北京导游词结束语【精品19篇】

南锣鼓巷是北京最古老的街区之一，也位列规划中的25片旧城保护区之中。南锣鼓巷南北走向，北起鼓楼东大街, 南止地安门东大街， 全长786米， 宽8米，与元大都(1267年)同期建成， 是我国唯一完整保存着元代胡同院落肌理、规模最大、品级最高、资源最丰富的棋盘式传统民居区。

在元大都“左祖右社, 面朝后市”的城市格 局中, 南锣鼓巷是“后市”的组成部分。元 南锣鼓巷图1代, 以南锣鼓巷为轴线, 东侧地区属昭回坊, 西侧地区属靖恭坊。明代属昭回靖恭坊。清代乾隆年间属镶黄旗, 光绪末年至宣统年间属 内左三区。民国时期属内五区。东西各有8条胡同整齐排列着， 呈“鱼骨状”, 又如同一条“蜈蚣”。因此, 南锣鼓巷也 称为“蜈蚣巷”。从南向北，西面的8条胡同是福祥胡同、蓑衣胡同、雨儿胡同、帽儿胡同、景阳胡同、沙井胡同、黑芝麻胡同、前鼓楼苑胡同;东边的8条胡同是炒豆胡同、板厂胡同、东棉花胡同、北兵马司胡同、秦老胡同、前圆恩寺胡同、后圆恩寺胡同、菊儿胡同。这些胡同在元朝时没有名称，名称是明朝以后逐渐演变来的。比如菊儿胡同，明代叫局儿胡同，后来改称橘儿胡同，清代宣统时才称菊儿胡同，后延续至今。她里坊，是中国古代居住区组织的基本单位，也是城市规划建设的基本单位。在先秦称为“里”、“闾”或“闾里”。从北魏开始，出现了“坊”的称呼。唐长安，是当时世界上最大的城市，全城共建108坊。元大都规划设计时仍延续了里坊制，全城分为50坊，坊与坊之间是宽阔平直的街巷，犹如棋盘。

明朝时，将北京划为28坊，两坊合并称“昭回靖恭坊”。清代属镶黄旗。南锣鼓巷曾叫罗锅巷，乾隆20xx年(1750年)绘制的《全城全图》改称为南锣鼓巷。

现在的南锣鼓巷街区北边是鼓楼东大街，南边是地安门东大街，西边是地安门外大街，东边是交道口南大街。由这4条街围合的这块长方形地块，正是元大都的两个坊。以南锣鼓巷为界，东面是“昭回坊”。西边是“靖恭坊”，南锣鼓巷是两坊间的分界巷。

唐朝长安的里坊早已无存，元大都里坊构造在800多年的历史变迁中，也已面目全非，但是，南锣鼓巷地区却还极为完整地保存着元大都里坊的历史遗存。胡同格局那么完整，胡同里各种形制的府邸、宅院多姿多彩。真可谓是北京古都风貌中一块保存完整的“碧玉”。

在北京炎热夏季中一个少有的细雨霏霏的凉爽午后，我又一次来到南锣鼓巷。南锣鼓巷在近几年被时尚人士和国外旅游者关注，是因为从新世纪开始，不经意间，许多酒吧在这条古老的小街上出现。现在这里已经成为继三里屯、什刹海之后，北京又一条酒吧街。

有人说三里屯酒吧街是彩色的，什刹海酒吧街是暗红色的，而南锣鼓巷酒吧街是翠绿色的。这样的评说可能不仅是指自然的色彩，或许还指向其不同的文化内涵吧。这里的每一条胡同都有丰厚的文化积淀，每一个宅院里都诉说着老故事。

尊敬的各位游客们：

大家好!我是本次游览团的导游，我叫汪尔康，为了方便记忆，大家也可以叫我小汪，将由我带领大家参观北京名胜古迹北京故宫。

故宫又名紫禁城，始建于公元1420xx年，1420xx年基本峻工，是明朝皇帝朱棣始建。故宫南北长961米，东西宽753米，建筑面积15.5万平方米。宫城周围环绕着高12米，长3400米的宫墙，形成为一长方形城池，墙外有52米宽的护城河环绕，形成一个森严壁垒的城堡。

故宫有4个门，正门名午门，东门名东华门，西门名西华门，北门名神武门。面对北门神武门，有用土、石筑成的景山，满山松柏成林。在整体布局上，景山可说是故宫建筑群的屏障。

现在我将带领大家一起游览乾清宫。请大家在游览过程中不要乱丢垃圾，随地吐痰，破坏公物。当然啦，请大家紧跟着我一起游览，千万别走散了啊。

现在我们到了乾清宫，乾清宫是皇帝处理日常政务，批阅各种奏章的地方，后来还在这里接见外国使节。乾清宫建筑规模为内廷之首，明朝的十四个皇帝和清朝的顺治、康熙两个皇帝，都以乾清宫为寝宫，在这里居位，平时也在这里处理日常政务。作为明代皇帝的寝宫，自永乐皇帝朱棣至崇祯皇帝朱由检，共有14位皇帝曾在此居住。据记载，嘉靖年间发生十余个宫女趁嘉靖帝熟睡之时，企图勒死的“寅宫变”后，世宗移居西苑，不敢回乾清宫住。

这里是坤宁宫，坤宁宫是北京故宫内廷后三宫之一，坤宁宫在交泰殿后面，始建于明朝永乐十八(1420xx年)，正德九年(1520xx年)、万历二十四年(1596年)两次毁二火，万历三十三年(1620xx年)重建。清朝沿袭明朝体制，于顺治二年(1645年)重修，十二年(1655年)仿照盛京沈阳清宁宫再次重修。嘉庆二年(1797年)乾清宫失火，延烧此殿前檐，三年重修。乾清宫代表阳性，坤宁宫代表阴性，以表示阴阳结合，天地合壁之意。

今天，我带家游览的任务结束了，谢谢大家对我的支持与信任。北京有许多名胜古迹，希望下次有机会和大家一起再去细细游览品赏。衷心祝愿大家北京游游愉快，生活美满幸福。

女士们，先生们，叔叔阿姨阿姨夫们，老少爷们娘们们，你们早上好!

首先，我谨代表旅行社老板，全体老板娘以及全体导游向你们表示热烈的欢迎。为了表示我的热情，我要先给你们唱首歌，为什么要唱歌呢?不是因为我唱歌好听。我唱歌属于高音上不去，低音下不来，中间还走调，但是我为什么还要唱呢?我们旅行社老板说了，你们就是我的上帝，耶稣阿门啥的，你们对我们导游十分重要，你们快乐了我们旅行社老板才快乐，旅行社老板快乐经理才能快乐，经理快乐了我们导游才能快乐。所以为了你们快乐我也得唱。

初次见面，所以在那里呢，送给你们一首歌作为见面礼了：要欣赏先鼓掌(停顿)，鼓掌的都是董事长：你未曾见过我，我未曾见过你，年轻的朋友一见面啦，情投意又合。你不用介绍你我不用介绍我年轻的朋友在一齐呀比什么都快乐溜溜的她哟，她哟我哟心儿咿个嘿嘿嘿心儿咿个嘿嘿嘿

我也不会说什么华丽的语言，但我保证我说过的话都灵，我嘴开光啦

我祝愿所有给我鼓掌的朋友长命百岁，我会永远记住你们的，我会永远把你们放在心里。

说了这么多，你们可能还都不认识我，自我介绍一下，我姓x，你们称呼我为小x就行了。小x的年龄保密，体重保密，身高保密，唯一不保密的是我的电话号码，你们需要的能够记一下哈，我的电话是，24小时开机，有什么事直接找我能够了。小x长的虽然称不上是沉鱼落雁，闭月羞花，但是我的笑容绝对的灿烂，我对工作绝对的是认真负责!顺便说一下我们家的门牌号，你们千万不要上错了车。

我听见有人乐了。那此刻我给你们隆重的介绍一下咱们的司机师傅，师傅在旅游界是有名的三好先生，车技好，人好，服务态度好!我们俩将互相配合，尽量让你们每个人都满意!同时也期望各位能理解配合支持我们的工作。

故宫博物院是在明、清两代皇宫及其收藏的基础上建立起来的中国综合性博物馆。其位于北京市中心，前通天安门，后倚景山，东近王府井街市，西临中南海。1961年，经国务院批准，故宫被定为全国第一批重点文物保护单位。1987年，故宫被联合国教科文组织列入“世界文化遗产”名录。

依照中国古代星象学说，紫微垣(即北极星)位于中天，乃天帝所居，天人对应，是以皇帝的居所又称紫禁城。明代第三位皇帝朱棣在夺取帝位后，决定迁都北京，即开始营造这座宫殿，至明永乐十八年(1420xx年)落成。1920xx年，辛亥革命推翻了中国最后的封建帝制--清王朝，1920xx年逊帝溥仪被逐出宫禁。在这前后五百余年中，共有24位皇帝曾在这里生活居住和对全国实行统治。

紫禁城，四面环有高10m的城墙和宽52m的护城河。城南北长961m，东西宽753m，占地面积达780,000㎡。城墙四面各设城门一座，其中南面的午门和北面的神武门现专供参观者游览出入。城内宫殿建筑布局沿中轴线向东西两侧展开。红墙黄瓦，画栋雕梁，金碧辉煌。殿宇楼台，高低错落，壮观雄伟。朝暾夕曛中，仿若人间仙境。城之南半部以太和、中和、保和三大殿为中心，两侧辅以文华、武英两殿，是皇帝举行朝会的地方，称为“前朝”。北半部则以乾清、交泰、坤宁三宫及东西六宫和御花园为中心，其外东侧有奉先、皇极等殿，西侧有养心殿、雨花阁、慈宁宫等，是皇帝和后妃们居住、举行祭祀和宗教活动以及处理日常政务的地方，称为“后寝”。前后两部分宫殿建筑总面积达163,000㎡。整组宫殿建筑布局谨严，秩序井然，寸砖片瓦皆遵循着封建等级礼制，映现出帝王至高无上的权威。在封建帝制时代，普通的人民群众是不能也不敢靠近它一步的。

辛亥革命后，这座宫殿本应全部收归国有，但按照那时拟定的《清室优待条件》，逊帝溥仪却被允许“暂居宫禁”，即“后寝”部分。当时的政府决定，将热河(承德)行宫和盛京(沈阳)故宫的文物移至故宫的“前朝”部分，于1920xx年成立了“古物陈列所”。溥仪居宫内，一直与亡清残余势力勾结，图谋复辟，且以赏赐、典当、修补等名目，从宫中-大量文物，引起了社会各界的严重关注。1920xx年，冯玉祥发动“北京政变”，将溥仪逐出宫禁，同时成立“清室善后委员会”，接管了故宫，对宫内文物进行清点。又经过一年的紧张筹备，于1920xx年10月10日在乾清门前广场举行了盛大的建院典礼，并通电全国，宣布故宫博物院正式成立。开放的第一天，人们以争先一睹这座神秘的皇宫及其宝藏为快，北京市内万人空巷，交通为之堵塞，此亦成为当天各大报纸的重大新闻。

经初步清点，清代宫廷遗留下来的文物，据1920xx年公开出版的二十八册《清室善后委员会点查报告》一书所载，计有一百一十七万余件，包括三代鼎彝、远古玉器、唐宋元明之法书名画、宋元陶瓷、珐琅、漆器、金银器、竹木牙角匏、金铜宗教造像以及大量的帝后妃嫔服饰、衣料和家具等等。可谓金翠珠玉，奇珍异宝，天下财富，尽聚于此。除此之外，还有大量图书典籍、文献档案。为此故宫博物院下设古物馆、图书馆、文献馆，分别组织人力继续对文物进行整理，并就宫内开辟展室，举办各种陈列，还编辑出版多种刊物，公开资料，进行宣传。各项工作开展得有声有色，人文荟萃，极一时之盛。

第二次世界大战全面爆发前夕，日本帝国主义鲸吞了中国东北领土，步步进逼华北，形势危急。为了保护故宫文物不至遭战火毁灭或被日本帝国主义掠夺，故宫博物院决定采取文物避敌南迁之策。从1933年2月至5月，宫内重要文物被装成13,427箱又64包，分五批先运抵上海，后又运至南京。遂于南京建立文物库房，并成立了故宫博物院南京分院。1937年，“七·七卢沟桥事变”爆发，抗日战争全面展开。南迁文物又沿三路辗转迁徙至四川，分别存于四川省的巴县、峨嵋和乐山。直到抗日战争胜利后，三处文物复集中于重庆，于1947年运回南京。在中国人民解放军即将渡江之际，自1948年底至1949年初，南京-政府从南京库房中挑选出2,972箱文物运往中国台湾，后于台北市士林外双溪建立新馆，公开对外展出。余下的大批文物，在1949年以后陆续运回故宫博物院一万余箱，但至今还有2,221箱仍封存于南京库房，委托南京博物院代为保管。在这场长达十余年的惨烈的战争期间，由于故宫博物院的工作人员不畏艰难险阻，尽职尽责，南迁文物数量虽巨，却没有一件丢失和损伤，故宫人员的精神、事迹，可歌可泣。可又是因为这场战争，致使故宫的文物分处异地。这份祖国传统文化之珍藏应是一个整体，而尤与紫禁城建筑不可分离，人们相信，终有一日，其终将得以完璧。

各位游客大家好啊!我姓金。大家可以叫我导或金同学都没关系，我很荣幸能够带领大家去故宫旅游。希望大家能够听我对故宫的解说。

我们现在要去故宫了。故宫可是世界文化的遗产。我们要注意的事项:不能带火种，不能带危险物品:如小刀，剪刀等危险物品。不能有乱扔垃圾，乱涂乱画等不文明的事情。

现在展现在我们面前气势宏伟的古代人民的建筑——故宫，故宫又称紫禁城。故宫的大门是南为午门也就是故宫的正门，北为神武门，东为东华门，西为西华门，这宫墙四门的角楼都是风格独特，造型绚丽的。故宫的石墙上有龙的雕刻，有双龙戏珠，龙腾虎跃，龙飞凤舞等美丽的图案。全殿面阔11间，进深5间，外有廊柱，殿内外共立72根大柱。殿高35米，殿内净空高达14米，宽63米，面积2377平方米，为全国最大的木结构大殿。我再给大家介绍介绍其他的宫殿吧!

现在大家来到的是保和殿。保和殿是皇帝宴请外藩王公，贵族和京中文武大臣 之处。你们知道乾清宫吗?不知道也没关系，现在我告诉大家乾清宫是明清皇帝居住和处理政务的地方。你们看过“还珠格格”这部电视剧吗?它就是在故宫拍的。

规划严整，气魄宏伟，壮观美丽，这就是我国的故宫。现在大家可以自由参观了。

北京密云司马台长城旅游

司马台长城位于北京东北部120公里的险关重镇古北口境内，此段长城始建于明洪武初年，是一段偏离原北齐长城基础的明长城，也是至今仍保留代长城原貌的一段古长城。

司马台长城，全长5.4公里，敌楼35座。整段长城构思精巧、设计奇特、构思新颖、形态各异，它集万里长城众多特色于一地，形成一段“奇妙的长城”。

综观司马台长城，可用“险、密、全、巧、奇”五字概括。险：司马台长城沿刀削斧劈似的山脊修筑，蜿蜒曲折，惊险无比，尤其是天梯和天桥两段，更是险中有险。天梯是单面墙长城，坡陡墙窄，最窄处不足半米，呈直梯壮沿山体上升，两侧更是陡峭悬崖，置身其上，俯首下望，令人目眩。天梯顶端，便是天桥，长不逾百米，宽只有一砖，约40厘米左右，两侧又是悬崖绝壁，令人不寒而栗，英雄气短，游客把这儿称作咫尺天涯。虽然名为天桥，但到这里的人们却都说：“过桥难，难于上青天”，这里可说是明长城中依山设险，险上加险的最险要地段之一。密：是司马台长城又一特点，两敌楼相距最近仅43.8米，最远600米，一般都在100-------200米之间，若按当时明代筑长城的规定，每500米修敌楼一座的话，可见此段长城是一例外。全：是指敌楼和城墙的建筑形式奇特多样。从外观来看，敌楼有单眼楼、双眼楼、三眼楼、四眼楼和五眼楼，有单层楼，上下相通的双层楼和三层楼。它们均为空心敌楼，大小不一、形态组合各异，是按驻军的官衔等级，驻防人数以及地势险要程度分别来建造的。从内部结构来看，有砖结构、砖木结构、砖石结构；又有单室、双室、多室之分；房间布局有“田”字、“井”字；楼顶变化多端，有平顶、穹窿顶、八角藻井顶、覆斗顶；就连门窗也新颖别致，有边门、中间门、有砖券和石券，还有技艺精湛的雕花花岗岩石门。这是长城史上不可多得的珍贵文物。司马台长城东段的仙女楼和望京楼就是两种具有代表性的敌楼，望京楼是司马台长城的制高点，海拔986米，为空心三眼楼，二层砖石结构。这里视野开阔，隐约可见北京城轮廓，故称望京楼。望京楼头，东观“雾灵积雪”、“蟠龙卧虎”、北看“燕山叠翠”、南瞧“水库明珠”、壮丽关山，尽收眼底。仙女楼是敌楼中建造得最美的一座，掩映在老虎山腰的树丛中，下部条石合缝，上部磨砖达顶。内部用青砖砌成两道大拱，三条甬道，十个券门。顶部正中心砌成蜘蛛网状的八角藻井，四边砌四个砖柱，游人在里面轻轻放歌便能发出悦耳的回音。门券上还有并蒂莲花浮雕，整个敌楼处处给人以精巧、细腻、秀丽之感。仿佛它不是人间战争的防御设施，而是一座仙境楼阁。此外、城墙的构造更是匠心独运，富于变化。因地形和军事上的需要，城墙又分为单边墙、双边墙和障墙，有砖砌、石砌及砖石混合砌，城墙上的箭孔疏密也从几十个直到上百个。巧：体现为进可攻，退可守，步步为营的障墙。而小天梯上的障墙，可谓登峰造极，在20多米的垂直落差内从最顶上的障墙箭孔，一直可以通过所有障墙的射孔，到达最下的射孔，精巧之至，另人赞叹。由此可以想像昔日戌边将士苦战御敌的战争场面。奇：构筑在溶洞上的长城，洞与城的巧妙组合，在整个明长城中绝无仅有，令人称奇叫绝。

司马台长城虽以山势险陡、长城雄奇为主景，却不乏碧波荡漾、湖光帆影的优美环境，长城角下的鸳鸯湖赋予了这段长城以灵性，清澈的湖水，是由水量充沛、四季凉爽的冷泉和冬季热气喷涌、水温常年在38℃的温泉汇聚而成的，湖水冷暖各半，经东历夏，从不结冰。夏季里荡舟湖上，清风徐来，让人神清气爽，心旷神怡。

司马台长城不仅有奇丽的风光，亦是一座文化遗产的宝库。今年来，在这段长城上发现了许多长城文物，其中：有石刻“题名碑”，碑上记载着当年修建长城时的情况以及与建城有关的官员的名字，同时这里还发现几处城墙和敌楼上有带戳印文字的砖，上面刻的都是参加修建长城的军队名称和年代，如“万历五年山东左营造”、“万历五年宁夏营造”等等。长城砖上带有戳印文字，在其它长城上也是及为少

见。在修复这段长城清基过程中，又清出一批出土文物：有当年守城将士使用过的各种武器，其中有铁炮、石炮、铁镞铁铳、手雷、三眼铳。铁弹丸、火药勺等，还有守城战士用过的生产生活用具，其中有锄头、铁铲、菜刀、铁灯碗等等，以上这些文物很珍贵，它为研究明代长城及明代历史提供了价值很高的事物资料。

长城是中国也是世界上非常重要的文化遗产，司马台长城则是这份遗产中的一颗明珠，为了更好地保护这段长城，并满足广大中外游客更好地领略长城的风采，司马台长城景区一手抓文物保护工作，一手抓旅游开发建设，使司马台长城这一世界文化瑰宝无愧于时代，无愧于著名长城专家罗哲文教授的评价：“中国长城是世界之最，而司马台长城是中国长城之最。”

司马台还为游客提供登城隐形索道、游览峡谷索桥、鸳鸯湖上泛舟、游泳、垂钓、住宿、小型会议、山寨野味等服务。6月举办司马台长城国际滑翔节、8月举办文化节、9月举办登城比赛。

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大家好，我是你们今天的小导游—(小吴)，我将带你们去一个风水宝地—北京!

北京位于华北大平原的西北端，是中华人民共和国的首都，全国政治、文化、交通、旅游和国际交往的中心，北京导游词。全市由11个区和7个县组成。总面积16800平方公里，其中市区占地1040平方公里。人口1150万。北京为我国四大直辖市之首。

北京，已有3000多年的文字记载历史和悠久的城建沿革。远在70～50万年前，这里就是人类祖先的发祥地，“北京猿人”便在京西南的周口店等地繁衍生息。公元前586年，周朝的封侯国—燕国，在此建都，名“蓟”，从此“燕京”之名流传至今。14XX年朱棣夺得皇位，迁都北平，并改名为北京，北京之名从此开始。不久兴建紫禁城等，经过十五年施工于1420年建成，1421年正式迁都北京。1644年清军入关，明朝灭亡，清朝也在北京建都。1949年新中国成立后，古老的北京获得了新生，被确定为新中国的首都。

现在大家已经来到了北京的远郊昌平区，那即将进入的就是十三陵景区。利用这段时间，我来给大家讲解一下十三陵的历史背景和说明。

明朝永乐皇帝朱棣在14XX年派了一些风水术士到北京选择“吉壤”，其实就是吉祥的土地，准备修建陵寝。当时这些人找了很多地方，但是都不成功，最后直到明永乐七年，才选定了现在的这片天寿山陵区，在周围有蟒山，虎峪，龙山和天寿山。这里正符合了阴阳五行中四方之神的所在位置，就是东青龙，西白虎，南朱雀，北玄武，还有温榆河经过这里，真可以说是风水宝地。从此可见当时皇帝要为自己修建一个陵寝要耗费多少精力啊。随后，就开始修建了长陵，经过四年终于竣工了。那明朝历代的皇帝，也陆续在这里修建了陵寝。而且从1409修建长陵一直到1644年明王朝灭亡，这200多年间，明十三陵的营建工程从来没有间断过。在这方圆40平方公里的范围，埋葬了明代十三位皇帝，二十三位皇后，还有许多的妃子，太子等等。可是这里也没能够完整的保留下来，在清兵入关以后，为了报复金人将清太祖的祖坟毁掉，所以就将这里烧了。后来在乾隆五十年的时候，为了笼络汉人，就下令修缮陵区。在新中国成立以后，对这里进行了大规模的开发，并且开放了的长陵、定陵和昭陵，其中定陵的地宫已经被发掘了。现在这里已经成为了全国重点风景名胜区，是世界上保存完整、埋葬皇帝最多的墓葬群。现在大家可能在想：明朝不是有十六个皇帝么?怎么在这里只有十三个皇帝的陵寝?其实原因很简单，明太祖朱元璋因为建都南京，所以他的陵墓当然就在南京啦，也就是明孝陵;而明朝第二个皇帝建文帝，因为被朱棣夺取了皇位，尸骨下落不明，所以这里就没有他的陵墓;在明朝第七代皇帝英宗的时候，他曾经被宦官王振怂恿，率军亲征，后来在河北怀来的土木堡被瓦刺军俘虏，这个事件称为“土木之变”，一国不能无君，所以他的兄弟就被册封为景泰帝，而后又上演了英宗重新夺取皇位的“夺门之变”，所以在十三陵中没有景泰帝的陵墓，他以亲王的礼节被安葬在西郊的金山口。这样一来，大家一定都明白了为什么这里叫做十三陵了。

从十三陵出来，我们来到了清朝第一大贪官和珅的府邸—亲王府

大门入园——后罩楼——龙王庙——西洋门——独乐峰——蝠池——安善堂——流杯亭——垂花门——明道斋(展室)——大戏楼——绿天小隐——福字碑——澄怀撷秀——秋水山房——榆关——出园

乾隆四十一年，即1776年，和珅开始在这东依前海，背靠后海的位置修建他的豪华宅第，时称“和第”。有说法称、明弘治年间、大太监李广也曾经置第于此。嘉庆四年正月初三太上皇弘历归天，次日嘉庆褫夺了和珅军机大臣、九门提督两职，抄了其家，估计全部财富

约值白银两千万两，相当于清政府半年的财政收入，所以有“和珅跌倒，嘉庆吃饱”的说法。同年正月十八，即1799年2月22日，和珅被“赐令自尽”。而宅子本身，则如愿归“爱豪宅不爱江山”的胞弟庆僖亲王永璘所有。与此同时，嫁予和珅之子的乾隆之女和孝公主，仍居住在半座宅第中，导游词《北京导游词》。咸丰元年，即1851年，清末重要政治人物恭亲王奕訢成为这所宅子的第三代主人，改名恭王府，恭王府之名由此沿用至今。“一座恭王府，半部清朝史”是历史地理学家侯仁之对恭王府的评价。民国初年，这座王府被恭亲王的孙子溥伟以40万块大洋卖给教会，后由辅仁大学用108根金条赎回，并用作女生学堂。新中国成立以后，王府曾被公安部宿舍、风机厂、音乐学院等多家单位使用过。

如果说恭王府代表的是王府文化的话，那么四合院应该就是能代表我们百姓文化的了，现在让我们来到北京的老宅子—四合院!

四合院，可说是天下闻名，老北京人都说如果没有了四合院，北京就像没有了生命一样，它倒是成了北京的“掌上明珠”!

北京的四合院所以有名，还在于它的构成有独特之处，在中国传统住宅建筑中具有典型性和代表性。中国住宅建筑大部分是内院式住宅，南方地区的住宅院落很小，四周房屋连成一体，称作“一颗印”。这种住宅适合于南方的气候条件，通风采光均欠理想。

北京的四合院，院落宽绰疏朗，四面房屋各自独立，彼此之间有游廊联接，起居十分方便 ，所谓四合，“四”指东、西、南、北四面，“合”即四面房屋围在一起，形成崐一个“口”字形。经过数百年的营建，北京四合院从平面布局到内部结构、细部装修都形成了京师特有的京味风格。

北京正规四合院一般依东西向的胡同而坐北朝南，基本形制是分居四面的北房(正房)、南房(倒座房)和东、西厢房，四周再围以高墙形成四合，开一个门。 大门辟于宅院东南角“巽”位。

四合院中间是庭院，院落宽敞，庭院中植树栽花，备缸饲养金鱼，是四合院布局的中心，也是人们穿行、采光、通风、纳凉、休息、家务劳动的场所。 四合院是封闭式的住宅，对外只有一个街门，关起门来自成天地，具有很强的私密性非常适合独家居住。院内，四面房子都向院落方向开门，一家人在里面和亲和美，其乐融融。由于院落宽敞，可在院内植树栽花，饲鸟养鱼，叠石造景。居住者不仅享有舒适的住房，还可分享大自然赐予的一片美好天地。四合院，也是华北地区民用住宅中的一种组合建筑形式，是一种四四方方或者是长方形的院落。 一家一户，住在一个封闭式的院子里，过着一种安逸、消闲、清静的日子，享受家庭的欢欣、天伦的乐趣，自然有一种令人悠然自得的气氛。之所以这样，北京四合院讲究绿化，院内种树种花，确是花木扶疏，幽雅宜人。老北京爱种的花有丁香、海棠、榆叶梅、山桃花等等，树多是枣树、槐树。花草除栽种外，还可盆栽、水养。

盆栽花木最常见的是石榴树、夹竹桃、金桂、银桂、杜鹃、栀子等等，种石榴取石榴"多子"之兆。至于阶前花圃中的草茉莉、凤仙花、牵牛花、扁豆花，更是四合院的家常美景了。

它虽为居住建筑，却蕴含着深刻的文化内涵，是中华传统文化的载体。

有些家庭，为了把院落装饰点缀一番，还在院落一进门处的正对面，修建一个影壁，也即是一堵砖墙。在正对大门的这一面，一般都有花卉、松竹图案或者大幅的书法字样醒目地放置影壁正面。上书“福”、“禄”、“寿”等象征吉祥的字样。也有一部分影壁，绘上吉祥的图案，如“松鹤延年”、“喜鹊登梅”、“麒麟送子”等等，给四合院内制造了一种书香翰墨的气氛。也有的农家，采用“五谷丰登”、“吉祥如意”、“福如东海”的字样或图画。这种影壁，设在大门之内的迎门处，有的是单独建筑的，有的是镶在厢房山墙上的。影壁，也称照壁，壁身都为正方形，四周用砖雕装饰，中间的方块为书法或者绘画。照壁分为基座和壁身两个部分，除去给庭院增加气氛，祈祷吉祥之外，照壁也起到一种使外界难以窥视院内活动的隔离作用。

如果四合院没了，那就彻底失去了老北京的文化色彩，那不仅是北京的符号，也是北京的魂儿。可想而之四合院是北京的一种文化特色，成为了北京美丽的风景线!

本次的北京四合院之旅就要到这里结束了!

北京简称京，是中国的首都，全国的政治、文化中心和国际交往的枢纽，也是一座著名的历史文化名城，与西安、洛阳、开封、南京、杭州并列为中国六大古都

北京悠久的历史，纵跨3000年。相传炎黄二帝是同父异母的兄弟，各有一半天下，皇帝行道炎帝不听，炎帝因有蚩尤相助与黄帝在诼鹿和阪泉大战，结果炎帝战败。天下合一，皇帝自立为天子，并在逐鹿建都。据载琢鹿和阪泉都是北京地区。后来黄帝的孙子在幽陵建城，“幽”成为北京地区的代称。无行当中代表北方之意。

五帝之首帝喾时，北京地区为天下九州之一的冀州，到了尧时叫幽都，舜帝时叫幽州。

商代灭亡之后，周武王将北京地区的两个地方“燕”和“蓟”封给了两位功臣。后来燕国吞并了蓟国统称为燕国，燕代表黑色象征着北方。燕国传位44世，历820余年。是当时各封国中历史最长的强国。

唐代“安史之乱”后称此处为大都和燕京，金代中都，元代为大都正式成为全国的政治中心。

明朝朱元璋南京称帝，派大将徐达功克大都城，改称北平府。靖难之役之后永乐皇帝迁都北京。从此北京才有这个响亮名字。

北京是一座有着三千多年历史的古都，在不同的朝代有着不同的称谓，大致算起来有二十多个别称。

燕都，据史书记载，公元前11世纪，周武王灭商以后，在尧封帝，此后在苏城建都，在燕封召公。燕都因古时为燕国都城而得名。战国七雄中有燕国，据说是因临近燕山而得国名，其国都称为“燕都”。

幽州，远古时代的九州之一。幽州之名，最早见于《尚书·舜典》：“燕曰幽州。”两汉、魏、晋、唐代都曾设置过幽州，所治均在今天的北京一带。

Prince Gongs residence is located in Qianhai West Street, XichengDistrict, Beijing. It is the largest palace in Qing Dynasty. It was successivelyused as the residence of the corrupt official and Prince Qing. Later, it wasgiven to Prince Gong Yixin, hence the name of Prince Gongs residence, which isstill in use today. Prince Gongs residence has gone through the historicalprocess of the Qing Dynasty from its heyday to its decline, so there is a sayingthat "a Prince Gongs residence, half of the history of the Qing Dynasty".

&This is the description of Prince Gongs residence in historicalbooks. In terms of its location, it occupies an excellent position in thecapital. The ancients paid great attention to Fengshui in building houses andgardens. It is said that there are two dragon veins in Beijing. One is the EarthDragon, which is the dragon vein of the Forbidden City; the other is the waterdragon, which refers to the line between Houhai and Beihai. Prince Gongsresidence is just on the connecting line between Houhai and Beihai, which is thedragon vein. Therefore, Fengshui is very good. The ancients took water as theirwealth. They found water everywhere in Prince Gongs mansion. The water of thelargest pavilion in the center of the lake was introduced from Yuquan lake, andit only entered but did not flow out. Therefore, it is more in line with thetheory of geomantic omen. Chinas top ten marshals and Guo Moruo and others alllived near Prince Gongs residence and lived a long life. It is said that theplace with the largest number of long-lived people in Beijing is near PrinceGongs residence. This place is really a treasure land of geomantic omen.

Prince Gongs mansion is composed of two parts: Mansion and garden. It isabout 330 meters long from north to South and 180 meters wide from east to west.It covers an area of 61120 square meters, including 32260 square meters ofmansion and 28860 square meters of garden. The mansion is not only spacious, butalso the highest standard of architecture. The obvious signs are the front doorand the number of houses. There are five front rooms, seven main rooms, fiveback rooms, seven back rooms, and a side room on the left and right. There mustbe no more royal mansions than these. The form of the house and the color of thetiles should not exceed the standard. There are three courtyards in the middle,East and West roads of Prince Gongs mansion, and the back two courtyards ofeach road are the main areas for people to visit.

The mansion building is divided into East, middle and West roads, each ofwhich is composed of multiple courtyard buildings running through the strictcentral axis from south to north.

The main buildings on the middle road are yinan hall and Jiale hall. Theroof of the hall is green glazed tiles, which shows the majesty of the middleroad and the identity of the prince. The front courtyard of East Road is calledduofuxuan. In front of the hall, there is a vine that has been growing for morethan 200 years. It is still growing very well. It is extremely rare in thecapital. The main room of the backyard on East Road is called "ledotang", whichwas the living place of Prince Gong Yi Xin. The siheyuan on the west road isrelatively small and exquisite. The main buildings are Baoguang room andxijinzhai. The most exquisite work is xijinzhai, which belongs to thehigh-profile school. There are exquisitely carved sections of Nanmu in the hall,which is in the style of ningshou palace in the Forbidden City (this is one ofthe "twenty crimes" of Hezhens being condemned to death). In the deepest partof the mansion, there is a two-story back cover building, 156 meters long fromeast to west. There are 88 windows on the back wall. There are 108 rooms in thebuilding, commonly known as "99 rooms and a half", which means "when you getthere, you will get rich".

Its called "Langrun garden" or "cuijin garden". Its commonly known asGongwangfu garden. Wandering in the garden is like walking in the mountains andrivers. Echoing the residence, the garden is also divided into East, West andEast. The entrance of the middle road is a white marble arched stone gate withwestern architectural style, centered on the stele of "Fu" written by EmperorKangxi, with dulefeng and bat pool in front and green sky Xiaoyin and bat hallin the back. The layout is memorable. The Grand Theater Hall on the east road isdecorated with fresh and beautiful decoration. The purple flowers of twigs andvines are in full bloom, making people feel like watching the Opera under thevines. At the south end of the theater, the Ming daozhai, the winding pathleading to seclusion, the hanging green Yue, the singing fragrance and thedrunken moon, and the Liubei Pavilion constitute the garden in the garden. Inthe garden, there are towering ancient trees, lots of strange rocks, wateraround the mountains, pavilions, pavilions and corridors. The landscape of thegarden under the moonlight is ever-changing, with a unique cave. Many Chineseand foreign tourists come here, looking for the past of green mountains, clearwaters and winding paths.

Prince Gongs residence, located in Qianhai West Street, was built in 1776& mdash; 1785. It was originally the private residence of He Li, a favoriteMinister of Qianlong in Qing Dynasty. After he Li was killed in Jiaqing forcorruption, the private residence here was given to King Qing. During the reignof Tongzhi, because Prince Gong Yixin cooperated with Cixi to launch a coup,Empress Dowager Cixi gave the house to him and became Prince Gongsresidence.

The hall of silver Luan is the main building of Prince Gongs residence. Asthe main hall of the palace, it can only be opened when there are importantevents and festivals, which plays a role of etiquette. In the early years of theRepublic of China, due to an accidental fire, the main hall was burned togetherwith the East and west side halls. Now the courtyard of yinan hall isrebuilt.

The architecture in the period of Hetao. There is a plaque on the side ofJiale hall. It is suspected that the plaque was given to Hezhen by EmperorQianlong, but there is no money and seal on the plaque, so there is no reason toconfirm it. However, Hezhen has jialetang poetry anthology, which indicates thatit is the room name of Hezhen. In the period of Prince Gong, Jiale hall wasmainly used as the sacrificial place of the Royal Palace, where the tablets ofancestors and gods were offered, and Shamanism was the main ritual. PrinceGongs mansion covers an area of about 60000 square meters. It is divided intotwo parts: the mansion and the garden. It has more than 30 buildings of varioustypes, with exquisite layout and extraordinary style. Its garden, also known asjincui garden, has a high artistic level in layout and design. The gardenimitates the palace of peaceful longevity in the imperial palace. The park issurrounded by rockeries in the shape of "mountain". In the East, South and West,there are mounds of earth and stone. In the middle of the road, there are cavesand gullies made of Fangshan stone. The top platform becomes the highest pointof the whole garden. From a high position, you can see the whole garden. PrinceGongs mansion was rebuilt on the basis of the officials residence. Among the20 major crimes he convicted in that year, there was the problem of "potentialwaste and overstepping the system" about the decoration of the eaves. Forexample, the 13th section of the article "found that the house of he had a nanmuhall, and its multi box structure and partition doors and windows imitated thesystem of ningshou Palace";. Therefore, the decoration of the eaves of PrinceGongs residence is unique in the culture of Prince Gongs residence

1、 It has the highest specifications and can be compared with the palacebuildings

The decoration of the eaves of the main halls of Prince Gongs mansion isnot only duobaoge and partition, but also xianlou and the sacrificial stove withPilu hat in the temple. And has the indoor rockery pool, the decoration becomesthe indoor small garden, is ingenious.

2、 There are many forms

From the leitu, we can see that there were more than 20 buildings decoratedwith inner eaves in those years, and there were many types, such as taishibi,throne bed, blue gauze cabinet, sacrificial stove, Wanzi Kang, several legscover, floor cover, Kang cover, true and false door, xianlou, shuge, duobaoge,shunshan Kang, front and back eaves Kang, etc.

3、 Flexible demarcation and rich space:

The main halls of Prince Gongs mansion are composed of solemn and solemnopen space, private space, symmetrical space, asymmetric space and flexiblespace. Some are suitable to receive senior guests, some are used for Shamanismsacrificial activities, some are suitable for daily life, and some are used assleep, so different space needs are appropriate.

4、 Exquisite workmanship and superb skills:

It can be seen from the decoration remains of Prince Gongs mansion thathardwood is used. The processed wood can be made into small sections, and thecarving patterns are undulating accurately. Moreover, various kinds of wagonscan be made by using circles or curves. Only on the basis of fine processing canit be completed. The construction difficulty is amazing. Unfortunately, most ofthe original eaves decoration of Prince Gongs mansion has disappeared. Today,through the study of the culture of Prince Gongs mansion, we should furtherexcavate it, combine with the future exhibition requirements of the Museum ofPrince Gongs mansion, and reproduce the glory of that year.

In 1776, the 41st year of Emperor Qianlongs reign, He Lin began to buildhis luxurious house, which was called "he di";. It is said that during the reignof emperor Hongzhi of the Ming Dynasty, Li Guang, the great eunuch, was onceplaced here. On the third day of the first month of the fourth year of Jiaqing,Emperor Hongli returned to heaven. On the next day, Jiaqing stripped theMinister of military aircraft and the governor of Jiumen from his home. It isestimated that his total wealth is about 800 million taels of silver, which isequivalent to the fiscal revenue of the Qing government for 15 years. Therefore,there is a saying that "when he falls, Jiaqing is satisfied.". On February 22,1799, on the 18th of the first month of the same year, he was ordered to commitsuicide;. The house itself, however, is owned by Prince Qingyu, his youngerbrother.

At the same time, Qianlongs daughter and Princess Xiao, who were marriedto the son of Hetao, still lived in half the house. In 1851, the first year ofXianfeng, Prince Gong Yi, an important political figure in the late QingDynasty, became the third generation owner of the house and changed its name toPrince Gongs house, which is still in use today. &"A Prince Gongs mansion,half of the history of Qing Dynasty" is the evaluation of Prince Gongs Mansionby Hou Renzhi, a historical geographer. In the early years of the Republic ofChina, the palace was sold to the church by Prince Gongs grandson Pu Wei for400000 yuan. Later, it was redeemed by Furen university with 108 gold bars andused as a school for girls. After the founding of new China, Wangfu has beenused by dormitories of the Ministry of public security, fan factories,conservatory of music and other units.

Prince Gongs mansion is the most complete preserved building complex inChina, which is divided into two parts: the mansion and the garden, with themansion in the front and the garden in the back. The opening of Prince Gongsresidence was put on the agenda as early as 30 years ago. In 1975, Premier Zhouentrusted Gu Mu with three unfinished tasks in his hospital bed, one of whichwas the opening of Prince Gongs residence.

Prince Gongs residence was built in the reign of Emperor Qianlong of theQing Dynasty. It was the private residence of Heshi, a bachelor.

In the early years of Tongzhi, Yixin, the third generation of the hosthere, was the king of politics and the leader of the military plane. He was verypowerful and distinguished for a time. He built the mansion and renovated thepart of the mansion. It was at that time that the architectural scale andpattern of Prince Gongs mansion was finally formed.

The first half of Prince Gongs mansion is a magnificent mansion, and thesecond half is a deep and beautiful classical garden, covering an area of nearly60000 square meters. The mansion is dignified and solemn, simple and elegant,with bright corridors and ridges. It is second only to the imperial palace. Thecuijin garden at the back of the mansion is surrounded by water and mountains,with towering ancient trees, winding corridors, pavilions and pavilions.

According to the existing literature, in this Fengshui treasure land on theWest Bank of Qianhai in the capital, surrounded by "panlongshui", there was alarge-scale temple in the yuan and Ming Dynasties, which was full of incense andfull of visitors. Even the emperor came here to worship the Buddha. It was onlyin the middle of the 16th century that the temple was gradually abandoned andreduced to a supply factory of the Ming Dynasty. After the Qing Dynasty came toBeijing, a number of courtyards of different sizes were built here for ordinarybanners such as the house of internal affairs.

Around the 40th year of Emperor Qianlongs reign, He Lin, who was red andpurple in front of the emperor, fell in love with this Fengshui treasure land,which is surrounded by water, connected to the western mountains, and not farfrom the emperors home. He bought many properties here at a high price andbuilt them into famous "and" Di ";.

Prince Gongs residence is known as "half of the history of Qing Dynasty",which is closely related to the three generations of owners living here. As weall know, the first generation of government leader he Lu was a Zaifu and abachelor in the late Qianlong period. He was also a famous corrupt official inhistory. He attracted peoples attention in the history of the Qing Dynasty, andthere were so many legends about him. In particular, his son, Fengshen Yin De,later married the youngest daughter of Emperor Qianlong, Gu Lun, and PrincessXiao, which made the mansion a real princess house for a while;

In the fourth year of Jiaqing, he Zhen died for his crime, so the emperorof Jiaqing gave the house to his younger brother Yongzhen, the king of Qingjun.Yongli is probably the most beloved of all the owners of this mansion. As earlyas when he Lin was in power, all the princes of Qianlong agreed that no matterwho became emperor in the future, he would be killed. But the 17th PrinceYonglin said: "no matter which elder brother becomes emperor in the future, Iwill be satisfied if he Lins mansion is awarded to me!";

When it comes to Yongyao, many people are not familiar with him. But whenit comes to his grandson, Yizhe, the prince of Qing who signed the "Treaty ofsorrow and Disgrace" with Li Hongzhang and the Allied forces of the eightcountries, Im afraid everyone knows about him. Yi Zhe is also a famous corruptofficial in modern Chinese history, but compared with the cowardly andincompetent Bailey in the late Qing Dynasty, he is still a man who dares to beresponsible and can entrust heavy responsibilities. Therefore, since the TongzhiDynasty, Yi zhe has been favored by Empress Dowager Cixi. Before Xianfengchanged his residence to Prince Gong, he lived here as a general of theauxiliary country.

As for Prince Gong Yixin, he was one of the most important politicalfigures in modern Chinese history. He participated in the second Opium War andalmost all the major political activities after it (1853-1898). During the"Xinyou coup", he helped Cixi to the throne of "hanging curtain to listen topolitics"; It is no exaggeration to say that without Yi Xin, the whole modernChinese history, and even the later Chinese history, would have beenrewritten.

If all things in the world are spiritual, then this beautiful buildingsurrounded by "panlongshui" is destined to be a miserable garden full of sadtemperament and ill fated from the day it was born.

In the fourth year of Jiaqing (1799), after he was executed, EmperorJiaqing gave the west half of the mansion to his seventeen younger brotherYongyu, who only wanted to live in hes house but not in the emperors seat. Thereason why they only gave him half of them was that the Emperor Qianlongs tenprincesses and their son-in-law, Fengshen Yinde, lived there at that time.

Princess Hexiao is the most legendary princess in the whole history of QingDynasty. Her biological mother is Wangs favorite concubine in the late years ofEmperor Qianlong. In the first month of Qianlongs 40th year, when the youngestdaughter came to the world, whose temperament and appearance all resembled herfathers, the emperor was already 65 years old. Although the ten princesses werewomen, they were born with divine power. They could open ten strong bows andoften rode with their father in hunting. As a result, Qianlong loved her morethan all his children. He sighed more than once: "if you are an elder brother,the throne will belong to you in the future!" indeed, the ten princesses werenot only excellent in martial arts, but also had an extraordinary mind. When hewas happy, his son-in-law relied on his father-in-law and behaved delicatelyEven though, the princess once sternly reprimanded him: "you, Amar, have beengracious to my father. You dont want to repay him, but you only know how totake bribes. Im worried about you. On the day when my wealth is not guaranteed,even I will be affected by you“

Although the ten Princesses words were unfortunately right, EmperorJiaqing still remembered his brother and sisters love and did not deprive himof the title of his younger sister husband. The princess and his wife stilllived in their original home. Therefore, the house was divided into two parts:QingWangs house in the West and princesss house in the East. It was not untilSeptember 1823, when the tenth Princess died, that the whole house came underthe name of QingWang. At that time, Yongyu had been dead for more than threeyears;

After 1911, according to the regulations of the government of the Republicof China on preferential treatment of Qing Dynasty, the palace became theprivate property of the owner. Later, because of the political turmoil and thedifficulties of livelihood, the posterity kings and grandchildren came intobeing one after another

北京是中华人民共和国的首都、直辖市和国家中心城市，是中国的政治、文化中心，中国经济的决策和管理中心，是中华人民共和国中央人民政府和全国人民代表大会的办公所在地。北京位于华北平原的北部，背靠燕山，有永定河流经老城西南，毗邻天津市和河北省。北京下辖东城区、西城区、朝阳区、海淀区、丰台区、石景山区、门头沟区、房山区、大兴区、通州区、顺义区、昌平区、平谷区、怀柔区、密云区、延庆区。20xx年末，北京市常住人口2151.6万人。

北京是中国“八大古都”之一，拥有7项世界遗产，是世界上拥有文化遗产项目数最多的城市，是一座有着三千余年建城历史、八百六十余年建都史的历史文化名城，拥有众多历史名胜古迹和人文景观。20xx年12月9日，北京市获得20xx中国城市竞争力排行榜第四名。截至20xx年1月27日，全国31省区已全部公布20xx年经济数据，北京排名第十三。20xx年3月1日，北京在《中国城市创业指数》中排名第一。20xx年3月，《20xx年财富报告》发布，北京在全球房价最贵的城市中排名第10。

北京简称京，是中国的首都，全国的政治、文化中心和国际交往的枢纽，也是一座著名的历史文化名城，与西安、洛阳、开封、南京、杭州并列为中国六大古都。位于华北平原西北边缘，市中心位于北纬39度，东经116度，四周被河北省围着，东南和天津市相接。全市面积一万六千多平方公里，辖12区(东城区、西城区、崇文区、宣武区、朝阳区、海淀区、丰台区、石景山区、门头沟区、房山区、通州区、 顺义区)6县(大兴县、平谷县、昌平县、怀柔县、密云县、延庆县)，人口1100余万。北京为暖温带半湿润大陆性季风气候，夏季炎热多雨，冬季寒冷干燥，春、秋短促，年平均气温10～12摄氏度。

各位来自世界各地的游客们，大家好!欢迎来到故宫，我是来自河南油田的王导游，下面的时间就由我带大家去细细游赏美丽的故宫。

故宫是世界上保存最完好，规模最大的古代木构架宫殿建筑群。看，此时这是故宫朝南的正门，叫做午门。午门的下面有五个拱门，正中间的门只有皇帝才能出入，即使地位很高的大臣，也只能使用两端的小门，地方上的诸侯只能使用两端最小的小门，一般的百姓连靠近故宫都不行，但是此刻谁都能够进啦!

瞧!这个建筑叫太和门。是故宫里最大的木制大门。在这儿放着一对狮子，它强悍、威武、高大，代表着皇帝的威严。

正前面的大殿叫太和殿，是故宫内最大的建筑物，并且是过去北京城最高的建筑物，你们觉得它高吗是的，它此刻一点也不高，因为北京发展很快，高的建筑物比比皆是。

好了，我的讲解告一段落，大家自由游览，30分钟后在这儿集合

尊敬的游客们!大家好!我是你们今天的导游，大家叫我于导游就行啦。

今天我们将要参观的是北京故宫，大家下车时请保管好随身物品准备下车，请不要随地吐痰，乱扔垃圾，注意安全。这就是故宫，又叫紫禁城，它坐落于北京市中心，为明清两代的皇宫，故宫的建设是以南京故宫为蓝本，从大江南北征调能工巧匠，经历了20xx年的时间才建成了故宫。

请大家走上台阶往下眺望，就可以看见故宫的全景了。故宫的平面是一个正方形，南北长961米，东西宽753米，占地面积约72万多平方米。大家请跟我来看一看四面筑有的城墙，它们周长3428米，墙高7.9米，底部宽8.62米，上部宽6.66米。大家请往上面看，上不外侧筑有雕刻，内侧砌墙宇。大家请随我来，请看墙外有一条宽52米，长380米的护城河环绕，构成完整的防御系统。大家请向东西南北四个方向看，宫城辟有四门，南面有午门是故宫正门，北面有神武门又叫玄武门，东面是东华门，西面是西华门。

大家往前走看到的就是太和殿了，太和殿为故宫第一大殿，俗称金銮宝殿，在北京故宫的中心部位，与中和殿和保和殿合称“故宫三大殿”。太和殿始建于明朝永乐四年，现存建筑是康熙三十四年所修的，明清两代皇帝即位、大婚、册立皇后以及元旦赐宴等大典均在此举行。

今天我们游览就到这，希望大家有时间去细细游赏其他宫殿。

谢谢!

北京九龙游乐园的导游词范文

北京九龙游乐园是北京市十三陵水库综合开发公司与日本株式会社熊谷组于一九八五年合资兴建的中国第一家具有美国迪斯尼特色的大型水下观赏型游乐园，也是北京地区绝无仅有的一块集水文化、龙文化、旅游文化为一体的高品位、多功能的旅游休闲胜地。

这里有令游人叹为观止的亚洲第一家将中国古典传说故事与美国高技术游乐设施完美结合的水下龙宫；专映世界顶级水平动感电影并在中国同类影院中独领风骚的北京特特乐科幻探险影院；五彩缤纷的水族世界和充满童话色彩的娱乐玩具城。园内有惊无险的急流漂筏，方程式赛车，豪华快艇和水上拉伞项目将给游客提供一展勇者风采的好机会。碧水涌托的龙宫岛上的九龙宫以其建筑风格独特而名扬天下。园内水上餐厅，临水餐厅及风味餐厅可供广大游人在欣赏游乐园迷人风光的同时，尽享各式风格美味佳肴。

配套服务设施齐全，可为游人提供“吃、住、行、游、购、娱”一条龙旅游服务。大型文化系列活动连年举办。以健身娱乐为主题的蜚声海内外的国际龙舟赛、明快怡人的消夏音乐会每年如期举行；另无数冬泳爱好者乐而忘返的冬游表演赛、给茫茫冬季带来一片温馨的“冬之春”、“火树银花不夜天”烟花爆竹节等，都为游客的旅游出行增添无穷乐趣。

你们好!我是天马行空公司的导游，我叫郑梓濠。今天，我就带你们游览我国伟大的建筑工程——长城。大家和我一起登上长城吧!

你们远看，长城就像一条长龙，在崇山峻岭之间万蜿盘旋。从东头的山海关到西头的嘉峪关，一共有一万三千公里，多雄伟啊!

现在，我们就在长城脚下。这一段长城修筑在八达岭上，高大坚固，是用巨大的条石和城砖筑成的。城墙顶上辅着的方砖，十分平整，像宽大的马路，城墙外有两米多高的垛子。垛子上有方形的嘹望台和射口，是屯兵使用的，每隔三百多米就有一个城台，打仗时，屯兵就可以互相呼应了。

大家现在来到了长城上了。站在长城上，踏着脚下的方砖，很自然的就想起了古代人们建造长城的艰辛吧!大家看看这些条石，一块就有三千多斤重。那时候，什么车也没有，就靠这无数的肩膀，无数只手，一步一个脚印地抬上那个陡峭的山岭，多少劳动人民的血汗和智慧，才凝结成这前不见头，后不见尾的万里长城啊。

好啦，你登上长城就是做了一回好汉啦!下面，大家可以自由参观、拍照!半小时后集中，请大家在游览时注意安全，谢谢合作!

南锣鼓巷是北京最古老的街区之一，也位列规划中的25片旧城保护区之中。南锣鼓巷南北走向，北起鼓楼东大街, 南止地安门东大街， 全长786米，宽8米，与元大都(1267年)同期建成， 是我国唯一完整保存着元代胡同院落肌理、规模最大、品级最高、资源最丰富的棋盘式传统民居区。

在元大都“左祖右社, 面朝后市”的城市格 局中, 南锣鼓巷是“后市”的组成部分。元 南锣鼓巷图1代, 以南锣鼓巷为轴线, 东侧地区属昭回坊,西侧地区属靖恭坊。明代属昭回靖恭坊。清代乾隆年间属镶黄旗, 光绪末年至宣统年间属 内左三区。民国时期属内五区。东西各有8条胡同整齐排列着， 呈“鱼骨状”,又如同一条“蜈蚣”。因此, 南锣鼓巷也称为“蜈蚣巷”。从南向北，西面的8条胡同是福祥胡同、蓑衣胡同、雨儿胡同、帽儿胡同、景阳胡同、沙井胡同、黑芝麻胡同、前鼓楼苑胡同;东边的8条胡同是炒豆胡同、板厂胡同、东棉花胡同、北兵马司胡同、秦老胡同、前圆恩寺胡同、后圆恩寺胡同、菊儿胡同。这些胡同在元朝时没有名称，名称是明朝以后逐渐演变来的。比如菊儿胡同，明代叫局儿胡同，后来改称橘儿胡同，清代宣统时才称菊儿胡同，后延续至今。她里坊，是中国古代居住区组织的基本单位，也是城市规划建设的基本单位。在先秦称为“里”、“闾”或“闾里”。从北魏开始，出现了“坊”的称呼。唐长安，是当时世界上最大的城市，全城共建108坊。元大都规划设计时仍延续了里坊制，全城分为50坊，坊与坊之间是宽阔平直的街巷，犹如棋盘。

明朝时，将北京划为28坊，两坊合并称“昭回靖恭坊”。清代属镶黄旗。南锣鼓巷曾叫罗锅巷，乾隆20_年(1750年)绘制的《全城全图》改称为南锣鼓巷。

现在的南锣鼓巷街区北边是鼓楼东大街，南边是地安门东大街，西边是地安门外大街，东边是交道口南大街。由这4条街围合的这块长方形地块，正是元大都的两个坊。以南锣鼓巷为界，东面是“昭回坊”。西边是“靖恭坊”，南锣鼓巷是两坊间的分界巷。

唐朝长安的里坊早已无存，元大都里坊构造在800多年的历史变迁中，也已面目全非，但是，南锣鼓巷地区却还极为完整地保存着元大都里坊的历史遗存。胡同格局那么完整，胡同里各种形制的府邸、宅院多姿多彩。真可谓是北京古都风貌中一块保存完整的“碧玉”。

在北京炎热夏季中一个少有的细雨霏霏的凉爽午后，我又一次来到南锣鼓巷。南锣鼓巷在近几年被时尚人士和国外旅游者关注，是因为从新世纪开始，不经意间，许多酒吧在这条古老的小街上出现。现在这里已经成为继三里屯、什刹海之后，北京又一条酒吧街。

有人说三里屯酒吧街是彩色的，什刹海酒吧街是暗红色的，而南锣鼓巷酒吧街是翠绿色的。这样的评说可能不仅是指自然的色彩，或许还指向其不同的文化内涵吧。这里的每一条胡同都有丰厚的文化积淀，每一个宅院里都诉说着老故事。

Good morning, ladies and gentlemen:

I am very glad to serve as your guide today. You can call me Lily. Pleasekeep my name card at hand. f you have any trouble or lose your way, just callme. My number is here. I’ll do my best to serve for you.

Now we are in front of the Prince Gong’s Mansion. It was the residence ofHe Shen. He was the Prime Ministery and the Minister of Defence in the years ofQanlong, the most prosperous stage of Qing Dynasty. In1850s, the mansion wasbestowed on Prince Gong. Compared with the Forbidden City, it seems to be alittle less famous. Why we come here ? The answer is its first owner, He Shen,is a very famous person in Chinese history. Every Chinese knows him no matterthe kids or the old. There are even many novels, poems, movies and TV seriestelling his story. Why is he so well-known? Because he was the corruptestofficial in Chinese history. You can’t imagine how large amount of his graft is.The successive Emperor Jiaqing sentenced He′to death and took possession of histreasure. The money he left behind amounted to 4,000 tons of silver, equalingten years’ income of the national treasury. If you change it into US dollars, itis 520 billion! I wonder how he got so large amount of money in only one life.Certainly, he paid lots of manpowers and materials to build his own mansion. Itis the largest and the best preserved Prince Mansion in Beijing. As you see, thePalace Museum is grand, national and formal. I think this one is more personal.You can see another style of Chinese building . Now, let’s begin our wonderfulvisit. Follow me, please!

The gate you see is called Western Gate. Are you familiar with it? Yes, thearchitect learned something from Europe. Nowadays, it is very common to seethere are different kinds of styles coming from different countries in a garden.But in Qing Dynasty, the emperor didn’t want any communication with othercountries. So this kind of gate was really rare, at that time. There were onlythree Western Gates all over the country. One was this. The other two were bothin imperial garden.

Let’s enter the garden.. Can you smell the fresh air and sweet fragrance?It’s really comfortable. Pay attention to the thin stone, please. It is notartificial but natural. ts name is Joy Peak. In China, it’s tradition to put ahuge stone or screen in front of the gate. It can protect the good luck andwealth from flowing away and ward off evil spirits. It is still true today.Besides, because of its existence you can’t see the inner scene directly. You’llbe curious and have a strong desire to go in. But, this one has another specialfunction. Look at it using you imagination. What does it look like? (Here andhere)Yes ! It looks like a holy mother hugging her son. Even though He′had manywives, he still didn’t have a son in his middle age. He was so worried aboutthis until he found this stone. He expected it would bring him a son. It iswonderful that He′got the only son in his life the next year. What a happycoincidence!

After going around the stone, the Bat Pond comes into our view. It getsthis name because its shape was like a bat. Why he like such an animal? Evenmyself as a Chinese can’t understand this at first. IN most people’s mind, thisanimal represents something evil. Now I get the answer. In Chinese, thepronunciation of bat is…and the pronunciation of happiness is…They are the same!There are 9999 bats in the garden. This is one of the specialties of PrinceGong’s Mansion. Of course, they are not real, hey are pictures or symbols. Haveyou noticed the four elm trees around the pond? Do you feel them a littlestrange? Look! They all grow to the heart of the pond, Their branches are abovethe pond. As a result, when autumn comes, the fruit and leaves of them will dropinto the pond.

Are you confused? Why he built this? Of course, it has a further meaning.The shape of elm’s fruit and leaves is very similar with Chinese bronze coin.He′hinted his ambition to gather all the wealth in his own wallet. At last heactually got it. In addition, all the water in the mansion is circulating. Itwill keep fresh and clear all the year round. If you are careful enough, you mayfind that there are few rivers in Beijing. In ancient time, if you wanted ariver flow over your garden, you must get the emperor’s permission. So it is afairly great honor to have this. You can see how much the emperor appreciateHe′! You can go around to take photos here. It will bring you good luck andwealth because of the pong and the artificial hill. There is a great secretunder the hill. I will tell it to you after a while. Now, if you have anyquestion, ask me please! We will climb the hill after a quarter. Is that OK?

香格里拉，自古就是藏民族最理想的“如意宝地”，藏族民歌唱道：“太阳最早照耀的地方，是东方的结塘，人间最殊胜的净土是奶子河畔的香格里拉”。香格里拉县位于云南省西北部的滇、川、藏“大三角”区域，是国家“三江并流”风景名胜区的一颗明珠，地处迪庆香格里拉腹心地带。香格里拉是一片人间少有的完美保留自然生态和民族传统文化的净土，素有“高山大花园”、“动植物王国”、“有色金属王国”的美称。万里长江第一湾呈“V”字型包裹着这块全省县级国土面积最大的“如意宝地”，滇藏公路纵贯全境。全县人口13万人。26个民族，其中9个是世居民族。是一个以藏族为主体、地域辽阔、资源丰富的县份。香格里拉共有著名旅游景点24个，是一个自然景观、人文景观的富集区域，是国家八大黄金旅游热线之一。

在阜成门外,东临钓鱼台，西到三环路,东西长约1.7公里，占地面积 137公顷，其中一半为水面,湖水荡漾。绿树成荫。为北京近郊较大公园之一。《明一统志》载：“玉渊潭在府西，元时郡人丁氏故池，柳堤环抱，景气萧爽，沙禽水鸟多翔集其间，为游赏佳丽之所。”由于这里地势低洼，西山一带山水汇积于此。清乾隆三十八年(1773年)浚治成湖，以受香山新开引河上水。又在下口建闸，俾资蓄泄湖水，合引河水由三里河达阜成门之护城河。东部建有行宫。后湖淤塞，杂草丛生。解放后，配合永定河引水工程，在旧湖南边挖了一个约10公顷的新湖，状如葫芦，名八一湖。下游建有实验水电站一座。新旧二湖东西两端相联，既可引水，又能蓄水.1960年密云水库修建后，引水工程南端，由昆明湖到玉渊潭的引水渠，在罗道庄与永定河引水渠相汇，同经玉渊潭流入护城河。近年来大力建设公园，修了环湖路，在园内还建了游廊点景建筑，逐步丰富园容。玉渊潭不仅是景色宜人，环境清幽，树木茂密，为西郊盛暑纳凉、游泳、划船的场所;而且在北京水利工程上起着引水、调洪的作用。

到北京的第一天，老妈想让我感受一下高等学府的浓郁氛围，就带我去参观了北京大学。

一到北大，我就被校门吸引住了，北大的校门古色古香，令人赞叹不已……大门有4米多高，朱红的大门和绿色的琉璃瓦显示了最高学府的特色，真是不同凡响;“北京大学”四个大字苍劲有力。

进了校门，我们参观了北京大学的“一塔湖图”，大家一定很奇怪吧，中国著名的北京大学怎么会一塌糊涂呢?嘿嘿，错了，“一塔湖图”的塔是灯塔的塔，湖是湖水的湖，图呢，则是图书的图。为什么要叫“一塔湖图”呢?因为北京大学有一座塔叫博雅塔，是北京大学缺水时期造的一座十三层的水塔，塔中有一座很深的井，后来废弃不用，成为北京大学著名的三大景点之一。还有一片湖，叫未名湖，湖水清澈见底，湖里长满了荷花，在未名湖，不论是晨练还是晨读，都是神清气爽的。图是图书馆，北京大学的图书馆是亚洲学校图书馆中藏书最多的图书馆，在那里，天下大事都看得到。

我最喜欢里面的图书馆了，北京大学的图书馆已有一百多年的历史。李大钊、毛泽东等革命前辈都曾在这里工作过。经过不断扩建，今天已成为亚洲高校第一大馆。目前藏书五百三十多万册，居全国高校首位。哦!在这个图书馆里博览群书，不聪明才怪呢!今天虽然已经放假了，但我们依然在图书馆里看到有许多同学在看书，这让我非常感慨：北大学生如此努力刻苦，这或许就是北大的精神吧!

老妈说：“北大是全国最好的学校之一，最关键的不仅他有最好的老师，而且因为每一学子都坚守着北大精神。”

今天我终于领悟到了这一点，就是要积极进取和追求进步，追求科学!

大家好，我是你们的导游小宇。今天我将带领大家去北京天坛。

天坛，在北京市南部，东城区永定门内大街东侧。占地约273万平方米。天坛始建于明永乐十八年(1420xx年)，清乾隆、光绪时曾重修改建。为明、清两代帝王祭祀皇天、祈五谷丰登之场所。天坛是圜丘、祈谷两坛的总称，有坛墙两重，形成内外坛，坛墙南方北圆，象征天圆地方。主要建筑在内坛，圜丘坛在南、祈谷坛在北，二坛同在一条南北轴线上，中间有墙相隔。圜丘坛内主要建筑有圜丘坛、皇穹宇等等，祈谷坛内主要建筑有祈年殿、皇乾殿、祈年门等。

下面我要给大家讲讲天坛的传说，此刻大家抬头看一下这就是美丽的天坛，从远出看是个八角形宝塔。

天坛是王屋的主峰，高峰耸寺深古纵横，一峰突起，万峰臣伏，唯我独尊，从南向北看中间高，两边低，好似屋顶像王者之屋，称王屋山。天坛原名叫琼林台，因皇帝在山顶设坛祭天，后人为了纪念，该为天坛。为了纪念皇帝老师华盖对皇帝指点，把天坛峰前的山叫华盖峰。

我们走过天坛，又来到了望景寺，那里能够这人观赏天坛的风景。

天坛是世界文化遗产，国家5A级旅游景区，全国重点礼貌保护单位。于北京正阳门，东南方自，为明清两朝皇帝祭天，求雨和祈，寿年专用祭坛，是世界上此刻规模最大，最完美的古代祭天建筑群。总面积273平方米。1920xx年作为公园正式对外开放。

坛为三层圆形石台，坛区占地20万余平方米。因此;明清时期北京的天坛与历朝代郊坛有一脉相承的渊源。

天地坛遂改称为天坛。消沿明制，天坛一称沿用至今。从乾隆八年1743年起，对天坛建筑进行了多次修理，天坛最后构成了南北两坛，规制严谨的盛郎风貌。

天坛到处有美丽的风景，说也说不尽，期望您有机会细细游赏。