北京导游词结束语推荐20篇

大家好，欢迎来到北京颐和园玩。请大家注意了，进了颐和园的大门，请不要乱冷垃圾，谢谢合作!

首先我向大家介绍一下，北京颐和园它还有另一个名字：皇家园林博物馆。颐和园里有山有水。山是万寿山，水是昆明湖，还有许多名胜古迹。进了大门，看到的是彩画长廊，这长廊简直就是一幅故事传说的长卷，令人驻足留连。大家请看，长廊有绿漆的柱子，红漆的栏杆，一眼望不到头。这长廊很长很长，有七百多米呢!每一间横槛上都画着五彩缤纷的画，这些画画得栩栩如生，一共有几千幅画呢! 大家抬头看一看。很美吧。好了，大家游完长廊，我们就去谐趣园。谐趣园最具有南方水乡特色，园里柳荫夹道，回廊曲折。那飘满水面的荷叶连成一片，密密麻麻。在这茂盛的叶片中，点缀着像星星一样的荷花。大家看，有的荷花展开两三片花瓣，有的还是花骨朵，有的露出了嫩黄的小莲蓬，还有的已全部绽放。从谐趣园过来，就来到了万寿山。

.从万寿山下看，一座宝塔形的三层建筑耸立在半山腰上，金黄色的琉璃瓦闪闪发光，闪烁着金子般的光芒，那就是佛香阁。我们到山顶去看看吧。从佛香阁的前面向下望，颐和园的景色大部分都看到了。大家往左侧看，那就是昆明湖。昆明湖的水很清、很静。待会儿，就去昆明湖看一看.。

从万寿山下来，就是我刚才说的昆明湖。昆明湖围着长长的堤岸，堤上有好几座式样不同的石桥，河两岸还有许多柳树。湖水波光粼粼，蜿蜒飘逸的十七孔桥像一条长龙，横卧在湖面上。大家可以做船去玩一玩，看一看风景。一小时后，到大门口集合。

今天，我们的旅程到这里就结束了，欢迎大家再来游赏。祝大家玩得愉快!

游客们，现在我们来到的是长廊，你看它多美呀!红漆的栏杆，绿漆的柱子一眼望不到头，这条长廊有700多米长，分成273间。每一间的横槛上都有五彩的画，画着人物、花草、风景，几千幅画没有哪两幅是相同的。说到这儿，你有点不信了吧，但是这的确是真的，这能表现出多少劳动人民的智慧才修建成这美丽的长廊。

走完长廊，如果大家想到昆明湖中心的小岛上玩，就必须通过一座石桥。这座石桥有十七个桥洞，叫十七孔桥;桥栏杆上有上百根石柱，柱子上都雕刻着小狮子，姿态不一，没有哪两只是相同的。

颐和园的旅程就到这里了，亲爱的游客们，再见。

北京前门大街，位于正阳门箭楼正前方。路长1600米，宽0米，明、清至民国时皆称“正阳门大街”，老百姓俗称“前门大街”，一九六五年正式定名为“前门大街”。规划后的前门大街改为步行街，不再通车，只有“铛铛车”可以“招摇”过市。

八月十六日，我们一家去前门大街玩。进入街道，首先映入眼帘的是两辆“铛铛车”，分别为前门一、二号。“铛铛车”像一节火车车厢，呈长方体，行驶时发出“铛!铛!铛!”的声音。“铛铛车”可以供逛街逛累了的人和不爱走路的人乘坐。由于还没有正式运行，它们还停在花圃里，四周摆满了鲜花，十分漂亮。

街口有一个牌坊，上面写着“正阳桥”三个字，牌坊有四根柱子，三个门，中间的宽，两边的窄。走过了牌坊，我们正式进入了大街，大街上人山人海，游人如织。街道两边是北京老字号的商铺，有大北照相馆、全聚德烤鸭店、都一处烧麦店、瑞蚨祥丝绸店、张一元茶庄等。都一处烧麦店门口排了老长老长的队伍，一问才知道原来是排队准备进餐的，后来一查资料，原来都一处烧麦店是因为乾隆皇帝来这里吃烧麦，说了一句夸奖的话而命名的。各个商铺都是依照明、清时代建筑风格的原样装修的，门口都贴有原样的照片。但是现在还只开张了十几家，多数还在装修。跟前门大街垂直的有很多胡同，北京著名的“大栅栏”和八大胡同也在其中。

街道的路灯有两种，很有特色，一种是鸟笼路灯，就是两个鸟笼挂在一个架子上，另一种是三个拨浪鼓连在一起，像一个个糖葫芦串。路灯底下是长凳和圆凳，长凳比较普通，但圆凳是大鼓的形状。还有许多花坛，花盆是大缸的样子，是古铜色的。整条大街古色古香……

我走在前门大街上，感受到了老北京的繁华……

大家好，我是这次旅游的导游，我姓方，大家可以叫我方导！

现在快到目的地——北京天坛，所以我先给大家将一些注意事项：“礼貌、卫生、秩序、眼看手勿动、禁止乱涂乱画”这五点，记得哦！

乘客们，旅游景点已到，请大家有秩序的下车！现在我们来到了天坛的正门，这里是皇帝前来祭祀时进出的大门。现在，就让我一一地为大家介绍吧！

天坛，1998年11月被列入《世界遗产名录》。它位于北京城南端，是明、清两代皇帝祭祀天地之神和祈祷五谷丰收的地方。天坛不仅是中国古建筑中的明珠，也是世界建筑史上的瑰宝。

天坛东西长1700米，南北宽1600米，种面积为273万平方米。天坛包括圜丘和祈谷二坛，围墙分内外两层，呈回字形。北围墙为孤圆形，南围墙与东西墙成直角相交，为方形。这种南方北圆，通称“天地墙”，象徽古代“天圆地方”之说。

以上就是天坛的故事，时间不早了，现在，大家自由参观拍照吧！——转眼间，我们的北京天坛一日游又结束了，大家有秩序的坐车回家吧！

Good morning Ladies and Gentlemen:

My name is ___. I’m very honored to be youre guide. I do hope all of youcould like my guiding and enjoy everything on your pleasant day. This morning weare going to visit the Summer Palace. The Summer Palace is located on thenorthwest suburbs of Beijing, about 20 kilometers away from the center of thecity. So it will take us about 1 hour to get there. Before we arrived at theSummer Palace, I would like to introduce you a brief introduction of thewoderful imperial garden. The Summer Palace is the most beautiful and thelargest imperial garden existing in Chinan, and it is the best-preservedimperial garden in the world. In 1998, it was placed on the List of WorldCultural Heritage by the UNESCO.

The Summer Palace was first built as an imperial garden at the beginning of12th century in the Jin Dynasty. The construction continued to the Yuan and Mingdynasties. In the Qing Dynasty, the building of imperial gardens reached itsculmination. During Emperor Qianlong’s reign, the famous ‘Three Hills and FiveGardens’ were built on the northwest suburbs of Beijing. The Summer Palace was apart of it and at that time was called the Garden of Clear Ripples. In 1860, theAnglo-French Allied Forces invaded Beijing. The ‘Three Hills and Five Gardens’were burnt down to ashes.

In 1888, the Empress Dowager Cixi spent the navy fund having the Garden ofClear Ripples rebuilt. And then she renamed it the Garden of Nurtured Harmony(Summer Palace).

In 1900, the Allied Forces of Eight Powers invaded Beijing. The SummerPalace was once again severely damaged. It was rebuilt again in 1902.

In 1924, the Last Emperor Puyi was driven out of the palace, after that,the Summer Palace was turned into a public park.

Ladies and Gentlemen, please look over there, in front of us is an archway.It is called “Emptiness and the collection of excellence”, and it is the firstscenery of the Summer Palace. The two Chinese words on the front side of thearchway mean emptiness and refer to everything in nature and in the scenery. Thetwo words on the back side mean Collection of Excellence and refer to thetranquility of the beautiful scenery just within the garden.

(outside the East Palace Gate)

Now, we have arrived at the East Palace Gate. It’s the main entrance of theSummer Palace. On top of the gate there is a plaque with three Chinesecharacters ‘The Summer Palace’ in Emperor Guangxu’s handwriting. The gate thatwe are now entering was used by the emperor, the empress only in the olddays.

(Inside the East Palace Gate)

Now we are inside the Summer Palace. In front of us is the second gate ofthe Summer Palace— the Gate of Benevolence and Longevity. The annex halls onboth sides were used for officials on duty and the offices of the Privy Council.Well, Before we start our tour in the garden, I will briefly introduce you thelayout of the Summer Palace and our tour route. O.K., ladies and gentlemen, mayI have your attention please? Let’s look at the map together, From it we can seethe Summer Palace covers an area of 290 hectares, which the lake occupies thethree-fourths. The whole garden can be divide into three parts: the area was forpolitical activities, resting places of the emperor and empress, and sightseeingareas. Our tour will start from the area of the political activities, and endoff the Marble Boat. On the way, we will visit the main constructions of theSummer Palace, such as the Hall of Jade Ripples, the Hall of Happiness andLongevity, the Long Corridor, the Hall of Dispelling Clouds and so on. It willtake us about two hours to visit the Summer Palace. Please attention, we won’twalk back and our driver will pick us up at the North Gate. Should you get lostor separated from the group, please meet us at the North Gate.

Ok, everyone, let’s start our tour from the emperors’ office --- the Hallof Benevolence and Longevity. Follow me please.

(Inside the courtyard of the Benevolence and Longevity)

Passing through the Gate of Benevolence and Longevity, we have alreadyentered the courtyard of the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity. The huge rock infront of us is Taihu Rock. It was quarried from Taihu Lake in Jiangsu Province,so it was known as Taihu Rock. Please look around the courtyard and you can seethere are four grotesque shaped rocks placed in each corner of this courtyard,representing the four seasons of the year. The Taihu Rocks are usually used asdecoration for beautifying gardens and they are thin, crease, leak andpenetration in characters.

The bronze mythical animal behind the Taihu Rock is known as Suanni or somepeople call it Qilin. According to ancient Chinese mythology, the dragon hadnine sons, but none of them became a real dragon. Suanni was one of the ninesons of the dragon. It was an auspicious animal that could avoid evil spirits inancient lengeds. Suanni has the head of dragon, the antlers of dear, the hoovesof ox and the tail of lion.

(In front of the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity)

This grand hall is the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity. It was firstbuilt in 1750. The name of this hall taken from a book entitled ‘Lun Yu’ byConfucius doctrine means, “ those who are benevolent can enjoy a long life.”This hall was the place where Emperor Guangxu and Empress Dowager Cixi heldaudience and handled state affairs when they were in the Summer Palace. Forprotecting the historical cultural relic, we couldn’t enter the hall. So I wouldlike to briefly introduce you the decorations in the Hall of Benevolence andLongevity. The arrangement of the hall has been left untouched. In the middle ofthe hall stands an emperor’s throne carved with nine dragons on design. Thereare two big fans on both sides behind the throne which are made of peacockfeathers. Behind the throne there is a big screen with red sandalwood frame andglass mirror inlaid. On the mirror there are 226 Chinese characters of the word‘Longevity’ written in different styles. There are two scrolls on each side ofthe wall with a big Chinese character ‘Longevity’ written on it. It was saidthat the word ‘Longevity’ written by Empress Dowager Cixi. There are 100 batspainted at the background of the scroll symbolizing happiness.

Well, please look up the two pairs of incense burners in the shape of adragon and a phoenix in front of the hall. They were used to burn incense sticksto create the appropriate atmosphere. In the old days, the dragon and phoenixwere the symbol of the emperor and empress. According to ritual, the dragonsshould be placed in the center while phoenixes were to either side in front ofthe hall.However, here, the dragons are off to the sides and the phoenixes arein the middle. This was a product of the end of Qing Dynasty when EmpressDowager Cixi handled state affairs behind the screen.

(At the entrance of Garden of virtuour Harmony)

We are now visiting the Garden of Virtuous Harmony, where Emperor Qianlongand Empress Dowager Cixi were entertained with Bejing Opera performances. Itmainly consists of the Dressing House, the Grand Theater Building and the Hallof Pleasure Smile. The Grand Theater Building was known as the ‘Cradle ofBeijing Opera’ was uniquely laid out and magnificently decorated. There are 7exhibition halls with articles of daily use on display here.

(In front of the Grand Theater Building)

This is the Grand Theater Building. Of the three main theater buildings ofthe Qing Dynasty, the Grand Theater Building is the tallest and largest one. Theother two are Changyin Pavilion in the Forbidden City and Qingyin Pavilion inthe Mountain Resort in Chengde. The Grand Theater Building, a three-storiedstructure, has a double roof with upturned eaves. It is 21 meters high and 17meters wide. Performances could be staged simultaneously on three levels. Thetop one was a symbol of happiness, the middle level was emolument level and thebottom stage was named longevity stage. Each level has the entrance and theexit. There are some trapdoors in the ceiling and below the floor for ‘celestialbeing’ to fly down from the sky and the ‘devils’ to appear from the earth to setoff a certain atmosphere on the stage. There is also a well and five ponds builtunder the stage for a good effect of water scenes. The stage is open to threesides.

Well, please look at the construction that stands right opposite the GrandTheater Building, it’s the Hall of Pleasure Smile. The Empress Dowager Cixi usedbo sit inside the hall to watch and enjoy the Peking Opera.

(A lakeside walk from the Garden of virtuous Harmony to the Hall of JadeRipples)

We are now standing in the middle of a rockery behind the Hall ofBenevolence and Longevity. It appears that there’s nothing special ahead.However, after we clear the rockery, we will reach Kunming Lake. This is anapplication of a specific style of Chinese

gardening.

Now, we are walking along the bank of the Kunming Lake. Look over there,not far away in the lake there is an islet. It’s called the Spring HeraldingIslet. The pavilion on the islet is called the Spring Heralding Pavilion. Anumber of willow trees and peach trees were planted on this islet. In earlyspring, when the ice begins to melt, peach trees are red in pink blossoms,willow trees turn a tender green signaling that the early spring has returned.Hence the name ‘Heralding Sping Pavilion’.

(In front of the Hall of Jade Ripples)

This group of special and quiet courtyard dwellings is the Hall of JadeRipples. The words “Jade Ripples” came from a verse “Gentle ripples gushing outof Jade Spring”, which refers to the rippling water in the lake. It was firstused by Emperor Qianlong to attend to state affairs. In the late Qing Dynasty,it was where Emperor Guangxu was put under house arrest.

This hall is a hallmark of the Movement of 1898. Emperor Guangxu wasEmperor Dowager Cixi’s nephew. After Emperor Tongzhi died, Emperor Dowager Ciximade her nephew, who was at that time four years old a successor in order tocontinue her hold on imperial power. She ‘handled state affairs behind thescreen’. After Emperor Guangxu ‘managed state affairs personally’ at the age of19, a political conflict occurred between the conservatives and the reformers.In 1898, the Reform Movement took place with the aim of sustaining the coreprinciples of the Qing Dynasty while reforming outdated laws. The movementlasted for103 days until it was suppressed by Empress Dowager Cixi. It wascalled the ‘Hundred-Day Reform’. After the reform failed, Emperor Guangxu wasput under house arrest here. For the strict control of him, Empress Dowager Cixiordered to build many brick walls in the front, back, and on the right and leftof the Hall of Jade Ripples. At that time the hall was entirely sealed up, justlike a prison. Today only the hidden walls in the east and west annex room stillmaintain its original appearance. It is open to visitors as the relic related tothe 1898 Reform Movement.

(In front of the Chamber of Collecting Books)

This is the Chamber of Collecting Books. In Chinese, it’s called “Yi YunGuang”. “Yun” was a kind of fragrant weed. In ancient times, it was usually usedas termite repellent in rooms where books were stored.In the Emperor Qianlong’sreign, the purpose of the hall was for collecting books. Later it was convertedinto a residence. There used to be the residence of Guangxu’s Empress Longyu,and his favorite concubine Zhenfei.

(In the Hall of Happiness and Longevity)

This group of courtyard is the Hall of Happiness and Longevity. It was themajor architectural structure in the living quarters and the residence ofEmpress Dowager Cixi. The whole compound was basically made of wood, which isideal for ventilation and lighting. With its quiet and tasteful layout, the Hallof Happiness and Longevity made life very easy and convenient. In front of theHall of Happiness and Longevity there is a huge rock placed in the middle ofthis courtyard named “Qing Zhi Xiu” and nicknamed as “Family Bankruptcy Rock”.This huge rock was discovered in Fangshan District by a Ming official MiWanzhong. He wanted to transport it to his own garden “Shaoyuan”. In the olddays, transporting such rock was very difficult. After spending all his money toship it, he still could not succeed in doing this. The big rock was then left onthe roadside somewhere near Liangxiang County, 30 kilometers southwest ofBeijing. Hence it was nicknamed “Family Bancruptcy Rock”. Later Emperor Qianlongdiscovered it and transported to the Garden of Clear Ripples and laid in frontof the Hall of Happiness and Longevity. The colorful glass chandeliers hanginginside the hall was introduced from Germany in 1903. It is one of the earliestelectric lights in China.

(In front of the Gate of Inviting the Moon of the Long Corridor)

Ladies and Gentlemen, you may have visited some of the best museums in theworld, such as the Louvre in France and the Museum of Great Britain. Now I willshow you a special gallery in the palace—the Long Corridor. In 1990, the LongCorridor was listed in the Guinness Book of World Records as ‘the longestpainted corridor’ in the world’. It would be a pity if we leave the SummerPalace without visiting the Long Corridor and the Marble Boat. Now, here we go,the Long Corridor first!

(Strolling along the Long Corridor)

The Long Corridor starts from the Gate Inviting the Moon to the ShizhangGate. It is 728 meters long and consists of 273 sections. The Long corridor isone of the major structures of the Summer Palace. Since the corridor wasdesigned to follow the physical features of the southern slope of LongevityHill, four multiple-eaved, octagonal pavilions ( Retaining the GoodnessPavilion, Living with the Ripples Pavilion, Autumn Water Pavilion, Clear and FarPavilion) were placed at bends and undulation, they represent four seaons of ayear. Thus visitors will hardly notice the rise and fall of the terrain. As amajor part of the architectural style of the Summer Palace, the Long Corridorserves as an ingenious connector between the Lake and the Hill. Scatteredbuildings on the southern slope were linked to create a unified complex.

The Long Corridor is the longest covered veranda in any Chinese garden. Onthe purlins and beams of the covered veranda, there are over 14,000 Suzhou stylepaintings. Among them, there are 546 color paintings relating to the scenes ofWest Lake in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Beside the colorful paintings ofnatural scenery, there are also scenes of flowers, birds, fish, insects,mythology and figures. The paintings of figures are mainly adapted from ancientChinese classical literature, such as ‘Pilgrimage to the West’, ‘The Romance ofthe Three Kingdoms’, ‘The western Chamber’, “Water Margin’, and ‘The Dream ofthe Red Mansion’.

(In front of the Gate of Dispelling Clouds)

Now we are approaching the central part of the structures on the lakesideslope, the Tower of Buddhist Incense within the Hall of Dispelling Clouds. Thecentral axis line starts from the wharf next to the lake to the Sea of Wisdom ontop of the Hill. The main architectural structures here are the Gate ofDispelling Clouds, Hall of Dispelling clouds, Tower of Buddhist Incense and theSea of Wisdom, which altogether form a splendid three-dimensional landscape. Thelayout of this group of architectures was based on scenes described in Buddhistsutras. This group of structures are among the most magnificently constructedhere in the Summer Palace. This is a good place to taking photos, we will stayhere for about 15 minutes.

Now we are walking continuely along the Long Corridor, the next scene weare going to visit is Marble Boat.

Look over there! Halfway up the slope there stands the Hall of Listening toOrioles. It was the place for emperor and empress to enjoy opera and courtmusic. It is said the singing of orioles is very pleasing. Before the Garden ofVirtuous Harmony was built, Empress Dowager Cixi enjoyed opera and music here.Now the hall is one of the most famous restaurants in China, featuring imperialdishes and desserts.

This is the famous Marble Boat. A famous scientist of China’s Eastern HanDynasty once said, “Water can float the boat, but it can also tip it over.” Aprime minister of Tang Dynasty Wei Zheng once used these words to persuade LiShimin, the emperor of the Tang Dynasty. He said people are water and theemperor is the boat. People can support a good emperor. However, they also canoverthrow the dynasty. Emperor Qianlong built this huge boat in the Garden inorder to make the allusion concrete. On one hand, Emperor Qianlong encouragedhimself to run the country well. On the other hand, he wanted to show that hisrule of the Qing Dynasty was as firm as the Marble Boat and there was no fear ofoverturning the boat. The Marble Boat was the place for Emperor Qianlong tosample tea and enjoy the scenery of Kunming Lake. Emperor Qianlong once camehere to engage in the freeing of captive animals. In the times of Qianlong, theMarble Boat was a Chinese styled stone boat with a Chinese style woodensuperstructure on the top of it. When it was rebuilt in the times of Guangxu, aforeign and Chinese elements mixed resulting in two wheels to be added to theboat, one on each side. The floor was paved with colored bricks. All of thewindows were inlaid with multiple-colored glass. A big mirror was installed onthe superstructure for viewing rain.

Our tour is drawing to a close after we visited the Marble Boat. Today weonly visited the major scenic spots of the Summer Palace. I have left otherspots of interest for your next visit. I will now show you out through the RuyiGate. Our coach is waiting for us outside the gate. I do hope you enjoyedtoday’s tour. Thank you.

(进午门之后)进了故宫，大家首先看见的就是人……为什么这么多人来到这里呢?因为明朝永乐年间，一百万劳工花了十四年的时间修筑起来的故宫是世界是最大的宫殿，非常有名。每天都有数万名游客来这里观光。

故宫的面积约是天安门广场的两倍，比凡尔赛宫殿还大，是日本平安神宫的十倍左右。故宫的历史开始于570年前，请大家把思绪拉回到570年前来游览故宫吧!

这个建筑是故宫朝南的正门，叫作午门。午是正晌午时的午，是位于正中的意思。午门的下面，有五个拱门，正中间的门只有皇帝才能出入，即使地位很高的大臣，也只能使用两侧的门;地方上的诸候只能使用最两端的小门。这些都是根据身份，等级来严格规定的。过去，只有皇后在结婚的时候，才能从午门进入一次，其它女性一律禁止出入午门。当然现在是谁都可以进啦。过去对皇帝的心腹都是这样严厉，一般百姓就更不用提啦。连靠近故宫都不行。所以，这个故宫又被称作紫禁城。紫是紫色的紫。过去有天帝之子，老子住的地方当然也得是紫色的宫殿才中!于是，用了个紫字。禁就是禁止入内的禁字，也就是禁止随便进放的意思。

这正中的路是皇帝专用的。这条但是故宫的中轴线，也是整个北京城的中轴线。北京的主要建筑大多都沿着这个中轴线而建，两边的建筑也多是对称的。皇帝的宫殿位于这中轴线的中间，显示着”普天之下，唯我独尊”。这条路是用大理石铺成的。请看，这大理石路比两边的路高出一块儿来。当皇帝将走这段路时，还要在上面铺上地毯之类的东西，这样就高了。所以纵然皇帝身材短小，在这上面一走，也显得高大伟岸!

皇帝是了不起的”爷们儿”，这中间的门也是了不起的”爷门儿”。每当皇帝经过这中间的门时，都要敲响大钟、大鼓伴奏才行。皇帝就这样迈着步子：咚咚---咚咚咚咚---咚---咚真戳威严无比!皇帝打心眼儿里感觉到：看!还是老子伟大!下面，我们大家也假装当回皇帝，体会一下皇帝走路的感觉吧!

(在太和门前)这个建筑叫太和门，是故宫里最大的木制大门。在这个大门的前面，放有一对狮子，这是明代用青铜的。狮子强悍，吼声震天，使百兽惧怕，放在这里，代表着皇帝的威严。那里有个石头做的像邮筒似的东西，那是大臣，诸候求皇帝时，要写申请书放在里边，由皇帝的仆人转达给皇帝：”万岁，此人求见，可以吗?””好。””是，遵命。”就可以有进了。如果皇帝狱：”不行!”那求见的人就会被撵走。和它相对称的那边，还有一个石头做成的东西，它的形状像一个大印，象征着皇帝的权力。也就是说：老子的权力坚如磐石，不管世间有何变动，老子的权力永远不变!

(经过太和门之后)前面的大殿叫太和殿，是故宫内最大的建筑物，并且是过去北京城最高的建筑物。皇帝下令：任何人的房子也不能高出老子的房子。所以京城只好建了平房，北京过去曾被称为”平房之都”。

下边的广场是太和殿广场，为什么要建这么大的广场呢?如果不建这个广场或是建个小广场，那么，人们就不会感觉到太和殿的雄伟壮观。只有建这么大的广场，站在这里向对面看去：蓝天之下，黄瓦生辉。再加上下面白色的石台，给人以豪华绚烂之感。举行大典的时候，皇帝坐在太和殿正中的御座;文武百官跪伏在广场。那时还要往石台上的大鼎里放入绿叶松枝燃烧，弄得烟雾缭绕，太和殿直就像云中楼阁一样，文武百官仰望着云中楼阁呼万岁，坐在御座上的皇帝感觉是多么良好，就可想而知啦。

(在太和殿广场)尽管故宫周围有十米高的城墙和52米宽的护城河，皇帝还是担心有人挖地道钻进故宫暗杀他，吓得睡不好觉，，绞尽脑汁想了个办法，就是把广场用十五层砖横、竖交叉地铺严实了，才终于放下心来。从这件事也可以看出，当时的权力斗争是何等激烈!当然在大典时，文武百官三呼万岁，但皇帝还是怀有戒心：这里面，这家伙，那家伙，说不定哪个家伙想暗杀老子，不注意哪行!这广场的砖层大约有三、四米深。

(在太和殿的石台上)这个由石头做成的东西叫嘉量，嘉量是当时的标准度量衡，表示皇帝公平处事，谁半斤，谁八两，心里自然有数。对面还有一个石头做成的东西，叫作日晷。发音和日记一样，但不是日记，是用来看时间的石头表。皇帝的意思是：重量和时间的基准都在老子这里。

那边有鹤和龟，”千年仙鹤，万年龟”，是长寿的象征。不过，中国和日本不同，是颠倒过来说的，叫作”万年仙鹤，千年龟”。为什么说法不一样呢?大概是过去日本的留学生在中国学了词句之后，乘船归国途中，由于船的颠簸使头脑产生混乱，记颠倒了。还有许多例子，如：日本讲良妻贤母，中国讲贤妻良母;日本讲平和，中国讲和平;日本讲法政大学，而在中国叫作政法大学。文章的意思完全一样，但只是顺序不同，大概就是乘船颠簸所致。那鹤和龟不单是一种装饰物，也是一种香炉。它们的背都盖着盖儿，每当大典时，就把盖掀起来，放入檀香燃烧，那烟就从它们的嘴里缓缓溢出，就好像它们都在吞云吐雾一样。

请大家从石台上回头看广场。我们进了故宫之后还没有看见过树。为什么在这么宽阔的地方连一树都不种呢?……不是为了防止暗杀，而是为了制造气氛。如果种了树，郁郁葱葱一片绿，鸟儿在上面又唱又叫的，就会呈现出生活的气息。如果不种绎，就会产生庄严的气氛。我们来想像一下：过去大臣、诸候要见皇帝时，全都得从天安门走着进来，走在宽阔的路上看着高大的建筑，在庄严肃穆的气氛中，大臣、诸候就会越走越感到压力沉重，当走到皇帝面前时，就会自然地双腿打着哆嗦跪下来了。

中国历史上最后一个皇帝---爱新觉罗.溥仪三岁时当上皇帝的，他即位时的御座就在太和殿的正中。现在开始五分钟自由活动，五分钟后在那凉快的地方集合。

到北京的第一天，老妈想让我感受一下高等学府的浓郁氛围，就带我去参观了北京大学。

一到北大，我就被校门吸引住了，北大的校门古色古香，令人赞叹不已……大门有4米多高，朱红的大门和绿色的琉璃瓦显示了最高学府的特色，真是不同凡响;“北京大学”四个大字苍劲有力。

进了校门，我们参观了北京大学的“一塔湖图”，大家一定很奇怪吧，中国著名的北京大学怎么会一塌糊涂呢?嘿嘿，错了，“一塔湖图”的塔是灯塔的塔，湖是湖水的湖，图呢，则是图书的图。为什么要叫“一塔湖图”呢?因为北京大学有一座塔叫博雅塔，是北京大学缺水时期造的一座十三层的水塔，塔中有一座很深的井，后来废弃不用，成为北京大学著名的三大景点之一。还有一片湖，叫未名湖，湖水清澈见底，湖里长满了荷花，在未名湖，不论是晨练还是晨读，都是神清气爽的。图是图书馆，北京大学的图书馆是亚洲学校图书馆中藏书最多的图书馆，在那里，天下大事都看得到。

我最喜欢里面的图书馆了，北京大学的图书馆已有一百多年的历史。李大钊、毛泽东等革命前辈都曾在这里工作过。经过不断扩建，今天已成为亚洲高校第一大馆。目前藏书五百三十多万册，居全国高校首位。哦!在这个图书馆里博览群书，不聪明才怪呢!今天虽然已经放假了，但我们依然在图书馆里看到有许多同学在看书，这让我非常感慨：北大学生如此努力刻苦，这或许就是北大的精神吧!

老妈说：“北大是全国最好的学校之一，最关键的不仅他有最好的老师，而且因为每一学子都坚守着北大精神。”

今天我终于领悟到了这一点，就是要积极进取和追求进步，追求科学!

长城英文导游词5篇

长城是世界文化遗产,历史上长城城堡是长城沿线重要的军事类城镇,也是长城防御体系不可分割的组成部分。下面是第一范文网为大家带来的长城英文导游词，希望可以帮助大家。

1：长城英文导游词

Dear passengers, everyone! I am your tour guide lily pula, you can call me ho. This is very honored to visit the Great Wall with you.

From a distance, the Great Wall is like a huge dragon. Close look, I cant see the other end of the Great Wall. Standing on the Great Wall, beacon tower stands on the Great Wall, like a "daruma" will never fall. The Great Wall is an important ancient defense works, from yan started to build the Great Wall, the Great Wall has a history of more than 20xx years now!

There is a touching legend about the Great Wall. When building the Great Wall, in addition to need not to build the wall over the age of 60, other youth to build the Great Wall. Suzhou scholar Fan Xiliang, in order to avoid being caught by the rulers, had to be in hiding. Once, he fled to meng garden, accidentally encountered meng jiangnu. Meng jiangnu is a smart beautiful girl, she and her parents hid the Fan Xiliang together. Two old people like Fan Xiliang, meng jiangnu betrothed to his wife. But, the person and tragedies will descend, it is the unforeseen that newly married less than three days, Fan Xiliang go by officers and soldiers to catch. Later, meng jiangnu Trinidad TiaoTiaoDe came to the Great Wall to find her husband. Who knows, migrant workers told her that Fan Xiliang is dead. She was crying at the foot of the Great Wall, I dont know how long cry, listen to "bang", the Great Wall fall down a few kilometers.

The passengers, please do not throw garbage everywhere, and in the scribble on the ChengZhuan moment. We are to meet at 7 in the gate.

2：长城英文导游词

As the saying goes, "not a true man unless he comes to the Great Wall", climb the Great Wall have the constancy, and never quit the perseverance and determination, cant give up halfway! We can watch while climbing. Ill introduce the Great Wall for everybody: the Great Wall is composed of GuanCheng, beacon tower pier of watchtowers, smoke, and the barbican, wall, wall, the crenel, perforation, hole, etc. Beacon tower pier and smoke is used to transfer the situation of the enemy. In smoke on the pier burning smoke during the day, how much smoke the heap represents the number of enemy soldiers. Night cant see the smoke, a fire on the beacon tower. This way of passing information at that time is the most rapid and most effective, the beacon tower has played a very big effect.

At this moment, I saw a kid to climb on the wall. I put him down for everyone, said: "please note that cant climb on the wall, it is very dangerous. Outside the wall is dangerous mountain, its no fun to fall down!" Here, Ill tell you something about a story about the Great Wall: once upon a time, a man named meng jiangnu, she went to send clothes for repairing the husband of the Great Wall. She reached the Great Wall, but didnt find her husband. She hurriedly ask others, others say that he had been buried in the Great Wall. Her sad cry, cry for many years, finally, her tears fell the Great Wall, finally saw her husband.

The Great Wall is very beautiful, very spectacular, winding, welcome you to touring!

3：长城英文导游词

The tourists everybody is good, today Ill guide you to visit the Great Wall.

Look, far see the Great Wall it is like a long dragon, in between the mountains winding. From shanhaiguan east to west of jiayuguan, has more than thirteen thousand.

Now we have come to the Great Wall. This section of the Great Wall built in badaling, tall and strong, it is built against the huge stone and ChengZhuan. With square brick on the top of the wall, very smooth, like a wide road, WuLiuPi mark in parallel. Outside walls along the rows of buttress has two meters high, buttress on the square? At the mouth and a nozzle for? With hope and shot. On the top of the wall, every three hundred meters there is a square ChengTai, station troops fortress, war, between the ChengTai can mutual echo.

Now we are standing on the Great Wall, stepping at the foot of the square brick, holding the stone on the wall, you will naturally think of the ancient working people to build the Great Wall. Single the countless stone, a piece of have two or three one thousand catties, at that time there were no trains, cars, no crane this steep ridge, rely on countless countless hands, shoulders to the time of the working people is great.

Such boldness of vision of the male project, in the history of the world but a great miracle!

Is the majestic of the Great Wall, the male of vast gray not let us deeply intoxicated? Then let you to use your experience.

4：长城英文导游词

Dear visitors:

Everybody is good! Everybody call me weeks. Today, I take you to visit the Great Wall of world-famous. During the visit, please protect the cultural heritage, the wall graffito of the scribble not, not disorderly garbage.

Chairman MAO once said: "not a true man unless he comes to the Great Wall." As a Chinese people why dont we go visit? Right! Now we will go when men, mounted the former see head, after the end of the Great Wall. There is a touching legend about the Great Wall: intelligent and hardworking meng jiangnu, in order to find the officers and soldiers to catch to built the Great Walls husband, all the way to the Great Wall. After more than doubling about, but learned that her husband is alive dead tired! The news like a bolt from the blue, meng jiangnu cry for three days and three nights at the foot of the Great Wall, "bang" 1, the Great Wall in 800.

Now we are standing on the badaling Great Wall, stepping at the foot of the square brick, holding the stone on the wall. Tourists, look at the countless stone, a two or three one thousand catties, at that time there were no trains, cars, no crane, rely on countless countless hands, shoulders step by step, carry on the steep mountains. Look at these, you can think of the Great Wall is perhaps the epitome of many working people sweat and wisdom.

The beauty of the Great Wall, also dont say dont say it now, please walk to enjoy!

5：长城英文导游词

"North scenery, freeze, you spend a lot. Look inside and outside the Great Wall, but a more vast..." Hello everyone, I am the guide from the trip - xue guides. This time we will go to one of the historical and cultural heritage, the Great Wall.

The Great Wall from the qin dynasty began to build, to resist the invasion of the huns was built. From jiayuguan to shanhaiguan, full length more than thirteen thousand. Today well visit the Great Wall at badaling. You see, it is tall and strong, with huge stone and ChengZhuan built in. Everyone to see, on the top of the walls covered with square brick, very smooth, like a wide road, WuLiuPi mark in parallel. Outside walls along the rows of buttress has two meters high, there are square lookout on buttress mouth and nozzle, is for the benefit of the outlook and shooting. On the top of the wall, every three hundred meters there is a square ChengTai, is the bulwark of station troops. War, between the ChengTai can mutual echo.

Everyone look at the countless stone, with 2 - one thousand catties a there was no train, car, no crane, rely on countless countless hands and shoulders, step by step and carried on the steep mountains. How many working people sweat and wisdom, to condense into the former does not see the head, after the end of the Great Wall.

Everyone who knows the great probably how many people died? To fix the working people of the Great Wall with ninety-six percent of people are in the process of the Great Wall and completed less than two weeks to death. "Meng jiangnu cry the Great Wall" is to prove it. Is really "the dead times comparable to hurt, still hold pestle" zombies!

Now, there are many people on the wall disorderly painting, carving, and litter. If you want to keep the beauty of the Great Wall, dont damage the Great Wall. It is built against the many working peoples wisdom and sweat! Let us act, to protect the Great Wall, to protect the motherland good things!

Visitors, now we have the Great Wall, the end of the todays trip to the Great Wall. Thank you for your support, we see you next time.

北京龙庆峡被人们誉为北京的“小漓江”。龙庆峡水库高耸的大坝相连着两座山，其宽有四五十米，大坝犹如一把白色的巨锁把龙锁住了。登上大坝俯瞰北面，墨绿色的水面倒影着山峦和白云。东西的两座山，峭壁直立，象刀切似的，足有几十丈高，“龙庆峡”可能由此峡而得名。当你划船而渡，大有“山重水复疑无路”、“柳暗花明又一村”之感。水似飘罗带，曲曲弯弯，山不转水转，仿佛永无尽头，每转一山就是一景。那千姿百态的山和石，有的像出鞘的剑，有的像举起的大锤，有的像昂首的虎，有的像扭着头的象……因此人们根据它们的形状取名为“震山如来”、“鸡冠子山”、“金缸山”等等。

两边的崖岸之上，有镇山如来、石熊跳岩、九连洞、鸡冠山、金刚山、马蹄潭、将军岩、金刚寺遗址等奇峰怪石，堪称“塞外一绝”。它既有塞外的雄奇，又兼有江南的秀丽，可与桂林的漓江、长江的三峡相媲美。是北京十六景之一。

各位旅客朋友们：

大家好!

龙庆峡风景区位于延庆县城东北10公里的古城村西北的古城河口，距北京城区85公里。龙庆峡古称“古城九曲”，其水源于海坨山东麓，经玉都山汇入古城水库。地理位置

该景区集南方山水的妩媚秀丽和北方山水的雄浑壮观于一体，峡谷曲折蜿蜒，河水幽长碧绿。两岸山崖险峻，森林茂密，裸露的石灰岩形成奇特造型，特别是长年被水浸蚀所形成的溶洞和洞中的石笋、石柱、石断层，与漓江山石极相似，只是当您抬头观望山峰时，才可感到北方峰崖的雄伟峻峭。

景区发展

景区内的古城水库始建于1973年，历时8年竣工。库区面积119平方公里，可蓄水850万立方米。这一人工湖的建成，既解决了灌溉用水，也使景区更加绚丽多姿。最为壮观的是矗立于古城河口72米高的双曲拱坝，可谓京郊第一。大坝与仿古建筑“玉都山庄”构成美丽的景观。夏秋两季，游人乘船到峡谷游览，最为惬意。在峡区的几座山顶上，新建了30多座形如向日葵的彩色凉亭龙庆峡景区内有许多名胜佳迹：神仙院、玉皇顶、棋盘石、魔王树、天池、金刚寺以及附近的萧太后宫等。1991年，景区为向现代化旅游区发展，增设了一些游乐项目，如“魔幻世界”、“碰碰车”、“无幕影院”等。从一九八七年开始每到严冬时节，龙庆峡总要举办一年一度的冰灯艺术节。龙庆峡的冰灯，办出了自己的特色。

景区特色

历年的冰灯有不同的主题，一组组冰灯、彩灯，既蕴含着人们丰富的智慧和创造力，又给游人带来美的享受。加上声、光、电的巧妙设计， 更使龙庆峡的冰灯艺术充满魅力。历届冰灯节的主题尽管不同，但顺水库大坝飞流直下的冰瀑奇观，却年年保留，70米高的巨坝上垂下巨大冰瀑，下饰冰花、冰柱，形成一座飞流千尺晶莹剔透的冰雪乐园。美丽的龙庆峡冰灯艺术节，带给游人一片欢乐。

龙庆峡景点

鸡冠山：又称独秀峰、凤冠岛。三面环水，一峰独处。山顶至水面约70米，从正面看酷似一只卧着的公鸡，是龙庆峡的标志性景观。 神仙院：位于景区最高峰，距水面200多米，院内有古松，高24.7米，胸径约0.6米，树龄约320xx年。神仙院分为上下两院，玉皇阁和神茶馆。 百花洞：长320米，展区面积3000平方米，人造花草树木1650种，以鸟兽动物点缀其中。百花洞分为繁花似锦、热带雨林、北国风光、江南小景、百花朝凰等景观。

前门大街是北京非常著名商业街。位于京城中轴线，北起前门月亮湾，南至天桥路口，与天桥南大街相连。明嘉靖二十九年(1550)建外城前是皇帝出城赴天坛、山川坛的御路，建外城后为外城主要南北街道。民众俗称前门大街。大街长845米，行车道宽20米。明、清至民国时皆称正阳门大街。1965年正式定名为前门大街。

明、清至民国时皆称正阳门大街，民众俗称前门大街。1965年正式定名为前门大街。明代前门大街是正东坊和正西坊的分界线，

前门大街旧景以街中心分界，东属正东坊，西属正西坊。又因正阳门是京师正门，故前门大街一带比其他城门大街宽。在城市建制上，明北京城突破了元代所遵循的"前朝后市"的定制，正阳门周围以及南至鲜鱼口、廊房胡同一带，形成了大商业区。明朝中叶，由于商业的发达，前门大街 两侧出现了鲜鱼口、猪(珠)市口、煤市口、粮食店等集市和街道，前门大街才成为一条商业街。北京最著名的"大栅栏儿"也在其中。明嘉靖以后，各省市在京做官的人为了解决进京应试举子的住宿问题，在前门大街两厢建立了各地会馆。举人们常到前门大街来购买生活用品或饮酒作乐，这样也促使前门大街成为一条繁华的商业街道。清初把东城的灯市挪到前门一带，而且为了维护皇权的尊严，戏院、茶园、妓院只准许开设在城外，于是前门大街较前又有了进一步的繁荣。

清代大街两侧陆续形成了许多专业集市，如鲜鱼市、肉市、果子市、布市、草市、猪市、粮食市、珠宝市、瓜子市等。附近胡同内随之出现许多工匠作坊、货栈、车马店、旅店、会馆以及庆乐、三庆、华乐等戏园。大街的席棚之房逐渐改建成砖木结构的正式房，形成了东、西侧房后有里街的三条街。东侧里街为肉市街、布巷子、果子市，西侧里街为珠宝市、粮食市。前门外正街的店铺创立时间大部分晚于里街的店铺，路东有全聚德烤鸭店、便宜坊烤鸭店、会仙居炒肝店、永安堂药铺、黑猴帽店、都一处烧麦馆、正阳楼饭庄、瑞生祥、九龙斋鲜果店、通三益干果海味店、正明斋饽饽铺等。路西及西里街有永增和钱庄、瑞蚨祥绸布店、天蕙斋鼻烟店、同仁堂药铺、六必居酱菜园、一条龙羊肉馆等。

前门大街清末，前门大街已有夜市。光绪二十七年(1901)后，在前门箭楼东、西两侧设立了前门火车站东站西站，前门大街成为北京同外省联系的交通枢纽。20世纪50年代初，前门地区共有私营商业基本户800余家。前门大街东侧从北往南有大北照相馆、庆林春茶叶店、通三益果品海味店、力力餐厅、天成斋饽饽铺、便宜坊烤鸭店、老正兴饭庄、普兰德洗染店、亿兆棉织百货商店、前门五金店等店铺。前门大街 北起前门月亮湾，南至天桥路口，全长845米，仅前门大街两侧，建筑面积就共计6.6万平方米，约容纳180家商户。

广和楼又名"广和查楼"或"查楼"，是前门大街不可不看的一处景观，这里封存着老北京对梨园文化最初的记忆。广和楼建于明末，曾为京城最早最出名的戏楼，与华乐楼、广德楼、第一舞台并称为京城四大戏园。查楼本是私家花园里的戏楼，它的繁华初始于康熙年间。那时查楼已经不再是私家园林里的寂寞台榭，改成了对外营业的茶园，初名查家茶楼、查家楼，后改称广和茶楼。康熙曾到此看戏，并赐台联，一时间风光无量。改革开放以来，随着电影、电视等新潮文化"入侵"，许多老戏园在城市建设的推土机里化为灰烬，广和楼虽然有幸免于劫难，但为了维持生计，它放过电影，举办过交谊舞比赛，还一度做过游戏厅，广和楼也因此改名广和剧场。自1996年后，这里再也没有举行过京剧演出。

20世纪50年代初，前门地区共有私营商业基本户800余家。

前门大街夜景 前门大街东侧从北往南有大北照相馆、庆林春前门大街茶叶店、通三益果品海味店、力力餐厅、天成斋饽饽铺、便宜坊烤鸭店、老正兴饭庄、普兰德洗染店、亿兆棉织百货商店、前门五金店等店铺;西侧从北往南有月盛斋酱肉铺、华孚钟表店、庆颐堂药店、一条龙羊肉馆、盛锡福帽店、公兴文化用品店、祥聚公饽饽铺、龙顺成木器门市部、前门大街麻绳店、前门自行车商店、前门信托商店等店铺。1979年以后，在原有老字号商店和传统经营特色基本保留下来的同时，又陆续开设了五金交电、服装百货、自行车、食品、钟表、化工油漆等新店。前门大街悠久的历史，造就了这里的许多中华老字号，如六必居酱园、同仁堂药店、瑞蚨祥绸布店、长春堂药店、内联升鞋店、张一元茶庄，还有月盛斋的酱肉店、都一处的烧卖店等16处老字号分列道路两侧。

在鲜鱼口、打磨厂等胡同内，也是店铺、饭馆林立，不过这里已没有享有很高声誉的老字号，而是外地人在此开设的条件简陋的美容美发店、小饭馆。记者到时正值中午时分，每家饭馆都有一两个伙计站在店门口招徕过往行人，吆喝声此起彼伏。

亲爱的游客们，大家好，欢迎大家来到北京故宫参观，我叫戴莉蓉，大家叫我戴导好了。下面就让我来介绍一下世界遗产——故宫吧。

故宫有四个大门，依次是午门、神武门、东华门、西华门。故宫的正门叫午门，是故宫的大门，午门当中的正门平时只有皇帝才可以出入，过了午门，就等于进了故宫。故宫，又称紫禁城，是明清两代的皇宫，也是世界上现存规模最大最完整的古代木结构建筑群，它始建明永乐四年，公元1420xx年，历时20xx年才完工，共有24位皇帝先后在此登基。

故宫最吸引人的建筑是三座大殿，是太和殿，中和殿，保和殿，都是木结构，黄琉璃瓦顶，青白石底座，饰以金碧辉煌的采画，你们在游赏时，一是欣赏他们丰富多彩的建筑艺术，二是观赏陈列于室内的珍贵的文物，其中中和殿和保和殿一共收藏了100多万件的文物。

故宫是几百年前劳动人民智慧和血汗的结晶，初建时被奴役的劳动者有工匠十万，夫役百万，那时没有火车，汽车，没有起重机，每块石头往往重达几吨，如现在保和殿后檐的台阶，有一块云龙雕石重约2500吨，可见充分反映了中国古代劳动人民的高度智慧和创造的才能。

游客们，接下来的时间就让你们游赏吧，但要记住哦，垃圾请不要乱扔，以免破坏这美丽又雄伟的世界遗产。

大家好！我姓杨，大家就叫我杨导游吧！我们今天要往的目的地是北京故宫，祝愿大家旅游愉快。

大家知道吗？故宫是用了多少年才建成的？明朝永乐年间，劳动人民用了十四年的时间才修筑成现在的北京故宫，北京故宫是世界上最大的宫殿，非常有名！故宫的面积是广场的二倍，比凡尔赛宫殿还大，是日本平安神宫的十倍左右，至今已有六百多年的历史了。为了我们的故宫，请大家待会在浏览时做个文明人，不要乱扔纸屑，不要随地吐痰，谢谢大家的配合！

故宫又称紫禁城。大家知道它为什么叫紫禁城吗？由于古代的人们以为和“紫气东来”这个词语有关。传说老子出函谷关，有紫

气从东至，被守关人看见，不久老子骑着青牛而来，守关人便知这是圣人。守关人请老子写下著名的《道德经》。因此紫气便被以为具有吉祥含义，预示着圣贤和宝物出现。杜甫的《秋兴》诗曰：“西看瑶池降王母，东来紫气满涵关。”从这以后古人就把祥瑞之气称为紫云，传说中的神仙居住的地方称为紫海，将神仙称为紫泉，将城郊外的小路称为紫陌。紫气东来，象征吉祥，由此可知紫禁城的“紫”大有来关。天子居住的地方，防御森严，平常百姓难以接近，所以为紫禁城。

故宫里的龙可多了！故宫里的龙各式各样，姿态不一，数也数不清，假如让你数数这里的龙，你会记住了前面而忘记了后面。不信，你试试？！

今天大家过得开心吗？希看我的服务能为您带来方便。

清华大学(Tsinghua University)，中国综合性大学，位于北京市海淀区清华园。

清华大学的前身是清华学堂，始建于1920xx年，1920xx年更名为清华学校，1920xx年设立大学部，开始招收四年制大学生，1920xx年更名为“国立清华大学”，并于1920xx年秋开办研究院。1937年抗日战争爆发后，南迁长沙，与北京大学、南开大学联合办学，组建国立长沙临时大学，1938年迁至昆明，改名为国立西南联合大学。1946年，清华大学迁回清华园原址复校，设有文、法、理、工、农等5个学院，26个系。

1952年，全国高校院系调整后，清华大学成为一所多科性的工业大学，重点为国家培养工程技术人才，被誉为“工程师的摇篮”。1978年以来，清华大学进入了一个蓬勃发展的新时期，逐步恢复理科、经济、管理和文科类学科，并成立了研究生院和继续教育学院。1999年，原中央工艺美术学院并入，成为清华大学美术学院。在国家和教育部的大力支持下，经过“211工程”建设和“985计划”的实施，清华大学在学科建设、人才培养、师资队伍建设、科研开发以及整体办学条件方面均跃上了一个新的台阶。目前，清华大学已成为一所设有理、工、文、法、医、经济、管理和艺术等学科的综合性大学。

清华大学现有教职工7800余人，其中中国科学院院士34名、中国工程院院士26名，正高级专业技术职务1100余人。全国重点学科49个;本科专业58个，硕士学位授权点159个，博士学位授权点123个，博士后科研流动站27个。在校全日制学生27000余名，其中本科生13000余名，硕士生8600余名，博士生4600余名。有来自46个国家和地区的在校留学生及进修生1300余名，远程教育学员7500余名。学校现有国家重点实验室11个，国家专业实验室2个，教育部重点实验室14个、体育总局社会科学研究基地1个、科技部重点实验室1个、教育部网上合作研究中心6个、教育部人文社科重点研究基地3个，教育部网上研究中心6个。学校藏书400余万册。学校占地面积400余公顷，建筑面积230余万平方米。出版物有《清华大学学报》(分自然科学版、英文版、哲学社会科学版)、《世界建筑》、《装饰》、《清华大学教育研究》等。

清华大学治学严谨，有着较高的学术水平和教学质量。清华大学传承“培养具有为国家社会服务之健全品格的人才”的教育理念，建校至今，共培养了11万余名学生，其中包括一大批中华民族引以为自豪的治学大师、兴业英才和治国栋梁。他们中有竺可桢、高士其、姜立夫、段学复、张子高、杨石先、叶企荪、周培源、钱三强、王淦昌、邓稼先、梁思成、杨廷宝、钱伟长、吴仲华、洪深、曹禺、金岳霖、王力、陈岱孙、钱钟书、费孝通、吴晗、周光召、林宗棠等。此外，马寅初、陈寅恪、熊庆来、华罗庚、茅以升、吴有训、钱学森、张光斗等是清华的进修生和资助生，美籍学者杨振宁、李政道、林家翘是清华校友。在1999年被授予“两弹一星勋章”的23位功勋中，有14位是清华校友。截至20xx年12月底，1537名中国科学院和中国工程院院士中，近25%为清华大学校友。

水清木华九十余载，清华大学蕴育着独特的精神魅力。清华大学的初期发展，虽然渗透着西方文化的影响，但学校植根于中华民族优秀文化的沃土，形成了自己优良的传统和精神。以国学研究院四大导师王国维、梁启超、陈寅恪、赵元任为代表的清华学者，主张中西兼容、文理渗透、古今贯通，对清华的发展产生了深远的影响。“自强不息、厚德载物”的校训，“行胜于言”的校风，从建校初期就成为清华师生治学与为人的追求，并一代代得以传承。从“五四”爱国运动、“一二九”抗日救亡运动到反内战争民主的“一二一”学生运动，从施滉、韦杰三到闻一多、朱自清，生动地展现了清华师生的革命精神。解放后，清华大学坚持党的教育方针，坚持“又红又专”方向，培育“严谨、勤奋、求实、创新”的学风，探索出一条“爱国、成才、奉献”和“为祖国健康地工作五十年”的成才道路。今天，她更以“拼搏、创新”的精神，迎接新世纪的挑战。

清芬挺秀，华夏增辉。今天的清华大学面临着前所未有的历史机遇，新时代的清华人继承爱国奉献的优良传统，秉承“自强不息、厚德载物”的校训和“行胜于言”的校风。面临世纪之交中国迅速发展的机遇，清华大学正向着综合性、研究型、开放式的世界一流大学的目标迈进，努力跻身世界一流大学行列，为中华民族的伟大复兴而努力奋斗

1920xx年 建立“清华学堂”后更名为“清华学校”(留美预备学校)

1920xx年 设立大学部，同年开办研究院(国学门)

1920xx年 更名为国立清华大学，有文、法、理、工4个学院，16个系

1937年 南迁长沙与北京大学、南开大学联合组成国立长沙临时大学

1938年 长沙临时大学迁到昆明，更名国立西南联合大学

1946年 迁回北京清华园复校，有文、法、理、工、农5个学院，26个系

1952年 经全国高校院系调整，成为多科性工业大学

1978年 恢复全国高等教育招生考试

1984年 设立国内高校中第一个研究生院

在管理工程系基础上建立经济管理学院

在已有理学科系基础上恢复理学院

1985年 建立国内第一个继续教育学院

1988年 在建筑系基础上建立建筑学院

1993年 在已有人文社会科学学科系、所基础上建立人文社会科学学院

1994年 在已有信息学科系、所基础上建立信息科学技术学院

1996年 在已有机械类学科系、所基础上建立机械工程学院

1999年 恢复建立法学院

原中央工艺美术学院并入，成为清华大学美术学院

20xx年 在已有土木水利类学科系、所基础上建立土木水利学院

在公共管理系的基础上建立公共管理学院

20xx年 建立医学院

20xx年 在传播系基础上建立新闻与传播学院

20xx年 原隶属信息产业部的华信医院(原酒仙桥医院)和玉泉医院正式并入

20xx年4月正式挂牌，分别成为清华大学第一附属医院和第二附属医院

20xx年 在工程力学系、宇航技术研究中心等基础上建立航天航空学院

好了，校园概况这么多，下面我为大家介绍一下周边的景点，我们看前面的这块石头是三峡石。

这块巨石贵韵。

我身后是近春园遗址公园，“近”是远近的近，春，春天的春。公园1860年，英法联军火烧圆明园，近春园也遭到严重破坏。从此伦为荒岛100余年。直到1979年 ，学校才决定彻底改造荒岛，在岛上种植草坪、修建假山、亭子，经过几年的改造，荒岛终于成了现在这处具有历史和文化气息的胜迹。

这栋雕像是春秋末期的思想家、政治家和教育家孔子，他提出了很多著名的治学思想，至尊孔子雕像是清华的一位毕业生专门从孔子的故乡山东曲阜运过来的，它的意思是希望清华的学生们不要忘记传统的儒家思想，希望理工科的学生能多关注人文科学。前面的亭子是“临漪榭”，临，是面临的临，漪是涟漪的漪，榭则是指水边的亭子，是遗址内唯一象征性的旧物恢复。

吴晗先生是清华大学历史系毕业生，在校期间学习刻苦，在学术上很有成就，苏俄已被同学们戏称“太史公”。他从清华毕业后，就一直留校担任助教、教员、教授等职，1949年北平解放后，曾调任北京市副市长。“文革”期间，吴晗因著有新编历史剧《海瑞罢官》而受到迫害，1969年惨死在狱中，后来清华师生为了纪念这位基础校友，学者在荒岛上立了一尊吴晗像，并且修建

了“晗亭”这两字是邓小平亲笔手书的。

“荷塘月色亭”是为纪念朱自清而建，他毕业于北大哲学系，1920xx年应聘清华执教，先后担任过国文系教授、图书馆长、朱自清写过很多散文，如《背影》、《春》、《荷塘月色》等，其中《荷塘月色》就是描述近春园的景观，这篇文章用描写了一幅清有美妙的画面，“曲曲折折的荷塘，密密田添的叶子，星星点点的荷花，淡淡的月光，默默的荷香。。。这一切都反映了他当时苦闷、孤独的心情。1948年他因贫病交加而去世。临终时他还嘱咐家人，不要政府派给的廉价美国面粉，毛泽东称赞他“宁死不买美国救济粮”后来清华师生为了纪念朱自清同志，就在此建了”荷塘月色亭“以资纪念。厅内悬挂的”荷塘夜色“四字是来自朱自清文章手稿中的笔迹。对面山上的零零阁，是20xx年竣工。所以叫零零阁。近春园是清华师生休闲的场所。

现再给大家10分钟照相。

我们现在去参观清华园区，

大家左侧这两栋楼是第一，二教学楼，分别建于52、54年，是苏式建筑风格，里面有大小教室数间。现在人在使用。

礼堂西侧市科学馆，建于1920xx年，初起是理科实验楼。20xx年物理系在此办公，现在这里面有三个国家重点实验室。文革时期也被破坏，去年刚才新装修。

最北边这个雄伟建筑是清华的大礼堂，使清华大学第二批建筑中的四大建筑之一，建成于1920xx年至今为止已经87岁了，他是一座罗马史和希腊式相混合的建筑。圆顶、铜门、门前有四根两人合抱粗的汉白玉大石柱，位于清华大学大中心，占地面积1800平方米，高27.6米有座位1200个是当时国内学堂中最大的礼堂兼讲堂，建礼堂时，美国政府不信任中国的建筑技术和建筑材料，所以由美国设计师莫非设计，一砖一瓦从美国先由水路运到天津塘沽，然后运到北京，花费了很大的人力和物力，美国的哥伦比亚大学还有一栋和他一模一样的建筑，很多反帝爱国运动也是从这里动员出发，现在我们人在此举办各种各样活动。

大礼堂东侧建筑物i是水电水利系，毕业于此。

南侧的同方部也是清华早期建筑之一，还长期用作8月27号祭祀孔子的地方，“同方”两字与字《礼记》，“同方部”是指“志同道合者相聚的地方”。1936年在此为鲁迅先生举行过追悼会，闻一多，朱自清都发表了演说。现在是清华校友办公室。

清华学堂是清华第一栋教学楼，1920xx年竣工，96岁了的德国古堡式的古堡式建筑，门上端“清华学堂”四字是清朝军机大臣那桐所书。20xx年在这里增设了“国学研究院”当时著名的四大导师，梁启超，王国维，。陈寅一、赵元任在此办公。1946年作为建筑系的专用关，梁思成为系主任，现在是清华研究生院办公室。

日晷是1920级的学生毕业时献给母校的礼物，它的上部是中国古典计时器，圆盘中央的不锈钢针，圆盘中央的不锈钢针指着地球的南极北极，圆盘上面刻着十二个时辰，圆盘下面也刻着十二个时辰，春分以后看太阳照射圆盘上面的不锈钢针的阴影计时，秋分以后看圆盘下面钢针的阴影计时。没有太阳是旧物作用，下部的底座上刻着“行胜语言”四字，是920级学生的名言，也是清华的校风。就是鼓励清华的学生们少说多做，发扬实干的精神。

东面的石头上的八字“自强不息，厚德载物”1920xx年，梁启超先生以《君子》在大礼堂给清华的学生进行了一次演讲，其中，他引用了《周易》中‘乾’，‘坤’两字的卦辞，“天行健，君子以自强不息：地势坤，君子以厚德载物‘意思就是说人应该天一样，刚健不已，自强不息，努力进取，也应该想的一样柔和，培养出公而无私，宽厚为怀的高尚品质。只有这样才能担当起建设祖国的重任，演讲过后，学校就以此八字为校训，设计校徽，从而永久留传。

现在介绍到此，现再给大家10分钟照相。

游客朋友们：许多人都听说过北海有座"铁影壁"，它是元代的遗物，首先应该说明的是：铁影壁并不是铁的，而是中性火成岩石雕刻成的影壁。因为铁影壁的质地和颜色十分像生锈的铸铁，人们不了解它的材质，因此都称其为铁影壁。壁高1.89米，长3.56米，檐口长3.56米，高2.65米，两面浅雕云纹异兽，刻工古朴浑厚。

铁影壁的上覆单檐歇山式壁顶，成四坡五脊造型，原雕有吻兽走兽，正脊的两面，都雕刻有一行精细的缠枝莲图案。壁顶上的吻兽、瓦垄、沟头及滴水等，全部是在一整块石料上雕刻而出，其比例协调，形象逼真。铁影壁的壁面成倒置的梯形这在北京众多的影壁中实属罕见。铁影壁的前后各有一条巨兽，正面是一条雌性的狻猊(suānní)，栖息在山林之中，狻猊的前面有山石，身后有树木，头上有太阳。大狻猊的尾后、腹下和胸前，各有一只小狻猊在玩耍，姿态生动，栩栩如生。影壁的反面刻的也是一只回首狻猊，体态显出雄性的矫健;尾巴后面有松鸟，腹下有花草，前面有山石和阳光。铁影壁的东山，雕刻的鹿望红日。铁影壁的西山，雕刻双鹤朝阳，影壁中座的周围雕刻了一排天马，天马在展翅飞奔，前后连接，形成一圈极美的花边型装饰图案。虽然火成岩质地粗糙，但是天马的马鬃清晰可见。

在铁影壁的侧后方，是北海公园的又一个景点--快雪堂书法博物馆，那里藏有48方石刻，它包括80篇最好的书法作品，请您前去欣赏。

快雪堂位于北海的北岸，阐福寺的东边。建于1746---1779年，总面积大约2900平方米。快雪堂由三个院落组成，在每个院落里有3个大殿堂，他们是澄观堂、浴兰轩和快雪堂。这座博物馆沿着小山而建的，它南低北高。

我们走进看第一个院落，主殿叫澄观堂，澄观堂建于明代，最初是两进院落，前院称为"澄观堂"，后院称为"浴兰轩"。明代，这里称为"正心斋"。澄观堂是为皇帝学习的地方。

我们来到了第二个院子，这个院子是典型的四方型院子。它包括南房、北房、东房和西房。主殿是浴兰轩，建于清乾隆十一年(公元1746 年)，是清朝皇帝到阐福寺拈(niān)香祈福时休息、更衣的场所。

这里是第三重院落，朋友们，请看石刻，墙上有48方石刻，它包括80篇最好的作品。这些作品有许多不同的风格。在我们国家它有着重要的历史和文化意义。

穿过雕刻精细的朱栏长廊，便来到了和王申的书斋。书斋四面假山竹林环合，清幽宁静。整个恭亲王府，就它不是用石砖砌的。这座书斋是用一种特殊的竹料建成的，冬暖夏凉，和王申最爱待在这里了。

出书斋，前面那座十分大气的建筑就是正殿——和王申会客的地方。要上正殿，有一条很特别的路，只有一节阶梯，然后就是一条笔直平缓的坡路，因为和王申说过他这一世，只有年少时吃过苦，然后就一路平步青云，登上了“一人之下，万人之上”的权势颠峰。我们可以跨过最底下的一节阶梯，免吃一点苦，直接“平步青云”。

有这样一个故事：当年孝庄太后年老病重之时，极其爱戴她的皇孙——康熙帝，心情极其郁闷。他让侍女苏麻喇姑准备好纸笔，大笔一挥，写了一个“福”字。写完之后，玄烨和苏麻喇姑看着那个“福”字惊呆了——那个字苍劲有力，十分潇洒。细一看，竟看见了多个词组：多田，多子，多才，多寿……这不就是皇祖母的心愿吗?康熙帝越看越满意，便命人把这个“福”字拓在一块巨石上。结果，久病多时的太皇太后很快康复了!康熙帝大喜，决定将这块饱含吉祥福瑞气息的巨石代代相传，让爱新觉罗家族世代昌盛。

只可惜传到乾隆手中，就被别人偷出了皇宫。这个人就是和王申。现在这块福石就在我们正殿脚下，只露出写有“福”字的一面。这个“福”便是恭亲王府的第一万个福，寓意“万福”。和王申还神气地说：“皇上是?万岁?，我是?万福?!”后来，嘉庆帝抄他家时，本想把福石搬回皇宫，可还是没有搬成。和王申太狡猾了，他用石块砌了一座形似蝙蝠的福山，在“福”字左右各砌了一条龙，寓意“龙坐江山”，嘉庆帝不想自毁“江山”，便把福石留了下来。

明十三陵位于北京昌平区天寿山，因明代迁都北京后有十三位皇帝埋葬于此，故称十三陵。明十三陵自永乐年间建长陵至今已有近620_年的历史，它用一条总神道、一座石牌坊、一组石像生，把整个陵区联系在了一起，形成了一个整体，是世界上保存完整、埋葬皇帝较多的帝王陵墓群。

明永乐年间，明成祖朱棣的皇后徐氏去世，朱棣命礼部尚书和一名江西术士前往北京一代卜选陵址。大概两年后，选中了今昌平区康家庄楼子营一带。这一带青山环抱，绿水长流。北面的“龙脉”奔腾而来，气势磅礴。至此三峰并峙，山前一马平川，蟒山绕其左，虎峪踞其右。外围重峦叠嶂，如“万骑簇拥，千官侍从”。正是风水理论中的“山川大聚”之势，真正只有帝王才配享用的宝地。朱棣亲临阅视后十分满意，封其山为“万寿山”，选择吉日，动工兴建。永乐十一年玄宫建成后，从南京迎皇后徐氏的棺椁北上，择吉入藏，并将陵寝命名为“长陵”。此后长陵的附属建筑仍在逐步营建，直至宣德二年，长陵工程在大体完工，历时20_年，加之陆续建成的神道等设施，到长陵最终建成，共历时130余年。

朱棣在北京建造皇陵主要有两个原因，首先是政治原因。朱棣发动“靖难之役”，推翻了侄子建文帝朱允炆的政权，朱允炆在宫内大火中不知所终。朱棣登基后一直心有不安，除了派人寻找朱允炆的下落外，又制造的“壬午殉难”，大杀朱允炆朝臣，但人心终究不服。北京是朱棣经营多年的根据地，所以自他登基之初便计划迁都北京。皇陵随之建在北京，也是顺理成章的事。

其次是战略原因。明朝初年，元朝的残余势力逃到漠北，成为明朝北方的长期威胁。而南京鞭长莫及，难以控制北方的局势。所以朱棣迁都北京的同时在北京卜选陵址是极具战略意义的，而这一举措也确实对明朝疆域的巩固起到了重要的作用。明正统年间，发生了“土木之变”，英宗被俘。这是就有人建议迁都南京，反对者就说“怎么能弃祖坟于不顾，丢给敌人呢?”这一道理保住了大明江山。

清朝时对明陵进行了管理、修葺，并找到了明皇室的直系后裔朱之琏，封他及其后代为一等延恩侯，世代负责明陵的祭祀及管理。

从第一代朱之琏开始，朱氏侯爵的身份延续了11代。民国年间最后一代延恩侯朱煜勋被民国政府委以明陵保管员之职，但他不但白拿钱不干活，还有监守自盗的嫌疑。民国政府下令撤销其职位，将明十三陵交由昌平县管理。从此明陵香火断绝，延恩侯退出历史舞台。

现在的明十三陵面积约80平方千米，陵内葬有13位皇帝，23位皇后，1位皇贵妃及殉葬宫人数十人。另外还有7座妃坟园寝和一座太监墓(王承恩)。现在明十三陵已成为闻名中外的旅游胜地，并于20_年列入《世界遗产名录》

长陵神道总长约7.3米，走向随地形变化而回转起伏。在这条神道上，自南向北依次建有石牌坊、大红门、长陵神功圣德碑、石像生、棂星门。

石牌坊位于神道最南端，建于明嘉靖年间，是我国现存建筑等级最高的大型仿木结构石牌坊。此牌坊用青白石料组装雕琢而成，其结构为“五间、六柱、十一楼”。石牌坊是十三陵的标志性建筑，其位置的选择十分重要。南北方向上，牌坊中门正对着天寿山主峰，东西方向上与龙山、虎山相应。陵区南侧，龙、虎山相距稍远，欲连未连，石牌坊建在这里，正可弥补空间上的不足，使其地势贯通。

大红门是陵区的正门，位于龙、虎山之间，距石牌坊1.25千米。其规制为单檐庑殿顶，红墙黄瓦，开券门3洞。明朝时门两侧建有红墙，红墙上设有左右随墙门以便日常出入。门前左右立下马碑两方，正反面刻有“官员人等至此下马”8字。大红门正门为帝后棺椁及神御物品的通道，左门为皇帝谒陵时行走，右门为大臣们谒陵时行走。

穿过大红门继续向前走就来到了长陵神功圣德碑碑亭。碑亭为重檐歇山顶，四面辟门，正方形，碑亭四角各立有一座汉白玉华表。碑亭内便是神功圣德碑。

长陵神功圣德碑上为盘龙碑首，下为龟趺驮碑，碑首上刻“大明长陵神功圣德碑”9字。“神功圣德”指的是对帝王历史地位的评价。石碑的正面是明仁宗朱高炽为其父撰写的3000余字的碑文，其余三面原来没有文字，清乾隆时期在碑的背面刻了御制诗《哀明陵三十韵》，后又在碑的左侧刻御制诗一首。清嘉庆时期在碑的右侧刻了御制文一片，讲的是明朝亡国的教训得失。

穿过碑亭，走在神道上，可看到两侧的石像生。陵墓前设置石像生始于秦汉，是用来象征死者生前的仪仗用的。明十三陵的石像生沿用了明孝陵的规制，但增加了4尊功臣像。长陵石像生以一对望柱开始，望柱呈六边形，底为须弥座，柱雕云纹，顶为云龙纹柱帽。石望柱之后800米的神道上排列着石兽12对、石人6对，石兽每种两对，两立两卧。这些石像生分别是：

狮子：象征威武 獬豸：象征公平正义 骆驼：象征运输和坚忍不拔的精神 大象：象征力量和祥瑞 麒麟：象征太平和祥瑞 马：象征皇帝的御用仪仗将军：象征帝王朝会中的将军 品官：象征帝王朝会中的各级官员 功臣：象征帝王朝会中的功臣。

走过神道，迎面可见的是棂星门。此处棂星门为三开间，门上中间各饰火焰宝珠，故又称火焰牌坊，也叫龙凤门。棂星门象征着天宫之门，宫殿、坛庙、陵寝中的棂星门均有尊天子宫寝之门为天门的意思。

各位游客：

你们好，欢迎你们来到北京旅游，我是你们的导游__。

恭王府花园为位于恭王府后的一独具特色的花园，又名萃锦园，位于柳荫街甲14号，建于1777年，据考证是在明代旧园上重修的。全园占地面积2.8万平方米，有古建筑31处。恭亲王为重建花园调集百名能工巧匠，增置山石林木，彩画斑斓，融江南园林艺术与北方建筑格局为一体，汇西洋建筑及中国古典园林建筑为一园，建成后曾为京师百座王府之冠，是北京现存王府园林艺术的精华所在，堪称"什刹海的明珠"。其中园中的西洋门、御书"福"字碑、室内大戏楼并称恭王府"三绝"。某些红学家认为此园可能是曹雪芹笔下《红楼梦》中大观园的原型。

王府是北京规模最大、保存最完整的清代王府，位于什刹海西北角，前海西街17号，现为全国重点文物保护单位。恭王府始建于十八世纪末，早期为乾隆年间大学士和珅宅第，嘉庆四年(公元1799年)和珅获罪，宅第被没收赐与庆郡王，咸丰元年(公元1851年)改赐给恭亲王爱新觉罗·奕?。

清代王府有严格的规制，规定亲王府有大门五间，正殿七间，后殿五间，后寝七间，左右有配殿，形成多进四合院，不少府邸有后花园。但许多王府经历沧桑，早已面目全非，只有恭王府是北京现存最完整、布置最精的一座清代王府。著名学者侯仁之先生称之为"一座恭王府，半部清代史"。

恭王府分为平行的东、中、西三路，是世界最大的四合院。中路的三座建筑是府邸的主体，一是大殿，二是后殿，三是延楼，延楼东西长一百六十米，有四十余间房屋。东路和西路各有三个院落，和中路建筑遥相呼应。王府的最后部分是花园，二十多个景区各不相同。

恭王府花园在造园手法上既有中轴线，也有对称手法。全园分为中路、东路、西路三路，成多个院落。中轴上依次是园门、飞来峰、蝠池、安善堂、方池、假山、邀月台、绿天小隐、蝠厅。中路建筑和山水基本对称，东、西两路只是山体对称，建筑不对称。整个园林由六条山龙围合:南面、东面、西面各有两山，中路后部有一山为中龙。

陶然亭是清代名亭，现为中国的四大历史名亭之一。

清康熙三十四年(1695年)，工部郎中江藻奉命监理黑窑厂，他在慈悲庵西部构筑了一座小亭，并取白居易诗“更待菊黄家酿熟，与君一醉一陶然”句中的“陶然”二字为亭命名。陶然亭公园以及陶然亭地区名称就是以此得名的。这座小亭颇受文人墨客的青睐，被誉为“周侯藉卉之所，右军修禊之地”，更被全国各地来京的文人视为必游之地。清代200余年间，此亭享誉经久，长盛不衰，成为都中一胜。 陶然亭面阔三间，进深一间半，面积90平方米。亭上有苏式彩绘，屋内梁栋饰有山水花鸟彩画。两根大梁上绘《彩菊》、《八仙过海》、《太白醉酒》、《刘海戏金蟾》，亭上有三大匾，一是建亭人江藻亲笔提写，一是取齐白石《西江月·重上陶然亭望西山》词，还有一块是郭沫若题“陶然亭公园”门额中字，东向门柱上悬“似闻陶令开三径，来与弥陀共一龛”。此联是林则徐书写。旧联无存，现在的楹联是由当代书法家黄苗子重书。亭间分别悬挂“慧眼光中，开半亩红莲碧沼，烟花象外，坐一堂白月清风”。现在对联是现代书法家康雍书写。“烟藏古寺无人到，榻倚深堂有月来”，此联是翁方纲所撰，光绪年间慈悲庵的主持僧静明请光绪皇帝的老师翁同龢重写。

在亭的南北墙上有四方石刻，一是江藻撰写的《陶然吟》引并跋，二是江皋撰写的《陶然亭记》，三是谭嗣同著《城南思旧铭》并序，四是《陶然亭小集》，这是王昶写的《邀同竹君编修陶然亭小集》，诗中的竹君即朱筠。此诗是王昶作于乾隆四十年左右。 陶然亭建成后，江藻常邀请一些文人墨客、同僚好友到陶然亭上饮宴、赋诗，这里变成了文人墨客“红尘中清净世界也”。故陶然亭是文人雅集的地方，因此留下的诗文很多，秋瑾、龚自珍等都曾在陶然亭上留下的诗文。

陶然亭、慈悲庵三面临湖，东与中央岛揽翠亭对景，北与窑台隔湖相望，西与精巧的云绘楼、清音阁相望。湖面轻舟荡漾，莲花朵朵，微风拂面，令人神情陶然。

陶然亭周围，有许多著名的历史胜迹。西北有龙树寺，寺内有蒹葭簃、天倪阁、看山楼、抱冰堂等建筑，名流常于此游憩，其知名度在清道光之后，堪与陶然亭相匹。东南有黑龙潭、龙王亭、哪吒庙、刺梅园、祖园;西南有风氏园;正北有窑台;东北有香冢、鹦鹉冢，以及近代的醉郭墓、赛金花墓等。这些历史胜迹产生年代多早于陶然亭，有的甚至早于慈悲庵。它们都有文人墨客觞咏的历史，曾现过各领风骚的辉煌时期。

近代的陶然亭，有着光辉的历史篇章。“五·四”运动前后，中国共产党的创始人和领导人李大钊、毛泽东、周恩来曾先后来陶然亭进行革命活动。1920xx年1月18日，毛泽东与“辅社”在京成员，集会商讨驱逐湖南军阀张敬尧的斗争，会后在慈悲庵山门外大槐树前合影留念。1920xx年8月16日，天津“觉悟社”、北京“少年中国学会”等进步团体，在北厅讨论“五·四”以后革命斗争的方向以及各团体联合斗争的问题。1920xx年7、8月间，李大钊通过《少年中国学会》会员陈愚生，以其夫人金绮新葬于陶然亭畔守夫人墓为名，租赁慈悲庵南房两间，在此进行秘密活动，到1920xx年间，邓中夏、恽代英、高君宇等常来参加会议。 陶然亭也曾经是高君宇与石评梅爱情的见证者，两人后来合葬于此，“冰雪情谊”流传至今!

Hello, everyone. Have you ever been to Beijing?

Whats the weather like in Beijing?

Beijings cold weather is not to see the sun outside, what to see? Look atthe wind! As long as the wind blows, the weather will be relatively cold. Whatsthe wind blowing in winter? Whats the wind blowing in summer? The primaryschool teacher said that southeast wind blows in summer and northwest wind blowsin winter. Please remember. A student stood up and said: No, my mother said thatshe married my father and drank all year round

You choose to come to Beijing at the end of October. Generally speaking,the time is very good. Its neither cold nor hot. Its an ideal tourist seasonin Beijing. As the saying goes: in good travel time, meeting a good guide is akind of happiness; in good travel time, meeting a poor guide is a kind ofsadness. Its a sigh to meet a good tour guide in a bad travel time; its a kindof helplessness to meet a poor tour guide in a bad travel time. I hope we have agood time to travel, and I hope I am a good guide.

Id like to introduce myself. My family name is Li and my name is Tianyun.After you met me, I wish you good luck every day. Li is Muzi Li. You can call medirector Li, but dont call me director Li. You can also call me Xiao Li, butdont add Zi. Xiao Li is Li Lianying, the eunuch next to Empress Dowager Cixi.Eunuch is an incomplete man. Besides being thin, the function of other parts ofhis body is quite normal. I was born on December 26. Whats the specialsignificance of this day? My mothers birthday is also on this day, and myemperor Taizus birthday is also on December 26. My emperor Taizu is ChairmanMao Zedong. I want to have the same birthday as a great man. I cant be worse inmy life. But after living for more than 20 years, I found that Im not tall, notshort, not fat, not thin, not old, not tender, and so on So far, no miracle hashappened to me, but it doesnt matter. As the saying goes, height is not thedistance, weight is not the pressure, age is not the problem, so I still have toconfidently take everyones activities in Beijing these days.

In addition to taking you on a tour, we also have a master in charge of ourtransportation. Our master has more than ten years of driving experience. Heusually receives deputies to the National Peoples Congress, and receives VIPguests and athletes during the Olympic Games. There has been no accident formore than ten years. He is very professional and safe. During our time inBeijing, we have master _ _ driving for us. We have to work hard for him in thenext few days. Lets give him some applause first!

Although the roads in Beijing are very broad now, Beijing, as the capital,has many people and cars, and the traffic condition is not very good most of thetime. During our travel time, there may be traffic jams or people waiting forthe bus. I hope you can understand.

People live on food. When they come to Beijing, the first thing they shouldpay attention to is eating. When they come out, they wont be as comfortable asthey are at home. Especially when they join a tour group, they should beprepared: the tour group meal in Beijing is very bad. What is despair? Despairis two dishes served in a restaurant, Eat the first one: "is there anythingworse in the world?" eat the second one "Kao! Its really there!" although thegroup meal is bad, its still quite hygienic. You can rest assured to eat it.The principle is to have enough food, eight dishes and one soup, and all therice. When you see that the food is not enough, drink the soup quickly. If wedont have enough to eat, we can see the mountains far away and have a pot ofsteamed bread. If you come back to China for tourism in the future, if thenumber of people is small, you should try not to arrange group meals by travelagencies. Youd better have what you want (for Hong Kong and overseasChinese).

Next is the accommodation. Beijing is the capital, the political andcultural center. People come and go very frequently, so hotels of the same levelin Beijing are not as good as those in other places. Then it gives a briefintroduction of the hotel (such as stars, how far to the airport, how far to therailway station, how far to Tiananmen Square). In the evening, when we go backto the hotel, we should pay attention to rest. When we go shopping, we are notfamiliar with the place, so we should not go too far. The three things you mustdo when you come to Beijing are climbing the Great Wall, eating roast duck andwatching acrobatics. I think we have arranged to climb the great wall and eatroast duck in our itinerary, but we havent arranged to watch acrobatics. Imvery sorry. About in the Neolithic age, Chinese acrobatics had sprouted. Soacrobatics has a history of more than 20__ years in China. Diving, rings andother sports in our Olympic Games are all evolved from acrobatics. Trampoline,which was officially an Olympic event in 20__, is also evolved from acrobatics.Chinas trampoline won two Olympic gold medals in 20__ Beijing Olympic Games.Chinese people can be proud to announce to the world that we cant do football,we cant do track and field, we cant do swimming pool, but we cant do it inbed! Chaoyang theater is the only designated theater for external performance inBeijing. During the Olympic Games, all foreign leaders came to China to watchacrobatic performances. Modern acrobatics combined with sound, color, light andother advanced elements are more gorgeous and exciting than traditionalacrobatics. It really reflects the brilliance of one minute on stage and tenyears off stage. Almost all the performances have won awards in theinternational arena, so we are visiting Beijing During this period, acrobaticsis absolutely not to be missed if you have time in the evening. If you dont go,you will be sorry, but you will be shocked.

The most important thing to come to Beijing is to visit. Apart fromclimbing the Great Wall, eating roast duck and watching acrobatics, what elsecan we play? Generally speaking, we can enter Guangzhou to watch cars, fly toGuilin to watch mountains, go to Xian to watch tombs, visit Beijing to watchwalls, pass Tianjin to watch docks, visit Qinghai to watch the source, visitTibet to watch Buddhas head, visit Nanjing to watch stones, visit Shanghai towatch peoples heads drunk, visit Shanghai to watch peoples heads;Unforgettable Hangzhou girl. What you see in Beijing is the top of the wall,that is, the most important thing is the history and culture left over from theancient capital. If you join this tour group and meet guide Xiao Li, you are ina Beijing history and culture crash course, so you should listen to mecarefully. Cant get on the car to sleep, get off the car to pee, take photos ofscenic spots, go home and ask nothing. Especially when there are many touristsin Beijing, adults look at their heads and children look at their buttocks, sowe should play with me, hold the hand of the guide, and travel together inBeijing!

Beijing is the capital of Liao, Jin, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, thelast five feudal dynasties in Chinese history. Its design and planning embodiesthe highest achievement of ancient Chinese urban planning, and is known as "thegreatest individual project of human beings on the surface of the earth". Weshould not only look at the history, but also the modern development of Beijing.Now lets briefly introduce the situation of Beijing.

Beijing covers a total area of 16808 square kilometers and is divided into18 districts. Beijing is surrounded by Hebei Province. From the map, HebeiProvince surrounds the whole of Beijing, and it is not far from Beijing

Chengde Mountain Resort is the largest classical Royal Garden in China. In1984, it was rated as one of the top ten scenic spots in China. In 1994, it waslisted in the world heritage list. It is very worth seeing. If we can arrange itsometimes, we should go there for a day or two.

The terrain of Beijing is high in the northwest and low in the southeast,which is in line with the artistic conception of an ancient poem that a riverflows eastward. Beijing plain accounts for 1 / 3, mountain accounts for 2 / 3.There are more than 16 million permanent residents in Beijing, more than 4million people from other places, and more than 20 million people live in onethird of the plain. Therefore, the traffic pressure just mentioned is veryheavy.

To this end, Beijing has made great efforts to improve the trafficenvironment. The cost of bus is also very cheap. Basically, one yuan is enoughfor taking the bus, and 20% or 40% discount can be given for those with buscard. We work in the suburbs because its expensive to rent or buy a house inthe urban area. Although its cheap to take the bus, it takes a long time. Weneed to get up early in the morning to go to work. Sometimes it only takes 30minutes to do a business in the urban area, but it takes two hours to come bybus, and it takes two hours to go back, so one day is spent on the bus. Becauseof the long journey, we usually have to take the bus home from work, so thenightlife in Beijing is not very rich. Talk about the four idiots in Beijing:eat lobster, go shopping to Yansha, sing and love flowers, and go home afterwork. The poor go home after work, the drunkard go home at 9, the luster go homeat 11 and the gambler go home at 2-3.

The starting price of a taxi is 10 yuan for 3 km, and 2 yuan per km after 3km. In addition to improving the above ground transportation, we should focus onthe development of the subway. The cost of the subway is also very cheap. Itcosts 2 yuan to get through. As long as you dont go out of the subway door, youcan take a ride for a day, so as to stimulate the reduction of private cars,reduce road congestion, improve air quality and environmental protection. Butthe rich should buy a car or buy a car, and the poor should take what kind ofcar, so we should not climb, compare, and be angry with ourselves in our dailylife; eat less salt, be jealous, play less mahjong, and take more walks; sleepon time, get up on time, and do boxing and aerobics.

Good health is really good. According to official statistics, the averagelife span of Beijingers has reached 80 years old. Before the reform and openingup, it was 60 years old. Why? With the improvement of living standards, Chinesesociety is developing, and Beijing is developing. In the past, only the emperorcan eat, but now ordinary people can also eat the palace flavor. In the past,the emperor can wear silk, but now ordinary people can buy it, too The jadebrought by the emperor is good for our health. We can also buy it now. Themedicinal materials of Tongrentang, which has a history of more than 300 years,used to be used exclusively by the royal family, especially the Empress DowagerCixi, who used to take the Wuji Baifeng pill of Tongrentang all the year round.Now we can also buy it. We can also buy the Royal Cloisonne ornaments. In short,the royal family can eat, wear and play Good health, we can do now, in additionto the emperors harem three thousand, so many women we cant do. When we cometo Beijing for tourism, if we need to use these things or give them as gifts tofriends and relatives, they are very helpful. They can support the developmentof Beijings tourism industry and improve our taste in life. When it comes totaste, men are divided into six grades: first-class men have a home outsidetheir home, second-class men have flowers outside their home, third-class menfind a home in their flowers, fourth-class men go home from work, fifth classmen go home from work, and their wives are not at home, sixth class men go homefrom work, and there is a man beside their wives. Women can be divided into fourclasses. First class beauties travel abroad, second class beauties ShenzhenZhuhai, third class beauties Beijing Shanghai, and fourth class beauties wait athome.

So what do we usually call a beautiful woman in Beijing? The older one iscalled sister, the older one is called aunt, and the younger one is called girl.Generally speaking, men are called elder brother, and the elderly are calledelder brother. Children are called children. But pure Beijingers, that is, oldBeijing, call girls girls girls instead of girls. I dont call a beauty abeauty, but a honey. Call him or not, call him ya. I dont care if you call meinside. Call a woman a woman, not a woman. Call a man a man, not a man. Call afriend porcelain instead of a friend. A lover is not called a lover, but an ace.I dont call a little girl a little girl, but a girl.

This is Beijings address, Tianjins address is more special, for example:there are people calling sister, not sister, anyway, no matter how old you are,even if you are only a teenager, there may be 50 or 60 years old people callingyour sister, not sister. There are those who call big brother, but not brothersor brothers. Even an elderly grandmother will call a young man in her 20s bigbrother, but she wont call brothers. Some call uncle, but not uncle. That is tosay, no matter what is your fathers ranking at home, you should call his otherbrothers uncle, and your fathers younger brother is not uncle. In a word, itsbasically shouting. Thats what Tianjin is called. Tianjin is called the backgarden of Beijing. During holidays, Beijingers will drive there for holidays.Tianjin is more than 100 kilometers away from Beijing, and the whole journey isonly two hours to Tianjin. If we have time, we can play one more city by the waywith little fare.

The road we are taking now is the capital airport expressway, which wasbuilt in 92 and opened to traffic in 93. The capital airport expressway is 18 kmlong, with 34.5 m wide subgrade and 6 lanes in both directions. There are 3 mwide emergency parking belts on both sides of the road. It is fully closed andinterchange. The design speed is 120 km / h. The starting point is Sanyuanqiao.It takes 10 minutes from Sanyuanqiao to the Capital International Airport.Expressway pavement structure layer, the introduction of foreign asphaltmodification technology, in the ordinary asphalt mixed with plastic or rubber,change the high temperature and low temperature stability of asphalt, make itnot soften at 60 ℃ high temperature, not brittle at minus 30 ℃ low temperature,but also enhance the anti-wear ability, reduce noise, greatly extend the servicelife. The use of modified asphalt, which is the first in domestic highwayconstruction. The capital airport expressway costs 100 million yuan perkilometer, which is known as the first road to China. No matter how old anofficial or ordinary person you are, you have to enter Beijing from thisexpressway.

Usually when we talk about Beijing, where is it called Beijing? Accordingto the official regulations, the third ring road is called Beijing. Sanyuanqiao,the starting point of our airport expressway, connects the third ring road. Whatis "three yuan"? The imperial examination system is called "three yuan". Thefirst place of the provincial examination, the imperial examination and theimperial examination is Jieyuan, Huiyuan and the number one scholar. One afteranother, he won the first place in the provincial examination, the generalexamination and the palace examination, which is called Lianzhong Sanyuan.Taking the Qing Dynasty as an example, the whole process of imperial examinationin the old days started from the grass-roots level of government, prefecture andcounty, which was called childrens examination. Those who enter for theexamination are called Tong Sheng, and those who pass the examination are calledXiucai. The first one is called desk. The formal higher level nationalexamination is called the local examination, which is held in the provincialcapital. The examinees are scholars from all over the country. After passing theexamination, they are called Juren, and the first place is "Jieyuan"; the nexthigher level is the joint examination, which is held in the Ministry of rites.The examinees are Juren, and after passing the examination, they are calledGongsheng, and the first place is "Huiyuan"; The imperial examination was heldin the palace. The emperor personally presided over the examination. Thecandidates were Gongsheng, who were called Jinshi after winning the examination.The imperial examination system in ancient China has a history of more than onethousand years, in which 17 people were able to connect the three yuan.

龙庆峡位于北京市延庆县城东北10公里的古城村西北的古城河口，距北京城区85公里。龙庆峡古称"古城九曲"，被人们誉为北京的"小漓江"，是北京十六景之一。其水源于海坨山东麓，经玉渡山汇入古城水库。

延庆的龙庆峡峰峦峭立，山清水秀，7公里长的峡谷既有南方的秀丽，又有北方的雄奇，开阔与幽深间或，险峻与浅滩并存，神仙院、金刚寺、玉泉阁、神笔峰等奇山异景胜似仙境，到了冬天又成为冰雕和冰灯的世界。每年的冰灯节吸引了众多的八方宾客。

北京龙庆峡被人们誉为北京的“小漓江”。龙庆峡水库高耸的大坝相连着两座山，其宽有四五十米，大坝犹如一把白色的巨锁把龙锁住了。登上大坝俯瞰北面，墨绿色的水面倒影着山峦和白云。东西的两座山，峭壁直立，像刀切似的，足有几十丈高，“龙庆峡”可能由此峡而得名。当你划船而渡，大有“山重水复疑无路”、“柳暗花明又一村”之感。水似飘罗带，曲曲弯弯，山不转水转，仿佛永无尽头，每转一山就是一景。那千姿百态的山和石，有的像出鞘的剑，有的像举起的大锤，有的像昂首的虎，有的像扭着头的象……因此人们根据它们的形状取名为“震山如来”、“鸡冠子山”、“金缸山”等等。

两边的崖岸之上，有镇山如来、石?熊跳岩、九连洞、鸡冠山、金刚山、马蹄潭、将军岩、金刚寺遗址等奇峰怪石，堪称“塞外一绝”。它既有塞外的雄奇，又兼有江南的秀丽，可与桂林的漓江、长江的三峡相媲美。是北京十六景之一。

该景区集南方山水的妩媚秀丽和北方山水的雄浑壮观于一体，峡谷曲折蜿蜒，河水幽长碧绿。两岸山崖险峻，森林茂密，裸露的石灰岩形成奇特造型，特别是长年被水浸蚀所形成的溶洞和洞中的石笋、石柱、石断层，与漓江山石极相似，只是当您抬头观望山峰时，才可感到北方峰崖的雄伟峻峭。龙庆峡南面为八达岭长城，西北为松山森林公园，正西是海坨山。