兵马俑英语导游词五分钟（汇总20篇）

Hello, everyone. Welcome to Mt. Emei, a famous Buddhist mountain in China,which is higher than the five mountains and the most beautiful in the world.Emei Mountain is located in the southwest of Sichuan Basin, which is endowedwith unique geographical position. Because of its "majestic, beautiful, divine,strange and secluded", it has won the praise of "plant kingdom", "animalparadise", "Geological Museum", "Xianshan Buddhist kingdom" and "Emei show inthe world".

Mt. Emei is one of the four sacred places of Buddhism in China. It is saidthat Buddhism was introduced to Mount Emei in the first century AD. Thedevelopment of Buddhism in the past 20__ years has left a rich Buddhist culturalheritage to Mt. Emei and created many eminent monks and virtues, which hasgradually made Mt. Emei a Buddhist holy land with deep influence in China andeven in the world. Now we are in Jinding, the second peak of Mount Emei, with analtitude of 3077 meters. Here, the tour guide will introduce you to the fourwonders of Jinding:

First: sunrise

At five or six oclock in the morning, standing on the sacrificial rock,looking to the East, I saw a vein inlaid with Phnom Penh, gray clouds floatingslowly, Phnom Penh reflecting the thick clouds around. Slowly, the gray cloudsplit a crack, and the crack showed orange light. The crack became larger andlarger, and the color gradually changed to orange with the surrounding clouds. Alittle while later, the red sun showed a little arc of Phnom Penh, and the arcbecame larger and larger, and the clouds also opened a way for it. When theorange red sunrise rose slowly, exposing most of its head, the speed suddenlyincreased, like a ball full of Qi In a flash, he jumped out of the horizon,shining all over the world, firmly embedded in the horizon. Peoples faces werecoated with a layer of wine red, Jinding also put on a golden color clothes. Atthis time, you will forget the chilly morning fog at the top of the mountain,and keep jumping and cheering for a long time.

Second: sea of clouds

Emei Jinding view of the sea of clouds, is a kind of appreciation, is akind of enjoyment. On a sunny day, standing in front of the sacrificial rock,the vast white clouds are surging under the rock. The peaks are like isolatedislands, only the green peaks are visible. The sea of clouds changes rapidly.Sometimes it is called "cloud blanket"; sometimes it is called "cloud wave";sometimes it is called "cloud peak"; sometimes it is called "cloud cluster";sometimes it is called "cloud cave". With the wind, the clouds are ethereal andunpredictable, such as riding dragons and phoenixes, chariots and teams, birdsand beasts. Jinding cloud sea was called "Dola mianyun" or "Dola Mian world" inancient times. Doula is Sanskrit, a tree name. "Douluomian" means the flowers ofthis tree.

Third: Buddhas light

Buddha light, known as "light phase" in ancient times, is a diffractionphenomenon caused by sunlight irradiating clouds at a certain angle. Also knownas "Jinding Xiangguang", it is one of the "ten scenic spots of Mount Emei". Whenthe rain and snow stop and the afternoon is clear, the sun is shining and thelight reflects on the sea of clouds. Standing on the light platform, visitorscan see that their own figure is covered by a seven color halo on the cloudsurface, and the shadow moves with them. That is to say, they stand side byside, and they can only see their own shadow without double shadows, so they arealso called "body light". Buddhist light has different names according to itssize, color and shape. White without red halo is called "Shuiguang", big asdustpan is called "bizhiguang", small as cymbal is called "tongziguang", lightis slightly released, straight east slanting is called "immortal head" or"cactus light", halo like rainbow is called "Jinqiao", Buddha light oftenappears according to cloud, if no cloud appears, it is called "Qingxian", themost rare. There is also a kind of "reflection", that is, in the morning, thehalo appears in the west of Jinding, which is extremely rare.

Fourth: the holy lamp

On a sunny night in Jinding, Mt. Emei, in the forest of the gorge under thesacrificial rock, you suddenly see a little bit or two, like a bean of stars,gradually tens of thousands of points, fluttering and surging, high and low, asif the stars of the Milky Way fell into the valley, "sometimes scattered anddancing, stars; sometimes gathered, nets and nets, dazzling and thrilling." Thiskind of phenomenon, since ancient times, is called "ten thousand bright lightsto the sages."

The phenomenon of "holy lamp" is very peculiar. Some people say itsphosphorous, some say its firefly, some say its halobacteria attached to thetree branches. When the humidity content in the air is more than 100%, it makeslight.

It has a long history to watch the holy lamp. The ancients left many poemsabout it. When Xue Neng, a poet of Tang Dynasty, went to Mount Emei, he wrotethe song "the holy lamp of Emei"

"There is a light in the sky, and it becomes clear when you sit and watch.Its important to know that the fire is endless and the smoke is endless. Onenight, I said to the monk

Dear tourists, after learning about the four wonders of Jinding, pleasefollow me to visit Huazang temple.

Danxia mountain (China redstone park), located at shaoguan city, guangdong province ren county and Zhen jiang district, is one of the world geological park, leads to the world heritage nomination, the world natural heritage, etc. Danxia mountain area of 292 square kilometers, is the biggest area of guangdong province, beautiful scenery, predominantly danxia landform landscape scenic area and natural heritage sites, and dinghu mountain, luofu mountain, beautifully as four renowned great mountains in guangdong. Since 1988, danxia mountain successively won the national scenic area, national nature reserve, national geological park, national AAAAA level scenic spots such as the five national brand, ratified in 20xx the first world geological park.

Danxia mountain is one of the world "danxia landform" named after. Danxia mountain consists of more than 680 top flat, steep slope, slow foothill red gravel rock, sages "color such as w, Dan Ming", which are characterized by red cliff danya. According to geologists study: in the world have found more than 1200 danxia landform, danxia mountain is the most typical and the most complete types of modelling development the most abundant, the most scenic danxia landform concentrated distribution area.

China redstone park, danxia mountain, located at shaoguan city, guangdong province ren county, east longitude 113 ° 36 25 "53" to 113 ° 47, north latitude 24 ° 51 48 "between 12 to 25 ° 04". Covers an area of 292 square kilometers, is the biggest area of guangdong province, landscape, the most beautiful scenic spot. Since 1988, danxia mountain successively won the national scenic area, national nature reserve, national geological park, national AAAAA level scenic spots such as the five national brand, on February 13, 20xx, the United Nations educational, scientific and cultural organization approval for the worlds first world geological park.

Danxia mountain is one of the world "danxia landform" named after. Danxia mountain consists of more than 680 top flat, steep slope, slow foothill red gravel rock, sages "color such as w, Dan Ming", which are characterized by red cliff danya. According to geologists study: in the world have found more than 1200 danxia landform, danxia mountain is the most typical and the most complete types of modelling development the most abundant, the most scenic danxia landform concentrated distribution area.

Between 140 million and 70 million, danxia mountain is a large inland basin, affected by the Himalayan orogeny, strong uplift surrounded by mountain, basin to accept a large number of clastic sediments, formed a thick red strata; Around 7000 years ago, the earths crust rise gradually eroded. Since 6 million years ago, the basin occurred many times intermittent rise, average every increase 1 meter ten thousand, fluvial incision erosion at the same time, the red layer is cut into a piece of red mountain danxia group, which is now the danxia mountain.

各位游客，大家好，今天你们要参观的是世界第八大奇迹秦兵马俑。我是你们的导游，叫郑任敏，你们可以叫我郑导。我们现在正乘着车子向陕西省西安临潼区驶去，也是秦兵马俑所在的位置。在参观的时候，请你们做一位文明的游客，除了脚印，什么也别留下;除了照片，什么也别带走。

秦始皇兵马俑共分成3个坑，其中1号坑最大，东西长230米，南北宽62米，总面积14260平方米。

秦俑的造型，运用了模、塑、捏、堆、贴、刻、画等7种传统的泥塑技法，把体、量、形、神、色、质等基本要素表现得淋漓尽致。秦俑不仅体态丰盈、生动逼真，而且其身上各部位都涂上了不同的色彩，显得更加活灵活现、栩栩如生。因此，有人称秦俑艺术是“三分雕塑，七分彩绘”。

秦兵马俑群里的兵马俑数不胜数，分成了好几种：

兵俑阵、跪射俑、陶马、彩绘陶俑、战车俑、牵马陶俑、彩绘车马车俑、将军俑、武士俑等。

这些兵马俑各个神态不一，如果你仔细看的话，就会发现，这么多的兵马俑，他们的神态没有哪两个是一样的。

Jinding mountain is a national "AAA" tourism scenic area, national forest park. Located on the outskirts of zhumadian of henan province west, about 20 km away from downtown.

Jinding hill mountain across two pulse: advantages and tongbo meet here, she has both advantages of the grand and tongbo witty.

Jinding hill is located in the subtropical and north temperate climate transition point, she vegetation lush, rich forest and wildlife park is a natural botanical garden. Jinding lunar 24 solar terms and seasonal characteristics of the mountain to cut due to match. Season changes make jinding picture myriad mountains, unusually brilliant.

Jinding hill XiongLi Yu Tianzhong earth, known as day in wonderland. Scenic area of about 71 square kilometers, six in peak. Scenic spot tall ancient trees, deep valley peak risks. Main attractions have purple fog ethereal, large and small jinding rippling golden dragon lake, golden sand lakes, gold sihu, jagged alpine valley, cliff torrents of cloud empty organ, winding the grand dragon village. Was built in the tang dynasty still cigarette smoke, deep and quiet buddhist resort of zhulin temple, cloud empty temple; Characterized by nature, whales, and, Shi Gui lifelike stone; Implication of warmth, affection lingering hope love stone, frowning ridge, the tree; Shape is novel, huaxia well is gold leaf of buddhist stone carving...

Stroll jinding hill, will make you truly understand the return to nature, close to nature, enjoy nature of new feeling.

Jinding mountain scenic area is your tourism, leisure vacation area light scenery resort, is a scientific investigation, field trips creation, fitness entertainment ideal place to go.

Everybody is good, now, we are going to place is one of the world heritage, and is one of the worlds largest underground cemetery interred - qin Terra Cotta Warriors. So, I will be very honored to bear all the tour guide, if you if you have any questions you can ask me, I will give you answer, and I wish you have a good trip this time.

Now we see is the qin Terra Cotta Warriors, qin Terra Cotta Warriors, lintong unearthed in our country, has now been discovered three pits, the inside of the terracotta warriors are about more than eight thousand, one of the pit is the largest, there are more than six thousand, the inside of the terracotta warriors each pit is divided into general figurines, figurines of cavalry warriors, and so on. These Terra Cotta Warriors are very realistic, and more.

General general figures of stately, armed with swords, some general heart seemed to feel accountable, must live up to the expectations of the qin shi huang and common people, so the general clenched fists, determined, the warriors must we see now is average height is about 1.8 meters, the inside of the samurai warriors head wearing a hat, eyes stare at other, as if he were in miss their loved ones, some expression town, seems to be a top to defeat the enemy, some low head, as if in thinking about how to cooperate with others to defeat others, the samurais neck tied neatly tie, neatly dressed in armor upper body, lower body wearing boots, appearance is very neat. This is the terracotta warriors.

You see, we are now seeing is the cavalry figurines, cavalry cavalry in the left hand holding a knife, right hand the former horse as if waiting for the generals command and mount to kill at any time. In the cavalry figures, not only cavalry carving the perfect production, even the horse carving very well, the horses are inside muscle plump, vigorous, tough, and very beautiful.

You look so much, will ask, why qin shihuang built these TaoRen? Because qin shi huang wanted to use 8000 virgins to buried to himself, so he told his secretary to do it, but the minister thought, built the Great Wall has been very bad thing, if want again to 8000 virgins that will surely someone to rebel, so he told the emperor qin shi huang, is inferior to build 8000 clay soldiers to buried, so that can protect the soul. Qin shi huang think secretary said right, so let him go to call the people to do under the 8000 soldiers, but dont let the soldiers found. Because in the qin state, if your body is copied, the soul will be tick away, so the emperor who doesnt want to let his love is not happy, so I ordered they have to take care of it in secret.

Say so many, now we give you free to visit, but you should pay attention to the following: please protect the Terra Cotta Warriors, dont jump pit, dont spit litter, and at the same time also to supervise others. Now again, I wish you a pleasant journey!

To defeat the enemy, do try to fight for the state of qin, win honor for our state of qin.

各位尊敬的游客：

你们好!欢迎大家来到世界文化遗产地-秦兵马俑博物馆，我叫何昱呈，很高兴成为大家的导游!

秦兵马俑博物馆位于西安市东35公里处。法国前总统希拉克曾留言说：“不看金字塔，不算到埃及;不看秦俑，不算到中国。”从这些高度凝结的话语中，我们不难看出秦俑的历史价值及艺术价值。

兵马俑的规模宏大。目前已发掘了三个俑坑，总面积近20xx0平方米，差不多有平时的50个篮球场那么大，坑内有兵马俑8000个左右。 现在我们来到的地方是一号坑，也是三个坑中最大的一个俑坑，东西长230米，南北宽62米，总面积14260平方米，你看都了占三个俑坑总面积一半还多呢!既然面积那么大，那么数量也非常多，有6000多个。 你们请看，那身材魁梧，头戴曷冠，身披铠甲，手握宝剑，昂首挺胸的就是将军俑。看他那神态自若的表情就知道是久经沙场，重任在肩。

再看那些武士俑，平均身高1.8米，体形匀称。他们身穿战袍，披挂铠甲，脚登前端向上翘起的战靴，手持兵器，整装待发。 瞧，骑兵俑上身着短甲，下身穿着紧口裤足登长靴右手执缰绳，左手持弓箭，好像随时准备上马冲杀。

游客们，我就介绍到这里了，现在给一个小时的自由时间让大家慢慢观赏。大家在游玩的时候请爱护文物，不要乱丢垃圾。谢谢大家的合作，祝大家玩的愉快!

大家好!我是梦幻旅行社的一名优秀导游，我叫张雨薇，大家可以叫我小张或张导。不知大家听说过这样一句话没有：“不看金字塔，不算到过埃及，不看秦俑，不算真正到过中国。”很荣幸，今天能带领大家一起去已被列入《世界遗产名录》的秦兵马俑游玩。那么现在我们就出发吧!

在参观之前，我先带大家到4D影院，观看一段录像，了解秦始皇怎么统一六国，怎么制造兵马俑的吧!

怎么样?看了录像，你们知道秦始皇是谁吗?对!他就是我国封建社会第一位皇帝。秦兵马俑是秦始皇的一个陪葬坑。考古学家根据发现时间的先后，把他们编为一、二、三号坑。

那么这个陪葬坑是怎样被发现的呢?告诉你吧，是1974 年西杨村的农民伯伯在打井时发现的。那么现在我就带领大家到一、二、三号俑坑 去看看类型众多的兵马俑吧!在参观的时候，请你们做一位文明的游客，除了脚印，什么也别留下;除了照片，什么也别带走。

前面是一号俑坑，是三个俑坑中最大的一个，有六千多个兵马俑。那里有随时准备上马冲杀的骑士俑;有整装待发的武士俑;身材魁梧的将军俑和体型健壮的马。

剩下的二、三号俑坑，请大家自行参观。

今天的旅程到此结束，谢谢大家的配合，祝大家事事如意，如有事请拨打，晚安!

秦兵马俑是我国珍贵的历史文化遗产，它享誉世界，举世无双。兵马俑是秦始皇的陪葬坑。兵马俑规模宏大，已发掘了三个俑坑，总面积近20190平方米，坑内有兵马俑近八千个，大家现在身处的位置就是兵马俑一号俑坑的上面。一号俑坑总面积14260平方米，有六千多个兵马俑。大家站在高处鸟瞰，可以看到坑里的兵马俑，一行行，一列列，排列十分整齐，构成一个行止有序、进退有据、组织严密、固若金汤的军阵编列。

兵马俑不仅规模宏大，而且类型多，个性鲜明。大家仔细看看，那些头戴?冠、身披铠甲、手握宝剑的是将军俑，而那些身着铠甲、足登长靴，右手执兵器的就是骑兵俑。看他们神态自若的样子就知道是久经沙场、重任在肩。

这里每个兵马俑都是极为精美的艺术珍品，在古今中外的雕塑史上是绝无仅有的。剩下的时间，各位可以仔细端详，领略一下兵马俑的雄伟气势。

Baotou Nanhai is located in the south of Baotou Donghe District. It used tobe an old section of the Jiuqu Yellow River. The water surface and beachgrassland were formed after the diversion of the river to the south. The totalarea of the development zone is 20 square kilometers___ The water area is 480hectares, which is divided into water activity area and lakeside sightseeingarea. The South China Sea is surrounded by green mountains in the north andYellow River jade belt in the south. The lake is rippling with green waves, thewater and grass are rich, the gulls are flying in the sky, and the scenery isunique. In 1985, it was turned into a tourism development zone. After carefulplanning and development in recent years, it has begun to take shape. TheDevelopment Zone integrates the natural beauty and artificial beauty here, whichmakes it not only have the characteristics of thick and rough outside the GreatWall, but also have the charm of Jiangnan Water Town. It enjoys the reputationof "West Lake outside the Great Wall" and becomes one of the unique touristscenic spots in grassland steel city. To travel here, you can not only goboating on the water, fish in the lake, explore pudang, have a rest in thegarden, and enjoy the pleasant scenery of the South China Sea.

Baotou Nanhai is one of the largest inland lake scenic spots in China,close to the Yellow River, covering an area of 1585 hectares, including 333hectares of water area and 15000 mu of wet grassland. More than 200 kinds ofwild animals and plants live here.

Baotou Nanhai is known as the "flood and drought wharf", among which thewater wharf is the Haizi wharf. It was a shipping port on the Bank of the YellowRiver during the reign of Kangxi. It has a history of more than 330 years. In1850, the Yellow river changed its course, and the town of nanhekou in Tuoketuocity was flooded. From then on, Nanhaizi ferry became a water transportation huband fur distribution center in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River.The economic status of laobaotou in Northwest China changed greatly. Theprosperity of economy made Nanhaizi ferry famous all over the world. The vastriver witnessed the prosperity of the "rafts" of Nanhaizi ferry in history andthe decline of the river.

Baotou Nanhai Park, formerly known as Baotou fish station, has a longhistory of fishery production. The varieties include wild yellow river carp,silver carp, silver carp, crucian carp, grass carp and other traditionalvarieties, as well as Chinese mitten crab, Yellow River catfish, blunt snoutbream (Wuchang fish), beautiful white shrimp and other valuable aquaticproducts. The rich aquatic products have attracted people who taste the "wholefish feast" in the South China Sea, and also attracted the majority of fishingenthusiasts.

各位游客大家好：

今天，我们将参观举世闻名的秦始皇兵马俑博物馆。秦兵马俑博物馆位于西安市以东35公里处。法国总统希拉克曾留言说过：“世界上原有七大奇迹，秦兵马俑的发现，可以说是第八大奇迹了。不看金字塔.不算真正到过埃及‘不看秦俑，不算真正到过中国。”1987年12月，秦始皇陵及秦始皇陵兵马俑被列入世界文化遗产。下面，我给大家介绍一下被称为千古一帝的秦始皇。

秦始皇于公元前259年生于赵国国都邯郸。13岁继承了王位。22岁举行加冕礼亲政并平息了嫪毐吕不韦的叛乱。从公元前230年到公元前221年，用10年的时间灭亡了东方六国，结束了春秋战国以来长达500多年各诸侯国割据称雄的`混乱局面，建立了我国历史上第一个中央集权制的封建王朝——秦。为封建社会经济、政治、思想文化的迅速发展奠定了基础。

秦始皇认为自己“功高三皇，德过五帝”于是各取一字称皇帝，并希望子孙千世万世，于是自称始皇帝。为了巩固统一，加强统治，他建立了以自己为中心的三公九卿官僚制度，以郡县制取代分封制，同一法律、文字、货币和度量衡，统一车轨，修驰道;统一思想，焚书坑儒;北击匈奴筑长城，南平百越修灵渠，这一系列的措施，对后世都产生了深远的影响。公元210年，秦始皇在第五次出巡中，暴病死于河北沙丘，同年葬于临潼骊山的陵墓之中。

秦始皇帝陵南靠骊山,背面与渭水相邻。骊山风景如画，绿树成荫。现在我们就来到了秦始皇陵，我们看到的这个巨大的封土堆，就是秦陵了。

秦兵马俑博物馆是我国最大的遗址性专题博物馆。展出的文物距今约20__多年的秦兵马俑和铜车马。秦俑坑是1974年时，由西杨村的几个农民在抗旱打井时意外发现的。考古学家根据发现时间的先后，把它们编为一、二、三号坑。秦兵俑出土后，以其严密的军事组织，雄伟壮观的气势，精美的雕刻艺术，深厚的文化内涵征服了世界，被誉为“20世纪最伟大的考古发现之一”，被誉为“世界第八大奇迹”1987年12月秦始皇兵马俑被列入世界文化遗产名录。总面积为2万平方米。有陶俑、陶马8000多件。是一座庞大的地下军阵，也是一座重要的古代艺术宝库。秦俑坑是秦军的缩影，它生动的再现了当时秦国兵强马壮的威武场面。李白在诗中描写的“秦王扫六合，虎视何雄哉!挥剑决浮云，诸侯尽西来。”即时对秦军的气势作了生动的描写。

我们现在来到的就是一号坑，它是三个俑坑中面积最大的一个。它东西长230米，南北宽62米，深5米，面积14260平方米，相当于两个足球场的面积。一号坑是由步兵和车兵组成的军阵。所谓军阵就是部队在作战或驻守时的一种排队的方式。一号坑是以长方阵的排列方式，由前锋、主体、侧翼、后卫四部分组成。我们现在所看到面东而立的就是前锋部队。它一共是3排，每排70件，共210件。南、北、西端各有一排面外而立的武士俑是侧翼和后卫，他们是为了防止敌人旁敲侧击和从背后偷袭。中间有38路面东而立的纵队，是由步兵和骑兵组成，构成了整个军阵的主体。参观到这里，可能就有人要问了，他是怎样制作的呢?我们说亲用的制作可以用四句话来形容：“模塑结合、分段制作、入窑烧制、出窑彩绘。”他们是以泥土为原料，模塑结合，再辅以推，捏、刮、刻等技法。温度一般在950—1050摄氏度之间。

三号坑位于一号坑以北25米处。面积为520平方米，平面呈凹字形，是三个俑坑中面积最小的一个。共出土四马、一车和68个陶俑。三号坑陶俑的排列形式是面向内相向夹道式排列。在三号坑中只发现了一种无刃兵器——铜殳。铜殳(shu)是一种用于仪仗的兵器。根据专家推测，这里可能是整个地下军队的指挥部。三号坑主要由车马房、南北厢房组成。车马房位于俑坑的中部，面对坑道的东门，这样便于车马进入。而北厢房位于俑坑的北部。在北厢房内发现祷战厅。南厢房位于俑坑的南部，它从东向西依次排列着廊坊、俑道、正厅和偏房。它们都有武士俑分立于两边，其中以正厅的警卫最多。这里可能是召开军事会议的场所。这一点也就完全证实了三号坑是一个地下军队的指挥部——军幕。秦俑坑当中既有“决胜于千里之外”的强大军阵，又有“运筹于帷幄之中”的将领，可见当时思虑严密，布局严谨了。而且战车通身彩绘配上华盖，车上的成员头戴单卷尾长冠，应该是级别较高的指挥车了。

在一号坑以北20米处，是秦始皇兵马俑的二号坑。它的平面呈曲尺形，面积为6000多平方米，是由步兵、骑兵、车兵和混合兵种组成的军阵。他一共由四个小的单元构成.第一个小阵是弩兵阵，其中约160个铠甲俑做跪射状，170个铠甲俑作立射状。临阵时，可轮番射击敌人难以靠近：第二个小阵是车兵阵，共有战车64乘，武士俑192件;第三个小阵是由战车、车兵、步兵、骑兵混编的纵阵。这四个单元可以有机的构成一个大的军阵，也可以分开成四个独立的小的军阵。它能攻能守，反应迅速，自我保护力强，可以说是当时世界上反应最快速的一支部队。

在二号坑中出土了大量的陶俑，其中有将军俑、跪射俑、骑兵俑等。我们现在所看到的就是一个从二号坑中出土的将军俑。将军在军队中具有特殊的身份，所以他处处显得与众不同。将军俑头戴双卷鹖尾长冠，冠带在颈下结绳并下垂胸前。将军俑所戴的冠叫“鹖冠”。据说鹖是一种性情勇猛、善斗的鸟。将军俑身穿双重战袍，战袍外面的铠甲形制特殊。双肩及前后胸共有8个彩绸扎成的花结，象征我们现在所说的军工章。他脚蹬翘尖靴，双手相叠置于腹前，显得儒雅稳健，气度不凡。他手指前方,仿佛正在指挥千军万马如何作战。

现在我们看到的这个跪射俑，身穿战袍，外披铠甲，头顶左侧挽一发髻，脚登方口齐头翘尖履，左腿蹲曲，右膝着地，上体微向左侧转，双手在身体右侧一上一下作握弓状，表现出一个持弓的单兵操练动作。

现在展示在各位面前的就是秦兵马俑坑中出土的最引人注目的一把青铜剑了。“青铜”就是铜和锡的合金，因颜色青灰而得名。这把青铜剑已历经了20__多年，但是表面并没有生锈，至今仍然是锋利无比。在它刚刚出土时，专家们曾经用它一次划透了20张纸。经过鉴定，发现它表面有铬盐氧化层。它采用了铬盐氧化技术。铬盐氧化技术有两种：一种是电子镀铬，在20世纪30年代由德国人发明。另一种是化学镀铬，在我国两千多年前就已经发明出来了，这一点实在是令人叹服!

下面我将要带领大家前去欣赏的是被誉为“奇中之奇，宝中之宝的秦陵彩绘铜车马。

如果说秦俑坑是大中显武的话，那么铜车马展厅就是小里透文了。前面的一号车为“高车”。 总重为1061公斤。后面的这辆为“鞍车”总重1241公斤。

我们再来看一下二号车上的华盖。华盖最厚处为4毫米，最薄处为2毫米。铜车马采用了铸造、镶嵌、焊接子母扣连接而成的。最为广泛的是子母扣连接，也就是我们今天所采用的手表链的连接方法。像马龙头就是由一节金管，一节银管，采用子母扣连接而成的，装饰的是缨络，采用了青铜拔丝法。他们是迄今为止考古史上发现的形体最大、构造最复杂、制造最精美、驾系关系最完整的铜车马被誉为“青铜器之冠”。

我的讲解就到这里结束了，希望我有限的讲解内给大家带来无限的收获和快乐!

游客朋友们，欢迎大家来到举世闻名的秦始皇兵马俑博物馆参观游览。这里是我国目前最大的遗址性博物馆，这里展出的文物主要有距今20__多年的秦代兵马俑，这些兵马俑象征着当年守卫秦始皇陵园的卫戍部队。首先我向大家介绍一下秦始皇本人，秦始皇是中国历史上第一位皇帝。他姓赢名政，公元前259年出生于战国末期赵国的都城邯郸。公元前246年13岁继承秦国皇位，公元前238年秦王嬴政开始亲自执掌国家政权。于公元前221年统一了全中国，结束了自春秋战国以来长达500多年割据称雄、大国争霸的战乱局面，建立了中国历史上第一个统一的、多民族的、中央集权制的封建帝国---秦帝国。他从三皇五帝各取一字，合称皇帝，又因是秦国第一个皇帝，故称“始皇帝”。为巩固政权创建了一整套自上而下的中央集权新制度，统一文字、法律、度量衡、货币、车轨修驰道，北击匈奴，修建万里长城，焚书坑儒等。

大家看这座山丘就是秦始皇陵，它位于西安市以东35公里风景秀丽的骊山脚下，整个陵园占地面积56.25平方公里，修建时间长达38年之久，这在中国历史上是非常罕见的。秦始皇13岁继承皇位，就开始为自己修建陵园，先后征发刑徒等70万人，大规模的营建陵园，现在的兵马俑坑只是一小部分，有陪葬坑、陪葬墓等各类遗址600多处，出土文物5万余件。汉代史学家司马迁的《史记》中对于秦始皇陵建筑的豪华、陪葬的丰富都作了比较详细的记述，但对位于秦始皇陵园东侧1.5公里处的兵马俑坑却没有一个字的记载，历代史书也没有发现有关兵马俑的记载。直到1974年3月杨志发等人在抗旱打井时偶尔发现的。经过挖掘发现共有3个兵马俑坑，一号坑，二、三号坑。1979年10月1日，一号兵马俑坑遗址保护大厅建成，并对外开放。1989年9月27日、1994年10月14日兵马俑三号坑和兵马俑二号坑也分别对外开放。

各位朋友，我们来看，这就是一号坑。它东西长230米，南北宽62米，面积14260平方米。这是一个有步兵、车兵组成的长方形军阵。根据陶俑、陶马的密度计算，一号坑可出土6000多件兵马俑。俑坑最东段站立的这三排武士，是军阵的前锋，由204名免盔束发，身着战袍的弓弩手组成;南北两侧分别面向南北的武士组成军队的侧翼;俑坑的尾端还有一列面向西的武士组成军阵的后卫;中间38路面向东的纵队是秦军的主体，有身披铠甲的步兵护卫着45辆战车组成，他们都手握兵器，威风凛凛，严阵以待。

参观完气势雄伟的面积最大的一号兵马俑坑，请大家随我到二号坑参观，二号坑面积只有一号坑的一半，面积6000平方米，出土陶制兵马俑1300多件，木质战车89辆，这是一个有车兵、步兵、骑兵、弩兵联合编组而成的曲尺形军阵，这个军队兵种多、车辆多、结构复杂。弩兵阵位于整个军阵的东部前沿，这个方阵内四面环廊，站立174件立射俑，中心部位是160件跪射俑。驷马战车方阵共有四马系驾的单猿车64乘，每乘战车有军事佣3件。军阵的中部是由19辆战车，264件步兵和8组骑兵组成的混合军阵。骑兵方阵在整个车阵的北侧，有战车6乘，陶质鞍马108匹，骑兵佣108个，这4个方阵有机联系构成一个大阵，又可以分开组成四个独立的小阵，能攻能守，自我保护力强，反映迅速。

我们在来看三号坑，三号坑面积最小，只有520平方米，共出土陶俑68件，有四马一车，兵器34件，三号坑的性质根据专家的考证，可能是一二号坑的指挥部，当时的名称叫“军幕”。原因有5点:(1)坑内的武士都是环绕四周墙壁，面对面相向排列，说明这些武士是担任警卫的卫队。(2)战车通车彩绘，上配华盖。车上的乘员头戴单卷尾长冠。这完全不同于一般的战车，应该是级别较高的指挥战车。(3)俑坑中出土的兵器大部分是铜殳，殳在当时已经由最初的实战兵器演化为仪仗队中的礼兵器了。(4)三号坑的形制和一号坑二号坑不同，它是按古代指挥部的形状构筑的。从布局上分为:南厢房车马房北厢房三单元。(5)三号坑被布置在一号坑军阵尾部左侧，二号坑军阵之后，说明它地位的重要性。所以专家们判断三号坑象征着秦国战争时的指挥部。

现在让我们前去欣赏被誉为“奇中之其，宝中之宝”的秦陵彩绘铜车马。秦陵彩绘铜车马分为前后两乘，前面这辆车叫“高车”后面的车叫“安车”高车是起保护作用的兵车，总重量1061公斤。安车是主人乘坐的车子，总重量1241公斤.两车主要用青铜铸造而成，并配有大量的金银饰件整个车马都是仿照真车真马真人制作，除尺寸约为真车真马真人的二分之一，其他都与真车真马无异，大家看蓬盖它上面没有焊缝，也没有锻打的痕迹，说明他是一次铸造而成的，并且烧铸地相当均匀，最薄的地方为一毫米，最后的地方只有4毫米，令人赞叹不已。铜车马采用了铸造，镶嵌，焊接子母扣连接等十几种工艺。最为广泛的是子母扣连接，也就是我们今天所使用的坦克手表链的连接方法，像马龙头就是由一节金管，一节银管，采用子母扣连接而成的，装饰的是缨络，采用了青铜拔丝法，青铜丝的直径只有0.1~0.5毫米，秦陵铜车马是迄今为止考古史上发现的体型最大的，结构最复杂，系驾关系最完整的一组典型的古代单辕双轮车，被誉为“青铜之冠”。

1978年法国总统希拉克参观本馆之后，感慨地说“世界上有七大奇迹，秦俑的发现可以说是第八大奇迹了，不看金字塔不算是去过埃及，不到兵马俑不算是真正来过中国”这充分表达了外国元首对中国古代文明的由衷赞叹，它不仅是奇迹，也是我们中华名组的骄傲!

我的讲解到这里就结束了，希望我有限的解说能给大家带来无限的收获和快乐，并祝愿各位在以后的旅途中愉快顺利!

尊敬的女士们、先生们：

今天，我们将参观秦兵马俑博物馆，

秦始皇兵马俑导游词。秦兵马俑博物馆位于酉安市东35公里处，从喜来登酒店坐车到那里大约需要50分钟时间。自秦兵马俑博物馆于1979年10月1日开馆至今，已有为效众多国家的党政首脑都参观过这个博物馆，更有数以百万计的中外游客不远干里来参观这个人类奇迹。法国总统希拉克曾留言说过：“世界上原有七大奇迹，秦兵马俑的发现，可以说是第八大奇迹了。不看金字塔.不算真正到过埃及‘不看秦俑，不算真正到过中国。”美国前副总统蒙代尔也说;“这是真正的奇迹。全世界人民都应该到这里看一看。”从这些高度凝练的话语中，我们不难看出秦俑的历史价值及艺术价值。下面，我想把秦始皇这位成就一代伟业的历史巨人介绍给诸位，以便使大家能对秦始皇兵马俑和与之相关的历史有一个较详尽的了解。

谈秦兵马俑，必须先介绍一下面赢政。公元前259年，一代伟人赢政诞生了。13岁时，其父死后.他继承了王位。按照泰国惯例.国王在22岁举行过“加冕礼”以后，才可以亲自执政。当时.秦国的大权仍攀握在太后、相国吕不韦、宦官谬瘪(160 6i)手中。特别是螺贞.手握大权，炙手可热，他见宛改逐渐长大，便阴谋叛乱.夺取政权。公元前238年，22岁的赢政去故都雍城纳新年宫举行加冕礼。谬酉在从霸年宫回咸阳的路上埋下伏兵，准备将赢政杀死。当赢政察觉此事后，凭优势兵力订败锣盔，将其生擒并车裂致死。赢政亲致以后.以吕不韦放纵嫁亮为名，放逐日不韦。吕不韦后来饮毒洒自毙。这样，赢政顺利地消灭了政权内部的两大敌对势力，巩固了自身的地位。

为了进一步巩固君主权力，赢政选用了一批精明强干酌文臣武将，如掌握军事的尉缭，攀管国欧的李斯。接着，赢政制定了远交近攻、离间外敌、各个击破的战赂方针，开始统一中国，结束了春秋战国以来长达500多年各诸侯国割据称雄的混乱局面。从公元前230年到公元前221年，在不到io年的时间里，泰国灭亡了6国，终于完成了统一大业，建立了第一个中央集权的封建国家，为封建社会经济、政治、思想文化的迅速发展奠定了基矗这又一次显示了赢政的维才大赂。

赢政称自己为始皇帝.因为他希望他的子孙后代能把他所创立的政权干代万代传下去。为此.他整顿了官僚制度。第一.从中央到地方的官吏全由他亲自任免;第二，废除分封制，推行郡县制。第三.秦始皇还统一了法律、文字、货币、度量衡等。这些措施极大地推动了封建社会政治、经济、文化的发展，

另外，他还征用劳役，广修驰道，使各地交通便利，以利经济文化的交流。他将战国时期秦、赵、燕三国修筑的长城连在一起后.又加以扩展，形成了西起甘肃临挑，东到辽东因石的万里长城，有效地遏制tjb方游牧部族对案朝的骚扰。

中国皇帝大都为自己营造巨大而豪华的陵墓。在这一点上，案始皇也不例外。在他13岁刚即位时，就下令为其修建陵墓。这座原高120米.周长2019多米的巨大陵丘、虽经风雨侵蚀和人为破坏，现在仍有76米之高，g长400多米之大.案始皇把都城威阳微缩于自己的陵园内，其布局几乎完全相同。陵园内城西北部为献殿建筑区，陵东北部洼地是用以祭记的养鱼池，陵园外城西北角是石料加工场.陵西外城之外是一个大坟常据史书记载，秦朝全国总人口约2019万，壮丁不过700万，而筑陵时，壮丁最多达70万，可见工程之浩大。

案始皇的陵寝如同一座庞大的地下宫殿，真可谓是一座地下“福地天堂”。墓室屋顶有天文星宿图，t是由各种均馅生辉的珠宝构成的，下边有五岳、九州以及由机械驱动水银构成的江河湖海。另外，还没有让百官朝拜案始皇的大厅。为防止盗威，每座墓门上都安有自动发射的弓箭。整个陵墓可以说是一个金碧辉煌，固若金汤的地下王官。案始皇把生前所享受的一切也搬到了地下.供他在另一个世界继续享用。他连那些为他伴驾b不曾生育的宫女，以及辛勤修建地下陵寝的工匠们都不放过.下令在他人殆时，将这些人统统活埋，为的是不让宫女外嫁他人，不让陵寝内的秘密泄露。

现在，我们面对的是秦俑馆一号坑，坑里就是号称“世界第八大奇迹”的秦兵马俑。面对威武整肃的庞大军阵，你们的脑子里一定会闪现如下问题：这些秦佣是怎么发现的?为什么他们的相貌各异?为什么要制作这些俑?1、2、3号坑里共有多少俑等等。好，现在我就一一回答大家的这些问题。

这些俑是1974年3月西杨村农民们在打井的过程中发现的。据村里的老人讲.早在明朝，就有人在这里发现了秦俑。有一天，住在村里的难民在村外空地上订了一口井，井水清澈，甚是喜人，可是第二天他们却发现井底的水不见了。他们中胆大的腰系绳子，下去查看。不一会儿.井里传来惊叫声，上面的人暖紧把井里的人拉上来。这人说，他看见一个站立着的、身穿盔甲的怪物.伸手要抓他。听者都非常害怕，想赶快用土回填那口井。但他们最终决定报告文物部门。

经过考古专家们的勘探、鉴定.秦捅馆内的t、2、3号坑被确认为案始皇棱的陪葬坑。从1974年到1979年，经过5年的艰苦努力，在1号坑遗址上矗立起一座气势宏伟、结构科学的建筑物。这就是1979年10月对国内外游客开放的素兵马俑1号坑。3号坑在1989年9月27日——世界旅游日对外开放。现在，在2号坑的遗址上，一座大理石建筑又落成了，它于1994年11月开始接待游客。从此，3个俑坑全都被保护在建筑物里，不再经受风吹日晒雨淋。在供游人观看、怀古的同时，考古工作者们还在这里继续发掘整理兵马俑。

大家看，这伟大的历史遗迹展现在我们眼前了!我们的西安临潼有三个秦兵马俑佣坑，共有三20xx0平方米，差不多有五十个篮球场那么大，坑内的兵马俑近八千个。在三个俑坑中一号坑最大，东西长230米，南北宽62米，总面积14260平方米;坑里的兵马俑当然也最多，有六千多个呢!一号坑上面已经起了一座巨大的拱形大厅。

走进大厅，站在高处鸟瞰，就会看见坑里的兵马俑，一行行，一列列十分整齐，排成了一个巨大的长方形军阵，像是秦始皇当年统率的一支南征北战、所向披靡的大军。

Dear passenger friend

Xinyang City is located in the south of Henan Province. The total area isabout 18293 square kilometers, accounting for 11% of the provinces total area,and the population is about 7.7 million. During the period of the new democraticrevolution, it was the center of the red region of Hubei, Henan and Anhui, thesecond revolutionary base in China, and made great contributions to the Chineserevolution.

Xinyang area is adjacent to Dabie Mountain in the South and Tongbaimountain in the southwest. The Dabie Mountains extend from east to west, forminga watershed between the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River. Here, reservoirs,ponds, weirs, scattered, wide water area, rich aquatic biological resources,high fishery yield. The main food crops are rice and wheat. Therefore, Xinyangis known as the "land of fish and rice" in Henan Province.

Xinyang is located in the transition zone between subtropical zone and warmtemperate zone, with mild climate and four distinct seasons. Xinyang is rich invarious resources. Xinyang Maojian, one of the top ten famous teas in China, isfamous for its beautiful shape, green color, high fragrance and strong taste;there are non-metallic minerals perlite and bentonite with the first reservesand quality in China; there are ginkgo resources with the first output in China.In recent years, Xinyangs industry has developed by leaps and bounds, and hasformed an industrial system dominated by electric power, textile, buildingmaterials, chemical industry, machinery, food, medicine, etc.

Well, Ill give you a brief introduction to the basic situation of XinyangCity. Now lets start to visit todays first scenic spot - Jigong Mountain.

Jigong Mountain, formerly known as Jichi mountain, is located 38 kilometerssouth of Xinyang City. The main peak, 784 meters above sea level, looks like aroosters neck to announce the dawn, so it is called baoxiaofeng. On both sidesof the main peak are the winding Linghua mountain and the winding Changlingmountain, just like the wings of a rooster. The whole image is like a roosterstanding among the mountains with his head high and wings high, which isparticularly spectacular, so it is named Jigong Mountain.

Jigong Mountain is a national key scenic spot. In May 1988, the StateCouncil listed Jigong Mountain as a national forest and Wildlife Nature Reserve.It is one of the famous summer resorts in China, and has been well-known both athome and abroad as early as the beginning of this century. It is a naturalscenic area composed of strange peaks and rocks, cloud sea and fog tide, springstream waterfall, trees and flowers, villa and many other landscapes.

Jigong Mountain, located between Dabie Mountain and Tongbai mountain, is atransition zone from subtropical zone to warm temperate zone with abundantrainfall and humid climate. The annual rainfall is 1346.9 mm and the averageannual temperature is 12 ℃. In summer, the climate is cool and pleasant, with anaverage temperature of 23.7 ℃ and a maximum temperature of 32 ℃. In summer,afternoon is like autumn and night is like early winter. It has a goodreputation of "people dying in the heat of the dog days, and people suspectingimmortals in the cool days".

The sea of clouds in Jigong Mountain is also spectacular, with thereputation of "cloud Park". Jigong Mountain is dotted with springs, which iscalled "ten springs and nine waterfalls". Beside the lotus pool on the top ofthe mountain, there is "Baojian spring", which is the top of the mountainsprings. There are "Puji spring" in the South Street, "Longkou spring" at thecage entrance, "Ganquan" at the two gates, "Jigong spring" and "Xiaoxia spring".There are more than 20 waterfalls in Jigong Mountain. Except xiangshuitangwaterfall in the west, the rest are distributed in Donggou, so it is calledDonggou waterfall group.

Jigong Mountain was first developed in Ming Dynasty. In 1903, Americanmissionaries DILIN Li Lisheng and Shi Doug and their party climbed mountains forsummer vacation. Later, they publicized in Western newspapers and praised JigongMountain for its "deep and secluded mountain path, sweet spring, fresh climateand suitable for summer vacation". As a result, pastors, missionaries, wealthybusinessmen and Chinese bureaucrats and warlords from more than 20 countrieshave flocked to build more than 500 villas of Chinese and Western styles. "Thereis a new world in Taoyuan, and nine flags flying in ten winds" is the trueportrayal of that time. After several wars and natural damages, there are now212 buildings. Some people regard Jigongshan villas as "World ArchitectureExpo".

Well, we have come to the foot of Jigong Mountain now. Please follow me toclimb the mountain. There are two ways to climb Jigong Mountain: one is theancient plank road for climbing, which people can climb up; the other is thewinding mountain road built in 1963, which can be used for riding up themountain. Today, we choose to climb the mountain on foot. We can get to the topof the mountain by walking 4 kilometers. Although we will be tired, the sceneryalong the way is very beautiful, which makes you feel worthwhile.

Climbing plank road is the main access to the central tourist area on themountain. The main scenic spots are Baibuti, Zhongtianmen, niuerzhai, eightcharacter stone carvings, five strange stones, erdaomen, Ganquan, doushiya, cagemouth, etc.

Now we are going to climb a hundred steps ladder, with a total of more than400 steps. Please be prepared. Ill lead you on a hike. After a hundred steps,its Zhongtian gate. Zhongtian gate, also known as a gate, is the first hill onthe ancient mountain road. Originally, there was no door here. It was built bythe Nature Reserve Administration in 1990 for tourists to rest. On the hillsideson both sides of a gate, there are winding stone walled walled villages andgates, which are shaped like cows ears. People call it "cows ears Village". Itis said that it was the place where the peasants revolted and stationed troopsin the late Tang Dynasty. Because of many wars in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,the mountain people used to avoid the disaster of soldiers.

OK, please stop and look at this cliff stone carving, which is called"eight character stone carving" by local people. On this stone wall, there areeight big characters inscribed in the official script of "Qing Fen Chu Yu, Qi QiSong Heng". Each character is 50 cm square, two lines vertically, and two meterslong. It is inscribed by Jie Jue Guang, the first public security director ofJigong Mountain, in the 23rd year of the Republic of China. Chu Yu generallyrefers to the South and the north, narrowly refers to Hubei, Henan, andsongheng, and refers to Songshan, which vividly represents the geographicallocation and magnificent spirit of Jigong Mountain .

Now, we are standing on the viewing platform. Please look south. On theopposite ridge, there are jagged rocks, some like crawling turtles, some likejumping frogs, some like foraging boars, some like flying eagles, and some likeTaoist worship. People call it the five grotesque rocks. It is said that thefive strange stones are the incarnations of five scholars who failed in theexamination. They heard that "the cock has a spirit and will respond to anyrequest", so they went up to the mountain to burn incense and appeal to the cockto protect his name on the list. Jigong turned into a firewood collector. Whenhe met one of the five people, he asked, "old man, is Jigong alive?" one asked,"how far is it to the top of the mountain? Im tired to death." some even saidsome rude words to the old man. Jigong saw that they didnt study hard, theywere afraid of hardship and tiredness when they went up the mountain, they werejust a bag of rice and wine, and they were useless to the society, so he turnedthem into strange stones and left them on the way forever. He taught futuregenerations not to be afraid of hardship and hard struggle, and to become aperson who was beneficial to the society. Only in this way can we have todays"five strange stones".

Hello everyone! Welcome to Badaling scenic spot for sightseeing. Im veryglad to accompany you today. I hope you can have a good time in Badaling.

The Great Wall is a magnificent defensive building in ancient China. Itstarts from Shanhaiguan in the East and ends at Jiayuguan in the west, and runsacross the north of China. Winding more than 12000 Li, it is famous for the"Great Wall". It was listed in the world cultural heritage list in 1987. It iscalled "the longest defensive wall in the world" by experts and scholars.

The first time that China built the Great Wall was in the spring and AutumnPeriod in the 7th century BC, and the earliest country to build the Great Wallwas the state of Chu. The great wall of the state of Chu is called "Fangcheng"in historical records, with a length of nearly a thousand li. Qi was also one ofthe earliest states to build the Great Wall. The great wall of Qi started fromPingyin in Shandong Province in the West and entered the sea in the East. It isthe most preserved site of the Great Wall in the spring and Autumn period.

Qin Shihuang was born in 220 BC__ After the unification of China in 1949,the old Great Wall in the north of Qin, Zhao and Yan was first repaired. At thecost of "building a city of thousands of miles and building a people ofthousands of miles", he began to build the Great Wall, which is more than 7000kilometers long, from Lintao in the west to Liaodong in the East. Since then,the Great Wall has stood in the east of the world, experiencing thousands ofyears of wind, frost, rain and snow.

In the early Western Han Dynasty, in order to resist aggression and protectthe newly developed "Silk Road". It has built a great wall of more than 10000kilometers from Lop Nor in Xinjiang in the west to Liaodong in the East. This isalso the longest Great Wall in the history of our country.

After the establishment of Ming Dynasty, it faced the threat of Mongoliaand Jurchen. From the beginning of Zhu Yuanzhang, General Xu Da was sent northto build the Great Wall. Until the end of Ming Dynasty, it was overhauled 18times, lasting more than 260 years. Until Hongzhi 20__ In, it was completed fromthe Yalu River in the east to Jiayuguan in the West. Through Liaoning, Hebei,Beijing, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Gansu and other provinces andautonomous regions. The Great Wall is more than 12700 Li long. And along theGreat Wall is divided into nine defense areas, known as "nine sides and ninetowns". Moreover, in many important pass areas, especially in the north ofBeijing City, multiple walls were built. These are the Badaling Great Wall wesee now.

The scale of the Great Wall built in the Qin, Han and Ming Dynasties is thelargest compared with other dynasties. So the three construction climaxes inhistory are the Qin Dynasty, the Han Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty.

Now, let me introduce the Badaling Great Wall. Badaling Great Wall islocated in Yanqing County, northwest of Beijing. It is the best preservedsection of the Great Wall in Beijing with the best engineering quality and themost rigorous structure. This section of the great wall takes the urn city asthe center, reaching the seventh floor in the South and the twelfth floor in thenorth, with a total length of 4770 meters. It is the only channel leading to theoutside of the Great Wall in Beijing area and the front position of Juyongguan.From here, you can reach Yongning and Sihai in the East, Xuanhua and Datong inthe west, Jingcheng in the south, Yanqing in the north and Badaling in alldirections. Badaling pass was built in 1520__ The city is 7.5 meters high and 4meters thick. There is a plaque on each of the East and West gates, with "JuyongWai Town" in the East and "north gate lock key" in the West. At the entrance ofGuancheng, there is a cannon with a length of 2.85 meters and a caliber of 10.5cm, which is called "Shenwei general". Now lets look at the wall of the GreatWall in Badaling. This section of the city wall is about 5.8 meters narrow atthe top and 6.5 meters wide at the bottom. It consists of four basic structures.1、 City wall, two, city tower, three, pass, four, beacon tower. There is aticket door in the wall and a stone ladder in the middle. The top can hold 5horses in parallel. Beacon tower is also known as beacon, beacon, wolf Yantai.It is independent of the city wall, almost every other mile there is a, composedof the Great Wall defense alarm system.

Whenever enemy troops invade, the beacon towers burn beacon fires to conveymilitary information. Burning smoke during the day is called beacon. At night afire is called a flint. And because wolf dung is often used as fuel, the smokeis high and hard to dissipate, so it is also called "wolf smoke". Moreover, itwas stipulated in the Ming Dynasty. More than 100 of the invading soldiers lit acigarette and fired a gun, about 500 soldiers fired two cigarettes and two guns,more than 1000 soldiers fired three cigarettes and three guns, more than 5000soldiers fired four cigarettes and four guns, if more than 10000 soldiers wereinvolved, five cigarettes and five guns.

From Badaling to the south is the famous Xiongguan, Juyong Pass. JuyongPass is one of the most famous passes of the great wall and an important barrierto the northwest of ancient Beijing. It got its name from Qin Shihuangsconstruction of the Great Wall. That is to say, the prisoners and the people whohave been punished in the palace are caught here to let them build the GreatWall. And lived. Juyongguan was called juyongsai in Han Dynasty and junduguan inSui Dynasty. When it was rebuilt in the Ming Dynasty, it became the strongestsection of the Ming Great Wall. There are both military headquarters andadministrative organizations here. Juyong Pass in ancient times was also lushwith extraordinary scenery. Juyong jucui, one of the eight famous scenic spotsin Yanjing, refers to this place. In addition, there are many places ofinterest, such as Yang LIULANGs Shuanmazhuang, Mu Guiyings dianjiangtai, andbaifengzhong, where dragons and phoenixes play. Not only that, but also JuyongGuanzhong has a white jade platform, called Yuntai, which was built in 1345.Because there were three Tibetan pagodas built on the stage and the couponsunder the stage, it was originally called "crossing the street pagoda". In theearly Ming Dynasty, the pagoda was destroyed, and then the Taian temple wasbuilt. In the early Qing Dynasty, the temple was destroyed again, and now thereare only pillar bases and watchposts. There are also six kinds of seal cuttingscriptures in Sanskrit, Tibetan and basiba on the inner wall, which areimportant objects for studying ancient Chinese characters.

Having said so much, let me tell you a story to relax. The name of thestory is called "Meng Jiangnu crying the Great Wall". Its about Qin Shihuangbuilding the Great Wall. At that time, in order to speed up the project, itbegan to draw civil servants from all over the country. Meng Jiangnus husband,fan Qiliang, was also transferred to build the Great Wall soon after herwedding.

In the twinkling of an eye, three years later, fan Qiliang never heard fromhim. Meng Jiangnu couldnt eat well and sleep well. Suddenly, one night. MengJiangnu had a dream that her husband was hungry and cold, and his clothes didntcover her body. She kept shouting "Im cold, Im hungry!" Meng Jiangnu woke upand decided to go to her husband, and brought him dry food and warm clothes. Allthe way along the Great Wall in search of his husband. She went to Shanhaiguanto find out that many people had died to build the Great Wall. Her husband, fanQiliang, was also tired to death and buried under the Great Wall. This news islike a bolt from the blue, Meng Jiangnu immediately began to cry, crying earthshaking, sections of the great wall collapsed, eight hundred miles long. Now theproject manager was in a hurry to report to Qin Shihuang who was coming here toinspect the progress of the project. The first emperor of Qin sent someone toarrest Meng Jiangnu to find out the reason. After seeing her, Qin Shihuang wasfascinated by her beauty and insisted on calling her "empress Zhenggong".Although Meng Jiangnu was full of anger, she still held down her hatred and hadan idea. She had to ask Qin Shihuang to agree to her three conditions before shecould become the "Empress of the palace". The first is to find the body of hishusband fan Qiliang; the second is to hold a state funeral for his husband; andthe third is to ask the first emperor of Qin to wear mourning and flag for fanQiliang. After listening to the three conditions proposed by Meng Jiangnu, thefirst emperor of Qin thought for a moment. In order to get the beautiful MengJiangnu, he insisted. Meng Jiangnu, wearing filial piety, paid homage to thetomb of fan Zhaliang, who died for the construction of the city. Her longcherished wish was fulfilled. Facing the rolling Bohai Sea, she jumped up andthrew herself into the sea.

At the end of the story, do you think Qin Shihuang is fatuous andoverbearing? Lets ignore him first. Start climbing the great wall and be ahero!!

大家好!欢迎大家到八达岭景区观光旅游。今天有幸陪同大家一起参观，我很高兴，希望各位能在八达岭度过一段美好的时光。

长城是我们古代一项极为雄伟的防御性建筑，它东起山海关，西至嘉峪关，横贯我国北部。婉蜒一万两千多里，故以“万里长城”闻名于世。并于1987年被列入《世界文化遗产名录》。被专家学者们称为“世界上最长的防御性城墙”。

中国最早修建长城是在公元前7世纪的春秋时期，最早修筑长城的国家是楚国。楚国长城在历史文献记载上称作“方城”，长度近千里。齐国也是诸侯国中修筑长城较早的国家，齐长城西起山东平阴，东入大海。是春秋时期长城中遗址保存最多的。

秦始皇于公元前220__年统一中国后，先修缮了秦、赵、燕三国北部的部分旧长城。并开始以“修万里城，筑万里人”的代价修建西起临洮、东到辽东，长达7000多千米的长城。从此万里长城巍然屹立于世界的东方，经历千百年的风霜雨雪。

西汉初期，为了抵御侵略和保护新开发的“丝绸之路”。修筑了西起新疆罗布泊，东到辽东，长达一万多千米的长城。这也是我国历史上最长的一条长城。

明朝建立后，面对蒙古和女真的威胁。从朱元璋开始就派大将徐达北上修筑长城。直到明朝灭亡，先后大修十八次，历时260余年。直到弘治20__年，才完成了东起鸭绿江边，西到嘉峪关。途经辽宁、河北、北京、山西、陕西、内蒙古、宁夏、甘肃等省市自治区。全长12700多里的长城。并把长城沿线划分为九个防御区域，称为“九边九镇”。而且还在许多重要关隘地区，特别是北京城的北面，修筑了多重城墙。这些就是我们现在所看到的八达岭长城了。

秦、汉、明三朝在历史上修筑长城的规模，相比其他朝代来讲是最大的。所以说在历史上的三次修筑高潮就是秦朝、汉朝、明朝。

现在，我就来介绍一下八达岭长城。八达岭长城位于北京西北部的延庆县，是北京地区长城中保存最完好，工程质量最佳，结构最严谨的一段。这段长城以瓮城为中心，南至七楼，北到十二楼，全长4770米。它是北京地区通向塞外的唯一通道，是居庸关的前沿阵地。由此地东可到永宁、四海，西可到宣化、大同，南可抵京城，北可通延庆，四通八达，所以叫做八达岭。八达岭关城建于1520__年，城高7.5米，厚4米。东西两门各有一块牌匾，东为“居庸外镇”，西为“北门锁钥”。关城入口处有一尊长2.85米，口径10.5厘米的大炮名叫“神威大将军”。现在请大家看八达岭这段长城的城墙。这段城墙上窄下宽，上窄约5.8米，下宽约6.5米。分别由四种基本构造构成。一、城墙，二、城台，三、关隘，四、烽火台。墙内有券门，中间有石梯相连。顶部可容5匹马并行。烽火台又称烽堠、烽燧、狼烟台。它独立于城墙之外，几乎每隔一里就有一座，组成了万里长城的防御报警系统。

每当有敌兵进犯的时候，烽火台就燃烽火，传递军情。白天燃烟称烽。夜晚举火称燧。又因为经常用狼粪做燃料，烟飘的高又不易消散，所以也叫做“狼烟”。而且，在明朝规定。来犯敌兵百余人点一烟放一炮，五百人左右两烟两炮，千余人以上三烟三炮，五千人以上四烟四炮，如果事万人以上，五烟五炮。

从八达岭一直向南，就是著名的雄关——居庸关了。居庸关是万里长城最有名的关隘之一，为古代北京西北的重要屏障。以秦始皇修长城“徙居庸徒于此”而得名。也就是说把囚犯、和受过宫刑的人，抓到这里来让他们修长城。并且居住了下来。居庸关在汉朝时叫居庸塞，隋朝叫军都关。到了明朝重新修筑后，成了明长城中最坚固的一段。这里既有军事指挥部、又有行政管理机构。古时的居庸关同样林木葱郁，景致非凡，著名的燕京八景之一“居庸叠翠”指的就是这里了。除此之外还有许多名胜古迹，象杨六郎的栓马桩、穆桂英的点将台、游龙戏凤的白凤冢等七十二处名胜。不但如此，而且居庸关中还有一座始建于1345年的汉白玉高台，人称云台。因台上曾建有3座藏式佛塔，台下为券门，故原称“过街塔”。明初佛塔被毁，后又建泰安寺。清朝前期，寺又被毁，现仅有柱础和望柱。内壁还留有用梵文、藏文、八思巴文等6种文字篆刻的经文，是研究我国古代文字的重要实物。

说了这么多了，下面我给大家讲一个故事来放松一下。故事的名字呢就叫做“孟姜女哭长城”。说的是秦始皇修筑长城的事。当时为了加快工程速度，又开始在全国各地抽调民夫。孟姜女的丈夫范杞梁在新婚不久，也被抽调去充当修长城的民夫了。

转眼三年过去了，范杞梁杳无音信，急得孟姜女吃不好睡不香。突然，有一天夜里。孟姜女做梦，梦到他的丈夫饥寒交迫，衣不遮体，还不停的喊“我冷啊，我饿呀!”孟姜女惊醒后决定去找丈夫，并给他带上了干粮和御寒的衣服。一路沿着长城寻找他的丈夫。她四处打听，走到山海关才知道，为修长城死了很多人，丈夫范杞梁也被累死了，并埋在长城下，尸骨都找不到。这一消息如同晴天霹雳，孟姜女顿时就伤心地痛哭起来，哭得惊天动地，长城一段段的倒塌，足有八百里长。这下可急坏了工程总管，急忙去报告正来此巡查工程进展的秦始皇。秦始皇赶忙派人把孟姜女抓来寻问根由。当见到之后，秦始皇却被她的美貌迷住了，非要封她为"正宫娘娘"。孟姜女虽然怒火满腔，但还是压住心头仇恨，灵机一动，将计就计地非要秦始皇答应她三个条件，之后才能当"正宫娘娘"。一要找到丈夫范杞梁的尸体;二要为其丈夫举行国葬;三要秦始皇为范杞梁披麻戴孝、打幡送葬。秦始皇听罢孟姜女提的三个条件，思索片刻，为了得到貌美如花的孟姜女，便硬着头皮答应下来，孟姜女戴着孝拜了为筑城而死的范札梁坟墓后，宿愿已偿，面对滚滚的渤海，纵身一跃，投海自尽了。

故事讲完了，大家觉得秦始皇是不是昏庸霸道?咱们先不管他怎么样。开始登长城做好汉吧!!

在150年前，上海仅是江南沿海的一个中等县城，航运事业很不发达，人们没必要、也没能力在沿江修筑堤岸，所以除东门黄浦江岸外大部分江岸是一片自然滩地。退潮时，江水聚滞在河床中心，露出一大片滩地。涨潮时，江水又没过河滩。黄浦江是上海的主要河道。由于江宽水急，逆水而行的船只就须拉纤行走。几百年来，纤夫的足迹就在黄浦江滩踩出一条曲折多弯的小道，人们称之“纤道”，这纤道就是外滩最早的路了。

在上海的地名习惯用词中，一般把河流的上游叫作“里”，河流的下游叫作“外”，如今天上海人习惯把虹口港上的汉阳路桥叫作“里虹桥”，把长治路桥叫作“中虹桥”，把大名路桥叫作“外虹桥”，就是根据桥所在河流的位置来取名的。同样，今苏州河入黄浦江口的第一座桥叫作“外白渡桥”，依次向里的桥也俗称“里白渡桥”(今乍浦路桥)、三白渡桥(今四川路桥)。如以县城为依据时，距城近的地方称为“里”，距城远的地方称为“外”，今南市区的“里咸瓜街”和“外咸瓜街”;“里仓桥”和“外仓桥”等就是以此得名的。

进入上海县城附近的黄浦江在陆家浜出口处形成一个急弯，于是上海人就以陆家浜为界，其上游称为“里黄浦”，下游称为“外黄浦”。里黄浦的河滩叫作“里黄浦滩”，简称“里滩”，外黄浦的滩地就叫作“外黄浦滩”，简称“外滩”。

1840年以后，上海作为五个通商口岸之一，对外开放，1845年英国殖民主义者抢占外滩，建立了英租界。1849年，法国殖民者也抢占外滩建立了法租界。自此至20世纪40年代初，外滩一直被英租界和法租界占据，并分别被叫作“英租界外滩”和“法兰西外滩”。公共租界的工部局和法租界的公董局分别为它们的最高市政组织和领导机构。

各位游客，你们好!欢迎大家到兵马俑来参观，我就是你们的导游，我姓宋，你们可以叫我老宋。

秦兵马俑在我国的的临潼出土，现在已经发掘了3个俑坑。大家看，我手指的地方就是一号俑坑，它的总面积为14260平方米，坑里的兵马俑有六千多个。

秦兵马俑不仅规模宏大，而且类型众多，个性鲜明。

让我来给大家介绍一下吧!将军俑意气风发，肩负重任;武士俑英姿飒爽，威武雄壮;骑兵俑勇猛善战，斗志昂扬;陶马跃跃欲试，精神抖擞。

当然，秦兵马俑也是神态各异的，瞧，它们有的若有所思，好像在思考一个问题;有的抬起头来，看着白云，好像在消磨时光;有的紧握双拳，好像在暗下决心，非把敌人消灭不可!

相信大家听我这么一介绍，一定也想去秦兵马俑参观了吧!

各位朋友:

大家好。

今天我们将要参观的是有着“千年长旱不断流，万年连雨水碧青”美誉的金鞭溪。金鞭溪是世界上最美丽的峡谷之一。整个峡谷全长大约7.5千米。金鞭溪就好比是张家界这位“绝代佳人”身上的一条蓝色丝巾，她把“奇峰三千，秀水八百”的山水美发挥到了极致。

那么金鞭溪究竟是一条什么样的峡谷呢?著名文学界沈从文先生赞誉她是“张家界的少女”，当年张家界的宣传者----著名画家吴冠中先生在此曾赞叹她是“一片童话般的世界”，现在就请大家跟随我，沿着吴老和沈老当年的足迹去揭开金鞭溪神秘的面纱吧!

请大家注意看左边这些奇特的植物，它就是国家一级保护植物——珙桐。珙桐是多年生木本花卉，通常在春末夏初的时节开花，花呈白色，柱头上略带一点紫红，很像鸽子的头和嘴，花身有两片又大又长的苞片，像是一对翅膀，整个花朵的形状就像一只放飞的鸽子。这是我国特有的珍贵树种。因而，外国人亲切的称它为“中国鸽子花”。

现在大家请看眼前峡谷的两旁，这种高大而华贵的塔形树。这也是国家一级保护植物——水杉。水杉是一种非常古老的树种。人们曾经以为已经在第四季冰川袭击时期绝迹了。然而，1941年，我国的植物学家在四川省的万县磨刀沟发现了它。1982年，开发张家界时，人们发现这里长着大面积的水杉及3000多种的珍奇植物。这真是大自然赐予的一笔巨大的财富啊。

大家请往右边看，前面这一座高耸入云的石柱，这就是闻名遐迩的金鞭岩，而金鞭溪就是因为常年流经此岩而得名的。它高378米，方方正正，上细下粗，棱角分明，如同一只高举的钢鞭，直指云霄，令人望而生畏，加上其岩石结构为红色石英砂岩和石灰岩，在阳光照射下，金光闪闪，故名金鞭岩。金鞭岩是整个张家界景区最高，最陡，最壮观的石峰，人们称赞它是“名山大川处处有，唯有金鞭奇上奇”!

更为奇特的还有呢，再请大家看看紧紧依偎着神鞭左边的巨峰，它好像一只雄鹰，鹰头高昂，凌空展翅，一只翅膀还有力地半抱着金鞭岩，气势雄伟，所以叫“神鹰护鞭”，这也是金鞭溪的王牌景点之一。

旅客们：

大家好!我姓吕，是去秦兵马俑的导游。我很荣幸能为大家服务，希望我们今天过得愉快。

现在我们就要出发前去举世闻名的秦兵马俑了。

大家看，这伟大的历史遗迹展现在我们眼前了!我们的西安临潼有三个秦兵马俑佣坑，共有三20xx0平方米，差不多有五十个篮球场那么大，坑内的兵马俑近八千个。在三个俑坑中一号坑最大，东西长230米，南北宽62米，总面积14260平方米;坑里的兵马俑当然也最多，有六千多个呢!一号坑上面已经起了一座巨大的拱形大厅。走进大厅，站在高处鸟瞰，就会看见坑里的兵马俑，一行行，一列列十分整齐，排成了一个巨大的长方形军阵，像是秦始皇当年统率的一支南征北战、所向披靡的大军。

大家快看，将军俑身材魁梧，头戴褐冠，身披铠甲，手握宝剑，昂首挺胸。看他那神态自若的表情就知道是久经沙场，重任在肩。

大家看，武士俑平均身高1。8米，体形匀称。他们身穿战袍，披挂铠甲，脚登前端向上翘起的战靴，手持兵器，整装待发。

Xintiandi is divided into two parts: Nan Li and Bei Li. Modern buildingsare the main buildings in South Lane, and old buildings in Shikumen aresubsidiary. In the northern part of the block, the old buildings of Shikumen aremainly preserved, and the old and the new interact with each other. Nanli builta building with a total floor area of 25, The shopping, entertainment andleisure center with an area of 5000 square meters was officially opened in themiddle of 20__. This glass curtain wall building full of modern feeling hasentered into various distinctive businesses. In addition to restaurants from allover the world, it also includes the favorite fashion shops, fashion jewelryshops, food Square, cinema and one-stop Fitness Center for young people Localand foreign consumers and tourists provide a diversified and tastefulentertainment hot spot. Beili is composed of many old houses in Shikumen. Itcombines modern architecture, decoration and equipment, and turns into a numberof high-end consumer places and restaurants. Xingye Road, the watershed betweenNanli and Beili, is the site of the first National Congress of the CommunistParty of China. The Shikumen building along the street will also become a citylandscape that condenses history, culture and art.

Beside the Shanghai Xintiandi, the Taiping Bridge Park green space andartificial lake have been opened. The green space occupies forty-four thousandsquare meters and is located in the central area of the entire Taiping Bridgeproject. Tall trees are planted in the park to build low slope landscape andprovide rest space. The park center has built the largest artificial lake in thecenter of Shanghai, covering 12000 square meters. There are large fountains inthe center of the lake, and two small islands are dotted at the East and Westends of the lake, named "Yulan island" and "Hehuan island". The green spacearound the artificial lake fluctuates, and various trees and shrubs are planted.A new one thousand and two hundred metre long Lake Road along the northern sideof the green space has a beautiful curve along the artificial lake. It is linkedto the Shikumen Shanghai style building in Xintiandi square, and becomes aunique new sight in the center of the city.

Before the development of Xintiandi project, it is a building with nearly acentury of history. Shikumen architecture, which began to appear in the middleof the 19th century, has a deep historical mark. It is a product of thecombination of Chinese and Western culture, and also represents the modernhistory and culture of Shanghai. However, with the continuous development of thecity, the former Shikumen has long been unable to meet the living needs andgradually faded out of the historical stage. Some experts have anxiouslypredicted that Shanghai will not see the original Shikumen in the 21stcentury.

In 1997, the Ruian group put forward a new concept of building renovationof Shikumen: changing the original living function, giving it new commercialvalue, transforming the old Shikumen old city into a new city full of vitality.The total investment of the project was about 150 million dollars, and itstarted in early 1999. The first phase of Xintiandi square was built at the endof 20__.

The clear water brick wall of Shikumen building is one of thecharacteristics of this kind of building. In order to emphasize the sense ofhistory, the designer decided to keep the original bricks and tiles as buildingmaterials. Modern facilities, including ground floor optical fiber cables andair conditioning systems, have been installed in the old houses to ensure thathouses are more functional and reliable. Nowadays, Xintiandi has become a newlandmark in Shanghai.

My hometown is in the beautiful Ningbo, which is a coastal city with a longhistory and developed economy.

There are sweet and sour red bayberry, juicy Fenghua peach, delicious newyear cake, fragrant dumplings and seafood.

Historical sites include the Ming Dynastys private library "TianyiPavilion", which has a splendid stage and thousands of ancient books. Someancient books you cant even find a second one in the whole world. There arealso drum towers that are still well preserved, on which there is a huge clock,which tirelessly tells people the time every day and rings the bell for peopleto make progress; there are Tianfeng pagodas built in the Tang Dynasty, whichhave four floors underground, in which there are valuable treasures; There isalso the Baoguo temple built in the Qing Dynasty, in which there is a woodenBuddhist hall with complex and exquisite structure. Even spiders cant weavewebs in it, and mice dare not go in. There are also Tiantong temple, Asokatemple and other places of interest.

Come to the busy street, the long road, a car come and go, stream. The tallbuildings are almost to the top of the sky. Come to the shopping mall TianyiSquare, there are all kinds of goods in it. If anyone goes in, he will come outwith a big bag of clothes. Tianyi Square is surrounded by music fountains ofdifferent shapes, and the square is surrounded by colorful beauties, likegraceful beauties. There is a big screen in the middle of the square, which isplaying animation. In the evening, the square lights up, each fountain isflashing colorful lights, playing moving music. Ningbo also has a piano bridgelike a lyre. Cars come and go on the bridge like playing wonderful music.Qinqiao is also connected with beautiful Haishu and tidy Jiangdong.

There are so many places of interest in Ningbo, and there are more materialgoods. I love my beautiful and prosperous hometown Ningbo.