福州的导游词(优秀20篇)

各位团友，今天我讲解的内容是福州明清时期古建筑瑰宝——三坊七巷。

三坊七巷地处市中心，东临八一七北路，西靠通湖路，北接杨桥路，南达吉庇巷、光禄坊，占地约40公顷，现居民3678户，人口14000余人。三坊七巷是南后街两旁从北到南依次排列的十条坊巷的简称。三坊是：衣锦坊、文儒坊、光禄坊;七巷是杨桥巷、郎官巷、塔巷、黄巷、安民巷、宫巷、吉庇巷。由于吉庇巷、杨桥巷和光禄坊改建为马路，现在保存的实际只有二坊五巷。即使如此，在这个历史悠久的居民区内，仍然保留着丰富的文物古迹，保存一批名人故居和明清时代的建筑。在这居民区内，坊巷纵横，石板铺地;白墙青瓦，结构严谨;房屋精致，匠艺奇巧，集中体现了闽越古城的民居特色，是闽江文化的荟萃之所，被建筑界喻为一座规模庞大的明清古建筑博物馆。

“三坊七巷”是国家历史文化名城——福州的主要标志，被誉为明清古建筑博物馆。近代诗人陈衍诗云：“谁知五柳孤松客，却住三坊七巷间。”这大约就是“三坊七巷”的由来。

三坊七巷的民风民俗也是福州民风民俗的代表，许多节俗活动常以三坊七巷为中心，它包括民间信仰、岁时节庆活动、建筑物中的民俗等。

“月光光，照池塘;骑竹马，过洪塘;洪塘水深难得渡，等妹撑船来接郎。问郎长，问郎短，问郎几时返?”这是唐朝观察使常衮作的一首民谣。它曾给居住在三坊七巷的几代百姓带来多少童年的回忆。直到现在，特别是老一辈人听到这首琅琅上口的民谣仍激动不已。

三坊七巷，以它近300座的明清民居古建筑物闻名于世。古老的街巷，完整的坊里，配以古河道、古桥梁、古榕树，形成了古朴而富有特色的传统风貌，引起了国内外许多文物考古专家的广泛兴趣，成为游客前来福州的必到之处。可以说，它是“全国少见，江南仅有”。而老家在福州的海外游子，三坊七巷是他们魂牵梦绕、难以忘怀的故园乡土。

Hello, friends! Welcome to the beautiful "Rongcheng" Fuzhou. Im __ tourguide of __ travel agency.

There is an old saying in Fuzhou that "Left Banner and right drum are thebest in Fujian". Today, we will visit Gushan, one of the best in Fujian. GUSHAN,located in the southeast of Fuzhou, is a famous cultural mountain with a longhistory in our province and one of the top ten scenic spots in the province. Itis said that there is a huge stone at the top of the peak, which is like a drum.Whenever there is wind and rain, the rain will make a sound like a drum, so itis called Gushan. Do you remember the drum rock we saw yesterday on GulangyuIsland in Xiamen? It was also named after the "thumping" drum sound of the wavesbeating on the rocks. Zhu Xi, a famous Neo Confucianist of the Southern SongDynasty, left a literary story of "the wind of heaven and the waves of the sea"in Gushan, and Lin Zexu also left a masterpiece of "the sea is boundless, thesky is the shore, the mountain is the top, I am the peak". Since the SongDynasty, there have been more than 480 cliff inscriptions left on the mountainby the literati of all dynasties. There are all kinds of fonts, which are like anatural treasure house of stone calligraphy. It is known as the "forest ofsoutheast steles".

My friends, now lets enter this magnificent hall of calligraphy art tohave a good look! Look! The four words "deep in the spiritual source" at theentrance of the cave are written by Yuan Xian, a monk living in the mountains inthe Qing Dynasty. The surface meaning indicates the place name, while the innermeaning tells later generations that the inscriptions in this area are theemotional expression of the predecessors hearts and the exhibition of theelegant cultural palace.

Down the steep stone steps, you can see that the surrounding mountains arevery different and the scenery is quiet. It seems that you have arrived at afairyland and a paradise. Do you feel relaxed and happy when you take a deepbreath?

The most famous cliff inscription in Lingyuan cave is the handwriting ofCAI Xiang, one of the four greatest calligraphers in Song Dynasty. Look at this"forget to return stone", which is also the earliest stone inscription inGushan. Cai Xiang was born in Xianyou, Fujian Province. He was a famousstatesman and calligrapher in the Northern Song Dynasty. When he was themagistrate of Fuzhou, he liked to visit Gushan very much and often forgot toreturn. Once, he wandered through the beautiful scenery in the mountains,forgetting the time. When he was urged repeatedly, he realized that it wasgetting late, so he wrote "forget to return stone". These three words havealready expressed his reluctant feelings. If any tourist forgets to returnlater, he cant find a stone to leave his calligraphy!

Well, now we see three big characters engraved on this rock wall. Who canrecite them? The child said its too simple. Its a place to drink water. Healso asked why there is no water. In fact, if the word doesnt recite water,why? Let me tell you a little story: its said that master Yan, the founder ofYongquan temple in ancient times, recited scriptures here. He thought that thesound of the spring influenced the chanting Stop the running water with a bigdrink. Since then, the stream has been diverted to the East, and the stream herehas dried up. Therefore, these three words read "drinking water rock". Ofcourse, its just a folk legend. In fact, the terrain at this time is a rockfracture zone geologically. Due to the crustal movement, a fracture surface isformed, and the surface water seeps down the fracture surface. Of course, thereis no water, not one who can drink water back. Is it better to have water or nowater here? A hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contendhere. Xu Xizhi, a scholar of the Song Dynasty, expounded his point of view inhis stone carving poem. Looking at this stone tablet, he wrote: "the mountainsare heavy, the mountains are complex, the lock is loose, only the sound of thespring is not enough. If I had been at my teachers side in those years, I wouldnot have taught to drink water to cross other mountains." He thought that therewere so many mountains here that there was no water. If he had been there, hewould have advised the master not to change the way of the stream. Yu Dafu, amodern litterateur, once expressed great emotion here. He said, "its strangethat he came from the source of his liveliness and never came back for athousand years." We are here today. I dont know if you all feel the same.However, in order to make up for this great regret, I dont know which ancientsage has a unique idea. The inscription "without water is also good" beside thestone really makes the tourists look back and smile, which means a lot.

Lingyuan cave in Gushan has a deep stone Valley, which is a valley invalley landscape. In the spring of 1982, when Master Liu Haisu was 87 years old,he visited Lingyuan cave and wrote four big words: "better than Tianzhu",praising the scenery and forest of Steles here.

My friends, due to the limited time, there are still many scenic spots notseen. I hope you have a chance to come to Gushan again, listen to the endlessstories, watch the endless beautiful scenery, and share a happy moment again!Thank you.

Fuzhou Gushan tour guide 3:

When it comes to Fuzhou, we have to mention Gushan. As early as the EasternJin Dynasty, the saying of Fengshui "zuogu in the Right Banner, two unique inFujian" was spread among the people in Fuzhou. This zuogu refers to Gushan,which stands in the eastern suburb of Fuzhou and on the North Bank of MinjiangRiver, covering a total area of about 48 square kilometers. It is divided intofive scenic areas: Gushan, Guling, Yixi, Moxi and Fengchi Baiyun cave. GUSHAN isone of the top ten scenic spots in Fujian Province. It stands far away from theQishan mountain in Fuzhou. It is full of mountains and green all the year round.There are strange rocks everywhere on the mountain. There are caves on the peak.The main peak is more than 900 meters above sea level. It plays an importantrole in Fuzhous geomantic omen.

Qinglong Gushan benefits peoples health

Since ancient times, Fuzhou people in the choice and organization of livingenvironment, there is a tradition of using closed space. In order to strengthenthe closeness, we often adopt the method of multiple closures. For example, thequadrangle house is a enclosed space; the multi entrance courtyard housestrengthens the level of closure, and the Lifang uses walls to close manycourtyard houses (such as the structure of three lanes and seven alleys inFuzhou). As a city, its the same. From the Central Government Office (or thepalace of the capital city) to the inner city, and then to the Kuocheng, itsalso a multi enclosed space. In the periphery of the city, according to thegeomantic pattern, the main mountain is used as the barrier behind the basesite, and the mountain extends to the Qinglong and Baihu mountains, forming atrend of encircling the left and right shoulder arms. The left and right sidesof the mountain are green dragons and white tigers (for example, in Fuzhou,Jinji mountain is green dragon, Dameng mountain is white tiger, and Yushan andWushan hold the south gate to encircle the left and right shoulders and arms).In front of the base site, there is a mountain to block it. Along with the leftand right veins, the front is also closed, and the gap of water flow is left.There is also Shuikou mountain to guard it, which forms the first closed circle.If there are Shaozu mountain and Zushan mountain behind the main mountain, andthe mountain protection on the side of Qinglong and Baihu mountain (for example,Gushan Mountain on the side of Qinglong in Fuzhou and Qishan mountain on theside of Baihu mountain). Chaoshan outside the case mountain, which formed asecond closed circle. It can be said that Fengshui pattern is a natural closedenvironment outside the closed man-made building environment.

From this, we can see that Gushan is the Qinglong mountain of Fuzhou,guarding this rare treasure land of Fuzhou, and blessing the state with goodweather and peoples well-being.

GUSHANs "drum" is of great significance

GUSHAN is the Qinglong mountain in Fuzhou. It has its own magic. It isnamed after its peak, which is like a huge drum stone. It is said that this drumwas specially left by the general of beating drum in the sky to suppress thedragon. Every time there is a storm, the stone drum will have the sound ofturbulence, that is, the drum general beat the drum in the face of the invasionof the Dragon King on the sea at the top of the Drum Mountain, calling on thethree armies to prepare for battle.

Drum, in the book of changes for the earthquake, for the East. According tothe book of changes, zhenzheheng. Shock, smile dumb. Shocked a hundred Li, notlost dagger. It means that the heavy thunder is sent to the direction, and thesound is heard from thousands of miles. It has the appearance of no danger, andit also has the meaning of change.

The book of changes "Zhengua" symbolizes the drum sound of vibration: itcan be prosperous. When the thunder stirs up, all things in the world areafraid, but the gentleman can be calm and smile as usual. Even if the thundershakes a hundred miles away, the gentleman can be calm, which means that the manis powerful and unyielding, so he can achieve great things. The stone drum atthe top of Gushan Mountain is also enlightening the people living in Fuzhou.Everyone is responsible for the rise and fall of every man. Whenever the countrychanges, we should go out and work for the country.

Nine mountain pavilions have secrets

Yongquan temple, located in Gushan, is even more famous in the world. It isthe pride of Fuzhou. It is known as "if you come to Fuzhou, you must visitGushan".

Yongquan temple is integrated with the natural landscape. The originalmountain springs and cliffs and rocks in the hillside are cleverly inlaid in it.Around the front and back of the temple, there are ancient trees. It can be saidthat "when you enter the mountain, you cant see the temple. When you enter thetemple, you cant see the mountain". Its just like the temple was created byPangu, and heaven landed here. This typical Tang Dynasty building, facing southfrom the north, is a group of three-level palaces, rising along the mountain.Over the high threshold, a burst of Buddhism quiet elegant fragrance will come.Many people go into the hall and burn incense to pray and bless, which makespeople feel at ease.

Yan, the founder of the temple, is even more legendary. Because the templeis built on the swallows nest cave in Gushan, and the swallows nest is theoffspring of the swallow, Yongquan temple can live in the monks and the masses,and steam at the mouth. It is said that after Yongquan temple was built, Gushanincense became more and more popular. In order to make it convenient forpilgrims to go up the mountain, the monks decided to build a road up themountain. After 49 days of hard work, a winding stone mountain road has beenpaved from the foot of Gushan to the gate of Yongquan temple.

The founder Shen Yan was very happy to see this stone road. But after a fewdays, I couldnt be happy. Because the monks of this stone road temple are sickand dead. The pilgrims are also afraid to go up the mountain when they hear thatthere is a plague in Yongquan temple. For a time, the monks of Yongquan templein Gushan fled everywhere, with few Pilgrims.

In order to find out the reason, Shen Yan went to the top of Baiyun peak inGushan and looked at the stone road. From a distance, vaguely, he found that thewhole stone road was surrounded by a fierce air. He quickly and carefully toidentify one by one, this was so frightened that he almost lost control andcried out. The stone road from the foot of the mountain to the gate of Yongquantemple is like a giant python winding up. The stone slabs on the mountain roadare like scales on the python. The snakes head is facing the gate of Yongquantemple. Its opening its mouth and swallowing the swallows in the birds nest.This stone road is clearly "snake fleeing the birds nest"! It clearly showsthat the fengshui of Yongquan temple is destroyed by this stone road.

Fortunately, Shenyan is worthy of being a great master. He returned toYongquan temple and gathered monks to build nine mountain pavilions on the newlybuilt stone road, from the foot of the mountain to the gate. The nine mountainpavilions in the middle of the stone road turned into "boa constrictor" are thefirst Pavilion in Fujian mountain, Dongji Pavilion, Yangzhi Pavilion (nowabandoned), waterfall viewing Pavilion (also known as Shimen Pavilion), ChengyunPavilion, Banshan Pavilion, tea pavilion, songguan Pavilion and dressingPavilion. These nine mountain pavilions, like nine iron nails, are firmly nailedto the stone road turned by the python, cutting the "Python" into sevensections, so that it can no longer make trouble. After that, a stone road wasbuilt from shuishuiyan and paved with stones to the gate. The road is wugonglingRoad, meaning seven inches of centipede Ding. Snakes are afraid of centipedes,so this poisonous snake cant be revived. After the wugongling road was paved,the uphill road became accessible in all directions.

Now the boa constrictor cant move. And the stone road that turned into aboa constrictor was forever frozen there and trampled by thousands of people.Since then, Yongquan temple has become more and more famous, and has become afamous Buddhist holy land in the south. In Gushan, its cliff carvings are alsovery famous.

Good morning, everyone. First of all, welcome to Fuzhou, Rongcheng. Im __tour guide of __ travel agency. Today we will visit Yongquan temple in Gushan.Now we have come to the parking lot of Gushan. Please follow me to get off andtake care of your valuables. Please also remember that our car number is min d __. Our tour time here is about 2 hours. Please get on the bus at 11:00.

Members, today we are going to visit Gushan, a famous mountain with a longhistory and culture in Fuzhou. It is said that there is a huge stone at the topof the peak, which looks like a drum. Whenever there is wind and rain, it soundslike a drum. So Gushan got its name. In the book "the story of moving a city"more than 1600 years ago, there was a saying that "the Left Banner and the rightdrum are unique in Fujian".

The altitude of Gushan is 1004 meters. The Yongquan temple we visited islocated at an altitude of 650 meters on the hillside. Yongquan temple, with ahistory of 1200 years, is one of the five largest jungles in Fuzhou. Yongquantemple is mainly composed of Tianwang hall, Daxiong hall and Dharma hall. Thereare "three railways" and "three treasures" in the temple. What are these "threerailways" and "three treasures"? During the tour, I will introduce them one byone. Well, members of the group, we came to the Mountain Gate of Gushan alongthis path. Please look at the couplet on the stone column: "why clean the land,dont close the empty door". This is a famous couplet, meaning pun. Please see,the mountain gate is built at the entrance of the hillside, and the mountainwind blows straight in, which can blow the fallen leaves and dust clean withoutmanual cleaning; In summer and autumn, typhoons are frequent, and the mountaingate is often blown down, so there is no more gate, leaving the empty gate. Fromits moral point of view, pure land refers to the pure land of Buddhism, which isspotless, so there is no need to clean it; empty land refers to Buddhism, whichis free of belief, so there is no need to close it. This couplet is also aTibetan head couplet, with the words "Jing" and "Kong" respectively. It iswritten in memory of the late abbot of Yongquan temple, master Jingkong.

OK, members, now lets go to luohanquan. Members, now we see that thisspring pool is "Luohan spring". It is said that during the construction of thetemple, a Abbot monk dreamed that there was a spring here. The next day, themonks dug here, and sure enough, there was a clear spring. So in order to thankLuohan for giving the spring, the monks called this spring Luohan spring, andYongquan Temple got its name.

OK, members, please turn around. Now in front of us, we can see the plaqueof Yongquan temple, which was written by Emperor Kangxi himself. The handwritingis simple and powerful.

Members of the group, please do not enter the temple for the time being,because I want to introduce the towers on both sides of us. Now, please guesswhat materials are used for this pair of small and exquisite towers in front ofus, and what role do the towers play in the temple?

Ah! You said it was made of wood, you said it was made of stone, and yousaid it was made of iron. No one seems to have guessed right. This pair oftowers are made of clay. They have a history of more than 900 years. The one onthe left is called the "solemnly robbing Thousand Buddhas pagoda", whichrepresents the Buddha of the past and the light burning Buddha. The one on theright is called "Xianjie thousand Buddha pagoda", which represents the presentBuddha Sakyamuni Buddha. The color of the two towers is brown. They are fired inlayers with clay, stacked and glazed. The tower is about 7 meters high and hasnine octagonal stories. There are 1038 Buddha statues on the wall of the tower.The earthenware firing tower we see today is very rare.

You can see that there are 72 tower bells, which are also made of clay.Whenever the wind blows, it will make a pleasant sound, which seems to send us ablessing of peace. Lotus petals, lion dances and dwarfs are carved on the baseof the tower, and inscriptions are engraved to record the time when the towerwas built and the names of the craftsmen. The two pagodas were originallylocated in Longrui courtyard in the southern suburb of Fuzhou. They were movedto Yongquan temple in 1972. Now it is listed as a provincial cultural relicprotection unit. These two pavilions are the evidence for the study of SongDynasty architecture. What role does the tower play in the temple?

In fact, the temple and the tower have a deep origin. Tower, Sanskrit zuduslope, originally meant tomb, dome. In ancient India, people called templespagoda temples. The temple is dominated by pagodas, in which people store therelics and scriptures of some eminent monks. The pagoda was regarded as anauspicious relic in the temple, and later evolved into a unique religiousbuilding. After Buddhism was introduced into China, the Chinese nation is goodat melting foreign culture and creating a culture rich in national material. Asa symbol of Buddhism, in the process of the Sinicization of Buddhism, the formof the pagoda has been diversified, including high, short, fat, thin, round,square, iron and wood. The purpose of the pagoda has been expanded from onlystoring relics and symbolizing Buddhism to merit, sustenance and commemoration,and even as a sign of maritime navigation, as well as special buildings relatedto geomantic omen. The pottery pagoda we see today is also a pagoda worthy ofyour appreciation. This pair of Song Dynasty pottery pagodas is one of the"three treasures" of Yongquan temple that we visit today. Here we give you 15minutes to take photos. In 15 minutes, we will visit the "three railways" andthe other two treasures of the "three treasures" of the temple. Thank you

Hello everyone, Im your guide. My name is Zheng Rong. You can call me XiaoZheng. Today, I will show you the world famous five A-class scenic spot - threelanes and seven alleys.

This is the famous three lanes and seven alleys. It is known as the Museumof ancient architecture of Ming and Qing Dynasties. Three lanes and Seven Lanescover an area of 38.35 square hectares. The third is Yijin, Wenru and Guanglu.The seven lanes are Yangqiao lane, Langguan lane, Ta lane, Huang Lane, Anminlane, Gong lane and Jibi lane.

Come with me, this is yijinfang. When I get to yijinfang, I will tell you astory. According to legend, there was a scholar in ancient times who was verytalented, but he failed in every exam, and his neighbors looked down upon him.Later, he finally won the entrance examination and became an official. When hereturned home in his later years, his place was called yijinfang.

Lets take a look at Langguan lane. Langguan lane is a famous port in SongDynasty, because Liu Tao lived here in Song Dynasty, and his descendants havebeen Langguan for generations. So its called Langguan lane.

You see, this is Shen Baozhens former residence in the Palace Lane. He waselected in the 20th year of Daoguang, and was promoted in the 7th year. He wasLin Zexus second son-in-law and the first shipping minister in the QingDynasty.

Now, we want to taste the special snack of Fuzhou fish ball. Fish balls arethe highlight of our food in Fuzhou. The white skin of the fish ball is as softas cotton. If you take a small bite, the smell of the meat comes to your nose.Even if you dont want to eat at all, you will be fascinated by the smell.

Time flies. Its time for free activities. We can play freely. Remember togather here in an hour. Please pay attention to the following points:

1. Please dont litter

2. Please dont Scribble

3. Please dont fold the flowers

4. Please dont climb the tree

Hope you can do it, thank you!

福州至今还保存相当一部分自唐宋以来就已经形成的坊巷，成为历史文化名城的重要标志之一。

“三坊七巷”的“三坊”，系指衣锦坊、文儒坊和光禄坊。三坊均位于南后街之西侧，隔街与东侧之“七巷”相通、

衣锦坊，旧名通潮巷。宋代宣和年间（1119—1125年）陆蕴、陆藻兄弟居于此地，两兄弟才华横送，名重一时。陆蕴官任福州知州，陆藻官任泉州知州，两人回乡时命此坊为“棣锦坊”。南宋淳熙年间，王样任江东提刑，退休后也居于此地，将棣锦改名为衣锦，以示衣锦返乡之意。

文儒坊，旧名山阴巷，初名儒林坊，以宋代祭酒郑穆居于此，改为文儒坊。因为坊里除了郑穆之外，还先后住有九门提督、宝岛总兵甘国宝，抗倭名将、七省经略张经，清光绪皇帝老师陈宝琛之父陈承裘，《福建通志》主编陈衍等儒林名士，故称儒林坊名符其实。

光禄坊，北宋熙宁元年（1068年）以光禄大夫身份任福州知州的程师孟，常到坊里的法禅寺游览，见池畔有一块大岩石，便登石吟诗，故被称为“光禄吟台”，而此坊也改名为光禄坊。程师孟题吟的“光禄吟台”四个篆字石刻今尚存。

“三坊七巷”中的七巷均位于南后街之东侧，由北向南分别为杨桥巷、郎官巷、塔巷、黄巷、安民巷、宫巷、吉庇巷。

Traditionally, we all talk about three lanes first and then seven lanes. Infact, from the perspective of building location, there should be seven lanesfirst and then three lanes. The ancestors of the Tang Dynasty first built agroup of neatly arranged "new villages" along the axis of the city south street.After that, a group of lanes will be built to form a "non" shaped block with theSouth back street as the central axis. After thousands of years of wind and rainchanges, most of the lanes were named in Song Dynasty, and todays architecturalpattern was formed in Ming and Qing Dynasties, which became the landmark ofFuzhous historical and cultural city.

From the treatment of architectural space, the main hall of three lanes andseven alleys on the central axis is obviously higher, larger and wider than thatin the north, forming a lively and changeable spatial pattern with othercorridors and pavilions. The hall is generally open and integrated with thepatio. In particular, in order to make the hall appear tall, spacious and open,efforts are generally made to deal with the porch and porch. The purlinsupporting the eaves, or a purlin supporting the eaves, is specially made ofthick and long high-quality hardwood, and the method of reducing columns is usedto make the front of the hall free of any obstacles, which is rarely seen innorthern architecture and other southern architecture. For example, the sedanHall of Lin Congyis former residence in Gongxiang and the stage of theancestral temple are treated in this way. This is one of the important featuresof Fuzhou ancient architecture.

The three lanes and seven alleys are not only unique in layout andstructure, but also unique in wall, carving and facade.

亲爱的各位团友，大家好!我是春秋旅行社的导游小陈。今天我要带大家游览的是福州明清时期古建筑瑰宝――三坊七巷。

三坊七巷地处市中心，东临八一七北路，西靠通湖路，北接杨桥路，南达吉庇巷、光禄坊，向西三条称“坊”，向东七条称“巷”，自北而南依次为：衣锦坊、文儒坊、光禄坊;杨桥巷、郎官巷、塔巷、黄巷、安民巷、宫巷、吉庇巷，总占地面积38。35公顷。由于吉庇巷、杨桥巷和光禄坊改建为马路，现在保存的坊巷数实际上只有二坊五巷。即使如此，在这个历史悠久的居民区内，仍然保留着丰富的文物古迹，保存一批名人故居和明清时代的建筑。在这居民区内，坊巷纵横，石板铺地;白墙青瓦，结构严谨;房屋精致，匠艺奇巧，集中体现了闽越古城的民居特色，是闽江文化的荟萃之所。

今天我们主要游览的是现存的二坊五巷中的衣锦坊和郎官巷，请大家随我来。衣锦坊旧名通潮巷，因为这个地方是水网地区，西湖、南湖的潮水可以通到这个坊巷的沟渠里去。坊内有人在外出仕做大官，后衣锦还乡而改坊名。坊中16号为清嘉庆进士郑鹏程居宅，其中的水榭戏台最具特色，这是一个木构单层平台，四柱单开间，下建清水池塘，中隔天井，正面为阁楼。于此观看戏剧演出，水清、风清、音清，具有声学原理和美学价值。接下来小陈要带大家去郎官巷。郎官巷因宋刘涛居此，子孙数世皆为郎官，故名。宋代诗人陈烈、清代名人严复的`故居也坐落巷内。郎官巷西头巷口立有牌坊，坊柱上有副对联：“译著辉煌，今日犹传严复宅;门庭鼎盛，后人远溯刘涛居。”

除了我刚讲解的坊巷以外，还有在郎官巷以南，西通南后街的是塔巷，因聚居过黄姓人家而得名的黄巷。以巷中有紫极宫得名的宫巷等，都是很不错的景点，小陈就不一一介绍了，现在小陈把时间留给大家，各位朋友可以在附近自由活动、祝亲们玩的开心。我们十点三十分在坊巷的东大门集合，谢谢大家!

大家好，今天我们来到了有国家历史文化名城福州地标意义的“明清建筑博物馆”、“城市里坊制度的活化石”之称的中华第一街――“三坊七巷”参观游览。在20__年6月揭晓的首届“中国十大历史文化名街区评选”中，三坊七巷历史文化街区与北京国子监街、平遥南大街、哈尔滨中央大街等共同参选，以最高票获得文化部、国家文物局授予的“中国十大历史文化名街”荣誉称号。

公元前202年，福州城初建时，称“冶城”，统治者是勾践的后裔无诸。过了两百多年，西晋时期的福州已经稍有规模了。晋安郡首任太守严高嫌城太小，便在今屏山南麓建成一座郡城，称为“子城”。三坊七巷源于唐末闽王王审知扩建新城。王审知当政时，嫌原有子城太小，在子城外以钱纹砖砌筑起“罗城”，据说这是当时全国唯一的砖城。罗城南面以安泰河为界，城北是政治中心，多为贵族居住;城之南为平民居住区及商业区，也就是在此时，三坊七巷成为罗城西南的重要区域，坊巷格局初步形成。

今天的“三坊七巷”地处福州市中心，东临八一七北路，西靠通湖路，北接杨桥路，南达吉庇巷、光禄坊，占地约40公顷。“三坊”是：衣锦坊、文儒坊、光禄坊;“七巷”是：杨桥巷、郎官巷、安民巷、黄巷、塔巷、宫巷、吉庇巷，以南后街为中心轴线从北到南排列整齐，纵向有序，形成“棋盘状”的传统街巷格局。在城市变迁过程中，吉庇巷、杨桥巷和光禄坊被改建为马路，因此：我们今天讲三坊七巷实际只有二坊五巷。

“三坊七巷”历经许多年，格局依旧，基本保留着唐宋遗留下来的坊巷格局，保存较为完好的明清民国建筑计200多座，其中水榭戏台、严复故居、沈葆桢故居等全国重点文物保护单位有9处，是中国目前在市中心保留的规模最大、最完整的明清古建筑街区。“三坊七巷”体现了闽越古城的民居特色，体现福州古名居特有的时代特征和地域特色。建筑结构布局、建筑用材上适应福州潮湿温热的气候特点;院落庭院布局上体现传统家族伦理观念;园林精巧雅致，体现亲近山水的风雅情趣，被建筑界喻为一座规模庞大的“明清古建筑博物馆”。

除明清时代的建筑外，更令人惊叹的是三坊七巷的文化底蕴。近代诗人陈衍作诗提到：“谁知五柳孤松客，却住三坊七巷间。”三坊七巷自晋、唐代形成起，便是贵族和士大夫的聚居地。特别是到了清代中后期，福州士子固有的忧国忧民意识在世道变迁之中表现得更加强烈。这里涌现出一批对当时社会乃至中国近现代史进程产生重要影响的人物。林则徐、沈葆桢、林旭、严复、林觉民、林纾、林徽因、冰心、庐隐、郁达夫、郭化若、吴石……翻动历史，你会惊奇地发现，一大串在中国近现代舞台上风起云涌的人物，他们的生活背景都或多少映现在三坊七巷，可圈可点的达150多人之众。

可以说，三坊七巷成为福州人文荟萃的缩影，凸显着福州人追求正统教化的人文性格与开拓进取的海洋文化精神的相互融合。作为福州城市精神集结地、福州名贤文化纪念地、福州传统商贾文化传承地、福州民俗文化展示地，三坊七巷承载了福州城市发展丰富的历史文化积淀，充分体现三坊七巷历史文化街区物质与非物质文化的特色与价值，是名符其实的中国名片。

每个城市都有独特的历史文化基因，城市在发展过程中要格外珍惜自己的文化遗产。福州也曾走过弯路。上世纪末，全国旧城改造热中，三坊七巷也曾面临相同的被“改造”危险。福建省、福州市及时调整思路，终止了用于房地产开发的原有改造项目。近年来，福建省委、省政府和福州市委、市政府高度重视三坊七巷历史文化街区的保护修复工作，将保护修复福州三坊七巷工作提上重要议事日程。三坊七巷由开发、改造转为整体保护、修复，政府投入逐步加大，保护修复工程支出主要投向民生，使三坊七巷的改造不仅成为物质文化和非物质文化的保护工程，更是改善市民的居住条件、生活条件的安居工程、民心工程。

“三坊七巷要成为活态的文化遗产”国家文物局局长单霁翔给予三坊七巷修复改造工程很高的评价。福州市的探索之可贵，在于同时保护生活形态和非物质文化遗产。修复后的三坊七巷不是排斥了原有居民原生态的旅游区，而是将三坊七巷打造成保持传统文化特色的居住社区，成为具有独特文化景观的城市活力地带。中共福建省委、宣传部长唐国忠说的好：三坊七巷是福州人文荟萃的缩影，闽台深厚渊源活化石，她的成功保护不仅仅是福州的财富，更是海峡两岸、海西经济区的共同荣耀，需要世世代代传承下去。

福州是一座拥有2200多年历史的名城。唐开元十三年(725年)设福州都督府始称福州。五代梁开平二年(908年)闽王王审知扩建城池，将风景秀丽的乌山、于山、屏山圈入城内，从此福州成为“山在城中，城在山中”的独特城市。“三山”成了福州的别名。

福州位于福建省东部闽江下游，是全省政治、经济、文化中心。全市总面积11968平方公里，其中市区总面积1043平方公里;总人口48O多万，其中城区人口116万。“因州北有福山”，故名福州，又因900多年前就遍植榕树，“绿阴满城，暑不张盖”，故又有“榕城”的美称。现辖鼓楼、台江、仓山、马尾、晋安五个区和福清、闽侯、罗源、连江、长乐、平潭、闽清、永泰等二市六县。居民以汉族为主，还有畲、满、苗、回等20多个少数民族。福州依山傍海，气候宜人，绿树常青，属暖湿的亚热带季风气候。年平均气温为19.6℃，最冷1月平均气温为10.5℃，最热7月平均气温为28.6℃，年均降水量1342.5毫米。最佳旅游季节为每年4～11月。市区内有闻名全国的温泉。

各位团友，今天我讲解的内容是福州明清时期古建筑瑰宝――三坊七巷。

三坊七巷地处市中心，东临八一七北路，西靠通湖路，北接杨桥路，南达吉庇巷、光禄坊，占地约40公顷，现居民3678户，人口14000余人。三坊七巷是南后街两旁从北到南依次排列的十条坊巷的简称。三坊是：衣锦坊、文儒坊、光禄坊;七巷是杨桥巷、郎官巷、塔巷、黄巷、安民巷、宫巷、吉庇巷。由于吉庇巷、杨桥巷和光禄坊改建为马路，现在保存的实际只有二坊五巷。即使如此，在这个历史悠久的居民区内，仍然保留着丰富的文物古迹，保存一批名人故居和明清时代的建筑。在这居民区内，坊巷纵横，石板铺地;白墙青瓦，结构严谨;房屋精致，匠艺奇巧，集中体现了闽越古城的民居特色，是闽江文化的荟萃之所，被建筑界喻为一座规模庞大的明清古建筑博物馆。

“三坊七巷”是国家历史文化名城――福州的主要标志，被誉为明清古建筑博物馆。近代诗人陈衍诗云：“谁知五柳孤松客，却住三坊七巷间。”这大约就是“三坊七巷”的由来。

三坊七巷的民风民俗也是福州民风民俗的代表，许多节俗活动常以三坊七巷为中心，它包括民间信仰、岁时节庆活动、建筑物中的民俗等。

“月光光，照池塘;骑竹马，过洪塘;洪塘水深难得渡，等妹撑船来接郎。问郎长，问郎短，问郎几时返?”这是唐朝观察使常衮作的一首民谣。它曾给居住在三坊七巷的几代百姓带来多少童年的回忆。直到现在，特别是老一辈人听到这首琅琅上口的民谣仍激动不已。

三坊七巷，以它近300座的明清民居古建筑物闻名于世。古老的街巷，完整的坊里，配以古河道、古桥梁、古榕树，形成了古朴而富有特色的传统风貌，引起了国内外许多文物考古专家的广泛兴趣，成为游客前来福州的必到之处。可以说，它是“全国少见，江南仅有”。而老家在福州的海外游子，三坊七巷是他们魂牵梦绕、难以忘怀的故园乡土。

各位游客大家好!欢迎来到三坊七巷景区参观游览，我是讲解员__首先为大家简要介绍一下三坊七巷景区的总体概况。

三坊七巷景区位于千年古城福州市中心，占地面积约40公顷。三坊七巷最早形成是在西晋308年，建筑格局形成于唐天复元年代(901年)，繁荣于明清时期，至今已有1700年的历史。以南后街为中轴，向西伸出了三个坊(衣锦坊、文儒坊、光禄坊)，向东伸出七条巷(杨桥巷、郎官巷、塔巷、黄巷、安民巷、宫巷、吉庇巷)，排列整齐，纵向有序，形成“鱼骨状”传统街巷格局，自古以来就被人们称为“三坊七巷”。历经千余年来，仍完整保留着唐宋遗留下来的坊巷格局，这在全国范围内都极为罕见，被誉为“里坊制度活化石”;现存较为完好的明清古建筑200多座159处，包括国家级9处，省市级19处，历史保护古建筑131处，文保单位众多，集中程度堪称全国唯一，被我国建筑学界誉为“明清建筑博物馆”;不仅如此，三坊七巷还是历代名人聚居地，在这不足40公顷的土地上曾先后走出历代名人达400多位，尤其是曾涌现出了林则徐、严复、林觉民、冰心、林徽因、沈葆桢、陈宝琛等一大批对中国近代史进程有着重要影响的人物，也因此而获得了“一片三坊七巷，半部中国近现代史”的美誉;今天就让我们一同来领略三坊七巷历史神韵和闽都文化的精髓。

大家所看到的这是一座居住着近现代两位名人的故居，一位是黄花岗七十二烈士之一――林觉民;另一位就是著名的女作家谢冰心。林觉民是辛亥广州起义杰出代表人物，林觉民遇难后，临时知县的岳父陈元凯连夜托人到福州告知此事，全家为避祸搬到光禄坊的早题巷。后来，谢冰心的祖父谢銮恩买下了这栋旧居。

说到林觉民我们不能不提到他的《与妻书》。这一如诗如画的名篇写得情真意切，感人肺腑，催人泪下，不仅表达了夫妻间深深的歉疚和殷殷的情意，而且表达了“乐牺牲吾身与汝身之福利，为天下谋永福”的革命精神和伟大情怀，激励了千千万万的热血青年。具有极为珍贵的历史价值和艺术价值。

我们现在来到的是三坊七巷的主入口牌坊。福州三坊七巷不仅仅是三条“坊”和七条“巷”，还有一条闻名遐迩的南后街。在南后街中我们可以看到福州的三宝，福州的脱胎漆器，牛角梳和油纸伞，还有福州著名的寿山石和软木画，各色各样的福州小吃。

各位团友!走过了杨桥路，我们首先来到左边的这条巷就是七巷之一的郎官巷。为什么这叫郎官巷呢?北宋有个叫刘涛的人，他是郎官，他的子孙皆为郎官，所以叫此巷为郎官巷。接下来请大家参观严复晚年的居所―――严复故居。严复是中国近代著名的启蒙思想家、翻译家和教育家，是中国近代“向西方寻找真理”的先进人物的杰出代表。严复还担任过北京大学、上海复旦公学校长等职。严复译述《天演论》。

现在大家看到的是黄巷，历史上出现了衣冠南渡，八姓入闽，其中较大的一支黄氏家族入闽后，聚居于此，开始有了黄巷的地名。该巷以小黄楼著称。

我们来到三坊中的第一坊――衣锦坊。衣锦坊最早的名字叫“通潮巷”，是三坊七巷中最靠近福州西湖的。据说，当年西湖的湖水与巷子里的沟渠相通。衣锦坊的水榭戏台20__年被公布为全国重点文物保护单位。

“最忆市桥灯火静，巷南巷北读书声”，让我们再一次感悟到故乡“三坊七巷”古老厚重的文化对我们的培养和熏陶。

各位团友，“三坊七巷”的讲解就到这里。我们集合的时间是×时×分，各位朋友可以在附近自由活动、照相，我们准时在这里集中上车，谢谢大家。

福州这座具有2200多年历史的古老城市中心，坐落着这片遐迩闻名的三坊七巷历史文化街区。它占地约40公顷，由三个坊、七条巷和一条中轴街肆组成，分别是衣锦坊、文儒坊、光禄坊；杨桥巷、郎官巷、塔巷、黄巷、安民巷、宫巷、吉庇巷和南后街，因此自古就被称为“三坊七巷”。

三坊七巷起于晋，完善于唐五代，至明清鼎盛，古老的坊巷格局至今基本保留完整，是中国都市仅存的一块“里坊制度活化石”坊巷内保存有200余座古建筑，其中全国重点文物保护单位有九处，省、市级文保单位和历史保护建筑数量众多，是一座不可多得的“明清建筑博物馆”。

三坊七巷因地灵而人杰，这里一直是“闽都名人的聚居地”林则徐、沈葆桢、严复、陈宝琛、林觉民、林旭、冰心、林纾等大量对当时社会乃至中国近现代进程有着重要影响的人物皆出自于此，使得这块热土充满了特殊的人文价值和不散的灵性及才情，成为福州的骄傲。

Hello, friends! Welcome to the beautiful "banyan city" Fuzhou, I am __travel agency tour guide __.

There is an old saying in Fuzhou that "Left Banner and right drum are thebest in Fujian". Today, we will visit Gushan, one of the best in Fujian. GUSHAN,located in the southeast of Fuzhou, is a famous cultural mountain with a longhistory in our province and one of the top ten scenic spots in the province. Itis said that there is a huge stone at the top of the peak, which is like a drum.Whenever there is wind and rain, the rain will make a sound like a drum, so itis called Gushan. Do you remember the drum rock we saw yesterday on GulangyuIsland in Xiamen? It was also named after the "thumping" drum sound of the wavesbeating on the rocks. Zhu Xi, a famous Neo Confucianist of the Southern SongDynasty, left a literary story of "the wind of heaven and the waves of the sea"in Gushan, and Lin Zexu also left a masterpiece of "the sea is boundless, thesky is the shore, the mountain is the top, I am the peak". Since the SongDynasty, there have been more than 480 cliff inscriptions left on the mountainby the literati of all dynasties. There are all kinds of fonts, which are like anatural treasure house of stone calligraphy. It is known as the "forest ofsoutheast steles".

My friends, now lets enter this magnificent hall of calligraphy art tohave a good look! Look! The four words "deep in the spiritual source" at theentrance of the cave are written by Yuan Xian, a monk living in the mountains inthe Qing Dynasty. The surface meaning indicates the place name, while the innermeaning tells later generations that the inscriptions in this area are theemotional expression of the predecessors hearts and the exhibition of theelegant cultural palace.

Down the steep stone steps, you can see that the surrounding mountains arevery different and the scenery is quiet. It seems that you have arrived at afairyland and a paradise. Do you feel relaxed and happy when you take a deepbreath?

The most famous cliff inscription in Lingyuan cave is the handwriting ofCAI Xiang, one of the four greatest calligraphers in Song Dynasty. Look at this"forget to return stone", which is also the earliest stone inscription inGushan. Cai Xiang was born in Xianyou, Fujian Province. He was a famousstatesman and calligrapher in the Northern Song Dynasty. When he was themagistrate of Fuzhou, he liked to visit Gushan very much and often forgot toreturn. Once, he wandered through the beautiful scenery in the mountains,forgetting the time. When he was urged repeatedly, he realized that it wasgetting late, so he wrote "forget to return stone". These three words havealready expressed his reluctant feelings. If any tourist forgets to returnlater, he cant find a stone to leave his calligraphy!

Well, now we see three big characters engraved on this rock wall. Who canrecite them? The child said its too simple. Its a place to drink water. Healso asked why there is no water. In fact, if the word doesnt recite water,why? Let me tell you a little story: its said that master Yan, the founder ofYongquan temple in ancient times, recited scriptures here. He thought that thesound of the spring influenced the chanting Stop the running water with a bigdrink. Since then, the stream has been diverted to the East, and the stream herehas dried up. Therefore, these three words read "drinking water rock". Ofcourse, its just a folk legend. In fact, the terrain at this time is a rockfracture zone geologically. Due to the crustal movement, a fracture surface isformed, and the surface water seeps down the fracture surface. Of course, thereis no water, not one who can drink water back. Is it better to have water or nowater here? A hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contendhere. Xu Xizhi, a scholar of the Song Dynasty, expounded his point of view inhis stone carving poem. Looking at this stone tablet, he wrote: "the mountainsare heavy, the mountains are complex, the lock is loose, only the sound of thespring is not enough. If I had been at my teachers side in those years, I wouldnot have taught to drink water to cross other mountains." He thought that therewere so many mountains here that there was no water. If he had been there, hewould have advised the master not to change the way of the stream. Yu Dafu, amodern litterateur, once expressed great emotion here. He said, "its strangethat he came from the source of his liveliness and never came back for athousand years." We are here today. I dont know if you all feel the same.However, in order to make up for this great regret, I dont know which ancientsage has a unique idea. The inscription "without water is also good" beside thestone really makes the tourists look back and smile, which means a lot.

Lingyuan cave in Gushan has a deep stone Valley, which is a valley invalley landscape. In the spring of 1982, when Master Liu Haisu was 87 years old,he visited Lingyuan cave and wrote four big words: "better than Tianzhu",praising the scenery and forest of Steles here.

My friends, due to the limited time, there are still many scenic spots notseen. I hope you have a chance to come to Gushan again, listen to the endlessstories, watch the endless beautiful scenery, and share a happy moment again!Thank you.

各位团友大家好，首先代表我们阳光旅行社的全体人员对大家的到来表示热烈的欢迎，同时也感谢大家对我们旅行社的支持和信任。我叫__X，是阳光旅行社的导游员，大家可以叫我__。这位是我们的随队司机刘师傅，刘师傅的驾驶经验非常丰富，相信大家在乘车的旅途中一定会感到既舒适又安全的。今天能担任本团的导游工作，认识这么多朋友，我感到非常荣幸。如果大家在旅途中有什么困难和要求，请您及时的提出，我将竭尽全力为大家服务。也希望大家能积极地支持和配合我的工作，在这里预祝大家旅途愉快!能够高兴而来，满意而归。

今天我们要游览的是有国家历史文化名城福州具有地标意义的“三坊七巷”参观游览。三坊七巷又有“城市里坊制度的活化石”、“明清建筑博物馆”的圣誉。在20__年6月揭晓的首届“中国十大历史文化名街区评选”中，三坊七巷历史文化街区与北京国子监街、平遥南大街、哈尔滨中央大街等共同参选，以最高票获得文化部、国家文物局授予的“中国十大历史文化名街”荣誉称号。

今天的“三坊七巷”地处福州市中心，东临八一七北路，西靠通湖路，北接杨桥路，南达吉庇巷、光禄坊，占地约40公顷。“三坊”是：衣锦坊、文儒坊、光禄坊;“七巷”是：杨桥巷、郎官巷、安民巷、黄巷、塔巷、宫巷、吉庇巷，以南后街为中心轴线从北到南排列整齐，纵向有序，形成“棋盘状”的传统街巷格局。在城市变迁过程中，吉庇巷、杨桥巷和光禄坊被改建为马路。因此，我们今天讲三坊七巷实际只有二坊五巷。我们的车已经到南后街门口了，现在请大家拿好自己的随身物品随我下车参观。

现在我们来到了郎官巷，这里是二梅书屋，即现在的福建民俗博物馆。我们往里面走，这里有门槛，大家要小心。

大家看到大厅上的贴金祥云了吗?为什么是金色的呢?因为古时候的房子大多为木质，所以多发生火灾，而五行中，金生水，水克火所以贴金饰纹有防火的寓意。大厅左边有个小屋，你们知道图中三个人的关系吗?这里可是有三代同堂哦。这源自福州孝文化中很具代表性的“拗九节”，拗九节又称后九节、孝九节和送穷节，即在正月二月廿九日，已出嫁的女儿要带上以糯米、红糖、花生和荸荠等制成的糕点回家看望父母，以求父母平安。

现在我们来上大厅桌子上的这个漆金人物馍盒，大家知道它是用来做什么的吗?看来没有人能说出来哦，它是祭祀用品，古时候只有官员才能用这种长方形的馍盒，寻常百姓是不能用的。

大家再看我们上头的灯杆，它摆放的位置也是很讲究的，如果灯杆在中柱的内侧，说明这家主人的事业在本地发展;如果灯杆在中柱的外侧，说明主人的事业在外地甚至海外发展。福建方言中灯与丁同音，所以横梁上有几个灯杆，就代表这家有几个儿子。大家可以看到上面有三个灯杆，即代表这家主人有三个或三个以上的儿子。

现在我们来到大厅后面，这是古时候放在女子闺房内用来祭拜祖先的。大家看到左右两边的文字，每个字体都像花瓶一样的形状。我们称之为花瓶文字。从左到右依次写的是，玉堂印春色，朱树发秋香。

我们继续往这边走，大家看，这块地面可不普通哦，它叫“三合土”，建于清朝中期，历经近两百多年后被泥土、砂石覆盖了约五十厘米厚。后来在对二梅书屋进行修复改造时才发现这块保存较为完整的地面。其制作原料为沙、黄土、生石灰，并加入糯米浆以达到粘稠坚固的目的。“三合土”经过反复敲打垒砸，形成光滑平坦的地面后。用绳子在上面压印似草纹的吉祥图案，寓意“连绵不断，生生不息”。我们整个宅院叫二梅书屋，其实书屋只有面前的这一小部分，因为主人林星章特别喜欢梅树，所以在自己的书屋前面栽种这样两株梅树，于是取名叫二梅书屋。书屋旁边呢是一个洞，林星章将它称为七星洞，我们把它叫作雪洞。它采用的材料是红糖、糯米、生石灰。最大的作用就是冬暖夏凉。二梅建筑中以假山、学雪洞为通道。在全国居民建筑中独居特色，也是福州明清时期典型的民居代表。

我们知道在三坊七巷中居住的人身份地位都是很高的，所以每座宅院都有自己的花厅园林部分，，接下来我们看到的是宅院主人自己设计的花厅园林，大家可以看到整个园林把福州的美景都浓缩在里面了。大家看到的鳌峰和白塔都是福州的美景。旁边是一颗两百多年的荔枝树，它每年都结果，3月到4月是荔枝树开花的季节，那个时候就会看到白色的荔枝花。

出了二梅书屋，我们来到的是塔巷，全长295米。为什么叫塔巷呢?大家顺着我手指的方向，看到巷门坊口上的小塔了吗?塔巷有千年历史，顾名思义，在这挑巷子里曾经有座塔，是唐代闽王王审知的部下所建，名为“育王塔”福州在五代时有大大小小700多座寺庙和佛塔，宋太守谢泌曾写道：城里三山千簇寺，夜间七塔万枝灯。七塔是当时福州城内的一大奇观，，包括现在的白塔，乌塔以及这条巷子里的育王塔。育王塔被视为福州文运兴盛的象征，但是明代时废弃消失了，到了清代的时候才在巷门上又立起了一座袖珍塔，作为留念。

各位团友，因为时间关系，这一部分的导游讲解到这里先告一段落，在这里我代表阳光旅行社全体人员再次感谢各位朋友的光临，同时非常感谢各位一路上对我工作的支持，途中如果有什么不足之处还请大家多多包涵。希望大家在最后的几分钟里给我提出宝贵的意见和建议，我们将不断提高服务质量。接下来留给大家一段自由活动的时间。最后，祝各位朋友旅途愉快，一路顺风!期待大家下次的光临。谢谢大家。

三坊七巷，以她近三百座的明清民居古建筑物闻名于世。古老的街巷，完整的坊里，配以古河道、古桥梁、古榕树，形成了古朴而富有特色的传统风貌，引起了国内外许多文物考古专家的广泛兴趣，成为游客前来福州的必到之处。可以说，她是“全国少见，江南仅有”。而老家在福州的海外游子，三坊七巷是他们魂牵梦绕、难以忘怀的故园乡土。

“三坊七巷”的路，绝对是小路，也许几百年来就是这样小，小得只能并排走两顶轿子吧!然而“山不在高，有仙则灵!”路不在大，有人则名。就是从这样的小巷里，历代走出了多少风流人物，多少英雄豪杰?他们走出幽深的坊巷，走向八闽大地，走向五湖四海，成就了一番大事业。他们为“三坊七巷”增光，“三坊七巷”也为有他们而骄傲。

三坊七巷的古建筑风貌主要表现在：石板深巷，青瓦粉墙，各式精雕细刻的门罩，风火墙式的多进院落，从高处府视犹如海上层层波浪，那此起彼落的万倾波涛既无比壮观又震撼人心。

三坊七巷不仅以她的古建筑闻名于世，她还代表了福州人重教育，好读书的优良传统，科举之盛，在全国也属罕见。南宋著名学者，被称为与朱熹、张轼齐名的东南三贤之一的吕祖谦，在福州写下了一首脍炙人口的诗篇：“路逢十客九青矜，半是同袍旧弟兄。最忆市桥灯火静，巷南巷北读书声。”这首诗也是三坊七巷的生动写照，说明了福州读书人之多，以及深夜苦读的生动景象。

“三坊七巷”是福州历史的的见证;“三坊七巷”是闽江流域人民智慧的结晶;“三坊七巷”更是福州人文荟萃的缩影。它记录了唐末五代时闽王王审知立国的史实，记录了宋末端宗南明隆武皇帝在福州称帝的经历。它吹洒着辛亥革命的风雨，传播着北京“五四”运动在福州的影响。这些坊巷内曾经居住过上百名高官显贵、学者名流，唐著名学者黄璞，宋理学家陈襄、晚唐诗人陈烈、状元郑性之、明抗倭名将张经、清巡抚沈葆桢、近代启蒙思想家严复等等都曾在三坊七巷居住过，还有黄花岗著名烈士林觉民。

各位团友，大家好!欢迎来到福州参观游览。我是大家此行的导游，来自阳光旅行社，我姓柯，大家可以叫我柯导或者小柯。在我身边的这位，就是我们此行的司机陈师傅。作为旅行社的金牌司机，陈师傅有着丰富的驾车经验，相信有他为我们保驾护航，我们的旅程将会更加的舒适和安全。那么接下来的几天就将由我和陈师傅为大家提供服务，希望我们的服务能够令大家满意，在此也先预祝大家此次的福州之行能够有所收获，乘兴而来，满载而归。好了，各位团友，现在离我们下榻的酒店还有十五分钟左右的车程，就让我来为大家讲讲福州的概况吧，希望通过我的讲解能够令大家进一步了解福州。

福州始建于汉朝，到了唐朝时，因州北有福山而改名为福州，后来到了宋朝的时候，全城遍植榕树，出现了“绿荫满城，暑不张盖”的奇特景观，因此福州就有了“榕城”的美称，榕树也成了福州的市树，大家请往窗外看，道路两旁所栽的都是榕树。说完了市树，我们再来说说市花。福州的市花是茉莉花，茉莉花素有“人间第一香”的美称，福州所种植的茉莉花更是被公认为最香的茉莉花之一。很多人都不知道，这茉莉花其实并非是中国国籍，它来自波斯，也就是现在的印度、阿拉伯一带。它从西汉传入中国的时候就已经在福州落户了，至今已有20__年的栽培历史了，福州不仅是国内最早引进茉莉花的地方，还是茉莉花茶的发源地，茉莉花是舶来品，是福州海洋文化的见证，由此可见，早在汉朝的时候，福州就已经开始与海外有了贸易往来，而且从古至今，都是中国重要的国际商贸港口城市。

各位团友，福州作为中国优秀旅游城市，拥有丰富的自然人文旅游资源，如果你喜欢登山，可以上鼓山、旗山、青云山。几乎周边的每一座山都是不错的游玩景点。如果你喜欢玩水，不但可以游西湖、左海，赏闽江两岸风光，还可以到平谭、长乐赶海观潮。如果你喜欢看古迹，福州有着2200多年的历史，古建筑，古寺庙、名人故居众多，只要你有时间，一定让你大饱眼福。

好了，接下来我给大家简单介绍一下福州的山水人文吧。福州福州，有福之州，福州有福，福在山之仙气，水之灵气，人之才气。都说有山无水枯燥，有水无山单调，有山有水才叫绝妙。而我们福州不仅有群山环绕，城内更是有乌山、于山、屏山三山鼎立，白塔乌塔两塔对峙，还有穿城而过的母亲河闽江，构成了“三山两塔一条江”独特的城市格局。城不在大，有水则灵。福州是中国内河密度最大的城市，至今还拥有着内河42条。当年意大利旅行家马可波罗曾到过福州，在他的游记中，称福州是他所游历过的中国城市中，桥最多的`美丽水城。说到水呀，就不得不说一下福州的温泉了。福州是中国的三大温泉区之一，自古就有“浴在福州”的美誉。这的温泉分布广，埋藏浅，温度高，水量大，水质好，最难得的是都集中在市中心，这在世界各大城市还是极为罕见的。福州人早在1000多年前，就开始享受温泉了。每当忙碌之后，劳作之余，到澡堂里去泡泡温泉，那绝对是人生的一大享受。

说到人才之气啊，福州可是人杰地灵、贤才辈出。据史料记载，从唐宋到明清，福州籍状元就有23名，进士则多达4000多人，特别是中国近代史以来，更是名人辈出，有民族英雄林则徐、西学泰斗严复，文坛祖母冰心、数学家陈景润等等。由此可见，福州人不仅会享受生活，而且还勤奋学习呢。

各位团友，我们每到一个地方，都会不由自主的关注它的饮食文化。而在福州呢，它的饮食文化也是源远流长的，以福州菜为代表的闽菜，是我国八大菜系之一。这其中啊，佛跳墙就是闽菜中的首席菜，至今已有一百多年的历史了。风味小吃呢，更是遍布街头巷尾，肉燕、鱼丸等等，都是让人大饱口福的，这些呢，我们旅行社也都有为大家安排，到时候大家可以好好品尝了。

说了这么多，大家对福州是不是已经有了一定的了解呢?在接下来的旅程让我们一起感受一下福州古城的神韵，相信有福之州一定能让大家载福而归的。好了，各位团友，不知不觉我们已经到了下榻的酒店，现在，请大家带好随身物品随我下车，请小心慢走，谢谢!

三坊七巷不仅以她的古建筑闻名于世，她还代表了福州人重教育，好读书的优良传统，科举之盛，在全国也属罕见。南宋学者，被称为与朱熹、张轼齐名的东南三贤之一的吕祖谦，在福州写下了一首脍炙人口的诗篇：“路逢十客九青矜，半是同袍旧弟兄。最忆市桥灯火静，巷南巷北读书声。”这首诗也是三坊七巷的生动写照，说明了福州读书人之多，以及深夜苦读的生动景象。

“三坊七巷”是福州历史的的见证;“三坊七巷”是闽江流域人民智慧的结晶;“三坊七巷”更是福州人文荟萃的缩影。它记录了唐末五代时闽王王审知立国的史实，记录了宋末端宗南明隆武皇帝在福州称帝的经历。它吹洒着辛亥革命的风雨，传播着北京“五四”运动在福州的影响。这些坊巷内曾经居住过上百名高官显贵、学者名流，唐学者黄璞，宋理学家陈襄、晚唐诗人陈烈、状元郑性之、明抗倭名将张经、清巡抚沈葆桢、近代启蒙思想家严复等等都曾在三坊七巷居住过，还有黄花岗烈士林觉民。说到林觉民我们不能不提到他的《与妻书》。林觉民牺牲后，全家为了避祸匿居在光禄坊早题巷一处许家院宅。一天晚上，有人悄悄地将林觉民写给父亲及妻子的遗书塞进门缝，林觉民的妻子一直将这封信珍藏到辛亥革命福州光复后。这一如诗如画的名篇写得情真意切，感人肺腑，催人泪下，不仅表达了夫妻间深深的歉疚和殷殷的情意，而且表达了“乐牺牲吾身与汝身之福利，为天下谋永福”的革命精神和伟大情怀，激励了千千万万的热血青年。具有极为珍贵的历史价值和艺术价值。

《与妻书》中也十分细腻地表达了烈士对故里“三坊七巷”的眷恋之情，有一段是这样描写的：“后街之屋，入门穿廊，过前后厅，又三四折，有小厅，厅旁一屋，为吾与汝双栖之所，初婚三四个月，适冬之望日前后，窗外疏梅筛月影，依稀掩映……”看到这，我们怎能不为烈士牺牲前对亲人和美丽家园----“三坊七巷”深深眷恋之情所震憾呢!谁没有亲人，谁没有自己的家园?可林觉民却英勇奋战，在负伤被擒受审时仍表示：“只要革除暴政，建立共和，能使国家富强则吾死瞑目矣”，这就是革命者何等博大情怀!

“最忆市桥灯火静，巷南巷北读书声”，让我们再一次感悟到故乡“三坊七巷”古老厚重的文化对我们的培养和熏陶。

大家好，我是大家的导游，小顾，首先，小顾代表福州人民欢迎大家的到来。今天，小顾将要带大家游览福州明清时期古建筑瑰宝----三坊七巷。

三坊七巷地处市中心，东临八一七北路，西靠通湖路，北接杨桥路，南达吉庇巷、光禄坊，占地约40公顷，现居民3678户，人口14000余人。三坊七巷是南后街两旁从北到南依次排列的十条坊巷的简称。三坊是：衣锦坊、文儒坊、光禄坊;七巷是杨桥巷、郎官巷、塔巷、黄巷、安民巷、宫巷、吉庇巷。由于吉庇巷、杨桥巷和光禄坊改建为马路，现在保存的实际只有二坊五巷。即使如此，在这个历史悠久的居民区内，仍然保留着丰富的文物古迹，保存一批名人故居和明清时代的建筑。在这居民区内，坊巷纵横，石板铺地;白墙青瓦，结构严谨;房屋精致，匠艺奇巧，集中体现了闽越古城的民居特色，是闽江文化的荟萃之所，被建筑界喻为一座规模庞大的明清古建筑博物馆。

“三坊七巷”是国家历史文化名城----福州的主要标志，被誉为明清古建筑博物馆。近代诗人陈衍诗云：“谁知五柳孤松客，却住三坊七巷间。”这大约就是“三坊七巷”的由来。

三坊七巷的民风民俗也是福州民风民俗的代表，许多节俗活动中心常集中在三坊七巷，它包括民间信仰、岁时节庆活动、建筑物中的民俗等。

“月光光，照池塘;骑竹马，过洪塘;洪塘水深难得渡，等妹撑船来接郎。问郎长，问郎短，问郎几时返?”这是唐朝观察使常衮作的一首民谣。它曾给居住在三坊七巷的几代百姓带来多少童年的回忆。直到现在，特别是老一辈人听到这首琅琅上口的民谣仍激动不已。

好了，我们的三坊七巷之旅就要结束了，接下来大家可以自由活动一个小时，大家可以走走看看，有什么问题也欢迎大家过来问我，小顾一定知无不言!

Distinguished guests

Hello everyone! Welcome to Fuzhou.

Im __, the tour guide of China Travel Agency. Next to me is Ma Shifu, whois experienced in driving. Today and tomorrow, we are going to spend the trip inFuzhou with you. I wish you have a good time, eat at ease and sleep at ease.Its a great honor to accompany you to Gushan, the most famous touristattraction in Fuzhou, which is known as "Fujian mountain first".

With an altitude of 969 meters and an area of 1890 hectares, Gushan standsin the eastern suburb of Rongcheng and on the North Bank of Minjiang River.GUSHAN is one of the top ten scenic spots in Fujian Province and also a nationalscenic spot. As early as more than 1000 years ago, it has been famous. LangGuoPu, the Shangshu of the Western Jin Dynasty, praised "Zuoqi (mountain) andYougu (mountain) as the two best in Fujian" in the book of moving cities. It isnamed Gushan because there is a huge stone like a drum at the top of themountain. Whenever there is wind and rain, there will be a sound of turbulence.There are three ways to climb Gushan Mountain from the Piedmont courtyard: oneis from the east side of the courtyard, which was built in 1954. The second isto build an aerial cableway (cable car) on the west side of the courtyard toreach the 18 scenic spots of Gushan, which is more than 1000 meters long; thethird is to build an ancient stone step road between the highway and thecableway, which is 3 meters long. It is 5 km long and has 2145 steps. A pavilionis built every 500 meters or so for tourists to rest on the mountain. Theancient road is zigzag and winding up. After passing through the sevenpavilions, you can enter the mountain gate to Yongquan temple. With Yongquantemple as the center, Gushan Scenic Spot is divided into four roads, East, West,North and south, with more than 160 sceneries.

Color is more intense, and more people know and love it. Therefore, Gushancliff stone carvings can be seen everywhere, about 549. Since the Song Dynasty,famous poets have chiseled various types of stone carvings in Jueming, Lingyuancave, Baiyun cave, relic cave, 18 scenes of Damo and the rocks beside theancient road. Among them, more than 300 are carved near Lingyuan cave, which isalso the place with the most cliff carvings. Among them are the handwriting ofCAI Xiang, Li Gang, Zhao Ruyu and Zhu Xi, the great calligraphers of the SongDynasty, and Guo Moruo, a modern man. The natural "forest of Steles" of sealscript, Li script, Kai script, Xing script and Cao, which are gathered by thesefamous people, are really dazzling. GUSHAN is also a rare Calligraphy Gallery inChina. It is like a natural treasure house of stone calligraphy, so it is called"southeast forest of Steles".

There are four characters in front of the stone arch "deep in the spiritsource". After entering the stone gate, more than 60 steps down the cliff,Lingyuan cave, where we are now, belongs to the valley in valley terrain ingeography. It has different mountains and strange rocks. There is a deep streambetween the two peaks, about 3 meters wide and more than two feet deep. It islike a stone cave, which is called Lingyuan cave. In summer, it is a naturalair-conditioned room, very comfortable. For this reason, a famous person in theSong Dynasty, who was greedy for the beautiful scenery here, forgot the time togo home and left behind the words "forget to return stone". Who is this man?Lets look ahead. The three big red characters "forget to return stone" in theforeword are mentioned by Cai Xiang, a great calligrapher of Song Dynasty. CaiXiang is a famous statesman and calligrapher in the Northern Song Dynasty. Hewas born in Xianyou, Fujian Province. He was smart and studious when he wasyoung. He became a scholar when he was 18 years old. Since then, he has enteredan official career. He is honest, upright and selfless. He has done a lot ofgood things for the people and won the support of the people. It can be seenfrom this picture that in 1045, Cai Xiang was appointed as Zhizhou in Fuzhou foronly one year. He came to Gushan with Guo Shiji, Su caiweng and Shao Yihua.Because of the mountain beauty, forget time, so leave "forget stone" threewords. Cai Xiang is versatile, and his articles and calligraphy are very good.His "tea record" and "litchi manual" are the earliest agricultural Monographs inChina. However, Cai Xiangs greatest influence on later generations is hiscalligraphy, which has been highly appraised in the past dynasties. Latergenerations call him, Su Dongpo, Mi Fu and Huang Tingjin the four greatestcalligraphers of the Song Dynasty. Cai Xiang is a versatile calligrapher,

As far as Cai Xiangs regular script is concerned, critics think that CaiXiangs regular script is deeply influenced by Tang Yan style. If you see YanZhenqings regular script in his later period, it is not difficult to find thattheir regular script is quite close, both of them are strong, majestic, squareand full. On the basis of absorbing the characteristics of strong and majesticface and square and full body, Cai Xiang wrote his words with great strength andelegant posture. Therefore, Cai Xiangs regular script has a "dignified andcalm" style.

Please look at the cliff of Maitreya Pavilion on your left hand. ShiYuanchang wrote "drinking water rock" in 1061. There is a little legend aboutthese three words that Lingquan never returns after drinking. It is said thatthe founder of Yongquan temple, Shen Yan, chanted here in ancient times. Becauseof the noise of the running water under the stream, he gave a loud drink to stopthe running water. Since then, the stream has changed its way to the East, andthe stream here has dried up. Where is the stream now? I will take you to findthe spring later. For example, Xu Xizhi, a scholar of the Song Dynasty, thoughtthat "when the mountains are heavy and the mountains are complex, the lock isloose, and only when the spring is seated, I would not drink water from othermountains if I were a waiter." Even Yu Dafu, a modern writer, has left a"strange impression that he is lively and never comes back to the source ofwater for thousands of years." Some people think that there should be no waterhere, while others think that it is better to have no water. If you look up,will those four characters make us have endless memories? In addition, there areink marks left by Lin Gongji, Yan Du, sun Jue, Wei Jie and other people in SongDynasty. All kinds of calligraphy styles have their own charm for you toenjoy.

Fuzhou, an ancient city center with a history of more than 2200 years, islocated in this famous historical and cultural block of three lanes and sevenalleys. Covering an area of about 40 hectares, it is composed of three lanes,Seven Lanes and one central street, namely Yijin lane, Wenru lane and Guanglulane; Yangqiao lane, Langguan lane, Ta lane, Huang Lane, Anmin lane, Gong lane,Jibi lane and nanhou street, so it has been called "three lanes and Seven Lanes"since ancient times.

Three lanes and seven alleys originated in Jin Dynasty, perfected in Tangand Five Dynasties, and flourished in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Up to now, theancient pattern of lanes is basically intact. It is the only "living fossil ofLifang system" in Chinese cities. There are more than 200 ancient buildingspreserved in lanes. Among them, there are nine national key cultural relicsprotection units, and there are a large number of provincial and municipalcultural protection units and historical protection buildings The Museum ofarchitecture.

The three lanes and seven alleys are famous for their unique geographicalfeatures. They have always been "the settlement of famous people in the capitalof Fujian". Many people, such as Lin Zexu, Shen Baozhen, Yan Fu, Chen Baochen,Lin Juemin, Lin Xu, Bing Xin, Lin Shu, who had an important influence on thesociety at that time and even the process of modern China, all came from theseplaces, making this hot land full of special humanistic values and unshakablespirituality and talents, and becoming the center of Fuzhou proud.

Fuzhou is a famous city with a history of more than 2200 years. In the 13thyear of Kaiyuan of Tang Dynasty (725), Fuzhou was established as the capital ofFuzhou. In 908, the second year of Liang Kaiping in the Five Dynasties, WangShenzhi, the king of Fujian, expanded the city and enclosed the beautifulWushan, Yushan and Pingshan into the city. Since then, Fuzhou has become aunique city with "mountains in the city and cities in the mountains". "Threemountains" became the alias of Fuzhou.

Located in the lower reaches of Minjiang River in the east of FujianProvince, Fuzhou is the political, economic and cultural center of FujianProvince. The total area of the city is 11968 square kilometers, including 1043square kilometers of urban area; the total population is more than 4.8 million,including 1.16 million urban population. "Because there are Fushan mountains inthe north of Fuzhou", it is named Fuzhou. Because banyan trees were planted morethan 900 years ago, "the city is full of green and shade, but not covered insummer", it is also known as "banyan city". At present, it has jurisdiction overfive districts of Gulou, Taijiang, Cangshan, Mawei and Jinan, and two citiesand six counties of Fuqing, Minhou, Luoyuan, Lianjiang, Changle, Pingtan,Minqing and Yongtai. The residents are mainly Han nationality, and there aremore than 20 ethnic minorities, such as she, man, Miao and Hui. Fuzhou is a warmand humid subtropical monsoon climate with pleasant climate and evergreen trees.The annual average temperature is 19.6 ℃, the average temperature in the coldestJanuary is 10.5 ℃, the average temperature in the hottest July is 28.6 ℃, andthe average annual precipitation is 1342.5mm. The best tourism season is fromApril to November every year. There is a famous hot spring in the city.

Members, today Im going to talk about three lanes and seven alleys, theancient architectural treasures of Ming and Qing Dynasties in Fuzhou.

Sanfangqixiang is located in the center of the city. It is adjacent tobay17 North Road in the East, Tonghu road in the west, Yangqiao road in thenorth, Jibi lane and Guanglu square in the south. It covers an area of about 40hectares and has 3678 households with a population of more than 14000. Threelanes and seven alleys are the abbreviation of ten alleys arranged from north toSouth on both sides of nanhou street. Three lanes are Yijin lane, Wenru lane andGuanglu lane; seven lanes are Yangqiao lane, Langguan lane, Ta lane, Huang Lane,Anmin lane, Gong lane and Jibi lane. Due to the reconstruction of Jibi lane,Yangqiao lane and Guanglu lane into roads, only two lanes and five lanes arepreserved. Even so, in this residential area with a long history, there arestill rich cultural relics and historic sites, including a number of formerresidences of celebrities and buildings of Ming and Qing Dynasties. In thisresidential area, there are many lanes, stone slabs, white walls and greentiles, strict structure, exquisite houses and ingenious craftsmanship, whichembody the characteristics of Minyue ancient city. It is a gathering place ofMinjiang culture, and is regarded as a large-scale museum of Ming and Qingancient architecture by the architectural circles.

"Three lanes and Seven Alleys" is the main symbol of Fuzhou, a famoushistorical and cultural city of China. It is known as the Museum of ancientarchitecture of Ming and Qing Dynasties. Chen Yan, a modern poet, said: "whoknows that the five willows are solitary pines, but they live in three lanes andseven alleys." This is about the origin of "three lanes and Seven Alleys".

The folk customs of the three lanes and seven alleys are also therepresentative of the folk customs in Fuzhou. Many festival activities are oftencentered on the three lanes and seven alleys, including folk beliefs, festivalactivities at the age of, folk customs in buildings, etc.

"Moonlight shines on the pond; riding a bamboo horse across the pond; itshard to cross the depth of the pond. Wait for my sister to take a boat to meetLang. Ask long Lang, short Lang and when will Lang return? " This is a folk songwritten by Chang Gung, an observer of the Tang Dynasty. It has brought manychildhood memories to generations of people living in three lanes and sevenalleys. Until now, especially the older generation is still excited to hear thiscatchy folk song.

Three lanes and seven lanes are famous for its nearly 300 ancientresidential buildings in Ming and Qing Dynasties. The ancient streets, completelanes, ancient rivers, ancient bridges and ancient banyan trees have formed asimple and distinctive traditional style, which has aroused the wide interest ofmany experts in cultural relics and Archaeology at home and abroad, and hasbecome a must for tourists to come to Fuzhou. It can be said that it is "rare inthe whole country, only in Jiangnan". The three lanes and seven alleys ofoverseas Chinese in Fuzhou are their haunted and unforgettable hometown.

习惯上讲，我们都先说三坊后讲七巷，其实，从建筑位置来分析应该是先有七巷后有三坊。唐代的先民们先是沿着城市的轴线——南街，建起了一组排列工整的"新村"。然后，再隔一条南后街，向西发展，建起一组坊巷，成为以南后街为中心轴线的"非"字形结构的街区。经过千百年的风雨变迁，大多于宋代定下坊巷之名，于明清时代形成今天建筑格局，成为福州历史文化名城的标志性建筑。

从建筑空间的处理来看，三坊七巷在中轴线上的主厅堂，比北方的厅堂明显高、大、宽，与其他廊、榭等建筑形成高低错落，活泼而又极富变化的空间格局。厅堂一般是开敞式的，与天井融为一体。特别要指出的是，为了使厅堂显得高大、宽敞、开放，一般在廊轩的处理上着力，承檐的檩木，或再加一根协助承檐的檩木，都特意采用粗大的而长的优质硬木材，并用减柱造的办法，使的厅堂前无任何障碍，这在北方建筑及其他南方建筑中，都极少见到。例如宫巷林聪彝故居之轿厅以及祠庙的戏台，均是如此处理。这是福州古建筑的重要特色之一。

三坊七巷除了在布局结构上与众不同之外，在围墙、雕饰、门面上都很有特色。