苏州园林狮子林导游词精品20篇

岜沙苗族部落，分住在贵州省从江县城南的月亮山麓茫然林海中的5个寨子里。岜沙村不大，村寨木楼古朴、简单;四周则为密林环绕，环境幽雅;村民全系苗族，衣着传统，发饰奇特。

而肇兴侗寨位于贵州省黔东南苗族侗族自治州黎平县东南部，是全国最大的侗族村寨之一，素有“侗乡第一寨”之美誉。在别的寨子要看女人，到了岜沙则要看男人。岜沙是南部侗族风情区中为数不多的苗族风情景点之一。

由于岜沙男人总是把长枪扛于肩上，因而岜沙苗寨也被誉为“中国最后一个枪手部落”，这里地处偏僻，受到外来文化冲击较少，至今仍保持着远古遗风以及独特的岜沙文化习俗。在岜沙，男人必须同“枪手”二字等同起来才算是真正的男人，神枪手则会得到更多尊重与爱慕。岜沙无疑是个充满了原始的英武气息的寨子，就连女子也是一身劲装。岜沙女子上穿大襟衣，下穿百褶裙，扎绑腿，不求婀娜多姿，只求腿脚灵快。岜沙男人一身古代部落武士装扮中，最为特别的便是他们的头饰，岜沙男人的发髻是他们与其他支系相区别的最重要的标志。

另外，侗族就南部而言，肇兴侗寨是屈指一数的，有“千家肇洞”和“侗乡第一寨”之美誉。肇兴侗寨四面环山，寨子建于山中盆地，一条小河穿寨而过。寨中房屋为干栏式吊脚楼，鳞次栉比，错落有致。肇兴不仅是鼓楼之乡，而且是歌舞之乡，寨上有侗歌队、侗戏班。每逢节日或宾客临门，侗族群众欢聚于鼓楼、歌坪，举行“踩歌堂”、“抬官人”等民族文娱活动。

接待各人来到这!我是你们的导游，我姓x，华北地区，各人可以叫我小x。为了便于各人旅行嬉戏，下面我起首各人先容一下。

澳门汗青城区是一片以澳门旧城区为焦点的汗青街区，其间以相邻的广场和街道毗连而成，包罗妈阁庙前地、亚婆井前地、岗顶前地、议事亭前地、大堂前地、板樟堂前地、耶稣会眷念广场、白鸽巢前地等多个广场空间，以及妈阁庙、港务局大楼、郑家大屋、圣老楞佐教堂、圣若瑟修院及圣堂、岗顶剧院、何东图书馆、圣奥斯定教堂、民政总署大楼、三街会馆(关帝庙)、仁慈堂大楼、大堂(主教座堂)、卢家大屋、玫瑰堂、大三巴牌楼、那边吒庙、旧城墙遗址、大炮台、圣安多尼教堂、东方基金会会址、基督教墓地、东望洋炮台(含东望洋灯塔及圣母雪地殿圣堂)等20多处汗青构筑。澳门汗青城区于2019年按照文化遗产遴选尺度 Ciiiiiivvi 被列入《天下文化遗产目次》。

澳门汗青城区生涯了澳门四百多年中西文化交换的汗青精华。它是中国境内现存年月最远、局限最大、生涯最完备和最齐集，以西式构筑为主、中西式构筑相互辉映的汗青城区;是西方宗教文化在中国和远东地域撒播汗青重要的见证;更是四百多年来中西文化交换互补、多元共存的结晶。

多元共存 调和领悟

16世纪中叶，因应中外商业的新形势，明朝当局划出澳门半岛西南部一片地段，供以葡萄牙工钱主的外国贩子栖身及举办商业，澳门由此成长成19世纪前中国首要的对外口岸，也是亚洲地域重要的国际口岸。商业勾当的昌盛吸引了天下各地的人前来，一个融合欧、亚、非、美四洲人民的“华洋杂居”的国际都市由是降生。葡萄牙人将这个用城墙围起的都市定名为“上帝圣名之城”，我们本日的澳门汗青城区就是它的焦点部门。

四百多年间，在这块城区内，来自葡萄牙、西班牙、荷兰、英国、法国、意大利、美国、东瀛鬼子、瑞典、印度、马来西亚、菲律宾、朝鲜乃至非洲地域等等差异处所的人，带 著差异的文化头脑，差异的职业武艺，差异的风尚风俗，在澳门汗青城区内盖屋子、建教堂、修马路、筑炮台以至闢建墓地，睁开多姿多彩的糊口，包罗种种文化勾当。在这种机会下，澳门得民俗之先，成为中国境内打仗近代西方器物与文化最早、最多、最重要的处所，是其时中国打仗西方文化的桥头堡。与此同时，栖身在澳门的外国人，也以各类方法，向天下各国先容在澳门见到的统统中国文化头脑与糊口习俗。澳门，也是一道外国熟悉中国的派别。

随著外国人的定居，他们把本身的构筑传统越洋带到澳门，使澳门成为近代西洋构筑传入中国的第一站。尤其是葡萄牙人在澳门的构筑物，无不显暴露与葡萄牙本土构筑的亲近相关。究竟上，文艺再起后的一些首要构筑情势、气魄威风凛凛，团结亚洲其余地域差异的构筑元素在澳门发生了新的变体，形成独树一帜的构筑气魄威风凛凛。

开创很多中国第一

明末清初，大量上帝教传教士以澳门为传教基地，起劲从事远东地域的传教事变，并由此缔造出中西文化交换的光辉篇章。这些传教士来自差异的修会，他们为中国带来了西方近代的科学技能及人文艺术，又向西方先容了中国的文化成绩。而作为基地的澳门，在各修会的全力建树下，开创了很多“中国第一”的奇迹，如中国第一所西式大学(圣保禄学院)、中国第一所西式医院(白马行医院)、中国第一以是西方金属制版和印刷拉丁笔墨的印刷厂(圣保禄学院隶属印刷所)、中国第一份外文报纸(《蜜蜂华报》)A Abelha da China 等等。由耶稣会在澳门创办的圣保禄学院(现已不存)及圣若瑟修院，为上帝教在远东和中国的传教奇迹作育了大量人才，同时也作育了大批中国籍的传教士，为中西文化交换作出卓越的孝顺。

到19世纪，随著第一位传教士马礼逊来到中国大陆，基督新教也以澳门为基地之一，起劲开展传教勾当。好比中国第一位新教徒蔡高就是由马礼逊在澳门为其洗礼;另外，由马礼逊编写的《华英字典》也是在澳门出书。而由新教徒在澳门创办的“马礼逊学校”更快要代西式学校教诲模式引入中国，作育出容闳等闻名门生，对中国教诲的当代化作为孝顺。

另一方面，澳门民间的妈祖崇敬，示意了澳门与中国闽粤沿海住民妈祖信奉一脉相承的相关。可是，因为社会和汗青情形的非凡性，澳门的妈阁庙在中国浩瀚的妈祖庙中又别具特色。它既有中国以至外洋妈祖崇敬撒播和组织的典范特性，又因澳门是近代中国与西方打仗最重要的商港，使妈阁庙成为最早向欧洲撒播妈祖文化的处所。

在四百多年的汗青里，中国人与葡萄牙人在澳门汗青城区内，协力营造了差异的糊口社区。这些糊口社区，除了展示澳门的中、西式构筑艺术特色外，更揭示了中葡两国人民差异宗教、文化以至糊口风俗的领悟与尊重。这种中葡人民配合酝酿出来的温情、淳朴、海涵的社区气味，是澳门最具特色、最有代价的处所。

今天，我们去了海南省琼海市的博鳌镇，这时有著名的“博鳌亚洲论坛会址”和好玩的玉带滩。

我们从海口市出发，一路上下了好几阵雨，我发现这里真是多雨，一会儿下雨像瓢泼一样，一会儿就马上放睛了。一路上绿油油的稻田随处可见，我还看见了成片成片的树林，还有远远的小山坡上种着许多的植物，有菠萝、香蕉、椰子、槟榔等等。

坐车走了一个半小时，我们到了一个景区，下了车，我们坐船顺着一条江到了对岸，这里有一个有名的沙滩，叫“玉带滩”。它就像是一条长长的带子一样。我认真地听了船上导游的讲解，说是这里一共有三条江---万泉河、九曲江、龙滚河，三条江在这里汇聚在一起流向了大海，称作“三江入海口”，玉带滩正是在这三条江和海的中间。

我们下了船，走上玉带滩，这里的沙子非常粗，走上去有点扎脚，而且今天太阳光特别强，晒得沙子非常的烫脚，我先是脱了鞋，后来太烫了就又穿上了。过了十几米，就看到大海，这里的风很大，海浪也大，一下子把我的裤子全打湿了。因为浪很大，所以没人敢在这里游泳。

人们在这里有的玩摩托汽艇，有的玩空中飞行。我们在这里玩了半个小时，就坐船回去了，回去时，我还看到了岸边的白色别墅群和有着亚洲各国国旗的论坛会址，特别漂亮!

女士们、先生们，大家好：

我是本次“夏之旅”第二站三峡导游—廖雪瑶，我们第二站参观的是宜昌三峡，说起三峡，大家都知道，可有多少人了解呢?现在我们就去了解一下吧! 在我身后的是“三峡风情园”，它是由松鸣谷、马场、水族馆……组成的，由于时间紧迫，我们就只参观松鸣谷。

松鸣谷现有鸟类100多种，比如有鸽子、云雀、孔雀……不计其数，那边孔雀开屏了!我们去看看吧! 今天是“五一”黄金周，三峡旅行社为你们推出了鹦鹉表演，有算术、打水、骑车……十分有趣，我们去看看。表演看完了，我带你们去个神秘的地方，那就是—大坝，大坝建在三斗坪中堡岛，长达2309米，高达18米以上，犹如一座横跨长江的水上长城。

三峡工程是世界最大的水利枢纽工程，已被列为全球超级工程之一，它是上个具有防洪、发电、蓄水，生态、航行等多开发目标型的水利水电工程。 你们还记得毛主席的诗句吗? 截断巫山风雨， 高峡出平湖。 神女若无恙， 当惊世界殊。 参观完毕，回家。

Changsha city, referred to as "long, nickname" star city ", "chu city", is also the provincial capital of hunan province, my hometown. By mountain city is the most valuable gift of nature to changsha. The beautiful land of write too much better on historical spanning, dufu.longhai left "jiangnan landscape, the fallen petal season and every gentleman" song of eternal; Zhang Shi song dynasty, zhu xi in yuelu academy teaching twice; More generation great man MAO zedong crowd j head, high-spirited, encouraging words...

When it comes to changsha, people naturally think of j head, the xiangjiang river sight. Orange continent, some people say that it is a painting, plum for spring, zhu qing Elizabeth Barbara ohm, orange, yellow, orange, green, silver. Orange continent, someone says it is a poem, between heaven and earth day flow, the ancient and modern in character. The emotion recalling ancientry, master the ups and downs. Orange continent, is the green pearl inlaid in the xiangjiang river, changsha is the pride of the people. Xiangjiang river sight all sight fully reflects the natural scenery in hunan province, a beautiful environment, is a good place for tourists sightseeing trip, and citizen exercise night tour of the state. Xiangjiang river is the mother river of the changsha, it surging south, bubbling to the north, zhao mountain in changsha city, the three han alum turned to the northwest, to Joe for wangcheng, in yueyang dongting, through the changsha city about 25 kilometers. The xiangjiang river on both sides of the red cliff, such as chardonnay, white as snow, sand willows, such as silk, Qiang sails as a cloud, make a beautiful sight along the river in changsha.

When it comes to changsha, nature is little not food. Hunan cuisine is one of the eight great cuisines of China. Today changsha delicacies already known: squid spicy small lobster, iron plate, stinky tofu, hot and sour powder... Eating in changsha, oneself of breath, "food" is interesting, such as "eat" such as drunk. In star city streets, how many traditional snacks waiting for, and how many trendy snack make people hope.

With the expansion of the city, the changes of flickering skyscrapers. At the same time, the street is lined with trees on both sides, we like to live in the garden. Straight, clean, clean, spacious avenue of traffic of the city changes with each passing day, make the camp of the new road tunnel urbanization construction on a new stage; Wuhan-guangzhou high-speed accelerated economic exchanges and coastal cities in central China, greatly improved the living standards of people; The city subway and light rail would be built and also greatly facilitates peoples travel.

Changsha, zhuzhou and xiangtan urban agglomeration in 20xx formally approved by the national construction of a resource-conserving and environment-friendly comprehensive reform pilot area, become the rise of central China "engine", drive the economic development of China. Was to press evaluation, "changzhutan economic integration both experience and lessons, whether success or setbacks, will be to the Yangtze river delta, the pearl river delta, bohai sea region these newcomers profound enlightenment." Believe in changsha will be more beautiful tomorrow.

I love my hometown, my beautiful star city - changsha.

怀圣寺是广州的清真古寺之一，始建于唐高祖武德年间，怀圣寺总面积1553平方米，整体建筑为典型的阿拉伯建筑风格，寺内设有教长室、藏经室，礼拜大殿和专供洗礼的水房寺内的光塔。

怀圣寺位于中国广州越秀区光塔路56号，是中国现存最早的清真寺，1996年被国务院公布为第四批全国重点文物保护单位之一。

圣寺又名狮子寺，俗称光塔寺，是中国四大古代清真寺之一，也是我国现存最古老的清真寺建筑，被列为广东省省级重点文物保护单位。怀圣寺建于唐初，是伊斯兰教传入我国后最早建立的清真寺之一，为纪念伊斯兰教创始人“至圣”穆罕默德，故名怀圣寺。光塔始建于唐代，高36.3米，此塔为国内现存伊斯兰教建筑最早最具特色的古迹之一。1996年11月国务院公布怀圣寺为全国重点文物保护单位。相传唐高祖武德年间(618-626年)，伊斯兰教创始人穆罕默德曾派门徒4人来华传教。其中的艾比·宛葛素于唐贞观初年从波斯湾到达广州，建造了怀圣寺。怀圣寺于627年建造，至今已有1300多年历史。怀圣寺历史上曾遭火焚而后重建。

现寺是清康熙三十四年(1695年)再次修建的。全寺占地2966平方米。寺门西南隅为著名的光塔;正面为看月楼;楼后为月台、水房、东西回廊等;再后为礼拜殿。殿坐西朝东，礼拜时面向圣地麦加。礼拜寺造型庄严肃穆，比例、色彩、装饰均具西亚风格。寺的整体采用中国轴体对称布局，层层深入，逐步展开。寺内设有教长室、藏经室，礼拜大殿和专供洗礼的水房。教徒们常在星期五“主麻日”和伊斯兰教节日前来聚礼。广州交易会期间，许多阿拉伯商人前来做礼拜。寺内的光塔，高36米。它的圆形塔身、笔尖形的塔尖显示了阿拉伯特有的建筑风格。在每次礼拜前，就有人登上塔顶高喊“邦克”，招呼伊斯兰教徒快来做礼拜，故该塔最初叫“邦克塔”。因“光”和“邦克”在广州话里发音相似，故该塔又称光塔。当时阿拉伯教徒常在晚上登塔点灯，为阿拉伯船舶指引航向。怀圣寺是省级重点文物保护单位。当年建造怀圣寺的艾比·苑葛素归真后，葬于桂花岗的先贤古墓地。

你们好!

欢迎你们到泉城济南来旅游!在济南停留期间，由我来接待你们并供给服务，我期望在我的带领下能玩得开心，过得愉快。今日我们要去的地方就是济南三大名胜之一的趵突泉。趵突泉公园位于济南市中心，南面毗邻千佛山，东边临近泉城广场，北边眺望大明湖畔，面积近11万平方米。

趵突泉公园是一座以泉水为主的山水公园，为济南七十二名泉之冠，被誉为“天下第一泉”。趵突泉又被称为槛泉，是泺水的源头，到此刻已经有2700年的历史了，水温一年四季恒定在摄氏18度左右。趵突泉公园因观泉、赏鱼、品茶、山石、文化而闻名，以小巧玲珑，步移景异，清洁幽静、古朴典雅而著称。

此刻映入我们眼帘的这座白墙灰瓦、出檐卷山、卷棚式的民族风格的建筑就是趵突泉公园的东门。大门正中匾额上“趵突泉”三个贴金大字，是1959年郭沫若同志题的词。进了大门，首先大家看到的是一座迎门假山，大家明白为什么要迎着大门建假山吗这是古代园林建造的一种手法，叫做障景法，也就是说以山为主，迎门叠石，似透非透，成为公园门口处的自然屏障，与山石后的溪流交相辉映，构成山环水行之势，同时又同园中其他景物相分离。这座假山的石块全部取自于济南南部山区，石质、色泽、纹理都能够同江苏无锡的太湖石相媲美。

过了晴雨桥，大家再继续往前走，就看到这块石姿优美，纹理自然，高4米，重8吨的龟石了。它最初为元代散曲家张养浩所收藏。张养浩酷爱自然山川，弃官归隐济南后，以山猿、野鹤、山石为友。此龟石有“瘦、皱、漏、透”的特点，在此与它合影，有长寿延年的吉祥之意。

请大家此刻跟随同我一齐往前走，此刻我们来到的地方是马跑泉。你们明白为什么那里叫马跑泉吗据说这泉水是由北宋时期的抗金将领关胜的战马刨出来的，故此得名。相传，关胜是梁山泊农民起义将领，后为济南总兵刘豫的部将，骁勇善战。金兵南侵时，誓死不降，奋勇抗金。在一次激战中，败走西城，口渴难忍。他的战马仰天长嘶，前蹄奋力刨地，泉水夺地而出，后人为纪念此泉，称它为马跑泉。

古城中的店铺熙熙攘攘，店中的商品更是百货齐全。银光耀眼的银器、图案新颖的披肩、小巧精致的民族娃娃、也成了古城中的一道风景。

古城中心――四方街更是热闹，由整齐繁华的铺面围成一块方形街面，称四方街，自清初，就有四方商旅来这里贸易，使丽江古城成为滇西北主要的商品集散地和手工艺品产地。

夜幕降临，古城中的游客们没有选择走出古城，而是留在了古城中的客栈中，在古城客栈中继续欣赏古城的美。天渐渐黑了下来，古城中的人丝毫没有减少。酒吧一条街到了夜晚也开始热闹起来，在酒吧的二楼，不论是谁，都对起歌来，楼上没有地方了，就到楼下来，连桥都没放过。有了对歌的人们，两边的酒吧也成了一道靓丽的风景线。

天空中下起了雨，透过雨看见朦朦胧胧的古城，也是一番美景，两边的房子变得模糊了，雨打在小溪中，溅起一朵朵水花，雨声伴着对歌的声音，歌声显得更好听了。雨越下越大，人们依然不想离开，打起伞，接着游古城。在古城的高处抬眼望去，一把把伞像一朵朵漂亮的花儿，空中回荡着歌声和雨声，故然有种想永远留在这里的感觉。

旅客朋友们，我们现在身处永州小石潭。

大家有没有听到那清脆的水声，这种声音就好像人身上佩戴的玉佩、玉环相碰发出的声音---清脆、悦耳，你们感受到了吗?让我们继续向里走，我们可以看到，我们身旁有着成林的竹子，你们是否感受到环境的幽深冷寂?

在这里，唐代诗人柳宗元曾经留下足迹，并写了一篇佳作------《小石潭记》。

让我们随着这清脆的水声，追随着柳宗元老先生的脚步砍伐竹子进入。

朋友们，快看，下面有一个小水潭。看!它是多么的清澈、透明。它以整块石头为底，石底有些部分还翻卷过来，露出水面。大家看到这些石头的形状，有没有联想到小石礁、小岛屿、小石垒、小石岩等各种不同的形状。

朋友们啊，这里是胜地啊!连鱼都和别处不一样，看它们，像不像在和我们逗乐，我想其它地方的鱼就不能了吧……这一景观可真独特。这么活泼的鱼却生活在这么幽静的环境中，大家觉不觉得这是一个佳境啊!

让我们向西南方向望去，我们可以看到溪身就像北斗七星那样曲折，溪水就像蛇爬行那样弯曲，这景不愧雄奇壮美!

让我们一同坐在石潭，感受一下这寂静、幽深的气氛。

让我们记住这番美景，让我们深吸一口这清新的空气，让我们带着这些记忆，带着这口新鲜的空气离开这里，进入下一站。

庐山英文导游词3篇

庐山地处江西省北部鄱阳湖盆地，九江市庐山区境内，庐山的山体呈椭圆形，长约25公里，宽约10公里，绵延的90余座山峰，犹如九叠屏风，屏蔽着江西的北大门。下面是第一范文网带来的庐山英文导游词，希望大家喜欢。

篇一：庐山英文导游词

Everybody is good! Welcome to the beautiful lushan scenic area. Today, I will explain lushan for everybody!

To the north of lushan mountain is located in the north of jiangxi province, lushan mountain, there is a great river rolling down, that is the golden waterway - the Yangtze river, China and south of it is the largest fresh water lake - in our country, on the terrain, it formed a river lake mountain landscape. Lushan the whole is made up of ninety-nine peaks, of which, the five-old-man peak is the representative of the lushan mountain, but it is not the highest, the highest mountain lushan is hanyang mountain.

But compared with the other famous mountains, lushan mountain is not high, but our country has a good old saying said, "the mountain is not high, with fairy is name." Legend in YanZhou period, when an and several hobbies named quantico magic friends go to the mountain lu, the practice. There was a king Zhou Ding, want to take advantage of them. Take people to up the hill looking, and only see some abandoned the hermitage, he asked the whereabouts of their residents, residents say they have been "feathers fairy. As a result, he left the mountain of the hermitage, called "lushan".

Now, we came to the lushan waterfall "Triassic spring", one of the tang dynastys li bai wrote a poem, here it is "plunges three thousand feet, suspected galaxy nine days." Springs, Triassic cast bead jade, splashing for flying up and down. If it is rainy day, waterfall and angry as long queues, break through the sky, flying volley, the thunder roared, breathtaking. Less than three fold springs, as the saying goes "not to lushan mountain". Congratulations to you become real lushan guest today.

Good! Todays visit to the end, I believe that the Triassic spring left a good impression to you, please bring back to share the beautiful scene with the family! Thank you all!

篇二：庐山英文导游词

Dear visitors, my name is yu-chen zhang, is jiujiang landscape travel guide. Today I lead you to visit the place is only in the "world heritage" of China cultural landscape - lushan scenic area.

Lushan mountain in jiujiang in jiangxi province in central China, the south, also known as "KuangShan", "KuangLu", lists of the Yangtze, tight in poyang lake. The whole of a total of more than 90 peaks. To hanyang peak, the highest peak either altitude 1473.4 meters, the lushan mountain scenery to "show, and the risks, the male" is famous, known as "KuangLu under well of guilin" reputation, is now main twelve landscape, 37, 230 scenery landscape. Lushan early have "lu" of fairy tales, fog day up to an average of 191 days, diffuse clouds of lushan added a lot of the beauty of the landscape charming and mysterious.

Lushan mountain is one of the birthplace of Chinese civilization, as well as a collection of scenery, culture, religion, education, politics, as one of the famous through the ages. Also has a unique quaternary glacial relics, is the theory of the quaternary glacial birthplace.

Now we can visit freely, then well come to here.

篇三：庐山英文导游词

Tourists friends, hello! I am your tour guide Gao Yingli today, you can call me gao. I will accompany you play todays main attraction -- lushan waterfall. Hope that we can happily through the day.

Lushan waterfall has a long history, past many writers saoke fushi in this inscription, its spectacular tribute to the magnificent, lushan falls to bring a high reputation. Nature is one of the most famous tang dynasty poet li bais "lushan waterfall", song has become eternal.

Lushan mountain plains of the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze and poyang lake bank, long steep cliffs, waterfalls. Yu Shao Shiyun: "province at the southern bank of the Yangtze river lake, lushan scenic yan; pull cliffs cliffs flying waterfall, qifeng show ridge around the clouds", is a marvel of the lushan waterfall.

And one of the most famous waterfall should number 3 fold springs, known as lushan first wonders, old "lushan" before the three fold springs, not say. Triassic spring waterfall, water is arrogant on mountain, flows slowly after a while, another five-old-man peak back, through the mountains and rivers stone steps, folding into three fold, so named after Triassic springs waterfall.

Standing in front of the Triassic springs waterfall view stone bench lifted up his eyes, but to see the nearly hundred metres of practice from north white cliff mouth hanging on the big rock, bai lian hang in the air, Triassic, as the ancients cloud: "the superior practice, such as floating clouds drag intermediate such as gravel jiggled ice, at a lower level, such as jade dragon pool." And in the water splash, far more than ten meters still wet idea pungent.

Now you can go to play, collection postscript to get over the gate. Dont litter, cigarette butts in a scenic spot. I wish you all have a good time.

天石天石(亦称为“灵石”或“天星”)，位于山西省灵石县城宾馆西侧的陈列馆八角亭内，是全国著名的第二大陨石。天石，满身孔洞，状若靠椅，而又不规则，“似铁非铁、似石非石，其色苍苍，其声铮铮”，露出地面的部分高达1.6米，底部直径1.5米，体积2.4立方米;埋于地面以下部分的体积究竟有多大，迄今仍然是个谜。传说，日本侵华时期，一个叫山口大荣的日本军官，企图把灵石运往日本，但号令士兵连挖数日不见根底，于是只好作罢，而后便再无一人刨根问底了。灵石为天外之物，何时降落人间，史无记述，据《灵石县志》载，此石为隋文帝开皇十年(公元590年)北巡太原傍汾开道时所获。相传石上有“大道永吉”四字(今已不存)。其时，文帝以为灵瑞，遂赐其名为“灵石”，并榜旨割介休西南地与霍州之北地建设县治，以石命县，取名为“灵石县”，至今已有1400余年的历史。“灵石”因隋文帝赐名而名传千古，因其不同寻常而富有神奇色彩。相传灵石县城的原状是一艘大船，“灵石”则在桅杆处，按其地形，滔滔汾水北来，大船必覆，但因灵石能“镇水灾，捍城垣”，“显灵秀之气”，水即蜿蜒南下。旧时，由于种.种说法，灵石被当地百姓尊为“神石”，每逢过年过节，附近乡民便纷纷前来顶膜礼拜，祈求好运。随着科学的发展，“神石”之说已成为传奇。天石，经科学化验结论，实为一块铁陨石。其硬度为5.5-6.0，有磁性，主要成份为铁，含量达96.17%，其余还有镍、钛、锰等，含量均不达1%，外部体积之大，仅次于乌鲁木齐博物馆陈列的铁陨石。“天石”所处的地理位置优越，右边是豪华舒适的灵石宾馆，左边是直通大运公路的汾河大桥。园内存有北宋大书法家米蒂真迹，还有碑刻“晋省地域全图”及三个展览厅，如果您来灵石旅游或途经这里，一定不要忘记到“天石”景点一游。

白鹤梁是造山运动时自然形成的,长约1600米,宽约10到15米,东西向延伸,与长江平行。背脊标高约为138米,比当地常年最低水位高出2至3米,随着每年枯水期和丰水期的变化,夏隐冬现。梁体分为上、中、下三段,题刻位于中段长约220米、宽约15米的梁体上,迄今发现有题刻约165段,文字约3万余字。题刻始于唐广德元年(公元763年),终于1963年。现存最早明确纪年的是北宋开宝四年(公元971年)。

梁上的18尾石鱼雕刻,记载了1200多年来长江72个枯水年份的水文情况,系统地反映了长江上游枯水年代水位演化情况,为研究长江水文、区域及全球气候变化的历史规律提供了重要的实物佐证。葛洲坝和三峡水利工程的建设都曾经以此为依据,白鹤梁也当之无愧地成为“长江古代水文站”和“世界水文资料的宝库”。

白鹤梁题刻是世界上已知时间最早、延续时间最长、数量最多的水文题刻。联合国教科文组织称白鹤梁为“保存完好的世界唯一古代水文站”。

白鹤梁题刻中有一尾标注最早的枯水题刻的石鱼,它的眼睛正好是长江中上游的零点水位,比1865年长江上设立的第一根水尺——武汉江汉关水尺的水位观测记录,要早1100多年。当地有“石鱼出水兆丰年”之说,据称如果石鱼在冬天枯水期露出水面,则第二年必是丰收年。“石鱼出水”是当地人期盼丰年的“吉兆”。

历代文人墨客都喜欢在白鹤梁上题刻,使其成为集文学、书法、绘画、石刻艺术为一体的“水下碑林”。梁上汇集的300多名文人墨客以8种书体留下的3万余字的题刻,具有令人惊叹的艺术价值,其中尤以宋代大文豪、书法家黄庭坚的“元符庚辰涪翁来”题刻最为著名。

重庆市涪陵区博物馆馆长黄德建说,白鹤梁题刻在科学、历史和艺术等方面都具有极高的价值,是当之无愧的“中华瑰宝”。

山门左右两边供奉的是佛教中的护法神将──四大天王，在《封神榜》里，他们又叫四大金刚，根据他们所执的法器，各有不同的寓意。右边执剑的是南方增长天王，代表风(锋);弹琵琶的是东方持国天王，代表调。左边执伞的是北方多闻天王，代表雨;捉蛇的是西方广目天王，代表顺。四大天王就代表风调雨顺。大家看正面的屏风上的四幅板刻，由右至左分别记载了宾公佛的生平事迹。

绕过屏风，往里走，见到的就是大雄宝殿。大雄宝殿建于康熙五十四年，殿前东边的钟楼，西边的鼓楼，即所谓晨钟暮鼓，现已撤消了，钟、鼓移入殿内，待会儿大家进殿就会看到。大雄宝殿右边是蛇盘神龟雕像，左边是观音阁。

大家知道殿内供奉的是什么佛吗?请看这些挂幡就知道了。释伽牟尼佛是古印度净饭王太子，观世人之生、老、病、死诸苦，就出家修行，寻找解脱之道。经六年苦行后，坐在菩提树下，开悟成佛，终于认识了人生宇宙的真谛，找到了由生死此岸到解脱彼岸的道路。你们看两旁的对联：要识今世兴衰当问先人作事，欲知后来祸福须思自己行为。对联意义深刻，告诫人们要静思己过，乐善好施。大殿两边墙壁上有彩色泥塑十八罗汉象，形态栩栩如生，无一相同。十八罗汉是由佛的xx大弟子，后人加上后世二尊演变而成。

穿过大雄宝殿，第三进供奉的是宾公生佛。宾公生佛以肉身装塑而成。那么如何保存这真身不腐呢?他不同于埃及的木乃伊，也不是医学上的干尸和蜡尸，而是先把尸体弄成盘膝而坐的姿势，背后撑铁条，然后用掺加了五香粉的福州漆，在尸身上反复扫抹几十层，使尸体有一层厚约

5、6毫米的漆壳。全尸身仅在下部留一个孔。再把漆好的尸身放在装满生石灰的大缸上。数年之后，尸体肌肉腐坏，尸水由下部小孔排出，漆壳内便剩下一架骨头，这便是"真身"了。宾公生佛是有求必应的，大家留意到门前的对联没有?证得菩提心有路，果真佛法力无边。因此，大家在参拜过程中，心诚则灵。

走出佛爷殿，我们参观蛇盘神龟雕塑。相传，龟蛇相会，是千年难遇的吉祥征兆。

北投位于大屯火山群、金山断层上，为中国台湾百年来最著名的温泉乡。走过日据时代的浴场风光、光复后的声色风月，北投近年来正快速从没落颓寂中复生，温泉博物馆、亲水公园带来久违的人文风雅与清泷绿茵，加上观光温泉旅馆区蓬勃更新，韵致幽幽的北投，正以怀旧而清新的风貌，重新蜕变为温泉休闲的热门去处。

北投原为凯达格兰族北投社人聚居之地，因大屯山上终年云雾缭绕，神秘莫测，故称之为Pakto(“女巫”之意)，译成汉音即为“北投”。日本商人平田源吾因流连于北投的温泉与美景，遂与在此地成立第一家温泉旅馆——天狗庵，从此开启了温泉乡的发展史：旅馆、温泉浴室和俱乐部竞相成立，到北投洗温泉，是许多走过日据时代老人的旧情回意。

北投温泉的泉源主要来自地热谷及行义路底的龙凤谷，地热谷涌出的热泉澈绿似玉，称为青磺，属盐酸酸性泉，因泉水中又含有少量的放射性镭，也称为“镭温泉”;由龙凤谷接管引来的白磺又称为星汤，属酸性硫酸盐泉，两种泉质均有治疗慢性关节炎、肌肉酸痛、慢性皮肤炎等疗效。时至今日，也有许多爱汤族喜欢晨昏来北投泡泡澡，再漫步一遭，格外神清气爽。

北投的温泉游憩多集中在北投公园周边地带，北投公园内花木扶疏，石造拱桥古朴典雅，游人特别喜欢于此徘徊留影，中国台湾早年盛极一时的台语片电影，就经常在园内捕捉外景，或迳借宿温泉旅社作为拍摄场景，难怪北投曾有“台语片的好莱坞”之称。而昔日的北投温泉公共浴场就座落在公园一隅，曾经是全岛最负盛名、规模最大的公共浴场，如今经过重修复原，已成为极具历史意义的温泉博物馆。北投溪畔，新辟的木质栈道曲折通幽，路旁斜坡上还有雅致的公共石砌浴池，民众可在此享受难得的露天汤浴。

近年，不少观光级旅馆林立山区，或为日治时期留存改建，或是全新建筑;到北投，住宿温泉旅馆享受一晚温泉乡情调，或是泡个温泉澡当日往返，都有不少选择：如光明路244号的泷乃汤，已近90年历史的泡汤文化，男女大众池，分池而浴;原名星乃汤的逸屯及幽雅路上的吟松阁，其木造建筑及庭院仍保留着日式情调，提供泡汤休息、住宿用餐;春天酒店是国际级温泉渡假饭店，属最高价位的享受;其他还有热海、泉都、嘉宾阁、新年庄饭店等提供一般住宿。

来北投不仅可洗温泉，附近山径也有不少值得流连细赏的景点，如幽静的北投儿童乐园、须踏上苔斑石阶方得登临的普济寺，都很适合浴后漫步。

2主要景点编辑

北投温泉风景区是中国台湾温泉之冠。它距台北市12公里，位于阳明山麓北投镇。三面有大屯、七星、纱帽诸峰环绕，南面的淡水河，蜿蜒如带。这里温泉密布，别致的温泉旅社五步一楼、十步一阁，隐现于岩谷溪涧之间。

北投有三大温泉区：北投、阳明山和金山。这三处温泉各有特点：北投温泉水色粉白，多少带有脂粉气;阳明山温泉水色浓绿，有很重的硫磺味;金山温泉水色清澈，可浴亦可饮。 北投是大屯人山温泉区中最大的温泉区。大屯火山群由大屯山、七星山、竹子山、内寮山、磺嘴山等十多个死火山构成，海拔高度为1000米左右，雄踞在台北市的北面。大屯火山区的温泉，沿东北一西南向的金山断层(旧称“新庄断层”)分布。在北投至金山之间，长约18公里，宽约3公里的狭长地带密布的13个温泉，是我国著名的火山温泉区之一。主要有新北投、大磺嘴、大庄(后山公园)、阳明山、竹子湖、小油坑、马槽、三重桥，大油坑等温泉。

大屯火山温泉区泉眼密布，居全国首位，温泉泉源有二三十处之多。不但单位面积的密度大，而已泉水温度高，喷气孔或硫气孔温度可达100摄氏度以上。温泉多为酸性盐泉，并有难闻的硫化氢气体喷出。早在200多年前，北投乃是一片荒坡，人迹罕见，惟有一些高山族同胞的村落零星分布。这里虽已发现硫磺，但未经开发。1698年，浙江人郁永河漂洋过海，到北投来采集硫磺，他看到这里山川秀美，撰写了《埤海纪游》，对此地的风光进行了十分详细的描述。以后，北投得到开拓。随着旅游业的发展，温泉的利用，直到成为名闻遐迩的胜地，则只是近60年来的事。

北投温泉区有三类泉源：一是单纯土类泉，泉质无色透明，略带酸味，泉温59摄氏度，被称为“铁汤”，这是因为在泉水中夹杂着赤褐色的沉淀物，故而得名。实际上，“铁汤”本身是透明无色无臭的，患有神经痛、肠胃病的人，适于在单纯土类温泉中作浴。二是酸性绿矾泉，为无色无味透明液体，略具酸性，泉温65摄氏度，俗称“泷汤”，经常沐浴能治疗癞疮和溃疡等顽症。三是酸性流化氢泉，水色浊白，略带硫磺味，泉温48摄氏度，俗称“腥汤”，患有皮肤病和妇科疾病的人，则可以沐浴酸性硫化氢泉。“铁扬”、“泷汤”和“腥汤”三种温泉，对于患有不同疾病的人，各具疗效。

阳明山温泉从七星山麓涌出，是单纯硫化氢泉，水量多，溢成溪流，人们称它为北投的姐妹泉。这里风光秀丽，春天，樱花绚丽，杜鹃吐红，夏天，清风习习，松涛阵阵，为避暑胜地。

北投公园内的温泉水池，曲径环绕，亭榭小桥点缀其间，布景玲珑，引人入胜。公园北隅山中有一条微呈黄色的小瀑布，有趣的是这条瀑布竟是温热的，所以被称为“北投温瀑”。沿着左侧的幽静小道上坡行进，大约半个多小时，“地狱谷”三个大字赫然入目。这里是北投众多温泉溪流的发源地。地狱谷略呈椭圆形，面积约三四十亩。谷底泉孔密布，大者如掌，小者似珠，终年有热水涌出，久而久之汇成一个热水湖。湖中偶尔喷出十多丈高的白烟，磺气蒸腾，似云雾缭绕而上，灼热逼人，泉温高达90摄氏度。游人为增添旅游乐趣，将生鸡蛋放在流动的温泉水中， 15分钟即可煮熟。吃在嘴里，有一股淡淡的硫磺味。

“地狱谷”谷背山腹间，林木葱茏，沸腾的温泉水自石缝中涌出。这里终日烟雾迷朦，给人一种虚无飘渺的神秘感。偶尔一阵清风吹过，人们才能一窥美景的庐山真面目。

当夜幕降临时，整个地狱谷笼罩在一片迷雾之中，显得既迷人又恐怖。传闻过去有一位游客曾失足掉进热水湖中烫死。“地狱谷”这个带有恐怖色彩的名字，便由此传开。后来，有关当局觉得其名不雅，将其改称为“玉泉谷”，然而并没有叫起来，“地狱谷”早已是“名声在外”了。

从北投乘火车往南行，至士林区，可以换乘汽车去游览参观芝山岩和故宫博物院。芝山岩位于台北士林区通向外双溪与阳明山之间交叉路口的一座孤山之上，海拔高度约50米。外表看来，它与大屯山群不相连，实际上却与下竹林山、拔子埔山一脉相承。芝山岩四周岩壁断直垂立，显得格外挺拔，附近林木参天，环境甚为清幽。据说福建漳州有一座芝山，十分出名。漳州移民渡海来到这里以后，由于怀念大陆故土，常登临此山遥望，后来使用家乡的名山命名之。

很多游人喜欢到芝山岩来访古，寻觅开发台北的历史遗迹。早在清朝康熙年间，来自大陆福建沿海的漳州人，就来到石牌附近开垦，逐渐拓展到士林及芝山岩一带。当时，人们力求神佑保护，便择定秀丽苍翠的圆山仔芝山岩一带，作为建庙供奉之地。乾隆十七年，建开漳圣王庙，供奉漳州人心目中的守护神“开漳圣王”陈元光。后来又建钟楼、鼓楼，称为惠济宫。一直到今天，惠济宫仍然完好地保存下来，成为祖国人民开发和经营中国台湾岛的证物。清朝道光年间，当地居民又在芝山岩文昌祠内，办起了第一个私塾，促进了当地文化教育事业的发展。

1895年后，日本侵略者侵占中国台湾，逼迫台湾同胞学日语，士林义民不甘同化，奋起反抗，在芝山岩歼灭日本官员及军士多名。日军迁怒于当地居民，滥杀无辜，后人遂在芝山岩顶立碑纪念。当时的日本首相闻讯惊慌不已，下令建立芝山岩神社，以纪念侵略者的亡灵。抗日战争胜利后，深受苦难的中国台湾人民拆毁了那座为侵略者招魂的神社，并建立了一座“芝山岩事业碑纪”的碑坊。

这里还有清朝道光年间修筑的古城堡——芝山石城，城墙全部用石料建造，原有东、西、南、北四座城门，而今三座城门荒废，仅仅剩下西门尚可供游人凭吊。登临其上，颇能让人发思古之幽情。

与芝山岩近在咫尺的是双溪公园。其东面，有一个依山建筑，碧瓦黄墙、巍峨壮观的故宫博物院。它既是台湾同胞欣赏祖国文物，又是寻“根”问“底”表示怀乡之情的地方。

金山温泉位于台北县金山乡水尾村。据传说，清同治六年(1867)，金山地区发生了一次大地震，其南部有磺泉涌出，从此得名“金山温泉”。

金山海岸是一片风沙地带，这里的温泉叫磺港温泉，水温约60-80摄氏度，泉水呈赭色，能治肠胃病、皮肤病和妇女病等。

走进大三巴，里面是以前的殿堂，现在只剩下一些大柱子的地基，有点遗憾。走上右边的台阶，站在唱诗班高台上，下面广场的景色大半收在眼底，身后就是殿堂。

最里面是墓堂，参观时一定要保持严肃，要体会这个地方宗教气息，就要亲自看看大理石上的祭檀。隔壁就是天主教艺术博物馆，展品有图画、雕刻、装饰品。都是十六到十九世纪的作品。

游客们，你们觉得大三巴漂亮吗?如果你们觉得漂亮，希望你们下次再来!

一：减少客流量。减轻当地环境压力，保持其空气湿度二氧化碳含量长久稳定 二：获得各方面资金支持，加大原生环境保护力度。

三：建立网上博物馆，通过3D图像让人足不出户即可欣赏到当地美景 四：建立防护栏，严厉禁止游客手触壁画雕像，违者予以重罚

五：建立预览制度，每天限定参观人数(仿造拉斯科洞窟壁画例子)

青少年对文物保护可以力所能及地做好以下事情：

1、多参观博物馆，多了解文物和文物蕴藏的历史文化，做一个历史文化的传承者;

2、了解文物法规政策，做好文物及相关法规知识的宣传，让更多的人增强文物保护意思，加入文物保护行列;

3、生活中见到有人兜售文物或假文物，以及有人破坏文物的现象要及时进行举报(向110或当地文物部门或当地党委政府)。

九仙山，位于鲁东南黄海之滨，县城东南约16.5公里处，东与五莲山毗邻，主峰卡山垛697米，总面积55平方公里，年平均气温、光照、降水等条件与五莲山基本相同。素以“奇如黄山，秀如泰山，险如华山”而著称。

九仙山奇峰异石与洞窟泉瀑之多，与五莲山并称双绝。以其突兀的山峰，苍翠的植被，古老的文化，形成了游览观光的主体。

从曲径通幽的山间秀色到晴空响雷的悬泉飞瀑，从韵脉神秘的自然景观到古老丰富的历史文化，无不受到众多游客的喜爱。九仙山的美可以归纳为奇、秀、险、怪、幽、旷、奥七大特色。。特点是“地中山、地中潭、地中瀑”，华北罕见。

_，遍野的杜鹃花，竞相开放，令人陶醉;霜秋之季，满山的红叶与山光石景相辉映，蔚为壮观，被誉为“江北一绝”。

居仙卧龙，传神离奇。历史上很多隐士骚客，常会于此，吟诗论文，赞美九仙山胜境。战国孙膑马陵大捷之后，辞去齐国军师，浪迹山林，终选此地，修建茅舍，聚徒讲学，并写下了千古不朽的军事巨著《孙膑兵法》。

宋代文学家苏轼曾有“九仙今已压京东”的诗句。明代礼部侍郎翁正春赞为“真齐鲁间圣地也”。明代清初，书画大家张桐与挚友结庐定居，见此山水俱奇，独具特色，自成一山，遂定名“卧象山”，并著《卧象山志》。

1988年，九仙山含在五莲山之内，被省政府列为省级风景名胜区。先后获得“国家AAAA级旅游风景区”、“国家森林公园”、“中国生态旅游实验基地”称号。

澳门历史城区是一片以澳门旧城区为核心的历史街区，其间以相邻的广场和街道连接而成，包括妈阁庙前地、亚婆井前地、岗顶前地、议事亭前地、大堂前地、板樟堂前地、耶稣会纪念广场、白鸽巢前地等多个广场空间，以及妈阁庙、港务局大楼、郑家大屋、圣老楞佐教堂、圣若瑟修院及圣堂、岗顶剧院、何东图书馆、圣奥斯定教堂、民政总署大楼、三街会馆(关帝庙)、仁慈堂大楼、大堂(主教座堂)、卢家大屋、玫瑰堂、大三巴牌坊、哪里吒庙、旧城墙遗址、大炮台、圣安多尼教堂、东方基金会会址、基督教坟场、东望洋炮台(含东望洋灯塔及圣母雪地殿圣堂)等20多处历史建筑。澳门历史城区于20__年根据文化遗产遴选标准 C(ii)(iii)(iv)(vi) 被列入《世界文化遗产目录》。

澳门历史城区保存了澳门四百多年中西文化交流的历史精髓。它是中国境内现存年代最远、规模最大、保存最完整和最集中，以西式建筑为主、中西式建筑互相辉映的历史城区;是西方宗教文化在中国和远东地区传播历史重要的见证;更是四百多年来中西文化交流互补、多元共存的结晶。

多元共存 和谐交融

16世纪中叶，因应中外贸易的新形势，明朝政府划出澳门半岛西南部一片地段，供以葡萄牙人为主的外国商人居住及进行贸易，澳门由此发展成19世纪前中国主要的对外港口，也是亚洲地区重要的国际港口。贸易活动的兴盛吸引了世界各地的人前来，一个融合欧、亚、非、美四洲人民的“华洋杂居”的国际城市由是诞生。葡萄牙人将这个用城墙围起的城市命名为“天主圣名之城”，我们今天的澳门历史城区就是它的核心部分。

四百多年间，在这块城区内，来自葡萄牙、西班牙、荷兰、英国、法国、意大利、美国、日本、瑞典、印度、马来西亚、菲律宾、朝鲜甚至非洲地区等等不同地方的人，带 著不同的文化思想，不同的职业技艺，不同的风俗习惯，在澳门历史城区内盖房子、建教堂、修马路、筑炮台以至闢建坟场，展开多姿多彩的生活，包括各类文化活动。在这种机遇下，澳门得风气之先，成为中国境内接触近代西方器物与文化最早、最多、最重要的地方，是当时中国接触西方文化的桥头堡。与此同时，居住在澳门的外国人，也以各种方式，向世界各国介绍在澳门见到的一切中国文化思想与生活习俗。澳门，也是一道外国认识中国的门户。

随著外国人的定居，他们把自己的建筑传统越洋带到澳门，使澳门成为近代西洋建筑传入中国的第一站。尤其是葡萄牙人在澳门的建筑物，无不显露出与葡萄牙本土建筑的密切关系。事实上，文艺复兴后的一些主要建筑形式、风格，结合亚洲其它地区不同的建筑元素在澳门产生了新的变体，形成独树一帜的建筑风格。

开创许多中国第一

明末清初，大量天主教传教士以澳门为传教基地，积极从事远东地区的传教工作，并由此创造出中西文化交流的辉煌篇章。这些传教士来自不同的修会，他们为中国带来了西方近代的科学技术及人文艺术，又向西方介绍了中国的文化成就。而作为基地的澳门，在各修会的努力建设下，开创了许多“中国第一”的事业，如中国第一所西式大学(圣保禄学院)、中国第一所西式医院(白马行医院)、中国第一所以西方金属制版和印刷拉丁文字的印刷厂(圣保禄学院附属印刷所)、中国第一份外文报纸(《蜜蜂华报》)(A Abelha da China) 等等。由耶稣会在澳门开办的圣保禄学院(现已不存)及圣若瑟修院，为天主教在远东和中国的传教事业培养了大量人才，同时也培养了大批中国籍的传教士，为中西文化交流作出卓越的贡献。

到19世纪，随著第一位传教士马礼逊来到中国大陆，基督新教也以澳门为基地之一，积极开展传教活动。比如中国第一位新教徒蔡高就是由马礼逊在澳门为其洗礼;此外，由马礼逊编写的《华英字典》也是在澳门出版。而由新教徒在澳门开办的“马礼逊学校”更将近代西式学校教育模式引入中国，培养出容闳等著名学生，对中国教育的现代化作为贡献。

另一方面，澳门民间的妈祖崇拜，表现了澳门与中国闽粤沿海居民妈祖信仰一脉相承的关系。但是，由于社会和历史环境的特殊性，澳门的妈阁庙在中国众多的妈祖庙中又别具特色。它既有中国以至海外妈祖崇拜传播和组织的典型特征，又因澳门是近代中国与西方接触最重要的商港，使妈阁庙成为最早向欧洲传播妈祖文化的地方。

在四百多年的历史里，中国人与葡萄牙人在澳门历史城区内，合力营造了不同的生活社区。这些生活社区，除了展示澳门的中、西式建筑艺术特色外，更展现了中葡两国人民不同宗教、文化以至生活习惯的交融与尊重。这种中葡人民共同酝酿出来的温情、淳朴、包容的社区气息，是澳门最具特色、最有价值的地方。

一是道教之说。在东汉末年，张道陵创立“五斗米”教，吸收了不少巫术，成为后来的“鬼教”。公元198年，他的孙子张鲁在丰都设立道教“平都治”，这里遂成为了道教的传教中心。后来，道教又杜撰出一个“罗丰山”，说它是北阴大帝治理的鬼都，这位北阴大帝是道教的第七级中心神，专管地狱。在北魏地理学家郦道元的《水经注》中，称丰都居道教七十二福地的第四十五位。[1]

二是鬼帝(土伯)之说：当人类社会还处在上古时代的时候，由于科学不发达，在遇到一些大自然现象的时候无法做出正确的解释，认为这一切是由鬼神在主宰。而巴族和蜀族是以氐羌部落为主，两个部落。东周时，丰都曾为巴子别都，随着巴蜀两族的不断交往，政治、经济、文化、思想、习俗相互渗透，于是产生了一个共同信仰的宗教神——土伯，这就是巴蜀鬼族的第一代鬼帝。这位鬼帝就住在幽都，至今丰都还留有“幽都”遗迹。

三是佛教“阎罗王”之说。“阎罗王”本是梵文的音译，原为古印度神话里管理阴间之王。佛教沿用此说法，称为管理地狱的魔王。传说他手下有十八判官，分管十八地狱。据《一切经音义》称，“阎罗王”即“平等王”，他能平等治罪。

丰都鬼城四是阴、王成仙之说，这是丰都最广为流传的说法。早在公元270年左右，晋人葛洪在其《神仙传》中就有关阴、王成仙的说法。传说在汉朝时候，有两位方士，一位叫阴长生，是刘肇皇后的曾祖父;一位叫王方平，官至朝中散大夫。他们因不满社会现状，双双先后来丰都修炼，于魏青龙初年，成仙而去。后来到了唐朝，他们二人被人讹传成了“阴王”，即阴间之王。

后来加上历代统治阶级的不断刻意渲染，历代文人、官吏通过小说、诗词、游记和碑文的描述，如《西游记》、《聊斋志异》、《说岳全传》、《西洋记》等等。因此一个比较全面的鬼城就在丰都形成了。它从虚幻到实物，经历了两千多年的历史，将佛教、道教、儒家学说以及中国鬼文化有机结合起来;将巴渝文化、中原文化和域外文化结合起来;将民间神话传说想象与现实结合起来;将建筑、雕塑、绘画等多种艺术形式结合起来，才形成今天天下闻名的“鬼城文化”。

丰都鬼城丰都鬼城位于四川盆地东南边缘，地处长江上游。是七里的故乡。它是一 座依山面水的古城，春秋时称“巴子别都”，它是从重庆顺游长江三峡的第一个旅游景区。传说这里是人死后灵魂归宿的地方。“鬼城”丰都，名山上古木参天，寺庙林立，在庞大的阴曹地府里仙道释儒，诸神众鬼盘踞各庙，等级森严，各司其职并以苛刑峻法统治着传说中的幽灵世界。

丰都鬼城距今已有两千多年的历史，历来被人们当作人类亡灵的归宿之地。

丰都，自古以来就是文化名城，是中国最有特色，最有名气的历史文化小镇，以其丰都鬼城作为阴曹地府所在的丰富的鬼文化而蜚生古今中外。

鬼城丰都以其悠久的历史，独特的文化内涵，神奇的传说，秀美的风光和难以替代的观赏价值，不可多得的鬼文化研究载体和独特源泉，向中外游客展现出神秘的东方神韶。丰都“鬼城”是人们凭想象建造的“阴曹地府”，人们凭想象，用类似人间的法律机制先后建成“阎王殿”、“鬼门关”、“阴阳界”、“十八层地狱”等一系列阴间机构。

Dear guests

Hello! Entrusted by the tourism and reception departments, I would like toextend a warm welcome to all the guests visiting Qufu, a famous city. I am veryglad to be accompanied by a tour guide. This is a good opportunity for us toenjoy and study together. Please leave your valuable comments after reading.

First of all, I would like to briefly introduce the history and culturalrelics of Qufu.

Qufu, a famous historical and cultural city, is the hometown of Confucius,a great thinker, educator, politician, literature arranger and sage of the worldin ancient China, the hometown of Mencius, the birthplace of Xuanyuan YellowEmperor, the ancestor of the Chinese nation, the capital of Yan Emperor, thehometown of Shang and Yin, and the capital of Lu. Four of the three emperors andfive emperors lived and worked here for more than 5000 years. There are abundanttreasures underground and numerous cultural relics on the ground. At present,there are 112 cultural relics, including UN protected units, 3 World CulturalHeritage sites, 4 national protected sites, 12 provincial protected sites, andothers protected at prefecture level.

The most important ones are "three Confucius, two temples and onemausoleum", "three mountains, two forests and one temple". Confucius Temple,Confucius Mansion and Confucius forest are commonly known as "three Confucius".There are temples dedicated to Zhou Gong, the sage of the Yuan Dynasty in China,and temples dedicated to Fusheng Yanhui, the first disciple of Confucius, whichare commonly known as "two temples"; Yiling is SHAOHAO mausoleum in Shouqiu, thebirthplace of Yellow Emperor; Sanshan; and Jiuxian mountain (also known asJiushan), the birthplace of Confucius. The second forest is: mengmulin, the bestmother to educate children in the world, lianggonglin, the burial place ofConfucius parents; "Yisi" is the place where Li Bai and Du Fu wrote poems,answered correctly and parted. The famous scholar Kong Shangren lived inseclusion in Shimen temple, the national garden.

Now lets look at the Confucius Temple.

Confucius Temple, also known as Zhisheng temple, is a place for offeringsacrifices to Confucius and his wife Qi Guan and 72 sages. Together with theForbidden City in Beijing and Chengde summer resort in Hebei, Confucius Templeis known as Chinas three major ancient architectural complexes. Experts saidfour words to Confucius Temple: the oldest, the most grand, the most completepreservation, and the most prominent Oriental architectural features. Twoproblems can be seen from the Confucius Temple: one is the great contribution ofConfucius to China and even the oriental culture; the other is that China hascraftsmen in history.

Confucius Temple was built in 478 BC, the year after Confucius died. In theformer residence of Confucius, three temples were built to display Confuciusclothes, cars, books and so on. The Confucius Temple was expanded by emperors ofall dynasties, including 15 major repairs, 31 medium repairs and hundreds ofminor repairs, reaching the present scale. The Confucius Temple imitates theimperial palace. It is divided into three layout, nine courtyards. It has 466houses and 54 gates and pavilions. It runs through a central axis from east towest. There are nearly one thousand steles, covering an area of 327.5 mu, whichis two Li and 150 meters long. The Confucius Temple we see now is the scale ofthe Hongzhi period of the Ming Dynasty. After liberation, the state allocatedfunds for maintenance and protection for many times. The first batch of nationalkey cultural relic protection units announced by China were listed as worldcultural heritage in December 1994, and became cultural relic units protected bythe United Nations. Confucius Temple has been built for a long time, has a largescale, and is completely preserved, which is rare in the world.

Shinto. "Wanren palace wall" before the ancient cypress vigorous thissection of the road is "Shinto". In front of important temples, there is aspecial way of respecting and understanding, which is called "Shinto".

Wanren palace wall. This gate is the South Gate of Ming City in Qufu, andit is also the first gate of Confucius Temple. It is hung with the fourcharacters of "Wanren palace wall", which was written by Emperor Qianlong ofQing Dynasty. It comes from Zi Gong, the proud disciple of Confucius. At themeeting of the state of Lu, it was proposed that Zigongs knowledge was broadand profound, which could be compared with Confucius. Zigong stood upimmediately and said, I dare not compare with my teacher Confucius. Humanknowledge is like a wall. My wall is only one Ren high, and my teachers wall isseveral Ren high. That is to say, my knowledge is equal to a shoulder high,clear at a glance, nothing profound; Confucius knowledge is several times asmuch as mine, after detailed research, comprehensive discussion, we canunderstand all of him, after entering the door, we can see the beauty of thetemple, you cant see it outside the door. In order to describe Confuciusprofound knowledge, later generations changed from the masters wall to "hundredRen" and "thousand Ren" to the emperor of Ming Dynasty who granted Confucius thetitle of "civil servant in the world, imperial teacher of all dynasties", andpraised Confucius knowledge as "ten thousand Ren". Looking up, we cant see thetop. It also said that the wall was very solid. These four words were originallywritten by the imperial envoy of Ming Dynasty. In order to show that he attachedgreat importance to Confucius, Qianlong replaced his imperial pen with hispersonal letter "Wanren palace wall".

Jin Sheng Yu Zhen Fang. This workshop was built in Ming Dynasty to expressConfucius exquisite and perfect knowledge, just like the whole process ofplaying music, which is complete from beginning to end. Ancient music beginswith the ringing of a bell, which starts with the sound of "the beginning oforder" and ends with the striking of a chime. The sound of "jade vibration" isthe sound of the falling of the chime, which is called "the end of order".Praising Confucius knowledge is a great achievement of the sages and sages, soit is called "the sound of gold and the sound of jade vibration". The sound of"golden sound" is the sound of the bell, which starts with the sound of "jadevibration" and ends with the sound of the chime. This is also the source of theidiom "start and finish". "Jin Sheng Yu Zhen" was written by Hu zuanzong, agreat calligrapher in Ming Dynasty.

"Two cypresses bear one hole". There is an ancient cypress in the East andwest of the single hole stone arch bridge passing yuzhenfang, so it is called"two cypresses bear one hole". This bridge is called "Panshui bridge", which isconnected with the water in the pan pool beside the palace, so it is called "panwater". In the past, when I read the book of Confucius and Mencius, I wasadmitted to higher education, which is called "entering hope". Officials hope tobe promoted, do business, hope to get rich, and live a prosperous life.

Dismount monument. Outside the temple wall, there are two stone tablets,the Xiama tablet and Xiajiao tablet, which were set up in 1191 ad. The stele inthe West had been destroyed, and the stele in the East said, "officials andpeople wait to get off here.". In the past, civil and military officials andcommon people passed by, dismounted and walked on foot to show respect forConfucius and Confucius Temple.

Lattice star gate. It was built in the Ming Dynasty and rebuilt in 1754 ad.it was made of wood instead of iron and stone. "Lingxingmen" was written byEmperor Qianlong. It is said that there are twenty-eight constellations in thesky. Among them, there is a star in charge of culture called "Lingxing", alsoknown as "Wenqu star" and "tianzhenxing". It connects Confucius with the star incharge of culture in the sky and says that he is the highest in culture. Forexample, in the past, when worshiping heaven, we should first worship "Wenqustar". There is a saying that respecting Confucius is like respectingheaven.

Taihe Yuanqi square. This workshop was built in 1544 A.D. in the MingDynasty. It highly praises Confuciuss idea that "the space universe can nurtureall things.". "The harmony of heaven and earth, the harmony of the four sides,the harmony of yin and Yang" is the most basic thing, the harmony of theuniverse and the vitality of the human world. "Taihe Yuanqi" is written by ZengMian, governor of Shandong Province.

The most holy temple. The "Zhisheng Temple Square" built in the MingDynasty is made of white marble, decorated with flame jewels.

The world of moral Mou, the road crown ancient and modern. The East andwest of the Taoist temple are lined with a very strange memorial archway.Surrounded by wooden corner edges, there are a thousand heads and ten thousandcontinuations. There are eight monsters under it, which are called "Heavendragon and God lion". It is said that it is dignified and inspired, which candrive away evil and uphold justice. In the eastern memorial archway, it waswritten: "demou heaven and earth", saying that the benefits of Confucius ideasto human beings are as high as heaven and earth, and the merits and virtues canbe compared with heaven and earth. The memorial archway in the West reads"Daoguan ancient and modern", praising Confucius thoughts and methods, whichare the highest in the world.

Holy time gate. The three gates are parallel, the four platforms are thesame as above, and the central Panlong. The name of this gate comes fromMencius. For the four ancient sages, Boyi, Yiyin, liuxiahui and Confucius,Mencius summed up the Four Saints holy deeds into four sentences: Boyi is thesage of the Qing Dynasty, Yiyin is the sage of the appointed, liuxiahui is thesage of the sum, and Confucius is the sage of the time. "Shengshi" highlypraises Confucius thought, advocates enduring, and is a sage suitable for thetimes. When the emperor came to Qufu to court Confucius, he had to kneel downthree times and knock nine times, and walk through the gate of holy time. WhenYan Shenggong was born, he opened the gate of holy time. All go fast, the gateis high.

Lets have a quick look at the gate. That is to say, Confucius knowledgeof "Five Classics and four books" means that those who learn first have culturefirst, and those who learn first have knowledge first. They compete to learn,and it is a pleasure to see first and read first.

Look up at the door. It was named after Yan Huis praise of Confucius. YanHui said that the teachers way is to raise the top and drill the bottom. PraiseConfucius for his lack of knowledge, which is called "Mi Gao". It is difficultto understand classical Chinese, which is called "Mi Jian". Gao is notunattainable, but can be learned through hard work. Yan Hui said, "the masterfollowed the rules and was good at attracting people. He learned from me inwriting and said that I was polite." My teacher is good at persuasion, teachingme culture and courtesy.

Han stone man. In the pavilion of yanggaomenli, there are two Han stonepeople with high historical value. One is the "Pavilion leader" (a localofficial of Han Dynasty), and the other is the pawn of the palace gate. They areall guards in front of the tomb of the king of Lu. The stone man is valued bythe ancient scholars of epigraphy, which is of great value to the study of HanDynasty clothing and writing.

Jinshui bridge, this bridge, with the same name as the bridge in front ofthe Forbidden City, is also called Jinshui bridge, also known as Bishui bridge,with three holes arranged in a row and green water rippling.

Hongdaomen. Crossing jinshuiqiao is the "hongdaomen" appointed by theemperor of Ming Dynasty, which means "people can promote Taoism, not Taoism" inthe Analects of Confucius. Confucius is an ordinary literati, why become asaint? Praise Confucius summed up the experience of sages, especially carryforward the Yao, Shun, Yu Tang, civil and military Zhou Gongs way. "To say thatpeople can command and create everything is to praise peoples subjectiveinitiative." There are two stone tablets under the Hongdao gate. The four edgedstone tablet in the East is the "history of Qufu", which records the history ofQufus evolution. It was established in the Yuan Dynasty and has high historicalvalue. In the west is the "epitaph of Mr. Chushi", which has high calligraphyvalue.

Big middle gate. Dazhongmen is the gate of Confucius Temple in SongDynasty. It is called "Zhonghe gate", which means that problems can be solvedeasily with Confucius thoughts. In the Ming Dynasty, the temple was renamed as"the great gate of the middle", praising Confucius knowledge as a collection ofhuman knowledge. In the middle, it means "the right way of the world in themiddle, the theorem of the world in the middle". Those who leave the middle arenot the right way, but the evil way. That is to say, no left, no right, fair andjust, forward is the mean. There are two turrets at the East and West ends ofDazhong gate, which are used to guard the Confucius Temple.

Tongwenmen, four famous brands, Confucian temple. There are four monumentsin the middle gate. The tablet of Hongzhi in the west of the Ming Dynasty talksabout the ethics of the cardinal principles. On the right side of the Hongzhimonument is the "Confucian temple map" drawn by Li Dongyang, a talented man ofthe Ming Dynasty in Changsha, Hunan Province, which is of high value.

Chenghua stele was erected by Zhu Jianshen, the emperor of Chenghua in MingDynasty. There are two situations that have attracted the attention ofcelebrities of all ages. First, Chenghua tablets regular script is wellwritten, standardized, exquisite and attractive; The second is the highestevaluation of Confucius. Emperors of all dynasties have commented on Confucius.The highest evaluation is emperor Chenghua. He compares Confucius ideas andmethods to eating, dressing and spending money. One day is inseparable fromthem. With Confucius principles and methods, one can make the best use of onestalents, materials and land. Otherwise, it will be a mess. It is said that ifthere is Confucius way, there will be a world. If there is no Confucius way,there will be no world. If there is anti Confucius way, there will be no world.Such as the inscription said: "I only have Confuciuss way, the world can not bewithout Yan, there is Confuciuss way, then the principle of justice and ethics,everything has its own place..., Confuciuss way in the world, such as cloth SuShu, peoples livelihood daily use can not be short of,... Born Confuciusvertical for the holy, lifes safety, benevolence and righteousness in theright, the rise of the teachers way, from travel 3000, to the holy is thenext."

Tongwenmen. The meaning of the word "human heart" is the same as that ofthe text. That is to say, only with concerted efforts and unity can we do a goodjob; the writing should be unified, only with unified writing can we record theexperience of historical communication, and random writing will lead toconfusion. Tongwen gate is an important barrier in front of Kuiwen Pavilion.

Kuiwen Pavilion, originally a library, is a place for collecting booksgranted by the emperor. It was built in the second year of emperor Tianxi ofSong Dynasty (A.D. 1018), and was changed into "kuiwenge" when Jin Zhangzongrebuilt it. This unique and majestic building is entirely of wood structure,which is an isolated example in the construction of China building. Afterseveral earthquakes, kuiwenge was not destroyed. In the earthquake of Kangxi 5years in Qing Dynasty, "nine out of ten houses fell, one out of ten remained,and kuiwenge remained motionless.". Li Dongyang, the Minister of the Ministry ofofficial in Ming Dynasty, wrote "kuiwenge Fu", praising the architecturalresearch value of kuiwenge. Its the stele at the east end of the corridor.

In front of the pavilion, the eastern and Western courtyards are called"zhaisu", which is a place for worshippers to fast and bathe. Dongyuan is theresidence of Yan Shenggong, where Kangxi and Qianlong spent their time to wash.The West courtyard is the shelter of the sacrificial staff. Kong zhaoxun, theseventy-one generation grandson of Confucius, inlaid more than 130 steles in thetemple for worshiping Confucius in the song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties onthe wall of the courtyard, so xizhaisu is also known as the stele courtyard.

Thirteen stele pavilions. This is the sixth courtyard of the ConfuciusTemple. There are 55 steles in the pavilion, which were erected in Tang, song,Jin, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. The contents of the steles are the emperors,Imperial Envoys worship of Confucius, the posthumous title and evaluation ofConfucius. The records of the previous construction of the Confucius Temple arewritten in Han, Manchu, Mongolian and basiba languages. Eight in the South andfive in the north, so it is called thirteen stele pavilions. Because they areall steles approved by the emperor, they are also called imperial stelepavilions. The third and sixth pavilions in the front row from the East werebuilt in the Jin Dynasty and are rare buildings in China. All the steles arecalled "imperial steles". "Mian" is the mascot. It is said that the Dragon Kinghas nine sons, and it is the eighth son. It loves "Wen" and is good at carryingheavy loads. The stone tablet has heavy characters, which is suitable for itscharacteristics. The image should be the dragon head, turtle body, Eagle leg andsnake tail.

From the east to the north, the third Pavilion is a monument erected byEmperor Kangxi. Beijing Xishan stone by the Grand Canal, economic South andtransported here. Experts calculate that the monument weighs 130000 Jin. It wassplashed with water and frozen along the way from Jining. Sometimes it came overon the ice and only went to the land of lying cattle one day. Qufu originallyhad good stones, which should be transported from Beijing to show the emperorsattention to Confucius. There are two steles in the southeast and southwest ofthe courtyard, all of which are the records of the princes and ministers whobuilt temples and worshipped Confucius. The calligraphy value is very high.

There is one gate in the East and one in the west, Yucui gate in the Eastand Guande gate in the West. Commonly known as Donghuamen, xihuamen.

From here, the Confucius Temple is divided into three routes. The fivegates are Dacheng gate, Jinsheng gate on the left, Yuzhen gate on the right,Qisheng gate on the West and Chengsheng gate on the East. The architecturalstructure of dachengmen is "intertwined, intriguing". The center is inserted as"hook center", and the top of the left and right four corners is "bucket angle".The three characters of dachengmen were written by Emperor Yongzheng. PraiseConfucius is a collection of sages and sages, reached the supreme realm.

The first teacher planted juniper by hand. The tall and vigorous cypresstree on the left of Dacheng gate was planted by Confucius. According to records:Confucius cut three cypress trees here. In the second year of Jin Zhenyou (A.D.1214), they were destroyed by fire. The trees withered and sprouted newbranches. There were "three withers and three glories", and there was a sayingthat "cypress trees were flourishing every day.". During the Wanli period of theMing Dynasty, Yang Guangxun, a gifted scholar, wrote five characters: "the firstteacher planted cypress by hand.".

Two long corridors. On both sides of the two equal rows of houses, a totalof 80, known as the "East and West veranda", is dedicated to 72 sages. Confuciusis known as a disciple of three thousand, 72 people who are proficient in sixarts, literature and martial arts, worshipped in the East and West. All theemperors of the past dynasties were entitled to the sages. Such as DongZhongshu, Han Yu, Wang Mingyang, Zhuge Liang, Kou Zhun, Yue Fei and so on. Bythe time of the Republic of China, there were 156. The last sage is Mr. LiangQichao. The original statues and tablets were changed to wooden tablets.Dongxiwu now displays a collection of Zhonggui stone carvings before the SongDynasty. The most precious national treasures of Zhou gongxunzi and batpracticing medicine are 22 stone inscriptions of Han and Wei dynasties. The"ritual stele", "Yiying stele", "Shichen stele", "Zhang Menglong stele" and "MiFu stele" with extremely high calligraphy value are rare treasures. There aremore than 100 pieces of "Han Dynasty stone carvings" on display in Xiwu. Theyare all well-known art treasures and precious materials for the study of Han,Wei and other historical and social life. There are 584 stone inscriptions ondisplay at the north end of the East veranda, which are the yuhonglou sutraswritten by Kong Jisu, the 69 generation grandson of Confucius.

Apricot altar. It was built in memory of Confucius lecture. Confucius wasteaching to his disciples on the platform under the big apricot tree. In 1018A.D. of Song Dynasty, Confucius had 45 generations

各位游客：

你们好，欢迎你们来到张家界旅游，我是你们的导游_。

百龙天梯公司于1999年4月成立，位于世界自然遗产张家界武陵源风景名胜区内，由北京百龙绿色科技企业总公司、英国佛洛伊德有限公司合资兴建。百龙天梯于1999年9月动工，20_年4月竣工并投入试营运，电梯主要设备由德国Rangger(朗格尔)国际电梯公司研究生产，耗资1.8亿元。百龙天梯气势恢弘，垂直高差335米，运行高度326米，由154米的山体内竖井和l72米的贴山钢结构井架组成，采用三台双层全暴露观光并列分体运行。

目前以“世界上最高的全暴露户外观光电梯、世界上最高的双层观光电梯、世界上载重量最大、速度最快的观光电梯”三项桂冠独步世界而被载入基尼斯世界纪录，是自然美景和人造奇观的完美结合。百龙天梯的建成实现“山上游，山下住”的目标，将袁家界、金鞭溪、天下第一桥、迷魂台等绝世美景从幕后推向了前台，解决了多年困扰景区的交通瓶颈问题，实践证明建设百龙天梯是非常重要的。

20_年，百龙天梯进行扩容升级，单程运力每小时增加400人左右，速度由3米/秒提高到5米/秒。

20_年，百龙天梯再次进行升级改造，运力由单梯50人提升至64人，速度由1分58秒缩短至1分32秒。

百龙天梯开通至今，安全运达游客近3000万，是迄今为止景区内唯一一部零事故的交通工具。

百龙天梯给游人提供了交通便利，对景区内的宾馆、居民等接待设施的大撤迁起到了极大的促进作用，并对环境进行了最大、最有效的保护。袁家界，是武陵源世界自然遗产的另一风景集中地。以前，游客要去，必须走三个多小时的艰险山路，如果从山下水绕四门乘车至山上袁家界，奇曲的盘山公路非常险恶，行程要170多公里，费时达五个小时以上。自从百龙天梯建成以后，这个时间被缩短为1分32秒，这不能不说是一个奇迹。国内保护世界自然遗产的专家对百龙进行环境评估得出结论是：保留百龙电梯利大于弊。

各位游客：

你们好，欢迎你们来到海口旅游，我是你们的导游__。

五公祠位于海南省海口市，为一组古建筑群的统称，它由观稼堂、学圃堂、东斋组成，并和苏公祠、两伏波祠及其拜亭、洞酌亭、粟泉亭、洗心轩、游仙洞先进连成一片，形成一组文物古迹群，人们习惯上统称为五公祠。各个古迹既有自己的独特风貌，又形成一个协调的整体，蔚为"瀛海人文"之壮观。这里，树木蓊郁，流水潺潺，环境清雅，饶有幽趣，好一派得天独厚的自然景观。建筑面积2800余平方米，连同园林、井泉、池塘约占地100亩。始建于明万历年间，清光绪十五年(1889年)重修，后又多次修缮，现仍是熠熠生辉。

五公祠占地面积66000平方米，建筑面积6800平方米，自北宋大文豪苏东坡于绍圣四年(1097)被贬来琼，借寓金粟庵(今五公祠内)留存遗迹以来，宋、元、明、清及民国历朝不断在其周围增建、重修古迹，习惯上把这组古迹群称之为“五公祠”。它包括：海南第一楼(又称五公祠)、学圃堂、观稼堂、西斋(五公精舍)、东斋、苏公祠、两伏波祠、洞酌亭，浮粟泉、琼园和新建的五公祠陈列馆。

五公祠近千年的历史，孕育着丰富的文化内涵，蕴藏着深厚的历史底蕴，它是全面了解海南历史、政治、文化发展的名胜古迹。

原名为观稼亭。椐《琼山县志》记载：观稼亭建于明万历四十三年(1615)，是一座六角飞檐大亭，它为纪念苏东坡指凿双泉，造福桑梓乡里的丰功伟绩而建。“观稼”两字，寓意为：观浮粟泉水旺盛，灌溉金穗千亩之意。该亭在明末清初时被毁，康熙四十三年(1704)琼州知府贾堂深感观稼亭对教化当地百姓黎民、思忆先贤丰功伟业有远深意义，便在旧址重建。道光十四年(1834)又经扩建，形成为当时海南最大的亭榭。据清人张育春撰写的《重修观稼亭记》记载：观稼“亭前为平坂，旁浥清泉，有溪流一道，自东环流而西，两旁绮丽交错，阡陌纵横，士大夫游息于此，比之裴中立绿野堂，洵城北一名胜”。