英文分手信带翻译【实用20篇】

国际专利许可合同(附英文)

9.3.如果乙方提供的技术资料不符合第六条规定，乙方必须在收到甲方书面通知后30天内免费将所缺的技术资料，或清晰、正确的资料寄给甲方。

9.4.如乙方的技术资料不能按本合同附件二规定的时间交付，乙方则须按下列比例支付罚款给甲方:

(1)迟交1至4周，罚款为合同总价的x%;

(2)迟交5至8周，罚款为合同总价的x％；

(3)迟交超过8周，罚款为合同总价的x%;

9.5.乙方按本条规定被罚款时，并不解除其继续交付技术资料的义务。

9.6.如果动方迟交技术资料6个月以上，甲方有权终止合同。乙方须将甲方已给交付的全部金额，并加年利x％的利息，一并退还甲方。

9.7.由于乙方责任，验收不合格，造成甲方有能正常投产而终止合同时，乙方应退还甲方已经支付给乙方的全部金额，并加年利x％的利息。

9.8.如因乙原因，产品部分性能指标没能达到合同产品的规定时，机具体情况，乙方须按合同总价x％予以赔偿，但是，若因甲方原因产品没能达到性能指标时，甲方应按合同规定支付金部金额。

第十条 保密

10.1.乙方根据本协议所提供的一切图纸、设计、说明书及其他技术资料，甲方均须严格保密;未得到乙方的书面同意，不得以任何方式出售、转让或泄露给任何人，但不包括甲方为生产合同而使用技术资料的雇员。但是，甲方可以向分包合同人提供生产合同产品部件所必须的技术资料，分包人须书面保证对其所得到产技术资料承担严格的保密义务。

10.2.若上述技术资料由乙方或任何第三方部分或全部公开，则甲方对已公开的技术不再承担保密义务。

10.3.本合同终止后，甲方有权使用乙方所提供的专利，即甲方可以继续设计、制造、使用、销售和出口合同产品。

第十一条 侵权

11.1.乙方保证，它是依本合同条款转让给甲方的专利权的合法所有人，在法律上享有向甲方转让专利权的权利。若发生侵犯任何第三者权利的事件，则乙方应对侵权事件负责，并承担由此而产生的全部法律和经济责任。

11.2.本合同附件一列明乙方关于合同产品的专利和专利申清。合同生效后一个月内，乙方将向甲方提供2份专利证书和专利申请的影印本。

第十二条 税费

12.1.凡因履行本合同而发生在甲方国家以外的一切税费，均由乙方负担。

12.2.乙方因履行本合同而在中国境内获得的收入，必须按中国税法纳税。

第十三条 不可抗力

13.1.签约的任何一方，由于战争、严重水灾、火灾、台风、地震以及双方同意的其他不可抗力事故而无法按期执行合同时，则可延长合同的期限，延长期相当于事故所影响的时间。

13.2.受影响的一方应尽快将发生不可抗力事故的情况以电传或电报通知对方，并于此天内以航空挂号邮件将有关当局出具的证明文件提交另一方确认。

13.3如不可抗力事故延续到120天以上，双方应通过友好协商尽快解决合同继续执行的问题。

第十四条 仲裁

14.1.因执行本合同所发生的或与本合同有的一切争议，双方应通过友好协商解决。如经协商仍达不成协议时，则应提交仲裁解决。

14.2.仲裁将在瑞典斯德哥尔摩进行，由斯德哥尔摩商会仲裁院根据该院的章程进行仲裁。

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创新英语大赛自我介绍演讲稿

面试求职中，一段好的英文自我介绍可以让你更好地展示你自己。下面第一范文网小编为你带来创新英语大赛自我介绍演讲稿的内容，希望你们喜欢。

关于创新英语大赛自我介绍演讲稿篇一

I am a third year master major in automation at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, P. R. China. With tremendous interest in Industrial Engineering, I am writing to apply for acceptance into your Ph.D. graduate program.

Education background

In 1995, I entered the Nanjing University of Science & Technology (NUST) -- widely considered one of the China’s best engineering schools. During the following undergraduate study, my academic records kept distinguished among the whole department. I was granted First Class Prize every semester,In 1999, I got the privilege to enter the graduate program waived of the admission test.

At the period of my graduate study, my overall GPA(3.77/4.0) ranked top 5% in the department. In the second semester, I became teacher assistant that is given to talented and matured students only. This year, I won the Acer Scholarship as the one and only candidate in my department, which is the ultimate accolade for distinguished students endowed by my university. Presently, I am preparing my graduation thesis and trying for the honor of Excellent Graduation Thesis.

Research experience and academic activity

When a sophomore, I joined the Association of AI Enthusiast and began to narrow down my interest for my future research. With the tool of OpenGL and Matlab, I designed a simulation program for transportation scheduling system. It is now widely used by different research groups in NUST. I assumed and fulfilled a sewage analysis & dispose project for Nanjing sewage treatment plant. This was my first practice to convert a laboratory idea to a commercial product.

In retrospect, I find myself standing on a solid basis in both theory and experience, which has prepared me for the Ph.D. program. My future research interests include: Network Scheduling Problem, Heuristic Algorithm research (especially in GA and Neural network), Supply chain network research, Hybrid system performance analysis with Petri nets and Data Mining.

关于创新英语大赛自我介绍演讲稿篇二

Good evening, ladies and gentlemen.

Before my speech, Id like to show my gratitude to the service and sacrifice of English Union. Thank you for offering me such a fabulous opportunity to exchange with other English lovers. My name is Yang Longbo, a boy majoring in Automation in Changan University. My favorite motto is “Follow your heart”. Former CEO of Apple Steve Jobs once said," If you live each day as if it were the last, youll certainly be right.", which made a deep impression on me. He has used his life to prove the truth of this saying. Realizing that our time is limited has helped him make considerable difficult choices in life. Because almost everything-all expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment and failure-will run away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important. Dont let your inner voice be overwhelmed by the noise of others opinions. What is most important is having the courage to follow your own heart and intuition. Somehow they already know what you truly want to become. Live everyday as if it were the last of your life and make your life better.

That is all. Thank you.

关于创新英语大赛自我介绍演讲稿篇三

Hello,everybody .My name is .I am studying in Grade one in a junior middle school. Today , I’ll talk about a lovely toy! She is a little cat and she always wears a pretty small butterfly bow.

Oh,you’ve got it! She is Hello Kitty----my favourite toy!

I like Hello kitty very much. She always wears a smile on her face and looks happy. You can always see her photos on watches, notebooks, bags and many other different things. After more than 30 years’ growth,Hello kitty has become the most popular toy cat in the world.

So,why do people like Hello kitty so much? Do you know why?

I think it’s because of her healthy appearance and sweet smile. People will feel relax and happy when they see her.

What’s more,Hello Kitty stands for bravery,honesty, kindness and most importantly... friendship

Her favourite thing is to play outdoors and her hobbies include music, reading,eating, and best of all making new friends. Just like she says "You can never have too many friends."

Hello kitty’s lovely face always makes us feel warm and happy. And from Hello Kitty,I learn to understand the importance of friendship and I decide to share happiness with my friends ,be kind and helpful to every people ,and become a girl that everyone loves!

Well,this is Hello Kitty---my favourite toy.I believe after my speech, more and more people will like her ,right?

That’s all,thanks for listening!

国际专利许可合同(附英文)

inspection of the contracted products， so that party a can use the technical documents

and know-how supplied by party b toproducethe same products in the contract factory.

party b shall do its best to arrange for party a’s personnel to visit the majorusers

and the manufacturing process of the components from other countries of the contracted

products.

5.2.2 party a shall send twice its technical personnel to party b’s factory for

training， andthe total number of the participants shall not exceed 320 days/man

(excluding the inter-preter).

5.2.3 the first training shall be from the third to the fourth month after the

contract comes into effect. there shall be 4 technical persons and an interpreterto be

sent to party b for training for 16o working days/man (5 days week). the training shall

cover the design of the contracted products and manufacturing technology.

5.2.4 the second training shall be from the eighth to the nineth month. party a shall

sent 4 technical persons and an interpreter to party b’s factory for training for 160

working days/man  (5 days per week). the training shall cover the designing， the

manufacturing technology，erection and adjustment of the contracted products.

5.2.5 party a shall bear the travelling expenses of its trainees; party b shall

provide party a’s trainees free of charge with boarding， lodging and means of

conveyance for travel- ling between the lodging place and the factory.

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I am very pleased to write this recommendation for Mr. W.Y. so as to support his application for admission into your PhD program and for your consideration of his financial support.

Mr. W.Y. is a remarkable student in academic performance in our department. Upon his request, I enrolled him into my research team as my R.A. when he was still a junior, which was an exception. This bold decision was justified by his outstanding academic record during his first two years’ study. Working as my R.A., he has proved him to be a valuable potential researcher with the qualities of self-motivation, perseverance, modest and thirst for new information and technology. Though lacking of experience at the beginning compared with the other professionals in our team, he strove to keep up with the research by eagerly absorbing all necessary knowledge and constantly consulting other members with much modest. Therefore, not long after he could conduct the experiments without any assistance from the others working in the lab. He even led the discussion of our journal club that he set up from the very beginning in my lab, from which all of us benefited a lot. ↗↗↗His diligence and perseverance in our lab have paid off. Within less than one year, he got involved and finished three of my research projects:

And he also took part in two published papers, one titled , the other . This type of acclaim is normally reserved for graduate students and I believe that this exemplifies his commitment to furthering his education.

Besides merits for scientific research, Mr. W.Y. also has a wonderful personality. All of us around enjoy the acquaintance and friendship from him. No matter as a teammate or a team leader, he is always cooperative, considerate and eager to provide help, making us feel so comfortable and confident to be along with him, either for work or just for personal companion.

This young man’s professional qualities and personal character have convinced me that he will have no trouble in succeeding in any career that he chooses to pursue, given the opportunity to have a try.

In short, I am confident to assert that Mr. W.Y. has the potential to distinguish himself as a successful researcher, and that this potential will be sure to be fully caressed and exploited if he can be accepted for further pursuit in this field in your institution. I shall greatly appreciate it if you will consider his application in light of this potential.

Yours Sincerely,

Dear Tom,

I am afraid that I cannot pick you up at the airport tonight, and I’m really sorry for not doing as what I promised. I know there is no excuse for my fault, but I hope that after I tell you the reason, you can forgive me once.

The new boss of my company urgently called all of the staffs together to have a meeting tonight, no one can ask for leaving. So I cannot get out of our company at the time when you arrive in our city.

To make you smoothly get back to your hotel, I rent a taxi to pick you up, so please just wait for the call from the taxi driver, and we will meet each other tomorrow morning.

Sincerely yours,

Mary

At the request of Mr. Xizhen Chen, my former student in the Department of Computer Science, Beijing Univ. of Sciences, I am glad to write this letter furnishing my evaluation ofhis academic aptitude for your reference. Mr. Chen is interested in your graduate program in Computer Science.I came to know him in September 1987 when Mr. Chen enrolled in my class on FORTRAN IV Programming, a three semesters’ course.In the class he was one of the most outstanding students. At the semester final he earned a high grade of 81, which should be "A" according to our grading system. I also ound him good at other studies.After the class, he had personal talks with me several times. He indicated a great interest in computer hardware,

In my opinion, Mr. Chen has a potential in Computer Science, which can be further developed.In view of his previous achievements in this College, I am firmly convinced that Mr. Chen will make a successful graduate student. Your favorable consideration of his admission will be highly appreciated.

Dear Richard,

After careful consideration and soul-searching, I have decided resign my position as internal auditor at ICC company. I assure you it was not an easy - decision to make.

Perhaps you have heard me mention on occasion that I would like to run my own accounting business. Ever since I graduated from #### university, this has been my long-range goal. I am thinking of applying to a graduate business school to earn an MBA in accounting and eventually to sit for the CPA exam. I suggested an effective date of January 30. if , however , you would like more time to find a replacement, I am writing to extend that by two weeks . on the other hand,of you feel that an earlier department would be more convenient to you, I will certainly understand.

I cherish the experience I have received at ICC company . I’m confident that it will be very usual to me in my future career.

Sincerely yours

TONY

甲方：_________

乙方：________ 地址：__________

地址：_________ 甲乙双方本着友好协商、共同发展的原则签订本翻译服务合同，其条款如下：

一、甲方委托乙方为其提供翻译服务，及时向乙方提交清晰、易于辨认的待译资料，提出明确要求，并对乙方的翻译质量进行监督。

二、乙方按时完成翻译任务（如发生不可抗力的因素除外），向甲方提供已翻译好的打印件及电子文件各一份。具体交稿日期由双方商定。对于加急稿件，交稿期限由双方临时商议。

三、乙方对甲方提供的任何资料必须严格保密，不得透露给第三方。

四、翻译工作量统计：电子译稿：按电脑统计的中文版字符数计算（中文版d中“不计空格的字符数”）；打印译稿：按中文原稿行数215;列数统计计算（行215;列）。

五、乙方按优惠价格向甲方收取翻译费用：英为_________元千字符（_________字以上）。

六、乙方可以在翻译开始前为甲方预估翻译费，甲方付款时则按实际发生的工作量支付给乙方翻译费用（工作量统计方法见本合同第四条）。

七、乙方承诺，交稿后，对翻译稿进行必要修改，不另行收取费用。

八、付款方式：甲方在收到乙方译稿的当日按实际费用先支付乙方翻译总费用的50％，余款应在交稿后的____日内付清，如第____日余款还未付清，则甲方每延误一天需要向乙方交纳翻译总费用_________‰的滞纳金。

九、乙方应当保证译文的翻译质量和翻译服务达到行业公允的水平，如对译文的翻译水平发生争议，应由双方共同认可的第三方评判，或者直接申请仲裁。

十、本合同一式两份，双方各执一份，经甲乙双方签章后生效。

甲方（盖章）：_________

乙方（盖章）：_________ 代表（签字）：_________

代表（签字）：_________ 签订地点：_____________

签订地点：_____________ ________年____月____日

________年____月____日

Good morning !

It is really my honor to have this opportunity for an interview, I hope I can make a good performance today. Im confident that I can succeed.

Now I will introduce myself briefly.I am 26 years old,born in shandong province . (General Introduction)

I was graduated from Qingdao university. my major is electronic.and I got my bachelor degree after my graduation in the year of 20xx. During university, I spent most of my time on study so that I have passed CET4/6 . and acquired basic knowledge of my major.(Education background)

In July 20xx, I began work for a small private company as a technical support engineer in QingDao.Because Im capable of more responsibilities, so I decided to change my job. And in August 20xx,I left QingDao to BeiJing and worked for a foreign enterprise as an automation software test engineer.Because I want to change my working environment, Id like to find a job which is more challenging. Moreover Motorola is a global company, so I feel I can gain the most from working in this kind of company ennvironment. That is the reason why I come here to compete for this position. (Research experience and academic activity)

I think Im a good team player and Im a person of great honesty to others. Also I am able to work under great pressure.

That’s all. Thank you for giving me the chance.

Dedication and highly motivated, work and study seriously humble attitude, their work can be easy to use, can fully appreciate the importance of teamwork, to have a unique design ideas and methods, there is meticulous work, has a strong plasticity. We hope to long-term stability in the unit through a period of learning, to become familiar with the process of the project, good performance of the program and the final implementation of the project and is responsible for the whole process, to become a real industry in senior staff.

1, political and ideological aspects

Adhere to the study of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong (reproduced in: measuring professional work self-identification) East thought, practice "Three Represents", establish a scientific concept of development. Always strict demands on themselves, based on their own, assiduously business technology, and strive to do a good job. Listen to a variety of superior field, throughout the county to carry out measurement work, regardless of the working environment, can be consistent, perseverance to do their own work. Work hard, active, practical style, diligent in thinking, efficiency, and always maintain a strong sense of dedication and dedication, and actively contribute to the development of measurement work ideas, dedicated their meager strength.

Second, professional and technical work

Since I joined the work, I have worked hard to learn engineering knowledge and improve my job skills in order to meet the needs of my work. Through my own efforts and with the help of my colleagues and leaders, I have been able to work effectively and efficiently. Since taking office, I actively undertake the work of engineering surveying tasks, can be done conscientiously, the successful completion of the tasks assigned by the organization, never for their own private affairs affect the normal work, and actively participate in the organization of the activities. The following are the major tasks that have been completed since my appointment:

1, according to the county party committee and government requirements to complete the county key town topographic map measurement and county control planning topographic mapping measurement; 2, since 20xx to complete the county 21 townships new community, farmer settlement survey work;

3, the synergy to complete the county key projects and investment projects related to measurement work;

4, completed the industrial park and the backup industrial park topography measurement 18 square kilometers;

5, the completion of the municipal government issued a special standardization of the topographic maps, map measurement work;

6, to complete the county key road Avenue, Avenue, Road, Avenue vertical and horizontal cross-section measurement, strip chart measurement;

7, coordinated the completion of the county control network encryption and cors station construction;

8, to complete the footwear industrial park, Sands commercial center, building materials market and other urban and rural integration projects to promote the work of measurement. In order to better adapt to the measurement work, and strive to do their own work at the same time. I attach great importance to continuing education and learning, and actively participate in various departments of the organization of laws, regulations and professional and technical training.

Third, the existing problems

Measurement and management related to the ability and level to be improved, not enough innovation. In future work, I will be more hard to learn, use the knowledge to strive to enhance the level of operational capacity, and constantly improve the working methods, improve the work.

For efficiency, down-to-earth, hard working, hard work, to become an excellent measurement of professional and technical personnel.

在说所有的话之前，我先要声明一下，接下来要说的话只是我个人对英文翻译的一些想法，难免有不正确之处，希望大家多多包涵。

就推理小说的阅读来说，我个人是偏向日系推理的，但是不懂日文，只能翻译英文小说，有点囧。我自己平常是不太爱看从英文翻译过来的小说的，很大一部分原因就是很难碰见翻译得好的作品。而且有一个很奇怪的现象：越是专业的翻译，翻译出来的作品语言西化现象就越严重。特别是社会科学的翻译作品，很多时候根本是读不下去，因为里面除了汉字是中文之外，语法和句式已经西化得相当厉害了。英文翻译的一些问题，接下来的叙述中我会竭尽所能地列举一下，也希望大家一起参与讨论。

英文翻译中最大的问题，莫过于不加修改的直译，这种翻译大概只比google或者金山快译好一点，句式和语法完全是英式的。这种翻译多出在社会科学的专业学术著作中，基本上意思还是看得懂，但是读起来味道怪怪的，而且一眼看出来是翻译文章。而好一点的译文，句式和语法也换成了汉语语法，但是不符合汉语的用于习惯。当然，习惯是比规则更难把握的东西，我个人认为在英文翻译中有几点汉语习惯是一定要注意的。如下：

1.长句尽量改短，语序调整为汉语习惯

英文中很容易就出现从句套从句的长句，这些句子读起来本身就很难理解了，如果翻译的时候还是不加改动，那读者读起来就更难理解。我在这儿举个例子吧，就拿我自己翻译的《钉子与镇魂歌》的开头部分：Theepisodeofthenailandtherequiemwasoneofthemostcharacteristicofallthoseinwhich,overarelativelybriefperiod,IwasprivilegedtowatchTrevisTarrantatwork.刚开始读到这句话的时候，我自己也愣了好半天，因为这句话完全不是汉语的习惯，如果不假思索地直接翻译，那就是：钉子与镇魂歌的事件是最有代表性的案件之一，在短暂的时间里，这段时间是我有幸观察塔南特工作的那段时间。当然要合并成一句话，也可以这么翻译：钉子与镇魂歌的事件是我有幸观察塔南特工作的那段时间里发生的最有代表性的案件之一。天啊，阅读起来太累了，但是这句话并没有语法问题!我想在翻译的时候要牢记一点：最后形成的是汉语，阅读我们译文的是中文读者。所以在这里必须要调整语序，而且长句要改短，最后我给的译文就是：在我有幸目睹塔南特破案的短暂时光里，钉子与镇魂歌的事件应该是最有代表性的案件之一。

2.定语改表语

英语中常常出现中心语前面出现两三个形容词的情况，这儿我举《绿色危机》第一章的例子：Ahuge,squareenvelope,coveredwithahuge,squarehandwriting.直译就是很大的方形的信封上面写着大气的方正的字体。看到一句话中有这么多“的”，是不是觉得很烦?虽然说现在“的地得”好像是可以混用了，但实际上“的”一般用于形容词，“得”一般用于动词后，“地”用于副词。我不主张混用，而且还有一点：不要滥用这三个字，这三个字已经将汉语过分稀释了，影响了汉语的美观。老祖宗的文章里基本上不用这三个字，近代的文章中这三个字的使用频率也不是很高，但是现在这三个字的确已经被滥用了。我个人还是希望在翻译的时候能够控制这三个字的使用频率，具体的操作方法就是把定语改成表语。汉语不习惯长句，也不习惯中心语前面加上一连串的定语，除非是作者要刻意造成这种效果。所以这句话我最后翻译成：信封很大，呈方形，上面的字迹方正而洒脱。如果中心语前面有超过一个带上“的”的定语，那种翻译我个人是不太读得下去的。

3.词语的多样性

这一点我也算是深有体会吧，因为我个人单词量不足，翻译的时候根本离不开金山词霸。相信很多朋友在翻译的时候免不了要查阅一些字典。但是不知道有没有人注意过这个问题：字典上提供的解释是没有办法覆盖汉语词汇的，也就是说，一个单词字典可能只提供了一个很普通的解释，使用的是最常见的汉语词汇。但是如果你就按照这个意思进行翻译，小说的魅力定会黯然不少。还是用2中的那句话，第二个huge是形容字写得比较大，但是如果就直接翻译成字写得很大，这个翻译只能算是普通翻译。我之所以没有这样翻译，一方面是因为前面的一个huge已经翻译成大了，一个大信封，这个翻译是很贴切的。接下来我不想再重复使用大这个字，所以我翻译成了字写得很洒脱，把大这个意思包含在洒脱里面。常常人们在讨论各位翻译的风格，我想这种词语的多样性就是翻译风格的最好体现。在翻译的时候，应当身临其境，设身处地地去感受小说的行文，这样才能更好地想到应该用什么样的汉语词汇来表达，而且在适当的时候，可以用一些典故和成语，译文定会亮色不少。这儿我也举一个例子吧，《绿色危机》导读中的一句话：Byitsnature,amilitaryhospitalisatheaterfordram专业英语翻译实习总结ndtragedy;oneisnotbroughtthereunlessthereisaseriousproblem.Thosewhoawaitfresharrivalsarepreparedonlyforbadnews.我翻译成：很自然地，这座战地医院成了悲剧上演的舞台。不幸的人各有各的不幸，期待着能够到这儿躲进桃源的人，最后都未能如愿以偿。这儿有王婆卖瓜之嫌，不过大家也就原谅我了吧。

4.人称代词的明确

在看英文小说的时候，我发现一个很奇怪的现象：在叙述中，人称代词用的特别多，称呼名字反而多用在对话中。想想在汉语中，平常的叙述中直呼名字的时候却占多数。在翻译《绿色危机》的时候，我很头疼的一个问题就是要花很大精力去寻找代词到底指代谁，很多时候必须要结合上下文反复推敲才能得到正确的答案，有时候还会弄错。如果翻译的时候仍然原封不动地保留这些代词，读者的阅读观感必定会受到影响。《恶意》中有句话：讲得通和合情合理是两回事，那我现在也可以说：能够读下去和流畅的阅读也是两回事。如果读者阅读的时候，反而要花大精力去明确人称代词的关系，那这本书的翻译无疑是失败的。这儿我就不举例了，相信大家都有所体会。

5.押韵和双关

如果说词语的多样性可以体现翻译的风格，那么如何处理押韵和双关，则能够全面体现翻译的功力。这两项是最难翻译的，有的根本就翻译不出来。比如我就碰到一个利用you的单数和复数进行双关，想了半天实在无法翻译，最后只能加个注释了事，真的很惭愧。押韵嘛，也碰到一个，原谅我在这儿又王婆卖瓜一次，这个押韵自觉还是翻译的比较好。《绿色危机》第二章中间有一段一名护士的自言自语：forceps,retractors,scissors,knives.ButWoodshasmarvellouslegs(伍兹是另外一名护士)!这儿一开始我还没有注意到，看第二遍的时候才发觉这儿是个押韵。想了很久，大致翻译成这个样子，移动了一些词语的顺序：牵开器、剪刀、钳子、刀子，但是伍兹的腿美得不成样子!算是马马虎虎翻译出这种押韵效果了。这儿我推荐大家看看杨绛翻译的《堂吉珂德》，其中的诗句翻译相当纯熟，而且做到了押韵，从中可以学到很多翻译的方法和用语习惯。

6.理解与适当的补充

总的来说，汉语比英语环保，翻译过来的汉语占据的存储空间一般都比英语小。但是有些时候英文只需几个单词，或者一个前缀，翻译成汉语却要解释半天，而且都不一定能有英语那种效果。这就要对原句进行适当的补充。又是举《绿色危机》中的例子：Sinceablowsytrollopoffiftycannotbee__pectedtocareforcompetitionfromane__quisite,self-possessedlittlecreatureoftwenty-two,thee__-widowwasnotsorrytoseehergo.这句话是说一个寡妇嫁给了故事中一名护士(弗雷德里卡)的父亲，然后后妈和继女相处不快，所以后妈巴不得继女去战地医院服务，眼不见为净。请注意最后的e__-，寡妇嫁给护士的父亲后，就不是寡妇了，但是作者使用这个前缀，明显有戏谑的味道在里面。翻译的时候要把这种味道体现出来。所以最后我花了一句话来解释：一个50岁面容粗糙的老女人，怎么可能竞争得过22岁的女孩，更何况还是一位高雅沉静的妙龄少女?所以弗雷德里卡离开家，这位寡妇高兴得很。对不起，这儿要更正一下，她现在已经不是寡妇了。如果仅仅翻译成前寡妇，我想在汉语中是体会不出这种效果的。

7.人名是否可以简化?

这个问题一直在困扰着我，因为外国人的名字有名有姓，有时指名，有时道姓。对中国读者来说，不啻是一项记忆力的考验。如果故事的主要人物有5个人，这就意味着我们要记住10个名字，不，因为有的名字还有昵称，所以可能更多，有时候常常在上一句看到这个人的名，下一句看到这个人的姓，然后就晕了。阅读的流畅感肯定受到极大影响。我本来想的是翻译的时候改一下，全用名或者全用姓，但是好像国家对这些姓名的用法也有规定，不能这么改，所以这个问题也一直困扰着我，希望大家能够指点我。

以上陆陆续续说了这么多，欢迎大家讨论，最后我再阐明一下自己的翻译观，说一下自己的翻译方法，希望能对想翻译的朋友提供一下帮助。

翻译的信达雅，我个人最看重雅。我的翻译观是：我不需要忠诚于单词，也不需要忠诚于句式，我要忠诚的只是语素，只是作者想要表达的信息。然后我再用汉语将意思表达完全，最后对译文进行润色加工，除了人名地名之外，我希望我的译文尽可能地贴近我们平常使用的优美汉语，不能让别人一眼就看出来是翻译文章，也不能让读者阅读的流畅感受到影响。如果是作者脑残，我不希望译文也像原文一样脑残，否则读者骂的肯定是译者而不是作者。英译汉的精髓在汉语，而不是英语。

接下来为了直观，我举例说明我自己的翻译方法。

克莱顿·劳森的短篇《奇迹尽在这一天》开头一段：

LieutenantDoranoftheHomicideSquadnearlycollidedhead-onwithTheGreatMerliniinthedoorwayofthelattersplaceofbusiness.Doranwasonhiswayin;theproprietoroftheMagicShop-slogan:NothingIsImpossible-wasonhiswayout."Where,"Doranasked,"Areyougoing?"

首先直译：刑侦队的检察官多兰和某人差点相撞——这个人是伟大的马里尼。相撞地点是门口，是马里尼做生意的商店的门口。当时多兰正准备进去，而魔术店——店上贴着标语：一切皆有可能——的店主正准备出去。“哪儿?”多兰问，“你准备去?”

这个译文真是太混乱了，现在要做的就是调整语序。注意到文中有一个信息：魔术店上贴有标语。这种描述性的文字在汉语中，应该放在最前面，而不是夹在中间，否则读起来很难受。所以调整语序后就是这样：

魔术专营店门上贴着一副标语，上面写着：一切皆有可能。店长马里尼正准备出去，在门口却差点撞上正准备进来的刑侦队检察官多兰。多兰问：“你准备去哪儿?”

这个翻译已经问题不大了，但是再看看，有没有不是很流畅的地方?多兰的问题是在什么时候问的?是在两个人正好相撞的时候吗?原文没有说，但是我觉得应当补充一下，结合上下文可以推断，多兰应当是有急事来找马里尼，所以应当是在两人都刚刚站住的时候，就迫不及待地发问了。而且汉语中问一个人问题，最开始应当先称呼一下这个人，这样也有助于读者加深对人名的记忆，保持阅读的流畅。所以最后我整理的译文就是：

魔术专营店门上贴着一副标语，上面写着：一切皆有可能。店长马里尼正准备出去，在门口却差点撞上正准备进来的刑侦队检察官多兰。两人刚刚站住，多兰就问：“马里尼，你准备去哪儿?”

另外再说一下标语的翻译，原文是双重否定，但是如果直译的话反而觉得很拗口。标语这种东西，就是要琅琅上口，所以我改成了肯定句式(虽然和李宁的广告语重了……)。

就写到这儿吧，一口气写完这么多话，真的很累，希望大家能够一起来讨论翻译的问题，让我们能够有更好的阅读体验。

开场：Ok, I am very glad to have such a wonderful chance to apply for the post of English teacher in your company. Now I am going to get straight to the topic.

基本信息：My name is…I am from…and graduate in this past July.

学习能力：After nearly 4 years hard study. I have mastered the basic knowledge and skills about English language and I could proficiently use it.

社团活动：Besides, I am also very passionate in taking part in all kind of activities on and out of campus. activity, I served as a primary English teacher in a English training institution for one year in the second year of the university.

交际沟通能力：Except what I mentioned on my resume, here I’d like to emphasize that I have extraordinary interpersonal communication skills . On the campus I could get along well with my classmates and roommate,

个性：My greatest characteristic is enthusiastic, easy-going ,kind-hearted I am also a hard working and patient girl. I have great passion to care about the young .

Base on the above qualities, I have the confidence to do this job.

翻译合作合同

本合同由以下双方签订：

甲方：_________________

住所地：_______________

乙方：_______________

住所地：_______________

双方经平等协商，一致达成如下协议。

第1条定义 本合同有关用语的含义如下：

1.1 甲方：_______________

1.2 乙方：_______________

1.3 用户：指接受或可能接受_____公司服务的任何用户。

1.4 信息：指乙方按本合同向甲方提供并许可使用译文。

第2条业务内容及价格

2.1 甲方要求乙方将委托之文件翻译为_____（语种）。

2.2 翻译：甲方应向乙方支付劳务费用，由_____翻译为_____（语种），收费标准为译后的每千中文字符数（电脑统计，不计空格为准）_____元人民币；其他语种翻译另议。

2.3 支付时间：_____

第3条提供译文

3.1乙方 同意按甲方书面要求之日期完成其委托翻译之任务。

3.2乙方应将译文于_____交给甲方。

3.3乙方按照乙方制定的质量翻译标准进行翻译作业，此质量翻译标准为鉴定译文品质之唯一标准。

3.4乙方有义务在甲方书面或电子邮件通知后对译文所出现的错误进行及时免费修改。

3.5 乙方将提供甲方一份电子翻译文件和书面翻译文件，并盖乙方翻译章。

第4条许可使用译文

4.1 乙方许可甲方利用译文制作成各式文档公开登载和展示。

4.2 乙方与甲方协商后决定是否标注译文的作者。

第5条免责

5.1 甲方的用户可以免费使用译文，并可对译文进行复制或修改编译。用户或第三方以任何方式对译文进行使用、修改、演绎、下载或转载，乙方的所有者均不对包括许可方在内的任何人承担任何责任。

第6条陈述与保证

6.1 双方保证其具有签订和履行本合同的权利和能力。

6.2 甲方保证译文由甲方的用户使用。

6.3 甲方保证译文的著作权人（如甲方不是信息的著作权人）同意其签订和履行本合同并不要求乙方的所有者支付任何费用，乙方可要求许可方就此提供译文的著作权人签署的文件。

6.4 乙方保证其向甲方提供的译文的及时性、完整性、合法性、真实性和准确性。

6.5 甲方保证乙方使用其译文的信息不构成对第三方任何权利的侵犯，同时甲方保证其签订、履行本合同不构成对第三方的违约或对第三方任何权利的侵犯，亦不会使乙方的所有者对任何第三方承担任何责任。

6.6 因甲方提供译文造成的对任何第三方的侵权，包括但不限于侵犯第三方的著作权，由甲方负责解决。

第7条期限

7.1本合同有效期为，即自_____年_____月_____日起至_____年_____月_____日止。合同到期后自行终止.

第8条违约责任

8.1 任何一方不履行、不完全履行、不适当、不及时履行本合同，另外一方有权要求对方按约定履行本合同或解除本合同，并要求对方赔偿相应的损失。

8.2 任何一方由于不可抗力导致不能履行、不能完全履行本合同，就受不可抗力影响部分不承担违约责任，但法律另有规定的除外，受不可抗力影响的一方应及时通知对方，以减轻可能给对方造成的损失，并应当在合理期限内提供相关证明。

第9条 保密

9.1未经甲方许可，乙方不得向第三方泄露本合同的条款的任何内容以及本合同的签订和履行情况，以及通过签订和履行本合同而获知的对方及对方关联公司的任何信息。

共2页，当前第1页12

It s my pleasure to be here to introduce myself. That s a difficult question. I think all the night. How to introduce myself? Tell you who I am?

You all know my name is Liu Xiaonao. Tell you what my major is or what I am doing now? You all know I study ink-jet paper, and yesterday you all my examiners. So today I ll tell you my characters and favorites. I m an open-minded, kind and smart girl.

I like dancing, especially national and classical dancing, waltz is also my love. Dancing can make me relax when I study tired. But about two years I have no chance to dance because my study subject is more attractive than dancing.

Last month I began to study play piano. But till now I only can play one song jasmine flower . Maybe I m a slow learner.

I also like drama. I had participated in the exam of actress. I m very luck I succeed in the exam. But make me surprised the director asked me to give him 50,00yuan.

So I went back to my study. Now I realize what I really like. That s my major printing and paper making. It s the place which can actualize my own personal worth. That s my life, wonderful life and interesting life. I hope the sun is always in my life. Thank you.

hi! Hello, I am in lianyungang city, jiangsu province guannan county experimental primary school. Im in class four grade four (11) reading Liu Rongchun classmates!

My study is on the average, in the class as a math class representative. A double belt under the thick eyebrows, a pair of glasses in the eyes, a small mouth very will talk, I had a long or short braid, but very thick.

My hobby many, such as: singing, dancing, writing, painting and calligraphy... Especially writing calligraphy and dancing, I once in nanjing college of art of calligraphy level through the game, game in our school participated in the province county. I have written my own novel! I raced in lianyungang city television station. My dream is to be a brilliant female movie star, so we have to study hard now. In order to achieve my dream to struggle!

I am the future national female movie star, Liu Rongchun!

嗨!大家好，我是在江苏省连云港市灌南县实验小学四年级四(11)班读书的陆荣春同学!

我的学习是中等偏上，在班里当数学课代表。浓浓的眉毛下有一双带一副眼镜的眼睛，一张很会说话的小嘴，我扎着一个不长也不短的辫子，但很粗。

我的爱好很多，比如：唱歌、跳舞、写作、书画…特别是书法和写作跳舞，我的书法曾经在南京艺术学院比赛四级通过，在我校参加过省县里比赛。我写过属于我自己的小说呢!我在连云港市电视台上比赛过。我的梦想是当一位耀眼的女影视明星，所以我们现在要认真学习。为实现我的梦想而奋斗!

我就是未来国家的女影视明星，陆荣春!

1、人生最遗憾的，莫过于，轻易地放弃了不该放弃的，固执地，坚持了不该坚持的……

2、如果有一天我们在路上重逢，而我告诉你：“我现在很幸福。”我一定是伪装的如果只能够跟你重逢，而不是共同生活，那怎么会幸福呢?告诉你我很幸福，只是不想让你知道我其实很伤心。

3、莎士比亚说:恋人分手后不可以做朋友,因为彼此伤害过、也不可以做仇人,因为曾经深爱过。那么就做最熟悉的陌生人吧,默默的为她祈祷和祝福。她有她的归宿,我也有我的去处。收拾心情再次上路,去寻找真正属于自己的她

4、伤口就像我一样，是个倔强的孩子，不肯愈合，因为内心是温暖潮湿的地方，适合任何东西生长。

5、世界上没有任何东西可以永恒。如果它流动，它就流走;如果它存著，它就干涸;如果它生长，它就慢慢凋零。

Dear Mr. Wang,

I am writing to inform you about my decision to resign from mycurrent position.

The primary reasons are as follows. First, after two months, I dofeel that it is not easy for me to get used to the extra work and night shift. Second,the salary has proven to be much lower than you originally promised, and I havea large family to support. Last, what I have learned in the university cannotmeet the requirement of being an editor.

I feel terribly sorry for the inconvenience I have caused. Isincerely hope that you approve of my resignation.

Yours sincerely,LiMing

尊敬的王先生：

我写信是为了告诉您我决定辞去目前的职位。

主要原因如下：首先，经过两个月的时间我确实感到很难适应加班和夜班;其次，工资事实上比您原先承诺的低很多，而我有一个大家庭要供养。最后，我在大学中所学无法满足作为一名编辑的要求。

我为对公司带来的不便深表歉意，由衷地希望您同意我的辞呈。

您真挚的,李明

笔译的开始是比较辛苦

笔译其实就是和电脑打交道，一天工作8个小时，除去厕所、电话、和间接性瞌睡的时间，平均至少有7个小时是对着电脑的，当然有些同事闭目养神时也是对着电脑的,背后一看你会以为他在对着电脑思考。在一间十几二十台电脑加在一起的房间里，每天要坐这么久，辐射伤害是很大的，搞不好哪天突然变异了都不知道，臀部和肩部也会很酸痛。平常员工之间交流甚少，一天下来听不到几句人声，文件和问题交流都是qq传递的。要静下心坐得住，可能需要一段时间来适应。

翻译公司客户所给的文件百分之七89十是非文学的，都是建筑、投标、商业、电子、石油、化工、铁路等等专业性文件。做的时候想坚持什么“信、达、雅”原则的话基本是作梦，公司要求是你翻正确了就好。专业性的文件就有专业性的术语，以前学校老师课堂上用到的比例几乎为零。这些术语有些公司会给统一的词汇，但是那些既晦涩在网上又很难查的一般都给不了，因为人家很多也是网上查的词，还不一定有你的查找的资源多。所以开始的时候，往往会遇到原文看不懂或者觉得语法不对的情况，这就好比有个黑头发黄皮肤的同胞用国语和你说了一些话，但你觉得他说的根本不是人话。

另外，待遇没有想象中的那么好。起初，我认为翻译是门要求较高的职业，面试淘汰率也较太高，自然待遇应该不差。不过实际情况是培训期(其实每天也在做文件，培训得很少)只有600元生活补助，实习期1200(加保险)，转正期=实习期+200左右。翻译公司普遍都是民营企业，不会有什么工作餐或者提供宿舍之类的，拿的是纯工资。当然，这些数字是可以根据你的实际工作量和质有所变化的。至于如何变化，现在还不得而知。

所以，想做笔译的朋友要有个好的心理准备。

这里只有“姐”没有“哥”

学英语的可能很熟悉这种感觉，就是总是处于一个花团簇拥(也有可能是“草”团簇拥)、狼少肉多的状态。出了学校，在公司也还是这样，谈到前辈的话基本上都是个“姐”：“这个问题可以问下a姐”、“你收到b姐的文件没”、“c姐说明天放假”、“d姐找你有事”、“e姐。。。”等等。“姐”中高手是有的，听说成都有个姐是联合国什么什么的专门翻译，工资是公司no.1，中译英文件她一出手那是手到擒来，而经理姐的时速是1000字，真令我等高山仰止，俨然一个传说。未来一两年还会涌现出又一批“姐”们，也会夹着几个“哥”吧。不过，这些“哥”中应该是不会有我的。

时间一长大家熟了，也无所谓“姐”或是“哥”了，都还聊得来。吃饭和下班时间，会一起聊聊天、开开玩笑、等等电梯什么的。上班时，也就不会感觉是坐在一间网吧里了。

整体来说，我们过得很和谐。

我也在乎工资

找工作那段时间，网上很流行某些商业奇才、外企骄子或是hr专家的职场语录。我就见过一些，诸如刚进去的时候不要计较工资、要踏实肯干、给领导倒茶扫地、什么杂活都包了之类云云。我没有反驳的意思，毕竟是经验之谈。但有些人可能误解了一些意思，比如不要计较工资。

许多应届生出来都把“工资”默认为是和领导交流时的敏感词。于是乎，培训期过去半月了，工资没发，我也不好去找领导问为什么。有个女生是培训期+1月过了都没去问，忍道真是到了一定境界，定属“姐”材。梅说，应该问的，这个是员工的基本权利。我觉得有理，于是就去问了“姐”，原来是总经理发工资，而他本身又不知道我们过了培训期这回事，民意通过“姐”才传达到。后来来了些新员工，可能也深受hr语录毒害，培训期过后不敢询问工资。我于是引用了梅的话，他说：“压榨年代，何来权利”。又是一个忍道高手。后来我还是去问了姐，因为我没钱了，发现原来以后的工资是统一15日发的。

我认为，把这些事问清楚本身并没有什么。不要计较工资是不要老想着加薪、提高待遇、嫌工资低的事，并不是说你啥事都不闻不问。

电脑基本知识很重要

工欲善其事，必先利其器。笔译的器是电脑，要利器就要对电脑知识(主要包括文字处理软件，信息搜索能力和辅助翻译软件)有一定了解。实习期间，有些女生由于word知识掌握不够，仅由于一些小毛病弄了半天，甚至有时候做完了文件没保存就出问题了。现在的因特网这么发达，想象解决这些问题真是易如反掌，特别是那些常见的问题，随便百度一下，谷歌一下，有道一下或是问“姐”一下，答案就是丰富多彩的。有的网友解答得是有声有色，举例子、列数字、打比方、排比都有的。当然，前提是你这个问题要说对才行。常用的快捷键知识是必须的，表格排版也要掌握。trados翻译软件暂时没教，这个估计水平到一定境界才好用，不然你翻译的本身都错了，还去保存起来岂不误人子弟。我看公司这边的“姐”都很少用。

我很庆幸自己一直对电脑知识比较感兴趣，掌握得还好。所以，翻译时诸如排版、查单词、打字速度等，我都没什么问题，因此我整体翻译速度还算是前位。不过，自己翻译的质量我还是不太敢恭维。

实习过来，我也曾觉得笔译很无聊、待遇很差，也曾诸多抱怨，不过我知道自己还是喜欢这个行业。屈原说，“亦余心之所向善兮，虽九死其犹未悔。”我想，翻译便是我心中现在向往的美好事物之一，好在还不需要玩命。

这次的翻译实习对我来说是次绝佳的挑战。首先，与之前做的翻译作业相比，这次翻译任务相当艰巨，让我第一次全身心的严肃认真对待翻译。其次，这次翻译让我了解到跨文化交际这个新的领域,在翻译的过程也增进了对这个新领域的了解; 再次,这次的翻译实习给了我一次把课堂所学的翻译理论应用于实践中的机会，在不但的比较，推敲，衡量，找到最佳字词句的过程中，我也慢慢领悟到翻译的真谛。最后，这次翻译实习也上次难得的经历，进一步锻炼我的翻译水平，今后的笔译和口译的深造铺砖添瓦。

这次翻译实习让我对如何做好翻译，如何提高翻译水平有了更加深刻的理解和感悟。首先，必须真正理解所要翻译的材料;其次，用“忠实而通顺”地传达原作内容。最后，审校译文。由于初次接触到医疗环境中跨文化交际的话题，初读原文时一头雾水，不知所措，也无从下笔。而无法理解原文的内容自然也就无法表达。于是我在网上查看了中文英文的背景资料后，再重新阅读原文。第一遍，掌握文章大意，对一些疑难词句作上记号;第二遍细读原文，逐词逐句逐段地自习研究，解决疑难问题;第三编通读原文，将全文精神“融汇于心”。因此，要理解原文，不仅要准确透彻地理解所译的文本，而且还在文本之外下功夫，既要掌握文本的背景知识，以及与文本有关的各种专门知识。第二步是表达，翻译的一般标准是“信雅达”，但针对此次文章的文体，可能把“忠实而通顺”作为翻译标准更加合适。为了完成“忠实而通顺”地转达原作内容，就要正确处理忠实与通顺的关系。忠实与通顺，本事一个矛盾同意体的两个方面，在表达的过程必须“统筹兼顾”，一方面要准确，精当地转达原文的意义，另一方面又要是译文通达晓畅，符合规范，不可顾此失彼，或者重此轻彼。最后，在对译文做审校，第一遍，对照原文，我发现了一些漏译，误译的地方。第二遍，脱离原文，检查出一些生硬拗口的地方，还有些标点，断句方面的错误。

通过这次翻译实习也让我认识到想要成为一名合格的译者，第一，中文水平要高，要打下扎实的汉语基础，特别是要下工夫提高自己的汉语表达能力;第二，外文水平要高，特别是要具有很强的阅读理解和鉴赏能力;第三，知识面要广;第四。要熟悉并掌握基本的翻译技巧。在今后的英语学习中，我会更加严格要求自己，在这四个方面多下工夫，争取做一名合格的译者。

本合约双方当事人______________________________________________(以下简称甲方)及兼职工作人员(以下简称乙方)_____________ 身份证号：_____________________________ 兹因甲方业务需要，委托乙方翻译书稿资料(以中文为主)，经双方协商达成以下条款：

一、合约有效期间为_______年______月________日起至_______年_______月_________日止。

二、规格：乙方交付甲方Word文件翻译稿，格式、标题、字体，除甲方有特殊规格之要求外，每页(A4横式)不得少于三十行。

三、价格：乙方须按议定单价(详见所附议价单)计价，不得任意调整价格。

四、文件：乙方须按照甲方交稿时所约定的时间内完成翻译文稿，并经甲方核对。如有错误，应由乙方负责实时改正。乙方如有延误交件，甲方得以书面定期促请乙方改善、如乙方逾期仍未改善，甲方可以解除本合约。

五、收件时由乙方出示签认验收单，载明交件时间、张数、规格、金额(单价、总额)，乙方完成翻译经核校无误后，由甲方核对验收签字并安排支付50%余款。

六、寄件地点：__________________。

七、资料必须在规定时间内完成，若在规定时间内无法完成任务的人员，超过三天每天扣50元，超过五天每天扣100元，超过十天我们将不给剩余的工资。(这点规定望翻译人员特别注意!)

八、薪资结算以甲方编辑部审核出的正确录入文字量为基数，错误录入字数不计算在薪资之内。工资每万字1500元，做满一个月者升为1600元(为了保证双方的利益每一万字可以结账一次)，甲方于乙方提交一万字录入当日将款项汇入乙方所指定的银行账户。

九、罚责：甲方应按照议定价格付款，若有超逾应付款项，经乙方发现时，甲方除应予更正外，且愿处以该笔溢请款项之壹百倍罚款。

十、保密责任：乙方对甲方所委托之翻译文稿内容，应负保密之法律责任，非经甲方书面同意，不得私自利用或对外发表或揭露。

十一、本合约所涉及文稿的知识产权或相关权利归甲方所有，乙方完成翻译经甲方验收后，应将相关文稿一并返还甲方，不得私自留存。

十二、违约：除另行约定外，任一方若有违反本合约任一条款，另一方有权解除本合约，并有权要求违约方赔偿相关损失及费用(含律师费)。

十三、在未发稿之前，我们将附带简单的合约书，一式两份，乙方在其中一份合约书上签字后与甲方联系以确认其身份、地址及签约合同后应预付给乙方50%的工资即7500元。(注明：需将先完成翻译的一万字的Word文档上交甲方后可预领百分之五十的工资即7500元。)

十四、在乙方录入第一份手稿工作完毕后，应将其中一份合约书尽快邮回给甲方(可使用普通挂号信)以取得身份证明、管理档案，保障任务和工资发放的作用。

十五、译后署名权：乙方完成书稿翻译后，甲方会在出版时加入乙方署名，即所谓的译后署名权。(经署名将在甲方发行出版物时加入书中!)

十六、乙方必须申请加入甲方会员，并支付200元押金，此押金将在乙方接到手稿后返还乙方。

十七、近期甲主录入资料多为商务文稿和贵重手稿。安全起见，甲方将对乙方暂时性收取500元人民币作为版权保密金。等乙方工作完毕时，甲方将退还乙方该保密金。

十八、乙方要对甲方所委托翻译文稿内容担负保密的法律责任，非经甲方书面同意，不得私自利用或对外发表或泄露，否则500元保密金将不退还。

十九、 关于本合约产生争议，双方同意以__________________________为第一审管辖法院。

二十、本合约壹式贰份，双方各执壹份，合约如有未尽事宜，应由双方再行约定。

甲方(公章)：_________ 乙方(公章)：_________

法定代表人(签字)：_________ 法定代表人(签字)：_________

_________年____月____日 _________年____月____日