当兵英文翻译【精彩20篇】

My name is Wang Rongyao， ten years old this year， people studying Chinese.

I have a frame， and a mouth very will talk. My nose on a pair of glasses.

At school， I showed a stable side， let my teachers and classmates think Im quite confident， in fact I am a coward. At home， just as it had been shut my mouth water above on， so the mother call I "twitter".

I am very caring， when I saw a small animals were injured， Ill take it home. Friends said I like a vet.

My weakness is I was too careless. On one occasion， I give wrong the simple subject， so the somewhat by the teacher. I am that one short of a percentage. But， now I say goodbye to careless gradually.

I will study hard， to make a contribution to society.

的名字叫王荣耀，今年十岁，就读民万华小学。

我有一张瓜子脸，和一张很会说话的嘴巴。我的鼻梁上架着一副眼镜。

在学校，我表现出沉稳的一面，让老师和同学们觉得我很有自信，其实我是个胆小鬼。在家里，我的嘴巴就像没有关紧的水喉在叽叽喳喳地说个不停，所以妈妈都叫我“叽喳公”。

我很有爱心，每当我看见有小动物受伤时，我就会马上带它回家治疗。朋友都说我像一位兽医。

我的缺点是我太粗心大意了。有一次，我把简单的题目给弄错了，所以被老师扣了几分。我还差那一题就一百分了。但是，我现在渐渐地跟粗心大意说再见.

我要努力读书，为社会做出一份贡献。

Good morning, my name is , is University of Fashion Design and Engineering 20 session of the graduates. It is an honor to have the opportunity to introduce myself here. During the school, I master the system of clothing design, garment structure technology and clothing management theory and practical ability, familiar with the basic theory and basic knowledge of clothing subject, by clothing design and garment structure technology basic training.In order to be able to I learned a lot of books not on the clothing expertise, improve the overall quality, so I am on the clothing materials, clothing technology, and so on, so I have a lot of experience, Clothing pattern making an eye-opener, so I mastered a lot of knowledge, which is more determined to dry clothing I am a strong interest in this industry. I will continue to enrich themselves, so that their efforts to become the apparel industry professionals. During the university I served as the Minister of the student union, exercise my hard-working and pragmatic, eclectic habits, to strengthen my sense of professionalism, responsibility, and cultivate my good at unity, the courage to innovate.

I always focus on the organization, communication, collaboration, innovation and other comprehensive capacity-building, and actively participate in student work and collective activities, in the process, a comprehensive exercise of my thinking ability, innovation, problem solving, problem solving and problem solving. The ability to communicate, training my hard-working, not afraid of difficult scientific spirit, and enrich my expertise. I am cheerful, good at communication, team spirit; new knowledge of new things have the ability, innovative spirit, willing to accept the challenge. I like the design of clothing, clothing design in the hope that this vast world expose their talent, but also look forward to your company with a broad and powerful stage of a show of talent. I am confident that I am competent to work in your company. If you are hired by your organization, I will be in their own positions on the practical work for your companys development and contribution to my talent and wisdom.

Letter No.：123456

To

Dear Sirs,

our auditors, , are conducting an audit of our financial statements. According to “Auditing Standards of Chinese Certified Public Accountants” , the auditor need to confirm the balance with you. If the information indicated below which comes from our records agrees with yours, please confirm by signing and affixing your official stamp in the space indicated as

“Confirmation the above balance to be no difference”. If yours do not agree with the information, please list the amount of yours in the space indicated as “Giving full details of difference”. We shall be appreciated if you send this confirmation letter directly to .

Address as: Linkman:

Postcode:123456

Tel: +86- Fax: +86-

1.

2. Other events

Please note that this is just a confirmation of account balance(s) and not a request for payment. We appreciated that the account may have been paid or settled since the date mentioned, but confirmation of the balance is still required and please indicate

Company: Date: Conclusion

Good morning !

早上好!

It is really my honor to have this opportunity for a interview,

这真是我的荣幸有这个机会参加面试,

I hope i can make a good performance today. Im confident that I can succeed.

我希望我能成为一个好今天的表现。我相信我能成功。

Now i will introduce myself briefly

现在我将简要介绍一下我自己

I am 26 years old,born in shandong province .

我26岁,出生在山东省。

I was graduated from qingdao university. my major is electronic. and i got my bachelor degree after my graduation in the year of 20xx.

我毕业于青岛大学。我的专业是电子。我毕业后,我得到了我的学士学位在20xx年。

I spend most of my time on study,i have passed CET4/6 . and i have acquired basic knowledge of my major during my school time.

我花大部分时间在学习上,我已经通过了CET4/6。我对我的专业的基础知识有了在我的学校的时间。

In July 20xx, I begin work for a small private company as a technical support engineer in QingDao city. Because Im capable of more responsibilities, so I decided to change my job.

20xx年7月,我开始工作一小型私人企业作为技术支持工程师在青岛城市。因为我有能力担负起更多的责任,所以我决定改变我的工作。

And in August 20xx,I left QingDao to BeiJing and worked for a foreign enterprise as a automation software test engineer. Because I want to change my working environment, Id like to find a job which is more challenging. Morover Motorola is a global company, so I feel I can gain the most from working in this kind of company ennvironment. That is the reason why I come here to compete for this position.

20xx年8月,我离开青岛到北京,为外国企业工作作为一个自动化软件测试工程师。因为我想改变工作环境,我想找一个更具挑战性的工作。分别摩托罗拉是一个全球性的公司,所以我觉得我可以获得最多的工作在这种公司ennvironment。这就是为什么我来这里竞争这个职位。

I think Im a good team player and Im a person of great honesty to others. Also I am able to work under great pressure.

我认为我是一个良好的团队合作精神,我一个人的伟大的诚实给别人。我能在巨大压力下工作。

That’s all. Thank you for giving me the chance.

这是所有。谢谢你给我这个机会。

My name is * * *, applied chemistry, so not good eloquence marketing professional students, said not good place please include a lot. Here I want to why I want to world company, it is the first clear treatment, so I have a sense of trust, and good treatment, can find a a sense of belonging, second, it performs a ten round knockout, very challenging and stimulating. Third, it has the training mechanism. Because we are the beginning of a university student, the knowledge and the reality is so far, there is no strong learning ability, good thinking is useless fourth, its corporate culture, "happy work, happy "Learning, happy life" and "creative quality", etc., because people are not machines, work and life are equally important. And people can not live on the same level, so be innovative. These are the reasons why I choose the world

Then I want to do an interview to introduce myself. I am easy-going personality, and always adhere to the "more amiable and easy of approach. His personal principles less waste". So during the university I have studied how to think, how to learn, how to innovate, how to think, how to remember. So during college, I not only to learn knowledge to learn more, to learn and learn. So my learning ability is strong, learning efficiency is high (did not think the interviewer said to 2min, very embarrassed, but now I want to put me in the belly of the things written).

I majored in Applied Chemistry, but I do not love it. But since the election is to learn English well, so I just learn good study, but not very good. I must learn to all principles, so I choose to improve the learning ability of aspects, so study of the above mentioned aspects books. And I am the biggest feature is the innovation ability, I want to tell you a few things first, our dormitory lamp circuit board is broken, other people say a waste, and I use a lighter melting a scrap. They fear pen core second, I participated in a memory at the time of training, the teacher taught us an image when A password instead of two numbers, and then combined with some specific locations will be able to remember a string of numbers without the law. An image that can only remember two numbers, and I after summing up, can remember a password four digits, efficiency doubled. In third, the same memory training when the teacher told us, instead of the digital image, and then told us to find a set of locations, I realized that we must be the same place together to remember the story ends.

国际专利许可合同(附英文译本)

3.3 royalty at the rate of_________% (_________percent ) shall be calcuated interms ofnet selling price after the contract products are sold in this year，the contractproducts which not sold shall not be included.

3.4 the report of the selling quantity， net selling amount of the contract productsandroyalty which should be paid in last year shall be submitted to party b in writtenform by party a within 10 (ten) days after the date of settling accounts to royalty. thespecific methods which calculatenet selling amountand royalty are detailed in appendix 3to the contract.

3.5 the contract products sold by party a pursuant to the patent license hereingranted shall be deemed to have been sold when paid for.

3.6 if the contract products are returned or allowances made thereon after the royaltythereon has been paid party a shall be entitled to take ppropriate erdit for suchoverpay-mentagainst royalties thereafter accruing.

3.7 if party b demand to audit the accounts of party a，it shall no tice party a withinl0(ten) days after receiving the written notice of party a in accordance with article

3.4 of the contract.the speeific content and procedure of auditing accounts aredetailed in appendix 4 tothe contract.article 4 couditions of payment

4.1 royalty stipulated in section 3 to the contract shall be effected by party a toarty bthrough the bank_________(here it is the business bank of party a， and the bank_________(here it is the busines bank of party b)， payrnent shall be settled in_________.

4.2 party b shall immediately issue the related documents ofter receiving the writtennotieesubmitted by party a in accordance with artiele 3.4 of the contract， the royaltyshall be paid by party a to party b within 30(thirty) days after party a has received thefol-lowing documents whichare provided by party b and found them in confoumity with thestipulations of thcontract.

（1）four copies of the statement on calculation of the royalty;

（2）four copies of the commercial invoice;

（3）two copies of the sight draft.

4.3 party a shall have the right to deduct from any of the above mentioned payment theppenalties and/or compensations which party b shall pay in accordance with thestipulations ofthe contract.article 5 technical service and training

5.1 technicgl service

（1）during the validity period of the contract， party b shall send a specialist topartya`s factory to explain the drawings and technical documents and to provide teehnicalservise indesigning.manufacturing， adjustment，inspection and maintenance of thecontracted pro-duet so to eheble party a to use， as fast as possible， home materialsand raw components without affeeting the properties of the products so manufactured.

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I am Zhang , I graduated from Wuhan technology and engineer university in June,20xx.my specialized field is computer technology and science and my major course is software engineering. Before graduation ,I passed the interview of Isoftstone company in April, 20xx.and on may 1st,20xx, I won the duty as a java software engineer and worked in Wuxi.After three months,I passed the assessment of the company and I was arranged into the shanghai branch of the company.

国际专利许可合同(附英文译本)

6.2 the date stamped by the air transportation ageney at_________，shll be takenas the actual date of delivery paryt a shall send to party b a photostat copy of theairconsignment note shwing the stampde date of arrival.

6.3 within twenty-four hours after the despatch of each lot of the technical documente，party b shal1 notify party a by cable or telex of the contract number， number and dateof the air consignment note， items of the documents， number of pieces， airmail toparty a two copies of each of the air consignment note and detaikled list of thetechnical documents.

6.4 if the technical documents are foumd lost， damaged or mutilated during airtrans-portation， party b shall supply party a free of charge with a second lot ofdocuments within thechortest possible time but not later than thirty days after it hasreceived from party a the writtennotice. within sixty days after party a has receivedthe documents from party b，if party a does not declare the shortage and request tocover the same， it is considered asa-cepted.

6.5 the technical documents shall be in english and based on metric system ofmeasure-ments.article 7 verification and acceptance

7.1 the verification test on the first samplemachine of the contracted&nbs p;product shallbe carried out by the joint group consisting of party as and party bs representativesaccordingto the schedule and contents stipulated in appendix 7 to the contract. lf theperformance of the contracted product is in conformity with the technical specificationsstipulated in ap-pendix 1， such testshall be considersd as qualified and therepresentatives of both parties shll sign the inspection and testing certificate for theproper performance of the contracted product in quadruplicate， 2copies for each party.

7.2 if the verification test demonstrates that the performance of the contractedprod-uct isnot in conformity with prescribed technical specifications， both partiesshall， throughamicable negotiations，make a joint study of and analyse the cause andtake measures to e-liminate the defects and carry out asecond test. when the second testdemonstuates tha the performance is qualified， both parties shall sign a testingcertificate for the proper perfot- mance

7.3 if party b is responsible for the failure of the first test， party b shall sendat ist own expense technical ersonnel for the second test.

7.4 if the second test fails again and the failure is attributed to party b， party bshallindemnify party a for any losses sustained and shall take effective measures toeliminate thedefects and carry out a third test.

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英语自我介绍范文带翻译：

I am very happy to introduce myself here。I was born in Liaoning Province。I graduated from Nankai University and majored in International Trade。 I like music and reaing books，especially economical books。 It is my honor to apply this job。 I hope I can realise my dream in our pany。Please give me a chance。Thank you very much

it is my great pleasure to introduce myself。i was born in LIAONING。 My major is international trade。 I was graduated in Nankai University。 My hobby lies in the music and reading， especially like economics。

i am glad that i can take part in this interview and i am sincerely hope that i can join this pany to realize my dream。 please give my a chance。 Thank you。

很高兴做自我介绍，我出生在辽宁，专业是国际贸易，毕业于南开大学，我的兴趣是音乐，读书，尤其是经济类的书。

很荣幸应聘贵公司，期望能在贵公司实现我的梦想，期望能给我一次机会，多谢。

国际专利许可合同(附英文译本)

1.9 net selling price menans remaining amount of invoice value of thecontractprod-ucts， after deduction of packahing， installation and freight charges，trade and discount，commission，insurance and taxes and duties. if any， directlyapplicable to the prdduct.

1.10 the date of coming into effect of the contractmeans the date of raificationofthe contract by the managing constructure of the parties or by the competentauthorities ofboth parties， whichever comes later.article 2 scope of the contract

2.1 party a agrees to acquire from party b and party b agrees to transfer to party athe patented technology for contract products. such patented technology shall be in exactaccordance with the technologyof party bs latest products.

2.2 party b grants party a the non-exclusive right to design and manufacturecontractproducts in china and to markdt the said products in china and abroad.

2.3 party b shall be responsible& nbsp;to provide party a with documents relevant to thesaidpaptents and with special fittings of the samplemachine their concrete details andschedule ofdelivary being set out in appendix 2 to the contract.

2.4 the contract does not cover the patented technology for the parts from othercoun-tres.but party b shall provide party a with the specimens and the tecincal specifications andthe name of the manufacturers of the parts.

2.5 party b shall be responsible for the training of party as technicl personnelin party bs relevant facilities and also do its best to enable party as technicalpersonnel to masterthe patented technplogy of the aforesaid contract product (details asper appendix 5 to the contract).

2.6 party b is obliged to send at its own expense technical personnel to party asfacto-ry for technical service (details as per appendix 6 to the contract).

2.7 if it is required by party a. pafrty b shall be under an obligation to provideparty aat the most favourable price wity parts， accessories， raw materials， fittings，etc. for con-trade mark the two parties.

2.8 party b grants party a the rignt to use party bs trade mark， and use thecombinedtrade，mark of both parties or mark the wouding production according tolicensors licenceon the contract produets.article 3 price of the contract

3.1 price of the contract shall be calculated on royalty in accordance with thecontent and scope sipulated in artice 2 to the contract and shall be paid in_________.

3.2 royalty under the contract shall be paid from_________months after the the dateofcoming into effect of the contract in terms of calendar year. the date of settlingaccountsshallbe 31，december of each year.

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Since 20xx, as an obstetrician and gynecologist, under the leadership of the higher authorities. In support of the President, the hospital Obstetrics and Gynecology has made certain achievements, now individual work since this year is summarized as follows:

In political thought, always adhere to the partys line, principles, policies, and earnestly study Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought and Deng Xiaoping Theory and General Secretary Jiangs "Three Represents" and other important ideas, and always adhere to serve the people wholeheartedly, Reform, development and progress, and constantly improve their political theory. And actively participate in various political activities, to maintain leadership and unity of comrades, has a good professional ethics and professionalism, work hard working, painstaking efforts, many times to the higher level hospital training and learning.During the work, actively around the MCH policy, to improve the management level and operational capacity as the prerequisite to enhance the theoretical knowledge and improve business skills as the basis, adhere to the combination of clinical and social work, and actively cooperate with the hospital staff work together , Hard work, conscientiously completed the work tasks.

At work, I am deeply aware of a qualified Obstetricians and Gynecologists should have the quality and conditions, and strive to improve their level of business, and constantly strengthen the business theory of learning, learning about maternal and child health knowledge, enrich their theoretical knowledge. Often participate in training to listen to the lectures of higher experts and scholars, the first half to the hospital to learn new medical knowledge and medical technology, thus broadening the horizons and expand the knowledge. Always adhere to the new theory and technology applied to the work, to master the common gynecology and obstetrics, frequently-occurring disease and difficult disease diagnosis and treatment techniques, skilled diagnosis and treatment of obstetric diseases, cervical erosion, and other obstetric complications and Complications, skilled diagnosis and treatment of various emergency gynecological, severe, independent of gynecology and obstetrics commonly used surgery and a variety of family planning surgery. Strict implementation of the work of the work system, routine treatment and operating procedures, meticulous treatment of each patient, to the maximum extent possible to avoid misdiagnosis.

Since the obstetrics and gynecology, my diagnosis and treatment of obstetric and gynecological diseases, the accuracy rate of 80% or more, independent completion of several other gynecological surgery, the patient can be discharged on time, from the occurrence of error-free accidents. Really play a business backbone role. During my work, the grid in accordance with the requirements of the work of women and children, carefully developed practical work targets and plans.

Doctor-patient communication in place, mutual understanding and unity of staff, hospitalized delivery of pregnant women, observation of labor closely, patience and well-patient communication for pregnant women and their families understand the process of labor and possible cases, let the psychological, and A psychological preparation and understanding of the process, surgical patients strictly grasp the surgical guidelines for critically ill patients as soon as possible treatment, strict aseptic surgery, no case of puerperal infection.

Strictly abide by their own scheduling system and the first diagnosis is responsible for the development, put an end to the occurrence of medical malpractice. Department of disinfection responsibility clear, regular, timely records

In short, in this year both at work or technical level has greatly improved, there are still many shortcomings, the need to further improve the quality and theoretical level of business, improve the level of writing and overall quality, so that Their successful completion of their work satisfactorily; hope that next years work to make persistent efforts.

Hello Everyone, my Name Is Lee. This Is Really A GREat Honor To Have This Opportunity, and I Believe I Can Make Good Performance Today. Now I Will Introduce Myself Briefly.

I Am 20 Years Old, born In Guangdong Province, south Of China, and I Am A Senior Student At Guangdong University. My Major Is English. And I Will Receive My Bachelor DeGREe After My Graduation In June.

In The Past Four Years, I Spent Most Of My Time On Study. I Passed CET4 And CET6 With A Ease And Acquired Basic Theoretical And Practical Knowledge Of Language.

Besides, I Have Attended Several Speech Competition Held In Beijing, which Really Showed Our professional Advantages. I Have Taken A Tour To Some Big Factories And Companies, through Which I Got A Deep Understanding Of English For Application. Compared To Developed Countries, unfortunately, although We Have Made Extraordinary Progress Since 1998, our Packaging Industry Is Still Underdeveloped, messy And Unstable, and The Situation Of Employees In The Field Is Awkward. But I Have Full Confidence In Its Bright Future If Only Our Economy Can Be Kept At The Growth Pace Still. I Guess You May Be Interested In Why I Choose This Job.

I Would Like To Tell You That This Job Is One Of My Lifelong Goals. If I Can Work Here, I Will Work Hard. As To My Character, I Cannot Describe It Well, but I Know I Am Optimistic And Confident. Sometimes I Prefer To Stay Alone, reading And Listening To The Music, but I Am Not Lonely, for I Like To Chat With My Classmates About Almost Everything.

My Favorite Pastime Is To Play Volleyball, to Play CardsorTo Surf Online. From Life At University, I Learn How To Balance Study And Entertainment. By The Way, I Was An Actor In Our Amazing Drama Club. I Have A Few Glorious Memories On Stage. That Is My Pride.

购买和约Whole Doc.

Contract No:

Date:

The Buyer:

The Seller:

The Contract,made out,in Chinese and English,both version being equally authentic, by and between the Seller and the Buyer whereby the Seller agrees to sell and the Buyer agrees to buy the undermentioned goods subject to terms and condi- tions set forth hereinafter as follows:

SECTION 11 Name of Commodity and specification2 Country of Origin & Manufacturer3 Unit Price (packing charges included)4 Quantity5 Total Value6 Packing (seaworthy)7 Insurance (to be covered by the Buyer unless otherwise)8 Time of Shipment9 Port of Loading10 Port of Destinationmark shown as below in addition to the port of destination, package number, gross and net weights, measurements and other marks as the Buyer may require stencilled or marked conspi- cuously with fast and unfailing pigments on each package. In the case of dangerous and/or poisonous cargo(es), the Seller is obliged to take care to ensure that the nature and the generally adopted symbol shallbe marked conspicuously on each package.

12 Terms of Payment:

One month prior to the time of shipment the Buyer shall open with the Bank of_______an irrevocable Letter of Credit in favour of the Seller payable at the issuing bank against presentation of documents as stipulated under Clause 18. A. of SECTION II,the Terms of Delivery of this Contract after departure of the carrying vessel. The said Letter of Credit shall remain in force till the 15th day after shipment.

13 Other Terms:

Unless otherwise agreed and accepted by the Buyer, all other matters related to this contract shall be governed by Section II,the Terms of Delivery which shall form an integral part of this Contract.Any supplementary terms and conditions that may be attached to this Contract shall automatically prevail over the terms and conditions of this Contract if such supplementary terms and conditions come in conflict with terms and conditions herein and shall be binding upon both parties.

FOR THE SELLER

FOR THE BUYERSECTION 214 FOB/FAS TERMS14.1 The shipping space for the contracted goods shall be booked by the Buyer or the Buyer’s shipping agent __________.

14.2 Under FOB terms,the Seller shall undertake to load the contracted goods on board the vessel nominated by the Buyer on any date notified by the Buyer, within the time of shipment as stipulated in Clause 8 of this Contract.

14.3 Under FAS terms,the Seller shallundertake to deliver the contracted goods under the tackle of the vessel nominated by the Buyer on any date notified by the Buyer, within the time of shipment as stipulated in Clause 8 of this Contract.

14.4 10-15 days prior to the date of shipment, the Buyer shall inform the Seller by cable or telex of the contract number, name of vessel,ETA of vessel, quantity to be loaded and the name of shipping agent, so as to enable the Seller to contact the shipping agent direct and arrange the shipment of the goods. The Seller shall advise by cable or telex in time the Buyer of the result thereof. Should, for certain reasons,it become necessary for the Buyer to replace the named vessel with another one,or should the named vessel arrive at the port of shipment earlier or later than the date of arrival as previously notified to the Seller, the Buyer or its shipping agent shall advise the Seller to this effect in due time.

用信息论的视角分析旅游资料的翻译

以下是一篇关于毕业论文开题报告，欢迎浏览！

选题依据及研究意义

选题依据：近年来，中国旅游业蓬勃发展，越来越多的外国游客到中国观光旅游，他们一方面是为了来领略美丽的自然风光，另一方面也想借此了解悠久而神秘的中国历史文化。

导游词的作用在于向国外受众介绍旅游景点的情况，它与其它文本的不同之处在于带有浓重的文化内涵和感情色彩，而且强调对受众的传播效果。因此，导游词翻译不应该只是进行语言间的转换，更应该是文化传播的媒介，应进行文化层面的论释。目前国内英语版的导游词翻译还存在不少问题，比如用词不当、语言累赘、文化误译、漏译、译文不规范等亟待修正。由此可见，国内关于导游词的汉译英还需要进一步的探讨。

旅游资料翻译也是一种传播，其特性自然而然地使其归入传播学的框架。传播学作为一门新兴发展起来的学科，对于旅游资料翻译的意义在于，它为译者提供了更广阔视角，帮助译者将翻译看作是一项跨文化传播活动，旅游资料的传播特性得到重视，其中有可能影响到译本的众多因素都应考虑进去，避免了仅仅只是进行语言层面上的研究。本文正是通过应用传播学领域的主要理论一信息论，对旅游资料的翻译问题进行探讨和研究的，通过分析旅游资料汉译英中所存在的问题, 借助信息论展开针对性的探讨，提出解决问题的翻译方法。

意义：把跨学科的理论成果应用于翻译研究，是当今翻译研究中的一个新的思路，它使翻译研究走出了囿于语言学领域的传统范式。目前对于旅游资料翻译的研究力度也不够，大都缺乏理论指导。本文正是通过应用通讯领域的主要理论一信息论，对旅游资料的翻译问题进行探讨和研究的，试图为信息型这类实用型文本的翻译提供一个新的研究视角及评估标准。

由于每个社会群体都有自己的共有知识，每一种语言都有其文化特点和表达习惯，因此译者在翻译过程中要采取各种措施，才能把原文的信息适当地传递给目的语读者。目前在旅游翻译中还存在用词不当、语言累赘、文化误译、漏译、译文不规范的问题，本文作者收集了一些旅游资料中的典型例子，运用信息论中的主要理论，对其中、英文本进行了具体的对比、分析，从信息传递的角度对旅游资料翻译时采取的一些处理手法作了详细的阐述。旨在提高我国旅游宣传资料的翻译质量，促进我国旅游业的发展

选题的研究现状

自1948年shannon提出了信息论以来，信息论被应用到各个研究领域。著名翻译家奈达看到信息论与翻译之间的契合，认为翻译就是信息传递的过程，由此将信息论引入到翻译领域。在信息论的基础上，代写论文奈达创立了翻译的等效理论，即译文在译语读者心中能产生与原文读者大致相同的反应。从信息论的角度来说，由于语言特质（linguistic idiosyncrasy）和文化差异等因素，原语信息会超出目标语读者的解码能力，给译语读者造成认知负担。为了达到译文的动态等值，则需要增加冗余度。按照奈达的逻辑，冗余度与等效原则成正比关系，冗余度越高，等效原则实现得越充分。

随后，国内译介对信息论作了详细地介绍，证明了其对翻译的有效性。廖七一（1996，1997）指出两种语言转换中往往会出现原语信息与原语信道失衡的情况，冗余度的增加则有利于读者接受；王斌、王晋瑞（）提出翻译的任务是调整变换原语的冗余成分，保证语言交际的顺利进行。

拟研究的主要内容和思路

1. introduction

2. literature review

2.1 previous translation studies from the perspective of communication science

2.1.1 a brief introduction to the science of communication

2.1.2 communication principles

2.2 previous translation studies on tourism texts

2.2.1 definition of tourism and tourism translation

2.2.2 current situation of tourism translation and its representative studies

2.3the communicative attributes and sense in translation

2.3.1 the communicative perspective of translation studies in the western countries

2.3.2 the communicative perspective of  translation studies in china

3.theoretical basis

3.1 a brief introduction to information theory

3.2 information transmitting model

3.3 the application of information theory in translation practice

4.the analysis of tourism translation from the perspective of information theory

4.1 noise---the barrier to tourism translation

4.2 solution to the problems of cultural information transference

4.2.1 analogy

4.2.2 deletion

4.2.3 restructuring

4.2.4 adjustment

5. conclusion

5.1 conclusions

5.2 the significance of the study

5.3 limitations of the study

bibliography

研究的创新点及重、难点

创新点：从传播学中信息论的角度探讨旅游资料的汉译英。

重点：在旅游翻译中，噪音是影响受众理解的最大障碍。

难点：译者如何在翻译过程中将噪音减小到最低。

研究进程安排

第一阶段  （月日——月日） 查阅资料，确定题目，完成大纲及开题报告

第二阶段  （月日——月日） 完成论文初稿

第三阶段  （月日——月日）初稿送交指导老师审查并对初稿进行反复修改

第四阶段  （月日——月日） 完成论文定稿并准备论文答辩

第五阶段  （月日——月日） 完成论文答辩

主要参考文献

bittner, john r. mass communication, an introduction. fourth edition.new jersey: englewood cliffs, prentive hall, 1986.

nida, eugene a language and culture and translating. shanghai: shanghai foreign language education  press. 1993

nida, eugene  a. language and culture: contexts in translating. shanghai: shanghai

foreign language education press,

shannon.c.&weaver.w. the mathematical theory of communication. urbana:university of

illinois press，1999.

陈刚，《旅游翻译与涉外导游》，北京:中国对外翻译出版公司，.

赖少华，旅游资料中的文化翻译，《广西教育学院学报》，.

肖迎霞，奈达翻译理论与旅游资料英译实践，《解放军外国语学院学报》，.

张海涛，英汉思维差异对翻译的影响，《中国翻译》1999年第1期.

years I engaged in the management of technical quality, the job for me is a new starting point for the work.Technical management position is the construction of the projects comprehensive technical quality management and ensure the effective operation of quality system. It includes the following work: organization and implementation of national, regional and sector technical quality of the laws and regulations, standards, documents; responsible for the projects technical quality management; learn from the industrys advanced construction methods or own unique construction methods in the Promote the implementation of the enterprise, and constantly improve the construction methods and improve the management level;

According to the status quo and long-term development planning to do a good job of technical training.Therefore, I have done the following work in this department: The management of technology management has implemented Kanban management.Implementation of Kanban management is an important measure of our companys management. Through the implementation of kanban management, we have opened up the distribution level, which fully embodies the principles of distribution of labor according to work and the principle of "no labor is less." In the implementation process, according to the kanban management related implementation plan and the stipulation, according to the general procedure to the team and the operation group issued the task book, the task book clearly stipulated the construction request, to receive the material, the material construction procedure and the piece work day, Check the completion of the task book to verify the piece rate. During the period, the supply department, technical management departments and other relevant personnel to cooperate with each other, to ensure that the project on schedule, high-quality, safe completion.

I have a solid foundation in technical management for many years, the system is sound, but I think the technical force for the younger phenomenon, in particular, should strengthen the construction program targeted and operability and construction summary of scientific and practical. For each project we construct, I summarize the complete construction features, procedures and methods. As a technical accumulation, if necessary, sorted out by the same kind of system data. Can guide the construction of the future, but also for the tender to provide basic information. In the preparation of the program at the end we have issued a method of operating instructions issued in order to sort out a set of practical data for the completion of chemical refining system for the preparation of instructions for the newly joined technicians to complete the completion of the information provided on the convenience.

As a technical quality management staff, in the future I will be 100 times the enthusiasm to meet new challenges, continue to improve the technological development system and strengthen the ability of technological innovation, the formation of high, large, refined, sharp as the core competitiveness of theTechnical differences and competitive advantages, and gradually establish a complete and efficient technology development system, the formation of the project unified technical management, implementation of the classification, the goal of assessment, mutual support, resource sharing technology management system.

本人乐观向上，爱好广泛，拥有较强的适应能力，并具有良好的身体素质。与同学相处和睦融洽，乐于助人，对工作踏实，认真负责，学习能力强，能较好完成任务。注重团队合作，能够积极参加学校及班级组织的活动，并能在活动中充分发挥出自己的作用。

I am optimistic, wide-loving, it has a strong ability to adapt, and have a good physique. Rapport with classmates, helpful to the work of practical, serious and responsible, ability to learn, to better complete the task. Team-oriented, able to actively participate in school activities and class organization and activity can give full play to their role.

General Manager signatur July 29, 20xx

, CEO , VP Sales

Corporation (Address)

It’s our great honor to invite you to visit Company located at (address) in August, 20xx. This visit will provide an opportunity for you to make a better understanding of our marketing issues, and to communicate our future business cooperation in detail.

Company, as one of your distributors in China, has been great progressing in promoting and selling your products. We believe this visit will be of great benefit to our future business cooperation.

Please use this invitation letter to apply for your VISA to China.

We are all looking forward to seeing you soon, and should you have any questions, please feel

free to inform me.

Yours truly,

Dear Sir or Madam, Nice to contact you !We are glad to know your name and address on the Internet . Here writing you with expectation of establishing business relationship . Now we take this opportunity to introduce our company. Our company was founded in (year). We have a very large international business with lots of countries.We are mainly produce all kinds of (product). If something is attracting ,please let us know, then we should send you the price sheet. After you confirm the price ,the samples also can be dispathed to you for thepurpose of examining the quality.Hope our products meet your market. So that we can start our bbusiness relationship for mutual benefit. Thanking you in advance and looking forward to having your kind views on our business cooperation proposal. Your prompt reply would be highly appreciated waiting for your kindly reply.

acceptance

june.17.20__

austin food corp.

11937 woodruff ave.,downey ca 90241 dear mr blake, we confirm your letter and the enclosed samples and pricelist of june 15th .we are grateful with your quickly reply. we find the price and quality satisfactory,so we confirm our acceptance of your quotation if you can guarantee the following conditions:

1.delivery on or before july.10.20__.

2.transshipment and partial shipment will not be allowed.

3.the item will be packed in one bag of about 20 kgs net each,three bags to a carton.

4.payment is to be made by t/t. 50% deposit before delivery,50% after your faxing copy of b/l. we are glad to have conclude this deal with you.we hope it will be mark the good beginning of the pleasant business relations between us. the validity of our order is refer to your faxing copy of b/l reach us before

july

12.20__. yours truly, tanhome import and export corp. a720 new world apartments 24,jiefang rd. enclosed order of tapioca chips: art.no. quantity unit price amount cif dalian

qt011 200mts @usd120/mt usd 24,000 qt012 300mts @usd150/mt usd 45,000 total value: usd69,000

Songs Offerings(《吉檀枷利·第一章》)泰戈尔成名之作。

2.Thou hast made me endless, such is thy pleasure. This frail vessel thouemptiest again and again, and fillest it ever with fresh life.

This little flute of a reed thou hast carried over hills and dales, andhast breathed through it melodies eternally new.

At the immortal touch of thy hands my little heart loses its limits in joyand gives birth to utterance ineffable.

Thy infinite gifts come to me only on these very small hands of mine. Agespass, and still thou pourest, and still there is room to fill.

从泰戈尔的诗中能看出来一颗晶莹剔透的心，中文版本是根据英文译出来的，所有有些看英文的更有味道些;我最想去旅游的国家之一，就是印度，很想去看一些另一个东方文明是啥样子的。泰戈尔的诗选是前几天为了准备晚会诗歌朗诵整理的，好东西贴出来和大家共享。(以后我自己编辑整理的东西统一用sog_bj标记)

夏天的飞鸟，飞到我的窗前唱歌，又飞去了。

秋天的黄叶，它们没有什么可唱，只叹息一声，飞落在那里.

Stray birds of summer come to my window to sing and fly away.

And yellow leaves of autumn, which have no songs, flutter and fall therewith a sigh

世界上的一队小小的漂泊者呀，请留下你们的足印在我的文字里.

Troupe of little vagrants of the world, leave your footprints in mywords.

世界对着它的爱人，把它浩翰的面具揭下了。

它变小了，小如一首歌，小如一回永恒的接吻.

The world puts off its mask of vastness to its lover.

It becomes small as one song, as one kiss of the eternal.

是大地的泪点，使她的微笑保持着青春不谢。

It is the tears of the earth that keep here smiles in bloom.

无垠的沙漠热烈追求一叶绿草的爱，她摇摇头笑着飞开了.

The mighty desert is burning for the love of a blade of grass who shakesher head and laughs and flies away.

如果你因失去了太阳而流泪，那么你也将失去群星了。

If you shed tears when you miss the sun, you also miss the stars.

跳舞着的流水呀，在你途中的泥沙，要求你的歌声，你的流动呢。你肯挟瘸足的泥沙

而俱下么?

The sands in your way beg for your song and your movement, dancing water.Will you carry the burden of their lameness?

她的热切的脸，如夜雨似的，搅扰着我的梦魂。 Her wishful face haunts my dreams like the rain atnight.

有一次，我们梦见大家都是不相识的。

我们醒了，却知道我们原是相亲相爱的。

Once we dreamt that we were strangers.

We wake up to find that we were dear to each other.

忧思在我的心里平静下去，正如暮色降临在寂静的山林中。

Sorrow is hushed into peace in my heart like the evening among the silenttrees.

飞鸟集2

有些看不见的手，如懒懒的微风似的，正在我的心上奏着潺湲的乐声。

Some unseen fingers, like an idle breeze, are playing upon my heart themusic of the ripples.

“海水呀，你说的是什么?”

“是永恒的疑问。”

“天空呀，你回答的话是什么?”

“是永恒的沉默。”

What language is thine, O sea?

The language of eternal question.

What language is thy answer, O sky?

The language of eternal silence.

静静地听，我的心呀，听那世界的低语，这是它对你求爱的表示呀。

Listen, my heart, to the whispers of the world with which it makes love toyou.

创造的神秘，有如夜间的黑暗——是伟大的。

而知识的幻影却不过如晨间之雾。

The mystery of creation is like the darkness of night-it is great.

Delusions of knowledge are like the fog of the morning.

不要因为峭壁是高的，便让你的爱情坐在峭壁上。

Do not seat your love upon a precipice because it is high.

飞鸟集3

我今晨坐在窗前，世界如一个路人似的，停留了一会，向我点点头又走过去了。 I sitat my window this morning where the world like a passer-by stops for a moment,nods to me and goes. 这些微思，是树叶的簌簌之声呀;它们在我的心里欢悦地微语着。

There little thoughts are the rustle of leaves; they have their whisper ofjoy in my mind.

你看不见你自己，你所看见的只是你的影子。

What you are you do not see, what you see is your shadow.神呀，我的那些愿望真是愚傻呀，它们杂在你的歌声中喧叫着呢。让我只是静听着吧。 My wishes arefools, they shout across thy song, my Master. Let me but listen.

我不能选择那的。是那的选择我。

I cannot choose the best. The best chooses me.

飞鸟集4

They throw their shadows before them who carry their lantern on theirback.

那些把灯背在背上的人，把他们的影子投到了自己前面。

That I e_ist is a perpetual surprise which is life.

我的存在，对我是一个永久的神奇，这就是生活。

We, the rustling leaves, have a voice that answers the storms, but who areyou so silent?"

"I am a mere flower."

“我们萧萧的树叶都有声响回答那风和雨。你是谁呢，那样的沉默着?”

“我不过是一朵花。”

Rest belongs to the work as the eyelids to the eyes.

休息与工作的关系，正如眼睑与眼睛的关系。

Man is a born child, his power is the power of growth.

人是一个初生的孩子，他的力量，就是生长的力量。

飞鸟集 5

神希望我们酬答他，在于他送给我们的花朵，而不在于太阳和土地。

God __pects answers for the flowers he sends us, not for the sun the earth.光明如一个裸体的孩子，快快活活地在绿叶当中游戏，它不知道人是会欺诈的。 The light thatplays, like a naked child, among the green leaves happily knows not that man canlie. 啊，美呀，在爱中找你自己吧，不要到你镜子的谄谀去找寻。 O Beauty, find thyself in love, not in theflattery of thy mirror.我的心把她的波浪在世界的海岸上冲激着，以热泪在上边写着她的题记：“我爱你。” My heartbeats her waves at the shore of the world and writes upon it her signature intears with the words, "I love thee." “月儿呀，你在等候什么呢?”

“向我将让位给他的太阳致敬。”

Moon, for what do you wait? To salute the sun for whom I must make way

本合约双方当事人______________________________________________(以下简称甲方)及兼职工作人员(以下简称乙方)_____________身份证号：_____________________________ 兹因甲方业务需要，委托乙方翻译书稿资料(以中文为主)，经双方协商达成以下条款：

一、合约有效期间为_______年______月________日起至_______年_______月_________日止。

二、规格：乙方交付甲方Word文件翻译稿，格式、标题、字体，除甲方有特殊规格之要求外，每页(A4横式)不得少于三十行。

三、价格：乙方须按议定单价(详见所附议价单)计价，不得任意调整价格。

四、文件：乙方须按照甲方交稿时所约定的时间内完成翻译文稿，并经甲方核对。如有错误，应由乙方负责实时改正。乙方如有延误交件，甲方得以书面定期促请乙方改善、如乙方逾期仍未改善，甲方可以解除本合约。

五、收件时由乙方出示签认验收单，载明交件时间、张数、规格、金额(单价、总额)，乙方完成翻译经核校无误后，由甲方核对验收签字并安排支付50%余款。

六、寄件地点：__________________。

七、资料必须在规定时间内完成，若在规定时间内无法完成任务的人员，超过三天每天扣50元，超过五天每天扣100元，超过十天我们将不给剩余的工资。(这点规定望翻译人员特别注意!)

八、薪资结算以甲方编辑部审核出的正确录入文字量为基数，错误录入字数不计算在薪资之内。工资每万字1500元，做满一个月者升为1600元(为了保证双方的利益每一万字可以结账一次)，甲方于乙方提交一万字录入当日将款项汇入乙方所指定的银行账户。

九、罚责：甲方应按照议定价格付款，若有超逾应付款项，经乙方发现时，甲方除应予更正外，且愿处以该笔溢请款项之壹百倍罚款。

十、保密责任：乙方对甲方所委托之翻译文稿内容，应负保密之法律责任，非经甲方书面同意，不得私自利用或对外发表或揭露。

十一、本合约所涉及文稿的知识产权或相关权利归甲方所有，乙方完成翻译经甲方验收后，应将相关文稿一并返还甲方，不得私自留存。

十二、违约：除另行约定外，任一方若有违反本合约任一条款，另一方有权解除本合约，并有权要求违约方赔偿相关损失及费用(含律师费)。

十三、在未发稿之前，我们将附带简单的合约书，一式两份，乙方在其中一份合约书上签字后与甲方联系以确认其身份、地址及签约合同后应预付给乙方50%的工资即7500元。(注明：需将先完成翻译的一万字的Word文档上交甲方后可预领百分之五十的工资即7500元。)

十四、在乙方录入第一份手稿工作完毕后，应将其中一份合约书尽快邮回给甲方(可使用普通挂号信)以取得身份证明、管理档案，保障任务和工资发放的作用。

十五、译后署名权：乙方完成书稿翻译后，甲方会在出版时加入乙方署名，即所谓的译后署名权。(经署名将在甲方发行出版物时加入书中!)

十六、乙方必须申请加入甲方会员，并支付200元押金，此押金将在乙方接到手稿后返还乙方。

十七、近期甲主录入资料多为商务文稿和贵重手稿。安全起见，甲方将对乙方暂时性收取500元人民币作为版权保密金。等乙方工作完毕时，甲方将退还乙方该保密金。

十八、乙方要对甲方所委托翻译文稿内容担负保密的法律责任，非经甲方书面同意，不得私自利用或对外发表或泄露，否则500元保密金将不退还。

十九、 关于本合约产生争议，双方同意以__________________________为第一审管辖法院。

二十、本合约壹式贰份，双方各执壹份，合约如有未尽事宜，应由双方再行约定。

甲方(公章)：_________ 乙方(公章)：_________

法定代表人(签字)：_________ 法定代表人(签字)：_________

_________年____月____日 _________年____月____日