沈阳故宫英语导游词完整版【汇编20篇】

St. laorenzo church, known as Fengshun church, is one of the three oldestchurches in Macao. It is located in fengshuntang street, just opposite to MacauCiyou middle school. The actual construction year is unpredictable, butaccording to historical records, it is estimated that the church was a woodenchapel founded by Jesuits around 1569. According to the inscriptions on one ofthe stone inscriptions in the church, it was first rebuilt in 1618. As for thescale of the church, it was rebuilt in 1844.

When St. laorenzo church was built in the early years, because it was closeto the wharf, there was a flag pole in the church, which was an importantindicator for Portuguese to decide whether to go to sea or not. "A brief accountof Macao" states: "in the southwest, there is Fengxin temple. Since the Tibetanships came out, the family members came back every day and prayed for Fengxinhere." Therefore, this church is also commonly known as "fengxintang". Later,because of the homonym of "Xin" and "Shun" in Cantonese, perhaps to pray forgood weather, "Feng Xin" became "Feng Shun", and "Feng Shun Tang Street" and"Feng Shun Tang district" got their names. Different from the rose church andSt. Josephs Chapel, St. laorenzos building is towering and imposing. TheEuropean classical style has a baroque flavor. Because the whole building is notlocated in the square (front ground), or out of the position of a certainsection of scenery, in order to highlight the existence of the whole church andserve as the center of a residential area, a high platform with nearly one flooris added below the church to make it more upright and conspicuous. And theprocess of the faithful men and women climbing up the ladder has become a kindof ceremony before they enter the church to worship. Another difference from thefirst two churches is that St. laorenzo church covers a large area, so there isa large courtyard around the church. The courtyard is full of vibrant plants,and it is separated from the residential buildings nearby in space and vision.Therefore, the entrance to the church basically focuses on the building itself,the surrounding plants and the blue sky There is no earthly noise, quiet andpleasant.

Many years ago, Fengshun hall was called Fengxin hall among Chinese people,which means Shunfeng Shunshui. Most of the Portuguese who lived in Australiamade a living by going to sea for business. Their families prayed for the safereturn of their relatives more than this church, hoping for the protection ofthe gods. The hyacinth flagpole set up in the church provided an important indexfor the Portuguese sailing boats which were mainly driven by wind at that time."Fengshun" is the Cantonese homonym of "Fengxin", which makes the church moreChinese.

The Fengshun hall was established as early as 1569, during which it wasrebuilt several times, including one in 1618. The old church was decorated in1979, which added to its splendor. Church design, magnificent, left and rightbell tower and Qi, one is a clock, used to tell the time; one is a bronze bell,used for church mass shaking roar. The roof of the church is covered withChinese style golden tiles, and the interior decoration is full of Orientalcolor and elegant. The hall is spacious and magnificent, with huge beams andexquisite chandeliers, which is quite luxurious and grand.

In the altar, there is a statue of Saint laorenzo, wearing gorgeous robes,holding the Bible in one hand and the staff in the other. It is solemn andsolemn. In the eyes of Portuguese who often sail, it is the God of peace andgood faith.

The church is not far away from the temple of mage. However, in the shortdistance, we can see the echo of Portuguese maritime patron and Chinese sea god,witness the collision and integration of Western and Chinese culture, andappreciate the tolerance of Macao people to different cultures.

Its snowing again in Zhangjiakou. The snow is crystal clear, pure, naturaland unsophisticated. It is curling like a swans plumage and a jades pearblossom.

Snow fell to the ground, gently, quietly, for the earth covered with alayer of quilt. Sometimes, the snow is a little bit smaller, and it floats downlike reed catkins, covering the ground, thin, like gauze clothes on theearth.

The snow fell on the roof, and the red roof soon turned white. The wall isyellow, with a touch of white, gentle and elegant. After a while, it snowedheavily. There was too much snow on the roof. Some of them were squeezed down,floating and falling under the eaves.

The snow fell on the tree, and the tree was shaken by the wind. Althoughthe snow is sticky, it cant be swayed violently. It slowly flies down and makesa layer of small snowflakes under the tree. After a while, it mysteriouslydisappears.

Zhangjiakou, my hometown, your snow is so beautiful, your winter is sobeautiful!

沈阳，号称“东方鲁尔”; 辽宁省省会，东北地区最大的中心城市[1]，中国建成区面积第三大城市，中国七大区域中心城市之 一，中国十大城市之一，中国十五[2]个副省级城市之一，是中国最重要的装备制造业基地。 沈阳市政治、军事、金融、外交机构林立，驻有沈阳军区、中国人民银行沈阳分行、民航东北地区管理局、东北电监会、沈阳铁路局、东北电网有限公司、国家审计署驻沈阳特派员办事处、境外媒体常驻沈阳新闻机构、国土资源沈阳局、沈阳邮区中心局、沈阳陆地搜救中心、中国科学院沈阳分院等中央直属机构，以及美国、俄罗斯、朝鲜、日本、韩国、法国六国驻沈阳总领事馆及英国签证中心。

沈阳位于中国东北地区南部，辽宁省中部，以平原为主，山地、丘陵集中在东南部，辽河、浑河、秀水河等途经境内。属于温带季风气候，年平均气温6.2-9.7℃，自1951年有完整的记录以来，沈阳极端最高气温为38.3℃(1952年7月18日)，极端最低气温为-32.9℃(20__年1月15日);之前沈阳还观测到39.3℃(1920年)的高温，和-33.1℃(1950年)的低温。全年降水量600-800毫米，1951年至20__年市区年平均降水量716.2mm, 全年无霜期155-180天。受季风影响，降水集中在夏季，温差较大，四季分明。 冬寒时间较长，达近六个月，降雪较少，最大降雪为20__年3月4日47.0毫米的特大暴雪;夏季时间较短，多雨，1973年8月21日曾下过215.5毫米的大暴雨。春秋两季气温变化迅速，持续时间短：春季多风，秋季晴朗。

Hello! Welcome to Hengshan, Nanyue! Zhangjiajie

Hengshan is located in the central and southern part of Hunan Province. Itis one of the five famous mountains in China. It is one of the first batch ofnational key scenic spots, the first batch of national 4A tourist areas and theonly "national civilized scenic spot demonstration site" in Hunan Province.Hengshan is known as "the most beautiful five mountains" and "the longevitymountain of China". Hengshan has 72 peaks, which start from Hengyang City in thesouth, Huiyan peak in the South and Yuelu Mountain in Changsha City in thenorth. The peaks are beautiful, magical, winding eight hundred Li and powerful.Just as Wei Yuan, a famous scholar in Qing Dynasty, described in Hengyue Yin,"only Nanyue is like flying."

The origin of the name of Nanyue Hengshan has been discussed in three wayssince ancient times. One is that Pangu created a new world. After his death, heturned into mountains and trees. His head turned into Mount Tai in the East, hisfoot into Mount Hua in the west, his right arm into Mount Heng in the north, hisabdomen into mount song in the middle, and his left arm into mount Heng in thesouth. Another theory is that Emperor Yan, one of the ancestors of China,pursued the immortal bird and beat it down with a magic whip, which turned itinto Nanyue. Now Hengshans emblem "zhuniao" is derived from it. There is also asaying that the ancients divined the human fortune according to the sky andstars. It is the so-called "the sky has stars, and the earth has cities.".Hengshan, the southern mountain, corresponds to the wing of the star in the sky.It can weigh the weight of heaven and earth like a scale, so it is calledHengshan. There is also a "Changsha star" beside the star, which is in charge ofthe longevity of ordinary people. Hengshan is also called "Shouyue" because itbelonged to Changsha in ancient times. "Nanshan" in "longevity is better thanNanshan", which people often say, refers to Hengshan.

The reason why Nanyue Hengshan can stand out among many famous mountains inthe country is due to its beautiful scenery, rich and diverse species andmagnificent weather.

Nanyue is known as "the unique beauty of the five mountains", with "show"as the main landscape feature. There are so many mountains, so many trees, somany clouds and so on. Its really "different scenery in five li, double sky inten li". The scenery of Hengshan is so beautiful and countless. Among them, themost famous are the "four wonders of Hengshan", the beauty of Sutra collectionhall, the depth of Fangguang temple, the height of zhurong peak and the wonderof shuilian cave.

大家好!在繁华的沈阳古城中心，有一座巍峨庄严的清代宫殿建筑群。这里就是我们今天的目的地——沈阳故宫。

依建筑时间和布局，沈阳故宫的建筑可分为三部分，它们分别是东路、中路、西路。今天，我们就按这个顺序。首先参观东路建筑。

沈阳故宫以其独特的建筑艺术和特殊的历史而闻名中外，在这片绚丽多彩，雄伟多姿的建筑群中，最古老，最具特色的就是我们面前的大政殿。

大政殿草创于1625年，是处理国家政务和举行庆典活动的主要场所之一。大政殿为八角重檐攒尖式建筑，外形近似满族早期在山林中狩猎时所搭的帐篷。在大政殿的房脊上，还饰有八个蒙古力士，牵引着八条铁链，象征着“八方归一”。正门前的大柱上，盘旋着两条翘首扬爪的金龙，是受汉族敬天畏龙思想的影响，以龙代表天子的至尊无上。大政殿建筑特点的多样性，体现了多民族文化的融合。金龙盘柱，尽显中原之风;八位力士又流露了浓郁的蒙古色彩;而亭帐式的风貌，则是满族古老文化的延续。

作为最早使用和最为重要的宫殿之一。许多重大历史事件都以大政殿为舞台上演。1643年，六岁的顺治皇帝在大政殿继承帝位，并于次年在此颁布了出兵令，命摄政王多尔哀兵入山海关直捣中原，最终完成了满清一代的一统大业。

大政殿两侧南向，十王亭呈燕翅排列。错落有致，如众星拱月，南宽北狭，似无穷无尽，象征兵多将广，万世绵延。十王亭是清朝入关前左右翼王和八旗旗主在皇宫内办公的地方。它们与大政殿构成了一组亭子式的院落建筑，反映了满族独特的军政体制——八旗制度，这在中国的历史上堪称独步天下。远在努尔哈赤立国之初，凡遇军国大事都由汗王与八旗贝勒大臣共同讨论决定。努尔哈赤定都沈阳后，在修建宫殿时便将这种“君臣合署办公”的制度固定化。以建筑的形式表现了八旗制度和“八和硕贝勒共治国政”的政体及军事民主的思想。因而形成了大政殿、十五亭这组独特的建筑，为中国宫殿建筑史写下了空前的一页。

各位朋友，现在我们来到了中路。从1626年皇太极继承汗位，即续建皇宫，形成沈阳故宫的中路建筑。中路建筑前起大清门，后至清宁宫，院落三进，独成一体。

大清门是沈阳故宫的正门，为皇帝临朝前，文武百官候朝的地方。它便是演义小说中俗称的“午朝门”。大清门的屋顶满铺黄琉璃瓦并衬以绿色剪边，既保留了以黄为尊的传统观念，又体现了满族对故乡山林的深厚眷念。从而形成了区别北京故宫的一个特点——宫殿顶覆以黄琉璃瓦镶以绿色剪边。

穿过大清门，北望便是崇政殿。崇政殿俗称“金銮殿”，是清太宗皇太极举行日常朝会的地方。

1635年，皇太极下令将族名‘女真”改为“满洲”。1636年皇太极在崇政殿登基称帝，上尊号“宽温仁圣”，将国号“金”改为“清”年号“天聪”改为“崇德”。

各位朋友，古代宫殿建筑布局讲究“前朝后寝”。看过了皇帝上朝的金銮殿，请大家随我去参观帝后的寝宫。

穿过崇政殿两侧的左右翊门，举目可见位于3.8米高台之上的凤凰楼。楼后为帝后寝居的后宫——台上五宫。与崇政殿对比又形成了沈阳故宫不同于北京故宫的特点——“宫高殿低”。而北京故宫则恰恰相反，是“殿高官低”。

凤凰楼为宴饮、议事之所，是当年沈阳城的最高建筑，诗称“欲穷千里目，更上一层楼”可谓十分贴切。登上凤凰楼俯瞰四周，万般景物尽收眼底，可饱览盛京全景，也可观赏日出。“凤楼晓日”是当年著名的盛京八景之一。凤凰楼门洞上方悬有“紫气东来”匾，为乾隆皇帝御笔。而乾隆皇帝则是借用这个典故寓意大清的国运兴起于东方。

各位朋友，穿过凤凰楼底层的通道后，我们就进入了后妃居住的台上五官。

台上五官是清宁宫、关雎宫、麟趾宫、衍庆宫、永福宫。

现在请大家随我参观皇太极和皇后的寝宫——清宁宫。

清宁宫东梢门称“暖阁”，是帝后的卧室。暖阁内分南北二室，二室均设火炕。1643年八月初九，皇太极在暖阁内驾崩，终年52岁，后葬于沈阳昭陵，即北陵。

清宁东次间开门，是典型的满族民居——口袋房，西四门南西北三面都设火炕，称“万字炕”。与汉族有所不同的是，满族人将烟囱建在屋后，而且从地面向上垒起。这种“口袋房，万字炕、烟囱竖在地面上”的建筑特点具有浓郁的满族风格了。

各位朋友，现在请随我去参观西路建筑。西路建于1782年至1783年，主要包括：戏台、嘉荫堂、文溯阁等。

说起文溯阁，我们不能不提到乾隆皇帝和《四库全书》。出于加强文化统治的需要，乾隆皇帝于1772年下诏访求天下藏书，历经十余年时间编成一部大型丛书。该书分经、史、子、集四部，所以称为《四库全书》。书修成后，抄录七部，在全国建七座藏书阁分别收藏，沈阳故宫的文溯阁便是其中之一。

提起宫殿建筑，我们很容易想起“红墙绿瓦”、“金壁辉煌’这类词汇。而文溯阁却与众不同，屋顶用黑琉璃瓦镶绿剪边，整个建筑以黑绿两色为主色调，这与它的用途是分不开的。文溯阁藏书忌火，依据五行字说立色配饰，装修取《易经》“北方壬癸水”其色属黑，因此屋顶用黑色琉璃瓦，寓意水从天降，消灭火灾。

文溯阁外观为两层，内部实为三层，书架上的木盒称函匣，用于收藏书籍。目前文溯阁的《四库全书》保存在甘肃省图书馆。

看到这里，我们今天的参观已经接近尾声。沈阳故宫的三路建筑是分期建造的，布局却是一气呵成，完整和谐。特别是三路建筑分别代表了“八和硕贝勒共治国政”、“皇太极南面独尊”、“康乾盛世”三个时期社会发展的基本特征。“建筑是凝固的历史”，从总体来看，沈阳故宫以建筑的方式反映了满族政权和满族社会由崛起——兴盛一高度发展的历史进程。

各位朋友，我们的参观就要结束了，希望故宫之行能给您留下美好的回忆。

大家好!欢迎大家来到故宫，很高兴能为大家服务，我是本次大家旅程的导游韩一铭，大家叫我韩导就行。今天由我陪同大家共度这段美好的时光。

现在，大家已经乘车来到了位于北京市中心的故宫。这里曾居住过24个皇帝，是明、清两代的皇宫，现在是故宫博物馆。故宫整个建筑金碧辉煌，庄严绚丽，无论是平面布局、立体效果还是形式上的雄伟堂皇，都堪称无与伦比的杰作。

我们先来观看故宫的中轴吧!这条中轴在北京城的中轴线上。三大殿、后三宫、御花园都位于这条中轴线上。在中轴宫殿的两旁，还分布着许多殿宇，也都宏伟华丽。

参观完了中轴线，就要去艺术珍品馆啦!故宫的一些宫殿中建立了综合性的历史艺术馆、绘画馆、分类的陶瓷馆、青铜器馆、明清工艺美术馆、铭刻馆、玩具馆、文房四宝馆、珍宝馆、钟表馆和清代宫廷典章文物展览等，收藏有大量的古代艺术珍品。据统计，有102653件，其中很多文物都是绝无仅有的无价之宝。

故宫的四个城角上，每个角都有十八柱七十二条脊的角楼，有一个关于角楼的传说。有一天，永乐皇帝让大臣们在故宫的四个犄角上修建一座九梁十柱七十二条脊，这可把大臣们给难住了。有一天，一位木匠见了一个装蝈蝈的笼子，觉着笼子非常奇怪，就走过去看了看，一数，这正是九梁十柱七十二条脊!木匠立刻交给了大臣。从此，就留下了这样的角楼。

各位游客，我们今天的游览马上就要结束了，对我今天的讲解，欢迎您提出意见和建议，我深表感谢。最后，祝大家玩得开心!谢谢!

Panshan is located in the northwest of Tianjin. "If I had known that therewere Panshan, why should I go to Jiangnan?". Emperor Qianlongs confessionproperly shows that Panshan is not only beautiful in scenery, but also has aprofound cultural connotation.

From Jingji villa to Cuiping peak. There are many springs here. Theexquisite spring water has experienced a cold winter. It is said that it justcame out from the dreary. It should be flowing slowly. But there are manystrange rocks here, which make the gentle stream jump and laugh all the way. Itgradually becomes passionate and full of water. Finally, it condenses into awaterfall and flows down, leaving the tourists who are stunned on the naildrying stone far behind.

Go up and see more and more strange stones. Some look like a big bluemushroom, some look like a small gray animal, and some just lie between tworocks. No one can worry about it. Panshan not only has different grotesquerocks, but also has many allusions, which makes people feel and yearn forhistory.

Up again, the mountain is full of vigorous pine trees. I didnt understandwhy pine trees grew in rocks until Panshan finally got the answer. The originalfour mountains are full of charming flowers, pink roses, blue morning glory,golden spring, all over the mountains. The simple pine trees had to take root inthe stone cracks. Its a pity that the flowers bloom and wither all the yearround. Only these strong pines have deep roots, and they are always leisurelyand contented in the clouds. A burst of spring breeze blowing, pine branchesstretch out, issued a slow voice and the laughter of the stream beating stonesconstitute a symphonic poem of spring reverberating in the valley for a longtime.

It is difficult to describe the three sets of scenery in words. But thebeautiful charm of Panshan is really unforgettable.

Ladies and gentlemen, we are going to travel from Jingdezhen to Wuyuan, themost beautiful village in China, the last Shangri La in China. The driving timeis about 1 or 5 hours. Xiao Hua would like to ask you a question? Did you oftensee Wuyuan in newspapers or on the Internet five years ago? (smile) it should berare to see it? Yes, Wuyuan has been on the rise in recent years One day in20__, when our jiangshuji came to Wuyuan one day, he inadvertently told theentourage that I finally came to my hometown. At that time, the entourage wassurprised and said: "Chairman, your hometown is not from Jiangsu? How can itbecome a la from Jiangxi?" At that time, our General Secretary Jiang Mimi saidwith a smile: "you dont know, my grandfather came out of Jiangwan Town here,and I am also this person.". At that time, the general secretary wrote down: themost beautiful countryside in China! Then, Wuyuan officially vigorouslydeveloped the tourism industry in 20__, and the slogan at that time was the mostbeautiful countryside in China, the last Shangri La in China. Many photographershave come here to discover the beauty of this place. Especially in March everyyear, the golden rape flowers, the unique white wall, the Horsehead wall ofDaiwa and the Hui style buildings with flying eaves become the paradise forthose tourists who love photography, making them forget to return!

Now that we have entered Wuyuan, you can see that the buildings outside thewindow are all Huizhou style buildings. You may wonder why there are still Anhuistyle buildings in Jiangxi. In fact, before that, it was one of the sixprefectures and one county in Huizhou. During the period of the Republic ofChina, Mr. Jiang assigned it to Jiangxi in 1937 to suppress bandits, Beforeliberation, it returned to Jiangxi. 99% of the water in Wuyuan converged toPoyang Lake. It only took us two hours to drive from Tunxi in Anhui, and two tothree hours to drive from Quzhou in Zhejiang. Transportation is very convenient,but in ancient Wuyuan, because there are many mountains, transportation is veryinconvenient. To sum up with a sentence by Xiaohua, Wuyuan is "divided into halfmountains, half fields, half waterways and manors". This kind of environmentcaused people in ancient Wuyuan to understand that when they were poor, theywould think of change. Here is a sentence about the fate of the men here: "theywere born in Huizhou in the past, From this nursery rhyme, we can see that themen here were very bitter before. Because of the large mountains, small land andlarge population, they had to go out to do business. Many people in ancientWuyuan were engaged in tea business and timber business, and gradually formed agroup of Hui merchants. Speaking of merchants, we all know that there have beenthree very famous business schools in China since ancient times. The first oneis just Shanxi merchants, when it comes to Shanxi merchants, you should think ofthe scene of "Qiaos courtyard", which reflects the brilliant image of ageneration of Shanxi Merchants Qiao Zhiyong. The second business school is ourHui merchants, and the Hui merchants must think that Xiang Yang, the author ofChinese Taiwan, wrote a book "red top businessman Hu Xueyan". Hu Xueyan can be said tobe a model of businessmen at all times and in all over the world. He is a modelin both business and conduct. Therefore, if you often go to bookstores, you willfind books about him. For example, in the recent 100 forums, a famous professorin Taipei, Zeng Zhiqiang, wrote a book "Hu Xueyans Enlightenment". It can beseen that Hu Xueyan knew the talents, made great efforts to relieve WangYouling, a poor scholar, and finally became a famous businessman in the worldfrom a primary school apprentice to a rich one. It can be said that he was amodel in the business world! The third business road was the Jiangyou gang inJiangxi Province! Although the businessmen were very rich, they had a lot ofmoney There are three wives and six concubines in the house, but in fact, howhumble the status of merchants in ancient times is? In ancient times, theranking is officials, peasants, workers and merchants. The highest status isscholars, and everything is inferior. Only scholars are high, officials andscholars are the highest, followed by farmers, because they have land, thencraftsmen, and finally merchants. What is the status of merchants at that timeThey are humble, so they try to earn money, go back to their hometown to marry awife, build a big house, donate money to build ancestral temples, bridges androads, so as to improve their status and identity in their hometown. So you cantake a look at the house in Wuyuan, which is made into a horse head wall. From adistance, it looks like an ancient woman looking forward to her own mans earlyreturn!

When it comes to Wuyuan, this place is just like a womans Jasper, brightand elegant. You can see from his name that this place has something to do withwomen. Take a look at the word "Wu" in "Wuyuan". There is a girls "woman"below. This thin woman has a "spear" on her left shoulder. In ancient times,"spear" was a very sharp weapon, and his right shoulder is beside a palindrome,which means that you cant offend the women here? (laughter), although she isweak and small The women in Wuyuan are typical: they can get into the hall, getout of the kitchen, raise a son, and meet their parents daughter-in-law. Justnow we said that Wuyuan men have a hard life and will go out to do business atthe age of thirteen or fourteen. But who knows that Wuyuan women are also veryhard. To marry here or a businessman, we not only have to suffer from Acacia,but also learn to fight by ourselves When it comes to the relationship betweenmother-in-law and daughter-in-law, its a science, a great knowledge. As thesaying goes: "three women in a play, five women top five thousand ducks.". Sothis is also a compulsory course for women in Wuyuan. When women in Wuyuan getmarried, they have some interesting customs. For example, they have to cry ontheir wedding day. You must think its strange that they are very happy and itsnot lucky to cry. But people in Wuyuan must cry. The more you cry, the betteryoull get married! If you dont cry, the neighbors will joke that this womanshusband doesnt love her in the future! (smile) after Wuyuans womans crying,her husband will carry her from the ladys building to the sedan chair, andbring her wedding makeup to her husbands house. When we get to the door of myhusbands house, the new lady will get off the sedan chair and knock on the doorof my husbands house. This is that the future mother-in-law will open the doorto "greet", and this greeting will also give a big gift! What do you guess?First of all, Wuyuans mother-in-law is very fierce. As the saying goes: tenyears later, when her daughter-in-law becomes a mother-in-law, she must beruthless, or how to discipline her daughter-in-law in the future? (laughter)guess! Well, when her mother-in-law opens the door, she slaps her face loudly!Hehe, Wuyuans daughter-in-law doesnt cry or make noise, and her mother-in-lawbeats her What should she do? Wuyuan has been a "book town" since ancient times.Everything is very implicit. For example, Wuyuan peoples restroom is not calledrestroom, but called "Shuyuan". In ancient times, there were couplets inShuyuan, which said: "common peoples families often come here, and the emperoralso comes here!" lets say that the daughter-in-law was beaten, but at thistime, she waved calmly and asked people to carry the dowry into the house Letssee what the dowry is. First, a rice sieve, second, a pair of scissors, third,five well diggers, fourth, a contract to divide the land, fifth, a coffin,sixth, a secret weapon and two tea bags.

You may be surprised, what are these used for? Guess again? (the answers ofordinary guests make me faint) Hey hey! Tell you! First of all, rice sieve tellsmy mother-in-law that you dont have to beat me or scold me. I may have manyshortcomings before marriage, and I also have many advantages. Today I bringrice sieve, and I will screen my disadvantages and advantages every day Illcorrect the bad points by myself, and Ill keep the good ones, so you dont haveto beat me or scold me!

Secondly, a pair of scissors is to tell mother-in-law that if your sonchanges his heart one day, or our relationship is bad, we will deal with ouremotional problems by ourselves, and you dont have to talk about it. Son, yourdaughter-in-law cant do it. Repair her, right? We will deal with our feelings,just like taking this pair of scissors, and it will never be broken. Please restassured!

Third, five well diggers. People in Wuyuan used to drink well water, so mymothers family helped dig well. A field, and a coffin together means to tell mymother-in-law that although I married into your house today, the water I drankwas dug by my mother-in-laws family, and the rice I ate was planted in my ownfield, including that I didnt need your coffin when I died! So you beat me andscolded me, I didnt have to fight back! Haha! As for tea bags? (to know theanswer, please listen to the next analysis)!

各位游客大家好：

欢迎大家来故宫旅游，下头由我为大家介绍故宫的一些基本情景。

故宫过去叫紫禁城，它是明清两代的皇宫。紫禁城始建于明朝永乐四年(1406年)永乐十八年建成，占地面积72万多平方米，距今已有600年的历史。在那里曾居住了明清两朝24位皇帝。紫禁城的建筑是依据我国古代的《周礼.考工记》中“前朝、后市、左祖、右社”的原则建造的。

那么为什么叫“紫禁城”呢那里面有很深的文化内涵。咱们中国是一个天文学十分发达的国家，早在3000多年前的甲骨文中就有许多关于天象的记载。在古代的天象观测中，人们发现，有一颗星的位置是不变的，始终居于天空的正中，它是紫微星，也就是大家熟悉的北极星。人们认为那是天帝居住的宫殿，称它为“紫宫”。皇帝称自我为天子，就是天帝的儿子，他所居住的宫殿就叫“紫宫”，这是其一，其二呢，皇帝居住的宫院，对寻常老百姓来说，是绝对的禁忌之地。于是两层含义合起来，所以就叫“紫禁城”

紫禁城是明朝的第三个皇帝朱棣，也就是永乐皇帝在1406年开始营建的，用了14年的时间才全部建成，1421年正式迁都北京。从明朝永乐到清朝宣统，共有24位皇帝在这儿居住过，统治中国达491年。

相传紫禁城有宫殿9999间半，实际上是8700多间，是我国也是世界上目前规模最大、保存最完整的宫殿建筑群。这些宫殿沿中轴线排列，并向两边展开，左右对称，格局严正，气魄雄伟，极为壮观。当我们漫步在这些宫殿之间时，不仅仅能够亲身接触到它的一砖一瓦，还会欣赏到青铜、玉器、书画、珠宝等珍贵的文物。要明白，这些文物都是从故宫博物院150多万件藏品中精心挑选出来的，您定会爱不够，也看不够。再者说，在那些文物的背后，在眼前这些殿宇之中以往发生过许许多多令人荡气回肠的故事，足以让您听不够、想不够。简单一句话，您今日走进了这明清两代的皇宫，就是走进了中华礼貌的宝库。

故宫的全称是“故宫博物院”，因为它是在明清两朝的皇宫和宫廷旧藏文物的基础上，建立起来的综合性国家级博物馆。说到这儿您可能会问了，那故宫博物院是什么时候成立的呢不要着急，这还要从末代皇帝溥仪的退位说起。1911年，辛亥革命推翻了清王朝的统治，1912年溥仪正式宣布退位。按说，这座宫殿应当收归国有。可是，按照当时的规定，溥仪却被允许居住在后宫部分，长达十几年。

在1924年冬季的一天，冯玉祥将军的手下鹿钟麟，将溥仪和他的后妃逐出了皇宫，同时成立“清室善后委员会”，接管故宫，并对皇宫中的文物进行了清点。又经过一年的紧张筹备，1925年10月10日在乾清门前广场举行了盛大的建院典礼。那天，为了争先目睹这座神秘的皇宫和宫殿里珍藏的宝贝，许多人拥向故宫，北京城万人空巷、交通堵塞，这件事成了当天各大报纸的重要新闻。

故宫在开放的第一天，到底接待了多少游客，我们不明白。可这几年，每年都有近1000万中外游客到故宫参观游览。因为故宫是全年365天开放的，算起来，每一天平均要接待将近3万人呢。

故宫博物院已经有80多年的历史了，在这么长的时间，尤其是新中国成立后，故宫在古建筑保护、文物收藏、研究和展览方面，取得了巨大的提高。您明白吗目前故宫珍藏的文物有150多万件，占全国文物馆藏总量的十分之一，其中一级文物占全国文物的五分之一还多呢那故宫的文物都有哪些品种呢这150多万件文物种类齐全，包括玉器、陶瓷、书画、珐琅、漆器、金银器，以及很多帝后、妃嫔服饰、衣料和家具等十多个门类。

这些年来，故宫博物院除了保存和复原三大殿、后三宫和西六宫外，又开辟了青铜、陶瓷、书画、珍宝、钟表等专馆，并经常举办各种临时的主题性展览。

城池

午门是皇宫的正门，因其位于紫禁城的午位(正南方)故称午门。“五凤楼”;在明清两朝，它的地位十分重要，许多重大仪式都是在那里举行的。比如：每年农历十月，皇帝要亲自到这儿来颁布下一年的历书。另外，打完仗，将士得胜回朝后，要在午门前举行隆重的献俘礼。午门有时也会作为举行喜庆活动的场所。每年农历正月十五的元宵节，这儿要张灯结彩、“放灯”三天，并且允许平民百姓来赏灯游玩，显示皇家于民同乐、普天同庆的太平景象。然而，说到这午门，大家都会想到“退出午门斩首”这句话吧。其实，这句话纯属误传，北京当时的刑场在南城的菜市口。那这句话是怎样传出来的呢过去大臣们和皇帝在朝堂上议政，经常出现意见不和的情景。在明朝时，皇帝就能够把触犯他的大臣拉到午门外用竹子打屁股。这叫廷杖。千万不要小看这竹子，它是一种碗口粗的毛竹，里面还要灌上水银，据说是为了加大杀伤力，几杖下去就能皮开肉绽。被打的人不死也要终生残疾。这种恐怖的事情从皇宫传到民间，就逐渐变成“推出午门斩首”了。

神武门故宫的北门。这座门故去除了供帝后妃嫔、太监、宫女们进进出出外，还是击鼓报时的场地。当年这门楼上有一支大鼓和一口大钟，每夜有专人值班击鼓报更。那里说的更，是过去人们对夜间的计时方法，一更约为两个小时，一夜分五更。夜里11点到第二天1点，正是三更的时候，所以就有了“三更半夜”或“半夜三更”的说法。每一天夜幕降临后，在击鼓报初更之前，先要敲钟108响。楼高夜静，紫禁城里的人们，都能听到这钟鼓声。

东华门是整个明代皇宫的东门，与西华门一东一西，遥相对应。东华门与西华门不像午门与神武门那样处于正南正北方为，而是处于靠近东南、西南方位。

西华门是紫禁城的西门，门外与东华门一样矗立着一块下马石碑。这个门的职能与东华门相同，是大臣们上朝进宫出入的必经之地，或许因为出入东华门要经过一大片马厩的缘故，大多数朝臣一般进出皇宫都走西华门。清代皇帝和太后平时出宫游玩也多走西华门。

角楼在紫禁城高高的城墙上，有四座小巧别致、精美无比的角楼。它们像四颗明珠，镶嵌在高大的城墙上，它们不仅仅是我国，也是世界上的建筑精品。这角楼的建筑十分复杂，它一共有三层檐。关于这角楼的建造，还有一个故事呢，我来说说吧。相传，明朝的永乐皇帝在修建皇宫时，特意指定要在紫禁城的死角，各建造一座“九梁十八柱七十二脊”的角楼，并且限期100天，盖不好要杀头。谁也没有见过这么复杂的建筑阿，这可难坏了全国各地的能工巧匠。眼看皇帝的限期就要到了，工匠们愁的都吃不下饭。这是，来了一个卖蝈蝈的老头儿。他那蝈蝈笼子十分精致漂亮，大家都为过去看那巧夺天工的笼子。有个工匠不自觉的数起笼子上的玉米秸，“一根梁，两根梁…..”一数，一共是九根横粱、十八根柱子、七十二个脊。哎，这部正式咱们要盖的角楼吗!大家十分兴奋，突然想起卖蝈蝈的老头儿，可一看，老头儿不见了。工匠们七嘴八舌的说，这是鲁班爷显灵，来救我们了。于是，工匠们如期建好了角楼。

护城河和金水河紫禁城城垣的外围围绕着一条宽52米，深6米的护城河，河岸陡直，由条石砌成，俗称筒子河。清代护城河的北、东、西三面内侧建有守卫围房732间，戒备森严。护城河水的源头是京西的玉泉山，玉泉山水经过颐和园、运河、西直门的高梁桥，流到市中心的后海，然后从地安门的步梁桥下分出支流，经景山西门的地道进入护城河。从康熙朝开始在护城河中种莲藕，农历七月，荷花盛开，十分壮观。收获的莲子和莲藕除交给宫中食用外，剩余的拿到市场上卖，所得银子作为小花销。嘉庆以后开始出租给人养荷收取租金。故宫周围有两条金水河，一条是内金水河，一条是外金水河。外金水河在天安门前，其水系来自护城河西边的河段，护城河河水到达宫墙西南角后，进入地道，在从织女桥流出，绕过社稷坛，从外金水桥流过，经牛郎桥向东过天妃闸，流出皇城。内金水河的水是从神武门西边的地道引入的护城河河水，河水沿内廷西区供电墙外向南流，在慈宁花园墙外向东南转，蜿蜒经武英殿，在太和门前广场构成一个优美的拱形渠，然后转向北流经文渊阁，在銮驾库的西边流出皇宫。整条内金水河在皇宫里绵延20__多米，河上共有大大小小21座桥，还有10多处涵洞。内金水河除有排泄雨水、方便宫中取水、消防等实际功能之外，增加

精致也是其中不可忽视的因素。

太和门和三大殿

太和门朋友们，到了皇宫，您必须想明白皇帝上早朝的地方吧，太和门，就是明朝“御门听证”的地方。所谓御门听证，就是大家所说的上早朝，由皇帝和大臣们讨论、处理国家大事。在人们的印象中，皇帝上朝都是在威严的大殿里，其实不然。每一天清晨，皇帝从后宫出来，坐在这太和门种.种摆放的龙椅上。王公大臣们按照文东武西的顺序，站在门下的广场上，向皇帝奏事。皇帝身边站着当班的内阁学士，负责记录皇帝的意见，退朝后再稍加整理，颁行天下，这就是我们常说的“圣旨”或“上谕”，国家的日常事务就在这太和门商量决定了。说到那里，也许您会想到：在露天的门外办公，万一刮风下雨怎样办呢其实别说刮风下雨，就是平常那里也不打舒服。但按当时的规定：皇帝和大臣们每一天都要上早朝。可是，制度是死的，人是活的。封建社会每个朝代的头一两个皇帝一般都还比较勤奋，后代的皇帝就贪图享乐，把祖父辈打江山时的艰辛和治天下短裤新都抛到脑后了。明朝也不例外，中后期的万历皇帝竟长达24年不临朝。历史学家曾说过“明之亡，则亡于神宗”就是说明朝的灭亡正是从这位明神宗开始的。到清朝的时候，将御门听证改在故宫的乾清门。

金水桥在太和殿前面有五座精致的汉白玉石桥，这就是著名的金水桥。您明白它为什么叫“金水桥”吗我先说桥下这条河的水，它来自京城西面的玉泉山，从紫禁城的西北进入，东南流出。而古人推崇阴阳五行学说，就是金木水火土这五种物质，认为“西”这个方位在五行中属金，所以取名“金水河”，那上头的桥自然就叫“金水桥”了，我们都明白，天安门外也有金水桥，那是外金水桥，而我们眼前的是内金水桥，这金水河不光起到了装饰庭院的作用，也是紫禁城里重要的消防水源和排水渠道，故宫中的水源是很少的，一旦宫殿着火，金水河里的水就十分珍贵了。

太和殿在宽阔的太和门广场上，广场中间有一条青白石铺成的御道，这条御道当年仅有皇帝才能走。从太和门广场北望，在那高大、漂亮的汉白玉台基上，有座雄伟的建筑叫太和殿，也就是老百姓所说的金銮殿。这汉白玉台基高达8米，比此刻的两层楼还要高。修建这么高的台基，为的就是造成大殿的雄壮感。咱们国家古建筑的主体是木结构，而木材本身又不可能很高大，于是聪明的工匠采用高大的石台基将大殿托起，以增强气势。在紫禁城所有宫殿中，以这座金銮殿最受尊崇，当年最高级别的仪式和大典都在那里举行。比如说，皇帝登基、大婚、册立皇后，还有在发生战争时派将出征，都要在太和殿举行十分隆重地典礼活动。其中最为隆重的就是登基大典，皇帝要那里理解百官和外国使臣的朝贺。此外一年当中的三个大节庆，也就是元旦、冬至和万寿节，皇帝也要在那里举行盛大的宴会。其实这个元旦不是咱们此刻的新年，而是农历的大年初一_—春节。冬至是一年当日光照时间最短的一天，古人认为这是阳长阴消的日子，值得大庆。所以皇帝要在冬至那天到天坛祭天，次日在太和殿理解王公大臣的朝贺，而万寿节则是当朝皇帝自我的生日。您可能在电视剧中看到过举行大典的场景把，这广场的两要布置雄壮的仪仗队，文武百官就跪在这御道的

两旁。而皇帝是坐在太和殿内的宝座上，理解官员们的叩拜大礼的。既然太和殿的地位这么重要，在建筑规格上自然就是最高、最大的了。它的建筑面积是2377平方米。不仅仅在紫禁城内，就是从全国范围看，也是现存最大的木结构宫殿。从它的屋脊到地面，高达35米，比此刻的10层楼房还要高。讲到那里，不知您是否注意到这么一个问题。您看，这么大的一个广场，怎样连一颗树也没有原先，这是为了突出三大殿的壮观和皇帝的尊严。您想一想，如果那里松柏参天，三大殿掩映在树荫之中，那还能有此刻这种气势马再者说，那里是举行重大典礼的地方，要求格外庄严肃穆。如果有了树木，仪仗和百官的站位都会受到影响，将有损于典礼的严肃性。如此说来，是这些宫殿建筑的功能，决定了那里不能种树。在太和殿的汉白玉台基上，有许多青铜鼎，其实那时香炉，因为它们是模仿周朝的鼎造的，所以叫鼎式炉。三层石台上共有18个香炉，象征着清朝的18个行省。每当大典时，就在香炉腹部装上香料，然后将香料点燃，18个香炉就一齐散出缕缕青烟，使太和殿显得更加神秘庄严。太和殿外面两边平台的两个角落，各有一件汉白玉雕凿的器具。在一块圆石板上，中间插一根铁针，周围刻有刻度。当太阳升起时，铁针的投影指向哪个时刻，就表示是什

么时辰了。它叫日晷，是古代的一种计时工具。与日晷对称的位置，是一座石头亭子，它叫嘉量。在嘉量的里面石斛(hu)、斗、升、合(ge)、龠(yue)五种计量器具，一向到近代，人们还常用斗和升来称量东西。为什么要把这两件器具摆放在这儿呢那里面有很深的文化内涵。在中国古代，时间和度量衡是非超重要的，它代表上天的旨意和国家的统一。在世间，仅有天子才能代表上天，行使规定时间和计量的权力，它们象征着皇权的至高无上。摆放在日晷和嘉量旁边的统龟、铜鹤是举行大典时熏香用的，但还有必须的寓意。我们都明白，龟、鹤是长寿的动物，在太和殿的两边摆放上龟、鹤，象征着国运永昌。我们都明白故宫有8700多间房子，而这太和殿，就有55间，这是怎样回事呢因为在古代，我们把四根柱子之间算一间屋子，而太和殿是横11间、纵5间，就是55间了。所以说，整个故宫也只是由几百座宫殿。摆放在太和殿中平台上的龙椅，就是民间俗称的金銮宝座。它是用紫檀木制成，从明朝到清朝一向是用。这宝座的宽度大大超过高度，给人一种十分稳定的感觉，象征着皇权安稳、江山永固。大殿里的柱子，靠近金銮宝座的是6根金黄色的柱子，他表面贴的是金箔，6根金柱拱卫着那巨大的龙椅，把皇帝衬托得更加尊贵、庄严。此外还有66根朱红

色的柱子。这些柱子都是用才子东北长白山的红松制成的，每根高12米，直径1米多，两个人都抱可是来。当年没有显得的大型运输工具，要采伐、运输这么的木材，实在是一件十分艰难的事情。在太和殿的天花板上，有一个盘龙藻井。这“藻井”是古建筑中的名称，就是指天花板中间镂孔雕刻的一块。太和殿的藻井是一条蟠龙，就叫蟠龙藻井。在这龙嘴的下头，吊着一个亮晶晶的圆球，它叫“轩辕镜”。这个东西可大有讲究，您听说过“炎黄子孙”这个词吧。传说古代有炎、黄两帝，而咱们现代人都是它们的后代，所以中国人都说自我是炎黄子孙。而过去的皇上也自认为是黄帝的继承者和接班人。这个传说中的黄帝号“轩辕氏”，而皇上在宝座的正上方悬挂一个轩辕镜，表示自我三正统黄帝，并且有轩辕氏的保佑。太和殿地面上铺的是一种亮亮的方砖。您听说过紫禁城“金砖墁地”吗指的就是这种“金砖”。这种砖并不是拿黄金制成的，那它为什么会叫金砖呢这种砖是在今日苏州附近的御窑村烧制的。因为是专门为京城烧制的，所以叫“京砖”。可是南方人发“京”这个字音时，听起来像是黄金的“金”字。久而久之，这京砖被叫成金砖了。虽说这砖不是用黄金制成，可是由于它的制作方法独特，工艺复杂，它的质地更像大理石一样细密、坚

固，尽管经历了几百年的摩擦，依然光亮如镜，再加上烧制、铺墁这种砖的费用也是很高的，所以，冠以“金砖”的美名，也是名副其实。

中和殿太和殿后面有一座四四方方、象亭子一样的建筑，是中和殿。它是黄帝在大典之前的休息室。每次大典前，皇帝从后宫出来，在中和殿稍作停留。当太和殿所有的仪式都准备好后，有专门的人来导引着皇帝，沿中间的御道，从太和殿的后门走近去。当皇帝一落座，就要焚香、奏乐、响鞭，整个大典便开始了。由于那里是皇帝大典之前做准备工作的地方，所以他在之后逐渐成为举行各种祭祀、典礼时的准备场所。在各种祭祀活动中，有一项很特殊，那就是每年春天的祭农。每年春分，皇帝要到先农坛，那里有一块皇帝的“自留地”，就是咱们俗称的“一亩三分地”。平常有专门的官员管理，但到了春分那天，皇帝要亲自到这块田地上，扶扶犁，锄锄地，这叫行“亲耕礼”，祈求五谷丰登。皇帝在去先农坛之前，要在中和殿举行一个仪式，看一看他要用的农具，这也反映皇帝对农业的重视。当然了，中和殿还有其他用途。比如皇帝要在那里阅视家谱。皇族和老百姓一样，也有自我的家谱，皇帝的家谱叫“玉牒”。玉是玉器的玉，牒是通牒的牒，每隔十年重修一次。那里要说明一句，皇帝的家谱虽名为玉牒，但并不是用玉制成的，也是用纸张书写，只是为了强调皇帝家谱的高贵，才称为玉牒。中和殿的另一个用途，是皇帝在那里为皇太后上徽号

。皇帝为了表示孝道，要在寿庆和节日给皇太后上一些吉祥的称号，叫做徽号。像我们熟悉的“慈禧”“慈安”就是徽号。

保和殿是一座十分著名的宫殿，在明清两朝，那里是皇家的高级宴会厅。每逢重大节日和帝后生日，皇帝都要在那里宴请文武百官，以示庆贺。一些少数民俗的领袖，像西藏的高僧，蒙古王公来皇宫，皇帝也要在那里设宴款待，以示笼络。公主出嫁，皇帝也要在那里宴请亲家，表示对他们的尊重。然而，保和殿在读书人的心目中，地位是最高的，因为从清朝乾隆年间开始，保和殿拥有了一项更加重要的职能，成为中国科举考试的最高一级殿试的考场。老百姓所熟知的状元，就是从这座大殿里考出来的。朝为放牛郎，暮登天子堂。将相本无种，男儿当自强!您听过这首童谣吗它的前两句是说一个青年早上还在为地主放牛，晚上就到天子堂来考试了。而“天子堂”，指的就是这保和殿。那里形容读书人的一步登天，其实当年可不是这样的。在当年，能够到这座大殿内参加考试，就应经是十分十分不容易了。因为来到那里的考生，都是从全国众多学子中，经过从地方到京城层层考试选出来的。一个读书人，熟读“四书五经”之后，首先要中秀才。中了秀才就是读书人，到县衙大堂，见县官就不用跪了。秀才要去省会城市考试考“乡试”，考中为举人，举人就能够做县令之类的小官了，社会地位也会得到很大的提升。您还记得吗，在电视剧《铁齿痛牙纪

晓岚》里就有秀才参加乡试，考官们徇私舞弊的情节。其实，中举对于科举之路来说，只是万里长征走完了第一步。举人们还要到京城的国子监去考“会试”。然后才有资格到这座宫殿参加考试，所以叫“殿试”。“殿”就是保和殿的“殿”。殿试每三年举行一次，由皇帝亲自主考。从早上考到晚上，整整一天。阅卷工作全部结束，皇帝要在太和殿进行一个隆重的发榜仪式，称之为“金殿传胪”。所有参加殿试的贡生们都云集在太和广场，皇帝亲自在大典上宣读前三名的名字。考中第一名的称为状元，第二，第三名称为榜眼和探花。这三个人能够很荣耀的从午门正中的门洞走出紫禁城，这是皇帝对他们的恩宠。

云龙石雕故宫中，在许多宫殿的前台都有石雕，用浮雕的手法刻出游龙、翔凤等图案。这些石雕主要为了装饰，显示皇家的威严和气派。在这些大大小小的石雕中，保和殿后也就是台阶中间的云龙石雕是最大的一块。石雕的图案，从上到下，刻着九条形态各异、栩栩如生的游龙，嬉戏于云海之中，十分生动、精美。这块石雕是用一块完整的大青石雕成的，此刻长16.57米，宽3.07米，平均厚度1.70米，重量达200多吨。这块石料是采自北京房山区的大石窝村，距离紫禁城有100多华里。在500多年前，没有任何现代化运输工具的情景下，是如何从百里之外将这么巨大的石头完整的运来的呢这是一个十分趣味的话题。简单地说，就是借助冰，是用拉旱船的办法拖过来的。工匠们从紫禁城到大石窝村，每隔一里地打一口井。到了严冬季节，从井里把水提上来，泼在路面上，就这样波一条100多华里的冰道。我们明白，饼面上的摩擦力小的多。就是这种能够情景下，仍然动用了两万多名民工、几千匹骡马，用了近一个月时间，耗银11万两，才把这块大石头拉进紫禁城里，其艰难程度可想而知。每个人站在它面前，都不得不从心底叹服古代劳动人民的勤劳和智慧。

铜缸故宫里有许多大缸，您想这些大缸是做什么用的呢这些缸是储水防火用的，故宫里此刻总共有308口铜缸或铁缸，分散在各个宫殿附近。故宫的缸都有一个特点，缸底的石基都留有一个方口。因为北京的冬天很冷，户外的水很容易结冰，所以入冬以后，专门有太监来管理这些缸。在缸的外面套上棉套，上头盖上缸盖，低下烧上炭火，一向烧到惊蛰时节气温回升了才撤火，基座下的方口就是烧炭的炭口。这些缸大部分都是用青铜铸成的，缸外面是镏金的，一口缸要用黄金约3公斤。金灿灿的镏金铜缸衬着红墙，十分华贵气派。可是，如果我们走到前朝宫殿旁边，会发现那里的缸表面只留下了斑斑的黄迹。这是怎样回事呢说道这儿，我要讲一段令人心酸的历史了。100多年前，也就是公元1900年，八国联军以镇压义和团的名义，侵略北京。当他们进入紫禁城后，对宫廷物品进行了大肆劫掠，抢走了数不清的玉器、玛瑙、佛像，许多珍贵图书、档案也被破坏。这些大缸表面，金灿灿的黄金夜难逃此劫。贪婪的侵略者用刺刀把缸表面的镏金一点点刮去，留下横七竖八的刀痕，引起我们痛苦的回忆，提醒我们要勿忘国耻，自强不息!

欢迎大家来到这!我是你们的导游，我姓x，大家可以叫我小x。为了便于大家参观游玩，下面我首先大家介绍一下

龙潭景区坐落在井冈山北面，黄洋界南麓，距茨坪7公里。这是一个以群瀑集聚为显著特色的景区，素有“五潭十八瀑”之称。主要游览景点有：龙潭、金狮面、小井红军医院、小井红军伤病员殉难处等。“五潭十八瀑”潭潭无俗水，瀑瀑似神女，随景畅想曲，千姿心中意。

龙潭景区坐落在井冈山北面，黄洋界南麓，距茨坪7公里。这是一个以群瀑集聚为显著特色的景区，素有“五潭十八瀑”之称。主要游览景点有：龙潭、金狮面、小井红军医院、小井红军伤病员殉难处等。“五潭十八瀑”潭潭无俗水，瀑瀑似神女，随景畅想曲，千姿心中意。揽云台，将云彩怀抱，似蓬莱天台。这里悬岩峭壁，常年云腾雾绕，称为揽云台。往峡谷中观看，可见“思远”而字，嶙峋石壁如抓，称为“龙爪”，古树奇花缀满山谷，令人生出奇险之感。丛林之中，羞藏小家碧玉。碧玉潭的瀑布水从小井山涧五神河溪水飞流直下，犹如一条白练凌空垂挂，喷珠吐玉，气势磅礴。瀑布跌水高近70米，崖壁中段褶皱，酷似一观音坐在蓬花上，在帘中沐浴;又似一座观音坐莲，侧左身双手捧着净水瓶将甘露洒向人间。这是井冈山最壮观的瀑布之一。

大珠小珠落玉潭。第三潭叫珍珠潭。瀑布从高空倾泻而下，落差30余米，激起潭面水花四射，如同串串珍珠，在阳光下闪灼耀眼，美丽无比。五龙潭和金狮面两个景区组成，是以自然与人文景观相结合的景区。五神河是龙潭“五潭十八瀑”的源泉。溪水冲击小井峡谷后，陡然跌落绝壁之下，又连续飞下四级断崖，形成梯状的五个气势磅礴的瀑布和深潭，这就是碧玉、金锁、珍珠、飞凤、仙女等五潭五瀑。

临龙潭，观海台，“日月之行，若出其中;星汉灿烂，若出其里。”进入景区约一百米，但见一块三面凌空的巨石伸向半空，称为“观海台”或观景台。一眼望去，有如碧海，时有山岚云霭布满山谷。旁有巨石如鹰，称为鹰嘴岩，酷似雄鹰展翅飞向大海。

锁龙潭又称金锁潭，金锁潭的瀑布掩映在深邃的幽谷和杜鹊林中，水声谙哑，碧水泱泱，汀芷竞秀，委婉动人，好似未出阁的龙女锁在深闺，羞于见人，特别耐人寻味。

将云彩怀抱，似蓬莱天台。这里悬岩峭壁，常年云腾雾绕，称为揽云台。往峡谷中观看，可见“思远”而字，嶙峋石壁如抓，称为“龙爪”，古树奇花缀满山谷，令人生出奇险之感。

Dujiangyan is located in the town of dujiangyan irrigation mouth chengdu city, sichuan province, is China construction in the ancient and use of large water conservancy project, known as "the ancestor of the world water conservancy culture", is the national famous tourist resort. Usually think, dujiangyan water conservancy project is by the state of qin shu satrap bing and his son leads to built around 256 BC, is so far, all over the world s most long, the only thing left, is characterized by no dam diversion of water conservancy project, is also a national key cultural relics protection units.

Scenic spot dujiangyan water conservancy project makes full use of local geographical conditions of high northwest, southeast low, according to the mountain rivers in special terrain, water vein, water potential, return pattern, no dam diversion, gravity irrigation, the embankment, water, water, sand, curtains on interdependence, for system, to ensure the water flood control, irrigation, water transportation and social comprehensive benefits into full play. After the completion of dujiangyan, the chengdu plain lies thousands of miles, "province.with from people, do not know famine, when no famine," tianfu ". Culture has a great development of the economy in sichuan province. Its greatest dam was built two thousand years enduring, and it plays a more and more big. Dujiangyan to create, in order to does not destroy the natural resources, make full use of natural resources for human services for the premise, change for profit. Hub of dujiangyan irrigation system is mainly composed of fish mouth, fly sand dam, BaoPingKou three major projects. All organic coordination and restraining each other, coordinated operation, water diversion irrigation fields, the flood disaster reduction, with the effect of "hexagon, flat flow drought". The best travel time dujiangyan annual temperature is higher, annual average temperature 12 ~ 20 ℃, in hot summer and warm winter, the four seasons is not obvious, the four seasons are suitable for tourism.

History and culture of dujiangyan to create, not to destroy the natural resources, make full use of natural resources for human services for the premise, change for profit, make the person highly synergistic, land, water, the world has so far only a great "ecological engineering". Ushered in a new era in the history of Chinese ancient history of water conservancy, marked the history of water conservancy in China has entered a new stage, wrote a glorious chapter in the history of water conservancy. The dujiangyan irrigation project, is the crystallization of the wisdom of ancient people in China, is an epoch-making masterpiece of Chinese culture. The dujiangyan irrigation project. Long after 2260 years, the worlds very long time, the only thing left, is characterized by no dam diversion of water conservancy project. It is the most successful in the history of Chinese ancient water conservancy works, especially the ancient water conservancy project in use today, "the past", only the wonders. With the construction of roughly the same time than the irrigation system, the family of ancient Egypt and Cuba and Chinas shaanxi zhengguo canal and guangxi, the efficacious canal and the passage of time, because of the sea change or annihilation, or failure, only the town of dujiangyan, with the construction of long standing and well established, fertile land, white still moistens land of abundance.

By the dujiangyan with a strong local color of dujiangyan water culture including hydrology, water, water theology relics, such as "two Kings temple", "FuLong view" and "viewing" in cultural landscape; Bing of the eastern han dynasty unearthed stone mining and rebuilding fish mouth "shown" stone carving; Sing psalms to bing and his son dragon harnessing of folklore and has certain religious theology color ritual activities; And the resulting offering water, offering god, offering people the poem, ci, calligraphy and painting of hydrology and so on, forming the unique dujiangyan water culture. Dujiangyan, a stone tablet, engraved with "deep pan beach, low weir" words.

Dujiangyan is located in the west of dujiangyan city, sichuan province, is located in the minjiang river in the west of the chengdu plain. Dujiangyan water conservancy project was built in 256 BC, is so far, all over the world s most long, the only thing left, is characterized by no dam diversion of water conservancy projects. Is a national key cultural relics protection units. Near dujiangyan, beautiful scenery and numerous cultural relics, there are mainly FuLong view, the two Kings temple, peaceful bridge, which, from the pile of park, which mountain park and lingyan temple, etc.

The dujiangyan irrigation project by the creation of yuzui water-dividing dike, fly sand dam spillway, BaoPingKou irrigating gate three main engineering and baizhang dike, herringbone dam and other accessory works. Scientifically solved the automatic water distributary and desilting, control the water flow, flood, eliminates the make western sichuan plain "severe" from the mans "land of abundance". More than two thousand years, has played a flood control and irrigation. By 1998, dujiangyan irrigation area has reached more than 40 counties, irrigated area of 668700 hectares.

Fish mouth is built in jiangxin water dam, the minjiang river surge is divided into outer and neijiang, jiang outside having, jiang baopingkou water diversion irrigation. Fly sand dam up xie hong, desilting and adjust the action of water. BaoPingKou control water flow, the shape of the mouth for such as bottlenecks, therefore calls BaoPingKou. In the river after BaoPingKou into the western sichuan plain irrigation farmland. From the hills hill part of truncation, which is called "from the heap.

Dujiangyan water conservancy project makes full use of local geographical conditions of high northwest, southeast low, according to the mountain rivers in special terrain, water vein, water potential, return pattern, no dam diversion, gravity irrigation, the embankment, water, water, sand, curtains on interdependence, for system, to ensure the water flood control, irrigation, water transportation and social comprehensive benefits into full play. After the completion of dujiangyan, the chengdu plain lies thousands of miles, "province.with from people, do not know famine, when no famine," tianfu ". Culture has a great development of the economy in sichuan province. Its greatest dam was built two thousand years enduring, and it plays a more and more big. Dujiangyan to create, in order to does not destroy the natural resources, make full use of natural resources for human services for the premise, change for profit, make the person, the land, water three highly harmonious and unified.

Dujiangyan project remain, so far still plays a job. With the enlargement of the scope of the development of science and technology and irrigation area, begin from 1936, gradually switch to slurry concrete build by laying bricks or stones pebble technology of ancient project for repair, reinforcement, add some of the water conservancy facilities, the engineering layout and ancient weir are crowded "deep, low weir tao beach", "return pattern, since the", "cutting Angle, every heart is pumping in bay" and other valuable hasnt changed, dujiangyan water conservancy project to become the worlds best model of water resource utilization. Water conservancy experts, after carefully watched the whole project design of its height more than the scientific level of marvel. Such as sand weir design is a good use of the theory of swirling flow. The weir, at ordinary times can be irrigated, flooding can drain into the river, but also the role of sand and gravel, sometimes big stones can roll away from the weir. There were no cement, for such a big engineering is use local materials, using bamboo cages packed pebble as weir, expenses in province, effect is remarkable.

Dujiangyan scenic in this area, there are many places of interest, it is an ideal tourist attraction. Dujiangyan one with two Kings temple, FuLong view, peaceful bridge such as places of historic interest.

Two Kings temple is located in minjiang river right bank slopes, the former in dujiangyan, a former memory of the king of shu emperor temple, JiJianWu (A.D. 494-498) when the change of si bing and his son, renamed the "chong DE temple". After the song dynasty (960-1279), emperor bing and his son have been ChiFeng is king, so be called "two Kings temple". Temple in the main sanctuary dedicated has the statue of bing and his son, and treasure water conservancy quotes, poet inscriptions, and so on.

FuLong view the heap of the park. Legend bing water conservancy were here when the surrender dragon, existing triple temple and QianDian are neutral during the eastern han dynasty (25-220 AD) the bing stone carving. Inside and weir work statues of the eastern han dynasty, tang dynasty Jin Xian and princess YuZhen relic - fly Long Ding when qingcheng mountain monastery.

Peaceful Bridges also known as "peaceful bridge", "bridge". Was built in the song dynasty. In dujiangyan, fish mouth, is known as "five Bridges" in ancient China, is the most typical landscape of dujiangyan. Bridge to raft stone retainer, hanging from a thick bamboo cable cross river on board for the deck, on both sides with bamboo rope to bar, total length of about 500 meters. The late Ming dynasty (17th century AD) was destroyed by fire. Now the bridge concrete pile for cable.

Is not only a world-famous dujiangyan water conservancy project in ancient China, is also a famous scenic spot. In 1982, dujiangyan, sichuan qingcheng mountain - dujiangyan scenic area as an important part of it was approved by the state council listed in the first list of state-level scenic spots. On May 8, 20xx, chengdu - dujiangyan qingcheng mountain scenic spots by the national tourism administration approval for the state 5 - tourist scenic spot.

According to the UN convention on the protection of world cultural and natural heritage the second paragraph of article 1 of the regulations on cultural heritage definition: "building: from the historical, artistic or scientific perspective in architecture, distributed evenly, or combined with environment landscape has outstanding universal value of monomer or connection of buildings". Dujiangyan water conservancy engineering with a long history, large-scale, layout reasonable, scientific operation, combination, in harmony with the environment in history and science has outstanding universal value, in 20xx the United Nations conference on the world heritage committee the 24th dujiangyan was identified as the world cultural heritage.

各位游客，大家好。我是这次旅游的导游李博轩。我很荣幸能够带领大家去故宫旅游。

现在展现在我们面前的就是气势雄伟的古代宫殿—故宫了。大家看这四面就是宫墙，而且宫墙四面都建有高大的城门，南为午门也就是故宫正门，北为神武门，东为东华门，西为西华门，这宫墙四“门”的角楼都是风格独特、造型绮丽的。

现在请跟我一起去故宫中最大的宫殿太和殿看看!这里是明、清皇帝召见百官、发号施令、举行庆典的地方。全殿面阔11间，进深5间，外有廊柱，殿内外共立72根大柱。殿高35米，殿内净空高达14米，宽63米，面积2377平方米，为全国最大的木构大殿。

我再给大家介绍介绍其他的宫殿吧!

现在我们来到了中和殿。中和殿是为帝王去太和殿途中的演习礼仪之地。保和殿，是皇帝宴请外藩王公贵族和京中文武大臣之处。我们再来看看文华殿。它是明代皇太子读书处。乾清门是故宫中外朝和内廷的分界处，由此向北便是内廷。乾清宫是明、清皇帝居住和处理政务的地方。慈宁宫就是皇上住的地方。你们看过《还珠格格》这部电视剧吗?它就是在故宫里拍的。

规划严整，气魄宏伟，极为壮观，这就是我国的故宫。无论在平面布局，立体效果以及形式上的雄伟、堂皇、庄严、和谐，都属无与伦比的杰作。它标志着我国悠久的文化传统，显示着500余年前我国在建筑艺术上的卓越成就。

现在大家可以自由参观，可是我要提醒大家一定要注意保持故宫环境。

Hello friends, where are we going to visit today? (Wuyuan) Yes, Wuyuan isknown as "the most beautiful village in China". There is a rich historical andcultural background and beautiful natural scenery, which is a perfectcombination of natural landscape and cultural landscape.

In Wuyuan, traditional culture and green ecology get the most naturalintegration. Now Id like to introduce the general situation of Wuyuan. Wuyuanis located in the northeast of Jiangxi Province, at the junction of Jiangxi,Anhui and Zhejiang provinces. She is like a "green pearl" inlaid in the goldentriangle of Huangshan, Sanqingshan and Jingdezhen tourism. The county covers anarea of 2947 square kilometers, including 11 towns and 15 townships, with apopulation of 325600. The county is located in Ziyang town. Wuyuan has a longhistory.

Now, tourists, do you have a question: isnt this a paradise for birds? Whydont you have a bird? If so, lets have a hand now. As long as you clap yourhand, the birds will swarm out. Look! Big, small, flowery, black, some areflapping their wings, some are feeding the birds, some are combing theirfeathers. Listen! That thrush sings a beautiful song!

Although there are thousands of birds on the trees, the most striking onesare white crane and grey Mahe. White crane flies out to forage in the morningand returns to nest in the evening, while grey crane flies out to forage in theevening and returns to nest at daybreak. They go in and out in the morning andevening every day, alternating, and the scene is quite spectacular.

In late May 1935, Liu Bochengs advance troops of the first red armyquickly marched into Anshun square and prepared to cross the Dadu River byforce. On the evening of May 24, 1935, the first regiment of the first divisionof the first Red Army Corps, led by Liu Bocheng and Nie Rongzhen, arrived inMaanshan. As they were preparing to rest, they suddenly received an order fromthe headquarters to attack the Anshun ferry not far away and cross the DaduRiver by force. So Liu Bocheng and others decided to let the first battalion setout immediately, seize Anshun square first, and then carry out forcedcrossing.

As early as in ancient times, there were three Miao tribes living here.During the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, it belongedto the state of Wu. After the unification of Qin Shihuang, it belonged toZhangjun. The county was first established in the 28th year of Kaiyuan (740A.D.) of Tang Dynasty, with a history of more than 1200 years. After theestablishment of Wuyuan County, it belonged to Shezhou from the Tang Dynasty tothe Five Dynasties, Xinan County of Huizhou in the Song Dynasty, Huizhou roadin the Yuan Dynasty, Huizhou government in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, AnhuiProvince until September 1934, and then Jiangxi Province. In August 1947, it wasagain designated as Anhui Province. On May 1, 1949, Wuyuan was liberated andclassified as Jiangxi Province. Although the subordinate relationship haschanged several times, it is still an integral part of Huizhou culture.

Wang Bo of the Tang Dynasty praised Nanchang for its "natural treasures andoutstanding people". As a matter of fact, Wuyuan, where Zhong lingyuxiu lived,is not like this. The literary style of Wuyuan has flourished in the pastdynasties, the scholars have gathered together, the famous doctors and craftsmenhave many talents. Zhu Xi, a famous Neo Confucianist and educator in theSouthern Song Dynasty, whose hometown is here, left an extremely valuablecultural heritage for the worlds future generations through his lifetime ofhard work; Zhu Bian, a famous doctor and writer in the Southern Song Dynasty,lived up to his mission in Jijin for 16 years; Jiang Zhe, a famous doctor in theSong Dynasty, was called to Beijing many times to treat the emperors diseases;Zhu Bian, a famous doctor and writer in the Southern Song Dynasty, lived up tohis mission; There are Wang Wei, the Minister of the Ministry of official andthe Minister of the Ministry of military affairs, he Zhen, the seal cutter ofthe WAN school in the Ming Dynasty, Yu Maoxue and Yu maoheng, the official andupright ministers, Jiang Yong, the famous Confucian classics and phonologist inthe Qing Dynasty, and Qi Yanhuai, the astronomer who created the astronomicalclock and astrometer.

There are many celebrities in modern times, such as railway engineer ZhanTianyou, who is known as "the glory of Chinese people", designed and builtChinas first railway; famous educator and Buddhist Jiang Qian; modern medicalexpert Cheng menxue, etc. According to historical records: from the Song Dynastyto the late Qing Dynasty, 550 Jinshi were admitted to the county, and 2665 wereappointed as officials at all levels. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there wasa saying of "nine Jinshi in one school and four Shangshu in six departments";todays "four professors in one school" and "three Kunzhong scientists" are alsowell-known. There are more than 3100 handed down works left by scholars of alldynasties, among which 172, with a total of 1487 volumes, have been selectedinto Sikuquanshu. Therefore, Wuyuan is well-known as the "hometown ofbooks".

Dear friends, why is todays Wuyuan known as the most beautiful village? Inaddition to her rich and profound history and culture, it also benefits from herbeautiful natural environment. Wuyuan is a mountainous county, known as "eighthalf mountain, one field, half waterway and Manor", is a typical mountainouscounty in the south of the Yangtze River. It belongs to the humid climate zonein the middle subtropical zone, with an annual average temperature of 16.7 ℃.The highest peak in the county is Dazhang mountain in the north, and the mainpeak, Leigu peak, is 1630 meters above sea level. The ancients said that Dazhangmountain was the place where Zhong Ling was born. Wuyi had a prosperous cultureand a large number of talented people, which was related to the Yuxiu Zhong Lingmountain.

Zheling in the northeast is the boundary between Wu and Chu in the springand autumn and Warring States period. The unique geographical environment andgood sense of ecological protection make the green hills and streams here green.The forest coverage rate of the county is as high as 81.5%, and it is one of theadvanced ecological agriculture counties in China, and has won the title of"national top 100 greening counties". Wuyuan, also known as "tea town", is a keyproduction area and export base of green tea in China. "Wuyuan green tea" isrecorded in the tea classic of Tang Dynasty, which is called "top quality" inSong Dynasty. In Ming and Qing Dynasties, he won silver medal from emperorJiajing and gold medal from Panama International Exposition. The teaEncyclopedia of the United States praised "Wulu" tea as "the best quality ofChinese green tea". "Dazhangshan tea" is the first AA grade green food in China,and has been certified by many EU organic food supervision agencies.

Wuyuan is a famous eco-tourism area in Jiangxi Province and a nationalcultural and eco-tourism demonstration area approved by the National TourismAdministration. What special products does Wuyuan have? Her four-color specialproducts are well-known. The green tea just mentioned is the "green" of the fourcolors, and the other three colors are "red, black and white". Red is thetreasure in the water. It is tender and delicious. When American President Nixonand Japanese Prime Minister Tanaka visited China, they all tasted Wuyuan redcarp. Black is one of the four Ming inkstones in China. It has thecharacteristics of "sound like copper, color like iron, firm and smooth nature,and good at solidifying ink". Li Yu, the empress of the Southern Tang Dynasty,praised him as the "world champion". White is Jiangwan Sydney. It ripens in Juneevery year. The pear has big fruit body, thick flesh, crisp fragrance and sweettaste.

Wuyuan has many scenic spots and historic sites. As early as the Tang andSong Dynasties, it was a famous tourist attraction. Li Bai, Su Dongpo, HuangTingjian, Zhang Dazhi, Zongze, Yue Fei and so on all visited here, and left manypraise poems. There are many famous ancient trees with a long history, a widevariety and a large number of trees; Yuanyang Lake, a paradise for migratorybirds with beautiful scenery; the well preserved Ming and Qing ancient buildingswith stone, brick and wood carvings; rainbow bridge, a simple and magnificentcorridor bridge; Yus ancestral hall, the largest ancestral hall in the south ofthe Yangtze River; and Jiangwan, the ancestral home of President JiangZemin.

Hello everyone! Im your tour guide today. You can call me director Zhang.Our destination today is a paradise for birds. OK, now please get on board.Lets go to birds paradise. While you are on the boat, Id like to introduceyou to birds Paradise: Birds paradise refers to an ancient banyan tree morethan 500 years old, which is located on an island in Tianma River, Tianmavillage, Xinhui City, Guangdong Province. The crown of banyan is surprisinglylarge, covering about 18 mu of the river, with a single tree into a forest.

It was also the location of "shining red star" and "Liaozhai". We canacquire knowledge of historical relics as well as landscape cultivation.

In front of the two estuaries is a fork. 56 kilometers on the left isHailuogou, which goes to the "glacial world". Of course, to see the glaciers,Hailuogous ice waterfall is 1080 meters high and 500-1100 meters wide. Its areais 15 times that of Huangguoshu waterfall in Guizhou Province. It is a hugeglacier steep slope composed of multi-level ice slopes. Glaciers here are in astate of super extension. There are frequent ice avalanches and avalanches allyear round. Its very dangerous. So wed better go to the right side instead ofthe Dadu River to see Luding Bridge. Its very close, only 14 km.

The defenders of Luding Bridge built a strong bridgehead at the east endand removed some boards from the iron rope at the west end. At 4:00 p.m. on the29th, the red army launched a battle to seize the bridge. Twenty two commandosbraved the enemys intensive artillery fire, stepped on the swaying iron rope,held on the iron rope and rushed to the opposite bank. Under their feet is thesurging river, overhead is the enemys roaring bullets, but they forget life anddeath, with overwhelming courage, rushed to the East Bridge to fight with theenemy. Later troops poured in, and at dusk, the advance troops occupied LudingBridge and Luding city. That night, Liu Bocheng led the right troops to LudingBridge. On June 2, all the main forces of the Red Army crossed the Dadu River.The battle of Dadu River ended with the victory of the Red Army.

Historians say: from here we can find the connection point between ancientand modern Chinese history and culture; philosophers say: This is an ideal placeto study the history, culture, economy, art and even the feudal patriarchalsystem of ancient Huizhou; artists say: This is the source of creativeinspiration.

Whats more. On May 29, 20__, President Jiang Zemin, accompanied by ComradeZeng Qinghong, personally visited Wuyuan. President Jiang visited JiangwanCentral Primary School, farmer Jiangs home, retired teacher Jiang Qichangshome, Jinshan tea garden and other places. The purpose of our trip to Wuyuan isto follow Chairman Jiangs footsteps again.

Into heaven, close to birds, lets go to embrace nature, I hope you canfeel all this beautiful heart! Although some reluctant, we still have to leave,thank you for your cooperation!

My friends, Ill introduce the general situation of Wuyuan here, and Illexplain the specific scenic spots in detail. I wish you a happy and fruitfultrip to Wuyuan. thank you!

The old people said that in ancient times, it was known as "Jingdongresort". Many people from inside and outside the pass went here to offerincense. One day, pilgrims got into the cave with torches to see how deep thewater curtain cave was. But its getting narrower and narrower. There are toomany people to accommodate. The pilgrims chose a cake seller and a wax seller tovisit inside, while the others sat in the outer cave waiting.

Hello, everyone! Im your guide. You can call me Xiao Zheng. Today, Imtaking you to Linjinyu, Zhangzhou coastal volcanic Geopark.

Zhangzhou coastal volcanic Geopark includes Linjinyu ancient volcanicisland, Niutoushan ancient volcanic pass, Nanding Island, Yulinshan, etc. Today,I will take you to appreciate the special geological features of Linjinyu, anancient volcanic island.

How did the name "Lin Jin Yu" come from? There is a legend here: long ago,there was a man named Lin Zhen in Changtai County who suffered from leprosy andwas abandoned on this island by his people. He eats the animals and plants onthe island, drinks the water on the island, and concentrates on reading. Later,he recovered from his illness. Soon, he won the number one prize and worked inliupin. He worked in the capital for eight years. He was indifferent to fame andwealth. He was unwilling to flatter and said he was ill. This nameless island iscalled "linzhenyu" by later generations. In order to avoid it, it is also called"Linjinyu".

Now we have landed on Linjinyu, please be careful. Alkaline olivinebasaltic rocks can be seen locally on the island. In the long process ofgeological evolution, a rare volcanic landscape in the world has been formed:first, basaltic rock group with complete mechanism; second, lava lakephenomenon; third, giant columnar joints.

In the middle of the island are lush peaks, 72.7 meters above sea level.The spring on the island is clear, and there are goats running in the forest.The island is surrounded by basaltic rocks formed after volcanic eruption. Onthe islands Beihai beach, you can see that 16 craters are closely connected toform a circular ring, like VCT floppy disks. You feel that you can read itsgreat changes in the past thousands of years. The craters here are small andnumerous, there are giant columnar joints of basalt, and there are neat "giantcolumnar stone forest". How can it be controlled? You can think about it.

The island is full of rocks formed after volcanic eruption. The rocks hereare not as orderly arranged as the "stone pillars" in Niutoushan, but they areof various shapes.

Linjinyu in Zhangzhou coastal volcanic Geopark is an old and energeticisland. It is not only a scientific research base and creative base, but also agood place for sightseeing, leisure and vacation.

Here you are. Next you can visit freely. Please pay attention tosafety.

The birth of the University of Macao can be traced back to March 1981. Atthat time, Ricci Island West Limited obtained the land lease from the Macaogovernment and founded the first university in Macao, the private East AsianUniversity, which is also the predecessor of the University of Macao. Theestablishment of the University of East Asia marks the beginning of Macaosmodern higher education.

In the early years of the University of East Asia, most of its studentscame from Hong Kong. Later, in order to meet the needs of human resources duringthe transition period of Macaos regime transfer, in 1988, the Macao Foundationacquired and reorganized the University of East Asia, established the school ofArts, School of business administration, School of social and human sciences andSchool of science and technology, changed the three-year curriculum to four-yearcurriculum, and then established the school of law and School of education.English is still the main teaching language.

In 1991, the constitution of the new university was formulated, and theUniversity of East Asia was officially renamed as the public university ofMacao, with the goal of cultivating talents in Macao. After the reorganizationof the University, the number of students has risen sharply, from hundreds atthe beginning to more than 5000 at present, and the proportion of local studentsin Macao has increased from 39% when the University was founded to 90% atpresent.

After more than 20 years of transformation, the University of Macau hasestablished a complete teaching system, including the school of businessadministration, the school of social and Human Sciences, the school of scienceand technology, the school of law, the school of education, the preparatorycourse center, and the off campus courses and special programs center. Confersbachelors degree, masters degree, doctors degree and junior college degree.The University of Macau has a faculty of more than 350 people with rich teachingand professional experience. Some of them graduated from famous universities inCanada, China, Europe, Hong Kong, Japan, Chinese Taiwan, Britain and the United States.They have published hundreds of papers in a number of international seminars andinternational academic journals, and three scientific research achievements havebeen patented. At present, the University of Macau has participated in andcompleted ten scientific research projects funded by the National NaturalScience Foundation of China and four Eureka research and development projectsorganized by the European Union.

There are more than 1000 computers and more than 100 workstations andservers with powerful computing power on the campus of the University of Macau,and the largest wireless campus network in Macao has been established. More than40 laboratories are set up to meet the needs of teaching and research. TheInternational Library of the University of Macau is committed to the developmentof electronization. Although there are only more than 180000 books in itscollection, the number of electronic materials is increasing. The library hasthe largest collection of international organizations in Southeast Asia.

The University of Macau is a member of many international universityorganizations, such as the International Association of universities, theInternational Association of university presidents, the Asia Pacific UniversityAssociation, etc. it started international exchanges in 1991. At present, it hassigned academic cooperation or exchange student agreements with more than 90universities in more than 20 countries and regions, including China, Europe,Japan, New Zealand and the United States. More than 100 foreign exchangestudents come to the university every year . In addition to recruiting studentsfrom Hong Kong, Macao and Chinese Taiwan, the university has been able to recruitstudents from 14 provinces and cities in mainland China since 20__. As thepioneer of higher education in Macao, the University of Macao aims at providinghigh-quality higher education in Macao. In response to the requirements ofsocial development in the future, the university will expand teaching buildings,laboratories, offices, research centers, student activity centers anddormitories, and set up courses to meet the needs of social development.

The University of Macau attaches equal importance to teaching andscientific research. In the future, it will continue to make progress towardsthese two goals and be fully prepared to meet all challenges, so as to make theUniversity of Macau an important institution of higher learning withinternational level in the region.

大家好!我叫萌萌，是大家的导游，大家可以叫我萌导。今天，我们要观光世界遗产----北京故宫。

现在我给大家介绍一下。故宫，又称紫禁城，是明清两代的皇宫，故宫是世界是现存规模最大最完整的古代木结构建筑群，为我国现存最大最完整的古代木结构建筑群。它始建于明永乐四年(公元1460年)，厉时十四年才完工，共有24位皇帝先后在此登基。历史很悠久。紫禁城占地72万多平方米，共有宫殿9000多间，都是黄琉璃瓦顶、青白石底座，饰以金碧辉煌的彩画。故宫标志着我们祖国悠久的文化传统，显示着五百多年前匠师们在建筑上的卓越成就。 我们到了，大家请下车。您看，这就是故宫里最吸引人的建筑是三座大殿：太和殿、中和殿和保和殿。它们建在汉白玉砌成的8米高的台基上，远望犹如神话中的琼宫仙阙，都有黄琉璃瓦顶、青白石底座，金碧辉煌的彩画，。第一 座大殿太和殿是最富丽堂皇的建筑，俗称“金銮殿”，是皇帝举行大典的 地方，殿高28米，东西63米，南北35米，柱子是沥粉金漆的蟠龙柱。御座设在殿内高2米的台上，前有造型 美观的仙鹤、炉、鼎，后面有精雕细刻的围屏。整个大殿装饰得金碧辉煌， 庄严绚丽。中和殿是皇帝去太和殿举行大典前稍事休息和演习礼仪的地方。 保和殿是每年除夕皇帝赐宴外藩王公的场所。

接下来我们去故宫博物院吧。跟大家说，故宫博物院藏有大量珍贵文物，据统计总共达1052653件之多， 统称有文物100万件，占全国文物总数的1/6，其中有很多是绝无仅有的国 宝。在几个宫殿中设立了历代艺术馆、珍宝馆、钟表馆等。故宫博物院里有一套清代金银珠云龙纹甲胄，通身缠绕着16条龙，形 状生动，穿插于云朵之间。甲胄是用约60万个小钢片连结起来的，每个钢 片厚约1毫米，长4毫米，宽1.5毫米，钻上小孔，以便穿线连结。据说，为 制造这套甲胄，共用了4万多个工时。

接下来请各位慢慢欣赏故宫。注意有带小孩的家长看好孩子，请大家互相照顾。要保护珍惜文物。祝大家玩得开心，再见!

大家好！我是星星导游社的导游王景瑶，也可以叫我小王。我们今天游览地方是故宫，希望可以和大家度过美好的一天。

故宫又称紫禁城，是明清两代的皇宫，堪称当今世界上无与伦比的建筑杰作。很多人慕名来到故宫，就是为了欣赏中国古代建筑的辉煌与帝王的奢华。

故宫始建于1406年，1420年竣工。这片堪称世界最宏伟的宫殿建筑群，南北长961米，东西宽753米，建筑面积有15.5万平方米，内有大小院落九十多座，房屋980间。都是用上等木材、琉璃瓦顶、青白的石座与各种金碧辉煌的彩画交相辉映，尽显出故宫的富贵荣华。故宫很大，它的庞大往往超出了人们的想象范畴。东华门，午门、西华门、神武门分守故宫东南西北4个方向。故宫内部可分为“外朝“与“内廷“两部分。外朝以太宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫为中心，是皇帝与后妃的住所。后人不远千里迢迢来到这座红色城池前瞻仰、游览、触摸、感怀……

好了，今天我的导游就到这里结束了，下面请大家自己观赏这美丽的风景吧！但是大家一定要记住，请大家不要乱扔果皮，谢谢配合。445分钟后，请大家来这里集合，愿你们开心快乐。

Dear tourists

Hello everyone! Its a great honor to meet you. My name is Xia Jianan. Youcan call me Xiao Xia or Xia Dao. If you have anything to do during the journey,you can call me at any time. My number is

We are going to Longhu Mountain scenic spot, which is 18 kilometers awayfrom Yingtan City. Ladies and gentlemen, now we come to the tourist center ofthe scenic spot. Were going to take the plank road first today. You see, thereis elephant trunk mountain. Because it is like an elephant drinking water, so itis called "elephant trunk mountain". OK, lets take a bamboo raft and enjoy thescenery on both sides of the Luxi river. Because there are many people and fewboats today, and a bamboo raft can only make eight people, so please payattention to safety!

Well, please see, this is the book mountain, this is the mushroom mountain,this is the lion looking back, is it a bit like the Sphinx? Behind the mushroommountain is the literary giant meditation, this "literary giant" is Lu Xun. Thisis a mosquito free village. Because there are a lot of camphor trees in thevillage, the fragrance of camphor trees drives away mosquitoes, so there are nomosquitoes for many years. This is what is called "ass kissing hill". Why is itcalled "ass kissing hill"? Because the grass grows very strange on the cliff,and there is a bunch of grass, which looks like Chairman Maos "Mao". It lookslike Jiangs "Jiang" on the side. It looks like Xi Jinpings "practice", so itis called the "ass kissing hill".

Now we went to xianshuiyan to watch the cliff tombs. Most of these clifftombs belong to the 2500 year old Guyue people. The cliff tombs are 300 metershigh, and the low ones are also 300 meters. These cliff tombs have single tombsand group tombs. There is a hanging coffin show at 2 and 4 p.m. every day, whichis performed by the five brothers of the compatriots who collect herbs on thedragon and tiger mountain. You can enjoy it.

Longhu Mountain is also the birthplace of Taoism in China. There are 63generations of heavenly masters living here. There are 91 Daogong, 81 Daoguan,30 Daoyuan, 24 daodian and 36 Daoyuan. Such palaces, temples and courtyards arerare. However, the large-scale Shangqing palace and the "heihan Tianshimansion", where Tianshi lived, still exist today.

Ladies and gentlemen, please dont move. Keep the balance of the raft.Dont litter with peels, gum, etc. You cant Scribble in the scenic spots. Havea good trip!

Labrang red religion temple is located next to Wangfu village, Jiujiatownship. The red religion belongs to the "Ningma" sect of Tibetan Buddhism. Itbelieves in Lotus peanuts. Monks wear white cassocks with red edges and braidson their heads. They settle down, marry and have children. In June 1880, thefourth jiamuyanggazangtu danwangxiu was in the local xianglang of ledi chagao.The signs in one nights dream coincided with master lianhuashengs prophecy. Hefelt that the time had come to establish the Hongjiao temple. Therefore, inApril 1887, he carried out Buddhist activities, called together monks scatteredin various villages, formulated Temple rules, assigned administrators, and gaveeach administrator a cassock and other monks Each person is given 50 coppercoins as gifts to master lianhuasheng in the temple.

In 1946, the fifth Jiamuyang danbeijianshen built the Sutra hall and somemonasteries, and appointed the living Buddha degekang as the platform of thetemple. In October of the lunar calendar, master Jiamuyang came to thecelebration ceremony to chant sutras and pray. The Sutra hall was namedsangqinmengjilang, and Huici Temple monk wore new cassock (now attire) and othertemple rules.

There are three classes in Labrang Hongjiao temple. The primary classmainly studies the Scriptures that are often recited, followed by the skills ofZhengcao calligraphy, intonation and rhyme of chanting scriptures, and theshaping of Gama. The intermediate class studies grammar, grammar, poetics,medicine and other subjects. The advanced class studies the esoteric sutras suchas "the teachings of master Pu Xian".

Besides normal religious activities, Tibetan opera performance is also amajor activity in Labrang red religion temple. Tibetan Opera is performed duringmajor festivals such as the first month of the year. The performance team of thetemple was founded in 1955, and its first play was "zhimeigengdeng", including"adaramao", "Chisong Dezan" and "Sangmu".

Welcome to Bijia mountain, Jinzhou.

Bijia mountain is located in Bijia mountain scenic spot in Jinzhou Bay ofBohai Sea. It is a national 4A scenic spot. The magical Bijiashan overpass is awonder in the world.

Bijiashan is an island, geomorphologically known as luliandao. Bijiashanisland is 1120 meters long from north to south, 220 meters wide from east towest, and 78.3 meters above sea level.

In Bijia mountain scenic spot, there are a series of beautiful myths andlegends, such as "Pangu opens the sky, Bijia becomes a mountain", and "fairymakes a bridge", which add mysterious color to Bijia mountain and overpass.

front gate

The main gate of Bijiashan scenic spot, also known as Haimen, is designedby Tsinghua University. On the south side is a rainbow arched gantry,symbolizing the "Overpass"; on the north side are two golden keys, implying thatthe golden key opens the gate of the scenic spot, allowing tourists to cross theoverpass and climb to the mysterious Bijiashan island.

footbridge

This statue of "fairy bridge" comes from the myth of "fairy bridge". It issaid that there are two nine Fairies in the heavenly palace. In order tofacilitate the people on the shore of Bijia mountain to collect medicine, theysecretly descend from the heavenly palace, throwing countless pearls between thecoast and Bijia mountain, creating todays Tianqiao.

The natural island connecting sand and stone dam formed by the impact oftides and waves is called "Overpass". Bijiashan sea overpass is about 1620meters long, 9 meters wide on average, and about 1.48 meters higher than thebeach. With the tide rising and falling, the overpass is like a meanderingdragon. At high tide, the sea water with waves constantly attack the overpassfrom both sides, and the overpass slowly sneaks into the sea like a meanderingdragon, forming a vast ocean. At ebb tide, the sea water slowly recedes to bothsides. Bijiashan overpass is like a dragon hidden in the sea. It gradually risesout of the sea. Visitors can wade in the sea, step on the waves, and walk upBijiashan island.

Bijiashan seaside tide is a typical and regular "half day tide", whichfluctuates twice in 24 hours, which makes Bijiashan sea overpass the mostunique. In the world, there is another natural overpass, the "Zhendao Overpass"in South Korea. However, the "Zhendao Overpass" in South Korea is only exposedto the sea for three or five hours twice a year. Bijiashan overpass in Jinzhouis really the only natural wonder of sand and stone dam in Lulian Island exposedtwice a day in the world.

You see, the island of Bijiashan in front of us is just like a pillar ofBijiashan, with three peaks in the sky. Its really amazing that the islandstands alone in the sea.

The view of real person

Built in 1939 by the disciples of Zhu Jiezhen, the founder of Bijiashanmountain, this view of human beings was built to commemorate the ascent of ZhuJiezhen, the Taoist priest of Yuqing. The view of human beings contains ZhuJiezhens real body.

Lu Zuting

Built in 1938, the statue of Lu Zuting on the first floor is the twoimmortals in the legend of "Eight Immortals crossing the sea". It is Zhongli ofHan Dynasty in the East and LV Dongbin in the West. The second layer isdedicated to Taiyi salvation God, also known as Shifang salvation God. The flatplace to the south of Lu Zuting used to be the garrison of Ming Dynasty. Duringthe Song Jin war of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Huang Taiji sent people toseize the grain and grass stored up by the Ming army, which led to a greatdefeat of the Ming army.

Pangu Kaitian square

You can see the sculptures of Pangus two giant axes. It is said that Bijiamountain was the foothold of Pangus creation. On the base of the sculpture iscarved the myth of "Pangu opens the sky, the penholder becomes a mountain". Itis said that Pangu broke off two small pieces of wood from the handle of his axeand threw them into the sea. In a short time, two small islands, big and small,appeared. Pangu stepped on them and collapsed the two high islands into amountainside. Later generations called them big and small Bijia mountains.

Sanqing Pavilion

The Sanqing Pavilion in front is 6 stories high, with a total height of26.2 meters. It is the largest all stone structure building in China. There isno nail or wood on the 6 stories. It is the largest all stone structure buildingin Chinas architectural history.

The white jade statues and reliefs in Sanqing pavilion are originated fromTaoism, Buddhism, Confucianism and many gods worshipped by Chinese people. Evenmany immortals in the classic novel Fengshenbang are worshipped here.

The third floor is dedicated to Confucius. The fourth floor is dedicated tothe emperor of the Qing Dynasty. On the fifth floor, the highest god of Taoism,Sanqing, is worshipped. Facing the west, the emperor of Yuqing Yuanshi sits.Facing the East, the emperor of Lingbao sits. Facing the south, the emperor ofTaiqing morality sits. In addition to the "Sanqing", facing north is the TaoistCihang (Guanyin in Buddhism).

The highest level of Sanqing Pavilion is dedicated to Pangu, the God ofcreation in ancient Chinese legend. It is the only maritime statue of Pangu inChina. The statue of Pangu in sanqingge has an auspicious bird on its crown, thesun in its left eye, the moon in its right eye, five little dragons in its ears,two nostrils and mouth, and a galloping dragon under its seat. The tray isancient on the Fairy Island in the surging Bohai Sea. It is really a majesticand earth opening God.

This is the end of todays tour. I hope you have a good time. Next time wewill visit Bijia mountain to appreciate the magic charm of the overpass.