英文导游词结束语【实用20篇】

The Yellow Crane Tower is located at the top of Wuchang Snake Mountain onthe South Bank of the Yangtze River in Wuhan City, Hubei Province. It is closeto the Yangtze River. It is a national 5A tourist attraction and has been knownas "the first building of the worlds rivers and mountains" and "the worldspeerless scenery" since ancient times. Yellow Crane Tower is a landmark buildingin Wuhan. It is also known as "three famous scenic spots in Wuhan" together withQingchuan Pavilion and Guqin terrace.

The Yellow Crane Tower was built in 223 A.D. in the period of the ThreeKingdoms. During the period of the Three Kingdoms, it was just a "militarybuilding" in the corner of Xiakou city. After the Jin Dynasty destroyed theeastern Wu Dynasty, the three kingdoms were unified. With the development ofJiangxia City, the building gradually evolved into an ornamental building forofficials and businessmen. Tang Dynasty poet Cui Hao wrote the poem "YellowCrane Tower" and Li Bai wrote "Yellow Crane Tower to send Meng Haoran toGuangling". Scholars of all ages left many unique songs here, which made theYellow Crane Tower famous since ancient times.

The Yellow Crane Tower is located at the top of Sheshan mountain, 61.7meters above sea level. The trains of Beijing Guangzhou railway roar through thetower. The building is 5 stories high, with a total height of 51.4 meters and aconstruction area of 3219 square meters. The Yellow Crane Tower is internallysupported by 72 columns and externally extended by 60 angles. The roof iscovered with more than 100000 pieces of yellow glazed tiles

A number of auxiliary buildings, such as bronze Yellow Crane shape, statuepagoda, memorial archway, porch and pavilion, are cast outside the Yellow CraneTower to make the main building more magnificent. Around the main building,there are white cloud Pavilion, elephant pagoda, stele Gallery, Mountain Gateand other buildings. The whole building has a unique national style, emittingthe spirit, temperament and charm of traditional Chinese culture. It complementsthe Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge at the foot of Sheshan mountain, and you can havea panoramic view of the three towns of Wuhan when you climb the building.

北京颐和园英文导游辞

The tour will take 4-6 hours. The route is as follows:

Out side the East Gate-side the East Gate –in front of the Hall of benevolence and Longevity- in front of Garden of Virtuous Harmony-in front of the Grand Theater Building- a lakeside walk from the Garden of Virtuous Harmony to the Hall o Jade Ripples- in front of the o Jade Ripples- in front of the Yiyunguan (Chamber of Mortal Being)-Hall of happiness and longevity- in front of the Yaoyue (Chamber of Mortal Beings)-Hall of Happiness and Longevity-in front of the Yaoyue(Inviting the Moon ) Gate of the Long Corridor- strolling along the Long Corridor- visiting an exhibition of cultural relics- in front of the Hall of Dispelling Clouds- inside the Hall of Dispelling Clouds- atop the Tower of Buddhist Incense- on a hilltop leading from the back door of the Tower of Buddhist Incense- on a hilltop leading from the back door of the Tower of Buddhist Incense- inside the Garden of Harmonious Interest –outside the south gate to Suzhou Shopping Street- atop the stone bridge inside the Suzhou shopping street –on the road from the south gate of suzhou shopping street- on the road form the south gate of suzhou shopping street to the marble boat- in front of the ruins of the Garden of complete spring –along the lakeside by the marble boat-boating on the Kunming Lake-leaving out through the East Gate.

(Out side the east gate)

Ladies and Gentlemen: Welcome to the Summer Palace. (After the self-introduction of the guide -interpreter) I hope this will be an interesting and enjoyable day for you .

During our tour, you will be introduced to time honored historical and cultural traditions, as well as picturesque views and landscapes.

The construction of the Summer Palace first started in 1750. At that time, the Qing Dynasty was in its heyday and China was a powerful Asian country with vast territories. The monarch in power then was Emperor Qianlong. With supreme power and large sums of money, he summoned skillful and ingenious artisans from all over the country to carry out this construction work in honor of his mother `s birthday. After 15 years and one seventh of the nation` s annual revenue spent, the Garden of Clear Ripples was completed and served as a testimony to China` s scientific and technological achievements. In 1860, this vast royal garden was burnt down along with the Yuanming Yuan (Garden of Perfection and Brightness) by Angol-French allied forces. In 1888, Empress Dowager Cixi reconstructed the garden on the same site and renamed it the Garden of Nurtured Harmony (Summer Palace). Characterized by its vast scope and rich cultural embodiments, the Summer Palace has become one of the most famous tourist sites in the world.

This is the main entrance to the Summer Palace-the East Gate On top of the eaves of the door there is a plaque bearing a Chinese inscription which means “Garden of Nurtured Harmony” , whose calligrapher was Emperor Guangxu. The gate that you are now entering was used exclusively by the emperor, the empress and the queer mother. All others used the side doors.

(Inside the East Gate)

the Summer Palace can be divided into two parts: Longevity Hill and Kunming Lake .The whole garden covers an area of 290 hectares, of whih three- fourths consists of a lake and rivers .This imperial garden features 3,000 room-units and covers an expanse of 70,000 square meters with more than 100 picturesque spots of interest. The layout of the Summer Palace includes three groups of architectures: palaces where the emperor attended to state affairs, resting palaces of the emperor and empress, and sightseeing areas. Entering the East Gate we will come the the office quarters. Entering the East gate we will come to the office quarters. The annex halls on both sides were used for officials on duty.

This is the Gate of Benevolence and Longevity. Above the door there is a plaque bearing the same name in both Chinese and Manchurian characters. The gigantic rock in the foreground is known as Taihu rock, or eroded limestone, quarried in Jiangsu Province and placed here to decorated the garden.

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he Ming Tombs are 40 kilometers north of Beijing City on the southernslopes of Tianshou Mountain. They are the burial grounds of 13 Ming Dynastyemperors. In July 20___ the site was designated a world cultural heritage siteby UNESCO.

Empress Xu died in the 5th year of Yongle (1407). Zhu Di sent

Zhao Hong, secretary of the Ministry of Rites and a geomancer----LiaoJunqing along with many others to Beijing in search of an auspicious place forthe tombs. It is said that this group of people first selected the area of TuJia Ying, which means slaughter-house, and as such, it couldnt be used as theburial ground. Next they selected the foot of Yangshan Mountain, Changping.However, since the surname of the emperor (Zhu) is a homophone for pig andbecause a village named wolf mouth ravine was located there, they decidedagainst using that area. Later, they found Yan-jiatai west of Beijing. Again,since Yanjia was the homonym of the death of the emperor, it was also deemedunsuitable. It was not until the 7th year of Yongle (1409), that they finallychose the present Heavenly Longevity Mountain as their cemetery grounds.

The whole area covers 40 square kilometers. It has mountains to its east,west and north, and Dragon Mountain and Tiger Mountain are on either side of itssouthern entrance. The 13 tombs go from north to south. They are arranged in themanner of the Imperial Palace, with the administration area in the front andliving quarters in the rear. In front of the tombs are divine passes, stonearchways and steel towers. The Precious City and Ming Tower stand over theUnderground Palace.

There were 16 emperors during the Ming Dynasty. Buried in the Ming tombs,are 13 Ming emperors and 23 empresses, as well as many concubines, princes,princesses and maids. The other 3 emperors, Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang, Zhu Yunwenand Zhu Qiyu are buried in other locations.

The founder of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang, established his capital inpresent day Nanjing where he was buried after his death. His tomb is calledXiaoling (Tomb of Filial Piety).

The body of the second emperor of the Ming, Zhu Yunwen, is missing. Somesaid that he died in a fire, while others said that he went to a temple andbecame a monk. There is no final conclusion yet.

The seventh Ming Emperor Zhu Qiyu, was buried as a prince by his elderbrother Zhu Qizhen at Jinshankou, a western suburb of Beijing, because in theTumubao Upheaval, Emperor Zhu Qizhen became a captive and the younger brother ofZhu Qizhen. Zhu Qiyu was chosen as the new emperor, but later Zhu Qizhen wasback and proclaimed his re-enthronement in the Seizing Gate Upheaval.

The Memorial Arch was built in the 19th year of Jiajing (1540) as a symbolof the Ming Tombs. It is 14 meters high and 28. 86 meters wide, and has 5 archessupported by 6 pillars with beautiful bas-relief carvings of lions, dragons andlotus flowers. The Memorial Arch is the biggest and the most exquisite stonearch preserved in the country today. The major designs of dragon and clouddecorations reflect the character of imperial architecture. In addition, it alsodemonstrates the skillful artistry of the Ming craftsmen.

The Big Palace Gate is the front gate of the Ming Tombs, and is morecommonly known as Big Red Gate. Facing south, there are three arch entrances tothe gate, the main inlet to the Ming Tombs. Flanking the gate are two stonetablets, inscribed with orders for the emperor, officials and other people todismount, before entering into the tomb area. If they did not obey, they wouldbe punished for their disrespect. The rules governing the Ming Tombs in the MingDynasty, stipulate that one who sneaks into the tomb area to pick firewood andbreak twigs would be flogged. Those who came to fetch dirt and stone would bebeheaded. Those who entered arbitrarily into the tomb area would be flogged ahundred times.

The Tablet House was built in the 10th year of Xuande (1435), and standsabout 10 meters high with two tiers of eaves. A huge tablet stands in the middleof the Tablet House. The front side bears an inscription by Emperor Renzong forChengzu. The reverse side is a poem by Qing Emperor Qianlong recording in detailthe conditions of the broken Changling, Yongling, Dingling and Xiling. On theeast side is the record of expenditures for repairing the Ming Tombs by the Qinggovernment. On the west side is an epitaph by Qing Emperor Jiaqing. It waswritten in the 9th year of Jiaqing (1804) describing the cause of the fall ofthe Ming Dynasty.

On the north side of the Tablet House, stands a group of stone carvings (36in all). Behind the house, there are two stone pillars. Beyond the pillars arestone animals and other statues. Lions, Xie Zhi, camels, elephants, and Qi Linhorses .All of the animals are in two pairs. Two stand, while the other twokneel. It is followed by the statues of military officers, civil officials andofficials of merit, four in each group. These stone animals and statues weremade in the 10th year of Xuande (1435). They reflect the imperial power when hewas alive and the imperial dignity after he was deceased. The animals andstatues were created using whole blocks of stone weighing a couple of tons andeach was delicately and masterfully carved.

Here stands Ling Xing Gate, also known as the unique Dragon and PhoenixGate, with the meaning of the Gate of Heaven. The gate is pierced with six doorleaves, attached to three archways. The top of the central section of the threearchways is decorated with flames and precious pearl, so it is also known as theFlame Archway. To the north of the Dragon and Phoenix Gate there lays aseven-arch marble bridge, leading to the gate of Changling. To the east of theseven-arch bridge stands an old five-arch bridge, which was the original site ofthe seven-arch bridge.

Actually we are standing on the axle line of the Ming Tombs, otherwiseknown as the Sacred Way or the Tomb path. We passed the Memorial Arch, the BigPalace Gate, the Tablet House, Sacred Way, stone animals and statues, and LingXing Gate. This seven-kilometer long sacred pathway leads from south to north,all the way to the Gate of Changling.

Now, we are moving to Chang Ling. Changling is the first tomb built in theMing Tombs area, covering 10 hectares and containing Emperor Zhu Di and hisempress Xu.

Zhu Di (Chengzu) of the Ming Dynasty was the fourth son of the firstEmperor Zhu Yuanzhang, born in 1360. Zhu Di was conferred the title of theprince of Yan in the 3rd year of Hongwu (1370). He was appointed at Beiping.After the death of Zhu Yuanzhang (the first Ming Emperor), Zhu Di used thepretext of eliminating evil officials at the side of Emperor Jianwen to lead anarmy expedition down south to Nanjing. He seized the throne in the 4th year ofJianwen (1402) and ascended the throne in June inside the Hall of AncestralWorship in Nanjing. Zhu Di was an emperor of outstanding accomplishment in theMing Dynasty. As soon as he became the prince of Yan, he led the generals out tobattle. He had great achievements in calming down the north. After he took overhis nephews power and became the emperor, he still went out to battle throughoutthe country and consolidated the rule of the Ming Dynasty. He made the importantdecision to move the capital to Beijing. During the rule of Zhu Di, magnificentdevelopments were made in the economy, culture and in diplomacy. In terms ofculture, Zhu Di successively sent Grand Academician Xie Jin, Yan Guangxiao andothers to compile the Yongle encyclopedia. The book has become the largest bookever complied in Chinese history. For expanding external exchanges and trade,Zhu Di selected eunuch Zheng He to lead a large fleet filled with precious gold,silver, silk and satins to sail to southeast Asia and Africa seven times in theearly years of Yongle.

Empress Xu was buried together with Emperor Zhu Di in Changling. EmpressXushi was the eldest daughter of Xu Da who was one of the founding fathers ofthe Ming Dynasty. Throughout her lifespan, Xu Shi complied 20 articles ofinternal lectures and a book advising to be good, so as to cultivate peoplesminds. She was the very first one to be buried in Changling and in the Ming Tombarea.

The Hall of Eminent Favor in Changling is the best preserved among thethirteen tombs. It is a valuable relic of ancient Chinas wooden structures. Itis nine rooms wide and five rooms long, a hall size rarely seen in China. Theroof is made of top-class double eaves and there are multiple rooms covered withyellow glazed tiles. The hall is supported by 60 thick Nanmu pillars, the middlefour in the hall are the thickest, the diameter of each one can reach over onemeter. It is known as the best Nanmu (phoebe) hall in the country.

Now we are going to Dinging. Dingling is located at the east foot of DayuMountain. Buried here are the 13th Ming Emperor Wanli (Zhu Yijun) and his twoempresses Xiaoduan and Xiaojing. Zhu Yijun was the longest on the throne of theMing Emperors. (He was emperor for 48 years). He was the greediest and laziestemperor in the Ming Dynasty. Zhu Yijun ascended the throne at the age of 9.After he came to power, he was supported by the chief minister Zhang Juzheng. Atthis time, various aspects of society gained development.

Later ,Zhang Juzheng died of illness. Not long after Wanli managed stateaffairs on his own, he used the chance to select the location for his tomb sitewhen he went to pay homage to the ancestors tombs. He spent eight million taelsof silver (250,000 kilos of silver) and six years to build a high quality tombDingling. After the Dingling was completed, Zhu Yijun personally went to inspectit, and felt very satisfied with the result. He went so far as to hold a grandbanquet in the Underground Palace, which was unheard of in history.

Zhu Yijun was a typical muddle-headed emperor. Reflecting on his reign, hedid not pay attention to state affairs for 28 out of his 48 year rule. The stateorgan was effectively semi-paralyzed during his reign. Later generationscommented that the fall of the Ming dynasty was caused by this emperor.

Zhu Yijun had two empresses. Empress Xiaojing was originally a maid ofWanlis mother Cisheng. Later she gave birth to a son of the emperor. That sonwas the one-month emperor Guangzong (Zhu Changluo). She died of illness 9 yearsearlier than Shenzong died. She was buried as a concubine at Pinggangdi, aroundthe east pit, at the Heavenly Longevity Mount. After Xiaojing was conferred thetitle of “grandmother of the emperor”, her body was moved to the UndergroundPalace of Dingling, and buried together with Emperor Wanli and Empress Xiaoduanon the same day. Xiaoduan was conferred the title of empress, but she could notgive birth to either a son or a daughter to the emperor. Xiaoduan died ofillness. A hundred days later, Emperor Wanli (Zhu Yijun) died too. EmpressXiaoduan, Emperor Wanli, and Empress Xiaojing were buried together in theUnderground Palace.

The tablet in front of Dingling has no words on it. It is called thewordless tablet. There is a pair of coiling dragons along the top and a patternof sea waves carved on the bottom. Its base is composed of a tortoise (Bixi). Itis said that the dragon has nine sons. In twelve of the Ming Tombs, excludingChangling, all the tablets are wordless. Originally there were no tablet housesin front of the Tombs, but later the tablet houses and steeles of the first sixtombs were completed. But the emperor Jiajing at the time indulged in drinking,lust and searching for longevity pills, so he had no time to pay attention onthe inscriptions. Consequently the six tablets are wordless. And in keeping withthis tradition, that’s why the tablets later on are also blank.

Now we are arriving at The Gate of Eminent Favor and the Hall of EminentFavor of Dingling, The Hall of Eminent Favor is also called Hall of Enjoyment.It was the place where the emperor and his entourage held grand sacrificialrites. They were mostly destroyed when the Qing soldiers came. And they weredestroyed again later, so now only the ruins remain.

Moving on, this is the exhibition rooms that were built after theexcavation of the Underground Palace. The exhibition explains in detail thehistory of the tomb master and introduces the tomb excavation process. Theexhibition rooms are divided into two parts, the south and the north. In thesouth room, on display are the sacrificial objects of Emperor Wanli unearthedfrom the Underground Palace. In the north room, on display are the sacrificialitems of the two empresses. All of then are fancy and invaluable.

Now we arrive at The Soul Tower, this is the symbol of the tomb. It is astone structure with colorful painted decorations. The Soul Tower and thePrecious citadel of Dingling have never been damaged seriously. The Soul Toweris the best preserved architecture above the ground of Dingling. On top of theyellow, glazed tiled roof of the Soul Tower sits a big stone tablet. Two Chinesecharacters----Dingling, are carved on the tablet. Inside the Soul Tower, on topof another stone tablet, there are two big characters----the Great Ming writtenin seal characters. On the body of the tablet, seven Chinese characters-----Tombof Emperor Shenzong Xian are carved. The Soul Tower is connected with thePrecious Citadel. The Precious Citadel is a large round wall built with bricks.The Precious Citadel wall is 7.5 m high, and lower part is thick while the upperpart is thin. The round walls perimeter is over 800 meters, and inside the wallis a large artificial mound, the emperors tomb mound, known as Precious Top.

Dingling is the only Ming Tomb to be excavated. Formal excavation workstarted in May 1956 and ended in 1958. First, the working personnel discoveredan exposed gateway at the side wall to the southwest of the Precious Citadel ofDingling. So they dug the first tunnel facing the position of the gateway. Atthe bottom of the tunnel, they discovered a tunnel made of bricks. Three monthslater, along the direction of the tunnel, to the west of the Soul Tower, theydug the second tunnel. During the digging, they encountered with a stone tabletwhich inscribed the words from here 48. 8m forward and 10. 7m downward lies theprecious wall. Therefore it gave the correct direction of opening up theUnderground Palace.

According to the direction of the stone tablet, after digging the thirdtunnel, they found a stone tunnel. At last they got to the precious wall. Thusthey opened the precious wall with a square stone room. To the west end of theroom, lay two marble doors. The working personnel used a wire and wood plank toremove the self-acting stone bar, which was against the back of the door. Withthis method, they opened the entrance of the Underground Palace.

The palace has no beam which was built according to the principles ofgeomancy Altogether there are five chambers. The chambers are separated by sevenmarble doors. The Underground Palace is 27 meters deep, covering an area of1,195 square meters. There is a same structure stone door in between the front,middle and rear chambers. The door is made of marble. The biggest marble door is3. 3 meters high, 1.7 meters wide, 4 tons in weight. It looks heavy, but it isreasonably designed. The pivot of the stone door is inclined to the door axle,so the door is easy to open and close. On top of the door is a lintel (made ofbronze) tube weighing about 10 tons to prevent the door from falling. Carved onthe front of the marble door are 9 rows of 81 knobs and strange animals withrings in their mouths. Located on the reverse side, opposite the animals, is aprotruding section that holds the doors self-acting stone bar.

The front and middle chambers are 7. 2 meters high and 6 meters wide. Thefloor is covered with gold bricks. According to records, the gold bricks aresmooth and durable. The more you polish them, the brighter they become. Thereare no decorations in the front and two annex chambers. In the middle chamber,there are three marble thrones for Emperor Wanli and his two Empresses, known asthe precious thrones. In the front of the thrones, there are five yellow glazedofferings and one blue-and-white porcelain jar of Jiajing Years style with acloud-and-dragon design. It is about 0.7 meters in diameter. Originally therewas sesame oil in the jar. On the surface of the oil was a copper tube with awick inside. It is called the everlasting lamp. Due to the lack of oxygen, thelight went out so the oil had not been used all.

The rear chamber is the biggest of the three. It is 9.5 meters high, 31meters long, 9.l meters wide, the floor is paved with polished stones. In therear chamber, there is a coffin platform edged with white marble. Placed on theplatform are the coffins of Emperor Wanli and his two Empresses as well as 26vermilion boxes filled with funeral objects.

In the middle of the coffin platform, there is a rectangular hole filledwith soil called Gold Well. Putting jade stone around the coffin or inside thecoffin or in the mouth of the deceased is called being buried with jade. Ancientpeople believed Gold Well was the pit of geomancy. It could prevent the bodyfrom decay for a long time. Being buried with jade on a Gold Well was thehighest standard of entombment one could receive in the feudal era.

Originally the empresss coffin should have been placed in the rear chamber.Then why were the coffins of the two empresses also in the same chamber as theemperors? In 1620, first empress Xiaoduan died in April, then in July EmperorWanli also died. After that, the son of Zhu Changluo died 29 days after hissuccession. In only a few months, two emperors and one empress had died insuccession. In addition they had removed Empress Xiaojings coffin to Dingling.All the burdens of the funeral burials fell on the just enthroned Emperor ZhuYoujian. The preparation work was done in a hurried fashion (this was clearlyrecorded in historical documents). The rainy season had already arrived beforethe funeral could occur and the passage leading to the empress annex chamber maynot have been convenient to open. So the coffins of the emperor, empresses allentered the Underground Palace through the front entrance. After the coffinsentered the Underground Palace, since the passage to the annex chambers werenarrow, the coffins of the empresses would not fit through it. So they had toput all the three coffins together into the rear chamber.

Now please follow me out of the underground palace. And our tour for todayis completed. I hope you have found our time together informative and enjoyable.We now have half an hour for a rest, and then we will get together here at4:00pm. Thank you.

Dear tourists

Hello, everyone! My name is__ Today, I will serve you wholeheartedly. Ifyou have anything to do during this period, please dont mention it to me. Iwill try my best to solve it for you.

Dandong, the largest border city in China, is located in the southeast ofLiaoning Province, which is close to the Democratic Party of Korea

The peoples Republic of Italy faces each other across the river and facesthe Yellow Sea to the south. The mainland coastline is 120km long and there aremore than 30 islands and reefs along the coast. The total area is 14910 squarekilometers, and the urban area is 832 square kilometers. "Seven mountains, onewater, three fields, half roads and manors" is the geographical feature ofDandong.

With a total population of 2.4 million, Dandong now has jurisdiction overthree districts, two cities and one county (namely Zhenxing District, YuanbaoDistrict, Zhenan District, Donggang District, Fengcheng district and KuandianDistrict), with an urban population of 810000. There are 20 ethnic minorities,the largest of which is Manchu, accounting for 32% of the citys population.

Dandong and the Democratic Republic of Korea are separated by a river.There is only one river between the two countries. This is the world-famous YaluRiver. During the war of resisting US aggression and aiding Korea, the officersand men of the Chinese peoples Volunteer Army bravely fought to defend theircountry.

Dandong is a coastal city with industry, commerce, logistics and tourism asthe main body. It is a national border economic cooperation zone and the largestand most beautiful border city in China. It is the only city in China and Asiawith border ports, airports, high-speed rail, river ports, seaports andexpressways.

Because Dandong is close to the Yellow Sea, affected by it, the climate issuitable for me, which is warm in winter and cool in summer. The winter inNortheast China is relatively cold, but the cold winter period in Dandong isonly 182 days, and the lowest temperature in history is only 18 degrees belowzero. The hot period in summer is only 50 days, and the average hot period above25 degrees is only 20 days. Because the temperature is more suitable, the mainagricultural and sideline products are millet, strawberry, tussah, ginseng,shrimp, seafood varieties are quite rich.

There are 29 ethnic minorities in Dandong, accounting for 34% of the totalpopulation. Most of them are Manchu, Mongolian, Hui and Korean. As early as morethan 300 years ago, the Eight Banners soldiers of the Manchu nationality werestationed in Phoenix City and tongyuanbao. Later, during the reign of Kangxi, alarge number of eight banners soldiers entered the pass with their families. Atthe same time, the Mongolians were transferred to the pass to settle in theborder areas for reclamation. As a result, the nomadic living habits of theethnic minorities were changed, and they lived there. There are two counties inDandong, namely Fenghuang city and Kuandian County, which are Manchu autonomousregions.

There are eight national scenic spots in Dandong, including Fenghuangshanscenic spot, qingshangou scenic spot, tianqiaogou scenic spot, memorial hall forresisting U.S. aggression and aiding Korea, Yalu River Bridge, Shuifeng Lakescenic spot, Hekou scenic spot and Taiping Bay scenic spot. There are manyprovincial scenic spots, such as Yalu River Park, Jinjiang Mountain Park, DaluIsland seaside resort, Hushan Ming Great Wall site, Dagu Mountain ancientcultural temple complex, Wulong mountain, wulongbei hot spring, etc. Tourismfeatures are quite rich: mountains, water, rocks, hot springs, historical andcultural landscape, ethnic customs and so on. There are also special bordertourism projects, such as one-day tour, four-day tour and five day tour to NorthKorea, and seven day tour to South Korea by boat.

The city tree of Dandong City is gingko tree, and the city flower is Dujuanflower. When you take a bus to visit the city, you will find that both sides ofthe main streets are covered with green trees, which are called ginkgo trees.According to the survey, there are five streets in Asia covered with ginkgotrees, of which Dandong accounts for three. Now the Dandong Municipal governmentis still increasing investment in urban greening, and has made long-termplanning and construction for the city appearance in front of the station. Inthe near future, when you come back to Dandong, you will find that the cityappearance of Dandong will have greater changes.

Dandong is well preserved in natural scenery and rich in tourism resources.In the north, there are layers of green mountains with overlapping peaks. In thesouth, the winding Yalu River is connected with the vast Yellow Sea.Bangshantai, the starting point of the Great Wall in the East, the river seaboundary stele in the North, the bullet marked Yalu River broken bridge, and thestrong ethnic customs and the combination of river, mountain, lake, sea, forest,spring and river It has become a marvelous sight.

Dandongs scenic tourism resources account for more than 10% of the areaunder its jurisdiction, with 16 scenic spots, forest parks and nature reservesat or above the provincial level. Yalu River, Fenghuang Mountain and qingshangouare national key scenic spots; Dagu Mountain and tianqiaogou are national forestparks; Yalu River Wetland and Baishilazi are national nature reserves;provincial scenic spots and forest parks include Wulong mountain, Tianhuamountain, Huangjia mountain, Dalishu, Pushihe, etc.

Tourist friends, our car is coming from the city to the ancient Great WallRuins in the direction of Hushan. Now the tour bus is passing the jiuche towngovernment in Zhenan District. Sitting in the car, you can see the stone tabletstanding on the mountain beside the road. Let me briefly introduce the origin ofthe stone tablet. This mountain is called Japan mountain. It is now renamedzhendongshan. A Japanese general during the Russo Japanese war was buried on themountain, and this stone tablet was erected as a historical relic. The stonetablet has not been removed.

Tiger mountain is located 1500 meters northeast of Dandong City. It lookslike a crouching tiger. The former "double peaks of tiger ears", one of Antonseight scenic spots, and the "Tongjun Pavilion", one of the eight Korean scenicspots on the opposite bank, face each other across the river. Standing on thebeacon tower on the top of the mountain, you can have a panoramic view of MashiSha Chau and Sinuiju city in Korea. The terrain of Hushan is very dangerous. Itis an important military place in history and the starting point of the east endof the famous Great Wall.

Before entering Hushan scenic area, we are far away from Hushan. After ageneral survey, you will find a sleeping beauty lying on the back in the shadowof Chongshan green water. From west to East, it is long hair, head, chest, dressand vivid.

I believe you will be very excited when you see the huge historical site ofHushan great wall standing beside the Yalu River. Before you climb the GreatWall, please give me five minutes to introduce the general situation of HushanGreat Wall: Hushan was originally named maer mountain. Because of two toweringpeaks side by side, it looks like two vertical long tiger ears, also known ashuer mountain, which was transformed into todays Hushan in the Qing Dynasty.As a gateway to the country, the location of the Great Wall in Hushan hasmilitary significance. Anyone who understands military affairs knows that theinitiative in fighting must first occupy the commanding height, so it is naturalto build the Great Wall in Hushan. It is also recorded that the Great Wall wasbuilt in Dandong more than 20__ years ago during the Warring States period, andthe Qin Dynasty unified the six kingdoms

The Great Wall continued to be built in Dandong until Ming Dynasty. Thegreat wall of Hushan was built in 1469 ad in the fifth year of Chenghua of MingDynasty. It was built by Han Bin, then the commander in chief. It was alsocalled "Liaodong side wall" at that time. It mainly includes the wall of theGreat Wall, the wall tower, the enemy tower, the horse face, the beacon tower,the moat, the horse wall and so on. Wang Zhihao, the governor of the MingDynasty, once wrote a poem "climbing Mt. maer to look at Korea" when he climbedto the fortress of Hushan. The poem says: "head high to the east of the sea,point out that Fusang can hang a bow, the willow can be lost in smoke, and theJackdaw can take the moon to support the sky. The mountains and rivers areendless, the mountains and rivers are different, the emperor is selfless, andthe rain and dew are the same. But he laughs at the fact that the building andthe ship have become the bottom of the matter, and the battle of the dead boneson the seashore has been successful. " The poem vividly depicts the terrain ofHushan mountain, the coldness of the border, and the cruelty of the ancientbattlefield. However, due to historical misunderstanding and historical delay,it was not until December 1990 that the governments of Liaoning Province andDandong City invited the Great Wall scholars and experts from all over thecountry to determine the historical status of the great wall of Hushan. Dandongdeclared to the world that the starting point of the great wall of Ming Dynastywas Dandong, and Dandong had the first brick of the great wall of MingDynasty.

On the huge rock in the square of the scenic spot, there is a poem: "cleargreen river, towering Hutou mountain. From then on, the Great Wall willstrengthen China. " Luo Zhewen, an expert on stone architecture from the StateAdministration of cultural relics and vice president of the Great Wall Societyof China, wrote this in 1990.

It is located on the north slope of Hushan mountain. It is 23.6 meters highand has five floors, including three main floors and two arrow towers. The mainbody is 9.6 meters high, and the whole building is mainly red, giving people apowerful historical charm.

The great wall of Hushan has played an important role in resistingcountless invaders from Korea, Russia and Japan. In order to restore theoriginal historical appearance of the ancient Great Wall site, and to make thegreat wall of Hushan stand up again, Dandong people formed a fund-raisingcommittee for the restoration of the Great Wall. The old people, children,cadres, workers, farmers, students, and soldiers all paid for it. Even a Pennyscontribution was an act of sacrifice to their ancestors. The builders lived inthe open air and lived in the stars and the moon Today, the great wall lying inHushan has fully reflected the original power of the ancient Great Wall, and canalso tell visitors its historical statement. We should witness the style of theancient Great Wall and experience the pride of the ancient Great Wall of Chinafrom Dandong. Now we start from the foot of Nanshan and climb up the mountainalong the original route.

Friends, these tall, thick and strong walls will make you feel like youonce knew each other? Everyone who has been to Beijing and swam the Great Wallwill have the same feeling. The wall switches of Jishan great wall and BadalingGreat Wall are identical. And the white mortar, the gray wall with the brickjoints, also has a sense of history.

When we climb to the top of the Great Wall along the broad and solid roadof the Great Wall, you will naturally feel the pride that you are not a herountil you reach the Great Wall. The mood will be broadened. Looking from a highaltitude, you can see that the Yalu River is like a green ribbon floating awayfrom your feet. On the other side, inlaid with green trees, are the former sitesof the liberation tower and the Tong Jun Pavilion in Sinuiju, North Korea. This"one-step" boundary marker marks the international boundary between Dandong andNorth Korea, which is only one step wide. The work of the Korean villagers isjust like that behind us. The fifth largest pillarless arch bridge in Asia inDandong. The revolving restaurant of the international hotel, the skyscraper ofthe international trade building, the residential buildings with 24 floors, andthe green Jinjiang mountain and Yuanbaoshan mountain It is full of beautifulscenery and the pride of Dandong people. This is the end of the group tour ofHushan Great Wall. The rest of the time is free to watch and play. After 30minutes, gather in front of the tour bus at the foot of the Great Wall. Have agood time!

大家好!我是欢乐旅行社的实习导游，我姓李，大家可以叫我李导。今天，由我来带领大家游览颐和园。颐和园是清代皇家园林和行宫，是我国重点文物保护单位，已经列入《世界遗产名录》。游览时请大家自觉保持它的清洁。颐和园到了，大家请随我下车。

进了大门，绕过大殿，现在的位置就是著名的长廊。你们看，这绿漆的柱子、红漆的栏杆，是一眼望不到头。这条长廊有七八百多米长，分为二百七十三间。每一间的横槛上都有五彩的画，画着人物、风景、花草，几千幅画没有哪两幅画相同。长廊两旁栽的花木，一种花还没有谢，另一种花就已经开了。 微风从左边的昆明湖上吹来，使人神清气爽，大家感觉到了吗?

走完长廊，我们现在来到的是万寿山脚下。大家抬头看一看，一座八角宝塔形的三层建筑耸立在半山腰上，黄色的琉璃瓦闪闪发光，那就是佛香阁。下面的一排排金碧辉煌的宫殿就是排云殿。

现在，我们在万寿山的佛香阁。大家向下望，颐和园的景色大半收在眼底。看，葱郁的树丛，掩映着黄、绿的琉璃瓦屋顶和朱红的宫墙。前面，昆明湖静得像一面镜子，绿得像一块碧玉。游船、画舫也都从湖面慢慢滑过，几乎不留一点儿痕迹。大家向东远眺，隐隐约约可以望见几座古老的城楼和城里的白塔。

我们现在所在的地点是昆明湖。昆明湖围着长长的堤岸，堤上有几座式样不同的石桥。大家走过石桥，就可以去湖中心的那座小岛上去玩。大家看，我现在用手指着的那座桥有十七个桥洞，所以叫十七孔桥。桥栏杆上有着上百根石柱，柱子上雕刻着小狮子，这些狮子姿态不一，没有哪两只是相同的。好，现在大家可以去小岛上玩儿，两小时后在这儿集中，然后我们坐车回去。解散!

( 快上车的时候)大家今天玩得开心吗?通过我的讲解，你们是不是对颐和园有了一定的了解呢?希望下次你们还来找我当你们的导游。再见!

Hello, everyone! Today we are visiting the Forbidden City in Beijing. ImShiyu, the tour guide. Just call me Xiaoshi. I hope I can give you the bestservice.

The Forbidden City, also known as the Forbidden City, is the imperialpalace of Ming and Qing Dynasties in China. It is the largest and most completeancient wooden structure building group in the world. It began in the fourthyear of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1406 AD) and took 14 years to complete. Atotal of 24 emperors successively ascended the throne and ruled China for morethan 500 years.

Now in front of us is the magnificent ancient palace - the Forbidden City.You see, these four walls are palace walls, and there are tall gates on allsides of the palace walls. Wuwu gate is in the south, Donghua gate is in theEast, and Xihua gate is in the West. The turrets of the four "Gates" of thepalace walls are unique in style and beautiful in shape. Now, please come withme to the Taihe hall, the largest palace in the Forbidden City. This is theplace where the emperors of Ming and Qing Dynasties summoned officials, issuedorders and held celebrations. There are 11 rooms in the hall, 5 rooms in depthand pillars outside. The inside and outside of the hall is 14 meters high, 63meters wide and 2377 square meters in area. It is the largest wooden hall inChina.

Now we come to Zhonghe hall. Zhonghe hall is a place for the emperor toexercise etiquette on his way to Taihe hall.

Baohe hall was the place where the emperor entertained the princes andnobles of foreign vassals and the military ministers in Beijing.

Lets take a look at Wenhua hall. It is the reading Office of the crownprince of the Ming Dynasty. Qianqingmen is the boundary between the imperialcourt and the imperial court, from which the imperial court is located to thenorth. The palace of the Qing Dynasty was the place where the Ming and Qingemperors lived. Do you know that the TV series huanzhu gege was shot by theForbidden City.

Well planned, magnificent and magnificent, this is the Forbidden City ofour country. No matter in the plane layout, the three-dimensional effect and theform of majestic, grand, solemn, harmonious all belong to incomparablemasterpiece. It marks Chinas long cultural tradition and shows the outstandingachievements in architectural art more than 500 years ago.

Ladies and gentlemen, todays tour is coming to an end. Im very happy tohave a wonderful time with you. If you are not satisfied with my tour guidetoday, please correct me. Have a good time! Thank you.

As the saying goes, "not a true man unless he comes to the Great Wall", climb the Great Wall have the constancy, and never quit the perseverance and determination, cant give up halfway! We can watch while climbing. Ill introduce the Great Wall for everybody: the Great Wall is composed of GuanCheng, beacon tower pier of watchtowers, smoke, and the barbican, wall, wall, the crenel, perforation, hole, etc. Beacon tower pier and smoke is used to transfer the situation of the enemy. In smoke on the pier burning smoke during the day, how much smoke the heap represents the number of enemy soldiers. Night cant see the smoke, a fire on the beacon tower. This way of passing information at that time is the most rapid and most effective, the beacon tower has played a very big effect.

At this moment, I saw a kid to climb on the wall. I put him down for everyone, said: "please note that cant climb on the wall, it is very dangerous. Outside the wall is dangerous mountain, its no fun to fall down!" Here, Ill tell you something about a story about the Great Wall: once upon a time, a man named meng jiangnu, she went to send clothes for repairing the husband of the Great Wall. She reached the Great Wall, but didnt find her husband. She hurriedly ask others, others say that he had been buried in the Great Wall. Her sad cry, cry for many years, finally, her tears fell the Great Wall, finally saw her husband.

The Great Wall is very beautiful, very spectacular, winding, welcome you to touring!

Cowherd Ferry

Cowherd Ferry, located on the Chengcha Lake is a stone across the river, which seems like a little bridge, helping people across the river. Because after crossing Chengcha River, one will be able to gaze until of the Weaver Girl Peak, so has its name. Their love story found evidence in Changbai Mountain. Moreover, The lying cow shaped boulder engraved with three characters "Cowherd Ferry". Today, many young people take photo here to show their unwavering love. It has become a love stone.

清真大寺位于西安市鼓楼街北隅的化觉巷内。由于它与大学习巷的清真寺东西遥遥相望，而且规模较大，故又被称为东大寺或清真大寺，为全国重点文物保护单位。

据寺内现存石碑记载，清真大寺建成唐玄宗李隆基天宝元年(742年)，距今已有1250多年的历史。经宋、元、明、清几次重修和护建，逐步形成规模宏大，楼台、亭殿布局紧凑和谐，庄严肃穆的建筑群。清真寺前后分四个院落，占地面积13000多平方米，建筑面积5000多平方米。前院紧临照壁的木牌楼，高约9米，琉璃瓦顶，挑角飞檐，雕梁画栋，极为壮观。南北两边为仿古建筑的接待室。

第二院是悬挂“清真寺”匾额的五间楼。院内树木成荫，花圃对称排列，石制牌坊矗立其间，碑阴镌刻有著名书法家米芾、董其昌的题字。

第三院是敕赐殿，院中央是三层结构精巧的八角形省心楼。南北两厢是经堂、宫殿，里面珍藏有阿拉伯文和汉文翻译的《古兰经》及珍贵字画等。

第四院中心是一真亭，又名凤凰亭，南北各有面宽七间的厅房。南厅后有石碑廊，陈列着创建和重修清真寺的碑刻。

一真亭后有海棠形鱼池喷泉，亭南北各有一座碑亭。进石门，走上广阔的大月台，大殿就在正端。大殿面阔7间，进深9间，面积约1300平方米，可容纳千余人同时作礼拜。殿内天棚藻井，有画600余幅，彩画图案不一，墙壁刻蔓草花纹，套刻古兰经，构图着色，均表现中国伊斯兰教寺院建筑和宗教彩画的特色。

张家口大镜门的英文导游词

Hello,everyone!

Welcome to Zhangjiakou.My name is Liujingzhen,a tour guide of Happy Jurney Agency.Our driver is Mr Li,and the car we take is a East branded,white coloured,with the number 666888.Please pay your good attention to it.I’m glad to serve as your guide today.Here,please allow me to express our hornest greetings to all of you on behalf of our agency.Now,please keep your body-baggage in good care and be ready for getting on.

(in the car)

Now it’s 8:00 sharp,January 7th,2005.With the new year’s happy atmosphere,I hope we can have a enjoyable holiday together.I have to remind you that the weather in the north is very cold ,so please keep yourselves warm enough.

Let me say something about our trip. Hebei is situated at the north of the lower reaches of Huanghe River (Yellow River). Its capital is Shijiazhuang.At the Spring and Autumn Period, because the Kingdom of Yan dominated its northern area, while the Kingdom of Zhao occupied its southern area, Hebei was called The Land of Yan and Zhao.

Now we are going to Zhangjiakou,it located in the northwest of Hebei, 1990 kilometers away from Beijing, is the border area of Beijing.There are 4 districts and 13 counties under the administration of the government,Zhangjiakou has a long history and there are many cultural relics and places of historic interests,which are kept as witness of history,telling us stories that once happened in this old land.

北京长城英文导游词 ·岳阳楼英文导游辞 ·重庆英文导游词 ·西藏英文导游词

(get off)

Ok,we arrive at our destination now.Please take all your baggages,we are going to get off.Take is easy,we have enough time.Would you please give a second look to the car we take :East branded,white coloured.

Now this is Dajingmen Gate,it locates in the nouthern part of Zhangjiakou.Two mountains named Eastern and Western peace stand facing each other..In 1927,when general Gao Weiyue,the superior of Chahaer mounted it ,impressed by the plains and mountains,he wrote down such words:大好河山.These four words is of great strength,in compliance with Dajingmen.

Dajingmen Gate witnessed the prosperity and downfall of the frontier tea-horse trade in the Ming Dynasty. It also made merchants both home and abroad gather in the leather metropolis, i.e. It became an important commercial pass because of the well-known leather, lamb and dried mushroom..

In 1673,the twelfth year of Kangxi,emperor of the Qing,Wu Sangui rebelled.Under the leading of the emperor Kangxi,thousands of brave Qing soldiers outside the Great Wall crossed Dajingmen Gate in force and marched southward,making a foundamental contribution to the repression of the “Three Region Rebellion”.Shortly after that,Ge erdan,chief of a northern tribe,led his army to invade and disturb southward for several times,making a substantial loss to the business between Zhangjiakou and Kulun,which is Wulanbatuo nowadays.So the eight business men who had provided the Qing with consistant arms and surplies before and after Qing’s crossing of the Great Wall,and therefore were granted great honor,wrote to emperor Kangxi,asking for a suppression.

The emperor had the idea to suppress them long before,so in the year1697,he led punitive expedition against Ge erdan in person for the third time.The main troop acrossed the very place: Dajingmen Gate,and marched northword.The local people gave a warm farewell to the army and served a good refreshment.Finally this war ended with the chief’s suiside.Under the suggestion of the local people when heard the happy news,a Literator called Zhang Zicheng wrote down some words:内外一统,which means all around China unified.Then they carved it on a piece of flat cliff.And now,although 300 yesrs has gone,it remains legible and in a good condition after so many years of corrosion of wind and rain.It embodies Chinese people’s desire for unity of country and peace of living.

Till now,our visit of Dajingmen Gate is going to be over.Wish today’s visit bring you satisfaction and enjoyment.

Ladies and Gentlemen:now we are on the way to the airport.In this departure time,I appreciate deeply our friendship.Although we only have spent less than five days together,we have visited Chengde Summer Resort and East Mausoleum of Qing,appreciated the beautiful sight of Baishang grassland,watched the excellent performance and tasted the local flavour.

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Hello everyone, welcome to the Huang Shan Mountain who seems like fairyland on the earth. My name is Wang Ping, I’m from Anhui travel agency; you also can call me Xiao Wang. This is the driver Master Li who has a lot of experience; you can be assured of our traffic safety on the road. Next, I will do my best to provide warm and thoughtful service for everyone; I hope you will be able to actively cooperate with our work. If there is something wrong, please give me your suggestion. At the same time, I wish you have a pleasant tour today.

Let me briefly explain the Huang Shan Mountain. In Mount Huangshan we find all beauties of nature; it occupies an area of 1200 square kilometers in South Anhui Province. As a double entry on the list of UNESCOs Heritage of Culture and Nature,Huang Shan Mountain is one of the top ten national spots. And it is also the National 5A level scenic spot. Xu Xiake, a great Chinese traveler visited this place twice and left “behind you wont want to visit any other mountains after seeing wu yue, but you won’t wish to see even wu yue after returning from huangshan.”

Theres a story behind the name of Huang Shan Mountain. Are you interested? Long long ago, Huangshan was called Yishan. In Tang Dynasty, the emperor Xuanzong ordered renamed Huangshan according folklore. This folklore said it was the place where Emperor Xuan Yuan attended the heaven in here. Huang Shan Mountain opens her generous arms to the guests from all over the world. Its well-known for its four wonders; do you know it?

The strange pines are unique. Huangshan pines are seen in every corner of Huang Shan Mountain. You will be amazed by their vitality and strength. The seeds fall into the crevices where they take root and grow with great vigor. So they become crooked and even downward. A representation of Guest-Greeting Pine, Guest-Goodbye Pine, Cushion Pine, Phoenix Pine and Chessboard Pine.

The Absurd Stones also are unique. Spectacular rocky peaks will inspire your imagination. Some look like human beings, birds, animals or many other objects, it makes the stones even more

fascinating when seen from different. It is amazing that every stone has its own fantastic legend.

Huang Shan Mountain is home to clouds and mists. The Sea of Clouds has a fairy tale beauty. Winter is the best season for this spectacle. According to their locations, the seas of clouds are divided into East Sea, South Sea, West Sea, North Sea and Sky Sea.

To be able to refresh yourself in the hot springs on Huang

Shan Mountain，it must be one of the best ways to enjoy and relax. Legend has it that Huang Di, the ancestor of the Chinese nation, bathed here 49 days before he ascend to heaven and became immoral.

Well, ladies and gentleman, our tour is coming to the end, thank you for your cooperation and support. In this way, please forgive me in unconsidered place. Finally, I wish you always happy and healthy.

清真大寺位于西安市鼓楼街北隅的化觉巷内。因为它与大进修巷的清真寺对象遥遥相望，并且局限较大，故又被称为东大寺或清真大寺，为世界重点文物掩护单元。

据寺内现存石碑记实，清真大寺建成唐玄宗李隆基天宝元年(742年)，距今已有1250多年的汗青。经宋、元、明、清屡次重修和护建，慢慢形陈局限弘大，楼台、亭殿机关紧凑调和，肃静肃穆的构筑群。清真寺前后分四个院落，占地面积13000多平方米，构筑面积5000多平方米。前院紧临照壁的木牌坊，高约9米，琉璃瓦顶，挑角飞檐，雕梁画栋，极为壮观。南北双方为仿古构筑的迎接室。

第二院是悬挂“清真寺”匾额的五间楼。院内树木成荫，花园对称分列，石制牌楼耸立其间，碑阴雕刻有闻名书法家米芾、董其昌的题字。

第三院是敕赐殿，院中央是三层布局优良的八角形省心楼。南北两厢是经堂、宫殿，内里珍藏有阿拉伯文和华文翻译的《古兰经》及贵重书画等。

第四院中心是一真亭，又名凤凰亭，南北各有面宽七间的厅房。南厅后有石碑廊，陈列着建设和重修清真寺的碑刻。

一真亭后有海棠形鱼池喷泉，亭南北各有一座碑亭。进石门，走上辽阔的大月台，大殿就在正端。大殿面阔7间，进深9间，面积约1300平方米，可容纳千余人同时作星期。殿内天棚藻井，有画600余幅，彩绘图案纷歧，墙壁刻蔓草斑纹，套刻古兰经，构图着色，均示意中国伊斯兰教寺院构筑和宗教彩画的特色。

Welcome to Yunnan, Welcome to Tengchong! It’s my honor to be your guide.Today we are going to visit the volcanoes and hot springs in Tengchong, whichare the most famous here.

As we will get there in a few minutes, first allow me to give you a briefintoduction of Tengchong. Tengchong is located in the southwest of China andoccupies an area of 5800 square kilometers. There are 23 nationalities here,such as 汉、傣、回、白 nationalities and so on. When we mentioned Tengchong, threethings will come into mind, which are: the volcanoes and hot springs having10,000 years, the border city having 1,000 years and the fair of jade having 100years.

Later we will get to the volcanoes and the hot spring, so now I can tellyou something about the latter two ones. They all can reflect the long historyTengchong has. Tengchong is a city on boarder. And because of its location, ithas been an important place for military reasons. And that’s a part of itshistory. It’s also regarded as the county of manners, and it is the hometown ofso many famous people. And another part of its history is that Tengchong is onetrade center of jade between China and Burma. So don’t forget to get a round tothe jade fair. I think you will feel interested.

OK, everyone, here is the Library of the Volcanoes. Now let’s have a lookat .The volcanoes in Tengchong are famous in China, and it’s one of the fourgroups of volcanoes in China. The strong extravasations are the cause of thelandform of Tengchong. There is a lieder in Tengchong saying that:” Such a placeTengchong, nine in ten mountains have no peaks.” It’s very vivid, from that youcan see so many volcanoes are in Tengchong. There are 97 volcanoes in Tengchongnow with high value of tourism and scientific research.

A park is the oldest existing yangzhou, the best preserved salt merchants garden, yangzhou dongguan street, a famous ancient lane in the south, north to the east of yangzhou river sight belt yanfu, is in the twenty-third year of qing jiaqing (1818) and huaibei salt total yellow to the narration of the house. For yangzhou representative of the classical private garden in the Ming and qing dynasties. Published in 1998 by the state council as a "national key cultural relics protection unit", and the Summer Palace in Beijing, chengde summer resort, and the humble administrators garden and called Chinas four big gardens in suzhou.

Through a complex, right against the face to see a building ground brick gate house, this is he garden gate, enter the door, came to the backyard of he garden, the garden can be divided into two parts, east and west. Now we stand by the position of the hospital is to the east garden, through the "send the noise hill" round David came to the east garden. East hall centered constitute a set of compound, appear in front of our eyes in front of the two hall, the south is embedded with "phoenix peony" brick of the hall, we call it the "peony hall". This brick is yangzhou a rare piece of brick carvings handicraft in the late qing dynasty, the middle with the peony and phoenix, pattern, around the shape of the peony foliage is inverse, decorative pattern is hydrophobic, knife and lively, smooth lines, the whole picture, the figure is outstanding theme, distinct, strewn at random have send.

All the buildings in the east, the most delicate to ship to the north of the hall, hall like a boat, pebbles, tile floor, steps prior to pattern for water wave shape, the artistic conception, give a person with water north laid red phoenix in morning sun, is a symbol of auspiciousness, long life. On both sides of the ship main hall hall with the excessive couplet: "month masters may visit, the flowers for the walls ship for the home." Tourists, when you look at the picture face after, you may have to forget this is a land landscape, as if walking in the lake, sitting in row in the brain. We have to admire those designing in a castle in the east garden landscape can make "water without water, without the mountains have affection". In hall ship back on the fire wall is a beautiful rockery, more than 60 meters long, there are scenic mountain on the settle way, with the hollow, water around the mountain line, mind the plum tree, the mountain have a small pavilion, to board the small pavilion series floor. From a distance, rockery is like a great rivers of the motherland. If compared the fire wall to the painters rice paper, then in front of sidewall rockery is just draw good landscape painting, give a person the sense with long, round the corner is infinite thoughts. This is the east garden. Please visit freely and take photos.

In the tranquil little village of Wuzhen, the light hangs over the Dong ShiRiver in a soft summer pallour, as though the clouds are making a deliberateeffort to protect the residents from sunburn. Along the river, a select group ofday-trippers enjoy a cruise aboard a pole-steered barge. Im highly privilegedto be visiting the very last of Chinas ancient "water towns" to be opened tovisitors.

When the authorities opened the 1,300 year old riverine settlement ofWuzhen to visitors in early 20__, they were determined to avoid the tacky mix oftourist restaurants and kitsch souvenir shops that has swamped other estuarytowns such as Zhouzhuang (which also lies in the Yangtze River delta). Wuzhensold buildings, an architectural symphony of stone, wood and tiles, have beenpreserved rather than restored, and lovingly maintained rather than tarted up.The result is a place that is a sheer joy to explore on foot.

Wuzhen is still a living town, where daily life goes on life goes on as ithas for the last thousand or so years. Coppersmiths, wood-carver andsilk-spinners work at their age-old crafts. Bicycle rickshaw drivers exchangestories as they wait for passengers. People cart water, cook meals, and tendtheir gardens, each flower-plot the size of a postage stamp.

The townsfolk of Wuzhen gather in the town square around mid-day - talking,smoking or playing mah-jongg. They seem laidback and contented. Most of all,they seem to enjoy observing the passing parade, which provides a constantsource of amusement. I started to wonder whether it was the town or the strangeforeign visitors like myself that was the main attraction. Western visitors arestill a rarity here.

Wuzhen lies in the far north-east of Zhejiang province, about 90 minutes byroad from Shanghai. The name "water town" is especially apt; besides lying onthe Grand Canal, the settlement is completely encircled by two rivers - the DongShi and a smaller tributary, which meet at a T-junction. No matter where youstand, water provides the backdrop, the raison dêtre of the whole town.

About 250 families used to live in the old quarter of Wuzhen. However,following the "restoration" of the town, many townsfolk have been moved out tothe "new" Wuzhen, an attractively landscaped but otherwise characterlessapartment block 15 km down the road towards Shanghai. Those who remain aremainly the elderly and craftspeople. While I was assured that there is nothingto stop new residents moving into the old town, young people nowadays seemstrangely absent.

The old wooden shops of Wuzhen look ageless and immovable, as though theirtimbers have totally defied the ravages of time. At first, one suspects that thecustodians of the town have tried to cover up the decomposing processes ofnature. But look more closely and you find slow rot setting in around the basesof the doorframes, and splinters breaking away from the lintels. What littlerestoration has been done is so inconspicuous as to be totally indistinguishablefrom the original.

All the buildings in Wuzhen are in Ming or Qing Dynasty style. One palatialestablishment is the "Double Happiness" Marriage Shrine. Twin hearts are joinedin a nouveau-Chinese character in gilt upon a flaming crimson background,presumably depicting the inseparability of marriage - perhaps the Chinese knowsomething that we Westerners dont.

Wuzhen also has some unique attractions, including Yu Liuliangs Coin andPaper Money Exhibition. Nearby (would you believe) stands a Pawnshop Museum, asif to prove that usury is universal. (Maybe fortunately, Wuzhen has the onlysuch establishment Ive ever come across). I tried looking for a Qing DynastyDVD player in the pawnshop, but was sadly disappointed.

No fewer than eight stone bridges cross the Dong Shi River, the grandest ofthem being the Fengyuan Double Bridge. The bridge is separated into two parts bya wooden sluice gate. Cyclists carry their bikes across the high arches of thebridges, which are designed to let boats pass underneath without difficulty.

Back in the main square, the elders are still hanging out. On the villagestage, a performance of Peking Opera is underway. Across the square, a masterpuppeteer entertains visitors with a shadow-play of the type known in Java aswayang kulit. But while the Javanese version of shadow puppetry is subtle andrefined, the Wuzhen style has the protagonists attacking each other with theferocity of tigers.

Whether by accident or design, this town seems to have been dropped intoits watery setting by a master town planner from another galaxy. A more perfectlocation for a settlement would be difficult to find. It is fervently to behoped that tourism will augment rather than destroy the unique ambiance ofWuzhen.

The Great Wall is like a dragon, "leading"), is the shanhaiguan qinhuangdao. Qinhuangdao, because in 215 BC, the first emperor qin shihuang east tour of China at this point, and sent into the sea god named, is Chinas only a city named by the emperor epithets.

Qinhuangdao main tourist attractions: beidaihe scenic area, shanhaiguan ancient city, yan lake, board factory has been the Great Wall, the gold coast, qinhuangdao Olympic sports center, soyama primeval forests, canyons, nandaihe international amusement center, qinhuangdao wildlife park LeDao Ocean Park, the new Australian underwater world, the dove nest park, our caravan left changli county ecological agriculture sightseeing garden, fishing community beidaihe scenic spot where putaogou, meng jiangnu temple.

Qinhuangdao climate type belongs to the warm temperate zone, is located in the semi-humid zone, belongs to the temperate zone monsoon climate. Greatly influenced by the ocean, climate is mild, dry little rain in spring, warm summer without heat, cool autumn more sunny, no cold winter long, suitable for tourism, summer.

Qinhuangdao bohai sea in the south, north depends on yanshan, huludao city, liaoning province in the east, west of tangshan, near Beijing and tianjin, located in the bohai economic circle center of the most potential for development, are the two major economic zones of the northeast and north China. Beidaihe, shanhaiguan qinhuangdao, haigang district, three districts and FuNing, changli, rulon, qinglong manchu autonomous county of the four counties.

Qinhuangdao is the only one for the emperor China master the name of the city, a tang dynasty writer han yu, one of the eight people of tang and song dynasty.

东路以建筑为主。东有两山南北奔趋，两山各在东南和东北转折成围合状。建筑分三个小院。，南面靠东院入，抬头是一精致垂花门，入内为狭长院落，院内当年种竹，正厅为大戏楼之后部，西厢为中路明道堂之后卷，东厢为一排厢房，院西为另一个狭长院落。入口月洞门，曰:吟香醉月。北面是东路的主体建筑大戏楼，戏楼自成一个小院，面积达685平方米，院内有前厅、观众厅、舞台、扮戏房等，厅内装饰豪华，是王府的观戏处。

西路以山水为主。西路的起始部分从飞来峰西走，在南端是两山之间的一个雄关。关名曰:榆关，榆关即长城的山海关，是长城的象征，素有天下第一关之美称，当年，清代皇帝就是从此入关，在园中设此关足以表示园主不忘记清祖从山海关入主中原的丰功伟绩。榆关之前是西路的中心大方池，方池东南角出细流折东与福河相连，大方池之中有一个方形小岛，岛上是观鱼台，以此来喻庄子濠上观鱼之乐的典故;池西是西山;池前有五间堂屋。东出抄手廊与中路滴翠岩的曲廊相接。

全园以福字贯穿，表明主题明显。山势围合有新意，榆关雄峙也有新意，但东部建筑较多，中部曲廊的围合也不够有机，特别是理水较差。从堆石、建筑、植物、格局上看仍有北方园林特点。

恭王府位于什刹海北岸的恭王府是世界最大的四合院，也是今日北京城里，60余座清代王府中保存最完整的一个。分为平行的东、中、西三路。中路的3座建筑是府邸的主体，一是大殿，二是后殿，三是延楼。延楼东西长160米，有40余间房屋。东路和西路各有3个院落，和中路遥相呼应。王府的最后部分是花园，20多个景区各不相同。

恭王府是清道光帝第六子恭忠亲王府第。前身为乾隆时大学士和砷的邸宅。嘉庆四年(1799年)和砷获罪，邸宅入官，嘉庆帝将其一部分赐给其弟庆僖亲王永磷，是为庆王府。以后咸丰市将庆王府收回，转赐其弟奕沂，是为恭王府。咸丰、同治年间曾整修，并在府后添建花园。

经典导游词开场白(一)

亲爱的游客们：

您们好!现在我们将要去草原了!

看啊，这里的天使多么可爱，空气是多么清鲜。我们在天底下看，一碧千里，而并不茫茫。那些正在吃草的羊群，像不像一把洁白的珍珠撒在草原上?这种境界，无法用言语表达!既使人惊叹，又叫人舒服，既愿久立四望，又想坐下低吟一首奇丽的小诗。看啊，这骏马和大牛都有时候静立不动，我想，它们是在回味草原的乐趣吧。

经典导游词开场白(二)

大家好，我是你们此次北京之旅的导游李承哲，欢迎你们来到北京，愿你们有个愉快的旅程。今天，我要带大家游览的是恭王府花园。说起恭亲王，大家都很熟悉，他就是我们在电视连续剧里见到的清朝的大贪官和珅，他有两大特点：一是权大，二是钱多。权大，是指他官居总理级，炙手可热;钱多，是指他贪污的银两，富可敌国。

现在我们大家看到的是“独乐峰”，这是一块高 5 米多的太湖石，有人说它的形状像一尊站立着的“送子娘娘”，所以它又叫“送子娘娘石”，据说和珅确实是见了此石才有了孩子。

经典导游词开场白(三)

大家好我是你们的导游----岳导游。

欢迎光临世界文化遗产——颐和园。 很荣幸为大家服务。现在我带大家一起去游览颐和园，大家跟我来吧!

各位游客，这里就是有名的长廊，这里长七百多米，分成273间。请大家抬起头，看!每一间的横槛上都有五彩缤纷的画，画着：人物、花草、风景，你们相信吗?这几千幅画当中没有哪两幅是相同的。大家细细欣赏吧!

我们现在去的就是万寿山。展现在你们眼前的这座山就是万寿山。请你们抬头向上望，耸立在半山腰上的那座八角宝塔形的三层建筑就是佛香阁。下面的一排排金碧辉煌的宫殿，那就是排云殿。现在我们去的是昆明湖，这湖面积大约220平方米，湖中心还有个小岛。走过石桥，就可以去小岛上，这座石桥有十七个桥洞，叫十七孔桥，你们可以走过石桥，去小岛上玩。

Chaya mountain scenic area is located in SuiPing county Zhumadian, 25kilometers away from downtown, a total of 150 square kilometers, averagealtitude of 600 meters. It is the first scenic area published in Henan,presently that wins national geological parks, national forest park and national4A scenic spots. Because of its exquisite scenery that builds a strangebeautiful scenery scroll, Chayamountain is honored “Huaxia basin” and “Jiangbeiforest of stone”. The poor landform, so that is the military commanderbattleground. As the valuable and non-renewable geological heritage, the ChayaMountain includes the steepness of Huashan Mountain, splendor of TaishanMountain, peculiarity of Huangshan Mountain, elegance of Emei Mountain andtranquility of Yandang Mountain. As the only granite landform ruins in China,also rarely seen worldwide, Chaya Mountain has great scientific values.

And now, we have got into the ChayaMountainscenic, the whole scenic isdivided into four parts, namely Beeswax hill, Southhill, Northhill, six peakshill. The essence of scenic spots is mainly concentrated in the Southhillparts,just the part were going to visit today. The mountain is bestowed with anagreeable climate and abundant resources. In each season, there is a splendor ofbeauty. In spring, birds sing and flowers give forth fragrance; in summer, theumbrageous woodlands can be seen and clinking sounds of flowing spring water canbe heard; in autumn, the mountain is fiery with maple leaves and in winter,clothed in white snow and ice。 Ok, please attention to look forward;we saw thehighest peak of the rock firstly that is the landscape of “monkey look uponmoon”, the protruding part in the center is “the sleeping Tang monk”,turn right45 degree, we will see the “drinking Bajie”. You will see his opening mouth andvertical tongue and pretty belly poured drunk in hillside, his childlike sceneis so lifelike that reluctant to leave.And then, we can see a peak that is“Beewax peak”, why entitled this name? It is side that there are full of wildflowers on the whole hill, so many bees are collecting pollen come here. And thehoney is too much and nobody collect it, so these honey were curdled in thestone. Every summer, the hill wasshined by the strong sunlight irradiation;honey will be flowedout the stone, and the whole mountain looks like besmearcovered with a thick layer of beeswax, so peopleput the mountain

named "Beeswax Mountain".And the lake under the mountain also got abeautiful name Xiumi lake. ChayaMountain, compared with other mountains has itsunique, the upper mount roll over one another, everywhere is strange stone, andmountain peaks, buton the bottom have thousands of holes. The MillionMan hole isone of them.Due to natural form of MillionMan hole is the underground cave, sothere are many holes in it, like a big giantmaze.And the space of the hole canaccommodate tens of thousands of people, therefore the name "million manhole".Enter the second door of the scenic area; we canpause to look upon theleft, a big tree hanging on the steep cliff. Its leaf is thick and cold, and itsdry resistance is strong. According to the provincial forestry bureau expertsidentified, it has been growing 600 years at here. Why it can survive in thisenvironment? Experts said that the root of the tree have a special function thatits root can secrete a kind of liquid that can dissolve microelement in therock, the tree will rely on absorption this rarely microelement to keep itslife.This also responds the saying:” The survival of the fittest”. Let’s keepmoving, now we came to the center of the scenic spot stone monkey park. EnterMonkey Park like into a monkeys warm home, three monkeys feel happy, pictured aharmonious family scenes.Look, there was a deep gorge in the north of the stonemonkey park that is the boundary between Chaya Mountain’s north hill and southhill. The stone monkey before our eyes that are the largest lifelike stonemonkey in the world. Looking at stone monkey at penglai three holes, seem to seea pair of embraced young lovers. But atxiumi lake area, then you can see thepeculiar landscape that elder monkey back younger monkey, it is real that astone three scenes. It is the time that ended the explain of Chaya mountain,then you can look around freely, after half an hour, we will gather at themountain’s door and have a lunch, please take full use of the time. Thank foryour cooperation!

the Native Place of Emperor Huangdi

The Native Place of Emperor Huangdi is located in the north of XinzhengCity. As a scenic spot of 4A- class assessed by the National Tour Bureau, it isa holly land for Chinese people all over the world to worship their ancestors,with memorial temples, andmausoleums of Emperor Huangdi situated here. Everyyear on March 3 of the lunar calendar, the day when the first emperor in Chinaestablished the first nation in Chinese history, people of Chinese origin fromhome and abroad gather in Xinzheng, the birthplace of XuanyuanHuangdi, or theYellow Emperor, to offer sacrifices and worship this legendary ancestor of theChinese nation. To respect this great Emperor, his descendants have held largeceremonies of worship, which have been attracting descendants of Yanhuang fromAmerica, Japan, Korea, Canada and other nations and areas each year. They comeback to worship, seeking their roots here in China.

Now, Here we are, The Native Place of EmperorHuangdi.This square was builtin the end of 1998.It covers an area of 15,000 square meters,of which 7,900square meters are covered with trees and flowers. It has become a very importantplace for the domestic and overseas Chinese descendants to hold large-scaledactivities to worship their ancestors. In the center of the square here is athree-legged tripod caldron, whichwas cast in the shape of bears, reminding ofthe Emperor Huangdi’s rising from the Youxiong Tribe. The three-sided body ofthe tripod caldron has the embossment of three dragons with a fireball, implyingthe glorious sun and praying for favorable weather for crops and a harvest.Standing at the center of the altar, it is laurelled as “the No.1 tripod caldronof the world” for its unparalleled size and its special origin. It is 6.99meters in height, 24 tons in weight, which has been registered in the GuinnessWorld Records. The height number of 6.99 made up of figure 6 and 9 implies themajesty of grandness in traditional Chinese culture. Through the Xuanyuan Bridgeabove the JishuiRiver , here we can see the main hall. Please look at the pairof the guarding animalssitting on both sides of the gate.They are stone bears.Do you know why chose bears to guard the gate? Because 5,000 years ago,thereused to be many bears in Xinzheng. Bear was a kind of animal,very powerful andfierce then. In order to show people’s worship, the Youxiong Tribe regarded bearas the totem of their own tribe. Well, let’s enter the hall, there’re 8 muralpaintings on the wall,which vividly depict the

great achievements of the Yellow Emperor during his life.They’reThe Birthof the Yellow Emperor,Making Boat and Chariot,Setting up an alliance byEmperorHuangdi and Emperor Yandi, Crusading AgainstChiyou,Making Youxiong theCapital, Holding High the Dragon Flag, Developing Agriculture and Stock Raising,Creation of Chinese Civilization. It’s a long story behind these paintings: Itis recorded that, in the Prehistoric Times, there lived many clans and tribesaround the Yellow River and the Yangtze River, yet Huangdi was the most renownedtribal leader at that time. When the tribe lead by Yandi began to decline,Huangdis tribe was flourishing. During this period, Chiyou,another triballeader, often lead his stronger tribe to invade other tribes, and invadedYandis tribe. With the help of Huangdi, they defeated Chiyou.After 52battlesHuangdi united China. All Chinese, despite nationalities, regardedHuangdias our ancestor. Huangdi, the initiator of Chinese civilization, was henceworshipped by his descendants. After the capital was built,EmperorHuangdi raisedhis flag of dragon, symbolizing the unification of all tribes. The dragon wasintegrated with different parts of various animals: horse’s head, deer’s horn,tiger’s mouth, snake’s body, fish’s scales, and eagle’s claw. Since then, dragonhas been the symbol of Chinese nation. On the both sides of the main hall,there’re eastern wing hall and western wing hall.In the east side hall,there isthe statue of LuoZu, the first wife of EmperorHuangdi. She was the first personto raise silkworm and weave silk in ancient China and alsoan outstandingrepresentative of ancient Chinese women. Every feudal dynasty set up temple forher and worshipped her as “the first ancestor in silkworm raising”. While in thewest side hall, here is the statue Mother Mo, the fourth wife of EmperorHuangdi, who had invented the earliest “loom”for weaving. Later generationscalled her “mother Mo---the ancestor of weavers”.

华山英文导游词

hua shan is the highest of china’s five sacred mountains. it is 120 kilometers east of xian. it has five peaks that resemble the petals of a flower. the highest peak is 2180 meters (7085 feet).

we had had discussions about going to hua shan with some graduate students from computer science. that didn’t work out due to changes in schedules on both sides. also, they were planning to do the climb at night to be able to reach the peak at sunrise. that did not appeal to us. we wanted to spend a night on the mountain. fran’s department arranged a trip for us, making reservations at the simple hotel on the north peak. they sent two graduate students to accompany us, though they had not been to hua shan before. we met them at 8:00 on saturday morning and took a taxi to the train station. there we asked around and located a mini-bus. the bus made a couple of stops. one was to see a presentation about the traditional medicines grown on the mountain and a chance to buy some of them. it probably would have been interesting if we understood chinese. our guides gave us the general outline about what was said. the other stop was a quick lunch stop.

there are two approaches to hua shan. [chinese proverb: “there is one road and only one road to hua shan,” meaning that sometimes the hard way is the only way.] the west entrance involves 10 kilometers of walking on a road before you start climbing. we went with the east entrance, where the bus brings you to the base of a cable car that goes up to the 1500 meter north peak. our plan was to walk up to the north peak, then climb to the four other peaks the next day and take the cable car down.

we started the climb in the early afternoon. the path consists of stone steps with rough chain link handrails in the narrowest areas (we wore our bicycling gloves for hand protection). physically, it is more like climbing the steps of a skyscraper than trails at home. however, the temperature was about 95 degrees and there was not much shade. we brought lots of water, including some bottles that we froze and some gatorade that we got at the fancy department store in downtown xian. there are plenty of refreshment stands along the way where you can buy bottled water, the chinese equivalent of gatorade, and other drinks or snacks at a premium price.

we reached the north peak before 4:00 pm and rested at the hotel. our room was basic, but comfortable and clean enough. because water is scarce on the mountain, there were neither showers nor sinks available for washing. in that sense the experience felt like camping, but we were sleeping in a big tent!

after dinner at the hotel restaurant, we spent some time talking with our guides. we were a bit surprised to find that they both think of japan negatively, but like the u.s. it seems that japan’s wwii behavior in china has not been forgotten, and is emphasized in school.

we saw a beautiful sunset and watched the sky become resplendent with thousands of stars, including the milky way galaxy. this was the clearest sky that we have seen in china. the fresh air at hua shan is a treat!

our guides had both been planning to get up at 4:00 am to watch the sunrise. fran and i made sleep a priority. we did happen to wake up a bit before sunrise (our room faced east) and went outside to watch the sky become rosy. ironically, our guides missed the sunrise because they had stayed up late watching the european soccer championships on the television in their room

the plan for the day was to climb the other four peaks, but we reserved the right to shorten the route. the first part was a steep climb to middle peak. after the low north peak, all the others are at roughly meters. there were crowds on the way to middle peak – mostly chinese hikers but we did see a few other wai guo (foreigners) as well.

we visited two taoist temples en route to middle peak. each one had an altar with incense and offerings of fruit. the friendly monks invited us to say a prayer or to send blessings to loved ones. fran accepted their invitation. at the first temple, she lit incense sticks and knelt on a cushion in front of the altar saying a silent prayer for our safe journey to the various summits of hua shan (the prayer was answered). at the second temple, she knelt on a cushion in front of the altar and sent silent blessings to several friends who are experiencing challenging situations in their lives at present. after each blessing, she leaned forward and the monk struck a drum.

after middle peak, the crowds got much thinner. the next was east peak, which had a steep ladder climbing rock. fran was dubious about this ascent, but realized that the ladder wasn’t so bad and went for it. that was a good decision because we were then able to do a loop and the trails got almost empty at this point. after skirting the top of a cliff with a steep dropoff on both sides, we had a pleasant walk to south peak and west peak. there was even a small amount of dirt trail! the summit of south peak was the highest point on hua shan, so of course we asked another hiker to take a photo of our guides and us. the views from the tops of each peak were beautiful. hua shan and the surrounding mountains are very rugged and remind us somewhat of hiking in the southwestern united states or the sierras.

we took a route that eventually brought us to the main line returning down from middle to north peak. we were happy to have ascended each of the five peaks (petals) of flower mountain.

by cable car (the longest in asia), it was just 7 minutes down to the park entrance. we caught a shuttle bus into town, then transferred to a bus for xian.

our guides told us that we had walked up and down a total of 4000 stairs! we were glad that we did not have this information when we started. for three days after returning home, our sore leg muscles instructed us to take the elevator to our fifth floor apartment rather than climbing the stairs.

Xiaoling Tomb of the Ming Dynasty

Hello, everybody! Welcome to Xiaoling Tomb of the Ming Dynasty. It is the first world cultural heritage site in Nanjing.

Xiaoling Tomb is situated at the southern foot of Zijin Mountain in the east part of Nanjing, Jiangsu Province. It is the burial place of Zhu Yuanzhang, the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty, and his wife empress Ma. As one of the largest imperial tombs existent in China, Xiaoling became a major historic and cultural site under state protection in 1961. On July 3, 20xx, together with the 13 Ming Tombs in Beijing, it was accepted into the World Heritage List as an associated site of “the imperial tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties”.

Ming Dynasty was the penult feudal regime in China’s history. Its founder, Zhu Yuanzhang, was often referred to as a “beggar emperor” for his miserable childhood.

Zhu was born into a poor peasant family in 1328 in Anhui Province neighboring Jiangsu. In 1344, a serious drought and plague swept the north of the Huaihe River. All his family members died in succession during the disaster. To support himself, he entered a monastery near his village to be a monk at the age of 17, but before long he was sent out to beg alms for survival until 1348. At that time, peasant uprisings against the oppression of the Yuan Dynasty broke out in many places. One of the strongest forces was the Red Tie Army, so named because every soldier wore a red tie on the neck. At the age of 24, Zhu ran away from the monastery and joined the army. There he fought bravely and showed great talent as a strategist. He was quickly promoted to be one of the leading generals and married the commander’s adopted daughter. When the commander died, he succeeded him. Under his leadership, the army became stronger. After wiping out all the other rivals