故宫游览导游词（推荐20篇）

各位游客，大家好。我是东厦旅行社的导游，名字叫余旭芸，大家叫我余导游就行了。今天，我们要去列入世界遗产的一座宫殿--北京故宫。

北京故宫始建于1420xx年，建成于1420xx年，是明清两朝的皇宫，又名紫禁城。故宫占地面积72万平方米，建筑面积15万平方米，屋子有9999间半。故宫四周饶10米高的城墙，外有50多米宽的护河城。现在，我们已经来到了北京故宫门前。各位游客们，你们看，这座故宫的四个城角上都有一座九梁十八柱七十二条脊的角楼。现在我们已经进入了外朝皇帝处理政事的地方。它们主要有三大殿:太和殿。中和殿。保和殿。现在，我们已经来到了太和殿，它是三大殿中最为高大的，它金碧辉煌，非常好看。看，这个台基四周矗立成排的雕栏，称为望柱，柱子上雕刻着云龙云凤的图画。非常显目且好看。我们出出进进都有四个门:南有午门，北有神武门，东有东华门，西有西华门。其中午门为正门。

游客朋友们：

大家好!首先请允许我代表沈阳市全体市民对各位的到来表示热烈欢迎!今天我为大家介绍的就是沈阳的风景名胜之一的“沈阳故宫”。

沈阳故宫始建于后金天命十年(1620xx年)是清太祖迁都之际草创，清崇德元年(1636年)由皇太极建成。1644年，大清迁都北京，“沈阳故宫”从此成为“陪都宫殿”。“沈阳故宫”是清太祖努尔哈赤和清太宗皇太极修建并使用过的宫殿，距今巳有360余年的历史。在全国现存宫殿建筑群中，它的历史价值和艺术价值仅次于北京故宫居全国第二位。它是中国历史上最后的一个封建王朝的发祥重地，也是清统一中国后东北地区政治经济中心。

沈阳故宫占地6万多平方米，有楼台殿阁各式建筑70余座，由20多个院落组成，总计房屋300多间。故宫按自然布局分为中路、东路和西路三部分。

中路：是太宗皇太极时期的大内宫阙。南端是大清门，也是故宫的正门。向北依次是崇政殿、凤凰褛、清宁宫，它们都排列在一条中轴线上，两侧还有一些对称式的附属建筑。

大清门是日常朝会时文武大臣侯朝的地方，也是清太宗接受群臣谢恩之处。明朝著名将领洪承畴降清后，就从此门进入，受到皇太极的接见。大清门东侧这处建筑叫祖庙，祖庙是爱新觉罗家族祭祀祖先的地方，因是天子的祖庙也称“太庙”。

顺着大清门北面的御路拾阶而上，台正中便是气势宏伟被称作“金銮殿”的政殿。它建于后金天聪六年(1632年)，崇德元年定名为崇政殿。崇政殿为五间九檩硬山式建筑，南北辟有隔扇门，前后是石雕栏杆。殿顶盖为黄琉璃，十分壮观。殿内掾间绘满飞云流水，梁架上全部是“和玺” 彩绘，给人以高洁典雅之感。殿内明堂有堂陛，前是金龙蟠柱，柱后有贴金雕龙扇面大屏风和金龙宝座，宝座两侧有鼎式香炉、轩辕镜和太平有象等装饰之物。殿前有大月台，月台东南角有日晷，西南有嘉量亭，都由大理石雕造而成。在月台上还设有四口大缸，都盛满清水以防水灾。古代称它是“门海”，来象征缸中水多似海可扑灭火灾，所以又被称作是“吉祥缸”。因为北方天气寒冷，所以每到冬天，就要在缸底点燃炭火。崇政殿是清太宗日常朝会议政的地方，1636年皇太极的称帝大典及清天聪十年四月“后金”改国号为“大清”的典礼就在这里举行。1644年清迁都北京后，历代皇帝东巡时，都在这里临朝听政。

崇政殿前，东西各有五间厢楼，东为飞龙阁，西为翔凤阁。殿后是一个院落，院正北有一座高约4米的高台，台上是皇太极极其后妃的寝区。沿台阶走上去便是一座金碧辉煌的高楼----凤凰楼。它的原名叫翔凤楼，直到1743年才有凤凰楼之称。凤凰楼是清宁宫的门户，也是皇帝策划军政大事和宴筵之所。它与崇政殿同期建成，康熙二十年重修。楼为三层，是三滴水式建筑。每层深广各三间，周围有回廊，下层的门洞是联络台上台下的道。风凰楼既是后宫的大门，又是整个宫殿建筑的制高点。在楼上观看日出，极为美妙。所以“凤楼晓日”、“凤楼观塔”是沈城著名的景观。凤凰楼正门上额的“紫气东来”金字横匾是乾隆皇帝的御笔。

过了凤凰楼就是太宗皇帝皇太极的后宫了。正中是清宁宫，清宁宫原叫“正宫”，是五间十一檩硬山式建筑。东一间是皇太极和孝端文皇后博尔济吉特氏的寝宫，称暖阁。正中隔一间璧，把寝宫分为南北两室，南北室各有火炕，又称“龙床”。1643年皇太极就在南室“端座无疾而终”，终年52岁，后葬于昭陵。西四间为皇帝祭神、行礼的神堂。清宁宫庭院的东南角有一根朱红色木杆，木杆顶端有锡斗，这木杆叫索伦杆，满族人称它为神杆。锡斗内放米谷碎肉来喂乌鸦。

清宁宫两侧是东西配宫，东配宫有关雎宫、衍庆宫;西配宫有麟趾宫和永福宫。东西配宫均为皇太极和妃子们居住之所。清宁宫西北角有一根由地面垒起，低于屋背的烟囱，人们从正面是看不见的。从清宁宫这一系列建筑中，我们可以发现沈阳故宫的两大建筑特点：一是保存了浓厚的满族特色即口袋房、万字炕、烟囱竖在地面上。二是宫高殿低，清宁宫及其四所配宫均高于皇帝议政的崇政殿和东路的大政殿。这是因为清朝夺取政权前，满族是一个牧猎民族，受生活习惯的影响，把居住的地方建在高处，以防野兽和洪水的侵袭。这与北京故宫恰好相反。

清宁宫高台之后是“后苑”，也叫“御花园”，内有碾磨房、二十八间仓、后宰门等建筑，是皇帝膳食的供给区。并有地下窨道与清宁宫相通。

在崇政殿、清宁宫高台两侧有“东所”、“西所”。东所由南往北依次是颐和殿、介祉宫、敬典阁等。东所是东巡时皇帝后妃给太后请安之处，也皇太后的寝宫和存放实录、玉牒之处;西所由南往北依次是迪光殿、保极殿、继恩斋和崇谟阁等。西所是东巡时皇帝、后妃及子女居住的地方和存放《圣训》、《满文老档》的地方。崇谟阁的建筑形式是别具一格的，它为卷棚式建筑，是在清乾隆年间增建的。

东路是以大政殿为主体，两侧辅以方亭十座，称“十王亭”。大政殿建于努尔哈赤时期，是故宫最早期八角重檐大木架亭子式建筑。大政殿下是高约1.5米的须弥座式台基，周围绕以雕刻精细的荷叶净瓶青石雕。殿身八面均有“斧头眼”式隔扇门，内外排柱40根，正门前有双龙蟠柱。殿顶是十六道五彩琉璃脊，正中是宝瓶火焰珠。殿内有精致的斗拱、藻井天花，梁架上用“和玺”彩绘，上有黄琉璃瓦绿剪边的顶盖。整个建筑显示出极强的美感和庄严秀丽的装饰艺术情趣。大政殿是皇帝举行大型庆典的地方，1643年清世祖福临在此即位。

大政殿前，正中是宽阔的甬道，两侧以八字形排列着十座方亭，这就是“十王亭”。从北至南，东边是左翼王亭、正黄旗亭、正红旗亭、镶蓝旗亭、正白旗亭;西边是右翼王亭、镶黄旗亭、镶红旗亭、正蓝旗亭、镶白旗亭。这是当年八旗首领固山额真和左右统辖八旗的亲王贝勒办公的地方。八旗制度在清王朝的军事政治及社会制度，民事管理等等很多方面都占有极为重要的地位，发挥着巨大的作用。大政殿与十王亭构成了一组亭子式院落建筑，它是清入关前八旗制度在宫殿建筑上的反映。设计者从局部建筑直至整体布局，处处突出“八”字。这种把军政制度巧妙地融合在建筑艺术中的做法，真可算是构思独特、别具匠心。

西路：以文溯阁为主体，前有戏台、扮戏房、嘉荫堂，后有仰熙斋、九间殿。文溯阁于乾隆年间兴建而成，是仿明代渐江宁波大藏书家范钦的“天一阁”所建。为面阔六间二楼三层硬山式建筑，顶盖为黑琉璃瓦绿剪边。根据五行八卦之说，黑是代表水，文溯阁是专为存贮清代大百科全书《四库全书》和《古今图书集成》而建的。书最忌火，以黑瓦为顶象征以水克火之意。文溯阁东有方形碑亭一座，内立石碑一块。碑阳面为乾隆帝撰写的《文溯阁记》，阴面为《宋孝宗论》。文溯阁东南宫门外有嘉荫堂，它与南面的戏台连成一个院落，是专为皇帝准备的娱乐场所。西路建筑除文溯阁外，其它建筑用卷棚式屋顶，显得十分别致，富有江南风韵。

沈阳故宫是清代遗存下来的最早一组宫殿建筑群，它是国家级重点文物保护单位，希望大家有机会来观光这座气派非凡的帝王宫殿。谢谢大家。

紫气东来，出自传说“老子过函谷关”的故事。传说当年函谷关令尹喜梦到次日清晨老子要路过函谷关，于是第二天天没亮清扫庭院，登上城楼。不久，果然老子骑着青牛，在冉冉紫气萦绕下，伴着仙乐来到此地，为他写了“五千字文”，这便是道教圣典《道德经》。乾隆皇帝题写的“紫气东来”含意是大清帝国是始于东方的盛京皇宫。今天，有没有圣人来呢?请大家向东方看一看那吉祥的云彩吧……

传说：早年，努尔哈赤在明朝总兵李成梁手下做勤务兵时，因他脚下长有红痣，认为他是未来夺取大明江山，有帝王之相者，便要除掉他。努尔哈赤闻讯仓皇逃跑，李率兵疾追，就在即将发现他时，一群乌鸦落在他的身上，在乌鸦的掩护下，才得以生还。努尔哈赤数年后成为后金之主，为感谢乌鸦救命之恩，告喻全族，永不屠鸦。所以索伦杆饲鸦便延续下来。

八旗制是由努尔哈赤组建起来的，努尔哈赤25岁开始了他用兵图谋霸业的戌马生涯。随着势力的壮大，努尔哈赤想建立一支强大而管理有序的军队，于是想到了民间自发产生的组织“牛录”这种形式。他在1620xx年组建了军队，把每300个战士组成一个“牛录”，每个“牛录”，打一种颜色的旗，这就是八旗的雏形。1620xx年后金建军的这一年，他又将4个“牛录”改为8个，在原来4种颜色的旗的基础上，各镶上不同颜色的边，成了8色旗，又把5个“牛录”组成一个“甲喇”，把5个“甲喇”组成一个“固山”，“固山”在汉语里的意思是旗，于是真正意义上的八旗便诞生了。

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亲爱的游客们：

大家好!我是来自环球旅行社的金牌导游——齐浩然，大家可以叫我“小齐”。这次的故宫之旅就由我来带领大家参观。(开门见山开头，直接引出下文，很好!)

好,客车马上就要启动了,我先给大家个绍一下故宫的历史背景。故宫是北京市中心的一座城之城，又叫紫禁城。这是明清两代的.皇宫，是我国现存的最大最完整的古代宫殿建筑群，有近六百年历史了......(背景介绍，过渡，使文章富有内涵!)

到站了,各位游客跟着我走,不要跟丢哦!紫禁城墙有十米多高，有四座城门：南边午门，北边神武门，东西两边分别是东华门和西华门。大家继续向里走，我们沿着这条笔直

的大道行走，就会来到午门前。来,大家看，这就是“午门”。午门俗称“五凤楼”，是紫禁城的正门，往里走是一个宽阔的广场，这条弯弯的小河就像是一条玉带横贯东西，河上有五座精美的汉白玉石桥。桥的北面是太和门。对，就是这位游客指的北方，那里有一对威武的铜狮子守卫在门的两侧。

再往里走，就会看到太和殿、中和殿、保和殿、乾清宫、交泰殿等。在这里我就不过多介绍。接下来是自由活动时间，大家一定要保护好故宫里的环境，不能乱扔垃圾，留下不好的印象。

半天的旅行快结束了，我相信，大家一定有了不同的感觉，(感受)想必中华文明的璀璨历史，一定会给大家留下难以磨灭的印象!

在这里，我也衷心祝愿大家身体健康，万事如意，期待咱们下次再见!

各位游客大家好，很高兴成为你们的导游，我叫陈子安，大家叫我陈导或小安都能够，我会尽自我全力为你们服务。

故宫位于北京市城区中心，是明、清两代的皇宫，是当今世界上现存规模最大、建筑最雄伟、保存最完整的古代皇家宫殿。故宫又叫紫禁城。紫禁城是中国五个多世纪以来的最高权力中心，它以园林景观和容纳了家具及工艺品的9000个房间的庞大建筑群，成为明清时代中国礼貌无价的历史见证。1987年，北京故宫被联合国教科文组织列入《世界遗产名录》。

北京故宫有很多古老的殿，有太和殿、中和殿、保和殿……

此刻我们来到了故宫中最重要的院落--——太和殿及其广场，那里就是皇家举行盛大典礼的地方。太和殿象征皇权的至高无上，太和殿俗称金銮殿，是我国现存木结构大殿的杰出典范之作。太和殿始建于公元1420年，当时叫奉天殿。之后，该叫皇极殿。清顺治皇帝登基后，重修三大殿，并将皇极殿改为太和殿。

太和殿高装饰用的彩绘为最高等级的金龙和玺。殿顶形式为最高等级的重檐庑殿顶，就连大殿正脊上的吻兽也是我国目前最大的，总之处处显示“第一”，那是皇帝认为“老子天下第一”思想的体现。

好!那里能够拍远处太和殿的全景，各位能够在此留个影。

各位朋友，北京故宫到处都有美丽的景色说也说不尽，期望你们细细游赏、拍照。可是要注意不要乱扔垃圾那些，祝你们玩得开心!

教师评价：全文贴合导游词的写法框架，“各位能够在此留个影”的句子显得导游很有人性化。相信大家会喜欢你的。

故宫位于北京市城区中心，是明、清两代的皇宫，是当今世界上现存规模大、建筑雄伟、保存完整的古代皇家宫殿。故宫又叫紫禁城。紫禁城是中国五个多世纪以来的权力中心，它以园林景观和容纳了家具及工艺品的9000个房间的庞大建筑群，成为明清时代中国文明无价的历史见证。1987年，北京故宫被联合国教科文组织列入《世界遗产名录》。

故宫座北朝南，开有四条门。故宫的正门叫午门，意思是正午的太阳光芒四射。在10米高的城墙上耸立着五座崇楼，楼顶飞檐翅起，从上面看就象五只展翅欲飞的凤凰，故午门又称五凤楼。它建成于公元1420xx年，位于端门之北，雄伟壮观。此外午门的门洞为明三暗五，就是说从南面看是有3个门洞，从北面看是5个门洞。

进入故宫首先出现在面前的是五座汉白玉石桥，它们象征五德，即仁、义、礼、智、信，是皇帝集美好的品质为一身的意思。金水桥下是内金水河，跨过金水桥就来到了太和门广场，这里就是明代皇帝御门听政时百官待驾的地方。

各位朋友，先自我介绍一下……今天我将带大家参观故宫博物院，现在我先为大家作个简单介绍。

故宫位于北京市城区中心，是明、清两代的皇宫，是当今世界上现存规模最大、建筑最雄伟、保存最完整的古代皇家宫殿。故宫又叫紫禁城。紫禁城是中国五个多世纪以来的最高权力中心，它以园林景观和容纳了家具及工艺品的9000个房间的庞大建筑群，成为明清时代中国文明无价的历史见证。1987年，北京故宫被联合国教科文组织列入《世界遗产名录》。

各位朋友，现在我们已经进入故宫。这里是故宫第一进院落，首先出现在我们面前的是五座汉白玉石桥，它们象征五德，即仁、义、礼、智、信，是皇帝集美好的品质为一身的意思。金水桥下是内金水河，跨过金水桥就来到了太和门广场，这里就是明代皇帝御门听政时百官待驾的地方。

好，下面请各位去参观末代皇帝溥仪举行登基大典礼的太和殿。现在我们来到了故宫中最重要的院落--太和殿及其广场，这里就是皇家举行盛大典礼的地方。好！这里可以拍下远处太和殿的全景，各位可以在此留个影，过一会儿，我再给大家介绍一下太和殿。

太和殿高35米，东西长64米，南北宽33米，面积为2377平方米。它面阔十一间，进深5间，规模为紫禁城内大殿之最。装饰用的彩绘为最高等级的金龙和玺。殿顶形式为最高等级的重檐庑殿顶，就连大殿正脊上的吻兽也是我国目前最大的，总之处处显示"第一",那是皇帝认为"老子天下第一"思想的体现。

看完了太和殿，我们再来看中和殿。大家请看！中和殿是皇帝在大典前等待吉时、稍事休息的地方。下面，请大家跟我来一起参观当时的国宴厅--保和殿。

各位朋友，这座大殿是故宫前朝三大殿中的最后一座大殿，叫保和殿。这座大殿被称为清代的国宴厅及科举考场，自乾隆皇帝以后，这里便成为每四年一次的皇家科举考场。

好啦！故宫的前三殿讲解到此结束，现在请大家参观保和殿并稍适休息，我们10分钟后集合，谢谢大家！

各位，故宫整个院落分为两大部分，即"前朝"和"后寝"."前朝"是皇帝举行盛大典礼的地方，以太和殿、中和殿、保和殿及东西两侧的文华殿及武英殿为主。"后寝"是皇帝及后妃、未成年的子嗣们居住的地方，主要以乾清宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫及东西六宫为主。现在，我介绍一下故宫的后半部分，即"后寝".

各位朋友，现在我们来到了乾清宫，这是皇帝在紫禁城中居住和处理日常政事的地方。乾清宫分为中殿、东暖阁及西暖阁三个部分。正殿是皇帝处理日常政务、临时按见大臣的地方，殿中设有皇帝宝座及御案，正中挂着一块"正大光明"匾，那是清朝皇帝的祖训，作为治国、修身、平天下的基本准则。东、西暖阁是皇帝晚上住宿的地方。

由于时间关系，我们就先讲到这里，现在请各位随我去参观交泰殿。各位请看，这座四角攒尖顶的大殿叫交泰殿，这座建筑是明清两朝皇后过生日时举行寿庆活动的地方。在大殿后墙匾额上有"无为"二字，那里是康熙皇帝的御笔，意思是希望后代能够以德制国，施以仁政，以图国家长治久安。

各位朋友，现在我们来到了紫禁城的后花园--御花园，这里是帝后们的休闲娱乐的场所。大家可以在这座名字叫堆秀山的假山前拍照留念。

好啦，各位朋友，故宫中路的讲解到此结束。

大家好，欢迎大家来到故宫游玩，我是今天的导游:邵，大家以后可以叫我小邵，今天我们来游览太和殿、中和殿和御花园这三处景点。

首先我来说一下进入故宫的注意事项:

1、要注意自己的人身安全和财物安全。

2、不要乱扔垃圾，注意

环保

3、保护文物，不要乱写乱画。

下面我来介绍一下故宫，故宫位于北京市中心，南北长961米，东西宽753米，面积是15.5万平方米，是世界上现存最大、最完整的古建筑群，故宫是明、清两代皇家居住的地方，据说居住过24位皇帝。

我们先进入午门，大家面前的就是太和殿，太和殿是皇帝与朝中大臣商议朝事是的地点。

咱们继续往前走，现在在大家面前的是中和殿，中和殿是皇上赶赴太和殿时稍作休息的地方。

最后在大家眼前的就是御花园，相传当时的御花园都是有图案的鹅卵石做成的，当时的太后慈禧看着上面的图案十分有趣，便命人照着上面的火车图案做了一个，但她感觉让火车开起来太可怕了，便让人拉着火车跑，自己坐在上面。御花园到后来就变成了宫中娘娘们赏花、娱乐的地点。

我的介绍完毕了，祝大家玩得愉快，再见!

大家好!我是本次的导游，您可以称呼我为小王。一会儿，我们就要到闻名全国、并被誉为世界五大宫之首的北京故宫了。

大家注意了，大家如果不想让垃圾包围故宫，那就别乱扔垃圾。有孩子的旅客也要照顾好小朋友。

首先我要向您介绍一下它的历史：北京故宫，又名紫禁城。今天，人们把它称为故宫，意思便是过去皇上住的皇宫了，它还是现存世界上最大、也是最完整的古代建筑。故宫面积约是723，600 平方米。相传故宫共有9999间房。故宫宫殿的建筑则是清一色的木结构、黄色琉璃以及青白石底座和金碧辉煌的彩画。

殿内的陈设也非常的多。金銮宝座是明代的遗物，清朝的皇帝继续使用。在袁复辟的时候，曾经将它换成了一个中西合璧，不伦不类类似沙发的座椅，解放以后，专家们在家具库中发现了原来的宝座，经过一年多的整修，终于恢复了它本来的面貌。

殿内的地平床高6尺多，上面设有屏风，宝座等，在台面上还有香亭、仙鹤等等。在皇帝上朝的时候，就要点燃檀香，烘托出一种神秘的气氛。殿中有一只象，身上驼着宝瓶，里面放有五谷，寓意天下太平，吉庆有余。而象身四脚立地，稳如泰山，象征社会和政权的稳固。称为太平有象。角端，是传说中的一种神兽，象征着当今皇帝是圣明之君。仙鹤被古人认为是一种长寿鸟，象征着江山长存。香亭是从香炉演变而来的，放在殿中，象征着国家安定。在太和殿外还有很多的陈设。日：是我国古代的计时器，在此处标准的北京时间 嘉量则是乾隆年间全国的标准化计量器，在乾清宫前也有一个。铜龟铜鹤都是长寿的动物，放置在这里也是寓意长寿。在故宫内有大小水缸308口，用来防火，叫做太平缸。在太和殿外的这两个镏金大缸，重2吨，可是上面的黄金却被八国联军用军刀刮走了。围绕着太和殿，还有一些故事。在1908年12月，四岁的溥仪在太和殿登基，他的父亲跪在宝座下，扶着他，可是溥仪却哭喊着说：“我不再这儿，我要回家，我不再这儿，我要回家。”他的父亲只好说：“别哭了别哭了，快完了。”典礼结束以后，文武百官窃窃私语说这不是个好兆头。果不其然，三年以后，孙中山先生领导辛亥革命胜利推翻了清王朝，结束了中国的封建帝制。可是在1915年，袁窃取了辛亥革命的胜利果实，自称“洪宪皇帝”，企图恢复封建社会，还在太和殿搞了登基典礼，把三大殿中匾额上的满文统统去掉了。而且还命令京城内的煤铺把墙上的“元煤”去掉，把元宵改为汤圆。不过他只作了83天的皇帝，就在全国一片倒袁声中死了。

亲爱的游客们：

大家好!

我是你们的导游，我姓张，可以叫我小张，也可以叫我张导。请不要在墙上、古代物品上刻画，也不要乱扔垃圾哦!

故宫位于北京市中心，旧称紫禁城。它是明代和清代的皇宫，也是世界现存最大、最完整的古代建筑群，被誉为五大宫之首。

故宫开始建造于明永乐四年至十八年，也就是公元1406年至1420年。

你们看!故宫的四个漂亮的大门，我来告诉你它们的名字吧!正门名为午门，俗称五凤楼。午门一般只有皇帝才可以出入呢!状元、榜眼和探花的人只可以从此门出入一次。后门“神武门”，明朝为“玄武门”，因为玄武是古代四神兽之一。清代康熙年间因避讳改为“神武门”。“东华门”与“西华门”是个“对门”门外设有下马碑石，门内金水河南北流向，上架石桥一座，桥北还有三座门。

快点儿，快点儿，快点儿去太和门吧!太和门里有三座大殿，分别是太和殿、中和殿、保和殿，你们自己去看看吧!二十分钟之后记得回来找我哦!

看!那儿是内廷，内廷就是皇帝、皇后和妃子们生活的地方。快去看看吧!因为内廷比较长，所以拿着你们手中的地图，三十分钟后我们在御花园里碰面哦!

御花园里鸟语花香，草木茂盛。各位家长注意孩子的安全，不要让他们爬假山。还有不要折鲜花和小草哦!

哦，我们到出口了。好了，我们这次的故宫游玩到此结束了。

大家好!我叫朱芮娴，是你们的导游，今天我将带大家参观故宫博物院，你们可以叫我朱导。

现在我先为大家作个简单介绍一下，故宫是世界上现存规模最大的古代皇家宫殿建筑群，故宫又叫紫禁城。紫是天上君王居住宫殿的颜色，那么人间的帝王当然要与紫字沾边。禁是指当时那里守卫森严，不要说是普通老百姓，即使是高官大员没有皇帝的召见也不能私自入城，否则就会引来杀身之祸，是皇家禁地，所以又称紫禁城，整座城池建成于公元1420xx年，位于天安门广场北侧。 整个院落分为二大部分，即前朝和后寝。前朝是皇帝举行盛大典礼的地方，以太和殿、中和殿、保和殿及东西两侧的文华殿及武英殿为主。后寝是皇帝及后妃、未成年的子嗣们居住的地方，主要以乾清宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫及东西六宫为主。除此之外，故宫内还有很多其它各式各样、用途不一的大小宫殿。据说当年紫禁城共有宫殿九千九百九十九间半，够多吧! 1920xx年孙中山先生领导的辛亥革命推翻了中国长达两千多年的封建社会。1920xx年清帝退位。1920xx年10月10日故宫博物院首次对外开放。1949年新中国成立后先后多次对故宫进行修缮，使它更加壮丽辉煌。1987年北京故宫被联合国教科文组织列入《世界遗产名录》。

大家请看，故宫四周有的紫工色的宫墙，它高约10米，长约3.5公里。高墙四面都建有高大的城门，南为午门即故宫正门。北为神武门，城墙四隅各矗立着一座风格独特、造型绮丽的角楼。宫墙外围着一条宽为52米的护城河，使故宫成为一座壁垒森严的城堡。

接下来，大家随我一起去看看最富丽堂皇的建筑，被告称为金銮殿的太和殿。这是皇帝举行大典的地方，大家往里看，大殿高28米，东西宽63米，南北长35米，这里有直径达1米的大柱92根，围绕御座的6根大柱叫蟠龙柱，是用沥粉金漆做成的。在我们正前方就是皇帝的专座御座，设在殿内高2米的台上，前有造型美观的仙鹤、炉、鼎，宝座是镀金的，扶手是镀银的，4个香炉是用香木做的，可谓是富丽堂皇。后面有精雕细刻的围屏。整个大殿装饰得金碧辉煌，庄严绚丽。

参观完了太和殿，大家再随我往后走，一起去看看中和殿和保和殿。这三个殿构造大相径庭，中和殿是皇帝去太和殿举行大典前稍事休息和演习礼仪的地方。保和殿是皇帝宴请外蕃王公贵族和京中文武大臣之处。保和殿最让人惊叹的是殿后有一块石雕。石雕长16.57米，宽3.07米，厚1.7米，有200多吨重。上面雕着波涛汹涌的大海，腾云驾雾的飞龙。听到这儿，大家不禁想说故宫真不愧为中国宝贵的文化遗产呀!

在故宫博物院里收藏着大量珍贵文物，据统计总共达1052653件之多，占全国文物总数的1/6，其中有很多件是绝无仅有的国宝。在几个宫殿中设立了历代艺术馆、珍宝馆、钟表馆等，爱好艺术的人可以去自由观赏一下，以加深了解故宫。

好了，我的讲解到此结束，请大家自由参观，记得要注意卫生，除了照片，你什么也别带走;除了身影，你什么也别留下。11时在这保和殿门前集合，可别耽误哟!

Known to the world, places of historic interest and scenic beauty arelocated in the bustling bustling old city of Shanghai on the West Bank ofHuangpu River, North Road by blessing Road, East Anren street, and Shanghai TownGods Temple and Yu Garden shopping mall in the West. It is a world-famoussouthern Shanghai classical garden. Yu Garden is a famous classical garden inthe south of the Yangtze River. Yu Garden was built in the Ming Jiajing period.It was built by Pan Yunduan, a cloth governor in Sichuan in the Ming Dynasty. Ithas a history of more than 400 years.

As soon as I entered Yu Garden, I felt as if I was at the time of the lateMing and early Qing Dynasty. With the stream of people, I gradually walked intoa small square that could hold more than a thousand people. Standing in thesquare, there was a fan exhibition in the center, and some paintings andcalligraphy on the fan side, some of them were undulating, some were gracefuland graceful, some were soft and strong.

Looking around, the top of the 8-story Tianyu Building is Ninghui building.People stand on the painted attic to enjoy the picturesque scenery. On the frontis Huabao building. Every Spring Festival, people like to sit here to watch thepavilion. Behind them is Heye building, also known as the snack square. On theeast side of the small square is Town Gods Temple, the annual "three inspectionday", that is, the days when the God of the city is on patrol. The residents inthe Shanghai city are nine rooms in the house. All the residents are at theChristmas palace of the City God (March twenty-eight). All the businessmen inShanghai and Town Gods Temple, including the nearby temple, are all decoratedwith lanterns and lanterns, celebrating Christmas for the God of the city. If ithappens to be a holiday, it will form a scene of tourists gathering, pedestriansweaving and popularity.

Antithetical couplet, a Shao Huaze couplet hung on the two pillars besidethe gate along with the stream of people, and the ancient city of Town GodsTemple, the God of Pan Gongming, cast the essence of the century. Shen Cityfavours the old temple and rebuilds the glory of the century.

At this time, I was already intoxicated in the beautiful scenery.Unconsciously, I came to the Jiuqu bridge. There were a lot of people on thebridge. Under the bridge, fish were flying to the bottom. The quiet lake wascovered with green lotus leaves, like a dense emerald fan, which covered thelake tightly. On the surface of the lake, there are many colors floating, likesomeone scattering a string of pearls below. When the breeze blows slowly, theripples on the surface of the lake are as beautiful as the wrinkles of a newsatin.

The wall in the garden is winding and undulating. The top of the wall isdecorated with a dragons head, and is made of tiles to form a Lin shape, whichsymbolizes the dragons body. A pile of walls, like a dragon swimming, is calledthe dragon wall. In ancient China, the dragon is the symbol of feudal emperors,which can not be used for decoration on buildings. Yu Garden was built at theend of the Qing Dynasty when the dragon wall was built, and the Dragon had onlythree or four claws to avoid the suspicion of "five claw Golden Dragon".Dianchuntang was the North command post of Shanghai Xiaodaohui uprising army in1853. Yulinglong is a 4-meter-high, exquisitely carved stone standing in frontof Yuhua hall. It is said to be a relic of huashigang in Song Dynasty. The mainbuilding of Sansui is the Sansui hall. The building is spacious. It was theplace where the host held a banquet. In addition, a pair of iron lions of theYuan Dynasty, an old vine of more than 300 years old and a Ginkgo biloba of morethan 400 years old are also worth watching in the garden.

Its ancient and long history, its folk style of color and flavor makesShanghai the most famous tourist attraction in Shanghai.

大家好!我是本次导游，大家一定都知道北京的故宫吧?没错!北京故宫是享誉世界的历史遗产，是明、清两代的皇宫，也是世界现存最大、最完整的古建筑群。被誉为世界五大宫之首。它位于北京市中心，旧称紫禁城。接下来就让我带大家去游览一番吧……

由天安门进入，穿过一片青砖铺地的广场，便到达紫禁城的正门——午门。故宫有4个门，正门名午门，东门名东华门，西门名西华门，北门名神武门。午门俗称五凤楼，穿过午门，有广阔的大庭院，在3万多平方米开阔的庭院中，有五座精巧的汉白玉拱桥通往太和门。到了太和门，就进入了故宫的 “外朝”，故宫的建筑依据其布局与功用分为“外朝”与“内廷”两大部分。外朝以太和、中和、保和三大殿为中心，是皇帝举行朝会的地方，也称为“前朝”。过桥经过太和门便是雄伟的太和殿。这座殿堂有着一段曲折的故事，听说它被天火焚毁过三次，也修好过三次，而且更神奇的是整座宫殿的建造居然没有一颗钉子!内廷以乾清宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫后三宫为中心，两翼为养心殿、东、西六宫，绕过内廷，我们最后来到了御花园，御花园里栽满了奇花异草。一路走来，会闻到一阵阵淡淡的花香。是封建帝王与后妃居住所。

游览故宫，可以从天安门进，也可以由后门——神武门进经太和殿、中和殿、保和殿，穿过乾清门，便进入内廷，内廷分中路、东路和西路三条路线。如果是半日游，这三条路线只能游一条，一般可走中路。走中路可看乾清宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫、嫔妃所住的地方和御花园。一般来说，用半天时间游故宫，比较吃力，想要知识更广，大家就再细细去游赏吧!

故宫位于北京市中心，旧称紫禁城。是明、清两代的皇宫，无与伦比的古代建筑杰作，世界现存最大、最完整的古建筑群。被誉为世界五大宫之首（北京故宫、法国凡尔赛宫、英国白金汉宫、美国白宫、俄罗斯克里姆林宫）。故宫始建于公元1406，1420年基本竣工，是明朝皇帝始建。故宫南北长961米，东西宽753米，面积约为725，000平方米。建筑面积15.5万平方米。相传故宫一共有9999.5间房子，实际据1973年专家现场测量故宫有大小院落90多座，房屋有980座，共计8704间。宫城周围环绕着高12米，长3400米的宫墙，形式为一长方形城池，墙外有52米宽的护城河环绕，形成一个森严壁垒的城堡。故宫宫殿建筑均是木结构、黄琉璃瓦顶、青白石底座，饰以金碧辉煌的彩画。故宫有4个门，正门名午门，东门名东华门，西门名西华门，北门名神武门。

午门是故宫博物院的正门。因古代的风水术士将方位分为24个，其中正南方为午位，此门位于正南方为午位，故称午门。

故宫的建筑依据其布局与功用分为“外朝”与“内廷”两大部分。外朝以太和、中和、保和三大殿为中心，是皇帝举行朝会的地方，也称为“前朝”。是封建皇帝行使权力、举行盛典的地方。

故宫太和殿位于北京故宫博物院，是故宫外廷三大殿中最大的一座，也是故宫中最大的宫殿。民间俗称“金銮殿”，位于故宫南北中轴线的显要位置。建于明永乐十八年（1420年）。清康熙三十四年（1695年）重建。殿高35.05米，面积2377平方米，共55间，72根大柱，是故宫中最高大的建筑。太和殿是举行大典的地方，明清两代皇帝登极、宣布即位诏书，皇帝大婚，册立皇后，命将出征，每年元旦、冬至、万寿（皇帝生日）等节日都要在此受百官的朝贺及赐宴。？明清两朝24个皇帝都在太和殿举行盛大典礼，如皇帝登极即位、皇帝大婚、册立皇后、命将出征，此外每年过大节，皇帝在此接受文武官员的朝贺，并向王公大臣赐宴。

中和殿，故宫外朝三大殿之一，位于紫禁城太和殿、保和殿之间。始建于明永乐十八年，明初称华盖殿，重修后改称中极殿，现天花内构件上仍遗留有明代“中极殿”墨迹。清顺治元年，改为中和殿。“中和”二字是说，凡事要做到不偏不倚，恰如其分才能使用各方关系得到和顺，其意在于宣扬“中庸之道”。

保和殿于明清两代用途不同，明代大典前皇帝常在此更衣，册立皇后，太子时，皇帝常在此受贺。清代每年除夕、正月十五，皇帝赐宴外藩、王公及一二品大臣，场面十分壮观。赐额驸之父、有官职家属宴及每科殿试等均于保和殿举行。每岁终，宗人府、吏部在保和殿填写宗室满、蒙、汉军以及各省汉职外藩世职黄册。

内廷以乾清宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫后三宫为中心，东、西六宫、斋宫，后有御花园。是封建帝王与后妃居住之所。内廷东部的宁寿宫是当年乾隆皇帝退位后养老而修建。内廷西部有慈宁宫、寿安宫等。此外还有重华宫，北五所等建筑。

乾清宫是明清两代皇帝在紫禁城中居住和处理日常政事的地方。它是后三宫之首，位于乾清门内。“乾”是“天”的意思，“清”是“透彻”的意思，一是象征透彻的天空，不浑不浊，象征国家安定；二是象征皇帝的所作所为象清澈的天空一样坦荡，没有干任何见不得人的事。

坤宁宫是北京故宫内廷后三宫之一，坤宁宫在交泰殿后面，乾清宫代表阳性，坤宁宫代表阴性，以表示阴阳结合，天地合壁之意。

交泰殿殿名取自《易经》，含"天地交合、康泰美满"之意。是皇帝和后妃们？起居生活的地方，交泰殿为皇后千秋节受庆贺礼的地方，是皇后生日时接受庆贺礼的地方。清朝，于此殿贮清二十五宝玉玺，每方玉玺都有专门的用途。每年正月，由钦天监选择吉日吉时，设案开封陈宝，皇帝来此拈香行礼。清世祖鉴于明代宦官专权的教训，规定宦官不得干预朝政，所立“内宫不许干预政事”的铁牌曾立于此殿。皇帝大婚时，皇后的册立、宝安设殿内左右案上。交泰殿每年春季祀先蚕，皇后先一日在此查阅采桑的用具。

现在我们所在的是神武门，是故宫的北门，神武门原来叫玄武门，清代康熙年间重修时，为了避康熙皇帝玄烨的讳，改名为神武门。大家看到的故宫博物院这五个字是我国著名的文学家诗人，郭沫若先生所提，那么我们今天的旅游就结束啦，谢谢大家对我工作的支持，欢迎大家下次来故宫参观。

大家好，我是小导游，今天我要带大家一起参观闻名世界的故宫。

游客朋友们，我们已经来到了故宫，它又叫紫禁城，是明清两代的皇宫。故宫总共有四个门，南边的是午门，北边的是神武门，东边的是东华门，西边的是西华门。

我们现在来到的地方是太和殿。它是故宫三大殿之首，建在五米高的汉白玉台基上。殿高36米，宽63米，面积2380平方米。大殿正中，两米高的台子是金漆雕龙宝座。清明两代皇帝即位、诞辰以及春节、冬至等庆典均在此举行。

继续向前走，就到了中和殿，皇帝有事去太和殿之前，到这休息，接受大臣的朝拜。

最后一站，我们来到了保和殿，它也是三大殿之一。清朝每年的除夕和元宵会在此宴请皇亲和大臣。

今天的旅行到此结束，谢谢大家。

沈阳故宫始建于后金天命十年（1625年）是清太祖迁都之际草创，清崇德元年（1636年）由皇太极建成。1644年，大清迁都北京，“沈阳故宫”从此成为“陪都宫殿”。“沈阳故宫”是清太祖努尔哈赤和清太宗皇太极修建并使用过的宫殿，距今巳有360余年的历史。在全国现存宫殿建筑群中，它的历史价值和艺术价值仅次于北京故宫居全国第二位。它是中国历史上最后的一个封建王朝的发祥重地，也是清统一中国后东北地区政治经济中心。

沈阳故宫占地6万多平方米，有楼台殿阁各式建筑70余座，由20多个院落组成，总计房屋300多间。故宫按自然布局分为中路、东路和西路三部分。沈阳故宫是清代遗存下来的最早一组宫殿建筑群，它是国家级重点文物保护单位，希望大家有机会来观光这座气派非凡的帝王宫殿。谢谢大家。

各位游客：

大家好，我叫马知行，是这一次带领大家游览故宫的导游。下面我简单的给大家介绍一下故宫：

故宫1987年被列为世界文化遗产。它又称紫禁城，是明清两代的皇宫，故宫是世界上现存规模最大最完整的古代木结构建筑群，为我国现存最大最完整的古建筑群。它始建于明永乐四年(公元1420xx年)，历时20xx年才完工，共有24位皇帝先后在此登基。

故宫占地72万多平方米，共有宫殿9000多间，最吸引人的建筑是三座大殿：太和殿、中和殿和保和殿。它们都建在汉白玉砌成的8米高的台基上，远望犹如神话中的琼宫仙阙。

游览故宫，一是欣赏丰富多彩的建筑艺术;二是观赏陈列于室内的珍贵文物。故宫博物院藏有文物100万件。

游览故宫，可以从天安门进，也可以由后门——神武门进。我们今天选择从天安门进，用半天时间游故宫，大家会玩得比较累，请各位游客要有思想准备。

下面是自由游览的时间，现在是中午12点，请大家晚上6点在神武门集中，我会在那等着各位。祝大家玩得开心，谢谢大家!

Dear guests

Hello! Entrusted by the tourism and reception departments, I would like toextend a warm welcome to all the guests visiting Qufu, a famous city. I am veryglad to be accompanied by a tour guide. This is a good opportunity for us toenjoy and study together. Please leave your valuable comments after reading.

First of all, I would like to briefly introduce the history and culturalrelics of Qufu.

Qufu, a famous historical and cultural city, is the hometown of Confucius,a great thinker, educator, politician, literature arranger and sage of the worldin ancient China, the hometown of Mencius, the birthplace of Xuanyuan YellowEmperor, the ancestor of the Chinese nation, the capital of Yan Emperor, thehometown of Shang and Yin, and the capital of Lu. Four of the three emperors andfive emperors lived and worked here for more than 5000 years. There are abundanttreasures underground and numerous cultural relics on the ground. At present,there are 112 cultural relics, including UN protected units, 3 World CulturalHeritage sites, 4 national protected sites, 12 provincial protected sites, andothers protected at prefecture level.

The most important ones are "three Confucius, two temples and onemausoleum", "three mountains, two forests and one temple". Confucius Temple,Confucius Mansion and Confucius forest are commonly known as "three Confucius".There are temples dedicated to Zhou Gong, the sage of the Yuan Dynasty in China,and temples dedicated to Fusheng Yanhui, the first disciple of Confucius, whichare commonly known as "two temples"; Yiling is SHAOHAO mausoleum in Shouqiu, thebirthplace of Yellow Emperor; Sanshan; and Jiuxian mountain (also known asJiushan), the birthplace of Confucius. The second forest is: mengmulin, the bestmother to educate children in the world, lianggonglin, the burial place ofConfucius parents; "Yisi" is the place where Li Bai and Du Fu wrote poems,answered correctly and parted. The famous scholar Kong Shangren lived inseclusion in Shimen temple, the national garden.

Now lets look at the Confucius Temple.

Confucius Temple, also known as Zhisheng temple, is a place for offeringsacrifices to Confucius and his wife Qi Guan and 72 sages. Together with theForbidden City in Beijing and Chengde summer resort in Hebei, Confucius Templeis known as Chinas three major ancient architectural complexes. Experts saidfour words to Confucius Temple: the oldest, the most grand, the most completepreservation, and the most prominent Oriental architectural features. Twoproblems can be seen from the Confucius Temple: one is the great contribution ofConfucius to China and even the oriental culture; the other is that China hascraftsmen in history.

Confucius Temple was built in 478 BC, the year after Confucius died. In theformer residence of Confucius, three temples were built to display Confuciusclothes, cars, books and so on. The Confucius Temple was expanded by emperors ofall dynasties, including 15 major repairs, 31 medium repairs and hundreds ofminor repairs, reaching the present scale. The Confucius Temple imitates theimperial palace. It is divided into three layout, nine courtyards. It has 466houses and 54 gates and pavilions. It runs through a central axis from east towest. There are nearly one thousand steles, covering an area of 327.5 mu, whichis two Li and 150 meters long. The Confucius Temple we see now is the scale ofthe Hongzhi period of the Ming Dynasty. After liberation, the state allocatedfunds for maintenance and protection for many times. The first batch of nationalkey cultural relic protection units announced by China were listed as worldcultural heritage in December 1994, and became cultural relic units protected bythe United Nations. Confucius Temple has been built for a long time, has a largescale, and is completely preserved, which is rare in the world.

Shinto. "Wanren palace wall" before the ancient cypress vigorous thissection of the road is "Shinto". In front of important temples, there is aspecial way of respecting and understanding, which is called "Shinto".

Wanren palace wall. This gate is the South Gate of Ming City in Qufu, andit is also the first gate of Confucius Temple. It is hung with the fourcharacters of "Wanren palace wall", which was written by Emperor Qianlong ofQing Dynasty. It comes from Zi Gong, the proud disciple of Confucius. At themeeting of the state of Lu, it was proposed that Zigongs knowledge was broadand profound, which could be compared with Confucius. Zigong stood upimmediately and said, I dare not compare with my teacher Confucius. Humanknowledge is like a wall. My wall is only one Ren high, and my teachers wall isseveral Ren high. That is to say, my knowledge is equal to a shoulder high,clear at a glance, nothing profound; Confucius knowledge is several times asmuch as mine, after detailed research, comprehensive discussion, we canunderstand all of him, after entering the door, we can see the beauty of thetemple, you cant see it outside the door. In order to describe Confuciusprofound knowledge, later generations changed from the masters wall to "hundredRen" and "thousand Ren" to the emperor of Ming Dynasty who granted Confucius thetitle of "civil servant in the world, imperial teacher of all dynasties", andpraised Confucius knowledge as "ten thousand Ren". Looking up, we cant see thetop. It also said that the wall was very solid. These four words were originallywritten by the imperial envoy of Ming Dynasty. In order to show that he attachedgreat importance to Confucius, Qianlong replaced his imperial pen with hispersonal letter "Wanren palace wall".

Jin Sheng Yu Zhen Fang. This workshop was built in Ming Dynasty to expressConfucius exquisite and perfect knowledge, just like the whole process ofplaying music, which is complete from beginning to end. Ancient music beginswith the ringing of a bell, which starts with the sound of "the beginning oforder" and ends with the striking of a chime. The sound of "jade vibration" isthe sound of the falling of the chime, which is called "the end of order".Praising Confucius knowledge is a great achievement of the sages and sages, soit is called "the sound of gold and the sound of jade vibration". The sound of"golden sound" is the sound of the bell, which starts with the sound of "jadevibration" and ends with the sound of the chime. This is also the source of theidiom "start and finish". "Jin Sheng Yu Zhen" was written by Hu zuanzong, agreat calligrapher in Ming Dynasty.

"Two cypresses bear one hole". There is an ancient cypress in the East andwest of the single hole stone arch bridge passing yuzhenfang, so it is called"two cypresses bear one hole". This bridge is called "Panshui bridge", which isconnected with the water in the pan pool beside the palace, so it is called "panwater". In the past, when I read the book of Confucius and Mencius, I wasadmitted to higher education, which is called "entering hope". Officials hope tobe promoted, do business, hope to get rich, and live a prosperous life.

Dismount monument. Outside the temple wall, there are two stone tablets,the Xiama tablet and Xiajiao tablet, which were set up in 1191 ad. The stele inthe West had been destroyed, and the stele in the East said, "officials andpeople wait to get off here.". In the past, civil and military officials andcommon people passed by, dismounted and walked on foot to show respect forConfucius and Confucius Temple.

Lattice star gate. It was built in the Ming Dynasty and rebuilt in 1754 ad.it was made of wood instead of iron and stone. "Lingxingmen" was written byEmperor Qianlong. It is said that there are twenty-eight constellations in thesky. Among them, there is a star in charge of culture called "Lingxing", alsoknown as "Wenqu star" and "tianzhenxing". It connects Confucius with the star incharge of culture in the sky and says that he is the highest in culture. Forexample, in the past, when worshiping heaven, we should first worship "Wenqustar". There is a saying that respecting Confucius is like respectingheaven.

Taihe Yuanqi square. This workshop was built in 1544 A.D. in the MingDynasty. It highly praises Confuciuss idea that "the space universe can nurtureall things.". "The harmony of heaven and earth, the harmony of the four sides,the harmony of yin and Yang" is the most basic thing, the harmony of theuniverse and the vitality of the human world. "Taihe Yuanqi" is written by ZengMian, governor of Shandong Province.

The most holy temple. The "Zhisheng Temple Square" built in the MingDynasty is made of white marble, decorated with flame jewels.

The world of moral Mou, the road crown ancient and modern. The East andwest of the Taoist temple are lined with a very strange memorial archway.Surrounded by wooden corner edges, there are a thousand heads and ten thousandcontinuations. There are eight monsters under it, which are called "Heavendragon and God lion". It is said that it is dignified and inspired, which candrive away evil and uphold justice. In the eastern memorial archway, it waswritten: "demou heaven and earth", saying that the benefits of Confucius ideasto human beings are as high as heaven and earth, and the merits and virtues canbe compared with heaven and earth. The memorial archway in the West reads"Daoguan ancient and modern", praising Confucius thoughts and methods, whichare the highest in the world.

Holy time gate. The three gates are parallel, the four platforms are thesame as above, and the central Panlong. The name of this gate comes fromMencius. For the four ancient sages, Boyi, Yiyin, liuxiahui and Confucius,Mencius summed up the Four Saints holy deeds into four sentences: Boyi is thesage of the Qing Dynasty, Yiyin is the sage of the appointed, liuxiahui is thesage of the sum, and Confucius is the sage of the time. "Shengshi" highlypraises Confucius thought, advocates enduring, and is a sage suitable for thetimes. When the emperor came to Qufu to court Confucius, he had to kneel downthree times and knock nine times, and walk through the gate of holy time. WhenYan Shenggong was born, he opened the gate of holy time. All go fast, the gateis high.

Lets have a quick look at the gate. That is to say, Confucius knowledgeof "Five Classics and four books" means that those who learn first have culturefirst, and those who learn first have knowledge first. They compete to learn,and it is a pleasure to see first and read first.

Look up at the door. It was named after Yan Huis praise of Confucius. YanHui said that the teachers way is to raise the top and drill the bottom. PraiseConfucius for his lack of knowledge, which is called "Mi Gao". It is difficultto understand classical Chinese, which is called "Mi Jian". Gao is notunattainable, but can be learned through hard work. Yan Hui said, "the masterfollowed the rules and was good at attracting people. He learned from me inwriting and said that I was polite." My teacher is good at persuasion, teachingme culture and courtesy.

Han stone man. In the pavilion of yanggaomenli, there are two Han stonepeople with high historical value. One is the "Pavilion leader" (a localofficial of Han Dynasty), and the other is the pawn of the palace gate. They areall guards in front of the tomb of the king of Lu. The stone man is valued bythe ancient scholars of epigraphy, which is of great value to the study of HanDynasty clothing and writing.

Jinshui bridge, this bridge, with the same name as the bridge in front ofthe Forbidden City, is also called Jinshui bridge, also known as Bishui bridge,with three holes arranged in a row and green water rippling.

Hongdaomen. Crossing jinshuiqiao is the "hongdaomen" appointed by theemperor of Ming Dynasty, which means "people can promote Taoism, not Taoism" inthe Analects of Confucius. Confucius is an ordinary literati, why become asaint? Praise Confucius summed up the experience of sages, especially carryforward the Yao, Shun, Yu Tang, civil and military Zhou Gongs way. "To say thatpeople can command and create everything is to praise peoples subjectiveinitiative." There are two stone tablets under the Hongdao gate. The four edgedstone tablet in the East is the "history of Qufu", which records the history ofQufus evolution. It was established in the Yuan Dynasty and has high historicalvalue. In the west is the "epitaph of Mr. Chushi", which has high calligraphyvalue.

Big middle gate. Dazhongmen is the gate of Confucius Temple in SongDynasty. It is called "Zhonghe gate", which means that problems can be solvedeasily with Confucius thoughts. In the Ming Dynasty, the temple was renamed as"the great gate of the middle", praising Confucius knowledge as a collection ofhuman knowledge. In the middle, it means "the right way of the world in themiddle, the theorem of the world in the middle". Those who leave the middle arenot the right way, but the evil way. That is to say, no left, no right, fair andjust, forward is the mean. There are two turrets at the East and West ends ofDazhong gate, which are used to guard the Confucius Temple.

Tongwenmen, four famous brands, Confucian temple. There are four monumentsin the middle gate. The tablet of Hongzhi in the west of the Ming Dynasty talksabout the ethics of the cardinal principles. On the right side of the Hongzhimonument is the "Confucian temple map" drawn by Li Dongyang, a talented man ofthe Ming Dynasty in Changsha, Hunan Province, which is of high value.

Chenghua stele was erected by Zhu Jianshen, the emperor of Chenghua in MingDynasty. There are two situations that have attracted the attention ofcelebrities of all ages. First, Chenghua tablets regular script is wellwritten, standardized, exquisite and attractive; The second is the highestevaluation of Confucius. Emperors of all dynasties have commented on Confucius.The highest evaluation is emperor Chenghua. He compares Confucius ideas andmethods to eating, dressing and spending money. One day is inseparable fromthem. With Confucius principles and methods, one can make the best use of onestalents, materials and land. Otherwise, it will be a mess. It is said that ifthere is Confucius way, there will be a world. If there is no Confucius way,there will be no world. If there is anti Confucius way, there will be no world.Such as the inscription said: "I only have Confuciuss way, the world can not bewithout Yan, there is Confuciuss way, then the principle of justice and ethics,everything has its own place..., Confuciuss way in the world, such as cloth SuShu, peoples livelihood daily use can not be short of,... Born Confuciusvertical for the holy, lifes safety, benevolence and righteousness in theright, the rise of the teachers way, from travel 3000, to the holy is thenext."

Tongwenmen. The meaning of the word "human heart" is the same as that ofthe text. That is to say, only with concerted efforts and unity can we do a goodjob; the writing should be unified, only with unified writing can we record theexperience of historical communication, and random writing will lead toconfusion. Tongwen gate is an important barrier in front of Kuiwen Pavilion.

Kuiwen Pavilion, originally a library, is a place for collecting booksgranted by the emperor. It was built in the second year of emperor Tianxi ofSong Dynasty (A.D. 1018), and was changed into "kuiwenge" when Jin Zhangzongrebuilt it. This unique and majestic building is entirely of wood structure,which is an isolated example in the construction of China building. Afterseveral earthquakes, kuiwenge was not destroyed. In the earthquake of Kangxi 5years in Qing Dynasty, "nine out of ten houses fell, one out of ten remained,and kuiwenge remained motionless.". Li Dongyang, the Minister of the Ministry ofofficial in Ming Dynasty, wrote "kuiwenge Fu", praising the architecturalresearch value of kuiwenge. Its the stele at the east end of the corridor.

In front of the pavilion, the eastern and Western courtyards are called"zhaisu", which is a place for worshippers to fast and bathe. Dongyuan is theresidence of Yan Shenggong, where Kangxi and Qianlong spent their time to wash.The West courtyard is the shelter of the sacrificial staff. Kong zhaoxun, theseventy-one generation grandson of Confucius, inlaid more than 130 steles in thetemple for worshiping Confucius in the song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties onthe wall of the courtyard, so xizhaisu is also known as the stele courtyard.

Thirteen stele pavilions. This is the sixth courtyard of the ConfuciusTemple. There are 55 steles in the pavilion, which were erected in Tang, song,Jin, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. The contents of the steles are the emperors,Imperial Envoys worship of Confucius, the posthumous title and evaluation ofConfucius. The records of the previous construction of the Confucius Temple arewritten in Han, Manchu, Mongolian and basiba languages. Eight in the South andfive in the north, so it is called thirteen stele pavilions. Because they areall steles approved by the emperor, they are also called imperial stelepavilions. The third and sixth pavilions in the front row from the East werebuilt in the Jin Dynasty and are rare buildings in China. All the steles arecalled "imperial steles". "Mian" is the mascot. It is said that the Dragon Kinghas nine sons, and it is the eighth son. It loves "Wen" and is good at carryingheavy loads. The stone tablet has heavy characters, which is suitable for itscharacteristics. The image should be the dragon head, turtle body, Eagle leg andsnake tail.

From the east to the north, the third Pavilion is a monument erected byEmperor Kangxi. Beijing Xishan stone by the Grand Canal, economic South andtransported here. Experts calculate that the monument weighs 130000 Jin. It wassplashed with water and frozen along the way from Jining. Sometimes it came overon the ice and only went to the land of lying cattle one day. Qufu originallyhad good stones, which should be transported from Beijing to show the emperorsattention to Confucius. There are two steles in the southeast and southwest ofthe courtyard, all of which are the records of the princes and ministers whobuilt temples and worshipped Confucius. The calligraphy value is very high.

There is one gate in the East and one in the west, Yucui gate in the Eastand Guande gate in the West. Commonly known as Donghuamen, xihuamen.

From here, the Confucius Temple is divided into three routes. The fivegates are Dacheng gate, Jinsheng gate on the left, Yuzhen gate on the right,Qisheng gate on the West and Chengsheng gate on the East. The architecturalstructure of dachengmen is "intertwined, intriguing". The center is inserted as"hook center", and the top of the left and right four corners is "bucket angle".The three characters of dachengmen were written by Emperor Yongzheng. PraiseConfucius is a collection of sages and sages, reached the supreme realm.

The first teacher planted juniper by hand. The tall and vigorous cypresstree on the left of Dacheng gate was planted by Confucius. According to records:Confucius cut three cypress trees here. In the second year of Jin Zhenyou (A.D.1214), they were destroyed by fire. The trees withered and sprouted newbranches. There were "three withers and three glories", and there was a sayingthat "cypress trees were flourishing every day.". During the Wanli period of theMing Dynasty, Yang Guangxun, a gifted scholar, wrote five characters: "the firstteacher planted cypress by hand.".

Two long corridors. On both sides of the two equal rows of houses, a totalof 80, known as the "East and West veranda", is dedicated to 72 sages. Confuciusis known as a disciple of three thousand, 72 people who are proficient in sixarts, literature and martial arts, worshipped in the East and West. All theemperors of the past dynasties were entitled to the sages. Such as DongZhongshu, Han Yu, Wang Mingyang, Zhuge Liang, Kou Zhun, Yue Fei and so on. Bythe time of the Republic of China, there were 156. The last sage is Mr. LiangQichao. The original statues and tablets were changed to wooden tablets.Dongxiwu now displays a collection of Zhonggui stone carvings before the SongDynasty. The most precious national treasures of Zhou gongxunzi and batpracticing medicine are 22 stone inscriptions of Han and Wei dynasties. The"ritual stele", "Yiying stele", "Shichen stele", "Zhang Menglong stele" and "MiFu stele" with extremely high calligraphy value are rare treasures. There aremore than 100 pieces of "Han Dynasty stone carvings" on display in Xiwu. Theyare all well-known art treasures and precious materials for the study of Han,Wei and other historical and social life. There are 584 stone inscriptions ondisplay at the north end of the East veranda, which are the yuhonglou sutraswritten by Kong Jisu, the 69 generation grandson of Confucius.

Apricot altar. It was built in memory of Confucius lecture. Confucius wasteaching to his disciples on the platform under the big apricot tree. In 1018A.D. of Song Dynasty, Confucius had 45 generations

Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. How was your sleep last night? Great.Im sorry for the late delivery of luggage last night. Because the luggage cartbroke down, we had to ask for another one. By the way, have you opened yourluggage? No wonder its sunny outside. Our tour guide often says, "the guestshave brought sunshine in their bags." I thank you for that. Well, lets get backto business. I have announced the schedule for breakfast. Today we go to the oldcity of the sea, that is, the location of Yu Garden and Yu Garden shoppingmalls.

Our car is driving on the Bund. On your left is the famous Huangpu River.Well be here later.

To save time, I would like to talk about Chinas gardens and Yu Gardenbefore I get to Yu Garden.

In China, gardens are divided into three categories: Royal Gardens, privategardens and temple gardens. Yu Garden belongs to private gardens. There are manyskills in Chinese garden, such as borrowing scenery, blocking scenery and so on.But they are all made up of four basic factors. The four factors are water,plants, architecture and rockery. Most of the private gardens are in the southof the Yangtze River, because there are many water sources and rocks suitablefor rockery. Yu Garden was built more than 400 years ago in the Ming Dynasty.The owner of the garden, whose surname is pan, is a senior official. He builtthe garden to please his parents and let them enjoy their old age. Therefore,the word "Yu" of Yu Garden takes the meaning of Yuyue. It is a pity that hisparents could finally see the death of Yu Garden. In the late Qing Dynasty, thepan family was weak, and their descendants sold the garden to local guilds.There is another reason why Yu Garden has become a place of interest. In 1853,an uprising broke out in Shanghai, and a hall in the garden was used as aheadquarters. Today Yu Garden is a must. So I suggest that we dont getseparated when we get there. Its better for us to stay together, OK?

This is the parking lot. In case someone gets separated, please rememberthat the last three digits of the train number are 121. I think its better notto do that. I will hold the little red flag, and you will all accompany Mr.Zhang to the rear of the hall. Are you ready? Lets go. Please pay attention toyour bike when you get off.

女士们、先生们：

今天，我带领大家去故宫参观游览。

大家可以看到现在，那座耸立在台阶以上的三层建筑物就是故宫。故宫，又称紫禁城，是明清两代的皇宫，故宫是世界是现存规模最大最完整的古代木结构建筑群，为我国现存最大最完整的古代木结构建筑群。它始建于明永乐四年(公元1460年)，厉时十四年才完工，共有24位皇帝先后在此登基。 历史很悠久，请细细观赏。无与伦比的古代建筑杰作 紫禁城占地72万多平方米，共有宫殿9000多间，都是木结构、黄琉璃瓦顶、青白石底座，饰以金碧辉煌的彩画。这些宫殿是沿着一条南北向中轴线排列，并向两旁展开，南北取直，左右对称。这条中轴线不仅贯穿在紫禁城内，而且南达永定门，北到鼓楼、钟楼，贯穿了整个城市，气魄宏伟，规划严整，极为壮观。建筑学家们认为故宫的设计与建筑，实在是一个无与伦比的杰作，它的平面布局，立体效果，以及形式上的雄伟、堂皇、庄严、和谐，都可以说是上罕见的。它标志着我们祖国悠久的文化传统，显示着五百多年前匠师们在建筑上的卓越成就，怎么样，很佩服吧!

我们接着看。故宫里最吸引人的建筑是三座大殿：太和殿、中和殿和保和殿。它们 都建在汉白玉砌成的8米高的台基上，远望犹如神话中的琼宫仙阙。第一 座大殿太和殿是最富丽堂皇的建筑，俗称“金銮殿”，是皇帝举行大典的 地方，殿高28米，东西63米，南北35米，有直径达1米的大柱92根，其中6 根围绕御座的是沥粉金漆的蟠龙柱。御座设在殿内高2米的台上，前有造型 美观的仙鹤、炉、鼎，后面有精雕细刻的围屏。整个大殿装饰得金碧辉煌， 庄严绚丽。中和殿是皇帝去太和殿举行大典前稍事休息和演习礼仪的地方。 保和殿是每年除夕皇帝赐宴外藩王公的场所。

跟大家说，游览故宫，一是欣赏丰富多彩的建筑艺术;二是观赏陈列于室内的珍 贵的文物。故宫博物院藏有大量珍贵文物，据统计总共达1052653件之多， 统称有文物100万件，占全国文物总数的1/6，其中有很多是绝无仅有的国 宝。在几个宫殿中设立了历代艺术馆、珍宝馆、钟表馆等，爱好艺术的人 在这些无与伦比的艺术品前，往往久久不忍离去。设在故宫东路的珍宝馆， 展出各种奇珍异宝。如一套清代金银珠云龙纹甲胄，通身缠绕着16条龙，形 状生动，穿插于云朵之间。甲胄是用约60万个小钢片连结起来的，每个钢 片厚约1毫米，长4毫米，宽1。5毫米，钻上小孔，以便穿线连结。据说，为 制造这套甲胄，共用了4万多个工时。厉害!

由于时间关系，我们就先讲到这里，下面给大家2小时自由参观的时间，请大家不要在墙上乱涂乱画，保护文化遗产，希望大家玩的愉快。

各位团友，大家下午好。欢迎大家来到上海，我姓林，大家可以叫我小林。今天由我来带大家游览上海黄浦江。现在由我来介绍一下黄浦江的历史吧。

黄浦江是历史上最早人工开凿疏浚的河流之一，它全长114公里，宽约400米。黄浦江虽无名山秀岭可供观赏，但却有其独特的韵味。我们走到这边来，这条镌满经典与回忆的历史河，承载着上海进击世界城市的沉厚底气，这条未来河，洋溢着上海进击世界城市的蓬勃朝气。在刚刚过去的虎年，中国申办20__年上海世博会的成功，极大地推动了黄浦江脱胎换骨改造的历史性飞升。成为中国在新世纪向世界打出的又一张上海王牌。

大家请随我来，这就是黄浦江，大家一定很想自由活动吧!现在是下午六点，那我们七点到黄浦江的码头上集合，注意携带好随身物品，我们一个小时后见，拜拜!

“星星旅游集团”的游客们集合，现在我们要上船夜游黄浦江了。大家跟上。看对面就是著名的东方明珠，这个电视塔是上海最高的电视塔。大家看，那是金茂大厦，有88你乘电梯是，电梯好像没动一样，不信等一下，你们把硬币立起来，看硬币有没有倒。哦，上海的建筑物真是名不虚传呀，看，黄的红的霓虹灯闪闪发光，整个上海就像灯的海洋，光的世界;马路上的汽车川流不息……

好了，亲爱的游客们，你们慢慢欣赏吧，现在自由活动，两个小时后见，拜拜!