导游词的写法及范文（推荐20篇）

园区景点独具特色，设施完善齐全。有动物雕塑"群虎雕塑";中国最大的人工鸟笼——"鸟语林"，置身其中，人鸟同乐，仿佛回归大自然;中国第一条跨海客运索道，连接东西景点，鸟瞰山水一色，旖旎风光尽收眼底;大型海洋生物展示馆——"水下世界"珍品会聚，目不暇接，令人留连忘返;海洋动物表演馆，海狮、海豹的精彩表演，让人大饱眼福;马驷骥要雕艺术馆，精品荟萃，给游人以高雅的艺术享受。水下世界的美人鱼、泳装表演、动物表演场的动物表演，专场文艺演出精彩纷呈，处处洋溢着欢乐的气氛。虎滩乐园内美妙的水下世界全长220米，占地3300平方米。

步入"海底"，幽暗的灯光下，静静的沙滩，古老的沉船和各种鱼儿出现在你眼前，使人产生置身海底世界之感。这里展出有真鲷孔鳐、河豚、鲨鱼、马面豚、类嘴鲽象鼻、海龟、海豹、企鹅、活珊瑚、活海葵等海洋生物一百余种二千多史，色彩班斓五光十色，令人惊奇不已。重装、轻装、泳装潜水表演让你大开眼界。美人鱼潜水表演将安徒生的童话重现眼前。迷人的鸟语林坐落在虎滩湾西南的山谷，占地1.8公顷。林内放养有白、蓝孔雀、丹顶鹦鹉、百灵、画眉、白鹭等150余个品种一千余只鸟禽，似一个大家族在一起"和平共处"。鸟笼内的山石林木取之自然，游人随山间曲径迂回，可与鸟儿亲切"交谈"，回归自然，其乐无穷。鸟类表演场内为游客进行驯鸟表演，有白鹦鹉走钢丝、爬云梯、骑自行车、开火车开飞机等十余个精彩节目。数十只经过训练的孔雀，展翅东南飞，把千年古诗付诸现实，令游客叹为观止。

我是你们今天的导游，欢迎来到三江风雨桥，下面我给大家说说这里的故事。

古老的时候，还没有开辟平等大寨，侗家住在半山坡上，一个小山寨，只有十几户人家。有个小山寨里有个后生，名叫布卡，娶了个妻子，名叫培冠。夫妻两人十分恩爱，几乎形影不离。两人干活回来，一个挑柴，一个担草，一个扛锄，一个牵牛，总是前后相随。这培冠长得十分美丽，夫妻两人过桥时，河里的鱼儿也羡慕地跃出水面来看他们。

有一天早晨，河水突然猛涨。布卡夫妇急着去西山干活，也顾不了许多，同往寨前的小木桥走去。正当他们走到桥中心，忽然刮来一阵大风，刮得布卡睁不开眼睛，培冠哎呀一声跌落河中。布卡睁眼一看，妻子不见了，知道刮下河了，他就一头跳进水里，潜到河里。可是，来回找了几圈都没有找到。乡亲们知道了，也纷纷赶来帮助他寻找，找了很长时间，还是找不到培冠。这究竟是怎么回事呢？

原来河湾深处有一个螃蟹精，把培冠卷进河底的岩洞里去了。一下子，螃蟹精变成一个漂亮的后生，要培冠做他的老婆，培冠不依，还打了他一巴掌。他马上露出凶相威胁培冠。培冠大哭大骂，哭骂的声音从河底传到上游的一条花龙耳朵里。

这时风雨交加，浪涛滚滚，只见浪头里一条花龙，昂首东张西望。龙头向左望，浪头就向左打，左边山崩，龙头向右看，浪头往右冲，右边岸裂。小木桥早已被浪涛卷走了。众人胆战心惊。可是龙头来到布卡的沙滩边，龙头连点几下浪涛就平静了。随后，花龙在水面上打了一个圈，向河底冲去。顿时，河底骨碌碌骨碌碌的响声不断传来，大漩涡一个接一个飞转不停。接着，从水里冒出一股黑烟，升到半空变成一团乌云，那花龙紧追冲向半空，翻腾着身子，把黑云压下来，终于压得它现出原形。原来是那只鼓楼顶那么大的黑螃蟹。黑螃蟹慌慌张张逃跑，爬到悬崖三丈高。花龙下到水里翻跟头，龙尾一摆，又把螃蟹横扫下水来。这样几个回合，把螃蟹弄得，摇摇摆摆爬向竹林，想借竹子挡住花龙。可是花龙一跃而起，张口喷水，喷得竹林一片片倒下去，螃蟹又跌落河中。花龙紧紧追到水底后，浪涛翻滚着便顺河而下，这时再也看不见黑螃蟹露面了。后来，在离河湾不远，露出一块螃蟹形的黑石头，就是花龙把螃蟹精镇住的地方。这块石头，后人称它为螃蟹石。

等到河面平静之后，听见对面河滩上有个女人的声音在叫唤。布卡一看，那正是自己的妻子。布卡叫了几个人马上游水过去。上岸以后，培冠对布卡说：多亏花龙搭救啊！大家这才知道是花龙救了她，都很感激花龙。这时，花龙往上游飞回去了，还不时向人们频频点头。

这件事很快传遍了整个侗乡。大家把靠近水面的小木桥改建成空中长廊似的大木桥，还在大桥的四条中柱刻上花龙的图案，祝愿花龙常在。空中长廊式的大木桥建成以后，举行了隆重的庆贺典礼，非常热闹。这时，天空中彩云飘来，形如长龙，霞光万道，众人细看时，正是花龙回来看望大家。因此后人称这种桥为回龙桥。有的地方也叫花桥，又因桥上能避风躲雨，所以又叫风雨桥。

今天的参观就到这里了，明天我们继续。

大明湖的风光博得古今中外游人的称赞，而且为大明湖留下了许多名诗佳句，北魏郦道元在《水经注》中写到：“池上有客亭，左右揪桐，负日俯仰，目对鱼鸟，水木明瑟。”十三世纪意大利著名旅行家马可〃波罗在他的《中国游记》中写大明湖：“园林美丽，堪悦心目，山色湖光，应接不暇。”还有近代广为流传的明湖佳句“四面荷花三面柳，一城山色半城湖”都逼真的描绘了大明湖的美丽景色。在济南的八大景中有四景出自大明湖。(八景：鹊华烟雨、汇波晚照、佛山倒影、明湖秋月?均可在湖上观赏?、趵突腾空、佛山赏菊、饼屏春晓、白云雪霁。)

大明湖有两个独特之处，第一个就是有“久雨不涨，久旱不涸”的特点，因它的水源是济南七十二名泉的泉水，所以水质清洌而且水量充足。

前方那座精巧别致，色彩明快的建筑是“汇波楼”，傍晚登临，霞光满天，映在湖面上别有情趣，这就是济南八景之一的“汇波晚照。”汇波楼始建于元代，下面的这座北水门原为旧城的城门，

1有泄洪排水的作用，大明湖多余的湖水就是从这里流入城外的小清河，最后汇入大海(注入渤海-辽东半岛、山东半岛)。因此大明湖“久雨不涨”的关键就在于此。那么，这座北水门又是谁兴建的呢?说起他来，那可是鼎鼎大名，唐宋八大家之一的曾巩。当时曾巩任齐州知州，爱民如子，颇有政绩，后人为纪念他就在这里修建了一座“南丰祠”，就是左边这一组院落。

大家看，大明湖的全景已尽收眼底了，我们站在北岸，向南可以望见南山苍翠，近观盈盈碧波。沿岸种植了八百余株垂柳，盛夏之时，柔枝点水，婀娜多姿，红莲白荷争奇斗艳，一红一绿相映成趣，可是大明湖中一大盛景，岂不知这碧柳红荷还真有一段婉约动人的“荷柳情缘”呢。传说在很久以前，湖畔有一对青年男女，两人痴心相受，幸福地生活在一起，真是天有不测风云，有一天，一个阔少年路过此地，见姑娘生得美貌，硬要抢了去做妾，姑娘万般无奈，跃入湖中，殉情而死，她作盛开的荷花。小伙子见状，也脱身为柳，根植在湖边，这湖里的红荷绿柳就是他们的化身。他们隔湖相望，只能用轻风来互诉衷肠，但两个人永远永远也不会分离了。

威尼斯介绍

威尼斯是意大利东北部着名的水上都市，城市面积不到八平方公里，却由一百一十八个小岛组成，一百七十七条运河蛛网一样密布其间。城内古迹众多，有各式教堂、钟楼、男女修道院和宫殿百余座，威尼斯的公共活动中心圣马可广场更是旅客口碑叫座的景点之一。

圣马可广场简介

圣马可广场初建于九世纪。马可是圣经中《马可福音》的作者，威尼斯人将他奉为守护神。相传八二八年两个威尼斯商人从埃及亚历山大将耶稣圣徒马可的遗骨偷运到威尼斯，并在同一年为圣马可兴建教堂，教堂内有圣马可的陵墓，大教堂以圣马可的名字命名，大教堂前的广场也因此得名“圣马可广场”。广场入口有两个高高的柱子，一个上面是威尼斯的代表“飞狮”，另一个则是威尼斯最早的守护神圣狄奥多，这里是威尼斯城的迎宾入口。

圣马可大教堂

圣马可教堂不仅只是一座教堂，也是一座非常优秀的建筑，同时这里还收藏了许多丰富的艺术品。它融合了东、西方的建筑特色，从外观上来欣赏，它的五座圆顶仿自土耳其伊斯坦堡的圣索菲亚教堂，结构上有着典型的拜占庭风格，采用的帆拱的构造；正面的华丽装饰是源自巴洛克的风格；整座教堂的平面呈现出希腊式的集中十字，是东罗马后期的典型教堂形制。

四角形钟楼

这座由红砖砌成的钟楼建于十五世纪末期，它高九十七米，是威尼斯城市的纵坐标，也是圣马可广场建筑群空间构图的重心。站在这里，自顶端俯瞰，可以尽情观赏风光宜人的威尼斯城和泻湖全貌，甚至可以远眺美丽的阿尔卑斯山。

圣马可广场上的总督府

又称威尼斯公爵府。始建于九世纪，属于欧洲中世纪罗马风建筑。由于当时威尼斯与地中海东部的伊斯兰国家密切的文化贸易往来，大量阿拉伯人定居威尼斯，所以总督府立面的席纹图案明显受到了伊斯兰建筑的影响。

圣马可图书馆

位于圣马可广场的圣马可图书馆，为十六世纪的建筑，是著名建筑师珊索维诺在威尼斯留下的一个杰作，所以这座图书馆又以他的名字命名。建造时，珊索维诺选择了一个狭长的地带来修建，并采用了和总府邸一样的双层拱廊结构，只是高度上略低一些。这个使用古典式柱子的长长的拱廊，简洁悠远，如今成了遮阴休闲的公共场所。

叹息桥

圣马可广场附近还有一座巴洛克风格的叹息桥。该桥是密封式拱桥建筑，由内向外望只能通过桥上的小窗子。叹息桥的两端连接法院与监狱两处，死囚通过此桥之时，常是行刑前的一刻，因感叹即将结束的人生而得名；是威尼斯最著名的桥梁之一。

各位游客：

你们好，欢迎你们来到三亚旅游，我是你们的导游。

海棠湾位于海南省三亚市东北部海滨，距三亚市区28公里，南面与亚龙湾国家旅游度假区毗邻。与亚龙湾、大东海湾、三亚湾、崖州湾并列三亚五大名湾。海棠湾风光旖旎，沉寂异常。与亚龙湾、大东海相比，这里还没有染上城市的喧嚣与繁闹。

海棠湾位于南中国海之滨，是三亚东疆门户。东北与陵水县接壤，西北与保亭县毗邻，西南以仲田岭、回风岭、竹络岭、琼南岭群山为界，构成自然的海湾区域。总面积384.2平方公里。聚集着汉、黎、苗、侗、瑶、畲、土家族，以汉、黎为最。总人口6.8万多人其中三亚市海棠湾镇人口43481人，南田农场人口24519人，苗、侗、瑶、畲、土家族均在农场。(节选自《海棠湾志》)

海棠湾风景迷人早在建省初期的三亚城市发展总体规划中，海棠湾即被列为一个独立的组团，规划用地面积100平方公里，当时的定位是以发展科研、国际交流、旅游度假及热带田园观光为主的生态城市组团。由于被预留为城市远景发展备用地，海棠湾的资源环境因此得到了完好保护 。

海棠湾其实只是"半湾"，地处三亚市海棠镇与陵水黎族自治县英州镇交界处，因为行政区划的原因，本来一个完整的海湾一分为二，属于三亚境内的一半取名海棠湾，属于陵水境内的那一半海湾名称为土福湾，三亚这边就叫海棠湾。两处"半湾"岸线合计总长25公里。

海棠湾与亚龙湾、大东海湾、三亚湾、崖州湾并列为三亚旅游区的五大名湾。古时，海棠湾镇又称藤桥墟，自古以来就是三亚的咽喉要地，历史上曾是县治之区，经贸非常活跃，与陵水英州镇、保亭三道农场、南田农场被称为"两镇两场"，是琼南一带农副产品、生产生活用品的集散地。

海棠湾景象万千，由于远离城市，大部分区域没有开发，一种原生态的美使海南三亚市旅游独具魅力。十九公里长的岸线风光旖旎，河道如网，绿洲棋布，芳草萋萋。海棠湾南与亚龙湾国家旅游度假区相邻，集碧海、蓝天、青山、银沙、绿洲、奇岬、河流于一身。

海棠湾内有"神州第一泉"南田温泉、铁炉港、伊斯兰古墓群、海棠秀、蜈支洲岛、椰子洲岛等美景、古迹、名胜。藤桥东、西两河潺潺流过，自然风光与人文景观交互辉映。区内蜈支洲岛、南田温泉已经开发，椰子洲岛、铁炉港红树林等三亚旅游资源保留着原生状态，没有开发。

子洲岛椰子洲岛位于藤桥的南端，距东线高速公路不远，由17个岛屿组成，面积4978亩。岛上生长着上万棵椰树和各种蕨生植物，蓝天、绿洲、碧水、银滩构成群岛的美丽画卷。椰子洲岛是藤桥东西两河的入海口，具有独特的水系生态。有较高的开发价值。

湾坡温泉位于海棠湾林旺湾坡村。该温泉出水量大，水温约70摄氏度，含有多种矿物质，浴后对人体起着消除疲劳、舒筋活胳、强身健体等作用。现常有外国旅行团前去参观。待开发。

蜈支洲岛位于海棠湾内，距陆地2.4公里，岛长1500米，宽1100米，面积1.5平方公里。山峰最高海拔78.3米，乔灌参差，椰子成林。蜈支洲岛享有"中国第一潜水基地"美誉。四周海域清澈透明，海水能见度6~27米，水域中盛产夜光螺、海参、龙虾、马鲛鱼、海胆、鲳鱼及五颜六色的热带鱼，南部水域海底有着保护很好的珊瑚礁，是世界上为数不多的唯一没有礁石或者鹅卵石混杂的海岛，是国内最佳潜水基地。极目远眺，烟波浩渺，海天一色。海水清澈度为25-30米，周围海域盛产海鲜，海底珊瑚有260多种。现开辟有潜水、垂钓等项目。

海棠湾流传着一个美丽的传说。很久前，椰子洲岛附近的渔民虽然辛苦劳作，依然连续四个月没有捕到鱼，渔民困惑地向海神求助。当地的王娘母(巫婆)告诉渔民，海龙王的美六(妻子)死了，只要给海龙王送去一个年轻漂亮的佘(she)蕹(weng)(未婚姑娘)，他就会收起魔法，让渔民恢复往日鱼虾富足的日子。

为了渔民的利益，这一带的佘蕹都纷纷自愿献身。最后大家决定，由王娘母抛槟榔，接住了槟榔的佘蕹就嫁给海龙王。最后，槟榔被一位叫海棠的姑娘接住了。此时海棠已有了一位心上人阿明，但海棠毅然告别心上人，投入海底。就在那一夜，阿明也带着两块石头投身海底，他履行了与心上人海棠姑娘同生共死的诺言。

海棠姑娘投海的第二天，人们果然在这片海湾重新捕捞到鱼虾。为了纪念海棠姑娘，人们就把这片海湾叫做"海棠湾"。

精选5篇云南著名景点导游词

云南省地势呈现西北高、东南低，自北向南呈阶梯状逐级下降，属山地高原地形，山地面积占全省总面积的88.64% 。地形以元江谷地和云岭山脉南段宽谷为界，分为东西两大地形区。东部为滇东、滇中高原，是云贵高原的组成部分，表现为起伏和缓的低山和浑圆丘陵;西部高山峡谷相间，地势险峻，形成奇异、雄伟的山岳冰川地貌。下面是小编收集整理的精选5篇云南著名景点导游词范文，欢迎借鉴参考。

精选5篇云南著名景点导游词(一)

云南丽江的束河古镇是一座多姿多彩的古镇。

束河古镇处于丽江所有景区的核心部位，是游览丽江古城、玉龙雪山、泸沽湖、长江第一湾和三江并流风景区的枢纽点。从丽江古城往北，沿中济海东侧的大路程行约四公里，便见两边山脚下一片密集的村落,这就是被称为清泉之乡的束河古镇 。当年徐霞客游芝山解脱林时，曾走过此道,在他的记述中这样写道:"过一枯涧石桥，西瞻中海，柳暗波萦，有大聚落临其上，是为十和院"。"十和"即今 束河古镇之古称。

束河坐东朝西，背风向阳，村后山林为玉龙山南下之余脉，山形秀丽，植被茂密，白沙岩脚院有凤凰山，为丽江木氏发祥之地，至束河山形再变，呈祥瑞之象，堪舆家称为“丹凤含书之地”， 预言文化昌盛，兴旺发达。

村北柳荫深处有九鼎、疏河两个龙潭，泉水清澈、波光闪烁，分为三河水系，沿房前屋后、菜园田边穿流而过，使束河既有山寨之奇，又有水乡之秀。

由于茶马古道的发展，产生了各种商品需求，至明朝，木氏土司延聘一批江南工匠，定居束河，此后，该地成为滇、川、藏交界地域内著名的“皮匠村”，出产皮鞋、皮货、麻线、铁器、竹器等，束河工匠的足迹走遍茶马古道的每一个角落。

公元680年，吐蕃南征，在丽江设立"神川都督府"，茶马古道由此起始：唐明皇禁茶入藏，促成滇茶进藏;宋王朝的军事需要，刺激"茶马互市的繁荣";于是，从元、明以来到近代，茶马古道成为滇、藏、川之间经济文化交流的纽带。

茶马古道起于滇南，经过大理、丽江、迪庆、拉萨，止于印度，贯穿中国西部人文风情和自然风光最具魅力的"三江并流"和"香格里拉"地域，格外引人关注。

《茶马古道博物馆》是中国第一家专门研究并展示茶马古道历史文化的博物馆，也是丽江市第一家从事普洱茶文化研究、宣传、推广的专业机构。

茶马古道博物馆由《序厅》、《史事1厅》、《史事2厅》、《束河厅》、《皮匠厅》、《茶马风情厅》、《茶艺厅》、《影响资料中心》等8个部分组成，比较系统地介绍了茶马古道的起始时间、线路和重大历史事件，是人们了解茶马古道历史文化的重要窗口。

博物馆的建筑原是400多年前木氏土司"束河院"的组成部分，其中的"大觉宫壁画"为江南著名画家马萧仙作品，一直保存到现在，笔法洗练，技术精湛，保留了唐代画风，1998年被列为省级重点保护单位。

耕牛在古老的村寨内健步而行，丛林般的粮架耸在青龙河畔，构成纳西族农耕文化的图腾标志。

古老的石桥，光滑的石板路，高突的上马石，马锅头的豪宅，还有马鞍、马铃、马灯、皮口袋、酥油桶，以及来自印度、尼泊尔、的各种旧货，抚今追昔，让你浮想联翩。

精选5篇云南著名景点导游词(二)

木府是丽江古城之“大观园”。“北有故宫，南有木府”。跨过清泉汩汩的流水小桥，突见一座木牌坊赫然立于土木瓦顶居民之间。跨进朱红色的木府大门，眼前豁然开朗，一片开阔的地面上巍然耸立一座金碧辉煌的宫殿，汉白玉基座雕刻精美，那恢宏的气势，使人恍若置身于皇宫之内。如果说在丽江古城我们看到的是丽江世俗生活的一面的话，那么在木府，我们将翻阅到一个在西南地区曾经辉煌一时的大土司家族的兴衰史。

木府位于古城西南隅，明代其建筑气象万千，徐霞客曾叹木府曰：“宫室之丽，拟于王者”。可惜大部分建筑毁于清末兵火，幸存的石牌坊也毁于“”。1996年大地震后，世界银行慧眼识宝，贷巨款相助重建木府，丽江俊杰精心设计施工，经三年艰辛备至的努力，使木府如“凤凰涅(般+木)”般再现于世。

木府占地46亩，中轴线长369米，整个建筑群体座西朝东，“迎旭日而得木气”。木牌坊上大书“天雨流芳”四字，乃纳西语“读书去”的谐音，体现了纳西人推崇知识 的灵心惠性;古牌坊通体皆石，结构三层，竖内石建筑的精品;议事厅端庄宽敞，气势恢宏，是土司议政之殿;万卷楼集两千年文化遗产之精萃，千卷东巴经，百卷在藏经，六公土司诗集、众多名士书画，皆 是翰林珍奇，学苑瑰宝;护法殿又称后议事厅，是土司议家事之殿;光碧楼乃后花园门楼，史称其建筑“称 甲滇西”;玉音楼是接圣旨之所在歌舞宴乐之地;三清殿是木氏土司推崇道家精神的产物，而狮山古柏深处，还有木氏土司祭天、祭祖、祭大自然神“署”的本 土宗教活动场所。木府充分体现了纳西人广采博纳多元文化的开放精神。

木府是一座辉煌的建筑艺术之苑，它充分反映了明代中原建筑的风采气质，同时保留了唐宋中原建筑古朴粗犷的流风余韵，而其座西朝东，府内玉沟纵横，活水长流的布局，则又见纳西族传统文化之精神。

木府丽江是纳西族聚集的地方。纳西族人原来没有汉族的姓氏，朱元璋建立明王朝后，远在滇西北丽江纳西族土司阿甲阿得审时度势，于公元1382年“率从归顺”，举人臣之礼，此举大获朱元璋赏识，朱将自己的姓去掉一撇和一横，钦赐其“木”姓，从此纳西传统的父子连名制得以改成汉姓名字。

木氏土司为了保持其统治集团姓氏高贵，在社会各阶层推行“官姓木，民姓和”之制度，而木氏土司则代代世袭，父子相传，一直沿袭到明、清时期，有的甚至延续到解放以后。木府是丽江木氏土司衙门的俗称，木氏土司家族历经元、明、清三个朝代，鼎盛时期木府占地一百多亩，有近百座建筑，是八百年大研古城的心脏所在。整个木府荫庇在狮子山怀抱中里，处于整个古城的头部，西河水东南西三面环流，古城街道和民居傍河而筑、依渠而建，自然形成条条渠水与官邸、民居一脉相连，民居层层环围木府的扇形格局，给人以一脉勃生的官民祥和气氛。史称木氏“土地广大，传世最远，富冠诸土郡”，并以“知诗书好礼守义”著称当时，遗泽后世。纳西人说起“木老爷”来，就跟我们提到自己的老祖宗一样亲切。

忠义”石牌坊木氏土司在建造自己的宫殿式木府时，座向未按“坐北朝南”为佳的中原风水理论，而是朝向太阳和东方。东方属木，太阳和木为纳西东巴教中的崇拜物，亦为皇帝所赐纳西族之姓。 因此，欲得“木”之气而盛的想法使木府的建筑采取了坐西朝东的方向。木土司的府第虽有王者气度，却一反中原王城“居中为尊”的传统，将府第建于城西南一隅。而作为全城中心的则是商贾云集的四方街，纵横交错的街道从四方街这一商贸中心向四面八方辐射。从中可看出古城最初形成于乡村集市，最终也因商业贸易而繁荣。这与古城千百年来作为“茶马古道”重镇的历史密切相关。走进木府，迎面而来的是议事厅。议事厅端庄宽敞，气势恢弘，是土司议政之殿;万卷楼集两千年文化遗产之精粹，千卷东巴经，百卷大藏经，六公土司诗集，众多名士书画，皆是翰林珍奇，学苑瑰宝;护法殿又称后议事厅，是土司议家事之殿;光碧楼乃后花园门楼，史称其建筑“称甲滇西”;玉音楼是接圣旨之所和歌舞宴乐之地;三清殿是木氏土司推崇道家精神的产物。木府大部分建筑曾毁于清末战火，幸存的石牌坊也于毁于"",丽江当地党委、政府为了发掘和弘扬民族文化，决定贷巨资恢复重建木府旧观。

经过三年艰辛备至的努力,木府再现于世。建成后的木府比原规划设计还要壮观,巍巍木府,得雪城之灵气,玉水之精魂,它的重现,发展和弘扬了丽江纳西族之传统文化,成为游人纷至沓来的一处胜地。 木府是一座辉煌的建筑艺术之苑，它充分反映了明代中原建筑的风采气质，同时保留了唐宋中原建筑古朴粗犷的流风余韵，而其座西朝东，府内玉沟纵横，活水长流的布局，则又见纳西族传统文化之精神。

精选5篇云南著名景点导游词(三)

各位朋友，大家好!今天我们将要游览的景点是被誉为“天下第一奇观”和“阿诗玛故乡”的国家重点风景名胜区——石林，它位于昆明东南石林彝族自治县境内。

石林风景区距昆明市区89千米，乘车需要近2个小时。

各位朋友，在中国旅游，人们有这样的说法：到了北京登墙头，到了西安看坟头，到了桂林观山头，到了上海数人头，到了苏州看丫头，到了昆明……，大家猜猜看该看什么“头”呢?对了，有朋友说了：石头!前面所提的墙头、坟头所指不用说了，而这石头指的就是我们今天即将游览的石林。不少游客说：不到石林等于没到昆明。由此可见石林在云南旅游中的地位。另外我还要告诉大家的是我们云南省的旅游标志就与石林有关，那是什么标志呢，这个迷底我们到了石林后自然就能解开。正因如此，上至国家元首，下至平民百姓，凡来昆明者必到石林一饱眼福。

现在我们的车子已驶离市区，脚下这条路就是通向石林的安石公路，它于1991年元旦正式通车，是云南省的第一条高等级公路，全长120千米，往东到石林，向西到安宁，连安楚、楚大公路，接滇缅公路，属国道320、324线。有朋友会问，云南有高速公路吗?有。云南省己实现以昆明为中心200千米范围内主要干线公路的高等级化，并建成昆明至高明、昆明至玉溪、楚雄至大理等高速公路。随着国家西部大开发战略的实施，我们的公路建设将会有更大的发展。

现在车子正行驶在昆明市官渡区的辖区内。官渡区是昆明市所属的五区之一，是各郊县区中乡镇企业较发达的一个区。各位请看前方，那里寿渡区所辖的一个彝族乡——阿拉乡。彝族的一个支系，头戴鸡冠帽的撒梅人就世居于此。

现在我们已经到了有花卉之乡、水果之乡、蔬菜之乡美誉的呈贡县境内了。说到“呈贡”朋友们可能会感到陌生，但提到斗南大家一定不陌生了。也许您家中的花瓶中就曾插过呈贡斗南的鲜切花呢。现在呈贡县斗南镇已成为我国最大的鲜切花生产基地和交易中心之一，这里的鲜花行销全国，远销海外。这里传统名花有康乃馨、玫瑰、满天星等。现又引种了百合、鹤望兰(又称天堂鸟)、非洲菊、红掌等等名贵花齐。我还要告诉大家的是在斗南花卉买卖不论支而论斤，各位回家前别忘了买几斤鲜花带回去。除花卉外，呈贡的果蔬也非常有名。而水果中又以宝珠梨最负盛名，传说呈贡之名就是因宝珠梨而得来的。相传在宋代大理国时期，大理宾川鸡足山高僧宝珠和尚到都阐城(今昆明)讲经，随身带来几株大理雪梨树苗，并将苗与呈贡的优质梨种嫁接，不想结出的果实个大、味甘、肉嫩、水多。由于梨树苗是由宝珠和尚带来的，所以当地人称之为宝珠梨。据说在元代此梨是专供梁王食用的，还曾经作为贡品上贡朝廷。皇上吃后赞不绝口，要求年年进贡，并下令把原千户所改名为“呈贡”。元朝皇上是否真吃上宝珠梨史籍中无据可查，但我要建议大家，如果有机会一定要品尝一下我们的宝珠梨。俗话不是说吗： “要知道梨子的滋味就要亲口尝一尝。”

呈贡的名字真是因梨而来的吗?其实“呈贡”一词源于彝语“柴谷”，意为：盛产稻谷的海湾坝子。有朋友问“海湾?哪来的海?”别急，各位请往您的正前方极远处眺望，一线水光若隐若现，那就是被称为“高原明珠”的滇池。有人说那应该是“湖”湾，怎么会是“海”湾呢P这个问题等一会我们见到另一个湖的时候我再给大家解答。

各位是否注意到车窗外果树下土壤的颜色。

对，红色。我们的旅游车正行驶在红土高原上。这土为何呈红色?云南地处低纬度地区，优越的气候条件和茂盛的植被及特殊的地貌条件给云南高原上的土壤提供了丰富的有机质。由于云南大部分地区地处亚热带、热带，热量丰富、降水丰沛。丰沛的降水不断冲洗着富含铝、铁等金属离子的成土母质，使其中易溶矿物大量分解、流失，湿热的气候加速了土壤中铁的氧化，活动性较差的铁铝氧化物残留了下来，把土壤染成红色。我国南方特别是云南、贵州、广东、广西、海南等省区的大部分土壤皆为红色。那么我国北、中、西、东的土壤主要呈什么颜色呢?我告诉大家：我国东部呈青色;西北呈白色;东北呈黑色;中部的黄土高原，为黄色。这与中国道教中东青龙、南朱雀、西白虎、北玄武的颜色相符。中为黄色，黄土高原为华夏文明的发祥地之一。这五种颜色又与中国五行中金、木、水、火、土相对应，因此就有“五色土”之说。好了，关于土壤我们就说到这。若各位感兴我们还可以再讨论。

各位请看您的左前方，这里是昆明乡村高尔夫球场。昆明优越的气候条件特别适宜全天候体育运动，这个乡村高尔夫球场总面积1000余亩，设施齐全，球场内湖f白环绕、水塘密布、河流湍急，大片的鲜花四季盛开，是高尔夫运动的天堂。

各位朋友，凡到云南都会听人说起“云南十八怪”，它讲述一些云南独特的山川风物和民俗风情。其中有两怪是这样说的： “火车不通国内通国外”， “火车没有汽车跑得快”。其实这两怪现在早已成为历史。但引发人们编出这两怪的“实物”却还在。您看前方有两条铁路，一宽一窄，现在我要说到的就是窄的那条铁路。它就是著名的滇越铁路。它是中国的第一条国际铁路。说它“窄”，是因为它的轨距仅1米，而国际标准轨是1.435米，因此我们也称它米轨。这条铁路全长855千米，从昆明至越南的海防。其中云南境内长465.2千米，北端昆明与南端河口两地海拔高程相差25倍，史称“滇越铁路滇段”。这条铁路是法国占领越南后，为了控制云南、掠夺我们的资源，强迫清政府同意他们修筑的。铁路于1920xx年动工，1920xx年通车。沿途山大堑深，峰峦叠嶂，桥隧相衔，坡陡弯急。据说当年为修筑这条铁路，每年使用民工3至6万人，累计达30万人，是从云南、四川、湖北、两广等地招募来的。由于沿线自然条件恶劣，生活条件极差，筑路华工死亡人数高达六七万人。真是“一根枕木一条人命”。而法帝国主义者每年从这条铁路掠夺暴利1000万法郎以上。

云南地处西南边睡，交通十分不便，在贵昆铁路通车前，米轨铁路是云南惟一的而且是不通国内通国外的铁路;加之是窄轨，坡陡弯急，行速很慢，因此才出现了“十八怪”中的两怪。

各位看到的另一条铁路是南昆铁路，是我国“八五”、 “”期间的重点建设项目，是中国在艰险山区修建的又一条铁路。它东起广西南 宁、西至云南昆明，北接贵州红果，干线全长899.7千米，为国家一级干线，并一次建成电汽化。南昆铁路途经滇黔桂三省区的29个县，辐射12.4万平方千米，沿线20xx多万人民直接受益，对于开发大西南，振兴三省区经济意义重大。铁路所经地区地质情况十分复杂，地形非常险峻，被称为“地质博物馆”、 “地下迷宫”。全线共修隧道263座、桥梁461座，许多重点工程创下了中国铁路施工史上的新纪录。南昆铁路的长度约为京九线的三分之一，但隧道长度却是京九线的3倍。

只顾讲铁路了，现在各位请看窗外，又有一个湖，它是著名的滇中五大湖之一的阳宗海。阳宗海位于宜良、呈贡、澄江三县之间，古称明湖。它形如草鞋，两头宽中部略窄，南北长约12千米，东西宽3千米，面积30平方千米，平均水深22米，最深处30米，是我省第三深水湖，是一个典型的高原断陷湖，湖东北面的汤池河为出水口，湖水汇入南盘江最后归入南海。阳宗海1992年9月列为省级旅游度假区。它碧波粼粼景色秀丽，吸引了不少中外游客，也吸引了投资者。各位请看对岸就是由新加坡投资者投资建设的高尔夫球场，现己建成并投入使用，生意红火。

有朋友问了，这仅仅是个湖，你怎么把它称为海?是不是云南地处内陆高原，没见过大海，向往大海的缘故呢?其实这个问题许多人都问过我，有人还把它编入“云南十八怪”： “湖泊叫尾带“黑”音的便是这个意思。如滇池彝语谓之“洛朵黑”，文山的“普者黑”，其它如洱海、通海……按云南方言音直译，“海”字自当写作“黑”字，但因汉字是表意文字，若将彝语直音完全译作“黑”，则音存而义非，实不相宜。所以，古人以“海”代之，不仅音近义似，而且两全齐美，二者可以得而兼之。

过了阳宗海，我们现已进入了昆明市的另一个郊县——宜良。由于海拔相对较低，气候温暖，土壤肥沃，雨量充沛，宜良的粮食产量很高，故有“滇中粮仓”之美誉。

现在驶过的是南盘江大桥。南盘江是珠江正源，其源头在云南曲靖的马雄山。云南不仅山·多，而且江河众多。云南境内河网纵横，大小河：流共有600多条，分别属于伊洛瓦底江、怒江、澜沧江、金沙江、元江和南盘江六大水系。六大水系在分布上构成“帚形”分布的奇特自然现象。特别是在北纬27。37’附近金沙江、澜沧江、怒江形成三江并流的奇观。

过了大桥，各位看到道路两旁都是餐馆。每家餐馆门口都有烤炉，并有一只只白胖的鸭子挂满杆头。这就是著名的宜良烤鸭。宜良烤鸭有70多年历史，烤制工艺独特：首先选用肥壮的鸭仔，去毛去掌，洗净后从右翼下切口取出内脏，再以蜂蜜水均匀地抹遍鸭身，之后用6厘米长的苇杆作堵塞，插入鸭子的肛门内，防止灌汤后汤从肛门漏出。然后用小铁钩钩住鸭颈，挂在通风处晾干，再灌入调好味的上汤。用编成辫的干松针(“云南十八怪”称“松树叶子辫起来卖”)置于特制的炉内点燃，待烟火去尽，把鸭子挂于炉壁，盖上盖子，适时翻转，焖烧三四十分钟，待鸭身色泽深红油亮时取出，拔去堵塞，撤去上汤，斩为小块，理摆于盘中，佐以花椒盐或特制面酱，配上葱白、酸萝卜，即可食用。

现在我们马上就要到石林彝族自治县境内了。“石林县，地图上及资料上明明写的是路南县啊?”这位朋友问得好。路南由来已久，早在元朝就有路南州的设置。路南二字源于彝语，其一，“路南”彝语为“鲁乃”， “鲁”即石，“乃”即黑色， “鲁乃”就是长满黑石头的地方;其二， “路南”彝语也作“路甸”，路为城，甸为平坝或宽敞之地。路南这一称呼一直沿用到1998年。随着改革开放的深入和旅游事业的发展，石林风景区的知度在海内外越来越高，旅游业成为该县的支柱产业，划顺应经济发展的需要，经国务院批准，1998年12月14日将路南彝族自治县更名为石林彝族自治县。由于有些书籍是此前出版的，因此各位看到的仍是路南这一地名。

石林县是一个既古老又年轻并充满生机的地方。如今它是全国50个文化先进地区之一，有“一个彝县五乡美誉”之称，即“岩溶之乡”、“歌舞之乡”、 “摔跤之乡”、 “绘画之乡”、“烟草之乡”。国家、省、市在这片土地上确立了六大基地：全国41个烤烟生产基地县之一(是优良品种“红花大金元”的故乡， “红河”牌所

用烟叶产地)，全国奶山羊基地县之一，国家“八五”万亩苹果商品基地县，省商品猪生产基地，省绿肥种子基地，市煤炭生产基地。

说到石林彝族自治县，我们还要介绍世居于此的撒尼人。撒尼人是彝族的一个支系。撒尼人自称“尼”，意为快乐的人。在新中国成立前，彝族还没有一个统一的称谓。1950年彝族代表到北京，毛主席在中南海接见他们，大家谈到彝族名称过去不统一，有的还带有侮辱和歧视性，应该改掉。毛主席听后很赞同，提出将“夷”字

改为“彝”字。他认为“鼎彝”之“彝”这个字好，像宫殿里面放东西，有“米”又有“丝”， 有吃有穿，日子就富裕了;鼎彝又逝代祭把用的器具，有庄重美好之意。大家听了，都很高兴，一致表示赞成。从此，“彝”就被正式定为彝族各个支系的统一称呼。

彝族历史悠久，彝族祖先祟尚老虎，把黑虎作为图腾。而石林撒尼人不仅把老虎作为图腾，而且还有蜘蛛图腾。

撒尼人自古就有保护蜘蛛的习惯。为什么呢?相传，撒尼人很早以前居住在阿着底，后来迁居到一个美丽的地方，并以族命城，称“果饶”，即彝家之子的意思。撒尼人自称“尼”，尼王憨厚能干，他有一把神刀，带着部族，抵制了多次外族的侵犯，“果饶”城牢不可破。他挥动神刀，念咒语，入侵者的头便纷纷落地。他还有一个神术，被人杀了头，会重新长出新头来。后来，尼王娶了一个外族美丽的姑娘。姑娘对他说：“我嫁了你这样一个永远不会死的丈夫，感到非常荣幸，就是死了，也将在九泉之下爱着你。”尼王信以为真，把自己杀不死的秘密告诉了她： “我也会死的。杀了我的头，只要用尖刀草在脖子上刷三下，我就不能复生了。”尼王的妻子把这个秘密告诉了娘家部族首领，里应外合杀死了尼王，并使他不能再长出头来。入侵者还把撒尼部落撵出了果饶。不知跑了多少路，撒尼人躲进山洞，洞口很快结上了蜘蛛网。追兵赶到洞口，找不到撒尼人。有的说可能躲到洞里了，可一看洞口结着蜘蛛网，他们肯定撒尼人不可能躲在洞中。找不到撒尼人，入侵者就走了。撒尼人化险为夷，转危为安。从此，他们就把蜘蛛当作保护神来崇拜。

现在各位请往车窗外看，我们的车子正从撒尼人居住的寨边经过。说到寨子，有必要给大家介绍一下彝族的住房。

在石林县，各地自然条件不尽相同，因此，撒尼人的房屋也有不同的形式。彝族民间有这样4句话：“海邑土库房，糯黑石板房，和合篱笆房，月湖茅草房。”4句话概括了彝族4个地方及其有代表性的住房。土库房，又称土掌房，以土、木为原料，一般分上、下两层，上层住人，下层关牲畜。石板房，多为两层楼房，楼上、楼下各3间，梁、柱、椽、楼均为木质，山墙、背墙用石板垒砌而成，与一般土基房和砖房不同。篱笆房，以石为墙基，以竹条、树条编织成篱笆，再糊上泥土，涂刷平坦，成为墙壁。茅草房，以石块垫基，夯土为墙，用结实的圆木或方木为柱，茅草盖顶，双面斜坡。苫草顶时，先打尽绒草，泼上水让风吹，然后用火燎茅草，浸透水的部分因风吹不干而不会燃烧，形成坚实的草顶。茅草房虽比砖瓦房简陋，但节省费用，冬暖夏凉。

现在，我来谈一谈撒尼人绚丽多彩的服饰。

撒尼妇女的花包头是引人注目的精美艺术g品。包头以红、绿、蓝、紫、黄、青、橙7种颜色的丝绸配制;边沿钉有银泡，两侧缀一对“彩蝶”(彩色绣花图案三角);后垂一对串珠，末端系银铃缨穗，走起路来，银铃撞击作响。传说这种花包头是摹仿天上的彩虹制作的，为的是纪念’一对投火殉情的恋人。因为这对恋人死后化作七，彩长虹，后人摹仿彩虹制作包头，把它视为忠贞爱情的象征。姑娘们的上装袖子用彩色丝绸布镶二道宽花边，左襟边沿用紫红或黑色绒布镶牛鼻子形纹宽边。背部披一块以黑绒布做外壳的小羊羔皮，肩挎绣花包。腰系花围腰，腰带系于身后，好像男士们的领带一样，所以说“撒尼姑娘服饰怪，西装领带当腰带”。下装过去为自制布裤，现多为西裤。鞋子也由原来的绣花布鞋变为白色运动鞋或半高跟皮鞋。平时，青年妇女多与汉族相同穿时装，节日或赶街(集)的日子，姑娘们身着鲜艳的本民族服装，使彝乡增添了浓郁的民族特色。

结婚以后，妇女的服饰变化明显。包头不再似七彩长虹，而改用桃红或大红布与青布相配缝制;装饰大为简化，无银泡、彩蝶和串珠。一般妇女只穿青布作壳的羊皮袄，下穿绣有红、白两色线的宽档裤。

跳大三弦舞是青年男女社交活动的一种重要形式。每当月夜，小伙子们带着大三弦、月琴、笛子、二胡，约着姑娘们成群结队地来到村旁树林间跳大三弦舞。小伙子们吹着清脆的短笛、弹拨着浑厚的大三弦;姑娘们随着音乐的旋律，轻盈的舞步左旋右转。用她们的话来说是“人不跳乐，白来世上活;听见三弦响，心喜脚板痒”。大三弦舞气氛热烈欢乐，又叫“跳乐”;它舞姿粗犷而又优美舒展，极富传情色彩。男女青年若跳得合心合意，就可以订终身。

竹笛和树叶是撒尼人交流感情的乐器。竹笛用粗细适宜、皮薄节长的竹子制作，长约一尺，七个眼，不贴竹膜。特别是小竹笛发音激昂活泼，似“百灵鸟”在欢唱，如“叫天子”飞入云端。有的撒尼青年男女谈情说爱，不跳舞、不唱歌、不讲话，就是借助竹笛和树叶来倾吐彼此的爱慕之情。约会时，小伙子吹竹笛;小姑娘则用

补充回答： 一片树叶，吹出优美的曲调回答对方，竹笛和树叶帮助他们成为恩爱的侣伴。

彝族舞蹈中最富特色的是大三弦舞。舞曲热烈，动作鲜明，加之大三弦节奏有力，音色浑厚的伴奏，形成粗犷、乐观的风格，淋漓尽致地表现彝族昂扬向上、热情奔放阶性格。大三弦舞基本舞步是走三步蹬两下，并在此基础上不断变化队形，所以又称“三步乐”或“跳乐”。因速度不同， “三步乐”有快慢之分。 “慢三步乐”速度缓慢，适合老年人跳; “快三步乐”速度较快，为年轻人所喜爱。跳时两者均可配上相应的歌声，载歌载舞，使气氛更浓烈。

每逢节日庆典，或宾客到来，热情奔放的彝族儿女要献上大三弦舞。届时，刚健豪迈的舞步震动着大地，厚重朴实的大三弦声拨动着人们的心弦，舞者清脆有力的吃喝声响遏行云。那热烈的场面使舞者和观众都热血沸腾，给人欢乐，催人向上。

说到民族风情，各位可能要问到我们撒尼人的婚俗了。

各位朋友，车窗外青灰色的石头已零星出现，石林快到了。在石林县，62%的地表为石灰岩覆盖。其中景观最典型、最突出的350平方千米被列为国家级重点风景名胜区，包括“二林、二洞、二湖和一瀑一山”8个景区。若要把所有景区走马观花式地看一遍，至少花三天三夜的时间。

石林。现在让我们来回顾一下怎么发现石林及石林怎样出名的。清康熙五十一年(1720xx年)《路南州志》载：“石林，岩高数十仍，攀援始可人，其中怪石林立，如千队万骑，危桅逐窟，若九陌三条，色俱青，嵌结玲珑，寻之莫尽，后有伏流清冷如雪。相传昔人于隆冬遥见石上有李二株，结实鲜红，临不及取，次日寻之不见，俗呼“李子箐”。

在石林大屏石上要题上“石林”二字，于是请云南通志馆馆长、白族著名学者代书。题写了“天下第一奇观”六字，一批随行人员同时也有题刻。此后，一个纯自然的地貌景观带上了浓浓的文化气息和色彩。

回到省城之后，开始作石林的开发规划，而后在石峰之上，即今天我们将登上的望峰亭处修建了六角亭一个，取名‘‘望峰”。其它设施也有修建。石林从此开始了较大规模的开发和发展。一会进入石林到达石林胜景，我们将一睹当年石刻之风采。

在抗战期间，西南联大组建于昆明。由于地近石林，许多学者纷纷游览，并有感而发写出许多抒情名言诗句： “滇南淹蹇百千载，天荒地老无人记。” “巨剑指天呈利锷，卧中横地有清音。” “我来已历沧桑劫，夕阳西下觅古碑。” ……在联大教授与石林的关系上，渗透着一股悲壮的英雄之气。石林的峻拔雄劲，应该是抗战时期国人心境的极佳寄托。诸君子的慷慨悲歌，也正是石林剑矛刺天的最好注解。

石林神奇迷人的自然风光与独具魅力的民族风情的完美结合，象磁石一样吸引着千千万万的中外宾客，旅游者纷至沓来，或观赏它的壮美、领略它的风情;或吟诗作赋、歌咏它的史迹;或研究考察、探索它的奥秘。石林就像一座巨大优美的艺术迷宫，激发着无数文人墨客的灵感，一个个借景抒怀，留下了许多美丽动人的诗篇;石林，确是名副其实的人间奇境，到过这里的国家领袖、世界名人，无不叹为观止，豪情满怀，一个个留连忘返。1999年5月1日，兴至勃勃地游览了石林，发出了，b衷的赞叹：真是太神奇了，果然名不虚传!

石林还是学者、科学家门进行研究考察的理想之地。本世纪40年代以来，到这里进行科学考察的著名学者就达上千人，涉及到历史学、民族学、人类学、语言学、地质学、地理学、植物学、生态学、旅游学等门类，如闻一多、李公朴、吴晗、朱自清、方国瑜、李广田、杨钟健……他们在这里发微探幽，汲取精华，丰富了我国的科学宝库。这里每棵草木都有着它曲折的经历，每一块石头都有着它神奇的传说。现在“石林”已成为云南旅游的一个品牌。石林的英文翻林译5hilin或5tone Forest己成为专有名词为世界所公认。

各位朋友，说话间我们己来到我们今天的目的地石林的精华景区之一——大石林景区。各位带好随身携带行李，准备下车随我去一览石林的风采。

各位请看，现在呈现在大家眼前的是著名的“石林湖”。它是根据周恩来总理建议而修建的。1955年4月，敬爱的周恩来总理、陈毅元帅到石林游览，周总理看到这里的洼地里只有很少的水，再看看石林的景观，说“有山要有水，有水就不枯燥了!”听了总理建议，人们就把原溶蚀洼地进行了人工改造，使原来一小小溶蚀水池变成了今天的石林湖。各位请看，这平静的湖水中石簇擎天，恰似天然的大盆景。在这丛丛石峰中有一石酷似传说中的观音，各位请仔细找一找。对，就是她，好一尊“出水观音”，正因有此观音石，有人也把此湖称为“观音湖”。

我们现在看到的这个小池名“狮子池”。您看，池边的大狮子在照看着池中几只嬉闹的小狮子。这整座山也是一个大狮子，守护着神奇的石林。

现在各位随我上山，先去纵览石林全貌。狮子亭是我们今天游览行程中最高的地方，海拔1750米，是远眺石林全景最佳的位置之一。

登上狮子亭，朝南可指点石海惊涛，苍茫浩渤的大石林奔来眼底;向东可俯视湖光山色，烟波浩渺的石林湖“犹抱琵琶半遮面”。有道是“不登狮子亭，不算游石林;一登狮子亭，全身醉石林”。有人称石林是“中国风景之最”，与长江三峡、桂林山水和吉林雾淞并称为“中国四大自然奇观”;也有人说石林是“中国造园之源”。

“这莽莽石林是怎么‘长’出来的呢?”问得好，即然是“石林”就应该有一个生长过程。

我们眼前这些岩石是怎么形成的呢?这就要追朔到泥盆纪到早二叠世时期了(距今5.7—2.5亿年前)。那时候石林所在的滇东一带是沉在海中的。当时气候温暖潮湿，使海洋中的生物生长快且种类繁多，有珊瑚、孔虫、瓣鳃及各类腕足动物等等。这些生物死亡后其骨骼与砂、泥质一起沉积。至2.7亿年前石林成为热带浅海，海底沉积了巨厚的(1~2千米)浅海台地生物礁相灰岩。后来由于地壳运动，这里被抬升，海退成陆。地面受到浸蚀，形成准平原状态，逐渐陷落成湖盆，进一步产生溶蚀作用。到喜玛拉雅造山运动时期，这里又再次被抬升。在岩层抬升过程中各种外力因素，如水、土、生物等的作用才形成今天我们所看到的千峰林立、高耸人云、彼此相间、形态多样的奇特地貌。

各位朋友，云南石林的发育与其它同类地貌地区相比具有多种形态并存、高大石 林(最高者超过40米)集中发育、保留了高原期和湖盆原始古地形。世界各地的剑状喀斯特地貌，论面积之广大，保存之完好，发育之典型，年代之古老，造型之独特，类型之齐全，云南石林首屈一指。更有胜者，它与民族文化紧密相连，它以独一无二的雄姿、神韵、意境和无法抗拒的魅力，当之无愧地赢得了“天下第一奇观”的美称。

各位观赏完大石林概貌，耳闻了石林成因，了解了石林的价值，我想大家早就按耐不住探奇的冲动了。好，要识石林真面目，各位就请随我进林中一探究竟吧。

参观石林，随时间的不同，角度的变化，光线的强弱，会产生不同的景观。还要提醒大家，游览石林您可一定要发挥想象能力。

各位请看，这是个小小的池塘，发现塘里有何“物”?两头小水牛正在戏嬉，脊背时隐时现，一派田园情趣。这是石林中的一景——青牛戏水。

现在各位请直视前方，一堵巍峨雄壮的岩石挡住了我们视线，这不由得使人想起中国古典园林中欲扬先抑的造景手法。此石似天然屏风遮掩住石林奇景，好像不愿让游人一眼就看到石林的奥妙。因此我们把该石称为石屏风。

走过石屏风我们的游程将渐入佳景，相信大家将得到一次比一次强烈的惊奇感受。

“叠翠”，这位朋友己脱口念出。这是1962年6月，朱德委员长到石林游览时挥毫题写的。短短八字，生动概括了石林的特色和壮美。

各位在观赏石头时，别忘了欣赏题刻。过鲜鱼头，石林胜境到了。各位请看前方，是否有似曾相识的感觉。这里就是在许多影视作品、书刊照片中出现过的石林胜境。 “石林”两个鲜红的隶书大字，也就是我路上给大家讲过的1931年龙云视察石林所题“石林”二字。而“龙云题”三字则是龙云的儿子龙绳文于1985年9月22日来石林亲笔书写后刻上去的。现在请大家抓紧时间拍照留念。

现在我们来到石峰之下，各位请看：“天造奇观”、“南天砥柱”、“大气磅礴”、“万笏 朝天”、“顶天立地”、“天下第一奇观”……

这些摩崖石刻与四周奇妙的自然奇观相辉映，摄魂夺魄，给人美与奇的感受和想象，既是石林的写照，又启迪人们要有“石”的风格和气魄。

现在我们往里走。各位请驻足，抬头看：在两峰之间夹有一摇摇欲坠的巨石。这里用“千钧一发”来形容最贴切不过。大家过的时候一定要轻手轻脚，屏住呼吸，不然那巨石就会掉下来。好了，过了千钧一发，各位可以放心了。其实这块巨石在这里“定居”已经三百多万年了，经历了无数次地震的考验，是不会掉下来的。

沿途走来，石峰如剑，直刺青天。这里是剑状喀斯特表现最典型的地方，游人称为刀山火海。

精选5篇云南著名景点导游词(四)

欢迎大家来到这里，下面我来为大家介绍一下!

拉市海位于丽江县城西面10公里处的拉市坝中部，是云南省第一个以“湿地”命名的自然保护区。“拉市”为古纳西语译名，“拉”为荒坝，“市”为新，意为新的荒坝。到上新世末至更新世初，这个准平原又分割成三个相对高差在100米至200米的高原山间盆地 ，即拉市坝、丽江坝、七河坝。

这是一片神奇的乐土，由北往南的候鸟在经历了长途跋涉的艰辛、都市里高楼林立的迷惑和无知者猎弹弓的偷袭后，疲惫不堪但满怀欣喜地降落这里。除了湿地里丰美水草、小鱼小虾的诱惑外，这里安全的自然环境，是吸引候鸟们南迁越冬的重要前提。这里，就是――拉市海。 拉市海的春天是姗姗来迟的。当丽江城内的太阳正明媚当空时，这里的冷风还在嗖嗖作响。

三月的一个清晨，我站在了向往已久的拉市海边：这是一面宽阔安静的湖泊，清冷的天空下，湖面泛着盈盈的绿光。小块小块的湿地把湖面分隔成大大小小的湾。湖中稀疏站立的柳树上，停着一群鸬鹚;浅湾里和岸边，是一大群野鸭，或扎猛子寻鱼虾，或交颈而眠。偶尔有两只双宿双栖的赤麻鸭扑棱棱飞起，带起附近的水禽懒洋洋扇扇翅膀。远处水气氤氲，不时可见山林鸟游动飞舞的点点小影。这就是拉市海的初春，早迁的候鸟已北移，晚行的正在休养生息，准备踏上万里归途。陪我一起闲逛的拉市海高原湿地省级自然保护区管理所的工程师彭贵鸿在拉市海呼呼作响的大风中很有些遗憾地叫着说：“你来晚了，越冬的候鸟很多都已北移了。一个多月以前，这里热闹得不得了：海子里，柳树上，天空中，还有后面的山上，到处都是鸟。那壮观，就别提了。

精选5篇云南著名景点导游词(五)

欢迎大家来到素有“文献名邦”之称的大理旅游。

大 理

大理是滇西高原上的一座美丽的城市，是白族的主要聚居地，竖务院批准的首批国家级历史文化名城之一，并且竖家重点风景名胜区。

大理古称叶榆，因五代时白蛮首领段思平建立了大理国而得名。唐宋时，大理是云南的政治经济文化中心。

大理的名胜有苍山、洱海、古城及蝴蝶泉，我们今天要游览的是崇圣寺三塔，它已成为大理旅游的标志。

崇圣寺概况

崇圣寺位于大理古城北1.5公里处，东临洱海，西靠苍山应乐峰。

崇圣寺建成的时间为南诏国后期，为南诏国第十代王劝丰佑时(824—859年)所建。建成之后即为南诏国和大理国时期佛教活动的中心，到大理国时成为著名的皇家寺院。故崇圣寺有“佛都”之誉。

崇圣寺又名三塔寺，也就是我国明代旅行家徐霞客在《滇游日记》中所写的三塔寺和现代武侠小说大师金庸在《天龙八部》中所提到的天龙寺。崇圣寺壮观的庙宇建筑在清咸丰同治年间烧毁，只有三塔完好地保留下来。

崇圣寺中的“圣”指的售音，大理地区观音崇拜极盛，一年一度的三月街也称观音街。《续云南通志》记载：“崇圣寺前有三塔，寺内有观音像，高二丈四尺，唐蒙时董善明铸。”

1961年3月，被国务院公布为全国首批重点文物保护单位。20xx年被评为全国AAAA级旅游区。

崇圣寺到了，请随我下车。

塔的基本知识

进入大门，我们就能清楚地看到位于台阶之上的三塔。前方正中较大的称千寻塔，两侧位置靠后的塔规模较小一些。

塔起源于印度，最早用于藏佛的舍利，形状为一个半圆形坟冢。传人中国后，与中国传统建筑相结合，演化出丰富的形式，有楼阁式、密檐式、覆钵式、金刚宝座式等。我们现在看到的三塔均为密檐式。

大理地区盛行建塔，除三塔外，还有一塔、蛇骨塔等。

千寻塔

千寻塔全名为“法界通灵明道乘塔”，建于唐代南诏劝丰佑时期，据说是唐代恭韬、徽义两位工匠用了48年时间设计建造的。

千寻塔矗立在两层高大的台基上，塔高69.13米，共有16层，是我国少有的层数较多的偶数层塔。

塔的结构为密檐式空心砖塔，塔心中空，古时有井字形楼梯供人攀登。

自下而上由塔基、塔身和塔刹三部分组成。塔身每层正面中央开券龛，龛内有白色大理石佛像一尊，两边龛为窗洞。两层窗洞的方向交替错开，以利于塔内的采光和通风，同时交错开窗有利于塔的坚固性。

塔檐越往上间距越小，自第三、四层起逐渐向内收束，最后收束于塔顶。使得塔身的外形轮廓不是僵硬的直线向上，而是呈上下向内收，中部微凸的曲线，其形制与西安小雁塔略同。

以前塔顶四角各有一只铜铸的金翅鸟，传说用以镇压洱海中的龙妖水怪。

照 壁

塔正中朝东一面有一照壁，照壁上有“永镇山川”四个楷书大字，每个字高1.7米。为明代黔国公沐世阶所书。

题这四个字的原因有两种说法，一种认为大理地区水患多，“永镇山川”意在镇服水患，塔顶的大鹏金翅鸟也是镇龙之物;另一种说法是大理被纳入明朝的版图后，镇守云南的黔国公(沐英之孙沐世阶)题下“永镇山川”意在誓死镇守云南山川。 。

小 塔

南北两座小塔与千寻塔在平面布局上呈一等腰三角形，距千寻塔的距离均为70米，两小塔相距97.5米。

它们的建筑年代晚于千寻塔，大约在大理国时期，相当于中原的五代时期(公元12世纪左右)。

两座小塔均为十层八角形密檐砖塔，高42.19米，每层分别雕券龛、佛像、莲花等，塔身外涂抹一层白色泥皮，塔顶有伞形铜铃和三只铜葫芦。 l

特 点

对于三塔，我们可以总结出以下三大特点：

①千寻塔为16层，小塔为lO层，均为偶数层塔，与中原盛行的奇数层塔截然不同;

②千寻塔的外形轮廓是上下向内收缩，中部凸出，呈现出柔和的曲线美;

③据说建造三塔时采取了“堆土建塔，挖土现塔”的建筑方式。

三塔建成1000多年以来，经历了长期的风雨剥蚀和多次地震的考验，塔基依然稳固，塔身也未见明显倾斜(据载，明正德己亥年，即公元1520xx年5月6日大地震，城内房屋倒塌99%，而三塔岿然不动，仅震落千寻塔塔顶宝刹，可见三塔具有很高的建筑技术水平)

路中这块石头是有名的蛙鸣石，用石头撞击它会发出青蛙的鸣叫声。

文物陈列馆

绕过三塔，路的两旁这两个陈列馆是崇圣寺三塔文物陈列馆，里面陈列着在维修三塔的过程中发掘出土的南诏、大理国时期的各种文物680余件。其中包括了《金刚般若经》图卷、《大陀罗尼经》、纯金观音像、金质释迦牟尼坐像等以及大量珍珠、玛瑙、水晶、珊瑚、绘画等珍贵文物，具有较高的历史价值，是研究南诏、大理国历史的实物资料。

正面这座楼就是南诏建极大钟的钟楼，右边有一个三塔聚影池，在这里可以欣赏到“六塔”。

钟 楼

南诏建极大钟钟楼，原名为胜概楼，始建于南诏建极十二年(公元871年)，为重檐木构建筑，毁于清咸丰同治年间，现在我们看到的这座楼重建于1997年，高19.97米。

原来的大钟称为“建极大钟”，铸于南诏建极十二年(公元871年)，徐霞客曾在《滇游日记》中这样写道：“钟极大，径可丈余，而厚及尺，其声闻可八十里。”当时大理著名的十六景中有一景就是“钟震佛都”。寺内的巨钟与大殿同时毁于清咸丰至同治年间，现在重铸的建极大钟，是由北京古钟博物馆据史料设计，由南京晨光机器厂铸造。钟高3.86米，直径2.138米，重16.295吨。目前为中国第四大钟，云南第一大钟。

钟外壁铸有精美的图案：上层为六幅波罗蜜图案，分别为妙法波罗蜜、胜叶波罗蜜、慈音波罗蜜、金刚波罗蜜、智宝波罗蜜和大轮波罗蜜;下层为六幅天王像，分别是：多闻天王、天主帝释天王、持国天王、增长天王、大梵天天王和广目天王。

钟楼的后面是雨铜观音殿。

雨铜观音殿

雨铜观音殿为五开问单檐歇山顶木构建筑，毁于期间，于1999年重建。殿高29.99米，占地面积8 100平方米。

殿内正中供奉着站立的雨铜观音像。原像铸于南诏中兴二年，即唐昭宗光化二年(公元899年)，后被毁，1999年重铸。像高8.6米，莲花座高1.8米，下面的须弥座高2.2米。观音像及莲花座均为铜铸贴金，共耗费铜11吨。 、

相传当年在铸造这座观音像的过程中，铸到一半铜便用完了，这时天上下了一场雨，奇妙的是，落下的不是水珠而是铜珠，人们收集起这些铜珠便铸完了观音像，所以取名雨铜观音。

左边分别供奉着梵僧观音和负石观音;右边分别供奉着水月观音和阿嵯耶观音。他们都是阿嵯耶观音的不同化身。

二楼四周墙壁陈列着的是《南诏国史图传》和《大理国描工张胜温画梵像卷》的复制图。

三楼现为观音文化展。

各位朋友,三塔景区的游程就要结束了,重建的崇圣寺建筑群规模宏大,再现了历史上

各位游客朋友：

我们现在已经来到了天安门广场。大家可以看一下，我们现在的位置是在天安门广场南北方向的中轴线上，距我们南面的人民英雄纪念碑大约有100米左右的距离。我们今天在天安门广场游览的时间是30分钟。

大家向我这里聚一下，我先给大家简要介绍一下天安门广场的主要景观。(手势，向北指)大家先向这边看。(稍停顿，待游客目光集中于手指方向)我爱北京--天-安-门。一会儿，我会向大家详细介绍天安门的的沧桑历史。除了天安门城楼外，我还要向您介绍天安门前的金水桥、以及桥前的华表和石狮。大家回一下头，您看到了，这就是庄严挺拔的人民英雄纪念碑了，随后我也将向您讲一讲她的故事。纪念碑南边的建筑就是"_纪念堂"，我们今天的行程没有安排大家瞻仰_遗容，如果您有意去的话，可以告诉我，我会尽量满足您的愿望。天安门广场东侧的建筑是中国革命历史博物馆，这里陈列了大量珍贵的革命历史文物。和她相对着的，(手势，向西指)西边的这座建筑，就是非常著名的"人民大会堂"。关于她，一会儿我也会向您做详细介绍。

好好好，大家现在可以在广场上拍照留念。拍照前我给大家提个醒，大家尽量避免站在这条中轴线上拍照，旗杆可能会影响您的拍摄效果。另外，大家如果在纪念碑前拍照的话，建议您到纪念碑的那一侧去拍，在这边是逆光，会影响照片的效果。给大家10分钟时间，拍完照请到这里集合，我在这里等大家.

下面我首先为大家介绍一下天安门城楼。天安门原为明清两代皇城的正门，始建于明永乐十五年(1417)，最初叫做承天门，取"承天启运，受命于天"之意。清顺治八年(1651年)重修而改名天安门，含"受命于天"和"安邦治民"的意思。至今已有580多年的历史了，是全国重点文物保护单位。天安门城楼，建筑在巨大条石砌成的须弥座式城台上，造型庄重浑厚，宏伟典雅，是中国传统建筑艺术的典型代表作之一。城楼通高34.7米。城台上的大殿宽九楹(62.77米)，进深五楹(27.25米)，象征封建帝王的"_"至尊。大殿为重檐歇山式，朱墙黄琉璃瓦顶。南面设有菱花隔扇门、窗36扇，殿内外立有直径2米的巨柱60根，天花、斗拱、梁枋等处、均绘满了最高等级的金龙和玺彩画，金碧辉煌，极为雄伟壮观。

1988年的元旦，天安门城楼正式对外向游客开放。在天安门高大的暗红城墙中辟有五个券洞门，明清时代，这里的门、桥行走规制森严，中门为皇帝进出专用。皇帝每年冬至往天坛祭天，夏至去地坛祭地，孟春赴先农坛耕籍田，都要出入天安门。那么，在当时，是不是只有皇帝一人才能进出中门呢?这位朋友答的对，不是。大家知道还有什么人可以走这里吗?(稍做停顿)让我来告诉大家。此外，皇帝的父母可从中门入宫;皇帝大婚，皇后可从中门进入一次;新科状元等"金殿传胪"后，可从中门出宫一回。除此之外，严禁任何人进出，否则是要治重罪的。中门左右的两座旁门，供宗室王公和三品以上文武百官通行。过去天安门是座只进喜，不出丧的吉祥之门。

好好天安门的设计者是蒯(kuǎi)祥。蒯祥是江苏吴县人，明初洪武年间生于木匠家庭，他的父亲是一位有名望的木工师傅，能主建大型工程。蒯祥受父亲影响，从小学艺，勤奋好学，聪慧过人，三十来岁时，已成为才华出众的木工匠师了。燕王朱棣，也就是后来的永乐皇帝，经"靖难之役"取得帝位后，决定从南京迁都北京。永乐四年至十八年(1406-1420)，明成祖朱棣调集全国各地的能工巧匠前来北京营建工程巨大、难度极高的天安门(初名承天门)等宏伟建筑。蒯祥以高超的设计方案和精湛的建筑技艺，被推选为皇宫工程的建筑设计师。当时人们尊称他为"蒯鲁班"。蒯祥曾担任建筑皇家宫殿的官吏，直至工部左侍郎等官职，为中国的民族建筑艺术创下了光辉的业绩。

欢迎大家来到这!我是你们的导游，我姓x，大家可以叫我小x。为了便于大家参观游玩，下面我首先大家介绍一下。

国家AAAA级旅游景区——甘什岭槟榔谷原生态黎苗文化旅游区，是一个多民族、多文化、多形态的，集观光游览、休闲娱乐、文化展示为一体的多元复合型旅游风景区，占地面积509亩，地处三亚市与保亭县交界处甘什岭自然保护区境内，因景区两边森林峻峭，中间是一条连绵数公里的槟榔谷地，故称槟榔谷。景区由原甘什黎村、原生态苗寨、神秘雨林、原生态歌舞演出《椰岛谷歌》四大板块构成一幅和谐秀美的画卷，游客置身其中看旖旎风光、听婉转黎歌，感受自然气息、领略民族风情，是旅行的文化艺术，更是文化艺术的旅行。作为海南岛唯一以原生态黎苗文化为主题的旅游区，槟榔谷为海南岛本土文化的挖掘抢救和弘扬做出了不可磨灭的贡献。景区集中展示了众多海南国家级非物质文化遗产项目，是我省优秀少数民族文化的最佳展示窗口。景区距三亚市仅28公里，交通便利，可于三亚市区乘坐旅游专线大巴、或开往保亭、五指山方向的城际班车，在槟榔谷景区下车即到，仅需30分钟;也可乘坐出租车或参团前往参观游览。

槟榔谷景区创建十几年来，始终坚持弘扬黎苗族传统文化这一信念，在各级党委、政府及主管部门的大力支持下，景区先后投建了非物质文化遗产陈列馆、黎族纹身馆、黎族艺术馆、陶艺馆等多个原生态黎苗文化主题场馆，并展出龙被、树皮衣、独木器乐、独木舟等文物，同时展示了黎族织锦、制陶、钻木取火、八音器乐等非物质文化遗产技艺，近年来更是吸引央视各大频道、我国各大地方电视台、日、韩、新加坡、远东、乌克兰、法国等各国电视台慕名前来拍摄，仅钻木取火技艺一项就接受了数十次专题拍摄。同时，景区工作人员深入古旧村落发掘、抢救的文物也是不计其数，仅“绣面文身”一手资料的整理和《黎族文身新探》的出版便可说是前所未有。

槟榔谷景区大型原生态实景演出《椰岛谷歌》将我省景区黎苗风情演出上升到专业化、艺术化、大型化。演出更是将非物质文化遗产织锦、编藤技艺融入歌舞表演，在演出节目的创新的同时将珍贵的文化遗产生动的展示给游客。自演出以来，好评如潮，被国内外游客、各大媒体誉为自然风光与人文演出的完美结合。

Hello, tourists! My name is Wang Xiangyu. Im your tour guide. Just call meXiao Wang. Welcome to Jiuhua Mountain. Lets first introduce the generalsituation of Jiuhua Mountain. Jiuhua Mountain is located in Chizhou City, AnhuiProvince. It is the main scenic spot of the "two mountains and one lake" goldentourist area in Anhui Province. It has beautiful scenery and numerous ancienttemples. It is also known as the four famous Buddhist mountains in China withMount Emei in Sichuan, Mount Wutai in Shanxi and Mount Putuo in Zhejiang.

Jiuhua Mountain was not originally called Jiuhua Mountain, but Jiuzimountain in the Tang Dynasty. Because of its beautiful peaks, there are ninepeaks above the clouds, so there are nine Jiuzi mountains. During the reign ofTang Tianbao, Li Bai, an immortal poet, had been there twice

Next, we first enter the Jiuhua Street scenic spot, and the first thing wesee is a stone gate square. It is carved out of marble, 9 meters high, and is animitation of the Hui style architecture of the Qing Dynasty. The banner isengraved with the four characters "Jiuhua Shengjing" written by Emperor Kangxi.There are stone lions carved under the two pillars of the middle gate. The gateis dignified and elegant. After passing the gate, you can see Yingxian bridge.This bridge was built during the reign of Emperor Qianlong. It is a single holestone arch bridge. Please follow me to this ancient bridge and step into thefairyland!

Well, after visiting Zhiyuan temple, we are now at the center of Jiuhuastreet. What you can see is Huacheng temple, the kaishanzu Temple of JiuhuaMountain. Under the stone steps of Huacheng temple, there are a pair of stonelions in Song Dynasty, one female and one male, which are ancient and clumsy.Huacheng Temple gradually rises according to the terrain, with rigorousstructure, simple and elegant, basically preserving the original style ofkaishanzu temple.

Well, our tour of Jiuhua Mountain has come to an end. Thank you for yoursupport and cooperation in Xiao Wangs work. I hope we will continue to serveyou in the future. Have a good trip! Thank you!

各位游客：大家好!欢迎各位到九寨沟观光游览！

九寨沟位于四川省阿坝藏族羌族自治州九寨沟县境内，以有九个藏族村寨而得名。九寨沟海拔在2千米以上，遍布原始森林， 它的总面积6万多公顷，三条主沟形成Y形分布，总长达60余公里。水是九寨沟的精灵，湖、泉、滩、瀑将108个海子连成一体， “鱼在天上游，鸟在水中飞，树在水中生，水在林间流”等神奇景观只有在这里才得一见，九寨沟是全国重点风景名胜区，是我国唯一一个拥有“世界自然遗产”和“世界生物圈保护区”两顶桂冠的圣地。

相传男神达戈把宝镜送给色嫫的时候，色嫫的时候，色嫫不小心失手打破了镜子，破碎的镜片就变成了九寨沟内108块海子，宝镜变成了五光十色的海子美丽无比！海子就是我们这里的藏民对高山湖泊的称呼。九寨沟因此得名！（很久很久以前，有一个男山神达戈和女山神沃诺色镆热烈相恋。这里的恶魔蛇魔扎惊慕色嫫的美色，反对达戈进沟，就发动了赶走达戈、抢劫色嫫的战争。恶战中，色嫫险些被恶魔抢走，色嫫在慌乱中把达戈送给她的定情之物——宝镜掉落下地，摔成了108个碎片，变成了散步沟内的108个海子。达戈和蛇魔扎从沟内打到沟口，万山之祖扎依扎嘎伸出了援助之手，以一座屏风似得山崖挡住恶魔退路，又以一声霹雳恶魔埋进山崖，只露出了一张丑恶的脸。山崖就是宝镜岩，原来就叫魔鬼岩，崖面上的鬼脸依稀可见。从此，九寨沟恢复了宁静和祥和。

我重点介绍的珍珠滩和五花海两个景点。

我们来到珍珠滩，日则沟和南日沟的交界处，有一片坡度平缓，长满了各种灌木丛的浅滩，长约100米水流在此经过多级跌落河谷，声音震耳欲聋。激流在倾斜而凹凸不平的乳黄色钙化滩面上溅起无数水珠，阳光下，点点水珠就像巨型扇贝里的粒粒珍珠，远看河中流动着一河洁白的珍珠。珍珠滩由此命名。山间栈道会带给您来到九寨沟的精华地段珍珠滩瀑布，瀑布呈新月形，宽162.5米，高21米，最大落差40米，站在瀑布下边，腾飞的水雾扑面而一，顿生一种沁人心脾、清心爽朗的感觉。珍珠滩瀑布以它磅礴的气势成了《西游记》片头景的拍摄点.

现在我们来到了有“九寨沟一绝”和“九寨精华”之誉的五花海。在五花海，同一水域，呈现出鹅黄、墨绿、深蓝、藏青等色，斑驳迷离，色彩缤纷，这大自然妙笔涂抹的色彩，是那么大胆、强烈而又富于变幻，让人惊叹。因为水里有二百多钟藻类和矿物，又因为太阳光的折射反射，所以海子形成各种不同的颜色。一些枯死的老树漂在水里，树干上有长出小树小草，海子就显得更美丽和生机了。九寨人说：五花海是神池，它的水洒向哪儿，哪儿就花繁林茂，美丽富铙

相信一天的游览让您舍不得离开享有“童话世界”之誉的九寨沟了吧。好了，今天，我们游览到此结束了，祝大家旅途愉快，再见!

Yangshan, nine mountain jiuhua mountain called ling, for nine peaks shapedlike a lotus, began years (742 ~ 756) renamed the jiuhua mountain. For the threebig mountains of inclined column in the south of anhui (one of the huangshanmountain and jiuhua mountain, b). Located in chizhou anhui province countyterritory, on the other side of the Yangtze river and the tianzhu mountain innorthwest, southeast of the huangshan taiping lake and the happiness, is a "twomountain lake" in anhui, huangshan mountain and jiuhuashan mountain, taipinglake) gold tourist area north of the main entrance, the main scenic spots. 120kilometers, the total area of 120 square kilometers, the highest peak 1342meters above sea level, the center of jiu hua street geographical coordinatesfor longitude 117 °, 30 ° latitude.

Jiuhua mountain main body is composed of yanshan period granite, givepriority to with peak, valley basin, mix water fountain. Ermeishan mountainrocky cragginess, a total of 99 peaks, of which tiantai, sky column, ten Kings,lotus, lohan, esteems, lotus and other nine peaks are most magnificent. Ten wangfeng, highest elevation 1342 meters. Mainly concentrated in 100 squarekilometers, within the scope of the scenery has nine son springs sound stream,five mountains, sea of clouds, flat, snow lotus peak, tiantai xiao day, monthShuTan seal, MinYuan bamboo sea, phoenix ancient pine trees, etc. High mountainmonastery, cigarette smoke, and ancient towering, quiet, witty, known as the"lotus buddhist," said. Existing temple, 78, Buddha more than 78. The temples ofthe famous sweet dew temple, temple city, only garden temple, an ancient namefor sandalwood, centenarians palace, meditation room, Lin hui ju temple, such ascollection of thousands of pieces of cultural relics. In the mountains and moneytree, jingle birds, giant salamander and other rare animals and plants.

In the mountain under well, cloud above the table, the different shape ofoverlapping peaks, the number nine, so the number nine mountain. Began yearsgreat poet-saint Li Baiceng number of jiuhua mountain, see the mountain show,nine peaks such as lotus, want to sing with my friends in the "change son ninemountain jiuhua interference and preface of yue:" miao have two gas, lingshanjiu hua ", so "nine mountain" instead of "jiuhua mountain". Li Baiyin jiuhuadid: "yesterday in jiujiang (Yangtze river), far out at nine huafeng, tianhehangs green water, showing nine lotus. I would like to a wave of his hand, whocan phase from? Jun as the host, the lie chamaecyparis pisifera." "Tianhe hangsgreen water, show nine lotus" verse be depicted of the beautiful scenery of thejiuhua mountain song.

Liu yuxi in tang dynasty mountain at the praise: "qifeng saw surprisedsoul", "naturally endowed a stunner. "A river of wang wei painting, stone for LiBaishi". Jiuhua mountain, around a deep ditch canyon, hang down deep pools, thewater flowing waterfall, spectacular, just like a picture of a pure and freshand natural landscape picture scroll. The view is it everywhere, people movingscene change, the qing dynasty summed up there are ten views "9". After theopening to the outside world, the new monarch eight scenic spots, hundreds ofnew attractions. Old and new attractions in photograph reflect, natural xiuseaccommodation with human landscape, combined with the four seasons, when thescene, sunrise, sunset, sea of clouds, rime, snow, sleet, Buddhas light andother wonders, beautiful, amazing, linger. Known as "southeast first mountain","jiangnan first mountain" of reputation.

九寨沟的名子是因沟内有九个寨子而得名。

请大家跟我走，我们先到的是，蓝天、白云、雪山、森林、尽融于瀑、河、滩、缀成一串串宛若从天而降的珍珠;篝火、烤火、锅庄美丽的传说，展出藏族人的好客。

接下来，大家看到的是翠海，如果，你把海水捞起来，是绿色的，如果，你把海水又放在翠海里，就是彩色的。

游客们，九寨沟，是一个秀丽神奇的好地方。其中，翠海、叠瀑、彩林、雪峰、藏情是九寨沟的五绝。

游客们，下面请大家跟我去看彩林的美丽神奇吧!

游客们，现在，我们四周都是大树，大树有20000余种值物，争奇斗艳，林中奇花异草，色彩绚丽，可漂亮了。

3万顷莽莽苍苍的原始森林，随着天气变化，呈现出种.种奇丽风貌。

入冬，积雪使九寨沟变成了银白的世界，莽莽林海，以玉树琼花，冰瀑，冰幔，晶莹结白。

游客们，九寨沟的景色太多了，是走不完的，请游客们细细游赏。

尊敬的游客朋友们，大家好!欢迎来到长城。我们现在所在的这段长城是八达岭长城。我是导游小赵。

今天，我将带领大家游览长城，希望大家能玩的开心。在游览之前我要先强调一下游览中需要注意的事：第一，请大家要跟紧队伍，不要掉队;第二，要做一个文明的游客，一起爱护长城。

长城很长，它从东头的山海关到西头的嘉峪关有13000多里，长城它横贯了十五个省、市、自治区，全长约6700公里，约13300里，在世界上有万里长城之誉。

长城十分高大坚固，是用巨大的条石和城砖筑成的。大家可以看看我们脚下的方砖，铺得十分平整。五六匹马都可以并行。大家把目光都转到城墙外上的垛子。垛子上有瞭望口和射口，供瞭望和射击用的。那凹下去的部分叫瞭望口，方形的洞叫射口。在城墙顶上每隔三百多米就有一座方形的城台，是屯兵用的堡垒，打扙的时候城台之间可以互相呼应。

长城被列为世界文化遗产之一，有着悠久的历史。春秋战国时期，各国为了互相防御，就在地势险要之处修建长城。

长城它始建于春秋战国时期，秦始皇时期加以修缮，此后汉、北魏、北齐、北周、隋各代都曾修筑过长城。明代修筑长城达18次。

关于长城我就介绍这些，大家尽情地游玩吧!

大家好，欢迎大家来到故宫，很高兴能为大家服务，我是本次大家旅程的李子昂，大家叫我李导就行，今今天有我陪同大家共度这段美好的时光。

Hello, welcome to the Palace Museum, and Im glad to serve you, I am the journey zi-ang li, you just call me lee, today today have I accompany you have a good time.

故宫建于1420xx年，1420xx年基本竣工，是明朝皇帝朱棣时建，现在请大家跟我一起去故宫中最大的宫殿太和殿看看。这里是明朝皇帝召见白宫发号施令举行庆典的地方，全殿面阔间，进深五间，外有廊柱，殿内外立着72根大柱，殿高35米，殿内净高达14米，宽63米，为全宫最大的木构大殿。

For the completion of the imperial palace was built in 1406, 1420, is the Ming dynasty emperor Zhu Dishi build, now with me, please go to the imperial palace the biggest palace in the taihe palace. Here is the place where the Ming emperor summoned to the White House orders in ceremonies, the whole temple width, depth 5, outside corridor column, outside the house stood 72 pillar of big, the 35 meters high, inside clear height of 14 meters, 63 meters wide, for all the palace, the largest wooden hall.

我们再来到中和殿，位于紫禁城太和殿之间。是皇帝去太和殿大典之前休息，幷接受执事官员朝拜的地方。

We came to neutralize the temple, the hall of supreme harmony of the Forbidden City. Is the emperor rest the night before they go to the hall of supreme harmony, ministers and accept a mecca for officials.

又玩了中和殿，我再带大家去参观保和殿，这座保和殿是清代的国宴厅及考举科场。大家都知道，乾隆身边有一位大臣叫刘墉，他就是在这保和殿考上状元的。

Play the zhonghe palace again, Ill take you to visit the Baohe Palace, the Baohe Palace is the qing dynasty state banquet hall and test for examination hall. As everybody knows, qianlong nearby have a minister called liu2 yong, he is in the Baohe Palace was admitted into the draft.

故宫的游览就到这里，对我今天的讲解还满意吗?欢迎您提出意见和建议，我深表感谢，最后我祝大家玩的开心。谢谢。

The Forbidden City tour here, todays explanation to me still satisfaction? You are welcome to put forward opinions and Suggestions, Im very grateful to, finally, I wish everyone have a good time. thank you

Dear guests

Hello! Entrusted by the tourism and reception departments, I would like toextend a warm welcome to all the guests visiting Qufu, a famous city. I am veryglad to be accompanied by a tour guide. This is a good opportunity for us toenjoy and study together. Please leave your valuable comments after reading.

First of all, I would like to briefly introduce the history and culturalrelics of Qufu.

Qufu, a famous historical and cultural city, is the hometown of Confucius,a great thinker, educator, politician, literature arranger and sage of the worldin ancient China, the hometown of Mencius, the birthplace of Xuanyuan YellowEmperor, the ancestor of the Chinese nation, the capital of Yan Emperor, thehometown of Shang and Yin, and the capital of Lu. Four of the three emperors andfive emperors lived and worked here for more than 5000 years. There are abundanttreasures underground and numerous cultural relics on the ground. At present,there are 112 cultural relics, including UN protected units, 3 World CulturalHeritage sites, 4 national protected sites, 12 provincial protected sites, andothers protected at prefecture level.

The most important ones are "three Confucius, two temples and onemausoleum", "three mountains, two forests and one temple". Confucius Temple,Confucius Mansion and Confucius forest are commonly known as "three Confucius".There are temples dedicated to Zhou Gong, the sage of the Yuan Dynasty in China,and temples dedicated to Fusheng Yanhui, the first disciple of Confucius, whichare commonly known as "two temples"; Yiling is SHAOHAO mausoleum in Shouqiu, thebirthplace of Yellow Emperor; Sanshan; and Jiuxian mountain (also known asJiushan), the birthplace of Confucius. The second forest is: mengmulin, the bestmother to educate children in the world, lianggonglin, the burial place ofConfucius parents; "Yisi" is the place where Li Bai and Du Fu wrote poems,answered correctly and parted. The famous scholar Kong Shangren lived inseclusion in Shimen temple, the national garden.

Now lets look at the Confucius Temple.

Confucius Temple, also known as Zhisheng temple, is a place for offeringsacrifices to Confucius and his wife Qi Guan and 72 sages. Together with theForbidden City in Beijing and Chengde summer resort in Hebei, Confucius Templeis known as Chinas three major ancient architectural complexes. Experts saidfour words to Confucius Temple: the oldest, the most grand, the most completepreservation, and the most prominent Oriental architectural features. Twoproblems can be seen from the Confucius Temple: one is the great contribution ofConfucius to China and even the oriental culture; the other is that China hascraftsmen in history.

Confucius Temple was built in 478 BC, the year after Confucius died. In theformer residence of Confucius, three temples were built to display Confuciusclothes, cars, books and so on. The Confucius Temple was expanded by emperors ofall dynasties, including 15 major repairs, 31 medium repairs and hundreds ofminor repairs, reaching the present scale. The Confucius Temple imitates theimperial palace. It is divided into three layout, nine courtyards. It has 466houses and 54 gates and pavilions. It runs through a central axis from east towest. There are nearly one thousand steles, covering an area of 327.5 mu, whichis two Li and 150 meters long. The Confucius Temple we see now is the scale ofthe Hongzhi period of the Ming Dynasty. After liberation, the state allocatedfunds for maintenance and protection for many times. The first batch of nationalkey cultural relic protection units announced by China were listed as worldcultural heritage in December 1994, and became cultural relic units protected bythe United Nations. Confucius Temple has been built for a long time, has a largescale, and is completely preserved, which is rare in the world.

Shinto. "Wanren palace wall" before the ancient cypress vigorous thissection of the road is "Shinto". In front of important temples, there is aspecial way of respecting and understanding, which is called "Shinto".

Wanren palace wall. This gate is the South Gate of Ming City in Qufu, andit is also the first gate of Confucius Temple. It is hung with the fourcharacters of "Wanren palace wall", which was written by Emperor Qianlong ofQing Dynasty. It comes from Zi Gong, the proud disciple of Confucius. At themeeting of the state of Lu, it was proposed that Zigongs knowledge was broadand profound, which could be compared with Confucius. Zigong stood upimmediately and said, I dare not compare with my teacher Confucius. Humanknowledge is like a wall. My wall is only one Ren high, and my teachers wall isseveral Ren high. That is to say, my knowledge is equal to a shoulder high,clear at a glance, nothing profound; Confucius knowledge is several times asmuch as mine, after detailed research, comprehensive discussion, we canunderstand all of him, after entering the door, we can see the beauty of thetemple, you cant see it outside the door. In order to describe Confuciusprofound knowledge, later generations changed from the masters wall to "hundredRen" and "thousand Ren" to the emperor of Ming Dynasty who granted Confucius thetitle of "civil servant in the world, imperial teacher of all dynasties", andpraised Confucius knowledge as "ten thousand Ren". Looking up, we cant see thetop. It also said that the wall was very solid. These four words were originallywritten by the imperial envoy of Ming Dynasty. In order to show that he attachedgreat importance to Confucius, Qianlong replaced his imperial pen with hispersonal letter "Wanren palace wall".

Jin Sheng Yu Zhen Fang. This workshop was built in Ming Dynasty to expressConfucius exquisite and perfect knowledge, just like the whole process ofplaying music, which is complete from beginning to end. Ancient music beginswith the ringing of a bell, which starts with the sound of "the beginning oforder" and ends with the striking of a chime. The sound of "jade vibration" isthe sound of the falling of the chime, which is called "the end of order".Praising Confucius knowledge is a great achievement of the sages and sages, soit is called "the sound of gold and the sound of jade vibration". The sound of"golden sound" is the sound of the bell, which starts with the sound of "jadevibration" and ends with the sound of the chime. This is also the source of theidiom "start and finish". "Jin Sheng Yu Zhen" was written by Hu zuanzong, agreat calligrapher in Ming Dynasty.

"Two cypresses bear one hole". There is an ancient cypress in the East andwest of the single hole stone arch bridge passing yuzhenfang, so it is called"two cypresses bear one hole". This bridge is called "Panshui bridge", which isconnected with the water in the pan pool beside the palace, so it is called "panwater". In the past, when I read the book of Confucius and Mencius, I wasadmitted to higher education, which is called "entering hope". Officials hope tobe promoted, do business, hope to get rich, and live a prosperous life.

Dismount monument. Outside the temple wall, there are two stone tablets,the Xiama tablet and Xiajiao tablet, which were set up in 1191 ad. The stele inthe West had been destroyed, and the stele in the East said, "officials andpeople wait to get off here.". In the past, civil and military officials andcommon people passed by, dismounted and walked on foot to show respect forConfucius and Confucius Temple.

Lattice star gate. It was built in the Ming Dynasty and rebuilt in 1754 ad.it was made of wood instead of iron and stone. "Lingxingmen" was written byEmperor Qianlong. It is said that there are twenty-eight constellations in thesky. Among them, there is a star in charge of culture called "Lingxing", alsoknown as "Wenqu star" and "tianzhenxing". It connects Confucius with the star incharge of culture in the sky and says that he is the highest in culture. Forexample, in the past, when worshiping heaven, we should first worship "Wenqustar". There is a saying that respecting Confucius is like respectingheaven.

Taihe Yuanqi square. This workshop was built in 1544 A.D. in the MingDynasty. It highly praises Confuciuss idea that "the space universe can nurtureall things.". "The harmony of heaven and earth, the harmony of the four sides,the harmony of yin and Yang" is the most basic thing, the harmony of theuniverse and the vitality of the human world. "Taihe Yuanqi" is written by ZengMian, governor of Shandong Province.

The most holy temple. The "Zhisheng Temple Square" built in the MingDynasty is made of white marble, decorated with flame jewels.

The world of moral Mou, the road crown ancient and modern. The East andwest of the Taoist temple are lined with a very strange memorial archway.Surrounded by wooden corner edges, there are a thousand heads and ten thousandcontinuations. There are eight monsters under it, which are called "Heavendragon and God lion". It is said that it is dignified and inspired, which candrive away evil and uphold justice. In the eastern memorial archway, it waswritten: "demou heaven and earth", saying that the benefits of Confucius ideasto human beings are as high as heaven and earth, and the merits and virtues canbe compared with heaven and earth. The memorial archway in the West reads"Daoguan ancient and modern", praising Confucius thoughts and methods, whichare the highest in the world.

Holy time gate. The three gates are parallel, the four platforms are thesame as above, and the central Panlong. The name of this gate comes fromMencius. For the four ancient sages, Boyi, Yiyin, liuxiahui and Confucius,Mencius summed up the Four Saints holy deeds into four sentences: Boyi is thesage of the Qing Dynasty, Yiyin is the sage of the appointed, liuxiahui is thesage of the sum, and Confucius is the sage of the time. "Shengshi" highlypraises Confucius thought, advocates enduring, and is a sage suitable for thetimes. When the emperor came to Qufu to court Confucius, he had to kneel downthree times and knock nine times, and walk through the gate of holy time. WhenYan Shenggong was born, he opened the gate of holy time. All go fast, the gateis high.

Lets have a quick look at the gate. That is to say, Confucius knowledgeof "Five Classics and four books" means that those who learn first have culturefirst, and those who learn first have knowledge first. They compete to learn,and it is a pleasure to see first and read first.

Look up at the door. It was named after Yan Huis praise of Confucius. YanHui said that the teachers way is to raise the top and drill the bottom. PraiseConfucius for his lack of knowledge, which is called "Mi Gao". It is difficultto understand classical Chinese, which is called "Mi Jian". Gao is notunattainable, but can be learned through hard work. Yan Hui said, "the masterfollowed the rules and was good at attracting people. He learned from me inwriting and said that I was polite." My teacher is good at persuasion, teachingme culture and courtesy.

Han stone man. In the pavilion of yanggaomenli, there are two Han stonepeople with high historical value. One is the "Pavilion leader" (a localofficial of Han Dynasty), and the other is the pawn of the palace gate. They areall guards in front of the tomb of the king of Lu. The stone man is valued bythe ancient scholars of epigraphy, which is of great value to the study of HanDynasty clothing and writing.

Jinshui bridge, this bridge, with the same name as the bridge in front ofthe Forbidden City, is also called Jinshui bridge, also known as Bishui bridge,with three holes arranged in a row and green water rippling.

Hongdaomen. Crossing jinshuiqiao is the "hongdaomen" appointed by theemperor of Ming Dynasty, which means "people can promote Taoism, not Taoism" inthe Analects of Confucius. Confucius is an ordinary literati, why become asaint? Praise Confucius summed up the experience of sages, especially carryforward the Yao, Shun, Yu Tang, civil and military Zhou Gongs way. "To say thatpeople can command and create everything is to praise peoples subjectiveinitiative." There are two stone tablets under the Hongdao gate. The four edgedstone tablet in the East is the "history of Qufu", which records the history ofQufus evolution. It was established in the Yuan Dynasty and has high historicalvalue. In the west is the "epitaph of Mr. Chushi", which has high calligraphyvalue.

Big middle gate. Dazhongmen is the gate of Confucius Temple in SongDynasty. It is called "Zhonghe gate", which means that problems can be solvedeasily with Confucius thoughts. In the Ming Dynasty, the temple was renamed as"the great gate of the middle", praising Confucius knowledge as a collection ofhuman knowledge. In the middle, it means "the right way of the world in themiddle, the theorem of the world in the middle". Those who leave the middle arenot the right way, but the evil way. That is to say, no left, no right, fair andjust, forward is the mean. There are two turrets at the East and West ends ofDazhong gate, which are used to guard the Confucius Temple.

Tongwenmen, four famous brands, Confucian temple. There are four monumentsin the middle gate. The tablet of Hongzhi in the west of the Ming Dynasty talksabout the ethics of the cardinal principles. On the right side of the Hongzhimonument is the "Confucian temple map" drawn by Li Dongyang, a talented man ofthe Ming Dynasty in Changsha, Hunan Province, which is of high value.

Chenghua stele was erected by Zhu Jianshen, the emperor of Chenghua in MingDynasty. There are two situations that have attracted the attention ofcelebrities of all ages. First, Chenghua tablets regular script is wellwritten, standardized, exquisite and attractive; The second is the highestevaluation of Confucius. Emperors of all dynasties have commented on Confucius.The highest evaluation is emperor Chenghua. He compares Confucius ideas andmethods to eating, dressing and spending money. One day is inseparable fromthem. With Confucius principles and methods, one can make the best use of onestalents, materials and land. Otherwise, it will be a mess. It is said that ifthere is Confucius way, there will be a world. If there is no Confucius way,there will be no world. If there is anti Confucius way, there will be no world.Such as the inscription said: "I only have Confuciuss way, the world can not bewithout Yan, there is Confuciuss way, then the principle of justice and ethics,everything has its own place..., Confuciuss way in the world, such as cloth SuShu, peoples livelihood daily use can not be short of,... Born Confuciusvertical for the holy, lifes safety, benevolence and righteousness in theright, the rise of the teachers way, from travel 3000, to the holy is thenext."

Tongwenmen. The meaning of the word "human heart" is the same as that ofthe text. That is to say, only with concerted efforts and unity can we do a goodjob; the writing should be unified, only with unified writing can we record theexperience of historical communication, and random writing will lead toconfusion. Tongwen gate is an important barrier in front of Kuiwen Pavilion.

Kuiwen Pavilion, originally a library, is a place for collecting booksgranted by the emperor. It was built in the second year of emperor Tianxi ofSong Dynasty (A.D. 1018), and was changed into "kuiwenge" when Jin Zhangzongrebuilt it. This unique and majestic building is entirely of wood structure,which is an isolated example in the construction of China building. Afterseveral earthquakes, kuiwenge was not destroyed. In the earthquake of Kangxi 5years in Qing Dynasty, "nine out of ten houses fell, one out of ten remained,and kuiwenge remained motionless.". Li Dongyang, the Minister of the Ministry ofofficial in Ming Dynasty, wrote "kuiwenge Fu", praising the architecturalresearch value of kuiwenge. Its the stele at the east end of the corridor.

In front of the pavilion, the eastern and Western courtyards are called"zhaisu", which is a place for worshippers to fast and bathe. Dongyuan is theresidence of Yan Shenggong, where Kangxi and Qianlong spent their time to wash.The West courtyard is the shelter of the sacrificial staff. Kong zhaoxun, theseventy-one generation grandson of Confucius, inlaid more than 130 steles in thetemple for worshiping Confucius in the song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties onthe wall of the courtyard, so xizhaisu is also known as the stele courtyard.

Thirteen stele pavilions. This is the sixth courtyard of the ConfuciusTemple. There are 55 steles in the pavilion, which were erected in Tang, song,Jin, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. The contents of the steles are the emperors,Imperial Envoys worship of Confucius, the posthumous title and evaluation ofConfucius. The records of the previous construction of the Confucius Temple arewritten in Han, Manchu, Mongolian and basiba languages. Eight in the South andfive in the north, so it is called thirteen stele pavilions. Because they areall steles approved by the emperor, they are also called imperial stelepavilions. The third and sixth pavilions in the front row from the East werebuilt in the Jin Dynasty and are rare buildings in China. All the steles arecalled "imperial steles". "Mian" is the mascot. It is said that the Dragon Kinghas nine sons, and it is the eighth son. It loves "Wen" and is good at carryingheavy loads. The stone tablet has heavy characters, which is suitable for itscharacteristics. The image should be the dragon head, turtle body, Eagle leg andsnake tail.

From the east to the north, the third Pavilion is a monument erected byEmperor Kangxi. Beijing Xishan stone by the Grand Canal, economic South andtransported here. Experts calculate that the monument weighs 130000 Jin. It wassplashed with water and frozen along the way from Jining. Sometimes it came overon the ice and only went to the land of lying cattle one day. Qufu originallyhad good stones, which should be transported from Beijing to show the emperorsattention to Confucius. There are two steles in the southeast and southwest ofthe courtyard, all of which are the records of the princes and ministers whobuilt temples and worshipped Confucius. The calligraphy value is very high.

There is one gate in the East and one in the west, Yucui gate in the Eastand Guande gate in the West. Commonly known as Donghuamen, xihuamen.

From here, the Confucius Temple is divided into three routes. The fivegates are Dacheng gate, Jinsheng gate on the left, Yuzhen gate on the right,Qisheng gate on the West and Chengsheng gate on the East. The architecturalstructure of dachengmen is "intertwined, intriguing". The center is inserted as"hook center", and the top of the left and right four corners is "bucket angle".The three characters of dachengmen were written by Emperor Yongzheng. PraiseConfucius is a collection of sages and sages, reached the supreme realm.

The first teacher planted juniper by hand. The tall and vigorous cypresstree on the left of Dacheng gate was planted by Confucius. According to records:Confucius cut three cypress trees here. In the second year of Jin Zhenyou (A.D.1214), they were destroyed by fire. The trees withered and sprouted newbranches. There were "three withers and three glories", and there was a sayingthat "cypress trees were flourishing every day.". During the Wanli period of theMing Dynasty, Yang Guangxun, a gifted scholar, wrote five characters: "the firstteacher planted cypress by hand.".

Two long corridors. On both sides of the two equal rows of houses, a totalof 80, known as the "East and West veranda", is dedicated to 72 sages. Confuciusis known as a disciple of three thousand, 72 people who are proficient in sixarts, literature and martial arts, worshipped in the East and West. All theemperors of the past dynasties were entitled to the sages. Such as DongZhongshu, Han Yu, Wang Mingyang, Zhuge Liang, Kou Zhun, Yue Fei and so on. Bythe time of the Republic of China, there were 156. The last sage is Mr. LiangQichao. The original statues and tablets were changed to wooden tablets.Dongxiwu now displays a collection of Zhonggui stone carvings before the SongDynasty. The most precious national treasures of Zhou gongxunzi and batpracticing medicine are 22 stone inscriptions of Han and Wei dynasties. The"ritual stele", "Yiying stele", "Shichen stele", "Zhang Menglong stele" and "MiFu stele" with extremely high calligraphy value are rare treasures. There aremore than 100 pieces of "Han Dynasty stone carvings" on display in Xiwu. Theyare all well-known art treasures and precious materials for the study of Han,Wei and other historical and social life. There are 584 stone inscriptions ondisplay at the north end of the East veranda, which are the yuhonglou sutraswritten by Kong Jisu, the 69 generation grandson of Confucius.

Apricot altar. It was built in memory of Confucius lecture. Confucius wasteaching to his disciples on the platform under the big apricot tree. In 1018A.D. of Song Dynasty, Confucius had 45 generations

湘菜系即湖南菜，是以湘江流域、洞庭湖地区和湘西山区等地方菜发展而成。湘江流域的菜以长沙、衡阳、湘潭为中心，是湖南菜的主要代表。其制作精细，用料广泛，品种繁多，其特色是油多、色浓，讲究实惠。在品味上注重香酥、酸辣、软嫩。湘西菜擅长香酸辣，具有浓郁的山乡风味。湘菜历史悠久，早在汉朝就已经形成菜系，烹调技艺已有相当高的水平。在长沙市郊马王堆出土的西汉墓中，不仅发现有鱼、猪、牛等遗骨，而且还有酱、醋以及腌制的果菜遗物。唐宋以后，由于长沙曾是封建王朝政治、经济、文化的重要城市，因而湘菜系发展很快，形成了一套以炖、焖、煨、烧、炒、熘、煎、熏、腊等烹饪技术，成为我国著名的地方风味之一。

湘菜是由湘江流域、洞庭湖区和湘西山区三种地方风味为主组成。湘江流域的菜以长沙、衡阳、湘潭为中心。它的特点：用料广泛、制作精细、品种繁多;口味上注重香鲜、酸辣、软嫩，在制作上以煨、炖腊、蒸、炒诸法见称。同庭湖区的菜以烹制河鲜和家禽家畜见长，多用炖、烧、腊的制作方法，其特点是芡大油厚、咸辣香软。湘西菜擅长制作山珍野味，烟熏腊肉和各种腌肉，口味侧重于咸、香、酸、辣。由于湖南地处亚热带，气候多变、春季金雨，夏季炎热，冬季寒冷。因此湘菜特别讲究调味，尤重酸辣、咸香、清香、浓鲜。夏天炎热，其味重清淡、香鲜。冬天湿冷，味重热辣、浓鲜。湖南菜具有独特的风味，其主要名菜有"东安子鸡"、"组庵鱼翅"、"腊味合蒸"、"面包全鸭"、"麻辣子鸡"、"龟羊汤"、"吉首酸肉"、"五元神仙鸡"、"冰糖湘莲"等数百种。

湘西菜擅长香酸辣，具有浓郁的山乡风味。湘菜历史悠久，早在汉朝就已经形成菜系，烹调技艺已有相当高的水平。湖南地处我国中南地区，气候温暖，雨量充沛，自然条件十分优越。湘西多山，盛产笋、蕈和山珍野味;湘东南为丘陵和盆地，家牧副渔发达;湘北是著名的洞庭湖平原，素称"鱼米之乡"。在《史记》中曾记载了楚地"地势饶食，无饥馑之患"。

颐和园英文导游词

good morning ladies and gentlemen:

my name is . i’m very honored to be youre guide. i do hope all of you could like my guiding and enjoy everything on your pleasant day. this morning we are going to visit the summer palace. the summer palace is located on the northwest suburbs of beijing, about 20 kilometers away from the center of the city. so it will take us about 1 hour to get there. before we arrived at the summer palace, i would like to introduce you a brief introduction of the woderful imperial garden. the summer palace is the most beautiful and the largest imperial garden existing in chinan, and it is the best-preserved imperial garden in the world. in 1998, it was placed on the list of world cultural heritage by the unesco.

the summer palace was first built as an imperial garden at the beginning of 12th century in the jin dynasty. the construction continued to the yuan and ming dynasties. in the qing dynasty, the building of imperial gardens reached its culmination. during emperor qianlong’s reign, the famous ‘three hills and five gardens’ were built on the northwest suburbs of beijing. the summer palace was a part of it and at that time was called the garden of clear ripples. in 1860, the anglo-french allied forces invaded beijing. the ‘three hills and five gardens’ were burnt down to ashes.

in 1888, the empress dowager cixi spent the navy fund having the garden of clear ripples rebuilt. and then she renamed it the garden of nurtured harmony (summer palace).

in 1900, the allied forces of eight powers invaded beijing. the summer palace was once again severely damaged. it was rebuilt again in 1902.

in 1924, the last emperor puyi was driven out of the palace, after that, the summer palace was turned into a public park.

ladies and gentlemen, please look over there, in front of us is an archway. it is called “emptiness and the collection of excellence”, and it is the first scenery of the summer palace. the two chinese words on the front side of the archway mean emptiness and refer to everything in nature and in the scenery. the two words on the back side mean collection of excellence and refer to the tranquility of the beautiful scenery just within the garden.

(outside the east palace gate)

now, we have arrived at the east palace gate. it’s the main entrance of the summer palace. on top of the gate there is a plaque with three chinese characters ‘the summer palace’ in emperor guangxu’s handwriting. the gate that we are now entering was used by the emperor, the empress only in the old days.

(inside the east palace gate)

now we are inside the summer palace. in front of us is the second gate of the summer palace— the gate of benevolence and longevity. the annex halls on both sides were used for officials on duty and the offices of the privy council. well, before we start our tour in the garden, i will briefly introduce you the layout of the summer palace and our tour route. o.k., ladies and gentlemen, may i have your attention please? let’s look at the map together, from it we can see the summer palace covers an area of 290 hectares, which the lake occupies the three-fourths. the whole garden can be divide into three parts: the area was for political activities, resting places of the emperor and empress, and sightseeing areas. our tour will start from the area of the political activities, and end off the marble boat. on the way, we will visit the main constructions of the summer palace, such as the hall of jade ripples, the hall of happiness and longevity, the long corridor, the hall of dispelling clouds and so on. it will take us about two hours to visit the summer palace. please attention, we won’t walk back and our driver will pick us up at the north gate. should you get lost or separated from the group, please meet us at the north gate.

ok, everyone, let’s start our tour from the emperors’ office --- the hall of benevolence and longevity. follow me please.

(inside the courtyard of the benevolence and longevity)

passing through the gate of benevolence and longevity, we have already entered the courtyard of the hall of benevolence and longevity. the huge rock in front of us is taihu rock. it was quarried from taihu lake in jiangsu province, so it was known as taihu rock. please look around the courtyard and you can see there are four grotesque shaped rocks placed in each corner of this courtyard, representing the four seasons of the year. the taihu rocks are usually used as decoration for beautifying gardens and they are thin, crease, leak and penetration in characters.

the bronze mythical animal behind the taihu rock is known as suanni or some people call it qilin. according to ancient chinese mythology, the dragon had nine sons, but none of them became a real dragon. suanni was one of the nine sons of the dragon. it was an auspicious animal that could avoid evil spirits in ancient lengeds. suanni has the head of dragon, the antlers of dear, the hooves of ox and the tail of lion.

(in front of the hall of benevolence and longevity)

this grand hall is the hall of benevolence and longevity. it was first built in 1750. the name of this hall taken from a book entitled ‘lun yu’ by confucius doctrine means, “ those who are benevolent can enjoy a long life.” this hall was the place where emperor guangxu and empress dowager cixi held audience and handled state affairs when they were in the summer palace. for protecting the historical cultural relic, we couldn’t enter the hall. so i would like to briefly introduce you the decorations in the hall of benevolence and longevity. the arrangement of the hall has been left untouched. in the middle of the hall stands an emperor’s throne carved with nine dragons on design. there are two big fans on both sides behind the throne which are made of peacock feathers. behind the throne there is a big screen with red sandalwood frame and glass mirror inlaid. on the mirror there are 226 chinese characters of the word ‘longevity’ written in different styles. there are two scrolls on each side of the wall with a big chinese character ‘longevity’ written on it. it was said that the word ‘longevity’ written by empress dowager cixi. there are 100 bats painted at the background of the scroll symbolizing happiness.

well, please look up the two pairs of incense burners in the shape of a dragon and a phoenix in front of the hall. they were used to burn incense sticks to create the appropriate atmosphere. in the old days, the dragon and phoenix were the symbol of the emperor and empress. according to ritual, the dragons should be placed in the center while phoenixes were to either side in front of the hall.however, here, the dragons are off to the sides and the phoenixes are in the middle. this was a product of the end of qing dynasty when empress dowager cixi handled state affairs behind the screen.

(at the entrance of garden of virtuour harmony)

we are now visiting the garden of virtuous harmony, where emperor qianlong and empress dowager cixi were entertained with bejing opera performances. it mainly consists of the dressing house, the grand theater building and the hall of pleasure smile. the grand theater building was known as the ‘cradle of beijing opera’ was uniquely laid out and magnificently decorated. there are 7 exhibition halls with articles of daily use on display here.

(in front of the grand theater building)

this is the grand theater building. of the three main theater buildings of the qing dynasty, the grand theater building is the tallest and largest one. the other two are changyin pavilion in the forbidden city and qingyin pavilion in the mountain resort in chengde. the grand theater building, a three-storied structure, has a double roof with upturned eaves. it is 21 meters high and 17 meters wide. performances could be staged simultaneously on three levels. the top one was a symbol of happiness, the middle level was emolument level and the bottom stage was named longevity stage. each level has the entrance and the exit. there are some trapdoors in the ceiling and below the floor for ‘celestial being’ to fly down from the sky and the ‘devils’ to appear from the earth to set off a certain atmosphere on the stage. there is also a well and five ponds built under the stage for a good effect of water scenes. the stage is open to three sides.

well, please look at the construction that stands right opposite the grand theater building, it’s the hall of pleasure smile. the empress dowager cixi used bo sit inside the hall to watch and enjoy the peking opera.

(a lakeside walk from the garden of virtuous harmony to the hall of jade ripples)

we are now standing in the middle of a rockery behind the hall of benevolence and longevity. it appears that there’s nothing special ahead. however, after we clear the rockery, we will reach kunming lake. this is an application of a specific style of chinese

gardening.

now, we are walking along the bank of the kunming lake. look over there, not far away in the lake there is an islet. it’s called the spring heralding islet. the pavilion on the islet is called the spring heralding pavilion. a number of willow trees and peach trees were planted on this islet. in early spring, when the ice begins to melt, peach trees are red in pink blossoms, willow trees turn a tender green signaling that the early spring has returned. hence the name ‘heralding sping pavilion’.

(in front of the hall of jade ripples)

this group of special and quiet courtyard dwellings is the hall of jade ripples. the words “jade ripples” came from a verse “gentle ripples gushing out of jade spring”, which refers to the rippling water in the lake. it was first used by emperor qianlong to attend to state affairs. in the late qing dynasty, it was where emperor guangxu was put under house arrest.

this hall is a hallmark of the movement of 1898. emperor guangxu was emperor dowager cixi’s nephew. after emperor tongzhi died, emperor dowager cixi made her nephew, who was at that time four years old a successor in order to continue her hold on imperial power. she ‘handled state affairs behind the screen’. after emperor guangxu ‘managed state affairs personally’ at the age of 19, a political conflict occurred between the conservatives and the reformers. in 1898, the reform movement took place with the aim of sustaining the core principles of the qing dynasty while reforming outdated laws. the movement lasted for103 days until it was suppressed by empress dowager cixi. it was called the ‘hundred-day reform’. after the reform failed, emperor guangxu was put under house arrest here. for the strict control of him, empress dowager cixi ordered to build many brick walls in the front, back, and on the right and left of the hall of jade ripples. at that time the hall was entirely sealed up, just like a prison. today only the hidden walls in the east and west annex room still maintain its original appearance. it is open to visitors as the relic related to the 1898 reform movement.

(in front of the chamber of collecting books)

this is the chamber of collecting books. in chinese, it’s called “yi yun guang”. “yun” was a kind of fragrant weed. in ancient times, it was usually used as termite repellent in rooms where books were stored.in the emperor qianlong’s reign, the purpose of the hall was for collecting books. later it was converted into a residence. there used to be the residence of guangxu’s empress longyu, and his favorite concubine zhenfei.

(in the hall of happiness and longevity)

this group of courtyard is the hall of happiness and longevity. it was the major architectural structure in the living quarters and the residence of empress dowager cixi. the whole compound was basically made of wood, which is ideal for ventilation and lighting. with its quiet and tasteful layout, the hall of happiness and longevity made life very easy and convenient. in front of the hall of happiness and longevity there is a huge rock placed in the middle of this courtyard named “qing zhi xiu” and nicknamed as “family bankruptcy rock”. this huge rock was discovered in fangshan district by a ming official mi wanzhong. he wanted to transport it to his own garden “shaoyuan”. in the old days, transporting such rock was very difficult. after spending all his money to ship it, he still could not succeed in doing this. the big rock was then left on the roadside somewhere near liangxiang county, 30 kilometers southwest of beijing. hence it was nicknamed “family bancruptcy rock”. later emperor qianlong discovered it and transported to the garden of clear ripples and laid in front of the hall of happiness and longevity. the colorful glass chandeliers hanging inside the hall was introduced from germany in 1903. it is one of the earliest electric lights in china.

(in front of the gate of inviting the moon of the long corridor)

ladies and gentlemen, you may have visited some of the best museums in the world, such as the louvre in france and the museum of great britain. now i will show you a special gallery in the palace—the long corridor. in 1990, the long corridor was listed in the guinness book of world records as ‘the longest painted corridor’ in the world’. it would be a pity if we leave the summer palace without visiting the long corridor and the marble boat. now, here we go, the long corridor first!

(strolling along the long corridor)

the long corridor starts from the gate inviting the moon to the shizhang gate. it is 728 meters long and consists of 273 sections. the long corridor is one of the major structures of the summer palace. since the corridor was designed to follow the physical features of the southern slope of longevity hill, four multiple-eaved, octagonal pavilions ( retaining the goodness pavilion, living with the ripples pavilion, autumn water pavilion, clear and far pavilion) were placed at bends and undulation, they represent four seaons of a year. thus visitors will hardly notice the rise and fall of the terrain. as a major part of the architectural style of the summer palace, the long corridor serves as an ingenious connector between the lake and the hill. scattered buildings on the southern slope were linked to create a unified complex.

the long corridor is the longest covered veranda in any chinese garden. on the purlins and beams of the covered veranda, there are over 14,000 suzhou style paintings. among them, there are 546 color paintings relating to the scenes of west lake in hangzhou, zhejiang province. beside the colorful paintings of natural scenery, there are also scenes of flowers, birds, fish, insects, mythology and figures. the paintings of figures are mainly adapted from ancient chinese classical literature, such as ‘pilgrimage to the west’, ‘the romance of the three kingdoms’, ‘the western chamber’, “water margin’, and ‘the dream of the red mansion’.

(in front of the gate of dispelling clouds)

now we are approaching the central part of the structures on the lakeside slope, the tower of buddhist incense within the hall of dispelling clouds. the central axis line starts from the wharf next to the lake to the sea of wisdom on top of the hill. the main architectural structures here are the gate of dispelling clouds, hall of dispelling clouds, tower of buddhist incense and the sea of wisdom, which altogether form a splendid three-dimensional landscape. the layout of this group of architectures was based on scenes described in buddhist sutras. this group of structures are among the most magnificently constructed here in the summer palace. this is a good place to taking photos, we will stay here for about 15 minutes.

now we are walking continuely along the long corridor, the next scene we are going to visit is marble boat.

look over there! halfway up the slope there stands the hall of listening to orioles. it was the place for emperor and empress to enjoy opera and court music. it is said the singing of orioles is very pleasing. before the garden of virtuous harmony was built, empress dowager cixi enjoyed opera and music here. now the hall is one of the most famous restaurants in china, featuring imperial dishes and desserts.

this is the famous marble boat. a famous scientist of china’s eastern han dynasty once said, “water can float the boat, but it can also tip it over.” a prime minister of tang dynasty wei zheng once used these words to persuade li shimin, the emperor of the tang dynasty. he said people are water and the emperor is the boat. people can support a good emperor. however, they also can overthrow the dynasty. emperor qianlong built this huge boat in the garden in order to make the allusion concrete. on one hand, emperor qianlong encouraged himself to run the country well. on the other hand, he wanted to show that his rule of the qing dynasty was as firm as the marble boat and there was no fear of overturning the boat. the marble boat was the place for emperor qianlong to sample tea and enjoy the scenery of kunming lake. emperor qianlong once came here to engage in the freeing of captive animals. in the times of qianlong, the marble boat was a chinese styled stone boat with a chinese style wooden superstructure on the top of it. when it was rebuilt in the times of guangxu, a foreign and chinese elements mixed resulting in two wheels to be added to the boat, one on each side. the floor was paved with colored bricks. all of the windows were inlaid with multiple-colored glass. a big mirror was installed on the superstructure for viewing rain.

our tour is drawing to a close after we visited the marble boat. today we only visited the major scenic spots of the summer palace. i have left other spots of interest for your next visit. i will now show you out through the ruyi gate. our coach is waiting for us outside the gate. i do hope you enjoyed today’s tour. thank you.

黄石寨导游词

各位朋友：

大家好!

欢迎来到张家界，非常高兴能同大家一起游览张家界最大的凌空观景台——黄石寨。人们常说“不到黄石寨，枉来张家界”，可见黄石寨是整个张家界风景的精华。关于黄石寨的名称有两种说法：第一种说法是，汉留侯张良曾在此山居住，为纪念师傅黄石公，修庙祭祀，取名黄石寨;另一种说法是从远处眺望，此山像一头威猛的雄狮，所以又称“黄狮寨”。

黄石寨位于张家界国家森林公园的中部，海拔约1200米，寨顶面积达200多亩，是由无数悬崖峭壁共同托起的一块雄伟、奇特而又美丽的台地。从寨顶眺望四周，只见云漫万壑，千峰攒聚，绿树凌空，薄雾飘舞。黄石寨是张家界风景的精华，一位著名诗人这样评价黄石寨：“五步称奇，七步叫绝，十步之外，目瞪口呆。”

首先呈现在我们面前的是一排陡峭而又曲折的石级，隐隐约约躺在茂密宁静的杉林里，那就是“杉林幽径”。自古登黄石寨只有后山一条路，今天走的这条路，是十多年前人工开凿的。从杉林幽径上山，两边景点竞相耸立，让人目不暇接。

前面这个景点称做“罗汉迎宾”。请大家注意左上侧的石壁上，一个大肚罗汉正靠近一棵松树盘腿而坐，他头戴僧帽，歪嘴斜眼，满脸堆笑地凝望着山下。大家若仔细看就会发现他特别像民间传说中的“济公”和尚。

离开“罗汉迎宾”，请继续往上走。现在所在的地方是一座岩罩，它高约3米，长约20米，上面有一个2米多宽的岩石悬罩，它叫做“大岩屋”。这里既是游客们小憩的好地方，也是一处绝妙的观景台，往东可以看到花溪峪、种子园与锣鼓塔一大片风光，其间重峦叠嶂，万峰耸立，云雾缭绕，恍如仙境。大家有没有注意到大岩屋旁边的岩石“铁墩台”。它上大下小，四四方方，传说这是八洞神仙路过时从伞把上扔下的一块铅石，专供烧炭翁与老铁匠砍柴、打铁维持生计用的。

在大岩屋的上面，有一座突兀在山腰上的山峰，颜色金黄，在阳光下熠熠闪光，人们称它为“半壁江山”。从下面看，它犹如一扇巨大的手掌，五指伸开，而且手掌略收。它耸立在那里，正如同大斧劈开的半边山一样，真是鬼斧神工!难怪诗人都赞道：“正看成壁侧成掌，点化全在花和尚，借来开山斧一把，霹雳一声成四方。”

大家请注意听，前面传来了阵阵歌声。这是悦耳动听的土家山歌，前面便是土家姑娘的点歌台。看，一个个衣着秀丽的土家姑娘正在载歌载舞地欢迎着各位来宾，她们优美的歌声是否会唤起您对土家民风的无限向往呢?她们的热情好客、淳朴善良是否带给您一种从未有过的轻松和快乐?此时此刻，您是否感悟到张家界“山美、水美、人更美”的真谛呢?

大家现在已经到半山腰了，离“会当凌绝顶”的寨顶只差一半的路程了。大家请看，前面有一块巨石凌空突出，崖下一片杉林连绵起伏，绿涛汹涌，这个景点就是“点将台”。相传汉留侯张良当年为了寻找师傅的踪迹，来到此地隐居，却遭到大权在握、专横一世的吕后的猜忌。为了对付吕后的大军围攻，张良在此日夜操练人马，以防不测。据说，这里就是张良当年登台“点将”的地方。

过了“点将台”，大家往右边沿台阶向上走，上面是一处天然石壁拱成的凹型崖壁观景台，这便是“娱乐台”。这里可以近看“天书宝匣”，远观花溪峪，上眺千峰错列，下瞰林木苍翠。大家请看右边对面的山上，有一个约20米高的圆形石柱，兀自独立，顶端为一平台，上面有一块长约3米、宽l.5米的石匣，匣上有一个石盖，一半凌空，一半盖于匣上，周围环绕着五棵翠绿的松柏。传说张良曾将黄石公的三卷天书藏于匣内，后因战事平息，张良又取出天书放置在其他地方，但他却忘记合上抽盖，至今留下一只半掩半开的石匣。由于石匣内曾藏过天书，因而被人誉称为“天书宝匣”。

张良取出的天书后来放在什么地方呢?请大家回首眺望对面的山峰，峰顶平整的岩壁上，有自上而下均匀整齐的线条，上面还有许多笔画依稀、似是而非的斑斑点点，让人产生一种神秘莫测的感觉，相传这就是被张良重新放起来的“天书”，这个景点叫做“天书高挂”。据说，天下太平之后，张良就把天书高挂在这里，让天下所有能够看懂它的人来读它，您看懂了多少呢?如果仔细看，在“天书”的下面还有两只探头探脑的乌龟，似乎正驮着“天书”在艰难地攀登，好像不达天界誓不罢休，大家都叫它“双龟登天”或“金龟驮天书”。

看过天书之后，继续攀登。大家请看前方，两山相挤，中间仅有一通道，其形如门，大有“一夫当关，万夫莫开”的气势，这里就是“南天门”。大家请注意旁边的两座山峰，排列整齐，威武雄壮，酷似古代的武士，一左一右，长年守候在南天门旁边，人们称他们为“把门将军”。他们身穿铠甲，腰悬宝刀，背插羽箭，身材伟岸，形态逼真。据说这是把守黄石寨的山神。

不知大家注意到身边这一棵参天古木没有，其树龄在百岁以上，叫“青钱柳”，又叫“摇钱树”。它结籽成串，形状如钱，成熟时色呈金黄，中间有仁，周围还有花纹，同古代的铜钱一模一样。它的树根从底部分成大丫，夏季节，树冠就像是一把撑开的巨伞，枝繁叶茂，给我们一片清凉;秋冬时分，树叶泛黄，果实成熟，风一吹动，串串果实洒落在地上，就像是一串串金黄的铜钱，由此得名“摇钱树”。

大家请看这边，过了“摇钱树”不远，前面便是“定海神针”。它高大挺拔，巍然屹立，似乎在用强硬的身躯支撑着整座大山。“定海神针”与“金鞭岩”遥遥相对，形成了一幅十分壮观的“天然壮景”。那前面这座孤立的柱峰又是什么景点呢?它拔地而起，直插云霄，高达300余米，根部稳扎大地，真像一根擎天石柱!这就是张家界有名的“南天一柱”了，因为立在南天门下面而得名。它与“西天一柱”遥相呼应，传说二者是两只独脚猕猴所变，当年它们为救孙悟空，被二郎神点化，只得永远立在这里了。

“南天一柱”是整个“武陵源”风景的特写，它拔地而起，上大下小。在它身上有一种历经万年沧桑却仍然坚忍不拔的精神，是整个“武陵源”石英砂岩峰林地貌景观的缩影，也是“张家界国际森林保护节”的节徽和标志。 现在展现在大家面前的景点是“王光美诗刻”。1983年11月30日，前刘少奇同志的夫人王光美在湖南省人大副主任罗秋月等人陪同下，登上了张家界。想当年，这里还是一条人工刚刚挖出来的小毛石路，王光美被沿途风光所震撼，也不免勾起了许多往事。她先后游览了四处景点，吟出一首四言诗来：“奇峰异石，冠绝天下。苍松青杉，美不胜收。”有人说这是一首双关诗。一个“奇”字是对刘少奇同志的全部评价;一个“美”字，则暗示了她自己深隐在心底的不宜直言的另一层意思。

大家现在已顺利登上黄石寨了。前面这座上平下悬的圆形石峰就是“摘星台”。站在台上，使人油然产生“一览众山小”的感慨!这里可眺望“双门迎宾”、“天然壁画”、“玉瓶峰”、“兔儿望月”等主要景点。特别是到了晚上，有一种与星星近在咫尺的感觉，似乎一伸手，就能将天上的星星“摘下来”。说起摘星台，还是在建园初期，1983年11月8日清晨，天边上还残留着几颗星星，时任国务委员兼国家经委主任的张劲夫同志便迫不及待爬上这座石台，面对足下千百座石峰，随口吟诗道：“千峰竞秀，万木葱茏，琳琅满目，美不胜数。虽非天上，不似人间。借以喻此，不为过也。”这摘星台也就是他命名的。

前面这个人工景点就是“六奇阁”。“六奇”准确地说是指山奇、水奇、云奇、石奇、动物奇、植物奇。这是公园内惟一的人造景观，它采用大理石和钢筋混凝土等材料建成，高四层，攒尖飞顶，重檐突出，是一座集民俗、书法、自然景观于一体的特殊楼阁。站在三楼，可以尽情饱览张家界的壮丽风光。“江山留胜迹，我辈复登临”、“欲穷千里目，更上一层楼”。站在阁顶，可以看到袁家界、杨家界、天子山、朝天观、三姊妹峰……

接下来沿着长2200米的山顶环绕线游览五指峰、前花园、天桥遗墩等景点。这里的每一座岩峰都是一件古老的艺术品，每一座岩峰都隐藏着大自然的无穷奥秘。几年前，一位来自东北的女作家，就站在五指峰观景台感叹道：“看了张家界的风光，觉得真可以死了!”接下来她又说：“看了张家界的风光，觉得更有理由好好活了!”两句话看起来前后矛盾，其实不然：前一句是说能见到像张家界这样奇美的风光，此生足矣;后一句是说人生是如此美好，理应更加珍爱生命。面对鬼斧神工的前花园，诗人丁芒也发出了“人生不到张家界，百岁何能叫老翁”的感叹!

在大家的前方有一排六座高达200余米的山峰，就像桥塌后留下的桥墩，所以叫做“天桥遗墩”。再往左前方看，山峰下有个狭长形的石洞，叫飞云洞。1984年9月7日上午8点半，就在眼前这一片被石峰围出的空间，出现一个直径约200米的彩色光环，当时五位目击者狂呼雀跃的身影清晰地倒映在光环中心，连四周奇峰怪石也在光环中时隐时现。20多分钟后，光环渐渐消逝。这种气象奇观俗名叫“佛光”，1996年5月15日，天子山神堂湾也出现过佛光奇观。

现在来到后山门，它犹如一道石门，中间陡峭，两边狭窄，地势十分险要。过去这里是登黄石寨的惟一通道。1995年3月，就是从这里上下黄石寨的。上山途中，江在休息时，兴致勃勃地拉起二胡，为当地的土家族女歌手伴奏;登上寨顶后，又情不自禁地唱起京剧《智取威虎山》中的“打虎上山”唱段，与游客们同乐。

Andy scenic area located at the side of the east suburb of kunming mingfeng, 8 km away from downtown, built during Ming wanli, the Ming chongzhen decade (1637) bronze moved struck binchuan chicken foot mountain, the qing emperor kangxi 10 years (1671), the day the king wu sangui reconstruction of the existing building double-hipped roof mountain type zhenwu bronze, bronze weighing 250 tons, is Chinas largest copper architecture, it than the Summer Palace in Beijing mirage of the longevity hill intact; Than the wudang mountain in hubei large hall, is one of the largest pure copper temple, Chinas existing tongdian temple in the hot sun yi yi is unripe brightness, dazzling, so people called the mirage, is key protected cultural relics in China.

Andy has more than 380 years since ding building, the existing fengshan mirage, is Wu Sanjia rebuilt at the beginning of the qing dynasty. There were "on the beam, the qing emperor kangxi 10 years, were the big lv, ten door day, the day prince wu sangui worship", etc. Wu sangui after the peasant uprising, rate of division into ju kunming, reconstruction of mirage. Can be seen on the mirage girders now ", the qing emperor kangxi 10 years, were the major of ji lu month (October) 6, day prince wu sangui to build "the copper. The inside of the Buddha, signboards, beams, level, doors and Windows, panlong, decoration and so on are made of bronze. Andy, floor, the steps of the railings are unique marble build by laying bricks or stones. The whole house majestic, beautiful and easy.

Who lived in qing dynasty, taihe palace BingXian frequently met earthquake, but the award-winning repairs. Is one of the largest disaster in the cultural revolution. House collapse, statues destroyed, taihe palace, desolate and review. Until 1999, in order to meet the kunming world expo, has carried on the comprehensive renovation to taihe palace. Taihe palace, experienced the vicissitudes of life, really few emperor wudi hing scrap.

Andy tianmen

Started from the foothills to meet fairy bridge, a doors, two doors, three doors, to as high as 1000 meters above the platform, at present is a castle type buildings, towers, the crenel walls, a taihe palace in the city, embedded on the door of the gate "lingxingmeng" three gold, couplets on the door "on GuLongFei, unique unique brainpower-computer; east Lin Zhu dance, half green cloud".

Andy

The door that can see existing Andy - the largest pure copper temple in China. Its beams stone, rock ridge, treasure roof cornices, plaques couplets, sweets statues, bottle furnace ware, etc., all with bronze, weighing two hundred tons. Temple is 6.7 meters high, 6.2 meters wide and deep, the house body vertical cylindrical root, temple wall for 36 pieces of carve patterns or designs on woodwork lattice and fang Mosaic, casting is careful, the complex structure. House for gold statues statue, 5 for zhenwu sovereigns, lateral plastic serviceable, two will be lined with fire and water. Bronze sitting on high marble Dan pursuit, is enclosed by two layers of stone railings, glittering, like a golden treasure house. Under the temple steps two shi ting, left another one to 10 m high DiaoDou lever, seven stars black flag rising stem. Flag, flag, flag also use bronze. Copper flag for the triangle, fangs, flag around twenty BaSu, top with the sun; Six star flag in the big dipper, the entire copper flag are hollow out Mosaic; Highlighted carved with "all is well, the good crop weather, peaceful country and safe people" 12 copper character.

The clock tower

Andy scenic area topped with three layers of 36 wing Angle of 29 meters high tower, the third floor of the dome, hanging by the Ming yongle (1432) 21 years great 3-ton bell, bell, 3.5 meters high, caliber 6.7 meters circumference, 14 tonnes, to yunnans largest antique clock, the clock is original suspension in kunming city beautiful appearance of xuanhua upstairs, 1953 towers to the ancient building park, close to the "mirage" park again.

Botanical garden landscape

Andy has 500 acres of the clock tower botanical garden landscape, has been built tea garden, azalea garden, magnolia, rose garden, WenShi District ten park, introduction of more than 20xx kinds of garden plants. Andy area is a combination of humanities landscape, natural landscape features of tourist attractions. In behind the side, there are thick folded more than two strains of camellia one individual plant and crape myrtle, legend has it for the kind of the Ming dynasty, before and after the Spring Festival every year, thousands of camellia flowers in full bloom, bonus as fire.

Outside the temple built with walls, gates, battlements. The city on the floor.

Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to visit Langshan. From Guilin, Guangxi,through Quanzhou and resources, you can cross over the Yuechengling and enterXinning, Hunan. There is Langshan in Xinning County. "Lang" is seen in Cihai,saying: "Lang, a place name, is in Xinning County, Hunan Province." The beautyof Lang mountain can be seen from the good of Lang mountain. Langshan is not anindividual mountain, but a general name of the local landscape. Local myths andeven local chronicles say: it is said that when Emperor Shun visited Xinning, hesaw the beautiful landscape and blurted out, "the good mountain is Langshan,Langshan." Therefore, master Shun created the word "Lang". Good mountain isLang. It is said that the poet Ai Qing once taught in the local area. His famoussentence: "why do I always have tears in my eyes? Because I love this landdeeply", is here. Langshan has a unique natural landscape, with many strangestone peaks and deep caves. The Fuyi River (Fuyi River) in the upper reaches ofZijiang River winds through the north and south, with picturesque scenery. Ithas the beauty of Guilin, the quiet of Qingcheng Mountain and the majestic ofMount Tai. Langshan has a subtropical humid monsoon climate with four distinctseasons and pleasant climate, with an average annual temperature of 17 ℃. Fuyiwater flows continuously all the year round and is clear to the bottom. Thevegetation is luxuriant, and there are many rare and precious species, such as"plant Panda" Cathaya argyrophylla, Davidia involucrata, South China tiger,clouded leopard, golden pheasant, civet cat, giant salamander, etc. The forestcoverage rate is over 70%, and the ecological environment is very superior.Langshan is also rich in cultural landscape. There are unearthed macaque skullfossils of 100000 years ago, Neolithic cultural sites of 4500 years ago, ancientwar castles of peasant uprisings of past dynasties, ancestral halls and tombs ofimportant ministers in the late Qing Dynasty. Han, Yao, Miao and Zhuangnationalities live together, with colorful ethnic customs. Ancient and modernscholars have written many well-known poems here, and Ai Qing, a famous poet,has also chanted that "Guilins landscape is the best in the world, andLangshans landscape is the best in Guilin".

In October, __, in the World Heritage Centers evaluation report on ChinasDanxia, it was pointed out that "Lang mountain and Danxia Mountain demonstratethe typical characteristics of Chinas Danxia most clearly."

Langshan is a newly developed tourist attraction with a total area of 108square kilometers. It has jurisdiction over bajiaozhai, tianyixiang, chili peak,zixiadong and fuyijiang. Langshan has a unique geological structure withcomplete elements of mountain, water, forest and cave. It is a typical Danxiapeak forest landform, which is unique in domestic scenic spots. There arevarious types of Danxia Landforms in the scenic area, which are high, steep,deep, long and narrow. They are majestic, strange, dangerous, secluded andbeautiful. In particular, there are more than 10 scenic wonders such asyixiantian and Tianshengqiao, which are difficult to develop. According toexperts research, Langshan is a rare large area Danxia Landform Scenic Spot inChina and even in the world. It seems that it is not too much to call Langshan"the soul of Danxia in China". Among them, the famous landscape is "six wondersof Langshan", which can be called a world wonder.

There are many beautiful scenic spots here, and my explanation is overhere. Next, we will visit the six wonders of Langshan. I hope todays visit toLangshan will leave you unforgettable memories.

会仙阁一层供奉着九天玄女、麻姑、千里眼、顺风耳、温琼、马王爷、王灵官;二层供奉的是金、木、水、火、土五星，值年、值月、值日、值时神(四值功曹);三层供奉的是五斗星君;四层供奉的是四御：玉皇大帝、太皇大帝、天皇大帝、土皇地和三官：天官紫薇大帝(主赐福)、地官清虚大帝(主赦罪)、水官洞阴大帝(主解厄);五层供奉的是道教地位最高的神仙三清：玉清原始天尊(盘古)、太清道德天尊(太上老君)、上清灵宝天尊(太上道君)。

(道教的中心内涵：老子是道家思想的奠基人，他最早提出宇宙间的天地万物都来源于一个神秘玄妙的母体--道。所谓的道是具有自然无为、无形无名、既看不见又摸不着又不可言说的物性;它是开天辟地之前，宇宙浑沌混一的原始形态，又是超越一切有形事物的最高法则。大道无形无名却孕含着一切有形事物生成发展的玄机，老子说“道生一，一生二，二生三，三生万物，万物负阴而抱阳。”元气又分为阴阳二气，就是说：从空虚无形的道首先生出浑沌混一的元气，元气分为阴阳二气，阴阳二气交感冲和而化生和气，再由此派生出世界万物。天地万物皆为阴阳二气冲和而成，所以包含着阴阳两个方面，这便是道家关于宇宙生成演化的基本理论。

与道相对应的另一概念是“德”。德的意思是得道，即认识和体验道，按照道的自然法则修身治国。老子把道看作神秘世界的本源。他主张人们去直接体认隐藏在不断变化事物背后的道理和法则。体认的方法是闭目塞听、绝圣弃知、涤除玄览、致虚守静，使内心清静归于道的真理。(在老子思想中还包含着某些辩证法的因素。他看到美丑、善恶、祸福、有无、难易、高下等矛盾对立面互相依存的关系，并且认识到事物发展变化过程中物极必反，矛盾双方相互转化的道理，但是他又认为事物的变化运动循环往复最终仍然复归于静止不变。)