故宫导游词作文2个景点(合集20篇)

Dear friends, the wall we see now is the Wuyi jingshe site. Wuyi jingshewas an academy built by Zhu Xi in 1183. According to Dong Tiangongs records ofWuyi Mountains, Wuyi jingshe was a big building in Wuyi Mountain at that time,which was called "the Grand View of Wuyi". There are Renzhi hall, Yinqiu room,zhisuliao, shimenwu, guanshanzhai, Hanqi hall, wandui Pavilion and TiediPavilion. Those who come from all over the world sigh for their success. Zhu Xiwrote books in Wuyi jingshe, advocated Taoism and lecturing for ten years, andcultivated a large number of Neo Confucianism talents. Therefore, Wuyi jingshe,which he founded, was attached great importance to by feudal rulers and wasrepaired and expanded in all dynasties. At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty,the expanded Wuyi jingshe was renamed "Ziyang academy", which was allocated bythe government to Gongtian to support scholars. Then he set up the teaching postof "mountain head" to preside over the teaching affairs. In the early YuanDynasty, Shanchang was changed to "Professor". In 1365, Wuyi jingshe wasdestroyed by the war. In 1448, after Zhu Xun and Zhu Shu, the eighth grandsonsof Zhu Xi, invested in the reconstruction, they were also called "Zhu WengongTemple" to worship Zhu Xi. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the QingDynasty, the plaque of "XueDa Xingtian" was granted, which was rebuilt. In 1708,the governor of Fujian and Zhejiang often called on Luo manbao to donate hissalary and advocate the repair of jingshe, which has a history of more than 200years.

Hundreds of meters from Wuyi jingshe, there are more than 10 caves underthe xibiyan of jiezhufeng. In the morning and evening of winter and spring,light clouds often emerge from the cave and wander gently between the peaks androcks. Sometimes they gather together, sometimes they disperse, freely andunpredictable. Therefore, the name of the cave is "cloud nest". Cloud nest issurrounded by sound rock, Danlu rock, Xianji rock, Tianzhu peak, dressing table,shaibuyan, Tianyou peak, cangping peak, Jiezhu peak, etc. The stone gate you seein front of you is the site of Shugui jingshe. "Shugui jingshe" is clearlyvisible on the forehead. Shugui, surnamed Jiang Mingzhi, was born in theNorthern Song Dynasty. He was an official of Xiaolian. There used to be anexquisite ancient building built in the early Qing Dynasty to commemorate JiangZhi. Now this stone gate is the only one left. I pass the stone gate of Shuguishouse, but I feel suddenly enlightened. The pavilion on the left, which is onthe edge of Jiuqu River, is called Shimao Qinglian Pavilion. The peak on theright is Yinping peak, which is attached to Yinping peak. There are three markson the waist of the peak, as if it were broken and connected together. It iscalled jiezhufeng. The pavilion under Yinping peak is called Shuiyue Pavilion.It is said that the moon is bright and the stars are rare. When you enjoy themoon with wine in the pavilion at night, the wind can reach four moons. Pleaseguess which four moons are there? One in the sky, one in the water, one in thecup, and one in the heart. The dark rock in the middle of the cloud nest lookslike a reclining elephant, commonly known as iron elephant rock. There is acrack in the middle of the iron elephant rock. People walk through it, but theyfeel that the sky is like a line. In order to distinguish Xinan Lingyanyixiantian, it is called "xiaoyixiantian". Yunwo is bounded by tiexiangyan,which is divided into upper and lower yunwo. Yunwo boulder leaning, back rocknear the water, is located in Wuhan

Yishan essence zone is the first win area for Wuyi. It has always been aplace where ancient scholars and famous officials lived in seclusion. In 1583,Chen Sheng, the Minister of the Ministry of war, built "Youxi cottage" betweenthe upper and lower cloud nests. There were more than 10 pavilions, platforms,buildings and pavilions, including binyun hall, Qiyun Pavilion, ChaoyunPavilion, Shengyun terrace and chiyun Pavilion. Unfortunately, these buildingshave been abandoned for a long time. Some cliff inscriptions left on the cliffcan still vaguely remind people of the prosperity of the past. There is aninteresting story about Youxi thatched cottage and Wuyi jingshe. It is said thatwhen Chen built Youxi cottage in yunwo, Ziyang academy built by Zhu Xi was veryold. On the one hand is the elegant environment and exquisite architecture; onthe other hand is the academy which is in disrepair and about to collapse. Whena scholar saw this scene, he wrote a poem on the wall: "Ziyang academy againstQingbo, broken the wall and half a female bamboo shoot. I love the pavilion andpavilion next to each other, and the painting column and the Zhugong are thecloud nest. " When Chen saw the poem, he said with a smile: This is obviouslyexciting. Today, the Ziyang academy has been renovated by donating money andemploying workers.

The peak on the left side of tiexiangyan is the sun cloth we saw on thebamboo raft. Please pay attention to it. There are spots in the middle of thewall of the sun cloth rock, which looks like the palm of a man. There are dozensof lines more than ten feet long. It is said that this is left by an immortal,so the sun cloth rock is also called "Xianzhang peak". As a result of years ofwater erosion, shaibuyan is covered with hundreds of straight water tracks.Whenever the West slanting sun shines on the wall, it can be seen more clearly.Overlooking the stream, you can see that the shadow is at the bottom of thestream and rippling with the waves, just like countless flowing black and whitesnakes running straight down from the bottom of the stream. If it rains, therain will fall down from the top of the rock along the straight track, as if theSu Lian is in the air, and thousands of silver dragons are flying, which can becalled a wonder. There is a popular story about the origin of shaibuyan andxianzhangfeng: it is said that a long time ago, the weaver girl of Tiangongcarried brocade bags and sang songs to collect colorful brocade every day. Thesebrocade, together with strands of gold and silver thread, are woven into silksand satins for the queen mother. One morning, when the tiaotan Dajiao fairy, whowas in charge of the transportation, was walking on the cloud road throughyunwo, Wuyi Mountain, carrying a load of silk and brocade woven by the weavinggirl, he inadvertently looked down and was immediately fascinated by the wonderof "blue water and Danshan". He then put down the brocade to play. When he heardthe drum of the heavenly palace, he thought of the brocade. He saw that the silkhad been wet. He was afraid of the Queens reproach. So he shook away thebrocade and put it on the wall of the rock. But the brocade was too long, and italways fell to the edge of the Liuqu stream. He pulled and pulled until it wassmooth. After several times of hard work, the immortal Bigfoot was in a state ofdistress and found a yin

Cool place then snore big sleep. As soon as I wake up, the sun has gonewest. When he got up and looked at it, there was a golden glow in front of him.Originally, it was made of damask, shining in the sun, which made the blue waterand Danshan more beautiful. Big foot fairy touched with his hand, and the rockwall was hot. He was flustered and rushed to collect the cloth. However, theribbons and satins have been melted into the smooth stone wall, and even thepalm of dajiaoxians cloth has been embedded into the rock wall forever. "Nowthere are fairy palms on the stone, green moss on the green fingers." This isthe view of Xianzhang peak.

Please note that the word "Fu Hu" is engraved on the front wall. The authorof the inscription is Chen Sheng, the owner of Youxi cottage. In the 11th yearof Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1583), Chen province was excluded because of hisdisagreement with the prime minister Zhang Juzheng. Although the Emperor gaveseveral gifts, he still resigned and returned to Fujian. Its only with deepfeelings that we dont meet. Its built in Wuyi Mountain. There is a rock inshiyunwo that looks like a crouching tiger. The word "Crouching Tiger" is usedto describe him as a crouching tiger in Wuyi Mountain, hoping to make a comebackone day. The bamboo cluster on the right of fuhuyan is the square bamboomentioned by Mr. Guo Moruo in his poems about Wuyi. This kind of bamboo looksround, but it is very strange to touch. If you dont believe it, you can feelit. From the stone path in front of Fuhu rock, you can see a stone gate with theword "towering deep lock" engraved on its forehead. When you enter the stonegate, you suddenly see a bright future. This is known as tea production "a Wuyi"said the tea hole. Looking from the cave, you can see jiesun peak, Yinping peak,Qingyin rock, Tianyou peak, Xianzhang peak, and Xianyou rock far away in Sanqu.The cliffs are like tall walls. The only way to surround them is a rock in theWest. People in the cave, which covers an area of 67 mu, look up and see onlythe blue sky. Just as Xu Xiake wrote in his travels to Wuyi Mountain: "all thepeaks are steep on the top, but the bottom is complex. There is no Dengdaooutside, and only the West leads to a ridge, which is more correct than theMingyan of Tiantai." Therefore, there are scholars in the past dynasties whobuilt a seclusion in the cave, such as Liu Hengs small seclusion in the SongDynasty, Li Zhongdings Zhuxia residence in the Ming Dynasty, and Dong maoxunsLiuYun Library in the Qing Dynasty. Now these ancient buildings

Most of them are missing, except the former site of Dong maoxuns Liuyunbookstore. This pool in the north of Chadong is called "Xianyu pool", where thesnowflake spring falling from Tianyou peak and Qifeng is gathered. It is saidthat there was a fairy bathing in this pool, so it is named. Look at the stonepath leading to Yinping peak in the south. More than ten meters away from ourlocation, there is a stone gate with the word "Liuyun bookstore" engraved on theforehead. This is the former site of LiuYun Bookstore built by Dong maoxun. Morethan 200 years ago, the author of Wuyi Mountain records, Gong Tiangong,completed the compilation of 24 volumes of Wuyi Mountain records in his fatherDong maoxuns Liuyun library, leaving a valuable cultural heritage for Wuyipeople. Through the stone gate, through the "chicken breast" and "Dragon Ridge",we can see the inscription "immortal world" on the cliff, which means that thereis the dividing line between the human world and the fairyland. Only those whohave the courage and knowledge to cross the dangerous path of Wuyi Mountain -"chicken breast" and "Dragon Ridge" can enter the peak fairyland. Standing atthe top of the peak, this pavilion is called "Xianyi Pavilion". Climb a few moremeters to the top of Yinping peak. The original Mosque at the peak was built inthe third year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1577) and is now abandoned. Fromthe top to the south, there is a hole in the half wall, which is called"nanmingjing". Liu Duanyang, a Taoist of Ming Dynasty, was born here, and thereare still stone tombs and mirages. Dear friends, please get ready for climbing.Now we begin to climb Tianyou peak. From Chadong to Tianyou peak, there are morethan 800 stone steps. If you are interested, you may as well count them whileclimbing to see who has the most accurate number.

At this moment, we finally boarded the Tianyou peak viewing platform. Wehave worked hard all the way. According to the figures just reported by you, Mr.Zhang and Mr. Li are the most accurate. There are 826 stone steps. Thank you foryour cooperation. Tian swimming pool peak is connected with Xianyou rock in theEast and Xianzhang peak in the West. It is surrounded by thousands of highpeaks. When its sunny after the rain and the first morning dew, the vast whiteclouds cover the mountains and valleys; the wind blows the clouds, ups anddowns, just like the waves of the sea, surging and surging. Standing on theviewing platform and looking at the sea of clouds, its like being in afairyland of Penglai. You are invited to visit qiongge in Tiangong, so itscalled "Tianyou". Located in the center of the scenic spot, it is an excellentWuyi landscape viewing platform. With the circulation of time sequence, you canenjoy the sunrise, clouds, Buddha light, sunset, bright moon, etc. from theviewing platform, you can rent a column to look far away, but you can see a fewpeaks. The peak in the west is Baqus Sanjiao peak, and the peak in the East isYiqus Dawang peak. Overlooking the nine winding, bamboo rafts gently swing,Wuyi landscape panoramic view, it is open-minded, forget home. Xu Xiakecommented: "it is not near the river, but can make the best of Jiuxi, and canmake the best of Jiuxi. This peak should be the first."

From the viewing platform, there is a palace like building in front of you,which is Tianyou temple. On the wonderful stage after watching, you can see thatthe tree with the brand of ancient and famous trees is the rare red bean tree.Whenever the mature season, mountain breeze, pods have been scattered on theground, rolling out of the red beans, crystal clear, bright and lovely.

Wang Wei, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote: "red beans are born in thesouth. How many branches will spring bring? I hope you can pick more. This isthe most Acacia. " I hope you can find a few more grains under the tree and takethem home to become the perfect memorial of Wuyishan. The stream beside the redbean tree is called Hu Ma stream. On the stone wall beside the stream, there aremore than one cliff stone of past dynasties. Among them, the largest "firstmountain" is inscribed by Xu Qingchao, general of dongwuxian, Renchen, Daoguang.It means that Tianyou peak is "the first resort of Wuyi", so it should be called"the first mountain". It is also explained that Wuyi Mountain is a famous Taoistmountain, which ranks the 16th among the 36 caves. The founder of Taoism isLaozi, who is the first in the world. Therefore, the famous mountain he occupiedshould be the "first mountain" in the world. After enjoying the cliff stonecarvings and climbing the rugged hill, the memorial archway in front is thememorial archway of Zhongzheng park. The original memorial archway was engravedwith the word "Zhongzheng Park", which was knocked out during the culturalrevolution. Now the relevant departments are in charge of restoring thislandscape.

Dear friends, this is the end of Tianyou peak tour. Please have a rest.Next stop is Taoyuan cave.

大家知道吗?黄山有四绝：奇峰、怪石、云海和温泉，今天我就带大家领略一下它的风姿吧!现在我们在黄山下，告诉大家，黄山有四绝，其中的一绝是怪石它以其取胜，以多著称。被命名的怪石有120多处，其形态可谓千奇百怪，令人叫绝。黄山是云雾之多，一会儿大家登到高处时，就能看到这壮丽景观。

它以峰为体，以云为衣，其壮观的“云海”以美、胜、奇、幻享誉古今，一年四季皆可观、由以冬季最佳。依云海分布方位，全山有东海、南海、西海、北海和天海;而登莲花峰、天都峰、光明顶则可尽收请海于眼底，领略“海到尽头天是岸，山登绝顶我为峰”之境地。

说起黄山“四绝”排在第一位的还是奇松。黄山奇松在什么地方呢?首先奇在它无比顽强的生命力，你见了不能不称奇。游客们，再向大家介绍温泉.其实黄山温泉不止一处。在黄山北坡叠嶂峰下，还有一个温泉叫松谷庵。它与山南宾馆温泉水平距离7.5公里不过应为它地处偏僻，目前还未卡发利用。

各位朋友，今天的游览到此结束，欢迎你们有空常来玩。

大家好!我是你们的导游，我姓×，请大家叫我×××，“一溪贯群山，清浅萦九曲。一溪边到岩岫，倒影浸寒绿。”今天我要带大家参加拥有“奇秀甲东南”美名的武夷山风景名胜区。

九曲溪

我们第一个到达的景点就是充满诗情画意的九曲溪。首先我要简单的介绍九曲溪的概况：世间中山水幽奇以武夷山为第一，武夷之魂在九曲溪。这条发源于武夷山脉主峰--黄岗山西南麓的溪流，澄沏清莹，经星村镇由西向东穿过武夷山景区，盈盈一水，折为九曲，因此得名。九曲溪面积为8.5平方公里，全长约9.5公里。山挟水转，水绕山行，每一曲都有不同景致的山水画意。

大家可以乘坐竹筏顺着九曲溪蜿蜒而下，那碧清的溪水会让您把所有的烦恼都抛到九霄云外。两岸奇峰峭拔、怪石嶙峋，会使您衍生种种遐想。

我简要介绍一下乘坐竹筏的一些注意事项：

一、按六个人乘坐一张竹筏，大家自由结合;

二、上竹筏请不要争先献词后，注意横踩二根毛竹。以免滑落水中;

三、竹筏行进中，要听从筏工指挥，请不要随意从坐椅上站立照相，更不要在竹筏上随意走动。

各位朋友，竹筏驶上浅滩，右边这座山峰名仙岩，请大家注意看，岩上这一块巨石像不像一把芭蕉扇。紧邻仙岩的这三座山峰，中间像不像个球，两边山峰犹如两头雄狮，俗称“双狮戏球”。溪右边这块岩石嘴尖腿细，背上布满藤萝、花丛、俗称“孔雀开屏石”。

大家请看，前面右边这二座山峰，一座是丹炉岩，一座是仙迹岩。前者因颇像传说中的太上老君的炼丹炉而得名;后者山岩上有两个圆石窝，相传是武夷仙人跪拜皇太姥留下的膝窝，故又名“仙膝岩”。溪边的这两个岩洞，一个叫米仓，一个叫盐仓。再往前走，扑入眼帘的这座山峰是天柱峰，俗称“酒坛峰”。

一线天

我们第二个到达的景点就是人间奇景“一线天”。它是武夷山最奇的岩洞，左边这个是灵岩洞，中间这个是风洞，右边这个是伏羲洞。一线天是一座山中间裂开的一条缝，就像利斧劈开一样，相去不满一尺，长约100多米，从中漏进天光一线。这就是令人叹为“鬼斧神工之奇”的一线天。一线天长约100米，宽不足90厘米，一线天最窄的地方只有50厘米，一些身材较胖的游客要多家小心，以免卡住。

现在请随我从伏羲洞探身进入岩洞内，可见一线天光宛若跨空碧虹。一线天内很潮湿，有的地方还有水，请游客们小心不要滑倒!请大家抬头看，不时可以看见蝙蝠从头顶掠过，随时可能被落下的蝙蝠粪便打中。游客们一般戏称被沾上蝙蝠粪便的人很有“蝠粪(福分)”，称他/她们为有福(蝠)之人。

天心景区

各位朋友，我们到了第三个景点——天心景区。现在我们看到的这条小溪叫“章堂涧”。章堂涧是武夷山景区北部最长的一长山涧，长约7.5公里。请大家顺我手指的方向看，在雄峙如城的丹霞嶂半壁有几个互相毗连的岩洞，洞中有几幢小木楼就崖构架，或藏于洞内，或濒临崖畔，上下悬梯，左右环栏。

不知大家有没有发现一个问题，明明是建天悬崖峭壁间的县楼，为什么又叫天车架呢?这是因为当时施工为节省时间，所用的施工材料都是从岩底直接吊上去的，

大家看到没有，县架在洞外的那几根杉木，便是当时安装天车——一种起重机械的架子。因而当地人称这一景为“天车架”。 继续前行，过慧苑寺前石桥，左折入流香涧。流香涧原名倒水坑，位于天心岩北麓。说来十分奇怪，武夷山风景区的的所有溪泉涧水，均是自西向东，奔向峡口，汇入崇阳溪。唯独这条山涧，自三仰峰北谷发源后，流抛势趋向西北，倒流回山，故名。

一路走去，淙淙的流水与飞花相随不舍，一缕缕淡淡的幽香，时时扑鼻而来。明朝诗人徐熥游历此地，不忍离去，遂将涧改名为“流香涧”。涧中有一巷谷，两旁危岩矗立，水流其间，仅容一人往来。夏日处身其间，凉爽无比，因此名为清凉峡。

出清凉峡一远，便可看到一座黑乎乎的山峰顶上，耸立着一块向前倾斜的巨石，就像一农夫斜戴着一顶斗笠。相传这块巨石是从远方飞来，故名飞来峰。绕过飞来峰，大家看到这座昂然直上，拔地擎天的山峰叫“玉柱峰”。

从玉柱峰前行至九龙窠。九龙窠是一个幽奇深邃的峡谷，九认嶙峋的山峰，犹如九条腾空而起的游龙。从九龙窠前行里许，大家等到看的这座山岩叫天心岩。

岩下这座寺庙就是武夷山现存的最大寺院——永乐禅寺。重建后永乐禅寺，南北长170米，东西宽150米，占地面积约26000平方米。永乐禅寺鼎盛于清朝之际，有僧徒百余人。改革开放以来，尤其是进入九十年代后，有关部门以已决定修复永乐禅寺。目前大雄宝殿修建工程正在进行，并在通往禅寺的山径旁，依崖新凿了一座弥勒佛岩雕，高19米，宽13米，佛像岩后的巨形“佛”字，是清康熙皇帝的亲笔字，字高11米，宽9米，计99平方米，取“九九吉利”之意。

切切注意眼睛是不是疲劳了，休息一下，下一站水帘洞。

水帘洞

各位朋友，现在我们看到的这个洞，就是水帘洞。位于丹霞嶂东面的水帘洞，原名唐曜洞天。因此瑞泉岩峰巅有两道飞泉奔泻而下，随风飘洒，犹如灿烂的水帘，故后人便改称为水帘洞。该洞是武夷山景区内最大的洞穴，高宽各一百多米。洞顶斜覆而出，宛如一道飞檐，遮住了半边天。洞门前终年流淌的两面三刀股清泉，从一百多米高的岩顶飞泻而下，微风过处，水珠摇曳分合。随风飘洒，仿佛天女散花，又如悬挂的两幅珠帘。水帘洞内，轩爽敞亮，可容数百人。沿崖这数栋茶室，为原奉祀宋体朝大儒刘子恽、朱熹、刘珙的三贤祠和奉祀孔子、老子、释迦牟尼的三教堂的遗址。水帘泻入池中，不断溅起水花，随即又晃漾出涟漪，煞是好看，犹一条龙在戏水。

请各位看好啦，现在进入我们游览的第五个景区——武夷宫。现在我们所看到的这个建筑物就是武夷宫。武夷宫又名会仙观、冲佑观、万年宫，是万代帝王祭祀武夷君的地方，也是宋代全国六大名观胜地之一，是武夷山最古老的一座宫殿，迄今已有一千多年的历史。

年代悠久的武夷宫，虽历代都曾加以修葺，但经不住数次火焚和兵 ，后仅遗留下几间空房和断垣残壁。80年代末，在有关部门的支持下，武夷宫主殿已重新修复。修复后的武夷宫，现已辟为朱熹纪念馆。馆内主要展出朱熹及闽学著名人物蔡元定、游九言、刘仑、黄干、真德秀等生平事迹。大门匾额上“朱熹纪念馆”这五个醒目大字，是原全国人大副委员长方毅同志视察武夷山进留下的墨宝。庭院中的这两棵桂树，相传是朱熹亲手所植，已有八九百年的岁龄。

时间真是如流星般转眼即逝啊!我们的武夷山之旅就快结束了!武夷山的美景真的有很多，比如天游峰啊，龙川大峡谷啊，“洞天绝境”的桃源洞啊，赏心悦目的好汉坡等等。但愿这人间仙境——美不胜收的武夷山，它的绚丽胜景能给您留下美好的印象，同时也谢谢大家一直对我工作的支持!跟大家一起游玩武夷山真是一件乐事，再次说声谢谢!

各位朋友，在繁华的沈阳古城中心，有一座巍峨庄严的清代宫殿建筑群。那里就是我们这天的目的地――沈阳故宫。

依建筑时光和布局，沈阳故宫的建筑可分为三部分，它们分别是东路、中路、西路。这天，我们就按这个顺序。首先参观东路建筑。

沈阳故宫以其独特的建筑艺术和特殊的历史而闻名中外，在这片绚丽多彩，雄伟多姿的建筑群中，最古老，最具特色的就是我们面前的大政殿。

大政殿草创于1620_年，是处理国家政务和举行庆典活动的主要场所之一。大政殿为八角重檐攒尖式建筑，外形近似满族早期在山林中狩猎时所搭的帐篷。在大政殿的房脊上，还饰有八个蒙古力士，牵引着八条铁链，象征着“八方归一”。正门前的大柱上，盘旋着两条翘首扬爪的金龙，是受汉族敬天畏龙思想的影响，以龙代表天子的至尊无上。大政殿建筑特点的多样性，体现了多民族文化的融合。金龙盘柱，尽显中原之风;八位力士又流露了浓郁的蒙古色彩;而亭帐式的风貌，则是满族古老文化的延续。

作为最早使用和最为重要的宫殿之一。许多重大历史事件都以大政殿为舞台上演。1643年，六岁的顺治皇帝在大政殿继承帝位，并于次年在此颁布了出兵令，命摄政王多尔哀兵入山海关直捣中原，最终完成了满清一代的一统大业。

文山西华公园(又名三元洞)，位于云南省文山县城开化镇西面3公里的西华山上。据说，这一游览胜地，是清朝同治初年由一姓潘的和尚发起，由许多能工巧匠自动参加开辟的。到了光绪年间，又开始建造亭台楼阁，以后经过多次加工，增设了石级、凉亭，添置了奇花异树，称为“三元洞”，这是象征科举时代的“连中三元”。三元洞地势十分险要，气势磅礴，景色秀丽，洞内宽敞，空气自然流通，洞外亭台楼阁，层层叠起，雕梁画栋，五光十色，多姿多彩。于洞口凭栏远眺，遥见山川平畴，盘河如带，可以把群山环抱的文山坝子及坝子上的田园、村落尽收眼底。洞周围树林茂密，气候清凉，是避暑和游览的胜地。

三元洞从1981年起，重新修建，并新开辟场地104亩，建成西华公园。园内石阶上迎面就是石雕的九条蛟龙，五彩斑斓。相传古时候有18条恶龙，在这一带兴风作浪，伤害人民，住在西华山上的壮族青年阿侬，不顾生命危险，跳入盘龙江中与蛟龙搏斗，在诸神的帮助下，终于制伏了蛟龙，使18条龙分居于盘龙江的两岸，而且要口吐清泉造福人间，两岸各形成9个龙潭，流出清泉灌溉着良田。在右岸的9条蛟龙，为了显示自己改恶从善，造福人间的本领，纷纷汇集到西华山来。九龙汇是人们怀念阿侬和诸神的功劳，用优美的线条雕刻艺术，形象的再现了这一神话传说。

整个西华公园，一眼望去，那层层刀削斧凿的危崖巨石，气势雄伟，悬崖绝壁之上，点缀着16处亭台楼阁，大部分建筑在300米高的绝壁上，即惊险雄奇，又富有层次。

锦绣谷春夏看花和云，秋冬观石和树。锦绣谷中奇花繁多，四季不断。山谷中最富传奇色彩的花，首推"瑞香花"。明代药物学家李时珍的《本草纲目》中有记载，瑞香产于庐山，原名"睡香"。相传古代有一僧人昼寝岩下，梦中但闻异香酷烈，觉而寻之，故名。后人惊奇，认为是瑞祥之兆，改名"瑞香"。锦绣谷中花的分布数量最多的花是"云锦杜鹃"。"云绣杜鹃"是石楠科常灌木，花呈淡红色，桃红色等。春暖花开时，花红巧舞，灿烂若锦，取宋代诗人黄庭坚的诗句"锦上添花"之意，亦称"云锦花"。在《庐山志植物目》，正式称之为"云锦杜鹃"。天上有竹林，地上有少林。地上的少林寺，我们可以见到。可天上的竹林寺，有谁见过?真是有心难见竹林寺，无意常遇仙客来。相传竹林寺就隐藏在这山谷之中，每当风云变幻的时候，还能闻听到从竹林寺中传出的钟鼓之声，也有机会看见云端的影子。据说明代开国皇帝朱元璋大战陈友谅和身患疾病时都会得到庐山竹林寺的神仙和尚周巅仙的帮助，多次化险为夷。为感谢救命恩人，朱元璋得天下后，派人到庐山来寻找竹林寺，可每次来人除了找到这崖壁上高高刻着的"竹林寺"三个大字外，。别无所获，为此，后人就把"竹林寺"称为"天上的寺院"。

葛洲坝水电枢纽全长2561米，高70米。巨坝共用混凝土1000万立方米，各类金属6.5万吨。如长虹卧波，横断长江。主要由大江电站、二江电站、1号船闸、2号船闸、3号船闸、泄洪闸、冲沙闸等组成。两座电站共装有21台水轮发电机组，其中：大江电站装机14台、单机容量12.5万千瓦，二江电站装机7台(17万千瓦2台、12.5万千瓦5台)，总装机容量271.5万千瓦，每年可发电157亿千瓦时。

电能用分别用500千伏和200千伏外输。二江泄洪闸是葛洲坝工程的主要泄洪排沙建筑物，共有27孔，最大泄洪量83900立方米/秒，采用开敞式平底闸，闸室净宽12米，高24米，设上、下两扇闸门，尺寸均为12×12米，上扇为平板门，下扇为弧形门，闸下消能防冲设一级平底消力池，长18米。大江冲沙闸为开敞式平底闸，共9孔，每孔净宽12米，采用弧形钢闸门，尺寸为12x19.5米，最大排泄量20_0立方米/秒。三江冲沙闸共有6孔采用弧形钢闸门，最大泄量10500立方米/秒。如果您是汛期到此，那么您将观赏到：泄洪闸前，洪波涌起，惊涛拍岸。巨大的水头冲天面起，溅起的水沫形成漫天水雾，即使您立于百米之外，也会感到水气拂面，沾衣欲湿;如遇朗朗睛天，水雾反射的阳光，在泄洪闸前形成一道彩虹，直插江中，极为壮观。三座船闸中，大江1号船闸和三江2号船闸为中国和亚洲之最。船闸各长280米、高34米，闸室的两端有2扇闸门，下闸门两扇人字型闸高34米，宽9.7米，重600吨，号称“天下第一门”。

逆水而上的船到达船闸时上闸门关闭着，下闸门开启着，上下游水位落差20米，船驶入闸室内，下闸门关闭，设在闸室底部的输水阀打开，水进入闸室，约15分钟后，闸室里的水与上游水位相平时，上闸门打开，船只驶出船闸。下水船过闸的情况下好相反。每次船只通过葛洲坝大约需要45分钟。

华清池是位于唐华清宫遗址之上的一座皇家宫苑，西距西安30公里,南依骊山，北面渭水。因其亘古稳固的温泉资源、唐明皇与杨贵妃的恋爱故事、西安事务产生地以及丰盛的人文汗青资源而成为中国闻名的文化旅游景区，世界重点文物掩护单元,国度首批AAAAA级旅游树模景区。

华清池融人文汗青和天然景观于一体，周、秦、汉、隋、唐等历代帝王在此建筑离宫别苑。景区仿唐构筑大气恢宏，园林风物独具匠心。首要有唐华清宫御汤遗址博物馆、西安事务旧址、九龙湖与芙蓉湖风光区、唐梨园遗址博物馆，有飞霜殿、昭阳殿、永生殿、环园和禹王殿等符号性构筑群，有体验皇家温泉的以澜汤殿、御汤苑、星辰苑、尚食苑、长汤苑、少阳苑、香凝阁和御膳阁为主的华清御汤(佳构)旅馆。____年4月推出的大型实景汗青舞剧《长恨歌》，成为中国旅游文化创意财富的乐陋习范。____年5月推出的多媒体影像剧《玄境永生殿》，成为传统博物馆数字化改革的新模式。

连年来，华清池以“打造中国唐宫廷文化旅游符号性景区”为成长愿景，起劲实验唐华清宫文化旅游开拓计谋，凭证汗青文化、御汤文化、宫苑文化、梨园文化、宗教文化等五大文化元素筹划建树唐华清宫文化旅游大景区。

Dear tourists

Hello and welcome to the great wall of Tangshan. Im your guide.

The Great Wall winds 220 kilometers in Tangshan, with 29 famous passes.With its ups and downs and Pentium, it has gathered the essence of Ming theGreat Wall. Along the Great Wall, the folk customs are ancient and simple, andthere are many anecdotes and legends, which are the best tourism products ofTangshan.

Jiufengshan Great Wall in Zunhua, Panjiakou underwater Great Wall inQianxi, marble Great Wall in Qianan, qingshanguan, xifengkou, lengkouguan,prison building, seventy-two voucher building, shuimen, brick kiln of greatwall, horse breeding circle and so on are all the unique features of the GreatWall, which have produced more and more influence at home and abroad in recentyears. The Great Wall on Jiufeng Mountain is less than one foot high and lessthan three feet wide, because the officials who built the great wall are greedyfor silver and cut corners. It is a typical "tofu dregs Great Wall".

Qingshanguan city is one Zhang and four feet high, and sixteen Zhang andnine feet high on Saturday. It was built in the Wanli period of Ming Dynasty.From a distance, it looks exquisite and antique. 72 coupons building is made upof 72 arches, which are very beautiful; the water gate is made of green bricks,which is still intact after hundreds of years of wind, rain and mountaintorrents. Zuosan kiln, known as the Great Wall kiln, is located in dalingzhai,Qianxi. It was discovered in 1985 and got its name because of the inscription"zuosan" on the bricks. In 1993, seven ancient Great Wall brick kilns wereexcavated, which is a complete brick material base along the Great Wall, andsolved the mystery of the origin of the great wall bricks. Qianan marble GreatWall is about 1.5 kilometers long, 10 meters high and 5 meters wide. The base ofthe city and the enemy tower are mostly made of marble, which is very rare inthe Great Wall.

Xifengkou, known as songtingguan in ancient times, is a famous ancientbattlefield in history. When the 29th Route Army resisted the Japanese invasionin China, the Dagao March was a household name, adding infinite charm toXifengkou Great Wall. Along the Great Wall, there are also a series of scenicspots, such as the headquarters of Ji Town, where Qi Jiguang, a national hero,led military affairs and defended the border for 16 years, the originator of theearths rocks identified by UNESCO, the granulite ancient rock of TAIPINGZHAI3.67 billion years ago, and the Paleolithic site of Zhaocun village inQianan.

Well, tourists, Tangshan ancient Great Wall is here for you. Thank you foryour support!

我国景点英文版导游词

下面几篇范文是我国的景点英文版导游词，感兴趣的不妨看看怎么写吧，欢迎阅读借鉴，希望你们喜欢。

北京故宫博物院英文导游词

hello, everyone,

we are now going to pay a visit to a place of special interest. this scenic spot is located at the center of beijing and is characterized by thousands of palatial architectures and purple walls as well as yellow glazed tile roofs- it is simply a sea of palaces. this is the world – famous wonder – the palace museum.

the palace museum has served as the royal residence during the ming and qing dynasties. it was here that a total of 24 monarchs ascended the throne and wielded power for some 500 years. the palace museum, as the most beautiful spot of interest throughout beijing, is unique for its location: to the northwest is beihai(north sea) park, famous for its white pagoda and rippling lake; to the west is the zhongnahai (central and south sea); to the east lies the the wangfujing shopping street; and to the north id jinshan park. standing in the wanchun (everlasting spring) pavilion at the top of jingshan(charcoal hill) park, you overlook the skyline of the palace museum. at the southern end of the palace is tian` anmen (gate of heavenly peace) and the famous square named after it . this is the symbol of the people` s republic of china.

a world-famous historical site, the palace museum is on the world heritage list of unesco and is an embodiment of oriental civilization.

the palace museum is rectangular in shape, 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meters wide from east to west, covering a space of 720,000 square meters of which 150,000 is building area . it has 9000-strong rooms in it . according to legend there are 9999.5 room-units in all .the whole compound is enclosed by a 10-meter-hign wall and is accessed through four entrances, namely, the meridian gate in the south ,the gate of military prowess in the north, donghua(eastern flowery ) gate in the north, donghua ( eastern flowery) gate in the east and xihua(western flowery ) gate in the west. on each corner there is a turret consisted of 9 roof beams, 18 pillars and 72 ridge . encircling the compound there is a 3,800-meter-long and 52 meter-wide moat, making the palace museum a self-defensive city-within-a city.

the palace museum was made a center of rule during the ming dynasty by zhun di, the fourth son of the founding emperor zhuyuanzhang. the whole complex straddles on an 8-kilometers-long central axis that stretches from yongding (forever stable) gate in the south to gulou (drum tower) in the north. prominence was given to the royal power by putting the “three main front halls” and “three back halls ”on the axis while arrange other subsidiary structure around them .the construction of the palace museum involved manpower and resources across china. for example, the bricks laid in the halls ,known as “gold brick, ” underwent complex, two –dozen processes. as the final touch ,the fired bricks were dipped in chinese wood oil. involving complicated processes and high cost, these brick are called “golden bricks.” the palace museum serves as a living embodiment of good tradition and styles unique to china` s ancient architecture. it reflects to the full the ingenuity and creativity of the chinese working people. a carefully preserved and complete group of royal residences, the palace museum is a prominent historical and tourist site.

what we are now approaching is the main entrance to the palace museum-the meridian gate, which is characterized by red walls, yellow glazed –tile roofs and upturned eaves. on top of this walls, yellow glazed-tile roofs and upturned eaves. on top of this magnificent building ,there stand five lofty halls with a main hall in the center. the main hall is roofed by multiple eaves and covers a space of 9 room-units. it is flanked by two wings on each side .the wings are square in shape ,complete with multiple and four edged eaves and pinnacles. all of these structures are connected by a colonnade. because these halls resemble a soaring bird, it was also know as wufenglou (five-phoenix tower) . inside the main hall there is a throne. drums and bells were stored in the wings. whenever the emperor presided over grand ceremonies or observed rites in the hall of upreme harmony, drums, bells and gongs would be struck to mark the occasion.

as the legend goes, the meridian gate used to be a place where condemned ranking officials would be executed. this not true. however, flogging was carried out here by the ming emperors ,if a courtier falls afoul of the emperor, he would be stripped of his court dress and flogging with a stick .at one point the punishment became so harsh that a total of 11 people died from fatal wound on a single occasion .on the other hand, this building was also used to observe important occasions like the traditional chinese lantern festival (15th day of the first lunar month). on these occasions, chinese lanterns would be hanged and sumptuous banquets would be given in honour of the whole court of ministers and other ranking officials.

upon entering the meridian gate we began our tour of the palace museum. the river foowing in front of us is known as jin shui he (golden water river) and the five marbles bridges spanning it are known as the inner golden water bridges. the on in the middle was used exclusive by the emperor and its banisters were carved with dragon and phoenix designs. the bridges flanking the imperial one were reserved for princes and other royal members. the rest were used by palatines. aside from decoration, the golden water river was also dug as precaution against fire. most of the structures within the palace museum are made of wood. what is more ,according to ancient chinese cosmology, the south is the abode of fire, so this brook was dug on the southern tip of the palace. in this way, the palace museum reflects traditional chinese culture.

this building is called the gate of supreme harmony .in the foreground stand two bronze lions. can anybody tell which is male and which is female? the one on the east playing with a ball is male, symbolizing power and universal unity. the other on the west with a cub cuddling underneath its claw is female? the one on the east playing with a ball is male, symbolizing power and universal unity. the other on the west with a cub cuddling underneath its claw is female, representing prosperity the endless succession. a layout of the palace museum is posted by the entrance . from it ,you can see that the palace museum has two main parts: the forecourt and the inner court. the three main halls constitute the mainstay of the forecourt, and it was here that the emperor announced decisions and observed rites. behind the forecourt there is the inner court, consisting of major halls and the imperial garden .it was where the emperor attended state affairs, lived and enjoyed his luxurious life. the exhibition system of the palace museum involves historical court relics and articles of ancient art and culture. the palace museum houses nearly one million articles of rare treasure, or one sixth of the total number in all of china `s museums. there are the three main halls of the palace museum, built on a triple marble terrace . since most of china `s architecture is made of wood, the buildings cannot be too tall. to gain the height of the architecture, ingenious ancient artisans built the hall on a gigantic stone terrace .it is also to this end that not a single plant was grown in the square. on stairways of triple marble terrace there are 18 bronze tripods .the verandah is flanked by bronze tortoises and cranes, which served as symbols of longevity .on the east is a sundial, an ancient timepiece. on the west there is a grain measure suggesting that the emperor was just and equitable.

in the front and on each flank ,there is a pair of gilt bronze vats (caldrons ) molded during the reign of emperor qianlong of the qing dynasty .each of these weights 2 tons and is filled with water as a precaution in the event of a fire .the structure in the very middle is the hall of supreme harmony ,also known as the throne hall. it is 64 meters in width and is 38 meters from entrance to rear. with terrace exclusive ,the hall is 26.92 meters in height and is 35.03 meters in all .covering and areaof 2,377 square meters, the hall of supreme harmony is china` s largest exiting wooden structure. the hall is supported by 6 thick ,round pillars carved in a design of coiling dragons. as the holiest place in the hall, the ceiling and colored patterns were made of the finest material available at that time. the throne was placed on a terrace and is flanked by statues of elephants, luduan (a unicorn which could travel 18,000 kilometers a day and understand all languages), cranes and incense barrels .over the throne there is the caisson ,or covered ceiling ,which consists of a coiling dragon playing with a ball in its mouth .this ball is known as xuanyuan mirror ,and was supposedly made by a chinese emperor of remote times to serve as a reminder that thee rulers to follow were his hereditary heirs. the throne is made of nanmu and painted in gold .magnificently built and luxuriously decorated ,this hall did not serve as a place in which the emperor attended to daily affairs. he used his hall for major events such as his birthday, conferral of title of empress or dispatch of generals to war.

behind the hall of supreme harmony ,there sits the hall of complete harmony. this structure is square in shape .each side is 24.15 meters. this was the place where the emperor relaxed and greeted his courtiers before proceeding to the hall of supreme harmony to observe rites. this was also the place where the emperor prepared prayers or examined seeds and sowers bef ore he attended ancestral sacrifices or participated in snowing ceremonies. a grand ceremony was also held here once every 10 years for the emperor to genealogize the royal blood. there are two sedan chairs on display in the hall. behind the hall of complete harmony ,you will see the hall of preserving harmony, which was used as a place where imperial examinations were held. the imperial examination was the hignest level of competing for meritorious appointment under the feudal system dating back to the sui dynasty. china` s last imperial examination was held in 1904 during the reign of emperor guangxu of the qing dynasty. to the rear of hall there is a marble ramp carved with cloud and dragon designs, the largest of its kind in the whole country . it is 16.57 meters in length, 3.07 meters in width, 1.7 meters thick and weighs 250 tons. it was quarried in fangshan county in suburban beijing. to bring this giant piece of stone to beijing people poured water onto the road and applied rolling blocks during the process.

we are now standing before the square of the hall of heaven purity. it served as a divide separating the forecourt from the inner court .this building is known as the gate of heavenly purity. emperor qianlong held court here. proceeding further north ,you can find three main rear halls ,i.e. the hall of heavenly purity. the hall of union and peace and palace of earthly tranquility. the hall of heavenly purity if flanked on either side by two gates named after the sun and moon .inside the enclosure there are 12 palaces and halls symbolizing constellations. all of the other buildings are centered around the palace of heavenly purity , which was meant to suggest that the monarch` s power was endowed by heaven. the empress and concubines lived in the inner court.

the hall of heavenly purity was where the emperor lived and attended to daily affairs. later the emperor moved to live in the palace of mental cultivation. looking up you can see a plaque bearing the chinese inscription “be open and above-board,” a manifesto to court struggle .behind the plaque a strongbox was stored containing a will bearing the name of the would –be royal successor. this approach of secretly selecting the next emperor was adopted by emperor yongzheng of the qing dynasty. two copies of the will were prepared .one was stashed by the emperor in person ,the other was placed inside the strong box behind the plaque. after the death of the emperor, the two copies would be compared and successor would be announced. it was in this way that emperor qianglong and others have ascended the throne.

behind the hall of heavenly purity you will see the hall of union and peace , which is indentical to the hall of complete harmony. it was there that the emperor received congratulations and tributes from imperial officials on major calender occasions , a total of 25 imperial seals are stored there. in the hall, you will see a plaque with the handwritten inscription of “we wei,” exhorting taoist doctrines.

further northward is the palace of earthly tranquillity, which once served as the living room of the empresses` . the hall was later converted into a sacrificial place .through the windowpanes on the eastern wall you can see the royal bed decorated with dragon and phoenix designs. this hall has also served as the bridal chamber of monarchs.

the gate of earthly tranquilliity leads to the imperial garden (known to westerners as qianlong` s garden ),which was used by the emperor ,the empress, and the concubines. a magnificent structure stands in the middle. it is called the qin `s an (imperial peace) hall. it is the only building in the palace museum that was built in taoist style. it served as a shrine to the taoist deity. the garden covers a space of 12,000 square meters ,and is 130 meters from east to the west and some 90 meters from north to the south. there are a dozen halls, verandahs, pavilions and waterside houses in the garden . on each of the fur corner there is a pavilion dedicated to the four seasons which is different in construction style and shape. the garden also features an imperial landscape. with rare trees and exotic rockery, the imperial garden served as a model for china` s imperial parks .in all ,a total of 10-strong building styles were applied.

the tall building we are now passing is the gate of military prowess, the back door of the palace museum. our visit is now drawing to a conclusion but the architectures of the palace are not . on the other side of the road is the 43-meter-hign charcoal hill , providing natural protection for the forbidden city. this was also an embodiment of china` s construction style-putting a pool in the front and a hill in the rear. now let` s climb up to wanchun (everlasting springs ) pavillion where we` ll have a great view of the palace museum.

北京天安门英文导游词

Tian’anmen( the Gate of Heavenly Peace), is located in the center of Beijing. It was first built in 1417 and named Chengtianmen( the Gate of Heavenly Succession). At the end of the Ming Dynasty, it was seriously damaged by war. When it was rebuilt under the Qing in 1651, it was renamed Tian’anmen, and served as the main entrance to the Imperial City, the administrative and residential quarters for court officials and retainers. The southern sections of the Imperial City wall still stand on both sides of the Gate. The tower at the top of the gate is nine-room wide and five –room deep. According to the Book of Changes, the two numbers nine and five, when combined, symbolize the supreme status of a sovereign.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Tian’anmen was the place where state ceremonies took place. The most important one of them was the issuing of imperial edicts, which followed these steps:

1) The Minister of Rites would receive the edict in Taihedian( Hall of Supreme Harmony), where the Emperor was holding his court. The minister would then carry the decree on a yunpan( tray of cloud), and withdraw from the hall via Taihemen( Gate of supreme Harmony)

2) The Minister would put the tray in a miniature longting( dragon pavilion). Beneath a yellow umbrella and carry it via Wumen( Meridian Gate), to Tian’anmen Gate tower.

3) A courtier would be invested to proclaim the edict. The civil and military officials lining both sides of the gateway beneath the tower would prostrate themselves in the direction of the emperor in waiting for the decree to the proclaimed.

4) The courtier would then put the edict in a phoenix-shaped wooden box and lower it from the tower by means of a silk cord. The document would finally be carried in a similar tray of cloud under a yellow umbrella to the Ministry of Rites.

5) The edict, copied on yellow paper, would be made known to the whole country.

Such a process was historically recorded as “ Imperial Edict Issued by Golden Phoenix”.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties Tian’anmen was the most important passage. It was this gate that the Emperor and his retinue would go through on their way to the altars for ritual and religious activities.

On the Westside of Tian’anmen stands ZhongshanPark( Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s Park), and on the east side, the Working People’s Cultural Palave. The Park was formerly called Shejitan( Altar of Land and Grain), built in 1420 for offering sacrificial items to the God of Land. It was opened to the public as a park in 1914 and its name was changed in 1928 to the present one in memory of the great pioneer of the Chinese Democratic Revolution.

The Working People’s Cultural Palace used to be Taimiao( the Supreme Ancestral Temple), where tablets of the deceased dynastic rulers were kept.

The stream in front of Tian’anmen is called Waijinshuihe( Outer Golden River),with seven marble bridges spanning over it . Of these seven bridges,historical records say the middle one was for the exclusive use of the emperor and was accordingly called Yuluqiao( Imperial Bridge). The bridges flanking it on either side were meant for the members of the royal family and were therefore called Wanggongqiao( Royal’s Bridges). Farther away on each side of the two were bridges for officials ranking above the third order and were named Pinjiqiao( ministerial Bridges). The remaining two bridges were for the use by the retinue below the third order and wre called Gongshengqiao( common Bridges). They anr the one in front of the Supreme Ancestral Temple to the east and the one in front of the Altar of land and Grain to the west.

The two stone lions by the Gate of Tian’anmen, one on each side were meant as sentries. They gaze toward the middle axis, guarding the emperor’s walkway. In front of the gate stands a pair of marble columns called Huabiao. They are elaborately cut in bas-relief following the pattern of a legendary dragon. Behind the gate stands another pair of similar columns. The story of Huabiao may be traced to a couple of sources. One of the versions accredits its invention to one of the Chinese sage kings named Yao, who was said to have set up a wooden pillar in order to allow the ordinary people to expose evil-doers, hence it was originally called a slander pillar. Later it ws reduced to a signpost, and now it serves as an ornament.

The beast sitting on the top of the column is called” hou”, a legendary animal, which is said to have been a watcher of an emperor’s behaviour. He was doing such duties as warning the emperor against staying too long outside the palace or indulging in pleasure and urging him to go to the people for their complaints or return in due time. Therefore, the two pairs of beasts were given the names” Wangjunhui”( Expecting the emperor’s coming back) and “ wangjunchu”( Expecting the emperor’s going out) respectinvely.

In the old days, Tian’anmen, as a part of the Imperial City, was meant for important occasions. The two rows of chaofang( antechamber), on the sides behind the main gate, wre reserved for civil and military members of the government waiting for imperial audience and in front of the gate, were offices of imperial administration.

On October 1, 1949, chairman Mao Zedong proclaimed on Tian’anmen Rostrum the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Since then Tian’anmen has been the symbol of New Chinea. Chairman Mao’s portrait is hung above the central entrance, flanked by two slogans:” Long Live the Great Unity of the Peoples of the World”. Today , the splendour of Tian’anmen attracts million of visitors from all over the world. The Rostrum on its top was opened in 1988 to the public for the first time in its history. It offers a panoramic view of the Square and the city proper.

Tian’anmen Square

Situated due south of Tian’anmen, the Square has an area of 44 hectares( 109 acres) that can accommodate as many as one million people for public gatherings. It has witnessed may historical events in China’s modern history and is a place for celebrations on such festive days as international Labour Day on May 1st and national Day on October 1st.

Around the Square are several famous buildings:

1 The Great Hall of the People

This is one of the largest congressional buildings in the world. Built in 1959, the hall consists of three parts: a 10,000-seat auditorium in the center, a banquet hall in the north wing facing Chang’an Street, with a seating capacity of 5,000, and offices for the Standing Committee of the National Peoples’ Congress of China in the south. In addition, thirty-four reception chambers are named after various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly unde the Central Government, plus Hong Kong and Macao. Each is different from the other in decoration and furnishings to stress their local features.

2 The Museum of Chinese History and the Museum of the Chinese Revolution

These two museums were also built in 1959. the museum of Chinese History houses a permanent exhibition in four parts, covering the entire process of Chinese history spanning from 1.7 million years ago to 1919:

1) The Primitive Society( 1.7 million years ago to the 21st century BC);

2) The Slave Society(21st century BC to 476 BC.);

3) The Feudal Society(475 BC. To 1840 AD.);

4) The Semi-Colonial and Semi- Fedual Society(1840 to 1919.)

The Museum of the Chinese Revolution covers the period from 1919 to 1949.

3 The Monument to the People’s Heroes

the monument was built in memory of thousands of martyrs who died for the revolutionary cause of the Chinese people. Its construction began on August 1, 1952 and was not completed until 1958. in the form of an obelisk, the Monument as made of more than 17,000 pieces of tranite and white marble. The purple piece inlaid in the front of the Monument was brought from Qingdao, Shandong Province. It is 38 meters(124ft 8 in) high, the loftiest of its kind ever seen in the country. Not only is it an historic memorial for immortal heroes, but also it is an artistic work of excellent architectural value.

On the front side of the Monument is an engraved inscription in Chinese characters written by Chairman Mao Zedong, which reads” Eternal Glory to the People’s Heroes!”. On the back of the Monument is an article written by Chairman Mao, but in Chinese calligraphy by the late Premier Zhou Enlai.

At the top of the Monument are eight gigantic carved wreathes of such flowers as peony, lotus and chrysanthemum, symbolizing nobility, purity, and fortitude. At the base of the monument are eight marble reliefs depicting the Chinese historic events since 1840. They are:

1) The Burning of Opium in 1840:

2) The uprising of 1851 in Jintian, Guangxi;

3) The Revolution of 1911;

4) The May Fourth Movement of 1919;

5) The May 30th Movement of 1925;

6) The Uprising of 1927 in Nanchang, Jiangxi;

7) The War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression from 1937 to 1945;

8) The Victorious Crossing over the Yangtze River by the Peoples’s Liberation Army in 1949. This relief is flanked by two smaller ones—“ Supplying the Front” and “ Greeting the P.L.A.”.

4 Chairman Mao’s Mausoleum

Chairman Mao Zedong, the founder of the People’s Pepublic of China, passed away on Sepember 9, 1976. In commemoration of this great man, a mausoleum began to be constructed in November 1976, and was completes in August the following year. The Mausoleum was officially opened on September 9, 1977.

The mausoleum is surrounded by four groups of sculpture. East of the northern entrance is the sculpture depicting the period of the New Democratic Revolution( 1919-1949), and west of it is the one signifying the great achievements of the Chinese people during the period of slcialist revolution and construction since 1949. The sculptures in front of the southern gate are figures of workers, peasants soldiers, intellectuals, technicians and children.

Inside the Mausoleum are three main sections: A white marble statue of Chairman Mao is mounted on a platform in the front lobby. On the wall behind the statue is a 24-metre-long( 79-foot-long) tapestry, a fine needlepoint work with beautiful landscapes of the country.

In the main hall there is a crystal coffin, in which Chairman Mao’s body lies stately with the Communist Party’s flag covering over him.

On the wall of the southern lobby, a poem by Chairman Mao and in his own calligraphy is inscribed in gold inlay. It expresses his full great expectations for the country.

Tian’ anmen Square has now completed its renovation after eight months’ hard work to welcome the 50th anniversary of the People’s Republic in 1999.

河源苏家围英文导游词

The Sujiawei Hakka Village Tourism Zone is a must for tourists who are interested in the Hakka culture and customs.

Bordering Dongjiang River in the north and Jiushe River in the south, the village is located in the Heshui Township, 26km away from the city of Heyuan.

Today the village is described as a “picturesque village in south china”, featuring old trees and houses, wild lands, bamboos and fresh air. Also it has a profound cultural history and is said to be the habitat of descendants of Su Shi, who also known as Su Dongpo, a famous Chinese literate in Northern Song Dynasty. Hence All people living in the village now are surnamed “Su”.

It also provides some performances for travelers to get a better known of Hakka culture such as their wedding customs. You can take part in the producing lines of making bean curd, wine or oil; or enjoy yourself in activities like fishing, swimming and boating.

The first spot we encounter is the Yingqing Bridge, where has a panoramic view of Sujiawei. The bridge is a place to welcome all families, relatives and friends.

Here is purple perilla park. The purple perilla can be used as medicine to cure cold, or purple dye or cooking. The origin of this park is as follows: one day one of Su Shi’s offspring passed by this place, he dreamed five old men pointed a big tree and told him it is perilla tree. When he woke up, he found this place is full of perilla, and the environment is quite beautiful, so he thought the old men would like he move the Su clan here. So after he came back, he always mentioned this dream to his late generations. To fulfill his this dream, over 700 years ago, the Su clan moved here and Sujiawei started its story.

From this purple perilla park to Pool lips estate, is gallery of Hakka villages gender culture, which shows the Hakka people’s moral ideas and customs, they think everything has two opposite extremes like negative and positive. In Hakka dialect, have a boy baby is named “tian deng”, the same pronunciation as “add a lantern”. So in Chinese lantern festival, any family which has a new boy baby will hang a big lantern in their ancestors’ shrine.

Later we will visit Sugong Shrine Yongsi Hall, Guanghua hall, Su school and Yi Jiang temple. You may find the Hakka architecture is well preserved here. These ancient buildings are square flat houses with dark blue bricks and roof tiles that belong to the style of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The oldest house, Yongsi Hall, was built in 1481 in memory of Su Dongshan, the eighth-generation descendant of Su Dongpo and as a place for the villagers to worship their ancestors and discuss important affairs.

Now we walk along the Dongjiang river and enjoy the Hakka folk music. At the riverside you see bamboo everywhere. Su Dongpo loved bamboo, he once said “I can eat without meat, but I can not live without bamboo. No meat to eat only makes me thin; but live without bamboo makes me vulgar”!

Walking so long time, are you a bit tired and thirsty? Let’s go to Her Workshops to taste Hakka traditional snacks and tea. There are tea leaf, sesame, peanut, red jujube and longan in the tea. Do you taste them?

Ok, after a break, we go to experience traditional Hakka wedding performance. If you are lucky to be chosen and act as the bridegroom, you will be invited to the stage and join their show.

The village also preserves many slogans printed on the walls during 1950s to 1970s, which are silent witnesses to Chinese modern history.

Do you see the big bamboo hats holding by bamboo sticks in line? It is farm four seasons gallery. On the bamboo hats marked farming planting and harvesting dates and festivals.

Finally we have 15-minutes free activity in the countryside vegetable fields. You may like farmers to pick fruits, vegetables you like in the fields.

北京是有着三千年历史的国家历史文化名城。北京在历史上曾为六朝都城，在从燕国起的20xx多年里，建造了许多宏伟壮丽的宫廷建筑，使北京成为中国拥有帝王宫殿、园林、庙坛和陵墓数量最多，内容最丰富的城市。其中北京故宫，明朝时叫大内宫城，清朝时叫紫禁城，这里原为明、清两代的皇宫，住过24个皇帝，建筑宏伟壮观，完美地体现了中国传统的古典风格和东方格调，是中国乃至全世界现存最大的宫殿，是中华民族宝贵的文化遗产。天坛以其布局合理、构筑精妙而扬名中外，是明、清两代皇帝“祭天”。

四合院是以正房、倒座房、东西厢房围绕中间庭院形成平面布局的北方传统住宅的统称。北京四合院源于元代院落式民居，是老北京城最主要的民居建筑。一座座青瓦灰砖的四合院之间形成的窄巷，就是著名的老北京胡同。

北京的宗教寺庙遍布京城，现存著名的有：佛教的法源寺、潭柘寺、戒台寺、云居寺、八大处等。道教的白云观等。藏传佛教的雍和宫等，天主教西什库天主堂、王府井天主堂等。基督教的缸瓦市教堂、崇文门教堂等。

北京中轴线是指元、明、清时的北京城的中轴线，北京的城市规划具有以宫城为中心左右对称的特点。北京的中轴线南起永定门，北至钟鼓楼，长约7.8公里。从南往北依次为，永定门，前门箭楼，正阳门，中华门，天安门，端门，午门，紫禁城，神武门，景山，地安门，后门桥，鼓楼和钟楼。从这条中轴线的南端永定门起，就有天坛、先农坛；太庙、社稷坛；东华门、西华门；安定门，德胜门以中轴线为轴对称分布。中国著名建筑大师梁思成先生曾经说：“北京的独有的壮美秩序就由这条中轴线的建立而产生。”永定门、中华门、地安门都在中华人民共和国成立后被拆毁，而近年来又重新修建了永定门城楼。

漠河县位于大兴安岭北麓，黑龙江上游南岸，中国的最北端，地理坐标为东经 121°07′至124°20′，北纬52°10′至53°33′是我国纬度最高的县份。1981的国务院正式批准建县，漠河县总面积18223平方公里，境内有汉、蒙、回、满、朝鲜、鄂温克、鄂伦春、锡伯、土家等11个民族，人口已逾十万。全县有西林吉、图强、劲涛、兴安4个镇，漠河1个乡，8个村民委员会，35个自然屯。西林吉镇是中共漠河县委，县政府所在地，也是全县政治、经济、文化的中心。境内有3个中央部属林业企业，1个地属煤矿企业。在历史上漠河一带，到明末清初属索伦部居住区，除达斡尔、鄂温克、鄂伦春等少数民族游猎民众外。尚无定居者，1860年(清咸丰十年)老沟河谷发现金苗。随着采金人口的增多，漠河逐渐有人开始定居。1920___年(民国元年)，总卡衙门对漠河街内人口进行统计(因金矿人口不定超级次统计不含矿区人数)，有居民51户，465人。到1953年，全国第一次人口普查时，境内人口为706人。1990年，全国第四次人口普查统计，全县有22202户，其中：家庭户口21857户，集体345户;总人口84983人。全县平均每户3.8人，人口密度每平方公里4.7人。民族构成主要有汉、满、蒙古、朝鲜、回、锡伯、达斡尔、鄂伦春、鄂温克、俄罗斯、土、苗、畲等13个民族，以汉族人为主体，占人口主要分布在西林吉镇、图强镇、劲涛镇、漠河乡、兴安乡，其余分布在各林场和自然村中。

漠河自清以来，在百余年的社会发展中，历代在漠河境内生活的居民，以汉族人口为主体，间有少数民族杂居，在各民族交往中，通用汉族语言，操普通话。但在不同的历史环境和不同的民族中仍有便用本民族语言的习惯。在漠河百余年的社会发展中主要有鄂伦春、鄂温克、朝鲜、俄罗斯、蒙古、达斡尔和满族等7种少数民族的语言。由于民族的不同，各民族间也有着不同的宗教信仰。漠河县主要有道教、佛教、伊斯兰教、天主教、东正教、萨满教、家里教。县城为伊斯兰教回民穆斯林聚居活动中心，解放前，本县自然灾害和兵燹匪患频繁，深受其害的边疆人民，把摆脱苦难的希望寄托于神灵保佑，作为精神寄托，自清代漠河开发建设以来，大批关内流民渐次来到漠河谋生，弃妻室、抛儿女、孤身于荒凉僻野之地，来者将各自信仰的宗教随之带入漠河。统治者便利用各种宗教作为其统治，麻痹和控制人民的重要手段，各教的传入和发展，多以民间活动为主。

11、欢乐海狮王国

环球旅行的最后一站——欢乐海狮王国。在这里，有800个座位，可同时容纳1000—1200游客，可观看世界首例的全景荧光隐形立体壁画和3D动画3只聪明娇憨的海狮明星和一只南美海狮将在驯养师的精心调教下，为您献上一台精彩绝伦的滑稽剧。在火爆的音乐下，他还能跳街舞。还能为游客表演另人震撼的空中飞跃，并会摆出独具个性的Pose，与您拍照留念。我相信，在这些“大明星”们的陪伴下，您一定会度过一段快乐而又难忘的旅行时光的!

海狮原产于北美加利福尼亚洲沿岸以及北太平洋、南美、澳大利亚和新西兰等地，它体形细长呈纺锤型，颈部较长，两只耳朵较小，前肢长于后肢，呈桨状，后肢较发达，能支持身体并在陆上行走。海狮是一种鳍足类动物，生物学家认为鳍足类动物和胡狼源自同一个祖先。大约在三千万年前，海洋里的食物资源大大增加，在那时有些象犬类的肉食性动物开始慢慢转移到海洋里来寻找食物，为了能适应在水中觅食，他们的身体和生理产生了很大的变化，他的四肢演化成鳍状以方便在水中游泳，经过长时间的演变进化，就形成了现在的鳍足类动物。

八一起义纪念馆位于南昌最繁华的一条街道——中山路，今年春节我和爸爸来到纪念馆参观。

刚进大门，看见一座崭新的大楼耸立在眼前。进入大楼，只见一只巨的手拿着一把枪，这象征着打响了革命的第一枪。

往里走，就看见了许多起义军从敌人手里缴获的战利品，有威力巨大的大炮、火力十足的机关枪......

继续往前走，就是一楼通往二楼的阶梯，虽说是一层阶梯，但是，这一层阶梯和其他阶梯大不一样，他四周的墙壁上都画上了井冈山的风景，就连阶梯也改成了石头的，旁边种满了花草，你一走上阶梯，你一定会感到你自己不是在一个纪念馆里，而是在美丽的井冈山上。

到了二楼，笔直往前走，不一会儿，便会来到一群“人群”中，这些人是用蜡做的，一个个生龙活虎、栩栩如生，就像真人一样。

再往前走，你能看见许多革命烈士的奖章，这些奖章完好无缺，有的还保持着以前的光彩。

不知不觉，我们走出了纪念馆，走出了纪念馆以后，一路上，我的内心久久不能平静，我在想：“没有这些革命烈士，就没有我们今天的幸福生活。”

今天我要给大家讲一下陕西历史博物馆!

如果你去过西安，陕西历史博物馆是比去之处，你要去看看那的文物，是十四朝的古都，占地56000平方米，里面分周、六国、秦、三国、汉、晋、隋、唐六个区域，那我就给大家说三个吧!

周朝很特殊，那时几乎没有部队，也不打仗，老百姓过着无忧无虑的生活，一个叫“嬴政”的人觉得，生活在这个朝代不好，于是他招兵买马，大家都像嬴政靠拢，第一天拿下了潼关，十天后陕西的一半都被秦拿下了，二十天后周军逃亡浙江一带，秦拿下陕西。

六国之战完后，秦统一了中国，秦还未统一中国十年，项羽、刘邦就结盟，攻打秦国。开始在秦始皇的引导下，秦防守的非常出色，一个月来一个城都未被攻下来，让刘邦、项羽无法下手，可有一天秦始皇病死了，让他的儿子接班，儿子很不争气，吃喝玩乐不管国家大事，自以为爸爸的军队多么出色，不一会上海、浙江、安徽、湖南、山西就丢了，湖南、山西可是陕西的盾牌啊!可他并没有进攻，只是防守，又说湖北、四川被攻下，加上突厥来捣乱，不到一个月陕西就被攻下了。这让我懂得了强久必弱，弱久必强。

我爱陕西博物馆，我爱西安，这次游览使我终身难忘。

大家好，欢迎来到历史悠久的古城-----江阴。我是带领大家领略这即悠久又美丽的城市的导游徐佳绮。

江阴位于江苏省，全市面积987.5平方公里，故称暨阳，因紧靠长江南面后改为江阴(江;长江，阴;江的南面)。有2500多年的历史。全年温度条件较好，年均气温16.7摄氏度。素有“鱼米之乡”的美称。

使江阴闻明于世的便是那“矗立”于中国的“母亲江”之上的长江大桥。主跨1385米，全长3071米，目前为中国第一，世界第四。在他的脚下，滚滚的江水向着天际流去，在她那6300公里的身躯上，头顶唐古拉山脉，脚踩上海是东海，蔚为壮观。

当然，在这“母亲江”的哺育下，成就了一代名人：徐霞客，刘氏三兄弟，吴仁宝……他们为江阴市乃至全国，全世界都做出了不可抹灭的贡献。

今日我要向大家介绍的便是国家级AAAA级旅游区-----黄山湖公园。简称黄山湖。

黄山湖位于江阴黄山南麓，依山枕江。黄山湖以15万平方米的人工湖为主体，取土成山，依山起势，因势理水，临水造景，显示了雄浑博大的意境。绿地面积也为15万平方米，整个公园绿化覆盖率达到80%以上，自然生态是黄山湖公园的一个重要主题。黄山湖水秀山清，林幽石奇，以其宜游宜居的生活理念，演绎出人与自然和谐相处的乐章，成为江尾岸头的翡翠碧玉，现代港城的风清画卷。作文

心动不如行动，面对好山好水好人好景……你还不行动吗?在这个美丽的文化之城;在这个现代品味的时尚之城;在这个闪烁光芒的耀眼名城……

避暑山庄原名热河行宫，俗称承德离宫，建于公元1720xx年至1792年(即清朝康熙四十二年至乾隆五十七年)，占地 564万平方米，宫墙长达10公里。这是一座宫苑一体的大型皇家园林，分为宫殿区和苑景区两大部分，宫殿区包括正宫，东宫，松鹤斋和万壑松风四组建筑，风格古朴典雅，是清朝皇帝处理朝政，举行庆典，日常起居的地方。苑景区又有湖区，平原区和山区之分。湖光山色，兼具“南秀北雄”之特点。山庄内楼台殿阁，寺观庵庙等古建筑达120多组，它们因山就水，遍布全国，其中就有康熙皇帝以四字命名的“三十六景”和乾隆皇帝以三字命名的“三十六景”，史称“康乾七十二景”。

避暑山庄在清朝的历史上曾起过重要的作用，素有“第二个政治中心”之称，现在是全国重点文物保护单位，被列为“世界文化遗产名录”，全国“四十四个风景区”和“十大名胜”之行列，承德市也因此而被誉为中国历史文化名城。

宫殿区：位于避暑山庄南端，占地lO.2万平方米。在正宫、松鹤斋、万堑松风和东宫四组建筑，宫殿区是清帝理朝听政、举行大典和寝居之所。建筑风格朴素淡雅，但不失帝王宫殿的庄严。清帝嘉庆、成丰皆病逝于此，影响中国历史进程的“辛酉政变”亦发端于此。正宫区藏有珍贵文物2万余件。

苑景区又分为湖区、平原区和山区。

湖区:位于山庄东南，面积49.6万平方米。有大小湖泊八处，即西湖、澄湖、如意泅、上湖、下湖、银溯、镜溯及半月湖，统称为塞湖。此区总体结构以山环水、以水绕岛，布局运用中国传统造园手法，组成中国神话传说中的神仙世界的构图。多组建筑巧妙地营构在洲岛、堤岸和水面之中，展示出一片水乡景色

平原区:位于山庄北部，占地60.7万平方米。其中又分为西部草原和东部林地。草原以试马埭为主体，是皇帝举行赛马活动的场地。林地称万树园，是避暑山庄内重要的政治活动中心之一。乾隆在这里接见并宴赏过厄鲁特蒙古杜尔伯特台吉三车凌、土尔扈特台吉渥巴锡，以及西藏政教首领六世班禅等重要人物，还在此接见过以特使马戈尔尼为首的第一个英国访华使团。万树园西侧为中国四大皇家藏书名阁之一文津阁。另外还有永佑寺、春好轩、宿云檐等组建筑营构在草原、林地之间。

山区：位于山庄西北部，面积443.5万平方米。自南而北，由四条沟壑组成，依次为榛子峪、松林峪、梨树峪、松云峡。山峦之中，古松参天，林木茂盛，原建有四十多组轩斋亭舍、佛寺道观等建筑，但多已只存基址。

大家好!我是你们的向导，我姓x名，叫我x导好了。现在我将带领你们游览故宫，欣赏我国的文化遗产。

故宫为我国明清二朝的皇宫，也是现存最大、最完整的古建筑群。所以我们在游览时不应该乱丢垃圾，也不要随地吐痰。

进了太和殿的大门，展现在大家面前的便是一座座雄伟的宫殿。正前面那座最大的木构建宇，很是引人注目，那就是太和殿。它是皇权的象征，每当有重大活动是，皇帝都在此举行。后面的一排金碧辉煌的尬宫殿，分别是中和殿、保和殿。

这样气魄雄伟的工程，凝结了多少劳动人民的血汗与智慧呀!

亲爱的游客朋友们： 大家好!

我是你们本次的导游，我叫哈柄旭。你们可以叫我小哈。我是一个活泼的人，大家不必拘束哦!那么下面我们就进行为期一天的北陵之旅吧!

北陵公园简介(1分钟)

北陵又称清昭陵是清朝第二代开国君主太宗皇太极以及孝端文皇后博尔济吉特氏的陵墓，占地330万平方米。1643年(清崇德八年)清太宗皇太极和孝端文皇后博尔济吉特氏的陵墓昭陵建成。1920_年，奉天省政府将清昭陵辟为公园。昭陵是沈阳名胜古迹之一，是我国古代建筑的精华，也是汉满蒙民族文化交流的典型。1982年国务院公布清昭陵为第二批全国重点文物保护单位。

方城是陵园的主体部分，结构与福陵的方城相似。北陵既有古老的传统建筑，又有现代化游园设施，置身园中，抚今追昔，令人感慨万千。它是国内外游人来沈必游之地。清昭陵内古松参天，有许多地方值得观看，像赑屃驮石碑、角楼、后山的陵墓等都是值得一去的地方。

陵墓占地面积16万平方米，是清初“关外三陵”中规模最大、气势最宏伟的一座。位于沈阳古城北约十华里，因此也称“北陵”，是清代皇家陵寝和现代园林合一的游览胜地。园内古松参天，草木葱茏，湖水荡漾，楼殿威严，金瓦夺目，充分显示出皇家陵园的雄伟、壮丽和现代园林的清雅、秀美。昭陵除了葬有帝后外，还葬有关睢宫宸妃、麟趾宫贵妃、洐庆宫淑妃等一批后妃佳丽，是清初关外陵寝中最具代表性的一座帝陵，是我国现存最完整的古代帝王陵墓建筑之一。

公园(10秒)

昭陵的另一特色是漫漫数里的古松群。现存古松二千余棵，松龄达三百多年，摇曳挺拔，参天敝日。这些苍翠的陵松在金瓦红墙中构成昭陵又一壮丽景观，其中的“神树”、“凤凰树”、“夫妻树”、“姐妹树”、“龟树”等更是别具特色。

清昭陵正门+主体(40秒)

沈阳昭陵陵区建筑布局大致是这样的：陵区四周设有红、白、青三种颜色界桩，南北狭长，东西偏窄。陵区最南端是下马碑，其次，为华表和石狮。往北是陵寝正门——正红门，此门周围是环绕陵区的朱红围墙，又叫“风水墙”。正红门内有一条南北笔直的石路叫“神道”，神道两侧由南往北依次立有擎天柱柱一对，石狮子一对，石獬豸一对，石麒麟一对，石马一对，石骆驼一对，石象一对。这些石兽统称“石象生”。最北边是月牙城，月牙城正面有琉璃影壁，两侧有“蹬

道”可上下方城，月牙城之后是宝城、宝顶，宝顶之内为地宫。宝城之后是人工堆起的陵山——“隆业山”。另在陵寝西侧、与宝顶遥遥相对还有一组建筑叫“懿靖大贵妃、康惠淑妃园寝”，是安葬太宗众妃的莹地。除此之外，在陵寝东西两翼各三里许有陪葬墓。

总的来看，沈阳昭陵主体建筑仍保存至今，地下基础完好，规划、布局依然完整，古建筑与遗址未受后人过多的干预与改变，自然环境也基本保持原始状态，真实性与完整性程度很高。

皇太极历史(1分钟)

爱新觉罗·皇太极，即清太宗，清太祖爱新觉罗·努尔哈赤第八子。清初杰出的军事家、政治家，后金第二位大汗、清朝开国皇帝。自少年起常随父兄狩猎和征战，骑射娴熟。天命十一年(1620_年)努尔哈赤去世后，皇太极受推举袭承汗位，改次年为天聪元年。皇太极即位之后进行大刀阔斧的封建化改革，加强中央集权;在战略上定先征服朝鲜和漠南蒙古，以解除攻明后顾之忧的战略方针。对明则采纳汉族降官建议，确立讲和与自固之策，重用汉将，削弱明朝实力，志在入关夺取全国政权。[2]

崇德元年(1636年)，在盛京(今沈阳)称帝，建国号大清，并且迫使李氏朝鲜臣服于清朝。在崇德六年(1642年)的松锦大战中生俘洪承畴，自此明朝关外精锐丧失殆尽，宁锦防线彻底崩溃，清军入关已成必然之势[3]。崇德八年(1643年)，皇太极猝死于清军入关前夕，未能实现夺取全国政权的夙愿。皇太极前后在位20_年。他在位期间，发展生产，增强兵力，不断对明朝作战，为下阶段清王朝迅速扩展入主中原，打下了坚实的基础。庙号太宗，谥号应天兴国弘德彰武宽温仁圣睿孝敬敏昭定隆道显功文皇帝，葬于沈阳昭陵。死后其第九子福临即位。

皇太极和博尔济济特一个姑姑两个侄女(1分钟)

他这一生娶了十五位妻子，但博尔济济特家族的三位女性在历史上尤为显得重要。孝端文皇后(1599年05月31日-1649年05月28日)，博尔济吉特氏，名哲哲，清太宗爱新觉罗·皇太极皇后，蒙古科尔沁贝勒莽古思之女。

孝庄文皇后(1620_年-1688年)，博尔济吉特氏，名布木布泰(亦作本布泰，意为“天降贵人”)，蒙古科尔沁部(在今通辽)贝勒博尔济吉特·布和之次女，孝端文皇后之侄女。崇德三年生皇九子福临(顺治帝);崇德八年(1643年)，顺治帝即位后，与其姑孝端文皇后两宫并尊，称圣母皇太后;顺治八年(1651年)上徽号曰昭圣皇太后;康熙帝即位后尊为太皇太后;

敏惠恭和元妃(1620_年-1641年)，博尔济吉特氏，名海兰珠。生于万历三十七年，为蒙古科尔沁贝勒寨桑之女，亦孝端文皇后之侄女。天聪八年(1634

年)，时年二十六岁海兰珠入清宫。而早在天命十年(1620_年)，她年仅十三岁的妹妹布木布泰(即孝庄文皇后)就已嫁给了皇太极。崇德元年(1636年)，皇太极册封五大福晋时，封为关雎宫宸妃，为四妃之首，仅次于姑母哲哲，位次比妹妹本布泰(庄妃)高出两个等级。。海兰珠的封号和她所居宫室的名称，充分表达了皇太极对海兰珠的由衷喜爱。宸妃深受皇太极宠爱，两人感情极深。崇德二年七月初八日(1637年8月27日)，宸妃生下皇太极第八子。皇太极为此大赦，这是立太子时才会有的举措。母子最受皇太极宠爱。但此子未命名，就于崇德三年正月廿八日(1638年3月13日)逝世，不满周岁。崇德六年，宸妃逝世。

皇太极亲临松山之战前线指挥作战期间，宸妃患病，得知此事的皇太极安排好一切急忙往回赶。可惜还未赶到时，噩耗已至。此后，皇太极虽百般体贴，多方抚慰，但本就时有微恙的宸妃，又遭受丧子之痛，始终难以恢复健康。从此这位身体一直健壮的皇帝忽而昏迷，忽而减食。崇德六年(1641年)以后，皇太极因身体不好，曾发布过大赦令，也减少了处理日常事务的负担，甚至做过祈祷。崇德八年(1643年)八月初九日，皇太极猝死于盛京后宫，年52岁。

皇太极和多尔衮(40秒)

爱新觉罗·多尔衮(1620_年11月17日—1650年12月31日)，清太祖努尔哈赤第十四子，皇太极的弟弟。

天命十一年(公元1620_年)努尔哈赤驾崩，皇室中争夺皇位的行动都在秘密进行，争夺最激烈的就是多尔衮与皇太极。先帝在位时，多尔衮的母亲阿巴亥深受其宠，她自然也有让多尔衮称帝的想法。但是在当时的情况下，无论从年龄与实力来讲，多尔衮与皇太极都相差甚远，后来阿巴亥被迫殉葬，多尔衮也受到了很大的打击。在这种情形下，多尔衮完全可以把皇太极当作最大的敌人，但是多尔衮清醒的认识到自己要想活命，以后为母亲伸冤以及自己有所作为，现在就必须委屈求全，尽心尽力辅佐皇太极，得到皇太极的信任。皇太极能在众皇子中脱颖而出，除了心狠手辣，自然也有过人的胆识和能力，在防备的同时，他也重用多尔衮，把他视为自己的左右手，也化解了多尔衮心中的一部分怨恨。(皇太极死后为了大清的团结和安定，多尔衮也没有和豪格正面争夺皇位，这都是和皇太极的心计分不开的。)

皇太极死后，此时的多尔衮已有众多的支持者，他也被皇室公认为最有才能的人。多尔衮做皇帝的美梦现在又死灰复燃，多尔衮为了摸清各大臣的态度，就去询问索尼对皇位继承的意见，不料索尼一点也不给多尔衮面子，直接说：“先帝有皇子在，必立其一。”多尔衮碰了一鼻子灰走了。

多尔衮不得不重新考虑是否争夺这个皇位。并且他还面临着一个强大的对手----豪格。豪格是皇太极的长子，凭借父亲的余荫加上多年来的南征北战，豪格也立下了赫赫战功，这些条件都是他继承皇位的极有利条件。多尔衮与豪格一直关系都不是很好，如果豪格做皇帝，多尔衮肯定不愿意，如果多尔衮做皇帝豪格也不会答应。两方互不相让，谁都没有绝对的优势压倒对方。对于谁主动用武力解决都是一步险棋。多尔衮看局面僵持不下，就提议让皇太极之子福临即位，这样一提连豪格也没有话说了，所以此时多尔衮也没有称帝。多尔衮在辅佐福临的时候，虽然以“周公”自居，但实际的做法和真正的周公都相差十万八千里。他重用宗室、擅权执政、暗箱操作等等都表明多尔衮的野心一直都在。

综上所述，我们不难看出两点：其一，多尔衮一直存在称帝的美梦，但是权衡利弊，而没有盲目行动。其二，多尔衮在称帝美梦破灭的情况下，才自封“周公”，寻找心理安慰罢了。我们这里仅对多尔衮在称帝方面的事进行探讨，中肯的说，多尔衮对大清的统一仍然起了不可磨灭的作用。

结束语(15秒)

我们今天的北陵之旅就到此结束，大家可以到公园内进行散步游玩，拍照留念，下午四点准时在公园门口集合哦!祝大家玩得开心，同时也要注意安全哦!

我叫小雨，是本船的导游员，我的左边是我们的船长，右边是乘务长。我们在此，对各位游客，表示热烈的欢迎!

漓江是全国文明的示范景区，大家如果有什么困难和要求，可以随时向我们提出来，我们一定会认真处理。好了，我们的船就要开了，我在此预祝大家一路顺风，一切如意。

漓江绿的像一块巨大的碧玉，静得像一面镜子。接下来，让我们走进这美丽的漓江，去欣赏这美丽的景色。船上不能吸烟，小孩不能到船边上去。

各位游客，我们的船顺江而下，不久就会看到黄牛岩景观，这是中国第一批AAAA级景区。黄牛岩在漓江两岸，磨盘山南，与碧崖隔江相峙，距离桂林约30公里。峡上多奇石，如狮虎、蝙蝠、黄牛群，因得名。漓江清流至此，急转90度大弯，水流分为二，拍击了各州渚，滚滚南去，民谣谓：“九牛对三洲，河水两连流;五马拦江过，双狮滚绣球。”

现在请大家看我左手边，这就是“大拇指山”，传说是如来佛祖的大拇指变成的，大家可以在此随意拍照。我们的船再走一会儿，就到了名不虚传的“猴子吃仙桃”山了。好了，现在你们都看到前方有一块巨石了吗?是不是像一只小猴子，巨石旁边还有一块比较小的石头，是不是像个桃子呀?这个猴子就是孙悟空，桃子就是王母娘娘的仙桃，所以这座山叫做“猴子吃仙桃山”。

漓江的景色也特别优美。春天，冰雪融化，山泉叮咚，夏天树木茂盛，秋天瓜果飘香，冬天白雪一片。现在我们到了骆驼山，大家看到我的右手边，远处的山峰像一排排骆驼，大家可以到船顶上拍照，小孩注意，小心别掉进水里。

终点站到了，谢谢你们的合作。让我们度过了一个快乐的一天。漓江随时欢迎你们，再见!

大家一路辛苦了,欢迎大家来灵山佛地九华山观光礼佛!我是来自安徽旅行社的导游,我叫王萍,三横一竖王,大家可以叫我小王或王导.坐在我们旁边的这位呢,是我们的司机王师傅,王师傅可是一位有着多年驾驶经验的老司机了,所以大家坐他的车可以尽管放心!在今天的游程中呢,如果大家有什么问题,都可以向我们提出来,我们将尽可能为大家解决。

九华山是中国佛教四大名山之一，它以佛教文化和绮丽的自然景观为特色，是首批国家级重点名胜区之

一。国家AAAAA级旅游区，全国文明旅游示范点。它与清凉佛国五台山、光明佛国峨眉山、海天佛国普陀山

并称为中国四大佛教名山。

九华山位于长江下游南岸，安徽省的西南部，北临长江、南望黄山、东靠太平湖、西接池洲市，景区总面积120平方公里，山上最高峰十王峰，海拔1342米。九华山峰气势雄伟，宋王安石赞誉“楚越千万山，雄越此山兼”，九华山古名陵阳山，唐朝以前以“此山奇秀，高出云表，峰蛮异状，其数有九”故名“九子山”。唐天宝年间(736-756年)，诗人李白曾三上九华，先后在《改九子山为九华山联句》和《望九华赠青阳韦仲堪》两诗中，写出了“妙有分二气，灵山开九华”、“昔在九江上，遥望九华峰。天河挂绿水，秀出九芙蓉。”等名句，在诗中他把九子山的九大主峰，比作盛开的莲华。因古汉语中“花”通“华”。于是在天宝十三年(752年)，九子山更名为九华山，山名一直沿用至今。

九华山灵秀的自然景观瑰丽，境内奇峰峭石、飞瀑流泉、竹海松涛，清幽秀丽，漂渺奇异，春日，满山芬芳、百鸟合鸣;夏日，佳木繁荫，谷风清凉;秋日，风霜高洁，别有情趣;冬日，琼楼玉宇，超然空灵，给人以“四时之景，而了亦无穷”的感觉。

九华山不仅以奇峰峭石、飞瀑流泉清幽秀丽的自然美景而闻名。更是以“地藏菩萨道场”而著称于世，然而最早在九华山进行的宗教活动并不是佛教，而是中国土生土长的道教。早在西汉元时五年(前11-前120__年)九华山就有道场建立，并列入道教“七十二福地”里的“三十九福地”。东晋隆安五年(401)天竺国(今印度)僧人杯渡锡九华初建茅庐，到了唐开元年间(720__年)新罗国[今韩国]僧人金乔觉，于24岁渡海来唐，他云游了许多名山大川，到过南京的宝华山、贵池齐山等，最后他来到九华山，见九华山秀丽、清幽便决定留在山中求法修道。金乔觉在九华山苦修了75年，于唐贞元十年[794年]农历7月30圆寂，寿止99岁，佛弟子依照浮屠之法将金乔觉盖缸三年，三年后开缸发现他遗体绵软，脸面如生，骨节转动有如金锁般响声。各种迹象与佛经上所说的地藏菩萨极为吻合，众僧认为金乔觉就是地藏菩萨的转世，因金乔觉俗家姓金，佛教徒们便尊他为“金地藏”，其肉身在九华山神光岭上的肉身宝殿里供奉，后经历代君工的推崇香火逐渐兴旺起来，到了明、清两代更是鼎盛，当时全山有寺院达300多座，僧尼达5000余人，香火之盛甲天下，素有“东南第一山”“莲华佛国”等美誉。在__期间由于政局动乱，在极左思想总冲击下，有的寺院被拆毁，有的年久失修倒塌，有的被占用，在“破四旧，立四新”的浪潮中，不少僧尼被迫还俗和外流，自1984年后，中央落实宗教政策之后，祗园寺恢复了丛林，提倡信仰自由，僧人当家作主，调动僧尼“自己管自己”的积极性，推动弘法利生事业。目前九华山现存寺院99座，其中96座寺院为全国重点寺院，分别是：化城寺、祗园寺、甘露寺、百岁宫、肉身殿、上禅堂、旗檀林、天台寺、慧居寺，僧尼达到千余人。

九华山寺院建筑风格独特，九华山属花岗岩山地地貌，地形的复杂，建筑用地狭窄，因受地理气候环境因素的制约，山上寺院的建筑改变了传统的形式，因地制宜，布局灵活，以悬崖峭壁，巨岩山洞或自然起伏的台地山坡为基础，巧妙地运用不同规则的地形，精心构筑富于空间变化，层次分明，外观峻险古朴，内部则曲折迷离，多数寺院与民居相连，游人很难分辨，体现了僧俗共修，古人曾赞道“九华一千寺，撒在云雾中”。

九华山以他独有的佛教文化著称于世，除其供奉的地藏菩萨确有其人外，不腐肉身更使九华山名声大振，从唐至今，先后共出现了十五尊真身，不幸__时被毁九尊，现今保存6尊无瑕、大兴、慈明、仁义、明净等真身，有僧有尼，数量之多实为罕见，九华山地处长江南岸，气候温和土地湿润，为什么这此僧人圆寂后遗体不腐呢?目前尚无科学诊断有待于后人揭开神秘的面纱。

九华山物华天宝，特产丰富，有香菇、木耳、石鸡、九华毛峰、黄精，其中九华毛峰又名“地藏茶”，属高山云雾茶，细如雀后，形如佛手，汤色黄绿清亮，香气持久，相传由金乔觉当年从家乡新罗(今韩国)携来茶种，种在神光岭上，长年云雾滋润，茶叶殊佳，是九华山最古老的佛茶，1920__年曾获巴拿马万国博览会金奖，如今九华山茶厂采制的各种名优绿茶，因其价廉物美而供不应求。“黄精”是一种中草药，吸取黄土之精华，一年长一节，十年一尺，实为罕见，据《本草纲目》记载，黄精又名鸡头参，太阳草，主要有补血补肾、治高血压及排毒养颜，据考证九华山的真身菩萨生前常以采黄精充饥，苦心修行，唐代杜甫诗曰：“扫除白发黄精在，君看他年冰雪融。”可谓是“北有长北山人参，南有九华黄精”，是赠送亲友之佳品。

各位!快到九华街之前，我把一些注意事项对大家说一下，由于九华山地处皖南山区，各方面条件有限，宾馆的硬件设施还未达到标准(如冬天冻水，夏天停水，旺季房间紧张等)，但是酒店的服务卫生请大家放心，多数酒店都依山势而建，山上长年云雾笼罩，一年之中有一百八十天是雨水天气，房间内相对来说潮气比较大，请各位多多谅解了。请在旅途中牢记，1、走路不观景、观景不走路，安全第一;2、进入猴群区

不要逗玩猴子，以免被猴子袭击。进寺院时请注意：1、寺院的门槛不能踩，也不能坐在上面;2、法器和佛像不能随意摸，殿内禁止摄影拍照和大声喧哗;在敬香时，随时留意香火，注意防火;如果您在我们安排的行程外自由活动的话，请您记好下榻酒店的名称和方位，贵重物品保管好。

好啦!现在我们已到了下榻的酒店了，请各位拿好自己的行李物品进房，半小时后在大厅集合，午餐后正式开始我们的九华之旅，最后预祝各位九华之行圆满开心!!!