兵车行原文及翻译赏经典20篇

甲方：

乙方：

关于乙方接受甲方委托，进行资料翻译事宜，经甲乙双方同意，签订以下翻译合同。

1.翻译服务范围:乙方负责甲方__项目的所有宣传，产品资料的翻译工作，乙方负责安排专业翻译人员和外籍校对人员保障翻译质量。

2.交稿时间：甲，乙双方根据项目情况商议交稿时间，甲方尽量给足乙方翻译时间，具体时间按单项交接协议为准。

3.若甲方要求乙方加急翻译，甲方在原收费基础上加一倍支付翻译费，按协议字数计算。每小时要求翻译超过600字符数，则为加急件。(按电脑工具栏字数统计的

4.翻译类型为：英译中/中译英。

5. 字数计算：无论是英文翻译成中文，还是中文译成英文，均按电脑工具栏字数统计的

6.小件翻译:不足1000字超过500字按1000字计算，不足500字按1000字费用的50%计算。

7. 笔译价格(单位：RMB/千字)中译英

8.校正费用：甲方提供基本合乎翻译标准的资料，乙方的校正费用为(单位：RMB/千字正后所导致的翻译纠纷由双方承担。

9.翻译文件至少达到3000字可由乙方免费排版，低于3000字请由甲方自行排版。

10. 付款方式：每月月底根据交稿单的内容来统一核算乙方的翻译费用，每月号汇款到账。乙方账户：开户行帐号

11.甲方权利与义务

11.1、甲方向乙方提供翻译资料，作为乙方翻译的工作内容。

11.2、甲方向乙方保证所提供的文稿已取得版权或许可，文稿中没有任何容易引起刑事或民事纠纷的内容。文稿中对于不合理或违反中华人民共和国法律法规或国际法或国际惯例的服务要求，乙方有权予以拒绝。

11.3、甲方如对乙方译稿有异议，甲方有权在取稿之日起5日内向乙方提出修改意见，乙方应按甲方要求在规定的时间内免费进行修改、校对，直至甲方满意为止。稿件满意度以措辞准确，文句调理清楚，无官方翻译错误为准。

11.4、乙方应尽量避免翻译的偏差。因乙方翻译失误而引起损失，甲方有权追究其责任。因甲方提供材料失当导致的翻译错误应有甲方全权承担，因由乙方自身翻译失误所带来的经济损失由乙方承担印刷部分经济责任，并且甲方应当提供与印刷商合作的相关价目详表。

11.5、 甲方有权在任何时间要求乙方提供已累积翻译字数，并给予核实。

12. 乙方权利与义务

12.1、乙方有权要求甲方无偿提供相关背景资料。

12.2、乙方出于保密起见只负责保存原文和译文至发生款项付清为止,此后不得保留译稿和磁盘。 12.3、不管甲方的商业利润如何，乙方均有权获得翻译费。

12.4、乙方应该根据甲方要求，以下面的任何方式提供交稿文件：打印稿、电脑光盘、移动硬盘、E-mail。乙方翻译样稿所花费的纸质消费应由甲方承担。

12.5、乙方应按甲方要求的时间(不排除法定假日)提供翻译稿件，如乙方未能在指定时间完成翻译任务，甲方有权不支付任何价款，并有权追究因翻译延误给甲方造成的损失。

13. 原稿修改与补充：

如甲方原稿修改，而需乙方对译文作相应修改，根据修改程度酌量收取改稿费，或在收取原稿翻译费后，对修改稿按单价重新计费。如补充翻译，则另行收费。中止翻译：如甲方在乙方翻译过程中，要求中止翻译，甲方须根据乙方的翻译进度，按乙方已经翻译的字数，以协定的单价计算翻译费给乙方

14. 交稿方式:

乙方可根据具体需要，采取以下交稿方式中的任一种来交稿：打印稿、电脑软盘、传真、电子邮件。

15. 版权问题：

乙方对于甲方委托文件内容的版权问题不负责，由甲方负全责. 保密性:乙方遵守翻译职业道德，对其译文的保密性负责。

一、 违约责任

1、甲乙任何一方不按本合同书履行其职责和义务，则视为违约，另一方可以提出质疑并要求对方纠正，若对方不纠正，另一方可以提出经济赔偿或中止合同，赔偿金额不少于实际损失额，但在翻译总费用二倍之内。

2、本合同书中如有其它未尽事宜，双方协商解决。协商不成，据处理。本合同书与现行法律抵触之处，按现行法律规定处理。

3、如果因为不可抗拒的原因而不能执行本合同的全部或部分条款，甲乙双方无需负任何责任。

4、如甲方在乙方翻译过程中，要求中止翻译，甲方须根据乙方的翻译进度，按乙方已经翻译的字数，以协定的单价计算翻译费给乙方。

5、因乙方原因中止翻译，乙方必须按已消耗的时间占双方协定完成翻译时间的比例，乘以双方协定完成翻译总费用的金额作为对甲方时间损失的赔偿。

二、 争议解决方式

合同执行过程中如发生争议，双方应及时友好协商解决;协商不成时，双方可以向当地人民法院申诉。

三、 合同份数及有效期

1、本合同在双方的授权代表正式签署后，方可生效。

2、本协议一式两份。甲、乙双方各执一份，自签字盖章之日起生效。

3、本合同为双方长期合作合同，合同的终止以甲方书面通知为准。

甲方：(签章)    乙方：(签章)

时间：               时间;

(国家版权局 年 月)

(标准样式)

甲方(著作权人)： 地址：

乙方(出版者)： 国籍：

地址：(主营业所或住址)：

合同签订日期： 地点：

鉴于甲方拥有(作者姓名)(下称"作者)的作品(书名)(下称"作品")第(版次)的著作权，双方达成协议如下：

第一条 甲方授予乙方在保同有效期内，在(国家、地区)以图书形式用(文字)翻译 、出版 册(印数)上述作品译本(下称"译本"的专有使用权)。

第二条 甲方保证拥有第一条授予乙方的权利。如因上述权利的行使侵犯他人菱权，甲方 承担全部责任并赔偿因此给乙方造成的损失，乙方可以终止合同。

第三条 为翻译的目的，甲方应向乙方在 内提供上述作品的 本加工副本。

第四条 乙方根据本合同第十七条的规定，为获得出版译本的权利，向甲方支付报酬，支付方式为：

(一)版税： (货币单位)[译本定价 %(版税率) 销售数(或印数)];(例如文学作品8%，科技作品10%)或

(二)一次性付酬：(货币单位)(例如文学作品每千字20元，科技伤口每千字25元) 如果译本的最后定价高出预计定价，乙方应在译本出版后按%增加向甲方支付的报酬。

乙方在本合同签订后 月内，向甲方预付 %版税，其余版税开出版后第 月结算期分期支付，或在 月内一次付清。

第五条 乙方负责安排有资格和有能力的译者对作品进行准确性确的翻译，译者姓名和其资格证明应送交甲方，未经甲方事先书面同意，不得删节、增加或以其他方式修改 作.

第六条 有磁译本的质量问题，由甲乙双方商定。

第七条 乙方将作者的姓名标注在译本的封面、护封和扉页的显著位置，并注明："此版本(书名)系(乙方名称)与(甲方名称)于 年 月协议出版"。

第八条 乙方应于 年 月 日前出版译本。乙方因故未能按时出版，应在出版期限届满前 日通知甲方，双方另行约定出版日期。乙方支付愈期违约金，比例为 ，乙方在双方另行约定的出版日期仍不能出版，甲方可以终止合同，乙方应向甲方 赔偿损失，并支付违约金，比例为 。

第九条 译本一经出版，乙方应于 日前同甲方提供 本样书，并应尽力推销译本的复制品。

第十条 如果乙方希望增加 册(印数)， 年内乙方可以自行决定增加印数，但应将拟定议的印数和定价通知甲方，并于 日内按第四条规定的 方式向其支付报酬 。如果乙方未在译本脱销后 月内再次重印译本，授予的权利回归甲方。

第十一条 未经甲方事先书面同意，乙方不得行使除第一条规定的译本的其他任何权.

第十二条 未经甲方事先同意，乙方不得将所授予的翻译权许可任何第三方行使，译本也不得单独使用乙方自己的版本说明。

第十三条 如果乙方未在 日内支付本合同规定的报酬，如甲方不解除合同，乙方应继续履行合同支付报酬，并支付愈期违约金，比例为 ;如果方解除合同，乙方应赔偿损失，并支付违约金，比例为 。

第十四条 除本合同明确授予乙方的权利之外，作品的其他所有权利由甲方保留。乙方希望取得的权利，应在本合同中明确约定。

第十五条 甲方有权核查译本的印数。如甲方指定第三方核查，需提供授权委托书。如乙方隐瞒印数，除向甲方补齐应付报酬外，还应支付违约金并承担核查费用 。如核查结果与乙方提供的印数相符，核查费用由甲方承担。

第十六条 如果乙方违反了本合同的约定，又未能在甲方通知其 月内改正，或甲方已撤销不能履行的合同，本合同自动终止，授予乙方的翻译权回归甲方，乙方应向甲方赔偿损失，并支付违约金，比例为 。

第十七条 乙方委托 (银行)以 (票据)的方式向甲方支付报酬，并按 日中国国 家外汇管理局的外江苏排价折算成合同确定的币种支付。

第十八条 双方因合同的解释或履行发生争议，由双方协商解决。协商不成，由 (仲 裁机构)仲裁，或向(法院)捍诉讼。

中国仲裁机构为 仲裁委员会。

第十九条 因本合同引纷提起的仲裁或诉讼，适用《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》有关涉 外民事诉讼程序的特别规定。

第二十条 本合同以中、 (外国文字)两种文字写成，两种文字具有同等法律效力。

第二十一条 全同的变更、续签及其他为未尽事宜，由双方另行商定。

第二十二条 本合同自签字之日起生效，有效期为 年。

第二十三条 本合同一式两份，双方各执一份为凭。

甲方： 乙方：

(签章) (签章)

年 月 日 年 月 日

Teachers，good afternoon. Allow me to briefly talk about myself. My name is - Xianning graduated from the south gate of the private secondary schools. Tourism now studying at the school in Hubei Province.

Studying hotel management professional. I was a character，cheerful girl，so my hobbies is extensive. Sporty. In my spare time likes playing basketball， table tennis，volleyball，skating. When a person like the Internet at home，or a personal stereo. Not like too long immersed in the world of books，and family members have told me，Laoyijiege is the best. Talking about my family，then I will talk about my family has.

Only three people my family ， my grandmother ， grandfather and my own. My grandfather is a engineer，I am very severely on peacetime，the Church me a lot. Grandma is a very kindly for the elderly，care for my life in every possible way.

Therefore，I have no parents in their care，childhood and growth were full of joy. I like this hotel management professional，because I like to live in a strict order of the management environment.

I have my professional self-confidence and hope，as long as the efforts will be fruitful，this is my motto. Since I chose this profession，I will follow this path，effort，perseverance path. Thank you teachers. I finished presentation.

各位老师，下午好。请允许我简单介绍一下我自己。 我的名字叫——毕业于咸宁南门私立中学。 现就读于湖北省旅游学校。 学习饭店管理专业。

我是一个性格开朗的女孩子，所以我的兴趣爱好很广泛。热爱运动。在我闲暇的时候喜 欢打篮球，乒乓球，排球，溜冰。一个人在家的时候喜欢上网，或者听歌。不太喜欢太长时 间的沉浸在书的世界里，家人曾经告诉过我，劳逸结合是最好的。说到我的家人，那我就要 说说我的家庭了。

我家里只有三口人，我的奶奶，爷爷和我自己。我爷爷是个工程师，他平 时对我很严厉，教会我很多东西。奶奶是个很慈祥的老人，对我的生活照顾得无微不至。

所以没有父母的我在他们的照顾下，童年和成长都充满了快乐。 我喜欢酒店管理这个专业， 是因为我喜欢生活在一个有严格管理秩序的环境里。

我对我 的专业充满自信和希望， 只要努力， 就会有收获， 这是我的座右铭。 既然我选择了这个专业， 就会沿着我这条路，努力的，坚持不懈的走下去。 谢谢各位老师。我的介绍完毕。

委托方(甲方)： 受托方(乙方)：

依据蒙古国有关法律的规定,就甲方委托乙方进行翻译事项，经协商一致，签订本合同。

一、翻译服务的内容与要求

1.1.基本原则：

乙方根据甲方开展业务活动需要，进行现场口译及文字资料的翻译工作，并保质翻译的准确性，保障甲方在蒙古国东方省乔巴山市的农业项目开发活动顺利进展。

1.2.主要服务内容：

a.甲方可根据项目进展需要，要求乙方提供现场口译服务。

b.乙方应对甲方项目开发中的所有文字材料进行翻译。

二、工作条件和协作事项

甲方应向乙方提供公司的基本资料，乙方应向甲方提供资质证明复印件。

三、履行期限、地点和方式

自合同签订之日起，乙方应随时随地服从甲方的工作安排，提供翻译服务，

四、费用及其支付方式

甲方同意按时向乙方支付翻译服务费，费用标准为：口译每小时9000图，文字材料翻译每千字36000图。甲方须每月对乙方的服务费用进行结清。

五、保密事项

乙方承诺：涉及甲方商业秘密的内容，未经甲方同意，乙方不能泄露给无任何投资合作意向的第三方;未经甲方同意，乙方在完成文字翻译材料后不留存甲方属于商业秘密的技术文件与资料。

六、争议的解决

在执行本协议中所发生的或与本协议有关的一切争执，首先应由甲方和乙方友好协商解决。若协商不能解决，双方均可诉至当地法院寻求解决。

七、本合同自签订之日起生效。(此合同传真有效，修改无效)

甲方：乙方：

签字：签字：

电话：电话：

日期：年月日

I have a long braid, jiongjiongweishen eyes here has a high nose bridge. What annoys me is I have a big mouth, but the mother said: "can have a big mouth and blessing, tasted delicacies." So, I quite like my mouth.

I am a timid person, remember that the last story competition, is I to go to, my in the mind is scared! Story time my feet kept trembling, voice is more and more light, face more and more red, the red like a red apple.

I like to read story book... Stories in the book of small animals often Ill laugh, look happy, Ill laugh, watching the sad, I will sad with them.

This is me.

我有着一长辫子，炯炯有神的眼睛下面有一个高高的鼻梁。让我惹恼的是我有一张大大的嘴巴，不过，妈妈说：“嘴巴大，有福气，能尝遍山珍海味。”所以，我挺喜欢我的嘴巴的。

我是一个胆小的人，记得，上次讲故事比赛，是我去参加，我心里害怕极了!讲故事的时候我的脚不停的发抖，声音越来越轻，脸越来越红，最后红得像个红苹果。

我喜欢看故事书……故事书里的小动物常常把我逗笑，看得高兴的时候，我会捧腹大笑，看的伤心的时候，我会和他们一起难过。

这就是我。

翻译服务合同(口译)

甲方：

乙方：______翻译

甲乙双方经友好协商，就乙方为甲方提供 语口译服务达成协议如下：

1.期限

口译服务时间为 年  月 日 到  年 月 日，共 天。服务天数从乙方翻译人员与甲方人员见面的当天起（包含），到乙方翻译人员与甲方人员分手的当天为止（包含）。不足一天，也按一天计算。

2.服务地点及具体内容

3.口译费

每天人民币  元，共计人民币  元。

4.付款

签订本合同之后，乙方提供口译服务之前，甲方需向乙方预付人民币  元，余款完成口译任务后立即支付。

5.质量保证

乙方保证派遣人员符合口译要求，能为甲方提供圆满服务。

6.其它

本合同一式两份，甲乙双方各执一份。

甲方（盖章）：

代表签字：

乙方（盖章）：

代表签字：

日期：  年 月  日

甲方：

乙方：

关于乙方接受甲方委托，进行资料翻译事宜，经甲乙双方同意，签订以下翻译合同。

1. 稿件说明：

文稿名称：

翻译类型为：英译中/中译英

总翻译费为：

交稿时间：

2. 字数计算：

无论是外文翻译成中文。还是中文译成外文，都以汉字字数计价，按电脑工具栏字数统计的"字符数(不计空格)"为准。小件翻译:不足1000字按1000字计算。

3. 笔译价格(单位：RMB/千字)

中译英____元 英译中_____元。

4. 付款方式

签订合同之日甲方支付总翻译费的50%即人民币_____元，甲方接收译稿后3日内支付全部翻译费余款。

5. 翻译质量：

乙方翻译稿件需准确，通顺，简洁得体。一旦出现质量问题，乙方有义务无偿为甲方修改一到两次。力求满足甲方要求。如果因质量问题发生冲突，应该提请双方认可的第三方评判，或直接申请仲裁。

6. 原稿修改与补充：

如甲方原稿修改，而需乙方对译文作相应修改，根据修改程度酌量收取改稿费，或在收取原稿翻译费后，对修改稿按单价重新计费。如补充翻译，则另行收费。中止翻译：如甲方在乙方翻译过程中，要求中止翻译，甲方须根据乙方的翻译进度，按乙方已经翻译的字数，以协定的单价计算翻译费给乙方。

7. 交稿方式：

乙方可根据具体需要，采取以下交稿方式中的任一种来交稿：打印稿、电脑软盘、传真、电子邮件。

8. 版权问题：

乙方对于甲方委托文件内容的版权问题不负责，由甲方负全责. 保密性:乙方以翻译为业，遵守翻译职业道德，对其译文的保密性负责。

9. 其他：

本合同一式二份，双方各执一份，授权人签字，盖章生效。传真件有效。

甲方：(签章)  乙方：(签章)

甲方：______________

乙方：______________

依据《中华人民共和国民法典》规定，本着诚实信用、平等互利的原则，甲乙双方就甲方资料翻译服务一事，达成协议如下：

第一条：翻译内容

1.乙方将甲方提供的文件中的英文翻译为中文;具体文件以甲方给乙方的纸质文件或者电子版文件为准。

2.乙方应保证翻译人员的专业性和翻译稿件的准确性，认真做好翻译校对工作;

3.乙方按照甲方的文件格式进行排版，最终翻译稿以电子文件的方式提供给甲方。

4.乙方应保证其翻译稿件质量：忠实原文、译文准确。

第二条：翻译期限及费用

1.计价方式：按照翻译完成的中文(字符数不计空格)进行计价。

2.本次翻译单价为，翻译费总金额为：__________________元整。

3.翻译文件的交稿期限为：____________年_______月_______日。

4.甲方在签订合同当日支付翻译预付款_______元。

5.交稿时付清其余所有款项即_______元。甲方向乙方开具正式发票。

第三条：责任条款

1.如因甲方原因推迟提供给乙方翻译稿件或翻译的相关资料时间，受到的损失甲方承担。

2.甲方如对乙方译稿有异议，甲方有权在取稿之日起3日内，向乙方提出书面修改意见，乙方应按甲方要求在规定的时间内进行修改，直至甲方满意为止。

3.如乙方在翻译质量和完成工期方面不符合合同要求，甲方有权中止合同并视为乙方违约，乙方应退还甲方预付款，另外赔偿甲方预付款的作为违约金。

4.在乙方无违约的状况下，甲方应按约定及时付款，否则乙方有权要求甲方支付延迟付款天数乘以翻译费用总额作为赔偿;翻译进行过程中，如甲方提出中止翻译，预付金不予退回并按照已翻译文件比例支付相应翻译费。

第四条：其他条款

5.乙方应考虑甲方翻译内容的保密性。另签署的保密协议作为本协议的一部分，具有法律效力。

6.本协议未尽之事，双方协商解决;

7.本协议一式二份，传真件有效，甲乙双方各执一份，自双方盖章之日起一年内有效。

甲方(盖章)：_______________乙方(盖章)：_______________

负责人(签字)：_____________负责人(签字)：_____________

联系电话：_________________联系电话：_______________

地址：____________________地址：____________________

_______年_______月_______日_______年_______月_______日

英语专业翻译方向论文开题报告

how to deal with ellipsis in english-chinese translation

i. purpose and significance

with the development of globalization, the world’s political, economic and cultural communications are becoming increasingly frequent. therefore, the role of translation cannot be ignored. however, the differences between english and chinese cultures that are reflected in the two languages pose considerable difficulty.

it is acknowledged that when doing translation one can not translate word for word, or sentence by sentence. therefore, we must use some translation strategies such as amplification, ellipsis, conversion and so on. ellipsis as one of the basic translation methods plays an essential role in english-chinese rendition. translators apply it in order to make their versions more coherent and understandable.

according to the oxford advanced learner’s english-chinese dictionary, ellipsis means leaving out a word or words from a sentence deliberately, when the meaning can be understood without them. ellipsis in translation does not mean cutting some content from the original articles. what could be omitted are words that are useless in translated works or else they will make the versions redundant or disobey the manner of expression in another language.

some words and phrases are useless in chinese but necessary in english. articles in english are the most significant phenomenon from this aspect. they are very important in english, but we can hardly see any reflection of this part in chinese. ellipsis is designed on the basis of faithfulness to the original text, making it more fluent, smooth, concise, thus conforming to idiomatic chinese. the paper will explore ellipsis in english-chinese translation from five aspects, which are ellipses of pronouns, conjunctions, articles, prepositions, modifications, so as to achieve smoother and clearer communications among china and english-speaking countries.

ii. literature review

long before, some people began to learn other countries’ languages to understand others cultures. in china, xuanzang was the first translator who not only translated the sanskrit sutras into chinese, but introduced the first chinese writings to foreign countries, making foreigners understand china’s ancient culture. meanwhile, he was the first to translate lao tses works into sanskrit. indian scholars had a high opinion of xuanzang, "in china, there is no such great translator, and also in the human cultural history, we can only say that xuanzang is the first great translator."(ye lang, ) we can say that it was xuanzang who motivated people to know the different parts of the world, their cultures and the peoples who live there. then, some big countries such as america, china, and so on became a melting pot.(gu zhengkun, ) people have imperceptibly spent thousands of years in knowing each other.

with china’s entry into wto and its open-up policy, cross-cultural exchanges are increasingly frequent between this country and others. a lot of foreign tourists come to visit china. while traveling, these foreigners are not satisfied with the translations of the scenic spots. sometimes, they even feel confused. a lot of problems exist in the translation, such as misuse of words, poor expression of meaning and so on. all of these poor translations do harm to our country’s international image, and cause a lot of inconveniences for the foreign visitors. (ma zuyi, ). i am fond of tourism and being a free tourist like the others who are good at enjoying their wonderful lives. the love of tourism makes me feel the need to improve the translation. but every time when i have a trip, many unsuitable translations of the names of those scenic spots will embarrass me. tourism is part of intercultural communication, so proper translation of the scenic spots become more and more important to our country.

communication plays a significant role in the globalized society. in order to know each other better, people from all over the world have tried a verity of ways. of course, translation is one of them. all translators have done their best to make the translated works more consistent with the needs of people.(gu jinming, 1997) from my perspective, they really have done a great job. and i want to retrospect the cause of their development. after a thorough evaluation, i choose a branch of translation—ellipsis in translation from english to chinese, then i did the following jobs.

i put all my researches and other stuffs together, and then i found that it is a common case in english and chinese which draws much academic interest. in 1976, halliday and hsan classified ellipsis into nominal, verbal and clausal ellipsis. this classification exerts great influence in academic circle. thereafter, ellipsis in chinese and english has been studied according to this theory, which is based on different layers of structure. this kind of study underlines differentiations and similarities of ellipsis in chinese and english.

another famous theory to explain ellipsis is economy principle. economy principle was put forward by chomsky (1991,1993, and 1995) in his generate crammer. it maintains that language and linguistic study follow economy principle, which means using the least effort to express the most information. this principle just coincides with ellipsis in function.

in this thesis, i think that brevity is the most obvious and common function of ellipsis, especially in daily language. and in both english and chinese, people advocate brevity. shakespeare once remarked, “brevity is the soul of wit”, and in chinese there are numerous idioms like “yan jian yi gai” (meaning compendious). however, apart from the function of brevity, ellipsis embodies other functions which are also pretty common in the two languages but less noticed.(hua xianfa,)these functions distribute in both english and chinese unevenly and represent great colorfulness of language. exploring other functions of ellipsis and searching for functional recreation in translation will be of much benefit to both english to chinese and chinese to english translation.

i found that when chinese authors try to analyse ellipsis in english to chinese translation, they always initially put articles in the list. they consider that it is a common phenomenon that chinese always leave out personal articles. while it is obviously different in english that almost every sentence has a subject, we can see articles fluently. that is because when we translate from english to chinese, personal articles can be omitted, even though sometimes it may appear once, it can also be omitted if necessary. furthermore, if the objects can be seen obviously, personal articles should also be omitted. however, it never happens in english. from this point, it is not only allowable but also necessary when we translate personal articles which are objects in sentences into chinese.

in my point of view, the development of society has in some way has deliberately promoted the way of people’s thinking, translation system has become more and more perfect, people from all over the world have enjoyed the convenience. however, we can not neglect that there are still some problems in this field in china, and we have less influential chinese translators in the world. therefore, we still have a long way to go in translation.

iii. feasibility analysis

this academic paper is a feasible project and the reasons are as follows:

1.i have great interests in the way of english-chinese translation.

2.i have already studied translation methods and have been familiar with the functions and applications of ellipsis .

3.i have collected enough references both chinese and western on ellipsis in

translation and do a scrupulous study of the relationship between them.

4.i have a carefully planned schedule and have worked out a detailed outline of this thesis.

5.i have acquainted myself with the correct format, a clear and complete structure required by the academic paper, and my adequate english competence will enable me to write in fluent and precise english.

6.my instructor is a qualified translator who is familiar with the subject i havechosen.

iv. problems of the research and solutions

1. problems

despite the references i have collected and read, a thorough study of ellipsis in english-chinese translation from the point of freely using still needs far more. what’s more, owing to the limited ways of getting references in xinjiang, i will have to make full use of my present resources. also, this is the first time i have ever written such a serious academic paper. i am therefore a learner and lack the needed training and experience.

2. solutions

(1) i shall make full use of my already acquired references which come from books, magazines and the internet as well.

(2) i shall value my own original thoughts and mainly rely on detailed analysis that i have read from the books which have closely idea with my purpose.

(3) when i have difficulties in the writing process, i shall consult my instructor and seek for help.

v. necessary conditions

1. our university and school of foreign languages have provided the basic study and research conditions and facilities, including books and journals in the library and reading rooms.

2. the internet is another source of information and on the campus we have easy access to the internet.

3. i have been assigned an instructor to guide me through the whole process of planning and writing.

vi. outline

i. introduction

a. a brief introduction of ellipsis in translation

b. what should we pay attention to when dealing with ellipsis

c. the reason why ellipsis is so widely used in translation

1. chinese expressions are much briefer than that of english

2. english grammar is wee-knit and complete in sentence structure

ii. the principles of ellipsis

a. omitted words must be useless and unnecessary in the translated works

b. the meaning of the omitted words is implied in the test

c. omitted words which are self-evident

ш. the functions and applications of ellipsis

a. the coherence of the meaning of expression

b. the coincidence of the manner of expression

1. ellipsis of articles

a. ellipsis of definite articles

b. ellipsis of indefinite articles

2. ellipsis of prepositions

3. ellipsis of pronouns

a. ellipsis of personal and impersonal pronouns

b. ellipsis of indefinite pronouns

c. ellipsis of relative pronouns

4. ellipsis of conjunctions

a. ellipsis of coordinating conjunctions

b. ellipsis of subordinate conjunctions

5. ellipsis of rhetoric

a. ellipsis of repeated words

b. ellipsis of synonyms

Hello everyone! Welcome to Badaling scenic spot for sightseeing. Im veryglad to accompany you today. I hope you can have a good time in Badaling.

The Great Wall is a magnificent defensive building in ancient China. Itstarts from Shanhaiguan in the East and ends at Jiayuguan in the west, and runsacross the north of China. Winding more than 12000 Li, it is famous for the"Great Wall". It was listed in the world cultural heritage list in 1987. It iscalled "the longest defensive wall in the world" by experts and scholars.

The first time that China built the Great Wall was in the spring and AutumnPeriod in the 7th century BC, and the earliest country to build the Great Wallwas the state of Chu. The great wall of the state of Chu is called "Fangcheng"in historical records, with a length of nearly a thousand li. Qi was also one ofthe earliest states to build the Great Wall. The great wall of Qi started fromPingyin in Shandong Province in the West and entered the sea in the East. It isthe most preserved site of the Great Wall in the spring and Autumn period.

Qin Shihuang was born in 220 BC__ After the unification of China in 1949,the old Great Wall in the north of Qin, Zhao and Yan was first repaired. At thecost of "building a city of thousands of miles and building a people ofthousands of miles", he began to build the Great Wall, which is more than 7000kilometers long, from Lintao in the west to Liaodong in the East. Since then,the Great Wall has stood in the east of the world, experiencing thousands ofyears of wind, frost, rain and snow.

In the early Western Han Dynasty, in order to resist aggression and protectthe newly developed "Silk Road". It has built a great wall of more than 10000kilometers from Lop Nor in Xinjiang in the west to Liaodong in the East. This isalso the longest Great Wall in the history of our country.

After the establishment of Ming Dynasty, it faced the threat of Mongoliaand Jurchen. From the beginning of Zhu Yuanzhang, General Xu Da was sent northto build the Great Wall. Until the end of Ming Dynasty, it was overhauled 18times, lasting more than 260 years. Until Hongzhi 20__ In, it was completed fromthe Yalu River in the east to Jiayuguan in the West. Through Liaoning, Hebei,Beijing, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Gansu and other provinces andautonomous regions. The Great Wall is more than 12700 Li long. And along theGreat Wall is divided into nine defense areas, known as "nine sides and ninetowns". Moreover, in many important pass areas, especially in the north ofBeijing City, multiple walls were built. These are the Badaling Great Wall wesee now.

The scale of the Great Wall built in the Qin, Han and Ming Dynasties is thelargest compared with other dynasties. So the three construction climaxes inhistory are the Qin Dynasty, the Han Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty.

Now, let me introduce the Badaling Great Wall. Badaling Great Wall islocated in Yanqing County, northwest of Beijing. It is the best preservedsection of the Great Wall in Beijing with the best engineering quality and themost rigorous structure. This section of the great wall takes the urn city asthe center, reaching the seventh floor in the South and the twelfth floor in thenorth, with a total length of 4770 meters. It is the only channel leading to theoutside of the Great Wall in Beijing area and the front position of Juyongguan.From here, you can reach Yongning and Sihai in the East, Xuanhua and Datong inthe west, Jingcheng in the south, Yanqing in the north and Badaling in alldirections. Badaling pass was built in 1520__ The city is 7.5 meters high and 4meters thick. There is a plaque on each of the East and West gates, with "JuyongWai Town" in the East and "north gate lock key" in the West. At the entrance ofGuancheng, there is a cannon with a length of 2.85 meters and a caliber of 10.5cm, which is called "Shenwei general". Now lets look at the wall of the GreatWall in Badaling. This section of the city wall is about 5.8 meters narrow atthe top and 6.5 meters wide at the bottom. It consists of four basic structures.1、 City wall, two, city tower, three, pass, four, beacon tower. There is aticket door in the wall and a stone ladder in the middle. The top can hold 5horses in parallel. Beacon tower is also known as beacon, beacon, wolf Yantai.It is independent of the city wall, almost every other mile there is a, composedof the Great Wall defense alarm system.

Whenever enemy troops invade, the beacon towers burn beacon fires to conveymilitary information. Burning smoke during the day is called beacon. At night afire is called a flint. And because wolf dung is often used as fuel, the smokeis high and hard to dissipate, so it is also called "wolf smoke". Moreover, itwas stipulated in the Ming Dynasty. More than 100 of the invading soldiers lit acigarette and fired a gun, about 500 soldiers fired two cigarettes and two guns,more than 1000 soldiers fired three cigarettes and three guns, more than 5000soldiers fired four cigarettes and four guns, if more than 10000 soldiers wereinvolved, five cigarettes and five guns.

From Badaling to the south is the famous Xiongguan, Juyong Pass. JuyongPass is one of the most famous passes of the great wall and an important barrierto the northwest of ancient Beijing. It got its name from Qin Shihuangsconstruction of the Great Wall. That is to say, the prisoners and the people whohave been punished in the palace are caught here to let them build the GreatWall. And lived. Juyongguan was called juyongsai in Han Dynasty and junduguan inSui Dynasty. When it was rebuilt in the Ming Dynasty, it became the strongestsection of the Ming Great Wall. There are both military headquarters andadministrative organizations here. Juyong Pass in ancient times was also lushwith extraordinary scenery. Juyong jucui, one of the eight famous scenic spotsin Yanjing, refers to this place. In addition, there are many places ofinterest, such as Yang LIULANGs Shuanmazhuang, Mu Guiyings dianjiangtai, andbaifengzhong, where dragons and phoenixes play. Not only that, but also JuyongGuanzhong has a white jade platform, called Yuntai, which was built in 1345.Because there were three Tibetan pagodas built on the stage and the couponsunder the stage, it was originally called "crossing the street pagoda". In theearly Ming Dynasty, the pagoda was destroyed, and then the Taian temple wasbuilt. In the early Qing Dynasty, the temple was destroyed again, and now thereare only pillar bases and watchposts. There are also six kinds of seal cuttingscriptures in Sanskrit, Tibetan and basiba on the inner wall, which areimportant objects for studying ancient Chinese characters.

Having said so much, let me tell you a story to relax. The name of thestory is called "Meng Jiangnu crying the Great Wall". Its about Qin Shihuangbuilding the Great Wall. At that time, in order to speed up the project, itbegan to draw civil servants from all over the country. Meng Jiangnus husband,fan Qiliang, was also transferred to build the Great Wall soon after herwedding.

In the twinkling of an eye, three years later, fan Qiliang never heard fromhim. Meng Jiangnu couldnt eat well and sleep well. Suddenly, one night. MengJiangnu had a dream that her husband was hungry and cold, and his clothes didntcover her body. She kept shouting "Im cold, Im hungry!" Meng Jiangnu woke upand decided to go to her husband, and brought him dry food and warm clothes. Allthe way along the Great Wall in search of his husband. She went to Shanhaiguanto find out that many people had died to build the Great Wall. Her husband, fanQiliang, was also tired to death and buried under the Great Wall. This news islike a bolt from the blue, Meng Jiangnu immediately began to cry, crying earthshaking, sections of the great wall collapsed, eight hundred miles long. Now theproject manager was in a hurry to report to Qin Shihuang who was coming here toinspect the progress of the project. The first emperor of Qin sent someone toarrest Meng Jiangnu to find out the reason. After seeing her, Qin Shihuang wasfascinated by her beauty and insisted on calling her "empress Zhenggong".Although Meng Jiangnu was full of anger, she still held down her hatred and hadan idea. She had to ask Qin Shihuang to agree to her three conditions before shecould become the "Empress of the palace". The first is to find the body of hishusband fan Qiliang; the second is to hold a state funeral for his husband; andthe third is to ask the first emperor of Qin to wear mourning and flag for fanQiliang. After listening to the three conditions proposed by Meng Jiangnu, thefirst emperor of Qin thought for a moment. In order to get the beautiful MengJiangnu, he insisted. Meng Jiangnu, wearing filial piety, paid homage to thetomb of fan Zhaliang, who died for the construction of the city. Her longcherished wish was fulfilled. Facing the rolling Bohai Sea, she jumped up andthrew herself into the sea.

At the end of the story, do you think Qin Shihuang is fatuous andoverbearing? Lets ignore him first. Start climbing the great wall and be ahero!!

大家好!欢迎大家到八达岭景区观光旅游。今天有幸陪同大家一起参观，我很高兴，希望各位能在八达岭度过一段美好的时光。

长城是我们古代一项极为雄伟的防御性建筑，它东起山海关，西至嘉峪关，横贯我国北部。婉蜒一万两千多里，故以“万里长城”闻名于世。并于1987年被列入《世界文化遗产名录》。被专家学者们称为“世界上最长的防御性城墙”。

中国最早修建长城是在公元前7世纪的春秋时期，最早修筑长城的国家是楚国。楚国长城在历史文献记载上称作“方城”，长度近千里。齐国也是诸侯国中修筑长城较早的国家，齐长城西起山东平阴，东入大海。是春秋时期长城中遗址保存最多的。

秦始皇于公元前220__年统一中国后，先修缮了秦、赵、燕三国北部的部分旧长城。并开始以“修万里城，筑万里人”的代价修建西起临洮、东到辽东，长达7000多千米的长城。从此万里长城巍然屹立于世界的东方，经历千百年的风霜雨雪。

西汉初期，为了抵御侵略和保护新开发的“丝绸之路”。修筑了西起新疆罗布泊，东到辽东，长达一万多千米的长城。这也是我国历史上最长的一条长城。

明朝建立后，面对蒙古和女真的威胁。从朱元璋开始就派大将徐达北上修筑长城。直到明朝灭亡，先后大修十八次，历时260余年。直到弘治20__年，才完成了东起鸭绿江边，西到嘉峪关。途经辽宁、河北、北京、山西、陕西、内蒙古、宁夏、甘肃等省市自治区。全长12700多里的长城。并把长城沿线划分为九个防御区域，称为“九边九镇”。而且还在许多重要关隘地区，特别是北京城的北面，修筑了多重城墙。这些就是我们现在所看到的八达岭长城了。

秦、汉、明三朝在历史上修筑长城的规模，相比其他朝代来讲是最大的。所以说在历史上的三次修筑高潮就是秦朝、汉朝、明朝。

现在，我就来介绍一下八达岭长城。八达岭长城位于北京西北部的延庆县，是北京地区长城中保存最完好，工程质量最佳，结构最严谨的一段。这段长城以瓮城为中心，南至七楼，北到十二楼，全长4770米。它是北京地区通向塞外的唯一通道，是居庸关的前沿阵地。由此地东可到永宁、四海，西可到宣化、大同，南可抵京城，北可通延庆，四通八达，所以叫做八达岭。八达岭关城建于1520__年，城高7.5米，厚4米。东西两门各有一块牌匾，东为“居庸外镇”，西为“北门锁钥”。关城入口处有一尊长2.85米，口径10.5厘米的大炮名叫“神威大将军”。现在请大家看八达岭这段长城的城墙。这段城墙上窄下宽，上窄约5.8米，下宽约6.5米。分别由四种基本构造构成。一、城墙，二、城台，三、关隘，四、烽火台。墙内有券门，中间有石梯相连。顶部可容5匹马并行。烽火台又称烽堠、烽燧、狼烟台。它独立于城墙之外，几乎每隔一里就有一座，组成了万里长城的防御报警系统。

每当有敌兵进犯的时候，烽火台就燃烽火，传递军情。白天燃烟称烽。夜晚举火称燧。又因为经常用狼粪做燃料，烟飘的高又不易消散，所以也叫做“狼烟”。而且，在明朝规定。来犯敌兵百余人点一烟放一炮，五百人左右两烟两炮，千余人以上三烟三炮，五千人以上四烟四炮，如果事万人以上，五烟五炮。

从八达岭一直向南，就是著名的雄关——居庸关了。居庸关是万里长城最有名的关隘之一，为古代北京西北的重要屏障。以秦始皇修长城“徙居庸徒于此”而得名。也就是说把囚犯、和受过宫刑的人，抓到这里来让他们修长城。并且居住了下来。居庸关在汉朝时叫居庸塞，隋朝叫军都关。到了明朝重新修筑后，成了明长城中最坚固的一段。这里既有军事指挥部、又有行政管理机构。古时的居庸关同样林木葱郁，景致非凡，著名的燕京八景之一“居庸叠翠”指的就是这里了。除此之外还有许多名胜古迹，象杨六郎的栓马桩、穆桂英的点将台、游龙戏凤的白凤冢等七十二处名胜。不但如此，而且居庸关中还有一座始建于1345年的汉白玉高台，人称云台。因台上曾建有3座藏式佛塔，台下为券门，故原称“过街塔”。明初佛塔被毁，后又建泰安寺。清朝前期，寺又被毁，现仅有柱础和望柱。内壁还留有用梵文、藏文、八思巴文等6种文字篆刻的经文，是研究我国古代文字的重要实物。

说了这么多了，下面我给大家讲一个故事来放松一下。故事的名字呢就叫做“孟姜女哭长城”。说的是秦始皇修筑长城的事。当时为了加快工程速度，又开始在全国各地抽调民夫。孟姜女的丈夫范杞梁在新婚不久，也被抽调去充当修长城的民夫了。

转眼三年过去了，范杞梁杳无音信，急得孟姜女吃不好睡不香。突然，有一天夜里。孟姜女做梦，梦到他的丈夫饥寒交迫，衣不遮体，还不停的喊“我冷啊，我饿呀!”孟姜女惊醒后决定去找丈夫，并给他带上了干粮和御寒的衣服。一路沿着长城寻找他的丈夫。她四处打听，走到山海关才知道，为修长城死了很多人，丈夫范杞梁也被累死了，并埋在长城下，尸骨都找不到。这一消息如同晴天霹雳，孟姜女顿时就伤心地痛哭起来，哭得惊天动地，长城一段段的倒塌，足有八百里长。这下可急坏了工程总管，急忙去报告正来此巡查工程进展的秦始皇。秦始皇赶忙派人把孟姜女抓来寻问根由。当见到之后，秦始皇却被她的美貌迷住了，非要封她为"正宫娘娘"。孟姜女虽然怒火满腔，但还是压住心头仇恨，灵机一动，将计就计地非要秦始皇答应她三个条件，之后才能当"正宫娘娘"。一要找到丈夫范杞梁的尸体;二要为其丈夫举行国葬;三要秦始皇为范杞梁披麻戴孝、打幡送葬。秦始皇听罢孟姜女提的三个条件，思索片刻，为了得到貌美如花的孟姜女，便硬着头皮答应下来，孟姜女戴着孝拜了为筑城而死的范札梁坟墓后，宿愿已偿，面对滚滚的渤海，纵身一跃，投海自尽了。

故事讲完了，大家觉得秦始皇是不是昏庸霸道?咱们先不管他怎么样。开始登长城做好汉吧!!

依据蒙古国有关法律的规定,就甲方委托乙方进行翻译事项，经协商一致，签订本合同。

一、翻译服务的内容与要求

1.1.基本原则：

乙方根据甲方开展业务活动需要，进行现场口译及文字资料的翻译工作，并保质翻译的准确性，保障甲方在蒙古国东方省乔巴山市的农业项目开发活动顺利进展。

1.2.主要服务内容：

a.甲方可根据项目进展需要，要求乙方提供现场口译服务。

b.乙方应对甲方项目开发中的所有文字材料进行翻译。

二、工作条件和协作事项

甲方应向乙方提供公司的基本资料，乙方应向甲方提供资质证明复印件。

三、履行期限、地点和方式

自合同签订之日起，乙方应随时随地服从甲方的工作安排，提供翻译服务，

四、费用及其支付方式

甲方同意按时向乙方支付翻译服务费，费用标准为：口译每小时 9000 图，文字材料翻译每千字 36000 图。甲方须每月对乙方的服务费用进行结清。

五、保密事项

乙方承诺：涉及甲方商业秘密的内容，未经甲方同意，乙方不能泄露给无任何投资合作意向的第三方;未经甲方同意，乙方在完成文字翻译材料后不留存甲方属于商业秘密的技术文件与资料。

六、争议的解决

在执行本协议中所发生的或与本协议有关的一切争执，首先应由甲方和乙方友好协商解决。若协商不能解决，双方均可诉至当地法院寻求解决。

七、本合同自签订之日起生效。(此合同传真有效，修改无效)

甲方： 乙方：

签字： 签字：

电话： 电话：

日期： 年 月 日 日期： 年 月 日

甲方：______________

乙方：______________

关于甲方委托乙方进行资料翻译事宜甲、乙双方在平等、互利、自愿原则上，经协商签订本合同，共同信守。为明确甲、乙双方的权利和义务，经友好协商，达成如下协议：

一、甲方向乙方提供有关书籍、资料，作为乙方翻译的参考资料。

二、甲方向乙方保证其提供的文稿已取得版权许可；文稿中没有任何容易引起刑事或民事的内容。文稿中对于不合理或违反中华人民共和国法律法规或国际法或国际惯例的服务要求，乙方将予以拒绝。

四、乙方有权要求甲方无偿提供相关背景资料。

五、乙方应保证其翻译稿件质量：忠实原文、译文准确；语句通顺、全文流畅。甲方应理解以下可能出现的情况：翻译中存在可译与不可译、两种语言中没有意义绝对相同的两个词、同一语言中没有意义绝对相同的词，以及各语言或同一语言中表达方式的无限多样性等问题，因而翻译总有偏失等现象；作为译者，应该尽可能减少这种偏失，甲方不能因对某些词的择取而拒稿，任何争议，双方应以商讨方式解决。

六、乙方遵守翻译职业道德，对其译文的准确性和对内容的保密性负责，（还可根据需要签订详细的保密协议）不负与此文件有关联的任何其他责任。不管甲方的商业利润如何，乙方均有权获得翻译费。

七、结款方式及翻译价格以客户委托单为准。

八、乙方需按规定日期将相关背景资料及译文文本完整归还甲方。

九、如因甲方原因推迟提供给乙方翻译稿件或翻译的相关资料时间，受到的损失由甲方承担。

十、如甲方原稿修改，而需乙方对译文作相应修改，根据修改程度酌量收取改稿费，或在收取原稿翻译费后，对修改稿按单价重新计费。如补充翻译，则另行_____。对于原稿以其它方式订稿，即不以原文的形式订稿，需进行重新核查或修改的，应根据程度收取费用。

十一、甲乙双方在合作过程中，如遇问题，应经过友好协商解决。

十二、本协议一式两份。甲、乙双方各执一份，自签字盖章之日起生效。

客户委托单

客户名称

地址

联系人

电话：

EMAIL

翻译服务

其他服务

翻译内容

翻译内容

开始日

开始日

结束日

结束日

翻译量

翻译量

单价

单价

应付金额

应付金额

预付金额

预付金额

付款期限

完成工作当日付清全款

付款期限

完成工作当日付清全款

合计

(大写金额)：   (小写金额)：

付款方式

现金( )支票( )邮寄汇款( )银行转账( )

账号：

单位名称：

银行：

客户其它要求

1

2

交稿方式

E-mail: 软盘:光盘打印稿:

甲方：______________ 乙方：____________

代表：______________ 代表：____________

日期：______________ 日期：____________

Dear Sir，

I am very glad to recommend Mr. LIN to your graduate study at your school.

Mr. LIN has been a research assistant in the financial crisis of science commission since nine month， and his main responsibilities include collecting information， analyzing and translating.He is a young man full of enthusiasm and progress， with great potential.LIN teachers are not only good at learning， they are good at solving problems， and have logical thinking， which can effectively analyze difficulties.All the work handed to him was consummated.In fact， he was so reliable that I assigned him a heavy responsibility.With his help， I can spend more time writing research papers.I really think Im lucky to have such an able assistant.

I am sure that his diligence， coupled with good ability and pleasant personality， will enable him to achieve academic success in future academic pursuits.I highly recommend his admission without any reservations.

Best regards.

亲爱的先生:

我很高兴向你推荐先生在你学校的研究生学习。

自**年**月以来，先生一直是*科学委员会金融危机的研究助理，他的主要职责包括收集信息、分析和翻译。他是一个充满热情和进步的年轻人，有着极高的潜力。**老师不仅善于学习，善于解决难题，而且有逻辑思维，能有效地分析困难。所有交给他的工作都圆满完成了。事实上，他是如此的可靠，我给他分配了沉重的责任。在他的帮助下，我可以花更多的时间来写研究论文。我真的认为我很幸运有这样一位能干的助手。

我确信他的勤奋，加上良好的能力和令人愉快的个性，将使他在以后的学术追求中获得学术成就。我强烈推荐他的入学，没有任何保留。

谨致问候。

甲方：

乙方：___

关于乙方接受甲方委托，进行资料翻译事宜，经甲乙双方同意，签订以下翻译合同。

1. 稿件说明：

文稿名称：

翻译类型为：英译中/中译英

总翻译费为：

交稿时间：

2. 字数计算：

无论是外文翻译成中文。还是中文译成外文，都以汉字字数计价，按电脑工具栏字数统计的"字符数(不计空格)"为准。小件翻译:不足1000字按1000字计算。

3. 笔译价格(单位：RMB/千字)

中译英____元 英译中_____元。

4. 付款方式

签订合同之日甲方支付总翻译费的50%即人民币_____元，甲方接收译稿后3日内支付全部翻译费余款。

5. 翻译质量：

乙方翻译稿件需准确，通顺，简洁得体。一旦出现质量问题，乙方有义务无偿为甲方修改一到两次。力求满足甲方要求。如果因质量问题发生冲突，应该提请双方认可的第三方评判，或直接申请仲裁。

6. 原稿修改与补充：

如甲方原稿修改，而需乙方对译文作相应修改，根据修改程度酌量收取改稿费，或在收取原稿翻译费后，对修改稿按单价重新计费。如补充翻译，则另行收费。中止翻译：如甲方在乙方翻译过程中，要求中止翻译，甲方须根据乙方的翻译进度，按乙方已经翻译的字数，以协定的单价计算翻译费给乙方。

7. 交稿方式：

乙方根据具体需要，采取以下交稿方式中的任一种来交稿：打印稿、电脑软盘、传真、电子邮件。

8. 版权问题：

乙方对于甲方委托文件内容的版权问题不负责，由甲方负全责. 保密性:乙方以翻译为业，遵守翻译职业道德，对其译文的保密性负责。

9. 其他：

本合同一式二份，双方各执一份，授权人签字，盖章生效。传真件有效。

甲方：(签章)

乙方：(签章)xx有限公司

年月日

内容：确定翻译文本（选材原因、文体特点）

在上周老师的讲话中，我了解到实际中的翻译项目一般都是规定在有限的时间内，由一个翻译工作坊（工作组）共同完成。分工完成后的译稿还需由一名负责人润色，这样可以达到风格的一致性，而且术语会更丰富一些。遵照老师的建议，我们班的同学几乎都已经分好小组。我们小组也不例外，已经准备好模拟真正的翻译工作坊，全力以赴，争取顺利完成实习。

首先，我们小组要做的第一件事就是要确定翻译文本。经过了一番小讨论和一段小插曲后，我们决定选择《MediaNow》作为英翻中的内容，《商务礼仪》作为中翻英的材料。今天我们在图书馆查阅资料的时候，发现可以翻译的东西很多，其实这些都可以作为我们平时自学的材料。根据规定，无论是中翻英、还是英翻中，内容材料必须保证Native，拿到《MediaNow》这本书的时候，我们四个人对此都很感兴趣。我们渴望多了解一些关于媒体新闻、文化与技术的信息，而且我们发现这本由清华大学出版社于20xx年出版的书很与时俱进，内容丰富，涵盖面广，有实景、照片、图表。最终，我们小组决定翻译“全球媒介”章节，我们觉得话语很客观，内容新颖，也有我们想了解的信息和不认识的术语，通过查阅我们一定都能有所收获。我想，经过这次翻译我们一定能更深刻、更用心的了解西方文化。

汉译英的材料是《商务礼仪》。我们小组一致认为，今后走向社会所面临问题的第一大问题就是商务场合所必备的社交礼仪和行为规范。这在商务成长路上不可忽视，将我们想了解的知识翻译成英文，对我们学懂商务礼仪和提高翻译能力都是有利的。

Hello! My name is Emily.

Im a beautiful girl. I have a black hair, two big eyes, a nose and a pink mouth.

My favorite colour is yellow.

I come from China. I speak Chinese.

l have a happy family.They are my father, my mother, my grandmother, my grandfather and me.

l want to make friend with you. And you?

翻译服务合同(笔译)

甲方：

乙方：

甲乙双方经友好协商，就乙方为甲方提供翻译服务达成协议如下：

1.标的

2.期限

乙方须在  年  月  日前交付完成第1条规定的译稿。

3.译稿的交付形式

译稿可以磁盘、电子邮件、传真或打印形式交付。打印费为贰元/张，打印费为  元。如需送稿，送稿费为  元。

4.翻译费和排版设计费

以中文为基础确定翻译费。对于可用电脑确定字数的翻译，单价为每千字人民币 元，总字数为  ，翻译费为   ，翻译费=单价_________总字数/1000。 字数为word文件中，菜单“工具”的“字数统计”的“字符数（不计空格）”所显示的数字。当原稿为复印件、传真件等，无法由计算机统计字数时，单价为 元/页， 原稿页数为  ，翻译费为  元。翻译完成后，乙方根据本条款计算出翻译费。

排版设计费为   元。

5.总价

总价为翻译费、排版设计费、打印费和送稿费的合计，为   元。

6.定金

为保证本合同的履行，在签订本合同的同时， 甲方须向乙方支付定金  元。翻译完成后，定金作为总价的一部分，折抵总价款。

7.付款

当甲方支付第5条规定的总价款后，乙方即交付译稿。

8.质量保证

9.保密条款

乙方承诺，除乙方工作人员因翻译需要接触甲方文件外，不向任何第三方泄露甲方文件的内容。否则，甲方有权追究乙方因泄密而导致的法律责任。

10.文本份数

本合同一式两份，双方各执一份，具有同等法律效力。

11.其它

甲方

代表签字：

盖章：

日期：

乙方

代表签字：

盖章：

日期：

Hello! My name is . My English name is Joy. Im years old. Im a happy girl. I have a happy family. My father and my mother are both office workers. Theyre busy. But at weekends, they always cook nice food for me. Im happy in the family. I love my parents and they love me very much.

Im a student at Dongzhou Middle School. It is very big and beautiful. There are many classroom buildings and office buildings. Besides the buildings, there is a big playground. After school, there are lots of boys playing basketball on it. I think they are happy. There are a lot of flowers and trees in my school. They are beautiful. I like my school. In my school, I have many friends. All my friends are polite and helpful. My friends are all nice to me. They can make me happy. So I like playing with them.

My hobbies are listening to music and reading. I like pop music very much. I dislike sports because Im not strong. Its hard for me.

I have a happy family, a beautiful school and many nice friends. I enjoy every day.

翻译

你好!我的名字叫。我的英文名字叫快乐。我XX岁。我是一个快乐的女孩。我有一个幸福的家庭。我的父亲和母亲都是上班族。他们很忙。但是在周末,他们经常煮好吃的给我。在家庭中我很高兴。我爱我的父母,他们非常爱我。

我是一名学生在东洲中学，它是非常大又非常美丽的。有很多教室建筑和办公大楼。除了建筑,有一个大操场。放学后,有很多男生打篮球，我觉得他们很快乐。有许多花和树在我的学校。他们是美丽的。我喜欢我的学校。在我的学校,我有很多朋友。我所有的朋友都礼貌和乐于助人。我的朋友对我都很好。他们让我觉得很开心，所以我喜欢和他们一起玩。

我的爱好是听音乐和阅读。我非常喜欢流行音乐。我不喜欢运动因为我不坚强。这对我来说是困难的。

我有一个幸福的家庭,一个漂亮的学校和许多好朋友。我喜欢每一天。

Dear Mrs. Hackett,

My niece, He Xia, has written to tell me how very kind you have been to her during her stay in Washington.

Li Hong and I deeply appreciate your courtesy, and we hope to have the opportunity of reciprocating when you are in Beijing.

With many thanks to you for entertaining He Xia so generously.

Sincerely yours,

He Yi

[译文]

亲爱的哈科特夫人：

我的侄女何霞来信说，她在华盛顿逗留期间，你们对她非常友好。

我和李宏深深感谢你们的好意。希望在你们来北京的时候，能有机会答谢你们。

非常感谢你们对何霞的热情款待。

您真挚的

何漪

EmploymentContract

甲方(用人单位)

PartyA：_________________

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乙方(劳动者)

PartyB：_________________

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依照《中华人民共和国劳动法》有关规定，结合本公司实际，甲乙双方本着平等、自愿、协商一致的原则达成如下协议

AccordingtotheLaborLawofPRCChina，PartyAandPartyBagreeasfollows