丽江导游词讲解(优秀20篇)

各位嘉宾，此刻小黎将要带大家去游览下一个景点，也是丽江最著名的景点-丽江古城。刚从象山山麓澄碧如玉的玉泉公园出来，我们要顺着从古城西北端悠悠流至城南的玉泉水来到被称作为“高原姑苏”“东方威尼斯”的丽江古城。在此各位嘉宾就会想，小黎怎能口出狂言，敢把这高原小城称得如此夸张，其实一点都没有被小黎夸大，丽江古城就是因为有玉泉水贯穿全城由古城分成西河、中河、东河三条支流，再分成无数股支流。城内亦有多处龙潭、泉眼出水。古城利用这种有利的条件，街道自由布局，不求网络的工整，主街傍河，小巷临渠，清澈的泉水穿街流镇，穿墙过屋，“家家流水，户户垂杨”的诗意是这座古城的真实写照，那里虽是云贵高原小镇，却颇有江南水乡的特色。

丽江古城又叫大研镇，它由大研、白沙、束河三部分组成，大研古城是它们的集中代表，所以人们常常把它叫作大研古城或大研镇。并且大研古城位于丽江盆地的中心，古城的西南角耸立着酷似书天巨笔的文笔锋，丽江盆地则象一方碧玉做成的大砚台，古时“研”和“砚”相通，所以古城叫大研。说话间我们便到了古城，城口最引人注意的应当是一双水车吧，有人说它是子母水车，也有人说它是情人水车。过去古城里就有水车，今日在一些偏远之地也在使用。

古城构成于南宋后期，已有八百多年的历史，面积3.8平方公里，常住人口约三万人，1986年成为国家级历史文化名城，1997年又被列入世界文化遗产，丽江古城除了同苏州古城一样具有“小桥流水人家”的特色外，还在古城选址、街道和房屋布局、纳西民居等方面别具一格。

丽江的世界文化遗产由白沙古镇、束河古镇和大研古镇三部分组成，但对于各位嘉宾来说，吸引力最大的是大研古镇，古城的入口很多，大家随着小黎从右边的入口进入，看见了显眼的水车后，紧之后右边是写有__题词的照壁，古城里有三房一照壁的民居，那照壁就象各位嘉宾看到得着一块。再往右是水龙柱，龙是管水的，古城里的土木建筑最怕火，但水能克火，所以这个水龙柱代表古城人民免除火灾的愿望。千百年来，古城人民象爱护自我的眼睛一样爱护古城，也请各位朋友象古城人民一样爱护古城，不乱扔烟头垃圾。再看世界文化遗产标志，圆圈代表地球、自然，方框代表人类创造的礼貌，圆圈和方框相连，代表人与自然要和谐统一，丽江古城就是人与自然和谐统一的杰作。右边的这些石刻称得上是丽江的“清明上河图”，是一幅浓郁的纳西风情画。我们脚下是“巴格图”，是纳西先民根据五行学说创造的，东巴祭司常用它来定方位和占卜等。

小黎在古城给大家讲了那么多，大家也看了那么多，可是立刻就要进入古城了，怎样就没有看到城门呢?其实各位嘉宾是看不到的，这也是丽江古城的一奇，即看不到城门，也看不到城墙，因为古城根本没有城墙和城门，因为纳西族的头领姓“木”，如果建了城墙和城门就变成了“困”字，所以古城没有城墙，也没有城门了。

各位嘉宾心目中必须有这样一个问题，象这样的古城在中国有的是，为什么这个高原上的偏僻的古城竟被评上呢?想要得到答案，各位嘉宾请随小黎一同去游览一翻。一条小巷、一户人家，一不细心你就站在了一百年的历史上了，这种感觉，在路上、在各个庭院中，您随处都能感受到。所以这座古城不是因为拍戏或是故弄玄虚而建的，是一座真实的活着的古城，不信您看看脚下，您就会觉得比刚才走的路光滑多了，一块块的五花石板，象是有许多碎石沾在一齐，但它是一种丽江特有的乐角岩，采自周围的山上，因为五颜六色，所以当地人称五花石，人行马踏，经过几百年，磨得光滑透亮，雨水一流，诗意就在你脚下了，这条街就叫新华街。

在街道两旁，偶尔会看到一些人家门上贴有不一样颜色的对联，纳西人有人仙逝，都要纪念三年，第一年白联黑字，第二年绿联黑字，第三年贴对联，这是纳西人对死去亲人的怀念，经过一些林立的铺面，清澈的河水，小桥垂柳便印入大家眼帘，而在各位都没有见过的这么清澈的河边看到了一排排的桌椅和一阵阵的音乐传入耳中，这便是客人所谓的“洋人街”，但这条街上的铺面并非洋人所开，那里的酒吧又书生气的，有叛逆性的，有纯生意性的，各人可各取所需。城市里的人到丽江“充电”的方便之处就是在酒吧找感觉，尤其以外国人为多。有就有朋友，有小桥流水，只要不醉，人生是可找到一刻逍遥的。

在经过酒吧街之后便看到了一座小石桥，因为早先在那里卖豌豆，所以称为豌豆桥，桥西的小门楼便是科贡坊，科贡坊的名于坊后小巷，清朝嘉庆年间，巷内杨家有两兄弟同时中举，到道光年间，弟弟又中举，此事是丽江人得意之事，官府为了表彰杨家，激励来者，特立此坊。

站在那里向东望去，眼前一片开阔，这便是中心四方街，四方街是古城的中心广场，占地约五亩，为什么叫四方街，主要有两种说法，一种说法是因为广场的形状很象方形的知府大印，由土司取名叫四方街，取“权镇四方”之意，也有人说那里的道路通向四面八方，是四面八方的人流，物流集散地，所以叫四方街，那么四方街为什么这样有名呢?如果说我国北方又一条世界闻名的贸易通道丝绸之路的话，我国南方也有一条被称为“茶马古道”的贸易通道，它是藏区以及丽江的马匹、皮毛、藏药等特产和南方的茶叶、丝绸、珠宝等商品的一条贸易通道，丽江古城是茶马古道上的重镇，四方街则是这个重镇的贸易中心，从古到今，四方街都是一和露天集市，这个集市从开始至今有三百年的历史，要体会到四方街的一天才能领略到其中的奥妙，清晨，早起的人们开始买早点，是朦朦胧胧正在伸赖腰的四方街;午，买铜、买山货、买小吃的商贩组成繁荣的市面，这是精力旺盛的四方街;天刚黑，生意人回家了，又经过一次摩擦的五花石板还剩着人和阳光的余温，在桥头晒太阳的老人换成了孩童嬉戏，两侧酒吧又透出夜色的油光，这是化了妆的四方街;凌晨两点左右，四方街人去街空，小巷深不测，仅有流水之声高低起伏，这是素面朝天的丽江。“丽君从

来喜植树，山城无处不飞花”，丽江男人一生有三件大事：盖房子、娶媳妇、晒太阳。丽江男人对种花、养鸟、写字、画画、打麻将有着异常的嗜好和异常多的时间，男人擅长一切在院内的活动，除此之外，他们最爱的一项户外活动便是坐客，而纳西女人一年当中仅有在大年初一才能睡一天的懒觉。从“盼吉妹”到“阿奶”眨眼的功夫却单纯仅有两个字“勤劳”，纳西女人从早到晚干活，从体力活到小生意，从收拾田地到杀猪，从缝补衣服到生火做饭，个个像下凡的仙女，而男人们则闲了下来，这一闲就不得了。纳西人中文人辈出，令人目不暇接，不能不说是纳西女人养出了纳西文化。

纳西族善于学习也可反映在古城的民居建筑上。古城民居在广泛吸收汉、藏、白等民族建筑风格的同时，也把本民族的建筑文化和审美意识融于其中，构成了许多具有纳西特色的三房一照壁、四合五天井、前后院、一进数院等建筑风格，并在门楼、前廊的设置和天井铺地、六合门及其装饰等方面构成了浓郁的地方特色和民族特色。如果问四合院里哪一部份最富有特色，那就是堂屋的六合门和六合门上的窗蕊“四季博古”。虽说这些也是学习汉、藏、白等民族文化的结果。可是到了此刻，已没有哪一个民族像纳西族这样每家都必有六合门和“四季博古”。您看这六合门，可装可卸，方便灵活，开则为门，闭则为窗。平时只开中间两扇，如遇家中有红、白事客人较多，行走不方便时，则六扇门均可卸下。六合门上所雕的窗蕊称为“四季博古”，构图上用名花异卉，吉鸟瑞兽、完美典故，以此寄托纳西人民四季吉祥、福禄寿喜、耕读传家的完美意愿。大家看到这六扇门上都有各自不一样的图案，这是“松鹤同春”、寓“春”和“寿”，这是“喜鹊争梅”、寓“冬”和“喜”，这是“鹰立菊丛”、寓“秋”和“福”，这是“鹭鸶天莲”、寓“夏”和“禄”，这是“孔雀玉兰”、“锦鸡牡丹”，请大家都想想看它们都分别代表了什么寓意。

穿过了五一街便看到了许多小桥，在我们脚下这座小石桥大家不防坐下来休息一下，看到桥旁“百岁坊”字样，不难猜测这就是百岁坊，试想一下百岁坊的由来，一般人都会想百岁坊老人有关，这就对了。

如果把木府看作是“丽江紫禁城”，那么这大厅就是“金銮殿”了。这虎皮靠椅说明木氏是称雄一方的土皇帝。这两边执事牌上写的是朝廷赐的官衔爵位，有的是三品，相当于今天的省部级，有的甚至是二品。那么朝廷为什么如此倚重木氏呢?这是因为，纳西族生活在金沙江上游的江湾腹地，北有吐蕃，南有南诏大理。这两大地方势力常常成为中央王朝西南边疆的不安定因素，纳西族的向背举足轻重，木氏土司也知道这一点。因此，他一方面忠于朝廷，以朝廷为坚强后盾，另一方面则不断扩张地盘，使他的统治地域达到7.5万多平方千米，比今天云南省面积的1/6还多，成为称雄一方的土皇帝，所以后人称木氏“开门是诸侯，关门即天子”。大家看屋顶的三个藻井，中间是龙，为了避嫌，这龙只有四爪，而不像皇宫里的有五爪。两边藻井里则是纳西妇女七星羊皮上的星星图案。一个议论军政大事的地方却有妇女的服饰图案，让人称奇。这也许是出于纳西族历史上妇女的崇高地位，也许是土司为了时时用妇女们的披星戴月、辛勤劳动来鞭策自己。总之这谜团只有土司们才能说清楚啦。近年来，不少的党和国家领导人来木府参观，给木府增添了光彩，前面的图片室里留下了一张张珍贵的照片(图片室讲解略)。这是万卷楼。在木府里由东往西，议事厅、万卷楼、护法殿、光碧楼、玉音楼、三清殿一字排开，其他建筑都是两层，惟有这万卷楼是三层，这是为什么呢?因为木氏土司不仅在政治上与中央保持一致，还推崇并积极学习汉文化，有的达到很高的造诣，能与中原学士相唱酬。《明史?土司传》中就说：“云南诸土官，知诗书，好礼守义，以丽江木氏为首。”因此就建了这三层的万卷楼。真是。“万般皆下品，唯有读书高”啊!简单地说，这万卷楼，一楼读书，二楼藏书，三楼写书，是一个书藏万卷、书香满屋的地方。大家看，这里供着孔子牌位，后壁上的鹿鸣古树图也饱含寓意：“古树”与“古书”谐音，这梅花鹿，因“鹿”和福禄的“禄”同音，包含着“书中自有黄金屋”的意思，又有“梅花香自苦寒来”之意，是希望木家的子弟寒窗苦读，终成大器。有人问我，纳西妇女披星戴月地操劳，把活计都承包了，那男子干啥呢?回答是，纳西男子在战时则披坚执锐，跟着土：司骑射征战，平时则琴棋书画考功名，“天雨流芳”(就是纳西语“看书去吧”的意思)。由木氏土司首倡的学习之风，纳西族一脉相承。据统计，目前纳西族副教授以上的专家学者就约占总人口的百分之一。由此看来，纳西族的男女分工较为明确：妇女以建设物质文明为主，男子以建设精神文明为主。下边咱们前往家院参观。

下头我们前往“纳西四合院”参观!古城民间在广泛吸收汉、白、藏等民族的建筑文化的同时，也把本民族的建筑文化和审美意识融于其中，构成许多具有纳西特色的“三坊一照壁、四合五天井”的样式。前后院一进数院的建筑形式，在门楼、前楼的设置，天井铺地、六合门及其装饰灯方面构成了浓郁的地方的色和民族特色。说到这我们走进去看看吧，那里的“四合五天井”就是东南西北四坊房屋，每相邻两坊之间有一个小天井，再加上中间的大天井共五个天井，所以叫“四合五天井”。着四坊房屋的楼上楼下都是想通的，所以也叫“走马转角楼”。

朋友们可能会问，纳西民居哪一部分最具纳西特色呢?那就是六合门和六合门上的窗芯-“四季博古”了。“四季博古”是纳西语，翻译过来意思是“福包四季”。体现纳西民族对生活的厚望，这六合门，可装可卸，方便灵活，开则为门，关则为窗，平时只开中间的两扇，遇有红白两事、客人较多时，六扇门均可卸下来。窗芯在构图上用名花异卉、吉鸟异兽和完美的典故，寄托纳西人四季吉祥、福禄寿喜、耕读传家的完美意愿。

你们看!徽州府府堂的右方矗立着一座谯楼，叫阳和门，红石城墙，古朴典雅。走过阳和门，矗立在大家面前的就是气势磅礴的许国石坊，许国石坊建于明朝，南北长11.54米，东西宽6.77米，高11.4米。如此规模宏大、呈八脚结构的牌坊举世无双。

坊主许国是三朝重臣。因平定云南边境叛乱有功，受到了“加恩眷酬”，回到老家歙县，建造了这座千古留名的大石坊。据说一般臣民只能建四脚牌楼，否则就是犯上。当时徽州四脚牌楼林立，许国如果只是造一座四脚牌坊，无法体现他的官

重威显。怎样才能与众不同呢?许国想了个“先斩后奏”的点子，许国建这座牌坊前后共拖了七、八个月才回朝复命。由于超假，许国久默无声，皇上迷惑，责备说：“建坊这么久，不要说是四脚，就是八脚也早就造好了”。许国听了，顿时口呼万岁，奏称“谢皇上恩准，臣建的正是八脚牌楼。”皇帝听了哭笑不得。

许国石坊左边是徽园，素有“徽州文化大观园”之称，是在歙县新建的仿古旅游城。再现了徽州明清时期的风貌，气势宏大，鳞次错落，脉传徽州文化之神韵，新创徽派建筑之精华。走进徽园，就如走进了婉约的江南，走进了古朴典雅的徽州古城。

各位游客大家好，我是来自安徽旅行社的导游王萍，大家可以叫我小王。在我身边的这位是我们的司机李师傅，李师傅有着多年的驾驶经验，大家可以把放心交给他，开心交给我。小王很高兴在这样一个春风日丽、阳光明媚的上午和大家相遇，小王将竭诚为大家服务，最后，预祝大家旅途愉快。

黄山位于安徽省黄山市，是全国十大风景名胜区之一也是全国拥有世界自然遗产、文化遗产和世界地质公园之称的世界级桂冠的风景区。黄山古称黟山，因为山上有许多青黑的石头，黟又是黑得意思，所以古人就给了它这个名字。唐天宝六年，唐明皇李隆基下诏改黟山为黄山，并且一直沿用至今。

黄山风景神奇秀丽，是著名的花岗岩名山。奇松、怪石、云海、温泉，是黄山四绝。近年来，又有人将冬雪誉为黄山第五绝。黄山松造型独特，各具神态，最著名的是迎客松和送客松了;黄山无峰不石，怪石星期罗布，造型各异，惟妙惟肖，栩栩如生，如猴子看海、仙人晒靴等。“黄山自古云成海”，特别是在冬季，每当雨雪初晴，就会出现令人蔚为观止、如梦如幻的云海。黄山温泉水温常年在42℃左右，泉水纯净渴饮可浴，有这样一首赞美黄山温泉的诗句：“五岳若与黄山并，又欠灵砂一道泉。”黄山冬天雪多，雪花纷飞，整座山犹如一座银装世界，真可谓是：“处处路通琉璃界，时时身在水晶宫。”

言归正传，现在我们就一同去亲身感受黄山独特的真、善、美。

各位游客，我们感受了黄山的温泉，参观了云谷寺，现在就请大家随我去玉屏楼景区去看看吧!

现在我们到达的是玉屏楼景区，当年陈毅元帅对黄山景区做过这样精辟的概括：“前山雄伟，后山秀丽。”，玉屏楼景区则充分体现了黄山前山雄伟的地貌特征。

大家再看这边，这是莲花峰，因主峰突兀，小峰簇拥，似一朵初开的莲花，仰天怒放，故名“莲花峰”。徐霞客曾在游记中说：“莲花峰，居黄山之中，独出诸峰之上。”在那边的就是百步云梯了，从下面从下面的观景台上，我们可以看到猪八戒写情书、老鼠偷油等景点。从莲花峰下来，到达阎王壁，为什么称其为阎王壁呢?因为啊，这段山路奇险无比。大家再看这儿，这里有一株造型比较奇特的古松，主干不过一米高，因为像老和尚打坐用的蒲团，所以被命名为“蒲团松。”

你们看啊，玉屏峰介于天都峰和莲花峰之间，峰壁如玉雕屏障，故名“玉屏峰”。玉屏峰前有巨石如平台，左有青狮石、迎客松，右有白象石、送客松。大家看这棵松，相信大家已经猜到了吧，这就是大名鼎鼎的迎客松了。它是千千万万棵黄山松中的瑰宝。她仪态万千，让人魂牵梦绕，流连忘返。迎客松是黄山的代表和象征，安徽省的省树，更是黄山人的骄傲。现在，我们来到玉屏楼。登上玉屏楼，左望天都峰，右看莲花峰，秀峰相拥，可谓是人间仙境。

大家再向这里看，这座就是天都峰。它位于黄山东南部，西对莲花峰，东连钵盂峰，离玉屏峰约一公里。天都峰为黄山三__大峰之一，与莲花峰、光明顶并称黄山三大主峰。天都峰古称“群仙所都”，意为天上都会。其特色在于它卓立地表，雄伟险峻，气势磅礴，在黄山松中最为雄伟壮丽。“不到天都峰，白跑一场空”形容的极为贴切。

好了，各位游客，休息完之后，我们沿着这条下山路通往半山寺，大家看那块巧石，那块石头名为“金鸡叫天门”，崖壁上还刻有“空中闻鸡鸣”的字样。

各位游客，小王对黄山的讲解就先到这里了，下面还有一些时间，大家可以自由活动，半个小时之后，我们在这里不见不散。

我们今天的黄山之旅到这里就结束了，感谢大家一路上的支持与合作，“大肚能容，容天下难容之事。”小王途中有服务不周的地方，还请大家多多包涵。小王期待着与大家再次相遇，最后祝大家一路顺风。

Hello, everyone. Today we come to the first street of China - "three lanesand Seven Alleys", which is known as the "architectural museum of Ming and QingDynasties" and "living fossil of the system of lanes in the city", which are thelandmarks of Fuzhou, a famous historical and cultural city of China. In thefirst "selection of Chinas top ten historical and cultural blocks" announced inJune 20__, Sanfang Qixiang historical and cultural blocks, Beijing Guozijianstreet, Pingyao South Street, Harbin Central Street, etc. jointly participatedin the election, and won the honorary title of "Chinas top ten historical andcultural blocks" awarded by the Ministry of culture and the State Administrationof cultural relics with the highest votes.

In 202 BC, when Fuzhou City was first built, it was called "Yecheng". Theruler was Wu Zhu, a descendant of Gou Jian. After more than two hundred years,Fuzhou in the Western Jin Dynasty had a certain scale. Yan Gao, the firstprefect of Jinan County, thought that the city was too small, so he built acounty city at the southern foot of Pingshan mountain, which is called"Zicheng". The three lanes and seven alleys originated from the expansion of thenew town by Wang Shenzhi, king of min in the late Tang Dynasty. When WangShenzhi was in power, he suspected that the original Zicheng was too small.Outside the Zicheng, he built "Luocheng" with coin pattern bricks. It is saidthat this was the only brick city in China at that time. The south of Luochengis bounded by the Antai river. The north of Luocheng is the political center,mostly inhabited by nobles. The south of Luocheng is the civilian residentialarea and commercial area. At this time, three lanes and Seven Lanes become animportant area in the southwest of Luocheng, and the pattern of lanes and lanesis initially formed.

Todays "three lanes and Seven Alleys" is located in the center of FuzhouCity, adjacent to bay17 North Road in the East, Tonghu road in the west,Yangqiao road in the north, Jibi lane and Guanglu square in the south, coveringan area of about 40 hectares. "Three Lanes" are: Yijin lane, Wenru lane andGuanglu lane; "Seven Lanes" are: Yangqiao lane, Langguan lane, Anmin lane, HuangLane, Ta lane, Gong lane and Jibi lane. With nanhou street as the central axis,they are arranged orderly from north to south, forming a "checkerboard" patternof traditional streets and lanes. In the process of urban change, Jibi lane,Yangqiao lane and Guanglu Lane have been transformed into roads. Therefore,today we talk about three lanes and seven lanes, but actually there are only twolanes and five lanes.

After many years, the pattern of "three lanes and Seven Alleys" remainsbasically the pattern of alleys left over from the Tang and Song dynasties.There are more than 200 well preserved buildings in the Ming and Qing Dynastiesand the Republic of China. Among them, there are 9 national key cultural relicsprotection units, such as Shuixie stage, Yan Fus former residence and ShenBaozhens former residence. It is the largest and most complete ancientarchitectural block of Ming and Qing Dynasties preserved in the city center ofChina. "Three lanes and Seven Alleys" embodies the characteristics of Minyueancient city and the unique characteristics of Fuzhou ancient houses. Thearchitectural structure and materials adapt to the humid and warm climate ofFuzhou; the courtyard layout reflects the traditional family ethics; the gardenis exquisite and elegant, reflecting the elegant taste close to the landscape,which is described as a large-scale "Museum of ancient architecture of Ming andQing Dynasties" by the architectural circles.

In addition to the architecture of Ming and Qing Dynasties, what is moreamazing is the cultural heritage of three lanes and seven alleys. Chen Yan, amodern poet, wrote a poem and said, "who knows that the five willows aresolitary pines, but they live in three lanes and seven alleys." Since theformation of Jin and Tang Dynasty, three lanes and seven lanes have been thesettlements of nobles and literati. Especially in the middle and late QingDynasty, Fuzhou scholars inherent sense of concern for the country and thepeople was more intense in the changes of the world. There emerged a group ofpeople who had an important impact on the society at that time and the processof modern Chinese history. Lin Zexu, Shen Baozhen, Lin Xu, Yan Fu, Lin Juemin,Lin Shu, Lin Huiyin, Bing Xin, Lu Yin, Yu Dafu, Guo huaruo, Wu Shi Turning overthe history, you will be surprised to find that a large number of characters whoare surging up on the stage of modern China, their living backgrounds arereflected in the three lanes and seven alleys, with a remarkable number of morethan 150 people.

It can be said that three lanes and seven alleys have become the epitome ofFuzhous human culture, which highlights the integration of Fuzhou peoplespursuit of orthodox education and pioneering spirit of marine culture. As thegathering place of Fuzhou city spirit, the memorial place of Fuzhou Mingxianculture, the heritage place of Fuzhou traditional merchant culture, and theexhibition place of Fuzhou folk culture, Sanfangqixiang carries the richhistorical and cultural accumulation of Fuzhou city development, fully embodiesthe characteristics and value of material and intangible culture ofSanfangqixiang historical and cultural block, and is worthy of the name ofChina.

Each city has its own unique historical and cultural genes, and it shouldtreasure its own cultural heritage in the process of development. Fuzhou hasalso gone through detours. At the end of the last century, in the heat of oldcity reconstruction, three lanes and seven alleys faced the same danger of being"transformed". Fujian Province and Fuzhou City adjusted their thinking in timeand terminated the original renovation projects for real estate development. Inrecent years, Fujian provincial Party committee, Fujian provincial government,Fuzhou municipal Party committee and Fuzhou municipal government have attachedgreat importance to the protection and restoration of Sanfang Qixiang historicaland Cultural District, and put the protection and restoration of Sanfang Qixiangon the important agenda. The three lanes and seven alleys have been transformedfrom development and transformation to overall protection and restoration. Thegovernment investment has gradually increased, and the expenditure on protectionand restoration projects is mainly invested in peoples livelihood. Thetransformation of the three lanes and seven alleys has not only become aprotection project of material culture and intangible culture, but also acomfortable housing project and popular project to improve peoples livingconditions.

"Three lanes and seven alleys should become a living cultural heritage,"Shan Jixiang, director of the State Administration of cultural relics, gave ahigh evaluation to the renovation project. The value of Fuzhous explorationlies in the protection of both life form and intangible cultural heritage. Therestored Sanfangqixiang is not a tourist area that excludes the original ecologyof the original residents, but a residential community with traditional culturalcharacteristics and a city vitality zone with unique cultural landscape. TangGuozhong, the CPC Fujian Provincial Committee and propaganda minister, saidwell: three lanes and seven alleys are the epitome of Fuzhous gathering ofpeople and culture, and the living fossil of Fujian and Chinese Taiwans deep origin.Her successful protection is not only the wealth of Fuzhou, but also the commonglory of the economic zone on both sides of the Chinese Taiwan Strait and the west coastof the Straits, which needs to be passed down from generation to generation.

Hello, ladies and gentlemen! Welcome to our beautiful Colorful Yunnan. Itsa great honor to meet you. Im Xiao Pu, our tour guide. Next to me is my littlefriend Xiao Li. We are very honored to be your tour guide. The place we aregoing to today is the ancient city of Lijiang, which is known as "Gusu on theplateau" and "Venice in the East". Perhaps you may think, how could Xiao Puboast so much about Lijiang? In fact, I dont exaggerate at all. The ancientcity of Lijiang is just because the Yuquan water runs through the whole city,which is divided into the West River, the middle river and the East River. Inthe ancient city, it is divided into more tributaries, walking through streetsand alleys, walls and houses. Street layout is free, not neat. The main streetis near the river, the alley is near the canal, and the clear spring flowsthrough the street, the town and the house. The poem "every family flows withwater, and every family hangs with Yang" is a true portrayal of this city, soalthough it is a small town on the Yunnan Guizhou Plateau, it has thecharacteristics of a water town in the south of the Yangtze River.

Dayan town

Next, let me tell you about the history of Lijiang. The ancient city ofLijiang is located at the foot of Yulong Snow Mountain. Surrounded by greenmountains, the city is like a big Jasper inkstone. In ancient times, "inkstone"and "Yan" were interlinked. Therefore, the chieftain of Ming Dynasty renamed theancient city "Dayan", which means prosperous culture and outstanding people.

Maybe before Lijiang in the future, everyone has heard that Lijiang ancientcity has one characteristic, that is, it is the only ancient city without citywalls in Chinas famous historical and cultural city. Why is there no citywalls? It is said that the hereditary rulers of Lijiang all have the surname ofmu, so building a city is bound to be like adding a frame with the word"trapped". The chieftain of Mu family did not set up a city wall because oftaboo.

The ancient city was built in the late Southern Song Dynasty with a historyof about 800 years. It has been a political, economic and military town inNorthwest Yunnan and a hub for the economic and cultural exchanges among Naxi,Khan, Tibet and other ethnic groups. Xu Xiake, a famous Chinese traveler in MingDynasty, once wrote that "the beauty of the palace is determined by the king",which is also the important town of the ancient tea horse road in history. Thecity covers an area of 3.8 square kilometers, with a permanent population of30000 and 16900 Naxi people.

Lijiang ancient city was listed as a national historical and cultural cityby the State Council in 1986, and as a world cultural heritage by UNESCO in1997. So what should we visit in Lijiang?

1、 Climbing the range rover, you can see the form of the ancient city. Theancient city skillfully used the terrain, with lion mountain in the west,Xiangshan Mountain and Jinhong mountain in the north. It was moved from thenorthwest to the southeast, avoiding the cold wind of snow mountain, leading tothe warm wind in the southeast and occupying the convenient place.

2、 The ancient city makes full use of the spring water. The Yuhe River inthe city is divided into three parts, three parts into nine parts, and thendivided into countless canals, clean and full of aura. [by [finishing]

3、 Walking along the street, you can see the buildings of the ancient city.The buildings in the ancient city are all simple courtyard residents. Thebuildings are simple and crude. The courtyard layout and the internal buildingsare rich and delicate, which constitute a harmonious relationship between manand nature.

4、 If you enter the city and cross the bridge, you can see the layout ofthe whole city. The layout of the ancient city is free and flexible. Stonebridges, wooden bridges, flowers, birds, fish and insects, musical instruments,chess, calligraphy and painting, and folk customs make the ancient cityunique.

Entrance to the ancient city

We have come to the entrance of the ancient city. Some people say its amother and sons water wheel, while others say its a couples water wheel. Howcan we not see the gate? In fact, you cant see it. Its also a wonder ofLijiang ancient city, that is, you cant see the city gate or the city wall,because there is no city wall or the city gate in the ancient city, because thehead of Naxi nationalitys surname is "Mu". If the city wall and the city gateare built, it will become "trapped". So there is no city wall or the city gatein the ancient city. Please see, this is the screen wall of President JiangZemins inscription "the ancient city of Lijiang, a world cultural heritage". Itis dignified and beautiful. "Three squares and one Zhaobi" is the architecturalfeature of Naxi folk houses. To the right is the water column. It reflects theimportance of fire prevention in civil structure buildings of ancient city atthat time, which is also the wisdom of Naxi ancestors. This is a world heritagemonument. The symbol is connected by a circle and a box, indicating the harmonybetween man and nature. Next, lets visit the ancient city!

Layout of ancient city

Ladies and gentlemen, there must be such a question in mind. There are manyancient cities like this in China. Why is this remote ancient city on theplateau chosen? If you want to get the answer, please follow Xiao Li. A lane, afamily, a careless you stand in a hundred years of history, this feeling, on theroad, in various courtyards, you can feel everywhere. Therefore, this ancientcity is not built for filming or mystery. Its a real and living ancient city.If you look at it, you will feel that its much smoother than the road you justwalked. The stone slabs with five flowers seem to have a lot of gravel in them.However, its a kind of lejiaoyan unique to Lijiang. Its collected from thesurrounding mountains. Because of its colorful colors, the local people call itfive flowers Stone, pedestrian horse tread, after hundreds of years, polishedsmooth and transparent, first-class rain, poetic at your feet, this street iscalled Xinhua street. On both sides of the street, you can occasionally seecouplets of different colors pasted on the doors of some peoples houses. SomeNaxi people have died, and they all have to commemorate three years. The firstyear is white couplet with black characters, the second year is green coupletwith black characters, and the third year is couplet pasted. This is thenostalgia of Naxi people for their dead relatives. After some forest likepavements, clear river water, small bridges and weeping willows, it is printedin your eyes, but you dont see it Passing by such a clear river, I can see rowsof tables and chairs and bursts of music coming into my ears. This is what theguests call "Foreigner Street". However, the shops on this street are not run byforeigners. The bars there are bookish, rebellious and pure business. Everyonecan get what they want. The convenient place for people in the city to"recharge" in Lijiang is

The bar looks for feeling, especially for foreigners. There are friends,there are bridges, water, as long as not drunk, life can find a moment ofcarefree. After passing the bar street, you can see a small stone bridge, whichis called pea bridge because it sold peas there earlier. The small gate buildingon the west of the bridge is Kegong square. Kegong square is named in the alleybehind the square. In the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, there were twobrothers of the Yang family in the alley, and in the Daoguang period, theiryounger brother was elected again. This is a matter of pride for Lijiang people.In order to praise the Yang family and encourage them, the government praisedthem This is a special place.

Standing there, looking to the East, you can see an open area. This is thecentral Sifang street. Sifang street is the central guangachang of the ancientcity, covering an area of about five mu. There are two main reasons why it iscalled Sifang street. One reason is that the shape of the square is very similarto the square magistrates seal. It is named Sifang street by the chieftain,which means "Quan Zhen Sifang". Some people say that the road there leads toSifang Fang is the distribution center of people and logistics in alldirections, so it is called Sifang street. Why is Sifang street so famous? If wesay that the silk road is another world-famous trade channel in the north ofChina, there is also a trade channel in the south of China known as the "teahorse ancient road". It is a trade channel for the horses, fur, Tibetan medicineand other specialties in the Tibetan area and Lijiang, and tea, silk, jewelryand other commodities in the south. Lijiang ancient city is an important town onthe tea horse ancient road, and Sifang street is the important one Since ancienttimes, Sifang street, the trade center of the town, has been an open-air fairwith a history of 300 years. It is necessary to realize the mystery of Sifangstreet. In the early morning, people who get up early begin to buy breakfast,which is a hazy Sifang street. In the afternoon, traders who buy copper,mountain goods and snacks form a prosperous market. This is the reason Sifangstreet is full of vigor and vitality; its just dark when businessmen go home,and after a time of friction, there are still people and sunshine left. The oldpeople basking in the sun at the bridge head are replaced by children playing,and the bars on both sides show the oily light of night, which is the makeup ofSifang street. At about two oclock in the morning, Sifang street people go toempty streets, and the alleys are deep and unpredictable, only the sound ofrunning water rises and falls, which is the reason Its Lijiang with a plainface. meet

Come down, let my little friend Xiao Li, continue to show you how tobrowse!

Ancient city dwellings

Next, lets go to "Naxi Siheyuan" for a visit! The folk in the ancient cityabsorbed the architectural culture of Han, Bai, Tibetan and other nationalities,but also integrated the national architectural culture and aestheticconsciousness, forming a lot of Naxi style of "three squares and one wall, fourin five patio". The architectural form of the front and rear courtyard, thesetting of the gatehouse and the front building, the patio paving, the six doorand its decorative lights constitute a strong local color and nationalcharacteristics. Speaking of this, lets go in and have a look. The "four infive patios" there are four houses in the southeast and northwest. There is asmall patio between each two neighboring houses, and there are five patios inthe middle. So its called "four in five patios". Four blocks of housing areupstairs and downstairs are imaginative, so it is also called "zouma cornerbuilding".

Friends may ask, which part of Naxi residence has the most Naxicharacteristics? That is Liuhe door and the window core on Liuhe door - "fourseasons Bogu". "Four seasons" is Nash, which means "four seasons". Reflectingthe high expectations of the Naxi people for life, this six door can beinstalled or removed, convenient and flexible. When it is opened, it is thedoor, and when it is closed, it is the window. At ordinary times, only the twoin the middle are opened. When there are red and white events, and there aremany guests, the six doors can be removed. In the composition of the windowcore, the famous flowers and different flowers, auspicious birds and animals,and perfect allusions are used to express the perfect wishes of Naxi people forfour auspicious seasons, happiness of fortune and longevity, and farming andreading.

Mufu

Dear friends, have you ever seen the TV series "Mufu Fengyun"? "MufuFengyun" is shot in Mufu. While enjoying the plot, you must be intoxicated withthe beautiful scenery and local customs of Lijiang. Now lets go to Mufu to havea look!

We visited the ancient city and Sifang street. If Sifang street is thecenter of the ancient city, Mufu is the heart of the ancient city and the "GrandView Garden" of Lijiang ancient city culture. The chieftain of Naxi surnamed Muonce ruled Lijiang for 470 years. After three dynasties of yuan, Ming and Qing,a total of 23 dynasties were continued, and this wooden mansion, known asLijiang Forbidden City, was built. Mus chieftain is loyal to the imperial courtand has been praised by the emperor for many times. This Zhongyi square wasapproved by the Emperor Wanli of Ming Dynasty. It is called "famous Three PagodaTemple in Dali and famous stone archway in Lijiang".

Please see, there is Mufu. The overall structure of Mufu, from east towest, is the Zhongyi square that we have just seen, followed by the front gate,Zhaobi, conference hall, wanjuan building, Dharma protection hall, guojielou,Guangbi building, Yuyin building and Sanqing hall.

The Mufu we see now was built after the earthquake of magnitude 7 in 1996.This is the assembly hall. The assembly hall is dignified, spacious andmagnificent. It is the place where the chieftains summon their guests. Look,there are three plaques on the door beam of the assembly hall, all of which arewritten with the words "serve the country sincerely". They are the commendationsof the three emperors Hongwu, Yongle and Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty. So why didthe imperial court rely so much on the Mu family? This is because the Naxipeople live in the hinterland of Jiangwan in the upper reaches of Jinsha River,with Tubo in the north and Nanzhao Dali in the south. These two local forcesoften became the unstable factors in the southwest frontier of the centraldynasty, so the Naxi nationality played an important role.

This is wanjuan building. Wanjuan building has three floors. Look, thereare no windows on the second floor. You cant see the second floor from thebottom of the building, so there are many precious books in it. To put itsimply, the wanjuan building is a place full of books, with books on the firstfloor, books on the second floor and books on the third floor. Now you can go inand visit yourself. Please abide by the order in the museum. Books can be readbut not touched! Behind the wanjuan tower is the Dharma hall. It is the house ofchieftains to discuss family affairs. In addition to the memorial tablets ofMus ancestors, there are benches, sticks and other tools for corporalpunishment. You can see that it is the place where Master Mu uses family rulesand family laws to discipline his children. It looks like the ancestral hall weusually call.

After passing the Dharma protection hall, we walk through an ancientoverpass. This overpass can be regarded as a creation of the chieftain of Mufamily, which is based on the local conditions and the people. In this way, thegovernment and the people are at peace and do not interfere with each other.Lets go up to the Guangbi building of Mufu. This is a 1:300 model of theancient city, where you can clearly see the whole picture of the ancient cityand Mufu. This is the Yulong bridge, the north entrance of the ancient city.This is the West River, the middle river and the East River. Who lost his way inthe ancient city, then, upstream must be able to walk to the Yulong bridge.These pictures show the rich history and culture and magnificent natural sceneryof Lijiang, please browse.

If you go further, this is the Yuyin building. On the first floor and infront of the building are the places where the chieftains sing, dance and feast.On the second floor are the places where the Fengzhao and Heshu are worshipped.There are copies of white sand murals in the hall. Baisha mural is a nationalkey cultural relic. It integrates Han Buddhism, Tibetan Buddhism and Taoism intoone picture, and makes three religions live in one room. This practice ofintegrating the three religions is rare in other places. In Lijiang, because theNaxi represented by Mus chieftain is an open nation, they are culturallyinclusive.

After yuyinlou, we come to the final building on the axis of Mufu, Sanqinghall. From there, we can have a birds-eye view of the ancient city and Mufu,and we can see the ancient city described by Xu Xiake as "Julu pianji, lingeringin the slope and valley", and Mufus "beauty of palace is like the king".

Mufu is a splendid garden of architectural art, which fully reflects theelegant demeanor of the Central Plains architecture in the Ming Dynasty, whileretaining the simplicity and ruggedness of the Central Plains architecture inthe Tang and Song dynasties.

When you visit Lijiang ancient city, you should not miss Naxi ancientmusic. Naxi ancient music, which is called "lost music in all parts of China",consists of two parts: Baisha Xiyue and Lijiang Dongjing music. After hundredsof years of development and changes, Naxi ancient music has formed a uniquestyle of integration of Han and Naxi Music, which has a strong national and folkcolor. Living in Lijiang ancient city, the most perfect arrangement at night isto listen to Naxi ancient music.

OK, when you get there, youll have a good view of the ancient city. Ourjourney is coming to an end. During this happy time, we visited Lijiang ancientcity, which is famous both at home and abroad and has the reputation of "Veniceof China" and "Gusu of Plateau". Thank you for your understanding, support andcooperation with Xiao Pu and me along the way. We are deeply impressed by yourenthusiasm. At the same time, we hope that our service can leave you someperfect memories. Finally, I send my best wishes to you, and I sincerely hope wecan meet again. Thank you!

各位来自世界各地的游客们，你们好!欢迎来到“世界遗产”之北京故宫，我是来自南昌的导游甜心X公主，下面我就带大家去细细游赏一番吧。中国明清两代的皇宫，又称紫禁城，地点位于北京城中心。开始建造与明永乐四年至十八年，也就是现在说的1420xx年至1420xx年，后来经过多个朝代的劳动人民细心修改，变的非常的富丽堂皇，但仍保持着原来的布局和规模，是世界上保存的最完整、规模最大的古代木构架宫殿建筑群。

最先的设计人是蔡信、阮安等，主持施工的人是蒯详、陆详等，名字里都有详哦!我们说完了北京故宫的历史和人物建造，现在该说说外观和排列顺序了把!这座城设四个门，南门正中面是午门、北边是神武门、东为东华门，西为西华门，四门个建有重檐庑殿顶门楼。这座城的四个角都还布有一些结构精巧、外观秀丽的角楼。

外面的墙有10米多高呢!还有护城河宽52米，够宽的吧!长3800米，整个建筑群按南北中间的中轴线为对称布局，层次分明，主次有序。听完了一以上那些，你应该对北京故宫有些了解了吧!可能你还不知道把，连皇帝的住所都是那么井井有条!文化殿，武英殿是面阔九间的但檐歇山顶建筑。文化殿是皇帝听大臣讲书的地方，武英殿是皇帝吃饭、居住和召见大臣的地方。后三宫、东西六宫和乾清宫和坤宁宫通直御花园。坤宁宫和乾清宫是内廷的正殿、正寝，是皇帝、太后和皇后的正式居住场所，平均面积宽九间，为重檐庑殿顶。前三殿是全宫最大的建筑群，占地面积有达8。5万平方米，是宫城的12%，后三供则为前三殿的25%，期于宫殿依次递减，主要突出前三殿、后三宫的主要地位。1961年定位中国第一批全国重点文物保护单位，已被联合过教科文组织列为世界文化遗产。

汽车经过弯弯曲曲的盘山公路把我们带到了后山的云谷寺，从这儿有直接上白鹅岭的索道，但我们最终还是选择了步行。凭着年轻人的豪气和一种征服的欲望，我们用双脚走完了十五里的山路，对于我们而言，倒也是不小的创举。

说是山路，早已有了人的参与。路由台阶铺成，延绵曲折，上升着，左右拐着，拐过去不见了，转过来却又是一段望不到头的路。由此我想到了人生的路不也是这样么?只是要比这复杂，要曲折，要难走得多，或许还会有很多的绝路。我不知道我是否会成功地走完，但我相信，我有勇气走下去。

所谓走路不看景，看景不走路，路走多了，人便觉得累了，于是不时地驻步观景，一边休息，一边欣赏这人间天堂赐予我们的奇峰怪石，清水异树。黄山巧妙的搭配了三xx大峰和三十六座小峰，每座峰都有自己的名字，每座峰都有一个美丽的故事。高峰深谷，幽潭天柱，衬出山的巍峨，水的清秀。黄山的每块石头也都有一个名字，一个典故，仙人指路，喜鹊登梅，天狗望日，梦笔生花，猴子观海，带着一份神秘，更带着一份仙气。黄山的峰多，石多，水更多。云海上下，有三十六源，二十四溪，十六泉，八潭，四瀑。清泉瀑布从山上直流而下，形成了一个个潭，大大小小的潭，水清见底，冰凉刺骨。水声一直伴我们到白鹅岭，经常我们会只听见水声而看不见水，透过密密的树叶儿隐约会看到一条由上而下的银带，路头一转，那清泉小溪便整个儿的呈现于眼前了。

一路低头走路，偶尔抬头看天，山尖的四周围着一团雾，那时候便觉得整个人脱壳的上升了，到天边，到云际。作文

索道只需要八分钟的路程，我们整整走了三个小时，站在白鹅岭上小憩，说不出是累是乏，也说不出是兴奋是激动，有的是一种惬意和自豪，如同人生的路，走得不易，但终究是要走的，只要走得有有股子傲气就行了。

各位嘉宾，现在我要带着大家去游览下一个景点，也是丽江最的景点——丽江古城。

丽江古城1997年又被列入世界文化遗产。

丽江古城因为有玉泉水贯穿全城由古城分成西河、中河、东河三条支流，再分成无数股支流。城内亦有多处龙潭、泉眼出水。这样就不怕迷路了，为什么不怕迷路呢?因为你要是迷路了，你可以顺着丽江古城里的河流走就能走出丽江古城。古城里的土木建筑最怕火，但水能克火，所以水龙柱是古城人民的出火灾的愿望。这里的人们会很守“规矩”会爱护古城，很少扔烟头之类的易燃物品。再看世界文化遗产标志，圆圈代表地球、自然，方框代表人类创造的文明，圆圈和方框相连，代表人与自然要和谐统一，丽江古城就是人与自然和谐统一的杰作。右边的这些石刻称得上是丽江的“清明上河图”，是一幅浓郁的纳西风情画。我们脚下是“巴格图”，是纳西先民根据五行学说创造的，东巴祭司常用它来定方位和占卜等。

大家看丽江古城的一奇，即看不到城门，也看不到城墙，因为古城根本没有城墙和城门，因为纳西族的头领姓“木”，如果建了城墙和城门就变成了“困”字，所以古城没有城墙，也没有城门了……

大家好，我叫吴文倩，大家叫我吴导吧!此刻我们要游览举世无双的北京故宫。

你们看，我们来到了雄伟的故宫，故宫又称紫禁城，是明清两代的皇宫;故宫是世界上规模最大最完整的古代木结构建筑群，为我们国家最大的古建筑群。它使建于明永乐(公元1406年)，14年才完工呢，有24位皇帝在此登基。“好了，我们此刻准备去大殿里，请游客朋友们跟上队伍，千万别掉队，否则走丢了，就找不到我们了!”好，此刻跟随我进入大殿，故宫有三座大殿：太和殿，中和殿和保和殿。大殿建在汉白玉砌成的8米高的台基上，远望犹如神话的琼宫仙阙。太和殿是最富丽堂皇的建筑，俗称“金銮殿”，是皇上举行大典的地方，这座殿高28米，东西63米，西北35米，有直径达1米的大柱92根，其中6根围绕御座的沥粉金漆的潘龙柱。御座设在殿内高2米的台上，前有造型，美观的仙鹤，炉，鼎，后面精雕细刻的围屏。整个大殿装饰得金碧辉煌，庄严绚丽。

中和殿是皇上去太和殿举行大典前稍事休息和演习礼仪的地方，保和殿是每年除夕皇帝赐宴外潘王公的场所。游客朋友们先休息一下，观赏下这三个大殿，能够摸一摸，等下我们去内延，以乾清宫，交泰殿，坤宁宫为中心，东西两翼有东六宫和西六宫，是皇上平日办事和妃子居住的地方。“好，今日的活动到此结束!祝大家玩得开心”

古城始建于南宋后期，距今约有800年的历史了。历代均为滇西北的政治、军事重镇和纳西、汉、藏等各民族经济文化交往的枢纽。元初，忽必烈南征大理，革囊渡江进入丽江，曾在古城一带驻军整训，至今仍留下许多相关的纳西语地名。明初，古城街道建设和集市贸易已初具规模，明末时已呈现出繁荣景象。中国明代著名旅行家徐霞客曾在丽江游记中写道宫室之丽，拟于王者，民居群落，瓦屋栉(zhi)比，这是对当年丽江古城之繁盛景观的真实写照。由于古城处于滇川藏交通要冲，是历史茶马古道的重镇。自清代以来，商旅云集，各路马帮往来不断，成为重要的贸易中转站。丽江古城，因为集中了纳西文化的精华，并完整地保留了宋元以来形成的历史风貌，1986年被国务院列为国家历史文化名城，1997年被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产。说到这里，各位也许会问，游览丽江古城主要观赏些什么呢?我们可以登高览胜、临河就水，可以走街入院、还可以入市过桥，一览古城布局。

大家好!我是青旅社的邹其芳，大家可以叫我小芳，但不是村里的那个小芳。欢迎各位来到号称世界遗产的“丽江古城”。

亲爱的游客们，我们已经到了美丽的古城了，在古城前面，大家会看见两架大风车在水里欢快地转动，里面的水珠也会测出来，所以，请大家小心。这两架风车代表着古城的标志。下面，我来介绍一下丽江古城：丽江古城海拔2400米，是丽江纳西族自治县的中心城市，古城形成于南宋后期，已有八百多年的历史，面积3。8平方公里，常住人口约3万人，1997年被列入为世界文化遗产。

古城的中心是四方街，地面上是五彩石铺成的，踏上去就会发出清脆的响声，四方街上没有哪两座客栈里央的设计是一样的，大家也可以进去参观一下。说了那么多，我还是带大家去一条小溪吧，大家看!这条小溪就是放河灯。放河灯是一条种古老的习俗，据说每天晚上龙王会来巡游古城，放一盏河灯吧!不过，请大家不要乱扔垃圾。

游客们，丽江古城到处都有让人流连忘返的美景，说也说不尽，希望大家下次再来。

大家好！我是你们游览丽江古城的导游。我很高兴能与大家共度这快乐时光！我姓林，我叫大家能够叫我林导游就行了。

请大家跟我来。那里是丽江古城。我先给大家简单介绍一下丽江古城。丽江古城又名大研镇，坐落在丽江坝中部，称为“保存最为完好的四大古城”之一。它是中国历史文化名城中唯一没有城墙的古城。丽江古城地处云贵高原，海拔2400余米，全城面积达3。8平方公里，自古就是远近闻名的集市和重镇。古城现有居民6200多户，25000余人。其中，纳西族占总人口绝大多数，有30%的居民仍在从事以铜银器制作、皮毛皮革、纺织、酿造业为主的传统手工业和商业活动。

丽江古城内的街道依山傍水修建，铺的大多都是红色角砾岩，雨季不会泥泞、旱季也不会飞灰，石上花纹图案自然雅致。看，光滑洁净的青石板路、完全手工建造的土木结构的房屋、无处不在的小桥流水。

前面就是古城中心的四方街了。那里工艺品琳琅满目，人气兴旺。来古城没有不来四方街的。

丽江古城历史悠久，古朴自然。城市布局错落有致，既具有山城风貌，又富于水乡韵味。丽江民居既融和了汉、白、彝、藏各民族精华，又有纳西族的独特风采，很独特吧！

这天，我就给大家介绍到那里。祝大家旅愉快！记住你们出去看那里的什么东西的时候你们不能扔东西在地上，要扔就扔在垃圾箱里。你们在玩的时候要注意安全，自我的行李、东西保护好点。

教师点评：作为导游词你介绍的很详细，“请大家跟我来”“前面就是”这样的衔接也十分自然，好。但作为我们的作文导游词不必要面面俱到。

大家好，我叫叶承宏。你们叫我“叶导”就能够了。我们今日要去的地方名字叫丽江古城，它构成于南宋后期，到此刻已有八百多年的历史了。

丽江古城又名大研镇，地处云贵高原，坐落在丽江坝的中部，是“保存最完好的四大古城之一”。里面文化遗产众多，我们主要参观的是丽江古城内的街道，期望大家做礼貌的游客，不能破坏丽江古城内的历史文物，也不能乱摘街道上的花草。

我们此刻来到的是丽江古城内的街道，它依山傍水，铺的石头大多是红色的角砾岩，雨季不会泥泞，旱季也不会飞灰，石上的花纹也十分精美。我们此刻来到的是丽江古城内最有名的街道：四方街，它的地面上铺的全都是五彩石，如同蜘蛛网般交错着。看，这些房子都是纯手工建造的。地面上采用的大多数砾角岩，砾角岩是丽江特有的一种岩石。由于它色彩十分的鲜艳，所以当地人也称它为五花石。人行马踏，它经过了几百年的历史，还是那么的光亮。下头，你们就快在那里拍一拍照吧。

丽江古城还有一个异常的习俗：放河灯，放河灯是一种古老的习俗，据说每一盏河灯都能让自我和家人心想事成，万事如意。大家快来放河灯吧。

时间过得真快，丽江古城之旅一下子就过完了。期望大家旅途愉快，下次再来那里玩。

我们此刻看到的木府，是在1996年的七级地震后修建的。这是议事厅，议事厅端庄宽敞，气势恢弘，是土司召见贵客的地方。看，议事厅的门梁上头，高挂着三块牌匾，都写着“诚心报国”四个字，分别是明朝的洪武、永乐、嘉靖三位皇帝的褒奖。那么朝廷为什么如此倚重木氏呢这是因为，纳西族生活在金沙江上游的江湾腹地，北有吐蕃，南有南诏大理。这两大地方势力常常成为中央王朝西南边疆的不安定因素，所以纳西族的向背举足轻重。

这是万卷楼，万卷楼有三层，看，第二层没有窗户，从楼底看不出第二层，所以里面收藏了许多珍贵的书籍。简单地说，这万卷楼，一楼读书，二楼藏书，三楼写书，是一个书藏万卷、书香满屋的地方。此刻你们能够进去自我参观，请遵守馆内秩序，书籍能看不能摸哦!万卷楼后面便是护法殿。它是土司议家事之殿，那里除了摆放有木氏祖先的牌位外，还有长凳、棍棒等体罚的工具，一看就明白那里是木老爷动用家规家法、管教子女的地方了。看来很像平时我们所说的祠堂了。

云南丽江古城导游词5

过了护法殿，走过一条古代的过街天桥，这过街天桥可算是木氏土司因地制宜，以民为本的一个创造。这样的设计，官民相安，互不干涉。让我们登上木府的光碧楼。这是1：300的古城模型，在那里能够清楚地看到古城和木府的全貌。这是玉龙桥，是古城的北入口，这是西河、中河、东河。有谁在古城中迷了路，那么，溯流而上就必须能走到玉龙桥。这些图片表现了丽江丰厚的历史文化和壮美的自然风光，请大家浏览。

大家再往前走，这便是玉音楼，一楼和楼前是土司歌舞宴乐的地方，二楼是供奉凤诏鹤书的地方。大厅内有白沙壁画的复制品。白沙壁画是国家重点文物，它把汉地佛教、藏传佛教和道教融合在一个画面上，让三种宗教同居一室。这种三教合一的做法，在别的地方是少见的。而在丽江，由于以木氏土司为代表的纳西族是一个开放的民族，他们在文化上兼容并蓄，广纳博采。

过了玉音楼，就来到了木府中轴线上的最终一个建筑——三清殿。在那里能够鸟瞰古城和木府，我们能够看到徐霞客笔下的古城“居庐骈集，萦坡带谷”，木府的“宫室之丽，拟于王者”了。

木府是一座辉煌的建筑艺术园林，它充分反映了明代中原建筑的风采，同时保留了唐宋中原建筑中的古朴粗犷。

束河古镇处于丽江所有景区的核心部位，是游览丽江古城、玉龙雪山、泸沽湖、长江第一湾和三江并流风景区的枢纽点。从丽江古城往北，沿中济海东侧的大路程行约四公里，便见两边山脚下一片密集的村落,这就是被称为清泉之乡的束河古镇 。当年徐霞客游芝山解脱林时，曾走过此道,在他的记述中这样写道:"过一枯涧石桥，西瞻中海，柳暗波萦，有大聚落临其上，是为十和院"。"十和"即今 束河古镇之古称。

束河坐东朝西，背风向阳，村后山林为玉龙山南下之余脉，山形秀丽，植被茂密，白沙岩脚院有凤凰山，为丽江木氏发祥之地，至束河山形再变，呈祥瑞之象，堪舆家称为“丹凤含书之地”， 预言文化昌盛，兴旺发达。

村北柳荫深处有九鼎、疏河两个龙潭，泉水清澈、波光闪烁，分为三河水系，沿房前屋后、菜园田边穿流而过，使束河既有山寨之奇，又有水乡之秀。

由于茶马古道的发展，产生了各种商品需求，至明朝，木氏土司延聘一批江南工匠，定居束河，此后，该地成为滇、川、藏交界地域内著名的“皮匠村”，出产皮鞋、皮货、麻线、铁器、竹器等，束河工匠的足迹走遍茶马古道的每一个角落。

公元680年，吐蕃南征，在丽江设立"神川都督府"，茶马古道由此起始：唐明皇禁茶入藏，促成滇茶进藏;宋王朝的军事需要，刺激"茶马互市的繁荣";于是，从元、明以来到近代，茶马古道成为滇、藏、川之间经济文化交流的纽带。

茶马古道起于滇南，经过大理、丽江、迪庆、拉萨，止于印度，贯穿中国西部人文风情和自然风光最具魅力的"三江并流"和"香格里拉"地域，格外引人关注。

《茶马古道博物馆》是中国第一家专门研究并展示茶马古道历史文化的博物馆，也是丽江市第一家从事普洱茶文化研究、宣传、推广的专业机构。

茶马古道博物馆由《序厅》、《史事1厅》、《史事2厅》、《束河厅》、《皮匠厅》、《茶马风情厅》、《茶艺厅》、《影响资料中心》等8个部分组成，比较系统地介绍了茶马古道的起始时间、线路和重大历史事件，是人们了解茶马古道历史文化的重要窗口。

博物馆的建筑原是400多年前木氏土司"束河院"的组成部分，其中的"大觉宫壁画"为江南著名画家马萧仙作品，一直保存到现在，笔法洗练，技术精湛，保留了唐代画风，1998年被列为省级重点保护单位。

耕牛在古老的村寨内健步而行，丛林般的粮架耸在青龙河畔，构成纳西族农耕文化的图腾标志。

古老的石桥，光滑的石板路，高突的上马石，马锅头的豪宅，还有马鞍、马铃、马灯、皮口袋、酥油桶，以及来自印度、尼泊尔、西藏的各种旧货，抚今追昔，让你浮想联翩。

大家好!我叫荣，下面我们要去的是九寨沟。

九寨沟到啦，现在去看五彩池，五彩池里一共有五种颜色，所以才叫五彩池，里面有：黄、绿、蓝、青、紫这五种颜色。因为下面有五色的石头，所以池水才是五色的。

现往前走，可以看见有一个古老的大水车，这个水车是利用水力来转动的，大水车有两个作用，一个是浇田，一个是磨面。

然后去看熊猫湖，熊猫湖的水清得一下可以看到底，熊猫湖旁有一片竹林，那里是熊猫生活的地方，熊猫就在这湖里饮水，所以这片湖才得名为熊猫湖。

看完熊猫湖就来到啦树正群海，树正群海大小海子19个，逶迤相衔长达5公里，高差100余米，构成梯状湖群。这里海水湛蓝，色泽鲜艳，状观。整个群海，层中套蓝的色彩，童话般的天真自然。

现在我们去看闻名的珍珠滩 瀑布。珍珠滩瀑布宽200米，落差最大可达40米，气势非凡，雄伟壮观。瀑布冲进谷底，吼声如雷。《西游记》中有一段是在这里拍的。

好啦，我们就看到这里，希望下次再来游赏。

各位嘉宾，现在x将要带大家去游览下一个景点，也是丽江最著名的景点-丽江古城。刚从象山山麓澄碧如玉的玉泉公园出来，我们要顺着从古城西北端悠悠流至城南的玉泉水来到被称作为“高原姑苏”“东方威尼斯”的丽江古城。在此各位嘉宾就会想，小x怎能口出狂言，敢把这高原小城称得如此夸张，其实一点都没有被小x夸大，丽江古城就是因为有玉泉水贯穿全城由古城分成西河、中河、东河三条支流，再分成无数股支流。城内亦有多处龙潭、泉眼出水。古城利用这种有利的条件，街道自由布局，不求网络的工整，主街傍河，小巷临渠，清澈的泉水穿街流镇，穿墙过屋，“家家流水，户户垂杨”的诗意是这座古城的真实写照，这里虽是云贵高原小镇，却颇有江南水乡的特色。

丽江古城又叫大研镇，它由大研、白沙、束河三部分组成，大研古城是它们的集中代表，所以人们常常把它叫作大研古城或大研镇。而且大研古城位于丽江盆地的中心，古城的西南角耸立着酷似书天巨笔的文笔锋，丽江盆地则象一方碧玉做成的大砚台，古时“研”和“砚”相通，所以古城叫大研。说话间我们便到了古城，城口最引人注意的应该是一双水车吧，有人说它是子母水车，也有人说它是情人水车。过去古城里就有水车，今天在一些偏远之地也在使用。

古城形成于南宋后期，已有八百多年的历史，面积3.8平方公里，常住人口约三万人，1986年成为国家级历史文化名城，1997年又被列入世界文化遗产，丽江古城除了同苏州古城一样具有“小桥流水人家”的特色外，还在古城选址、街道和房屋布局、纳西民居等方面别具一格。

丽江的世界文化遗产由白沙古镇、束河古镇和大研古镇三部分组成，但对于各位嘉宾来说，吸引力最大的是大研古镇，古城的入口很多，大家随着小黎从右边的入口进入，看见了显眼的水车后，紧接着右边是写有江题词的照壁，古城里有三房一照壁的民居，那照壁就象各位嘉宾看到得着一块。再往右是水龙柱，龙是管水的，古城里的土木建筑最怕火，但水能克火，所以这个水龙柱代表古城人民免除火灾的愿望。千百年来，古城人民象爱护自己的眼睛一样爱护古城，也请各位朋友象古城人民一样爱护古城，不乱扔烟头垃圾。

丽江纳西人历来重教尚文，许多人擅长诗琴书画。在古城多彩的节庆活动中，除了通宵达旦的民族歌舞和乡土戏曲，业余演奏的“纳西古乐”最为着名。其中，《白沙细乐》为集歌、舞、乐为一体的大型古典音乐套曲，被誉为“活的音乐化石”;另一部丽江《洞经音乐》则源自古老的道教音乐，它保留着许多早已失传的中原辞曲音韵。丽江纳西古乐曾应邀赴欧洲多国演出，受到观众的热烈欢迎和赞誉。由于乐队成员多是来自民间年逾古稀的老人，因此又有“纳西寿星乐团”的美誉。

大智大慧的纳西先民，在漫长的社会实践和生产劳动中，创造了光辉灿烂的东巴文化。东巴文化以东巴教为载体，以东巴经为主要纪录方式，它是伴随着纳西族漫长历史发慌逐步形成和演化的活形态文化，约形成于唐宋时期，有近千年历史。东巴教是纳西族原始宗教，且兼收并蓄其他宗教，笃信万物有灵，为多神教。东巴文是一种兼备表意和表音成分的图画象形文字。纳西象形文字只有1400多个单字，但词语异常丰富，能充分表达细腻的情感，也能记叙说明复杂的万事万物，还能写诗作文章，是目前世界上唯一“活着的象形文字”。用象形文字书写并保留下来的经-文共有两万余册。卷帙浩繁的经书，内容丰富多采。涉含哲学、历史、天文、宗教、巫医、民俗、文学、艺术等各方面，堪称纳西族古代社会的百简科全书。东巴文化以其自己独特的科研价值和艺术价值，几百年来始终吸引着许多中外学者和有志之士，前来研究翻译和观赏。东巴文化是纳西人民对世界人类的伟大贡献。

纳西古乐是古城文化的灵魂与象征，是丽江古城一道典雅的风景。纳西古乐是唐宋以来的一些词牌和曲牌音乐。在洪武年间(公元1368年)以后，这种音乐就陆续地传到了丽江。这种音乐在中原地区早已成为绝音，但自传至丽江后被广泛地传播开来，在乡村在小镇随处都听到这美妙的声音。纳西古乐保存至今，还有22个曲目，其中有的融进了纳西族自己的思想感情和演奏风格。纳西古乐被中外学者和广大音乐爱好者称为“音乐活化石”、“和平之音”、“仙乐天音”。聆听纳西古乐使人真正感受到“此曲只应天上有，人间能有几回闻”的意境。经过近二十年的弘扬与宣传，纳西古乐已走出国门走向世界，在世界乐坛上找到了自己应有的位置。1995年大研古乐会出访英国引起轰动;1997年2月在香港艺术节演出受到高度评价;1998年在被称为中国最高音乐殿坛的北京音乐厅演出，进一步证明了纳西古乐的艺术价值;1998年5月受挪威国王的邀请，在挪威国庆节上隆重演出;之后，相继前往法国、比利时、瑞典、中国台湾、美国等国家和地区演出，受到了热烈欢迎和高度评价。纳西古乐以其独特的艺术魅力放射出灿烂的光辉，日益为世界所认识和青睐。

闻名于世的丽江壁画，分布在古城及周围15座寺庙内，这些明清壁画，具有多种宗教及各教派内容融合并存的突出特点。遗存于丽江白沙村大宝积宫的大型壁画《无量寿如来会》，把汉传佛教、藏传佛教和道教的百尊神佛像绘在一起，反映了纳西族宗教文化的特点。

丽江一带迄今流传着一种图画象形文字“东巴文”。这种纳西族先民用来记录东巴教经-文的独特文字，是世界上唯一活着的图画象形文。如今分别收藏在中国以及欧美一些国家图书馆、博物馆中的20xx0多卷东巴经古籍，记录着纳西族千百年辉煌的历史文化。其中称作《磋模》的东巴舞谱，包括数十种古乐舞的舞蹈艺术中，是极为罕见的珍贵文献。被誉为古代纳西族“百科全书”的东巴经，对研究纳西族的历史、文化具有重要价值。

穿过了五一街便看到了许多小桥，在我们脚下这座小石桥大家不防坐下来休息一下，看到桥旁“百岁坊”字样，不难猜测这就是百岁坊，试想一下百岁坊的由来，一般人都会想百岁坊老人有关，这就对了。好了，关于丽江古城的介绍就先到这了，剩下的时间大家请尽情的欣赏古城风景，在欣赏的同时呢别忘了保护古城的环境。

丽江古城是云南省丽江纳西族自治县的中心城镇，位于云南省西北部，地理坐标为东经100°14′，北纬26°52′。

古城位于县境的中部，海拔2400余米。是一座风景秀丽，历史悠久和文化灿烂的名城，也是中国罕见的保存相当完好的少数民族古城。

1997年12月3日，联合国教科文组织世界遗产委员会一致通过,将丽江古城列入《世界遗产名录》。

丽江古城又名大研镇,坐落在丽江坝中部,它是中国历史文化名城中唯一没有城墙的古城，据说是因为丽江世袭统治者姓木，筑城势必如木字加框而成“困”字之故。

丽江古城的纳西名称叫“巩本知”，“巩本”为仓廪，“知”即集市，可知丽江古城曾是仓廪集散之地。

丽江古城始建于宋元，盛于明清，明代著名旅行家徐霞客的《滇游日记》曾写丽江古城中木氏土司宫邸“宫室之丽，拟于王者”。城区则“居庐骈集，萦城带谷”、“民房群落，瓦屋栉比”，可见当时丽江古城已有名。丽江古城曾是明朝丽江军民府和清朝丽江府的府衙署所在地，明朝称大研厢，清朝称大研里，民国以后改称大研镇。

丽江古城，因为集中了纳西文化的精华，并完整地保留了宋、元以来形成的历史风貌，被国务院列为国家级历史文化名城，联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产。

在丽江古城观赏什么呢?主要有以下几项：

一、登高凭胜，你可看古城形势。古城巧妙地利用了地形，西有狮子山，北有象山、金虹山，背西北而向东南，避开了雪山寒气，接引东南暖风，藏风聚气，占尽地利之便。

二、临河就水，你可观古城水情。古城充分利用泉水之便,使玉河水在城中一分为三,三分成九，再分成无数条水渠。使之主街傍河、小巷临渠，使古城清净而充满生机。

三、走街入院，你可欣赏古城建筑。古城建筑全为古朴的院落民居，房屋构造简造、粗犷，而庭院布置和房屋细部装饰丰富而细腻，居民喜植四时花木，形成人与自然的美好和谐。

四、入市过桥，你可一览古城布局。古城布局自由灵活，不拘一格，民居、集市、道路、水系组织聚散合理，配置得当，再加上石、石桥、木桥、花鸟虫鱼、琴棋书画、民风民俗，生发出无穷意趣，使古城独具魅力。