丽江导游词讲解（推荐20篇）

沿入口进来的这条街叫乐善街，乐善街因连通乐善古桥而得名，是古镇特色精品水景街区，街道引白沫江之水经顺江堰，到达乐善街水景街区，最后又通过安乐堰，汇入母亲河白沫江。大家仔细看看水景街，就会发现，原来长达300余米的水渠上，架有十来座人行桥，更独特的是，这里的每座桥都是完全不一样的风格，有拱桥、平桥、石墩桥、踏板桥……每一座桥都有不同的来历，大家如果感兴趣，可以到桥上走走，看个究竟。

平乐乐善街最大的特点就是集中了平乐的美食和酒吧娱乐。如果您想尝到平乐古镇最有特色的碗碗羊肉，或者想尝到特色的钵钵鸡、奶汤面或者其他中餐美食，那您得好好品位下乐善街，一定可以找到您喜欢吃的东西。在这条街还有平乐古镇的特色商品以及富有特色的酒吧文化，喜欢休闲的您，是否想走进去看看?

经过近年来的保护开发，平乐古镇目前已是“国家AAAA级旅游景区”、“中国历史文化名镇”、“全国重点镇”、“全国环境优美乡镇”，在20__年、06年还被评为“成都市十大魅力城镇”和“成都市十佳景区”之一，每年接待海内外游客达上百万人次。

现在我们来到了十字路口，在这里就可以看到平乐古镇核心区保护区的街道了，面对大桥，您的左边就是台子街，上有古戏台，下有字库街，是古镇古老的场镇所在的位置，过去的人们在这里唱戏，下面观戏和喝彩的，还有卖小吃，经常热闹至深夜。字库街古有字库塔，遵循“一字值千金”的古训，昔时读书人的废纸不可随意丢弃，皆需集中到“字库塔”焚烧，以示崇尚文化之意，字库街以此而得名。在您的右边就是江西街了——这里因曾作为平乐古镇最大的会馆——江西会馆的所在地而得名，江西会馆后因年代久远被毁，现存民居铺面皆为晚清前后时期建设，但依然保留了古代江西街的风貌，被称为“茶马驿站第一街”。

尊敬的各位游客你们好!今天我们要游览丽江古城，希望你们能在丽江古城留下美好的回忆!

各位游客我们正漫步丽江古城，大家看，我们周围是鳞次栉比的纳西风格的民居，清清的溪流国巷，一座座小桥如彩虹横跨小溪，一排排垂柳在清风中摇曳，还有更好的呢!大家跟我往前走，看着两旁古城中，店铺林立各式商品应有尽有，尤其是那各式的光亮铜器，一直都是广大游客为之称道的。好了下面请大家慢慢欣赏吧，可千万别掉队呀!

游客们，你们知道不知道丽江自古就是重要的政治经济中心，四方街丽江木府是丽江历史的见证。说道木府，传说中丽江世袭土司为木姓，木字若加上框即成困，木府便因忌讳而不设墙。中国明代旅行家徐霞客曾在丽江游记中写道“宫室丽，拟于王者”“民房群落，瓦屋栉比”是对当年丽江故都之繁荣景观的写照。

各位游客朋友，今天丽江古都一日游马上就要结束了，大家玩的开心吗?还要注意环保，不要乱丢垃圾。希望下次还能为大家做导游!

汽车经过弯弯曲曲的盘山公路把我们带到了后山的云谷寺，从这儿有直接上白鹅岭的索道，但我们最终还是选择了步行。凭着年轻人的豪气和一种征服的欲望，我们用双脚走完了十五里的山路，对于我们而言，倒也是不小的创举。

说是山路，早已有了人的参与。路由台阶铺成，延绵曲折，上升着，左右拐着，拐过去不见了，转过来却又是一段望不到头的路。由此我想到了人生的路不也是这样么?只是要比这复杂，要曲折，要难走得多，或许还会有很多的绝路。我不知道我是否会成功地走完，但我相信，我有勇气走下去。

所谓走路不看景，看景不走路，路走多了，人便觉得累了，于是不时地驻步观景，一边休息，一边欣赏这人间天堂赐予我们的奇峰怪石，清水异树。黄山巧妙的搭配了三xx大峰和三十六座小峰，每座峰都有自己的名字，每座峰都有一个美丽的故事。高峰深谷，幽潭天柱，衬出山的巍峨，水的清秀。黄山的每块石头也都有一个名字，一个典故，仙人指路，喜鹊登梅，天狗望日，梦笔生花，猴子观海，带着一份神秘，更带着一份仙气。黄山的峰多，石多，水更多。云海上下，有三十六源，二十四溪，十六泉，八潭，四瀑。清泉瀑布从山上直流而下，形成了一个个潭，大大小小的潭，水清见底，冰凉刺骨。水声一直伴我们到白鹅岭，经常我们会只听见水声而看不见水，透过密密的树叶儿隐约会看到一条由上而下的银带，路头一转，那清泉小溪便整个儿的呈现于眼前了。

一路低头走路，偶尔抬头看天，山尖的四周围着一团雾，那时候便觉得整个人脱壳的上升了，到天边，到云际。作文

索道只需要八分钟的路程，我们整整走了三个小时，站在白鹅岭上小憩，说不出是累是乏，也说不出是兴奋是激动，有的是一种惬意和自豪，如同人生的路，走得不易，但终究是要走的，只要走得有有股子傲气就行了。

Ladies and gentlemen, now Xiao Li is going to take you to thenext scenic spot, Lijiang ancient city, which is also the most famous scenicspot in Lijiang. Just coming out of the jade clear Yuquan park at the foot ofXiangshan Mountain, we have to follow the Yuquan water flowing from thenorthwest end of the ancient city to the south of the city to the ancient cityof Lijiang, known as "Gusu on the plateau" and "Venice in the East". Here, youwill think that how can Xiao Li exaggerate the name of this plateau town? Infact, it is not exaggerated by Xiao Li at all. The ancient city of Lijiang isdivided into three tributaries, the West River, the middle river and the EastRiver, and then into countless tributaries because of the Yuquan water runningthrough the whole city. There are also many longtans and springs in the city.Taking advantage of this favorable condition, the ancient city has a free layoutof streets and no need for neat network. The main street is next to the river,and the alleys are close to the canals. The clear spring water flows through thestreet and the town, and through the walls and houses. The poetic flavor of"every family flows with water, and every family hangs with Yang" is a trueportrayal of the ancient city. Although it is a small town in Yunnan GuizhouPlateau, it has the characteristics of Jiangnan Water Town.

Lijiang ancient city is also called Dayan town. It is composed of Dayan,Baisha and Shuhe. Dayan ancient city is the representative of them, so peopleoften call it Dayan ancient city or Dayan town. In addition, Dayan ancient cityis located in the center of Lijiang basin. In the southwest corner of theancient city, there stands a writing brush which is similar to Shutian giantpen. Lijiang basin is like a big inkstone made of Jasper. In ancient times,"Yan" and "inkstone" are interlinked, so the ancient city is called Dayan. Wearrived at the ancient city. The most attractive thing at the entrance of thecity should be a pair of waterwheel. Some people say it is a son and motherwaterwheel, while others say it is a lover waterwheel. There used to bewaterwheel in the ancient city, but today it is also used in some remoteplaces.

The ancient city was formed in the late Southern Song Dynasty and has ahistory of more than 800 years. It covers an area of 3.8 square kilometers andhas a permanent population of about 30000. In 1986, it became a nationalhistorical and cultural city. In 1997, it was listed as a world culturalheritage. Lijiang Ancient City has the same characteristics as Suzhou ancientcity, such as "small bridge, flowing water and family". Besides, it also has itslocation, street and house layout, Naxi dwellings and so on There is apattern.

Lijiangs world cultural heritage consists of three parts: Baisha ancienttown, Shuhe ancient town and Dayan ancient town. But for you, the mostattractive thing is Dayan ancient town. There are many entrances to the ancienttown. You follow Xiaoli to enter from the entrance on the right. After you seethe conspicuous waterwheel, on the right is the Zhaobi with President JiangZemins inscription, and there are three rooms and one Zhaobi houses in theancient town Its like you can see one of them. Further to the right is thewater dragon column. The dragon is in charge of water. The civil buildings inthe ancient city are most afraid of fire, but water can overcome fire.Therefore, the water dragon column represents the desire of the people in theancient city to avoid fire. For thousands of years, the people of the ancientcity have taken good care of the ancient city like their own eyes. Please alsotake good care of the ancient city like the people of the ancient city. If youlook at the world cultural heritage logo, the circle represents the earth andnature, the box represents the politeness created by human beings, the circleand the box are connected, representing the harmony between man and nature.Lijiang ancient city is a masterpiece of the harmony between man and nature.These stone carvings on the right can be called Lijiangs "Qingming River map",which is a rich Naxi style painting. At our feet is "bagtu", which was createdby Naxi ancestors according to the theory of five elements. Dongba priests oftenuse it to determine the location and divination.

Xiao Li has told you so much in the ancient city, and you have seen somuch, but he is about to enter the ancient city. How can he not see the gate? Infact, you cant see it. Its also a wonder of Lijiang ancient city, that is, youcant see the city gate or the city wall, because there is no city wall or thecity gate in the ancient city, because the head of Naxi nationalitys surname is"Mu". If the city wall and the city gate are built, it will become "trapped". Sothere is no city wall or the city gate in the ancient city.

Ladies and gentlemen, there must be such a question in mind. There are manyancient cities like this in China. Why is this remote ancient city on theplateau chosen? If you want to get the answer, please follow Xiao Li. A lane, afamily, a careless you stand in a hundred years of history, this feeling, on theroad, in various courtyards, you can feel everywhere. Therefore, this ancientcity is not built for filming or mystery. Its a real and living ancient city.If you look at it, you will feel that its much smoother than the road you justwalked. The stone slabs with five flowers seem to have a lot of gravel in them.However, its a kind of lejiaoyan unique to Lijiang. Its collected from thesurrounding mountains. Because of its colorful colors, the local people call itfive flowers Stone, pedestrian horse tread, after hundreds of years, polishedsmooth and transparent, first-class rain, poetic at your feet, this street iscalled Xinhua street.

On both sides of the street, you can occasionally see couplets of differentcolors pasted on the doors of some peoples houses. Some Naxi people have died,and they all have to commemorate three years. The first year is white coupletwith black characters, the second year is green couplet with black characters,and the third year is couplet pasted. This is the nostalgia of Naxi people fortheir dead relatives. After some forest like pavements, clear river water, smallbridges and weeping willows, it is printed in your eyes, but you dont see itPassing by such a clear river, I can see rows of tables and chairs and bursts ofmusic coming into my ears. This is what the guests call "Foreigner Street".However, the shops on this street are not run by foreigners. The bars there arebookish, rebellious and pure business. Everyone can get what they want. Theconvenient place for people in the city to "recharge" in Lijiang is to find thefeeling in the bar, especially for foreigners. There are friends, there arebridges, water, as long as not drunk, life can find a moment of carefree.

After passing the bar street, you can see a small stone bridge, which iscalled pea bridge because it sold peas there earlier. The small gate building onthe west of the bridge is Kegong square. Kegong square is named in the alleybehind the square. In the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, there were twobrothers of the Yang family in the alley, and in the Daoguang period, theiryounger brother was elected again. This is a matter of pride for Lijiang people.In order to praise the Yang family and encourage them, the government praisedthem This is a special place.

Standing there, looking to the East, you can see a vast expanse of space.This is the central square of the ancient city, which covers an area of aboutfive mu. There are two main reasons why it is called Sifang street. One reasonis that the shape of the square is very similar to the square seal of themagistrate. The Tusi named it Sifang street, which means "Quan Zhen Sifang".Some people say that the roads there lead to all directions Its a hub of peopleand logistics in all directions, so its called Sifang street. So why is Sifangstreet so famous? If the silk road is another world-famous trade channel in thenorth of China, there is also a trade channel in the south of China called "teahorse ancient road". It is a trade channel for the horses, fur, Tibetan medicineand other specialties in the Tibetan area and Lijiang, as well as tea, silk,jewelry and other commodities in the south. Lijiang ancient city is an importanttown on the tea horse ancient road, and Sifang street is an important town Sinceancient times, Sifang street, a trade center, has been an open-air fair with ahistory of 300 years. It is necessary to realize the mystery of Sifang street.In the early morning, people who get up early begin to buy breakfast, which is ahazy Sifang street. In the afternoon, traders who buy Copper, mountain goods andsnacks form a prosperous market, which is energy Sifang street is full ofvitality; its just dark, when businessmen go home, there are still people andsunshine left after a time of friction. The old people basking in the sun at thebridge head are replaced by children playing, and the bars on both sides showthe oily light of night. This is Sifang Street with makeup. At about two oclockin the morning, Sifang street people go to empty streets, and the alleys areunpredictable, only the sound of flowing water rises and falls Lijiang faces thesky. "Li Jun

There are three major events in Lijiang mens life: building a house,marrying a daughter-in-law, and basking in the sun. Lijiang men have an unusualhobby and a lot of time for planting flowers, raising birds, writing, drawingand playing mahjong. Men are good at all kinds of activities in the hospital. Inaddition, one of their favorite outdoor activities is sitting in. Naxi Women canonly sleep in one day on the first day of the Lunar New Year. From "Pan Ji Mei"to "a nai", the blink of an eye is only two words "industrious". Naxi Women workfrom morning to night, from physical work to small business, from cleaning upthe fields to killing pigs, from sewing clothes to making a fire to cook. Theyare all like Fairies in the world, while men have no time to do so. Naxi peoplehave a large number of Chinese people, which makes people dizzying. It can notbe said that Naxi Women have brought up Naxi culture.

Naxi people are good at learning, which can also be reflected in theresidential buildings in the ancient city. While absorbing the architecturalstyles of Han, Tibetan, Bai and other nationalities, the ancient city dwellingsalso integrate the national architectural culture and aesthetic consciousness,forming many architectural styles with Naxi characteristics, such as three roomsand one screen wall, four in five patio, front and back courtyard, one inseveral courtyard, etc., and forming a strong foundation in the setting ofgatehouse and front porch, patio paving, Liuhe door and its decoration Thecharacteristics of local culture and national culture. If you ask which part ofthe courtyard is the most distinctive, it is the Liuhe gate of the main room andthe window core on the Liuhe gate, which is called "four seasons Bo Gu".Although these are also the results of learning Han, Tibetan, Bai and othernational cultures. But at the moment, there is no other nation like Naxi. Everyfamily must have Liuhe gate and "four seasons Bogu". Look at this six door,which can be installed or removed. Its convenient and flexible. When itsopened, its the door and when its closed, its the window. Usually, only themiddle two doors are opened. If there are many red and white guests at home andit is inconvenient to walk, the six doors can be removed. The window core carvedon the Liuhe gate is called "four seasons Bo Gu". In the composition, famousflowers and different flowers, auspicious birds and auspicious animals, andperfect allusions are used to express the perfect wishes of Naxi people for fourauspicious seasons, happiness and longevity, and for farming and reading theirdescendants. You can see that there are different patterns on the six doors,which are "pines and cranes with spring", "spring" and "longevity", which are"magpies competing for plum", which are "winter" and "joy", which are "Eaglesstanding on chrysanthemums", which are "autumn" and "blessing", which are"egrets in the sky", which are "summer" and "Lu", which are "peacock Magnolia"and "Golden Rooster peony". Please think about it What moral do theyrepresent.

After crossing Wuyi street, you can see many small bridges. At the foot ofthis small stone bridge, you cant help sitting down and having a rest. When yousee the words "centenary square" beside the bridge, its not hard to guess thatthis is centenary square. Just imagine the origin of centenary square. Mostpeople think that centenary square is related to the old people. Thatsright.

纳西族善于学习也可反映在古城的民居建筑上。古城民居在广泛吸收汉、藏、白等民族建筑风格的同时，也把本民族的建筑文化和审美意识融于其中，构成了许多具有纳西特色的三房一照壁、四合五天井、前后院、一进数院等建筑风格，并在门楼、前廊的设置和天井铺地、六合门及其装饰等方面构成了浓郁的地方特色和民族特色。

如果问四合院里哪一部份最富有特色，那就是堂屋的六合门和六合门上的窗蕊—“四季博古”。虽说这些也是学习汉、藏、白等民族文化的结果。可是到了此刻，已没有哪一个民族像纳西族这样每家都必有六合门和“四季博古”。您看这六合门，可装可卸，方便灵活，开则为门，闭则为窗。平时只开中间两扇，如遇家中有红、白事客人较多，行走不方便时，则六扇门均可卸下。六合门上所雕的窗蕊称为“四季博古”，构图上用名花异卉，吉鸟瑞兽、完美典故，以此寄托纳西人民四季吉祥、福禄寿喜、耕读传家的完美意愿。大家看到这六扇门上都有各自不一样的图案，这是“松鹤同春”、寓“春”和“寿”，这是“喜鹊争梅”、寓“冬”和“喜”，这是“鹰立菊丛”、寓“秋”和“福”，这是“鹭鸶天莲”、寓“夏”和“禄”，这是“孔雀玉兰”、“锦鸡牡丹”，请大家都想想看它们都分别代表了什么寓意。

穿过了五一街便看到了许多小桥，在我们脚下这座小石桥大家不防坐下来休息一下，看到桥旁“百岁坊”字样，不难猜测这就是百岁坊，试想一下百岁坊的由来，只要想百岁坊与老人有关，就对了。

各位游客：

你们好，欢迎你们来到成都旅游，我是你们的导游__。

四川成都天台山隶属邛崃山脉,位于中国优秀旅游城市、巴蜀四大古城之一的“文君故里”邛崃市,距成都110公里。

在烈日炎炎的夏天到来了，我们来到了天台山游玩。天台山是一座又高又美的山。

走到天台山的脚下，就会看见蝴蝶滩，那里四季鲜花盛开，美不胜收，所以招引来了五彩缤纷的蝴蝶，让我们犹如走进了美丽的春天。

看完蝴蝶滩，走上半山腰，就能看到一个使人心醉的雨竹林。外面本是烈日当空，当我们进入雨竹林后，里面却是竹影斑蓝。汗流满面的我们，微风一起，感到格外凉爽。雨竹林里有一个八角形的小亭子，在亭子的外面有一个小型的港口，那里有小竹伐，坐上小竹伐，顺着绿得像一块玉的小溪，就可以到山上去游玩、参观。

在那环形的小溪里，我们划着精致的小竹伐慢慢的逆流而上，随着竹伐的漂游，拍打起绿色的小水珠，飘在我们的身上，让我们感到凉爽且有几分寒意。好不容易来到了山上。突然，看见一个布满青苔的山岩横挡在我们的面前，山岩上有一个小瀑布流了下来，当我们走近的时候水花四溅，犹如进入了春天的雨中。正当我想怎么过去的时候，突然看到从岩上掉下来一根又粗又长的绳子，我手拉绳子，使尽了全身力气胆战心惊的爬上了山岩。真是“山重水复疑无路，柳暗花明有一村”。上岩后我们才知道这里叫龙泉岩。

上了龙泉岩就可以来到天台山的山顶，顶峰上有一个鱼塘，鱼塘里有红的金鱼、黑白交错的花斑鱼、肥肥的鲢鱼、还有吃着青草的草鱼。鱼塘上面有一座小桥，小桥的石柱上刻着名人名句：“三人行，必有我师焉。”还有：“有朋至远方来，不亦乐乎。”……好象是欢迎四面八方的朋友到这里来玩。

若你到了天台山，有看不完的美景，更会给你带来无比的好心情。有机会请你一定要去看一看哦!

来到位于四川省邛崃市高何镇的国家重点风景名胜区天台山游览。两个小时后就来到游览区大门外，买到门票后，顺着公路上山，一路上不是让人喝茶、吃饭、休息的山庄，就是一些普普通通的山色，让人觉得平淡无奇，我顿感失望。

但刚转过一个大弯，就来到半山腰的观云海处，眼前的景色突变。我站在路边往山下一看，到处白茫茫一片，这么漂亮的云雾我还是第一次看见，云雾多而美，不停地在空中翻滚，山下高大而茂盛的树木在云雾中若隐若现。我呆呆地望着这壮丽的云海，仿佛自己就是这个白色世界中腾云驾雾的神仙了。

当我还沉浸在飘然欲仙的情景中时，爸爸妈妈就叫我往下一个景点赶去。要到“小九寨”需穿过一条河，过了桥便是茂密的树林，树林里保持着原始的风貌，里面生长着许多世界上稀有的兰草和乔木，路边的垃圾桶是用树桩做的，护拦也是用树木搭建而成。走出树林便是一片宽大而平静的河面，河水清澈见底，河面上飘着淡淡的云雾，为“小九寨”增添了几分神秘的色彩，我赶紧站在旁边的大石头上叫爸爸为我拍一张照，把“小九寨”的美景永远地留在我的身边。

游完“小九寨”，我们停好车，徒步上山，向长虹瀑布走去。上山的路是用一块块石板铺成的，非常平整。刚走到长虹索桥就可听到瀑布的水声，来到两百多米高的瀑布下，水声更是如雷贯耳，溅起的水花如轻纱一般，漂亮极了，水花拍打在我身上，感到一种透心的凉，不慎打了一个冷颤。

山上还有许多景点，但天色接近暮色，我们恋恋不舍地驱车下山了。如果我有机会再到天台山，一定要饱览它所有的美景。

今天，我有幸来到有着‘玩水胜地，避暑天堂’美誉的天台山。

从天台山脚下到正天台，如果坐观光车要30分钟~40分钟，如果步行的话要走3个小时~4个小时。天台山主峰海拔有1098km，比其他的山矮一些。

天台山是玩水胜地，不玩水，可说是白来了这天台山。天台山距成都市120多公里。天台山享有“九寨归来不看水，天台归来不玩水”的美誉，夏日的天台山，平均气温为20摄氏度，潺潺地小溪、两大飞瀑构成一片水的世界，是一个理想的避暑胜地。一进入山中，一阵清爽的凉风扑面而来，空气中也透着山野的清新，与城中燥热的空气迥然不同，让人顿感心旷一股沁心的凉意从心底而生。

从正天台下车后，走了十几分钟就到十八里香草沟，玩水现在开始了。

十八里香草沟还开发了很多水上娱乐项目，有“子母木船、龙拱车翻水、滑水、划竹排、水上秋千、水上爬梯、翻水车、水上碰碰车、水上速滑、蜻蜓点水”等玩水亲水项目，长长的斜坡上固定了很多绳索供游人踩水攀爬。在流淌的溪水上面荡秋千可谓千姿百态;过那个似秋千一样的索道桥时也有点悬，很不好控制平衡。

狭长的山沟中，溪流从山峰蜿蜒而下，如同穿梭山林间的白龙，随着地势的起伏不定，时而如龙啸九天，时而如游龙潜底，匍匐前行。古林修竹夹岸遮天，香草贴水丛生，远处，河水顺着陡斜的山势奔泻下，当遇到石头的阻挡，立刻水花四溅，气势宏伟。

天台山真是“玩水胜地，避暑天堂”啊!

炎炎夏日之下，署日连连之时，让人感到无比受用，流连忘反……

各位游客：大家好!

我叫周杨，是大家这次游丽江的导游。

我们正前往丽江古城的路上。这座古城位于盆地的中心，建于宋朝，到现在已有800多年的历史，1997年被列入世界文化遗产。

现在，我们已经来到了古城。城口那一双水车，大家称它为子母水车，是古城的标志。大家顺着水就可以进城，逆着水就能出城，不会迷路。

大家随我进城。街道两边清澈的河水，弯弯曲曲的小桥，微风拂动的柳树，这云南高原小镇，是不是有江南水乡的特色呢?大家从这个大石桥往远处看，山顶上有皑皑白雪的，就是玉龙雪山。

现在，我们来到四方街，这是古城的中心，道路通向四面八方，著名的茶马古道从这里经过。白天人们在这里买卖商品，每当夜幕降临，纳西族人手拉手跳舞、唱歌。

祝各位游客在古城玩得开开心心。

旅客朋友们，大家好，欢迎来到张家界游览，今天很高兴能为你们做导游，我姓邓，大家就叫我小邓吧。在今天的游览日程里，我会竭诚为大家服务，为使大家有一个良好的游览环境，在游览过程中，请大家讲究文明卫生，不要吸烟，不要乱丢果皮杂物，为了保护洞内景观及设施，请大家不要触击景物，带有相机的朋友还请不要翻越栏杆照相，谢谢您的合作，祝愿大家旅游愉快。

今天我们要参观的地方就是黄龙洞，如今的黄龙洞与过去相比已是焕然一新。现在大家所在的位置就是黄龙洞的入口也是其出口，进入洞内首先要经过百米长廊，这百米长廊道路窄小、光线阴暗，行动不是很方便，希望大家一路小心，注意安全。大家注意，前面就是双门迎宾，走过这道双门，就来到了黄龙洞的大厅――龙舞厅，洞内异常的宽敞，布局尤为巧妙，到处灯光闪烁，里面的景物，千奇百怪，有些景物左看像人，右看像物，别具一格，洞内还有很多造型奇特、颜色各异的石笋和钟乳石，真让人目不暇接，整个洞内的氛围既恐怖又刺激。再往下走大家会发现一个很长的石笋，叫定海神针，这种石笋一百年才长一厘米。继续前行，我们会看到一个约有一千米长的小河流，据说这是一条黄龙洗澡的阴河。

心动了吧!心动不如行动，那大家就跟我往前走吧，更加美丽的景观还在前头……

各位游客:

今天我们大家参观的是陕西历史博物馆.这座博物馆是在1991年6月20日正式建成对外开放,是目前我国规模庞大设施先进的历史博物馆,占地面积有7万平方米,建筑面积56000平方米,用以展览的面积为11000平方米,馆内现有收藏品37万件.这座博物馆是遵照周恩来总理的遗愿,由国家计委和陕西省政府共同投资1.44亿元人民币,所修建的一座艺术殿堂。

陕西历史博物馆的设计呢,是由中国建筑学界泰斗梁思成大师的关门弟子张锦秋女士所担任.建筑的外观为仿唐风格,着意突出了盛唐风采,反应了一个辉煌时代的风貌;布局上,还借鉴了中国宫殿建筑"轴线对称、中央殿堂、四隅崇楼、高低错落、主从有序“的特点，突出了古朴、凝重并创造了一种古代帝宫与传统园林相结合的氛围，象征着中国悠久的历史和灿烂的文化;

陕西历史博物馆的陈列分为《基本陈列》、《专题陈列》、《临时展览》等三大部分组成。基本陈列也就是常设陈列，它为《陕西古代史》，系统地向我们大家展现了陕西自蓝田猿人至战争的发展过程，突出了周秦汉唐等封建社会的盛世和陕西在中国历史上的重要地位。

现在我们来到的就是序言大厅，我们可以发现这里的序言不是文字，而是巨型照片。奔腾咆哮的黄河和绵亘无垠的黄土高原，它既是古代陕西人赖以生存的自然环境，也是陕西历史文化孕育、产生和不断发展的基础与前提。在这两幅照片的背后，还陈列着中华民族人文初祖轩辕黄帝陵墓的巨照，标志陕西古代文明、中华古代文明的开端。

这些用照片构成的无言之序，通过宽广浑厚的场面，象征着陕西历史文化的博大精深和绵延久远，以及具有世界性影响的人文传统精神。在厅中央我们看到的这尊巨狮,是来自于女皇武则天母亲杨氏的顺陵之前,它呢高大雄伟,勘称为东方狮.在古代的时候,狮子与狮子的雕刻艺术是从阿富汗传入的,因此呀,这尊狮子它不仅是陕西历史文化反映,同时也是东西方文化交流的产物.

陕西古代史的个段落是史前史，时间范围是距今约115万年前至公元前21世纪。这一时期的每一段落都有重大发现，文化高峰迭起年、并首尾相连，在全国突出地位。首先大家所看到的就是蓝田猿人的头像。她是1964年在蓝田县公王岭发现的，是一位年纪约30多岁的女性。蓝田猿人距今约115万年，是迄今所知亚洲北部早的直立人。在距今约20万年左右人类就已经发展到了智人阶段。陕西地区的大荔人便是其中的一个代表，在距今约8000年左右，人类就已经进入了新石器时代。老官台文化是陕西境内已知早的新石器时代的文化遗存。

新旧石器时代区别主要有三个重要标志：一是学会了制造陶器;二已经定居并有了原始农业;三是出现了磨制石器。仰韶文化是新石器时代发展的一个阶段。这类文化遗存由于是1921年首次发现于河南渑池县仰韶村，因此得名。又因为在这类文化遗存中发现了大量的彩陶，所以叫“彩陶文化”。半坡遗址是仰韶文化的一个重要组成部分，也是母系氏族公社时期的繁荣阶段。

后来，随着社会经济的发展，男子取代女子，在社会中处于支配地位。人类就进入了父系社会时期。龙山文化就是父系氏族公社时期的典型文化。这类文化由于是在1928年首次发现于山东省章丘县的龙山镇，因此得名。又因为发现了大量的灰陶，因此龙山文化也被称为“灰陶文化”或“黑陶文化”。龙山文化之后，我国历史进入了传说时代，也就是历史上所说的“军事民主制时期”。

黄帝就是这个时期一位杰出的领袖，他被尊为中华民族的祖先。每年清明，海内外的炎黄子孙来到黄帝陵寻根问祖，认同中华文化，爱国之情在这里升华，从而产生一种强大的凝聚力和向心力。在黄帝之后，人类历史上又出现了三位杰出的领袖，他们是尧、舜、禹。后来，大禹的儿子启建立了夏朝。于此，中国便进入了奴隶制王朝的统治时期。夏王朝的政治中心在河南，陕西境内主要是周族的发生、发展与兴盛。周族实际上经历了周民族、周方国、西周王朝三个不同的发展阶段。

现在我们所看到的这个文物叫做“鼎”，它是奴隶制王朝鼎盛时期西周的一个青铜器。青铜是指铜和锡的合金，因颜色青灰而得名。而鼎呢，它本来是一种炊具，即煮肉的锅，后来随着礼乐制度的强化，鼎也逐渐成为一种权利和等级的象征。传说夏禹曾制九鼎，代表天下九州，作为政权的象征。以后就把取得天下叫做“定鼎”。春秋时，五霸之一的楚庄王就曾遣使询问周朝九鼎的大小轻重，以后“问鼎”就成为企图篡夺政权的代名词。我们现在所说的成语“逐鹿中原”，“鹿死谁手”，“孰人敢来问鼎”等都与这件文物有关。

鼎，一般可分为圆顶和方顶。圆顶一般为鼓腹，双耳，三足，整个造型给人以稳定、威武的感觉。所以，人们用狮胸虎足来形容它。而成语中的“大名鼎鼎”，“三足鼎立”，则是从另一方面反映了它的造型特征。青铜器上的纹饰是研究青铜艺术的重要内容，也成为中国艺术史的一个重要组成部分，在一定程度上反映了当时人们的思想观念。青铜器上的纹饰可分为两大类，即：动物纹和几何纹。总的特点是神秘怪诞，很难看懂。这是因为作器者本意是为了用它祭祀天、地、鬼神和祖宗。一般人看不懂正说明他构思成功。

随着周幽王“烽火戏诸侯”，公元前771年犬戎族入侵，使西周走向灭亡。周平王迁都洛邑，东周开始。但周王朝实际上已名存实亡了。中原大地上先后出现了“战国七雄”：齐、楚、燕、韩、赵、魏、秦。七国的战争持续了200多年。公元前221年，中国历史上位皇帝——秦王嬴政“扫六合而荡天下”，建立了统一的中央集权制的封建国家。秦始皇统一六国后，为了维护其统治，采取了一系列措施，在全国范围内统一了文字、货币、法律、车轨和度量衡等。

我们现在看到的这个货币就是秦统一六国之后的通行货币——秦半两。上面的这些货币就是统一前六国的货币。货币的不统一大大地阻碍了经济的发展。于是，方孔圆形的半两钱便应运而生。古人讲“天园地方”，并且是天包地，所以秦半两就意味着“圆以象天，方以则地”。这种精神为以后两千多年的封建统治者所接受，并一直保持到清末。

秦始皇号称“千古一帝”，但同时他也是历史上一位有名的暴君，残暴的统治终于激起了人们的反抗。陈胜、吴广领导的大泽乡起义爆发了。随后四年的“楚汉相争”推翻了秦王朝的统治。公元前202年，汉高祖刘邦登基，汉王朝就正式登上了历史舞台。

汉朝是一个十分重要的历史朝代，它的各项发展对中国历史上以后各朝代的发展奠定了基础，并产生了深远的影响。构成中华民族主体的汉族也是在这个时候正式形成。中国懂得方块字也是从这一时期起被称为“汉字”。汉王朝成了当时世界强盛的一个国家。所以，今天世界上许多国家还把“汉”作为中国和中国人的代称。

现在请大家看这副“丝绸之路”示意图。它中国古老的一条贸易通道，也是横贯欧亚大陆的一条贸易通道。它为东西文化交流、通商提供了有利的条件。沟通欧亚大陆的这条举世闻名的丝绸之路是由西汉武帝时期的张骞开通的。张骞是我们陕西城固人，他于公元前138年应政府招募出使西域。经历了十年时间和种.种磨难，熟悉了西域的政治、军事、地理、风俗民情。沟通了汉与西域各国的关系。因此史书上把张骞的这次出使、也称为“凿空”。

公元前119年，汉武帝又先后两次派遣张骞出使西域。“丝绸之路”全长7000多公里，在中国境内4000多公里。“丝绸之路”开通后，商队往来不断，经济贸易十分活跃。促进了农业和科学技术交流，为中西文化开创了新纪元。由于这条路先主要过往做丝绸生意的商人，所以把这条通道也称为“丝绸之路”。通过这条道路，我国的丝绸不断输出。在当时的罗马，中国的丝绸与黄金等价。因此，丝绸又被称为“软黄金”。从此，西域的葡萄、苜蓿、石榴了、黄瓜、蚕豆、核桃、芝麻、菠菜、黑米、猕猴桃等物产传入我国。我国的种茶、凿井、冶炼等生产技术也传入西域。“丝绸之路”就好像一条绚丽而坚韧的纽带沟通了亚欧大陆，也使世界上出现了两颗明珠。从此，世界上就有了“东有长安，西有罗马”之说。

汉王朝不仅有发达的经济贸易活动，军事力量也非常强大,1965年，从咸阳杨家湾的一座汉墓中出土了大批兵马俑。这座汉墓属于汉高祖刘邦长陵的陪葬墓。据同出的“银镂玉衣”推测，墓主人可能是汉初名将周勃或其子周亚夫。在杨家湾出土的俑群中，有骑兵俑583件，各种人俑1965件。这些汉兵马俑大的身高48.5厘米，小的身高44.5厘米。大多数做武士打扮，个别做跳舞、奏乐、指挥等姿势。拿这批汉兵马俑与秦兵马俑相比较，秦俑虎背熊腰，是赳赳武士的形象，时刻准备着出发去打仗。汉俑仅有秦俑的三分之一大，但灵气十足，愉悦欢畅。

也从一个侧面表明了当时国富民强、和平安定和人民的悠然自乐。在秦俑里，我们从外形看不出有指挥官，但在汉俑里则可以看出;另一方面，军阵形式也发生了变化。秦兵马俑以步兵为前锋，战车为突击力量，骑兵甚少。而汉兵马俑中骑兵所占的比例却大的多。汉王朝也正是凭借着这支强大的骑兵才战胜了不可一世的游牧民族——匈奴。这也是世界历史上农业民族次大规模的战胜游牧民族。

经过四年的楚汉相争，国力大大削弱。汉初“天子不能俱纯驷，而将相或乘牛车”。意思是说，在汉朝初年马匹很少，以至于找不到四匹颜色相同的马为皇帝拉辇。而一般将相的车辆只能用牛羊拉了。但是汉王朝励精图治，养马业得到了高度发展，使汉代骑兵的马源充足，所以汉代骑兵业得到了发展。杨家湾的汉三千彩绘兵马俑就是一个有力的印证。

汉朝灭亡后，我国历史进入了魏晋南北朝时期。这一时期从公元220年北魏建立开始，到公元589年隋统一结束，历时369年。这一时期政权更迭，战乱频繁，可以说是中国历史和陕西历史上依次伟大的大融合时期。公元581年，北周大将杨坚建立了隋朝。隋炀帝杨广也是历史上以为有名的暴君。公元618年，太原留守李渊起兵反隋，夺取了政权，建立了唐朝。隋唐两代是我国封建社会的鼎盛时期，也是陕西历史文化的黄金时代，现代的海外华人自称“唐人”，他们居住的地方称为“唐人街”，反映了唐代对后世子孙产生的影响。

在唐时，人们的生活比较安定，就有更多的时间从事各种娱乐活动。打马球便是其中的娱乐项目之一。现在就请大家看这幅《打马球图》。这是从章怀太子墓中出土的。马球，也叫波罗球，球似拳头大小，朱红色，皮革制成，是由波斯，即今天的伊朗传入我国的。这幅图画形象生动的描绘出了唐代马球运动的精彩场面。画面上有骑马人物二十多个，他们足蹬黑靴，身穿窄袖长袍。前五个手拉缰绳，右手持月芽形球杖，有的驱马抡球，有的反身击球，姿态矫健，得心应手。其它骑手也姿态各异。场面生动，围绕着滚动的小球展开了激烈的争夺。画家巧妙的抓住了马球运动的瞬间场面，使比赛的紧张气氛溢于画外。

在唐朝的时候，上至宫延皇帝，下至文武百官，甚至连妇女都爱打马球。尤其是许多皇帝，都是马球运动的爱好者,甚至成为马球健将。据史料记载:唐中宗景虎年间,吐蕃派使者迎接金城公主,提出要与汉人比赛马球,经中宗同意后,双方展开较量。回合以汉人失败而告终。这时一旁观看的临淄王,即后来的唐玄宗李隆基,亲自率领球队进行比赛。终于以精湛的球技转败为胜,一时在京城传为佳话。唐代的皇宫禁苑大多筑有马球场,有的贵族官僚还有自己的马球场.唐代以后,马球队运动就开始流行全国,直到明朝末年才开始逐渐衰败。近几年来,在西安东郊也开展过。这幅画的表现技法相当讲究，极富真实感和立体感。可见这幅马球图达到的不止是惟妙惟肖的境界，而且也从一个侧面再现了大唐时期国泰民安、繁荣昌盛的社会情况，再现了大唐雄风。

唐王朝的外交活动也是非常活跃的。我们现在看到的就是从章怀太子墓中出土的另一幅壁画《迎宾图》。画面上的前面几个人是热情的朝廷官员，后面三个人是外国和我国古代少数民族的使臣。经考证，三人中个是印度人，第二个是朝鲜人，第三个是突厥人。这幅画形象的再现了唐代官员接待外国使臣的场面。反映了唐王朝活跃的外交活动以及同外国和我国少数民族友好往来的实况。大家请注意看，在这幅画面的下角有一位个子比较矮的唐代朝廷官员，这就反映了唐代对人才是非常渴求的。只要你有才能，不管长得个高或个矮，都会被重用。反映了唐朝“不拘一格降人才”的社会风貌。

隋唐两代都把长安作为其都城。隋时称为大兴城，唐时称为长安城。规模宏大的都城长安可以说是那个伟大时代的明亮窗口。透过它，可以窥见当时世界强国的各个方面。隋大兴城是少数民族建筑大师宇文恺设计并主持营建的。唐长安城是在隋大兴城的基础上，进一步修葺完善起来的。从这幅唐长安城的平面布局图中我们就可以看出：它气势宏伟，整齐划一。全城共分为宫城，皇城和外郭城三大部分。城内以朱雀大街为中轴线，由十一条纵向的大街和十四条横向的大街，把整个长安城划分为108个小区域，称为坊。正如唐朝大诗人白居易的诗中所写：“百千家似为棋局，十二街如种菜畦”。

这种布局对以后各个朝代产生了深远的影响，也为亚洲一些国家如日本、朝鲜等规划都城时所效仿。唐长安城的一个突出特点就是规模宏大。它总面积为84.1平方公里，人口超过一百万。其面积是汉代长安城的2.4倍，东罗马首都拜占庭的7倍，阿拉伯首都巴格达的6倍，明代长安城的9.3倍。它可以说是我国古代，也是世界古代规模的一座都城。

城中的中轴线朱雀大街宽155米，而横贯皇城自承天门至长乐门之间的横街竟宽达440米，这也是中外所有都城中绝无仅有的。中华民族成长壮大到了唐代，充满了开拓进取精神。因此对长安城的修筑不仅仅只着眼于实用功能的需要，还有着积极的精神追求。唐王朝也正是以其宏大的气魄和泱泱大国的气势屹立于世界民族之林，吸引了各个国家的人们来到长安。当时居住在长安城的外国人和少数民族人数约5万人。同时长安吸收融汇了来自世界各地的文化，创造了博大精深、辉煌璀灿、当时世界文化峰的唐文化。

唐代的手工业也是非常发达，唐三彩便是其中之一。它起源于西汉武帝时期。唐三彩并不专指三种颜色而是指多彩，因在唐代风行一时而得名。唐三彩是用黄、绿、赭.蓝等多种彩釉组合装饰成的一种铅铀陶器。它的制作过程是把高岭土经过挑选、冲打、淘洗、沉淀、冶炼等工艺后，捏制成形，经修饰晒干后放入窑内。经过1000度左右烧制，待冷却后饰以配制好的彩色釉料，再入窑中烧至900度后完成。西安是唐三彩的故乡。在西安附近的唐墓中出土了不少唐三彩器皿。从这里我们可以看出，唐三彩首先是一种冥器，慢慢地才发展成为一种日用品和工艺品。

唐三彩之所以闻名于世，主要有两大特点：一是以造型取胜。三彩中无论是生活用品或是房屋庭院乃至人物动物造型，都塑造的非常精美，用写实的手法反映了唐代的社会生活，在艺术上达到了令人赞叹不已的程度;二是以色彩赢人。三彩釉色虽简单，但它经烧制过程中不同色彩的釉斑向下流动，互相浸润后自然漫延，呈现出一种千变万化，班驳淋漓，彼此交融，没有明显界限的装饰艺术效果。优美、流畅，具有一种和谐的古朴之美。正如杜甫名句所言“动人春色不在多”。有限的釉色构成了丰富的艺术语汇，使唐三彩成了世界闻名的古代工艺品。

公元960年，宋代赵匡胤皇袍加身定都开封。元、明、清分别建都南京和北京。陕西从此失去了京都地位，但仍然是封建王朝控制西北、西南的军事重镇。又由于周、秦、汉、唐的灿烂文化形成一种巨大的惯性，所以这一时期陕西的经济文化仍然保持了一定的水准和发展势头。在这一时期也遗留下来了许多文物，现在呢，我们大家自由参观一下，一会我们在门口集合。

做为一个刚入行的新导游，首先要会带兰州一日游，当然兰州一日游是兰州导游最基本的东东.一般兰州一日游都是早上接6点50分的从敦煌下来的火车，接站的时候导游一般在东站口聚集，或者可以去站台接是最好的，接上以后一般是在新世纪用早餐，或者是迎宾，要末就是青香阁{灵活掌握}，当然费用签单

或者现付。用完早餐后就开始今天的行程了，在旅游大巴上开始做讲解时，一般最好不要讲考导游证的书面知识，因为当一个游客来到一个陌生的都市来说，他最关心的城市的面积，人口，教育，大学。收入 ，交通，人文，方言，包括美女，住房，消费等现实生活中的东西。如果你刚入行在从火车站接团去

黄河风情线的路上讲一些书面知识是没人听，因为这是在车上，客人最关心的是车窗外的新鲜事物，也就是说沿途看到什么讲什么，才能抓住游客的吸引力。假如从火车站接团你可能会讲到，兰州火车站的历史，包括铜奔马碉像，兰州的街道，兰州大学，飞天大酒店，中间穿插讲兰州的古称，市树，市花{主要是推玫瑰，三炮台}国芳百盛，体育馆，住房，收入，交通，南关什子，中山大厦{黑兰州，百合}阳光大厦，王进喜，中山路，孙中山，陆都心脏，兰州方言，张掖路，黄河风情线，最后到达第一个景点水车园。

这是最基本的程序。在兰州一般所参观的景点是水，黄，铁，白。我一般带团是黄河母亲是在车上讲，不在景点讲，为什么那，因为一到旺季是好多团队在一起时，你在讲的时候客人都在抢最佳位置照象，影响你的讲解情绪。所以在车上讲比较好。在黄河母亲停留时间不过10分钟。水车圆就要看情况了，最基本的水车大家都会讲不用我说，当然羊皮筏子算是一个重头戏了~~~~~属于个人业务问题。当然我不喜欢推羊皮筏子，因为我有恐水证，哈哈开个玩笑，只不过每次做的时候客人都要把我拉上一块坐，导游不坐的话，客人也就不坐了，没办法只有硬着头皮了。还有在水车圆的门口，葫芦店的老板会忠实的等候

你的~~~~~铁桥我一般会在白塔山上讲，因为在山上讲时没有人会围观你的，比较安静，不向在铁桥边好嘈杂的噪音呀，那么上白塔上的话两种途径，要末走上去，要末缆车上，自己依据情况选择，我的团队基本上缆车上，比较节省体力。对导游来说也不亏，给旅行社也省下费用了，何乐而不为呀。当然在讲白塔山时，并不是主要讲白塔的，而让客人最信服你的是白塔山上的丝路全景图，这个是最能体现导游讲解水平的，当然该怎么讲自己的好好研究。一般步行上白塔山时先讲牌匾“九曲安澜”的含义，然后是砖雕“钟馗捉鬼图”重点是“丝路全景图”，最后是山顶的白塔和三宝，在山上休息时你也可以创收。就是三泡台。下山后，就是大家所熟知的百合店，矿石馆，陇翠堂，茶艺等，具体怎么进自己搭配。景点一般是在中午前就结束，下午比较松，如果是送晚上10点17分的火车的话，下午很好安排，逛接，开钟点房，洗脚，包场看歌舞都可以。不用我说，大家比我明白了。晚上安全送站。结束行程

我曾经是很佩服司马相如的，他仅凭借一曲悠扬悦耳的琴声就让卓文君动了心。文君隔着帘子相中了如意郎君，便芳心暗许。可她知道，这件事是万万不能让她的父亲卓王孙知道的。现在要谈婚论嫁，得先看男方是否有“房子”“车子”“票子”(即名车代步、资产丰厚、花园洋房)。

卓王孙是大财主，是干实业的;司马相如只是一介书生，书生穷啊。但书生又颇自负，常常把希望寄托在未来，希望有朝一日，有帝王相中其文采，皇上一高兴，便可加官晋爵。司马相如虽然得到过景帝、梁孝王的赏识，但他目前的处境实在不怎么样。而卓王孙之对其恭敬，一是看县令王吉的面子;再则，司马相如还算有名，一般商人都好附庸风雅，一起谈谈诗没什么，一起喝喝酒也没什么，他们也乐意做东。但要把自己的女儿嫁给这样一个穷书生，肯定不会同意。

可读书人有的是办法，能够借助一切机会发出自己的声音。司马相如发现了帘子后面的卓文君，一曲之后，马上换了曲调，即兴弹起了那曲著名的《凤求凰》：。

凤兮凤兮归故乡，遨游四海求其凰。时未遇兮无所将，何悟今兮升斯堂!。

有艳淑女在闺房，室迩人遐毒我肠。何缘交颈为鸳鸯，胡颉颃兮共翱翔!。

凰兮凰兮从我栖，得托孳尾永为妃。交情通意心和谐，中夜相从别有谁?。

双翼俱起翻高飞，无感我思使余悲。

史书上说：“相如以琴心挑之。”那么，他到底是用哪一曲《凤求凰》赢得卓文君的芳心的呢?现在谁也说不清楚了。真正的《凤求凰》早已失传，我刚才给大家背诵的，其实是后人伪托之作。

还是让我们一起来读读这两首歌词吧。从字面上看，“永为妃”还算是正正经经在求爱，在表明心迹。如果按照形象思维去想象一下，“交情通意”是不是有点太具体了?而“中夜相从别有谁?”这不分明是在叫人家同他一起私奔吗?。

各位朋友，大家早上好!我是17号选手。今天我讲解的景点是丽江古城。丽江古城是丽江著名的景点之一，下面就请大家一同随我走进被誉为“高原姑苏”和“东方威尼斯”的丽江古城吧!

丽江古城坐落在玉龙雪山下丽江坝子的中部，因四周青山环绕，城中碧水滢滢，宛如一方碧玉大砚而取名为“大研镇”。细心的朋友也许已经发现，丽江古城是一座没有城墙的古城，这是为什么呢?据说这是因为丽江世袭统治者姓木，筑墙势必如木字加框而成“困”字，所以木氏土司因忌讳而不设城墙，而是以四周高山作为天然屏障。

说话间，我们来到了古城门口，城口最引人注意的就是我们面前的水车，有人说它是子母水车，也有人说它是情侣水车。过去古城里到处都有这样的水车，今天在一些偏远地方也仍在使用。古城的布局可以说是以水为脉，顺势自然。如果哪位朋友在古城中迷失了方向，请不要担心，您只要“顺水而入，逆水而出”，您就一定会走出来。

沿着河流，穿过小巷，我们来到了四方街，四方街是古城的中心广场，它是由成排连接的铺面围成的一块近似长方形的广场街面，占地约6亩。为什么叫四方街呢?它主要有两种说法，一种说法是因为广场的形状很像方形的知府大印，由土司取名为四方街，取“权镇四方”之意。也有人说是因为这里的道路通向四面八方，是四面八方的人流、物流的集散地，所以叫四方街。古往今来，白天，这里商贾云集，买卖兴隆。到了夜晚，特别是节日的夜晚，这里又成了各族儿女的歌舞天堂，人们燃起篝火，唱起山歌，跳起锅庄、阿丽哩，通宵达旦。也许大家已注意到四方街并的地势并不平坦，而是向东稍有倾斜，这是为什么呢?四方街正如纳西谚语所说的，是个除了鸡辔头什么都有卖的热闹集市，没几天就会有许多垃圾，古城人民就根据地势，巧妙地利用西河水自然冲洗街场，污水流入东河，去灌溉农田。这种一举两得的做法，在我国的城市中恐怕是绝无仅有的。

一路观赏过来，我们来到了丽江古城的文化“大观园”-木府，请看，我们面前的这座木牌坊写着“天雨流芳”四个大字，这四个字，既可以用汉语解释，同时它又是一句纳西话。用汉语可解释为“皇恩浩荡像春雨一样滋润着神州大地”;在纳西语里，“天雨流芳”是“去看书吧”的意思，真可谓一语双意，别出心裁，充分体现出了纳西民族推崇知识的灵心慧性啊。木府是一座辉煌的建筑艺术之苑，它不仅体现了明代中原建筑的风采，同时保留了唐宋中原建筑中古朴粗犷的流风余韵，而府内沟壑纵横，坐西朝东，活水长流的布局，则又体现了纳西传统文化之精神。

朋友们，今天我们跨过了古城的西河、中河、东河，犹如跨过了上千年的时间隧道，从“清明上河图”中走了出来，即将汇入现代都市的车水马龙，希望丽江古城的小桥流水美景和丰富的民族文化给大家留下美好的记忆，丽江古城欢迎您的再次到来，

谢谢。

藏经阁又名法堂，明代所建，毁于1928年，1994年重建，它是寺僧藏经说法的场所。内供少林寺的一位缅甸国弟子于1996年揖赠的汉白玉卧佛像一尊。在藏经阁月台下有一口大铁锅，是明代万历年铸造的，据说是当时少林寺和尚用来炒菜用的小锅，从这口锅内可以想象到少林寺复当时的昌盛与繁荣。

藏经阁东西两厢分别是东禅堂、西客堂，东禅堂是供僧人坐禅的地方，西客堂现为接待宾客的场所。

方丈室是少林寺住持僧(也就是方丈)起居、生活、理事的地方。乾隆十五年九月二十九日，乾隆游历嵩山时曾在此住宿。方丈室门口东侧的钟为元代铸造，此钟只能在遇到紧急情况下方可击之，起报警作用。

达摩亭又称立雪亭。殿内神龛中供奉的是铜质达摩坐像，两侧分别是二祖慧可、三祖僧灿、四祖道信、五祖弘忍。殿内悬挂的“雪印心珠”四字乃乾隆皇帝御题。说起达摩亭还有一个动人的故事。据佛教经典记载：达摩来到少林寺后，有一中国高僧神光也追随而来，虚心向达摩求教，被达摩拒绝，神光并不灰心。达摩到石洞面壁坐禅，神光侍立其后，达摩回寺院料理佛事，神光也跟回寺院，神光对达摩精心照料，形影不离。对禅师的一举一动，心悦口服，就这样日复一日，年复一年。公元536年冬天的一个夜晚，达摩在达摩亭坐禅入定，神光依旧侍立在亭外，这时天上下起了大雪，大雪淹没了神光的双膝，神光仍双手合十，一动也不动，第二天早上达摩开定后，见神光站在雪地里，就问他：“你站在雪地里干什么?”神光回答说：“求师傅传授真法。”达摩说：“要我传法给你，除非天隆红雪。”

神光解意，抽出戒刀，砍去了自已的左臂，鲜血顿时柒红了白雪，达摩心动，遂把衣钵法器传给了神光，作为传法的凭证，并为其取名为“慧可”。我们现在所说的“衣钵真传”的成语故事即源于此。“断臂求法”的故事也一直为禅家所传诵。同时，为纪念二祖慧可立雪断臂求得佛法，人们又称“达摩亭”为“立雪亭”。

友们，现在我们已经上了东线高速公路，和大陆不一样，海南没有明显的城乡结合带，一出城就是广阔的原野。无论你把目光转向何方，这里到处都是绿色，看不到一寸裸露的土地，小草和树木绿油油的，向你表达它们快乐的心情，来旅游的朋友不仅眼睛绿了，心也绿的。

朋友们，海南岛森林覆盖率高达51.6%，远远超出全国的平均值13%，被称为“绿色明珠”，来海南旅游的朋友感觉最舒服的便是我们的眼睛和鼻子，眼睛所看到的都是绿色和蓝色，鼻子呼吸到的都是清新的空气。这里的山水之美，不是语言可以形容的，需要我们大家自己用心去体会：椰树是高大挺拔的美、珊瑚是柔软五光十色的美、南山观世音是慈爱富态的美、黎村是原始古朴的美、蛋民是劳动顽强的美，泰国红艺人是身材艺术的美，朋友们，海南不缺少美，缺少的是对美的发现。

说到美我就想起了苏东坡和佛印和尚的故事。苏东坡喜欢和佛印和尚辩论，却总也辩不赢。有一次他们下棋的时候，苏东坡突然说了一句：“大师，你在我的眼里象一堆狗屎!”谁知佛印和尚并不生气，只是微微地笑了一下，道了声“阿弥陀佛，施主，您在我的眼里却是一尊金佛。”苏东坡非常得意回家告诉了他妹妹苏小妹，苏小妹也是一个才女，她想了想说：“哥哥，你又输了，佛印看你是一尊金佛，那是因为人家心中有佛;你看人家是一堆狗屎，说明你的心就是一堆狗屎!”朋友们，由此可见“美由心生”，如果您用良好的心态去看待世界，世界就是美好的、光明的;如果您用恶劣的心态看待世界，世界就是黑暗的，丑陋的，无精打采的。

海南最美的是南山，最著名的是天涯海角、最古老的是大小洞天、最开心的是西岛、最刺激的是潜水、最神秘的是兴垄最好吃的是海鲜，最有趣的是南湾猴岛，最有乡野气息的就是万泉河瓢流。

大家好!一路辛苦了!首先，我代表旅行社欢迎各位来到福建省会―――福州市旅游观光。我是中旅的导游。我姓×，大家叫我小×或×导都行。我旁边这位是我们的司机陈师傅，这两天都由我和陈师傅为你们服务，我们会尽最大的努力。希望我的工作能得到各位的大力支持，希望我们的服务，能使您的福州之行留下美好的回忆。

福州是一座拥有2200多年历史的名城。唐开元十三年设福州都督府始称福州。五代梁开平二年闽王王审知扩建城池，将风景秀丽的乌山、于山、屏山圈入城内，从此福州成为“山在城中，城在山中”的独特城市。“三山”成了福州的别名。

福州位于福建省东部闽江下游，是全省政治、经济、文化中心。全市总面积11.968平方公里，其中市区总面积1043平方公里;总人口480多万，其中城区人口116万。“因州北有福山”，故名福州，又因九百多年前就遍植榕树，“绿荫满城，暑不张盖”，故又有“榕城”的美称。现辖鼓楼、台江、仓山、马尾、晋安五个区和福清、闽侯、罗源、连江、长乐、平潭、闽清、永泰等二市六县。居民以汉族为主，还有畲、满、苗、回等二十多个少数民族。福州依山傍海，气候宜人，绿树长青，属暖湿的亚热带季风气候。年平均气温为19.6℃，最冷一月平均气温为10.5℃，最热七月平均气温28.6℃，年均降水量1342.5毫米。最佳旅游季节为每年4―11月。市区内有闻名全国的温泉。

各位团友，今天我讲解的内容是福州明清时期古建筑瑰宝――――三坊七巷。

Hello, ladies and gentlemen! Welcome to our beautiful Colorful Yunnan. Itsa great honor to meet you. Im Xiao Pu, our tour guide. Next to me is my littlefriend Xiao Li. We are very honored to be your tour guide. The place we aregoing to today is the ancient city of Lijiang, which is known as "Gusu on theplateau" and "Venice in the East". Perhaps you may think, how could Xiao Puboast so much about Lijiang? In fact, I dont exaggerate at all. The ancientcity of Lijiang is just because the Yuquan water runs through the whole city,which is divided into the West River, the middle river and the East River. Inthe ancient city, it is divided into more tributaries, walking through streetsand alleys, walls and houses. Street layout is free, not neat. The main streetis near the river, the alley is near the canal, and the clear spring flowsthrough the street, the town and the house. The poem "every family flows withwater, and every family hangs with Yang" is a true portrayal of this city, soalthough it is a small town on the Yunnan Guizhou Plateau, it has thecharacteristics of a water town in the south of the Yangtze River.

Dayan town

Next, let me tell you about the history of Lijiang. The ancient city ofLijiang is located at the foot of Yulong Snow Mountain. Surrounded by greenmountains, the city is like a big Jasper inkstone. In ancient times, "inkstone"and "Yan" were interlinked. Therefore, the chieftain of Ming Dynasty renamed theancient city "Dayan", which means prosperous culture and outstanding people.

Maybe before Lijiang in the future, everyone has heard that Lijiang ancientcity has one characteristic, that is, it is the only ancient city without citywalls in Chinas famous historical and cultural city. Why is there no citywalls? It is said that the hereditary rulers of Lijiang all have the surname ofmu, so building a city is bound to be like adding a frame with the word"trapped". The chieftain of Mu family did not set up a city wall because oftaboo.

The ancient city was built in the late Southern Song Dynasty with a historyof about 800 years. It has been a political, economic and military town inNorthwest Yunnan and a hub for the economic and cultural exchanges among Naxi,Khan, Tibet and other ethnic groups. Xu Xiake, a famous Chinese traveler in MingDynasty, once wrote that "the beauty of the palace is determined by the king",which is also the important town of the ancient tea horse road in history. Thecity covers an area of 3.8 square kilometers, with a permanent population of30000 and 16900 Naxi people.

Lijiang ancient city was listed as a national historical and cultural cityby the State Council in 1986, and as a world cultural heritage by UNESCO in1997. So what should we visit in Lijiang?

1、 Climbing the range rover, you can see the form of the ancient city. Theancient city skillfully used the terrain, with lion mountain in the west,Xiangshan Mountain and Jinhong mountain in the north. It was moved from thenorthwest to the southeast, avoiding the cold wind of snow mountain, leading tothe warm wind in the southeast and occupying the convenient place.

2、 The ancient city makes full use of the spring water. The Yuhe River inthe city is divided into three parts, three parts into nine parts, and thendivided into countless canals, clean and full of aura. [by [finishing]

3、 Walking along the street, you can see the buildings of the ancient city.The buildings in the ancient city are all simple courtyard residents. Thebuildings are simple and crude. The courtyard layout and the internal buildingsare rich and delicate, which constitute a harmonious relationship between manand nature.

4、 If you enter the city and cross the bridge, you can see the layout ofthe whole city. The layout of the ancient city is free and flexible. Stonebridges, wooden bridges, flowers, birds, fish and insects, musical instruments,chess, calligraphy and painting, and folk customs make the ancient cityunique.

Entrance to the ancient city

We have come to the entrance of the ancient city. Some people say its amother and sons water wheel, while others say its a couples water wheel. Howcan we not see the gate? In fact, you cant see it. Its also a wonder ofLijiang ancient city, that is, you cant see the city gate or the city wall,because there is no city wall or the city gate in the ancient city, because thehead of Naxi nationalitys surname is "Mu". If the city wall and the city gateare built, it will become "trapped". So there is no city wall or the city gatein the ancient city. Please see, this is the screen wall of President JiangZemins inscription "the ancient city of Lijiang, a world cultural heritage". Itis dignified and beautiful. "Three squares and one Zhaobi" is the architecturalfeature of Naxi folk houses. To the right is the water column. It reflects theimportance of fire prevention in civil structure buildings of ancient city atthat time, which is also the wisdom of Naxi ancestors. This is a world heritagemonument. The symbol is connected by a circle and a box, indicating the harmonybetween man and nature. Next, lets visit the ancient city!

Layout of ancient city

Ladies and gentlemen, there must be such a question in mind. There are manyancient cities like this in China. Why is this remote ancient city on theplateau chosen? If you want to get the answer, please follow Xiao Li. A lane, afamily, a careless you stand in a hundred years of history, this feeling, on theroad, in various courtyards, you can feel everywhere. Therefore, this ancientcity is not built for filming or mystery. Its a real and living ancient city.If you look at it, you will feel that its much smoother than the road you justwalked. The stone slabs with five flowers seem to have a lot of gravel in them.However, its a kind of lejiaoyan unique to Lijiang. Its collected from thesurrounding mountains. Because of its colorful colors, the local people call itfive flowers Stone, pedestrian horse tread, after hundreds of years, polishedsmooth and transparent, first-class rain, poetic at your feet, this street iscalled Xinhua street. On both sides of the street, you can occasionally seecouplets of different colors pasted on the doors of some peoples houses. SomeNaxi people have died, and they all have to commemorate three years. The firstyear is white couplet with black characters, the second year is green coupletwith black characters, and the third year is couplet pasted. This is thenostalgia of Naxi people for their dead relatives. After some forest likepavements, clear river water, small bridges and weeping willows, it is printedin your eyes, but you dont see it Passing by such a clear river, I can see rowsof tables and chairs and bursts of music coming into my ears. This is what theguests call "Foreigner Street". However, the shops on this street are not run byforeigners. The bars there are bookish, rebellious and pure business. Everyonecan get what they want. The convenient place for people in the city to"recharge" in Lijiang is

The bar looks for feeling, especially for foreigners. There are friends,there are bridges, water, as long as not drunk, life can find a moment ofcarefree. After passing the bar street, you can see a small stone bridge, whichis called pea bridge because it sold peas there earlier. The small gate buildingon the west of the bridge is Kegong square. Kegong square is named in the alleybehind the square. In the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, there were twobrothers of the Yang family in the alley, and in the Daoguang period, theiryounger brother was elected again. This is a matter of pride for Lijiang people.In order to praise the Yang family and encourage them, the government praisedthem This is a special place.

Standing there, looking to the East, you can see an open area. This is thecentral Sifang street. Sifang street is the central guangachang of the ancientcity, covering an area of about five mu. There are two main reasons why it iscalled Sifang street. One reason is that the shape of the square is very similarto the square magistrates seal. It is named Sifang street by the chieftain,which means "Quan Zhen Sifang". Some people say that the road there leads toSifang Fang is the distribution center of people and logistics in alldirections, so it is called Sifang street. Why is Sifang street so famous? If wesay that the silk road is another world-famous trade channel in the north ofChina, there is also a trade channel in the south of China known as the "teahorse ancient road". It is a trade channel for the horses, fur, Tibetan medicineand other specialties in the Tibetan area and Lijiang, and tea, silk, jewelryand other commodities in the south. Lijiang ancient city is an important town onthe tea horse ancient road, and Sifang street is the important one Since ancienttimes, Sifang street, the trade center of the town, has been an open-air fairwith a history of 300 years. It is necessary to realize the mystery of Sifangstreet. In the early morning, people who get up early begin to buy breakfast,which is a hazy Sifang street. In the afternoon, traders who buy copper,mountain goods and snacks form a prosperous market. This is the reason Sifangstreet is full of vigor and vitality; its just dark when businessmen go home,and after a time of friction, there are still people and sunshine left. The oldpeople basking in the sun at the bridge head are replaced by children playing,and the bars on both sides show the oily light of night, which is the makeup ofSifang street. At about two oclock in the morning, Sifang street people go toempty streets, and the alleys are deep and unpredictable, only the sound ofrunning water rises and falls, which is the reason Its Lijiang with a plainface. meet

Come down, let my little friend Xiao Li, continue to show you how tobrowse!

Ancient city dwellings

Next, lets go to "Naxi Siheyuan" for a visit! The folk in the ancient cityabsorbed the architectural culture of Han, Bai, Tibetan and other nationalities,but also integrated the national architectural culture and aestheticconsciousness, forming a lot of Naxi style of "three squares and one wall, fourin five patio". The architectural form of the front and rear courtyard, thesetting of the gatehouse and the front building, the patio paving, the six doorand its decorative lights constitute a strong local color and nationalcharacteristics. Speaking of this, lets go in and have a look. The "four infive patios" there are four houses in the southeast and northwest. There is asmall patio between each two neighboring houses, and there are five patios inthe middle. So its called "four in five patios". Four blocks of housing areupstairs and downstairs are imaginative, so it is also called "zouma cornerbuilding".

Friends may ask, which part of Naxi residence has the most Naxicharacteristics? That is Liuhe door and the window core on Liuhe door - "fourseasons Bogu". "Four seasons" is Nash, which means "four seasons". Reflectingthe high expectations of the Naxi people for life, this six door can beinstalled or removed, convenient and flexible. When it is opened, it is thedoor, and when it is closed, it is the window. At ordinary times, only the twoin the middle are opened. When there are red and white events, and there aremany guests, the six doors can be removed. In the composition of the windowcore, the famous flowers and different flowers, auspicious birds and animals,and perfect allusions are used to express the perfect wishes of Naxi people forfour auspicious seasons, happiness of fortune and longevity, and farming andreading.

Mufu

Dear friends, have you ever seen the TV series "Mufu Fengyun"? "MufuFengyun" is shot in Mufu. While enjoying the plot, you must be intoxicated withthe beautiful scenery and local customs of Lijiang. Now lets go to Mufu to havea look!

We visited the ancient city and Sifang street. If Sifang street is thecenter of the ancient city, Mufu is the heart of the ancient city and the "GrandView Garden" of Lijiang ancient city culture. The chieftain of Naxi surnamed Muonce ruled Lijiang for 470 years. After three dynasties of yuan, Ming and Qing,a total of 23 dynasties were continued, and this wooden mansion, known asLijiang Forbidden City, was built. Mus chieftain is loyal to the imperial courtand has been praised by the emperor for many times. This Zhongyi square wasapproved by the Emperor Wanli of Ming Dynasty. It is called "famous Three PagodaTemple in Dali and famous stone archway in Lijiang".

Please see, there is Mufu. The overall structure of Mufu, from east towest, is the Zhongyi square that we have just seen, followed by the front gate,Zhaobi, conference hall, wanjuan building, Dharma protection hall, guojielou,Guangbi building, Yuyin building and Sanqing hall.

The Mufu we see now was built after the earthquake of magnitude 7 in 1996.This is the assembly hall. The assembly hall is dignified, spacious andmagnificent. It is the place where the chieftains summon their guests. Look,there are three plaques on the door beam of the assembly hall, all of which arewritten with the words "serve the country sincerely". They are the commendationsof the three emperors Hongwu, Yongle and Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty. So why didthe imperial court rely so much on the Mu family? This is because the Naxipeople live in the hinterland of Jiangwan in the upper reaches of Jinsha River,with Tubo in the north and Nanzhao Dali in the south. These two local forcesoften became the unstable factors in the southwest frontier of the centraldynasty, so the Naxi nationality played an important role.

This is wanjuan building. Wanjuan building has three floors. Look, thereare no windows on the second floor. You cant see the second floor from thebottom of the building, so there are many precious books in it. To put itsimply, the wanjuan building is a place full of books, with books on the firstfloor, books on the second floor and books on the third floor. Now you can go inand visit yourself. Please abide by the order in the museum. Books can be readbut not touched! Behind the wanjuan tower is the Dharma hall. It is the house ofchieftains to discuss family affairs. In addition to the memorial tablets ofMus ancestors, there are benches, sticks and other tools for corporalpunishment. You can see that it is the place where Master Mu uses family rulesand family laws to discipline his children. It looks like the ancestral hall weusually call.

After passing the Dharma protection hall, we walk through an ancientoverpass. This overpass can be regarded as a creation of the chieftain of Mufamily, which is based on the local conditions and the people. In this way, thegovernment and the people are at peace and do not interfere with each other.Lets go up to the Guangbi building of Mufu. This is a 1:300 model of theancient city, where you can clearly see the whole picture of the ancient cityand Mufu. This is the Yulong bridge, the north entrance of the ancient city.This is the West River, the middle river and the East River. Who lost his way inthe ancient city, then, upstream must be able to walk to the Yulong bridge.These pictures show the rich history and culture and magnificent natural sceneryof Lijiang, please browse.

If you go further, this is the Yuyin building. On the first floor and infront of the building are the places where the chieftains sing, dance and feast.On the second floor are the places where the Fengzhao and Heshu are worshipped.There are copies of white sand murals in the hall. Baisha mural is a nationalkey cultural relic. It integrates Han Buddhism, Tibetan Buddhism and Taoism intoone picture, and makes three religions live in one room. This practice ofintegrating the three religions is rare in other places. In Lijiang, because theNaxi represented by Mus chieftain is an open nation, they are culturallyinclusive.

After yuyinlou, we come to the final building on the axis of Mufu, Sanqinghall. From there, we can have a birds-eye view of the ancient city and Mufu,and we can see the ancient city described by Xu Xiake as "Julu pianji, lingeringin the slope and valley", and Mufus "beauty of palace is like the king".

Mufu is a splendid garden of architectural art, which fully reflects theelegant demeanor of the Central Plains architecture in the Ming Dynasty, whileretaining the simplicity and ruggedness of the Central Plains architecture inthe Tang and Song dynasties.

When you visit Lijiang ancient city, you should not miss Naxi ancientmusic. Naxi ancient music, which is called "lost music in all parts of China",consists of two parts: Baisha Xiyue and Lijiang Dongjing music. After hundredsof years of development and changes, Naxi ancient music has formed a uniquestyle of integration of Han and Naxi Music, which has a strong national and folkcolor. Living in Lijiang ancient city, the most perfect arrangement at night isto listen to Naxi ancient music.

OK, when you get there, youll have a good view of the ancient city. Ourjourney is coming to an end. During this happy time, we visited Lijiang ancientcity, which is famous both at home and abroad and has the reputation of "Veniceof China" and "Gusu of Plateau". Thank you for your understanding, support andcooperation with Xiao Pu and me along the way. We are deeply impressed by yourenthusiasm. At the same time, we hope that our service can leave you someperfect memories. Finally, I send my best wishes to you, and I sincerely hope wecan meet again. Thank you!

现在我们来到了海神庙正殿前面的庭院。左右两侧有两个吉祥物。右边的叫做“乘黄”，也叫“飞黄”。我国古代的神话故事集《山海经》说：白民之国有乘黄。长的样子像狐狸，背上有角。要是骑到它的身上，就能活到两千岁。唐朝大文学家韩愈写过这样的诗句：飞黄腾踏去，不能顾蟾蜍。后来，人们就用飞黄腾达来比喻一个人的官职地位上升得非常快。看来，乘黄的功能有两条，长寿和升官。可是，我们眼前的这个乘黄大家千万不要骑，一是真要活到两千岁，那可就太麻烦了;二是您真要骑了上去，可就要准备罚款了。

左边的这一个叫做“龙马”。我国古代传说龙马是河水之精，说它是龙头，马身，还有两个可以张开的翅膀，叫的声音很好听，说它是“鸣声九音”——有些人很谦虚，用“五音不全”来说自己唱歌的声音不好听，但这龙马“鸣声九音”，简直就是一个交响乐团!还有的古书上说这龙马就是乘黄。在海神庙的前面设立龙马、乘黄的塑像，是取其“河水之精”的含义。

现在我们就顺着木府的护城河前往木府。姓木的土司曾统治丽江四百多年，在占尽天时地利的狮子山麓，营造了规模宏大的土司府衙，被人们称为木府，护城河从北、东、南三面环绕着木府。大家会说，这也算护城河吗?原来护城河是又宽又深的，“改土归流”后，随着土司势力的衰落，护城河就越来越小了。

丽江古城还有一奇，那就是古城没有城墙，这是为什么呢?请大家回答。我来提示一下：土司姓木，而且历代土司热心于学习汉文化，也讲究文字避讳，请大家从汉字上去考虑。对了，木家居住的地方如果筑了城墙，就如同“木”字加了个框，成了“困”字，这当然不行。还有别的什么原因，就请大家见仁见智，议论一番吧!

木府快到了，我们面前的这座木牌坊上写着什么?“天雨流芳”，对。这“天雨流芳”四个字，原是明代的木公土司写的，后来散佚，现在我们看到的，是纳西族书法家、云南省书法家协会主席李群杰先生补书的。这四个字，既可以用汉语解释，同时它又是一句纳西话。用汉语可解释为“皇恩浩荡像春雨一样滋润着神州大地”;在纳西语里，“天雨流芳”是“去看书吧”的意思，真可谓一语双意，别出心裁。

木府到了。据说木府是仿照北京紫禁城建造的，这种僭越本分的做法，在等级森严的古代是决不允许的，因此，木氏土司从不让外人进去，连徐霞客也不例外。徐霞客受木增土司的邀请，在1639年明朝末期来到丽江，远望着楼阁巍峨的木府，在他的《徐霞客游记》里写下了“宫室之丽、拟于王者”的感叹，这句话已写在东边的照壁上。

这座石拱桥形似马鞍，叫金鞍桥，又叫玉带桥。这座桥之特殊在于它的长宽之比，一般的石拱桥，长比宽要长，这座桥则不然，它长仅3米，宽却达9。6米，这是为什么呢?原来木氏土司出巡或者回府，总是八抬大轿以示显赫威严，桥太窄当然不行，还同时考虑到这桥与高大的忠义坊之间的呼应协调。

木氏土司对中央政府忠心耿耿，上贡不断，特别是明朝万历年间，据说木增土司曾用马帮驮着万两金银，万里迢迢到京城进贡，明神宗大受感动，钦赐“忠义”二字，并下圣旨建这忠义石牌坊。土司对朝廷的忠义还可以从木府大门的对联上看出来，“凤诏每来红日近，鹤书不到白云闲”。这副对联来自木泰土司所写的纳西族第一首汉文诗《两关使节》，意思是皇帝的诏书一来，就好像离太阳更近了，感到十分温暖;如果好久没接到朝廷的文书，那么，就觉得天上的白云都懒散了。请大家进木府参观。

游客们，现在我们来到丽江古城。也许游客们会问我，城门在什么地方。其实，丽江古城是没有城门的，这是因为纳西族的头领(在丽江古城里面住着的人大部分都是纳西族的，所以头领的本人也是纳西族的。)姓“木”，如果加上城门和城墙的意思就是“困”字了，所以就是因为这个原因才没有建筑城门和城墙。

游客们，我们现在来到了丽江古城中最有名的街道：四方街。这条四方街如蛛网般交错的，东南西北各有一条出路，这样说明这条四方街很繁华。地面是由五彩石铺成的，所以非常坚固，如果你用脚踏上去，就会发出非常清脆的声音。四方街上的客栈(酒店)都是没有相同的，如果你在客栈(酒店)上转几圈，你绝对会知道这些客栈的不同之处。

游客们，丽江古城还有一个特别习俗，那就是放河灯。放河灯是一种古老的习俗，据说每天晚上黑龙潭的龙王会顺着河水巡游古城，放一盏河灯不仅能保护古城的平安，更能使自己和家人得到龙王的保护，而在今后日子里吉祥如意、心想事成。听了这一个传说赶快放一盏河灯许一个心愿吧。

游客们，丽江古城到处有美丽的景色，说也说不尽，希望你们会喜欢这些景色。欢迎下次再来。

旅客们，我们的旅游车行驶在前往素有“东南邹鲁”之誉的国家历史文化名城歙县，那里文风昌盛、教育发达、名家辈出、人才荟萃。歙县文物古迹星罗棋布，有“文物之海”之称，全县现存地面文物600多处，其中许国石坊、棠樾牌坊群、鱼梁坝为全国重点文物保护单位。歙县地处黄山南麓，是杭州—千岛湖—黄山黄金旅游路线的必经之地。歙县历史悠久，早在公元前221年就置县，隶属会稽郡。西晋太康元年属新安郡;隋开皇十一年属歙州，到了北宋宣和三年，宋徽宗平定歙南方腊起义敕改歙州为徽州。徽有美好的意思，寓意吉祥太平。歙县历为古徽州府治，是古徽州政治经济文化中心，省名安徽就是借用安庆、徽州两地名首字而命名的。

游客朋友，说了这么多，我已从大家的眼神中看出了你们对歙县的兴趣，歙县就要到了，就让我们一起走进它吧!请大家带好随身物品，有序下车。首先我们来到被誉为“东方凯旋门”的许国石坊，许国石坊位于歙县老城区的中和街。石坊建于明朝万历十二年，高11.4米，南北长11.54米，东西宽6.77米，由前后两座三间四柱三楼和左右两座单间双柱三楼式石坊组成。如此规模宏大、八脚结构的牌坊举世无双，1988年被列为国家重点文物保护单位。石坊雕刻细腻，构图精致，庄严朴素。梁枋两端浅镌如意、缠枝，吉祥喜庆。中部菱形深浮雕巨龙飞腾、鱼跃龙门、凤穿牡丹等，表达了皇族对坊主许国的恩典和评价，洋溢着浓厚的民族文化特色。12根巨大石柱的台基，均有神态各异的狮子，或蹲、或坐、或扑，既精巧地装饰着牌坊，又加固了牌坊的根基。石坊构件雕刻也充满着特定的寓意，如龙表达对皇权的忠诚，飞鲤借喻鲤鱼跳龙门，豹和喜鹊隐含着三报喜(喻许国在万历年间的三次升迁)。

各位游客，我们现在继续往前走，不远处就是人民教育家陶行知少年读书的崇一学堂了，后修建为陶行知纪念馆。新建的部分与老馆衔接，仿徽派建筑，给人以情的熏陶，美的享受，行的启迪，力的源泉。一进大门，宏伟典雅，风格独特的瞻仰厅展现在你的眼前。“万世师表”匾额，金光灿灿，是宋庆龄手迹。陶行知书写的对联“捧着一颗心来，不带半根草去”，是他终生恪守的人生真谛。正中“伟大的人民教育家”金色大字，潇洒飘逸，刚劲有力，是一代领袖主席同志对陶行知先生的誉称。纪念馆里陈列着陶行知先生的著作和他生平事迹的图片、报刊以及世界著名人士的题字，陈设保持着原来的样子，令人肃然起敬!好了游客们，现在我们去今天的最后一个景点—鱼梁坝。鱼梁坝是新安江水系中最大的滚水石坝，长138米，底宽27米，顶宽6米，高5米，条石砌筑，被古建筑专家誉为“江南都江堰”，已被列为全国重点文物保护单位。鱼梁坝始建于唐代，历代维修，现今的大坝是在清康熙年间重修的基础上于20__年修复竣工的。“鱼梁夕照”为古歙八景之一。鱼梁古街位于大坝东岸，作为古徽州的重要水路码头，当时商贾云集，店铺林立，依河蜿蜒1000米，街道状如鱼鳞，又叫“鱼鳞街”。接下来大家自由拍照参观吧，注意安全。

平乐古镇旅游资源十分丰富，除古镇核心区外，尚有5大风景区，其一花楸山风景区，拥有康熙御赐的“天下第一圃”和川西地区保存最完好的清代古民居群——李家大院，有如陶渊明所描绘的世外桃源;其二金华山风景区，拥有唐代摩崖石刻雕像群和罕见的天马行空浮雕图，是礼佛朝圣的好去处;其三秦汉驿道风景区，以唐代千手观音院、城隍庙、秦汉驿道闻名海外;其四芦沟风景区，拥有万亩竹海，沿途十里长廊尽是翠竹掩映，有“森林氧吧”之称，是避暑纳凉的胜地;其五金鸡沟风景区，造型独特的金鸡桥、原始生态的自然景观、独特的地理结构及保存完好的造纸作坊遗址，是广大青少年探幽访古的绝佳之地。

平乐镇属浅丘型地貌，山丘坝各占三分之一，镇域内气候温和、雨量充沛，地下水资源相当丰富，全镇及相邻镇乡盛产竹木，竹资源尤为丰富。早在宋代平乐镇就是闻名的纸乡。周围四面环山，中间是一坦平原，高处鸟瞰，宛如一小盆地，素有“天府平乐”之美誉。