介绍贵州遵义会议旧址的导游词范文
各位团友:
大家好!欢迎来到中国历史文化名城遵义!我是你们导游小时,大家也可以叫我时导。话说1934年10月10日这天夜里,由于中央革命根据地红军的第五次反“围剿”失败。中共中央和红军总部悄然从江西瑞金出发,率领红一、三、五、八、九军团连同后方机关进行战略转移,向湘西进发,开始了悲壮、前途未卜的漫漫征程。
长征初期,博古等领导人在军事上又犯了逃跑主义错误,
使红军蒙受重大损失。湘江一役,苦战5昼夜,终于渡过湘江,可是红军已由出发时的8.6万人锐减到3万人。红军会成为“石达开第二”吗?
在革命的紧急关头,中央接受了毛泽东的正确意见,放弃
向湘西进军计划,改向敌人薄弱的贵州进军。1935年1月,红军来到了黔北重镇遵义,并在1月15日,中共中央在这里召开了政治局扩大会议(也即是著名的遵义会议),解决迫在眉睫的军事问题。
今天我们要去的遵义会议会址就位于遵义老城。现
在为遵义会议纪念馆。遵义会议会址是全国重点文物保护单位,是一幢砖木结构,中西合壁的两层楼房,建于二十世纪三十年代初,在当时,他可是遵义城里首屈一指的宏伟建筑。原是国民党二十五路军(黔军)第二师师长柏辉章的私人官邸,红军进入遵义后,将红军总司令部设立在了这里。
女士们、先生们,我们心中的圣地到了!大家请看这门楣
上的大匾,这是毛泽东于1964年题写的黑漆金匾,上面的“遵义会议会址”六个大字,苍劲有力,金碧辉煌。这也是毛泽东为全国革命纪念地题字的唯一一处。因而特别珍贵。原来这大门两侧有八间铺子,是当年房主经营酱菜及颜料纸张的店铺。
遵义会议会址主楼坐北朝南,一楼一底,为曲尺形,砖木结构,歇山式屋顶,上盖小青瓦。楼顶有老虎窗。楼层有走廊,可以凭眺四围苍翠挺拔的群山,指点昔日红军二占遵义时与敌军鏖战地红花岗、插旗山、玉屏山、凤凰山诸峰。 会址主楼上下的门窗,漆板栗色,所有窗牖均镶嵌彩色玻璃。
1935年1月上旬,中国工农红军第一方面军长征到达遵义后,中华苏维埃共和国中央革命军事委员会总司部与一局即驻在这幢楼房里。
从1934年到现在,会址主楼的房间逐步复原了遵义会议会议
室、军委总参谋部办公室(作战室)、周恩来办公室兼住室、朱德与康克清的办公室兼住室,以及刘伯承的办公室兼住室等。 会议室在楼上,原为房主的小客厅。面积为36平方米,长方形。屋子正中的顶壁上悬挂着一盏荷叶边盖的洋灯,屋子的东壁有一只挂钟(原物)和两个壁柜(原物),其中一个壁柜上嵌着一面穿衣镜。
西壁是一排轩亮的玻璃窗。屋子中央陈列着一张板栗色的长方桌(原物),四周围着一圈木边藤心摺叠靠背椅,共20只,为出席遵义会议的人员所坐。长方桌下有一只烧木炭的火盆,为当时取暖用。
作战室在会议室正对的楼下,面积为56平方米,两间长方形的房间组成,中间布一道可折叠的六合门。屋子正中陈列着两张黑漆大方桌,桌上有铁座马烟、订书机、中华苏维埃共和国革命军事委员会信、报纸做的信封、30年代商务印书馆出版的中国分省地图册以及《陈中日记》等。
屋子的西窗下陈列着两张桌,桌上置西部皮包电话机,桌下立着线拐子。东窗下陈列着一对灰褐色的铁皮公文挑箱。北壁上陈列着一幅巨大的云、贵、川三省接壤地区的军用地图,图上插着红蓝色的三角小旗,标示着遵义会议召开期间的敌我态势。 当年,军委副主席周恩来、红军总司令朱德、总参谋长刘伯承等经常在这里办公、运筹帏幄,部署红军如何摆脱国民党军队的围追堵截,将红军引向胜得前进的道路。
这西头的第一间就是军委副主席周恩来的办公室兼住室了。这里的桌椅箱柜以及文房四宝等都是按原状陈列的。墙壁上挂有望远镜和竹斗笠,还有一张周恩来长征到达陕北后的留影。这张珍贵的历史照片记录下了周恩来艰苦卓绝的革命斗争生涯。那清晰的面容、垂胸的长髯、坚定的目光,与室内简朴的陈设相映衬,可以想见周恩来在战争岁月中呕心沥血的生涯,令人肃然起敬。
这东头第一间就是朱老总和夫人康克清的办公室兼住室了,与周恩来的办公室兼住室相对。这里也都是按原貌陈列的,我就不一一介绍了。这张朱德和康克清在窑洞前的合影也是长征到达陕北后所拍的。朱德忠厚而又慈祥的面容配以康克清的飒爽英姿,不难想见他们共同度过的艰苦曲折的革命春秋。
而总参谋长刘伯承就住这一间了。大家可以慢慢瞻仰这
些伟人的生活遗迹,但请不要动动它们。
大家请看,这间最大的是军委总司令办公室(即作战室)了,在会议室的正下方,面积有56平方米,由两间长方形的房间组成,中间布一道可折叠的六合门。屋子正中陈列着两张黑漆大方桌,桌上有当时使用过的一些物品。这一幅巨大的地图是云、贵、川三省接壤地区的军用地图,图上插着这些红蓝色的三角小旗,标示的是遵义会议召开期间的敌我态势。当年,军委副主席周恩来、红军总司令朱德、总参谋长刘伯承等就在这里运筹帏幄,部署红军如何摆脱国民党军队的围追堵截,将红军引向胜得前进的道路。
现在,会址我们参观完了,要进一步了解长征的来龙去脉,我们就得去里边的遵义会议陈列馆了。
遵义会议陈列馆于20xx年遵义会议召开70周年之际落成。陈列馆建筑面积6000多平方米,共有2500平方米的展示空间和680米长的展线,展出文物及图片资料400余件、文字资料约2万字,分为“战略转移”、“遵义会议”、“四渡赤水”、“胜利会师”、“永放光芒”五个单元。其中还有栩栩如生的雕塑,现在大就跟着现场讲解员慢慢参观吧!
更多相似范文
篇1:介绍南昌的英语导游词
Dear tourists
Hello everyone, welcome to Nanchang, the hero city. Im Xiao Li. Now let meintroduce the general situation of Nanchang, the capital of Jiangxi Province. Asthe political, economic, cultural and transportation center of the province, itis a city with a long history and glorious revolutionary tradition. It islocated in the north of central Jiangxi Province, the lower reaches of GanjiangRiver and Fuhe River, and the Poyang Lake Plain. The total area is about 7402square kilometers and the total population is about 4.62 million. The city hasfive districts including Donghu District, Xihu District, Qingyunpu District,Wanli District and Qingshanhu District, and four counties including Nanchang,Xinjian, Jinxian and Anyi. The name of Nanchang began in the Western HanDynasty, implying "Changda Nanjiang" and "prosperity of the South". Nanchang wasfounded in 2 BC___ In, Guan Ying, the famous founding General of the HanDynasty, was ordered to lead his troops to Nanchang, where Yuzhang county andNanchang County were officially established. The next year (before 201), a localcity was built in Nanchang, which was called "Guancheng". This is the beginningof Nanchang.
Nanchang city is located in the north and south traffic arteries of ourcountry. The existing water, land and air transportation network can lead to thewhole province and all parts of the country. The first plane, the first wheeledtractor, the first motorcycle and the first coastal defense missile of new Chinawere born here. In recent years, Nanchangs industrial economy has made greatprogress, initially forming five pillar industries, such as automobile, medicineand food, textile and clothing, electronic information and home appliances, newmaterials, and striving to become an important base of modern manufacturingindustry and regional economic center city. The agricultural economy and thetertiary industry also have a rapid development, business circulation is active,a prosperous scene.
Nanchang has many scenic spots and rich tourism resources. According toincomplete statistics, Nanchang has 104 tourism resources with development valueand development, including 26 natural landscapes and 28 cultural landscapes.Among them, Tengwang Pavilion, the first of the three famous buildings in thesouth of the Yangtze River, is the main representative of ancient culturaltourism, red tourism represented by the former site of Bayi Uprisingheadquarters, and green tourism represented by Meiling, Nanchang baohulu farm asthe main representative of the characteristics of leisure tourism.
Now let me briefly introduce Tengwang Pavilion, which is known as the firstfloor of Xijiang. Tengwang pavilion was built by Li Yuanying, the fourth son ofTang Gaozu Li Yuan. During the reign of Zhenguan, Li Yuanying was granted thetitle of King Teng, so it was named tengwangge. The reason why tengwangge isfamous in the world is that we have to mention Wang Bos preface to tengwangge.It is said that when the young Wang Bo was exploring for his family, he happenedto catch up with the banquet Party of Yan Boyu, the governor. He was so excitedthat he asked someone to take out his pen and ink and wrote down the preface toTengwang Pavilion on the spot. Please look here. The two lines are written onthe gate bar. The sunset and the lone duck fly together, and the autumn watergrows in the same color. These two sentences can be said to be the best of allages and have been handed down to this day.
Nanchang food is very special. Here we can taste some special dishes, suchas Chenhao fried bacon, Poyang Lake lion head, three cups of chicken, three cupsof dog meat, three cups of foot fish, Huangqin roast brine, Gan flavor milk dogmeat, fermented wax gourd circle, five yuan Longfeng soup, etc. We can alsotaste some folk snacks, such as Nanchang rice noodles, stone street Mahua,hometown Guoba, spicy hot and fried snacks.
篇2:介绍承德避暑山庄概况的导游词
大家好!欢迎大家来到承德避暑山庄!我是今天各位小朋友大朋友的导游,大家可以叫我魏导。现在让我们一起去参观吧!
大家知道承德避暑山庄名字的来历吗?因为山庄地处内蒙古高原与华北平原的过渡带,属温带大陆性季风型山地气候,四季分明。冬天虽然寒冷,但由于四周环山,阻滞了来自蒙古高原寒流的袭击;夏季凉爽,雨量集中,基本上无炎热期。这就是为什么它叫做避暑山庄。
避暑山庄是中国现存占地最大的古代帝王宫苑呢!占地有564万平方米,分宫殿区、湖泊区、平原区、山峦区四大部分。它也是中国现存最大的古典皇家园林,相当于颐和园的两倍,有8个北海公园那么大。1994年12月,避暑山庄及周围寺庙,也就是热河行宫,都一起被列入世界文化遗产名录。
避暑山庄的最大特色是山中有园,园中有山。山庄的宫殿区布局严谨,建筑朴素。我们现在来到了宫殿区,大家看!这是承德避暑山庄中的一片主要区域,由正宫、松鹤斋、万壑松风和东宫四组建筑组成。主殿万壑松风坐南朝北,面阔5间,据岗临湖,经松林绿荫下假山石蹬通向湖边,湖边原有一座玲珑小巧的八角亭晴碧亭。在参天古松的掩映下,壑虚风渡,松涛阵阵,犹如杭州西湖万松岭,形成一个极其寂静安谧的小环境,是批阅奏章、诵读古书的佳境,故其楹联题道:“云卷千峰色,泉和万籁吟”。
我们现在的位置是万壑松风的后殿——鉴始斋。传说乾隆皇帝幼年曾在此读书,康熙皇帝还选派两名年轻的妃子,住在静佳室精心照顾这位小皇孙。乾隆皇帝登基后,缅怀当年的启蒙恩宠,将此书屋题名为“鉴始斋”。
好了,避暑山庄的美景可说不完,每个地方都值得你们细细观赏、细细品味!现在大家自由参观吧!请大家注意个人形象,整个山庄内严禁乱丢垃圾,采摘荷花。注意保护文物,一定要注意安全!祝大家玩得愉快!
篇3:介绍浙江宋城的导游词范文
我听说杭州是个美如仙境的旅游胜地,十月金秋的杭州更美。我很期待可以去杭州游玩。从桐庐出发,一路上阳光明媚,心情舒畅。一个小时的时间我们就到了杭州,心情一下子激动了起来。
你也许赏过桂花,但你有没有在香气扑鼻的桂花树下吃饭,喝茶的经历呢?杭州的石屋洞是夜赏桂花的最佳地方。一进石屋洞就嗅到空气中桂花飘香,灯光下的石屋带着几分幽静,夜色中的桂花显得加秀丽。这里我不由地想起了《咏桂》这首诗:不是人间种,移从月中来,广寒香一点,吹得满山开。抬头望去,桂花密密麻麻地挂满了枝头,沉甸甸的。 这时,一阵风吹来,香气更加溢满了四周,我拼命地呼吸,我要把这份香甜带回宁波,留在我心里。
第二天一早,我们来到了西溪湿地,秋天的西溪湿地是火柿丰收的季节。我们租了一条摇橹船,四周飘荡着爸爸手提电脑中播放的江南水乡音乐,悠闲地一路摇进西溪最宁静的水路中。两边芦苇丛生,水鸟们息憩在水草上,小灯笼似的火柿桂满枝头,各种水草密集地生长着。我仿佛走进了仙境,自由地享受着这份宁静。我情不自禁地感叹道:天哪,原来美丽是可以用心发现的。真舍不得走出天堂般的秋天的西溪湿地。
晚上我们决定夜游西湖,我们一家三口又租了一条摇橹船,荡漾在这水面如镜的湖面上。夜晚的西湖灯火辉煌,一阵风吹来,水波轻轻打着我们的船沿,灯光下的湖面如绸缎般的柔软。船老大一路指点沿途风景,讲述白蛇传的故事,我们曾去欣赏过的印象西湖也在热闹地演出。晚上的西湖更加充满神秘,用一句古诗来形容就是“淡装浓抹总相宜”。
最后一天,我们来到了太子湾游玩,那里的空气清新,大片大片草地绿荫让我更加流连忘返。我的照相机帮我留了这些最美的风景。你看,两边的草坪上人们在嬉戏,清澈见底的小溪水在静静的流淌,小鱼无拘无束地在水中游动。这种景象让我产生了想留在这里的念头。
快乐的时光过得很快,我依依不舍地离开了杭州。我要尽情地欣赏杭州一年四季的景色,所以下个季节我要与杭州有个约定。
篇4:介绍甘肃莫高窟的导游词范文
大家好,我们现在所在的地方是闻名天下的莫高窟。莫高窟地处敦煌,它和鸣沙山、月牙泉一样是敦煌著名的旅游景点,还是我国被联合国教科文组织列入《世界遗产名录》中29处景观之一的文化遗产。
莫高窟俗称千佛洞,位于鸣沙山东麓。洞窟始凿于公元4世纪,至14世纪结束,前后延续约一千年。莫高窟是一座灿烂辉煌的建筑,是绘画和雕塑之宫,是中国现在石窟中规模最大、内容最多的石窟。
游客们,现在所在的地点是莫高窟的大门,在我们眼前有二座双塔,背后整面山体都是一层层藏洞,从远处望去就像一座高楼,一屋屋、一间间。洞里藏有许多宝藏、经卷、文书等。最多最醒目的是壁画,特别突出的是飞天壁画形象。
各位游客,你们有没有发现壁画大多是残缺不全的,那是因为一百多年前曾经遭到过几次劫难,被外国人盗走许多珍藏,现在给人们留下许多的遗憾。我在这里也要呼吁大家都来保护好我们的世界文化遗产,继承和发扬好我们的民族文化。
各位游客,因时间关系,今天的游览就到此为止了。希望大家不虚此行,通过这次参观游览,对莫高窟文化有更多的了解。想要更深地了解莫高窟,欢迎你们下一次再来。
篇5:寒山寺导游词
各位旅客朋友们,欢迎你们来到寒山寺。
寒山寺始建于公元5_年,也就是梁代天监年间,至今已有一千多年的历史。寒山寺原名“妙利普明塔园”由于历经元、明、清三朝的火烧,我们此刻看到的是19_年作后保存下来的遗迹,当然苏州市政府近年大力地整修之下才得到了这天涣然一新的外貌。到那里,有游客可能会问:“寒山寺的寒山在哪里?寒山寺很冷吗?”让我来为你解答吧1其实寒山寺并非因山而得名,而是因人得名。在唐代,有两为僧人,一个叫寒山,一个叫拾得。尤其是寒山,他是唐朝诗僧,着有《寒山子诗集》,后人为了纪念寒山,将此寺改名为寒山寺。
另外大家必须想明白,苏州名胜古迹众多,为什么惟独寒山寺尤其名扬中外呢?原因有三:第一,源于一首诗,大家可能明白,当时唐代有位诗人叫张继,他是湖北襄樊人,进京赶考,却名落孙山。他情绪郁闷,归途中渔船夜泊枫桥,枫桥,也就是靠寒山寺西边的一座桥,大家请随我指的方向看。他听见了寒山寺钟发出的“咚咚‘声,一下子使他受益匪浅,想通了许多,心想;我今年落榜,下一次我必须能够东山再起,救灾灵感顿开的状况下,写下了千古名诗《枫桥夜泊》“月落乌啼霜满天,江枫渔火对愁眠。姑苏城外寒山寺,夜半钟声到客船。”直至今日,在千里之外的日本,有不少年幼的孩子都耳熟能详。
第二,佛门弟子一向认为,曾住持过此寺的寒山、拾得分别为文殊、普贤两位菩萨的化身。
第三,就是寒山寺的那口钟。也就是张继诗中所提到的钟。明代时,流入日本。之后。有个叫山田寒山的日本人在搜寻未果的状况下,便募捐了一对青铜钟,一口赠予中国寒山寺,一口留日本馆山寺。在中日民间文化交流和友好往来失史册中,写下了完美的一页。
第四,据说寒山寺钟声具有很奇特的功能,能够用十二个来概括“闻钟声,烦恼清,指挥长,菩提生。”
也许你望见朝西的大门,你必须、会产生疑问,不妨在再次让我为你们解答吧!至于原因呢/也有三:
其一,因地制宜,门朝西,西边就是运河,各地而来的善男信女坐船来此烧香,交通方便了不少。
其二,向西意味着通往西方极乐世界,表现了对西方佛教胜地的崇敬。
其三,水能克火。
以上我为大家具体讲解了一下寒山寺的历史,请大家先在此回味一下,顺便能够休息、拍照。片刻后,我们将会进入下一个景点——天王殿。
寒山寺导游词5
大家好,我是本次带领大家游览寒山寺的导游员,大家叫我小赵。本次游览,大家不要走散,要跟紧队伍。
绕过山墙,进到寺院,小小的院子中间是日本友人赠送的石碑,右边是当年寒山拾得两人种下的古树彷佛在向我们招手,左边几只青铜大鼎,上面刻着飞禽走兽,日月星辰,轻轻一敲,就会嗡嗡作响,仿佛在诉说着寒山寺千百年来的故事。大家能够试一试。
此刻我们来到了罗汉堂,那里有100多尊罗汉,与真人灯神大小。瞧,这个罗汉的眉毛真长,哟,这个罗汉长着仨脑袋,他叫“慈悲大仙”,还有两耳垂肩、大腹便便、胳膊奇长、脚十分大的罗汉。这些远看金光闪闪,近看栩栩如生、工艺精湛、造型奇特的罗汉,给这座寺庙平添了神秘气息。
穿过小门,我们来到藏经楼。这有两位“圣人”。圣人寒山手里拿着宝瓶,端详地很仔细,对不对!另外一位则在身旁指指点点,很有意思。
这天我就讲到这了,下面是自由活动时间。
篇6:介绍导游词范文
Zhangjiajie is a prefecture level city under the jurisdiction of HunanProvince of the peoples Republic of China, formerly known as Dayong. It islocated in the northwest of Hunan Province, in the middle and upper reaches ofthe Lishui River, and belongs to the hinterland of Wuling mountains. Chinesemainland is one of the most important tourist city in China.
Friends: I believe you are not unfamiliar with Tianmen Mountain. The worldaerobatics Grand Prix held in November 1999 completed the feat of human flyingthrough natural karst caves for the first time, and the name of Tianmen Mountainsuddenly entered the worlds vision. How many people hope to have a glimpse ofTianmen Mountain. Today, you finally get what you want!
Tianmen Mountain is about 8 kilometers away from the south of ZhangjiajieCity. The top of the mountain is 1.93 kilometers wide from north to South and1.96 kilometers long from east to west. It covers an area of 2.2 squarekilometers and has an altitude of 1518.6. It is different from Wulingyuanssandstone peak forest landscape by its well-developed karst landform. It is aplatform shaped isolated mountain surrounded by cliffs.
Tianmen Mountain was called Songliang mountain in the Han Dynasty. In theThree Kingdoms period, a door was opened on the wall of the mountain. Sun Xiu,king of Wu, regarded it as an auspicious omen and renamed it Tianmen Mountain.Tianmen Mountain is a masterpiece of nature. In the long geological history, ithas experienced marine sedimentation rising to continental sedimentation,forming a high mountain, and suffered hundreds of millions of years of wind andrain erosion, especially the Triassic Yanshan movement. At the end of theCretaceous, the large-scale Himalayan orogeny further uplifted the TianmenMountain, which was cut into isolated mountains by two fault canyons, resultingin a great height difference between the high mountains and the valley, with aheight difference of more than 1300 meters within a few kilometers, thuscreating the majestic momentum of the isolated peaks of the TianmenMountain.
Tianmen Mountain is a mysterious carrier of historical culture and Buddhismculture, and a perfect combination of natural landscape and human landscape.
In order to speed up the process of tourism development in Zhangjiajie,Tianmen Mountain is in the process of large-scale development and construction.Some scenic spots have not been officially opened; the worlds longest ropewayand Tianmenshan temple are under construction.
(Tianmen cave) on the 1264 meter high cliff of Tianmen Mountain, there is anatural gate cave from north to south. It is 131.5 meters from the bottom to thetop, 37 meters wide and 30 meters deep. On the top edge of the north side of thecave, there is an inverted dragon head bamboo with roots like dragon head andleaves like phoenix tail, so it is also called Phoenix Tail Bamboo. On the eastside is a trench more than 200 meters high, with spring water flowing from aboveand falling plum blossom rain. It is said that anyone who can open his mouth toreceive 48 drops of plum blossom rain can become an immortal. At the entrance ofTianmen cave, you can often see rock swallows flying and mountain Eaglescircling. With the change of weather, Tianmen cave sometimes breathes clouds,sometimes it is clear like a mirror, which forms a cyclic and ever-changingmeteorological landscape.
So, how did Tianmen cave form? Geologist Mr. Qin gongjiong thought that itwas the result of "funnel" dissolution. He thinks that the terrain on the eastside of Tianmen cave inclines slightly to the west, while the terrain on thewest side inclines slightly to the East, and the core of syncline is facingTianmen cave road. The East and west walls are cut by two joints with a strikeof about 320 degrees, and a joint with a strike of 40 degrees intersects withthem at Tianmen cave. Two karst funnels at the top of the cave also play animportant role in the karst process. After the rain falls, the surface waterflows along the slope to the funnel, and part of the water flowing into the soilflows down the interlayer cracks of the stratum towards the core of thesyncline. The long-term continuous dissolution process makes the local collapse,and finally makes the two groups of caves merge into one, forming the Tianmencave.
However, some people disagree with this: the Tianmen cave was formedaccording to this principle. Why is the base of the cave a huge platform? Canthese rocks "collapse" out of the cave? Therefore, the formation of Tianmen caveis still an unsolved mystery.
(Tianmenshan Temple) Tianmenshan temple was first built in the TangDynasty. It was called Yunbo temple, Lingquan courtyard and Songliang hall inancient times. In the Ming Dynasty, due to improper site selection, it wasrepeatedly destroyed by wind and often suffered from water shortage, soTianmenshan temple was moved from the eastern peak. It used to be a place withtowering ancient trees and thick shade. The lintel of the ancient temple isengraved with the four characters "Tianmen Xianshan". The couplet on both sidesof the gate is: "there is no night in the sky, and there is no mountain on themountain. It is said that Li Zicheng wrote a book by Ye Fu. The entrance is theGreat Buddha Hall, behind which is the Guanyin hall, with six bungalows on bothsides. The last one is the ancestral hall, which is of great scale. Folk can besummarized as "three into the hall, six ear room, brick wall, iron pot, such asKuang". The original architecture of the temple is very particular, withcornices and angles, carved dragons and painted phoenixes, and statues ofBuddhas and Bodhisattvas. There is also a big drum, a big bell, a seven levelstone tower and a Dahua money stove. According to the inscriptions, Tianmenshantemple was repaired seven times during the 163 years from the Qianlong period ofthe Qing Dynasty to the fifth year of the Republic of China. At that time, therewas an endless stream of believers from more than ten counties along the borderof Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan and Guizhou. Now Tianmenshan Tourism Co., Ltd. isrepairing Tianmenshan temple on a large scale, and the former prosperity willreappear.
(longtouyan) its called longtouyan. In the past, there were stone tapsthat could be turned on the collapse. Longtou rock faces a cliff. It is saidthat in the past, many pilgrims, in order to show their sincerity in praying forGod and worshiping Buddha, held the dragons head in their hands and made acircle around the cliff. As long as they were sincere, they would guarantee younothing. Later, the dragon head was lifted off the cliff. Now we can only seethe stone pit where the dragon head was placed. Longtou rock is the best viewingplatform for sunrise and sea. Li Jing, the magistrate of Yuezhou in the MingDynasty, wrote a poem praising Tianmen Mountain
The mountain reaches its peak, and the gate of heaven is within reach.
Looking up at Penglai under the red sun, looking forward to Lufu whiteclouds.
Cangya abrupt pine fir ancient, Qujing remote horse trace empty.
If you want to build the highest peak, flying must rely on the skywind.
(chisongfeng gold pool) this small pool is about 1.3 meters long, 0.6meters wide and only a few centimeters deep. No matter how dry it is, the waterwill not dry up all the year round. It is said that this is the gold pool ofchisongzi, the rain master of Shennong emperor in ancient times. Under thenorthern cliff, there is a peak like Danzao peak, which is called Danzao peak.At the top of the peak, there are clouds and mist, like the smoke rising fromthe stove. It is said that it is a stove used by red pine nuts for alchemy.There is a poem by predecessors: "in the past, there were immortal places. Therelics are left in Danzao, and they often come and go. " There are thunder caveand electricity cave under the peak of Danzao. It is said that in addition tousing the water from the golden pool, the red pine nut can reach a certaindegree of fire with the help of thunder and electricity.
There are a lot of strange things in Tianmen Mountain, but the truth is notclear. Among them, there are four ancient mysteries, which have been handed downfrom generation to generation, and no one has solved them. The first is themystery of Tianmen opening, the second is the mystery of Guiguzi developing, thethird is the mystery of turning the water on the top of the mountain, and thefourth is the mystery of wild Buddhas treasure. It is said that under the beechtree is the treasure house of the wild Buddha. In the chapter "Tianmen Mountain"in the local records of Yongding County written by Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty,it is said that "in the Ming Dynasty, the wild Buddha flew to this mountain fromJiashan temple. The wild Buddha was a bandit. After the incident, he cut off hishair and became a monk. He escaped from heaven. "
(ghost Valley cave) it is said that when Li Zicheng took Yefu up themountain, he took more than 100 people and horses and many gold and silvertreasures, hired nine wooden boats to sneak into Dayong secretly against the LiRiver, and went up Tianmen Mountain unconsciously. This time Yefu became a monk,he didnt really want to become a Buddha. Instead, he "sleeps" every day and"draws his sword to the altar" to "restore the Central Plains" and "wipe out thewhole world" one day. However, the situation took a sharp turn, the peasant armycollapsed, the Qing government was established, and Yefu finally died ofanxiety. It is said that before he died, he scattered all the treasures he hadbrought and hid them in several secret places in Tianmen Mountain. And poisonedall the migrant workers to death. For hundreds of years, I dont know how manybandits, pilgrims and mysterious monks of Tianmen Mountain have come to Tianmento worship. In fact, they have come back empty handed to peep at the terrain andsearch for treasure. Where the treasure is hidden is always a mystery.
Standing on the cliff 300 meters away, there is an inverted trapezoidalcave with trees at the entrance and waterfalls flying out of the cave. It issaid that Gui GuZi, a famous scholar in the Warring States period, once studiedthe book of changes in the cave wall, and devoted himself to practicing martialarts, creating the world-famous "ghost Valley magic skill". There is also asecret collection of Wulin, Tianmen 36 Tianchi, which is called Guigu cave bylater generations. Guiguzi was the founder of the Political Science in theWarring States period. His main work, maneuvering tactics, is known as awonderful book, which studies how to defeat each other by means of union ordivision in politics and diplomacy. Historians say that a history of the WarringStates period chaos is derived from Guigu cave, which shows that Guigu Zi isvery good. Luo Fuhai, a man of Qing Dynasty, wrote a poem entitled "ghost Valleycave": "peach blossom and flowing water go floating, smile into the clouds, andvisit the cave deeply. Hermit flow more buried surname Yu, vertical andhorizontal skills actually immortal. On the wall of the Dao script, sealcharacters are left, and lead is cremated in the furnace. I heard Jun playingmusic in my ears, and a waterfall fell to the top of ten thousand peaks. "Xixiping and guanliping at the foot of the mountain are famous places for hardQigong. Qigong master Zhao Jishu has visited European countries many times andwon honor for his motherland.
From the end of 1980s to the 1990s, Li Guangyu, a veteran of Chisongvillage at the southern foot of Tianmen Mountain, had been let down for sixtimes to investigate the cave. Once, when exploring the cave, he occasionallytook pictures of Guiguzis face studying the book of changes with his camera.This is a profile image with a five sense organ Gallery, which is clearlydistinguishable. It is similar to the picture of Guiguzi, which has been widelyspread so far. Whether the image of Guiguzi is so vivid is accidental orcoincidence, or Gods intentional arrangement, which has become a mystery ofTianmen Mountain.
(aerial garden) please note that there are many exposed stone buds andstone forests on both sides of the trail. They are high and low in differentshapes, like a line to welcome us. This is another remarkable feature of thekarst landform in Tianmen Mountain. There are many stone buds and stone forestson the top of the mountain, which are distributed in the middle of the denseforest, forming a unique and primitive air garden. They are like labyrinths oneby one, and they are also like the eight array pictures of Pushuos confusionand changes. Tourists travel through it with unlimited interest. Folk legend hasit that anyone who can successfully pass through these labyrinths will be ableto pass through the so-called forty-eight gates of all living beings. Myfriends, you may as well have a try now. I wish you a smooth life.
(Li Nas cabin) this seven shaped cabin is the house of Li Na, a famoussinger. In May 1997, Li Na finished singing a song "Qinghai Tibet Plateau", andsoon disappeared. The news media couldnt find her everywhere. It turned outthat she had come to Tianmen Mountain. After living for a few days, she wasattracted and shocked by the magical Tianmen Mountain, and soon made twodecisions: one is to officially move her registered permanent residence toYongding District of Zhangjiajie, where Tianmen Mountain is located; the otheris to build a house for herself on the top of Tianmen Mountain. On June 6, 1997,Li Na officially became a citizen of Yongding District. It was said that Li Nawas going to build a house in Tianmen Mountain. The people were very happy.Without saying a word, they lifted wood and bricks from the foot of the mountainto the top of the mountain, which was more than 1500 meters high. A month later,the house was built. In her "nest", Li Na made the third decision that shockedthe world: to become a monk! Before long, Li Na unconsciously studied Buddhismin Mt. Wutai, Shanxi, and changed her name to shichangsheng. Before she leftTianmen Mountain, Li Na sang "Ode to sister-in-law" for Aunt Hu, who had beenwaiting on her for nearly a month. Then she opened her voice and sang "TianmenMountain", a three and a half degree poem "tailored by her assistant" for her,in order to bid farewell to her second hometown.
Tianmen Mountain
Approaching you, for the eternal oath,
Approaching you, for that distant dream,
What makes my heart so peaceful,
I finally saw Tianmen Mountain
Friends, why did Li Na become a monk and settle down in Tianmen Mountain?Its not clear in a few words. Its up to you to decipher the mystery of Li Naslife.
It is said that the first time Guiguzi went to Tianmen Mountain was fromganziping to laodaowan, from the cliff to the top of the mountain, and then toguigudong. Under the cliff, there is still a chain.
(overlooking Tianmen) standing here, you can overlook Tianmen cave facingnorth and Tongtian Avenue being built by Tianmen Mountain company. It was herethat CCTV crew 6 filmed the amazing scene of the plane passing through theTianmen gate during the world flying race in November 1999. Its more than 200meters from Tianmen cave.
Tianmen Mountain, like Zhangjiajie, is a national forest park with richvegetation. About 500 mu of primary secondary forest is preserved at the top ofthe mountain. According to the investigation, there are 532 species of vascularplants in 134 families, 353 genera. 95% of them are broad-leaved forests. Therare tree species under state protection include Davidia involucrata, Xiangguo,Lianxiang, Acer palmatum, Acer Sanguinalis, Eucommia ulmoides, Torreya grandis,silver Finch, etc. In this primary secondary forest, along this path, we willfind many rare tree species. This is Acer Sanguinalis. The cortex on the surfaceof the trunk is blood red. In autumn and winter, the bark on the surface of aslightly older tree splits in large pieces and adheres to the trunk. It is thinand looks like shaking scales. This is Carpinus. Carpinus is a new family ofvegetation species on earth. It was first discovered in Tianmen Mountain byProfessor Lin Yuanwang of South China Forestry University in 1998 and named"Dayong Carpinus" by the authority of the State Forestry Department. This is athousand year old tree called "Carpinus king", which needs to be embraced by twopeople. Carpinus Carpinus is hard and can be used as farm tools and furniture.It can extract rubber and extract oil from seeds.
(Davidia involucrate Bay) Davidia involucrate is known as the "livingfossil" of plants. It is an extremely precious tree species in the world. Thedistribution of Davidia involucrate communities is especially rare at the top ofhigh mountains with an altitude of more than 1500 meters. However, large-scaleDavidia involucrate communities have been found in Tianmen mountain and Badagongmountain. There are more than 100 Davidia involucrata trees in this area, so itis also called Davidia involucrata Bay. Davidia involucrata is like a dove. Whenit blooms in June, its branches are like doves with wings spreading to fly.There are also Gastrodia elata, Huanglian, Danggui, qiyeyizhihua and otherprecious medicinal plants in the forest. In 1984, the forest farm workers founda unicorn with only one horn on its head in this area. Its whole body is numbgray and the size of a calf. On the mountain, we also found two monkeys, about10-13cm long. Historical records: Mi monkey, also known as Haba monkey, is smalland can be hidden in the sleeve.
(Lingquan courtyard is the site of Yunbo nunnery) the Lingquan courtyard islocated on the back of Yunmeng Mountain, facing the southwest from thenortheast. The original building has two rooms and three rooms, facing the sunfrom the Lee. The environment is very beautiful. At the end of Tang Dynasty andFive Dynasties, Zhou Pu, a scholar, retired here. In 1975, under the ancienttrees in front of the site, a seven star bronze sword with inscriptions on thedragons head was excavated. The inscription is "emperor xuanzu of TianmenMountain". Together with four bronze Bodhisattvas, it was identified as acultural relic of the Tang Dynasty and a national first-class cultural relic.Emperor Xuan should be a Taoist. It is said that the Tianmen bronze sword wascollected by monk Danzi during the reign of Li Heng, Emperor suzong of TangDynasty. It is a treasure of Zhenshan. It is said that monk Danzi is the firstabbot of Tianmen Mountain Buddhist temple, which proves that there is aprecedent of integrating Buddhism and Taoism in Tianmen Mountain, and Puguangtemple in the city is a typical example of the confluence of Buddhism,Confucianism and Taoism.
(Yunmeng Summit) Yunmeng summit is surrounded by cliffs on the East, Westand north sides, with three natural viewing platforms on the edge. Looking downfrom here, you can see the housing streets in Zhangjiajie City and the gulliesand peaks on both sides of Xianren river. There are also three sister peaks ofchaotianguan in the northwest, and mountains in Yongshun, Cili and Yuanling inthe distance. It really has the feeling of "looking at the small mountains" and"Lishui is as thin as intestines". It will be a great pleasure to watch the seaof clouds here. The rolling clouds, like empty huge waves, are surging, givingpeople a heroic way to conquer mountains and a detachment from the world.
(Tomb of Zhoupu) Zhoupu was a scholar of the Late Jin Dynasty in the FiveDynasties. In order to avoid the war at that time, he lived in seclusion inLingquan courtyard of Tianmen Mountain for entertainment. At that time, thefather and son of Ma Yin and Ma Xifan, the kings of Chu, who ruled the Southseparately, admired his talent and learning, and invited Zhou Pu out of themountain many times, but he politely declined, and later died in TianmenMountain. His tomb is surrounded by a ring of natural stone teeth. In front ofit, there are three arched stone buildings. After the collapse, there is a tomb.Zhou Pu tomb is an important historic site on the mountain. Zhou Pu wrote inTianmen Mountain
篇7:介绍山西晋祠的导游词范文
大家好!首先,我代表旅行社欢迎您参加本次旅游活动。希望通过我的讲解陪伴您这次美好时光。
人云:“不到晋祠,枉到太原。”又有人说:“初到太原的人,不去参观晋祠,犹如外国友人到北京未去游览紫禁城那样遗憾。”所以到了太原一定要去晋祠看看。晋祠位于山西太原市西南悬瓮山麓,是集中国古代祭祀建筑、园林、雕塑、壁画、碑刻艺术为一体的唯一而珍贵的历史文化遗产,也是世界建筑、园林、雕刻艺术中心。
位于太原市区西南25公里处的悬瓮山麓,为古代晋王祠,始建于北魏,是后人为纪念周武王次子姬虞而建。全国重点文物保护单位之一。姬虞封于唐,称唐叔虞。虞子夑继父位,因临晋水,改国号为晋。因此,后人习称晋祠。北魏以后,北齐、隋、唐、宋、元、明、清各代都曾对晋词重修扩建。
晋祠是具几十座古建筑的中国古典园林游览胜地。环境幽雅舒适,风景优美秀丽,素以雄伟的建筑群、高超的塑像艺术闻名于世。游晋祠,可按中、北、南三部分进行。中,即中轴线,从大门入,自水镜台起,经会仙桥、金人台、对越坊、献殿、钟鼓楼、鱼沼飞梁到圣母殿。这是晋祠的主体,建筑结构严谨,具有极高的艺术价值。北部从文昌宫起,有东岳祠、关帝庙、三清祠、唐叔祠、朝阳洞、待风轩、三台阁、读书台和吕祖阁。这一组建筑物大部随地势自然错综排列,以崇搂高阁取胜。南部从胜瀛楼起,有白鹤亭、三圣祠、真趣亭、难老泉亭、水母楼和公输子祠。这一组楼台计峙,泉流潺绕,颇具江南园林风韵。此外最南部还有十方奉圣禅寺,相传原为唐代开国大将尉迟恭的别墅。祠北浮屠院内有舍利生生塔一座,初建于隋开皇年间,宋代重修,清代乾隆年间重建,为七级八角形,高30余米,每层四面有门,饰以琉璃勾栏。登塔远眺,晋祠全景历历在目。
晋祠,初名唐叔虞祠,是为纪念晋国开国诸侯唐叔虞而建。叔虞励精图治,利用晋水,兴修农田水利,大力发展农业,使唐国百姓安居乐业,生活富足,造成日后八百年的风调雨顺,国泰民安,呈现出一派兴旺景象。叔虞死后,后人为纪念他,在其封地之内选择了这片依山傍水,风景秀丽的地方修建了祠堂供奉他,取名“唐叔虞祠”。叔虞的儿子燮父继位后,因境内有晋水流淌,故将国号由“唐”改为“晋”,这也是山西简称“晋”的由来,祠堂也改名为“晋王祠”,简称“晋祠”。
在漫长的岁月中,晋祠曾经过多次修建和扩建,面貌不断改观。南北朝时,文宣帝高洋,推翻东魏,建立了北齐,将晋阳定为别都,于天保年间(公元550——559年)扩建晋祠,“大起楼观,穿筑池塘”。隋开皇年间(公元581—620xx年),在祠区西南方增建舍利生生塔。唐感观二十年(公元 646年),太宗李世民到晋祠,撰写碑文《晋祠之铭并序》,并又一次进行扩建。宋太宗赵光义于太平兴国年间(公元976—983年),在晋祠大兴土木,修缮竣工时还刻碑记事。宋仁宗赵祯于天圣年间(公元1023——1032年),追封唐叔虞为汾东王,并为唐叔虞之母邑姜修建了规模宏大的圣母殿。
自从北宋天圣年间修建了圣母殿和鱼沼飞梁后,祠区建筑布局更大为改观。此后,铸造铁人,增建献殿、钟楼、鼓楼及水镜台等,这样,以圣母殿为主体的中轴线建筑物就次第告成。原来居于正位的唐叔虞祠,坐落在旁边,退处于次要的位置了。
晋祠最著名的建筑为圣母殿,创建于宋代天圣年间(公元1023—1032年)。圣母传为姬虞之母邑姜。圣母殿原名“女郎祠”,殿堂宽大疏朗,存有宋代精美彩塑侍女像43尊(含后补塑2尊),这些彩塑中,邑姜居中而座,神态庄严,雍容华贵,凤冠霞披,是一尊宫廷统治者形象。塑像形象逼真,造型生动,情态各异,是研究宋代雕塑艺术和服饰的珍贵资料。
鱼沼飞梁,建于宋代,呈十字桥形,如大鹏展翅,位于圣母殿前,形状典雅大方,造型独特,是国内现存古桥梁中仅有的一例。
金人台四尊铁人姿态英武,因铁为五金之属,人称之为“金人台”。西南隅的那尊铁人,铸于北宋绍圣四年(公元1097年),已有八百多年的历史,不但保存完整,而且神态威武,英姿勃勃,气概不凡,销明甲亮,闪闪泛光,颇为独特。据说,一年夏天气候特别炎热,身披铁甲的西南隅的铁人忍受不了这难熬的痛苦。独自走到汾河边,只见汾河滔滔而流,怎么过河呢,铁人犯了愁。正在着急,忽见从上游不远沿岸边驶下一条小船。铁人赶忙上前招呼,要求船家把他渡到对岸。船家沉吟一阵,方才慢腾腾地说:“渡你一人,人太少,可再稍候一时,再等等有无旁人。”铁人一焦急,赶忙说道:“你能渡过我一个,就算你有能耐啦”船家看了看铁人说:“你能有多重,一只船不止装一人,除非你是铁铸的。”话一落音,一语道破了铁人的本相。瞬间,铁人立在汾河边,纹丝不动,怎么这人不说话了?船家抬眼一看,面前立着一位铁人。多眼熟啊,嗬,可不是嘛,是晋词的铁人。船家不敢怠慢,赶忙找了一些乡亲,把铁人抬回金人台。圣母勒令手下将领,把铁人的脚趾上连砍三刀,表示对铁人不服从戒律的惩罚。今日的铁人,脚上还留着连砍三刀的印痕。
唐碑亭,即“贞观宝翰”亭。亭内陈列唐太宗李世民手书碑刻“晋祠之铭并序”。 全碑1200多宇,书法行草,骨骼雄健,笔力奇逸含蓄,有王羲之的书法神韵,是书法艺术的珍品。圣母殿右侧,是千年古树“卧龙周柏”。难老泉,俗称“南海眼”,出自断岩层,终年涌水,生生不息,北齐时有人据《诗经鲁颂》中“永锡难老”之句起名“难老泉”。周柏、难老泉、侍女像誉称“晋祠三绝”。
在晋祠难老泉亭上方,有一座水母楼,俗称梳妆楼,别号水晶宫。楼内水母像铜质金装,端坐瓮上,束发未竟,神态自若。据传,水母姓柳,生性贤良,家住晋祠附近的金胜村,嫁到晋祠为媳。不幸的是,她同嫁后横遭婆线虐待,每日到远方去挑水。挑回的水,婆母只要前桶,不要后桶,名为嫌脏,实则存心刁难。一天,柳女挑水归来,在途中一骑马人要借水饮马,柳女欣然应允。等柳女返回重挑时,那人送给柳女一条金丝马鞭,并告她马鞭放在瓮中,只要轻轻向上一提,水即满瓮。柳女回去一试,果然灵验。这个秘密不久就被柳女的小姑子发现,一次她趁获女回娘家不在,从瓮中提起马鞭,顿时,水从瓮中奔涌而出。大水,很快就要淹没附近村庄……,柳女正在娘家梳头,闻讯赶来,毅然坐在瓮上,水势一下变小,人们得救了,水母再也没有离开水瓮。
晋祠南部,名奉圣寺,相传这里曾是唐朝大将尉迟敬德的别墅。奉圣寺此,有舍利塔,塔高38米,七级八角形。在奉圣寺附近,有巨槐一株,干老枝嫩,苍郁古朴,独具一格。据传,原来这株槐树历史久远,早已干枯,也不知过了多少年,到清代乾隆二十一年(公元1756年)农历三月廿一日,奉圣寺内集会,人来人往熙攘非凡。恰好,有一个老道士在枯槐下叫卖,出售膏药。口里喊着:“膏药灵应、能汉百病,有福来买,无福不信。”叫卖半晌,没人买他的药。这位老道继续叫卖:“如此仙药,来购无人,凡人无福,枯槐宜生。”说罢,他将膏药贴于枯槐身上.拂袖扬长而去。说来真巧,不到一个月,这株枯槐,死而复生。生枝展芽,甚为茂盛。人们见状,都惊呼这株枯槐叫复生槐。实际上,俗话说得好:“千年柏、万年松,老槐一睡几百春。”这株枯槐复生,大约是因为多年长睡而碰巧苏醒的缘故。
晋祠是一处自然山水与历史文物相交织的风景名胜区。古为唐地,西周初年成王之弟叔虞封于唐,其子燮因境内有晋水而改唐为晋,后人祀叔虞于晋水之源,因称晋祠。自《山海经》始,历代均有文献记载,而魏、齐、隋、唐以下各代至今尚有大量的实物保留于祠内外。
唐太宗李世民曾以“六合为家”的英雄气魄,用“经仁纬义”的华丽文笔,对悬瓮山的雄伟,晋水的秀丽做了拟人化的评赞:
“其施惠也;则和风溽露是生,油云膏雨斯起;
其至仁也;则霓裳鹤盖息焉,飞禽走兽依焉;
其刚节也;则治乱不改其形,寒暑莫移其操;
其大量也:则育万物而不倦,资四方而靡穷。
……莹氛雾而终清,有英俊之贞操;
住方圆以成象,体圣贤之屈伸;
日注不穷,类芳猷之无绝。
年倾不溢,同上德之诫盈。”
对于晋祠的建筑及夜景,也作了诗意的描写:“金阙九层,鄙蓬莱之已陋;玉楼千仞,耻昆阆之非奇。落月低于桂筵,流星起于株树。”
李白诗曰:“时时出向城西曲,晋祠流水如碧玉;浮舟弄水萧鼓鸣,微波龙鳞莎草绿。”
郭沫若诗曰:“圣母原来是邑姜,分封桐叶溯源长。隋槐周柏矜高古,宋殿唐碑竞炜煌。悬瓮山泉流玉磬,飞梁芊沼布葱珩。倾城四十宫娥像,笑语嘤嘤立满堂。”
林徽因说:“晋祠的布置又像庙观的院落,又像华丽的宫苑;全部兼有开敞堂皇的局面和曲折深邃的雅趣。大殿楼阁在古树婆娑池流映带之间,实像个放大的私家园亭。”
《晋祠志》载:“三晋之胜,以晋阳为最;而晋阳之胜,全在晋祠。”
晋祠的美是多方面的,出于偏爱,这里多仅从建筑学和美学的角度,对晋祠古代建筑做出粗略的分析。
祠祀的形成
早在原始社会时期人类与自然同处于一种既隔绝对立又浑然一体的矛盾状态,又因其文明的低下而无法窥探自然界的奥秘。便常以自己的思维去比附周围的世界,于是只能简单地把物看成是有灵的,与自己相关的生命体。对于原始人类来说自然不仅有生命,而且是巨大而神秘的,对人具有不可抗拒的威力和魅力,“精神在物质重量下感到压抑,而压抑之感正是崇拜的起点。”于是自然崇拜便产生了。当人们把动植物中个别的崇拜对象当做本族的祖先或与本族祖先有血缘关系或本族生活有根本的关联成了其保护神的时候,又以想象重构这一崇拜对象,并当作本族的名称标志时,就出现了图腾崇拜。随着农耕方式和思维能力的发展,自然崇拜逐渐被归纳为天地崇拜。人们用美妙的传说创造了日月星辰、山川河海诸神并赋于他们超人的能力和形象。又承定居的生活方式,出现了祖先信仰。“祖先崇拜是从人们重视父系传宗接代开始的,陶祖和石祖的出现标志着图腾崇拜的衰落和祖先崇拜的兴起。敬神尊祖也就进而成为古代国人安身立命的根本观念。
晋祠是奉祀晋国首任诸侯唐叔虞的祠宇,曾名唐叔虞祠、晋王祠。北魏郦道元《水经注》中说:“《山海经》曰:‘悬瓮之山,晋水出焉。’今在县之西南。昔智伯遏晋水以灌晋阳。其川上溯,后人踵其遗迹,蓄以为沼,沼西际山枕水,有唐叔虞祠。水侧有凉堂,结飞梁于水上,左右杂树交荫,希见曦景。至有淫朋密友,羁游宦子,莫不寻梁集契,用相娱慰,于晋川之中最为胜处。
高欢、高洋父子,推翻东魏,建立了北齐。定晋阳为别都,并在天保年间在晋祠大起楼观,穿筑池塘。北齐后主高伟,崇信佛教,于天保五年(公元569年)曾下诏把晋祠改名为大崇皇帝。
隋末,太原留守李渊与其子李世民起兵太原,建立了大唐王朝。唐太宗李世民于贞观廿年(公元646年)故地重游,亲撰《晋祠之铭并序》大碑一通。
宋仁宗赵祯于天圣年间(1023——1031年),追封唐叔虞为汾东王,并为叔虞之母邑姜,修建了规模宏大的圣母殿。重建了鱼沼飞梁,祠区布局,大为改观。元佑、绍圣年间,由善男信女募集资金,铸靠造铁人,筑莲花台以壮威仪。金大定八年,更在飞梁大东,增建献殿,专为圣母子贡献祭品。明万历年间,在献殿前增建对越坊和钟鼓楼。接着又在会仙桥的东面,重修了华丽的水镜台供演戏之用。
又由于晋祠是晋水的源头,人们又把与自己生活息息相关的、视为生命之源的水及水母、水神也是和叔虞、圣母一起来祭祀,并在晋水源头建水母楼、难老泉亭。于是晋祠又成了人们举行地雩祭的重要场所。
民间的鬼神信仰主要来源于万物有灵论。 秦汉时好神仙、尚方术之风兴盛,人们对前代神祗作了一番整理,建立了祭礼制度,并设置了大量的神祗,将多神崇拜的方式固定下来,吸引了许多民间信仰扩充了祭祀的范围,增加了祭祀的对象,丰富了祭祀的仪式。几乎无神不有祠,无神不致祭。于是乎晋祠以祖先、山川崇拜为主,儒、释、道及民间诸神为辅的完善的祭祀场所逐渐形成。晋祠也就成了从玉皇大帝、太上老君、释迦牟尼到土地神、关帝老爷至文曲星君、英雄侠女等群“仙”会聚的地方,它们无不互弃己见,各居晋祠一隅,共享人间香火。
功能与形式
祠庙建筑是以精神为原动力而创造出来的。精神功能指人们的心理功能,它包括审美、认知、崇拜三个方面。祭祀是祠庙建筑最初的主要功能。《祭示篇》云:“凡祭祀之义有二,一日报功,二日修先。报功以勉力,修先以崇恩,力勉恩崇功立化通圣王之务也。”对自然神的祭祀出于报功的心理,对祖先的祭祀就是修先报恩了。而民间百姓则主要出于禳灾祈愿的现实需要和对自然力的恐惧依赖的矛盾心理。古代人谢神和祈祷仪式是极形象而富于浪漫想象力的。《乐雅·释天》:“春祭曰祠;夏祭曰;秋祭曰尝;冬祭曰蒸。祭天曰燔柴;祭地曰瘗埋;祭山曰技悬;祭川浮沉;祭星曰布;祭风曰磔。”就根据所祀对象的不同采用了各不相同的象征手法。《礼记·祭法》郑玄注说:“庙之言貌也,宗庙者先祖之尊貌也。”最早的“先祖之尊貌”可能就是标志生殖崇拜的灵石,宗庙之主“石”。《说文》云:“石,宗庙主也。周礼有郊宗石室;一日大石,约在汉代又演为木主,也就是后代的祖宗牌位。应祭祀功能的需求,祠祀的建筑也就产生了。并随居住、宫殿等营造技术的发展,祠祀建筑也由野外的坟、坛、石进入了有顶的庙宇,又因祭祀仪式的分工专门化和古代人事死如事生的观念又演变为寝殿、献殿或香亭的组合群体。
禳灾祈愿的心理——祠祀方式——坟、坛、祜、庙宇。
晋祠一组祠祀建筑可谓把祭祀功能发挥到了极至,过会仙桥西行,为古莲花台,台为方形,四隅各铸一铁人护祠、镇水,以壮威仪。穿对越坊便是献殿、鱼沼飞梁、圣母殿组成的核心群体。
献殿、殿身三间,歇山顶、四周无墙,当心间前后辟门,其余各间,在坚厚的槛墙上安叉子,形如一座凉亭,灵巧而豪放。敬神时,燃一炷香,那五谷之气,便会使人置身于云雾漫漫,青烟缭绕的神秘氯围之中,从而使人的心灵不由自主地产生某种微妙的变化,上达于天,天人妙合。
鱼沼飞梁在圣母殿与献殿之间,古人圆者为池,方者为沼,沼中多鱼,故曰:“鱼沼”;其上立架十字形桥,“架虚为桥,若飞也。”故曰:“飞梁”。东西桥面宽阔,为通往圣母殿的要道,而南北桥面,下斜如鸟之两翼,翩翩欲飞;边缀勾栏,凭栏赏景,益增诗情画意。建筑学家梁思成先生说:“此式石柱桥,在古画中偶见,实物则仅此一孤例,洵为可贵。”进而考其功能更似一四通之祭坛。雩祀是民间的大事,故春旱求雨,必先择吉日,即壬辰一类属水的日子,然后在城东筑八尺见方的四通之坛,献生鱼八条,玄酒、脯肉一类以祭。在甲、乙日做一条八丈长的大青龙,置放中央,做七条四丈长的小青龙,面向东方,相隔八尺陈列车员。令儿童八人、田啬夫八人斋戒三日,青衣立于龙旁。仪式开始,鼓乐喧天,儿童与田啬疯狂起舞,然后由一近迷狂状态的伶牙俐齿的巫祝,口念祭词,手舞足啃以请雨……。不管形式如何变化,苍龙始终是我们民族文化一个至今不衰的母题。从“飞龙在天,利见大人”的卦辞到灵星祭雩祭,从默默无声的神秘卦象到震耳欲聋的祭礼鼓声,哪个不围绕这个母题?这母题具有神奇的生命力,它没有终止于汉代的祭祀,反而在民间稳固地生要发芽、开花结果,演成至今不衰的民俗文化形式、龙舞龙灯、龙戏珠……在当年雩祭的青龙舞,早已种下龙舞龙灯与大型龙舞的原型因子;那手舞足蹈的僮子就是后来的手执波珠的领舞者,那强悍的男啬夫就是后来的舞龙人……
水镜台规模壮观,台上东部为重檐歇山顶,演戏时用为后幕,台上西部为卷棚歇山顶,面向圣母殿,三面开敞,演戏时为前台,台下埋大瓮八口,为扩音之用。在民间无论那种酬神还愿的祭祀活动,总少不于表演各类舞乐,以娱神兼娱人,历代皆然。由于古代人民生活困苦,终年辛劳,仅得一饱,闲暇有限,为了调剂生活,每每借祭祀的机会鼓舞欢庆。这种民间的迎神赛社的祭祀仪式,具有公开性、礼仪性和娱乐性的特征〈淮南子·精神训〉载:“今天穷鄙之社也,叩盆拊瓴,相和而歌,自为乐矣。”〈东京梦华录〉栽北宋汴京城外神保观神诞时的盛况:“廿四日州西灌口二郎生日,最为繁盛。庙在万胜门外一里许,敕赐神保观。廿三日……于殿前露台上设乐棚,教坊,钧容直作乐,更互杂剧舞旋……廿四日诸司及诸行百姓献送甚多,其社火呈于露台之上。”宋元时期戏曲勃兴,为适应迎神赛社时的演出需要,在露台、乐亭的基础上分前场后幕,单面开敞的戏台。场地也由四周围观,进而形成有固定方向的戏场,并在各祠庙中普遍出现了。
篇8:介绍承德避暑山庄概况的导游词
Hello, Im Pang ziyue, the gold medal tour guide of sunshine travel agency.Today, let me introduce Chengdes summer resort to you. Please follow me toenter the villa. You must keep up with me, or you will be sorry if you donthear my explanation.
Chengde summer resort is a world cultural heritage, a national key culturalrelic protection unit, and one of the four famous gardens in China. It was aplace for the emperors of Qing Dynasty to spend summer and deal with governmentaffairs. The summer resort was built in 1703. It took 89 years to complete afterthe reign of Emperor Kangxi, Emperor Yongzheng and Emperor Qianlong. The summerresort is mainly divided into palace area and garden area. Now lets focus onthe palace area.
The palace area is located on the South Bank of the lake, covering an areaof 100000 square meters. The terrain is flat. It is the place where the emperordeals with government affairs, holds celebrations and lives. It is rich inscenery, surrounded by mountains, green grass and flowers. Compared with othergardens, it has its unique style. The architecture of the palace is veryimposing.
After visiting the palace area, the scenic spot on our right is the gardenscenic spot, which can be divided into three parts: Lake area, plain area andmountain area. There are several big temples, eight lakes and eight smallislands in the villa. This garden is also my favorite scenic spot. Withmountains and water, the scenery is very beautiful. It is suitable for theelderly and children to play slowly in the scenic area.
After listening to my explanation, you must feel how smart and hardworkingthe working people of our country were at that time. You must also have yourfavorite scenic spots. Next, you can move freely and play more in your favoritescenic spots. My explanation ends here. I hope that through my explanation, youwill have a new understanding and insight of Chengde summer resort. Thankyou!
篇9:介绍西双版纳导游词
位于云南之南,自古至今都是中国遥远边获的西双版纳,在20世纪50年代以前,与外界的联系主要是通过一条条幽深、险峻的茶马古道来完成的。
在西双版纳这一条千百年来的古山道——茶马古道上走一遭,感受千百年的历史在脚下走过“青石板上的马蹄印、密林里的古茶树、草窠里深藏的清代诰封碑……”。
古人都说:“宁可食无肉,不可居无竹”。生活在云南西双版纳地区的少数民族算得上是最最幸福的人,因为他们不仅居住在“竹”楼里,吃着“竹”筒饭、喝着“竹”筒酒,真是比神仙还逍遥。
西双版纳热带雨林中有竹子种类逾百,满山遍野,竹浪起伏,而各民族村寨也是凤尾竹掩映,十分秀丽。
在西双版纳傣族的民歌里更是有“有寨就有竹林绿,有竹就有人家住”的佳句,描述了这里各民族与竹子的密切关系。这里的人们对于竹子可谓“不可一日无此君”,来西双版纳感受这独特的竹子文化。
“水花放,傣家狂”,“泼湿一身、幸福终生”!象征着吉祥、幸福、健康的一朵朵水花在空中盛开,人们尽情地泼尽情地洒,笑声朗朗,全身湿透,兴致弥高。
泼水节是西双版纳一年中最盛大的民族节日。每年的公历4月1 2日举行,被称为“波水节”。
篇10:沈阳植物园导游词介绍
欢迎大家来到这!我是你们的导游,我姓x,大家可以叫我小x。为了便于大家参观游玩,下面我首先大家介绍一下。
沈阳植物园(沈阳世界园艺博览园)是20__中国沈阳世界园艺博览会的会址,占地2.46平方公里,是一个森林中的世博园。沈阳世博园位于沈阳东郊,距市区十公里,交通便利。荟萃、展示了东北、西北、华北及内蒙古地区植物资源,集中展示世界五大洲及国内重点城市的园林和建筑艺术特色,是容丰富文化娱乐活动、生态和环保理念于一体的综合旅游景区。
园内建有百合塔、凤凰广场、玫瑰园等主题建筑。自然生态、人工、滨水湿地三大景观浑然天成,代表国际、国内各地区及不同风格植物的百余个风情展园如繁星般点缀其间。园内栽植露地木本植物、露地草本植物和温室植物20__余种,是东北地区收集植物种类最多的植物展园。
园内每年还定期举办大型花展,其中“五?一”的郁金香花展,“六?一”的牡丹芍药花展,“七?一”的百合花展,“八?一”的大丽花展,“十?一”的菊花展等都精彩纷呈,是北方少有的景观。
在园内湖泊水面上建有造型各异的铁索桥,是游人热衷的项目。独具特色的儿童乐园,惊险刺激的攀岩,更令青少年流连忘返。
世博园荣获国家首批最高AAAAA级旅游景区称号,并通过ISO9001质量管理、ISO14001环境管理体系和OHS18001职业安全健康体系整合认证。
植物专类园按照植物的不同科属、不同种类和不同生态习性分为“牡丹芍药园”、“丁香园”、“杜鹃园”、“草坪植物区”、“宿根花卉园”、“观果园”、“木兰园”、“松杉园”、“蔷薇园”、“药草园”、“樱花园”、“树木标本园”、“水生植物区”、“岩生植物区”、“色叶园”、“百合园”、“珍稀濒危植物保护区”、“整型树木区”、“迎春园”、“台地园”等二十余座专类园。其中有东北地区罕见的珍品“百年牡丹”,有珍稀濒危植物东北红豆杉、朝鲜越桔等名花异卉。亭台廊阁、花坛景墙、叠山奇石,瀑布喷泉装点其间,为专类园凭添几分风韵和特色;翠湖游览区水面空阔、湖水碧绿,如同一块宠大的“绿宝石”,兀立于翠湖岸边的“攀岩”又如同一座“飞来峰”,是勇敢者展示胆魄和力量的用武之地;静潭和菱角沟是“游艺桥”集中区,每天吸引着数以千计的男女老少,他们在尽兴、忘我的发挥潜能,战胜自我,领悟人生价值;星星乐园是少年儿童的天地,各种卡通造型游具。
令小朋友们乐不知返;动物观赏区展示近百种珍禽异兽,使人大饱眼福;科普长廊、科普画廊和科普园以各种新颖方式向游人介绍许多有关植物及生态环境保护方面的科普知识,深入浅出,通俗易懂;“人与自然”系列雕塑充满艺术神韵,在向人们述说那些古老而神秘的神话传说,这些艺术杰作展示了华夏文化的深邃底蕴和厚重的历史内涵;蒸汽机车陈列馆展出十七台我国铁路史上使用的旧式国产和国外8个国家所产的蒸汽机车,这些科技珍品,是我国近百年一段屈辱历史的见证……本园一年四季均有佳景可供观赏:春夏之交,丁香、玫瑰、刺槐花香四溢;深秋红叶诱人,果实累累;严冬来临,雪压青松、白桦秀丽、银装素裹。每年的几次大型花展也是沈阳少有的景观;5月的郁金香展;6月的牡丹芍药及鸢尾等花展;7月的百合花展;8月大丽花展;9月地被菊展,每次花节都吸引大批游人观赏。
篇11:重庆金佛山导游词介绍
金佛山为蜀中四大名山之一,与峨眉、青城齐名。属大娄山山脉,又名金山,古称九递山,由金佛、箐坝、柏枝三山108峰组成。总面积1300平方公里,风景区规划面积441平方公里,保护区面积522平方公里。主峰风吹岭的海拔高度为2251米,山顶与山麓的相对高差为1911米。金佛山属典型的喀斯特地质地貌,由于特殊的地理位置和气候条件,景区较为完整地保存了不同地质年代的原始自然生态。
700多年前意大利著名旅行家马可波罗在游金佛山的游记中记载金佛山雄、奇、险、峻错综复杂,山、水、林、泉、声形兼备,尤以金佛晓钟、云海苍松、绝壁玩猴为三绝。它以其独特的自然风貌,品种繁多的珍稀动植物,雄险怪奇的岩体造型,神秘而幽深的洞宫地府,变幻莫测的气象景观和珍贵的文物古迹而荣列国家级风景名胜区、国家级自然保护区、国家森林公园、国家首批科普教育基地和国家自然遗产。金佛山自然保护区始建于1979年。山上珍稀动植物种类繁多。
植物多达5099种,其中银杉、银杏、大叶茶、方竹、杜鹃王树属国家一类保护植物,被誉为“金山五绝”。动物500多种,其中有国家一级保护动物的金钱豹、云豹、华南虎、白冠鹤、红腹角鸡、金丝猴、黑叶猴、梅花鹿等。金佛山风景区在重庆汽车站乘汽车可达南川,转车至金佛山。自驾路线,重庆——界水——大观——南川——金佛山共计120公里;重庆至南川为全程高速,南川至金佛山为景区公路,全程约1.5小时。
篇12:介绍兵马俑的导游词
Hi!各人好,我叫何樱楠,你们也可以密切的叫我樱桃小丸子。本日我来给先容一个旅游景点,这个景点我想各人都必定猜不到是那边,我为导游汇报你们吧!那就是“秦戎马俑”。
这个旅游景点然则进入了八大事迹之一,是不是很锋利呢?德国的科尔去旅行了戎马俑之后,就说:“本日看到了中华民族迂腐文化和巨大的汗青。”而朝鲜的金日成说:“‘秦戎马俑’这是一个巨大的事业。”法国前总统希拉克说:“不去金字塔,不是道埃及。不看戎马俑不算到中国。”……我想各人听了这些话后,想去看戎马俑的等候会更凶猛。
戎马俑分为四个大坑,全部的戎马俑共有八千个,面积约莫有两万平方米。一号坑是四个俑坑中最大的一个坑,内里的戎马俑排得异常正确,一个接着一个,不歪不斜。真像秦始皇昔时带领的一支出生入死,所向无敌的部队。他们都有纷歧样的模样外形,有的点头低眉,有的眼光炯炯,有的紧握双拳,有的注视远方。这些戎马俑分为六种兵俑,有将军俑、军人俑、骑兵俑、弓弩俑、马俑……
古今中外,秦戎马俑是雕塑史上是唯一无二的,秦国曾经异常强盛,曾有过千乘之国之称,秦戎马俑镌刻得有声有色、惟妙惟肖,局限弘大,这不是很锋利吗?
篇13:介绍承德避暑山庄概况的导游词
游客朋友们,大家好!今天我是你们的导游,我姓郝,大家可以叫我郝导。
游客朋友们,避暑山庄原名热河行宫,始建于康熙年间,建成于乾隆,耗时近90年,是我国现存最大的皇家园林,约为颐和园的两倍。青帝每年有半年时间在此会见王公贵族及外国使节、处理奏章、消夏避暑,所以这里是清朝的第二个政治中心。
承德避暑山庄位于中华人民共和国河北省承德市。曾是中国清朝皇帝的夏宫。距离北京230公里。是由皇帝宫室、皇家园林和宏伟壮观的寺庙群所组成。
避暑山庄是世界文化遗产。最早康熙皇帝时称作“热河行宫”!这里面,至今还有康熙、乾隆和慈禧等皇室的陈列。
避暑山庄的建筑布局大体可分为宫殿区和苑景区两大部分。苑景区又可分成湖区、平原区和山区三部分。山区要乘车游览;湖区可乘船观赏;平原区有草原和树林。
山庄最大的特色是园中有山,山中有园,山水相间,景色可以用“山雄水秀”来形容,兼具南北园林之胜。山庄分为宫殿区和苑景区两大部分,其中苑景区又分为湖区、平原区、山区三部分。山庄内楼台殿阁,寺观庵庙等古建筑达120多组,人文胜迹与湖光水色达到完美结合的境界。
宫殿区主要由正宫、松鹤斋、万壑松风殿和东宫四组建筑组成,是皇帝处理朝政、举行庆典和生活起居的地方。
大家看,这就是湖区了,瞧这碧绿的湖面上一片片玉盘似的荷叶托起了一朵一朵的荷花,那白如雪,粉似霞的荷花像不像亭亭玉立的少女?
我们现在就来到了避暑山庄的平原区,这里绿草茵茵,一派草原景色,看着古木参天,具有大兴安岭莽莽森林的景象。
各位看,这就是山峦区了,这里山峦起伏,沟壑纵横,众多楼堂亭阁、寺庙点缀其间。各位如果走累了,也可以坐车上山,一个小时以后我们山下集合,剩下的时间大家自由活动吧。
篇14:介绍河北老龙头的导游词范文
乘坐火车离开了京城,我们来到了我们旅途的下一站——秦皇岛。到达的时候已经是中午了,我们匆匆吃了饭,就来到了秦皇岛的首站——老龙头。
老龙头就是长城的源头,长城从这里开始,大海在这里结束,是一个著名的旅游景点。当我们赶到老龙头的时候,天公真不给力,受到台风“梅花”的影响下起了小雨。我们撑起雨伞,在雨中游览老龙头。
首先我们看到的是龙武营,当年有八九百名士兵驻扎在这里。一进门就看到了两间房屋对门,左边的是碾坊,里面有两台巨大的石磨,要转动它们需要很大的力气。在没有磨面机的当年,要想磨出粮食来真不容易呢。对面是粥房,应该就是做饭的地方。里面有一口超级大的锅,很深,我都能站进去,估计能够好几百人吃。
我们又参观了当年睡觉、练兵的地方,还看到了大量的火炮、攻城用具,我头一次看到了我国的古代军事防御力量是如此的强大,有了戚继光这样优秀的将领和这样强大的军事防御,敌人就只能啃墙角了。
漫步在老龙头景区内,我感受到浓重的古代文化。沿着风景如画的小径,观赏着两旁的花草树木,来到了海岸边。
海岸边是一排白色的沙滩,那边是一望无际的茫茫大海,海天连一线,徐徐的海风吹来让人感到凉爽,正好这时雨停了,我和表弟就来到岸边玩耍。
表弟头一次见到海,显得有点紧张。表弟是个标准的旱鸭子,见到水就怕,我说:“那你还是在岸边玩吧,反正这里也禁止游泳。”表弟一听就来了劲儿,说:“我一定要学会游泳。”于是我们一起站到了海里,海水有点凉,还有点咸,不过还是让人感到舒适和惬意。
在海里玩够了后,我们来到岸边的沙滩上,修建我们的沙滩工程。表弟修筑了许多高大的堡垒,我则做些城墙围起来,我们把自己的沙滩工程称作“蓝湾·贝壳城”,忙得不亦乐乎。过了一会儿,老爸来提醒我们:“我们该走啦。”我们恋恋不舍地离开了,表弟有些郁闷,我安慰他:“明天我们去北戴河,可以修建二期工程。”
此刻我才发现,老龙头就在我们的身边。长城的源头显得十分高大,有一截伸进了海里。我们也赶紧登上长城和老龙头亲密接触。来到了长城的源头,通过城垛我看到了美丽的大海,远处有远航的轮船,还有在海岸边玩耍的人们……老龙头,可真美。
篇15:介绍云南元阳梯田的导游词范文
各位游客:
你们好,欢迎你们来到红河旅游,我是你们的导游 .
山有多高、水有多高、田有多高,这如诗如画、巧夺天工的大地艺术,就是红河哈尼梯田。
水绕着田,田依着寨,人居与农耕和谐交融,这千层叠翠的美好家园,正是北回归线上的绿色生态明珠。
红河哈尼梯田已有1300多年的历史,据史料记载,在唐代,梯田开垦已达相当规模,明代大农学家徐光启,在其著作《农政全书》中将红河哈尼梯田列为中国农耕史上的七大田制之一。
红河哈尼梯田,是以哈尼族为主的各族人民,利用当地“一山分四季,十里不同天”独特的地理气候条件,创造的农耕文明。
红河哈尼梯田主要分布于红河哀牢山南段的元阳、绿春、红河、金平等县,规模近7万公倾,仅世界遗产申报地元阳县境内就有19万亩,集中连片的达700公顷,其中以多依树梯田、牛角寨梯田、麻栗寨梯田,勐品梯田最具代表性,气势宏伟,蔚为壮观。
在依山而建的哈尼村寨的上方,茂密的森林是哈尼人民的水源地,村寨的下方是梯田,为人的生存奉献粮食,中间是人们生活的村寨居所。在这三者之间,经过精心保护的森林中渗出水流,通过自成一体的灌溉网络通向村庄,再流入梯田,田灌满以后再以田为渠流向河谷。梯田中的水和河谷中的水蒸发而上,在山腰受来自南面海洋性季风和海拔高低悬殊的气候影响而形成云海水分被森林充分吸纳,化为云雾阴雨贮于高山丛林,在林中汇成无数的水潭和溪流、被哈尼人民在半山腰截流而成特殊的灌溉水系。如此循环反复,生生不息。在申报地元阳县境内的哈尼梯田,没有一座水库,却拥有充分的水源,这科学的水系和良性生态令人惊叹。
人的命根子是田,田的命根子是水,水的命根子是森林和树木,为此,哈尼人民崇拜自然、崇拜树木,以树为神,将森林分为水源林和寨神林,这两种树林任何时候禁止砍伐,否则,乡规民约将给予制裁。这种特殊的乡规民约对保护梯田、保护森林、保护生态环境起到了重要作用。
智慧的哈尼祖先在半山腰水源充足、温暖向阳的山坡上选择建寨的最佳位置,形成村落,以梯田田埂和水渠水沟为交通要道连接村寨与村寨。森林、村寨、梯田、江河形成自然和谐的景色。以高山森林为源泉把水引入村中的供人畜饮用,同时,利用水流经过村寨,在房前屋后建起了水碾、水磨和水碓,充分利用水能的作用,节省劳力,为家庭生活服务。哈尼先民还发明了“自然冲肥”法,通过水沟将自家门口的肥料化在水中,冲到田里,既减少劳动强度,又合理利用水资料。
这块有着1300多年的分水石刻就是哈尼祖先创造的水的法律,看似简单的分水刻度,将水按浇灌的需要,合理的进行分配,这种哈尼梯田独特而又科学的用水方法,保证了每块梯田公平而合理的得到充分的肥料和水量。有了“木刻分水法”的存在,哈尼人民从不为水而闹纠纷。
梯田是哈尼人赖以生存的物质基础。哈尼族的农耕技术、宗教习俗、乡规民约、民居建筑、节日庆典、服饰歌舞、文学,无不以梯田为核心,处处渗透出梯田文化的精神,更包含在哈尼族每年以农耕为中心的三大节日之中。
春天来临的时候,哈尼人民庆祝隆重的祭寨神“昂玛突”节日,举行农耕仪式,以村寨为单位祭拜天地、自然神,在街心摆起长街宴,吃团结饭,喝同心酒,祈求天地赐福百姓,一年一度的农耕活动由此拉开序幕。
夏季6月的“石乞扎扎节”,插完秧苗的哈尼人民,敲锣击鼓,撵磨秋,荡秋千,祭祀天地,请神与人同乐,预祝哈尼梯田无灾无祸,粮食丰收。
金秋时节的“车朗嘎通十月节”,哈尼人民庆祝梯田丰收,感激天地,祈祷来年子嗣安康,人畜兴旺。
千百年来哈尼人民崇拜自然,认识自然,顺应自然,改造自然,变自然生态为农业生态,将森林、村庄、梯田、水系四个要素和谐统一,科学而又实际,既解决了吃饭生存问题,又使环境得到了保护。1300多年来,这个生态系统养育了这方水土的哈尼族、彝族、苗族、瑶族、傣族、壮族、汉族等世居民族,各民族互帮互助,成为红河哈尼梯田一道美丽的人文风景线。
江河——森林——村寨——梯田以及哈尼族以梯田农耕活动为核心的人居环境的选择、独特的农耕技术、以及相关的保护生态的民俗活动,它所蕴涵的人与自然高度和谐发展、人与人和睦相亲的古老文化特征正是21世纪人类回归自然所追求的一种精神,具有无可替代的保护和科学研究价值。红河哈尼梯田所创造的大地景观艺术,是自然景观和民族文化的完美结合,具有令世人震憾的美学意义。
红河哈尼梯田,是申报地民族发展的历史见证,是活的文化生态系统,是人类智慧的结晶。它不仅是属于中国的,而且是属于世界的,应该得到世界的珍惜和保护。哈尼梯田期待着全人类的关注和热爱。
红河哈尼梯田,通向人与自然和谐发展的天梯。
篇16:苏州木渎导游词解说
苏州木渎古镇,位于苏州城西,太湖之滨,是江南著名古镇。境内风光秀丽,物产丰饶,又恰在天平、灵岩、狮山、七子等吴中名山环抱之中,故有“聚宝盆”之称。木渎是与苏州城同龄的水乡古镇。相传春秋末年,吴越纷争,越国战败,越王勾践施用“美人计”,献美女西施于吴王。吴王夫差专宠西施,特地为她在秀逸的灵岩山顶建造馆娃宫,又在紫石山增筑姑苏台,“三年聚材,五年乃成”,源源而来的木材堵塞了山下的河流港渎,“木塞于渎”,木渎之名便由此而来。
位于中市街18号,创业于乾隆55年(1790年)。经百年苦心经营,逐渐形成以十大名菜为主的独特菜肴体系,世有石菜之誉,为苏帮菜系的代表之一。其中,鲃肺汤更是名满江南。李根源、于右任、李宗仁、张大千、费孝通、盖叫天、金声伯等名人都曾慕名来此品尝。
可去百年老店石家饭店品尝鲃肺汤、太湖河虾。另外,木渎镇乾生元产的松子枣泥麻饼非常有名,各式蜜饯也非常入味,价格又很便宜。还有现做现卖的粽子糖,小小的身材,碧绿清透,让人爱不释手。姑苏十二娘风情街上有家号称“天下第一”的臭豆腐店。
篇17:介绍丽江古城的导游词
暑假,我和妈妈去云南旅游八天。我们从小桥流水的江南出发,来到了地高天远的高原,感觉眼前的一切都是那么神奇,新鲜!尤其是丽江古城,更令我魂牵梦绕。
那天,从玉龙雪山下来,天色已晚,我们在丽江市的一个农家小园享用晚餐。餐毕,我们在导游的带领下,来到了古城。据导游介绍,丽江古城原名叫大研镇,古时候是高原上的重要集镇,在历史上既是茶马古道的重镇,又是通往印度的必经之路。由于商贾云集,贸易繁荣,丽江古城被人们誉为“东方威尼斯”“高原姑苏”。
走进丽江古城,脚踩着古老的石板路,路边“哗哗”的溪流声为我们伴奏,我们走到哪儿,溪流便跟到哪儿。那溪流变幻多端,有时像瀑布飞流直下,有时像小河静静流淌,有时像清泉汩汩而出。水是生命之源,鲜活的水流贯穿全城,仿佛是古城的血脉,给古城注入活力,使丽江古城更显灵动,更显年轻,仿佛一支不朽的高原神曲!
古城街道两旁,店铺林立,那灰瓦红柱,凌空飞翔的屋檐,精雕细琢的木窗,仿佛在向我们诉说着这个城市的悠久历史。我们在不同的店铺里驻足,逗留,展现在我们眼前的是玉的世界,银子的世界,看得我们眼花缭乱。
我最喜欢银器了,只要一看到银子散发出光芒,我就热血沸腾。在我眼中,银色是最高贵、最迷人的颜色。我轻轻摸过任何一件能摸的银器,感觉是那么惬意,我默默地想:如果我每天能看到这迷人的银器,与它们作伴该是一件多么美妙的事情啊!
在一家玉器店里,老板娘拿出了一块她珍藏多年的玉的原石。粗看没什么特别的,与普通的山石并无二致,可在老板娘的指点下仔细一看,果然发现原石中隐隐约约发出的绿色光芒。据说有赌石经验的人,就是根据这一丁点的蛛丝马迹,来判断这块石头是不是玉石。由此看来这世间任何有价值的东西,即使掩饰得再好,也总有光芒显露出来。我忽然想到我的一个老师曾说:“看准一个人就要善于捕捉他身上表现出的细节,譬如一个细小的动作,一个稍纵即逝的眼神。”果然是万物同理!
从丽江古城出来,我的眼睛,我的心,我的思想,都仿佛在向我诉说着它们的满足。丽江,果然无愧于那些美誉!
篇18:怎样介绍九寨沟导游词
大家知道吗,九寨沟在四川南坪、平武、松潘三县交界的山丛中。随着我们的脚步,现在已经走到了犀牛海,这里的湖水清澈见底,微风吹来使人神清气爽。站在石头铺成的小路上远眺,海面宽阔无比,静的像一颗巨大的钻石,蓝的像万里无云的蓝天。这犀牛海还有一个传说,古时候,有一位身患重病、奄奄一息的藏族老喇嘛,骑着犀牛来到这里。当他饮用了这里的湖水后,病症竟然奇迹似的康复了。于是老喇嘛日夜饮这里的湖水,舍不得离开,最后便骑着犀牛进入海中,永久定居于此,这个海子便称为犀牛海。如果你有缘,你就可以看到海底隐隐约约的犀牛。
现在大家来到的是五花海。五花海海拔2472米,水深5米。这里阳光一照,海子更是迷离恍惚、绚丽多姿,一片光怪陆离,使人进入了童话境地。透过清澈的水面,可见湖底有泉水上涌,令人眼花缭乱。山风徐来,各种色彩相互渗透、镶嵌、错杂、浸染,五花海便充满了生命,活跃、跳动起来……
今天玩的开心吗,如果有谁要到天书峡的话,我可以奉陪到底哟。
篇19:介绍浙江的导游词范文
柯岩风景区位于柯山脚下,包含柯岩、鉴湖、鲁镇三部分。柯岩是整个风景区的核心,三国时期,这里曾是一处采石场,拥有姿态各异的石宕、石洞、石潭、石壁等奇景。这里离市区不远,来了解绍兴文化、休闲度假都很合适。
景区有两个大门,一个是柯岩,一个是鲁镇,两个门都可以进入景区,且相距不远。上午游览景区建议选择柯岩-鉴湖-鲁镇线路,下午2点后买票建议选择鲁镇-鉴湖-柯岩线路游览。景区内有往返三个景区的免费画舫,当然也可以选择步行,但距离较远。
如今的柯岩景区包括石佛、镜水湾、越中名士苑、圆善园四大景点,其中最特别的是“天工大佛”和“奇云石骨”。“天工大佛”开凿于隋代,历经石工三代凿成,颇有气势;而“奇云石骨”上宽下窄,犹如一座颠倒过来的宝塔,高30余米,底围仅4米,看似头重脚轻,却已在风雨中屹立了一千多年,令人惊叹。
鉴湖是绍兴的“母亲湖”,建有东汉笛亭、南洋秋泛、五桥步月、葫芦醉岛等四处景点。在这里可以坐乌篷船泛舟在鉴湖之上(需另付费),还可以在葫芦醉岛品黄酒、看曲酒流觞,感受绍兴的黄酒文化。
鲁镇本是鲁迅笔下虚构的小镇,鲁镇景区则是为了还原鲁迅笔下的“鲁镇”而建的一个乡村小镇主题公园。鲁镇依傍着鉴湖,有商铺客栈、文化展馆、台门戏台等等,鲁镇街上,有演员扮演的鲁迅小说里阿Q、祥林嫂等人物,很逼真,可以和他们合影。沿街有小店卖些绍兴小吃,还可以去“押宝室”玩两把押宝游戏,感受旧时绍兴水乡的风情。
景区内有柯岩酒家、品酒馆、一石居酒家等餐馆可以用餐,价格略贵,建议自带些食物。游玩过后,返回绍兴市住宿。
篇20:介绍吉林概况的导游词
长影世纪城在长春市净月潭风景区西侧,是我国首家电影制片工业与旅游业相结合的电影主题公园,堪称东方好莱坞,是借鉴美国好莱坞环球影城和迪斯尼游乐园的精华建造而成。
长影世纪城影视文化主题鲜明突出,它具有丰富的电影文化和民族文化内涵,以影视节目为载体,揭开电影制作的神秘面纱,让观众充分享受电影艺术和优秀的中华民族文化带给人们的高品位的精神愉悦。长影世纪城不仅是影视旅游的胜地,也将成为长影厂的新址,成为北国长春的一张钻石名片。
长影世纪城内的主要景观有:4D特效电影、立体水幕电影、激光悬浮电影、动感球幕电影、三维巨幕电影、鹰神山、宇宙森林、密林古堡、阴阳庐、世纪明珠、魔方星城、悬浮宫、飞龙宫、水晶山、英雄秀场、奇妙宫、银河宫、淘气堡、神秘古树、祝福泉、欢乐岛等。
特效电影是长影世纪城最具特色的旅游娱乐产品。在长影世纪城园区内,设有3D巨幕,4D特效,激光悬浮、动感球幕、立体水幕等五个特效影院。将当今世界最先进的特效电影汇集于一个园区内,好莱坞、迪斯尼都没有做到。因此,长影世纪城又被人们誉为“ 世界特效电影之都 ” 。
位于“水晶山”内的巨幕影院,设有宽25米、高18米,相当于6层楼高的巨大银幕,堪称亚洲之最。6.1声道的立体音响与立体特效影像,让观众感受到无法想象出的震撼。
4D特效影院放映的影片《非常实验室》,是由长影创意、美国著名制作公司为长影制作的世界唯一的一部影片,长影拥有独立版权。影片在展示三维立体影像的同时,还辅助以嗅觉、听觉、触觉的特效感受。
目前世界第一家室内集激光、悬浮、音乐、动画于一体的激光悬浮影院就设在长影世纪城的悬浮宫里。影片《精灵客栈》也是由美国著名公司设计创意的。
将世界上最先进的动感技术与球幕电影技术结合而成的动感球幕电影,目前只能在美国拉斯维加斯的凯萨宫、好莱坞的环球影城和长影世纪城能够欣赏到。在6个自由度运动的座椅上和25米直径的球型银幕前,人们能感受到逼真的太空旅行的各种身体状态。高度惊险,超强刺激,是所有看过动感球幕电影的观众的共同感受。
长影世纪城的立体水幕电影院,是利用特殊装置,将水变成三重“ 银幕”,利用水的透射性和流动性,通过高科技幻影成像系统及同步操作的声、光、电系统,形成斑斓夺目的奇异立体影像,带给人以新奇的视觉冲击。
与传统电影相关的娱乐项目主要有“ 电影特技馆 ”和“ 英雄秀场 ”。
“ 银河宫 ”、“ 奇妙宫”,为游客揭示的是电影特技的奥秘,全方位展示电影特技效果的制作过程。游客还可以亲身参与电影特技的模拟,体验电影特技的魅力。
“ 英雄秀场”主要以飞车,爆炸,枪战等特技真人表演,再现电影中特技惊险场面。与在银河宫、奇妙宫所体验到的电影特技制作过程中的智慧、精巧不同,在这里,人们看到的更多是刺激、激烈的场面,感受到更多的是电影拍摄的艰辛。
运用电影手段制造视觉刺激效果的 “ 密林古堡 ” 、 “ 鹰神山 ” 、和 “ 阴阳庐 ” ,从东西方文化的不同角度带给游客以不同的感受。
建议游玩路线:动感球幕影院(魔方星城)-航天影院(宇宙森林)-立体水幕影院(飞龙宫)-激光悬浮影院(悬浮宫)-4D影院(世纪明珠)-电影探秘馆(奇妙宫)-英雄秀场-密林古堡-阴阳庐(八卦阵)-鹰神山(火山爆发)-中心广场看表演。