喝红酒的好处和坏处介绍(通用20篇)

“西边的太阳快要落山了，微山湖上静悄悄，弹起我心爱的土琵琶，唱起那动人的歌谣……”

因电影《铁道游击队》而闻名全国的微山湖位于山东省济宁市微山县，承纳了鲁、苏、皖、豫四省八个地区的来水，由微山、昭阳、独山、南阳四个彼此相连的湖泊组成，形成了我国北方最大的淡水湖。京杭大运河纵贯全湖，至今仍能通航。

微山岛是湖中第一大岛，岛上文化古迹众多，境内有殷周微子墓、汉初张良墓、春秋目夷墓、伏义陵(庙)、仲子路庙、六合泉、圣母泉以及大量的庙宇亭台、古碑刻石、汉画像石等古迹，还有铁道游击队纪念碑供人缅怀。

每年7～8月，十万亩荷花开遍湖中，蔚为壮观。7～8月份还是捕鱼季节，此时来微山湖既可欣赏荷花、还能品尝时鲜。一年一度的荷花会每年8月在荷花景观最集中的小微山湖举行。还有铁道游击队纪念碑供人缅怀。

穿过平桥，您眼前的这座巍峨城门，就是上善门。它是《清明上河图》中浓墨重彩描绘的标志性建筑。现在复原的城门高21.6米，面积1553平方米，门洞就高达8米。城楼上，金碧辉煌的彩绘更显示出它的辉煌与壮观，人们称赞它“勾梁画栋，气宇不凡”。在等级森严的封建社会，连建筑也要分三六九等。从上善门的宏伟气势，就可以看出它的重要地位。公元960年，宋太祖赵匡胤发动陈桥兵变，黄袍加身，建立了北宋王朝之后开始了京城的防务建设。第一步就修建了方圆50里、165步长的城墙，城墙上像上善门这样的城门就有17座之多。在《清明上河图》中，上善门起了分界的作用，恰好把城内的繁华建筑与城外沿河街市一隔为二。

过了城门，我们才算是真正进了城。城门上那些钉也大有讲究，横7竖9，一共63颗，说明这里还不算是最高级的。如果是皇宫大院，那横竖都得是9颗了，一共81颗。因为九是个位数的最大值，古代人把九九八十一看作是阳数之首，所以含有“至尊”的意思，也象征了封建王权的至高无上。更有意思的是，在《清明上河图》的原作中，上善门的前面两个字被作者隐藏了起来，只是点了两个点。不过据史料考证，《清明上河图》所描绘的是东京开封东南部的景象。当时，开封东南有一个下水门;也称东水门，它的北边是通津门，南边就是上善门。东水门的水是从中间穿过城门洞流进城内去的，而《清明上河图》中的河水却是从城门的正前方流过的，由此推断，这座城门应该是上善门。这一论断是否合理，还值得深思。游客朋友如果有兴趣，也可以加入到讨论的队伍中来，我们欢迎您提出宝贵意见。16清明上河园全景

爬上城楼，到全园的最高点去看一看。在那里，您能俯看到景区的全貌。从城楼向西看，

丰富多彩尤其打破了唐代“坊”与“市”的界线，也就是居住区与商业区相分离的制度，坊市合一，相互渗透。人们在居住区就可以进行贸易，不需要再像《木兰辞》中所写的“东市买骏马，西市买鞍鞯，南市买辔头，北市买长鞭”那样东奔西跑了。在这种大环境下，勾栏瓦肆就应运而生了。据史书记载，当时流行的评书、相声、杂技、口技、相扑、傀儡戏、皮影戏、般杂剧、弄虫蚁等民间艺术就在这里表演，所以通俗地说，它就是普通市民的娱乐场所，也可以称得上是现代歌舞剧院的前身。

河南清明上河园导游词3

咱们直走就来到了鸿福寺。北宋时佛教盛行，仅东京开封就有佛寺913座。当时的佛寺分成两种，一种是由皇帝赐匾额的合法佛寺，另一种是没有匾额的非法寺庙。在《清明上河图》中，这里只画了一间山门，一个和尚披着佛衣站在门口，并没有标明寺院的名称。我们建园时，考虑到北宋东京开封香火最盛的是东鸿福寺和西鸿福寺，于是就把西鸿福寺建造在这里。鸿福寺在当时不仅是烧香拜佛的佛寺，也是春天踏青的休闲胜地。元代孟元老《东京梦华录》中第六卷就提到，当时的人们在元宵过后，春天来临之时一定会到鸿福寺等地踏春游玩。

您进寺后，在您右边的东殿是武圣殿，里面供奉着武圣关公;在左侧的西殿是百子堂，供奉着送子观音，正面大殿为观音殿，殿内供奉的佛像是特别请开封大相国寺的高僧开光的，以保佑天下众生。

穿过平桥，您眼前的这座巍峨城门，就是上善门。它是《清明上河图》中浓墨重彩描绘的标志性建筑。现在复原的城门高21.6米，面积1553平方米，门洞就高达8米。城楼上，金碧辉煌的彩绘更显示出它的辉煌与壮观，人们称赞它“勾梁画栋，气宇不凡”。在等级森严的封建社会，连建筑也要分三六九等。从上善门的宏伟气势，就可以看出它的重要地位。公元960年，宋太祖赵匡胤发动陈桥兵变，黄袍加身，建立了北宋王朝之后开始了京城的防务建设。第一步就修建了方圆50里、165步长的城墙，城墙上像上善门这样的城门就有17座之多。在《清明上河图》中，上善门起了分界的作用，恰好把城内的繁华建筑与城外沿河街市一隔为二。

过了城门，我们才算是真正进了城。城门上那些钉也大有讲究，横7竖9，一共63颗，说明这里还不算是最高级的。如果是皇宫大院，那横竖都得是9颗了，一共81颗。因为九是个位数的最大值，古代人把九九八十一看作是阳数之首，所以含有“至尊”的意思，也象征了封建王权的至高无上。更有意思的是，在《清明上河图》的原作中，上善门的前面两个字被作者隐藏了起来，只是点了两个点。不过据史料考证，《清明上河图》所描绘的是东京开封东南部的景象。当时，开封东南有一个下水门;也称东水门，它的北边是通津门，南边就是上善门。东水门的水是从中间穿过城门洞流进城内去的，而《清明上河图》中的河水却是从城门的正前方流过的，由此推断，这座城门应该是上善门。这一论断是否合理，还值得深思。游客朋友如果有兴趣，也可以加入到讨论的队伍中来，我们欢迎您提出宝贵意见。全景爬上城楼，到全园的最高点去看一看。在那里，您能俯看到景区的全貌。从城楼向西看，就是我们下面将带您游览的城内景点。

滇池古称滇南泽，又名昆明湖。关于滇池名称的由来有四种说法。据晋常璩《华阳国志·南中志》说：滇池因“下流浅狭，如倒流，故曰滇池。”这是从地理形态上讲。另一种说法是寻音考义，认为“滇者，颠也。”也有的认为是彝语的“甸”，即大坝子之意。第三种说法，是从民族称谓来考证，《史记·西南夷列传》载：“滇”，在古代是这一地区最大的部落名称(氐羌“叟族”、“僰族”或“填戎”)，楚将庄蹻入滇后，变服随俗称滇王，故先有滇池部落，才有滇池名。第四种说法认为：“滇”是壮语的“亭”或“祠”，指祠堂的所在地。

《滇池地区历史地理》载：古老羌族的的文化传统是“屈肢葬”及火葬。滇池地区先秦、两汉数百座墓葬的发掘，“屈肢葬”仅有一具，其余均“仰身葬”，火葬的遗迹没有发现和报道。这证明先秦、两汉时期滇池地区的居民与氐、羌关系不大。而世所公认的彝族先民——“昆明人”，最早来到滇池地区是在东汉以后。西汉的《史记》说：“楚威王时，将军庄蹻……至滇池”，“滇池”地名就已载入史册。北魏郦道元的《水经注》说：“池，……上源深广，下流浅狭，但如倒流，故曰滇池。”所以，“水系颠倒说”，比较可信。

沈园距今有800多年的历史了?为什么沈园历经820xx年而不衰呢?下面请各位游客带着这个问题，跟我一起参观这个越中的仿宋园林，整个景区由三大部分组成：沈园古迹区、东苑、南苑。

下面首先请大家随我参观古迹区。现在大家所看到的这个园子，叫“诗境园”，是为了纪念诗人陆游所建，其中在这个园子里有一块形状奇怪的石头，取名为“诗境石”。上面的“诗境”两字便取自陆游的手迹。这块石头是一块太湖石，它具有五个特点：瘦、透、漏、皱、丑。“瘦”，是因为它看上去上大下小，给人一种高高瘦瘦的感觉;“透”，是因为大家如果有兴趣可以点一只烟，对准其中的一个孔，那么烟雾就会从各个孔中冒出来;“漏”也是这个原因，一到下雨天雨水就会从上面的孔渗以下面的孔，而且各小孔都是不相连的。"皱”，是因为这块石头摸上去就好像是人额上的皱纹，人信大家可以上前去摸一下。这第五个特点“丑”，也是这五个特点中最重要的，人是以美自称的，而石头却是以丑为美的，越丑就越加显示出它的欣赏价值。下面请随我往这边走。

现在我们所站的是一个仿宋建筑，形状古朴，取名“问梅槛”，这三个字是由绍兴书法协会会长沈定庵老先生所写的。“问”是询问探求的意思;“梅”是指陆游生平最喜爱的梅花，而我们沈园内种植最多的植物也是梅花，冬天的沈园梅香满园，尤其是到了下雪天更是沈园最美丽的时候。据说，陆游是中国历史上留下诗文最多的作家之一，至今保存下来的只有9300多首。其中描写梅花的就有200多首，可见陆游对梅花的情有独钟了。“槛”是像这种建筑在水上的一种建筑名称。所以“问梅槛”三个字便由此而来。下面我们往这边走。

我们绍兴有“石乡”的美称，那么我们现在所走的这痤古朴的小石桥叫做“伤心桥”。为什么取这名字呢?因为陆游曾在老年重游沈园时，触景生情，在沈园>中有这样一句话“伤心桥下春波绿，曾是惊鸿照影来”。

走过伤心桥我们现在来到的是六朝井亭，那么亭中的这口井是在1985年考古发掘时所发现的，井身是用绳纹平砖错缝砌成的，从井内出土的汉至六朝的陶瓷器残片可以确定它属于六朝的遗物。这六朝分别为：三国的吴、东晋、南朝的宋、齐、梁、陈，所以这个亭称为“六朝井亭”。但是由于取土困难，为防止井身坍塌，整个发掘深度仅只有1米。缌的游客可能会发现这个亭子的顶有一个六角形的缺口，这个缺口一共有三个作用，有哪三个作用，大家不防猜一下：这第一个作用就是方便取水，因为在古代的时候，人产提水都用竹竿，大家都知道竹竿比较的长，所以开了一个孔后竹不可以从上面伸出去而方便取水;第二个作用是利用太阳光的紫外线可以杀菌而防止水的腐朽;第三是赏朋和集水，在每朋的农历十五晚上，到沈园散散步，看看月亮，会让你的心情更加舒畅。

沈园的建筑布局是以“孤鹤轩”为中心，这三个字是由著名画家谢稚柳和金右学家康殷所分别题写的。那么为什么取名为孤鹤轩呢?大家都知道陆游是南宋时期伟大的爱国诗人，字务观，号放翁。越州山阴(浙江绍兴)人，出身于“书香门弟”，出生后不久，北宋便灭亡了，由于金兵南侵，使他从小经历了一段逃难生涯。陆12游岁的时候就能诗文，国家垂危的现实，使他20岁就立下了“上马击狂胡，下马草军书”的壮志。22岁那年，到临安参加乡士考试，因为当时名列奸臣秦桧的孙子之前，又因为他不忘记国耻，主张北征，收复失地，受到了秦桧的忌恨，竟在复试时把陆游的名字给除掉了，直到秦桧死后，他才被录用。但因为他力主抗战，多次受到投降派的排挤打击，命运坎坷不平，几次罢职回快乡。由于在朝庭里没有志同道合的朋友，被一些人排次，在晚年过着闭支野般的生活，并在82岁时写有>诗一首，在诗中，诗人以”孤鹤“自喻，所以，我们就把这处建筑取名为”孤鹤轩“，以纪念这位伟大的爱国诗人。在轩中还有一幅对联”宫墙柳一片柔情付与东风飞白絮，六曲栏几多倚思频抛细雨送黄昏“。由萧挺撰文，钱君匋手书。其中的宫墙柳和细送黄昏分别取自陆游和唐婉的>的一句词。下面的这块石头也是一块太湖石，1985年考古发掘得，经考证是明朝的遗物。

现在我们来到的便是千古绝唱的>碑，在欣赏这两首词前，先听我讲一下陆游和唐婉那凄美的爱情故事吧。据史书记载，陆游在20岁左右的时候 表妹唐婉为妻，陆游英俊豪爽，才华过人，唐婉才貌双全，通晓诗词，和陆游可谓是情趣相投。但两年后陆母竟逼迫陆游休妻。为什么她要这么做呢?主要原因有两个：第一，在当时的社会中，他们结婚两年了，却一直没有生育子女，而古代人们非常看重这一点， 为认女子不孝有三，无后为大，由于唐婉与陆游的情趣相投，两人整天在闺房内饮酒作诗，在陆母眼里就是不误正业，所以作为媳妇的唐婉一直没有得到婆婆的欢心。在封建社会中，母命难违，陆唐两人只得忍泪吞声，依依分别，各自娶嫁。在绍兴二十五年的春天，沈园按例对外开放，当时的小说笔记>记载，宋朝惯例，每年的农历三用初一至四月初七，私家花园都要对外开放，包括皇帝的御花园。每到此时，也是游人最多的时候，因此作为越中名园的沈园，每年到此时当然会吸引很多游客来此游玩。陆游与唐婉在这里不期而遇了,唐婉对陆游非常殷勤，派家人给陆游送去了酒菜。陆游回忆起往事，感慨成千，即兴在沈园的园壁上题写了>词：“红酥手，黄滕酒，满城春色宫墙柳。东风恶，欢情薄，一怀愁绪，几年离索，错、错、错。春如旧，人空瘦，泪痕红邑鲛绡透。桃花落，闲池阁，山盟虽在，绵书难托，莫、莫、莫。”当时，陆游已经另娶了四川王氏为妻，而唐婉也改嫁了绍兴名士赵士程。所以，当年的山盟海誓好像还在耳边回响，但两人之间已经不能够再通书信了，此时的陆游不管有多少悔恨多少遗憾，却只能无奈地说一声“莫、莫、莫”了。相传，唐婉看了这首词之后十分伤感，回到家里也和了一首>“世情薄，人情，雨送黄昏花易落。晓风干，泪痕残，欲笺心事，独语斜栏，难、难、难。人成各，今非昨，病魂常追认秋千索。角声寒，夜阑珊，怕人嫱，咽泪妆欢，瞒、瞒、瞒。”从沈园回家后，唐婉一夜没睡，独自依阑垂泪。但是，这种刻古铭心的思念却是无法向人诉说的。所以，她只能“咽泪妆欢”，这种过分压抑使她不久便而死，大约是30岁左右。这是封建礼教所造成的爱情悲剧，唐婉的死给陆游造成了很大的创作，使他终身难以释情。在他晚年每当重游沈园，都会作诗来表达他对前妻唐婉的思念。正因为如此，800多年来，人们总是将沈园与陆游联系在一起，使它成为人们追思这份至死不渝的真挚爱情的千古名园。可是经过了那么多年，宋代沉默的地表建筑已经都不存在了，陆游当年题写的墙也已经无法找到。现在这堵>碑是我们用陆游的手迹，重新组合而成的。

大家好!

我叫,是20xx级新生。我的爱好是游泳、绘画、书法。

很高兴能站在这个讲台上参加学生会竞选。此时我的心里也很紧张。

首先我想说我很适合加入学生会，因为有人说，从事一件事的原动力是热情，唯有热情是从内心迸发出来的力量，可以驱动你去触摸自己的理想。而我就有这样的一份热情，对的喜欢，所以我认为我很适合成为学生会这个大家庭的一员。

当然，仅仅有热情是远远不够的。还要有在学习和工作上的能力。我不敢说我有什么样的能力，但在以后的学习和工作中我一定会让大家知道，我能行。

在生活中我是一个活泼开朗的人。而我之所以要加入学生会，是因为我认为学生会是一个可以更好的锻炼我的人际交往能力和工作能力的地方。

这次我能站在这个讲台上参加竞选，我已经得到一次锻炼的机会了。所以无论结果怎样我都会扬起嘴角，说声谢谢!

最后，希望大家能认同我，支持我!

尊敬的各位游客：

大家好!

欢迎大家来到位于塞外古都、煤海之乡的大同观光旅游。我是大家的导游员杨丽，今天我们将参观举世闻名的佛教艺术宝库云冈石窟。它与甘肃敦煌的莫高窟，河南洛阳的龙门石窟并称为中国三大石窟。

云冈石窟开凿于距今1500多年的北魏王朝，现存主要洞窟45个，佛教造像51000多尊，根据武周山势的自然起伏，云冈石窟又自然的分成东区、中区和西区三部分。其中第1~4窟为东区，5~13窟为中区，14~45窟为西区。下面我们就先从中区的第5区开始参观吧。第5、6窟是一组双窟，是云冈石窟中最精彩壮观、最具代表性的石窟。第5窟为椭圆形的穹窿顶马蹄形，分前、后两室，进入高大的后室，首先引入眼帘的是这尊两腿双盘、双手叠放腿上的大佛。这种吉祥式坐姿的全结跏趺坐禅定印象，表示着释迦摩尼佛已进入标准的静思维修行状态，是佛的坐、立、行、卧四威仪，即四个庄严地身姿之一。大佛高17米，是云冈石窟第一大佛。专家们认为这尊大佛是北魏孝文帝为他的父亲献文帝凿造的佛陀象征。那么上述历史在此窟是否有所体现呢?请各位细看，大佛头顶为蓝色螺髻，面庞方圆，细眼长眉，鼻梁高直，唇含笑意，两耳垂肩，在端庄、慈祥的神情中透露出神圣、超凡和自信的风貌。尤其是这尊佛像身穿双领下垂，内衣束结，宽大柔软而下垂的袈裟，衣纹流畅，给人一种丝的质感。大佛的右侧是未来世弥勒佛，左侧为过去式燃灯佛。大佛的后面有一个很宽敞的甬道，那是供佛教信徒们礼佛绕行的诵经道。

第6窟是云冈石窟中以精巧著称的一窟，称第一伟窟。窟平面呈回字形，窟正中凿一方形塔柱。在巨大的中心塔柱和整个洞窟的四壁上，雕满了佛像、菩萨、罗汉、飞天、供养人、瑞鸟、神兽、花卉，形成了一种热闹拥挤，美妙神奇的佛国氛围，主题以歌颂佛母和表现释迦摩尼一生的成佛弘教经历为主，因而也叫佛母洞。请大家随我的手势来观赏面前这幅关于右腋诞生的画面：古印度有一个小国叫迦毗罗卫国，国王叫净饭王，王后叫摩耶，他们到了40岁的时候还没有孩子，非常焦急。有一天，摩耶夫人梦见一位菩萨乘白象而来，后来怀了身孕。按当地习俗，妇女应回娘家分娩。摩耶夫人在快临产时，在妹妹和仆人的陪侍下回家。半路上，他们到蓝毗尼花园休息，刚到一颗菩提树下，夫人预感快要生产了。于是，一手抓住树枝，一手在妹妹的搀扶下，从右腋生出了孩子，这就是乔达摩悉达多，成佛后被尊为释迦族圣人的释迦摩尼。

下面我们要参观的是被誉为云冈石窟外交官和代表作的第20窟---露天大佛。这尊高达13.7米的结跏趺坐佛像，面容丰满端庄，双肩宽厚平直，身披右袒袈裟，呈大日如来吉祥坐禅定印象，是释迦摩尼对宇宙、社会和人生的一种沉静思考状态。这尊大佛便是北魏文成帝拓拔睿的象征。他恢复佛法，开凿云冈石窟，大佛的嘴角微笑神态，表现出佛教徒对他的敬意。距离产生美，角度显神韵。在这尊露天大佛面前，以不同的距离和角度观赏，都会产生各种变化着的美及其神韵。

现在给大家20分钟时间在露天大佛前拍照留念，愿大佛炯炯有神的双眸，略带微笑的嘴角，给大家留下深刻的回忆，带来美好的福音。好，20分钟后我们在这里集合，谢谢大家合作!

列位旅客伴侣们各人好，我叫钱奕中。本日我带各人旅行八大事迹之一 ——秦戎马俑。到了哪里请你们不要在上面刻字。但愿各人能舒畅的渡过这一天，也能感觉到这秦戎马俑的魅力。

各人应该已经看到这秦戎马俑的局限弘大。秦戎马俑总共有三个俑坑，我各人猜一猜秦戎马俑的面积有几多?A。 一千平方米。B， 两千平方米。C。一万平方米。D。两万平方米。哈哈!猜不出来吧!汇报你们，谜底是d。三个俑坑共计戎马俑八千。最大的是一号俑坑，对象长230米，南北宽62米。总面积14260平米。

戎马俑不只局限弘大，并且范例浩瀚，本性光鲜。

你瞧，谁人头戴鶡冠，身披铠甲的人是谁呢?那就是仰面挺胸，身段魁梧的 将军俑。

军人俑身高一米八，体格结实，身穿战袍，披挂铠甲，手持武器，脚蹬向上翘起的战靴，整装待发。

骑兵俑上身着短甲，下身着紧口裤，右手持缰绳，左手持弓箭，经验交流，仿佛随时要上马冲杀。

陶马有声有色，仿佛一声令下，就会撒开四蹄，踏上征程。

由于戎马俑范例浩瀚，我就纷歧一给各人说了。

下面我给各人讲一个关于秦戎马俑的故事： 楚霸王项羽入关后，以30万人盗掘秦陵。有只金雁在发掘进程中飞了出来。到三国时期，那一只金雁还在。近代有些学者指出：鲁班已会造出木雁，以是秦国工匠虽然能造出金雁了!

秦戎马俑游览完了，请各人自由抚玩，留意要掩护情形，感谢各人!

欢迎大家来到这!我是你们的导游，我姓_，大家可以叫我小_。为了便于大家参观游玩，下面我首先大家介绍一下。

天星洞景区在天星桥景区中段。在五光十色、变幻无穷的奇峰异石之中，4根大石柱直抵洞顶，柱上石花丛生，如雕龙刻凤，色泽艳丽，洞中主要奇景有布满碳酸钙凝胶体、状若成堆成串葡萄的葡萄厅;有散立在流石滩坝上若"八仙过海"的石笋群;有色彩艳丽、形状奇特的滴石、云碟、云盘，宛若一席金杯玉盏、佳肴琼浆的"天国盛宴";此外，还有仿如"荷塘"、"万里长城"、"冰山雪原"、"苗寨梯田"以及"鸟虫鱼兽、花草树林、瓜果蔬菜"等造型，都异乎寻常的相似，仿佛世界珍奇、天国神物均聚于此，使天星洞更显得玲珑剔透，富丽堂皇。

天星洞

是典型的喀斯特地貌溶洞。洞内自然形成若干大厅和侧厅。在五光十色、变幻无穷的奇峰异石之中，4根大石柱直抵洞顶，柱上石花丛生，如雕龙刻凤，色泽艳丽。溶洞内主要景观以人工为主，造型奇特，显得玲珑剔透，富丽堂皇。

天星盆景区

位于三岔河的伏流表面和河道的两侧。这是一片水上石林景观，面积0.19平方公里，这里有大大小小的天然山石、水石盆景。弯弯曲曲的石板小道，穿行于石壁、石壕、石缝之中，逶迤于盆景边石之上。沿小道游览，抬头是景，低头是景，前后左右皆成景，仿佛到了天上的仙境，地下的迷宫。主要景观有步步景、一线水、空灵石、天星照影、长表峡、侧身岩、歪梳石、寻根岩、鸳鸯藤、盘龙图、美女榕、象鼻石、天星楼、雏鹰出山等。

在天星桥石林附近石头山的半山腰间，有一溶洞叫天星洞，这是黄果树风景区众多洞府里最美丽的溶洞。天星洞的钟乳石以色彩斑斓称著，洞里的石头，赤、橙、黄、绿、青、蓝、紫七色俱全，几乎成了太阳光谱的灵敏折光镜，把大自然的色彩集中到溶洞里了。洞时感觉 有一根25米高的天然石柱，名天星柱，直托洞里顶穹。石柱周围，有一组石头，每一石头都极像盛开的荷花，大小不一，若轻轻敲击，这莲花状的石头就会发出不同音色的乐声，美妙动人。

水上石林区

水上石林区瀑布水自伏流涌出后，流淌一公里左右，便到了水上石林区。河水从石林的上面分开，环流两侧，又在下面交汇，把一座石林围在水中，区内水流蜿蜒曲折，石林星罗棋布，露出水面。水上石林景区主要景观有银练坠潭瀑布、星峡飞瀑布、群榕聚会、根墙屏障、盘根壁画等。由于长年累月的波浪冲击和流水侵蚀，河床形成无数小坑穴，流水漫顶而下，仿若滚珠落玉，阳光这下，闪闪发光，似无数银练坠入潭中。较之云南石林，天星桥的水上石林以"水"见长，大自然在"水"字上做很好的文章。河水在石林中时隐时现，穿行于石峰、石壕、石壁、石缝之间、石林间长着大片的仙人掌和小灌木丛及各种花草，使冰冷的石头上终年绿荫，展现出生命的繁荣。

我们从分界洲岛的名字可以知道，这个岛属于分界线，那么，具体是什么的分界线呢?让我来一一为大家讲解。 分界洲岛的“三分天下” 气候之分：分界洲岛位于海南省陵水与万宁交界的海中，是牛岭向南海延伸塌陷地段。据说，整个牛岭是五指山山脉的延续，这是由于亿万年前，大陆板块的挤压所形成的。分界洲岛是牛岭的下部分，后来冰川期，海水的浸入，淹没了较低的部分，切断了分界洲岛与牛岭的联系，从而形成了现在的样子。虽说整个海南岛都处于热带，但是由于北面以平原地地型为多，南面以山地为多，这样来自南边的暖气流受到东西走向山脉的阴隔，导致山体迎坡(南面)和背面坡(北面)的气候出现差异，以致这座小小的山岭对海南岛东南的气候也产生了影响。也正因为这样，站在分界洲岛上，经常就可以看到牛岭“牛头下雨，牛尾睛”的奇观。 行政区域之分，这里是万宁市与陵水县行政区域的分界岭，岭北为万宁市，岭南是陵水黎苗族自治县，两个县市的分界碑就在这山岭上。 人文分界，分界岭连接着中部的五指山山脉和西部的鹦哥岭，构成了一条东西纵横山脉分隔了海南岛南北，自然的分界也成为古代海南人文分界，也就是汉族、黎族聚集程度的分界，岭南主要聚居黎族，岭北主要以汉族为主。所以不要小看了这个小小山岭以及这小小岛屿，竟可以如此“三分天下”呢。 分界洲岛的传说 分界洲岛由寿龟湾、福龟湾两个海滩组成。现在的龟寿湾是游人们喜爱的海滨浴场，各位走在这绵软的沙滩上是否感觉象是踩在了鸟的羽毛上一般呢?没错这就是着名的“平沙落雁”，相传就是飞经此地的海鸟们为帮助前来此地产卵的海龟而用羽毛混以细沙铺成的，这样海龟宝宝们就能顺利出生在既温暖又柔软的沙滩上了。那么，海鸟们为什么要帮助海龟呢?而海龟们又为什么要在这里产卵了，周围都是坚硬的岩石，并不适合生育下一代呀?而且从上岛以来我们就见到了好多形态各异的海龟雕塑，尤其还有一只小海龟破壳而出的石雕非常生动可爱，难道这小岛与海龟之间有着什么样不解的渊源吗?这与我下面为大家讲的一个故事有关。 传说在很久很久以前，这里久旱无雨，河水都干涸了，稻田也都旱死了，唯一可以引用的水井又被当地的恶霸占据，并用以高价售水敲诈勒索，生灵涂炭，百姓民不聊生。南海龙宫中一只负责巡海的老仙龟知道了这件事后，心中很不安宁，便瞒着南海龙王，带上自己的龟子龟孙，来到这里，假传龙王的口谕，扣开天门，降下雨水，并帮助当地黎民百姓挖井掘泉，开沟筑渠，灌溉禾田，供给饮水，使老百姓终于度过了难关，开始新的生活。 但是，恶霸岂能善罢甘休，他们毁坏沟渠，结果沟渠变得凶猛把前来破坏的狗腿子一个个淹死;他们想霸占新挖的水井，结果他们一靠近水井就冒着黑烟发着恶臭，恶霸们只好败兴而去。当老百姓来但井边时，井水就依然清甜沁心，从此百姓们过上了幸福的生活，百姓们都非常感谢这口充满灵性的井水。久而久之，人们就把这个地方叫成了“灵水”。后来才改名为现在的名字“陵水”。 而那只善良正义的老仙龟，为了当地百姓的长治久安，风调雨顺，便决定留在这里，驻足在山坡上，日夜守护着这里，直到年老寿终，便化成了一块巨大的龟形巨石。还有更神奇的呢?据说当年老仙龟的子孙们为了不引起龙王的注意，它们决定在这里产卵孵化，所以就有我们先前看到的“平沙落雁”。这件善事最终被玉帝知道了，玉帝深受感动，于是下令，凡是在这里出生成长的海龟，寿命一律延长500岁，由原先的100岁，变成了600岁。同时这里的海赐名为“福海”，岛上的山岭为“寿山”。 至此以后，南海里的许多的动物都纷纷游到这里来产卵繁殖，希望沾点瑞气，借点吉祥;听当地人每年的八月十五中秋节前后，果然会有大量的海龟来到这里产卵，这里沙滩柔软，温度适宜，产卵的成活率很高，而东海、北海的海龟听说了消息后也不远千里万里来这里产卵，希望自己的子孙们也能得以长寿，真像现代人想尽千方百计地去国外生孩子，希望自己的孩子一生下来就成“小洋人”。

尊敬的学院领导，你们好：我自愿申请加入学校学生会纪律委员会组织，这对于我来说是一次鞭策与提高，也是对我的一次锻炼和考验，我申请加入这个组织，并力争为学校教学管理做出自己的一份贡献。

我认为学院纪检工作责任很大，它是学院的重要管理组织，不仅担任学院学生会其他工作的开展监督检查督促等职能，更能以自己的表率作用促进学校的管理工作上新台阶，更能激发学生的学习热情，使他们养成良好的习惯，使学生的精神面貌发生新的变化。

因此，它对于促进学院学生的管理工作有着重要的意义。可以说学院纪检工作是学院管理工作的重中之中，是管理之基，是服务之本，因此我申请加入这个组织。

如果我加入这个组织，我将感到无上光荣，我将严格要求自己，模范遵守学院各项纪律和规定，对照标准找差距，使自己的自身素质的提高，认真履行纪检组织所赋予的职能，充分发挥其监督，检查，管理的职能，坚持标准面前人人平等，不搞小团体，不逊私情，秉公办事，一切为了学院的发展，一切为了学院的管理，一切为了学生的利益，并把自己置身在学院学生会这个集体中，找准位置，服从组织，听从安排，在学校管理中，做出自己的贡献，并在管理中提升自己的能力，激发澎湃的热情，端正学习的态度，树立远大的理想，树立正确的人生观，价值观，珍惜时间，刻苦学习，做遵守纪律的榜样，做认真学习的榜样，为学院实现更大的发展，为学院创造新的辉煌做出自己的贡献，我将从现在起向这一目标奋进，请学院领导批准我的请求。

“半亩方塘一鉴开，天光云影共徘徊，问渠哪得清如许，为有源头活水来。”这是南宋著名理学家朱熹赞美家乡婺源的诗句。

婺源是江西省一个具有悠久历史的古县，历史上属安徽管辖。是古徽州一府六县之一，也是南宋著名理学家朱熹的故里和中国铁路之父詹天佑的家乡。这里民风纯朴，文风鼎盛，名胜古迹遍布全县。有保持完美的明清古建筑，有田园牧歌式的氛围和景色。 这里山明水秀，松竹连绵，飞檐翘角的古民居蜿蜒于青山绿水之间：或依山，隐现于古树青林之间;或傍水，倒映于溪池清泉之上;与层层梯田、缭绕云雾相映成趣，如诗如画。四季景色各呈千秋，尤其是春秋两季，漫山遍野的映山红和满山的红枫叶犹如一簇簇火苗争奇斗艳。置身于这样的景色之中，让你感觉到心旷神怡和留连忘返。

婺源以山川之灵秀，土地之肥沃，物产之丰富，贤俊之广众而著称。

县境内纵横密布、碧而清澈的河溪山涧与怪石奇峰、古树茶亭、廊桥驿道融雄伟豁达与纤巧秀美于一体。著名景点有西北的大鄣山与灵岩洞群，东北的浙岭与石耳山，中部的福山和西部的大游山，唐宋以来就是游览胜地。苏东坡、黄庭坚、宗泽、岳飞、朱熹等在此留下了不少赞美的诗文。

“两水夹明镜，双桥落彩虹”，因袭唐诗而得名的宋代古桥彩虹桥，是婺源廊桥的代表作。这里四周青山如黛，桥下绿水长流，桥的两旁有廊亭，廊亭的两旁有石桌石凳，在这里或品茶弈棋，或浏览风光，让你感受到世外的悠闲和宁静。

离县城西南30公里左右的文公山有朱熹回乡扫墓时亲手栽植的古杉24棵(寓24孝之意)，至今逾800余年，长势依然旺盛，古杉之巨，为国内所罕见。

生态环境优美的鸳鸯湖，成群成对的鸳鸯，如鲜花绽开于湖泊之中，形影不离。

婺源不仅景色优美，更富有深厚的文化内涵，历来享有书乡之誉。这里人杰地灵，名人辈出，一门九进士，六部四尚书，足见其文风之盛。婺源物产丰富，有遐名中外的茶叶“婺绿”，可谓中国绿茶中之上品;味道鲜美的荷包红鱼，被誉为“人间天物”;石冠群山的“龙尾砚”(歙砚)为中国四大名砚之一。

婺源以山、水、竹、石、树、木、桥、亭、涧、滩、岩洞、飞瀑、舟 渡、古民居为组合的自然景观，有着世外桃园般的意境，犹如一幅韵味无穷的山水画，形成一个独特而美丽的田园风光游览区，给人们一种回归自然和超凡脱俗的感觉。对那些久经都市嘈杂喧闹的人们和爱好旅游、美术、摄影的艺术工作者来说，到婺源一游或收集创作素材，不能说不是一种美的享受和明智的选择。

说是1959年发现并不很确切。因为在人们打开这个岩洞时，在它的石壁上看到几十则纪游题名，都是唐宋时代的，可见1000多前，它就被人们发现，并成为游览胜地，只是后来不知是什么原因，它又被封闭起来。因此，把1959年的发现称做再发现似更确切。

芦笛岩于1962年开放时，因当时全国开放游览岩洞为数不多，而芦笛岩又比较瑰丽，因此一下子名扬四海，被誉为"大自然艺术之宫"。芦笛岩洞内曲折上下，变化多端，洞内有大量的石乳、石笋、石柱、石幔、石花，并自然形成可以拟人拟物的自然景色。

七星岩是我国最早开放游览的岩洞之一。早在1700多年前就成了游览胜地，因此，洞中留下了不少题词。洞中有的`景点的名称，如"大象卷鼻"、"狮子戏球"、"仙人晒网"等，从明代起，一直流传到今天。明地理学家徐霞客曾两次进七星岩考察。七星岩的游程约800多米，最宽处43米，最高处27米，沿内温度常年的摄氏20度左右。解放后经全面修整，带团日记，铺设道路，装置灯光，游览称便。

在路上电动车因没电抛锚了，天快黑了，老爸情急之下打电话给“安达”出租公司求助，出租公司接到电话后也相当紧张，毕竟这里走的全部是山路，而且是雨天，天又快黑了。他们回复会派人过来接，要求我们原地等待。过了好久，终于看到有两部车向我们驶来，一部摩托车，一部电动车。我们失望了，难道这么黑的天还是要让我们骑回去。不久，他们的安排验证了我们的想法，他们让我们3人骑开过来的电动车，没电的车由他们拉回去。老爸打开电动车，发现更糟糕的情况是电动车灯坏了，没灯晚上如何开车。要知道这里是山路，一边是悬崖，一边是深不见底湖，路上还有很多从山上滚下来的碎石。那两位叔叔倒是给我们出了一个“好主意”，要我们沿着马路中间的白线行驶，整条马路也就是中间那条白线隐隐可见，但对于我们平时没有经验的我们，还是寸步难行。怎么办?这时老爸说：“道鸿，把我的手机拿出来，打开手机上的手电筒。”哦，真行，就这样，我们艰难、危险的出发了，戴着近视眼镜的妈妈在后面总是发出不安的提示声，慢慢行了一段路后，天竟然下起了雨，妈妈在后面撑起了一把伞。就这样我们一路慢慢前行，一个小时后我们终于到了温暖的酒店。嗯，今天大家都太累了。

第二天早上，我们伴着小鸟的歌声起床了，湖离酒店很近，我们一起到湖边支散步。在湖边我们看到一位渔夫，他已经捕完鱼了。妈妈问那个渔夫，能否载我们去湖里。那位渔夫回答说：“行，上来吧”。原来渔船也是猪槽船，有点像独木舟。两头并不翘起，中间低一点，是坐人的，整个船是半圆形，它到底是怎么保持平衡胡，我不得而知。到了湖中央，我看到了一种植物，它叫水性杨花，只有在这里才有的，能作为食物吃的，不过，我更喜欢它头顶上开胡那朵小白花啊，美丽极。此处胡湖深6米，但一眼望去，仍能看见底部的石头，名副其实胡清澈见底。

兴凯湖(Khanka Lake)位于黑龙江省东南部，距密山市35公里，是中俄界湖，北三分之一的面积为中国，南属俄罗斯，地理坐标为北纬45°20′东经132°40′。兴凯湖是由火山爆发地壳下陷形成的，唐代称循沦湖，金元时期称北琴海，17世纪后清政府改称兴凯湖。兴凯湖总面积4880平方公里，水面面积4380平方公里，岸线长度90公里，平均湖深7米，最大湖深10.6米，海拔69米，东西宽60公里，南北垂直纵距140公里。湖岸为细软沙滩，湖水清洁，无污染，湖水透明度1.5米至2.0米。大白鱼是兴凯湖特产，被列为中国四大淡水名鱼之一。兴凯湖是一座集防洪蓄水排涝、灌溉及旅游等多功能的天然水体，是国家(AAAA级)度假、养生、旅游胜地，素有“东方夏威夷”之美称。

兴凯湖位于黑龙江省鸡西市东部，距密山市35公里，是古代火山爆发后，因地势陷落积水而形成;为中俄界湖，北三分之一的面积为中国，南属俄罗斯，面积为4380公里，岸线长度90公里，湖面海拔69米，最深处达10米，东西宽60 公里，南北垂直纵距140公里,北纬45°20′东经132°40′。共有九条河流注入，湖水从东北方溢出，最后流入乌苏里江。兴凯湖原为中国内湖，1860年中俄《北京条约》签定后，变成了中俄界湖。

史书记载，兴凯湖在唐代称为湄沱湖，以盛产“湄沱之鲫”驰誉。又因湖形如“月琴”，故金代有“北琴海”之称，清代改为兴凯湖。"兴凯"是满语,意为"水从高处往低处流"之意。

兴凯湖景色优美，物产丰富。而且还有大面积的湿地。

大兴凯湖由6500万年前的火山喷发造成地壳陷落而形成。小兴凯湖在大湖20万年以后变迁过程中湖水退缩形成。

又称兴开湖，是当地赫哲语肯卡的偕音，意为水从高处向低处流。“兴凯”是满语，“兴凯”的意思为“水耗子”，说明当时兴凯湖中水鼠很多。兴凯湖北面有小兴凯湖，又名达巴库湖，满语意为“水从高处往低处流”。

兴凯湖图册(3)兴凯湖作为满族的龙兴之地，清初曾被“禁封”200多年。清末解禁后，陆续有垦荒者来到这里。20世纪50年代，王震将军率领十万官兵在此开发北大荒。时至如日，因为地处边境，人烟稀少，加之保护力度的不断提高，兴凯湖保持了较为原始的自然生态。

肇兴侗寨是全国最大的侗族村寨之一，素有“侗乡第一寨”之美誉。肇兴原名“肇洞”，是一个东西向的狭长谷地，两条小溪汇成一条小河穿寨而过，河面跨有有六座风雨桥，风雨桥因桥上建有长廊式、可遮蔽风雨的桥屋而得名。通道两侧有栏杆，形如游廊。寨中房屋为干栏式吊脚楼，鳞次栉比，错落有致，全部用杉木建造，硬山顶覆小青瓦，古朴实用。

肇兴侗寨以鼓楼群最为著名，一个寨子就有五座鼓楼，分布在寨中五团，依次为“仁团鼓楼”、“义团鼓楼”、“礼团鼓楼”、“智团鼓楼”、“信团鼓楼”，因而被称为鼓楼文化艺术之乡。鼓楼是侗寨的标志，从外观看像一座宝塔，气势雄伟，还没进入村寨就很醒目。鼓楼上一般都挂有一支鼓。过去，当寨子遇到外敌入侵，失火或议事之时，便登楼击鼓，召集寨民，鼓楼因此得名。鼓楼是寨里集会议事、订立款约、处理问题的会场，也是寨里群众工余饭后休息活动场所。每逢春节、农历6月6日天贶节和8月15日芦笙节等盛大的节日活动都在鼓楼举行。

仁团鼓楼是寨子中最矮的鼓楼，鼓楼旁就是风雨桥，后面就是戏台，是肇兴唯一的鼓楼、戏台和风雨桥都能展现在同一平台的地方。义团鼓楼的后面就是戏台，戏台前面就是一座大平台。这个平台是肇兴最大的一块空地，所以很多侗歌的演出都会在这里进行。礼团鼓楼的后面有一个萨岁坛，爬上萨岁坛旁边的晒谷地，你会看到另一个角度的鼓楼，智团鼓楼是肇兴唯一的歇山式鼓楼，智团鼓楼沿着河流往下游走就是信团鼓楼，信团鼓楼离主街最近，也是肇兴最高的一栋鼓楼。

整个寨子能看到全景的制高点是肇兴中学观景点，在这里能清晰看到整个肇兴侗寨的全貌。另一处是猛猫花桥下游新建的第六座风雨桥对面的小山坡，在那里也能看到肇兴的全景。晚上可以看看肇兴的大歌演出，更好得感受一下侗族风情。

肇兴现在经过开发，各种服务设施已经很完善，吃饭和住宿都不用担心，但是建议在旅游旺季最好还是提前预定较好。从义团鼓楼旁边的水泥桥开始一直到仁团鼓楼这一段，是肇兴的重点保护地带，也是最漂亮的一段吊脚楼景观，而这里也是肇兴购物最集中的地方。

欢迎大家来到这里，下面我来为大家介绍一下!

昭陵，全国重点文物保护单位，位于沈阳市区北郊，是清朝第二代皇帝清太宗皇太极和皇后博尔济吉特氏的陵墓。

因坐落在沈阳市北端，故又称北陵。昭陵与福陵和永陵齐名，合称 "关外三陵"，但其规模宏大，结构完整，远非其他二陵可比。昭陵建筑完整无双独具特色，仿自明陵而又具有满族陵寝的特点，是汉、满民族文化交流的典范。

墓主皇太极是努尔哈赤的第八子。努尔哈赤死后，皇太极继位为金(后金)主。并于天聪十年(1636年)改国号为清，称皇帝。皇太极在位期间，积极推行汉化政策，不仅仿照明制设立"六部"官衙，而且组织人力翻译汉文典籍，他与其父努尔哈赤一样，对满族初期发展作出了杰出贡献。

各位朋友：

大家好!我叫王丹，大家请叫我王导，我是“明天会更好”旅行社的，我是你们的导游，相信我们合作的会很愉快。

今天我们来到了故宫博物馆，故宫又称紫禁城。明代第三位皇帝朱棣在夺取帝位后，决定迁都北京，公元1420xx年即开始营造宫殿，至明永乐十八年(公元1420xx年)落成。城内宫殿建筑布局沿中轴线向东西两侧展开。红墙黄瓦，画栋雕梁，金碧辉煌。殿宇楼台，高低错落，壮观雄伟。朝暾夕曛中，仿若人间仙境。在封建帝制时代，普通紫禁城宫殿位于北京城中心，东西宽753米，南北长961米，占地面积723600余平方米，周围环以10米高的城墙和52米宽的护城河，俗称筒子河。城墙四面各设城门一座：南名午门，北称神武门，左右为东华门、西华门，其中午门和神武门现专供参观者游览出入。

城内古建筑总面积约16万平方米。 紫禁城前半部(南半部)以太和殿、中和殿、保和殿三大殿为中心，东西辅以文华、武英二殿，统称为“外朝”，是明、清两代皇帝办理政务、举行朝会及其他重要庆典的场所。三大殿建于高8。13米的3层汉白玉石台基上。其中太和殿面积2，370平方米，高33。33米，重檐庑殿黄色琉璃瓦顶，是现存中国古代建筑中最高大的建筑，是封建皇权的象征，皇帝登极、万寿、大婚、册立皇后等均在这里举行。保和殿顶为重檐歇山式，殿内沿袭宋、元“减柱造”法式，空间开阔，在清代是宴请王公、举行殿试等的地方。

中国天文学家将天上的所有星宿分成三恒，二十八宿，三十一天区，其中的三恒是太微恒，和紫微恒。天市恒。因此古人认为紫禁城是天帝之座，故被称紫宫。皇帝是天帝之子，以表现其位居中央，环视天下的帝王气概。

好，我们的故宫一日游就到这里，大家后会有期，再见游客们!

各位游客，大家好!欢迎来到黄山游玩，我是小导游__x，今天我来带领大家一起游览黄山。

游客们，下面我来介绍一些景点，等会儿自由活动的时候，大家可以选择景点。黄山有山岭30处、岩22处、洞7处、关2处。黄山的四绝有奇松、怪石、云海和温泉。观日出最佳地点有清凉台、曙光亭、狮子峰、始信峰、丹霞峰、光明顶、鳌鱼峰、玉屏楼。看云海最佳地点是玉屏楼、清凉台、白鹅岭、排云亭、光明顶。

各位游客，这就是黄山四绝里的奇松。黄山绵延数百里，千峰万壑，比比皆松。黄山松，它分布于海拔800米以上高山，以石为骨，顽强地扎根于巨岩裂隙。黄山松针叶粗短，苍翠浓密，干曲枝虬，千姿百态。有的伟岸挺拔，有的独立峰巅，有的倒悬绝壁，有的冠平如盖，有的尖削似剑。有的循崖度壑，绕石而过;有的穿罅穴缝，破石而出。忽悬、忽横、忽卧、忽起，“无树非松，无石不松，无松不奇”。

游客们，你们抬头往上看，是不是看到了一块大石头?它叫“梦笔生花”，黄山四绝之一的怪石!这怪石形态，那真是千奇百怪，令人叫绝。似人似物，似鸟似兽，情态各异，形象逼真。它“怪”就怪在从不同角度看，就有不同的形状，已被命名的怪石有120多处。

其他地方我就不多说了，让你们自己去观赏，下面是自由活动，我建议最好去泡个温泉哦!

大家好！欢迎大家来到位于塞外古都、煤海之乡的大同观光旅游。我是大家的导游员杨丽，今天我们将参观举世闻名的佛教艺术宝库 --- 云冈石窟。它与甘肃敦煌的莫高窟，河南洛阳的龙门石窟并称为中国三大石窟。

云冈石窟开凿于距今 1500 多年的北魏王朝，现存主要洞窟 45 个，佛教造像 51000 多尊，根据武周山势的自然起伏，云冈石窟又自然的分成东区、中区和西区三部分。其中第 1——4 窟为东区， 5——13 窟为中区， 14——45 窟为西区。下面我们就先从中区的第 5 区开始参观吧。

第 56 窟是一组双窟，是云冈石窟中最精彩壮观、最具代表性的石窟。第 5 窟为椭圆形的穹窿顶马蹄形，分前、后两室，进入高大的后室，首先引入眼帘的是这尊两腿双盘、双手叠放腿上的大佛。这种“吉祥式”坐姿的全结跏趺坐禅定印象，表示着释迦摩尼佛已进入标准的“静思维”修行状态，是佛的坐、立、行、卧“四威仪”，即四个庄严地身姿之一。大佛高 17 米，是云冈石窟第一大佛。专家们认为这尊大佛是北魏孝文帝为他的父亲献文帝凿造的佛陀象征。那么上述历史在此窟是否有所体现呢？请各位细看，大佛头顶为蓝色螺髻，面庞方圆，细眼长眉，鼻梁高直，唇含笑意，两耳垂肩，在端庄、慈祥的神情中透露出神圣、超凡和自信的风貌。尤其是这尊佛像身穿双领下垂，内衣束结，宽大柔软而下垂的袈裟，衣纹流畅，给人一种丝的质感。大佛的右侧是未来世弥勒佛，左侧为过去式燃灯佛。大佛的后面有一个很宽敞的甬道，那是供佛教信徒们礼佛绕行的诵经道。

第 6 窟是云冈石窟中以精巧著称的一窟，称“第一伟窟”。窟平面呈回字形，窟正中凿一方形塔柱。在巨大的中心塔柱和整个洞窟的四壁上，雕满了佛像、菩萨、罗汉、飞天、供养人、瑞鸟、神兽、花卉，形成了一种热闹拥挤，美妙神奇的佛国氛围，主题以歌颂佛母和表现释迦摩尼一生的成佛弘教经历为主，因而也叫“佛母洞”。请大家随我的手势来观赏面前这幅关于“右腋诞生”的画面：古印度有一个小国叫“迦毗罗卫国”，国王叫“净饭王”，王后叫“摩耶”，他们到了 40 岁的时候还没有孩子，非常焦急。有一天，摩耶夫人梦见一位菩萨乘白象而来，后来怀了身孕。按当地习俗，妇女应回娘家分娩。摩耶夫人在快临产时，在妹妹和仆人的陪侍下回家。半路上，他们到蓝毗尼花园休息，刚到一颗菩提树下，夫人预感快要生产了。于是，一手抓住树枝，一手在妹妹的搀扶下，从右腋生出了孩子，这就是“乔达摩 悉达多”，成佛后被尊为释迦族圣人的“释迦摩尼”。

下面我们要参观的是被誉为云冈石窟外交官和代表作的第 20 窟 --- 露天大佛。这尊高达 13.7 米的结跏趺坐佛像，面容丰满端庄，双肩宽厚平直，身披右袒袈裟，呈大日如来吉祥坐禅定印象，是释迦摩尼对宇宙、社会和人生的一种沉静思考状态。这尊大佛便是北魏文成帝拓拔睿的象征。他恢复佛法，开凿云冈石窟，大佛的嘴角微笑神态，表现出佛教徒对他的敬意。距离产生美，角度显神韵。在这尊露天大佛面前，以不同的距离和角度观赏，都会产生各种变化着的美及其神韵。

现在给大家 20 分钟时间在露天大佛前拍照留念，愿大佛炯炯有神的双眸，略带微笑的嘴角，给大家留下深刻的回忆，带来美好的福音。好， 20 分钟后我们在这里集合，谢谢大家合作！

Dear guests

Hard work all the way!

Now, you have reached the destination of this trip: Zhangjiajie. My name is__X. Im a professional tour guide of X__ travel agency. The license number isX__. The city tourism complaint telephone number is 8380193. Its a great honorto be your guide today. I will serve you wholeheartedly and spend a wonderfultrip in Zhangjiajie.

Zhangjiajie City, located in the heart of Wuling mountains in the northwestof Hunan Province, covers an area of 9563 square kilometers with a totalpopulation of 1552000. Zhangjiajie is a multi-ethnic area, with 19 ethnicminorities with Tujia as the main body reaching 1118400, accounting for 72.06%of the citys total population, including 980000 Tujia, 108000 Bai and 26900Miao (according to the statistics at the end of 1998).

Zhangjiajie belongs to the monsoon humid climate of the middle subtropicalmountain prototype, with an average temperature of 16.8 degrees Celsius, anaverage annual rainfall of 1400 mm, a frost free period of 258 days, an averagetemperature of 28 degrees Celsius in summer and 5.1 degrees Celsius in coldmonths. It can be said that there is no severe cold in winter, no severe heat insummer and pleasant temperature in four seasons. It is the most suitable placefor human beings to live.

Please look back: Tianmen Mountain is famous all over the world. I believeyou still remember the magnificent scene of the world aerobatics Grand Prix inDecember 1999 when the plane passed through Tianmen cave.

The river we see now is called Lishui river. It originates from Badagongmountain in Sangzhi County, marshal Helongs hometown. It passes through cliffgorge for hundreds of kilometers and flows into 800 Li Dongting Lake. It is theless polluted and most beautiful "ecological river" among the four major riversin Hunan Province. The first domestic unpowered rubber boat tourism rafting islocated in Maoyan River, which is the most splendid in the upper part of the LiRiver.

The initial formation of the modern geomorphic framework of Zhangjiajie wasabout 100 million years ago in the Yanshan Himalayan period of the Mesozoic andCenozoic. Located between the uplift area of Yunnan Guizhou Plateau and thesubsidence area of Dongting Lake, the uncanny workmanship of nature has createdspectacular canyons, turbulent rivers, isolated stone peaks, deep karst cavesand mysterious underground Yinhe river for us. The first stop of our trip,Wulingyuan scenic spot in Zhangjiajie, is a classic work of naturesorogeny.

Now, I will briefly introduce the development history of ZhangjiajieCity.

Zhangjiajie used to be called Dayong instead of Zhangjiajie. It is the seatof ancient Yongguo. According to historical records, "Yong is the name of acountry. "Zuo Zhuan" in the 16th year of Wengong (611 BC), Chu destroyed Yong Sothere is a saying that "Dayong, ancient Yongguo is also".

As early as in the late primitive society, the ancestors began to breed onboth sides of the Lishui river. In the period of Yao and Shun, "Shun put his joyin Chongshan to change Nanman", so there was a saying of "Nanman" in Chinesehistory. The mountain standing side by side with Tianmen Mountain is Chongshan.After the establishment of the Qin Dynasty, the first emperor of the Qin Dynastydivided the world into 36 counties, and Dayong was assigned to Qianzhong County,which is now Yuanling County. Later, Liu Bang, the emperor of the Han Dynasty,assigned Dayong to Wuling county (now Changde City) and changed it to ChongxianCounty; In the sixth year of Wu Yongan in the Three Kingdoms period (263),Songliang mountain, which is now Tianmen Mountain, suffered a landslide, whichdestroyed half of the mountain and created a world wonder, a huge cave throughthe mountain. Sun Xiu, king of Wu, regarded it as an auspicious omen. He changedSongliang mountain to Tianmen Mountain and divided Wuling County into TianmenCounty, which was in charge of four counties, so as to enhance the politicalstatus of Tianmen Mountain. In the long history of 1720 years, Dayong waspromoted and abolished several times, and went through more than 30 times ofconstruction and reform. In the early 1980s, due to the discovery of a rarenatural wonder of sandstone peak forest in the northern mountains of DayongCounty, the world was shocked.

So there was a series of big moves by the government:

In September 1982, the first National Forest Park in China was established,which filled the gap that there was no national park in China;

In February 1985, the former Central Committee of the Communist Party ofChina inscribed for Wulingyuan;

In May 1985, the State Council approved the withdrawal of Dayong county andthe establishment of Dayong city (county level);

In May 1988, the State Council approved the promotion of Dayong city to aprefecture level city with jurisdiction over Yongding District, WulingyuanDistrict, Cili County and Sangzhi County;

In August 1988, Wulingyuan was listed in the second batch of 40 nationalkey scenic spots;

On December 24, 1992, Wulingyuan was listed in the world heritage list byUNESCO;

In April 1994, the State Council approved the change of Dayong city toZhangjiajie City;

In March 1995, he personally inspected Zhangjiajie and positioned it forits future development: "building Zhangjiajie into a famous tourist attractionat home and abroad.".

So far, Zhangjiajie has finally completed the long span of time and space,and finally walked out of Xiangxi, Hunan, the whole country and the world fromthe "boudoir".

In order to achieve Jiangs goal as soon as possible, Zhangjiajie City hasformulated the "tourism driven" development strategy, which has been affirmed byHunan provincial Party committee and government. It is clear that Zhangjiajieshould regard tourism as the leading industry of the citys economic developmentand the pillar industry of enriching the people and strengthening the city.

Since the establishment of the National Forest Park in 1982, after nearly20 years of development, Zhangjiajies leading industry position has beenfurther clarified. Since the establishment of the city, the city has received16.8 million domestic and foreign tourists, including 400000 overseas tourists,with a tourism income of 3 billion yuan. In 1999, the city received 3.27 milliondomestic and foreign tourists, with a total tourism income of 950 million yuan,ranking second in the province. The proportion of tourism income to GDPincreased from 2.34% in 1989 to 16.9% in 1999. Tourism has become a leadingindustry driving the citys economic and social development and plays anincreasingly important role in the development of tourism in the whole provinceand even the whole country. The structure of the three industries was adjustedfrom 47:18:35 in 1989 to 27.0:26.4:46.6 in 1999. The leading position of thetertiary industry is more prominent and the economic structure tends to bereasonable. It has initially built a large tourism environment pattern withairports, customs, railway stations, high-grade highways, modern communications,star hotels, universities and technical secondary schools, advanced medical andhealth facilities, national folk culture exhibition base, and constantlyexpanding and improving functions. At present, Zhangjiajie railway station hasopened passenger trains with more than 10 large and medium-sized cities inChina. Zhangjiajie airport has opened flights to more than 20 large andmedium-sized cities in China, and charter flights to Hong Kong, Macao andBangkok have been opened. The city has more than 400 hotels (including more than20 star rated hotels), with a total of 40000 beds. There are 52 travel agenciesin the city, including 5 international agencies and 47 domestic agencies. Thetourism industry has 18000 employees, initially forming a supporting servicefacility integrating "food, housing, transportation, tourism, entertainment andshopping". At the same time, we have successfully received a large number ofParty and foreign heads of state and international friends, and successfullyheld several international forest protection festivals and world aerobaticscompetitions, thus winning the reputation of Zhangjiajie and expanding itspopularity. Zhangjiajie tourism is becoming mature.

Zhangjiajie is a prefecture level city under the jurisdiction of HunanProvince of the peoples Republic of China, formerly known as Dayong. It islocated in the northwest of Hunan Province, in the middle and upper reaches ofthe Lishui River, and belongs to the hinterland of Wuling mountains. Chinesemainland is one of the most important tourist city in China.

Friends: I believe you are not unfamiliar with Tianmen Mountain. The worldaerobatics Grand Prix held in November 1999 completed the feat of human flyingthrough natural karst caves for the first time, and the name of Tianmen Mountainsuddenly entered the worlds vision. How many people hope to have a glimpse ofTianmen Mountain. Today, you finally get what you want!

Tianmen Mountain is about 8 kilometers away from the south of ZhangjiajieCity. The top of the mountain is 1.93 kilometers wide from north to South and1.96 kilometers long from east to west. It covers an area of 2.2 squarekilometers and has an altitude of 1518.6. It is different from Wulingyuanssandstone peak forest landscape by its well-developed karst landform. It is aplatform shaped isolated mountain surrounded by cliffs.

Tianmen Mountain was called Songliang mountain in the Han Dynasty. In theThree Kingdoms period, a door was opened on the wall of the mountain. Sun Xiu,king of Wu, regarded it as an auspicious omen and renamed it Tianmen Mountain.Tianmen Mountain is a masterpiece of nature. In the long geological history, ithas experienced marine sedimentation rising to continental sedimentation,forming a high mountain, and suffered hundreds of millions of years of wind andrain erosion, especially the Triassic Yanshan movement. At the end of theCretaceous, the large-scale Himalayan orogeny further uplifted the TianmenMountain, which was cut into isolated mountains by two fault canyons, resultingin a great height difference between the high mountains and the valley, with aheight difference of more than 1300 meters within a few kilometers, thuscreating the majestic momentum of the isolated peaks of the TianmenMountain.

Tianmen Mountain is a mysterious carrier of historical culture and Buddhismculture, and a perfect combination of natural landscape and human landscape.

In order to speed up the process of tourism development in Zhangjiajie,Tianmen Mountain is in the process of large-scale development and construction.Some scenic spots have not been officially opened; the worlds longest ropewayand Tianmenshan temple are under construction.

(Tianmen cave) on the 1264 meter high cliff of Tianmen Mountain, there is anatural gate cave from north to south. It is 131.5 meters from the bottom to thetop, 37 meters wide and 30 meters deep. On the top edge of the north side of thecave, there is an inverted dragon head bamboo with roots like dragon head andleaves like phoenix tail, so it is also called Phoenix Tail Bamboo. On the eastside is a trench more than 200 meters high, with spring water flowing from aboveand falling plum blossom rain. It is said that anyone who can open his mouth toreceive 48 drops of plum blossom rain can become an immortal. At the entrance ofTianmen cave, you can often see rock swallows flying and mountain Eaglescircling. With the change of weather, Tianmen cave sometimes breathes clouds,sometimes it is clear like a mirror, which forms a cyclic and ever-changingmeteorological landscape.

So, how did Tianmen cave form? Geologist Mr. Qin gongjiong thought that itwas the result of "funnel" dissolution. He thinks that the terrain on the eastside of Tianmen cave inclines slightly to the west, while the terrain on thewest side inclines slightly to the East, and the core of syncline is facingTianmen cave road. The East and west walls are cut by two joints with a strikeof about 320 degrees, and a joint with a strike of 40 degrees intersects withthem at Tianmen cave. Two karst funnels at the top of the cave also play animportant role in the karst process. After the rain falls, the surface waterflows along the slope to the funnel, and part of the water flowing into the soilflows down the interlayer cracks of the stratum towards the core of thesyncline. The long-term continuous dissolution process makes the local collapse,and finally makes the two groups of caves merge into one, forming the Tianmencave.

However, some people disagree with this: the Tianmen cave was formedaccording to this principle. Why is the base of the cave a huge platform? Canthese rocks "collapse" out of the cave? Therefore, the formation of Tianmen caveis still an unsolved mystery.

(Tianmenshan Temple) Tianmenshan temple was first built in the TangDynasty. It was called Yunbo temple, Lingquan courtyard and Songliang hall inancient times. In the Ming Dynasty, due to improper site selection, it wasrepeatedly destroyed by wind and often suffered from water shortage, soTianmenshan temple was moved from the eastern peak. It used to be a place withtowering ancient trees and thick shade. The lintel of the ancient temple isengraved with the four characters "Tianmen Xianshan". The couplet on both sidesof the gate is: "there is no night in the sky, and there is no mountain on themountain. It is said that Li Zicheng wrote a book by Ye Fu. The entrance is theGreat Buddha Hall, behind which is the Guanyin hall, with six bungalows on bothsides. The last one is the ancestral hall, which is of great scale. Folk can besummarized as "three into the hall, six ear room, brick wall, iron pot, such asKuang". The original architecture of the temple is very particular, withcornices and angles, carved dragons and painted phoenixes, and statues ofBuddhas and Bodhisattvas. There is also a big drum, a big bell, a seven levelstone tower and a Dahua money stove. According to the inscriptions, Tianmenshantemple was repaired seven times during the 163 years from the Qianlong period ofthe Qing Dynasty to the fifth year of the Republic of China. At that time, therewas an endless stream of believers from more than ten counties along the borderof Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan and Guizhou. Now Tianmenshan Tourism Co., Ltd. isrepairing Tianmenshan temple on a large scale, and the former prosperity willreappear.

(longtouyan) its called longtouyan. In the past, there were stone tapsthat could be turned on the collapse. Longtou rock faces a cliff. It is saidthat in the past, many pilgrims, in order to show their sincerity in praying forGod and worshiping Buddha, held the dragons head in their hands and made acircle around the cliff. As long as they were sincere, they would guarantee younothing. Later, the dragon head was lifted off the cliff. Now we can only seethe stone pit where the dragon head was placed. Longtou rock is the best viewingplatform for sunrise and sea. Li Jing, the magistrate of Yuezhou in the MingDynasty, wrote a poem praising Tianmen Mountain

The mountain reaches its peak, and the gate of heaven is within reach.

Looking up at Penglai under the red sun, looking forward to Lufu whiteclouds.

Cangya abrupt pine fir ancient, Qujing remote horse trace empty.

If you want to build the highest peak, flying must rely on the skywind.

(chisongfeng gold pool) this small pool is about 1.3 meters long, 0.6meters wide and only a few centimeters deep. No matter how dry it is, the waterwill not dry up all the year round. It is said that this is the gold pool ofchisongzi, the rain master of Shennong emperor in ancient times. Under thenorthern cliff, there is a peak like Danzao peak, which is called Danzao peak.At the top of the peak, there are clouds and mist, like the smoke rising fromthe stove. It is said that it is a stove used by red pine nuts for alchemy.There is a poem by predecessors: "in the past, there were immortal places. Therelics are left in Danzao, and they often come and go. " There are thunder caveand electricity cave under the peak of Danzao. It is said that in addition tousing the water from the golden pool, the red pine nut can reach a certaindegree of fire with the help of thunder and electricity.

There are a lot of strange things in Tianmen Mountain, but the truth is notclear. Among them, there are four ancient mysteries, which have been handed downfrom generation to generation, and no one has solved them. The first is themystery of Tianmen opening, the second is the mystery of Guiguzi developing, thethird is the mystery of turning the water on the top of the mountain, and thefourth is the mystery of wild Buddhas treasure. It is said that under the beechtree is the treasure house of the wild Buddha. In the chapter "Tianmen Mountain"in the local records of Yongding County written by Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty,it is said that "in the Ming Dynasty, the wild Buddha flew to this mountain fromJiashan temple. The wild Buddha was a bandit. After the incident, he cut off hishair and became a monk. He escaped from heaven. "

(ghost Valley cave) it is said that when Li Zicheng took Yefu up themountain, he took more than 100 people and horses and many gold and silvertreasures, hired nine wooden boats to sneak into Dayong secretly against the LiRiver, and went up Tianmen Mountain unconsciously. This time Yefu became a monk,he didnt really want to become a Buddha. Instead, he "sleeps" every day and"draws his sword to the altar" to "restore the Central Plains" and "wipe out thewhole world" one day. However, the situation took a sharp turn, the peasant armycollapsed, the Qing government was established, and Yefu finally died ofanxiety. It is said that before he died, he scattered all the treasures he hadbrought and hid them in several secret places in Tianmen Mountain. And poisonedall the migrant workers to death. For hundreds of years, I dont know how manybandits, pilgrims and mysterious monks of Tianmen Mountain have come to Tianmento worship. In fact, they have come back empty handed to peep at the terrain andsearch for treasure. Where the treasure is hidden is always a mystery.

Standing on the cliff 300 meters away, there is an inverted trapezoidalcave with trees at the entrance and waterfalls flying out of the cave. It issaid that Gui GuZi, a famous scholar in the Warring States period, once studiedthe book of changes in the cave wall, and devoted himself to practicing martialarts, creating the world-famous "ghost Valley magic skill". There is also asecret collection of Wulin, Tianmen 36 Tianchi, which is called Guigu cave bylater generations. Guiguzi was the founder of the Political Science in theWarring States period. His main work, maneuvering tactics, is known as awonderful book, which studies how to defeat each other by means of union ordivision in politics and diplomacy. Historians say that a history of the WarringStates period chaos is derived from Guigu cave, which shows that Guigu Zi isvery good. Luo Fuhai, a man of Qing Dynasty, wrote a poem entitled "ghost Valleycave": "peach blossom and flowing water go floating, smile into the clouds, andvisit the cave deeply. Hermit flow more buried surname Yu, vertical andhorizontal skills actually immortal. On the wall of the Dao script, sealcharacters are left, and lead is cremated in the furnace. I heard Jun playingmusic in my ears, and a waterfall fell to the top of ten thousand peaks. "Xixiping and guanliping at the foot of the mountain are famous places for hardQigong. Qigong master Zhao Jishu has visited European countries many times andwon honor for his motherland.

From the end of 1980s to the 1990s, Li Guangyu, a veteran of Chisongvillage at the southern foot of Tianmen Mountain, had been let down for sixtimes to investigate the cave. Once, when exploring the cave, he occasionallytook pictures of Guiguzis face studying the book of changes with his camera.This is a profile image with a five sense organ Gallery, which is clearlydistinguishable. It is similar to the picture of Guiguzi, which has been widelyspread so far. Whether the image of Guiguzi is so vivid is accidental orcoincidence, or Gods intentional arrangement, which has become a mystery ofTianmen Mountain.

(aerial garden) please note that there are many exposed stone buds andstone forests on both sides of the trail. They are high and low in differentshapes, like a line to welcome us. This is another remarkable feature of thekarst landform in Tianmen Mountain. There are many stone buds and stone forestson the top of the mountain, which are distributed in the middle of the denseforest, forming a unique and primitive air garden. They are like labyrinths oneby one, and they are also like the eight array pictures of Pushuos confusionand changes. Tourists travel through it with unlimited interest. Folk legend hasit that anyone who can successfully pass through these labyrinths will be ableto pass through the so-called forty-eight gates of all living beings. Myfriends, you may as well have a try now. I wish you a smooth life.

(Li Nas cabin) this seven shaped cabin is the house of Li Na, a famoussinger. In May 1997, Li Na finished singing a song "Qinghai Tibet Plateau", andsoon disappeared. The news media couldnt find her everywhere. It turned outthat she had come to Tianmen Mountain. After living for a few days, she wasattracted and shocked by the magical Tianmen Mountain, and soon made twodecisions: one is to officially move her registered permanent residence toYongding District of Zhangjiajie, where Tianmen Mountain is located; the otheris to build a house for herself on the top of Tianmen Mountain. On June 6, 1997,Li Na officially became a citizen of Yongding District. It was said that Li Nawas going to build a house in Tianmen Mountain. The people were very happy.Without saying a word, they lifted wood and bricks from the foot of the mountainto the top of the mountain, which was more than 1500 meters high. A month later,the house was built. In her "nest", Li Na made the third decision that shockedthe world: to become a monk! Before long, Li Na unconsciously studied Buddhismin Mt. Wutai, Shanxi, and changed her name to shichangsheng. Before she leftTianmen Mountain, Li Na sang "Ode to sister-in-law" for Aunt Hu, who had beenwaiting on her for nearly a month. Then she opened her voice and sang "TianmenMountain", a three and a half degree poem "tailored by her assistant" for her,in order to bid farewell to her second hometown.

Tianmen Mountain

Approaching you, for the eternal oath,

Approaching you, for that distant dream,

What makes my heart so peaceful,

I finally saw Tianmen Mountain

Friends, why did Li Na become a monk and settle down in Tianmen Mountain?Its not clear in a few words. Its up to you to decipher the mystery of Li Naslife.

It is said that the first time Guiguzi went to Tianmen Mountain was fromganziping to laodaowan, from the cliff to the top of the mountain, and then toguigudong. Under the cliff, there is still a chain.

(overlooking Tianmen) standing here, you can overlook Tianmen cave facingnorth and Tongtian Avenue being built by Tianmen Mountain company. It was herethat CCTV crew 6 filmed the amazing scene of the plane passing through theTianmen gate during the world flying race in November 1999. Its more than 200meters from Tianmen cave.

Tianmen Mountain, like Zhangjiajie, is a national forest park with richvegetation. About 500 mu of primary secondary forest is preserved at the top ofthe mountain. According to the investigation, there are 532 species of vascularplants in 134 families, 353 genera. 95% of them are broad-leaved forests. Therare tree species under state protection include Davidia involucrata, Xiangguo,Lianxiang, Acer palmatum, Acer Sanguinalis, Eucommia ulmoides, Torreya grandis,silver Finch, etc. In this primary secondary forest, along this path, we willfind many rare tree species. This is Acer Sanguinalis. The cortex on the surfaceof the trunk is blood red. In autumn and winter, the bark on the surface of aslightly older tree splits in large pieces and adheres to the trunk. It is thinand looks like shaking scales. This is Carpinus. Carpinus is a new family ofvegetation species on earth. It was first discovered in Tianmen Mountain byProfessor Lin Yuanwang of South China Forestry University in 1998 and named"Dayong Carpinus" by the authority of the State Forestry Department. This is athousand year old tree called "Carpinus king", which needs to be embraced by twopeople. Carpinus Carpinus is hard and can be used as farm tools and furniture.It can extract rubber and extract oil from seeds.

(Davidia involucrate Bay) Davidia involucrate is known as the "livingfossil" of plants. It is an extremely precious tree species in the world. Thedistribution of Davidia involucrate communities is especially rare at the top ofhigh mountains with an altitude of more than 1500 meters. However, large-scaleDavidia involucrate communities have been found in Tianmen mountain and Badagongmountain. There are more than 100 Davidia involucrata trees in this area, so itis also called Davidia involucrata Bay. Davidia involucrata is like a dove. Whenit blooms in June, its branches are like doves with wings spreading to fly.There are also Gastrodia elata, Huanglian, Danggui, qiyeyizhihua and otherprecious medicinal plants in the forest. In 1984, the forest farm workers founda unicorn with only one horn on its head in this area. Its whole body is numbgray and the size of a calf. On the mountain, we also found two monkeys, about10-13cm long. Historical records: Mi monkey, also known as Haba monkey, is smalland can be hidden in the sleeve.

(Lingquan courtyard is the site of Yunbo nunnery) the Lingquan courtyard islocated on the back of Yunmeng Mountain, facing the southwest from thenortheast. The original building has two rooms and three rooms, facing the sunfrom the Lee. The environment is very beautiful. At the end of Tang Dynasty andFive Dynasties, Zhou Pu, a scholar, retired here. In 1975, under the ancienttrees in front of the site, a seven star bronze sword with inscriptions on thedragons head was excavated. The inscription is "emperor xuanzu of TianmenMountain". Together with four bronze Bodhisattvas, it was identified as acultural relic of the Tang Dynasty and a national first-class cultural relic.Emperor Xuan should be a Taoist. It is said that the Tianmen bronze sword wascollected by monk Danzi during the reign of Li Heng, Emperor suzong of TangDynasty. It is a treasure of Zhenshan. It is said that monk Danzi is the firstabbot of Tianmen Mountain Buddhist temple, which proves that there is aprecedent of integrating Buddhism and Taoism in Tianmen Mountain, and Puguangtemple in the city is a typical example of the confluence of Buddhism,Confucianism and Taoism.

(Yunmeng Summit) Yunmeng summit is surrounded by cliffs on the East, Westand north sides, with three natural viewing platforms on the edge. Looking downfrom here, you can see the housing streets in Zhangjiajie City and the gulliesand peaks on both sides of Xianren river. There are also three sister peaks ofchaotianguan in the northwest, and mountains in Yongshun, Cili and Yuanling inthe distance. It really has the feeling of "looking at the small mountains" and"Lishui is as thin as intestines". It will be a great pleasure to watch the seaof clouds here. The rolling clouds, like empty huge waves, are surging, givingpeople a heroic way to conquer mountains and a detachment from the world.

(Tomb of Zhoupu) Zhoupu was a scholar of the Late Jin Dynasty in the FiveDynasties. In order to avoid the war at that time, he lived in seclusion inLingquan courtyard of Tianmen Mountain for entertainment. At that time, thefather and son of Ma Yin and Ma Xifan, the kings of Chu, who ruled the Southseparately, admired his talent and learning, and invited Zhou Pu out of themountain many times, but he politely declined, and later died in TianmenMountain. His tomb is surrounded by a ring of natural stone teeth. In front ofit, there are three arched stone buildings. After the collapse, there is a tomb.Zhou Pu tomb is an important historic site on the mountain. Zhou Pu wrote inTianmen Mountain