长城导游词作文四年级(实用20篇)

大家好!我叫王__。

今天由我带大家游长城，因为这里的路很陡，很容易摔跤，请小心!

长城是人类最伟大的建筑工程，始建于二千年前的春秋战国时期，秦朝统一中国之后连成万里长城，后经汉、明两代又增大规模修筑。

万里长城从东头的山海关到西头的嘉峪关，有一万三千多里，从北京出发，不过一百里就到长城脚下，这一段修在八达岭上，高大坚固，是用巨大的条石和城砖筑成的，城墙外沿有两米多高成排的垛子，垛子上有方形的望口和射口，供望和射击用，城墙顶每隔三百米有一座方形的城台，是屯兵的堡垒，城之间可以相互呼应。

单看这数不清的条石，一块有二三千斤重，那里没火车、汽车，没有起重机，就靠无数的肩膀和无数的手，抬上这陡峭的山岭，多少人民的血汗和智慧，才凝结成这前不见头、后不见尾的万里长城，这样气魄雄伟的工程，在历史上是个伟大的奇迹。好!下面由大家自由参观。

尊敬的各位游客，很高兴能当你们的导游。我姓苏，大家叫我小苏好了。我们现在正在通往金山岭的路上，很快便会到达金山岭长城。我将带您游览长城风光。

各位请注意了，我们现在已到达了金山岭长城。那远处的城台，名叫烽火台，是屯兵的堡垒。它们每隔二百多米就有一台，上面扔着晒干了的狼粪。因为狼粪升起的烟又黑又浓，别的城台见了，便会立刻燃起狼烟。这样，就可以以迅雷不及掩耳之势，引来救兵，剿灭全部敌军。

诸位朋友，金山岭长城很长很长，接下来我们继续游赏长城的美丽景色，您一定会大开眼界的……

各位，我们现在正行进在金山岭隧道。金山岭和司马台是长城主要风景……这条穿越路线正是行走在“时空隧道”之上。从金山岭往南走，就到了有名的司马台长城。司马台长城雄险奇巧，变化多端，有百余敌楼。从双眼楼到五眼楼，是金山岭长城最雄壮的一部分。

金山岭长城才只是长城的一部分，长城有一万三千里。因为时间紧，所以只能走马观花的大概看看。其它的长城还有很多，有机会请大家细细游赏。

大家好，我今天带大家去参观中国伟大的遗产——长城。

我们从远处看长城，长城像一条长龙在大山之间盘旋。登上长城，我们可以看到城墙上有许多小口子，那就是用来射箭的射口，凸起来的是垛子，士兵可以躲在哪里对外面射箭。

秦始皇建长城用了，关于长城的建筑还有一个美丽的传说呢!我来给你说一说吧：从前有一个叫范喜良的人，他有一个妻子叫孟姜女。一天，范喜良被秦始皇征去建造长城了，冬天来了孟姜女给丈夫范喜良送寒衣的时候没有看到丈夫，当他问别的民工时别的民工告诉她范喜良已经死了。孟姜女嚎啕大哭，哭倒了长城800多米。

接下来自由活动，不过要注意不要在城墙上乱涂乱画。

各位游客：

你们好，欢迎你们来到北京旅游，我是你们的导游__x。

从八达岭长城往南，沿著名的“关沟”直下约5公里的中间地带，就是明万里长城最负盛名的雄关之一——居庸关。居庸关自古就是今北京地区西北的屏障。

如果说八达岭是西北进入北京的第一道门户的话，这里就是第二道门户。居庸关两侧高山耸立，翠峰重迭，峭壁陡不可攀。中间一径相通，地势十分险要。成书于战国时期的《吕氏春秋》中就有“天下九塞，居庸其一”的记载。

居庸关在漫长的岁月中，虽始终是兵防重镇，却屡易其名，三国时称“西关”，北齐时改“纳款关”，唐时又先称“蓟门关”，后改为“军都关”，由辽以后经金、元、明、清至今，一直称谓“居庸关”。秦时，虽然秦始皇所修长城不经过这里，但此地已是秦军都县和居庸县的关口。到北魏时期的公元446年，这里才开始有了长城。公元555年，北齐政权所修长城也曾经过这里。此时，居庸关才真正成为长城线上的一个重要隘口。明朝建立之初，就于洪武三年(公元1370年)派开国元勋徐达修筑了居庸关关城。关城两侧的长城城墙，紧接关城向两翼山上延伸，其形如大鹏展翅。城墙随山势地形而筑，在山巅平缓处的垛口为“凹”字形，墙筑在陡峭山坡，垛口为台阶式，呈锯齿状。关城设南北二门，街长二里余，南门筑有瓮城。垛口、射洞齐备，咽喉通道穿入南北门。具有“一夫当关，万夫莫开”之险。它与明长城的倒马关和紫荆关合称为“内三关”。

居庸关云台位于居庸关城的中心，为一过街塔基座，用汉白玉砌成。建于元至元五年(公元1345年)。台上原矗立三座石制-塔，俗称“过街塔”。塔在元末明初时先后被毁。明正统四年(公元1439年)，在台上重建寺院，名泰安寺。寺又于清代康熙四十一年(公元1702年)被焚毁。现存塔基高9.5米，下基东西长26.84米，南北长17.57米。台顶四周安设有雕刻精美的石护栏及排水龙头。台座正中间南北各开一券门，券洞为八边折角式拱券，这是我国仅存的宋、元以前城关门洞的建筑形式。券面及券洞内雕有迦楼罗(金翅鸟)、大龙神、卷叶花等。券洞内左右两壁，刻有属于-教内容的佛教图像，如四大天王像，以大鹏、鲸鱼等六种形象组成的法相饰“六〓具”等。四大天王之间，布满了用梵、藏、八思巴、维吾尔、汉、西夏西夏六种文字刻写的佛经，以及用汉文刻写的《造塔功德记》。券洞顶部雕刻有10尊坐佛和若干小佛像，还雕刻有各种花草图案。

居庸关，是京北长城沿线上的著名古关城，"天下九塞"之一，"太行八陉"之八，国家级文物保护单位。

关城所在的峡谷，属太行余脉军都山地，西山夹峙，下有巨涧，悬崖峭壁，地形极为险要。居庸关与紫荆关、倒马关、固关并称明朝京西四大名关，其中居庸关、紫荆关、倒马关又称内三关。

庸关在北京市昌平县境内，形势险要，自古为兵家必争之地。有南北两个关口，南名“南口”，北称“居庸关”。居庸关两旁，山势雄奇，中间有长达18公里的溪谷，俗称“关沟”。这里清流萦绕，翠峰重迭，花木郁茂，山鸟争鸣。绮丽的风景，有“居庸叠翠”之称，被列为“燕京八景”之一。居庸关的中心有一个“过街塔”基座，名“云台”，取其“远望如在云端”之意。云台创建于元至正二至五年(1342一1345年)，是用汉白玉石筑成的，台高9.5米，上顶东西宽25.21米，南北长12.9米;下基东西宽26.84米。南北长15.57米，上小下大，平面呈矩形。台顶四周的石栏杆、望柱、栏板、滴水龙头等建筑，都保持着元代的艺术风格。台基中央有一个门洞，门道可通行人、车、马。云台可谓是元代一座大型的石雕艺术精品。云台上原建有三座白色喇嘛塔，可惜毁于元末明初。此后在台基上建了“泰安寺”，清康熙四十一年(1702年)，寺遭火焚，仅存云台。现在台顶上的柱础，就是明代泰安寺殿字的遗物。

居庸关附近，还有“仙枕石”、“五郎庙”、“六郎寨”、“弹琴峡”、“望京石”、“天险”、“穆桂英点将台”、“詹天佑铜像”等景点，增添了这座雄关的风采。1992年昌平区十三陵特区办事处为保护文物，对关城建筑进行了全面修复，再现了昔日的雄姿。关城附近自然景观十分壮美，早在金明昌年间(公元1190—1195年)“居庸叠翠”之名已列入“燕山八景”。

居庸关在距北京市区50余公里外的昌平县境内。相传秦始皇修长城时，将囚犯、士卒和强征来的民夫徙居于此，后取“徙居庸徒”之意，故名居庸关。汉代沿称，此后各代仍称居庸关口这里山峦间花木郁茂葱笼，仿如碧波翠浪，故有“居庸叠翠”之称。居庸关形势险要，自古为兵家必争之地，它有南北两个关口，南名“南口”，北称“八达岭”。居庸关两旁山势雄奇，中间有长达18公里的溪谷，俗称“关沟”。这里清流萦绕、翠峰重叠、花木郁茂、山鸟争鸣，被列为“燕京八景”之一。

居庸关长城所在的峡谷，属太行余脉军都山地，地形极为险要。早在春秋战国时代，燕国就要扼控此口，时称“居庸塞”。汉朝时，居庸关城已颇具规模。南北朝时，关城建筑又与长城连在一起。此后历唐、辽、金、元数朝，居庸峡谷都有关城之设。

居庸关长城在北京昌平县境内，距北京市区60公里，是长城的一个重要关口，古代北京西北的重要屏障，形势险要。然而，这个汉代关始设立的开口，历尽沧桑，残损严重，渐渐失

居庸关长城(4张)去公众的关注。历时4年、耗资上亿元的居庸关长城修复工程已竣工，居庸关长城已于1998年3月正式对游人开放。

游览居庸关主要是观赏那高六雄伟的关城和连锦起伏的垛口，以及云台精美石雕。

关城：明代居庸关有南北雨个外围关口，南边的叫南口，北边的为八达岭口(北口)，关城就设在南口北边的峡谷(关淆)中。城设南北门，南门筑有瓮城，一条困喉通道穿入南北门。关城两旁高山耸立，重因叠蟑，林木葱郁，早在800多年前的金代，就被列为燕京八景之一，称为「居庸叠翠」。

云台：在关城的中心，有一座雕刻精美的汉白玉石台，名为「云台」，建於元代至正五年(公元1 345年)，原是建筑物的台基，台上先后建有过街塔、泰安寺，现仅存星座。云台的雕刻集中在券门和券洞内。券门雨侧到有金刚杵及各种兽类浮雕，正中刻有金翅鸟王;券洞内壁有四六天王浮雕及汉、藏、回、蒙、梵、西夏6种文字所到的《陀罗尼经咒》和《造塔功德记》。券顶布满曼陀罗花及小佛像，雕刻极为精致。

建筑特点

1.呈圆周封闭形建筑形式;

2.宽窄、高低变化大，最宽16.7米，最窄1.2米。东山长城比河 居庸关长城

套长城高出370米左右。墙体内侧低，外侧高，外侧叫垛口墙，内侧叫女墙或宇墙，可以有效地抗击敌人;

3.建筑结构形式多样，是整个长城建筑的精华，在清理基址时发现有花岗岩条石垒成的，有碎石块砌成的，有砖砌的，说明它的建筑年代不同;

4.军事防御范围广，周围面积50多公顷，南北券城相距约850米左右，东山顶至西山顶直线距离1150米，防御设施有南、北券城、城楼、水门、水闸、敌楼、铺房、烽隧、角楼、炮台等。长城上的敌楼、烽燧、铺房，是古代打仗时作为掩体和士兵居住的地方，共修复了25座，这些按明代规制烧的城砖，都是靠人工、牲畜往上运送材料。高大雄伟的城楼，南北各有一座，楼为三重檐歇山式绿琉璃瓦翦边，高21米，下面城台高10米。城楼是指挥作战的中心，所以建造高大。站在楼上，可以一目了然，有利于观敌情。城台下面有券门通瓮城。瓮城即大城门外的月城，用以增强城池的防御力量。

景点

券城与南北关

南关瓮城呈马蹄形，南关主城门南北走，向上有重檐歇山城楼一座，自地面计算高31.8米，瓮城西侧有瓮城城门通往关城向南的大道，在弧形瓮城城台上设有炮台，陈列着明代古灯，外墙有垛口，内侧墙低矮无垛口。作战时可将敌人诱入瓮城，主城关闭阻其入城，再放瓮城闸门，敌人就被困在瓮城里，只能束手就擒，有“瓮中捉鳖”之意，因此得名瓮城，在瓮城之中建有一座福佑关城的关王庙。北关与南关作用相同，呈长方形的瓮城上设有炮台，瓮城城门朝向北侧，北瓮城中建有北方镇守大神真武庙，庙内供有十二生肖神，水火。

古炮

资料图片在居庸关南券城和北券城城墙之上，分别陈列5门古炮。南券城陈列“大将军铁炮”2门，长1.7米，炮口口径8厘米。“竹节铁炮”3门，长1.7米，炮口口径15厘米;北券城陈列“大将军铁炮”2门，长1.77米和1.79米，炮口口径7厘米。“竹节铁炮”3门;长为1.08米、1.5米、1.7米，炮口口径为14厘米和8厘米。明代是我国古代大炮制铸和使用最兴盛时期。元朝末年，朱元璋起义，和州人焦立向他呈献十支新式武器“火铳”。用火药发射铁弹丸，当时称为“火龙枪”。明朝建立以后，专门设有兵仗军器局，研制铸造大炮。大炮被称为“神威大将军”。在军队中，设有使用大炮的军机营。京城卫戎，长城关口要冲，配备神机营。明成祖时，下令在长城沿线安置大炮。还“佛郎机”“神枪”“铁铳”等。《明史.兵志》记载，到了明代中叶，大炮的铸造工业逐于精良，制造出的“红夷大炮”长可二丈有余，重三千斤。发之洞裂石城，声震数十里。这种炮，有照门和准星用于瞄准，射程可达500多米。在修复居庸关北关城时，发掘出土石炮弹23枚，最大直径为15厘米，铁炮弹6枚，最大直径5厘米。[1]

云台石刻

云台石刻堪称一绝，券门内两侧右壁及顶部遍刻佛像，佛像造型生动，雕刻技艺高超，六种文字的石刻经文、咒语为历史研究提供了难能可贵的资料。据专家考证，石刻造像具有典型的藏传佛教萨迦教派的特征。进入券门两壁刻四大天王像。天王身躯高大，怒目圆睁，并有厉鬼在其左右，是护持佛法，镇守国家四方的尊神。据说明朝正德年间，武宗皇帝朱厚燳微服出游，夜间骑马偷偷混出居庸关时，他的坐骑见到四大天王像，吓得不敢前行。无奈之下武宗下令用烟火把像熏黑了，才得以出关。

券门两壁四天王的空间处，有用梵、藏、八思巴、畏兀儿、西夏、汉等六种文字镌刻的《如来心经》经文、咒语、造塔功德记等，西夏文是纪录我国古代党项族语言的文字，创制于公元1036—1038年间，当时约有六千多字流行。八思巴文是元世祖忽然必烈命其帝师八思巴创立的蒙古新字。它脱胎于藏文，采用拼音的方式书写，并于公元1269年颁诏推行。以上两种文字流传时间很短便废弃不用，而保存下来的石刻文字对破译古代文字，以及研究西夏、蒙古历史都提供了非常珍贵的实物资料。

居庸关

居庸关券门顶部刻有五个曼荼罗，即五组圆形图案式佛像，佛界称其为坛场。坛场的设立有保护众佛修炼铁，防止魔众侵犯的意思。五曼荼罗的主尊佛像，由北往南依次为：释迦牟尼佛(如来佛)、阿弥陀佛(菩萨形)、阿佛(菩萨形)、金刚手菩萨、普明菩萨。其中除释迦牟尼为佛祖之外，其他四菩萨在此显现，则有四方教主的意思。五曼荼罗连同其他佛像，共197尊。

券顶两侧的斜面上，刻有十方佛，在每方佛的周围还分别刻有小佛102座，共计小佛1020座，取共千佛之意。这些小佛，是明朝正统年间，修建泰安寺(1443—1449年)时，由镇守永宁(今延庆县境)的太监谷春主持补刻的。连同十方佛下的菩萨、比丘，券项两侧部共有刻像1060尊。

券门的南北券面上，雕刻着造型独特、别具一格的一组造像，其中有大鹏、鲸鱼、龙子、童男、兽王、象王等等，佛界称其为“六拿具”。大鹏寓意慈悲鲸鱼为保护之相，龙子表示救护之意，童男骑在兽王上自然是寓意福资在天，而象王则有温驯善师的含意，券面最下端的石刻纹饰为交杵,又称羯魔杵、金刚杵。原本为古印度的一种兵器，在此为断烦恼、伏恶魔，护持佛法的法器。鉴于云台刻石造像的历史与文物价值，1961年，经国务院批准，云台刻石造像被列为第一批全国重点保护文物。

真武庙(1996年修复)

明洪熙元年(1425年)建。真武庙所祀主神为真武大帝。真武即玄武，是中国古代神话中的北方之神，道教所奉的神。相传古净乐国王的太子，生而神猛，越东海来游，遇天神授宝剑，入湖北武当山修炼，经42年而功成，白日飞升，威镇北方，号玄武君，宋代皇帝因避其祖赵玄朗名讳，改玄武为“真武”。宋真宗时尊为“镇天真武灵应圣帝君”，简称“真武帝君”。元朝时加封真武为“元圣仁威玄天上帝”，成为北方最高神。明代对真武信仰达到鼎盛。朱棣称帝后，特加封真武为“北极镇天真武玄天上帝”，并将其所谓修炼之地——武当山赐名“大岳太和山”。相传，洪武初大将军徐达北征“屡有真武灵助之”，因而在关内修建此庙。修复的庙内有道教真武神八大元帅、六丁六甲神将、水火二将和青龙、白虎等神像。

城隍庙

这组庙宇规模较大。城隍是道教所传守护城池的神。中国古代称有水的城堑为“池”，无水的城堑为“隍”。据说三千多年前的周代，除夕要祭祀八种神，其中就有城神、隍神。以后两神合二为一，就成为城池之神了。道教认为城隍是剪恶除凶、护城安民之神，能应人之求，旱时降雨，涝时转晴，以保五谷丰登，百姓安泰。

最早是三国东吴时，在安徽芜湖建城隍神庙，以供拜祭。到了唐代，祭祀城隍逐渐普遍，人们把一些在地方有功的开明人士死后奉为城隍神，希望他能继续福佑乡土，保护百姓。宋代祭祀城隍更是遍行各乡。到了明朝，明太祖元璋即位不久，就下令在都城南京修建规模宏大的城隍庙，并颁布城隍神的封号爵级，敕封京城城隍为帝，开封临濠等地的城隍为王;府级城隍为威灵公，官居二品，州级城隍为显佑伯，官居四品，并按照级别，配制服饰。另外，城隍还管领亡魂。朱元璋还为城隍组织了一套机构，设有判官和衙役，道教乘机声称“城隍老爷”有权拘捕活人到阴间，死人的阴魂也都首先到城隍庙去接受审问。新官上任必须斋戒沐浴去祭祀城隍庙后，方得进衙理事，每月初一、十五还得前往祭拜。

朱元璋如此重视城隍神是有他的目的的。朱元璋曾对大学士宋濂透露过心里话：“朕立城隍神，使人知畏，人有所畏，则不敢妄为”。说穿了，大肆鼓吹神鬼的威力，不过是震慑臣民，目的是巩固封建统治。居庸关的城隍庙建于明洪武年间(1368-1397年)。清代乾隆三十年(1765年)重修。在这里建置城隍庙除为了护佑关城外，还有约束军民的用意。这次修复是1996年，庙内塑有城隍、阎王、山神、地神等神像。

水门

居庸关地形险要两侧高山，中间一水，水道，南北方向贯穿关城。长城与河道交叉之处，建有双孔圆拱水门，水门上有闸楼，内设水闸，借此控制门内外水量。洪水季节打开闸口，泻洪，枯水季节，储备河水供关城使用。水门桥墩为南北尖状，以利于减少洪水对水门的作用力，起到了防止毁坏，延长使用时间的作用。

各位游客，你们好!现在我们要游览的是万里长城。

远看长城，它像一条长龙，在崇山峻岭之间蜿蜒盘旋。从东头的山海关到西头的嘉峪关，有一万三千多里。

从北京出发，不过一百多里就来到长城脚下。这一段长城修筑在八达岭上，高大坚固，是用巨大的条石和城砖筑成的。城墙顶上铺着方砖，十分平整，像很宽的马路，五六匹马可以并行。城墙外沿有两米高的成排的垛子，垛子上有方形的瞭望口和射口，供瞭望和射击用。城墙顶上，每隔三百米就有一座城台，是屯兵的堡垒。打仗时，城台之间可以互相呼应。

站在长城上，扶着墙上的条石，走着许多陡峭的台阶，很自然地想起古代修筑长城的劳动人民来。单看这地面上的条石，一块差不多哟两三千斤重，那时候没有火车，汽车，没有举重机，就靠着无数的肩膀无数的手一步一步地抬起这陡峭的山岭。多少劳动人民的血汗和智慧才凝结成这前不见头，后不见尾的长城。

听了我的介绍，你们是不是很想登上长城呢?不过，不能在长城乱丢垃圾哦!

更多长城导游词范文推荐阅读★★★★★：

大家好!欢迎你们的到来!我是本次行程的导游，大家可以叫我X导。今天我们游览的是八达岭长城，希望我的服务能让您多一份欢乐。现在由我来介绍一下长城。

春秋战国时期，各国为了互相防御，在各自的边界上修筑了长城。我国修筑长城的历史上有三座高峰，分别是秦长城、汉长城和明长城。秦始皇统一中国后，将分散的长城连了起来，成为中国历史上第一道万里长城。汉武帝为了加强防御，“不教胡马度阴山”，从而修筑了一条近两万里的长城。因此，汉朝是中国历史上修筑长城最长的朝代。

我们已经到长城脚下了，大家一起来登长城吧!现在你们看到的这段高大坚固的长城是修筑在八达岭上的，用巨大的条石和城砖筑成。它东起山海关，西至嘉峪关，全长一万三千多里，所以叫万里长城。城墙顶上铺着方砖，就像一条宽阔的马路。在这里，五六匹马可以并行。城墙外沿有两米多高的垛子，大家看，每一个垛子上都有方形的瞭望口和射口，是供打仗时瞭望和射击用的。看了这些，也听了我的讲解，大家是不是觉得我国古代劳动人民非常聪明呢?城墙顶上，大家快看，每隔三百多米就有一座方形的城台，是屯兵的堡垒。游客们，你们可能不知道，打仗的时候，城台之间还可以互相呼应呢!

长城是我国古代劳动人民血汗和智慧的结晶。当年秦始皇修筑长城的时候，动用了近百万的劳动力，占全国人口的三分之一。当时没有任何机械，全部劳动都靠人力。而工作环境又是崇山峻岭、峭壁深壑，由此大家不难想象，必是以无数劳动人民的血汗和智慧，才筑成了这气魄雄伟的万里长城……

好了，现在大家可以自由活动，一览长城的壮伟，并于X点在XX处集合，希望大家玩的愉快!

The Great Wall, like the Pyramids of Egypt, the Taj Mahal(1) in India and the Hanging Garden of Babylon(2), is one of the great wonders of the world. Starting out in the east on the banks of the Yalu River in Liaoning Province, the Wall stretches westwards for 12,700 kilometers to Jiayuguan in the Gobi desert, thus known as the Ten Thousand Li Wall in China. The Wall climbs up and down, twists and turns along the ridges of the Yanshan and Yinshan Mountain Chains through five provinces-Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Gansu--and two autonomous regions--Ningxia and Inner Mongolia, binding the northern China together.

Historical records trace the construction of the origin of the Wall to defensive fortification back to the year 656 B.C. during the reign of King Cheng of the States of Chu. Its construction continued throughout the Warring States period in the fifth Century B.C. when ducal states Yan, Zhao, Wei, and Qin were frequently plundered by the nomadic peoples living north of the Yinshan and Yanshan mountain ranges. Walls, then, were built separately by these ducal states to ward off such harassments.

Later in 221 B.C., when Qin conquered the other states and unified China, Emperor Qinshihuang ordered the connection of these individual walls and further extensions to form the basis of the present great wall. As a matter of fact, a separate outer wall was constructed north of the Yinshan range in the Han Dynasty(206 BC--1644 BC.), which went to ruin through years of neglect. In the many intervening centuries, succeeding dynasties rebuilt parts of the Wall. The most extensive reinforcements and renovations were carried out in the Ming Dynasty (1368--1644) when altogether 18 lengthy stretches were reinforced with bricks and rocks. it is mostly the Ming Dynasty Wall that visitors see today. The Great Wall is divided into two sections, the east and west, with Shanxi Province as the dividing line. The west part is a rammed earth construction, about 5.3 meters high on average. In the eastern part, the core of the Wall is rammed earth as well, but the outer shell is reinforced with bricks and rocks. The most imposing and best preserved sections of the Great Wall are at Badaling and Mutianyu, not far from Beijing and both are open to visitors. The Wall of those sections is 7.8 meters high and 6.5 meters wide at its base, narrowing to 5.8 meters on the ramparts, wide enough for five horses to gallop abreast. There are ramparts, embrasures, peep-holes and apertures for archers on the top, besides gutters with gargoyles to drain rain-water off the parapet walk. Two-storied watch-towers are built at approximately 400-meters internals. The top stories of the watch-tower were designed for observing enemy movements, while the first was used for storing grain, fodder, military equipment and gunpowder as well as for quartering garrison soldiers. The highest watch-tower at Badaling standing on a hill-top, is reached only after a steep climb, like "climbing a ladder to heaven". The view from the top is rewarding, hoverer. The Wall follows the contour of mountains that rise one behind the other until they finally fade and merge with distant haze. A signal system formerly existed that served to communicate military information to the dynastic capital. This consisted of beacon towers on the Wall itself and on mountain tops within sight of the Wall. At the approach of enemy troops, smoke signals gave the alarm from the beacon towers in the daytime and bonfire did this at night.

Emergency signals could be relayed to the capital from distant places within a few hour long before the invention of anything like modern communications. There stand 14 major passes (Guan, in Chinese) at places of strategic importance along the Great Wall, the most important being Shanghaiguan and Jiayuguan. Yet the most impressive one is Juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of Beijing. Known as "Tian Xia Di YI Guan" (The First Pass Under Heaven), Shanghaiguan Pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north China with the northeast. It had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here. It was the gate of Shanghaiguan that the Ming general Wu Sangui opened to the Manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by Li Zicheng and so surrendered the whole Ming empire to the Manchus, leading to the foundation of the Qing Dynasty. (1644-1911) Jiayuguan Pass was not so much as the "Strategic pass Under the Heaven" as an important communication center in Chinese history. Cleft between the snow-capped Qilian Mountains and the rolling Mazong Mountains, it was on the ancient Silk Road. Zhang Qian, the first envoy of Emperor Wu Di of the Western Han dynasty (206 B.C-24 A.D), crossed it on his journey to the western regions. Later, silk flowed to the west through this pass too. The gate-tower of Jiayuguan is an attractive building of excellent workmanship. It has an inner city and an outer city, the former square in shape and surrounded by a wall 11.7 meters high and 730 meters in circumference. It has two gates, an eastern one and a western one.

On each gate sits a tower facing each other. the four corners of the wall are occupied by four watch towers, one for each. Juyongguan, a gateway to ancient Beijing from Inner Mongolia, was built in a 15-kilometer long ravine flanked by mountains. The cavalrymen of Genghis Khan swept through it in the 13th century. At the center of the pass is a white marble platform named the Cloud terrace, which was called the Crossing-Street Dagoba, since its narrow arch spanned the main street of the pass and on the top of the terrace there used to be three stone dagobas, built in the Yuan Daynasty(1206-1368). At the bottom of the terrace is a half-octagonal arch gateway, interesting for its wealth of detail: it is decorated with splendid images of Buddha and four celestial guardians carved on the walls. The vividness of their expressions is matched by the exquisite workmanship. such grandiose relics works, with several stones pieced together, are rarely seen in ancient Chinese carving. The gate jambs bear a multi-lingual Buddhist sutra, carved some 600 years ago in Sanskrit(3), Tibetan, Mongolian, Uigur(4), Han Chinese and the language of Western Xia. Undoubtedly, they are valuable to the study of Buddhism and ancient languages. As a cultural heritage, the Wall belongs not only to China but to the world. The Venice charter says: "Historical and cultural architecture not only includes the individual architectural works, but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations, significant social developments or historical events." The Great Wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world. In 1987, the Wall was listed by UNESCO as a world cultural heritage site.

Notes:1. the Taj Mahal in India 印度的泰姬陵2. the Hanging Garden of Babylon 巴比伦的空中花园3. Sanskrit 梵语4. Uigur 维吾尔语

There stand 14 major passes (Guan, in Chinese) at places of strategic importance along the Great Wall, the most important being Shanghaiguan and Jiayuguan. Yet the most impressive one is Juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of Beijing.

Known as "Tian Xia Di YI Guan" (The First Pass Under Heaven), Shanghaiguan Pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north China with the northeast. It had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here. It was the gate of Shanghaiguan that the Ming general Wu Sangui opened to the Manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by Li Zicheng and so surrendered the whole Ming empire to theManchus, leading to the foundation of the Qing Dynasty. (1644-1911)

Jiayuguan Pass was not so much as the "Strategic pass Under the Heaven" as an important communication center in Chinese history. Cleft between the snow-capped Qilian Mountains and the rolling Mazong Mountains, it was on the ancient Silk Road. Zhang Qian, the first envoy of Emperor Wu Di of the Western Han dynasty (206 B.C-24 A.D), crossed it on his journey to the western regions. Later, silk flowed to the west through this pass too. The gate-tower of Jiayuguan is an attractive building of excellent workmanship. It has an inner city and an outer city, the former square in shape and surrounded by a wall 11.7 meters high and 730 meters in circumference. It has two gates, an eastern one and a western one. On each gate sits a tower facing each other. the four corners of the wall are occupied by four watch towers, one for each.

Juyongguan, a gateway to ancient Beijing from Inner Mongolia, was built in a 15-kilometer long ravine flanked by mountains. The cavalrymen of Genghis Khan swept through it in the 13th century. At the center of the pass is a white marble platform named the Cloud terrace, which was called the Crossing-Street Dagoba, since its narrow arch spanned the main street of the pass and on the top of the terrace there used to be three stone dagobas, built in the Yuan Daynasty(1206-1368). At the bottom of the terrace is a half-octagonal arch gateway, interesting for its wealth of detail: it is decorated with splendid images of Buddha and four celestial guardians carved on the walls. The vividness of their expressions is matched by the exquisite workmanship. such grandiose relics works, with several stones pieced together, are rarely seen in ancient Chinese carving. The gate jambs bear a multi-lingual Buddhist sutra, carved some 600 years ago in Sanskrit(3), Tibetan, Mongolian, Uigur(4), Han Chinese and the language of Western Xia. Undoubtedly, they are valuable to the study of Buddhism and ancient languages.

As a cultural heritage, the Wall belongs not only to China but to the world. The Venice charter says: "Historical and cultural architecture not only includes the individual architectural works, but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations, significant social developments or historical events." The Great Wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world. In 1987, the Wall was listed by UNESCO as a world cultural heritage site.

Hello! Hello, Im the guide of lollipop travel agency. My surname is Lou,and my name is Zifan. Please call me Xiaolou! Today we are going to travel theGreat Wall. I hope you will have a good time with me.

Beijing has Badaling Great Wall, Mutianyu Great Wall, Juyongguan GreatWall, Jiankou great wall and Simatai Great Wall. Today, we are going to climbJuyongguan Great Wall.

The perimeter of Juyongguan Great Wall is more than 4000 meters, which isonly a part of the Great Wall! From Shanhaiguan in the east to Jiayuguan in thewest, the Great Wall is more than 13000 Li. It is said that when the firstemperor of Qin built the Great Wall, he moved prisoners, soldiers and civilservants who had been forced to come here. Later, it was named Juyongguanbecause of the meaning of "moving to Yongtu". Because of its lush trees,brilliant flowers and beautiful scenery, it is called "Juyong jucui".

Lets first come to "the worlds first Xiongguan". This is a stone tabletwith the words "the worlds first Xiongguan". There are two "the worlds firstXiongguan" in China. One is Jiayu pass, the key point of the Great Wall, and theother is Juyong Pass. Originally, Juyong Pass was not "the worlds firstXiongguan". Because this section of the Great Wall is a very important pass, itwas later called "the worlds first Xiongguan" If you are interested, you cantake a picture, but please hurry up. You are going to climb the Great Walllater.

Lets keep up and climb the Great Wall. The Great Wall is very steep. Payattention to safety. You see, this kind of uneven wall is called a crenel. Ithas a lookout and a shooting port for lookout and shooting. See those citystations? Its a garrison fortress. Whenever there is a war, the injuredsoldiers can do temporary treatment in it.

Next, we come to the city platform, you can go in and visit the ancientcity platform, pay attention not to scribble, this is the ancient historicalrelics!

Come on, its the top! Its cool and comfortable here. Why is the greatwall broken? Its disconnected because of the obstruction of mountains andrivers. Lets have a rest and meet in half an hour.

This is the end of todays journey. I hope you have a better understandingof the Great Wall after listening to my explanation. Goodbye!

汽车停在山脚下，我们顺着石级，快步登上了长城。这一段长城修筑在八达岭上，是用巨大的条石和城砖筑成的，高大坚固。城墙顶上铺着方砖，十分平整，像很宽的马路，五六匹马可以并行。城墙外沿有两米多高的成排的垛子，垛子上有方形的了望口和射口，供了望和射击用。城墙顶上，每隔几百米就有一座方形的城台.老师告诉我们，这是烽火台，也是士兵的堡垒。打仗的时候，城台之间可以互相呼应。

站在长城上，踏着脚下的方砖，抚摸着墙上的条石，我想起了古代修筑长城的劳动人民.那时候没有火车，汽车，没有起重机，那数不清的条石方砖，就靠着无数的肩膀无数的手，艰难地抬上这陡峭的山岭。多少劳动人民的血汗和智慧，才凝结成这前不见头，后不见尾的万里长城。

这样浩大的工程，不能不说是一个伟大的奇迹。

大家好，我是东方旅行社的一个导游。我姓王，大家可以叫我王导，如果您乐意，就叫我小王。下面，我们要去八达岭长城观光游赏，请不要破坏长城的一砖一草。希望我的服务能让您的旅途多一份欢乐，也希望您能玩得开心，玩得尽兴。

我们从北京出发，不过几十公里就到长城脚下。远看长城，像一条长龙，在崇山峻岭之间蜿蜒盘旋。从东头的山海关到西头的嘉峪关，有一万三千多里呢。请大家在陡峭的地方一定抓紧栏杆，脚底不要踩空，注意安全。

我们现在脚下踩的这一段长城修筑在八达岭上，高大坚固，是用巨大的条石和城砖筑成的。你们看，城墙顶上铺着方砖，十分平整，像很宽的马路，五六匹马可以并行。城墙外沿有两米多高的成排的垛子，垛子上有方形的?望口和射口，是古代打仗时供?望和射击用的。我们现在来到了一座方形的城台，就是屯兵的堡垒。大家注意到了，每隔三百多米就有一座这样的城台，打仗的时候，城台之间可以互相呼应。

我们站在长城上，踏着脚下的方砖，扶着墙上的条石，会很自然地想起古代修筑长城的劳动人民来。美国前总统尼克松就说过：“只有一个伟大的民族，才能造得出这样一座伟大的长城!”确实，修筑这长城的人民是伟大的。单看这数不清的条石，一块有两三千斤重。可能有的游客以为那时候已经有现代机器了，其实那时候没有火车、汽车，没有起重机，就靠着无数的肩膀无数的手，一步一步地抬上这陡峭的山岭。

长城是一个伟大的工程，在世界历史上是一个伟大的奇迹。有一个传说，讲的就是一对青年男女刚结婚的第三天，男的就被抓去修长城，不几天就被压死了。这足以说明修长城的人不几天就可能死了。所以说，那时多少劳动人民的血汗和智慧，才凝结成这前不见头、后不见尾的万里长城。

刚才大家爬长城有些累了，现在，大家可以自由活动，一会儿在这块石碑前集合。如果你们有问题，可以现在问我。就请大家在这块石碑旁边拍照，给您的长城之旅留下美好的回忆吧!

各位游客好!我姓林，叫我林导游，今天去的景点叫长城，希望大家会喜欢这个地方。 现在我给你们介绍一下长城，长城1987年12月被列为世界文化遗产，7月7日成为世界新七大奇迹之一。长城从东边的山海关到西边的嘉峪关，共有一万多千米，你们肯定走不到尾的。长城是用整齐的方砖和条石建筑而成的。城墙顶上铺着方砖十分整齐，像宽阔的马路，五六匹马可以共行。城墙外沿有两三米的成排垛子，垛子有方形的了望口和射口，提供了望和射击用。城墙顶上，每一段距离就有一座方形的城台，是屯兵的好帮手。

现在，我们站在长城上，大家看这数不清的条石，一块就有三千公斤重，那时没有火车、汽车等，就靠着无数的肩膀和手，一步一步抬上去的，多少劳动人民血汗和智慧，才建筑而成这前不见头、后不见尾的万里长城。踏着脚下的方砖，扶着条石，我们理所当然地想起古代修筑长城的劳动人民来。 说到长城我给大家讲一个民间故事：古代有个叫孟姜女的妇人，她的丈夫被秦始皇捉去修建长城了。过了很久的一段时间，还没回来。于是她就找到长城。到了长城，她得知丈夫早就累死在长城上了。孟姜女伤心的大哭，哭了三天三夜，把长城哭倒了一大片。怎么样，大家听了这个故事是不是很感人啊，这就是有名的《孟姜女哭长城》。现在就让大家一起自己去看看这伟大的长城吧! 一个小时大家在这里集合。在玩中可以用相机留下自己美好的身影，但是请不要在墙上乱涂乱画，乱扔塑料袋、矿泉水瓶、废纸、果皮等垃圾。让我们共同维护祖先留下的遗产和美丽的名胜名地吧!

欢迎到金山岭长城观光旅游。也许您每天都会在中央电视台《新闻联播》前的国歌声中，看到长城的雄姿。那就是金山岭长城。金山岭长城，位于河北省滦平县与北京市密云县交界处，距北京市133公里，距承德市87公里，西起龙峪口，东至望京楼，全长10.5公里，沿线设有大小关隘5处、敌楼67座、烽火台2座。1981年1月被国务院定为全国重点文物保护单位，1991年被国家定为一级旅游景点、国家级风景区，并于1987年被联合国教科文组织确定为世界文化遗产。

“万里长城，金山独秀。”

就让我们一起去观赏被专家们誉为万里长城中最精彩的一段——金山岭长城吧。

（停车场至砖垛口的路上）

北齐天保七年（556年）金山岭一带最早出现了长城，由北齐的第一个皇帝高洋下令修建，主要是为了阻挡北方柔然等游牧民族对北齐的进攻，保证边境的安全。当时的长城为土石结构，单调低矮。十五世纪中叶，北方蒙古族的鞑靼、朵颜等部落，看到明王朝国力逐渐衰弱，就乘机南侵，威胁京都。为了保证京都的安全，明王朝决定重修这段对京都有着重要意义的长城。隆庆元年（1567年）秋天，明穆宗朱载垕将抗倭名将戚继光由南方调到北方，担任蓟镇总兵，负责包括金山岭长城在内的600公里的长城沿线的防务。但戚继光初到北方时，是有职无权，他先是想训练一支北方的“戚家军”，由于朝中有人阻挠而未能实现。非常现实的戚继光在求“攻”不得的情况下改为“守”。隆庆二年（1568年），戚继光到蓟州上任后，马上到长城沿线巡查，他发现蓟镇长城都比较低薄，在许多险要的地段，只有单墙，而且有不少地方已经坍塌。这样的长城，根本不符合作战的需要。于是他上报朝廷，要求加固和扩建蓟镇长城。隆庆三年（1569年），戚继光的弟弟戚继美率一支沂州兵到蓟镇戍守。戚继光奏请朝廷后，让这支部队在金山岭驻扎下来，负责搞示范工程。戚继美带领沂州士兵，在金山岭上修长城、筑敌台。7座最早的空心敌台在金山岭的长城沿线上建立起来，蓟镇长城的加固、扩建工程全面顺利展开。在戚继光任职的十六年间，基本完成了这一浩大的工程。以后几十年的时间里，明王朝又不断调兵修缮，使之成为一道城墙高耸、战垒林立、能攻能守的坚固防线。

戚继光在修建长城过程中，依据“因地制宜，用险制塞”的建筑思想，山势低矮处，加高城墙，山势高峻处，修建敌楼，个别地方加修了障墙、支墙、挡马墙，全部为砖石结构或砖石木结构，使这段长城设施完备、构筑牢固、布局严谨、可攻可守。经专家鉴定，金山岭长城是我国万里长城的精华之所在。

障墙、文字砖、挡马墙，被誉为金山岭长城的“三绝”。

（砖垛口）

砖垛口，清代史料称为“砖垛关”，一般是游人登临长城的第一站。

砖垛口始建于明初洪武年间，隆庆年间由戚继光主持重修，高2.3米，宽1.6米，西距古北口4公里。虽然规模不大，但其战略位置十分重要，历来为兵家必争之地。从砖垛口一带发现的火炮、石礌、铁蛋丸、箭头等武器来看，明朝时这里的战事是十分频繁的。1933年，张学良的部队曾在这里与日本侵略军进行过激烈的战斗。1948年夏天，北京解放前夕，我们的解放军强攻古北失利，就从砖垛口和龙峪口等关口突破，包抄了古北口反动派守军的后路，很快攻下了古北口。

（砖垛口至东方台）

细心的朋友会在长城上发现一些独特有趣的东西。

我们脚下的马道，由方砖铺面，可容六、七人并行。坡度大的地方，又用砖砌成了梯形台阶，走起来十分方便，又不致于滑倒。这些地方的城墙有里外两层，里面一层高1.5米，叫宇墙，又叫女儿墙，外面一层高2米，叫垛口墙。在垛口墙上，每隔一米多远便设一个垛口，供士兵射击来犯之敌。在宇墙和垛口墙，设有上、中、下三层射击孔，可供士兵采取站、跪、卧三种姿势射击敌人。大家注意一下，每个垛口都有一个小洞，它有两个作用：一是插军旗助威，或以旗来传递信号；二是明代从国外引进了一种叫佛郎枪的武器，佛郎枪下面有轴，把轴插在小洞内，可转动做扇面射击。在垛口墙贴近马道的地方，每隔二三米便有一个砖砌排水沟，排水沟靠内侧一端设有吐水嘴，防止排泄出去的水冲刷侵蚀墙体；靠外侧一端修有礌石孔，也叫悬眼，用来施放礌石，打击敌人。这些都是金山岭长城建筑的独到之处。

（东方台）

大家熟悉的中央电视台《新闻联播》之前的片头语长城和“传承文明，开拓创新”广告语的背景长城，都是在这里拍摄的。自1986年金山岭长城开放以来，先后有100多部影视的剧组和许多广告单位来金山岭取景。这是长城的骄傲，更是金山岭的骄傲。

金山岭长城开放以来，党和国家的领导人多次前来视察，先后有130多个国家和地区的驻华使节观光游览。北京丽都、王府、凯宾斯基等几十家大饭店多次在这里举办越野攀登、烟花晚会、篝火晚会等文体娱乐活动。1998年9月，来自13个国家的“雷励远征计划”活动的160多人在此举行大型酒会，热烈的气氛、圆满的结果，更是把金山岭长城的名字传到了五湖四海。

1992年11月15日11点35分，当身穿鲜红色摩托服的“亚洲飞人”柯受良驾驶着白色雅玛哈250型摩托车，凌空一跃，金山岭长城就随着几百只白鸽和无数支彩球飞进了全世界人民的心中。我们西侧的西方台就是当年柯受良飞跃长城的地方。1995年10月6日，一对瑞典青年也在那里按中国风俗举办了隆重的婚礼。他们希望自己的婚姻能够像长城一样牢固可靠。

好了，我们继续前行。

大家看前面山脊上那截特殊的长城，它叫支墙，在长城的其他地方是难得一见的。它与前面的库房楼相通，是库房楼的第一道防线。遇有敌人入侵，支墙上的守军与敌人率先交火，万一抵挡不住，可凭借支墙边打边退，直到撤至库房楼。

支墙北面200米的两侧山头上，各有一座圆形的墩台，那就是烽火台，也叫烽燧，是古时候传递军情或报警使用的。一旦有情况，白天放烟，称为燧；夜里点火，称为烽。

（障墙）

这种障墙，是金山岭长城特有的设施，修在敌楼附近，横着在马道上筑起一道道短墙，高2.5米左右，长大约是马道宽的三分之二，形同一道道的屏障。障墙上有了望孔和射击孔，一旦敌人攻上长城，守军可据守障墙，进行抵抗和反击。怎么样，金山岭长城的设计够完善的吧？

游客们，今天我带领你们游览古代历史文物——长城。

俗话说：不到长城就等于没到中国，不到金字塔，就等于没来到埃及!这一段长城修筑在地势险要的八达岭上。远看长城，它像一条长龙，在崇山峻岭之间蜿蜒盘旋。请看，长城的城墙顶上铺着方砖，十分平整，城墙外沿有两米多高的垛子。垛子上有方形的瞭望口和射口，供瞭望和射击用。

你们知道吗?原来长城不止一座，而是无数座。当秦始皇统一中国后，把世界上所有的长城连贯起来，组成一个巨大的防御系统。打仗时候，放一鸣炮，表示敌军有五百多人。放二鸣炮，表示敌军有一千多人。三鸣炮，表示敌军有一万多人。这就是长城在打仗时候的作用。

游客们长城是中华民族的智慧和血汗才换来的，我们要珍惜它!

大家好我是石导游，今天我们去的是长城。

长城是世界七大奇迹之一。远看长城像一条长龙，在嵩山峻岭之间蜿蜒盘旋。

每隔三百多米就有一座方形的城台，是屯兵的堡垒。打仗的时候，城台之间可以互相呼应。

站在长城上，踏着脚下的方砖，扶着墙上的条石，很自然地想起古代修筑长城的劳动人民来。单看这数不清的条石，一快有两三千斤重，那时候没有火车、汽车、没有起重机，就靠着无数的肩膀无数的手，一步一步地抬上这陡峭的山岭。多少劳动人民的血汗和智慧，游客们!现在我们已经开始顺势走下长城。游客们!踏着这方砖，才凝结成这前不见头、后不见尾的万里长城。

这样气魄雄伟的工程，在世界历史上是一个伟大的奇迹，这就是万里长城。

列位旅客：

各人好!接待各人到八达岭景区参观旅游。本日有幸陪同各人一路旅行，我很兴奋，望各能在八达岭渡过一段柔美的年华。

长城是天下有名的事迹之一，它像一条巨龙盘踞在中国北方的广漠的土地上。它是中国古代庖感人民血法的结晶，也是中国古代文化的象征和中华民族的自满。在春秋战国时期，我国古代人民就已经开始建筑长城了，谁人时辰诸侯争霸，为了掩护本身的领地不被加害，以是在各自的界线上纷纷修筑了长城，叫做互防长城。我国曾经呈现了三个修筑长城的岑岭，别离是秦长城，汉长城，明长城。秦始皇在公元前221年同一华夏，成立了秦王朝，为了防止北方游牧民族的入侵，将原本北方的燕、赵、秦长城连了起来，并加以扩充，历时9年修筑了一条西起临洮东到辽东联贯万里的长城，这也就是中国汗青上第一道万里长城。

汉武帝也是为了增强防止，“不叫胡马度阴山”，修筑了一条近两万里的长城，明朝大局限修筑长城到达了18次之多，全长6350公里。明长城具备三个特点，筑构完整，打点完美，机关精密。而我们本日所看到的八达岭长城就是明长城的一部门。闻名的民间传说：狼烟戏诸侯和孟姜女哭长城也是产生在万里长城上的。现在，长城在颠末屡次修整之后，根基规复了以往的面孔，在1987年被连系国教科文组织列入《天下文化遗产名录》。

旅客们，我们已经来到了闻名的八达岭长城，你们向远处看，它像一条长龙在崇山峻岭之间蜿蜓回旋，景致异常壮观。我们各人一路来登长城吧!你们看，这城墙高峻健壮，是用庞大的条石和城砖筑成的，一块有两三千斤重。城墙外沿成排的垛子，有两米多高，垛子上这是方形的瞭望口和射口，供瞭望和射击用。前线一座座方形的构筑是城台，每隔三百多米就有一座，是其时屯兵的碉堡。接触的时辰，城台之间可以相互呼应。这些构筑是古代庖感人民靠着无数的肩膀无数的手制作而成的，它凝结着几多劳感人民的血汗和伶俐。我国第一代率领人毛泽东在《清平乐·六盘山》一词中写道：“天高云淡，望断南飞雁。不到长城非俊杰，屈指行程二万。……”天下友人也慕名而来旅行赏识，对长城举办高度的歌颂。美国前总统里根：“长城是天下上最巨大的事迹之一，确实令人激昂。人们在上面爬坡都感想吃力，可以想象昔时制作长城时必要什么样的伶俐和力气。

本日的长城，早已失去军事代价，而以其特有的魅力，吸引着宽大中外旅客，成为全球有名的旅游胜地。跟着旅游业的成长，长城这一中华民族的象征，全天下重要的文化遗产，会抖擞出新的朝气。以更优质的旅游处事、更美妙的旅游情形欢迎着各人的到来!

长城英文导游词精选

下面是关于长城的英文导游词。希望对大家有帮助!

长城英文导游词

In the north of China， there lies a 6，700-kilometer-long (4，161-mile-long) ancient wall. Now well-known as the Great Wall of China， it starts at the Jiayuguan Paof Gansu Province in the west and ends at the Shanhaiguan Paof Hebei Province in the east. As one of the Eight Wonders in the world， the Great Wall of China has become the symbol of the Chinese nation and its culture.

Lots of beautiful legends and stories about the Great Wall took place following along the construction， and since that time these stories have spread around the country. Those that happened during construction are abundant， such as Meng Jiangnu‘s story and the legend of the Jiayuguan Pass. Meng Jiangnu‘s story is the most famous and widely spread of all the legends about the Great Wall. The story happened during the Qin Dynasty (221BC-206BC). It tells of how Meng Jiangnu‘s bitter weeping made a section of the Great Wall collapse. Meng Jiangnu‘s husband Fan Qiliang was caught by federal officials and sent to build the Great Wall. Meng Jiangnu heard nothing from him after his departure， so she set out to look for him. Unfortunately， by the time she reached the great wall， she discovered that her husband had already died. Hearing the bad news， she cried her heart out. Her howl caused the collapse of a part of the Great Wall. This story indicates that the Great Wall is the production of tens of thousands of Chinese commoners.

Another legend about the Jiayuguan Patells of a workman named Yi Kaizhan in the Ming Dynasty (1368BC-1644BC) who was proficient in arithmetic. He calculated that it would need 99，999 bricks to build the Jiayuguan Pass. The supervisor did not believe him and said if they miscalculated by even one brick， then all the workmen would be punished to do hard work for three years. After the completion of the project， one brick was left behind the Xiwong city gate. The supervisor was happy at the sight of the brick and ready to punish them. However Yi Kaizhan said with deliberation that the brick was put there by a supernatural being to fix the wall. A tiny move would cause the collapse of the wall. Therefore the brick was kept there and never moved. It can still be found there today on the tower of the Jiayuguan Pass.

In addition to the above-mentioned stories about the construction of the Great Wall， there are also plenty of stories about current scenic spots. A famous one is the legend of the Beacon Tower. This story happened during the Western Zhou Dynasty (11th century BC-711 BC). King You had a queen named Bao Si， who was very pretty. King You liked her very much， however Bao Si never smiled. An official gave a suggestion that setting the beacon tower on fire would frighten the King‘s subjects， and might make the queen smile. King You liked the idea. The subjects were fooled and Bao Si smiled at the sight of the chaos. Later enemies invaded Western Zhou， King You set the beacon tower on fire to ask for help. No subjects came to help because they had been fooled once before. Thus， King Zhou was killed by the enemy and Western Zhou came to an end.

Beautiful stories and legends about the Great Wall help to keep alive Chinese history and culture. In each dynasty after the building of the Great Wall， many more stories were created and spread.

大家好!我是你们的导游。大家在游览长城时，请不要再城墙上乱涂乱画，不能乱扔垃圾，一定要做一个文明游客。

现在我们已经来到了长城。看，这一段长城修筑在八达岭上，高大坚固，是用巨大的条石和城砖筑成的。城墙顶上铺着方砖，十分平整，是不是像很宽的马路呢?城墙外沿有两米多高的成排的垛子，垛子上有方形的?望口和射击口，供?望和射击用。请大家看，城墙顶上每隔三百多米就有一座方形的城台，那就是屯兵的堡垒。打仗的时候，城台之间可以互相呼应。

各位旅客：

大家好，今天我是你们的导游，我是南湖国旅的金牌导游，我叫胡宇栋，就叫我胡导吧。今天我要带大家去四川省的黄龙山。

四川黄龙山高约4000千米，那里有原始森林，四周有许多原始的植物和不知名的动物。今天，我要重点给大家介绍黄龙山的五彩池。五彩池的水在灿烂的阳光下，颜色变得千变万化，有的是天蓝色的，有的是柠檬黄的，有的是右边却成了橄榄绿的。可是把水舀起来看，又跟普通的清水一样，什么颜色都没有。因为池底长着石笋在阳光照射下，他们就会有黄色﹑绿色﹑红色……所以才会有五颜六色的色彩。

这里的水池有的不足一亩，有的用小拇指就可以触到池底，有的伸一个手就可以触到池底。池边是金黄色的石粉凝成的，把大大小小的小池围成各种不同的形状。

温馨提示，上山后请大家不要破坏原始森林，不要在水池随地乱丢垃圾，不要快速的奔跑，否则，容易发生意外。

黄龙山都有美丽的景色，说也说不尽，希望你有机会去细细游赏。

各位游客，你们好，欢迎来到八达岭长城。今天由我为大家做导游，在这里祝大家玩得开心，玩得高兴!

八达岭长城是我国古代伟大的防御工程——万里长城的一部分，始建于弘治十八年，该地段地势险峻，又居高临下，是明代最重要的关隘和北京最重要的屏障。

请各位游客往远处看，八达岭长城蜿蜒于崇山峻岭之中，依山而建，高低起伏，曲折绵延。八达岭长城位于居庸关外口，有东西两座关门，东称“居庸外镇”西称“北门锁钥”。我们把目光转到脚下这段长城，东窄西宽，城墙高低不一，平均约高7、5米，顶宽约6米，可容五马并驰，或十个人并行。该段长城的墙体是采用整齐而巨大的条石建成，有的条石长达2米;重有数百斤。内部填满了石块和泥土，墙顶地面铺满了方砖，十分平整。墙顶外筑有高1、7米的垛子，上有了望口，下有射击口，内侧建有宇墙。城墙每隔一段，就筑有一个堡垒式的方形城台。城台有高有低，高的是敌楼，是守望和军士住的地方。地的叫墙台，高度与城墙差不多，但突出墙外，四周有垛口，是巡逻和放哨的地方。在制高点上还设有烟墩(dūn)，即烽火台，是古代传递警讯的设施。

从1995年10月1日起，每周末，八达岭长城从南到北四烽火台1200米距离内，650多盏彩灯同时亮起灿烂的灯光。到时大家不要错过这次机会呦!

最后友情提示一下各位：长城有上千年历史，大家都知道它被列为“文化遗产”，所以请不要在长城上乱扔垃圾，乱涂乱画。好了，祝大家玩得开心!谢谢大家。

Fellow tourists, now our automobile is going on the Badaling highway,must enter the Badaling scenic area immediately which soon visits.Front that mountain is the Jundu, the Badaling Great Wall occupies onthis mountain. In the Spring and Autumn Period Warring States time,our country ancient times the people on already started to constructthe Great Wall, at that time the feudal lord strove for hegemony, inorder to protect own territory not to encroach, therefore hasconstructed the Great Wall in abundance in respective boundary, wascalled mutually guards against the Great Wall.

But our country once appeared three to construct the Great Wall thepeak, respectively was the Qin Great Wall, the Chinese Great Wall,bright Great Wall. Chin Shihhuang in 221 B.C. unified area south ofYellow River, has established the Qin dynasty, in order to strengthenthe rule north, defends nomads invasion, therefore will send thesenior general to hoodwink 恬 300,000 armies and very many laborforces the original north swallow, Zhao, the Qin Great Wall haslinked, and performed to expand, the lasted 9 years constructed westnear 洮 east to be continuous Wan Li to Liaodong the Great Wall, thisalso will be in the Chinese history the together Great Wall. To theHan Dynasty, Martial emperor of Han dynasty also was for strengthenthe defense, "was not called Hu Madu the Yin", has constructed anearly 20,000 mile Great Wall, simultaneously this also has protectedthe new development Silk Road, the Chinese Great Wall is the Qin GreatWall together the front position and the defense line, west itXinjiang, east arrived Liaodong, was in the Chinese history constructsthe Great Wall longest dynasty. But the bright Great Wall is in theChinese history constructs the Great Wall the high point, the projectis big, essence of the technical is unique.

Same year Zhu Yuanzhangestablished Ming Dynasty in the unification nation in the process, hasaccepted "Gao Zhuqiang, Guang Jiliang, slow name king" suggestion. Atthat time Yuan Dynasty although already perished, but also ismaintaining the quite complete military power, in addition graduallyrises Nuzhen races unceasing invasion, therefore starts to constructthe Great Wall. The Ming Dynasty large-scale constructed the GreatWall to achieve 18 were next many, only then basically has last yearsfinished to the Ming Dynasty, east nearby Liaoning Dandong YaluRivers Hushan, west to Gansu Jiayuguans bright Great Wall span 6,350kilometers. The bright Great Wall has three characteristics, buildsthe construction completely, manages the consummation, the layout isstrict. But we saw today the Badaling Great Wall is a bright GreatWalls part. But Great Wall in our country ancient times mostprimitive goal although is the defense, but at the same time it alsoplayed other roles. First is the military function, the second pieceis the economical function, it not only promoted the development andthe northern border economy development which opens up wasteland,moreover also is the area south of Yellow River common people enjoys agood and prosperous life, third promoted various nationalitiesfusion. In addition, it has also protected the communication andpromoted the to foreign countries opening up.

What is worthmentioning, in our country ancient times, not only only has thesethree time constructs the Great Wall the experience, according to thestatistics, in about in 20xx, successively some more than 20 feudallords country and the feudal dynasty all has constructed the GreatWall, some people have made the sketchy computation, if the Great Wallwill rebuild together the height 5 meters, the depth 1 meter big wall,will many circle the Earth 10 many all to have the wealth. Famousfolklore: The beacon-fire play feudal lord and Meng Jiangnyu cry GreatWall also is occurs in the Great Wall. Now, the Great Wall afterpasses through several time repairs and maintains, basically restoredthe former appearance, is included in 1987 by the United NationsEducational, Scientific and Cultural Organization "World cultureInheritance Name list", moreover it or now in world longest defensivecity wall! Proliferated the our country 16 areas, the span hasachieved 10. 80,000 miles.

We passed through a moment ago the road, took place in Yu Guangou.Guan Gou is the Mt. yanshan sierra and Jundu sierra junction meetingplace, south Changping area Nankouzhen, northwest to Yanqing CountyBadaling Great Walls area just outside the city gate, span 40 miles.Is the area south of Yellow River area leads to northwest plateau thepharynx and larynx important highway. The Ming Dynasty has arrangedfour defense lines in here, respectively is the Nankou pass, occupiesthe commonplace pass, on closes, Badaling. Folds on the green jademountain in Guan Gouzhong, once had Jin Dynasty famous Yanjing one ofeight scenery: Occupies commonplace folds the green jade, what a pitynow the landscape already no longer existed.

We saw a moment ago that railroad was designs the construction by ourChinese the first railroad, designs Peking-Kalgan line by ZhanTianyou. Because Badaling area topography complex, the technicaldifficulty are very many, therefore Zhan Tianyou designs the personfont railroad, the success solved the train not to be able directly toclimb and the curve difficult problem, but made a connection longreaches 1,091 meters tunnels also to sigh the Chinese and foreignpublic figure the clothing. Now the bronze statue which sets up in theblack dragon bridge train station is Zhan Tianyou, but also has themonument.

Closes the ditch because of to occupy the commonplace pass but to befamous, we may see front the grand construction occupies thecommonplace pass, its name origins from the Qin dynasty, to ChinShihhuang moves "the commonplace person" in here to live thereforeacquires fame. In the area inside the great wall, some famous whitemarble Shitai, It is Yuan Dai as soon as has sat the streettower, above originally has three Tibet type pagoda, destroyed in theafterwards earthquake. The Ming Dynasty in the original position ] hasestablished the Taian temple, but has been destroyed in the KangxiDynasty, only leaves behind now us to see the column foundation andlooks the column. Baiyu Shitaithe area has 310 square meter under Ticket Gate onto engrave has the lion, the elephant, the weird creature, relief andso on Jin Chiniao, separately represented the Buddhism Dense Ancestor fivesides five Buddhas place to ride, but also had Tianlongbabu toprotect buddhist law the deity the relief. On the endophragm also hadthe four great heavenly gods relief and the god beastly design, theticket goes against also covers entirely daturas pattern, in theflower has engraved has the image of Buddha, altogether 2,215. Alsosome six kind of languages engrave "tuoluoNepal After Incantation" and "Make TowerMerit To record", these all are Yuan Dai artistic high-quality goods,has the very high artistic value.

The Badaling Great Wall is in the bright Great Walls outstandingrepresentative, because here extends in all directions, thereforebecomes Badaling. Possibly everybody can ask that, why has to speakthe Great Wall to construct in here? Actually this mainly is becauseof the Badaling area important geographical position. It not only isguarding the bright imperial tomb, moreover also is Beijingsnorthwest front door.

The Badaling Great Wall is in the history many significant eventstestimonies, for example the dreary queen mother Patrols Good fortune, Yuan Taizuenters the pass, west Empress Dowager Cixi runs away and so on,Badaling all is after all the road. Speaks of here, but also somestory must say for everybody: Is located closes the east end gateroadside, some megalith, the fable the Eight Power Expeditionary Forceattacked into Beijing in 1900, Cixi runs away in the west on the waypasses through here, once stood in this stone other day looks thenational capital, therefore this stone on is also called looks theBeijing stone. But present this stone already not that highlighted.

Some speech everybody certainly knew that, Not to Great Wall non- realman. Introduced a moment ago that many landscape, you are certainlyanxious want to arrive the scenic area to tour, does not use theworry, you also had to become the real man immediately. Good, here isthe famous Badaling Great Wall distant place is the grand scenery, butdownward looked is the Great Wall important constituent old man city,he generally all constructs on the strategic in position keycommunication line. Between old man city two is distanced 63.9 meters,the west gate inscribed horizontal tablet: Key to defense of thenorth, I already have said in front. The east gate inscribedhorizontal tablet is: Occupies the commonplace outside town, themeaning occupies a commonplace outside the passes strategic place. Nowwe looked to the right release that, is ascending Chengkou the southside to exhibit a cannon, named: Invincible might general. IsChong Zhen Year the manufacture.

The Badaling Great Wall has three two walls compositions, what isthree two walls? Now lets me give everybody to explain, threerespectively are the tower on a city wall, the enemy tower, tower on acity wall structure is extremely simple, only is the officers andsoldiers which guards evades the cold the place. That enemy towerstructure relative wants complex somewhat, divides into two, the lowerlevel is by the field, the well, returns, and so on the glyphcomposes, the upper formation has the crenel and looks the hole isobserves the military situation and the archery uses, therefore herealso has defends enemys function.

Under arrived the beacon tower, also is called the beacon-fire, wolfYantai. Is disagrees the Great Wall connected independentconstruction. Once the enemy Attack, lights the beacon-firenotification military situation, the ancient rewards the smoke whichthe daytime lights to be called Beacon-fire, the evening is called the flint.Ming Dynasty time, but also has made the strict stipulation to thebeacon-fire and enemys relations that, Enemy hundred, burn a smokeartillery; Five Caucasians, burn two smoke two artillery; Abovethousand people, three smoke three artillery; Above 5,000 people, foursmoke four artillery; Above ten thousand people, five smoke fiveartillery. On through this way, in the border pass military situationcan the rapid transmission palace wall imperial palace.

Said three, under on said next two walls. The Great Wall flank tallwall is called 牒 the wall, has the crenel is uses for to defend theenemy. But the inside insufficient meter high is called the daughterwall, also is called the space wall. In most starts the Great Wallinside is does not have the daughter wall, but frequently some peoplecan fall down the cliff, therefore has constructed this wall. Each notfar has a small drainage in the Great Wall lower part of wall place,rainy day time by spits the tap to outside to drain water, in order toavoid the water washes out the city wall. But inside Great Walls walluses the stone block to cast, outside builds the brick, again spreadsout the flagstone in above, thus causes the building to be extremelyreliable!

各位朋友：

你们好!

欢迎到金山岭长城观光旅游。也许您每天都会在中央电视台《新闻联播》前的国歌声中，看到长城的雄姿。那就是金山岭长城。金山岭长城，位于河北省滦平县与北京市密云县交界处，距北京市133公里，距承德市87公里，西起龙峪口，东至望京楼，全长10.5公里，沿线设有大小关隘5处、敌楼67座、烽火台2座。1981年1月被国务院定为全国重点文物保护单位，1991年被国家定为一级旅游景点、国家级风景区，并于1987年被联合国教科文组织确定为世界文化遗产。

“万里长城，金山独秀。”

就让我们一起去观赏被专家们誉为万里长城中最精彩的一段——金山岭长城吧。

(停车场至砖垛口的路上)

北齐天保七年(556年)金山岭一带最早出现了长城，由北齐的第一个皇帝高洋下令修建，主要是为了阻挡北方柔然等游牧民族对北齐的进攻，保证边境的安全。当时的长城为土石结构，单调低矮。十五世纪中叶，北方蒙古族的鞑靼、朵颜等部落，看到明王朝国力逐渐衰弱，就乘机南侵，威胁京都。为了保证京都的安全，明王朝决定重修这段对京都有着重要意义的长城。隆庆元年(1567年)秋天，明穆宗朱载垕将抗倭名将戚继光由南方调到北方，担任蓟镇总兵，负责包括金山岭长城在内的600公里的长城沿线的防务。但戚继光初到北方时，是有职无权，他先是想训练一支北方的“戚家军”，由于朝中有人阻挠而未能实现。非常现实的戚继光在求“攻”不得的情况下改为“守”。隆庆二年(1568年)，戚继光到蓟州上任后，马上到长城沿线巡查，他发现蓟镇长城都比较低薄，在许多险要的地段，只有单墙，而且有不少地方已经坍塌。这样的长城，根本不符合作战的需要。于是他上报朝廷，要求加固和扩建蓟镇长城。隆庆三年(1569年)，戚继光的弟弟戚继美率一支沂州兵到蓟镇戍守。戚继光奏请朝廷后，让这支部队在金山岭驻扎下来，负责搞示范工程。戚继美带领沂州士兵，在金山岭上修长城、筑敌台。7座最早的空心敌台在金山岭的长城沿线上建立起来，蓟镇长城的加固、扩建工程全面顺利展开。在戚继光任职的十六年间，基本完成了这一浩大的工程。以后几十年的时间里，明王朝又不断调兵修缮，使之成为一道城墙高耸、战垒林立、能攻能守的坚固防线。

戚继光在修建长城过程中，依据“因地制宜，用险制塞”的建筑思想，山势低矮处，加高城墙，山势高峻处，修建敌楼，个别地方加修了障墙、支墙、挡马墙，全部为砖石结构或砖石木结构，使这段长城设施完备、构筑牢固、布局严谨、可攻可守。经专家鉴定，金山岭长城是我国万里长城的精华之所在。

障墙、文字砖、挡马墙，被誉为金山岭长城的“三绝”。

(砖垛口)

砖垛口，清代史料称为“砖垛关”，一般是游人登临长城的第一站。

砖垛口始建于明初洪武年间，隆庆年间由戚继光主持重修，高2.3米，宽1.6米，西距古北口4公里。虽然规模不大，但其战略位置十分重要，历来为兵家必争之地。从砖垛口一带发现的火炮、手雷、石礌、铁蛋丸、箭头等武器来看，明朝时这里的战事是十分频繁的。1933年，张学良的部队曾在这里与日本侵略军进行过激烈的战斗。1948年夏天，北京解放前夕，我人民解放军强攻古北失利，就从砖垛口和龙峪口等关口突破，包抄了古北口国民党守军的后路，很快攻下了古北口。

(砖垛口至东方台)

细心的朋友会在长城上发现一些独特有趣的东西。

我们脚下的马道，由方砖铺面，可容六、七人并行。坡度大的地方，又用砖砌成了梯形台阶，走起来十分方便，又不致于滑倒。这些地方的城墙有里外两层，里面一层高1.5米，叫宇墙，又叫女儿墙，外面一层高2米，叫垛口墙。在垛口墙上，每隔一米多远便设一个垛口，供士兵射击来犯之敌。在宇墙和垛口墙，设有上、中、下三层射击孔，可供士兵采取站、跪、卧三种姿势射击敌人。大家注意一下，每个垛口都有一个小洞，它有两个作用：一是插军旗助威，或以旗来传递信号;二是明代从国外引进了一种叫佛郎枪的武器，佛郎枪下面有轴，把轴插在小洞内，可转动做扇面射击。在垛口墙贴近马道的地方，每隔二三米便有一个砖砌排水沟，排水沟靠内侧一端设有吐水嘴，防止排泄出去的水冲刷侵蚀墙体;靠外侧一端修有礌石孔，也叫悬眼，用来施放礌石，打击敌人。这些都是金山岭长城建筑的独到之处。

(东方台)

大家熟悉的中央电视台《新闻联播》之前的片头语长城和“传承文明，开拓创新”广告语的背景长城，都是在这里拍摄的。自1986年金山岭长城开放以来，先后有100多部影视的剧组和许多广告单位来金山岭取景。这是长城的骄傲，更是金山岭的骄傲。

金山岭长城开放以来，党和国家领导人多次前来视察，先后有130多个国家和地区的驻华使节观光游览。北京丽都、王府、凯宾斯基等几十家大饭店多次在这里举办越野攀登、烟花晚会、篝火晚会等文体娱乐活动。1998年9月，来自13个国家的“雷励远征计划”活动的160多人在此举行大型酒会，热烈的气氛、圆满的结果，更是把金山岭长城的名字传到了五湖四海。

1992年11月15日11点35分，当身穿鲜红色摩托服的“亚洲飞人”柯受良驾驶着白色雅玛哈250型摩托车，凌空一跃，金山岭长城就随着几百只白鸽和无数支彩球飞进了全世界人民的心中。我们西侧的西方台就是当年柯受良飞跃长城的地方。1995年10月6日，一对瑞典青年也在那里按中国风俗举办了隆重的婚礼。他们希望自己的婚姻能够像长城一样牢固可靠。

好了，我们继续前行。

大家看前面山脊上那截特殊的长城，它叫支墙，在长城的其他地方是难得一见的。它与前面的库房楼相通，是库房楼的第一道防线。遇有敌人入侵，支墙上的守军与敌人率先交火，万一抵挡不住，可凭借支墙边打边退，直到撤至库房楼。

支墙北面200米的两侧山头上，各有一座圆形的墩台，那就是烽火台，也叫烽燧，是古时候传递军情或报警使用的。一旦有情况，白天放烟，称为燧;夜里点火，称为烽。

(障墙)

这种障墙，是金山岭长城特有的设施，修在敌楼附近，横着在马道上筑起一道道短墙，高2.5米左右，长大约是马道宽的三分之二，形同一道道的屏障。障墙上有了望孔和射击孔，一旦敌人攻上长城，守军可据守障墙，进行抵抗和反击。怎么样，金山岭长城的设计够完善的吧?