《将相和》讲解实用19篇

许国石坊左边是徽园，素有“徽州文化大观园”之称，是在歙县新建的仿古旅游城。再现了徽州明清时期的风貌，气势宏大，鳞次错落，脉传徽州文化之神韵，新创徽派建筑之精华。走进徽园，就如走进了婉约的江南，走进了古朴典雅的徽州古城。

各位游客，我们现在继续往前走，不远处就是人民教育家陶行知少年读书的崇一学堂了，后修建为陶行知纪念馆。新建部分与老馆衔接，仿徽派建筑，给人以情

的熏陶，美的享受，行的启迪，力的源泉。一进大门，宏伟典雅，风格独特的瞻仰厅展现在你的眼前。“万世师表”匾额，金光灿灿，系宋庆龄手迹。陶行知书写的对联“捧着一颗心来，不带半根草去”，是他终生恪守的人生真谛。

名，为文化历史名城一级保护区。斗山街是一处集古民居、古街、古雕、古井、古牌坊于一体的旅游文化景点。建于明清时期的斗山街、有典型的徽州民宅大院，犹如一幅长长的历史画卷，向你娓娓讲述着古老而又凄美的故事。

名城歙县不仅风景如画，人文深厚，而且明清建筑，新安医学，徽州雕刻等也有很高的艺术成就。今天的歙县古城一日游到此结束了!欢迎大家继续走进歙县，祝你们旅途快乐!

各位游客大家好!欢迎来到三坊七巷景区参观游览，我是讲解员__首先为大家简要介绍一下三坊七巷景区的总体概况。

三坊七巷景区位于千年古城福州市中心，占地面积约40公顷。三坊七巷最早形成是在西晋308年，建筑格局形成于唐天复元年代(901年)，繁荣于明清时期，至今已有1700年的历史。以南后街为中轴，向西伸出了三个坊(衣锦坊、文儒坊、光禄坊)，向东伸出七条巷(杨桥巷、郎官巷、塔巷、黄巷、安民巷、宫巷、吉庇巷)，排列整齐，纵向有序，形成“鱼骨状”传统街巷格局，自古以来就被人们称为“三坊七巷”。历经千余年来，仍完整保留着唐宋遗留下来的坊巷格局，这在全国范围内都极为罕见，被誉为“里坊制度活化石”;现存较为完好的明清古建筑200多座159处，包括国家级9处，省市级19处，历史保护古建筑131处，文保单位众多，集中程度堪称全国唯一，被我国建筑学界誉为“明清建筑博物馆”;不仅如此，三坊七巷还是历代名人聚居地，在这不足40公顷的土地上曾先后走出历代名人达400多位，尤其是曾涌现出了林则徐、严复、林觉民、冰心、林徽因、沈葆桢、陈宝琛等一大批对中国近代史进程有着重要影响的人物，也因此而获得了“一片三坊七巷，半部中国近现代史”的美誉;今天就让我们一同来领略三坊七巷历史神韵和闽都文化的精髓。

大家所看到的这是一座居住着近现代两位名人的故居，一位是黄花岗七十二烈士之一――林觉民;另一位就是著名的女作家谢冰心。林觉民是辛亥广州起义杰出代表人物，林觉民遇难后，临时知县的岳父陈元凯连夜托人到福州告知此事，全家为避祸搬到光禄坊的早题巷。后来，谢冰心的祖父谢銮恩买下了这栋旧居。

说到林觉民我们不能不提到他的《与妻书》。这一如诗如画的名篇写得情真意切，感人肺腑，催人泪下，不仅表达了夫妻间深深的歉疚和殷殷的情意，而且表达了“乐牺牲吾身与汝身之福利，为天下谋永福”的革命精神和伟大情怀，激励了千千万万的热血青年。具有极为珍贵的历史价值和艺术价值。

我们现在来到的是三坊七巷的主入口牌坊。福州三坊七巷不仅仅是三条“坊”和七条“巷”，还有一条闻名遐迩的南后街。在南后街中我们可以看到福州的三宝，福州的脱胎漆器，牛角梳和油纸伞，还有福州著名的寿山石和软木画，各色各样的福州小吃。

各位团友!走过了杨桥路，我们首先来到左边的这条巷就是七巷之一的郎官巷。为什么这叫郎官巷呢?北宋有个叫刘涛的人，他是郎官，他的子孙皆为郎官，所以叫此巷为郎官巷。接下来请大家参观严复晚年的居所―――严复故居。严复是中国近代著名的启蒙思想家、翻译家和教育家，是中国近代“向西方寻找真理”的先进人物的杰出代表。严复还担任过北京大学、上海复旦公学校长等职。严复译述《天演论》。

现在大家看到的是黄巷，历史上出现了衣冠南渡，八姓入闽，其中较大的一支黄氏家族入闽后，聚居于此，开始有了黄巷的地名。该巷以小黄楼著称。

我们来到三坊中的第一坊――衣锦坊。衣锦坊最早的名字叫“通潮巷”，是三坊七巷中最靠近福州西湖的。据说，当年西湖的湖水与巷子里的沟渠相通。衣锦坊的水榭戏台20__年被公布为全国重点文物保护单位。

“最忆市桥灯火静，巷南巷北读书声”，让我们再一次感悟到故乡“三坊七巷”古老厚重的文化对我们的培养和熏陶。

各位团友，“三坊七巷”的讲解就到这里。我们集合的时间是×时×分，各位朋友可以在附近自由活动、照相，我们准时在这里集中上车，谢谢大家。

天台历史悠久，其得名源自道教茅山宗开山祖师陶弘景在《真诰》中说：“天台山高一万八千丈，周回八百里，山有八重，四面如一。当牛女之分，以其上应台宿，光辅紫宸，故名天台。”台州也因境内天台山而得名。

悠久的历史，厚重的文化，使得天台山成为汇集儒、释、道三教于一体的天下第一山。

天台宗发祥地

天台山是中国汉化佛教第一宗天台宗的发祥地，祖庭国清寺，具有1400多年的历史。是有“东方黑格尔”之称的高僧智顗(智者大师)创立的。在唐代，国清寺有“丛林四绝”之称。此后，日本、高丽(朝鲜半岛)僧人来山求法礼佛者不络驿不绝，国清寺成为日、朝、韩天台宗的祖庭。寺内有1400多年的隋梅，全国独一无二的释加牟尼佛娃娃脸造像，元代用楠木所雕的十八罗汉，王羲之、柳公权等人留下的摩崖石刻等。

活佛济公出生地

活佛济公，大家都知道，历史上真有其人，是天台人。他一生浪迹天涯,济世为公，深得百姓崇拜。济公老家济公故居,为南宋天台“三台九明堂”建筑，内聚佛国之灵所，外撷仙山之精华。20__年，《济公传说》被列入国家第一批非物质文化遗产保护目录。

徐霞客开游地

明代大旅行家徐霞客足迹遍布全国16个省，写下17篇游记，而对天台山情有独钟，三次来天台山，并写下二篇游记，将《游天台山日记》赫然置于《徐霞客游记》开篇，现已列入《大学新篇语文》教材中。可见其地位之高了!

上海人民广场英文讲解导游词

上海人民广场被誉为“城市绿肺”的人民广场位于市中心，是一个金融行政、文化、交通、商业为一体的园林式广场。下面是小编为大家收集的关于上海人民广场英文讲解导游词，欢迎大家阅读!

上海人民广场英文讲解导游词

Brief：

Peoples Square is the biggest public square in Shanghai. It is an awesome area to visit while in Shanghai and it’s a great place to go and see how the people of Shanghai are.

It is the city’s center of politics, economy, culture and art with a group of magnificent buildings like museum, the exhibition hall, and the grand theater.

The crystal-like theater is especially beautiful at night with lights on.

History:

In concession days, together with People’s Park next door, it was a racecourse.

After liberation in 1949, the northern part of the racecourse was built into today’s People Park and the southern part, into the People’s Square.

Location：

Located in downtown Shanghai, the People Square is the largest public square.

Transportation:

Under the Square is a large central Metro station where the No.1 and 2 metro lines meet.

Within the station itself are two modern marketplaces: one features popular stores from the Hong Kong, and the other is the Dimei underground market.

Fountain

In the center of the square is a 320 sq. meter fountain，named the “Light of the Huangpu River”. It is the first giant music-synchronized "dancing" fountain in the country. Red, blue and yellow sculptures in the fountain portray a beautiful, glowing display, creating a grand sight for those who visit the area.

There are two small squares beside the central square. The east square is called the Rising Sun Square; the west is called the Bright Moon Square.

Transportation:

Under the Square is a large central Metro station where the No.1 and 2 metro lines meet.

Within the station itself are two modern marketplaces: one features popular stores from the Hong Kong, and the other is the Dimei underground market.

Pigeons

Southwest of the square is a beautiful blue and white home for pigeons! Thousands of pigeons fly from their house to the Squares lawn to meet tourists each day. Their coming promotes a feeling of peace and serenity to all that visit the area.

Spots brief:

To the north of the Square stands a grand building, the City Hall (the Municipal Government Building of Shanghai).

The Shanghai Museum is located south of the Square and directly faces the City Hall.

The beautiful Shanghai Grand Theatre is situated in the northwest part of the Square, and is close to the Government Building.

To the northeast of the Square is the Shanghai Urban Planning Exhibition Hall.

Shanghai Gallery.

Shanghai Museum

Brief:

Shanghai Museum is a must-see for foreign visitors to Shanghai.

Shanghai Museum is especially famous for its treasures of bronzes, ceramics, Chinese calligraphy and traditional paintings.

Location:

The Shanghai Museum is situated in the heart of People’s Square. Opposite to the City Hall and is surrounded by the moon and sun Corridor.

History:

It was built in the 1930s, formerly occupied by Zhong Hui Bank owned by a Shanghai celebrity Yuesheng Du. In 1952, it was converted into a museum. The new museum building was erected in September 1994 and most of the facilities were installed in 1995. It was entirely opened on October 12 in 1996. The five big gilt characters on the lintel were written by Yi Chen, the first mayor of Shanghai after the founding of new China.

With a collection of over 120,000 pieces of cultural relics in 12 categories, including bronze, ceramics (pottery and porcelain ware), calligraphy, paintings, jade and ivory ware, numismatics, furniture, seal carvings, sculptures, arts and crafts and costumes of Chinese minorities, Shanghai Museum is especially famous for its collection of bronzes, ceramics, paintings and calligraphy. And there is also a special gallery of donated relics and three temporary exhibition halls.

With a collection of over 120,000 pieces of cultural relics in 12 categories, including bronze, ceramics (pottery and porcelain ware), calligraphy, paintings, jade and ivory ware, numismatics, furniture, seal carvings, sculptures, arts and crafts and costumes of Chinese minorities, Shanghai Museum is especially famous for its collection of bronzes, ceramics, paintings and calligraphy. And there is also a special gallery of donated relics and three temporary exhibition halls.

Appearance

As you view Shanghai Museum from a distance in People’s Square, you will find that the building itself is a work of art, featuring multiple orientations, multi-visual angles and many distinctive characteristics. The elegant construction perfectly combines traditional cultural themes with modern technological innovation. The building uses a round top section to symbolize heaven and a square base representing the earth, implying the Chinese traditional expression of “a round heaven and a square earth”. It is 24 meters high with sever floors, two are underground and five above, covering a total area of 38,000 sqm.

Shanghai Museum has installed advanced security and fire alarm systems, educational services, a computerized library and an automation system. Besides this, Shanghai Museum has facilities for multimedia guide, an information center, a High Definition Graphics system, an audio tour, the lecture room equipped with a system of spontaneous interpretation. You can check out a device that allows you to hear a description of an item after punching in the item number. The audio tour is available in eight languages. The library in the museum has 200,000 volumes of books in collection.

Shanghai Museum has installed advanced security and fire alarm systems, educational services, a computerized library and an automation system. Besides this, Shanghai Museum has facilities for multimedia guide, an information center, a High Definition Graphics system, an audio tour, the lecture room equipped with a system of spontaneous interpretation. You can check out a device that allows you to hear a description of an item after punching in the item number. The audio tour is available in eight languages. The library in the museum has 200,000 volumes of books in collection.

Shanghai Grand Theatre

Location:

Shanghai Grand Theatre is located to the west of the City Hall in the People’s Square, the citys heart. The Shanghai Grand Theatre occupies an area of 2.1 hectares, facing the Peoples Boulevard in the south. With its unique style and beautiful outlook, the theatre has become a representative building in Shanghai.

History and brief intro:

It is opened to the public on August 27, 1998.The Shanghai Grand Theatre has successfully staged such shows and evenings as operas, musicals, ballets, symphonies, chamber music concerts, spoken drama and the Chinese operas. It has a high reputation both at home and abroad as many high officials and VIPs, both domestic and international, gave the highest praises of the theatre for its perfect combination of art and architecture.

Appearance:

With a total construction area of 62,803 square meters and a total height of 41 meters, the Shanghai Grand Theatre has 10 storeys, 2 for underground, 6 for above ground and 2 top floors. The new style architecture combines the Eastern and Western flavor together. The theatre represents a fine integration of new technology, new craft and new material. It looks like a crystal palace in the light at night.

The lobby of Shanghai Grand Theatre is approximate 2019 square meters with the white as its main tone, which signifies elegant and pure. The floor is made of a rare marble called "Greece Crystal White".

Function:

The Shanghai Grand Theatre has three theatres, a 1,800 seats main theatre for ballet, opera and symphony performances, this lyric theatre is divided into the auditorium, the 2nd-floor, the 3rd-floor and six balconies. The drama theatre has 750 seats and the studio theatre has 300 seats.

In addition to performances, the Shanghai Grand Theatre has a restaurant for tourists with an area of 1,600 square meters and a shopping center for audio-video products with an area of 2,500 square meters. Also there are VIP lounge, which is for government officials to meet world-famous artists and performing groups.

Now it has become an important window of cultural exchange between China and the world and a bridge of artistic ommunication.

Shanghai Urban Planning Exhibition Hall

Location:

It is located in the east of the City Hall.

Shanghai Urban Planning Exhibition Hall has a total floor space of 19 thousand square meters. It fully displays the achievements of Shanghai in city planning and construction and embodies the theme of “city, man, environment, and development”. The Exhibition Hall adopts modern exhibition technology and uses high-tech to achieve an integration of professionalism, knowledge, interest, and art, giving stress to the exhibition of the future of the city. Citizens and tourists can see the changes of the leased territory, the vicissitudes of the Bund, the achievements of Shanghai in urban planning and construction ever since the reform and opening-up of the country, in particular, since the 1990s, and the rapid changes of the Pudong New Area. Above all, they can see the bright future of Shanghai there. The main model of urban planning, which is in the proportion of 1:2019, exhibits the urban geography and scenery in an extent of a hundred and more square meters within the inner elevated ring road. It is the world’s biggest model of urban planning.

This amazing building contains an incredibly accurate model of the city in a couple of decades, complete with every tiny little detail and every single building! The model is huge and incredible. There is also a super-cool rotating statue of Shanghais modern buildings in the lobby.

站在楼台的敞廊上远看都江堰的水利工程，可以看见岷江从山里滚滚而来，在拐弯处被一条像鱼头的长坝一分为二，堤坝这边的江水顺玉垒山脚流到一座孤立的山头前，堤坎矮下去了，而水流都靠着山这边走向远方，这就是都江堰的渠首工程。长堤的头部叫鱼咀，堤尾矮下去那段叫飞沙堰，孤立的山头和玉垒山之间的水道叫宝瓶口。鱼咀、飞沙堰、宝瓶口是都江堰的三大主体工程，鱼咀用于分水，让灌溉的水进内江，多余的水走外江;飞沙堰用于溢洪排沙;宝瓶口用于引流入渠。就是这三部份工程的巧妙配合，奠定了都江堰千古长存的“不坏金身”。今天我们看起来，它们是那样的简单。甚至觉得平凡。其实正印证了—句“伟大出于平凡”的格言。都江堰渠首工程蕴涵着极大的科学性，其设计和建造所体现的认识自然和利用自然的水平之高，即使是二千多年后的今天，仍然可以称之为最高水平的成就。等一会我们到了现场再作详细介绍。指物说理，可能比较容易说明白一些。现在我们去看二王庙。二王庙

二王庙座落于玉垒山麓，是纪念都江堰修建者李冰父子的庙宇。这座庙宇原是纪念蜀王杜宇的“望帝祠”;南北朝时迁“望帝祠”于郫县后，为表达对李冰父子功德的崇敬之意，后来这里就被更名为“崇德庙”;宋朝，由于李冰父子相继被救封为王，便改崇德庙为“王庙”;到了清代，才正式定名为“二王庙”。

二王庙的建筑有五大特点：一是占地少，仅10072平方米;二是建筑密度高，达到60%;三是不强调中轴对称，这与大多数中国古建筑的基本特点相悖;四是上下高差大，有63米;五是规模宏大，布局严谨，令人赏心悦目，这五大建筑特点我们将边参观边体味。

大家好!欢迎你们来到黄山风景区。我是大家的导游。我叫刘梦月，就让我来给你们介绍一下黄山吧!

黄山是中国著名风景区之一，世界游览胜地。登黄山可从前上或后山上。慈光阁是前山票房，今天我们就从前山上。大家跟我横穿公路走台阶道。前面就是半山寺。半山寺因为在玉屏楼和慈光阁中间而得名，“半山寺”为刘将军手书，寺前可看“金鸡叫天门”等景点。

现在我为大家介绍一下黄山奇松。黄山奇松以石为母，以云为乳，七十二峰，处处都有青松点染，如一支支神奇的画笔，把五百里黄山抹上了生命的色彩。

且不说那展翅欲飞的凤凰松，欲麒腾跃的麒麟松，也不说那轻歌低吟的竖琴松，缠绵亲昵的连理松，单是那漫山遍野普普通通的无名松，就足以把黄山装点的妙不可言。正因有了遍布峰林沟壑的黄山松，于是，黄山的景美了，山活了，风动了，云涌了，雨多了，泉响了······连山石也有了灵气。难怪古人说：“黄山之美始于松。”徐霞客在游历黄山后说：“五岳归来不看山，黄山归来不看岳。”

接下来我为大家介绍一下黄山的怪石。黄山怪石，星罗棋布，点缀在波澜壮阔的黄山峰海中。它们形态别致，或大或小，争相竞秀，意趣无穷。黄山怪石，有的酷似珍禽异兽，如“猴子望太平”“松鼠跳天都”“鳌鱼驮金龟”“乌龟爬山”“孔雀戏莲花”;有的宛如各式人物，如：“仙人下棋”“天女绣花”“夫妻谈心”“童子拜观音”;有的又似历史故事、神话传说而命名，如：“苏轼牧羊”“太白醉酒”“武松打虎”“达摩面壁”等。

下面让我为大家再介绍一下瀑布吧!九龙瀑布是黄山瀑布中最为美丽的一条瀑布。它位于罗汉峰与香炉峰之间，在云古寺和苦竹溪一带，九龙瀑汇聚了天都、玉瓶、炼丹、仙掌诸峰的山泉溪流，壮大了声势。分成了九折从悬崖上飞流而下。每一折便跌水一次，下面便成一个水潭，水潭满溢再继续下跌，形成第二折。如此盘旋折叠共达九次，故得九龙瀑布。

今天给大家介绍到这儿，大家好好休息，明天再见。

福州是一座拥有2200多年历史的名城。唐开元十三年(725年)设福州都督府始称福州。五代梁开平二年(908年)闽王王审知扩建城池，将风景秀丽的乌山、于山、屏山圈入城内，从此福州成为“山在城中，城在山中”的独特城市。“三山”成了福州的别名。

福州位于福建省东部闽江下游，是全省政治、经济、文化中心。全市总面积11968平方公里，其中市区总面积1043平方公里;总人口48O多万，其中城区人口116万。“因州北有福山”，故名福州，又因900多年前就遍植榕树，“绿阴满城，暑不张盖”，故又有“榕城”的美称。现辖鼓楼、台江、仓山、马尾、晋安五个区和福清、闽侯、罗源、连江、长乐、平潭、闽清、永泰等二市六县。居民以汉族为主，还有畲、满、苗、回等20多个少数民族。福州依山傍海，气候宜人，绿树常青，属暖湿的亚热带季风气候。年平均气温为19.6℃，最冷1月平均气温为10.5℃，最热7月平均气温为28.6℃，年均降水量1342.5毫米。最佳旅游季节为每年4～11月。市区内有闻名全国的温泉。

各位团友，今天我讲解的内容是福州明清时期古建筑瑰宝――三坊七巷。

三坊七巷地处市中心，东临八一七北路，西靠通湖路，北接杨桥路，南达吉庇巷、光禄坊，占地约40公顷，现居民3678户，人口14000余人。三坊七巷是南后街两旁从北到南依次排列的十条坊巷的简称。三坊是：衣锦坊、文儒坊、光禄坊;七巷是杨桥巷、郎官巷、塔巷、黄巷、安民巷、宫巷、吉庇巷。由于吉庇巷、杨桥巷和光禄坊改建为马路，现在保存的实际只有二坊五巷。即使如此，在这个历史悠久的居民区内，仍然保留着丰富的文物古迹，保存一批名人故居和明清时代的建筑。在这居民区内，坊巷纵横，石板铺地;白墙青瓦，结构严谨;房屋精致，匠艺奇巧，集中体现了闽越古城的民居特色，是闽江文化的荟萃之所，被建筑界喻为一座规模庞大的明清古建筑博物馆。

“三坊七巷”是国家历史文化名城――福州的主要标志，被誉为明清古建筑博物馆。近代诗人陈衍诗云：“谁知五柳孤松客，却住三坊七巷间。”这大约就是“三坊七巷”的由来。

三坊七巷的民风民俗也是福州民风民俗的代表，许多节俗活动常以三坊七巷为中心，它包括民间信仰、岁时节庆活动、建筑物中的民俗等。

“月光光，照池塘;骑竹马，过洪塘;洪塘水深难得渡，等妹撑船来接郎。问郎长，问郎短，问郎几时返?”这是唐朝观察使常衮作的一首民谣。它曾给居住在三坊七巷的几代百姓带来多少童年的回忆。直到现在，特别是老一辈人听到这首琅琅上口的民谣仍激动不已。

三坊七巷，以它近300座的明清民居古建筑物闻名于世。古老的街巷，完整的坊里，配以古河道、古桥梁、古榕树，形成了古朴而富有特色的传统风貌，引起了国内外许多文物考古专家的广泛兴趣，成为游客前来福州的必到之处。可以说，它是“全国少见，江南仅有”。而老家在福州的海外游子，三坊七巷是他们魂牵梦绕、难以忘怀的故园乡土。

Dear tourists

Fuzhou has preserved quite a number of lanes that have been formed sincethe Tang and Song Dynasties, and has become one of the important symbols of afamous historical and cultural city.

The "Three Lanes" of "three lanes and Seven Alleys" refer to Yijin lane,Wenru lane and Guanglu lane. The three lanes are located on the west side ofnanhou street, which is connected with the "Seven Lanes" on the east side.

Yijinfang, formerly known as tongchaoxiang. Lu Yun and Lu Zao lived here inthe Xuanhe period of Song Dynasty (1119-1125). Their talent was given away andthey were famous for a time. Lu Yun was the magistrate of Fuzhou and Lu Zao wasthe magistrate of Quanzhou. When they returned to their hometown, they orderedthis square to be "Dijin square". During the reign of Chunxi in the SouthernSong Dynasty (1174-1189), Wang Yang was appointed to Jiangdong for punishment.After retirement, he also lived here and renamed Dijin Yijin to show hisintention of returning home.

Wenrufang, formerly known as shanyinxiang, was originally known asrulinfang, where Zheng mu, a song dynasty wine worshiper, lived. In addition toZheng mu, there are also nine generals, Gan Guobao, the commander of Chinese Taiwan,Zhang Jing, the famous general of Anti Japanese War and the manager of sevenprovinces, Chen Chengqiu, the father of Chen Baochen, the teacher of EmperorGuangxu of Qing Dynasty, Chen Yan, the editor in chief of Fujian Tongzhi, andother famous scholars living in the workshop.

Guanglu square, Cheng SHIMENG, who was the magistrate of Fuzhou in thefirst year of Xining (1068) of the Northern Song Dynasty, often visited theBuddhist temple in the square. When he saw a big rock beside the pool, heclimbed the stone to recite poems, so it was called "Guanglu Yintai", and thesquare was also renamed Guanglu square. The stone carvings of "Guanglu Yintai"inscribed by Cheng SHIMENG still exist today.

The Seven Lanes in the "three lanes and Seven Lanes" are all located in theeast of nanhou street. From north to south, they are Yangqiao lane, Langguanlane, Ta lane, Huang Lane, Anmin lane, Gong lane and Jibi lane.

我来自安徽省黄山市歙县，那儿是个特别有古文化的一个县，因为那儿有座古城，叫“徽州古城”，在那儿我感受到了古人的文化和智慧，还有我们歙县人的保护古文物的坚持力。

然而，在那儿的民风习俗，更是让人感到亲切，整个中国，每个省、市、镇，甚至是村，虽然都是过年，但每个都有每个的过法，在这儿我就来说说我们安徽是怎样过年的吧!

由于我去老家时，已经是快三十夜了，过了大年十一就回千岛湖了，我懂得大概也就是这段时间我们要干什么，所以只能讲这段时间啦……

这个腊八那天，是了解到的。在腊八那天，许多人都出嫁了，俗话说：“腊七腊八日子好，多少大姑改大嫂。”所以小孩子们追着婚车跑，为的就是得到一包喜糖。

在小年夜那天，家家摆着几张桌子，迎接四面八方来的客人，大家下午娱乐，直到三四点就开始吃晚饭了，当晚，是由小孩来放烟花的。

假如在那儿的乡村里迷了路，需要帮助时，我们可不能这样称呼人家：“喂”、“哎”，必须先喊：“同志”、“朋友”、“老人家”，看见人家抱着孩子，要夸孩子：“胖”、“壮”，可不能说：“肥”、“重”。这是我们那儿的讳忌。

大年初一，是我们那个村里最热闹的一天了，因为家家都起得很早，为的是去看表演，在村里的小广场里，那里聚满了人，愿意演出节目可以自愿上去演，不管差不差，好不好，都是有奖品的。

我懂得就是这些了，希望大家能去安徽玩玩!

各位游客朋友大家好，首先我代表我们__旅游社对大家的到来表示热烈欢迎，欢迎大家在这个秋高气爽的季节里来到焦作参观旅游。我是本次旅行的导游员小王。在旅行中，大家如果有什么意见或者建议，都可以向我们提出来，我们会虚心接受。我希望大家能够互相关心、爱护，为本次旅程留下一段圆满而美好的回忆。

我们将要游览的是云台山，云台山是国家五A级景区，景区面积190平方公里，包含泉瀑峡、潭瀑峡、红石峡、子房湖、百家岩、万善寺、仙苑、圣顶、叠彩峡、青龙峡等十大景点。

好了，游客朋友我们现在来到了云台山的第一大景点——红石峡。红石峡是云台山的精华。被风景园林专家称赞“自然山水精品廊。”游览需要一个半小时左右，请大家带好随身物品，注意安全。

首先，我们从红石峡的大门往里走，会看到形状各异的石头，现在是陡峭的山路，会让大家心惊胆战，请大家不要害怕。过了一线天桥，是由陡又窄的山路，再往前走，就到了黑龙洞，这个洞长三十米，洞内只有几盏小灯，会让我们觉得阴森森的，在洞内能听见水声哗哗的响，但只闻其声，不见其水。

红石峡的最大特点就是石头是红色的，这一点还有一个传说：相传从前红石峡住着九条龙，主要以黑、白两个龙王为首，一次两个龙王下棋，白龙输了，它不服气，黑龙大怒，便和白龙打了起来，龙血将满山的石头都染成了红色，那个棋盘就变成了棋盘石。这只是一个神话般的传说，而红石峡的石头是红色的，真正的原因是让我们体验了14亿年前震旦地壳运动所造成的遗迹。

好了，今天我就给大家介绍到这里，明天我将继续带领大家游览云台山的其它景点。接下来的时间，大家可以拍照留念，给自己留下永恒的回忆吧!

汽车经过弯弯曲曲的盘山公路把我们带到了后山的云谷寺，从这儿有直接上白鹅岭的索道，但我们最终还是选择了步行。凭着年轻人的豪气和一种征服的欲望，我们用双脚走完了十五里的山路，对于我们而言，倒也是不小的创举。

说是山路，早已有了人的参与。路由台阶铺成，延绵曲折，上升着，左右拐着，拐过去不见了，转过来却又是一段望不到头的路。由此我想到了人生的路不也是这样么?只是要比这复杂，要曲折，要难走得多，或许还会有很多的绝路。我不知道我是否会成功地走完，但我相信，我有勇气走下去。

所谓走路不看景，看景不走路，路走多了，人便觉得累了，于是不时地驻步观景，一边休息，一边欣赏这人间天堂赐予我们的奇峰怪石，清水异树。黄山巧妙的搭配了三xx大峰和三十六座小峰，每座峰都有自己的名字，每座峰都有一个美丽的故事。高峰深谷，幽潭天柱，衬出山的巍峨，水的清秀。黄山的每块石头也都有一个名字，一个典故，仙人指路，喜鹊登梅，天狗望日，梦笔生花，猴子观海，带着一份神秘，更带着一份仙气。黄山的峰多，石多，水更多。云海上下，有三十六源，二十四溪，十六泉，八潭，四瀑。清泉瀑布从山上直流而下，形成了一个个潭，大大小小的潭，水清见底，冰凉刺骨。水声一直伴我们到白鹅岭，经常我们会只听见水声而看不见水，透过密密的树叶儿隐约会看到一条由上而下的银带，路头一转，那清泉小溪便整个儿的呈现于眼前了。

一路低头走路，偶尔抬头看天，山尖的四周围着一团雾，那时候便觉得整个人脱壳的上升了，到天边，到云际。作文

索道只需要八分钟的路程，我们整整走了三个小时，站在白鹅岭上小憩，说不出是累是乏，也说不出是兴奋是激动，有的是一种惬意和自豪，如同人生的路，走得不易，但终究是要走的，只要走得有有股子傲气就行了。

Hello, everyone. Today we come to the first street of China - "three lanesand Seven Alleys", which is known as the "architectural museum of Ming and QingDynasties" and "living fossil of the system of lanes in the city", which are thelandmarks of Fuzhou, a famous historical and cultural city of China. In thefirst "selection of Chinas top ten historical and cultural blocks" announced inJune 20__, Sanfang Qixiang historical and cultural blocks, Beijing Guozijianstreet, Pingyao South Street, Harbin Central Street, etc. jointly participatedin the election, and won the honorary title of "Chinas top ten historical andcultural blocks" awarded by the Ministry of culture and the State Administrationof cultural relics with the highest votes.

In 202 BC, when Fuzhou City was first built, it was called "Yecheng". Theruler was Wu Zhu, a descendant of Gou Jian. After more than two hundred years,Fuzhou in the Western Jin Dynasty had a certain scale. Yan Gao, the firstprefect of Jinan County, thought that the city was too small, so he built acounty city at the southern foot of Pingshan mountain, which is called"Zicheng". The three lanes and seven alleys originated from the expansion of thenew town by Wang Shenzhi, king of min in the late Tang Dynasty. When WangShenzhi was in power, he suspected that the original Zicheng was too small.Outside the Zicheng, he built "Luocheng" with coin pattern bricks. It is saidthat this was the only brick city in China at that time. The south of Luochengis bounded by the Antai river. The north of Luocheng is the political center,mostly inhabited by nobles. The south of Luocheng is the civilian residentialarea and commercial area. At this time, three lanes and Seven Lanes become animportant area in the southwest of Luocheng, and the pattern of lanes and lanesis initially formed.

Todays "three lanes and Seven Alleys" is located in the center of FuzhouCity, adjacent to bay17 North Road in the East, Tonghu road in the west,Yangqiao road in the north, Jibi lane and Guanglu square in the south, coveringan area of about 40 hectares. "Three Lanes" are: Yijin lane, Wenru lane andGuanglu lane; "Seven Lanes" are: Yangqiao lane, Langguan lane, Anmin lane, HuangLane, Ta lane, Gong lane and Jibi lane. With nanhou street as the central axis,they are arranged orderly from north to south, forming a "checkerboard" patternof traditional streets and lanes. In the process of urban change, Jibi lane,Yangqiao lane and Guanglu Lane have been transformed into roads. Therefore,today we talk about three lanes and seven lanes, but actually there are only twolanes and five lanes.

After many years, the pattern of "three lanes and Seven Alleys" remainsbasically the pattern of alleys left over from the Tang and Song dynasties.There are more than 200 well preserved buildings in the Ming and Qing Dynastiesand the Republic of China. Among them, there are 9 national key cultural relicsprotection units, such as Shuixie stage, Yan Fus former residence and ShenBaozhens former residence. It is the largest and most complete ancientarchitectural block of Ming and Qing Dynasties preserved in the city center ofChina. "Three lanes and Seven Alleys" embodies the characteristics of Minyueancient city and the unique characteristics of Fuzhou ancient houses. Thearchitectural structure and materials adapt to the humid and warm climate ofFuzhou; the courtyard layout reflects the traditional family ethics; the gardenis exquisite and elegant, reflecting the elegant taste close to the landscape,which is described as a large-scale "Museum of ancient architecture of Ming andQing Dynasties" by the architectural circles.

In addition to the architecture of Ming and Qing Dynasties, what is moreamazing is the cultural heritage of three lanes and seven alleys. Chen Yan, amodern poet, wrote a poem and said, "who knows that the five willows aresolitary pines, but they live in three lanes and seven alleys." Since theformation of Jin and Tang Dynasty, three lanes and seven lanes have been thesettlements of nobles and literati. Especially in the middle and late QingDynasty, Fuzhou scholars inherent sense of concern for the country and thepeople was more intense in the changes of the world. There emerged a group ofpeople who had an important impact on the society at that time and the processof modern Chinese history. Lin Zexu, Shen Baozhen, Lin Xu, Yan Fu, Lin Juemin,Lin Shu, Lin Huiyin, Bing Xin, Lu Yin, Yu Dafu, Guo huaruo, Wu Shi Turning overthe history, you will be surprised to find that a large number of characters whoare surging up on the stage of modern China, their living backgrounds arereflected in the three lanes and seven alleys, with a remarkable number of morethan 150 people.

It can be said that three lanes and seven alleys have become the epitome ofFuzhous human culture, which highlights the integration of Fuzhou peoplespursuit of orthodox education and pioneering spirit of marine culture. As thegathering place of Fuzhou city spirit, the memorial place of Fuzhou Mingxianculture, the heritage place of Fuzhou traditional merchant culture, and theexhibition place of Fuzhou folk culture, Sanfangqixiang carries the richhistorical and cultural accumulation of Fuzhou city development, fully embodiesthe characteristics and value of material and intangible culture ofSanfangqixiang historical and cultural block, and is worthy of the name ofChina.

Each city has its own unique historical and cultural genes, and it shouldtreasure its own cultural heritage in the process of development. Fuzhou hasalso gone through detours. At the end of the last century, in the heat of oldcity reconstruction, three lanes and seven alleys faced the same danger of being"transformed". Fujian Province and Fuzhou City adjusted their thinking in timeand terminated the original renovation projects for real estate development. Inrecent years, Fujian provincial Party committee, Fujian provincial government,Fuzhou municipal Party committee and Fuzhou municipal government have attachedgreat importance to the protection and restoration of Sanfang Qixiang historicaland Cultural District, and put the protection and restoration of Sanfang Qixiangon the important agenda. The three lanes and seven alleys have been transformedfrom development and transformation to overall protection and restoration. Thegovernment investment has gradually increased, and the expenditure on protectionand restoration projects is mainly invested in peoples livelihood. Thetransformation of the three lanes and seven alleys has not only become aprotection project of material culture and intangible culture, but also acomfortable housing project and popular project to improve peoples livingconditions.

"Three lanes and seven alleys should become a living cultural heritage,"Shan Jixiang, director of the State Administration of cultural relics, gave ahigh evaluation to the renovation project. The value of Fuzhous explorationlies in the protection of both life form and intangible cultural heritage. Therestored Sanfangqixiang is not a tourist area that excludes the original ecologyof the original residents, but a residential community with traditional culturalcharacteristics and a city vitality zone with unique cultural landscape. TangGuozhong, the CPC Fujian Provincial Committee and propaganda minister, saidwell: three lanes and seven alleys are the epitome of Fuzhous gathering ofpeople and culture, and the living fossil of Fujian and Chinese Taiwans deep origin.Her successful protection is not only the wealth of Fuzhou, but also the commonglory of the economic zone on both sides of the Chinese Taiwan Strait and the west coastof the Straits, which needs to be passed down from generation to generation.

黄荆老林景区位于四川省古蔺县西北部，地理坐标为东经105°39′-105°52′北纬28°05′-28°20’，属云贵高原向四川盆地过渡带的赤水河流域，面积433平方公里，森林覆盖率高达96%以上，平均海拔1300多米，是属于白垩系红色砂岩中山峡谷丹霞地貌区，也是地球同纬度(北纬28°C)保存完好的亚热带原始常绿阔叶林区。

红龙湖是一个人文景观，一个巨大的高山人工湖，为省级森林公园，海拔1580米，比白水洞景区高出300米左右。周围全县1600-1800米的高山，山顶是古老的原始森林，山下是常垠的人工林海，水库蓄水量800多万立方米，水深25米，明静如镜，青山倒映，微波荡漾，小船、游艇来往于十里湖面，消失在烟雨之中，远远望去，仿佛一条巨大的青龙蜷卧于崇山峻岭之中，让人心旷神怡。

笋子山，是黄荆老林的主山脉，因其山势尖削盛产竹笋而得名，笋子山脉东西向横亘黄荆老林中部，主峰笋子山海拔1732m.山势陡峭，横亘天际，沟壑交错，道路崎岖，远望似一条蜿蜒与天际的绿带，缭绕于群峦和白云之间，原始林广布，古木参天，藤萝缠绕，多珍稀动植物。

环岩位于黄荆老林北部，距场镇15公里，是丹霞景观与瀑布景观交融的景区，从谷底向上仰望，赤石绝壁环绕，瀑如珠帘，脚下溪流综综，绿荫密植，集幽、奇、险、秀为一体，恍若仙境，令人神往。

八节洞：位于黄荆西北角的八节洞风景区，包括八节洞沟和蟒童坝及周围山岭大环境，面积33.75平方公里。其中以蟒童坝下的高滩三节连滩瀑布群具景观特征，自上而下3华里河段，蟒童河水破峰而出，急流飞泻，冲激成八节险滩，形成八级瀑布，故名八节洞，总落差达120米，包括黑龙潭瀑布、白云岩瀑布、含羞瀑、情人瀑、大漩涡瀑、蟒童坝瀑布、珍珠滩瀑布等八节瀑布。

黄荆三百里演出是国内知名演艺团队联合打造的川南景区原创舞台剧。演出融合国家AAAA级景区黄荆老林独有的山水灵性与古蔺人文景，将黄荆独有的山水灵性与古蔺人文胜景以现代声光电艺术、实景舞美原生态演绎手法，以自然、人文、生态、溯源等角度简约而集中展示了古蔺悠久的历史文化和绮丽斑斓的自然遗产。演出共分为《欢·序》、《彝·香》、《灯·韵》、《梦·瀑》、《情·醉》五个篇章。

殿内正中佛坛之上供奉着七尊造像，正中释迦牟尼佛，结跏趺坐于须弥座上，像高2.4米。

这里的塑像，据说是他最后一次讲经说法时的形象，此次讲经，他并不讲话，叫做“不语说法”，只用右手持一朵鲜花，让众人猜测，即所谓“涅磐会上”“捻花示众”。大佛胸口字符号，表示大佛“福德无量”，“万德圆融”，所以身有瑞相，表示“吉祥之所集”，武则天定此符号读音为“万”。

释迦牟尼的左侧，为大弟子摩诃珈叶，在这次“不语说法”中，惟有他懂得了佛的真正用意，从而破颜微笑，后来被推为释迦牟尼的十大弟子之一，中国禅宗推崇他为印度传承的第一代祖师。

右侧站像为大弟子阿难，他博闻强记，被称为“多闻第一”，中国禅宗又推他为在印度传承佛法的第二代祖师。

珈叶左侧为文殊菩萨，右持经书，《般若经》，以知识渊博，聪明智慧著称;阿难右侧为普贤菩萨，手持如意钩，德行圆满，功过无边，以“行愿”著称。

释迦牟尼佛与文殊，普贤菩萨，合称为“释迦三圣”，这是三尊明代泥塑造像作品。东西侍立的是两尊供养天人，手持鲜花，体态娇娜，也称“散花天女”。在大佛讲经时，供养天人在高高的天上，纷纷散花，“天花乱坠”一词由此而来。

大佛殿东南角悬挂的是一口明代大钟，由太监黄锦所铸，重二千五百斤。据说白马寺内原来还有一口大钟，每当月白风清之夜，更深人静之时，僧人敲击，钟声四野传响，经久不绝，可远闻数十里。更奇妙的是，只要这口大钟一响，远在二十五里之外的洛阳老城钟楼上的大钟，也会应声而和，老城钟楼上的大钟一响，白马寺的大钟也立刻响起来，这就是“马寺钟声”，为“洛阳八大景”之一，也称“夜半钟”，是白马寺六景之一。

殿西南角为___鼓。这里的钟、鼓都是僧人们进行佛事活动时所敲打的乐器。

大佛殿内后部，这尊面向北方的坐像，为观世音菩萨，由于背对大佛，又称“倒坐观音”。

现在我们看到的是第三重大殿----大雄殿。大雄殿，本为元代所重建，明、清时重修。殿门外东侧壁间，嵌有宋代重立的《摩腾入汉灵异记》刻石，毕无说它“字体绝类《圣教序》，北宋人书，犹有晋唐风格，良可爱也。”此刻石记载了汉明帝修建齐云塔的起始原委。

旅客们，我们的旅游车行驶在前往素有“东南邹鲁”之誉的国家历史文化名城歙县，那里文风昌盛、教育发达、名家辈出、人才荟萃。歙县文物古迹星罗棋布，有“文物之海”之称，全县现存地面文物600多处，其中许国石坊、棠樾牌坊群、鱼梁坝为全国重点文物保护单位。歙县地处黄山南麓，是杭州—千岛湖—黄山黄金旅游路线的必经之地。歙县历史悠久，早在公元前221年就置县，隶属会稽郡。西晋太康元年属新安郡;隋开皇十一年属歙州，到了北宋宣和三年，宋徽宗平定歙南方腊起义敕改歙州为徽州。徽有美好的意思，寓意吉祥太平。歙县历为古徽州府治，是古徽州政治经济文化中心，省名安徽就是借用安庆、徽州两地名首字而命名的。

游客朋友，说了这么多，我已从大家的眼神中看出了你们对歙县的兴趣，歙县就要到了，就让我们一起走进它吧!请大家带好随身物品，有序下车。首先我们来到被誉为“东方凯旋门”的许国石坊，许国石坊位于歙县老城区的中和街。石坊建于明朝万历十二年，高11.4米，南北长11.54米，东西宽6.77米，由前后两座三间四柱三楼和左右两座单间双柱三楼式石坊组成。如此规模宏大、八脚结构的牌坊举世无双，1988年被列为国家重点文物保护单位。石坊雕刻细腻，构图精致，庄严朴素。梁枋两端浅镌如意、缠枝，吉祥喜庆。中部菱形深浮雕巨龙飞腾、鱼跃龙门、凤穿牡丹等，表达了皇族对坊主许国的恩典和评价，洋溢着浓厚的民族文化特色。12根巨大石柱的台基，均有神态各异的狮子，或蹲、或坐、或扑，既精巧地装饰着牌坊，又加固了牌坊的根基。石坊构件雕刻也充满着特定的寓意，如龙表达对皇权的忠诚，飞鲤借喻鲤鱼跳龙门，豹和喜鹊隐含着三报喜(喻许国在万历年间的三次升迁)。

各位游客，我们现在继续往前走，不远处就是人民教育家陶行知少年读书的崇一学堂了，后修建为陶行知纪念馆。新建的部分与老馆衔接，仿徽派建筑，给人以情的熏陶，美的享受，行的启迪，力的源泉。一进大门，宏伟典雅，风格独特的瞻仰厅展现在你的眼前。“万世师表”匾额，金光灿灿，是宋庆龄手迹。陶行知书写的对联“捧着一颗心来，不带半根草去”，是他终生恪守的人生真谛。正中“伟大的人民教育家”金色大字，潇洒飘逸，刚劲有力，是一代领袖主席同志对陶行知先生的誉称。纪念馆里陈列着陶行知先生的著作和他生平事迹的图片、报刊以及世界著名人士的题字，陈设保持着原来的样子，令人肃然起敬!好了游客们，现在我们去今天的最后一个景点—鱼梁坝。鱼梁坝是新安江水系中最大的滚水石坝，长138米，底宽27米，顶宽6米，高5米，条石砌筑，被古建筑专家誉为“江南都江堰”，已被列为全国重点文物保护单位。鱼梁坝始建于唐代，历代维修，现今的大坝是在清康熙年间重修的基础上于20__年修复竣工的。“鱼梁夕照”为古歙八景之一。鱼梁古街位于大坝东岸，作为古徽州的重要水路码头，当时商贾云集，店铺林立，依河蜿蜒1000米，街道状如鱼鳞，又叫“鱼鳞街”。接下来大家自由拍照参观吧，注意安全。

欢迎你们来到中国历史文化名城——歙县。我是小导游郑晗，我会给大家带来旅途的快乐，让您无怨无悔!准备好了吗?请随我来吧!欲识金银气，多从黄白游。一生痴绝处，无梦到徽州。歙县是古徽州的州治所在地，历史悠久，人文荟萃，物产丰富，在历史上有“东南邹鲁”的美誉，是我国著名的文化和艺术之乡。现在，我们走在古城的西门，你们看到的是保存完整的瓮城。古城有内外城门和护城墙，两旁原有徽式的小肆，现在我们还能看出它的古色古香。走完瓮城，出现在大家眼前的便是一座古樵楼，俗称二十四根柱。传说古时候，有位知府，为了镇制不吉利的山势，就在徽州府堂正前方建造了这幢皇式楼阁。为了区别于皇城城楼，特地少造了两根柱子，只竖立二十六根。

谁知被人告状说是与皇帝分庭抗礼，结果以欺君之罪受酷刑而死。如今，这幢构造独特的古谯楼是歙县博物馆的馆址。再往前走就是徽州府府堂，你们现在看到的也许是一些废墟。这是歙县为保护徽州文化生态而开发的一个重要工程，就是在原来府衙地址上进行修复，恢复徽州文化古貌。这里将会成为历史文化名城的又一个旅游亮点。你们看!徽州府府堂的右方矗立着一座谯楼，叫阳和门，红石城墙，古朴典雅。走过阳和门，矗立在大家面前的就是气势磅礴的许国石坊，许国石坊建于明朝，南北长11.54米，东西宽6.77米，高11.4米。如此规模宏大、呈八脚结构的牌坊举世无双。坊主许国是三朝重臣。因平定云南边境叛乱有功，受到了“加恩眷酬”，回到老家歙县，建造了这座千古留名的大石坊。

过了喇嘛庙，透过一道精致小拱桥白桥即进入樱洲，因洲上曾超多栽植樱桃而得名，处于环洲大半圈的环抱中，洲中有洲、湖中有湖，景致十分幽雅。原有樱桃品种优良，色泽红艳，风味甘美，清代曹雪芹祖父曹寅在康熙南巡时贡奉皇上，深得康熙喜爱，并说“先进皇太后，朕再用”。此刻代之而起的是如云似雪的樱花。樱花在亚太地区是声名卓著的花木，日本作为国花，富士山樱花盛开，举国放假赏樱。那里先后种植十余品种，干余株，已蔚然成景。在樱洲上还种植了几十种花木，四时八节，花果绵延，玉兰皎洁，红杏闹春，绣球斗雪，海棠粉艳，紫荆红条，金钟飞黄，丁香馥郁，榴花似火……香风红雨，有如花海，因此而命名为“樱洲花海”。

这些花木中，有不少是来自美、法、意、荷兰、墨西哥、塞浦路斯、日本等国友好城市的使者手植，成了南京对外友好交往的象征。

樱洲的北侧有长达三百余米的长廊，依水偎树，一面紧临荷风送香的莲花港，一面为草坪广场，杂花生树，闲庭散步。过了大草坪，有一竹篱茅舍的园中园，就是荷花品种园，与莲花港相呼应，名莲竞放，或并蒂双开，或碗中吐艳，共有名品170多种，20__多盆。荷花是不妖不污的君子之花，凝珠含露，亭亭出水，赏荷吟唱，总是风雅韵事。

品种园之东就是清真餐厅，翘角飞檐的民族建筑形式辅以回廊亭架，环境清幽，更以清真名菜著称，风尾虾、松鼠鱼、桂花牛肉等是那里的名馔，为保留穆斯林风俗习惯的游客创造美食之家的温馨氛围。樱洲西南又是一大草坪，是露天舞台，每逢节假日，载歌载舞，欢声笑语不绝于耳。

现在我们穿过彩绘绘画的山洞就来到了散养区了，首先看到的是天鹅，黑天鹅分布于澳大利亚和新西兰(包括澳大利亚、新西兰、塔斯马尼亚及其附近的岛屿。)，而澳大利亚珀斯又有黑天鹅的故乡之称。而白天鹅喜欢集群营巢，有固定的配偶，实行一夫一妻制，一旦配对后永不分离。除夏季外，其它季节均能产卵繁殖，年产二十多只，经公母天鹅轮流孵化，35天后小天鹅即破壳而出。刚出壳的小天鹅毛色灰白色，几天后即可下水游泳了，三、四月龄毛色逐渐转变成白色，6月龄后具有与成年天鹅一样的体型和体重了。

再往上走，我们就会看到蓝孔雀和白孔雀，我们可以用红色的手绢在它们眼前晃一晃，因为孔雀爱比美，可能会开屏哦。大家知道开屏的孔雀是雄孔雀还是雌孔雀吗?对了，是雄孔雀开屏，那你们知道雄孔雀为什么开屏吗?这是因为开屏是它们求偶的一种方式，它开屏的另一个原因就是防御外敌，当它们身体受到威胁，或侵害时，用尾巴上的“眼睛”吓退敌人。蓝孔雀原来产于印度和斯里兰卡。它主要生活在丘陵的森林中，尤其在水域附近。清晨和傍晚它们随其群到田地里觅食。由于孔雀吃年幼的眼镜蛇，因此在印度它们非常受欢迎，在许多地方它们不会遭到捕猎，它们可以非常亲人。

如果运气好的话，在散养区的最里边我们可以看到鸳鸯，鸳鸯害羞、怕人，因此，在游人多的地方，不容易看到。鸳鸯在人们的心目中是永恒爱情的象征，是一夫一妻、相亲相爱、白头偕老的表率，甚至认为鸳鸯一旦结为配偶，便陪伴终生，即使一方不幸死亡，另一方也不再寻觅新的配偶，而是孤独凄凉地度过余生。其实这只是人们看见鸳鸯在水中的亲昵举动，通过联想产生的美好愿望，事实上，鸳鸯在生活中并非总是成对生活的，配偶更非终生不变，在鸳鸯的群体中，雌鸟也往往多于雄鸟。咱们看到的天鹅才是一夫一妻的典范，一旦配对后永不分离。

现在大家游过了天趣苑，前面将要到的是红叶谷景区唯一一处历史人文景观兴教寺。在这里沿途大家也可以欣赏一下这一段充满文化气息的长廊，也被习惯地称为文化墙壁，上面作品都是出自于一些有名气的书法家和作家之手，这些作品可能会为一些研究和爱好书法的朋友们提供一处取之不尽，用之不竭的艺术宝库，有兴趣的朋友们，可以细细的品味一下。

芳桥是进入梁洲的主要通道，是湖内历史最久、最大、最有名的一座桥，明代即有记载，几经扩建，遂成现状。桥两端堤岸樱花舒展，金钟伏地，春天红云缀黄，颇似太湖长春赏樱的景象。前方就是湖中最大的陆地—梁洲，史载梁武帝长子昭明太子萧统在那里筑园读书，编纂《昭明文选》，故称为“梁园”。可惜这位风流文采的太子于湖中落水，惊疾不治而终。定名梁洲，就是源于这个历史典故。梁洲是开发建设最早的一个洲，也是历来全园活动的中心场所。每至秋季，几十万株菊花盛开，不是春光，胜似春光，梁洲赏菊成为南京市民的时尚。我们迎面看到的大形盆景花坛，山石嶙峋，松姿盘虬，是一园艺上品。踏上台阶，看到色彩鲜艳的立体花坛，经常变换成大象、熊猫、钟表等造型，是园林工作者向各位游客献艺。中间是遮天蔽日林荫大道，栽植了著名的观赏树种，如雪松、广玉兰、银杏等，绿意盎然。路东侧的白苑餐厅，是一组集楼台亭阁为一体的组合建筑，形式典雅，色彩纯朴，巨树簇拥，迎风对山。那里是玄武湖特色菜肴活鱼宴美食菜馆，活杀活烹，上席后鱼嘴仍在张动，有机会各位不妨尝鲜，可令你大快朵颐。

前方就是盆景展览馆，由展馆、温室、庭园组成。院内陈列各类盆景数以千计，其中全国省市评比获奖作品就有几十盆。历次各种花卉展览的精品都在馆内展出，温室里四季奇花，姹紫嫣红，观叶植物，绿意如诗。漫步庭中，小院春回，修竹绿蕉，洞门漏窗，游此可怡情养性。

出了盆景馆，即是览胜楼、阅兵台。览胜楼建于清末民初，二层四角攒尖，富丽堂皇，时为要人云集联吟结社的风雅场所。阅兵台出于六朝故事，让人们遥想起南朝当年，楼船战舰，樯帆林立的水上阅兵盛况。

藏经阁又名法堂，明代所建，毁于1928年，1994年重建，它是寺僧藏经说法的场所。内供少林寺的一位缅甸国弟子于1996年揖赠的汉白玉卧佛像一尊。在藏经阁月台下有一口大铁锅，是明代万历年铸造的，据说是当时少林寺和尚用来炒菜用的小锅，从这口锅内可以想象到少林寺复当时的昌盛与繁荣。

藏经阁东西两厢分别是东禅堂、西客堂，东禅堂是供僧人坐禅的地方，西客堂现为接待宾客的场所。

方丈室是少林寺住持僧(也就是方丈)起居、生活、理事的地方。乾隆十五年九月二十九日，乾隆游历嵩山时曾在此住宿。方丈室门口东侧的钟为元代铸造，此钟只能在遇到紧急情况下方可击之，起报警作用。

达摩亭又称立雪亭。殿内神龛中供奉的是铜质达摩坐像，两侧分别是二祖慧可、三祖僧灿、四祖道信、五祖弘忍。殿内悬挂的“雪印心珠”四字乃乾隆皇帝御题。说起达摩亭还有一个动人的故事。据佛教经典记载：达摩来到少林寺后，有一中国高僧神光也追随而来，虚心向达摩求教，被达摩拒绝，神光并不灰心。达摩到石洞面壁坐禅，神光侍立其后，达摩回寺院料理佛事，神光也跟回寺院，神光对达摩精心照料，形影不离。对禅师的一举一动，心悦口服，就这样日复一日，年复一年。公元536年冬天的一个夜晚，达摩在达摩亭坐禅入定，神光依旧侍立在亭外，这时天上下起了大雪，大雪淹没了神光的双膝，神光仍双手合十，一动也不动，第二天早上达摩开定后，见神光站在雪地里，就问他：“你站在雪地里干什么?”神光回答说：“求师傅传授真法。”达摩说：“要我传法给你，除非天隆红雪。”

神光解意，抽出戒刀，砍去了自已的左臂，鲜血顿时柒红了白雪，达摩心动，遂把衣钵法器传给了神光，作为传法的凭证，并为其取名为“慧可”。我们现在所说的“衣钵真传”的成语故事即源于此。“断臂求法”的故事也一直为禅家所传诵。同时，为纪念二祖慧可立雪断臂求得佛法，人们又称“达摩亭”为“立雪亭”。