英文导游词的创作与讲解（最新20篇）

Entering the Meridian Gate, there are five marble bridges on the InnerGolden Water River, shaped like a bow. The five marble bridges just look likefive arrows reporting symbolically to heaven. The five bridges were supposed torepresent the five virtues preached by Confucius-benevolence, righteousness,rite, intelligence and fidelity.

Across the Inner Golden Water Bridge, we get to the Gate of SupremeHarmony. During the Ming and early Qing dynasties, here was the place where theemperor gave his audience, accepted documents from his ministers and madedecisions here. There are two bronze lions guarding in front of the Gate ofSupreme Harmony. The male lion was usually put on the left, playing with anembroidered design ball, which is said to show the emperors supreme power. Theother one on the right is the female lion, playing with a lion cub with its leftpaw symbolizing prosperity of the royal familys offsprings.

Across the Gate of Supreme Harmony , we come to the Hall of SupremeHarmony. Here the emperor held grand ceremonies such as the emperorsenthronement ceremony, the wedding ceremony, dispatched generals to the battles,and the emperor received the successful candidates of the imperial examinationetc. Also, the emperor held grand feasts each year on New Years Day, Wintersolstice and his own birthday.

The Hall of Supreme Harmony is 35.5 meters high with double layered roofthat represents the highest construction rank of all. Now, lets ascend thestairs and move on to look at articles in display on two sides of the hall. Onthe top layer of the terrace stands a sundial on the east an imperial grainmeasure on the west. The sundial is an ancient time measure or a time-measuringapparatus used in the old days. The sundial tells the time by seeing the shadowof the metal pin on the sundial, which has an inclination angle of 50 degreeswith the graduation on it. The grain measure was used as the national standardmeasure in agriculture in the old days. Both the grain measure and the sundialwere symbols of the emperors justice and rectitude.

There are two pairs of incense burners in the shape of bronze dragon-headedtortoises and bronze cranes placed on each side. They are both symbols oflongevity.

When you look up the building in the Forbidden City, you can see mythicalanimal statues on the eaves of each building. Originally, there used to be bigwooden nails on the roof to prevent the tiles from sliding down. Later they werereplaced by glazed tiles, which were shaped into mythical animal statues forbetter beautification. They are symbols of auspiciousness and peace, and peoplebelieved that they are capable of subduing fire and warding off evilspirits.

Inside of the Hall of Supreme Harmony, you can see the gilded caissonceiling high above the throne with a magnificent sculpture of a curling dragonplaying with a huge pear was called “Xuanyuan Jing”， representing orthodoxsuccession.

This hall is supported by 72 giant columns inside. In the old days, thetraditional way of the Chinese to calculate a “room” is that: a square enclosedby four pillars was treated as one “room”， so the hall can be said to have 55“rooms” in total. The six columns inside are gilded and painted with coileddragon amidst clouds, and the rest are painted red.

The emperors throne is placed on the dais in the center, and carved incloud and dragon patterns and gilded. On both sides of the throne are a pair ofelephant-shaped incense burners symbolize universal peace and two incenseburners shaped as a mythical animal 9,000 kilometers per day and speaking allthe languages of nearby kingdoms. Around the throne stand a pair of bronzecranes and in front of the dais is four cloisonné incense burners. The floor onthe ground is paved with “Gold Bricks”， specially made in Suzhou.

The Hall of Middle Harmony is a square-shaped hall with a single pyramidicroof standing behind the Hall of Supreme Harmony. This was the place where theemperor would take a short rest before he went to the Hall of Supreme Harmonyfor grand ceremonies. Every year before the emperor went to the Altars andTemples, the emperor would receive and read the sacrificial address here.

Before the emperor went to the Altar of Agriculture for offering thesacrifice, the seeds intended for spring sowing and the ploughs were examinedhere, just to show the concern of the emperor for agriculture.

According to the rule, the imperial genealogy should be revised every tenyears. The ceremony of presenting the genealogy to the emperor for revision andapproval would also be held here.

Now, we come to the Hall of Preserving Harmony, the last of the three fronthalls.

In the Ming and Qing dynasties, on each New Years Eve and the 15th day ofthe lunar moth, banquets would be held to entertain the civil and militaryofficials and the princes and envoys of the Mongolian nobles and othernationalities. To celebrate the princesss marriage, the emperor would incitethe bridegroom and his father as well as their relatives who served for theimperial government to a banquet.

The Imperial Palace Exam was held here once every three years in the Qingdynasty.

Just behind the Hall of Preserving Harmony, there is a big MarbleRampcarved with mountain cliffs, sea waves, clouds and nine dragons. It is 16.57meters long, 3.07 meters wide and 1.7 meters thick, and weighs about 250tons.

满天星位于吉林省延边朝鲜族自治州汪清县东南部，行政区划为百草沟镇，林政管理隶林业局,是森林型公园。区内有八大景区、三十六个景点，环抱在群山绿之中，具有“水旷、山幽、雪佳、林秀”的特点，最为美丽的天星湖湖身十八公里，蜿蜒美妙，展布开是一个佳景荟萃、神秘幽深的原始画廊，又是一个自然纯净、不染纤尘的休闲之地，在延边州内的风景中独具山水特色。

满天星风景区是由满天星水库为主体构成的，位于汪清县百草沟镇境内，形状如一条张开大口的蝮蛇，盘踞在丛山密林里，下衔百草沟遗址。

景区内植被茂密，森林覆盖率达到90%，湖的基底是坚实的山体岩石，没有泥土混杂;湖水依靠原始森林里中的山水和地下涌出泉水来补充，清澈见底，泛蓝飘绿，如玉似胨。湖滨旁幽深恬静，倒映着巍峨的山峦，湖中央波光粼粼，犹如飘落的满天繁星，远眺幽深，近观灵秀，湖光山色形成了开朗、大气磅礴的北国风光。

百草沟遗址是战国至魏晋时期沃沮仁的遗存，是东北东部山区青铜-铁器时代中最有代表性的遗存。其文化内涵丰富，较全面的反映了沃沮人的社会生活，以及同周邻文化乃至同中原文化的联系，对研究中国东陲开发历史具有极高的历史和科学价值。 旅游区域所在地区的具体部位、进出交通、与周边旅游集散地和主要旅游区十分便利。

遗址位于水库旁百草沟镇安田村东嘎呀河右岸的台地上。地势平坦。东起嘎呀河岸，西至窟窿山脚下，南侧为满天星风景区，东部的扣锅顶子山和西部的窟窿山形成了两道天然的屏障，遗址西北2华里处新华闾村后北山坡上有一处与遗址同一时期的墓葬。汪延公路从遗址偏西部穿过。

遗址东西长约1500米、南北宽约500米、面积约75万平方米。遗址的年代跨度较长，文化内涵极为丰富。文化层厚0.8米-1.5米不等，分为上下两个文化层，上层为铁器时代，下层为青铜时代，在两个文化层中均发现有半地穴式房址及灰坑等。出土遗物数百件，有陶器、石器、玉器、铜器、铁器、骨器及卜骨等。

百草沟遗址保护范围及建设控制地带内，除原有一条公路穿过，没有任何乱建房、乱挖渠、乱取土现象，保存基本完好。汪清县文物管理所，设有专职工作看护，是保存较为完整的古代遗迹。

位游客：

大家好!我叫张卓文，是此程游客的导游。我将带领大家浏览颐和园，希望大家旅游愉快。

颐和园位于北京，是一个美丽的大公园。进了颐和园的大门，绕过大殿，就来到了有名的长廊。绿漆的柱子，红漆的栏杆，一眼望不到头。这条长廊有七百多米长，分成273间。每一间的横槛上都有五彩的画，画着人物、花草、风景，几千幅画没有哪两幅是相同的。

走完长廊，就来到了万寿山脚下。抬头一看，一座八角宝塔形的三层建筑耸立在半山腰，那就是佛香阁。登上万寿山，站在佛香阁的前面向下望，颐和园的景色大半收在眼底，葱郁的树丛，掩映着黄的绿的琉璃瓦屋顶和朱红的宫墙。正前面，昆明湖静得像一面镜子，绿得像一块碧玉。向东远眺，隐隐约约可以望见几座古老的城楼和城里的白塔。

从万寿山下来，就是昆明湖。昆明湖围着长长的堤岸，堤上有好几座式样不同的石桥。游人走过长长的石桥，就可以去小岛上玩。这座石桥有十七个桥洞，叫十七孔桥;桥栏杆上有上百根石柱，柱子上都雕刻着小狮子。这么多的狮子，姿态不一，没有哪两只是相同的。

快乐的时光总是短暂的，今天就浏览到这里。谢谢大家对我工作的支持，欢迎再来颐和园，再见!

Garden area of about 5 acres, now has kept roughly want between Ming dynasty and early qing. Gardens in north and south long and narrow rectangular plane, the north is courtyard, is composed of the main hall of boya hall and water tree, the central pool, the water for about 1 mu, become dominated center. All the monohydrate bay, southeast and southwest tablet stone bridge. In addition to the waterside pavilion in the north for the revetment, the rest of the pond shore are naturally twists and turns. Take the nets garden gardening techniques, offshore for low buildings, such as cottage fishing tents, makes the surface appear open. Fanaw had stacked stone rockery, one screen at a time on the bridge. Southwest pool has a yard, water curved courtyard, a quiet elegant. Pool north waterside pavilion surface width of 5, and cabinet gallery annex on both sides. All these buildings occupied the north facade, as seen in suzhou gardens. Yard on both sides of the square of two hall, column flange pool lake stone, such as camellia, magnolia flower plants and. Pool a Ming dynasty architecture, southeast of milk fish pavilion, the architecture of primitive simplicity and easy, for the rare and precious cultural relics.

The garden more preserved Ming dynasty garden style, layout and gardening technique, winning by plain simple, natural, and celebrities such as Wen Zhenmeng former residence is located, it is of high historical value and artistic value. As a key cultural relic protection unit in jiangsu province in 1995.

Ladies and gentlemen, everybody is good:

I am the "summer tour" the second leg of the three gorges tour - Liao Xueyao, the second leg is that we visited yichang three gorges, speaking of the three gorges, as everybody knows, but how many people know? We will go to find out now! Behind me is the "garden of the three gorges project", it is by the SongMing valley, the racecourse, the aquarium... , because the time is pressing, we just visit SongMing valley.

SongMing valley, the existing more than 100 kinds of birds, such as pigeons, larks, peacocks... Countless, peacock train over there! Lets go and see! Today is "May Day" golden week, the three gorges travel agency launched a parrot performance for you, arithmetic, fetching water, cycling... Its fun and we go and see. Finished watching the show, I will take you to a mysterious place, that is, the dam, the dam being built at zhongbaodao island built in accomplishment, for up to 2309 meters, up to 18 meters, is a Great Wall across the Yangtze river water.

The three gorges project is the worlds largest water conservancy hub project, has been listed as one of the worlds super engineering, it is the last has flood control, power generation, storage, ecological type, navigation development goal of water resources and hydropower engineering. Do you remember chairman MAOs poem? Truncation wushan, high pinghu. If fairy unscathed, when surprised the world different. The tour, go home.

, henan province, is located in the Middle East, middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, because most of the area is located in the south of the Yellow River, therefore calls in henan province. Rivers in ancient times, the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and dense woods, many wild elephants, henan has been vividly describes a guy like land, this is pictographs "and" root and hereinafter referred to as the origin of the "yu" in henan. "History · yu gong" the world is divided into "kyushu", and states in the world of kyushu, therefore, is regarded as the central plains, zhongzhou.

Henan has 3: a world cultural heritage longmen grottoes, yinxu, heaven and earth of historical buildings. Eight of 11 national 5 a-class tourist scenic spot: the shaolin temple, longmen grottoes, yuntai mountain - sky river - shennong mountain, qingming shanghe garden, yinxu, baiyun mountain, Buddha, laojun mountain YaoShan - central plains comb hole. 4: world geological park, yuntai mountain, middle yue wangwu mountain, meishan, funiu, Diane. 15: national key scenic area, songshan, luoyang longmen, jigong mountain, wangwu mountain, yuntai mountain, YaoShan, Lin Lvshan, sky river, shennong mountain, tongbo - huai source, zhengzhou Yellow River scenic spot.

Henan is a warm temperate zone, subtropical, wet - semi-humid monsoon climate. General characteristics is less rain and snow in winter cold, spring drought and sandstorm, hot summer, the rain drenched set fall and sunshine. The best travel time is autumn.

Henan provincial 18 municipalities, including prefecture level 17, made the city one, 50 municipal district, 20 county-level cities and 88 counties.

Henan, called the central plains, is the birthplace of Chinese civilization and the Chinese nation. Is the core of the yuan dynasty in Chinese history before. Luoyang (15 dynasties), kaifeng (seven dynasties), shangqiu (the six dynasties ancient capital), zhengzhou (the five dynasties), anyang (two dynasties) is a famous ancient capital in one thousand. Dynasty successively in Xia Yi (now shangqiu), yanshi erlitou (luoyang), such as activation of (zhengzhou) near the capital. Shang dynasty in here (now shangqiu) capital, the company moved to "Yin" (now anyang), since the summer and Kim, 4000 years, there are more than ten dynasties, more than 200 imperial capital or capital was in henan, more than 3200 years. Whenever China civil strife, pack "competing in the central plains, henan is a battleground," China "is derived from the name of the center is located in the central plains region.

The Great Wall is one of the seven wonders of the world. It is the blood of the working people in ancient China, is also a symbol of ancient Chinese culture and the pride of the Chinese nation. Visitors, we have come to the famous badaling Great Wall, on both sides of the mountain, is the pine and cypress, like hidden-away east, birds sounds, gurgling streams, is full of poetic. To the distance, you can see the Great Wall is divided into south and north two peak, winding in the mountain ridges, long teng hu yue, spectacular, the scenery is very spectacular. The Great Wall built around the mountain, ups and downs, twists and turns. The period of the Great Wall of the wall is made in the huge stone, some stone for up to 2 meters, weighing hundreds of pounds. Internal fill soil and stones, to the top of the wall where the ground covered square brick, very smooth. The wall of the lateral horse-refraining pits of building has 2 meters high, and have made a in, next shot mouth, the inside has a wall. Every city wall, built a fortress of square ChengTai type. ChengTai have high low and high called the enemy, is the watchman sergeant and accommodation; Low called Chinese Taiwan, height and the wall was similar but prominent wall, have the crenel around, is where the patrol.

Badaling at an altitude of 1000 meters, the twists and turns of the Great Wall, such as the dragon take off on the mountains. It is not only a hardworking, the crystallization of the wisdom of the Chinese nation, is also an excellent representative of ancient architecture engineering. The badaling Great Wall, the distant, rolling hills, XiongChen, stiffness of the north to the mountain. Due to the Great Wall and grand Great Wall for to the mountain, to the mountain is more dangerous.

Here are the beacon tower, also known as beacons, Wolf yantai. Independent buildings is not connected to the Great Wall. Once the enemy pounce, kindle wars on military, lit cigarette called sunshine during the day, evening called flint. When the Ming dynasty, also on the relationship between the war with the enemy made a strict rules: the enemy hundreds, burning a smoke point a gun; Five white, burning two smoke point two guns; More than one thousand people, three smoke SAN pao; More than five thousand people, four smoke four guns; More than ten thousand people, five five gun smoke. In this way, on the border of the military intelligence can rapid transfer to the imperial city ouchi. See the beacon tower, and then tell you a story, called "must play leud" : the zhou dynasty had a king named weeks you king, he has a beautiful woman, her temper is very strange, always dont smile, think of some way to you king. He lit up a distress signal (fire), as a result, drew leud come white, she laughed, you king is also very happy. But, really have an enemy to attack, you king lit the fire, but no one come, and he was killed by the enemy. Visitors, this is a story of two typical. Reader composition nets:

Visitors, now we have begun to take advantage of an opportunity down the Great Wall. The tourists! Stepping on the foot of the square brick, holding the stone on the wall, we will think of the ancient working people to build the Great Wall.

"The rising sun in the East, the cold wind, the soft spring breeze, the newtown.". Shiyan, a city that has experienced the baptism of cold wind andrainstorm, a green pine standing on the peak of the world, is a shining star inmy heart forever, whether it is Xianshan or Xiushui!

Shiyan, my hometown, is the most beautiful place I have ever seen. Althoughthe landscape here is not listed by the famous mountains and the beautiful waterin Guilin, it has its own unique charm. Wudang Mountain, the first mountain inShiyan, is not only the holy land of Taoism, but also an exquisite landscapepainting. Wudang Mountain stands in Shiyan, and the peak is above the clouds.Wudang gate is surrounded by clouds. From a distance, it looks like a temple ina fairyland. In the drizzle hazy weather, Wudangs looming, but also adds atrace of mystery.

When I enter Wudang Mountain, I feel fresh and fresh. Whenever I smell thisfragrance, I feel a sense of peace that I cant say. But in the mountains andforests, there are all kinds of animals talking and streams singing. I dontknow what it is, but I know its a special language between them. If you godeeper into the mountains, you will have another feeling. Looking at the greenpines and trees in front of us, listening to the dingdong of mountain springs,we can feel the vitality of nature. There will always be a sigh. If the feelingahead is spring, then the feeling this time is summer, which is stronger anddeeper.

After leaving Wudang Mountain, there is another famous scenery - HanjiangRiver. No matter the surface of the Hanjiang River is flat or quiet, it is notas extreme as the water in Guilin, but it is clear and mysterious. Standing onthe edge of the Han River, looking at another self in the river, there willalways be some experience. If you take a closer look at yourself, maybe you canread the secret hidden in your heart from your own eyes.

Along the Hanjiang River, I come to a wave of Bitan. I look at the calmBitan, but I always feel that there is something swimming under the still water.From time to time, a few bubbles come out of the water, or a few circles ofmicrowaves are dispersing. At this time, gently hit the water with stones, therewill be dozens or hundreds of flying fish jumping on the water, the scene isvery magnificent. But just a few minutes later, the water returned to itsoriginal state, as if nothing had happened.

This is Shiyan, my hometown. Shiyan is nurturing every child who loves himwith its mountains and rivers, and we should also repay the land of ourhometown.

As is known to all, the silk road into xinjiang, south, north is divided into three sections, the word. And of every faith scenery lets a person miand thoughtful. Therefore, it is the silk road trip to travel.

Brief introduction of the first description: xinjiang is located in Chinas northwest border regions in China, also called, the second-largest pasture, ecological environment. North of continental climate, the winters are long and hard, summer, autumn season and hot chirp is not obvious, relatively strong, solar radiation temperature changes. So remind everybody must pay attention to prevent bask in the night and temperature is too big and prepare appropriate clothes. Meanwhile, xinjiang has the advantageous sunshine, light, heat and planting trees and the crops of thermophilic melon, improve sugar accumulation. So a luscious taste the melon and fruit in xinjiang.

Our first stop was the urumqi. It is the farthest from the oceans of the world cities, capital of xinjiang uygur autonomous region, meaning "beautiful", but also the ranch along. We recommend the attraction is the natural pasture, carefree nanshan pasture flocks, paolo maldini, compose in green grassland, spruce, combining the deep valley, and a 20 meters high, the waterf-all. Here you can live on the shores of the ZhanFang, taste herdsmen Nang, dairy products, roast lamb kebabs, ZhuaFan hand, etc. Bake complete sheep is a choice JieYang surrounding xinjiang, or under the age of two lambs as raw materials, to fat with flour and entrails, feet, salt water, eggs, pepper, alone powder evenly into paste, in the whole body, then add the sheep are soaking pit, Nang bake until cooked. Baked sheep, golden oil, fragrance waft through the meat, delicious! You can rent a horse galloping on the kazakh nomads, acrothe vast grassland of the thick forest. Also can realize kazak ethnic customs: racing nomads, thanks to the sheep, chasing girls. Urumqi seasons all appropriate, each have different seasons.

Our second station is well known in turpan: its very hot and dry the lowest place. Is extremely arid region unique ecological environment and the representatives of the oasis civilization. You may have noticed that a foot on this land, and we are the only dry! The sun is so frankly, the baking temperature has reached 50 to 60 degrees Celsius, i.e., steaming eggs. You also dont too boring, let us imagine a pleasant trip to the sauna. First, we went to the fire, the authors of shanxi, surrounded by the farmhouse here, secluded spot, vines with green, a very cool and refreshing and comfortable come, here is the "HuoZhou" summer in heaven. In these grape, as long as the timbrel rang, men and women will be averted dance. Believe that everyone heard that song familiar "to", covering your journey has a small talk "uncle"? How does not show guide So now you for it.

Small guide a bit embarrassed, here but dance, unexpectedly township in here, please everybody to me. Now please follow me to visit the shadow of raisins for washing room. Raised my hand against the grapes can be picked you cant decapitation, later will have to taste the free of grapes, let everybody fan.

To see the city will be KanErJing, it is spots with wall, the beijing-hangzhou grand canal and called Chinas three projects, it is the source of life of the local people. Because it is in the ground, also very cool and refreshing and comfortable.

Now we came to the tomb ASiDaNa - hara and is, there are many rooms vivid fresco, lifelike lifelike, still have the "turpan documents", it is the current international academic research foundation of words - turpan. Because the climate is hot dry form natural germ-free environment, so the dead bodies and objects, although calendar millennium items without corruption, the body is due to rapid dehydrate and formed the pyramids in Egypt mummy "than" also mummified corpses of exotic, some even seems visible eyes eyelash.

Now we reached the place, also is the hami melon is executed. Two thousand years ago, here is the han dynasty ZhangQian first opened the silk road fortress, known as "the macroscopic throats, western". As the saying goes, "the east sea crab hami melons as shrimp," beauty of hami words cant express. Silk road and the grassland culture were also it nurture...

Millions of years ago CengFanHua noisy here, all the time, the flowers are circulation of vast desert mysterious buried. Numerous archaeological explorers have again and again into a history to touch, the dust, touch the soul of hundreds of years ago. Loulan ancient site actually is the capital of kingdom ". Have LuoBuBo beside the river, clear. After the han and the tarim river water diverted, though, because human resource and spent a cross-sectional note glacier diversion into loulan, but soon, the time of ancient lou-lan and waste water. From ancient lou-lan died in history!

现在我们已来到剑门的标性建筑仿古关楼前了。这座关楼自1983年-1990年先后邀请重庆建工学院，南京工学院，省建设局三次选址五套方案。最后于1992年9月1日动工，次年6月28日建成，当时张中伟副省长在鞭炮声中剪断了彩绸。这座仿古关楼是原关楼平线东移80米，中轴线北偏东20度。其基础隐在12米深的地下，经过仿砾岩工艺处理，使之与周围环境浑然一体，不露人造痕迹。关楼主体，两层一底，楼高17.1米，底层用长80厘米，宽高各30厘米的细清石条一丁一顺，水泥座浆，错缝修筑，构成四面墙体。墙外用黄泥勾缝，泥中混合草籽，待到山花烂漫时，其绿草如茵，旧貌依稀，俨然久经风霜，石砌拱券门洞，拱高4.5米，宽3.06米，进深14米，南北贯通。上用三国时官方通用汉隶书体刻，“剑阁”二字(因诸葛亮在此修30里阁道，故称为剑阁，古之剑阁即今之剑门)。南向门联是流沙河先生一九九七年题写的“剑铸耕铧，戾气低沉祥气起;门迎览客，杀声远去笑声来”。二层横匾为沙孟海先生题写的“剑门天险”顶层由邑人题写的“眼底长安”。北向门联是古关楼遗联：首当要地，是为双剑之门;体若大邦，或应三刀夜梦。二层横匾是丹阳吴文华题的“天下雄关”、顶层横匾是邵宇题的“雄关天成”。关楼东侧

制高点，筑7.8米高的烽火台，四周有堞垛射孔，平战两用：平时可登台瞭望，观山赏景：战时可燃狼烟烽火，乃古代敌情联络信号，台与楼之间以城墙相连，有断有续，石级踏道，通达其间，成为关楼、城墙、烽火台、梯道为一体的古建筑群，总面积443.56平方米，整个建筑采用了“残、断、缺、旧”的仿古手法，使之新建如旧，断墙、残垣，为人们留下了对历史深沉的回顾，1966年4月20日中科院院长郭沫若游览剑门时，当时既无古关楼，也无今古关楼，只有108国道穿关而过(路比关楼低7米)，所以郭老题写了地名碑后赋诗说：剑门天失险，如砥坦途通......。

各位游客：

你们好，欢迎你们来到海口旅游，我是你们的导游__。

海口市地处热带滨海，热带资源呈现多样性，富于海滨自然特色风光景观。自北宋开埠以来，已有近千年的历史。海口于1920__年12月9日建市，1950年4月23日解放。1988年，海南建省办经济特区，海口市成为海南省省会。20__年，海口、琼山两市合并，海口市的发展翻开了新的一页。今日的海口已逐渐发展成为现代化国际大都市。

海口市位于北纬19°57′04〃-20°05′11〃，东经110°10′18〃-110°23′05〃。地处海南岛北部，北濒琼州海峡。由于它位于海南岛最大的河流----南渡江口西侧，正当南渡江的出海之口，故取名为海口。海口交通便利，环境优美。美兰机场、秀英港、新港把海口与全国各地、世界各地紧紧地联系起来;市内公共汽车、私营中巴和出租车，可以把游客带到想去的地方。这里地下水和海水的水质、大气环境遗迹生态环境质量均为国内外一流水准。阳光、沙滩、海水、绿色、空气、现代旅游的五要素一应俱全。海口市地处低纬度热带北缘，属于热带海洋气候，春季温暖少雨多旱，夏季高温多雨，秋季多台风暴雨，冬季冷气流侵袭时有阵寒。景观：蓝天、碧波、阳光、沙滩、椰林，热带情调。海口市旅游资源是以热带海滨为其主要特色，并集自然风光、热带作物、文化古迹和民族风情于一体的独具体特色的热带海岛资源、自然旅游资源、人文旅游资源和社会旅游资源。主要景点有西海岸带状公园、热带海洋世界、五公祠、西天庙、海瑞墓、邱浚墓、苏公祠及秀英炮台、人民公园、金牛岭公园、动物园、滨海公园、万绿园、假日海滩、西秀河滩、白沙门海滩等。

【行政区划】

海口市分设秀、龙英华、琼山、美兰4个区，共辖23个镇(长流镇、城西镇、西秀镇、海秀镇、灵山镇、演丰镇、大致坡镇、甲子镇、三门坡镇、龙泉镇、龙桥镇、三江镇、云龙镇、红旗镇、大坡镇、旧州镇、龙塘镇、新坡镇、永兴镇、遵谭镇、东山镇、石山镇、府城镇)和18个街道办事处(博爱街道、白龙街道、国兴街道、蓝天街道、海府街道、白沙街道、海甸街道、人民街道、和平南街道、中山街道、大同街道、金贸街道、海垦街道、滨海街道、金宇街道、秀英街道、海秀街道、新埠街道)，150个社区居委会、249个村民委员会、2504个经济社(村民小组)、4个农垦农场、2个省属农场。

秀英区辖秀英、海秀2个街道办事处，长流、西秀、海秀、石山、永兴、东山6个镇，共16个社区居民委员会、70个村民委员会。

龙华区辖中山、滨海、大同、金贸、金宇、海垦6个街道办事处，城西、龙桥、龙泉、新坡、遵谭5个镇，东昌1个农场，共64个社区居民委员会、54个村民委员会。

琼山区辖国兴街道办事处，府城、龙塘、云龙、红旗、旧州、三门坡、甲子、大坡8个镇，红明、大坡、东昌、岭脚4个农场和长昌煤矿，共18个社区居民委员会、72个村民委员会。

美兰区辖白龙、白沙、博爱、海甸、蓝天、海府路、人民路、和平南、新埠9个街道办事处，灵山、演丰、三江、大致坡4个镇，桂林洋、罗牛山、三江3个农场，共52个社区居民委员会、53个村民委员会。

海口市人口总量继续增长。20__年末全市常住人口214.13万人，比上年末增加4.4万人。20__年该市城镇化率为75.48%，比上年提高0.45个百分点。全市户籍人口161.59万人，其中，农业人口64.47万人，占39.9%，非农业人口97.12万人，占60.1%。全市人口出生率为12.52‰，死亡率为4.34‰，自然增长率为8.18‰。

【历史沿革】

海口起源于汉代，开埠于宋末元初。“海口”一名最早出现于宋代，已有九百多年的历史。历史上曾设有宋代的海口浦，元代的海口港，明代的海口都、海口所、海口所城，清代的海口商埠、琼州口，民国初期的海口镇。

从汉代起，海口地属广西;明代公元1370年，海口划归广东。唐代620__年，海口始隶属于琼山县。

1920__年12月，海口从琼山县划出，独立建市。1950年4月23日，海口市解放。

1956年，国务院将海口市划为广东省的地级直辖市。1988年4月13日，第七届全国人民代表大会通过关于设立海南省、建立海南经济特区的决议，海南建省，海口市成为海南省省会。

20__年10月16日，国务院批复海口、琼山两市合并，成立新海口市。

大家好，欢迎来到丽江，我是你们的导游黄思祺，今天我们将要游览的是丽江古城，大家跟我一起出发吧！

丽江古城位于中国西南部云南省丽江市，丽江古城又名大研镇，坐落在丽江坝中部，丽江古城是一座没有城墙的古城，光滑洁净的青石板路，完全手工建造的土木房屋，无处不在的小桥流水。丽江古城是一座具有人文气息的小城，明亮的阳光下总会有步履缓慢上了年纪的纳西族老人悠闲踱步他们对身后的目光视而不见，不屑一顾，。丽江古城的街道依山傍水修建，铺的大多都是红色的砾岩，雨季不会泥泞，旱季不会飞灰，石上的花纹自然雅致。

大家看，现在出现在我们眼前的是木府。木府是古城内的古代建筑，原为明代丽江土

司衙门的府邸，是当时丽江地区政治，文化中心。“北有故宫，南有木府。”跨过清水汨汨的

流水小桥，突见一座木碑坊赫然立于土木瓦顶居民之间，跨进朱红的木府大门眼前豁然开朗，一片开阔的地面上巍然耸立一座金碧辉煌的宫殿，汉白玉基座雕刻精美。

丽江，一个悠闲自在的城市，我们可以在长着青苔的石板路上走走停停，看老房子檐上挂的红灯笼，我们可以在小院里的长椅上晒一个下午的太阳，一米阳光，一湾春水，一片青瓦，恢宏的气势，使人恍若置身于皇宫之内。

大家好好地享受吧！

华清池位于西安市城东30公里处的临潼区内，南依骄山，北临渭水，内有自然造化的天然温泉。优越的地理条件和自然环境适于原始人类在此繁衍生息，更吸引了在陕西建都的历代帝王在此修建离宫别苑，自古以来就是我国著名的沐浴游览胜地。

华清池历史沿革

根据历史文献和考古发掘的资料证明，华清池已有6000年的温泉使用史和3000年的皇家园林建筑史。近年来，考古工作者在温泉总源北侧基建时挖掘出大量的泥质夹沙红陶片，其纹饰、火候、陶质、陶色均与原始社会仰韶文化时期的“姜寨遗址”出土的陶器完全相同。

这表明早在6000多年以前，原始先民便在这天赐之水的滋润下，繁衍生息，创造出灿烂的史前文明。早在3000年前的西周时，周幽王就在此修有“骊宫”，周以后经历了秦始皇的“骊山汤”、汉武帝的“汉骊宫”、唐太宗的“汤泉宫”、唐高宗的“温泉宫”，到了唐代第七位皇帝唐玄宗李隆基时期，在以前宫殿的基础上充分发挥地理上的优势，依骊山的山势而筑，环山列宫殿，宫周筑罗城，并修有登山的夹道和通往长安的复道，把这里同长安的“大明宫”、“兴庆宫”连为一体。公元747年，新宫落成，李隆基赐名华清宫，后因宫内多温泉浴池，又名“华清池”，并一直沿用至今。

唐华清宫为富丽宏大的建筑群，从山顶至山下，宫殿林立，楼阁相属。既合理地利用了温泉，又体现了宫内严谨的布局。宫内置百宫衙署及公卿府第，新修有玄宗皇帝专用的“御汤九龙殿”、杨贵妃沫浴的“海棠汤”及供百官公卿沐浴的“尚食汤”、“少阳汤”、“长汤十六所”等。除此之外，还修有专供唐玄宗与杨贵妃寻欢作乐的“斗鸡殿”、“按歌台”、“大小马球汤”、“舞马台”等。至此，华清池达到了它历史上的鼎盛时期，出现了“高高骊山上有宫，朱楼紫殿三四重”的壮观景象。

华清池是唐玄宗与杨贵妃爱情罗曼史的历史见证。杨贵妃原名杨玉环，生于公元718年，唐代蒲州永乐 (今山西永济)人。从小随叔父在河南长大。她天资聪颖、通音律、善歌舞，与西施、昭君、貂蝉并称中国古代四大美女。公元735年，杨玉环被册封为唐玄宗第十八子寿王李瑁妃。公元737年，唐玄宗的宠妃武惠妃去世，玄宗悼惜不已，整日闷闷不乐，后宫美女数千，竟无一人中意，洞知玄宗心思的高力士便暗搜外宫，于公元740年发现寿王妃，并被玄宗看中，为避人耳目，将寿王妃召入道观，赐道号太真，这样一来就解除了李瑁与杨贵妃的夫妻关系。公元745年八月初六唐玄宗正式册封杨玉环为贵妃。因唐玄宗通音律，而杨玉环善歌舞，两人在感情志趣上情投意合，使得玄宗对杨玉环宠爱有加，宫中呼为“娘子”，礼仪皆如皇后，真是“后宫佳丽三千人，三千宠爱在一身”。

据史载，公元750年，唐玄宗与杨贵妃在骊山半山腰的长生殿前相依而立，他仰望星空，因羡慕牛郎织女的多情，伤感人世间的多变，便双双跪地对天盟誓，愿生生世世为夫妻。《长恨歌》中“七月七日长生殿，夜半无人私语时。在天愿作比翼鸟，在地愿为连理枝”就是对此情景的描写。

“门外千宫罢早朝，三郎沉醉不知晓”，从公元747年至公元755年，每年十月，玄宗便携贵妃姊妹及亲信大臣，从京都长安来华清宫淋浴温泉，号称“避寒”，直到第二年暮春三月才返回京师长安。“十月一日天子来，青绳御路无尘埃”，他们在这里度七夕，避夏暑，处理朝政并接受万国使臣的朝拜。所以华清宫又有“第二都城”、“第二长安”之称。他们整日饮酒作乐，由梨园弟子奏乐助兴，打马球、观斗鸡、看舞马。

由于唐玄宗在执政后期整日过着“春宵苦短日高起，从此君王不朝”的奢靡生活，终于导致公元755年的“安史之乱”。“西出都门百余里，六军不发无奈何”。士兵们杀了宰相杨国忠，并逼玄宗赐缔杨贵妃于马嵬坡 (今陕西兴平)。从此，华清宫失去了往日的辉煌。后晋时这里被赐为道观。宋、元、明、清还曾有多位皇帝游幸至此，但都未能达到唐华清宫的盛大规模。

好了，请各位跟随我一同去领略这座千年皇家园林的魁力。

飞霜殿

我们首先来到的是以九龙湖为中心的风景游览区。映人眼帘的这座宏伟的仿古建筑，便是飞霜殿。唐时的飞霜殿，是唐玄宗与杨贵妃游幸骊山使用的寝殿。相传此殿落成之时，正适冬季，雪花漫天飞舞，还没落及地面就被大殿四周温泉的热气蒸腾到空中，落雪为霜，故称 "飞霜殿"。现在已成为华清池的贵宾接待室。

御汤遗址博物馆

接下来我们去参观华清宫御汤遗址博物馆：唐御汤遗址发现于1982年4月，经考古工作者8年的发掘考证，在4000多平方米的遗址内清理出“海棠汤”,“莲花汤”,“星辰汤”,“尚食汤”、“太子汤”5组汤池遗址和众多的文物遗迹，引起史学界的高度重视。1990年9月，建成了我国目前一的汤池遗址博物馆，1996年11月华清宫御汤遗址被国务院正式公布为全国第四批重点文物保护单位。

“海棠汤”又名“芙蓉汤”，俗称“贵妃汤”。始建于公元747年，因汤池平面呈一朵盛开的海棠花而得名。唐人的构思超俗，设计新颖，一方面用海棠花的艳丽衬托贵妃的娇美;另一方面用海棠花的造型形象比喻杨贵妃丰腆的形体。汤池的池壁由四块墨玉 (即青石，经打磨后，通体釉黑，为皇家上等贡品)拼砌而成，汤池东西长3.6米，南北宽2.9米，东西两侧分别设有一组踏步便于上下，充分体现出唐代建筑艺术中对称协调的美学观念。不仅如此，汤池的供水系统也设计得非常科学合理，池底正中有一直径为10厘米的进水口，进水口上装莲花喷头，寓意为海棠花的花蕊，下接陶制水管道，与温泉总源相通。温泉因自然压力从花蕊中自动喷洒而出，喷出的形式与喷泉相似，而洒下来的形质，不正是今天生活中的淋浴吗?

“回眸一笑百媚生，六宫粉熏无颜色”的杨贵妃在海棠汤中淋浴了近八个春秋。淋浴时为增加情趣，池中洒有鲜花的花瓣和具有美容养颜功效的中药材及价值昂贵的香料 (如紫檀、多摩罗香、沉香、丁香、麝香等)，享受香汤沐浴。“骊山飞泉泛暖香，九龙呵护玉莲房”，贵妃在这里荡涤尘垢，也在这里享受着温泉赐给她的尊贵、温暖与舒适。她沐浴时宛如海棠初睡的娇媚姿态不仅深受玄宗皇帝的宠爱，也成为历代文人墨客吟诗作画的素材，创作出无数流传千古的诗词歌赋。白居易的《长恨歌》中"春寒赐浴华清池，温泉水滑洗凝脂。侍儿扶起娇无力，始是新承恩泽时。"便是对此情景的绝妙写照。

莲花汤是专供唐玄宗李隆基沐浴的，是唐华清宫御汤遗址中有气势、具代表性的汤池，也称“御汤九龙殿”。当您眼看到它，一定会为它的气势所震撼。宫殿建筑面积达400多平方米，有内外殿之分。御汤可储水近l00立方米，俨然是一座庞大的室内游泳池，充分显示出唐代追求恢弘大气的社会风尚及皇权神授的至高无上和我独尊。

莲花汤造型奇特，上下两层台阶不同的造型是唐代工匠创造性审美取向的结晶，上平面四角有一定的曲线变化，呈写实的莲花状;下平面为规则的八边形，“八边”代表着大地的八个方位，取"普天之下，莫非王土"之意，而莲花设计在大地八极之上，完全合乎于根植于大地土壤之中而花浮于水的特殊生长规律;水、土、花三者紧密关联不可分割，这是自然与宗教观念的整合，是将沐浴看作是与自然的沟通，终实现“天人合一”的理念，这也就是唐人心目中沐浴的境界。李隆基是狂热的道教徒，他希望通过淋浴与天相连，在清泉、莲花的护佑下，求得一种解脱，一种升华，从而达到延年益寿、长生不老的目的。这座汤池无疑是唐代礼制宫设计师煞费苦心的创作，也深刻反映出玄宗皇帝对人间现实的肯定和感受、憧憬和执著。

星辰汤是唐太宗李世民“汤泉宫”的文化遗存。建于公元644年，专供唐太宗李世民所用，原名“御汤”，占地面积100多平方米，是目前国内发现的的御用汤池。整个汤池的设计是阎立德根据唐代礼制规定，再结合天空星象、二十四节气，即天、地、人三位一体的理念设计建造的。古代人相信天上有天帝主宰宇宙，地上有皇帝统治人民，星座的位移、明暗、陨落，反映着皇权的变化。信奉“天人合一”说的唐玄宗便将酷像北斗七星的“御汤”，更名为“星辰汤”。

很显然，这些用意就是想企求苍天北斗保佑李氏王朝，永固帝位。当然也有企求皇天赐福，得道成仙，长生不老的内心秘密。星辰汤离温泉水源近，水质，地理位置优越。泉水因自然漫溢涌人汤池形成了现代的自流水及冲浪浴的沐浴方式，更吸引了多位皇帝在此修建汤池。在1982年修复过程中，考古工作者又考证在星辰汤的底部叠压着秦始皇的"骊山汤"和汉武帝的“汉离宫”文化遗存，并在文化层中发现了中国历史上早的皇室配套浴具——陶瓮、陶鉴和我国考古界目前发掘的一的木门，为研究秦代汉淋浴文化提供了佐证材料。

尚食汤，形制小，工艺简单，并无奇特造型，相对于前面的御用汤池，显然沐浴者的地位不及前者。曾有人解释:尚食汤是专供尚食局官员沐浴的。然而根据考古学家多年的考证，只定位尚食官员不太准确。古文献记载，“尚”字还包括“赏赐、给予”的含义，而唐代除尚食局外，随皇帝出行的还有尚药、尚衣、尚社、尚乘、尚擎五局官员。就汤池的整体结构分析，汤池中间设有石隔墙，东、南、北三面修砌有入池石台阶，池中并无固定的坐向位置，充分说明尚食汤面积虽小，但在此沫浴的人较多，使用率较高，身份也较复杂。

所以推断得出，尚食汤在华清宫可解释为皇帝赏赐给等级较高的随行内侍官员的沐浴场所，在此沐浴常沐皇恩，知圣心之苦衷，为唐王朝的江山社稷效忠。由于史记记载较少，有关此汤池的诸多疑问(如：台阶下的百坑以及石隔墙的用途)，还有待于考古专家进一步的探讨和论证。

太子汤的沐浴者，顾名思义就是东宫的皇太子，建于公元644年，先后共经历80余年。沐浴的皇太子有李承乾、李治、李忠、李弘、李贤、李宪、李旦、李崇君、李隆基、李瑛共10人，其中仅有4位君临天下，其他的几位都成了皇权斗争的牺牲品。由此可见，唐宫廷内部争夺皇位是何等的激烈和残酷。

太子汤采用“星辰汤”排水道供水，即摆正了皇帝与皇太子之间的尊卑关系，解决了礼制犯忌的问题，又寓意着来自“星辰汤”的温泉能使皇太子常沐父皇恩泽。由于太子汤的四壁及池底遭到较严重的破坏，唐时的青石板大多已不复存在，再考虑到整个博物馆的建筑格局，所以太子汤以露天的形式陈设。

以上介绍的五组汤池，它们大小不一，形制各异，各具风格与特色，为研究中国古代沐浴史、唐宫廷建筑史、封建社会的等级制度、中国古代利用地热资源史均提供了翔实的史料依据，也极大地丰富了华清池的历史文化。

温泉水源

我们眼前这座拱形的建筑便是温泉池的总源。我国有温泉2700多处，是世界上温泉多的国家之一。而华清池的骊山温泉因开发利用早，并且受历代帝王青睐而名冠诸泉之首，享有“天下御泉”的美称。

温泉，大多含有对人体有益的矿物质和微量元素。沐浴温泉，不仅可以消除疲劳，还具有治疗多种疾病的功效。骊山温泉水温常年在43C，水质纯净，具有医疗价值的矿物质和微量元素的含量较高。根据科学检测，骊山温泉水质属低矿化、弱碱性、中等放射性泉水，故又称硅水、氟水和放射性氨水。这些均达到了医疗用水的标准，故有“自然之经方，天地之元气”的美称。由于温泉神奇的功效，赢得帝王们的特别喜好，并形成了一种专供帝王享用的传统特权。

骊山温泉可疗疾起源于20__年前的秦代，《三秦》记载：秦始皇幸游骊山时遇见一位神女，遂有调戏之举，神女一气之下唾于始皇面部，始皇脸部遂即生疮，病久治不愈。始皇追悔莫及，向神女表示仟悔，神女见其有悔改之意，便说：“此有温汤，何不一洗”，始皇就用骊山温泉治疗了毒疮。秦始皇汤戏神女的传说虽不足信，但却印证了温泉可治愈疾病的历史。

骊山温泉除其特有的医疗作用和得天独厚的自然条件外，还可改变植物的生长习性。相传秦始皇在冬季命人在骊山温谷中种西瓜，引起了儒生们的怀疑而被秦始皇坑杀，酿成了著名的“焚书坑儒”事件。当然这只是传说而已，不足为凭。数百年后的唐代，唐华清宫内辟有西瓜园。王建有“酒幔高楼一百家，宫前杨柳寺开花，内园分得温泉水，二月中旬已进瓜”的佳句，证明了古代劳动人民能巧妙地利用温泉进行农业技术革新。

“西安事变”旧址——环园

华清池不仅在中国古代史上享有盛名，中国近代史上震惊中外的“西安事变”也发生在这里。我们现在就来到了“西安事变”旧址——环园。

环园是1878年临潼县令沈家祯主持营建并题名的，总占地面积6000平方米。园内风貌既具有江南园林优雅别致的风格，又有北方园林殿宇宏伟的特色。主要建筑有望湖楼、飞霞阁、飞虹桥、荷花阁、五间厅、三间厅等。

1900年八国联军攻陷北京，慈禧太后西逃曾驻于此。1936年10月、12月蒋介石两次来陕督战，都以环园为临时行辕，坚持“攘外必先安内”的错误主张，在此布置“剿共”事宜。1936年12月12日，这里爆发了震惊中外的“西安事变”。1982年2月，五间厅、三间厅被国务院公布为全国第二批重点文物保护单位。

五间厅是“西安事变”时蒋介石的下榻之处，由西向东依次为:秘书室、蒋介石卧室、办公室、会议室、侍从室。

“西安事变”爆发于1936年12月12日，所以历史上也称“双十二事变”。它是由国民党内部主张抗日的爱国将领张学良和杨虎城发动的。1931年，日本帝国主义用刺刀和大炮制造了骇人听闻的"九一八"事变，中国面临民族灭亡的紧急关头。野蛮的侵略，激起了全国人民的愤怒，抗日的呼声响彻大江南北、黄河两岸。在民族存亡日益加重的紧要关头，中国共产党于1935年12月在陕北召开了“瓦窑堡会议”，毛泽东根据我国当时的形势，提出了建立民族统一战线的策略，全国各阶层爱国人士积极响应，投身于抗日救国的洪流之中，而蒋介石却置民族安危于不顾，顽固推行“攘外必先安内”的错误政策，他移师西北，把大本营置于西安。

1936年12月4日，蒋介石乘专列第二次来西安，以华清池为临时行辕，下榻于五间厅，准备在此布置实施“剿共”事宜。他一到行辕，便迫不及待地召见了东北军和十七路军师以上的军官，要他们服从命令，进攻陕北红军。蒋介石于12月6日召见了张学良、杨虎城，并向他们摊牌，提出两种方案供其选择：要么全面进攻陕北红军，要么让出陕西，由中央军进剿。12月7日，张学良赴临潼晋见蒋介石并和其“诤谏”，他至诚大义地规劝蒋介石放弃“剿共”内战，却遭到蒋介石的严词训斥。12月8日，张、杨两位将军大义凛然地苦谏，声泪俱下地哭谏，都无济于事。从国家和民族利益出发，两位将军在西安止园商定，以武装形势逼蒋介石停止内战、一致抗日。12月9日凌晨，古城学生举行纪念“一二.九”运动一周年请愿游行，准备步行来临潼向蒋介石请愿。

蒋介石听到消息后大发雷霆，命令张学良前去制止学生闹事，并声称：“如不听者，格杀勿论。”游行队伍行至灞桥时，被张学良驱车阻止，学生们声泪俱下地讲述了各种理由，说明一定要到行辕请愿。面对热血沸腾的爱国学生，张学良恳切地说："同胞们!同学们!我张学良是国家的军人，我绝不辜负你们救国的心愿，绝不欺骗大家，一星期之内，我用事实答复你们。

"学生们报以热烈的掌声，在张学良将军的劝阻下，学生们陆续返回西安。而此时的蒋介石正在行辕内的宴会厅宴请东北军和十七路军的部分高级将领，加紧分化收买工作。张学良深夜赴临潼华清池见蒋，向蒋转达了学生们的请求，而蒋介石却置之不理。张学良无奈地离开五间厅后，蒋介石取出纸章，给陕西省政府主席邵力子写了一纸手谕，欲解除张学良和杨虎城的兵权。

12月10日，张学良、杨虎城决心对蒋介石实行兵谏。12月12日凌晨3时左右，东北军外线的两个团迅速进入骊山附近，包围了华清池，解除了驻华清池附近的宪兵武装，在骊山脚下打响了“西安事变”的枪。蒋介石听到枪声，因不知敌情，未及穿衣，便和侍卫官及随从仓皇而逃，在翻越后门时，不小心摔伤了脊梁，还丢了一只鞋子，由随从扶掖向山上逃去。

党卫队冲入第二道门，冲人五间厅，闯进蒋介石卧室时，发现室内空无一人，而蒋介石的衣帽、斗篷、假牙尚在，伸手摸摸被窝仍有余温，推测蒋介石并未逃远，于是开始大规模搜山，发现骊山半山腰虎斑石处的夹缝中躲藏有人，立即间：“什么人，还不出来，要开枪了。”蒋介石终于从夹缝中走出，却意外地发现，搜山的并不是红军而是东北军，连声问：“张副司令在哪里，在哪里。”此时的蒋介石身穿古铜色睡袍，浑身是土，冻得瑟瑟发抖，在士兵的扶掖下，被护送至西安。

“西安事变”爆发后，中国共产党派出了以周恩来、秦邦宪、叶剑英为首的代表团抵达西安，为“西安事变”的和平解决作出了多方面努力，终于迫使蒋介石答应“停止内战，一致抗日”的要求，遂于12月25日释放蒋介石回南京。“西安事变”的和平解决，结束了长达10年之久的国共内战，促进了抗日民族统一战线的形成，使抗日战争得到了广泛发动。华清池五间厅的墙壁上、玻璃窗上的累累弹痕将永远铭记着中国现代革命史上的重大事件——“西安事变”。华清池也因承载着这一段历史而名载史册。

昔日的皇宫禁苑，天子御汤，今日已成为融风景园林、文物遗址、温泉沫浴于一体的综合性的旅游胜地。1982年华清池被列入全国批全国风景名胜区，1998年被建设部授予“中国名园”，20__年被评为全国首批“AAAA”级旅游景区。正如郭沫若吟诗所咏：“华清池水色清苍，此日规模越盛唐。不仅宫池依旧制，而今民庶尽天王。”

敦化市位于吉林省东部,长白山腹地，隶属延边朝鲜族自治州。敦化市地处高寒山区，地形地貌比较复杂，境内地势呈四周高，中部低，总形状略似盆形，中间为河谷平原。总面积11957平方公里，辖16个镇、4个街道办事处和1个省级经济开发区。是吉林省区域面积最大的县级市。

敦化市除有汉、朝鲜、满、回族外，还有蒙古族、维吾尔族、侗族、壮族、藏族、锡伯族、土家族等。

敦化市拥有得天独厚的资源优势，森林、旅游、野生动植物、矿产、水利等资源丰泽，种类繁多，享有“长白山立体宝库”之美誉。森林面积辽阔，有林地总面积110万公顷，森林覆盖率84.9%，活立木蓄积量9527万立方米，优质树种30多种。野生植物种类繁多，蕨菜、黑木耳等特色野生植物近百种。人参、灵芝等名贵中药材240种，是全国5个无公害中药材生产示范基地县之一。草场资源丰泽，林下草地80多万公顷，其他草原面积20多万公顷。矿产资源开发潜力巨大，已发现各类矿产资源37种，煤、铁、泥炭、硅藻土、大理石、橄榄石、矿泉水储量丰富。敖东玉、鸡血宝石全省独有。

近几年，敦化市按照振兴吉林老工业基地的要求，从敦化市内出发，围绕建设开发开放型、工业主导型、城市带动型、生态效益型.

区域经济强市目标奋斗，以资源开发为依托，以项目建设为载体，强化措施，__难题，全市经济社会快速健康发展，人民群众生活水平明显大大提高。

九华山英文导游词

good morning! ladies and gentlemen! today, with such great joy, on behalf of anhui travel agency. i’d like to extend our warm welcome to all of you, our distinguished guest from the other side of the pacific. please allow me to introduce myself. my name is li xin and i work for anhui travel agency .during your short stay in jiuhuashan, i’ll be your local guide. it’s my honor to be of your service. if you have any request, go ahead! i’ll try my best to help you and make your stay comfortable!

it’s my honor to be of your service. if you have any special interest, please let me know, and i highly appreciate your understanding and cooperation.

ok, now we are heading for mt.jiuhua, which is known as one of the four buddhist mountains in china. it’s about 30 minutes’ bus ride. on the way you can enjoy the beautiful scenery and i’d like to give you a brief introduction about mt.jiuhua.

mt.jiuhua was originally known as jiuzi (nine-peak) mount. li bai, a famous chinese poet over 1300 years ago wrote of the mountain: ”sailing on the yangtze river, watching mt.jiuhua from after, green water falls from the sky, nine lotuses appear in the air.” this expresses the poet’s great admiration for mt.jiuhua. from then on, the mountain was renamed as mt.jiuhua.

mt.jiuhua covers more than 100 square kilometers in area, which has been known to have 99 peaks, and the main peak of the shiwang peak is 1342m above sea level. mt.jiuhua is full of waterfalls, streams, exotic-looking boulders, ancient caves, old pines and exuberant bamboo. with the richly variegated landscape, the ancient temples are tucked away amid the dense woods and the air reverberates with the tolling of the bells at dawn and dusk. mt.jiuhua is usually known as the no.1 mountain of the southeast.

ok, i have said too much about the mt.jiuhua, and i expect you have got a general idea about it. seeing is beliving. i’m sure you will learn a lot about chinese culture and buddhism after the visit, and you will also be impressed deeply by the wonderful scenery. let’s get off the bus and bring your camera. i’ll show you around the scenic areas.

look! so many monks, why? yes, that’s it! because mt.jiuhua is a buddhist mountain. especially on july 30th of chinese lunar is the birthday of earch buddha, and a great buddhist ceremony is held on this day. around that day every year, the mountain is the site of a temple fair. a large number of monks, nuns, pilgrims and visitors come to burn incense, chant and sacrifice food. the activities of each year are different. though today is not the festival, we can also enjoy the beautiful scenery. they are: sunrise at tiantai platform, evening bell of huacheng temple, sitting on east stone with pleasure, fairy mark of tianzhu, taoyan waterfall, clouds around lotus peak and phoenix pine.

ok, here we are, this is huacheng temple of jiuhua street. it was the first and oldest of all the temples of mt.jiuhua. over 1500 years ago, monk beidu built a simple temple here. then after 300 years it was reconstructed and named huacheng temple.

you see it lies a round plaza. look at the center! what do you see? yeah! it is a crescent shaped lotus pond named “crescent moon pond” you can go towards it, what do you see? it is believed that monk jin qiaojue used to free captive fish. ok, now i say some brief introduction about it and then you can go around it. we’ll gather here after one hour, ok? the temple consists of four parts: the lobby, the grand hall, the back hall and the scripture tower. the ground slopes up with each part and the whole layout is natural. the doors, windows, brackets, beams, columns, steps and the cornerstone are carved with exquisite designs. in the hall are preserved horizontal boards inscribed by emperor in ancient time.

ok! is everyone here? 1, 2, 3… ok, now, let’s go to see the phoenix pine, in minyuan scenic area. phoenix pine is over 1400 years old, and is one of the four decorative trees in anhui province.

after seeing phoenix pine, we’ll finish our travel, and on behalf of my company, my chinese colleagues and myself, i’d like to take this opportunity to express my thanks for your consideration, understanding, tolerance and cooperation.

游客朋友们，大家好。今天，我要带领大家参观我国著名的世界文化遗产——敦煌莫高窟。我姓任，大家可以叫我任导游。

敦煌莫高窟是我国西北地区的一颗明珠。它坐落在甘肃省三危山和鸣沙山的怀抱中，四周布满沙丘，数目众多的洞窟像蜂窝似的排列在断崖绝壁上，看上去非常雄伟壮观。

莫高窟还有个俗称，叫千佛洞。它始建于十六国的前秦时期，历经十六国、北朝、隋、唐、五代、西夏、元等历代的兴建，形成巨大的规模，有洞窟735个，壁画4.5万平方米、泥质彩塑2415尊，是世界上现存规模最大、内容最丰富的佛教艺术地。大家在游览过程中一定要尊重艺术，崇尚文明，保护好我国这处珍贵的文化遗产。

莫高窟里面保存着两千多尊彩塑。这些彩塑个性鲜明，神态各异，在世界文化历史中有极高的艺术价值，所以大家一定不要触碰。大家请看，这里有慈眉善目的菩萨，有威风凛凛的天王，还有强壮勇猛的力士，多么令人惊叹啊！最令人瞩目的是这尊卧佛，他长达16米，侧身卧着，眼睛微闭，神态安详。看到这一尊尊惟妙惟肖的彩塑，大家在啧啧赞叹的同时，会有什么样的感想呢？

请大家继续文明游览。莫高窟不仅有精妙绝伦的彩塑，还有四万五千多平方米宏伟瑰丽的壁画。壁画的内容丰富多彩，有记录佛教故事的，有描绘神佛形象的，有反映民间生活的，还有描摹自然风光的。其中最引人注目的，是那成百上千的飞天。看那壁画上的飞天，有的臂挎花篮，采摘鲜花；有的怀抱琵琶，轻拨银弦；有的倒悬身子，自天而降；有的彩带飘拂，漫天遨游；有的舒展双臂，翩翩起舞……看着这些精美的壁画，就像是走进了灿烂辉煌的艺术殿堂。

游客朋友们，你们知道吗？莫高窟里还有一个面积不大的洞窟——藏经洞。洞里曾藏有我国古代的各种经卷、文书、帛画、刺绣、铜像等六万多件。由于清王朝腐败无能，大量珍贵的文物被帝国主义分子掠走。仅存的部分经卷，现在陈列于北京故宫等处。

莫高窟是举世闻名的艺术宝库，这里的每一尊彩塑、一幅壁画，都是我国古代劳动人民智慧的结晶。好啦，我的介绍到此结束。我们下面开始自由活动，注意要准时回到这里集合。大家在游览中不仅注意人身安全，更注意文明守法，不能破坏宝贵的文物！

祝大家游览中收获满满，快乐多多。

各位朋友：大家好，今天我们来到了有国家历史文化名城福州地标意义的“明清建筑博物馆”、“城市里坊制度的活化石”之称的中华第一街——“三坊七巷”参观游览。在20__年6月揭晓的首届“中国十大历史文化名街区评选”中，三坊七巷历史文化街区与北京国子监街、平遥南大街、哈尔滨中央大街等共同参选，以最高票获得文化部、国家文物局授予的“中国十大历史文化名街”荣誉称号。

公元前220__年，福州城初建时，称“冶城”，统治者是勾践的后裔无诸。过了两百多年，西晋时期的福州已经稍有规模了。晋安郡首任太守严高嫌城太小，便在今屏山南麓建成一座郡城，称为“子城”。三坊七巷源于唐末闽王王审知扩建新城。王审知当政时，嫌原有子城太小，在子城外以钱纹砖砌筑起“罗城”，据说这是当时全国唯一的砖城。罗城南面以安泰河为界，城北是政治中心，多为贵族居住;城之南为平民居住区及商业区，也就是在此时，三坊七巷成为罗城西南的重要区域，坊巷格局初步形成。

今天的“三坊七巷”地处福州市中心，东临八一七北路，西靠通湖路，北接杨桥路，南达吉庇巷、光禄坊，占地约40公顷。“三坊”是：衣锦坊、文儒坊、光禄坊;“七巷”是：杨桥巷、郎官巷、安民巷、黄巷、塔巷、宫巷、吉庇巷，以南后街为中心轴线从北到南排列整齐，纵向有序，形成“棋盘状”的传统街巷格局。在城市变迁过程中，吉庇巷、杨桥巷和光禄坊被改建为马路，因此：我们今天讲三坊七巷实际只有二坊五巷。

“三坊七巷”历经许多年，格局依旧，基本保留着唐宋遗留下来的坊巷格局，保存较为完好的明清民国建筑计200多座，其中水榭戏台、严复故居、沈葆桢故居等全国重点文物保护单位有9处，是中国目前在市中心保留的规模最大、最完整的明清古建筑街区。“三坊七巷”体现了闽越古城的民居特色，体现福州古名居特有的时代特征和地域特色。建筑结构布局、建筑用材上适应福州潮湿温热的气候特点;院落庭院布局上体现传统家族伦理观念;园林精巧雅致，体现亲近山水的风雅情趣，被建筑界喻为一座规模庞大的“明清古建筑博物馆”。

除明清时代的建筑外，更令人惊叹的是三坊七巷的文化底蕴。近代诗人陈衍作诗提到：“谁知五柳孤松客，却住三坊七巷间。”三坊七巷自晋、唐代形成起，便是贵族和士大夫的聚居地。特别是到了清代中后期，福州士子固有的忧国忧民意识在世道变迁之中表现得更加强烈。这里涌现出一批对当时社会乃至中国近现代史进程产生重要影响的人物。林则徐、沈葆桢、林旭、严复、林觉民、林纾、林徽因、冰心、庐隐、郁达夫、郭化若、吴石……翻动历史，你会惊奇地发现，一大串在中国近现代舞台上风起云涌的人物，他们的生活背景都或多少映现在三坊七巷，可圈可点的达150多人之众。

可以说，三坊七巷成为福州人文荟萃的缩影，凸显着福州人追求正统教化的人文性格与开拓进取的海洋文化精神的相互融合。作为福州城市精神集结地、福州名贤文化纪念地、福州传统商贾文化传承地、福州民俗文化展示地，三坊七巷承载了福州城市发展丰富的历史文化积淀，充分体现三坊七巷历史文化街区物质与非物质文化的特色与价值，是名符其实的中国名片。

每个城市都有独特的历史文化基因，城市在发展过程中要格外珍惜自己的文化遗产。福州也曾走过弯路。上世纪末，全国旧城改造热中，三坊七巷也曾面临相同的被“改造”危险。福建省、福州市及时调整思路，终止了用于房地产开发的原有改造项目。近年来，福建省委、省政府和福州市委、市政府高度重视三坊七巷历史文化街区的保护修复工作，将保护修复福州三坊七巷工作提上重要议事日程。三坊七巷由开发、改造转为整体保护、修复，政府投入逐步加大，保护修复工程支出主要投向民生，使三坊七巷的改造不仅成为物质文化和非物质文化的保护工程，更是改善市民的居住条件、生活条件的安居工程、民心工程。

“三坊七巷要成为活态的文化遗产”国家文物局局长单霁翔给予三坊七巷修复改造工程很高的评价。福州市的探索之可贵，在于同时保护生活形态和非物质文化遗产。修复后的三坊七巷不是排斥了原有居民原生态的旅游区，而是将三坊七巷打造成保持传统文化特色的居住社区，成为具有独特文化景观的城市活力地带。中共福建省委、宣传部长唐国忠说的好：三坊七巷是福州人文荟萃的缩影，闽台深厚渊源活化石，她的成功保护不仅仅是福州的财富，更是海峡两岸、海西经济区的共同荣耀，需要世世代代传承下去。

Everybody is good!

Today, I am a tour guide YanZiRu trip to the Great Wall by me to service for you, dont hesitate to ask have any requirements and problems on the road.

This is today we want to climb the Great Wall. It is like a dragon, winding between mountains. It has a long history, was built during the warring states period, enormous project, east of shanhaiguan, west to jiayuguan, the total length of more than thirteen thousand. Is the history of the great wonders of the world.

Ok, now we began to climb the Great Wall. The Great Wall is made of stone and square brick. Each piece of stone has two or three one thousand catties, because there were no trains, cars, no crane, only by thousands of working peoples shoulders and hands carried on step by step the steep mountain peaks; By thousands of lives and sweat to build. You see, on our feet square brick, every piece of square brick, so smooth, on the top of the wall like a broad road, WuLiuPi mark in parallel.

Do you know why the Great Wall can resist the enemys invasion? Because it is not only strong, broad, more important is: it has scanned, nozzle and the beacon tower. Scanned and square nozzle on the wall outside more than two meters high on the rows of buttress, it is to observe the situation of the enemy, the second is to enemy fire. Every 300 meters, there is a square ChengTai, called beacon tower, one is used for station troops fortress, 2 it is with fire.

Ok, my dear visitors, here about the introduction of the Great Wall is, as the saying goes: "is not a true man unless he comes to the Great Wall". Please adhere to climb on the Great Wall is the most high-end, dont draw pictures on the stone carving, speak civilization health. I wish you a happy happy play.

游客们：这里有两口“第五泉”，一在东岸上，碑石上刻着“第五泉”三个大字;另一个在西侧池中，为雍正年间凿池时发现的，当时的人认为，这才是真正的第五泉，所以建亭于其上。大家都知道，在历史上被称作“天下第一泉”的有四个：江苏镇江中冷泉、江西庐山谷帘泉、北京玉泉、济南的趵突泉，而被称作天下第五泉的只有扬州一个。

在第五泉东面依墙筑着一块石碑，上刻“鹤冢”二字，顾名思义，这就是鹤的坟墓。大家对北宋诗人林和靖的逸事可能略知一二，传说他一生孤高自好，不娶不仕，隐居杭州孤山，喜欢种梅养鹤，有“梅妻鹤子”之说。光绪十九年，住持和尚星悟禅师在平山堂也养有两只鹤，极为珍爱，任凭双鹤戏耍自如。后来一只仙鹤患足疾而死，另一鹤悲痛欲绝，最后绝食而亡。星悟禅师深为感动，将双鹤埋葬在此，并立一石碑，上刻“鹤冢”。

各位游客，平山堂是欧阳修贬谪扬州太守时所建。可敬的是欧公不为世俗所羁，一到扬州，就爱上了蜀岗，于是在此建堂。史载，每到夏天，公务之余，他常带朋友来此饮酒赋诗，他们饮酒方式颇为特别，常叫从人去不远处的邵伯湖取荷花千余朵，分插百许盆，放在客人之间，然后让歌女取一花传客，依次摘其瓣，谁轮到最后一片则饮酒一杯，赋诗一首，往往到夜，载月而归，这就是当时的击鼓传花。大家注意看“风流宛在”的匾额，“流”字少了一点，“在”字又多了一点，大概是提醒大家做事要少一点风流，多一点实在吧。

当人们提起欧阳修时，必然会想到他的学生苏轼(苏东坡)。从平山堂往后走数米便是“谷林堂”，这是苏东坡56岁任扬州知府时为纪念欧阳修而建的，堂名取自他自己的诗句：“深谷下窈窕，高林合扶疏。”以诗的第一、二句的第二个字“谷”、“林”为堂名。

游客们：现在我们最后再去瞻仰栖灵塔。有寺庙的地方必有塔，人们常说：“救人一命，胜造七级浮屠”，浮屠是印度梵文中塔的别称。栖灵塔初建于隋文帝时，塔高九层，唐代著名诗人李白、刘长卿、刘禹锡、白居易等均曾登塔赋诗赞颂。可惜原塔在唐武宗时化为焦土。1980年鉴真大师塑像回扬州“探亲”，各界人士倡议重建栖灵塔。新建后的栖灵塔气势雄伟，成为大明寺的标志性景观。登上塔顶，扬州景观尽收眼底。

各位游客：大明寺从初建至今已有1500多年，这段历史饱经忧患，历尽沧桑，多次修葺，才有今日新貌，来之十分不易。大明寺既有美丽的湖光山色，又有古老的宗教寺庙，更有鉴真、欧阳修、苏东坡在此留下的历史印迹，观物赏景，融为一体，令人流连忘返。

大家好!今天由我带领你们到恭亲王府一游。你们可以叫我陈导。

恭亲王府的建筑，可分为府邸和花园两部分。进了大门，站在院子里，我们会发现恭亲王府的府邸是由很多间四合院组成。看到两旁排列整齐的房屋。房子的四个角是尖的，房屋是灰色的，房顶还有雕刻的蝙蝠石像。走过正洋门就来到了后花园，园中散置了叠石假山，曲廊亭榭，池塘花木后花园的花种类繁多、有翠绿的竹子、粉色的月季。还有一个人工湖，像一只蝙蝠的形状。显示了皇家的高贵和奢侈。在恭亲王府内随处可见蝙蝠形状的东西以及雕刻的蝙蝠，因为和珅是回民，蝙蝠的蝠和福气的福是同音。和珅非常聪明很会讨皇帝的喜爱，他当时位居皇帝之下万人之上，皇帝是祈求万岁，和珅就想自己万福，据记载在恭王府大大小小的蝙蝠共有九千九百九十九个，连同后花园中的福字碑的福就正好是万福。

恭亲王府有三绝一宝。 第一绝是藏宝楼。长一百五十六米，共一百零八个房间。每个房间的后窗都不一样，人们推测是和珅用来区分财宝的类别的标记，因为这么多的财宝竟然没有账簿。这些财宝相当于十亿两白银。比当时国库里的钱还多很多。第二绝，是进入后花园的大门，叫作西洋门，是手工白玉雕刻而成。是当时中国唯一的一个拱门。第三绝，是戏楼，因为乾陵皇帝经常来看戏。所以变得有名。

一宝是康熙皇帝写得“福"字。这个“福”字是由子、才、多、寿、田组成的。意思是多子、多才、多寿、多田。因为乾陵皇帝宠爱和珅，所以把这个福字碑送给了他。

今天的恭亲王府一日游到此结束。欢迎大家下次光临。

Shanhaiguan scenic spot is a world cultural heritage, a national keycultural relics protection unit, and an advanced unit in creating a nationalcivilized scenic spot. "In the boundless Jieshi East, this pass is made byheaven. "The first pass in the world" is the first pass at the eastern startingpoint of the Great Wall. It is the dividing line between the inside and outsideof the pass and an important barrier for Beijing, the capital of the MingDynasty. Its close to the mountain and the sea. Its easy to defend but hard toattack. Built in 1381 A.D., Guancheng is a scientific, complete and strictmilitary defense system composed of Guancheng, Wengcheng, Luocheng, Yicheng,Shaocheng, beacon towers and piers of Xingluo Qibu. Because of its uniqueconstruction, it stands out from many dangerous passes of the Great Wall in theMing Dynasty and is known as "the key of the two capitals and the first pass ofthe Great Wall".

Shanhaiguan, with its ancient life experience, has recorded thevicissitudes of more than 600 years and become a witness of history. Manyemperors and generals left their footprints here: Emperor Qinshihuangs questfor immortality, Emperor Weiwus eastward expedition, Emperor Taizongsexpedition to Korea, and the five emperors of the Qing Dynastys stay There havealso been many major historical events here: Xu Dajians establishment of agarrison, the Jiashen war in the late Ming Dynasty, the invasion of the EightAllied forces, the second Zhifeng war, and the first shot of the Great Wall AntiJapanese war. Laolongtou scenic spot is located on the coast of Bohai Sea, 5kmsouth of Shanhaiguan city. It is composed of Ninghai City, stone city into thesea, chenghailou, nanhaikouguan, longwuying, Haishen temple, etc.

Like a giant dragon, the Great Wall stretches across the land of China. Itseast end is 4 kilometers south of Shanhaiguan City, and it is inserted into thesea. Like the dragon head, it becomes the eastern starting point of the greatwall of Ming Dynasty, so it is called the old dragon head. Chenghai tower is thecommanding height of the old dragon head, and it is a resort to view the sea.Mengjiangnu temple is located in Fenghuang mountain, 6.5km east of Shanhaiguan,which is composed of zhennu temple and mengjiangnu garden. In front of thetemple, there are 108 steps leading to the mountain gate. Inside the red wall ofthe temple, there are two halls, bell tower, Zhenyi Pavilion, Wangfu stone, etc.In the back of the temple, there is a garden area of Jiangnan style, MengJiangnu yuan and the east west side hall, which reproduces the panoramic view of"Meng Jiangnus story", the first of the four folklores in China.