英文导游词的创作与讲解（优秀20篇）

Welcome to Longmen Grottoes.They are located in the south of LuoyangCity.They are between Mount Xiang and Mount Longmen and face Yi River.LongmenGrottoes，Yungang Caves and Mogao Caves are regarded as the three most famoustreasure houses of stone inscriptions in China.The grottoes were started aroundthe year 494 when Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534 A.D.)moved the capital to Luoyang.Work on them continued for another 400 years untilthe Northern Song Dynasty (960-1127 A.D.).The first caves of Longmen wereexcavated in 494，the 12th year of the Northern Wei Dynasty Xiaowen Emperorsreign.The grottoes extend for some 1,000 meters (about 1,094 yards) from northto south.They contain over 2,300 holes and niches，2,800 steles，40 stupas，1,300caves and 97,000 sculptured figures that have survived the test of time.Most ofthese works date from the Northern Wei Dynasty and the flourishing age of theTang Dynasty (618-907 A.D.).Lots of historical materials concerning art, music,religion, calligraphy, medicine, costume and architecture are stored in theLongmen Grottoes.

Fengxian Temple

Fengxian Temple was built in the Tang Dynasty and it is the largest grottoin Longmen Grottoes with a width of 36 meters (about 118 feet) and a length of41 meters (about 136 feet).There are nine major figures of various facialappearances and temperaments in the temple that were built in accordance withBuddhist rites by the artists.The most impressive figure is the statue ofVairocana Buddha sitting cross-legged on the eight-square lotus throne.It is17.14 metres (about 56 feet) high;the head alone is four meters (about 1 3 feet)high，and the ears are nearly 2 meters (about 6 feet) long.Vairocana meansilluminating all things in the sutra.The Buddha has a well-filled figure，asacred and kindly expression and an elegant smile.According to the record on theepigraph，the Empress Wu Zetian together with her subjects took part in theceremony of Introducing the Light (a Buddhist blessing that the Buddha opens thespiritual light of himself and shares it with others).At the sides of Vairocanathere are two statues of Vairocana Buddha’s disciples，Kasyapa and Ananda，wearingprudent and devout expressions. The figures of Bodhisattvas and Devas can alsobe found in the temple.Some have dignified and genial expressions，while othersare majestic and fiery. The various appearances and delicate designs are therepresentations of the Tang Empire’s powerful material and spiritual strengthand the wisdom of its people.

Wanfo cave

The Wanfo Cave which was completed in 680，is a typical cave of the TangDynasty of two rooms and square flat roofs.Its name is due to the 15,000 smallstatues of Buddha chiseled in the southern and northern walls of the cave.Themain Buddha Amida sits on the lotus throne，having a composed and solemn face.Thewall behind Amida is carved with 54 lotuses，upon which there are 54 Bodhisattvasin different shapes and with various expressions.In addition，very pretty andcharming lifelike singers and dancers are also chiseled on the wall.The singersare accompanied by various kinds of instruments and the dancers dance lightlyand gracefully to the music，giving the cave a lively and cheerful atmosphere.A85 centimeter high statue of Kwan-yin holding a pure bottle in his left hand anda deer’s tail―a symbol of brushing off the dust in Spirit―in right hand is oncave’s southern outsider wall.This figure is well designed and is regarded asthe Longmen Grottoes’best example of a Tang Dynasty Bodhisattva statue.

Guyang Cave

Guyang Cave is the oldest cave in Longmen Grottoes.There are three tiers ofniches on the northern and southern wall of the cave，in which are hundreds ofstatues，and most of the statues are engraved with the names of the artists，thedates and the reasons for carving them.The sculptures are of diverse shapes andpatterns that are representations of the Gandhara Art style after the grotto arttransmitted to Luoyang. A stature of Sakyamuni is situated in the middle and isnearly 8 meters (about 26 feet) high. Nineteen of the most famous TwentyCalligraphies are found in Guyang Cave. The Twenty Calligraphies represent theWei style steles, which are the Longmen Grottoes’ basic stele calligraphies.

Binyang Cave

After constructing the Guyang Cave, the royalty of the Northern Wei Dynastycarved out a series of larger scale caves, which are the northern, southern, andmiddle Binyang Caves. The middle cave took the longest time to complete (from500 to 523) and is the only one of the three finished during Northern Weiperiod. There are 11 big statues in the cave. Sakyamuni is of dignified andserene appearance, while this disciple and Bodhisattva are of slender figure andelegant look, which are the typical style of the late Northern Wei Dynasty. Thefloor is engraved with lotus patterns and on the rooftop is a flourishing lotusflower relief.

Lotus Cave (Lianhua Cave)

Chiseled grottoes on the base of the natural limestone caves are also seenin Longmen, and the Lotus Cave is one of them. Unlike the sitting statues,Sakyamuni is of standing figure, showing that he has trudged a long distance todevelop Buddhism from India to China. A huge relief of a well sculpted lotusflower is engraved on the dome, with a seed bud in the center and petals ofhoneysuckle patters circling around. Around the lotus are six flying musicianswith vivid gestures, as if they are dancing along with the melodies of themusic.

Xiangshan Temple

Xiangshan Temple，which is ranked the first among Longmen Grottoes’tentemples，is situated in the middle mountainside of the East Hill.The East LongmenHill is teeming with spices and is therefore very fragrant smelling.It’sname，Xiangshan, means“Fragrant Hill”in Mandarin.The temple was also namedXiangshan Temple.The present Xianshan Temple was reconstructed during the QingDynasty in 1707 and this work was based on the old Temple’ design.In20__，Xiangshan Temple was expanded on the basis of the Qing Xiangshan Temple byLongmen Grottoes Administration, with a newly constructed Bell and DrumTower，Wing Room，as well as Halls of Mahavira and Nine Persons. In addition, thebelfry, Hall of Arhats, Emperor Qianlong’s stele and palace, Wing-room, JiangJieshi and Song Meiling’s Villa, along with the stairs, plank roads and templewalls have all been rebuilt and restored.A new gate was constructed south of thetemple.The temple takes on a new look today, and it is really a rare scenicworld cultural landmark.

Bai Garden

The Bai Garden is located on Pipa Peak north of East Longmen Hill(Xiangshan Hill) and was

reconstructed by Tang Youzeng of the Qing Dynasty in 1709.The temple issurrounded by green pine trees and cypress, looking solemn and serene. It wasdesignated a key site for protection at the state level by the State Council in1961. The tomb of Bai Juyi is a round mound of earth, 4 meters high, with acircumference of 52 meters.In front of the tomb stands 2.8-meter-hightombstone，which reads，“The Tomb of Bai Juyi”.Bai Juyi’s family was originallyfrom Taiyuan in Shanxi Province and then moved to neighboring ShaanxiProvince.He lived from 772 to 846 A.D.，and his style name was Letian. Bai Juyiwas one of the Tang Dynasty’s most outstanding poets and enjoyed great literaryfame both in and outside of China.He held a number of high government posts andinstructed a prince during his later years. After retiring，he came to Luoyangand made good friends with“Nine Persons of Xiangshan Hill”，who often composedand sang poems at the Longmen Grottoes. Meanwhile，he donated money for theconstruction of Xiangshan Temple. When Bai Juyi died, he was buried, inaccordance to his will, in the present Bai Garden.The important scenic spots inthe Bai Garden are the Tingyi, Cuiyue, Bai, and Songfeng Pavilions, Letian Hall,Bird’s Head Gate, Pipa Peak, Bai Juyi’s Tomb, Wogu Tablet, Poem Corridor, andDaoshi Reading Room.As a garden constructed according to style of the TangDynasty, it is both a tourist resort and a good place to pay homage to the greatpoet.

In addition, there is Prescription Cave that has about 140 prescriptionsengraved on the walls，showing the achievements of ancient Chinese medicine.Someof the prescriptions are still used today.Other caves and temples like XiangshanTemple, Huangfu Cave, and Qianxi Temple can also be found at the LongmenGrottoes.

Well, my friends，Longmen Grottoes’s visit nearly come to an end，and I haveto say goodbye to you a11.Anyway I am very glad to have spent such a happy andunforgettable day with you. Welcome you to come here again for sightseeing.Thankyou all! Have a happy journey! Goodbye!

Bijia mountain is located in the south of the city, 35 km bridge townfishing, even lu is one of the offshore island. The island, north and south 1.5kilometers long, 0.8 kilometers wide, with a total area of about 1 squarekilometers, 78 meters above sea level. Three peak on the island, such as penrack, and because of the east sea have a shape such as small pen rack bijiamountain correspond to away, so called big bijia mountain. 1.8 kilometers fromthe north to the bijia mountain, sea, during which there is a tidal waves andthe connection of the island with the passage of the natural pebble land,commonly known as the "bridge". The bridge, with the rhythm of tides is acharming spectacle. Whenever the ebb tide, water slowly to recede, both sideschannel is like a winding dragon emerges in the sea; The tide fall, "bridge" isfully revealed, through large well-known bijia mountain.

Visitors can along this section ShaShi Road island up the hill. Every tide,seawater and from both sides to "bridge" attack, "the bridge location, layoutand decoration, design practice, combination of pure, changes in the symmetry,the dispersed phase connection, a castle in the construction of excellent.Especially the stone door, knife" in the waves gradually narrowed, untilcompletely.

Big well-known bijia mountain Lv Zuting, five female palace, sanqingpavilion ancient buildings, etc. The main building is sanqing pavilion, 26meters high, stone floor 6 layer made of pure color stone, stone gallery, shekmun, stone Windows, stone of niche and stone ladder, even the cornices pickAngle, goalkeeper murals, also is all into stone. The house, the attic isexquisite, grain quality is clear, open and close freely. The whole building isboth the traditional artistic style, and absorbed the characteristics of ancientbuildings in the west. Existing in size 43, white marble stone buddhas toTaoism, Confucianism, Buddhism, for Buddhism temples.

关于英文的导游词

今天就给大家分享两篇国内关于英文的导游词给大家欣赏，希望你们喜欢哦。谢谢欣赏。

湖北三峡英文导游词

Good morning, ladies and Gentlemen, Welcome to China! Welcome to Hubei Province!

Today I am very pleased to show you Three Gorges of Yangtze River.

At first I’ll have a brief introduction of Yangtze River, the Yangtze River, the biggest river in China, the third longest in the World, starts with the Tuotuo River at the Roof of the World -Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, takes in countless rivers, and flows eastward across the interior of China. With an overall length of more than 6,300 kilometers, the Yangtze River, next only to the Amazon and the Nile, is the third biggest river in the world and is a cradle that breeds the ancient civilization of the Chinese nation.

When the Yangtze River reaches the eastern Sichuan Basin in southwest China, it cuts through the Wushan Mountain. Here the river course suddenly narrows and the waters become turbulent. Sheer cliffs and steep mountains rise on either side, creating one of natures most fantastic sights. The Three Gorges---Qutang, wuxia and xiling----start just after Fengjie and end near Yichang, stretch about 200 kilometers. The Gorges vary from 300metres at their widest to less than 100 meters at their narrowest.

Qutang Gorge is the smallest and shortest Gorge, but grandest of the three. The Yangtze River, mighty and rapid here is suddenly contained like a thousand seas poured into one cup, as the Song Dynasty poet SU Tungpo described the spectacle. High on the both bank, at a place called Bellows Gorge, are a series of crevices. This area is said to have been the home of an ancient tribe whose custom was to place the coffins of their crevices, some containing bronze swords, armour and other artifacts, but the coffins are believed to date back as far as the Warring States Period (475bc----221BC)

Wu Gorge extends 40 kilometers along which the river snakes between based strange-shaped mountain peaks, each of which has a reputation based on a beautiful legend. The story of the 12 Peaks of Wushan goes like this: 12 nymphs once descended to enjoy themselves in the secular world. Finding how perilous Wushan Gorge was, they decided to stay there to protect ships. As time went by, they transformed themselves into 12 peaks. The Goddess Peak, the most graceful of the 12, is said to have been yaoji, the youngest daughter of the Queen mother of the Western Heaven .Goddess Peak stands out from the other peaks on the northern bank to be the first to greet the morning sun and the last to bid it farewell, hence its another name, Viewing the glow Peak. Seen at a distance, it resembles the silhouette of a beautiful young lady.

Down stream from the zigzagging Wuxia Gorge is Xiling Gorge which stretches 78 kilometers eastward and the cliffs on either side rise to just over 900 meters. Xiling Gorge is awesome with its dangerous rapids, shoals, reefs, sharp turns, billowy whirlpools. The water at one point is so turbulent that it seems to be boiling during the flood season. Xiling Gorge in the east consists of several small gorges. On the top of another is a rock that looks like a sword. On the crag of the north bank are two pieces of brown rock, which are named Bulls Liver and Horse Lung, whose shape they take. Next does the Lantern Shadow Gorge, which has four rocks, resemble Monk Xuan Zang and his three disciples---Monkey, Piggy and Sandy in the classic Chinese adventures of the four on their way to India to obtain Buddhist scriptures.

Around the last bend of Xiling Gorge stretches a vast plain. The river suddenly becomes wide here. Travelers on the Yangtze cruise may also visit many sites of historical and scenic interest along the river banks including the ruined of baidi Town and Precious Stone Village.

Everyone knows that the Yangtze Gorges are changing since the well-known Three Gorges Dam Project is being built at Sabdouping, Yichang, Hubei Province. The dam is 181 meters in height. Its construction investment comes up to 203.9 billion rmb, equals to 24.65 billion U.S. dollars. The installed power generation capacity is expected to be 18.2 million kilo watts. With the dam built, the flood in the Yangtze River valley will be controlled, navigation improved besides the economic benefits. Tourism will be little affected. Many cultural and historical relics are now being removed to a higher ground before the rise of the water level approaches.

Ladies and Gentlemen, the time has gone very quickly and your trip is drawing to a close. It’s a pity that you cannot stay here any longer. Please allow me, then, take this opportunity to thank you for your cooperation and understanding, and if you come back in the future, I hope to see you again and be your guide again.

北京故宫英文导游词

(In front of the meridian gate)

Ladies and Gentlemen:

I am pleased to serve as your guide today.

This is the palace museum; also know as the Purple Forbidden City. It is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence in China today. Under Ming Emperor Yongle, construction began in 1406. It took 14years to build the Forbidden City. The first ruler who actually lived here was Ming Emperor Zhudi. For five centuries thereafter, it continued to be the residence of23 successive emperors until 1911 when Qing Emperor Puyi was forced to abdicate the throne .In 1987, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization recognized the Forbidden City was a world cultural legacy.

It is believed that the Palace Museum, or Zi Jin Cheng (Purple Forbidden City), got its name from astronomy folklore, The ancient astronomers divided the constellations into groups and centered them around the Ziwei Yuan(North Star). The constellation containing the North Star was called the Constellation of Heavenly God and star itself was called the purple palace. Because the emperor was supposedly the son of the heavenly gods, his central and dominant position would be further highlighted the use of the word purple in the name of his residence. In folklore, the term ”an eastern purple cloud is drifting” became a metaphor for auspicious events after a purple cloud was seen drifting eastward immediately before the arrival of an ancient philosopher, LaoZi, to the Hanghu Pass. Here, purple is associated with auspicious developments. The word jin (forbidden) is self-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-limits to ordinary people.

The red and yellow used on the palace walls and roofs are also symbolic. Red represents happiness, good fortune and wealth. Yellow is the color of the earth on the Loess Plateau, the original home of the Chinese people. Yellow became an imperial color during the Tang dynasty, when only members of the royal family were allowed to wear it and use it in their architecture.

The Forbidden City is rectangular in shape. It is 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meter wide from east west. It has 9,900 rooms under a total roof area 150,000 square meters .A 52-meter-wide-moat encircles a 9.9-meter—high wall which encloses the complex. Octagon —shaped turrets rest on the four corners of the wall. There are four entrances into the city: the Meridian Gate to the south, the Shenwu Gate(Gate of Military Prowess) to the north, and the Xihua Gate(Gate of military Prowess) to the north, and the Xihua Gate(Western Flowery Gate )to the west ,the Donghua (Eastern Flowery Gate) to the east.

Manpower and materials throughout the country were used to build the Forbidden City. A total of 230,000 artisans and one million laborers were employed. Marble was quarried from fangshan Country Mount Pan in Jixian County in Hebei Province. Granite was quarried in Quyang County in Hebei Province. Paving blocks were fired in kilns in Suzhou in southern China. Bricks and scarlet pigmentation used on the palatial walls came from linqing in Shandong Province .Timber was cut ,processed and hauled from the northwestern and southern regions.

The structure in front of us is the Meridian Gate. It is the main entrance to the forbidden City. It is also knows as Wufenglou(Five-Phoenix Tower). Ming emperors held lavish banquets here on the 15th day of the first month of the Chinese lunar year in hornor of their counties .They also used this place for punishing officals by flogging them with sticks.

Qing emperors used this building to announce the beginning of the new year. Qing Emperor Qianglong changed the original name of this announcement ceremony from ban li(announcement of calendar)to ban shou(announcement of new moon )to avoid coincidental association with another Emperor` s name, Hongli, which was considered a taboo at that time. Qing Dynasty emperors also used this place to hold audience and for other important ceremonies. For example,when the imperial army returned victoriously from the battlefield ,it was here that the Emperor presided over the ceremony to accept prisoners of war.

(After entering the Meridian Gate and standing in front of the Five Marble Bridges on Golden Water River)

now we are inside the Forbidden City.Before we start our tour, I would like to briefly introduce you to the architectural patterns befour us .To complete this solemn, magnificent and palatial complex, a variety of buildings were arranged on a north-south axis, and 8-kilometer-long invisible line that has become an inseparable part of the City of Beijing. The Forbidden City covers roughly one –third of this central axis. Most of the important building in the Forbidden City weree arranged along this line. The design and arrangement of the palaces reflect the solemn dignity of the royal court and rigidly –stratified feudal system.

The Forbidden City is divided into an outer and an inner count.We are now standing on the southernmost part of the outer count. In front of us lies the Gate of supreme Harmony .The gate is guarded by a pair of bronze lions ,symbolizing imperial power and dignity. The lions were the most exquisite and biggest of its kind. The one on the east playing with a ball is a male, and ball is said to represent state unity. The other one is a female. Underneath one of its fore claws is a cub that is considered to be a symbol of perpetual imperial succession. The winding brook before us is the Golden Water River. It functions both as decoration and fire control .The five bridges spanning the river represent the five virtues preached by Confucius :benevolence, righteousness, rites, intellence and fidelity. The river takes the shape of a bow and the north-south axis is its arrow. This was meant to show that the Emperors ruled the country on behalf of God.

(In front of the Gate of Supreme Harmony)

The Forbidden City consists of an outer countyard and an inner enclosure. The out count yard covers a vast space lying between the Meridian Gate and the Gate of Heavenly Purity. The “three big halls” of Supreme Harmony, Complete Harmony and Preserving Harmony constitute the center of this building group. Flanking them in bilateral symmetry are two groups of palaces: Wenhua (Prominent Scholars) and Wuying (Brave Warriors) . The three great halls are built on a spacious “H”-shaped, 8-meter-high, triple marble terrace, Each level of the triple terrace is taller than the on below and all are encircled by marble balustrades carved with dragon and phoenix designs. There are three carved stone staircases linking the three architectures .The hall of supreme Harmony is also the tallest and most exquisite ancient wooden-structured mansion in all of China. From the palace of Heavenly Purith northward is what is known as the inner court, which is also built in bilaterally symmetrical patterns. In the center are the Palace of Heavenly Purity, the Hall of Union and Peace and Palace of Earthly Tranquility, a place where the Emperors lived with their families and attended to state affairs. Flanking these structures are palaces and halls in which concubines and princes lived. There are also three botanical gardens within the inner count, namely, the imperial Garden, Caning garden and Quailing garden. An inner Golden Water River flows eastwardly within the inner court. The brook winds through three minor halls or palaces and leads out of the Forbidden City. It is spanned by the White Jade Bridge. The river is lined with winding, marble –carved balustrades. Most of the structures within the Forbidden City have yellow glazed tile roofs.

Aside from giving prominence to the north-south axis, other architectural methods were applied to make every group of palatial structures unique in terms of terraces, roofs, mythical monsters perching on the roofs and colored, drawing patterns. With these, the grand contour and different hierarchic spectrum of the complex were strengthened. Folklore has it that there are altogether 9,999 room-units in the Forbidden City. Since Paradise only has 10,000 rooms, the Son of Heaven on earth cut the number by half a room. It is also rumoured that this half –room is located to the west of the Wenyuange Pavilion (imperial library). As a matter of fact, although the Forbidden City has more than 9,000 room-units, this half-room is nonexistent .The Wenyuange Pavilion is a library where “Si Ku Quan Shu”- China `s first comprehensive anthology-was stored.

(After walking past the Gate of Supreme Harmony)

Ladies and Gentlemen, the great hall we are approaching is the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the biggest and tallest of its king in the Forbidden City. This structure covers a total building space of 2,377 square meters, and is know for its upturned, multiple counterpart eaves . The Hall of Supreme Harmony sits on a triple “H”-shaped marble terrace the is 8meters high and linked by staircases. The staircase on the ground floor has 21 steps while the middle and upper stairways each have 9.

The construction of the Hall of Supreme Harmony began in 1406. It burned down three times and was severely damaged once during a mutiny. The existing architecture was built during the Qing Dynasty. On the corners of the eaves a line of animal-nails were usually fastened to the tiles. These animal-nails were later replace with mythical animals to ward off evil spirits. There are altogether 9 such fasteners on top of this hall. The number nine was regarded by the ancients to be the largest numeral accessible to man and to which only the emperors were entitled.

There was a total of 24 successive emperors during the Ming and Qing dynasties who were enthroned here. The ball was also used for ceremonies which marked other great occasions: the Winter Solstice, The Chinese Lunar New Year, the Emperor` s birthday, conferral of the title of empress, the announcement of new laws and policies, and dispatches of generals to war .On such occasions, the Emperor would hold audience for his court officials and receive their tributes.

This area is called the Hall of Supreme Harmony Square, which covers a total of 30,000 square meters, Without a single tree or plant growing here, this place inspires visitors to feel its solemnity and grandeur. In the middle of the square there is a carriageway that was reserved for the Emperor. On both sides of the road the groud bricks were laid in a special way seven layers lengthwise and eight layers crosswise, making up fifteen layers in all. The purpose of this was to prevent anyone from tunneling his way into the palace. In the count yard there are iron vats for storing water to fight fires. In the whole complex there are altogher 308 water vats. In wintertime, charcoal was burned underneath the vats to keep the water from freezing .Why so vast a square? It was designed to impress people with the hall` s grandeur and vastness. Imagine the following scene. Under the clear blue sky, the yellow glazed tiles shimmered as the cloud-like layers of terrace, coupled with the curling veil of burning incense, transformed the hall of supreme Harmony into a fairyland. Whenever major ceremonies were held, the glazed, crane-shaped candleholders inside the hall would be it, and incense and pine branches burnt in front of the hall. When the Emperor appeared, drums were beaten and musical instrument played. Civilian officials and generals would kneel know in submission.

The last Qing emperor Puyi assumed the throne in 1908, at the age of three, His father carried him to the throne. At the start of the coronation, the sudden drum-beating and loud music caught the young emperor unprepared .He was so scared that he kept crying and shouting,”I don’t want to stay here. I want to go home.” His father tried to soothe him, saying, ”It` all soon be finished .It` all soon be finished ”The ministers present at the event considered this incident inauspicious. Coincidentally, the Qing dynasty collapsed three years later and there with concluded China `s feudal system that had lasted for more than 2,000 years.

(On the stone terrace of the Hall of Supreme Harmony)

This is a bronze incense burner. In it incense made of sandalwood would be burnt on important occasions. There are altogether 18 incense burners, representing all of the provinces under the rule of the Sing monarchs. On either side of the Hall, 4 bronze water-filled vats were placed in case of fire. Next to the terrace on either side, there is a bronze crane and tortoise, symbols of longevity. This copper-cast grain measure is called ”jialiang.” It served as the national standard during the Qing dynasty. It was meant to show that the imperial ruler were just and open to rectification. On the other side there is a stone sundial, an ancient timepiece. The jialiang and the sundial were probably meant to show what the Emperor represented: that he was the only person who should possess the standards of both measure and time.

In the very forefront of the Hall of Supreme Harmony , there are 12 scarlet , round pillars supporting the roof. The hall is 63 meters from east to west and 37 meters from north to south, It is 35 meters in height. In front of this architechture, there stands a triple terrace with five staircases leading up to the main entrance .It has 40 gold doors and 16 gold-key windows with colored drawings on the pillars and beams. In the middle of the hall, a throune carved with 9 dragons sits on a 2-meter-high platform. Behind the throne there is a golden screen and in front of it, there is a imperial desk . The flanks are decorated with elephants, Luduan(a legendary beast), cranes, and incense barrels. The elephant carries a vase on its back that holds five cereals(i. e. rice, two kinds of millet, wheat and beans),which was considered a symbol of prosperity. As ancient legend has it that luduan can travel 18,000 li (9,000 kilometers )in one day and knows all languages and dialects. Only to a wise adjust monarch will this beast be a guardian.

The Hall of Supreme Harmony is also popularly known as Jinluan Dian (gold bell hall or the throne hall). The floor of the hall is laid with bricks that turn it into a smooth, fine surface as if water has been sprinkled on it .The so-called golden brick, in fact, has nothing to do with gold. Reserved exclusively for the construction of the royal court, it was made in a secretive, and complex way, and, when struck, sounds like the clink of a gold bar. Each brick was worth the market price of one dan (or one hectoliter ) of rice.

The hall is supported by a total of 72 thick pillars .Of these, 6 are carved in dragon patterns and painted with gold and surround the throne. Above the very center of this hall there is a zaojing, or covered ceiling, which is one of the Specialities of China `s ancient architure. In the middle of the ceiling is a design of a dragon playing with a ball inlaid with peals. This copper ball, hollow inside and covered with mercury, is known as the Xuanyuan Mirror and is thought to be made Xuanyuan, a legendary monarch dating back to remote antiquity. The placing of the caisson above the throne is meant to suggest that all of China` s successive emperors are Zuanyuan` s descendants and hereditary heirs. Now you might have noticed that the Xuanyuan mirror is not directly above the throne. Why? It is rumored that Yuan Shikai, a self-acclaimed warlord-turned emperor moved the throne further back because he was afraid that the mirror might fall on him .In 1916 when Yuan Shikai became emperor, he removed the original throne with a Western-style, high-back chair. After the foundation of the People` s Republic of China in 1949 the throne was found in a shabby furniture warehouse. It repaired and returned to the hall.

(Leading the tourist to the bronze vats either on the east or the west)

the water vats in front of the palaces or house were called “menhai,” or sea before the door by the ancient Chinese. They believed that with a sea by the door, fire could not wreak havoc. The vats served both as a decoration and as a fire extinguisher. They were kept full of water all year round.

During the Qing Dynasty, they were altogether 308 vats in the palace enclosure. They were made of gilt bronze or iron. Of couse, the gilt bronze vats were of the best quality. When the allied forces (Britain, Germany, France, Russia, the United States, Italy, Japan and Austria) invaded Beijing in 1900 under the pretext of suppressing the Boxer Rebellion, the invaders ransacked the imperial compound and scraped and gold off the vats with their bayonets. During the Japanese occupation of Beijing, many vats were trucked away by the Japanese to be made into bullets .

(In front of the Hall of Complete Harmony)

The square architecture before us is called the Hall of Complete Harmony. It served as an antechamber. The Emperor came here to meet with his countiers and add his final touches to the prayers which would be read at the ancestral Temple. The seeds, snowers and prayer intended for spring sowing were also examined here. The two Qing sedan chairs here on display were used for traveling within the palace during the reign of Emperor Qianlong.

(In front of the hall f Preserving Harmony)

this is the Hall of Preserving Harmony. During the Qing Dynasty, banquets were held here on New Year` s eve in honour of Mongolian and Northwestern China` s xingjiang princes and ranking officials. The Emperor also dinned here with his new son-in-law on the wedding day. Imperial examinations were also held here once every three years. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, there were three levels of exams: the county and prefectural level, the provincial level and national level. The national exam was presided over by the emperor. The civil service exam in ancient China started during the Han Dynasty. It served the purpose of recruiting Confucian scholars to the ministers and high officials. During the Tang and Qing dynasties reinstituted and ancient system. Once every three years, three hundred scholars from all over the country came to Beijing and took exams for three day and night. This system was abolished in 1905.

(Behind the hall of preserving harmony)

this is the largest stone carving in the palace . It is 16.73 meters long, 3.07 meters wide and 1.7 meters thick .It weighs about 200 tons. The block was quarried in Fangshan County, roughly 70 kilometers away. To transport such a huge block to Beijing, laborers dug wells along the roadside half a kilometer apart, and used the groundwater to make a road of ice in the winter. Rolling blocks were used in the summer. In 1760, Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty ordered the carving of the existing cloud and dragon design in place of the old one which dated back to the Ming Dynasty.

Note : From here, the tour can be conducted via three different routes: a western route(Route A), a central route (Route B) or an eastern route (Route C) .The commentary for each follows.

Route A

Ladies and Gentlemen:

You have seen the three main halls of the Forbidden City. Now I ` d like to show you around the hall of mental cultivation and the imperial garden . The hall of mental cultivation is situated is in the western part of the innermost enclosure and is symmetrical to Fengxian (enshrinement of forebears) Hall in the east. This hall was built during the Ming Dynasty. IT is a H-shaped structure consisting of an antechamber and a main building .The hall is surrounded by corridors. In front of the hall is the Office of Privy Council.

Before Emperor Kangxi of Qing the Dynasty came to power the Hall of Heavenly Purity served as the living quarter of the emperors. Emperor Yongzheng chose to live in this hall and attended to every day state affairs from here .For the sake of protecting cultural relics, this hall is not open to the public .You can have a look at the inside from the door. The central hall was the audience chamber where the emperor read memorials, granted audience to officials and summoned his minsters for consultation. The western chamber of the hall was where the emperor read reports and discussed military and political affairs. The hall consists of many inner rooms and is decorated with images of Buddha and miniature pagodas. On the screen wall there hangs a picture of two emperors in the Han costume. In a southern room there three rare calligraphic scrolls, hence the name of the room “Sanxitang” (Room of Three Rare Treasures) . The room on the eastern side is of historical interst because it was here that Empress Dowager Cixi usurped power and made decisions on behalf of the young emperor . A bamboo curtain was used to separate them .

Empress Dowage Cixi was born in 1835 in Lu` an Prefecture of shanxi province. She` s of Manchurian nationality and her father was a provincial governor from south China. When she was 17 years old ,she was selected to become a concubine of Emperor Xianfeng and moved into the Forbidden City. She gave birth to a son when she was 21years old and was made a concubine the following year. When the emperor passed away in the summer of 1861, her son ascended the throne and title of Cixi, meaning “Holy Mother” was conferred upon her and she became the Empress Dowager. In that same year Empress Dowager Cixi carried out a count coup d` etat and ruled behind the scenes with another empress dowager, Ci` an, for 48 years. She passed away in 1908 at the age of 73. It was in reference to this situation that the term “attending to state affairs behind a bamboo curtain” developed .In 1912 , Empress dowager Longyu declared the abdication of the last Qing emperor Puyi. They were allowed to remain in the Forbidden City for the next 13 years .The royal family was forced to move out permanently in 1924.

Behind the central hall were the living accommodation of 8 successive Qing emperors .Three of them actually passed away here. The side rooms flanking the hall were reserved for empresses and concubines. Now let` s continue with our tour. It will take us to the Hall of heavenly purity , the hall of union and peace ,the palace of earthly tranquility, and the imperial garden.

Route B

(Inside the Hall of heavenly Purity)

Ladies and Gentlemen:

We are now entering the inner court. From the Gate of Heavenly Purity northward lies the inner court where the emperors and empresses once lived .The Hall of heavenly Purity is the central hall of the inner court ,and was completed during the Reign of Emperor Yongle of the Ming Dynasty. There are 10 pillars supporting the entire structure and the hall is 20 meters in height .In the center of the hall there a throne. Above it hangs a plaque with an inscription that reads “Be open and above-board,” written by Shenzhi,the first emperor of the Qing Dynasty. Beginning with Qianlong` s reign, the name of the successor to the throne was not publicly announced .instead, it was written on two pieces of paper, one to be kept on the emperor` s person throughout his reign, and the other placed in a small strongbox that was stored behind his plaque. The box was opened only after the emperor passed away. Altogether there where 4 emperors who ascended the throne in this way, namely Qianlong, Jiaqing, Daohuang and Xian feng.

The hall of heavenly purity was where the emperors lived during the Ming and Qing dynasties. According to tradition ,extravagant annual banquets were held here on New Year` s Eve in honour of royal family members. Foreign ambassadors were received here during the late-Qing period. Two important “one thousand old men` s feasts” of the Qing Dynasty were also held here. All the invitees had to be at least 65 years of age.

This hall was also used for mourning services.

(Inside the Palace of Union and Peace)

this hall sits between the Hall of heavenly Purity and the Palace of Earthly Tranquility, symbolizing the union of heaven and earth ,as well as national peace .It was first built in 1420 and reconstructed in 1798. The hall is square in shape ,and is smaller than the Hall of complete Harmony .You will see a plaque here inscribed with two Chinese characters, wu wei, which were handwritten by Emperor Qianglong. A throne sits in the middle of the hall with a screen behind it .Above the throne there hangs a caisson ,or covered ceiling. The emperor held birthday celebrations and other major events here.

In 1748 during Emperor Qianlong` s reign, 25 jade seals representing imperial authority were kept in this hall .No seals were allowed out of the room without the prior consent of the emperor. On each flack there is a water clock and a chiming clock.

(Inside the palace of earthly tranquility)

This used to be the central hall where successive Ming empresses lived. During the Qing dynasty, it was converted into a place where sacrifices and wedding ceremonies were held .The room on the western side was used for sacrifices and the room on the east was the seeding chamber.

Route C

Ladies and Gentlemen:

You have seen the three main halls of the Forbidden City. Now I` d like to show you around scenes of interest along the eastern route. The first is the Treasure Hall. This mansion is called the Hall of Imperial Zenith. This is where Sing Emperor Quailing lived after abdication. Nearly 1,000 artifacts and treasures are on display here, among which the Golden Hair Tower is one of the most famous. This tower is 1.53meters in height and its base is 0.53 meters in circumference .It was built under the order of Emperor Quailing to be used to collect fallen hair in commemoration of his mother. There is also a “Day harnessing Water Jade Hill ” on display here. Yu was a legendary monarch of the remote Ixia dynasty. Under his leadership, the people learned how to harness the Yellow River. This jade assemblage, 224 centimeters in height and 5 tons in weight, is the largest jade artwork in China. This mat was woven with peeled ivory. These artifacts are among China` s rarest treasures.

(In front of the Nine-Dragon Screen)

this is the Nine-Dragon Relief Screen .Erected in 1773,it is 3.5 meters in height and 29.4 meters in width. Underneath is a foundation made of marble .The surface of the screen is laid with a total of 270 colored, glazed tiles in the design of 9 dragons ,some rocky mountains ,clouds and the sea. It was meant to ward off evil spirits The ancient Chinese regarded 9 dragons, some rocky mountains, clouds and the sea. It was meant to ward off evil spirits .The ancient Chinese regarded 9 as the largest numeral and the dragon as a auspicious beast .The 9 dragons are different in color and posture and all are made of glazed tiles. Interestingly a piece of the third dragon from the left is made of wood. It is believe that when the Nine-dragon Screen was almost finished ,a piece of glazed tile was damaged .Emperor Qianlong was scheduled to inspect the work the following day .Using quick wits, the craftsman in question molded the missing piece with clay and sailed through the imperial inspection. Later ,he asked a carpenter to carve a wooden one to replace the one made of clay.

(Approaching the Imperial Garden)

Behind the Palace of Earthly Tranquility and trading the north-south axis is the imperial Garden. There are old trees, rare flowers and exotic rock formation in this garden .It cover a space of 11,700 square meters, or roughly 1.7 percent of the Forbidden City. Most of the structures in the garden are symmetrically arranged . However, each is different in terms of parrern and decoration. Woods clumps of bamboo screen off the garden and strengthens its deep and serene atmosphere.

There main structure of the Imperial Garden is the Qin` an Hall. Positioned in the central-northern part of the garden ,this hall is flanked by other halls and pavilions on the east and west. The hall sits on a marble pedestal. The Taoist deity of Zhenwu is enshrined here and emperor would pay homage here a quarterly basis. Taoist rites were held during the reign of Emperor Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty. In front of the hall there is a cypress that is 400 years old .In all there are a dozen such rare trees in the garden, and most of them are cypresses or pines. To the northwest of the hall , there is the Yanhui(Sustaining Sunshine) Pavilion and to the northeast there lies the Duixiu (Accumulated Refinement )Hill. This Hill was built over the foundation of the long- pershed Guanhua (Admiring Flowers) Hall of the Ming Dynasty. It is 14 meters in height and made of al kinds of rocks quarried in jiang su province. At its base stand two nstone lions, each carrying a dragon shooting water 10 meters up into the air from its mouth. There are meandering paths leading to the hilltop. At the top of Duixiu Hill sits the Yujing (Imperial Viewing)Pavilion. Traditionally, On the day of the Double Ninth Festival (the ninth day of the ninth lunar month ), the emperor ,his consort, and his concubines would climb up to Yujing Pavilion to enjoy the scenery.

At the southeastern corner of the Garden is Jiangxue(Crimson Snowy) Verandah. Nearby to the southwest lies Yangxing Study (study of the cultivation of nature) .The yangxing study was used as a royal library during the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty. The last emperor of the Qing Dynasty, Puyi once studied English there. In front of the Jiangxue Verandah some Chinese flowering crabapples grow. The structure got its name from the crabapples who blossoms trun from crimson to snowy white. In front of the Verandah, there grows a rare flower that was brought from henna Province under the order of Empress dowager Cixi. In the northest is Chizao Tang (Hall of Using Flowery Language), once used as a library where rare books were stored.

There are also specific pavilions symbolizing the four seasons .The halls of Wanchun and Qianqiu ,representing spring and autumn respectively ,are square in shape and are coupled with multiple eaves and bell-shape and are coupled with multiple eaves and bell-shaped ridges. The halls of Chengrui and Fubi,dedecated to winter and summer, are characterized by two verandahs and bridges at their bases .Paths were paved with colorful pebbles and arranged in 900 different designs.

The Imperial Garden can be accessed through the Qiong yuan (Jade Garden )West gate or the qiong yuan east gate. A third gate, the shunzhen(Obedience and Fidelity)Gate, opens to the north. Its doors are laid in glazed tiles and it was only used by the empress or concubines.

As our tour of the Forbidden City draws to a close, I hope that I have helped you understand why the Palace is a treasure of China and one of the cultural relics of the world. It is under the strict protection of the Chinese government. Since 1949 when the people` s Rupublic of China was founded, nearly one trillion RMB was spent on its restoration and refurbishment. The Forbidden City has undergone four major facelifts to date. Each year, the government earmarks a large sum to gather, sort and study cultural relics. The Palace now contains a total of 930,000cultural relics. Well, so much for today .Let` s go to reboard the coach. Thank you !

Emeishan jinding is the second highest peak, elevation 3077 meters, near here for subalpine coniferous forest vegetation, mainly fir, forests, in addition to the emei rose, cold arrow bamboos, cuckoo thereof and only grass, grass, big Ye Liu delay age old rare plants. To protect the natural vegetation.

Scenic area in new established area of 400 hectares of fir and single blade of grass, grass delay aging reserves. The earliest jinding building of east... PuGuangDian when han, tang, song to light temple, Ming HongWuShi treasure haze monks rebuilt, as the iron tile temple. Siwa, copper tile so when two temple for Ming monk to create. Jinding Andy Jackson created for Ming wanli wonderful peak tongdian, wanli Zhu Xu hook title "yong Ming temple". Jinding name, that is, from the "mirage". According to relevant data records, Andy two zhangs four feet five inches, ten feet wide three feet five inches, ten feet deep three feet five inches, doors and Windows walls all tile column is mixed gold bronze casting, for like samantabhadra bodhisattva, column beside small statue of Buddha, gate road map carved on the walls of the shu mountains and rivers, exquisite workmanship, amazing.

When the morning sun exposure to the top of the hill, Andy into the sun was shining and dazzling, very spectacular, so people call it "jinding". But in qing dynasty daoguang years, due to a fire, burning crumbled the mirage, surviving only 1 bronze tablet, king side is sulfur from transactions and set of wang xizhi word "big asan yong Ming Tibetan temple new tongdian", one side is Fu Guangzhai from and set b word "emei samantabhadra mirage", existing in the China Tibetan temple, otherwise a few fan original Andy Windows Tibetan temple also exist in China. From the few relics, we can infer that Andy how brilliant spectacular. Jinding tongdian destroyed, guangxu years heart qi monk at the site in the brick. On April 8, 1972 and unfortunately caught fire, the whole China Tibetan temple once again reduced to ashes. In 1986, the state allocated 2.6 million yuan, the reconstruction of China Tibetan temple, on September 11, 1990. Nowadays China Tibetan temple than previously China Tibetan temple scale, building high quality, flying pavilion flow Dan, macro magnificent and grand temple word, towering.

Location: located in the southwest edge of sichuan province to the qinghai-tibet plateau transition zone, the north is 120 km from chengdu, east 38 kilometers away from leshan. Tickets: tickets for the mountains RMB 120 / person (not including insurance, excluding temple); Mountain tourist ticket zhongshan section between 40 yuan/person, mountain period from 30 yuan/person, the whole period of between 70 yuan/person; Wan and sightseeing small train ticket back and forth the whole top fares 60 yuan/person. Transportation: mount emei one and a half hours drive from chengdu shuangliu international airport, the whole high-speed, the transportation is convenient. Leshan giant Buddha 38 km distance, between in leshan and mount emei perennial are tourism hotline, there is a train every 10 minutes to emei mountain, unilateral drive less than an hour. Specialty: bamboo tea, emei mountain spirit monkey, snow MoYu, bamboo shoot, etc. Warm prompt: emeishan monkey is very much, especially must not take the initiative to provoke, valuables close in place, can buy a crutch, as well as self-defense, and can be used to walk.

Ladies and gentlemen, today we are going to visit a famous Buddhist temple---the Jade Buddha Temple.

Before visiting the temple, I’d like to say a few words about the religious situation in Shanghai. Our constitution stipulates that every Chinese citizen is ensured the freedom of religious belief. There are four major religions in practice in Shanghai, namely, Buddhism, Taoism, Islam, and Christianity, which is sub-divided into the Catholic Church and the Protestant Church. When it comes to Buddhist temples in China, they are usually classified into three sects, i.e. temples for meditation, for preaching and for practicing Buddhist disciplines. The Jade Buddha Temple is a temple for meditation, and is well-known both at home and abroad.

The temple was first built during the reign of Emperor Guangxu of Qing Dynasty, when a monk named Hui Gen went on a pilgrimage to Burma and brought back five jade statues of Sakyamuni. On his way back to Mount Putuo via Shanghai, he left two jade statues here, one in sitting posture and the other, reclining. He had a temple specially built as a shrine for these two statues in 1882. later the temple was

partly destroyed by fire and in 1928 a new temple was completed on the present site.

Just opposite the temple gate, there stands a giant screen wall. Various designs, such as dragon, phoenix, elephant, crane and peony are carved on it. In Chinese legend, all these things are considered the symbols of fortune, wealth, longevity and auspiciousness. Chinese people used to set up a wall in front of the house so as to keep the evils away.

Now ladies and gentlemen, please turn around. Here we can see the temple gate. It is also called the Sanmen Gate, or say, the Gate of Three Extrications. The door in the middle is called the Door of Emptiness, to its right is the Door of Non-phenomenon, and to its left, the Door of Non-Action. Sanmen Gate is also called the Mountain Gate because most famous temples in China are found deep in mountains. But the Sanmen gate does not open except on the first and the fifteenth of every lunar month. Now this way to the entrance.

Ladies and gentlemen, the first hall is the Heavenly King Hall. We will use the rear door, please follow me.

(in the Heavenly King Hall next to the southern entrance)

Here we can find the statue of a fat and smiling monk with bared belly. He is Bodhisattva Maitreya. His smile is so contagious that you will smile with him and forget all your worries. So he is also called the Laughing Buddha. According to Buddhist scripture, he is now practicing Buddhism in the Tusita Heaven. After 4000 years, which is equal to 5.67 billion years on the earth, he will become successor to Sakyamuni under a Long Hua Tree in Hualin Garden. Hence another name the Future Buddha.

But this statue we see here is not the real image of Bodhisattva Maitreya, it is just his incarnation.. it is said that During the Five Dynasties Period, 1000 years ago, there lived in Fenhua in Zhejiang Province a monk named Qi Ci, who always carried a wooden staff with a cloth sack on his shoulder. He often went around towns and in streets to beg alms. Therefore he became known as “the Cloth Sack Monk”. He always smiled and laughed, looking as happy as ever.

When he was dying, he left the message saying that he was the incarnation of Bodhisattva Maitreya. So his image is enshrined in the Buddhist Temple as the incarnation of Bodhisattva Maitreya.

(on the eastern side of the Heavenly King Hall)

On the two sides of the hall are enshrined four statues. They are so-called Four Heavenly Kings. In the Buddhist legend, there is in the center of the world a highest mountain called Mount Sumeru. Halfway on it is a mountain called Mount Ghandara with four peaks. On each peak lives a Heavenly King protecting the Buddhist heaven. The first one is the Southern King---King of Developing Merits. His duty is to educate all living creatures and develop king-heartedness.

He is holding a sword in his hand which can emit a ray to chop off the enemies’ heads. The one next to him is the Eastern King---King of Protection for Buddhism. He is holding in his hand a pipa, which is somewhat like a guitar. With this pipa, he offers music to the Buddha. Meanwhile this pipa is a magic weapon. It can send out a musical rhythm to defeat the enemy by tormenting brain and causing him to lose combatability. Now ladies and gentlemen, please come over to this side.(on the western side of the Heavenly King Hall)

The first one on this side is the Northern King---King of Virtue. He is so called because of his virtue. He is holding a parasol-shaped stela in his hand. The parasol can be opened into a canopy in Buddhist processions. It is at the same time a magic umbrella. Once it is opened in the battle field, the sky turns dark and a wind-storm rises, defeating the enemy with a dizzy spell and then it closes up capturing all the enemies. Next to him is the Western King---King of Far Sight.

He observes the world with his penetrating eyes. He is holding a dragon-shaped silk rope. The rope is actually a net, with which he converts people to Buddhism just like catching fish with a net. This dragon also has a magic power. It can spurt water from its mouth and drown the enemy in floods.

(in the Heavenly King Hall next to the rear door)

The Statue facing the rear door is Bodhisattva Skanda. He is always dressed in armour with a worrior’s club in his hand. Originally he was one of the eight heavenly generals under the Southern King of Developing Merits. Later he has been enshrined here because of his bravery. He is also a god of message, a fleet-foot runner, so when visitors come to the temple, he will immediately report to the Buddha in the Grand Hall.

Now ladies and gentlemen, that’s all for the Heavenly King Hall. Please follow me and look out the threshold and the steps.

Now we can see a giant tripod in the courtyard. It is actually a giant incense burner. It was donated by some Buddhist laymen who believed that by donating something the Buddha they can help purify the souls of their dead relatives from sins and relieve them from purgatory.

Now this is the main hall, known as the Grand Hall or Grand Hall of the Great Sage. It is the main structure in every Buddhist temple, where the statue of Sakyamuni, the founder of Buddhism is enshrined.

今天，我们学校组织了一年一度的修学游。这次我们去的地方是岭南印象园。

今天早上，我起了个大早，哼着愉快的小曲，踏上了春游的旅程。

经过一个多小时的车程，我们终于来到了广州的岭南印象园。

我们一进门就看见了翠绿满园、百花怒放的美丽的风景图。

接着到了看表演的时间了，我们先是去了“珠江剧场”看了一场表演，十分精彩。先是把几十千克重的大缸玩得像泡沫一般轻似的，从这只手抛到那只手，又从那只手抛到头顶上，好精彩!

接着，就到了“次要”的午餐时间了!同学们以迅雷不及掩耳之势找好位子，坐下拿出午餐来分享。哇!午餐有鸡翅，有鱼旦、煎饺、肠仔、寿司……目不暇接，恨不得一口把所有的东西吃光!于是同学们就像饿狼捕食般扑向食物，狼吞虎咽的大口大口的吃起了午餐。

午餐结束，又是到了看戏时间。

看完戏，就到了主要(对于同学们来说)的自由活动时间!

我们小组一路狂奔们来到了乡村漂流的游戏，就观赏了许多美景：有赛龙舟，有木棉花开……

接着我们到了“海盗船”的机动游戏。大家蜂拥而至，人山人海，排起了长龙。终于到我们了，我揣着一颗激动而紧张的心忐忑低上了海盗船。只听“哔——”的一声，“船”开动了。船来了一个“慢摇”就把我吓得不轻，我渐渐开始害怕了，可是现在后悔都来不及了。船摇摆到了九十度角!我感觉我身处离地三千尺，一阵眩晕后，船终于]

平缓了，我也感觉我快要吐了。

时间爷爷把手轻轻一挥，我们的修学游也结束了。我们恋恋不舍地望着“岭南印象园”。我心里默默地想：再见了，岭南印象园，我会永远记住这一次春游的……

Each came from friends hello:

You all the way hard, welcome everyone to tianzhu mountain tourism! Tianzhu mountain scenic spot for you the arrival of times add luster! I am from anhui province travel guide, my name is wang ping, a vertical three horizontal king, you can call me xiao wang or Wang Dao. The sitting next to us, is our driver Mr. Wang, Mr. Wang is an old driver, with many years of driving experience so you can feel free in his car! In todays tour, if you have any questions, can put forward to us, we will solve for you as soon as possible. Well, finally, I wish all have a nice trip to the tianzhu mountain in advance!

Now its early, first let me introduce the general situation of tianzhu mountain! Tianzhu mountain in the Yangtze river north shore, buried hill in anhui province, because of its high standing, such as giant column named giant. Tianzhu mountain in the past, and long live the buried hill, anhui mountain, hill said. Said, it is said, long live the mountain, is because of the emperor southern in anhui mountain set the yue, ChiFeng mountain of anhui province as the "le", in the yue, the crowd shouted long live, long live the so called the mountain mountain.

Car continuous driving bridge, we have entered nanshao - three ancestral temple of tianzhu mountain scenic area. Three ancestral temple scenic spot is humanities of tianzhu mountain scenic spot the most concentrated, high cultural taste of a cultural scenic spot. Here we will feel the tianzhu mountain mysterious religious culture and imperial culture, to have all previous dynasties calligraphy art gallery of national key units to be bump moya carved stone group.

South into the savage village near the upward to reach three ancestral temple. This is one of the most famous scenic spot of tianzhu mountain. According to legend, the temple was built in the southern dynasty, is now only the scripture-stored, between wing and stands before the temple tower of silence. Three ancestral temple west, there are stone debt-laden valley, the valley side upright, steep rock valley basin, shochiku canopy, called "valley" stream. The valley gate there is a cave, there is a rock, like cattle lies in front of the cave, called "stone cattle ancient hole". According to legend, huang tingjian northern song dynasty people had to sit on the stone reading, and the road flyover "valley". Here on a piece of stone engraved with huang tingjians poems and contemporary artist li kung-lin painted portraits of huang tingjian sit on the stone cattle. This precious ancient poetry and sharpening, is still clearly visible.

Few words said, lets start now. We went to the barbarian village scenic area soon! Wild village is short for "savage village". This mountain, how picturesque place named "savage village"? There are two moving legend: a long time ago, haunted by savage in this area, hurt people and livestock. At the time of a magistrate to sacrifice her, rescue people. He bring good wine good dishes, savage hole deep, the drink with savage, life people live to the mouth of the cave with cast iron water condensation, and savage mutually assured destruction. Secondly, in the southern song dynasty, the local rate of local tyrants liu hundreds of problems in the tianzhu mountain anti yuan. Since he, "liu ye", at the first village named "savage village". Liu yuan resistance before and after 18 years, finally betrayed by mole heroic sacrifice. Later generations to commemorate him, savage the name of the village official.

Now Ill give you one hour of time to rest, you can take pictures, please be sure to pay attention to safety, we see you after one hour! One hour of time really quick ah, dont know you have a good time or not! Ok, now we continue our tour! . Now we came to the square in front of the three ancestral temple. Lift eye looks, red walls daiwa temple buildings, surrounded by green trees and bamboo. The yamagata like a wings flying colourful feng, ji tower was built on the rockhopper, things on both sides of the rolling hills amidst lush farmlands are ring-fenced folded, like chicken wing escorted the solemn Buddha. As the saying goes: "far see bake temple, near the temple chu tomb at baoshan." Three ancestral temple, the full name of "the three face dry valley yuan of Buddha, is the method of zen three ancestral China, history of Buddhism in China occupies an important position. Released in 1983, the state council for approval of national open temple of han nationality regions.

Three ancestral temple buildings, along the phoenix mountain landform of frame made in turn from bottom to top. From the gate to the father of the house, all in a central axis. Incense of course should be the gate to enter. Three ancestral temple gate, also called three temple. Main entrance "prajnaparamita door", namely "the door of wisdom"; The east door of "liberation", to get rid of the bondage of worry karma and freedom, also known as the door of the "free"; The west door of "door", means to the filter net, in the process of practice to constant efforts, also known as the "gateway to make. Hanging frame, the buddhist association of the inscribed at the beginning of the "qian Buddha plaques.

Here, we todays visit to a paragraph, you can look around yourself, photograph, 1 hour after we set in front of three ancestral temple.

北京颐和园英文导游辞

The tour will take 4-6 hours. The route is as follows:

Out side the East Gate-side the East Gate –in front of the Hall of benevolence and Longevity- in front of Garden of Virtuous Harmony-in front of the Grand Theater Building- a lakeside walk from the Garden of Virtuous Harmony to the Hall o Jade Ripples- in front of the o Jade Ripples- in front of the Yiyunguan (Chamber of Mortal Being)-Hall of happiness and longevity- in front of the Yaoyue (Chamber of Mortal Beings)-Hall of Happiness and Longevity-in front of the Yaoyue(Inviting the Moon ) Gate of the Long Corridor- strolling along the Long Corridor- visiting an exhibition of cultural relics- in front of the Hall of Dispelling Clouds- inside the Hall of Dispelling Clouds- atop the Tower of Buddhist Incense- on a hilltop leading from the back door of the Tower of Buddhist Incense- on a hilltop leading from the back door of the Tower of Buddhist Incense- inside the Garden of Harmonious Interest –outside the south gate to Suzhou Shopping Street- atop the stone bridge inside the Suzhou shopping street –on the road from the south gate of suzhou shopping street- on the road form the south gate of suzhou shopping street to the marble boat- in front of the ruins of the Garden of complete spring –along the lakeside by the marble boat-boating on the Kunming Lake-leaving out through the East Gate.

(Out side the east gate)

Ladies and Gentlemen: Welcome to the Summer Palace. (After the self-introduction of the guide -interpreter) I hope this will be an interesting and enjoyable day for you .

During our tour, you will be introduced to time honored historical and cultural traditions, as well as picturesque views and landscapes.

The construction of the Summer Palace first started in 1750. At that time, the Qing Dynasty was in its heyday and China was a powerful Asian country with vast territories. The monarch in power then was Emperor Qianlong. With supreme power and large sums of money, he summoned skillful and ingenious artisans from all over the country to carry out this construction work in honor of his mother `s birthday. After 15 years and one seventh of the nation` s annual revenue spent, the Garden of Clear Ripples was completed and served as a testimony to China` s scientific and technological achievements. In 1860, this vast royal garden was burnt down along with the Yuanming Yuan (Garden of Perfection and Brightness) by Angol-French allied forces. In 1888, Empress Dowager Cixi reconstructed the garden on the same site and renamed it the Garden of Nurtured Harmony (Summer Palace). Characterized by its vast scope and rich cultural embodiments, the Summer Palace has become one of the most famous tourist sites in the world.

This is the main entrance to the Summer Palace-the East Gate On top of the eaves of the door there is a plaque bearing a Chinese inscription which means “Garden of Nurtured Harmony” , whose calligrapher was Emperor Guangxu. The gate that you are now entering was used exclusively by the emperor, the empress and the queer mother. All others used the side doors.

(Inside the East Gate)

the Summer Palace can be divided into two parts: Longevity Hill and Kunming Lake .The whole garden covers an area of 290 hectares, of whih three- fourths consists of a lake and rivers .This imperial garden features 3,000 room-units and covers an expanse of 70,000 square meters with more than 100 picturesque spots of interest. The layout of the Summer Palace includes three groups of architectures: palaces where the emperor attended to state affairs, resting palaces of the emperor and empress, and sightseeing areas. Entering the East Gate we will come the the office quarters. Entering the East gate we will come to the office quarters. The annex halls on both sides were used for officials on duty.

This is the Gate of Benevolence and Longevity. Above the door there is a plaque bearing the same name in both Chinese and Manchurian characters. The gigantic rock in the foreground is known as Taihu rock, or eroded limestone, quarried in Jiangsu Province and placed here to decorated the garden.

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佛教自汉代传入中国，至隋唐时代达到鼎盛，其间，大体经历了佛教经典在中国大量传播、佛教文化与中国传统文化逐步融合以及建立中国化的佛教宗派这样几个发展阶段。在这几个阶段，都显示出由山西出家的著名高僧的历史贡献，其中最为杰出的代表人物是法显、慧远、昙鸾等几位高僧。

法显是东晋时杰出的佛经翻译家和旅行家。俗姓龚，平阳武阳(今临汾市西南)人，平民出身。他的三个哥哥都在童年夭折，父母唯恐他不能成人，在三岁时就送他到佛寺当了沙弥(小和尚)，希冀依靠“神佛”的保拓，免除夭折之难。法显从小对佛很虔诚，20岁时受了“大戒”，信仰更加坚定，行为更加严谨，众僧称誉他“志行明敏，仪轨整肃”(《高僧传·法显传》)。

法显生于南北分裂、社会动荡的东晋十六国时代，佛教在北方广泛流行。当时，北方地区先后建立起众多少数民族政权，他们与汉民族隔阂很深，尤其是在思想信仰上，汉族信奉儒家教义，认为“佛，外国之神，非诸华所应祠奉”;他们则主张“佛是戎神，所应兼奉”(见《晋书·佛图澄传》)，把佛看作是自己民族的宗教。因此，为了从思想上统治汉族广大民众，他们大力宣扬佛教，政治上扶植佛教发展。如石勒建立的后赵国百姓，在印度高僧佛图澄的宣传下，“多奉佛，皆营造寺庙、相竞出家”(见《晋书·佛图澄传》)。但是，佛教的迅速发展也带来不少混乱。主要是僧人受统治者支持享有特权，于是“真伪混淆，多生愆过”(见《晋书·佛图澄传》)，出现大量不法行为，引起民众不满，严重削弱了佛教;同时，佛教自身的规章制度，尤其是戒律也很不健全，当时虽有不少西域僧人翻译的佛经在中国流传，但很不系统，且多是口授相传，辗转流行，不免讹误增损，而戒律的翻译又极为缺乏。戒律的松弛和僧人特权的加大，更造成佛教界的混乱。

这种状况，对于正直笃信的法显来说，是不能容忍的。为了保卫佛教的纯洁性，以利于佛教的发展，他决心西行印度，到佛教发源地找回完整的戒律，由此建立一套维持僧众团体及僧众个人的规章制度，作为佛教团体和个人的行为准则。于是，东晋隆安三年( 399)，法显与同学数人从长安出发，“至天竺寻求戒律”(法显《佛国记》，又名《法显传》)，登上了西向印度取经的征途。

法显从长安出发时已是65岁高龄，他们一行数人，西经戈壁，越葱岭，周游天竺，后经印度洋到山东半岛登陆，最后回到东晋都城建康(今南京市)。在外历时20xx年，历经30多个国家，包括今日我国的西北和阿富汗、克什米尔、巴基斯坦、印度、尼泊尔、斯里兰卡、印度尼西亚以及我国南海、东南沿海等地，归来时已是80岁老人。他是当时中国走得最远的人，“汉之张骞、甘英皆不至此”(《佛国记》)。

法显在印度刻苦勤学掌握了梵文梵语，把大量口传佛典记录下来带回中国，归来后，又亲自译成汉文，从此，中国内地佛经结束了西域的中转，直接沟通了东方的两个文明发源地，中国佛教更系统地发展起来了。同时，法显撰写的《佛国记》不仅是一部佛教典籍，在中国佛教史上具有重大意义，而且也是我国最早记录中亚、印度、南洋各国历史、地理、科学、艺术和文化的伟大旅游撰著。唐代高僧义净指出：“自古神州大地，轻生殉法之宾。(法)显法师则创辟荒途，(玄)奘法师乃中开正路。”(转引自靳生禾：《旅行家法显》，第19页)就是说，法显是我国西天取经的开山大师，唐代玄奘进一步开拓了取经道路;而且，法显的《佛国记》也可以同玄奘的《大唐西域记》相与媲美。

由山西出家的另一位著名高僧慧远，在使佛教文化与中国传统文化相融合方面做出了杰出的历史贡献。

慧远也是东晋时高僧，本姓贾，雁门楼烦(今宁武县附近)人，出身士大夫家庭。“年十三，随舅令狐氏游学许、洛，故少为诸生，博综六经，尤善老庄”(《高僧传·慧远传》)。说明慧远少年时代主要学习儒家经典，对当时流行的道家老、庄思想也很精通，但还未形成确定的志向。东晋永和十年( 354)，慧远21岁，深慕江东范宣子，便偕同其弟一道“欲渡江东”，拜师从学，因北方战乱，道路不通，未能如愿。这时，正值高僧道安在太行恒山(今河北省阜平县北)立寺传教，“声甚著闻”，他又与其弟“遂往归之”。听了道安讲经说法后，十分敬佩，惊叹说：“真吾师也!”认为以前十分喜爱的“儒道九流，皆糠比耳”，毅然与其弟削发出家于道安门下。“常欲总摄纲维，以大法为己任，精思讽持，以夜继昼”，深为道安赏识， 24岁便开讲佛经(见《高僧传·慧远传》)。从此，终生皈依佛门，坚定了自己的人生道路。

东晋太元六年( 381)，48岁的慧远来到庐山，深感“庐峰清静，足以息心”，便在这幽静秀丽的庐山定居下来，开始了他富有特色的传教生涯，从此足不出山，直至83岁逝世(见《出三藏记集·慧远传》)。慧远在庐山的活动主要分三个方面：

一是著书立说，阐释佛理，宣扬佛法。他一生“所著论、序、铭、赞、诗、书，集为十卷，五十余篇”(《高僧传·慧远传》)，绝大多数作于庐山。通过著书立说，形成了他的以佛教义理为核心，又广泛吸收儒、道各家学说的中国化的佛教思想。他明确主张“内外之道，可合而明”(《沙门不敬王者论》)，儒、释、道三教思想可以融合一体。在东晋，一再发生过关于沙门(佛门)该不该礼敬帝王的争论，其实质也就是佛教与中国传统礼教的关系或者说佛教在中国是否合法的争论。为此，他写下了《答桓大尉书》、《沙门不敬王者论》等名篇，一方面主张在家信徒(居士)必须遵从世俗，礼敬君亲，尽忠尽孝;另一方面，出家僧人又必须保持佛门的独立性，不礼敬君亲，无所谓忠孝。他指出，从表面看，沙门不敬君亲是“内乖天底之情”，“外阙奉主之恭”，违反了封建礼教，但这样可以使沙门以其高尚其志的榜样影响民众，从根本上维护了统治者的最高利益。总之，“道法之与名教，如来之与尧孔，发致虽殊，潜相影响;出处诚异，终期则同”(《沙门不敬王者论》)。佛教信仰与封建礼教不过是殊途同归，终极目的是一致的。这样，慧远通过融合儒、释、道思想，从理论上阐明了佛教文化与传统文化的一致性，不但成功地解决了关于沙门是否礼敬王者的争论，而且也保证了佛教在中国的合法地位，从而在佛教中国化的道路上迈开了决定性的第一步。

慧远在庐山的又一主要活动是建立僧团，壮大佛教势力。他培养组织了一个声名远播的庐山僧团及居士群，从而使庐山成为当时中国佛教的两大中心之一。另一个中心是印度僧人鸠摩罗什所在的长安，是主要的译经中心;慧远在庐山除译经传法之外，则努力使佛教中国化。同时，僧团周围还有以上层社会名流为主体的居士群，它是慧远与世俗世界联系的纽带，既能沟通上层统治阶级，又避免了僧侣奔走官府而引起人们的厌恶心理，也有效地壮大了佛教的势力。

慧远的另一主要活动是广泛接触社会，扩大佛教影响。他居于庐山30余年，虽然“影不出山，迹不入俗”(《高僧传·慧远传》)，但并没有绝离尘世，而是不分华夷南北，朝野顺逆，皆与交往，对谁也不亲不疏。从地方官员到朝廷重臣，从著名文学家、道土到农民起义军首领。举凡来访者，无不广泛结交。而且，居于统治阶层的上层人物，大多数是主动与慧远结交的。慧远以其超然出世的态度，周旋于复杂的政治斗争之间，并赢得双方的尊重，这样不但扩大了佛教对社会的影响，而且通过广泛接触上层人物，也使佛教进一步获得了统治者的支持。

与此同时，慧远还从理论上结合道家“以无为本”的出世主义，宣扬佛教的因果报应说，并把中国传统思想中的命运主宰权从天、上帝、鬼神手中夺回，交给每个人的“心’，引导人们从主体自身内部加强修养，积德行善，提倡通过念佛投生西方净土，从而对中国佛教净土宗思想的产生起了先导作用，也因此，唐宋以后的一些净土宗僧人尊奉慧远为中国净土宗初祖。

继法显、慧远之后，由山西出家的又一位著名高僧是昙鸾，他对中国净土宗的形成起了直接促进作用，可以说是净土宗的实际开创者。“北方大宏净土念佛之业者，实为北魏之昙鸾，故常推为净土教之初祖”(汤用彤：《魏晋南北朝佛教史》下册)。

昙鸾是北魏雁门(今山西代县)人，他“家近五台山，闻其神迹灵怪，幼即往寻之，便出家”(《续高僧传·昙鸾传》)，可见他是在幼年时代怀着对佛教的神奇向往而出家为僧的。出家之后，“广读经籍，尤研四论与佛性”(《续高僧传·昙鸾传》)。一方面广读博览佛教经书和儒道典籍，同时更深入钻研鸠摩罗什所译的大乘佛教中观派的四种基本著作《中论》、《十二门论》、《百论》、《大智度论》和有关佛性的学说。

昙鸾于南朝梁大通元年( 527)来到建康(今南京市)，曾与梁武帝谈论佛性，很受梁武帝赞许。后又拜见著名道土陶弘景，陶弘景授予他《仙经》十卷，他便准备携经返回北魏故地，从事修行;但在途经洛阳时遇到印度名僧菩提流支，便问：“佛法中颇有长生不死法，胜此土仙经者乎?”意思是佛经中有没有胜过道教的长生不老之法。菩提流支很不高兴地“唾地相斥”回答他：道教哪配与佛教相比?靠道教的《仙经》是不能摆脱生死轮回，达到长生不老的。随之即把佛教的《观无量寿经》授予他，说：“此大仙方，依之修行，当得解脱生死。”说明长生不如解脱的道理，引导他信仰净土(见《续高僧传·昙鸾传》)，这使昙鸾深受教益，当场把《仙经》烧掉，此后他便主要传播净土信仰了。

昙鸾回到故地后，大力弘扬净土念佛，民众纷纷皈依，名声大振。北魏分裂后，东魏开国君主孝静帝对他十分崇敬，尊称他为“神昙”，并下敕令要他住持并州大寺。他后来又移住汾州北山石壁玄中寺(今属交城县)，在这里讲经授徒。从此，玄中寺成为传播净土信仰的重要中心。到唐代，昙鸾的再传弟子、山西文水人道绰继续在玄中寺传道;后来，道绰的弟子善导来到长安，建立起了完备的净土宗派，使净土宗的发展，达到了一个极盛时期。

净土宗在印度佛教中也没有形成宗派，却在中国得到发展并连绵不绝地流传了下来，主要是因为它的教义和修行方法简便易行，得到平民大众的信奉，所以如同禅宗一样，称得上是真正中国化了的佛教。净土宗的发展，与山西地区和由山西出家的高僧有着密不可分的血肉关系。它是由慧远开创、昙鸾奠基、道绰与善导完成的，主要是在山西大地上形成发展起来的，昙鸾在净土宗的发展中，起着承上启下的重要作用。

净土宗在唐代正式形成后，进而传入了日本，日本僧人“依据善导一师开创净土宗”(日·村上专精：《日本佛教史纲》)，使净土教在日本得到广泛流传，成为日本众多佛教宗派中的一个重要宗派，也因此，日本的净土宗一直尊奉昙鸾、道绰、善导为净土三祖师，尊奉玄中寺为净土宗开山祖庭。历代日本净土名僧，多来玄中寺朝拜，视为“圣地”，对促进中日文化交流起了重要桥梁作用。

以上，从法显、慧远到昙鸾使我们看到，由山西出家的佛教高僧大多集中在十六国北朝时期，这个现象很值得重视。十六国北朝是中国封建社会的大分裂、大动荡时期，也是民族文化交融的一个高峰期，在这个时期，山西因其独特的自然地理环境和历史文化传统而再度成为多民族活动的大舞台及多民族文化的大熔炉;这个时期，也正是中国佛教发展的一个繁荣期，山西在这个时期一直处于北方民族统治之下，这些民族的统治者为了有效地统治汉族人民，在不断学习吸取汉民族文化的同时，又大力宣扬和扶持佛教文化发展，这就为山西出现为数众多的佛教高僧，以及佛教文化能够在山西获得比较高度的发展，提供了一种特定的和相当有利的社会政治背景和历史文化氛围。这样，也就不难理解山西佛教文化之所以格外光辉夺目的基本原因了。

同时，山西地区不仅佛教思想比较活跃，在传播和发展中国佛教方面做出了重大贡献，而且，山西也是佛教文物、艺术的宝库，是全国佛教遗产最为丰富的地区之一。如五台山位居佛教四大圣地之首;玄中寺为中日净土宗摇篮;云冈石窟文化可与敦煌媲美;广胜寺稀世罕见的金版藏经《赵城金藏》为当今整理出版《大藏经》的主要底本;以及遍布全省各地的斑斓多姿的佛教建筑、雕刻、绘画等等。这些说明，山西在中国佛教文化史上占有举足轻重的地位。

朋友们，现在我们已经上了东线高速公路，和大陆不一样，海南没有明显的城乡结合带，一出城就是广阔的原野。无论你把目光转向何方，这里到处都是绿色，看不到一寸裸露的土地，小草和树木绿油油的，向你表达它们快乐的心情，来旅游的朋友不仅眼睛绿了，心也绿的。

朋友们，海南岛森林覆盖率高达51.6%，远远超出全国的平均值13%，被称为“绿色明珠”，来海南旅游的朋友感觉最舒服的便是我们的眼睛和鼻子，眼睛所看到的都是绿色和蓝色，鼻子呼吸到的都是清新的空气。这里的山水之美，不是语言可以形容的，需要我们大家自己用心去体会：椰树是高大挺拔的美、珊瑚是柔软五光十色的美、南山观世音是慈爱富态的美、黎村是原始古朴的美、蛋民是劳动顽强的美，泰国红艺人是身材艺术的美，朋友们，海南不缺少美，缺少的是对美的发现。

说到美我就想起了苏东坡和佛印和尚的故事。苏东坡喜欢和佛印和尚辩论，却总也辩不赢。有一次他们下棋的时候，苏东坡突然说了一句：“大师，你在我的眼里象一堆狗屎!”谁知佛印和尚并不生气，只是微微地笑了一下，道了声“阿弥陀佛，施主，您在我的眼里却是一尊金佛。”苏东坡非常得意回家告诉了他妹妹苏小妹，苏小妹也是一个才女，她想了想说：“哥哥，你又输了，佛印看你是一尊金佛，那是因为人家心中有佛;你看人家是一堆狗屎，说明你的心就是一堆狗屎!”朋友们，由此可见“美由心生”，如果您用良好的心态去看待世界，世界就是美好的、光明的;如果您用恶劣的心态看待世界，世界就是黑暗的，丑陋的，无精打采的。

海南最美的是南山，最著名的是天涯海角、最古老的是大小洞天、最开心的是西岛、最刺激的是潜水、最神秘的是兴隆、最好吃的是海鲜，最有趣的是南湾猴岛，最有乡野气息的就是万泉河瓢流。

朋友们，往两边一看我们就能感觉到海南真是一个生机盎然的小岛，这里有充足的阳光和丰沛的降水，除了种植水稻、橡胶之外，还有很多的水果：椰子、芒果、荔枝、龙眼、菠萝、菠萝蜜、榴莲、桃杨、木瓜、香瓜、火龙果、人心果、鸡蛋果等等等等，美不胜收，简直就是“上帝的水果篮”!告诉大家，椰子一年四季都有，分青椰、红椰、金椰、银椰等品种，其中青椰最多最便宜，一般2-3块钱一个，一个椰子可供2个人喝，太老椰子有点涩，太嫩椰子的口味淡，最好吃的是十八九岁的椰子。其它的水果现在正是上市季节，价格也不贵。

朋友们，再看看我们海南的高速公路，就像绿色大海当中穿梭的一条银色的绸缎，它全长300多公里，接连7个市县，漂亮吧，对比一下你们的高速路，大家感觉有什么不同呢?很多朋友都说车少，不拥挤，是的，这是现在，然而海南的汽车曾经多得让世界吓了一大跳。这是怎么回事呢?80年代中后期美国的卫星显示海南岛上到处都是亮闪闪的，这些亮点连成一片不断地在移动，美国政府大吃一惊，以为中国正在进行新的战略布置，在海南岛上增派兵力，后来才知道这是汽车走私，大量的外国汽车涌上来，阳光照在车项上不就亮闪闪的一片。这件事在当时引起了很大的关注。事实上海南的走私从来就没有停止过，和过去比现在更加隐蔽，更加小心，你想想看，四周都是海水，海岸线又长达1600多公里，海关的工作总是防不胜防。

现在一些路边经常放着几个脏乎乎的雪碧瓶子，里面真的是汽水吗?不是，是走私汽油。海南走私的物品种类非常多：汽车汽油、家电服装等等，一辆进口小汽车二三万块钱就能买到，至于珠宝玉石，一旦被海关查到了，送到海南省地质博物馆统一出售，由于没有关税，价格也非常便宜。另外，刚才有朋友说这条路上没有收费站，“一脚油门踩到底”，这是一个重要的区别，这是因为海南在全国首家实行公路管理体制改革，将过路费、过桥费、养路费等费用打在汽油里面，以方便管理，因此海南的油价比大陆大约要贵40%左右。路上没有收费站，游客们觉得方便了，然而海南人民负担却重了，大多数家庭的摩托车也许从来就没有上过高速路，但一样买高价油，这应该是海南人民对游客的默默奉献吧。好的朋友们，高速路不能随便停车，因此要上洗手间的朋友一定要提前打招呼，香港人把解手说成“唱歌”，我们允许大家独唱，也可以合唱，甚至可以唱山歌，但就是不能对唱。

朋友们，海南前些年汽车走私、洋浦开发和房地产热等事件震惊海内外，这两年同样也有两大事件让海南再次引起国际广泛关注，一是博鳌亚洲论坛会议召开，二是陵水的飞机相撞事件。博鳌位于万泉河的入海口，景色秀美，用一位德国旅游专家的话来说：博鳌有山峦、有小岛、有河流、有大海等众多旅游资源，如果拆开来看它们不是最美的，但组合在一起却构成了世界上最美丽的一副风光画卷。入海口处有一条上吉尼斯世界纪录的玉带滩，它长达8.5公里，地形地貌和澳大利亚的黄金海岸非常相似，从空中看仿佛是仙女飘落在大海里的一根白色的纱巾。玉带滩的两侧呈现出迥然不同的美：一边是万泉河水在静静的流淌，一边是大海在不停地咆哮，这一动一静、一蓝一绿的组合让人感觉大自然的安排是那样的和谐完美。

入海口是目前世界上保存最原始的河流入海口，也正因为如此，亚洲论坛组织才在这里成立。对于游客来说如果能在万泉河上坐船慢慢地游玩、再上玉带滩上疯上一把将是一件多么开心的事，所“吹吹海风，浑身轻松;听听海韵，心中高兴”。还记得那首歌吗：万泉河水清又清，我编斗笠送红军……朋友们，唱得不好让大家见笑了，我呢虽然五音不全，但还是比较喜欢唱歌，从小到大向不同的老师请教过，有一位老师现在住在兴隆，有点与众不同，她过去是个非常英俊的小伙子，由于思想有点故障，结果一个人跑到北京医院，在手术台上“咔嚓”一声，把自己变成了一个亭亭玉立大姑娘。现在的她非常的温柔，但你也可以看出一丝粗犷的影子。她的歌唱得非常好，一个人就可以完成男女声对唱，这是我学不来的，有的游客喜欢她的男声，有的喜欢她的女声，到底是男声好听还是女声好听，到现在我也说不准。到了兴隆之后您自己去辨别吧。

(进入琼海市)好的，朋友们，现在我们要到达的是琼海市，琼海市是红色娘子军的故乡，也是万泉河的主要流行地。古时候海南岛分为两个郡，东边的叫珠崖郡(大海边上产珍珠)，西边的叫儋耳郡(指黎族人耳朵大)，琼海市便处于东边的珠崖郡郡内。琼海市并不大，1700平方公里，说它是市呢也就是一个县级市，93年才撤县建市，今年刚好是建市10周年。海南岛只有两个地级市(海口市和三亚市)，其它的市都是县级市。琼海市靠着海南岛的东海岸，被称作为“台风走廊”，73年一场特大台风把整个城市夷为平地，所以你在琼海市看不到旧的楼房，几乎都是新的楼房。

风浪冲走了一切，许多人出生证明、学历证明都找不到了，琼海市也是海南的一个华侨之乡，因此您看到的建筑许多都具有明显的南洋风格。和大陆不一样的是，在海南办理出入境手续的，许多都是一身农民打扮，这些农民也许一辈子没出过省，但却出了好几国，出去探亲访友，这就是侨乡的特点，因此当地政府也很注重打侨牌。琼海市的钛矿储量居全国第一，钛是一种比黄金还要稀有昂贵的金属，是制造飞机等设备的主要原材料。曾经有日本商人搞旅游开发，一年下来不见动静，只见他们一车一车地拉沙子，原来开发是假，采矿是真，当地政府及时地解除了合约并要求赔偿。

好的，朋友们，现在大家适当休息一下，看一看这里非常典型的海南乡村的田园风光，海南的水稻一年产三季，海南的农民也就特别辛苦。 (到博鳌临下车前)

朋友们，来到博鳌我们将第一次看见美丽的南中国海，到了玉带滩之后，大家只能湿脚但不能湿身，据说海南的海水对治疗“香港脚”特别有效。同时大家还要多做深呼吸，连外国朋友都说海南岛的空气每呼吸一下值两美分，

博鳌是一个新的景点，人比较拥挤，下车之后大家动作快一点，要跟上队伍，小摊旁边人多手杂，注意看好自己的行李。

(在船上)给游客指点“一口饮三江”

(出博鳌)

好的，朋友们，感受到海南的天气了吧，骄阳似火，有人说海南真热，海南是我国唯一的一个热带海岛省份，被称为“热岛”，它要不热就不叫海南岛了。这个地方秋去春来，长夏长冬，连古人都说“四季皆为夏，一雨便成秋”。太阳一年两次从头顶走过，紫外线非常强烈，对皮肤的伤害是很大的，所以我们不主张大家进行阳光浴、沙滩浴、海水浴。要是你不小心被晒黑了也不要紧，和当地人一样成为黑珍珠了，黑亮黑亮的，成为珍珠中的极品。不过海南属于热带海洋性气候，受海洋的影响很大，加上森林的调节，所以本地并不是酷热难耐，很多时候也非常的凉爽。

好的，朋友们，相关的情况先介绍到这里。不知道大家有什么问题没有?没有问题，那我就要问大家一个问题：海南被叫做长寿岛，为什么?对此，许多外地的朋友都不能理解，热带物种应该成熟快、寿命短，例如海南的水稻就是一年三熟，同纬度的非洲、印度居民寿命也不长，海南为什么会叫做长寿岛?要想成为长寿地区，不是瞎说的，国家是有标准的：每10万个人当中百岁老人要有3个，按照这个标准我国大陆(四川、湖北、广西、新疆、江苏、辽宁，可略去)有6个地方被列为长寿之乡，而海南每10万个人当中百岁老人达到4.7个，按着这个比例三亚市南山村的百岁老人至少有250人，完全可以申请“世界长寿之乡”的称号了，真所谓“福如东海长流水，寿比南山不老松”!

海南之所以有这么多的长寿老人，这是因为海南有一个美丽纯净的自然环境，更重要的是海南人的饮食结构非常合理，长年吃海产品，海鱼、海虾、海呀，这些都是低脂肪、低胆固醇、高蛋白的食品，既滋补身体又不会长胖，第三就是海南人有喝茶的传统，特别是长在五指山上的野生苦丁茶，这种茶树和板蓝根一样属于大叶冬青科植物，既是茶也是药，对身体有保健作用。不过市面上有很多都是人工茶叶在冒充。第四呢，就是因为海南人性格比较柔缓，不太冲动。

“人到七十古来稀”在海南真的快成了一句古话了。很多家庭都以家里有百岁老人为荣，子女们也很孝顺，即使家里再不富丽，也要把电视机、电风扇等物品放进老人房间，让老人过得舒服一点，家里还经常煲点骨头汤给老人喝，以补充营养。在海南的黎族有这样一个风俗：子女结婚的时候都要送给父母一对玳瑁手镯，以报答父母的养育之恩，同时也祝愿父母健康长寿，因为玳瑁能活千年，是长寿的象征，同时也是活血去风湿的。而等到子女生了小孩，小孩子满月的时候，长辈就要给小孩脖胞前戴上一个玳瑁的平安扣，起到镇惊的作用。黎族是一个非常有灵气的民族，他们没有宗教，信奉祖先和神灵(鳌神)，有关这个民族的情况明天我将会做详细的介绍。

介绍红色娘子军时再介绍一下海岛女民兵，是海南妇女的另外一面旗帜。毛主席的那首诗：

飒爽英姿态五尺枪，曙光初照演兵场，中华儿女多奇志，不爱红装爱武装。

满天星位于吉林省延边朝鲜族自治州汪清县东南部，行政区划为百草沟镇，林政管理隶林业局,是森林型公园。区内有八大景区、三十六个景点，环抱在群山绿之中，具有“水旷、山幽、雪佳、林秀”的特点，最为美丽的天星湖湖身十八公里，蜿蜒美妙，展布开是一个佳景荟萃、神秘幽深的原始画廊，又是一个自然纯净、不染纤尘的休闲之地，在延边州内的风景中独具山水特色。

满天星风景区是由满天星水库为主体构成的，位于汪清县百草沟镇境内，形状如一条张开大口的蝮蛇，盘踞在丛山密林里，下衔百草沟遗址。

景区内植被茂密，森林覆盖率达到90%，湖的基底是坚实的山体岩石，没有泥土混杂;湖水依靠原始森林里中的山水和地下涌出泉水来补充，清澈见底，泛蓝飘绿，如玉似胨。湖滨旁幽深恬静，倒映着巍峨的山峦，湖中央波光粼粼，犹如飘落的满天繁星，远眺幽深，近观灵秀，湖光山色形成了开朗、大气磅礴的北国风光。

百草沟遗址是战国至魏晋时期沃沮仁的遗存，是东北东部山区青铜-铁器时代中最有代表性的遗存。其文化内涵丰富，较全面的反映了沃沮人的社会生活，以及同周邻文化乃至同中原文化的联系，对研究中国东陲开发历史具有极高的历史和科学价值。 旅游区域所在地区的具体部位、进出交通、与周边旅游集散地和主要旅游区十分便利。

遗址位于水库旁百草沟镇安田村东嘎呀河右岸的台地上。地势平坦。东起嘎呀河岸，西至窟窿山脚下，南侧为满天星风景区，东部的扣锅顶子山和西部的窟窿山形成了两道天然的屏障，遗址西北2华里处新华闾村后北山坡上有一处与遗址同一时期的墓葬。汪延公路从遗址偏西部穿过。

遗址东西长约1500米、南北宽约500米、面积约75万平方米。遗址的年代跨度较长，文化内涵极为丰富。文化层厚0.8米-1.5米不等，分为上下两个文化层，上层为铁器时代，下层为青铜时代，在两个文化层中均发现有半地穴式房址及灰坑等。出土遗物数百件，有陶器、石器、玉器、铜器、铁器、骨器及卜骨等。

百草沟遗址保护范围及建设控制地带内，除原有一条公路穿过，没有任何乱建房、乱挖渠、乱取土现象，保存基本完好。汪清县文物管理所，设有专职工作看护，是保存较为完整的古代遗迹。

大家去过北京恭亲王府吗?如果没去过，那就让我来当一回导游吧!

恭亲王府原是“千古第一贪”的和珅的家，后被嘉庆帝立下二十四条罪状，抄了他的家充公。因最后一任主人是恭亲王爱新觉罗·奕yi(四声)?_in(三声)(音、字同欣)，所以称为恭亲王府。

北京城两龙脉，一是京城中轴线，二是护城河。故宫就坐落在中轴线的头上。而恭亲王府就坐落在两龙脉相交之处。和珅曾大言不惭说：“皇上坐龙头，我坐龙尾。龙头虽掌大局，却还要龙尾行大事。”听听，和珅野心之勃勃，真不愧“千古第一贪”!

恭亲王府内，有九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。这“蝙蝠”并不是真实的蝙蝠，而形似蝙蝠的建筑。和王申想让自己很幸福，便取“福”的谐音字“蝠”，建了九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。

进门后，首先映入眼帘的，便是一只硕大的“蝙蝠”。这是一只形似蝙蝠的池塘，名曰“福池”。池岸边随意错落着假山碎石。福池周围栽满了榆树，榆树的果、叶形似铜钱，每当铜钱般的果、叶掉入福池时，和王申就会笑哈哈：“天上掉下的钱，进入我的‘聚宝盆’，地上的钱也是流入我和王申的囊袋中。”这话可真不假!

我们顺着福池潺潺流水走，便来一扇门前。这是一扇精美绝伦的西洋门，色彩鲜艳，做工精细。据说这也是他二十四条罪状之一。因为这一扇西洋门是仿造皇家园林——万寿园里的西洋门造的。

进了西洋门，绕过“送子观音”石雕，便是和珅家的戏园了。戏园前是一片花园，修剪整齐的灌木丛中开着些许花儿。《环珠格格》中“香妃戏蝶”这出戏就是在这里拍摄的。全北京城只有两处是满地青砖，一是故宫的太和殿，二便是和珅家的戏台了。因为青砖的扩音效果十分好，所以在戏台上唱戏不需要任何扩音工具，偌大的戏场人人都能听到音乐，能站在遍地青砖的戏台上为和王申等权贵大臣唱戏也是一种殊荣了。

穿过雕刻精细的朱栏长廊，便来到了和珅的书斋。书斋四面假山竹林环合，清幽宁静。整个恭亲王府，就它不是用石砖砌的。这座书斋是用一种特殊的竹料建成的，冬暖夏凉，和王申最爱待在这里了。

出书斋，前面那座十分大气的建筑就是正殿——和珅会客的地方。要上正殿，有一条很特别的路，只有一节阶梯，然后就是一条笔直平缓的坡路，因为和珅说过他这一世，只有年少时吃过苦，然后就一路平步青云，登上了“一人之下，万人之上”的权势颠峰。我们可以跨过最底下的一节阶梯，免吃一点苦，直接“平步青云”。

有这样一个故事：当年孝庄太后年老病重之时，极其爱戴她的皇孙——康熙帝，心情极其郁闷。他让侍女苏麻喇姑准备好纸笔，大笔一挥，写了一个“福”字。写完之后，玄烨和苏麻喇姑看着那个“福”字惊呆了——那个字苍劲有力，十分潇洒。细一看，竟看见了多个词组：多田，多子，多才，多寿……这不就是皇祖母的心愿吗?康熙帝越看越满意，便命人把这个“福”字拓在一块巨石上。结果，久病多时的太皇太后很快康复了!康熙帝大喜，决定将这块饱含吉祥福瑞气息的巨石代代相传，让爱新觉罗家族世代昌盛。

只可惜传到乾隆手中，就被别人偷出了皇宫。这个人就是和珅。现在这块福石就在我们正殿脚下，只露出写有“福”字的一面。这个“福”便是恭亲王府的第一万个福，寓意“万福”。和珅还神气地说：“皇上是‘万岁’，我是‘万福’!”后来，嘉庆帝抄他家时，本想把福石搬回皇宫，可还是没有搬成。和珅太狡猾了，他用石块砌了一座形似蝙蝠的福山，在“福”字左右各砌了一条龙，寓意“龙坐江山”，嘉庆帝不想自毁“江山”，便把福石留了下来。

我们刚才是“平步青云”而上，现在让我们踏着龙脉下来吧。

再沿着福山前的池塘流水走，便可来和珅家的钓鱼池，踩着朱色石船便可来到池中心的钓鱼台，钓鱼台南面堆砌着一些奇形怪状的假山，池里长满了绿色植物。北面岩上栽满了柳树，它们阿娜多姿的身体随风摇摆，与池中冒个不停的水突眼相映成趣，就像自己来到了济南趵突泉。可我回头一看，才发现自己还没离开恭亲王府呢：钓鱼台的栏杆，牌栏上无不镂刻着只有北京恭亲王府才有的蝙蝠花纹。

钓鱼池北岸上，还有一座形状奇特的阁楼，阁楼前种满了花草树木，据说是恭亲王奕?派人按慈禧太后头上的旗头形状做的。奕?很是讨厌慈禧太后，说：“你把我玩弄于股掌之间，我就要在你头上作威作福!”于是，奕?就建了这么一个阁楼。

游完恭亲王府，我再次回首，看着这座饱经历史风霜却风采不减当年的府邸，心中百感交集：在这里住过的人，在自己事业走到颠峰时，却不知自己也走上了权途与钱途的末路

北京故宫博物院英文导游辞

Hello, everyone,

We are now going to pay a visit to a place of special interest. This scenic spot is located at the center of Beijing and is characterized by thousands of palatial architectures and purple walls as well as yellow glazed tile roofs- it is simply a sea of palaces. This is the world – famous wonder – the Palace Museum.

The Palace Museum has served as the royal residence during the Ming and Qing dynasties. It was here that a total of 24 monarchs ascended the throne and wielded power for some 500 years. The Palace Museum, as the most beautiful spot of interest throughout Beijing, is unique for its location: to the northwest is Beihai(North Sea) Park, famous for its white pagoda and rippling lake; to the west is the Zhongnahai (central and south sea); to the east lies the the Wangfujing Shopping Street; and to the north id Jinshan Park. Standing in the Wanchun (Everlasting Spring) Pavilion at the top of Jingshan(Charcoal Hill) Park, you overlook the skyline of the palace Museum. At the southern end of the palace is Tian` anmen (Gate of Heavenly Peace) and the famous square named after it . This is the symbol of the People` s Republic of China.

A world-famous historical site, the Palace Museum is on the World Heritage List of UNESCO and is an embodiment of oriental civilization.

The Palace Museum is rectangular in shape, 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meters wide from east to west, covering a space of 720,000 square meters of which 150,000 is building area . It has 9000-strong rooms in it . According to legend there are 9999.5 room-units in all .The whole compound is enclosed by a 10-meter-hign wall and is accessed through four entrances, namely, the meridian Gate in the south ,the Gate of Military Prowess in the north, Donghua(Eastern Flowery ) Gate in the north, Donghua ( Eastern Flowery) Gate in the east and Xihua(Western Flowery ) Gate in the west. On each corner there is a turret consisted of 9 roof beams, 18 pillars and 72 ridge . Encircling the compound there is a 3,800-meter-long and 52 meter-wide moat, making the Palace Museum a self-defensive city-within-a city.

The Palace Museum was made a center of rule during the Ming Dynasty by Zhun Di, The fourth son of the founding emperor Zhuyuanzhang. The whole complex straddles on an 8-kilometers-long central axis that stretches from Yongding (Forever Stable) Gate in the south to Gulou (Drum Tower) in the north. Prominence was given to the royal power by putting the “three main front halls” and “three back halls ”on the axis while arrange other subsidiary structure around them .The construction of the Palace Museum involved manpower and resources across China. For example, the bricks laid in the halls ,known as “gold brick, ” underwent complex, two –dozen processes. As the final touch ,the fired bricks were dipped in Chinese wood oil. Involving complicated processes and high cost, these brick are called “golden bricks.” The Palace Museum serves as a living embodiment of good tradition and styles unique to China` s ancient architecture. It reflects to the full the ingenuity and creativity of the Chinese working people. A carefully preserved and complete group of royal residences, the Palace Museum is a prominent historical and tourist site.

北京长城英文导游词 ·岳阳楼英文导游辞 ·重庆英文导游词 ·西藏英文导游词

What we are now approaching is the main entrance to the Palace Museum-the Meridian Gate, which is characterized by red walls, yellow glazed –tile roofs and upturned eaves. On top of this walls, yellow glazed-tile roofs and upturned eaves. On top of this magnificent building ,there stand five lofty halls with a main hall in the center. The main hall is roofed by multiple eaves and covers a space of 9 room-units. It is flanked by two wings on each side .The wings are square in shape ,complete with multiple and four edged eaves and pinnacles. All of these structures are connected by a colonnade. Because these halls resemble a soaring bird, it was also know as wufenglou (Five-phoenix Tower) . Inside the main hall there is a throne. Drums and bells were stored in the wings. Whenever the emperor presided over grand ceremonies or observed rites in the Hall of Upreme Harmony, drums, bells and gongs would be struck to mark the occasion.

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各位团友，今天我讲解的内容是福州明清时期古建筑瑰宝——三坊七巷。

三坊七巷地处市中心，东临八一七北路，西靠通湖路，北接杨桥路，南达吉庇巷、光禄坊，占地约40公顷，现居民3678户，人口14000余人。三坊七巷是南后街两旁从北到南依次排列的十条坊巷的简称。三坊是：衣锦坊、文儒坊、光禄坊;七巷是杨桥巷、郎官巷、塔巷、黄巷、安民巷、宫巷、吉庇巷。由于吉庇巷、杨桥巷和光禄坊改建为马路，现在保存的实际只有二坊五巷。即使如此，在这个历史悠久的居民区内，仍然保留着丰富的文物古迹，保存一批名人故居和明清时代的建筑。在这居民区内，坊巷纵横，石板铺地;白墙青瓦，结构严谨;房屋精致，匠艺奇巧，集中体现了闽越古城的民居特色，是闽江文化的荟萃之所，被建筑界喻为一座规模庞大的明清古建筑博物馆。

“三坊七巷”是国家历史文化名城——福州的主要标志，被誉为明清古建筑博物馆。近代诗人陈衍诗云：“谁知五柳孤松客，却住三坊七巷间。”这大约就是“三坊七巷”的由来。

三坊七巷的民风民俗也是福州民风民俗的代表，许多节俗活动常以三坊七巷为中心，它包括民间信仰、岁时节庆活动、建筑物中的民俗等。

“月光光，照池塘;骑竹马，过洪塘;洪塘水深难得渡，等妹撑船来接郎。问郎长，问郎短，问郎几时返?”这是唐朝观察使常衮作的一首民谣。它曾给居住在三坊七巷的几代百姓带来多少童年的回忆。直到现在，特别是老一辈人听到这首琅琅上口的民谣仍激动不已。

三坊七巷，以它近300座的明清民居古建筑物闻名于世。古老的街巷，完整的坊里，配以古河道、古桥梁、古榕树，形成了古朴而富有特色的传统风貌，引起了国内外许多文物考古专家的广泛兴趣，成为游客前来福州的必到之处。可以说，它是“全国少见，江南仅有”。而老家在福州的海外游子，三坊七巷是他们魂牵梦绕、难以忘怀的故园乡土。

The Small Sky Pond

The small sky pond is also called Silver-ring Lake. It is about round, the girth of the small sky pond is 260m, with the area of the catchment 5,380m the depth more than 10m. Without drain all year round, There are two kinds of statements of its cause. The one is Glacier theory which says that it is the quaternary glacial moraine evolved lake. The other is parasitic crater theory. It believes that the small sky pond is a small crater ponding with water formed by the eruption of the top crater of the sky pond.

Humble administrators garden, the representative of the jiangnan gardens, the largest classical landscape garden in suzhou garden, is one of the four ancient gardens of suzhou, also is the largest in suzhou gardens, the most famous a, been listed as world cultural heritage list, is the Chinese classical private gardens. The Ming dynasty zhengde years this garden over land area of about eighty-three point five acres, open area of about seventy-three mu, including central garden, the west and the late qing dynasty Zhang Zhiwan residential hall (now suzhou garden museum of old) of late qing dynasty architectural landscape heritage, about 38 acres. One of Chinas four big gardens, national key cultural relics protection unit, the national 5 a-class tourist scenic spot, the special tourist attraction -- has been hailed as the "mother of the Chinese garden, in 1997 by the United Nations educational, scientific and cultural organization (UNESCO) listed as world cultural heritage.

The humble administrators garden covers an area of 520xx square meters, and points east garden, park, west park in three parts. East park and mountain pool, adorned with Shu incense pavilion, LanXueTang construction, etc. Western water circuitous, compact layout, mountain built pavilions, main architecture of the mandarin duck hall was the garden owner treating guests and listen to music, display hall. In the humble administrators garden is the best part of the overall layout for the center with pool, pavilions are built by the water, some TingXie is straight out of the water, with river south of characteristics. Body building hong tong in south bank pool, on the other side of the pool and observe things two mountain island, the water clear, broad mind lotus, tree-lined everywhere on the island, mountain water bank vines mixed and disorganized, two mountain valleys panel has a little bridge Hill on the island to build a pavilion, west to snow YunWeiTing, east to be frost pavilion, the four seasons scenery because of time inconsistency. Far to the west of hong tongs "lean on jade xuan" with the west ship matter form "xiangzhou", is relatively and both its northern "Dutch wind all pavilion" into the potential of the tripartite confrontation, can with the potential of the reward.

(In front of the meridian gate)

Ladies and Gentlemen:

I am pleased to serve as your guide today。

This is the palace museum; also know as the Purple Forbidden City。 It is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence in China today。 Under Ming Emperor Yongle， construction began in 1406。 It took 14years to build the Forbidden City。 The first ruler who actually lived here was Ming Emperor Zhudi。 For five centuries thereafter， it continued to be the residence of23 successive emperors until 1911 when Qing Emperor Puyi was forced to abdicate the throne。 In 1987， the United Nations Educational， Scientific and Cultural Organization recognized the Forbidden City was a world cultural legacy。

It is believed that the Palace Museum， or Zi Jin Cheng (Purple Forbidden City)， got its name from astronomy folklore， The ancient astronomers divided the constellations into groups and centered them around the Ziwei Yuan (North Star) 。 The constellation containing the North Star was called the Constellation of Heavenly God and star itself was called the purple palace。 Because the emperor was supposedly the son of the heavenly gods， his central and dominant position would be further highlighted the use of the word purple in the name of his residence。 In folklore， the term “an eastern purple cloud is drifting” became a metaphor for auspicious events after a purple cloud was seen drifting eastward immediately before the arrival of an ancient philosopher， LaoZi， to the Hanghu Pass。 Here， purple is associated with auspicious developments。 The word jin (forbidden) is self-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-limits to ordinary people。

The red and yellow used on the palace walls and roofs are also symbolic。 Red represents happiness， good fortune and wealth。 Yellow is the color of the earth on the Loess Plateau， the original home of the Chinese people。 Yellow became an imperial color during the Tang dynasty， when only members of the royal family were allowed to wear it and use it in their architecture。

The Forbidden City is rectangular in shape。 It is 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meter wide from east west。 It has 9，900 rooms under a total roof area 150，000 square meters。 A 52-meter-wide-moat encircles a 9。 9-meter—high wall which encloses the complex。 Octagon —shaped turrets rest on the four corners of the wall。 There are four entrances into the city: the Meridian Gate to the south， the Shenwu Gate (Gate of Military Prowess) to the north， and the Xihua Gate (Gate of military Prowess) to the north， and the Xihua Gate (Western Flowery Gate ) to the west， the Donghua (Eastern Flowery Gate) to the east。

Manpower and materials throughout the country were used to build the Forbidden City。 A total of 230，000 artisans and one million laborers were employed。 Marble was quarried from fangshan Country Mount Pan in Jixian County in Hebei Province。 Granite was quarried in Quyang County in Hebei Province。 Paving blocks were fired in kilns in Suzhou in southern China。 Bricks and scarlet pigmentation used on the palatial walls came from linqing in Shandong Province。 Timber was cut， processed and hauled from the northwestern and southern regions。

"The filled with clouds, Trinidad jiangling also on the 1st. On both sides of the YuanSheng crow, boats already past thousands of mountains". This is a known "early onset treasure". This poem describes is the beautiful three gorges scenery.

Let us stepping the ancient charm, close to the nature, to see the beautiful scenery of the three gorges!!!!

The three gorges is the floorboard of the qutang gorge, wu gorge and xiling. Between the yichang of hubei province and chongqing fengjie Yangtze river. The three gorges scenery, beautiful, grand and risks, quiet and beautiful. This is really make people intoxicated in it! The mountain of the three gorges, continuous, canopy; The three gorges water, fast water rises, blocking the traffic. Winter, spring water pool back clear, beautiful scenery; In autumn, when the water is cold and dry gas apes sound sad. Of the author, scenery beautiful, fishermans song apes birds cry fall, all reflect the beauty of the the broken pieces back together!

Now let us into the three gorges, use our hearts to feel the beauty of the broken pieces back together!

亚细亚大楼

中山东一路1号(故又称外滩一号)，1916年建成，折中主义建筑风格。

原建7层，1930年加层至8层，立面为横3段，坚3段式。大楼竣工后被命名为麦克皮恩大楼，后因产权转让给亚细亚火油公司，遂易名为亚细亚大楼。底部两层采用爱奥尼克对柱，中部3至5层立面采用罗马石拱券装饰，中段为装饰简洁明朗的现代主义建筑风格;大楼上段为巴洛克式，有爱奥尼克对立柱、圆弧形铁栏内阳台。入口大门饰有双柱支承弧形门罩，并雕以花纹，门上方有半圆形券顶，雕以花饰，给人视觉上有较强的纵深感。

亚细亚大楼内的广大洋行是中共地下党的秘密组织，公开身份是经营进出口贸易的商行，实际是为中共中央筹划资金和外汇的机构。1948年6月，由于叛徒的出卖，地下党组织被暴露，在上级党组织的指挥下，广大洋行转移到香港。新中国成立后，亚细亚大楼易名为延江大楼，现为太平洋保险公司总部。

上海总会大楼

中山东一路2号，1910年建成，文艺复兴式建筑风格。

原为旅沪英侨俱乐部会所，现为希尔顿集团旗下亚洲首家华尔道夫酒店。墙体为混凝土结构，地上5层地下1层，以大门入口为主轴线，两侧对称。底层三个门洞和两扇圆窗烘托与中门的拱心石组合在一起的垂花雕饰，两边的辅助入口各有两对塔司干式柱子作为装饰。入口处的玻璃雨篷是后来的楼主为了实用而安装的，但视觉上破坏了立面构图的完整性。第3、4层贯以门根爱奥尼克立柱。第5层压下的窗户采用拱券形，层顶南北两端有巴洛克塔亭。大楼内部也十分典雅、豪华。大厅的南部是当时远东最大的酒吧，长达34米。大楼内装饰仿英国王宫格调，故有“皇家总会”之称。

中国通商银行大楼

中山东一路6号，1906年建造，英国维多利亚歌特式建筑风格。

1897年盛宣怀筹资兴办的中国人自己最经营的一家银行—中国通商银行买下这幢楼房，并在这里开业，故人们一般将其称为“中国通商银行大楼”。

窗洞造型自下而上每层都不一样，分别采用半圆券、弧形券、平券和尖券，这在同期或以后的外滩建筑中都十分少见。大门入口竖有罗马刺廊柱;底层、二层为落地长窗，券状窗框，两肩对称;屋顶坡面陡，开有老虎窗，形成东立面一排五个尖角顶的顶端原立有十字架，尖角顶的两侧都有小尖塔，如向上帝供奉的巨烛。顶层南面有平台，是观览黄浦江的胜处。现与“外滩3号”、“外滩18号”一样，为外滩的又一新的时尚地标。

Dear tourists, welcome to Chagan Lake scenic spot in Songyuan. Chagan Lakeis called "Chagannur" in Mongolian, which means white lake. Chagan Hunan is 37kilometers long in the north and 17 kilometers long in the East and West, with atotal water area of 420 square kilometers. It is the largest inland lake inJilin Province. Chagan Lake is rich in natural resources, rich in carp, silvercarp, crucian carp, Wuchang fish and other 15 families of 68 species. In recentyears, the aquatic resources of Chagan Lake, such as shrimps and pearls, havealso been effectively developed, and the beautiful lake shrimps have alreadybeen put on the table of tourists. Chagan Lake has four distinct seasons andrich natural resources, which provides a rare living environment for wild andaquatic animals, making it a paradise for wild animals and a paradise for birds.There are more than 20 kinds of wild animals such as foxes, rabbits and badgers,and more than 80 kinds of rare birds such as pheasants, swans, geese and redcrowned cranes on the lakeside grassland and small islands. In August 20__,Chagan Lake was approved as a national nature reserve by the State Council.

Dear tourists, the tourism development of Chagan Lake began in 20__, whichwas approved by the peoples Government of Jilin Province to establish ChaganLake Tourism Economic Development Zone. A series of scenic spots such as Miaoyintemple, Genghis hanzhao and Wangyefu business district have been built,infrastructure such as roads and bridges have been built, amusement projectssuch as Zhuhou lake, water entertainment and winter net fishing have beendeveloped, service facilities such as tourist service, business service, postand telecommunications have been completed, and the original small fishingvillage has been built into a national AAAA tourist attraction and a nationalwater conservancy wind farm scenic spot. Chagan Lake winter fishing is rated asone of Chinas top 100 scenic wonders, known as "ice lake Tengyu", the highestsingle net fishing yield of 168000 kg, which is listed in the Guinness worldrecord. Ten "ice and snow fishing and hunting Cultural Tourism Festival ofChagan Lake, Jilin Province, China" was held, including South Korea, Japan, HongKong, Macao, Chinese Taiwan and other important news media at home and abroad. Duringthe festival, there were competitions in photography, calligraphy and painting,poetry, couplets and fishing. In 20__, "Chagan Lake ice and snow fishing TourismFestival" was rated as "Chinas ten natural ecological Festivals". In addition,the development zone has promoted the production of films and TV plays byparticipating in and assisting in shooting. Films and TV plays such as "holywater lake", "beautiful fields", "Heavens way without deception", "growth" and"Guandong fishing king" have been shot in Chagan Lake. Among them, "holy waterlake" has achieved a sensational effect after being popular on the central andlocal TV stations, which has greatly promoted the rapid development of tourismin Chagan Lake development. Chagan Lake Tourist Resort has formed acomprehensive tourist area with the characteristics of great lake wetland,grassland scenery and Mongolian customs in summer, fishing in winter net anddisplaying the long-standing fishing and hunting culture of Chagan Lake inwinter, integrating sightseeing, entertainment, leisure, vacation, catering,shopping and other functions.

Dear tourist friends, when you travel to Chagan Lake, you have to watch theprocess of ice and snow fishing (winter fishing). The first procedure of wintercapture is "sacrifice to the lake and wake up the net". Before winter fishing inChagan Lake, a sacrificial ceremony is held. The Mongolian girls in full dressoffer dried milk to the fishermen. The Lama hands the offerings one by one tothe fishermans head. The fishermans head places the offerings on the offeringtable in order. Then the nine sticks of incense are put into three incenseburners to light. Then he leads the lamas to circle the offering table, ice caveand ice snow OBO clockwise for three times and recite sutras. After that, thefisherman stood in the middle of the field, took up the wine bowl, raised hishands over his head, and began to recite the words of sacrifice to the lake.

The second procedure is "net fishing". After drinking Zhuangxing wine, withthe fishermans head "on the ice", all the people who participated in the winterfishing jumped into the trawler or plow, three carriages, and more than 60people, and went to work on the ice. At this time, firecrackers were all onfire, and the roar of a carriage, the sound of a fishermans bugle, the sound offirecrackers, the sound of lamas chanting sutras, the sound of horse bells,drums and horns floated on the mysterious surface of Chagan Lake. After the netcar arrives at the net yard, the fishing head determines the position accordingto the bottom appearance and water depth of the lake, and then cuts the firstice hole as the lower net hole, and then hundreds of steps from the lower nethole to both sides to determine the position of the wing flag, and inserts thebig flag (or lamp). The fishing head moves hundreds of steps from the wing flagposition to the front to determine the round beach flag, and then the two roundbeach flags meet hundreds of steps ahead to determine the net Eye, insert thenet flag, the ice planned by these big flags is the net nest. After the fishinghead is inserted into the wing flag, an ice hole is chiseled every 15 metersfrom the bottom mesh of the fishing rod to the wing flag, and then the rod(18-20 meters long thin rod) is pierced under the ice. The rod is pushed to thenext ice hole by the walking hook, and a water line rope is tied at the back endof the rod. The water line rope is followed by a large rope, and the large ropeis followed by a net The wheel twists the big belt to carry the big net forward,followed by the net handle. With the hook, the net can be put under the ice alittle bit, and the lightness and heaviness of the net can be grasped at anytime. Both sides of the net forward to the mesh, the whole net has been put intothe water, at this time, all the fish in the water are surrounded in the net.The next step is to get out of the net. Three horses pull out the net wheel, andthe double side nets are combined by the belt and the hook on the net wheel. Alarge net composed of 96 nets is pulled out at the same time. Three pieces ofeach wing, called a pull, are pulled out 16 times. The first pull no fish, thesecond pull began to fish. Finally, because the net belly is a pocket at theback end of the net, a net belly can hold up to a million kilograms of fish.After fishing the fish in the net belly, pull the net belly out of the ice andload the fish away. The net was loaded on the plow again by the people who beatthe spear, twisted the spear and took the hook. At this point, the winter catchof a net was over.

Dear tourists, we are going to Jiuhua Mountain right now. Lets listen toXiao Ke first. Ill give you a brief introduction, so that when we arrive, wecan visit more quickly.

Jiuhua Mountain, located in Qingyang County, South Anhui Province, is oneof the four famous Buddhist mountains in China. Liu Yuxi, a writer of the TangDynasty, praised Jiuhua Mountain after climbing it. He thought that the famousmountains in the world could not compete with Jiuhua Mountain. Li Bai went toMount Jiuhua three times. Jiuhua Mountain is characterized by beautifulmountains and numerous Buddhist temples.

To visit Jiuhua Mountain, you should first go to Jiuhua street, which isthe center of Jiuhua Mountain. Temples are mainly concentrated there, so it iscalled "Lotus Buddha kingdom". It is actually a village on the mountain. Besidestemples, there are shops, schools, hotels and farmhouses. Visitors can staythere and take it as a starting point to visit the scenic spots on themountain.

Huacheng temple on Jiuhua street is the oldest ancient temple of JinDynasty in Jiuhua Mountain. It is also the main temple of Jiuhua Mountain. Thearchitecture of the temple is arranged according to the mountain situation,reflecting the superb art of architectural design. In the temple, there is anancient clock which is more than ten feet high and weighs about 20__ Jin. It isexquisitely cast and has a loud voice. It is struck with a mallet. The solemnand clear sound of the bell reverberates in the valley, which often makes peoplefeel extraordinarily refined. "Huacheng evening clock" has become one of the"Jiuhua ten sceneries".

Jiuhua scenery is on the roof. Tiantai peak is the main peak of JiuhuaMountain, with an altitude of more than 1300 meters. There is a saying that "ifyou dont get on the roof, you dont come.". From the rooftop of Jiuhua street,about 15 Huali mountain road, along the road through many scenic spots. When youare out of breath and reach the top of the roof, the scenery in front of youwill make you open-minded and tired. All around the mountains crawling, lookingat Jiuhua street, only palm so big.

Well, here we are. We all get off the bus and follow Xiao Ke into thescenic spot. We must pay attention to our team flag. Dont fall behind or go tothe wrong team.