硕博连读英语翻译【最新20篇】

192 Singapore Road，

Oct. 10，1999

Dear Mr. Lee，

As I am leaving for New York immediately to pursue higher education， I shall be very grateful for a letter of introduction to your brother The-Sheng who， I u nderstand， is now studying at Columbia University. I like very much to make the acquaintance of him who， I understand， has sojourned in the United States for qu ite a number of years and knows that country very well. I am sure I shall benefi t immensely by his advice and guidance when I arrive at that American city， whic h is entirely strange to me .I plan to study at Columbia University during the f irst year of my stay in the United States and hope to approach your brother for detailed information regarding the entrance requirements of that institution if I can have the pleasure of meeting him.

With kind regards，

Yours sincerely，

Y.Chow

译文

192年新加坡的道路,

1999年10月10日,

亲爱的李先生,

在我即将前往纽约接受高等教育的时候，我将非常感激一封介绍信给你的兄弟，我现在正在哥伦比亚大学学习。我非常喜欢与他相识，我了解，他已经在美国逗留了很多年，对这个国家非常了解。我相信，当我到达那个美国城市时，他的建议和指导会给我带来极大的好处。我计划在美国停留期间在哥伦比亚大学学习，希望能与你的兄弟联系，了解有关该机构入学要求的详细信息，如果我能有幸见到他的话。

此致敬礼,

你的真诚,

Y.Chow

第一次来到翻译是面试，试译不能查手机，加上对自己的能力不够自信，心里满是紧张忐忑不安的念头。但是还记得应该是李培姐端来一杯水，不但缓解了我远途而来的干渴，更让我充分有了被尊重的感觉，让我觉得这所公司与别的公司不一样，于细节处见人文关怀。在这里，是同伴间的真诚相待、是团队各司其职尽职尽责、也是员工生日时上的汉堡薯条小龙虾串串香，让我觉得自己十分幸运，也认为自己眼光不错，选择了翻译。

在学校的时候，英汉互译做过一些练习，老师布置的，自己找的，但是所关注的领域和工作中所遇到的全然不同。学习中，老师想的更多是提高学生们的语言水平和翻译技巧，工作中面临的问题绝不仅仅囿于翻译本身，更多的是对综合能力的考察，细心、效率、格式、计算机操作、排版等。

一开始要做各种证件，真的像是打开了新天地的大门。做证件，能翻译姓名性别等信息只是起步，重要的是在信息准确无误的前提下保证排版简洁明了，尽量与原件看齐，这种任务对于我来说是从未体验过的。慢慢地，才发现表格的强大功能，才舍得抛弃惯用的文本框，才发现准确无误地复刻一组数据不是随随便便就能做到的，精神高度集中才不容易出错，做完后更不能就扔到一边，仔细检查才能发现此前忽略的问题。

此外，Trados的大名早有耳闻，自己也曾尝试下载过，为此电脑还安装了一堆莫名其妙的软件，但由于缺乏语料库，后来就作罢了。在这里幸得农老师悉心教导，学会了用Trados来处理银行流水等重复性较高的文件。自己本身就很喜欢学习操作各种软件，在使用Trados过程中，直观地感觉到翻译软件的神奇之处，人工处理流水效率低下，计算机辅助翻译大大地解放了人工且提高了工作效率。机翻取代人工翻译的言论甚嚣尘上，然而翻译软件同人工翻译并不是两个互不融合的对立面，二者的关系并非要谁取代谁，而是要互帮互助。人之所以长于其他生灵，就是因为能较好地利用工具。译员能够长于其他人除了较高翻译水平外应该也是因为译员能够比他人更熟练地操纵翻译工具。前面也曾说过，翻译任务其实不仅仅是翻译本身的行为，其背后的文化因素、审美因素都使得机器翻译不可能单独承载翻译任务。

除了翻译证件和银行流水，有时还会翻译各种证明以及论文。各领域的文件让我感到专业课老师挂在嘴边的那句“Know something about everything”绝非空谈。加强自身的储备，对各种事物保持旺盛的好奇心才能够走得更远。

翻译过程中要对文件中不熟悉的词汇要进行查证，要对模糊的印章证件进行考证，这个过程有时很快就能完成，有时却抓耳挠腮也找不到合适的信息，搜商对于译员来说是一项必备基本素质，如何能快速有效地搜集到想要的信息并对信息进行有效甄别是一项永远都需要学习研究的课题。听了很多前辈的事迹，尤其是于大神与在线医生交流的故事，让我觉得自己在这方面做的很是不足。其一就是整理机打数字时，如果首位数字距离前面的文字距离较近或有重叠部分时，容易漏看第一位数字;其二是对于连笔字体辨别能力不强，此前没有练过连笔字体，所以对连笔字的识别能力亟待提高。

每一件任务都是考验任务接受者的个人素质，仅凭翻译水平绝不能决定任务完成水平。就像李培姐谆谆教诲，工作任务就像木桶，你的粗心就是你的短板，无论翻译水平多高，你的总体水平总是局限在那块板子上。建议非常实际诚恳，我很幸运能收到这样的建议。

翻译的各种文件中，出现了不同的问题。

数字是错误之首，重中之重。数字从来没有像现在这样禁锢住我，以前数学学习上会有不仔细，但问题从未像现在这样大规模地密集地爆发出来。做文件时，各类证件号码安安然躺在冒号后面，似在嘲讽我的没用，在翻译文件时冷不丁伸一脚出来，让我栽一个甚至是数个跟头，甚至栽得鼻青脸肿还在栽。我心底里感谢我的老板同事，因为在我栽跟头时，他们会告诉我怎样去避免栽跟头，他们始终对我抱有期望没有直接放弃我。今后在处理数字问题时，要做到首先做文件时全神贯注专心致志，争取第一遍不要出错，其次要加强检查，检查中着重看数字的对错，每一处都要一一对应。

中英标点问题说实话工作以前从来没有人对我强调过，如果不是从事与文字相关的工作的人，估计很难注意到这二者的区别。但是对这小小标点的执著，正体现了公司的专业精神以及职业素养，是对文字的负责、对客户的负责、也是对自己的负责。得益于在公司中英文标点的训练，在撰写毕业论文时对标点多检查了几遍，导师还有说我论文里中英标点几乎没有什么问题，不像其他同学那样泛滥。在中英文字都存在的文件中，除了翻译文件时要留意标点问题，翻译后对标点进行统一替换有时也可以检查出难以发现的问题。

译文要保持前后一致这点对于译文质量来说也非常重要。就像老板说的：“错也要错的一样，这样有利于你整体改正。”尤其是采用术语的情况下，更不可以只顾自己的翻译习惯，要联系模板或是先前的文件内容，对同一名词(包括但不局限于专有名词)的译法在一批文件里要统一。

进入公司一心想要为公司创造价值不成，却发现自己的错误有可能会给公司造成损失，给他人造成麻烦。别人的时间也是时间，即便是一个错误也会造成不必要的时间、经济和名誉上的浪费损失。这样的译员绝不是一个成熟的专业的译员。翻译能力要提高，工作素养也要提高，想做一个敬业的译员不可以舍弃其中的任何一个。

短时间内没能好好检查文件必然导致后续的时间成本流失，错误的改正是需要时间的。一次性完成既避免了不必要的麻烦，也省去了之后与客户沟通修改的时间。优秀的侦探小说家智商总要比笔下的侦探人物智商要高，译员永远不知道客户能有多仔细认真，所以译员能做的就是在做文件时要比客户更要认真仔细。虽然话说起来容易做起来难，但仍要不断向这个目标努力靠近，改正自己的性格中的缺陷。

错误是我的一个较为失败的开局，但不能让它成为我的影子。即便粗心现在化作标签，也不能让它长久地在我额头上粘下去。问题暴露出来，就要解决问题，迎头而上才不会一辈子都处在问题的阴影之下。以后要多做这一类型的文件，补齐自己的短板，数字暂时处理不好，就多向李培姐索要有关数字的任务;对户口本有心理阴影，就多翻译校对户口本，向农老师学习，多查多看多总结。

过去一个多月里无疑是我一生中最重要的时间段，从学校大门走出来面临着地点与身份的转变，门前门后是不同的世界，很开心能走到翻译的门前。

发现居然已经快要领第的工资了，每月一千块钱的固定收入的确让我的开销宽裕很多。我在广美老师那里实习已经四个月了，这应该是我大学阶段唯一一段实习赚钱的经历，收获颇丰。

1、固定收入比非固定收入要好。凭我的资质，其实很容易找到一分作礼仪的工作，而且这个收入也高很多，一个展会每天都有200元进帐。但是发现，每份礼仪的工作都只是几天的时间，而且每次都要先面试再做事，收入是不稳定的。收入不稳定就会造成心里的不安定，稳定的收入就能让内心有保障。起码不会为下个月的买衣服啊，买化妆品阿大宗消费而担忧。这才发现，有固定收入是一件多么幸福的事情，哪怕收入不高。

2、老板是一个监督并爱护员工的角色。我在广美帮张老师做邮件翻译，我发现其实自己工作是否尽力，老师是很难百分之百了解的。老师只能看是否需要翻的邮件已经翻译，只能看得出数量，但是不可能一五一十去了解质量。那么，工作质量如何完全靠员工的责任心来决定。我自己很清楚，如果老师说话客气点，布置的工作量不会太多，我就非常详尽得翻译信件，把意思尽可能得表达到位。但是如果今天老师让我感觉不爽，比如在临下班之前布置任务，我就只会用最简单的方式把意思翻译出来而已，绝对不会想是否到位，工作质量自然达不到最佳。自然而然扩展来说，老板爱护员工，员工就会拼命。要想因为付点工资就感觉员工做事认真是天经地义的，那老板就是失败的。其实这条定理对于做领导也是适用的，做社团干部也是适用的。

3、赚钱不容易。要想领工资就得做事情。时常，张老师会打电话过来有些要紧的邮件要翻译。一个电话一谈就要半个钟，然后就会打乱我自己原先的计划，临时插进来要先把翻译的事情搞定。然后一周还要上三天班，从早上九点半到晚上五点半，中午还没得睡的哦。我通常白天上班，那晚上就什么事情都做不了了，只能看电视休息。这样，我才发现原来赚钱那么不容易。而且为私人老板打工，还得调整自己适应她的工作习惯。这对于时时刻刻想随心所欲的我，简直是折磨。

4、任务化能让自己静心做事。最开始为了得到这份工作，一个晚上我居然能够翻译出一篇长达七八页纸的艺术类论文，简直是奇迹。后来，一个下午我居然能把一本英文艺术家传记了解的七七八八。因为翻译是工作，工作有指标，所以我能够静心把完全没有概念的文献很快熟悉。

实习翻译心得体会二：实习在翻译公司的实习心得(691字)

今天是20xx年2月10日，我在以琳翻译公司实习的最后一天。一个多月的实习经历让我收获良多。无论是专业技能，还是职场规范，都有在学校里无法得到的感悟。

我在大学里学的是翻译，到以琳之后的主要工作也是翻译和校对，在专业上完全对口。原本以为凭我的翻译水平这份工作应该很容易上手，但经过实际工作才发现自己要学习的地方有很多。

首先是格式问题。在这方面，我不但所知极为有限，连意识也很欠缺。学校里从未学过，我也一直以为翻译仅限于两种语言之间的转化，但作为一种职业，这却远远不够。我们交给客户的应该是跟源文件各方面都一致的成品，而不是只转化了语言的半成品。比如一份幻灯片文件要我们翻译，那译稿应该是格式完全一致的幻灯片，而不是仅仅翻译了文字的word文档。

然后是行文规范问题。即便是纯文本文件，也有其行文规范，如字体、字号、行距以及标点符号运用等。这些内容我们在学校里做翻译练习并不如何重视，但对于专业翻译公司，这类细节问题就像公司的门面，门面不好，公司实力再强形象也会受损。

就是对翻译本身，我也有了新的理解。我在学校里所学所练主要以文学为主，讲究翻译技巧，追求辞藻和句式变化等修辞手法。然而在公司，虽然也有文学方面的订单，但业务方面还是以科技和法律等专业性较强的内容为主。很多时候，客户需要的是一份表达清晰、行文简洁的译文，而非需要用心品味的文章。真正做翻译时，就需要以客户的要求为准，而不是信马游缰地行文。

以前我虽然有过一些兼职，但那些主要是课余时间赚取生活费，顺便了解社会的一种途径，工作本身对专业知识要求小，我也很少全心投入。但在以琳的实习不同，这家专业公司让我找到了真正步入社会的感觉。

Hello,everyone!

I 20xx University graduates Social Sports session, performance excellence, sports and basic skills down. University branch secretary for four years as class groups responsible, enterprising, hard working, high moral character, serious and responsible work. Won a scholarship every year, Excellent student title, and received outstanding graduates, outstanding intern, outstanding League Cadres, Party members.

In all respects strict demands on themselves, thinking motivated, study hard, work for, simple life. Four years of rigorous practice to make me a good university graduates. Strong self-learning ability, to overcome problems; with solid professional skills and strong theoretical basis

Calm; has a strong ability to identify and deal with non-; have strong organizational skills and social adaptability.

Certificates: National Computer level, Certificate III in English; the National Putonghua 2 B certificates; School Poetry Recitation Contest first prize.

Thank you!

译文：

大家好!

我 20xx年大学毕业生社会体育会议，性能卓越，体育基本技能了。大学分公司四年来担任班级负责人、事业心强、工作努力、品德高尚、工作认真负责。每年获得奖学金，优秀学生称号，并获得优秀毕业生、优秀实习生、优秀团干部、党员干部。

在各方面都严格要求自己，思维动力，努力学习，工作简单，生活简单。四年的严格实践，使我成为一个优秀的大学毕业生。有较强的自学能力，克服问题的能力;具有扎实的专业技能和较强的理论基础

具有较强的识别和处理能力，具有较强的组织能力和社会适应能力。

证书：国家计算机级，证书三级英语;国家普通话2级证书;学校诗歌朗诵比赛一等奖。

谢谢!

各位老师们，你们好，我叫 ，来自韶关!我说话喜欢直爽一点，热爱打篮球。要是说我有什么不一样的地方，就是英语比较差，我知道学习酒店管理这个行业，需要英语!但我对这个专业充满期待!我会用尽全力去弥补英语这方面的不足。希望老师能给我这次机会，谢谢!

Dear teachers, Hello, my name is , from Shaoguan! I speak like Frank point, love playing basketball. If I have what different place, is relatively poor English, I know studying hotel management in this industry, need English! But I am full of the professional look! I will try to make up for the shortage of English in this area. I hope the teacher can give me this opportunity, thank you!

英语专业翻译方向论文开题报告

how to deal with ellipsis in english-chinese translation

i. purpose and significance

with the development of globalization, the world’s political, economic and cultural communications are becoming increasingly frequent. therefore, the role of translation cannot be ignored. however, the differences between english and chinese cultures that are reflected in the two languages pose considerable difficulty.

it is acknowledged that when doing translation one can not translate word for word, or sentence by sentence. therefore, we must use some translation strategies such as amplification, ellipsis, conversion and so on. ellipsis as one of the basic translation methods plays an essential role in english-chinese rendition. translators apply it in order to make their versions more coherent and understandable.

according to the oxford advanced learner’s english-chinese dictionary, ellipsis means leaving out a word or words from a sentence deliberately, when the meaning can be understood without them. ellipsis in translation does not mean cutting some content from the original articles. what could be omitted are words that are useless in translated works or else they will make the versions redundant or disobey the manner of expression in another language.

some words and phrases are useless in chinese but necessary in english. articles in english are the most significant phenomenon from this aspect. they are very important in english, but we can hardly see any reflection of this part in chinese. ellipsis is designed on the basis of faithfulness to the original text, making it more fluent, smooth, concise, thus conforming to idiomatic chinese. the paper will explore ellipsis in english-chinese translation from five aspects, which are ellipses of pronouns, conjunctions, articles, prepositions, modifications, so as to achieve smoother and clearer communications among china and english-speaking countries.

ii. literature review

long before, some people began to learn other countries’ languages to understand others cultures. in china, xuanzang was the first translator who not only translated the sanskrit sutras into chinese, but introduced the first chinese writings to foreign countries, making foreigners understand china’s ancient culture. meanwhile, he was the first to translate lao tses works into sanskrit. indian scholars had a high opinion of xuanzang, "in china, there is no such great translator, and also in the human cultural history, we can only say that xuanzang is the first great translator."(ye lang, ) we can say that it was xuanzang who motivated people to know the different parts of the world, their cultures and the peoples who live there. then, some big countries such as america, china, and so on became a melting pot.(gu zhengkun, ) people have imperceptibly spent thousands of years in knowing each other.

with china’s entry into wto and its open-up policy, cross-cultural exchanges are increasingly frequent between this country and others. a lot of foreign tourists come to visit china. while traveling, these foreigners are not satisfied with the translations of the scenic spots. sometimes, they even feel confused. a lot of problems exist in the translation, such as misuse of words, poor expression of meaning and so on. all of these poor translations do harm to our country’s international image, and cause a lot of inconveniences for the foreign visitors. (ma zuyi, ). i am fond of tourism and being a free tourist like the others who are good at enjoying their wonderful lives. the love of tourism makes me feel the need to improve the translation. but every time when i have a trip, many unsuitable translations of the names of those scenic spots will embarrass me. tourism is part of intercultural communication, so proper translation of the scenic spots become more and more important to our country.

communication plays a significant role in the globalized society. in order to know each other better, people from all over the world have tried a verity of ways. of course, translation is one of them. all translators have done their best to make the translated works more consistent with the needs of people.(gu jinming, 1997) from my perspective, they really have done a great job. and i want to retrospect the cause of their development. after a thorough evaluation, i choose a branch of translation—ellipsis in translation from english to chinese, then i did the following jobs.

i put all my researches and other stuffs together, and then i found that it is a common case in english and chinese which draws much academic interest. in 1976, halliday and hsan classified ellipsis into nominal, verbal and clausal ellipsis. this classification exerts great influence in academic circle. thereafter, ellipsis in chinese and english has been studied according to this theory, which is based on different layers of structure. this kind of study underlines differentiations and similarities of ellipsis in chinese and english.

another famous theory to explain ellipsis is economy principle. economy principle was put forward by chomsky (1991,1993, and 1995) in his generate crammer. it maintains that language and linguistic study follow economy principle, which means using the least effort to express the most information. this principle just coincides with ellipsis in function.

in this thesis, i think that brevity is the most obvious and common function of ellipsis, especially in daily language. and in both english and chinese, people advocate brevity. shakespeare once remarked, “brevity is the soul of wit”, and in chinese there are numerous idioms like “yan jian yi gai” (meaning compendious). however, apart from the function of brevity, ellipsis embodies other functions which are also pretty common in the two languages but less noticed.(hua xianfa,)these functions distribute in both english and chinese unevenly and represent great colorfulness of language. exploring other functions of ellipsis and searching for functional recreation in translation will be of much benefit to both english to chinese and chinese to english translation.

i found that when chinese authors try to analyse ellipsis in english to chinese translation, they always initially put articles in the list. they consider that it is a common phenomenon that chinese always leave out personal articles. while it is obviously different in english that almost every sentence has a subject, we can see articles fluently. that is because when we translate from english to chinese, personal articles can be omitted, even though sometimes it may appear once, it can also be omitted if necessary. furthermore, if the objects can be seen obviously, personal articles should also be omitted. however, it never happens in english. from this point, it is not only allowable but also necessary when we translate personal articles which are objects in sentences into chinese.

in my point of view, the development of society has in some way has deliberately promoted the way of people’s thinking, translation system has become more and more perfect, people from all over the world have enjoyed the convenience. however, we can not neglect that there are still some problems in this field in china, and we have less influential chinese translators in the world. therefore, we still have a long way to go in translation.

iii. feasibility analysis

this academic paper is a feasible project and the reasons are as follows:

1.i have great interests in the way of english-chinese translation.

2.i have already studied translation methods and have been familiar with the functions and applications of ellipsis .

3.i have collected enough references both chinese and western on ellipsis in

translation and do a scrupulous study of the relationship between them.

4.i have a carefully planned schedule and have worked out a detailed outline of this thesis.

5.i have acquainted myself with the correct format, a clear and complete structure required by the academic paper, and my adequate english competence will enable me to write in fluent and precise english.

6.my instructor is a qualified translator who is familiar with the subject i havechosen.

iv. problems of the research and solutions

1. problems

despite the references i have collected and read, a thorough study of ellipsis in english-chinese translation from the point of freely using still needs far more. what’s more, owing to the limited ways of getting references in xinjiang, i will have to make full use of my present resources. also, this is the first time i have ever written such a serious academic paper. i am therefore a learner and lack the needed training and experience.

2. solutions

(1) i shall make full use of my already acquired references which come from books, magazines and the internet as well.

(2) i shall value my own original thoughts and mainly rely on detailed analysis that i have read from the books which have closely idea with my purpose.

(3) when i have difficulties in the writing process, i shall consult my instructor and seek for help.

v. necessary conditions

1. our university and school of foreign languages have provided the basic study and research conditions and facilities, including books and journals in the library and reading rooms.

2. the internet is another source of information and on the campus we have easy access to the internet.

3. i have been assigned an instructor to guide me through the whole process of planning and writing.

vi. outline

i. introduction

a. a brief introduction of ellipsis in translation

b. what should we pay attention to when dealing with ellipsis

c. the reason why ellipsis is so widely used in translation

1. chinese expressions are much briefer than that of english

2. english grammar is wee-knit and complete in sentence structure

ii. the principles of ellipsis

a. omitted words must be useless and unnecessary in the translated works

b. the meaning of the omitted words is implied in the test

c. omitted words which are self-evident

ш. the functions and applications of ellipsis

a. the coherence of the meaning of expression

b. the coincidence of the manner of expression

1. ellipsis of articles

a. ellipsis of definite articles

b. ellipsis of indefinite articles

2. ellipsis of prepositions

3. ellipsis of pronouns

a. ellipsis of personal and impersonal pronouns

b. ellipsis of indefinite pronouns

c. ellipsis of relative pronouns

4. ellipsis of conjunctions

a. ellipsis of coordinating conjunctions

b. ellipsis of subordinate conjunctions

5. ellipsis of rhetoric

a. ellipsis of repeated words

b. ellipsis of synonyms

做人真诚热情，乐观向上，工作态度认真负责、谦虚，有较好的时间观念和适应能力强，积极参加各种社会实践来充实自己，发挥自己的才能，挖掘自身的潜力。富有团队协作精神，集体观念强。

Man warm and sincere, optimistic, serious and responsible attitude, humble, has a good sense of time and the ability to adapt to and actively participate in various social practice to enrich themselves, their talents, tap their own potential. Full of team spirit, strong sense of the collective.

经过一个学期的学习，我们即将结束《英汉翻译教程》的学习。通过学习，我又掌握了一门新的英语学习技能，也初步了解了英汉翻译的基本要求与要领。简而言之，就是获益匪浅。

英汉翻译是一门建立在综合能力基础之上的学科，囊括了全方位的知识以及中西文化的差异。不管是对个人能力以及日常积累都有较高的要求。前我一直有一种误区：认为只要掌握大量的词汇，翻译起来就会很容易，认为翻译只不过是把大量的词汇拼接连接在一起。可是当我真正接触到这门课程时惊觉自己原来的思维是有多么的狭隘。当翻译一句话时，我根本不知道该怎么组合。勉强组合在一块时不是错误百出，就是很Chinglish.

首先，英汉翻译应遵循“忠实，通顺”的标准。所谓忠实，就是忠实于原文的内容。由于中西文化之间存在的巨大差异，一句英文在欧美人看起来顺理成章，而在我们中国人看起来就会极其别扭。我们就会在翻译过程中不自觉的用上自己的思维，因而改变了原文的意思破坏了原文的风格。通顺就是指原文语言必须通俗易懂，符合规范。译文必须通顺，避免死译，硬译，符合规范。把原文的内容适当的表达出来，既不能改变扭曲，也不能增加或删减。如“Heisseriouslyill”.就译为：“他病得很厉害”。有人为了追求汉语的“漂亮”译为“他苟延残喘”，这就得不偿失了。

其次，翻译分为三个阶段：理解，表达，和校核。准确理解原文所要表达的意思，注意上下文的关系在翻译过程中是至关重要的。在翻译时采取直译或者意译两种方式。有时在翻译过程中我们也可以直译和意译结合起来使用。主要取决与具体的情景。校核也是一个非常重要的过程，不可忽视。即在翻译时要经过反复的推敲，已到达最好效果的翻译。

翻译不是一朝一夕就能做到做好的事。我们在日常学习中必须注重积累有关英译汉方面的知识以及基本方法。了解基本英汉语言对比(词法和句法)。通过对比，掌握两种语言各自的特点，以及所对应的意思，在翻译的时候才能得心应手的运用。避免造成错用，误用，闹出笑话。需要注意的是随着语言的发展，很多英语单词已经不再紧紧局限于其原有的意思，更有了扩展。这就要求我们积极扩充自己的积累。同时，我还学习掌握了英译汉时常用的方法和技巧。如：增词法，重复法，省略法，以及词义的转义等等。还有关于各种不同句型的不同翻译方式。如定语从句，被动语态，状语从句等等，这些在书本上都有系统的介绍。我们在日常练习的时候也要避免为了做题而做题，要在过程中学会理解，应用这些方法。

我还体会到理解和翻译并不是一回事，几个人的理解相同，翻译成的文字风格可以是不同的。通过学习，我了解到可以直译的就直译，只要把词序调整一下，保证通顺，不致引起误解就好。如果不能直译，可凭借各种翻译技巧，在不偏离原文意思的前提下，对句子的结构作一些变动。方法也好，技巧也好，都是为忠实、通顺地再现原作这个目的服务的，其功效自不待言，但并非万应灵药。任何方法在应用中都有其限度，过犹不及。如果一味死搬教条，盲目遵照翻译的规则，过分依赖这些翻译的技巧，最终只会落得个邯郸学步的结果。优秀的翻译者会在在实践中经常数法并用，因人因文而异，并无一定之规，主要靠自己不断实践、不断总结经验和不断提高理论水平，才能最终达到得心应手、曲尽其妙的境界。

经过学习，我确实获得了不少的进步以及在本学期的翻译学习中，我们获得了翻译专业应具备的一项技能，也对下学期的汉英翻译学习有了初步的计划和想法，以后学起来的时候亦不会无从下手。我相信我在今后的翻译道路更加宽阔平坦，我会再今后的学习中，不断总结经验技巧，是这些宝贵经验成为翻译学习的宝贵财富，力争做一名合格的英语人。

我也知道只是经过这学期的学习，我还有很多缺失以及不足的对地方。像中西文化这方面我就做的不是很好，经常在翻译时会弄不清具体的背景知识而做出错误的译文。翻译的时候也会出现措辞不当的现象。我还需要继续的加深关于这方面的知识。翻译不像我想象中的那么简单，但是也不是高不可攀。最重要的是要保持一颗积极学习进取的心，无论何时何地不能失去对翻译的热情。只有这样，才能在日后的学习中遇到困难时有勇气克服它。翻译本就是一个需要不断探索，积累，应运的过程。我有信心在未来的学习中会越走越远，越做越好!!!

Dear Miss Gao,

Im sorry I cant go to school today. I helped the farmers pick apples with my classmates on the farm yesterday. Unluckily, I fell off the ladder and hurt my leg, but I wasnt badly hurt. The doctor asked me to stay in bed and have a good rest. So I ask for leave for two days.

Wang Li

亲爱的高小姐，

对不起，我今天不能去上学了。昨天我帮助农民们在农场里和我的同学们一起摘苹果。Unluckily，我从梯子上摔下来伤了腿，但我并不严重的伤害。医生让我躺在床上好好休息。所以我要求离开两天。

王莉

Dear Mr.,

Im sorry to tell you that I caught a cold and Im not feeling well now.I am adviced to stay in bed for two days and cant go to school then.But I think Ill get well soon and be back the day after tomorrow.

Yours sincerely,

性格开朗，工作认真负责，细心，有很强的责任心和进取心,头脑灵活，不怕吃苦，接受能力强，能够很好的处理同事的关系，具有强烈的团队合作精神，并能承担一定的工作压力。

Cheerful, serious and responsible, careful, have a strong sense of responsibility and initiative, a quick mind, not afraid of hardship, and ability to accept, able to handle the relationship between colleagues, with a strong team spirit, and to assume certain working pressure

陈先生：您XX年XX月XX日骑车外出，至今未归，单位许多事急待与您商量。同事及亲属都万分着急，盼您早日归来。

特征：陈X，曾用名：陈，男，XX岁，身高1、78米，身材魁梧，讲普通话。脸上有明显老人斑。外出时，头戴浅灰色旅行帽，戴金属框茶色变色眼镜;着浅豆沙式夹克衫，大红格绒布衬衫;外穿米色风衣，下穿旧石磨兰牛仔裤，脚穿白色低帮旅游鞋;骑一辆红色26英寸女式旧金狮自行车。车牌号：0420xx5，钢印号：F483347。有发现其下落或自行车者，将重金酬谢。有线索者，请速与张戴联系。

电话传真：

XX年XX月XX日

英语自我介绍范文带翻译：

I am very happy to introduce myself here。I was born in Liaoning Province。I graduated from Nankai University and majored in International Trade。 I like music and reaing books，especially economical books。 It is my honor to apply this job。 I hope I can realise my dream in our pany。Please give me a chance。Thank you very much

it is my great pleasure to introduce myself。i was born in LIAONING。 My major is international trade。 I was graduated in Nankai University。 My hobby lies in the music and reading， especially like economics。

i am glad that i can take part in this interview and i am sincerely hope that i can join this pany to realize my dream。 please give my a chance。 Thank you。

很高兴做自我介绍，我出生在辽宁，专业是国际贸易，毕业于南开大学，我的兴趣是音乐，读书，尤其是经济类的书。

很荣幸应聘贵公司，期望能在贵公司实现我的梦想，期望能给我一次机会，多谢。

各位评委各位同学大家晚上好!

首先做一下简单的自我介绍，我叫~~-~，来自信电~~班，(举例名字叫杨少峰，胡杨树的杨，代表我有胡杨树一样坚韧的品格，少年的少，代表我身上充满的少年的阳刚之气和活力，山峰的峰代表我渴望登上成功的顶峰)，我的直觉告诉我，像我这样的名字在不久的将来可能会出现在福布斯排行榜上。我平时比较喜欢打篮球我的人生格言：激-情成就梦想

我的创业口号是:employ yourself, enlighten your life——激-情创业，点燃梦想!

今天我演讲的题目是《激-情创业，点燃梦想》

我很佩服三种人，第一种是不甘平庸，不沉于安逸，一心想做出一番大事业并且不断为之而奋斗的人，如果你是这种人请举起一下手，我佩服的第二种人就是有激-情，有毅力无论遇到什么样的事都不会轻易放弃的人，我佩服的第三种人，就是有自信自己可以为自己鼓掌的人，如果您是这样的人，请为自己鼓一下掌。

好了，也许这三种人你都是，那么恭喜你，因为你一定可以成为一个成功的创业者

许多人都在问为什么工作这么难找?为什么现在大学毕业生就业如此困难?那么我可以告诉是因为中国缺少老板! 因为中国大学生中缺少创业者!因为中国大学生缺少创业的熏陶! 因为我们都想着努力去找工作而很少有人想着努力去为别人创造工作! 如果我们大学生都

只想着毕业以后努力去找工作而都不愿意去为别人创造工作，那又哪里来的那么的岗位呢?

也许将来的你找到一个好的工作，为了结婚你借款买了房，从此便开始了漫长的还贷人生。当机会来敲门时，也许你不在家，于是机会走了：也许你在家，但是一套沉重的房子压得你喘不过气来，结果机会还是走了.一套房子消灭一个梦想 ，这不是我想要的生活，我相信这也不是你们想要的生活。

俞敏洪曾经说过一个年轻人在三年之内没有想法，那么他这一辈子也就是这样子。的确对于有些人来说三年真的很快，但是对于一个创业者来说，在三年的光阴中，你会有巅峰和谷底，你会品尝到更多的酸甜苦辣，你的生命会更加有意义机会是自己创造的，成功总是属于那么一小撮人，为了成为这一小撮人，投身创业，开拓人生，让自己成为这一小撮人中的一分子。

要创业总得有个目标吧，下面简单介绍一下我的创业梦想。

当今世界能源十分紧缺，而我国的能源形势更是不容乐观，因此开发可再生性能源是一个很好的项目。可再生性能源开发与销售公司，这也是我的初步梦想，作为信电学院的一名学生我人为自己的创业方向还是比较符合自己的专业，我真的希望将来能有一天，信电的孩子们可以走进我的公司信电的孩子们不用再为了找工作而发愁。

1、政策支持，学校鼓励。近几年，国家实行了创新工程，进行了体制创新和技术创新。教育部门出台了政策和措施，支持和鼓励在校大学生休学励志创业，欢迎出国留学生回国励志创业。从去年起，高考也放宽了入学年龄和婚否的限制，许多大学也陆续实行了学分制，一些高校相继开展大学生励志创业活动，具备励志创业计划大赛，这些举措都为大学生投身励志创业创造了前所未有的有利条件。

2、知识密集，技术先进。大学生群体励志创业者文化程度高，所学专业技术与励志创业紧密结合，能够学以致用，在技术创新上独树一帜。被媒体称为“中国励志创业第一人”的杨锦方是第一个将励志创业计划大赛引入清华圆、引入中国的人，他注册和创办了“视美乐”公司用所学的计算机知识，为公司发展做出了贡献。

3、社会实践、奠定基础。很多大学生参加勤工俭学、到高新技术企业实习或打工活动，在实践中积累了初步经验，为大学生励志创业奠定了良好的基础。各高校经常举办的励志创业计划大赛、课外科技发明大赛等为大学生励志创业活动的开展注入了生机和活力。

Beijing, formerly known as Peking, was the capital of the Yuan Dynasty asearly as 1271. Hundreds of years later, Beijing, as the imperial capital, is nowmore prosperous.

People who come to Beijing for the first time by train will feel that therailway station is very busy and the bus is very convenient. It is said that thebus in Beijing has the longest bus length and the most bus routes in China. Butbecause traffic jams are frequent, it is not the best choice to travel inBeijing by bus. Beijings subway line through the city underground, as many as adozen, there is no traffic jam, is the preferred way of travel for the vastmajority of people.

In Beijing, the most worry is playing. There are many scenic spots inBeijing, such as Tiananmen Square, the Great Wall, the Forbidden City, thesummer palace, Xiangshan, Happy Valley, the zoo, Yonghe palace, Prince Gongsmansion, the temple of heaven, the temple of earth, Lugou Bridge, the ChinaWorld Monument, the new site of CCTV, and so on. When I come to Beijing for thefirst time, it is estimated that it will take me a month to enjoy all thesescenic spots. In other cities, it may cost a lot of money to visit places ofinterest, but in Beijing, its not expensive. For example, in the peak season ofBadaling, its 45 yuan, in the zoo, its 50 yuan, and half price for students.Tiananmen Square, China Century Monument and other attractions are free ofcharge. Although admission fees for scenic spots are not high, accommodation inBeijing is very expensive. Generally, the price of a small hotel is tens of yuana night, that of a slightly larger hotel is more than 100 yuan, and that of astandard room in a medium-sized hotel is about 200-300 yuan. If you want to stayin Beijing for a few more days, youd better go together and rent a short-termsuite in advance, which can save a lot of money.

北京原名北平，早在公元1271年，元朝就定都于此，几百年过去了，身为帝都的北京如今更加的繁华。

坐火车初次来来北京的人，都会觉得火车站很热闹，公交很便捷。据说北京的公交是我国城市公交车车长最长的，公交线路最多的，但因为堵车是时经常的事，所以在北京出行坐公交并不是最佳的选择。北京的地铁线贯通城市地下，多达十几条，还没有堵车的困扰，是绝大多数人首选的出行方式。

在北京，最不愁的就是玩。北京的景点很多，如天安门、长城、故宫、颐和园、香山、欢乐谷、动物园、雍和宫、恭王府、天坛、地坛、卢沟桥、中华世界坛、中央电视台新址，等等。初次来到北京，要想把这些景点都尽兴的游览一遍，估计需要一个月的时间。游览名胜古迹，在其他的城市门票可能是笔不小的花费，但在北京门票并不算贵，像八达岭门票旺季45元，动物园50元，学生半价;天安门、中华世纪坛等景点还是免费进入的。景点门票虽然收费不高，但寸土寸金的北京住宿却很贵。一般的小旅社价格要几十元一晚，稍微大一点的宾馆价格要一百多元，中等酒店宾馆的标准间价格要在二百到三百元左右。建议去北京游玩的人们，如果想多留几天最好结伴而行，事先租好短期租用的套房，这样可以省下不少钱。

亲友生病或是受了伤，或由于火灾、水灾、被盗等一些不幸的事件而蒙受了损失，就应该写一封慰问信表示关怀和慰问。慰问信要写得很真诚，要注意措辞。写慰问信时，一定要围绕一个中心，那就是使收信人从中得到安慰和鼓舞。

Dear Mrs. Corbin,

I was so sorry to learn of your illness. You must hurry and get well!Everybody in the neighborhood misses you, and we’re all hoping you’ll be back soon.

Mr. Burke joins me in sending best wishes for your speed recovery.

Sincerely yours,

Mary Burke

[译文]

亲爱的科宾夫人：

听说您病了，我非常难过。您一定要尽快地恢复健康，因为邻居们都很想念您，大家都希望您早日出院归来。

伯克先生和我共祝您很快康复。

您真挚的

玛丽 伯克

Hello everybody。 My name is Stone。 I e from Guangdong province in China。;

嗨，大家好。 我的名字叫石头，我来自 中国广东。

I am very happy to e here to study with you。;我很高兴来那里和你们一 起念书。

When I arrived at this school three days ago， I fell in love with it。;

当我三天前来到这个 学校时，我就喜欢上它了

It is so beautiful and exciting here， and everyone is kind to me especially Kim。;

那里是那么美丽，那么振 奋人心，那里的每个人都 对我很亲切，

个性是Kim 老师。

This class feels just like one big family to me。;

而这个班群众对我来说就 像一个大家庭。

Im interested in sports， music and mountain climbing。;

我对运动、音乐和爬 山很有兴趣。

I hope I can bee your friend soon。 Thank you very much。;

最后，我期望我能很 快成为你们的朋友，多谢。

Dear Mr. Wang,

I am very sorry that I shall be unable to come to your classes today owing to a bad cold. I enclose a certificate from the doctor who is attending me. He said it will be two or three days before I shall be able to resume my school.

David

April 20

王老师：

很抱歉，我因患重感冒今天不能到校。现附上医生证明，他说我两三天后才能到校学习。

大卫

四月二十日

to introduce myself(介绍我自己) hello,every one!(大家好)my name is __ . (我叫____)im a 15 years old boy. (我是一个15岁的男孩)(具体情况自己改) i live in the beautiful city ofrizhao.(我住在美丽的rizhao城)(你可以把rizhao

改成自己家乡的城市的名称的拼音)im an active ,lovely and clever boy.(我是一个活跃的可爱的聪明的男孩) inthe school , my favourite subject is maths . (在学校，我最喜欢数学) perhaps someone thinksits difficult to study well .(也许有些人认为这很难学)

but i like it.(但我喜欢他)i belive that if you try your best, everything can bedone well.(我相信每件

事付出努力就会有害结果)

i also like sports very much.(我也很喜欢运动) such as,running,volleyball and soon. (像跑步、排球等等)im kind-hearted.(我很热心)i hope we can be good friends!(我希望我们能成为好朋友)ok.this is me .a sunny boy.(好了，这就是我，一个阳光男孩) 首先要看你写信的性质。是官方而正式的书信?还是朋友间的通信?无论是哪一种，基本的英文书信格式应包括四大部分：日期，称呼，正文，和落款

Hello,Im .Im a girl.Im 13 years old.I live in China.I can speak Chinese and a little Endlish.I like singing and dance.I can play ping pong.I like English.Because I think I can learn lots of from it.My favourite color is blue.I like to eat noodles best.My email is #.My telephone number is 3456789.We can be good friends.

你好，我是.我是个女生。我已经(13)岁了。我住在中国。我会说汉语和一点英语。我喜欢(唱歌和跳舞)。我会(打乒乓球)。我喜欢(英语)。因为我觉得(我可以从当中学到很多)我最喜欢的颜色是(蓝色)我喜欢吃(面条)。我的电子邮箱是，我的电话是(3456789)。我们可以成为好朋友。

Hello，every one!(大家好)

My name is 。 (我叫)

Im a 15 years old boy。 (我是一个15岁的男孩)(具体状况自我改)

I live in the beautiful city of Rizhao。(我住在美丽的Rizhao城)(你能够把Rizhao改成自我家乡的城市的名称的拼音)

Im an active ，lovely and clever boy。(我是一个活跃的可爱的聪明的男孩)

In the school ， my favourite subject is maths 。 (在学校，我最喜欢数学)

Perhaps someone thinks its difficult to study well 。(也许有些人认为这很难学)

But I like it。(但我喜欢他)

I belive that if you try your best， everything can be done well。(我相信每件事付出努力就会有害结果)

I also like sports very much。(我也很喜欢运动)

Such as，running，volleyball and so on。 (像跑步、排球等等)

Im kind-hearted。(我很热心)

If you need help ，please e to me 。(如果你需要帮忙，就来找我)

I hope we can be good friends!(我期望我们能成为好朋友)

OK。This is me 。A sunny boy。(好了，这就是我，一个阳光男孩)