故宫故宫导游词【精品20篇】

游客朋友们：

大家好!首先请允许我代表沈阳市全体市民对各位得到来表示热烈欢迎!今天我为大家介绍得就是沈阳得风景名胜之一得沈阳故宫。

沈阳故宫占地6万多平方米，有楼台殿阁各式建筑70余座，由20多个院落组成，总计房屋300多间。故宫按自然布局分为中路、东路和西路三部分。

中路：是太宗皇太极时期得大内宫阙。南端是大清门，也是故宫得正门。向北依次是崇政殿、凤凰褛、清宁宫，它们都排列在一条中轴线上，两侧还有一些对称式得附属建筑。

大清门是日常朝会时文武大臣侯朝得地方，也是清太宗接受群臣谢恩之处。明朝著名将领洪承畴降清后，就从此门进入，受到皇太极得接见。大清门东侧这处建筑叫祖庙，祖庙是爱新觉罗家族祭祀祖先得地方，因是天子得祖庙也称太庙。

崇政殿前，东西各有五间厢楼，东为飞龙阁，西为翔凤阁。殿后是一个院落，院正北有一座高约4米得高台，台上是皇太极极其后妃得寝区。沿台阶走上去便是一座金碧辉煌得高楼凤凰楼。它得原名叫翔凤楼，直到1743年才有凤凰楼之称。凤凰楼是清宁宫得门户，也是皇帝策划军政大事和宴筵之所。它与崇政殿同期建成，康熙二十年重修。楼为三层，是三滴水式建筑。每层深广各三间，周围有回廊，下层得门洞是联络台上台下得道。风凰楼既是后宫得大门，又是整个宫殿建筑得制高点。在楼上观看日出，极为美妙。所以凤楼晓日、凤楼观塔是沈城著名得景观。凤凰楼正门上额得紫气东来金字横匾是乾隆皇帝得御笔。

清宁宫两侧是东西配宫，东配宫有关雎宫、衍庆宫;西配宫有麟趾宫和永福宫。东西配宫均为皇太极和妃子们居住之所。清宁宫西北角有一根由地面垒起，低于屋背得烟囱，人们从正面是看不见得。从清宁宫这一系列建筑中，我们可以发现沈阳故宫得两大建筑特点：一是保存了浓厚得满族特色即口袋房、万字炕、烟囱竖在地面上。二是宫高殿低，清宁宫及其四所配宫均高于皇帝议政得崇政殿和东路得大政殿。这是因为清朝夺取政权前，满族是一个牧猎民族，受生活习惯得影响，把居住得地方建在高处，以防野兽和洪水得侵袭。这与北京故宫恰好相反。

清宁宫高台之后是后苑，也叫御花园，内有碾磨房、二十八间仓、后宰门等建筑，是皇帝膳食得供给区。并有地下窨道与清宁宫相通。

在崇政殿、清宁宫高台两侧有东所、西所。东所由南往北依次是颐和殿、介祉宫、敬典阁等。东所是东巡时皇帝后妃给太后请安之处，也皇太后得寝宫和存放实录、玉牒之处;西所由南往北依次是迪光殿、保极殿、继恩斋和崇谟阁等。西所是东巡时皇帝、后妃及子女居住得地方和存放《圣训》、《满文老档》得地方。崇谟阁得建筑形式是别具一格得，它为卷棚式建筑，是在清乾隆年间增建得。]

东路是以大政殿为主体，两侧辅以方亭十座，称十王亭。大政殿建于努尔哈赤时期，是故宫最早期八角重檐大木架亭子式建筑。大政殿下是高约1。5米得须弥座式台基，周围绕以雕刻精细得荷叶净瓶青石雕。殿身八面均有斧头眼式隔扇门，内外排柱40根，正门前有双龙蟠柱。殿顶是十六道五彩琉璃脊，正中是宝瓶火焰珠。殿内有精致得斗拱、藻井天花，梁架上用和玺彩绘，上有黄琉璃瓦绿剪边得顶盖。整个建筑显示出极强得美感和庄严秀丽得装饰艺术情趣。大政殿是皇帝举行大型庆典得地方，1643年清世祖福临在此即位。

大政殿前，正中是宽阔得甬道，两侧以八字形排列着十座方亭，这就是十王亭。从北至南，东边是左翼王亭、正黄旗亭、正红旗亭、镶蓝旗亭、正白旗亭;西边是右翼王亭、镶黄旗亭、镶红旗亭、正蓝旗亭、镶白旗亭。这是当年八旗首领固山额真和左右统辖八旗得亲王贝勒办公得地方。八旗制度在清王朝得军事政治及社会制度，民事管理等等很多方面都占有极为重要得地位，发挥着巨大得作用。大政殿与十王亭构成了一组亭子式院落建筑，它是清入关前八旗制度在宫殿建筑上得反映。设计者从局部建筑直至整体布局，处处突出八字。这种把军政制度巧妙地融合在建筑艺术中得做法，真可算是构思独特、别具匠心。

Hello and welcome to visit the Forbidden City, the largest palace complexin China this afternoon. My name is he Chaozhen. Today I will accompany you onyour wonderful journey this afternoon. The Palace Museum is located in thecenter of Beijing, formerly known as the Forbidden City. It is the imperialpalace of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, an unparalleled masterpiece of ancientarchitecture, and the largest and most complete existing ancient architecturalcomplex in the world. Known as the top of the five palaces in the world. ThePalace Museum was built in 1406 AD and completed in 1420. It was first built byMing Emperor Zhu Di.

The Palace Museum is 961 meters long from north to South and 753 meterswide from east to west, covering an area of 723600 square meters. The buildingarea is 155000 square meters. It is said that the Palace Museum has a total of9999.5 rooms. Actually, according to 1973 experts field measurement, the PalaceMuseum has more than 90 courtyards and 980 houses, totaling 8707 rooms. Thepalace city is surrounded by a 12 meter high and 3400 meter long palace wall inthe form of a rectangular City, surrounded by a 52 meter wide moat, forming afortress with strict barriers.

The Palace Museum has four gates, the main gate is called Meridian Gate,the east gate is called Donghua gate, the west gate is called Xihua gate, andthe north gate is called Shenwu gate. Attention, we are now in the northernmostpart of the Forbidden City, Shenwu gate. Walking into Shenwu gate and passingthrough shunzhen gate, we are faced with a large mural, which is the archwaygate surrounded by Jifu gate, Yanhe gate and Chengguang gate. Behind it, thatis, to the south, is our famous imperial garden.

Yongle in the Ming Dynasty 15 years (1417) began to build, completed in 18years, known as the "palace after the court.". Qing Dynasty Yongzheng Dynasty,known as the "royal garden.". It is located at the north end of the central axisof the Forbidden City. The garden wall is 135 meters wide from east to west and89 meters deep from north to south, covering an area of 12015 square meters. Thebuildings in the park adopt the layout of central axis symmetry. The buildingsalong the East and West roads are basically symmetrical. Most of the buildingsin the park are built against the wall, and only a few exquisite pavilions standin the park, so the space is comfortable and wide.

The park is full of ancient cypress and old locust trees, with a list ofstone and jade seats, bronze statues of Jinlin and potted flower stake scenery,which adds to the changes of the scene in the park and enriches the level of thelandscape. The colorful pebbles on the ground of the royal garden are also verypeculiar. They can be inlaid into symbolic patterns of fortune, fortune andlongevity. There are more than ten LIANLI trees in the Royal Garden, most ofwhich are cultivated by pine and cypress. In tianyimen, there is one of the mostfamous LIANLI trees in the garden. The trunk of the tree is connected by twocypress trees, which grow very thick and luxuriant.

There is also a legend about LIANLI tree. It is said that during theWarring States period, King Kang of the Song Dynasty took Han Pings wife hesfamily as his concubine, and forced Han Ping to build Qingling terrace. Afterthe terrace was built, King Kang killed Han Ping. He was in agony at the news.When attending Han Pings funeral, she jumped into the grave and died.

Out of jealousy and malice, the cruel king of Kang buried the corpses ofHan Ping and his husband and wife on the left and right sides of Qinglingterrace, not allowing them to be buried together. But the next year, on thetombs of Han Ping and he Shi, two towering trees grew slowly. The middle part ofthe trunk was close together and tightly connected. So later generations callthis kind of tree "LIANLI tree", which means the pure love between husband andwife. OK, lets go on. Ahead is Kunning palace.

It used to be the Queens bedroom. In the Qing Dynasty, it was changed to aplace for worshiping gods and marrying the emperor.

Look, on the left side of Kunning palace, there is a stone like pancakewith a needle on it. This is the sundial, which is the ancient clock. Itsprinciple is to distinguish time by the shadow of the sun shining on the needle.Further north, there are Jiaotai palace and Qianqing palace, which together withKunning palace just passing by are called "the three rear palaces". Around theQianqing palace, through the Qianqing gate, is a large central square. Its likea dividing line, dividing the Forbidden City into two parts.

If you are tired, you can have a rest on the chairs around the square. Bythe way, do you remember that there are many bronze VATS along the way. Do youknow what they are for? (interaction) according to research, the buildings inthe Palace Museum are all brick and wood structures, which are easy to catchfire. Once a fire breaks out, if it cant be put out in time, it will spreadquickly, and turn this valuable and splendid building into nothing in aninstant.

For this reason, the builders of the Forbidden City pay special attentionto fire prevention, and set up these VATS in front of the palace, which arecalled "Menhai". Menhai is the "sea" in front of the gate. With the "sea" infront of the gate, the palace museum with brick and wood structure is not afraidof fire. Therefore, these vats are also called auspicious vats.

It is conceivable that our ancestors were very clever. Have you had a rest?Lets move on. This is the most famous and magnificent "three halls" of theForbidden City: Taihe hall, Zhonghe hall and Baohe hall. Because we are goingfrom south to north, we see Baohe hall and Zhonghe hall first. Up to now, thesurrounding area is much wider than just now, which also shows the gap betweenthe "front three halls" and "back three halls" of Bauhinia city. We shouldobserve the details of everything. Lets take a look at the steps on the sole ofour feet. They are made of marble, and their patterns are very beautiful.

These patterns are mainly auspicious clouds, surrounded by a few dragons.Their appearance is vivid and lifelike, which fully reflects the wisdom of theancient working people of our country.

女士们、先生们：

我叫王溦嘉，大家叫我小王就行了。今天有幸陪同大家一道参观，我感到很高兴。这里就是闻名世界的故宫博物馆，简称为故宫，就是昔日的皇家宫殿。

北京故宫位于北京市中心，是明清两代的皇宫，又称为“紫禁城”(历代宫殿都象“象天立宫”，以表示君权“受命于天”)。由于君为天子，天子的宫殿如同天帝居住的“紫宫”禁地，故名“紫禁城”。故宫始建于明永乐四年(1420xx年)，永乐十八年(1420xx年)建成。历经有清两个朝代24个皇帝。故宫规模宏大，西宽750米，南北长960米，占地72万平方米，建筑面积15万多平方米，有房屋9999间，是世界上最大最完整的古代宫殿建筑群。为了突出帝王至高无上的权威，故宫有一条贯穿宫城南北的中轴线，在这条中轴线上，按照“前朝后寝”的古制，布置着帝王发施令，象征政权中心的三大殿(太和殿、中和殿、保和殿)和帝后居住的后三宫(乾清宫、交仄殿、坤宁宫)。在其内廷部分(乾清门以北)，左右各形成一条以太上皇居住的宫殿—宁春宫，和以太妃居住的宫殿—慈寿宫为中心的次要轴线。出于防御的需要，这些宫殿建筑的处围筑有高达10米的宫墙，四周有角楼，外有护城河。

故宫御花园，原名宫后苑，今俗称御花园，占地一万二千平方米。以钦安殿为中心，园林建筑采用主次相辅，左右对称的格局，布局紧凑，古典富丽。殿东北的堆秀山，为太湖石叠砌而成，上筑御景亭，每年重阳节帝后在北登高。

1987年故宫被联合国教科文组织，评定为“世界文化遗产”，是建筑艺术的经典之作。

朋友们，因为时间仓促，这次对故宫的介绍就到此结束。下次有机会再带大家详细的参观。谢谢合作!

Hello, everyone! Please allow me to express a warm welcom#e on behalf of Shenyang citizens. Im with great pleasure to be your tourist guide and from now on I will show you around Shenyang Imperial Palace, where the founder of Qing Dynasty Nuerhachi and his son Huangtaiji lived.

Shenyang Imperial Palace, Fuling tomb and Zhaoling Tomb made in the early period of Qing Dynasty are the three famous historical sites in Shenyang. Shenyang Imperial Palace with a history of over 360 years started in 1625 and was roughly accom#plished in 1636 during the reign of Nuerhachi and Huangtaiji. After them four emperors of Qing Dynasty had com#e back from Beijing to this palace for 10 times and enlarged its area and added its buildings. They were Emperor Kangxi, Qianlong, Jiaqing and Daoguang. Therefore, until 1783 the palace was finally finished. Shenyang Imperial Palace is one of the two royal palaces well kept in China. The other one is Forbidden City in Beijing. Shenyang Imperial Palace was entitled "Historic Culture Relics Preserved Buildings" in 1961 by the State Council. This palace is an emperor museum com#bining the architectural styles of the minorities of Man, Han and Mongolia. This palace covers an area of 60,000 square meters, com#prising over 20 courtyards, 300 houses and 70 buildings. The whole construction is divided into three sections: the east, middle and west.

First lets pay a visit to the buildings in the buildings in the middle section. The layout of middle section is similar to a Chinese com#pound with three courtyards. The first courtyard is the office area. It starts from the Grand Qing Gate on the south and ends at Holy Administration Hall. From Phoenix Tower to Purity and Tranquility Hall is the residential area. They all lay out on the same line. The main entrance to the palace is the Grand Qing Gate, also called Meridian Gate because the emperor considered himself as the son of Heaven and the palace should be the center of universe .The Grand Qing Gate was built in 1632 and is was the place where the civilian officials and military ministers to present themselves before the emperor daily .The special feature of the gate is the tile color. They are all yellow tiles but engraved with green borders. Yellow symbolizes the ground and the royal right while green represents sea and mountains. The com#bination of them means controlling the vast areas on the earth. The building to the east of Grand Qing Gate is called Ancestor Temple (Taimiao) with yellow tile roof, where Nuerhachis descendants offered sacrifices to their ancestors for blessings. So Ancestor Temple is the most important. Please follow me into the gate. This path in the middle links the gate to Holy Administration Hall with Flying Dragon Pavilion (Feilongge) and Flying Phoenix Pavilion (Xiangfengge) on each side. The Hall of Holy Administration is the main building in the middle part of the palace and it was the center of the military, administrative affairs in early Qing Dynasty and had witnessed many national ceremonies. Flying Dragon and Flying Phoenix Pavilions were for storing music instruments. Holy Administration Hall was Emperor Huangtaijis office. In front of the hall are Rigui and Jiangliang, which were used as measure instruments and supposed to be the symbol of unity. In accident construction, office area is usually in the front part and residential area is in the rear.

Since we have visited the place where the Emperors worked and now well pay a visit to the place where empress and concubines lived. Here is the Phoenix Tower. It served as an entrance to the rear chambers and also the entertainment area of Huangtaiji and his concubines, and some gatherings or banquets were held occasionally. The tower was built on a terrace 3.8 meters tall. It was the tallest building in Shenyang at that time .It is amazing watching sunrise in the morning on the tower and Phoenix Sunrise is one of the famous Eight fascinating Scenes in Shenyang. Look upward, we will see a board hanging up on Phoenix Tower ,on which Emperor Qianlong inscribed "Ziqidonglai", which meant the Qing Dynasty in Beijing immigrated from Shengjing, the old name for Shenyang to the east .There are 24staircases leading to Phoenix Tower representing 24 seasonal divisions points in Chinese lunar calendar.

Now notice the pole standing right in the middle of the courtyard. This red pole is called Suolun pole, or Holy Pole. Its round tin container near the top was filled with food for feeding crows. It was said that Nuerhachi was saved by crows. Crows are considered sacred in Manchurian culture though in Chinese culture crows are regarded as birds bringing bad luck. Emperor Huangtaiji had four concubines. Among the four concubines Chen was loved best by Huangtaiji and Concubine Zhuang was the wisest and the mother of the next emperor, Fulin. Therefore, she had a special status among the concubines. The only chimney was built on the rear of Purity and Tranquility hall from the ground with 11 layers, representing the 11 emperors from Emperor Huangtaiji to the last emperor Puyi. This chimney was the highest one at that time. In Chinese, the sound of chimney "tong" is the same as that of unity. To the north further is rear courtyard called Yuhua Garden. After visiting the middle section of the palace, we com#e to the eastern section. Its representative building is the Great Administration Hall, flanked by Ten Princes Pavilions. This part was built in 1625, and they were the earliest building in Shenyang Imperial Palace. Great Administration Hall is the place ceremonies and handled state affairs. Great Administration Hall was built with eight sides representing the style of military tent and also Eight Banner military system.

Now please look at the ten pavilions, five on each side, which were the offices of the com#manders at that time. Here I will give you an introduction to the military system of early Manchurian Period. Nuerhachi divided his troops in four parts and each part was identified by the color of its banner .There sere then four kinds of banner: red, blue, white and yellow banner. As the troops expanded quickly, another four parts were added and therefore another four kinds of banner were needed .By then there were altogether eight kinds of banner. This army was therefore well known for Eight Banner Army.

The last part of Shenyang Imperial Palace is the western section, built from 1782 to 1783 and during Emperor Qianlongs reign. Its main construction is Book Source Pavilion (Wensuge) with Theater Platform and Good Descendant-benefiting Hall (Jiayintang) in front, Prosperity Administration Study (Yangxizhai) and Nine Halls behind. Book Source Pavilion (wensuge) was specially designed for storing the encyclopedia com#piled at that time, Si Ku Quan Shu. This encyclopedia collected most of the books in Chinese history .Its com#plication started in 1773.This set of history books is com#posed of seven sections, more than 36,000 volumes. It took educated persons over 10 years to finish is. When finished, the whole encyclopedia was duplicated in seven pavilions across China. The other six copies were either damaged during wars or lost. This set is the only one well kept. But the real copy is no longer here and now is restored in the Palace Museum in Beijing and Gansu province library. We can see that Book Source Pavilion covered with black tiles. In Chinese philosophy, black refers water. The pavilion was built for storing books and its biggest threat was fire. So black tiles hinting water covering it on the top as a way of protection. Good Property Admiration Study was for Emperor reading while Descendant-benefiting Hall and the Theater Platform consisting of a courtyard for Emperor ,his empress and concubines watching plays. Shenyang Imperial Palace is one of the cultural relics in China and it is the symbol of this city. It is a good com#bination of different nationalities as well as a tourist attraction.

And now we have to end our visiting, I hope you all enjoy it and thank you for your cooperation, goodbye.

游客们，大家好！我们要游览的是闻名中外的古代建筑——故宫

故宫位于北京市中心，是世界上的五大宫之一，也称为“紫禁城。”这里本有过二十多位皇帝，第一位是明朝的朱棣皇帝，最后一位是溥仪皇帝。

故宫是中国最完整的古老建筑，有一条中轴，贯通着整个故宫，三大殿、后三宫、御花园都在这条中轴线上。三大殿分别是太和殿、中和殿和保和殿，它们位于故宫前方。

太和殿俗称金銮殿，面积约是2380多平方米，是故宫中面积最大的一座宫殿。太和殿的后面就是中和殿，中和殿高有29米，内部是一个正方形。保和殿位于太和殿与中和殿之后，保和殿高27米，内部是一个长方形，到乾隆时代后，这里就成为了一个考试的地区。

后三宫分别是乾清宫，交泰殿和坤宁宫。乾清宫是皇帝居住的地方，坤宁宫是皇后居住的地方。交泰殿并不是住的，它也是一座宫殿，只不过是和乾清之、坤宁宫在一起，所以被称为后三宫。

御花园很大，占地面积是120xx平方米，占了故宫的四分之一，它附近有慈宁宫花园，建福花园和宁寿花园。在这几座花园中，御花园是最大的。

故宫很美，但游人会把食物的包装袋或者其它垃圾随手扔到地上，使故宫的环境变差，我们应该要好好地保护这美丽的古代建筑。

Hello, dear visitors by I lead you to the Palace Museum in Beijing, my name is Kong Fanlu, hope I can bring you the best service. But now I want to bring some requirements: 1. To keep your valuables; 2. If you get lost, please dont hesitate to call me dont leave. 3. Be sure to protect the environment. Ok, finished my request, please consciously abide by, thank you for your cooperation!

First of all, I give you a brief introduction, the Palace Museum is located in the center of Beijing, used to be called the Forbidden City, is the imperial palace during the Ming and qing dynasties, the worlds largest and the most magnificent, most complete existing ancient palace. At least 580 years old. Large-scale palace, 753 meters wide from east to west, north and south 961 meters, the total area of 720xx0 square meters, a total of about ten thousand between the palace.

Dear visitors, now show in front of our eyes is the magnificence of the ancient palaces of the Forbidden City. You look at all sides is a wall, surrounded by tall gate, south is the meridian gate, north gate of creature, for DongHuaMen east, the west gate of Sherwood.

Now tell me, please go to the imperial palace the biggest palace in the taihe palace and have a look! This is the place where the emperor to hold, look over there, is in the middle of the white marble sculpture "dragon playing pearl", both sides is white marble steps; The steps on the left is a turtle, right is a crane, it is a symbol of longevity.

Ill give you introduce other house! Now we come to zhonghe palace, zhonghe palace is a place where king on his way to the hall of supreme harmony in learning etiquette and Baohe Palace? It is supported by many root red giant column, each post are engraved with a lifelike dragon, very spectacular, we take a look at the mandarin house!!!! He is the crown prince of DouShuChu in Ming dynasty. Gate of heavenly purity was the palace at at home and abroad, inside the parting of the delay, which is to the north.

Okay, end of the tour, I hope you again to watch the other scenery and wish you a happy!

Ladies and Gentlemen:

I am pleased to serve as your guide today。

This is the palace museum; also know as the Purple Forbidden City。 It is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence in China today。 Under Ming Emperor Yongle， construction began in 1406。 It took 14years to build the Forbidden City。 The first ruler who actually lived here was Ming Emperor Zhudi。 For five centuries thereafter， it continued to be the residence of23 successive emperors until 1911 when Qing Emperor Puyi was forced to abdicate the throne。 In 1987， the United Nations Educational， Scientific and Cultural Organization recognized the Forbidden City was a world cultural legacy。

It is believed that the Palace Museum， or Zi Jin Cheng (Purple Forbidden City)， got its name from astronomy folklore， The ancient astronomers divided the constellations into groups and centered them around the Ziwei Yuan (North Star) 。 The constellation containing the North Star was called the Constellation of Heavenly God and star itself was called the purple palace。 Because the emperor was supposedly the son of the heavenly gods， his central and dominant position would be further highlighted the use of the word purple in the name of his residence。 In folklore， the term “an eastern purple cloud is drifting” became a metaphor for auspicious events after a purple cloud was seen drifting eastward immediately before the arrival of an ancient philosopher， LaoZi， to the Hanghu Pass。 Here， purple is associated with auspicious developments。 The word jin (forbidden) is self-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-limits to ordinary people。

The red and yellow used on the palace walls and roofs are also symbolic。 Red represents happiness， good fortune and wealth。 Yellow is the color of the earth on the Loess Plateau， the original home of the Chinese people。 Yellow became an imperial color during the Tang dynasty， when only members of the royal family were allowed to wear it and use it in their architecture。

The Forbidden City is rectangular in shape。 It is 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meter wide from east west。 It has 9，900 rooms under a total roof area 150，000 square meters。 A 52-meter-wide-moat encircles a 9。 9-meter—high wall which encloses the complex。 Octagon —shaped turrets rest on the four corners of the wall。 There are four entrances into the city: the Meridian Gate to the south， the Shenwu Gate (Gate of Military Prowess) to the north， and the Xihua Gate (Gate of military Prowess) to the north， and the Xihua Gate (Western Flowery Gate ) to the west， the Donghua (Eastern Flowery Gate) to the east。

Manpower and materials throughout the country were used to build the Forbidden City。 A total of 230，000 artisans and one million laborers were employed。 Marble was quarried from fangshan Country Mount Pan in Jixian County in Hebei Province。 Granite was quarried in Quyang County in Hebei Province。 Paving blocks were fired in kilns in Suzhou in southern China。 Bricks and scarlet pigmentation used on the palatial walls came from linqing in Shandong Province。 Timber was cut， processed and hauled from the northwestern and southern regions。

Everybody is good! Welcome to the Palace Museum tourists sightseeing. Today, I will take you visit the Forbidden City, in the hope that visitors can enjoy me!!!!!!!

The tourists! The Palace Museum is in the Ming and qing dynasties imperial palace, the Forbidden City built on the basis of a collection of ancient buildings, collection, imperial palace culture art as one of the large-scale comprehensive museum. The Forbidden City covers an area of about more than 100 square meters, construction area of about 1 square meters. A total of 24 emperors lived in the Forbidden City, the first is the Ming dynasty yongle emperor zhu di, the last one is the qing dynasty xuantong emperor, puyi, ruled the country for 491 years. So the Palace Museum of history is very long!

Visitors, please look up, this is the meridian gate, in ancient times, what kill people to kill in front of the meridian gate! From the meridian gate, we can see the jinshui bridge. From the jinshui bridge in the past, a gate, can see the Palace Museum of taihe palace, zhonghe palace and Baohe Palace, is the place where the emperor emperor, very grand. Out of Baohe Palace, a gate of heavenly purity, came to the palace of heavenly purity, this temple and palace of earthly tranquility, legend built the Forbidden City, is in order to world peace, to take these three places? Kun ning door, is the imperial garden, the garden scenery beautiful, there are a number of strange stone, come across these stones, remember pictures to commemorate!

Before the gate is her virginity and creature door, our trip to the Forbidden City is over. Look at this magnificent palace, and some loathe to give up?

（东路）沿着后花园主路东行。从后门进入东路。在门前有一处影壁墙，又称照壁。个位仔细看墙上的图案。大家会发现上面所雕绘的图案为仙鹤，而非我们在电视中常见的北京故宫中的龙图案。这也是沈阳故宫与北京故宫的区别之四。步入沈阳故宫的东路。映入我们眼帘的是一座气势恢宏广场建筑群。其主要建筑有大正殿，十王亭，銮驾库，奏乐亭构成。我们先来看看广场正面的大正殿。远观大正殿形如一座亭子。他的建筑学名称是：八角重檐攒尖顶大木架结构建筑，清代俗称为“八角殿”。它既是整个宫殿群中最先完成的建筑，也是装饰艺术和使用制度方面最具特色者之一。殿顶最高处是五彩琉璃宝顶，由宝瓶、相轮、火焰宝珠等几个主要部分构成，并装饰着浮雕云龙，色彩斑斓，美丽吉祥，是吸收了佛塔塔刹的艺术特色而精心设计的。同样精彩的是。紧贴宝顶下部的八条垂脊上，各立有一个彩色琉璃烧制的胡人力士，深目高鼻、紧衣小帽，虽然姿态各异，但都好像是在用力牵引绳索加固宝顶，构思巧妙，仪态生动，十分精彩。大政殿的两层殿顶都用琉璃瓦覆盖，装饰在殿顶垂脊部位的行龙脊兽、檐下的斗拱彩画，也都以其富丽和别致的风格，烘托出这座大殿的庄严神圣。大政殿外观共有内外两圈三十二根红柱，最引人注目的是南侧殿门外两柱上的金龙，昂首探爪仿佛正欲争攫中间的火焰宝珠，形态栩栩如生，具有极强的装饰效果。在殿柱顶端的外侧，各有相貌威猛、非狮非牛的兽面。据说这是藏传佛教传说中的一种神兽，把它装饰在建筑上，既能带来吉祥又可体现统治者的威严。大政殿内檐柱间的八面，各装有六扇隔扇门而并无砖墙，门的上半部是“斧头眼”式的棂格，下部裙板中间则各镶有木雕的金漆团龙图案，更增添了殿体周围的美感。夏天时将门卸下形如凉亭，通风效果极佳。冬天时内生火盆市内温暖如夏。大政殿建筑在须弥座台基上。四面都设有石阶踏跺，正南殿门前的一组中间是石雕云龙陛路，是皇帝出入大殿的御路。这里的石雕栏板、望柱、抱鼓、石狮等，都带有明末清初东北地区民间的风格，朴实生动，清新自然，具有很高的艺术价值。大正殿共有八面，四处台基，寓意大金国四平八稳。

我们走上大正殿参观。大政殿内是不设天棚的“彻上露明造”装修。八根十余米高的彩绘金龙大柱直插殿顶。穹顶正中是圆形的木雕金漆降龙藻井，周围的天花彩画，靠里侧的是万福万寿万禄万喜八个篆书汉字图案。外侧的一圈则分为八组，每组由一个梵文字图案和四个龙凤图案构成。这些精美别致的天花装饰，既具有富贵祥和的气氛，又带有神圣的宗教色彩。与之相呼应的，还有殿内各个方向姿态各异的云龙和兽面、莲花、如意等木雕装饰，成为融合多民族艺术风格的壮美景观。在殿内挂有康熙皇帝手书的对联“神圣相承恍睹开国宏猷一心一德；子孙是守长怀绍庭永祚卜世卜年。”

大正殿在建成之初叫做“大衙门”。因为早期满语中并没有与“殿”相应的词，而是用从汉文中音译的“衙门”一词来形容它，所以把“大殿”称为“大衙门”。每天的皇帝地就在大正殿内处理政务。在大正殿的两侧分别排列有十座小亭。这就是有名的“大正殿十王亭”。大政殿和十王亭不仅体现了当时满族国家的政治特色，在建筑布局和风格上还具有浓厚的民族特色。史书中记载，努尔哈赤、皇太极率领八旗军队外出驻扎时搭设的蒙古包式帷幄，有时就是皇帝用大一些的“黄幄”，而八旗贝勒大臣们则分别用排列在其前两侧的八座“青幄”，大政殿和十王亭的排布、瓦色、造型都与之十分接近。因此，人们也把这“一殿十亭”叫做“帐殿式”布局，视为带有游牧狩猎民族特点的宫殿建筑的典范。

女士们、先生们:

今天，我带领大家去故宫参观游览。

故宫又称紫禁城，在北京城中心。

占面积72万多平方米，宫殿有楼阁9900余间。

是明、清两代皇帝的住所。

城四周各设一门，南面的正门是午门，北门叫神武门，东门叫东华门，西门叫西华门。

据说，造就故宫就召集了全国著名的工匠23万人左右，民夫100万人，由此可以知道故宫多少大，有多少壮观。

故宫整个院落分为两大部分，即“前朝”和“后寝”。

“前朝”是皇帝举行盛大典礼的地方，以太和殿、中和殿、保和殿及东西两侧的文华殿及武英殿为主。

“后寝”是皇帝及后妃、未成年的子嗣们居住的地方，主要以乾清宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫及东西六宫为主。

大家请看，这座建筑物就是午门，午门又称五凤楼。

明代，每年正月十五，午门都要悬挂灯赐食百官。

到了清代，这个活动就取消了，此外，国家凡有征战凯旋时，皇帝都要在此接受献俘典礼，皇帝亲征也从午门出驾。

关于戏曲舞台上“推出午门斩首”的说法，实际上是明代朝廷命官犯罪在午门廷杖，好，我们再往前走。

现在我们已来到了太和殿广常这是铜香炉，这里一共有18 个，代表清朝18个剩东西两侧各有一只铜制的仙鹤和龟，是代表长寿的象征。

看，现在展现在我们眼前的是太和殿，是整座紫禁城内级别最高的建筑，只有皇帝举行盛大典礼时才使用，象征皇权的至高无上，。

太和殿俗称金銮殿，太和殿正面有12根大柱，东西约63米，高35米。

整个大殿雕梁画栋，一条条巨龙蜿蜒盘旋在大红柱子上，这些龙姿态不一，刻画的栩栩如生。

整个宫殿也非常豪华富贵。

殿内有2米高的平台，上面雕刻着9条金龙的宝座。

后面有金漆围屏，前面有御案。

殿顶形式为最高等级的重檐庑殿顶，就连大殿正脊上的吻兽也是我国目前最大的，总之处处显示“第一”。

看完了太和殿，我们再来看中和殿。

大家请看!中和殿是皇帝在大典前等待吉时、稍事休息的地方。

下面，请大家跟我来一起参观当时的国宴厅--保和殿。

各位朋友，这座大殿是故宫前朝三大殿中的最后一座大殿，叫保和殿。

这座大殿被称为清代的国宴厅及科举考常

现在我们来到了乾清宫，这是皇帝在紫禁城中居住和处理日常政事的地方。

乾清宫分为中殿、东暖阁及西暖阁三个部分。

正殿是皇帝处理日常政务、临时按见大臣的地方，殿中设有皇帝宝座及御案，正中挂着一块“正大光明”匾，那是清朝皇帝的祖训，作为治国、修身、平天下的基本准则。

东、西暖阁是皇帝晚上住宿的地方。

现在请各位随我去参观交泰殿。

各位请看，这座四角攒尖顶的大殿叫交泰殿，这座建筑是明清两朝皇后过生日时举行寿庆活动的地方。

在大殿后墙匾额上有“无为”二字，那里是康熙皇帝的御笔，意思是希望后代能够以德制国，施以仁政，以图国家长治久安。

各位朋友，现在我们来到了紫禁城的后花园--御花园，这里是帝后们的休闲娱乐的场所。

大家可以在此拍照留念。

由于时间关系，我们就先讲到这里，下面给大家2小时自由参观的时间，请大家不要在墙上乱涂乱画，保护文化遗产，希望大家玩的愉快。

大家好，欢迎大家在今天下午参观我们中国最大的宫殿群——故宫。我叫何朝振，今天就有我陪您度过下午的美妙旅程。

故宫位于北京市中心，旧称紫禁城。是明、清两代的皇宫，无与伦比的古代建筑杰作，世界现存最大、最完整的古建筑群。被誉为世界五大宫之首。故宫始建于公元1406年，1420年基本竣工，是明朝皇帝朱棣始建。故宫南北长961米，东西宽753米，面积约为723,600平方米。建筑面积15.5万平方米。相传故宫一共有9999.5间，实际据1973年专家现场测量故宫有大小院落90多座，房屋有980座，共计8707间。宫城周围环绕着高12米，长3400米的宫墙，形式为一长方形城池，墙外有52米宽的护城河环绕，形成一个森严壁垒的城堡。故宫有4个门，正门名午门，东门名东华门，西门名西华门，北门名神武门。大家注意了，我们现在所处的就是故宫的最北边——神武门。走进神武门，穿过顺贞门，摆在我们面前的是一副很大的壁画，这就是由集福门、延和门、承光门围合的牌楼坊门，而它的后面，也就是南面，就是我们著名的御花园。明代永乐十五年(1417)始建，十八年建成，名为“宫后苑”。清雍正朝起，称“御花园”。位于紫禁城中轴线的北端。园墙内东西宽135米，南北深89米,占地12015平方米。园内建筑采取了中轴对称的布局。东西两路建筑基本对称，园内建筑多倚围墙，只以少数精美造型的亭台立于园中，空间舒广。

各位游客：

大家好!我是陈家烁，大家可以叫我陈导，也可以叫我小存。今天我领大家浏览的景点是北京故宫。现在，我为大家介绍一下北京故宫。

故宫位于北京市城区中心，是明、清两代的皇宫，是当今世界上现存规模最大，建筑最雄伟、保存最完整的古代皇家宫殿。故宫又叫紫禁城，它以园林景观和容纳了家具及工艺品9000个房间的庞大建筑群，成为明清时代中国文明无价的历史见证。

各位朋友，我们接着往前走。瞧!这就是故宫的正门——午门，象征着正午的太阳光芒四射。大家请看!我们面前的是五座用汉白玉修成的石桥，它们象征着仁、义、礼、智、信五德，是皇帝集美好品质为一身的意思。

好!大家请往这边走。你们知道这个金碧辉煌的宫殿叫什么名字吗?答对了，这个宫殿就叫太和殿，这座大殿和其它建筑不同哦，太和殿是整座故宫里级别最高的建筑，它只有在皇帝举行盛大典礼时才使用。因此，大家进入时要注意，不能踩门坎，男士左脚跨过，女士右脚跨过，进来的游客请继续听我讲解。太和殿高35米，东西长64米，总面积有2377平方米，有40多个教室那么大。大家请往上看，殿顶形式是最高等级的重檐庑殿顶，装饰用的彩绘为最高等级的金龙和凤凰，就连大殿正脊上的吻兽也是我国目前最大的。大家可以环顾一下四周，太和殿里的每样物品几乎都是“第一”。

游完了太和殿，我再带大家去参观保和殿。

这座保和殿是清代的国宴厅及科举考场。自从乾隆皇帝上任之后，这里便成为每四年一次的皇家科举考场。大家都知道，乾隆身边有一位大臣叫刘镛，他就是在这个保和殿考上状元呢!

故宫的浏览就到这里，大家对我的工作还满意吗?如果大家对我有什么建议的话，可以提出来，我会努力改进的。再见!

紫禁城是皇帝的住所，所以又名皇家的宫殿。在封建社会，皇帝的住所是禁止普通人进入的，故名紫禁城。

故宫为长方形，面积为72公顷，52米宽的护城河和10米高的城墙环绕着，四个角各有一个角楼，在古代为重兵所把守。

故宫始建于明朝初年，也就是1420xx年。当时建成故宫后，明朝的首都马上就从南京移动到了北京。从明朝初年到清朝末年，一共有24位皇帝住在这里，其中14个在明朝，10个在清朝。在620xx年的时光中，故宫见证了许多的变化在明清时期。1911革命之后，清朝被推翻，末代皇帝浦仪也被赶出了故宫。1920xx年，故宫作为博物馆向公众开放，后来被称为故宫博物馆。

午门是故宫的正门，在中国古代时期，一般的建筑正门都是南门，午门是专门为皇帝通过的门，主要用于皇帝去天坛祭天等。午门的命名是皇帝认为它的宫殿建在子午线上，是宇宙的中心。门前的小广场是皇帝颁布新年历法的地方在每年的十月初一，当将军从战场回来时候，献俘大典也在这里举行。

走进午门就进入了故宫，故宫是世界上最大的皇家宫殿建筑群。据民间的传说，故宫有9999.5间房子，它分为外朝和内廷两大部分，外朝为政务区，内廷为皇帝的生活区。太和门是外朝的入口，门前内金水河流过，它的主要功能是防火，而五座石桥跨于内金水河之上，代表着孔子所提倡的五德：仁、义、礼、智、信。孔子就是中国最著名的哲学家，生于春秋时期，也就是公元前7世纪。五座石桥中，中间的是皇帝专用的。它的栏杆雕刻是龙，而其他的石桥的栏杆雕刻是荷花。龙是一种想象中的动物，说到龙这个词，中国人马上就可以想到一个巨大的牛头，鹿角，虾眼，鹰爪，蛇身和狮尾，整个身子被鱼鳞覆盖的动物。在中国的传统中，龙被认为是权力的象征，凤凰被认为是幸运的象征。在封建社会，皇帝就是龙的化身，而皇后则是凤凰的化身。因为龙生活在水中，龙可以控制水，所以在中国有水的地方，人们都会修建一座龙王庙来祈求平安。在故宫中你可以看到数百万只龙，它们分布在彩绘、雕刻、服装、装饰中，你可以自己去寻找它们在故宫内。

进了太和门，这里可以看到游览图，在古代中国，所有的建筑都有中轴线，最好最重要的建筑都是沿着中轴线而建的。今天我们的主要游览也是沿着中轴线来参观的，我们将参观皇帝的典礼所、办公室、卧室和花园等。

穿过太和门，你将看到中国最大的宫殿，它叫太和殿，它是用来举行大的仪式的地方。例如，皇帝生日、皇帝大婚，战争胜利，召见外国使节等。当仪式开始后，所有的文武百官都要跪在地上扮演三拜九叩。

另外，你可以看到屋顶的琉璃瓦都是黄颜色的，在中国，屋顶的颜色有三个等级，最高的为蓝色，象征蓝天，只有在天坛才可以看到；第二等是黄色，象征皇帝，这可以在一些皇家建筑中看到，比如故宫或明陵等；第三等是绿色，象征大臣，是大臣家允许用的颜色。而普通人家的屋顶只允许用灰色瓦，如果使用其他颜色，就是犯罪，会被杀死的。

在太和殿下面的石台基，我们把它叫做须弥山。这名字来源于佛教，在佛经里说，须弥山是宇宙最高的山。所以这里叫须弥山是为了说明上面的太和殿的至高无上的地位。在台基上拜摆放的是香炉，当大典开始时候，会烧一些松柏，制造出烟雾，下面的人看到太和殿在云雾之中，好象天上的宫殿，给人以庄严的感觉。

在台基上可以看到东边摆着的是日晷，西边的是嘉粮，它们放 这里是象征着皇帝的公正与无私。铜龟和铜鹤象征着长寿，它们实际上也是香炉。

大殿就是太和殿，为木结构建筑，所有的木材都是运自于西南中国的，所有的柱子都是单根的木头。你可以去看看大殿内的布局和摆设，在正中央有个木台子，上面是龙椅，后面有屏风，前面几个是景泰蓝的香炉，地上铺着一张有龙图案的真丝地毯。门口那里很拥挤，我会在铜龟那里等你们。

由于故宫大多数建筑都是木结构的，很容易着火，因此，故宫内有很多大缸，功能是储水防火，其中有18个为镏金的，但在1860年英法联军侵入北京，他们在故宫里抢走了很多的珍宝，最后士兵发现了这水缸上的金子，他们用刺刀把缸表面的金子全部刮掉了，现在你还可以看到刺刀留下的痕迹。

中和殿的作用是作为休息室。当皇帝举行大典之前，皇帝要在这里休息。在皇帝去天坛祭祀天神之前，他要在这里读祭祀的文章。里面的摆设和前面差不多，也都是龙椅、香炉和地毯等。

在古代，保和殿就是人民大会堂的宴会厅，在每年春节的时候，皇帝要在这里举行宴会，宴请蒙古王公和外国使节。在清朝，保和殿也作为皇家考试的场所。在封建社会里，国家的考试分为四等，童试、乡试、会试和殿试。殿试是当时等级最高的考试，当通过了这种考试，你就可以成为大官了。

在保和殿的后面有一块石雕，长16米，宽3米，雕有云和龙，是故宫内最大的单块石雕。

下面我要带你去参观皇帝的卧室，外红墙的外面有两个长方形的房子，在古代，这里是军事大臣商议军务的地方，现在呢，西边这个是纪念品商店，而东边那个是星巴克咖啡。

皇帝的卧室叫做养心殿，在门口你会看到一件玉雕，这是由一整块玉雕刻而成的，外面罩有一个非常精致的龙雕刻的青铜罩，玉是方形的，中间有一个圆孔。在古代中国的意识里，天空是圆形的，而地是方形的。这个东西摆在这里是根据中国的泥土占卜学而定的，而且玉是自古的权力象征，可以辟邪，我们中国把这种学问叫做风水学。另外，比如我们要建房子、陵墓等建筑前，都要请一个风水家来看看这块土地是否可以来建设，如果不好的话，那么还要重新选择。即使房子建成了还要请风水家来看，哪里位置不吉利还要再摆放一些东西以辟邪，玉器是最常用的东西，因为它本身具有磁场，可以转变人的运气。养心殿这个小院子，在故宫中不是最大的，但却是最有名的，因为这里集中了皇帝的办公室、卧室和皇后的卧室等。左边的房子四皇帝和军事大臣商议军务大事的地方，你也知道，军务对一个国家来讲非常重要，所以在窗外有特别建设了一道墙来防止外人的偷听。里面那间房子是皇帝专门收藏书法作品的地方，因为中国的书法是一门艺术，古代中国的一些书法家留下的书法非常珍贵，一个字超过百万美圆。不知道你对中国的电影有多少了解，可能你会看过末代皇帝、卧虎藏龙、英雄等影片，还有一部中国电影同样非常有名，叫做垂帘听政。电影讲述了在清朝末年的一个非常有权力的女人，叫慈禧太后，她控制着儿童皇帝，处理国家的事务，电影里描述的这些事件就发生在东房间。这里有一丝帘子，帘子后是一张大椅子，为慈禧太后的座位，前面的小椅子是儿童皇帝坐的地方。看起来是皇帝上朝，实际上，真正的权力是在帘子的后面。

后院是皇帝和皇后居住的地方。院子中央放着一块水晶，象征洁白无暇。在里院是皇帝的卧室，而外院的这排房子是皇后的卧室，屋内的摆设维持原来的模样，你可以看到当时皇帝的喜好，包括钟表、玉雕、丝绸、金银器、珍珠等，有一种蓝色的工艺品叫景泰蓝，是北京的独有的手工艺品，过去仅仅为皇家专用。院子东边有一排房子，我们把它叫做等候室，在古代，每天晚上会在这里有五个妃子等候皇帝的挑选，每个房子里有一个。为了安全问题，所有的妃子都不许穿衣服，全身赤裸，然后用一条丝毯裹着被送到这里。到傍晚时，皇帝会慢慢走过这条走廊，看见哪个妃子满意就在窗前放一个玉雕，那么当天晚上这个妃子就可以跟着皇帝就寝了。在明清时期，皇帝只有一个皇后，但却有很多妃子，数量最大的时候超过了三千人。她们通常用耳朵上的珍珠来区分大小，最大的珍珠我们叫做珠王，是专门供皇后佩带的。

参观完养心殿后，我们就要去故宫的最后一个景点御花园了。这个花园规模比较小，皇帝每天都有大量的日常事务需要处理，非常繁忙。如果他有一天的自由活动时间，他会去颐和园度假；如果他有半天的时间，他会去北海或者景山散步；如果他仅仅有两个小时的空闲时间的话，他就只能这里活动了，一般就是和妃子聊天、下棋等。这里有许多的山石，都是人工的。这种奇怪的树我们叫它龙爪槐，是中国特有的品种。另外有一些古树，年龄都超过了520xx年。

好了，我们要走出故宫了，出去的时候记住留神那些私人商贩，我们要走大约5分钟到达停车区域，跟我来。

各位游客：

大家好!

我是快旅游社的导游，我姓陈，大家叫我小陈好了，当然也可以叫我陈导。在接下来的几天中，我将陪伴大家一起游览北京的名胜风景区。希望通过我的讲解，能够使您对北京故宫有个美好的印象，同时也希望您能对我的工作提出宝贵的意见。好，我们就开始今天的游览行程。

今天我们要参观的故宫，非常雄伟。它占地72万平方米，其中建筑面积为16.5万平方米，南北长961米，东西宽753米，周围有10米高的城墙围绕。还有穿52米的护城河，在四角都建有一座精美的角楼。根据1973年的统计，故宫有大小院落90多座，房屋有980座，共计8704间。按照这种布局建筑而成的故宫就是明清两代24位皇帝的皇宫，其中明朝有14位，清朝有10位，统治时间共长达五个世纪。

好了，现在大家自己慢慢游玩!注意，大家在游览时不要乱丢瓜果皮。祝大家玩得愉快。

各位游客您们好，这次由我带领大家去北京故宫，您们可以叫我孔导，希望我能带给大家最好的服务。

不过现在我要提几点要求：1。要保管好自己的贵重物品;2。如果迷路，请马上给我打电话不要离开;3。一定要保护环境。好了，我的要求提完了，请大家自觉遵守!

首先我给大家做一简要介绍，故宫位于北京中心，旧称紫禁城，是明、清两代的皇宫，是当今世界现存规模最大、最雄伟、保存最完整的古代宫殿。至少已有近580年历史了。故宫规模宏大，东西宽为753米，南北长达961米，总占地面积达72万平方米，大约一共有一万间宫室。

各位游客，现在展现在我们眼前的就是气势雄伟的古代宫殿故宫。大家看着四面就是宫墙，四周都是高大的城门，南为午门，北为神武门，东为东华门，西为西华门。

现在请大家跟我一起去故宫中最大的宫殿太和殿看看吧!这里是皇帝上朝的地方，再看那边，中间的是汉白玉雕刻的“双龙戏珠”，两边是汉白玉台阶;台阶的左边是一只乌龟，右边是一只仙鹤，这象征着延年益寿。

我再给大家介绍介绍其他殿吧!现在我们来到了中和殿，中和殿是为帝王去太和殿途中学礼仪之地，保和殿呢?它是由多根红色巨柱支撑着，每根柱上都刻着一条栩栩如生的巨龙，十分壮观，我们再来看看文华殿吧!他是明代皇太子的读书处。乾清门是故宫中外朝和内延的分界处，由此向北就是延。

好了，这次游览结束，祝大家玩的愉快!

故宫导游词

大家好，我叫吴文倩，大家叫我吴导吧!此刻我们要游览举世无双的北京故宫。

你们看，我们来到了雄伟的故宫，故宫又称紫禁城，是明清两代的皇宫;故宫是世界上规模最大最完整的古代木结构建筑群，为我们国家最大的古建筑群。它使建于明永乐(公元1406年)，14年才完工呢，有24位皇帝在此登基。“好了，我们此刻准备去大殿里，请游客朋友们跟上队伍，千万别掉队，否则走丢了，就找不到我们了!”好，此刻跟随我进入大殿，故宫有三座大殿：太和殿，中和殿和保和殿。大殿建在汉白玉砌成的8米高的台基上，远望犹如神话的琼宫仙阙。太和殿是最富丽堂皇的建筑，俗称“金銮殿”，是皇上举行大典的地方，这座殿高28米，东西63米，西北35米，有直径达1米的大柱92根，其中6根围绕御座的沥粉金漆的潘龙柱。御座设在殿内高2米的台上，前有造型，美观的仙鹤，炉，鼎，后面精雕细刻的围屏。整个大殿装饰得金碧辉煌，庄严绚丽。中和殿是皇上去太和殿举行大典前稍事休息和演习礼仪的地方，保和殿是每年除夕皇帝赐宴外潘王公的场所。游客朋友们先休息一下，观赏下这三个大殿，能够摸一摸，等下我们去内延，以乾清宫，交泰殿，坤宁宫为中心，东西两翼有东六宫和西六宫，是皇上平日办事和妃子居住的地方。“好，这天的活动到此结束!祝大家玩得开心”

各位游客，大家好!我是马桶旅游社的著名导游——刷子，大家可以叫我刷导。今天，我们要游览的文化遗产地是北京故宫风景名胜区。

请大家听我说，北京故宫位于北京市区中心，旧称紫禁城，是明，清两代的皇宫，是当今世界上规模最大，建筑最雄伟且保存最完整的古代宫殿和建筑群。曾有24位皇帝在此登基，执掌朝政。请大家细细游赏，我们在太和殿集合。

接下来，我要介绍这个非常有名得太和殿，俗称金銮殿，他是故宫内最大的宫殿建筑物，是明，清皇帝召见文武百官，发号施令，举行庆典的地方。

另外，在游览时要注意不要乱丢垃圾，乱涂乱画，还要注意安全。。。。。。最后，祝你们旅途愉快，我们11点在原地集合。

Hello, everyone. Today we come to the famous world heritage is one of the imperial palace, it in landscape and contains 9000 rooms of furniture and handicraft product of large buildings, become Chinas Ming and qing dynasties era civilization priceless historical testimony.

First came to the hall of supreme harmony. The hall of supreme harmony commonly known as during which, in the center of the Forbidden City, is one of the three main halls of the imperial palace. The temple with gold QiMuZhu and delicate panlong sunk panel, "legitimate" plaque hanging on the end, words about heir to die before they slip into tablets. The middle is the symbol of the feudal imperial power, golden dragon throne carved lacquerware. The hall of supreme harmony Huang Wa eastward, glittering in the sun, is the imperial palace is one of the most spectacular architecture.

After visiting the hall of supreme harmony, came to zhonghe palace. Zhonghe palace is one of the three main halls of the imperial palace, located in the hall of supreme harmony. Flat square, yellow glazed tile, the corners of saving pointed to the middle gold-plated treasure of a roof. Form, an architectural.

Baohe Palace is one of the three main halls of the imperial palace, and behind the house. Flat rectangle, architectural decoration and coloured drawing or pattern is very fine.

Palace of heavenly purity the front Chambers in the Palace Museum. Once upon a time for the emperor kangxi to live here and handle affairs, after the qing yongzheng emperor had moved to yangxin dian, but still played in the reviews, appointed officials and summoned liegeman.

Look, this temple in the palace of heavenly purity and palace of earthly tranquility, intercourse and well-being happiness of heaven and earth. It was built in the Ming dynasty, is a pavilion in the four corners, gold-plated treasure top, longfeng grain square house. Ming and qing, the temple is the place where birthdays activities held by the queens birthday. Palace of earthly tranquility in the Forbidden City the most behind "Chambers". When Ming dynasty for the queens house. In the qing dynasty to the god. Its Middle East NuanGe wedding bridal chamber, for an emperor kangxi, managment, three emperor, were held in the wedding.

Again came to the echo wall, it is the peak of Chinese wooden structure, with only a wooden tenon knot, should support, full use wood had completed a stunning masterpiece. Another beautiful place, the temple of heaven is the echo of the wonderful. Stand in the center of the circular mound altar altar call a sound, you will hear from the depths of the formation of bright and dark echoes, the sound as if from the center of the earth, and seems to have come from the sky, so people for it took a full of mysterious name: "heavenly heart stone". The dome in emperor yu was surrounded by a thick about 0. 9 meters fence, you stood whispering the wall at one end, on the other side of the people as long as abnormal ears stick metope can hear clear, and there is a stereo effect, this is the "echo chamber", it can prove that, 500 years ago, the Chinese have been able to use acoustic principle.

The palace is a huge complex, I said also said not over, will please you go touring.

沈阳故宫是清代的开创者努尔哈赤和皇太极建造使用的宫殿，始建于1620xx年，其占地面积为6.7万平方米，共有建筑100余座500余间。坐落在沈阳古城中心的沈阳故宫占地6万多平方米，宫内建筑物保存完好，是我国仅存的两大宫殿建筑群之一。它的规模比占地72万平方米的北京故宫要小得多，但是，它在建筑上有自己的特色，现在是沈阳重要的游览点。沈阳故宫始建于后金天命十年(1625)，历时20xx年，至清崇德元年(1636)基本建成。

沈阳故宫大政殿

大政殿是一座八角重檐亭式建筑，俗称八角殿。始建于1620xx年，是清太祖努尔哈赤营建的重要宫殿，是盛京皇宫内最庄严最神圣的地方。初称大衙门，1636定名笃恭殿，后改大政殿。八角重檐攒尖式，八面出廊，其下为须弥座台基。殿顶满铺黄琉璃瓦，镶绿剪边，正中相轮火焰珠顶，宝顶周围有八条铁链各与力士相连。

沈阳故宫崇政殿

崇政殿在中路前院正中，俗称“金銮殿”，是沈阳故宫最重要的建筑。整座大殿全是木结构，面阔五间进深三间。前后出廊硬山式，辟有隔扇门，前后出廊，围以石雕的栏杆。殿顶铺黄琉璃瓦，镶绿剪边，正脊饰五彩琉璃龙纹及火焰珠。殿身的廊柱是方形的，望柱下有吐水的螭首，顶盖黄琉璃瓦镶绿剪边。

各位游客：

大家好。

今天我们游览的是沈阳故宫。大家都知道沈阳是“一朝的发祥地，两代帝王都”满韵清风，历史气息浓郁。沈阳著名的建筑有“一宫两陵”而这一宫就是我们面前的这座雄伟建筑——沈阳故宫。

沈阳故宫初建时叫“盛京宫阙”，清迁都北京后又称“陪都宫殿”、“留都宫殿”，并被誉为“国初圣迹”。它始建于1625年（后金天命十年）建成于1636年（清崇德元年），是清太祖努尔哈赤和清太宗皇太极营造和使用的宫殿，1643年清世祖福临当年也是在这里即位称帝，改元“顺治”。所以沈阳也可以说是“一朝发祥地，三代帝王都”。

沈阳故宫占地面积6万多平方米，全部建筑100余所，500多间，按其布局可分为东路、中路和西路三部分。东路就是我们面前所看到的这部分建筑，它是努尔哈赤时期所建，具有浓郁的满族特色。东路的建筑主要包括大政殿和十王亭，大家看到广场中间的那个八角殿就是大政殿，大政殿又叫“大衙门”、“笃恭殿”，是努尔哈赤听政办公的地方。大政殿外高18米，下有1.5米高须弥座式台基，周围绕以雕刻精美的青石围栏。是一座八角重檐攒尖顶亭子式建筑，殿顶是黄琉璃瓦镶绿剪边，正中为宝瓶火焰珠攒尖顶，（宝瓶为佛教法器，被视为神圣之物，火焰珠为如意珠，据说得此珠者可以满足各种欲望。）重檐上下各有八条五彩琉璃垂脊，垂脊上各站着一个蒙古力士，面侧对宝顶，腿略弯曲，侧身牵引，象征着“八方归一”。两旁分列的10个亭子就是十王亭，从整体建筑布局上看，大正殿居中。两旁分列10个亭子，从北向南，呈八字形展开，在视觉上使大正殿更为深远，这种空间处理方式在中国宫殿建筑中仅此一例。十王亭又称“八旗亭”，有的游客可能会想八旗亭（东边为左翼王亭、镶黄旗亭、正白旗亭、镶白旗亭、正蓝旗亭。西边为右翼王婷、正黄旗亭、正红旗亭、镶红旗亭、镶蓝旗亭）该有八个亭子，那另外两个是什么亭子呢？在临近大正殿的左右两端的亭子分别是左翼王亭和右翼王亭，是左右两翼王爷办公的地方，八旗亭是八旗旗主办公的地方。这种把汗王听证的大殿与八旗王公大臣候朝议事的亭子建在一起的格局，正是努尔哈赤崛起之初实行军政合一的八旗制度所决定的。反映了努尔哈赤晚年一汗独尊，八和硕贝勒共治国政的历史风貌。

大家往西走来到的就是沈阳故宫的中路，中路的建筑主要是皇太极时期所建，在这里上演了很多的历史故事。沈阳故宫中路建筑自成体系，共有三进院落。由南向北依次是大清门、崇政殿、凤凰楼、清宁宫，他们都排列在一条中轴线上，两侧还有一些对称式的附属建筑。

大清门就是沈阳故宫的正门，俗称午门，我们刚刚就是从那进到故宫里面的，（大清门为五间硬山式建筑），在当时大清门是不可以像现在一样随便进出的。大清门不仅是当时文武群臣候朝的地方。也是皇太极接受群臣谢恩之处。当年，明朝著名将领洪承畴、祖大寿等降清后，就是跪在大清门前谢罪请降，候旨传召，受到皇太极的接见的。而当官员升迁或是获罪恩免时也都要在这里遥向北门“崇政殿”叩谢天恩。

大家看我们面前的这座庄严的大殿就是崇政殿，崇政殿原名“正殿”，俗称“金銮殿”，是皇太极日常处理军政要务、接见外国使臣和边疆少数民族代表的地方。崇政殿为五间九凛硬山式建筑，最引人注目的地方是殿顶的黄琉璃瓦绿剪边，墀头、搏风、鸱吻、山顶、殿脊的五彩琉璃构件，以及浮雕的各色行龙和奇花瑞兽，使得整个大殿更显高贵、肃穆，非常壮观。崇政殿另一个匠心之处就是前后的2根外檐柱上端的抱头梁部位做成龙形，龙首从柱头探出，龙身则穿过廊间直通殿内，两两相对，姿态生动，仿佛群龙从大殿飞腾而出，具有结构和装饰双重功能，设计的十分巧妙。

绕过崇政殿我们看到的这座高大建筑就是凤凰楼，凤凰楼的前庭处于“前朝后寝”的中间，是一个过渡性的院落，凤凰楼建在3.8米高的青砖台基上，台基共有24个台阶象征着24节气，每过24节气即过一年，皇帝每天都踩着这24节台基，寓意着大清的江山能历经千秋万代，凤凰楼是一座三层歇山式建筑，全高18.31米，原名叫“凤翔楼”，是皇太极休息、宴会和读书之所。1743年（乾隆八年）改成今名，凤凰楼正门上方悬挂的“紫气东来”金字横匾，是乾隆皇帝御笔，意思是大清朝国力强盛的福气是从东方的盛京来的，表达了清代帝王对祖先创业之地的顶礼膜拜。凤凰楼既是后宫的大门，又是当时盛京城的最高建筑，所以有“凤楼晓月”、“凤楼观塔”的传称，并被列为盛京八景之一。

穿过凤凰楼，我们现在所处的就是皇太极的后宫，是皇太极和后妃们的住所，后宫的整体建筑都高于前朝的宫殿，这种“宫高殿低”的特色反映了满族的则高而居的传统生活习惯。

对于后宫的特色建筑流行这样一句话：口袋房，万字炕，烟囱落在地面上。什么是口袋房呢？大家看我们面前的这座五间硬山前后廊式建筑就是清宁宫，大家看清宁宫一共有五间，而门并不是开在中间一间，而是设在东二间的南面，形如口袋。清宁宫原叫“正宫”，是沈阳故宫中最具满族住宅特色的建筑东一间是皇太极和孝端文皇后（博尔济吉特氏）的寝宫，（称暖阁）1643年（崇德八年）皇太极就端坐在南炕无疾而终。后葬于昭陵。万字炕又是怎么一回事呢？大家看清宁宫的西三间通连，北、西、南三面搭成相连的环炕，形如“万”字，所以人们就俗称为“万字炕”，那“烟囱落在地面上”又是怎么一回事呢？清宁宫的烟囱在清宁宫的后面，是从地面上垒起的，略低于房脊，一会我们可以绕过去看看。在当时是有这样一种禁令，所有百姓家的烟囱是不允许高过皇宫的烟囱的，寓意着大清王朝“一统天下”，

清宁宫两侧的东西配宫，（东配宫有关雎宫、衍庆宫，西配宫有麟趾宫和永福宫）是妃子们所居住的地方，其中最为著名的是庄妃居住的永福宫，因为1638年（崇德三年）清世祖福临就出生在永福宫。

（刚刚有游客问清宁宫庭院正门的南端的那根很高杆子是干什么的，那是索伦杆，满族人称它为“神杆”是满族人用来祭天的。祭天时在顶端的锡斗里放上五谷杂粮和猪的杂碎，已敬乌鸦，这反映了满族萨满教的灵禽崇拜观念，据说也和乌鸦救主的传说相关。）

接下来我们来到的是沈阳故宫西路，西路建筑是为了适应皇帝东巡的需求而增建的，建于乾隆年间，主要建筑有文溯阁，戏台、嘉荫堂和仰熙斋等，套院相接，多尔不乱，是文化气息较浓之处。

文溯阁建于1781年（乾隆46年）至1783年（乾隆48年），为西路建筑中的主体建筑，是仿照明代浙江宁波的大藏书家范钦的“天一阁”修建的，专门收藏乾隆时期编撰的大型图书《四库全书》，也是全国存放《四库全书》的著名七阁之一，阁名是乾隆帝钦定的，因其位于祖宗的发祥地“盛京”，所以取之“溯源求本”之意命名“文溯阁”。（《四库全书》分经、史、子、集四大部分，结构严谨，是我国古代文献中的珍贵遗产，对于弘扬和传播民族文化具有重要意义。）《四库全书》共撰写七部，其中一部就藏在文溯阁，1966年10月，基于战备考虑，辽宁省将《四库全书》秘密运至兰州，后移交到甘肃省图书馆。

文溯阁是硬山式建筑，面阔6间，外面看是重檐2层，在里面看则是3层，带有明显的江南建筑风格样式。与沈阳故宫其他建筑不同，文溯阁顶盖上用的是黑琉璃瓦绿剪边，这在沈阳故宫建筑中是独一无二的。根据五行八卦之说，黑是代表水，书最忌火，以黑瓦为顶象征以水克火之意。

文溯阁东方有方形碑亭一座，内立石碑一块。正面刻有乾隆帝撰写的《御制文溯阁碑记》，背面刻有乾隆撰写的《宋孝宗论》。碑文详细记录了建阁经过和《四库全书》的收藏情况。

文溯阁后为养媳在，是皇帝读书之所，阁前宫门外有嘉荫堂，左右有出廊，南面还有戏台，是乾隆、嘉庆时期皇帝东巡赏戏的场所。

各位游客朋友们，我的讲解到此结束，接下来大家可以自由活动，但是请大家一定要注意人身及财物安全，请大家谨记我们的集合时间和地点，谢谢大家！

故宫占地72万平方米，屋宇9999间半，建筑面积15。5万平方米为一长方形城池，四角矗立、风格绮丽的角楼，墙外有宽52米的护城河环绕，形成一个森严壁垒的城堡。建筑气势雄伟、豪华壮丽，是中国古代建筑艺术的精华。”

一进故宫有四个大门，正门名为午门。午门后有五座精巧的汉白玉拱桥通往太和门。东门名东华门，西门名西华门，北门名神武门。

我调查了故宫的全景图，发现故宫宫殿的建筑布局有外朝、内廷之分。内廷与外朝的建筑气氛迥然不同。外朝以太和、中和、保和三大殿为中心，是封建皇帝行使权力、举行盛典的地方。内廷以乾清宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫为中心，是封建帝王与后妃居住之所。此外还有文华殿、武英殿、御花园等。

太和殿俗称金銮殿，在故宫的中心部位，是故宫三大殿之一。建在高约5米高的汉白玉台基上。

保和殿也是故宫三大殿之一，在中和殿后。

乾清宫在故宫内庭最前面。清康熙前此处为皇帝居住和处理政务之处。清雍正后皇帝移居养心殿，但仍在此批阅奏报，选派官吏和召见臣下。

交泰殿在乾清宫和坤宁宫之间，含天地交合、安康美满之意。

故宫面积72万平方米，共有各式宫室8千余间，是世界上规模最大、保存最完整的宫殿建筑群。明清两代先后有24位皇帝居住在这里。1920xx年北京政变后，被废黜的清末代皇帝溥仪出宫，1920xx年成立了故宫博物院。解放后，故宫进行了大规模的修缮，成为我国最大的国家博物馆。

今天，我参观了故宫。我了解了祖国的文化，了解了历史。今我还要了解，了解一切一切。只有这样，我才能了解中国，长大为我的祖国做出最大的贡献!!