长城导游词英语简短(经典20篇)

Peach Blossom Land, from the great poet Tao Yuanmings Peach Blossom Land.I really yearn there, yearn for such a paradise, I have been looking for

That day, when my companion and I were searching in the vast sea, wesuddenly saw an island full of peach blossoms. The pink petals decorated thetrees like little girls. We were very excited. So we rowed along the directionof the island

We walked around the island for almost a circle. Finally, I found a placethat seemed to be an entrance and exit. There was a door here, which was made ofwood. The words on it were so complicated that we couldnt understand it at all.Further on, we saw a row of long avenue, and then we heard the sound of water,What a clear voice! Then, we followed the sound of the water and saw a streamflowing quietly. In the clear water, there were still small fish. It can be seenthat this disease is not an uninhabited "uninhabited island". It should be apeaceful place. People are living a fairy like life, There may be many oldpeople who live a long life here!

Walking down the stream, we saw a beautiful terrace. We only saw it inpictures and on TV before. I didnt expect that I could see this beautiful andpeaceful scene here. At the beginning, the big trees that I saw from the outsidesurrounded it like a wall, and it became a place isolated from the world, In thelower reaches of the stream, there are beautiful girls washing clothes here.They are beating clothes with washing sticks and splashing each other likechildren. How happy. How happy!

People here dress very simply, without the gorgeous and prosperous feelingin metropolis, which makes people feel very comfortable. Especially when theyare far away from the noisy city, they make people look more simple and kind. Onthe grassland not far away, there are sheep grazing peacefully, shepherd boysplaying with sheep dogs, and the sound of laughter and bleating of lambs combineto form a symphony of nature, Beautiful and beautiful

Echoes in the clear blue sky

As we walked, we came to a wooden house,

There is no door. A kind-hearted uncle with a smile on his face saw us. Hecame slowly to us and asked about our origin. Then he warmly welcomed us. Whenhe entered the room, the table, chair and even the bed were all made of wood andcarved with exquisite carvings. Uncle made us a delicious meal, Let us forgetthe tiredness of the journey in a moment. After we had a rest, we asked my uncleto show us around here. My uncle happily agreed. We sat in the carriage whichonly can be seen on TV, enjoying the "hospitality" of nature. There were manycolorful flowers on the roadside, From time to time, there are colorfulbutterflies stopping on it. Uncle took us to a pool of spring water, where thewater is surging up actively. Uncle told us that this is the water resourcesthey rely on for their survival, and every day people come here to pick up waterwith bobbins. I cant help but get together and take a taste of it, which makesme feel sweet

I took out a few bottles from my backpack and wanted to take them home tomy family and friends. They cant drink them in high-tech cities. Then there areterraces here, because its on an island. Its not easy to have such neat andbeautiful terraces. Standing on the terraces, the wind blows by, Im afraid Iwont be able to sail back today. My uncle seems to see our worries and warmlyinvites us to stay in his house. I suddenly find that the night scene here isalso very beautiful. I think of the flashing neon lights in the city and thenoise of the roadside night stalls. Its really different from here. There areonly some scattered lights in the distance, The next day, I found that we lazypeople, who usually like to sleep in, actually got up very early. After sayinggoodbye to my uncle, I went home with this secret of paradise which only a fewof us know

I wanted to go back and tell others about the beautiful scenery here. Butif the world knew about it, maybe it would not be as natural, primitive andsimple as it is now. It would be better to keep it unknown and full ofmystery!

张家口，又称“张垣”“武城”。位于中国河北省西北部，地处京、冀、晋、蒙四省市区交界处，东靠承德市，东南毗连北京市，南邻保定市，西、西南与山西省接壤，北、西北与内蒙古自治区交界，全市南北长289.2公里，东西宽216.2公里，总面积3.68万平方公里，是北京的北大门，也是历史上兵家必争之地，重要的地理文化名城。全市辖4区、13县、2个管理区，1个高新区，分为坝上、坝下两个不同的自然区域，总人口460万人，其中农业人口310万人。

张家口的发源地是现位于桥西区的堡(bǔ)子里一带，这里的发展是整个张家口逐步繁荣的历史见证。而张家口名称的由来也和这里有密切的关系。堡子里(亦称下堡)，明代时属京师宣府镇(现宣化区(县))，为万全右卫地。宣德四年(公元1429年)，指挥使张文始筑城堡，名张家堡。张家堡高三丈三尺，方四里十三步，东南各开一门，东曰“永镇门”，南曰“承恩门”。嘉靖八年(公元1529年)守备张珍在北城墙开一小门，曰“小北门”，因门小如口，又由张珍开筑，所以称“张家口”。蒙古人和布里亚特人称之为“卡尔干”。

关于张家口堡的小北门，也有一个小小的故事。当年修建张家口堡时，为防御蒙古骑兵的突袭，决定只开东南二门不设北门和西门。可是乡民生产生活不便，大家很有意见。督建官员张文找来风水先生，当众推演。这位风水先生不知是受了张文的指使还是确实测出西北罡气太盛，提出建堡不宜开西、北门的建议。人众议论平息，城堡开始动工，很快城堡建成。堡开东南二门，东门曰永镇门，南门曰承恩门。

嘉靖八年(1529年)，由于张家口长城一带出现了相对较为安定的局面。张家口堡守备章珍为方便上下两堡之间的往来，开筑了北门。为安全起见北门开得很小，称作小北门。后来，因为边境局势紧张，张家口守军又把小北门堵死。后来，有人说小北门门小如口，张(章)姓人开，张(章)姓人守。所以就叫张家口。这个说法很有趣，但是把“张家口”出现的时间推后了一百年。

康熙年间，天下太平，官府应乡民之请打开小北门，但只开了一个宽三尺高三尺人过要低头的小门。两年后，堡子里焦家和草场巷张家结成了儿女亲家。这焦家和张家都是在张家口外放的有钱有势的京官，为方便来往，他们让官府恢复明朝建小北门时的规制，彻底打开了城门。不久，堡子里闹起了瘟疫，人们说是开小北门给带来的。最后，官司打到了宣化府。不知为什么，这次老百姓竟然胜诉，小北门又被改小，小到只可通过一顶轿子的宽度。

清光绪二十六年(1901年)八国联军逼近北京，消息传到张家口，张家口守军马上封闭了小北门，一年后才又打开。

现在，小北门作为张家口堡留存下来的唯一一个门仍然保持着当年开筑时的模样。

明清时期，张家口商贸兴盛。1551年，大境门外开设“马市”，由官方以布釜之类易蒙古鞑靼马匹、皮张。1570年，鞑靼首领俺答臣服受封，张家口被辟为蒙汉“互市之所”。1613年，张家口堡之侧筑来远堡，以张家口堡和来远堡为基础，张家口逐渐发展成为蒙汉民族贸易交往的中心。时摊铺栉比，商贾云集，来远堡外“穹庐千帐”，民族商业贸易十分兴盛。1676年，清军击垮葛尔丹，打通了通往漠北的商道，立大境门为蒙古与本部贸易的场所。到1906年各店铺已有1037家。北平、天津、山西等地客商来张家口经商者日众。1860年，俄国商人已开始在张家口出现。1884年，英、美、法等过商人纷纷到张家口收购皮张和羊毛，张家口逐渐成为陆路大商埠，“百货之所灌输，商旅之所归途”，年进出口平均银高达15000万两。张家口的皮毛在国内外影响日益扩大，“天下皮裘，经此输入海内，四方皮市经此定价而后交易”，成了誉满中外的“皮都”。由于货优物美，享有盛誉，“口羔”，“口皮”驰名国际市场。

崇礼县位于河北省西北部，内蒙古高原与冀西北山地的结合地带。总面积2334.1平方公里，总人口13

万人，距北京247公里。崇礼县地处河北省西北部，张家口市中部。东邻赤城县，南接宣化，西和北

面紧靠张北县，东北和沽源县接壤，西南与张家口区毗邻。据坊间传说，崇礼乃取“崇尚礼义”之

意。

崇礼历史悠久，曾经是北方多民族聚居之地，有着独特的民风民情和厚重的文化积淀。县城所在地的西湾子，原名大东沟，元代有名的“定边城”就建在这里。西湾子峡谷是古代一条重要的南北方向骑兵通道，可从张家口大境门直达坝上草原的金莲川。元世祖忽必烈曾于1251年在金莲川建兵城、蓄精锐，后在闪电河北岸称帝，成就了赫赫霸业。

清代，属直隶省口北道张家口厅。清康熙39年，天主教传入此地，1840年，西湾子成为蒙古教区的总教堂。

崇礼全境多为高山峻岭，海拔20__米以上的山峰有12座。东部和南部的山地为燕山山脉西段支系，北部和西部山地属阴山山脉东段的大马群山支系。我们现在正处于燕山山脉西段支系的中段位置。

崇礼和平森林公园

我们从长城岭出发，沿途经过高原训练基地田径场、明长城遗址、蘑菇坪、情人谷、玫瑰苑、月亮湾、翠云山等景点，最后返回到长城岭，进行单行环线游，行程大约需要2个小时。

崇礼属东亚大陆性季风气候中温带区域，季节差异明显，光照时间长，昼夜温差大。现在大家向右看，这是成片的白桦林，白桦，也叫粉桦、落叶乔木，树皮白色，小枝红褐色，阴性树种。适应性强，耐严寒，喜湿雨、喜酸性土壤，天然分布的大片纯林多生长在阴坡沃土上。左边我们看到的是落叶松，落叶松也叫红钎、黄钎、雾灵落叶松。松科，落叶松属。落叶乔木，树干通直，生长较快，是华北地区山地及我县上半部的主要造林树种。华北落叶松为阴性树种喜光，不耐庇荫，耐寒性强，多分布在海拔1400-20__米之间的阴坡、半阴坡。落叶松材质好、用途广，耐水蚀，耐腐朽是建筑造船及水下工程的良好用材。

翠云山森林公园空旷辽阔，既有山地丛林风光，又有高原草甸景致，很具有欧陆风情。据考古发掘和大量文物考证，崇礼境地属新石器时代晚期龙山与仰韶的混合文化，5000多年就有人群在此定居。

翠云山森林公园主题由长城咏叹、林海漫步和翠云情思三部分组成。

右侧是河北省体育局投资的高原训练基地田径场，投资910万元，在基地海拔1920米的高度建田径场，这一高度比著名的多巴高原训练基地低366米，比海埂训练基地高120米，是最适合进行高强度运动项目训练和比赛。这块地方长400米，宽240米，是山区少有的较平整的场地，且少有树木，大多为灌木丛，建设与环保并重。

现在，我们进入了通向长城岭的林荫道。

若在林间和草地寻觅，您可以看到各色蘑菇。口蘑也是崇礼的特产，它味道鲜美，营养丰富，其滋补抗癌作用日益被人们所认可。

长城岭海拔2100米，属燕山西段造山运动的沉陷带。这里的空气异常清新，负氧离子含量是城市的10倍，因此，徒步登山者只要稍作喘息，就能很快恢复体力。您过一会儿体验一下就知道了。

我们来到了长城岭停车坪，现在开始向长城岭中心景区明长城遗址攀登。请您跟随我正式进入您的翠云山之旅的第一部分——长城咏叹。

崇礼的植被属暖温带落叶阔叶林区域和温带草原区域，森林植被类型主要为天然次生林植被，以白桦、山杨面积最大，兼有红桦、柞树、椴树、红瑞木、五角枫等。人工植被林木种类有25种，阔叶林有杨、榆、柳树等，以桦树最多。针叶树有落叶松、云杉、马尾松、油松等。经济树种有山杏、苹果、海棠等。灌木树种有沙棘、红柳等。

崇礼于1958年开始，实施大兵团作战的植树造林方略，几十年如一日，倾力构筑绿色屏障，累计造林200多万亩，可谓功在当代，利在千秋。近年来，崇礼认真落实退耕还林、退耕还草、封山育林、禁伐禁牧政策，严格环境执法，加强护林防火，使生态环境得到有效保护，对于北京风沙源治理起到了良好的作用。

崇礼的草原区域主要表现为草坡植被，分为高地草甸和灌木草丛。植物组成主要是由耐寒的多年生草本植物为主。境内野生植物资源共有80个科，301属，553种。最多的是菊科、豆科、禾本科，其次是蔷薇科、毛茛科、唇形科和蓼科等。还有一些小乔木及灌木林，主要有：虎榛、锦鸡儿、丁香、胡枝子、文冠果等。

中草药有：黄芩、黄芪、赤勺、麻黄、猪苓、柴胡、高本、金莲花、芍药、防风、升麻、当归、知母、车前子、远志、狼毒、天门冬、柳穿鱼等210种。

崇礼的野生哺乳动物主要有：狍子、狐狸、獾子、貉子、山狸子、刺猬、野兔、松鼠、黄鼠、花鼠等16种，在新中国成立初期，境内有很多豹子、豺、狼、石貂、旱獭，现在已经没有了踪迹。

鸟类有：沙鸡、野鸡、石鸡、斑鸠、半翅、鹌鹑、山雁、鸿雁、鹞鹰、老雕、黄莺、鹧鸪、红嘴鸭、猫头鹰、啄木鸟、

布谷鸟、野鸽子等32种。

由于大自然赋予金莲花消炎败火的功效，所以它对人大有裨益。您看她，形若莲花，亭亭玉立，金灿灿、光闪闪，着实让人喜爱。一位诗人曾面对金莲花吟出了优美的诗句：“莫道香苑花中王，休比雍容华贵装。玉洁冰清驱毒火，谁人识得好娇娘?”

这里还有难得一见的雪绒花。雪绒花是奥地利的国花，它会让人想起电影《音乐之声》里那首脍炙人口的歌曲《雪绒花》。这美丽的精灵，只有在海拔1500米以上的草甸、林地才能见到她的芳踪。因她的枝叶花朵生有一层如白雪般的绒毛而显得高洁灵秀、与众不同，它的金黄色的造型独特的花蕊，会让您心中升发出一种别样的情感。

20__年8月，从瑞士访问归来、深知雪绒花价值的著名文学家冯骥才，在蔚县参加中国民间文化遗产抢救工程剪纸专项工作会议期间，游览“空中草原”时，惊奇地发现有的呈地毯型生长，多为群星分布的大面积生长着的雪绒花，于是写了《中国的雪绒花在哪里》。

在奥地利，雪绒花象征着勇敢，因为野生的雪绒花生长在环境艰苦的高山上，常人难以得见其美丽容颜，所以见过雪绒花的人都是英雄。

看，这是一块具有纪念意义的人工岩石，上面有个醒目的篆体 “功”字，那是为纪念一代又一代在植树造林中立下汗马功劳的英雄们而特意刻写树立的。

现在我们看到的是明长城遗址。

崇礼境内有燕、秦、明长城遗址122公里，烽火台153个。长城岭长城修建于明成化21年前后，是在北魏长城的基础上重修的。明代曾大修长城18次，历时200余年，赤城、崇礼、龙关一线的长城在整个明代长城史上占有重要地位。明朝宣德初年，朝廷军力不支，为防蒙古各部南下，于宣德五年将开平卫移至独石口，以防胡虏，控制南北。此后，该段长城在正统、景泰、成化、嘉靖、万历年间均有不同程度的修补，而第一次大规模整修是在成化二十一年，即公元1485年。

1981年长城普查时，在马驹沟之南发现了成化元年即公元1465年修长城的“永镇”摩崖石刻，刻有“成化二年四月十六日彪示重修”字样。第二次大修是在嘉靖24年，即公元1545年，据当时的文献记载，塞外长城有内、外两道，俗称内、外边墙，也称北路长城。

1981年，长城普查工作人员在本县清三营乡破庙堡的一座磨房里发现了两块石碑，其中的一块石碑上清楚地刻着：“万历四十年四月修完。本边底阔一丈六尺，平高一丈七尺，收顶三尺。”碑文中的“边”即指外边墙。石碑明确记载了此段长城当时的相对高度是两丈，约合6.6米。

作为今天崇礼与赤城两县界标的长城岭长城，正处于外边墙西侧南北段的中间位置。

这道外边墙全部用石块垒砌而成，已经严重坍塌损圮，虽然不如八达岭长城高大华美，但它却营造着一种特殊的时空氛围，显得沉毅凝重，悲壮苍凉。走近长城，遥想戎马倥偬，纵观烽火硝烟，会有走进历史的.感觉，您或多或少会有一份感慨。令国人欣慰的是，20__年7月8日，在葡萄牙首都里斯本，长城被评为世界新七大奇迹，而且高居榜首!

离开长城岭景区，乘坐旅游观光车向西南行驶几分钟，要穿过一片林海，那是您翠云山森林公园之旅的第二部分——林海漫步。我们的游览车将在一条起伏曲折的山巅小路穿行，由于是在丛林行进，有人称之为绿色通道。

土豆就是马铃薯，当地人叫它山药，崇礼的出产的脱毒薯块茎硕大，味道可口，经专家测定，其所含营养比其它种类的土豆高出许多，堪称土豆之冠。

崇礼的蚕豆皮薄粒大，颗粒均匀，色泽乳白，口味香甜，富含卵磷脂，氨基酸含量大大超过其它产地的蚕豆，用它做成的玉带豆出口日本后大受欢迎，被日本美食家称为“绿色有机食品”，有趣的是，日本有关部门居然能在鱼龙混杂的进口蚕豆中准确检测出崇礼出产的蚕豆，这让崇礼人很是自豪。崇礼蚕豆还被河北省命名为“河北蚕豆”，被省育种基地命名为“冀张蚕1号”。

甘蓝俗称元白菜、回子白、疙瘩白，崇礼的甘蓝不仅营养价值高，而且很有特点，它从里到外几乎都是绿色，做出的菜肴不变形不变色，爽脆可口。别看它个儿小，却很瓷实，分量很重，有一次一辆运送蔬菜的汽车在山坡抛锚，司机就用它充当石头打堰儿，阻挡了车轮下滑。

崇礼的蔬菜种植已经有了长足的发展，目前，已经有多个生产基地，无公害蔬菜面积已经达到11万亩，占全县耕地面积的40%以上，年蔬菜总产量18万多吨，被确定为“奥运蔬菜备选基地”、“外埠进京蔬菜基地县”和“河北省出口蔬菜基地”。

崇礼的新品种彩椒个大肉厚，色泽艳丽，是由以色列专家培育并提供籽种的，大部分被外商包销空运出境，还上了国宴!真是“不说不知道，一说吓一跳。”

我们现在到了蘑菇坪停车点。从前的蘑菇坪可是草高数尺，绿波荡漾，兽走禽飞的好地方哦。

传说，从前有个叫毛古平的小伙儿来到这里采药，发现地上有一滴滴的鲜血，他顺着血迹寻找，突然发现在浓密的草丛中侧窝着一只老狼，那狼身上被射进两支利箭，毛古平定睛一看，老狼已经死去，身边有一只小狼崽还在挣扎着吮吸母狼的乳头，当时已是中秋，山上寒风阵阵，小狼瑟瑟发抖，毛古平见状顿生怜悯之情，他将狼崽抱在怀里，匆匆赶回山脚下的家中，让自己家正在哺乳幼崽的母狗喂养。毛古平还给小狼崽起名叫毛三儿。毛三儿长大后很通人性，时常到野外捕猎狍子和野兔，叼回家中与主人分享，还隔三差五来到这里伸长脖子嚎叫，好象是对母亲的思念和哀悼。有一天，毛古平来到这里放羊，一只大野狼突然向羊群发动袭击，负责守护羊群的毛三儿迅速冲上前去，和野狼撕咬在一起，毛古平急忙跑上前来用羊铲猛击野狼，野狼见势不妙慌忙逃窜。后来，毛古平的故事被人们知道了，于是，这个地方就被叫成了谐音的“蘑菇坪”。

穿越林海。我们来到了情人谷。关于情人谷，还有一个美丽的传说呢——

明代万历年间，翠云山下有一个村子，村里的人过着半农半牧的生活。一天，在大东梁西坡上放牛的一位60多岁老汉，由于旧疾复发，一下子倒在梁头上滚下山坡，被正在巡视长城工程的百户统领远远看见了，他立即派一个叫霍明的壮小伙子前去救助。霍明跑到近前一看，老汉面面色苍白，呼吸微弱，他急忙掐老汉的人中，过了一会老汉醒了过来，但却因过度虚弱，不能动弹。经统领同意，霍明和另外两个年轻小伙儿轮流背着老汉下山回家。老汉有个女儿，叫刘翠云，长得亭亭玉立，眉清目秀，她对霍明三人的义举很是感动，尤其对英俊憨厚尚未婚配的霍明情有独钟。刘老汉也非常喜欢霍明。从那以后，霍明经常来看望老人和翠云。霍明从东面的堡城来东梁底村要走很远的路，翠云心疼情人，加之在家里谈话不方便，于是就约定各走一段路，到山上去见面，幽会的地方就定在这里。后来两人结成了百年之好。在霍明和翠云的撺掇下，长城东面堡城的小伙子们和长城西面东梁底村的姑娘们开始了婚恋洽谈会，而幽会的地点全都定在这里。所以，此地就成了名副其实的“情人谷”。据说这个风俗一直延续到清代。有戏言说乾隆皇帝到塞外视察，听说了情人谷传奇，也想来感受一下浪漫风情，但因连日大雨，道路湿滑，故而未能成行。

下一景点就到了玫瑰苑，顾名思义，这里生长着众多野玫瑰。若在野玫瑰花盛开的时候来此游览，那诱人的花香有如玫瑰仙女驾临，会令您心醉神迷。

若在林海宿营，看密林幽幽，听虫语鸟鸣，必会心游物外，肺腑玲珑。这清爽宜人的天然氧吧，会让您精神倍增。我们现在来到了翠云山的月亮湾。这是您翠云山森林公园之旅的第三部分——翠云情思。

在对面的山上看这里，感觉我们脚下的山脊地形酷似一湾新月，月亮湾因此而得名。盛夏时节在月亮湾环顾四周，可见层峦耸翠，佳木凝碧，芳草萋萋，无尽的绿色撩人心扉，芬芳的空气沁人心脾。站在山巅，迎徐徐山风，您一定神清气爽，以至陶然若醉而留连忘返。

古代智者对自然的认知程度丝毫不亚于今人，而“天人合一”的理想仍是当今国人构建和谐社会的至高境界，如果人人都以苍生为念，以天下为怀，以绿色为爱，那将是一幅何等美妙的画卷啊!

崇礼拥有全省面积最大的原始次生林地，有林面积超过100万亩，森林覆盖率达39%。翠云山森林公园有着被人称道的欧陆风光。现在，崇礼已经跻身河北省旅游强县之列。今后，崇礼将会有更多具有阿尔卑斯风情的森林公园展现在您的面前。

虽然崇礼的山山水水比不过华山之险、泰山之雄、娥眉之秀、嵩岳之幽，然而，它却可以春赏花、夏避暑、秋观景、冬滑雪，它将以连绵不断的鲜美绿色、瑰丽迷人的北国白雪和长城脚下的古道热肠——迎接四海嘉宾来此欢度美好时光!现在，我们开始从翠云山上的月亮湾缓缓下山。这里峰回路转，草木芳香，您可以欣赏道路两旁高大的白桦林、落叶松和浓密的灌木丛。

这是翠云山森林公园度假村。

丛林环抱的度假村随时欢迎您来此休闲观光。

汽车已经安全地下了翠云山。我们转了将近一圈，现在正向始发地行进。

沽源县得名于“沽河”(又名白河)之源。沽源又是黑河、白河、滦河的发源地，可以称之为“三河之源”，属内蒙古高原南缘，古长城外侧的坝上地区，北靠内蒙，东依承德，西接大同，南距北京仅270公里，距离省会石家庄600公里。位于河北省北部，闪电河上游，邻内蒙古自治区。东邻承德市丰宁县，南与张家口市赤城、崇礼县接壤，西与张北、康保两县相连，北与内蒙古太仆寺旗、正兰旗、多伦县毗邻。总面积3654平方公里，县辖4镇10乡，总人口23.1万，县城平定堡镇距北京市287公里，距张家口170公里。境内山脉起伏连绵，属阴山余脉，全县平均海拔1536米，华北著名的第三高峰冰山梁，海拔2332米，山顶洞内结冰终年不化。气候属温带大陆性草原气候。年平均气温+1.6℃，年日照时数最长3246小时，最短2616小时，年降水量426毫米，无霜期日数117天。汛期主要反映在6、7、8三个月，期间降水量占全年降水量的53%。 大旱气候多，风沙大。

全县在册耕地166万亩，人均7.5万亩，主要农作物有燕麦、马铃薯、亚麻、杂豆、蔬菜、是华北最大的脱毒薯基地。由于日照长，昼夜温差大，土质肥沃，农产品品质高，且无公害、无污染，是"出自最佳生态环境的绿色食品"。草场176万亩(其中人工草场38万亩)。

沽源不仅有优美的风光，还有悠久的历史呢。早在遥远的新石器时代，沽源就有了人类居住，这块富庶美丽的土地，不仅是勤劳憨厚的北疆各游牧部族繁衍生息的依托地区，而且也被各代统治阶级视为“风水宝地”。北魏统治者在大宏城设置御夷镇，以防柔然，捍卫平城。辽代统治者实行四季捺钵的特殊政治制度，沽源是其主要出猎捺钵区，承天皇后并在此建凉殿。金世宗每逢夏季经常避暑行猎于此，将这金莲争芳吐艳的苍茫原野，取金莲玉叶之意更名为“金莲川”，并在闪电河畔建“景明宫”为避暑疗养圣地。元代从忽必烈定制起，实行巡幸两都制度，沽源就成了天之骄子的驻跸和游猎地。明代，这里为“九边重镇”之一的“开平卫”，为防蒙古侵扰，派有重兵屯守。清代，蒙古察哈尔部迁牧于此，这里就成了皇家牧场基地之一。沽源神州，滋育过千古风流，创造着古老文明!历史的车轮在不断向前滚动，我们的旅游车轮也在向前游移。坝上草原就像一副美丽的画卷，而我们每一个人都在画中游!

历史上沽源曾是北魏御夷镇，也是辽、金、元三代帝王的避暑圣地。辽代萧太后梳妆楼，历尽千年沧桑，至今仍屹立在闪电河畔，金代景明宫、元代察汗淖儿行宫、清代胭脂马场、狩猎场、张库古商道、明代长城和古烽火台及元代宏城遗址，九连城遗址等一大批源远流长的历史文化古迹，至今尚存。在沽源这块广袤的草原上，孕育了北方少数民族文化，涵养了一代代民族英豪，也留下了许多美丽动人的传说。

五花草甸位于葫芦河流域十万亩湿地草原的北部，距县城7.5公里，面积两万余亩，是锡林郭勒盟草原最漂亮，最富魅力的原始草场。那锡林郭勒盟草原是唯一被联合国列为世界自然遗产保护名录的草原。我们这块五花草甸是非常珍贵的，为什么呢?小李在前边讲过，沽源县共有天然草场202万亩，其中天然湿地草原60万亩是距北京最近的原始湿地草原，其保存之好，花草之茂在中国北方尚属罕见。五花草甸因为特殊的地理位置和气候而生成，所以这两万亩之外是看不到这样的景观的。就连生长在内蒙古大草原的游客都专程驱车来我们这看五花草甸的盛景。大家知道，湿地被人们誉为“地球之肾”，“没有湿地就没有水!”湿地与人类的生存、繁衍及发展息息相关，是自然界最富生物多样性的生态景观和人类最重要的生存环境之一。湿地不仅为人类的生产、生活提供大量的资源，而且具有巨大的环境功能和效益。在抵御洪水、调节径流、蓄洪防旱、控制污染、调节气候、控制土壤侵蚀、除淤造路、美化环境等方面有着其他系统不可替代的作用。位于沽源县城南7.5公里、赤宝公路沿线西侧，总面积4000亩。牧草平均高度达0.8米，草甸内现已发现各种植被630多种，其中以毛莨科植物为主，还有十多种属省内或国内罕见植物，如野罂粟、大叶龙胆、沙参、石竹花、水麦冬等。

大家看，蓝天，白云，轻风、绿草，还有远处的山脉，这让我们想到了一首诗：刺勒川，阴山下，天似穹庐，宠

盖四野;天苍苍，野茫茫，风吹草低见牛羊。为什么叫它五花草甸呢?这个名字呀，是有来历的。每年的五月中旬，当青草泛出淡淡嫩草之时，便有朵朵花蕾俏然绽放，草随花茂，花伴草生。每隔半月均有五种以上的花种婀娜吐艳，展现在草原上，所以称之为“五花草甸”。鲜花从五月盛开，盛状一直持续到九月，中科院曾经有位专家说过，这里品种达170多种，有10多种名扬四海的中草药，最著名的有金莲花、芍药、百合、宣草、翠雀、石竹、毛莨、沙参等。甸内奇花异草不计其数，其中尤以盛产的金莲花最为著称。此花既可入药，又可制成上等茶叶，清凉解署、化痰止咳、润喉清肺。还有黄花，俗称金针菜，盛开的季节可遍布整个草甸，那可是餐桌上一道美味佳肴。草甸内还出产野韭菜、韭花、野山葱等许多可供食用的野菜。采来略加调制便是市场上买不到的调剂口味的特殊菜肴。草甸内还有很多上好的药材如秦艽、柴胡、水麦冬，黄芪、沙参等等。每逢夏季来临，大批候鸟迁徙到此，在草旬内筑巢孵卵、繁衍后代，这时，百花齐放、百鸟争鸣，鸟语花香使整个草甸充满活力了先机和活力。小李是土生土长的沽源人，可也是只认识其中的几种，如果大家哪位认识更多，那可要告诉小李，小李以后就可能告诉更多的游客了。好，现在大家拍拍照吧!

尊贵的游客，你们好!我姓胡，大家可以叫我小胡。我们这次旅游的目的地是被称为世界建筑史上一大奇迹的建筑——长城。

长城越群山，经绝壁，穿草原，跨沙漠，起伏在崇山峻岭之巅，跨过黄河彼岸和渤海之滨。有句话大家一定知道，“不到长城非好汉!”今天，咱们也去做一回好汉。

进登门口前，我要提一个问题：“长城有多长?”告诉你们，长城整整有一万三千多里呢!从这儿看，长城多像一条巨大的长龙，蜿蜒盘旋于八达岭上啊!现在，我们已经站在了登门口，这儿的南侧东边是不是有一大炮台?这台大炮口径长105毫米，长2.85米，叫，“这时威大将军。”可为什么叫“这时威大将军”呢?游客朋友们，你们 猜猜看!对了，它是因为炮身上铸有“敕赐神威大将”而得名的。

敬爱的游客，我们往前走，大家应该看见烽火台了吧!烽火台，又名烽燧，狼烟台，一旦敌人来犯，就点燃烽火通报敌情：百余人燃一烟一炮，五百余人燃两烟两炮……以此类推。古人将白天点燃的火叫烽，晚上的叫燧。长城两边的景色很美，各位游客你们看，苍松翠柏，云遮雾障，禽鸟齐名，溪流淙淙，处处充满诗情画意。

孙中山也曾评价过长城：“中华最有名之工程者，万里长城也。……工程之大，古无其匹，为世界独一之奇观。”游客们，我希望你们细细游赏，注意不要乱丢果皮纸屑等垃圾，最后祝大家旅行愉快，再见!

各位朋友：

你们好!

欢迎到金山岭长城观光旅游。也许您每天都会在中央电视台《新闻联播》前的国歌声中，看到长城的雄姿。那就是金山岭长城。金山岭长城，位于河北省滦平县与北京市密云县交界处，距北京市133公里，距承德市87公里，西起龙峪口，东至望京楼，全长10.5公里，沿线设有大小关隘5处、敌楼67座、烽火台2座。1981年1月被国务院定为全国重点文物保护单位，1991年被国家定为一级旅游景点、国家级风景区，并于1987年被联合国教科文组织确定为世界文化遗产。

“万里长城，金山独秀。”

就让我们一起去观赏被专家们誉为万里长城中最精彩的一段——金山岭长城吧。

(停车场至砖垛口的路上)

北齐天保七年(556年)金山岭一带最早出现了长城，由北齐的第一个皇帝高洋下令修建，主要是为了阻挡北方柔然等游牧民族对北齐的进攻，保证边境的安全。当时的长城为土石结构，单调低矮。十五世纪中叶，北方蒙古族的鞑靼、朵颜等部落，看到明王朝国力逐渐衰弱，就乘机南侵，威胁京都。为了保证京都的安全，明王朝决定重修这段对京都有着重要意义的长城。隆庆元年(1567年)秋天，明穆宗朱载垕将抗倭名将戚继光由南方调到北方，担任蓟镇总兵，负责包括金山岭长城在内的600公里的长城沿线的防务。但戚继光初到北方时，是有职无权，他先是想训练一支北方的“戚家军”，由于朝中有人阻挠而未能实现。非常现实的戚继光在求“攻”不得的情况下改为“守”。隆庆二年(1568年)，戚继光到蓟州上任后，马上到长城沿线巡查，他发现蓟镇长城都比较低薄，在许多险要的地段，只有单墙，而且有不少地方已经坍塌。这样的长城，根本不符合作战的需要。于是他上报朝廷，要求加固和扩建蓟镇长城。隆庆三年(1569年)，戚继光的弟弟戚继美率一支沂州兵到蓟镇戍守。戚继光奏请朝廷后，让这支部队在金山岭驻扎下来，负责搞示范工程。戚继美带领沂州士兵，在金山岭上修长城、筑敌台。7座最早的空心敌台在金山岭的长城沿线上建立起来，蓟镇长城的加固、扩建工程全面顺利展开。在戚继光任职的十六年间，基本完成了这一浩大的工程。以后几十年的时间里，明王朝又不断调兵修缮，使之成为一道城墙高耸、战垒林立、能攻能守的坚固防线。

戚继光在修建长城过程中，依据“因地制宜，用险制塞”的建筑思想，山势低矮处，加高城墙，山势高峻处，修建敌楼，个别地方加修了障墙、支墙、挡马墙，全部为砖石结构或砖石木结构，使这段长城设施完备、构筑牢固、布局严谨、可攻可守。经专家鉴定，金山岭长城是我国万里长城的精华之所在。

障墙、文字砖、挡马墙，被誉为金山岭长城的“三绝”。

(砖垛口)

砖垛口，清代史料称为“砖垛关”，一般是游人登临长城的第一站。

砖垛口始建于明初洪武年间，隆庆年间由戚继光主持重修，高2.3米，宽1.6米，西距古北口4公里。虽然规模不大，但其战略位置十分重要，历来为兵家必争之地。从砖垛口一带发现的火炮、手雷、石礌、铁蛋丸、箭头等武器来看，明朝时这里的战事是十分频繁的。1933年，张学良的部队曾在这里与日本侵略军进行过激烈的战斗。1948年夏天，北京解放前夕，我人民解放军强攻古北失利，就从砖垛口和龙峪口等关口突破，包抄了古北口国民党守军的后路，很快攻下了古北口。

(砖垛口至东方台)

细心的朋友会在长城上发现一些独特有趣的东西。

我们脚下的马道，由方砖铺面，可容六、七人并行。坡度大的地方，又用砖砌成了梯形台阶，走起来十分方便，又不致于滑倒。这些地方的城墙有里外两层，里面一层高1.5米，叫宇墙，又叫女儿墙，外面一层高2米，叫垛口墙。在垛口墙上，每隔一米多远便设一个垛口，供士兵射击来犯之敌。在宇墙和垛口墙，设有上、中、下三层射击孔，可供士兵采取站、跪、卧三种姿势射击敌人。大家注意一下，每个垛口都有一个小洞，它有两个作用：一是插军旗助威，或以旗来传递信号;二是明代从国外引进了一种叫佛郎枪的武器，佛郎枪下面有轴，把轴插在小洞内，可转动做扇面射击。在垛口墙贴近马道的地方，每隔二三米便有一个砖砌排水沟，排水沟靠内侧一端设有吐水嘴，防止排泄出去的水冲刷侵蚀墙体;靠外侧一端修有礌石孔，也叫悬眼，用来施放礌石，打击敌人。这些都是金山岭长城建筑的独到之处。

(东方台)

大家熟悉的中央电视台《新闻联播》之前的片头语长城和“传承文明，开拓创新”广告语的背景长城，都是在这里拍摄的。自1986年金山岭长城开放以来，先后有100多部影视的剧组和许多广告单位来金山岭取景。这是长城的骄傲，更是金山岭的骄傲。

金山岭长城开放以来，党和国家领导人多次前来视察，先后有130多个国家和地区的驻华使节观光游览。北京丽都、王府、凯宾斯基等几十家大饭店多次在这里举办越野攀登、烟花晚会、篝火晚会等文体娱乐活动。1998年9月，来自13个国家的“雷励远征计划”活动的160多人在此举行大型酒会，热烈的气氛、圆满的结果，更是把金山岭长城的名字传到了五湖四海。

1992年11月15日11点35分，当身穿鲜红色摩托服的“亚洲飞人”柯受良驾驶着白色雅玛哈250型摩托车，凌空一跃，金山岭长城就随着几百只白鸽和无数支彩球飞进了全世界人民的心中。我们西侧的西方台就是当年柯受良飞跃长城的地方。1995年10月6日，一对瑞典青年也在那里按中国风俗举办了隆重的婚礼。他们希望自己的婚姻能够像长城一样牢固可靠。

好了，我们继续前行。

大家看前面山脊上那截特殊的长城，它叫支墙，在长城的其他地方是难得一见的。它与前面的库房楼相通，是库房楼的第一道防线。遇有敌人入侵，支墙上的守军与敌人率先交火，万一抵挡不住，可凭借支墙边打边退，直到撤至库房楼。

支墙北面200米的两侧山头上，各有一座圆形的墩台，那就是烽火台，也叫烽燧，是古时候传递军情或报警使用的。一旦有情况，白天放烟，称为燧;夜里点火，称为烽。

(障墙)

这种障墙，是金山岭长城特有的设施，修在敌楼附近，横着在马道上筑起一道道短墙，高2.5米左右，长大约是马道宽的三分之二，形同一道道的屏障。障墙上有了望孔和射击孔，一旦敌人攻上长城，守军可据守障墙，进行抵抗和反击。怎么样，金山岭长城的设计够完善的吧?

游客们，我们已经来到了著名的八达岭长城，您向远处看，可以发现这里的长城分为南、北两峰，蜿蜒于山脊之上，龙腾虎跃、气象万千，景色十分壮观。往下面看是有两个门洞和U字形的城墙缎怕谳瓮城。在瓮城墙上内外两面都有垛口墙，四面拒敌。倘若敌人攻破关门涌入城内，将受到四面守城将围歼，敌人如落瓮中。瓮城是长城的一个重要组成部分。它一般都建在地形险要的交通要道上。八达岭的瓮城也不例外。建在山脊上，受地形限制，依山就势，东低西高，东窄西宽，仅有5000平方米。瓮城内无井，水源缺乏，平常驻兵不多，守城部队驻在西北三里的岔道城。瓮城中原有一座“察院公馆”，是供皇帝路过驻跸或官员停留住宿的。瓮城两门之间相距63.9米，西门楣题额“北门锁钥”，它的用意我在前面已经讲过。城门洞上，古进安装有巨大的双扇木门，门内安装有木顶柱和锁闩。平时，大门敞开，行人商旅自由出入;战时城门紧闭，严实坚固;一旦发出反击号令，城门洞又是千军万马发起冲锋的出口。瓮城的东门楣题额为“居庸外填”，修建于明嘉靖十八年。在“居庸外镇”关城的城台上，原来嵌有一块石碑，为明朝万历年间刻制。从碑文可以看一带长城，先后经80多年时间才完成。这碑中还记录着修筑长城的时间、长度、主持官和管工头、烧头、窑匠头、泥瓦匠头和名字，以明确责任。站在城上向下看，我们中以看到来往不断的车辆和从门洞穿过的游人。这里不仅是古代重要的军事防御关口，而且也是交通要道。从这里南通昌平、北京，北去延庆，西北往宣化、张家口，“路从此分，四通八达”。八达岭也因此得名。

北8楼是八达岭长城海拔最高的楼，高达888.9米，建筑也很有特色。原来还可登上敌楼观山望景，但目前为了保护文物封了楼门。唐代汪遵的《长城》说到，秦筑长城比铁牢，蕃戎不敢过临洮。虽然万里连云际，争及尧阶三尺高从关城城台到南峰的最高处南4楼，城墙长685.8米，高度上升142.4米，特别是南3楼至南4楼之间，山脊狭窄，山势陡峭，长城逶迤400多米。城顶最险处，坡度约为70度，几乎是直上直下。南1楼和南2楼，都没有修复二层，从南3楼遗存的柱础看，原来也有铺房。南峰长城以南4楼地势最高，海拔803.6米。登楼眺望，长城自西南向东北蜿蜓于山脊之上，宛如苍龙，宏伟壮观。从南4楼到南7楼，高度逐渐下降。南5楼与南6楼之间在长城的内侧距城墙30米的山脊上，耸立着一座白色的小亭，这就是1987年6月落成的“贵州省修复长城纪念碑亭”。南6楼是一座铺房，铺房建在上层的顶上，面阔三间，硬山顶，红柱子，灰色瓦，小巧玲珑。

今天的长城，早已失去军事价值，而以其特有的魅力，吸引着广大中外游客，成为举世闻名的旅游胜地。随着旅游业的发展，长城这一中华民族的象征，全世界重要的文化遗产，会焕发出新的生机。它不仅是中华民族勤劳、智慧的结晶，也是古代建筑工程的杰出代表。登上八达岭长城，极目远望，山峦起伏，雄沉刚劲的北方山势，尽收眼底。长城因山势而雄伟，山势因长城更加险峻。游客们，现在我们已经开始顺势走下长城。游客们!踏着这脚下的方砖，扶着墙上的条石，你有没有感受到古长城留下来的气息呢。

长城是中国古代一项极为雄伟的防御建筑工程。根据历史记载，从战国以来，有20多个诸候国家和封建王朝修筑过长城，其中秦、汉、明三个朝代所修长城的长度都超过了1万里，若把各个时代修筑的长城加起来，大约有10万里以上。

“万里长城”的名称，始于秦朝。从秦始皇三十三年(前220xx年)派蒙恬伐匈奴开始，到始皇死后，秦二世赐蒙恬、扶苏死的时候 (前220xx年)为止，共用5年时间筑成。

据史籍记载，秦统一六国后，始皇派蒙恬将军带30 万人，北伐匈奴。蒙恬斥逐匈奴后，以黄河以南土地为44县，筑长城，利用地形，沿黄河、阴山设立屏障要塞，北面和东面沿赵、燕的旧长城，西面利用秦昭王的旧长城，连接起来，西起临洮 (今甘肃省南部洮河边)，东到辽东，绵延万余里。这条秦长城，在今天的长城以北很远的地方。

秦长城是用夯土的办法筑成的。从现在临洮北边秦长城遗址可以看出：最下一层是生土， 土上有一层压得非常坚实的黄土，黄土上筑起有夯土层的城墙，夯土层为 黄色粘土夹碎石。这虽是早期的夯筑办法，却创造了人类建筑史上的奇迹。

汉代因北方匈奴经常入侵，从汉文帝汉景帝开始，就继续修缮秦长城。最后修成一条西起大宛贰师城、经龟兹、车师(均在今新疆境内)，居延(今内蒙境内)，直到黑龙江北岸，全长近2万里的长城，城堡相连，烽火相望，形成一道坚固的防线。

从南北朝到元代，中间有很多王朝都修过长城，但规模都不如秦汉时代。

明朝建立以后，原来的统治者元蒙贵族逃回蒙古，不断南下骚扰掠夺，东北又有女真族兴起，所以明王朝十分重视北方防务。明朝200多年中差不多一直没有停止过长城的修筑和巩固长城的防务。最后修成全长 12700余里，东起鸭绿江，西达嘉峪关的长城，也就是今天我们所见到的长城。明长城的特点是;在重要的关隘地方，特别是在居庸关、山海关、雁门关一带修筑了好几重城墙，多的达到二十几重。并在长城南北筑了许多城堡、烟墩(烽火台)，用来瞭望敌情，传递警报。

长城的用途主要是防御北方游牧民族的扰掠，因当时游牧民族没有固定的居处，相对中原王朝来说，还处于生产力相当低下的阶段，有的部族经常劫掠外族，侵犯内地，对中原的农业生产和社会安定造成很大威胁。在古代作战主要靠骑兵和步兵的条件下，高大的城墙便成为安全的屏障，有军队把守就更难逾越。

长城的修建，还有利于开发屯田、保护屯田，促进边远地区生产的发展，保障通讯和商旅往返的安全。秦汉时北部地区有宽大的直道和驰道，汉代又打通了西域的交通大道，文书的传递、使节和商旅来往都需要保护，长城烽燧正是沿着这条大道修筑的。

长城的建筑与军事防御体系相配合。例如明代在长城沿线设有军事管理区，叫做镇。由总兵和镇守指挥本镇所辖长城沿线兵马。有的镇下面还设“路”，驻守在重要的关城地点，路的头目叫“守备”。如山海关路，守备驻守在山海关城里，管附近十几处关隘。

关隘即关塞和隘口，是长城线上的重要据点，一般都在险阻的地方。两山之间的狭窄通道称为隘口，在隘口筑城设险堵塞通道，就称为关塞。重要关口由守备把守，次要关口设千总把守。沿长城还有城、堡、障、堠等防御建筑。城是与长城紧密相联的防御性城，不同于州城和县城，面积不大，相距几十里不等。障是比城更小的小城，主要驻兵，也可有居民。堡是驻防的守兵所住，设“百总”或“把总”看守，守兵数目由几十人到上百人不等。有些堡内有烽火台。堠是一种专用于守望的简易建筑。

长城两边还有烽火台 (又称烟墩台)，有的紧靠长城两侧，也有在长城以外向远处伸展的。台上有少数守兵，白天燃烟，夜间放火。烽火台是一个独立的高台子，台子上有守望房屋和燃烟放火的设备，台下有兵士住的房子和羊马圈，他房等建筑，大约十里一个烽火台。长城的城墙随地形决定高低，地势陡则矮一些，地势缓就高一些。墙身内侧隔不多远就有一个圆形拱门，门里有砖石梯通到城墙顶上，可供守城士兵上下。墙顶外侧砌成垛口，古代 雉堞，上有瞭望口和射眼。城墙上每隔一定距离还有一个突出墙外的台子，叫做墙台，或敌台。墙台是平时守城士卒放哨的地方。敌台是骑墙的墩台，里边可住守城士卒，储存武器。

长城的建筑主要是利用地形，就地取材，有山的地方，尽量利用陡险的山脊，外侧峭直，内侧平缓。并开山取石，凿成整齐的条石，内填灰土和石灰，非常坚实。黄土地带主要用土夯筑。沙漠地带用芦苇和红柳枝条层层铺沙粒小石子。明朝的长城在重要地段用砖垒砌，就地开窑厂烧砖瓦，采石烧石灰。修长城的劳力主要是戍防军队，其次是强征的民夫，第三是发配充军的犯人。

明代修长城时没有施工和运输的机械，主要靠人力搬运，大条石一块就有20xx多斤，大城砖一块也有30多斤，内含沙石子，非常坚硬，刀刻不动。搬运方法主要是排成长队传递，也采用了手推小车、滚木、撬棍、绞盘等简单的工具。有时还利用动物，但大量的工作还是靠人力完成的，所以修长城不知死了多少人。

大家好，今天我就是你们的导游，接下来我们要游览万里长城，长城在古代是一座易守难攻的伟大的工程!它兴建于秦朝，长城有一万三千多米长，据粗略的计算，长城还能绕地球一圈呢!怎么样，够惊人吧!长城是用巨大的条石和城砖筑成的。城墙顶上城墙铺着方砖，十分平整，像很宽的马路，五六匹马可以并行。城墙外沿有两米多高的成排的垛子，垛子上有方形的了望口、射口，供了望和射击用，城墙顶上每隔三百多米就有一座方形的城台，是屯兵的堡垒。打仗的时候，城台之间可以互相呼应。今天的长城虽然没有了军用价值，但是长城还是旅游胜地。长城是中华人民共和国民族的象征，是世界重要的文化遗产。

各位亲爱的游客们，大家早上好，我叫朱敏嘉，大家可以叫我朱导。欢迎大家来到“人间天堂”------西湖。我们即将开启西湖之游，我们要去游览孤山、断桥和三潭映月。祝大家旅游愉快！请大家不要乱丢果皮垃圾，乱涂乱画。

西湖这么美，当然有许多奇妙的传说。相传多年前，天上有玉龙和金凤，它们在银河旁边的仙岛上找到了一块玉石，它们一起啄了许多年，玉石就变成一块光芒四射的宝珠，这颗宝珠的光芒射到哪儿，哪儿的树木就常青，花朵就盛开。后来消息传到天宫，王母娘娘就派天兵天将来把宝珠抢走。玉龙和金凤赶去索珠，遇到王母娘娘拒绝，于是就争抢起来。王母娘娘被打倒，两手一松，玉石就掉落人间，变成了金莹的西湖，而玉龙和金凤就变成了凤皇山和玉皇山，守护西湖。

大家向东看，那是断桥！它是西湖中最出名的一座桥。它十分有趣：断桥是北里湖与外湖的分水点。每当瑞雪初晴，桥的阳面已经冰消雪化，而桥的阴面却还是白雪皑皑，远远看去，桥身似断非断，“断桥”就因此得名。

大家现在请向前看，这是“三潭映月”，也叫“小瀛州”。这是一个“湖中有岛，岛中有湖”的湖上花园。全岛呈“田”字形，东西连柳提，南北建曲桥，曲桥两侧，种植着大片红、白、各色的睡莲。

接着请大家上岛游览。请看：三塔立在湖上，塔高2米，塔身球形，排列着5个小圆洞，塔顶呈葫芦形，造型优美。每逢中秋佳节，皓月当空，人们在塔内点上蜡烛，沿口蒙上薄纸，烛光外透。这时，“塔影、月影、云影”溶成一片。烛光、月光、湖光交相辉映，在光的折射中，三塔的灯光透过15个圆孔投影在水面上，共有30个小月亮了，再加上天上的一个，湖中的一个，就有32个小月亮了，呈现“天上月一轮，湖中影成三”的美丽景色，真是：“一湖金水欲溶秋”呀！

大家向前走，西湖边上还有一座名山-------孤山！为什么要取名“孤山”呢？这是因为历史上此山十分优美，一直被皇帝所占有，所以叫“孤山”。

西湖是一首诗，一副画，一位楚楚动人的少女。“忆江南，最美是杭州。山寺月中寻桂子，郡亭枕上看潮头。何日更重游？”这是自白居易为颂扬西湖给后人留下回味无穷的千古绝唱！

各位朋友，我们即将结束这次西湖之行，希望让西湖的山山水水永远留在你美好的回忆里！

Ladies and gentlemen

Hello everyone! My name is Li Hugo. What do you call me? Just call medirector Li. Im glad I can accompany you to visit the Forbidden City.

Located in the center of Beijing, the Forbidden City is the imperial palaceof Ming and Qing Dynasties. It is called the "Forbidden City". The Palace Museumexperienced two dynasties of Ming and Qing Dynasties and 24 emperors. The PalaceMuseum is a large-scale, 750 meters wide in the West and East, 960 meters longin the South and North, covering an area of 720000 square meters, with more than150000 square meters of buildings and more than 1000 houses. It is the largestand most complete ancient building in the history of the world. When you enterthe gate of the Forbidden City, you will see five white marble bridges. Why arethey five, instead of seven, eight, or even ten? It turns out that emperors inancient times must have such characteristics as benevolence, righteousness,propriety, wisdom, and faith. Thats why they are five stone bridges.

There are hundreds of stone pillars on the bridge. There are countlesslittle lions carved on the pillars. Some of them nod and frown as if they aresad and unhappy. Some of them open their teeth and claws as if they are showingtheir power. The imperial garden of the Forbidden City, formerly known as thepalace houyao, covers an area of 12000 square meters.

In the center of Weian hall, the garden buildings are built with stonebricks, and the symmetrical lattice bricks are compact. The imperial pavilionwas built on Duixiu mountain in the northeast of the hall. The emperor ascendedhere on the Double Ninth Festival every year.

Well, tourists, lets have a rest here. You can also take pictures of yourfavorite scenic spots and pay attention to health and safety.

游客们，在我们眼前的就是著名的八达岭长城。长城是世界闻名的八大奇迹之一，它东起山海关，西至嘉峪关，足足有一万三千多里长，像一条长龙盘旋在中国北方辽阔的土地上。它不仅是古代劳动人民的血汗和智慧的结晶，还是中国古代文化的象征和中华民族的骄傲。

游客们，现在我们已经登上了长城，您可以发现，这里是人山人海，所以各位要小心谨慎，以免发生意外。现在您向远处看，就可以发现这里的长城分为南北两峰，蜿蜒盘旋于山脊上，景色十分壮观。这高大坚固的长城是用巨大的条石和城砖筑成的。我们站在城墙顶上，您会发现这里像很宽的马路，可供五六匹马并行。现在请到我这边来，看到我身后这成排的垛子了吗?它有着两米多高，上面有瞭望口和射口，可供瞭望和射击用。现在让我们把目光转移，那高高的城台叫烽火台，它分为两层，上面是瞭望台，下层驻扎着许多士兵。士兵们一旦发现敌人，就点燃烽火，将消息传到远方。可见，烽火台在当时的军事中有着多么重要的作用。

站在长城上，踏着脚下的方砖，扶着墙上的条石，您一定会自然地想起古代修筑长城的劳动人民。我们单看这数不清的条石，一块有两三千斤重，那时候没有火车，没有起重机，就靠着无数的肩膀和无数的手，一步一步抬上这陡峭的山岭。多少劳动人民的血汗和智慧，才凝结成前不见头，后不见尾的万里长城。

现在让我来给您讲一个关于长城的故事。传说，有一对夫妻，男的叫范喜良，女的叫孟姜女，在他们结婚时，秦始皇召集百万民夫修筑长城，范喜良也被抓去了。孟姜女在家里苦苦等待夫君，日复一日，年复一年，孟姜女始终没有等到夫君。于是，孟姜女来到长城脚下万里寻夫。不料夫君早已成了一堆白骨，悲伤之下，孟姜女哭倒了长城，自己也成了望夫石。这就是《孟姜女哭长城》的故事。您听了这个故事，是不是对长城有了新的认识了呢?

"North scenery, freeze, you spend a lot. Look inside and outside the Great Wall, but a more vast..." Hello everyone, I am the guide from the trip - xue guides. This time we will go to one of the historical and cultural heritage, the Great Wall.

The Great Wall from the qin dynasty began to build, to resist the invasion of the huns was built. From jiayuguan to shanhaiguan, full length more than thirteen thousand. Today well visit the Great Wall at badaling. You see, it is tall and strong, with huge stone and ChengZhuan built in. Everyone to see, on the top of the walls covered with square brick, very smooth, like a wide road, WuLiuPi mark in parallel. Outside walls along the rows of buttress has two meters high, there are square lookout on buttress mouth and nozzle, is for the benefit of the outlook and shooting. On the top of the wall, every three hundred meters there is a square ChengTai, is the bulwark of station troops. War, between the ChengTai can mutual echo.

Everyone look at the countless stone, with 2 - one thousand catties a there was no train, car, no crane, rely on countless countless hands and shoulders, step by step and carried on the steep mountains. How many working people sweat and wisdom, to condense into the former does not see the head, after the end of the Great Wall.

Everyone who knows the great probably how many people died? To fix the working people of the Great Wall with ninety-six percent of people are in the process of the Great Wall and completed less than two weeks to death. "Meng jiangnu cry the Great Wall" is to prove it. Is really "the dead times comparable to hurt, still hold pestle" zombies!

Now, there are many people on the wall disorderly painting, carving, and litter. If you want to keep the beauty of the Great Wall, dont damage the Great Wall. It is built against the many working peoples wisdom and sweat! Let us act, to protect the Great Wall, to protect the motherland good things!

Visitors, now we have the Great Wall, the end of the todays trip to the Great Wall. Thank you for your support, we see you next time.

嗨，游客们，

介绍长城的导游词。我是你们的导游，我姓刘，大家可以叫我刘导。我将带领大家去浏览气魄雄伟的长城。Let’s go!

朋友们，这就是长城，它是在公元前五世纪到前三世纪修建的。那时各国诸候为了互相防御和抵抗北方游牧民族的南下侵扰，在各自领地上修筑了防御用的城墙。秦始皇统一中国后，用三万多人力，十多年时间，把原来秦、赵、魏、燕、齐等国所筑的城墙加以修缮并且连接来。 现在我们通常说的万里长城是指明朝修建的西起甘肃省的嘉峪关，东到濒临渤海湾的河北山海关，中间主要关口有：山海关，嘉峪关，玉门关、居庸关、紫荆关，偏关，雁门关，平型关，娘子关，横亘七个盛市，全长六千七百多公里。万里长城工程坚固，气势雄伟，蜿蜓起伏，势若游龙，是中国最有价值的历史文物和旅游胜地。

呀，时间不早了，大家该吃午饭了。走，吃北京鸭去。因为俗话说：“不到长城非好汉，不吃烤鸭真遗憾。”在大家吃饭的同时，我给大家讲一个故事，故事是这样的：“传说在秦朝，有一个叫孟姜女的姑娘，

知书达理，伶俐非凡。她嫁给了苏州的范喜良。那年，秦始皇召集百万民夫修筑长城，范喜良也被抓去了。半年多过去了，已经是冬天了。孟姜女决心千里迢迢为丈夫送寒衣，到那里才知道丈夫已经死了，她便哭了起来，哭倒了好多里长城。无数具白骨暴露在长城脚下，孟姜女想：“即使见不到活的丈夫，也要把丈夫的尸骨带回去。”于是，她便用滴血认亲的方法找到了丈夫的尸骨。她正要起程回去，秦始皇又来了。他十分关心这个浩大的工程，听说有一个民妇前来寻夫，把长城哭倒了四十里，就决心处罚这个民女，但他见到孟姜女的美貌就起了邪念。孟姜女看秦始皇这么好色，对他更恨之入骨了。但又一想，不能和他硬拼，便强装笑脸对秦始皇说：“陛下如此看重小女子，小女子也愿意待奉陛下。不过要依我三件事才行。”“可以。”秦始皇说。“一、要在长城外边的大海上造一座长桥。二、要在我丈夫填城的地方修一座十里长，十里宽的大坟。三、你要亲自率领文武百官披麻戴孝。”秦始皇为了得到美女，都答应了。不久，这三件事都办好了。秦始皇要孟姜女回宫，但孟姜女却要陪她到长桥上浏览一番，秦始皇一听自然高兴，便与孟姜女上了长桥。走着走着，孟姜女忽然快步跑上前去，投江自尽了。

好了，故事讲完了。现在大家去长城上玩吧。但大家要注意以下几点：

1、 不要乱扔垃圾。

2、 不要在长城上乱刻乱画。

3、 注意安全。

4、 注意时间，只有两个小时。

时间过得真快，和大家说拜拜的时间到了。记住，我们的公司叫天马行空旅游公司，有空常来我们这里坐坐，别忘了请我给您做导游啊!Bye__ bye!

尊敬的先生们，女士们，小朋友们，你们好!我们将要游览的是壮丽的万里长城。我是你们的导游。万里长城是我国重点文物保护单位，在1987年12月被列入世界遗产名录，这是中国人的骄傲和自豪

毛主席说过:"不到长城非好汉。"是啊!长城是中国民族的象征，身为中华儿女怎么能不来游览一番呢。

古时候有孟姜女哭倒长城的动人传说:勤劳聪明的孟姜女为了寻找被官兵捉去修长城的丈夫，千里迢迢来到长城下，经过打听，却知丈夫已被活活累死!听到这晴天霹雳，孟姜女伤心地在长城下一连哭了三天三夜。只听"轰隆"一声，8百里长城倒下了。游客们，这是一个多么动人的故事啊!

万里长城凝结了千千万万劳动人民的血汗。是中华民族智慧的结晶。长城像巨龙盘旋在群山中，那磅礴的气势，闻名世界。

我们此时正站在八达岭长城上，踏着脚下的方砖，扶着墙上的条石。单看着数不清的条石，一块有两三千斤重，那时没有火车，汽车，没有起重机，就靠着无数的肩膀无数的手，一步一步地抬上着陡峭的山岭。游客们，看着这些，我们没有理由不想起古代修筑长城的劳动人民来。他们的智慧不得不让我们敬佩!

万里长城到处都是雄伟壮丽的景象，说也说不尽，下面就请大家慢慢游览吧!

Tianyige museum is a comprehensive museum with the characteristics of bookcollection culture and integration of social history and art, covering an areaof 26000 square meters. The environment is elegant, the garden is exquisite, thearchitecture is simple, rich in strong local characteristics. The overall layoutis composed of three functional areas: library culture area, garden leisure areaand exhibition area.

Tianyige library is the oldest existing private library in China and one ofthe three earliest existing private libraries in the world. It was built betweenthe 40th and 45th year of Jiajing reign of the Ming Dynasty (1561-1566 AD). Itwas originally the library of Fan Qin, the right servant of the Ming army. In1982, it was announced as a national key cultural relics protection unit by theState Council. There are nearly 300000 volumes of all kinds of ancient books inthe collection, including 80000 volumes of rare books, especially the localchronicles and imperial examination records of Ming Dynasty. In recent years,the cause of our museum has developed rapidly, with the addition of China LocalRecords collection, yintaidi official residence Museum, mahjong originexhibition hall, etc. More than 6730 volumes of Contemporary Local Chronicles atall levels are collected in the China Local Chronicles collection, accountingfor more than 80% of the total. Yintaidi museum displays the Home Furnishing Artand architectural art of the families of officials in the Qing Dynasty. It wonthe "Best Creativity Award for the top ten fine exhibitions of national museums"in 20__. The Museum of the origin of mahjong shows the origin of mahjong and itshistorical origin with Ningbo in three dimensions. Built in the 1920s, Qinsancestral hall is admired by tourists for its unique ancestral hall culture andexquisite folk crafts, and is listed in the fifth batch of national key culturalrelics protection units.

Tianyige museum holds all kinds of calligraphy and painting exhibitionsthroughout the year, and has made remarkable achievements in the construction ofspiritual civilization. Since 1996, it has won the title of provincial civilizedunit, and has been rated as the provincial patriotic education base, thedemonstration window of Ningbos professional style construction, the citysfirst-class greening unit and the citys top ten tourist attractions.

In the north of China, there lies a 6, 700-kilometer-long (4, 161-mile-long) ancient wall. Now well-known as the Great Wall of China, it starts at the Jiayuguan Pass of Gansu Province in the west and ends at the Shanhaiguan Pass of Hebei Province in the east. As one of the Eight Wonders in the world, the Great Wall of China has become the symbol of the Chinese nation and its culture. Lots of beautiful legends and stories about the Great Wall took place following along the construction, and since that time these stories have spread around the country.

Those that happened during construction are abundant, such as Meng Jiangnu‘s story and the legend of the Jiayuguan Pass. Meng Jiangnu‘s story is the most famous and widely spread of all the legends about the Great Wall. The story happened during the Qin Dynasty (221BC- 206BC). It tells of how Meng Jiangnu‘s bitter weeping made a section of the Great Wall collapse. Meng Jiangnu‘s husband Fan Qiliang was caught by federal officials and sent to build the Great Wall. Meng Jiangnu heard nothing from him after his departure, so she set out to look for him. Unfortunately, by the time she reached the great wall, she discovered that her husband had already died. Hearing the bad news, she cried her heart out. Her howl caused the collapse of a part of the Great Wall. This story indicates that the Great Wall is the production of tens of thousands of Chinese commoners. Another legend about the Jiayuguan Pass tells of a workman named Yi Kaizhan in the Ming Dynasty (1368BC-1644BC) who was proficient in arithmetic. He calculated that it would need 99, 999 bricks to build the Jiayuguan Pass. The supervisor did not believe him and said if they miscalculated by even one brick, then all the workmen would be punished to do hard work for three years. After the completion of the project, one brick was left behind the Xiwong city gate.

The supervisor was happy at the sight of the brick and ready to punish them. However Yi Kaizhan said with deliberation that the brick was put there by a supernatural being to fix the wall. A tiny move would cause the collapse of the wall. Therefore the brick was kept there and never moved. It can still be found there today on the tower of the Jiayuguan Pass.

Ladies and gentlemen, Yinchuan, a beautiful and rich oasis in Hetao area ofthe Yellow River, was the first one to be developed. In the Han Dynasty, themeasures of dredging canals and opening up farmland were carried out here, andwater conservancy projects such as Hanyan canal were built. In the Tang Dynasty,Yinchuan had the reputation of "south of the Yangtze River". Since the Ming andQing Dynasties, the folk saying of "the Yellow River enriches Ningxia" hasspread all over Jiuzhou. The ancient Dangxiang people have created a dazzlingXixia Culture here, and the industrious Hui people are constantly striving forself-improvement, showing colorful folk customs. Yinchuan is an important cityin the northwest border of China, the capital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,and one of the famous historical and cultural cities in China. It has a long andsplendid history, profound cultural heritage, endless stories and endlessbeautiful scenery. Today, lets go into Yinchuan and feel the magic charm ofthis ancient frontier fortress city!

Tourists, Yinchuan city is located in the Hetao Plain formed by thealluvial of the Yellow River, facing the Yellow River in the East, with flat andopen terrain; the Helan Mountain in the west, adjacent to the mountains of AlxaLeft Banner in Inner Mongolia; the Qingtongxia gorge in the South; and PingluoCounty in the North. The total area of the city is 3499 square kilometers, andthe urban area is 1277 square kilometers. It has jurisdiction over threecounty-level districts of urban area, new urban area and suburb, and twocounties of Yongning and Helan. According to statistics__ At the end of theyear, the citys total population was about 1039100. Yinchuan is a multi-ethnicarea, inhabiting 25 ethnic groups, such as Hui, Han, Manchu, Mongolian andKorean. It is also a city where the Hui population is concentrated, with about223100 Hui people.

It is said that a long time ago, seven sisters of Phoenix lived in thesouth of the Yangtze River, bringing happiness to people. Among them, theyoungest seven sisters came to Ningxia, where the land is thin and the peopleare poor, and opened a canal to divert water, bringing the scenery of the southof the Yangtze River. Later, in order to prevent the invasion of alien tribes,Fenghuang Qimei became a city to protect the people in Ningxia, which was laterYinchuan. Now, "Phoenix City" has become the reputation of Yinchuan.

Yinchuan is flat and open. The terrain trend is gradually inclined fromsouthwest to northeast. "Helan is the screen, the Yellow River is around, thefertile fields are thousands of miles, and the lakes are inlaid" is the featureof Yinchuan landform pattern. Yinchuan terrain is divided into mountain andplain. In the west is Helan Mountain, which forms a trapezoidal shape andgradually decreases from the south of quanqigou, with an altitude of 20__-2500meters. The main peak, aobaogeda, is 3556 meters. It is a natural barrier toprevent the cold air and sandstorm from driving into the northwest. In the Eastis the Yellow River alluvial plain. The Yellow River flows from 16 kilometerseast of Yinchuan city to 30 degrees south of the city to Shizuishan, with atransit length of 78.4 kilometers and a water surface of 124700 mu, forming avast and boundless alluvial plain of the Yellow River, in which there arehundreds of fertile fields, ditches, lush vegetation, scattered with hundreds oflakes and marshes, including the famous "72 Lian Lake". Since ancient times, ithas been the main agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry and fisheryproduction area.

Yinchuan is located in the middle temperate arid climate zone, whichbelongs to the middle temperate continental climate. The main features are: lessrain and snow, strong evaporation, sufficient sunshine, moderate heat, strongwind and sand; cold in winter, hot in summer, short and changeable in spring.Yinchuan is located in the northwest inland, far from the sea, coupled with adry climate, less rainfall and long sunshine, so most of the year is sunny.According to statistics, the annual sunshine time is 17.5 hours more than thatof "sunshine city" Lhasa.

The temperature difference between day and night in Yinchuan is very large,with an average daily temperature difference of 13.1-14.4 degrees in the wholeyear. This continental climate, coupled with the unique natural conditions, isvery suitable for the growth of all kinds of crops. It is easy to store thesugar content of melons and fruits, and the sugar content of melons and fruitsis 15% - 20% higher than that of Central Plains. According to the records ofshuijingzhu written by Li Daoyuan, a famous geographer in the Northern WeiDynasty, Yinchuan plain was called "Guocheng" as early as 1500 years ago. It isrich in peach, plum, apricot, jujube, apple, grape and watermelon. The fruit isbig, sweet, tender and colorful. Yinchuan has been planting rice for more than2100 years. After careful cultivation and improvement by the working people,Yinchuans rice has become a famous variety in China. The main food crops arewheat, buckwheat, white pea and so on. Vegetables are Ningxia cabbage, pepper,tomato, scallion. In addition, fern, seabuckthorn and honey are alsowell-known.

There are many soil types and diverse vegetation in Yinchuan area. Theforest covers an area of one million mu, half of which are plantations,including timber forest, shelter forest and fruit forest. With the developmentof afforestation and other greening projects, the forest area and greening areaare increasing year by year. In 1988, the State Council approved Helan Mountainas a national forest nature reserve with wildlife types. There are 183000 mu ofnatural secondary forest and 177 species of wildlife on the mountain, including16 species of rare animals under state protection.

Yinchuan is located in the north of the depression belt in the westernmargin of Ordos, with rich mineral resources. The mineral products stored in theHelanshan section of Yinchuan are mainly coal, hematite, limestone, dolomite,apatite, quartz sandstone, diabase, ceramic clay, etc., which provide favorableconditions for the development of metallurgy, chemical industry, buildingmaterials and other industries in Yinchuan, especially the high storage ofphosphate rock.

Yinchuan has a long history. As early as 20__ years ago in the period ofEmperor Wu of Han Dynasty, it was the habitat of Xiongnu, Xianbei and othernomadic peoples. With the development of the Yellow River irrigation area, somecastles have sprung up in Yinchuan plain. At that time, the castles, which werecalled Yinhan City, were the predecessor of Yinchuan city. Yinchuan county wasestablished in the northern and Southern Dynasties in the three years of Jiande(574), which was called Huaiyuan County. In 1020 ad, Li Deming, the leader ofDangxiang nationality, moved here and changed to Xingzhou. In 1038, the capitalof Xixia was established here, which lasted 189 years. After the change ofdynasties, it was renamed zhongxingfu, Ningxia, Ningxia Fu and Ningxia city. Itwas not until 1945 that Yinchuan city was established.

The term "Yinchuan" comes from the description of this section of theYellow River and its coastal plain irrigation area as "Yinchuan" in the lateMing Dynasty. This famous cultural city with a long history of more than 1000years is characterized by Xixia Culture. Xixia Mausoleum scenic spot is anational key scenic spot. Helan Mountain Nature Reserve is a national key naturereserve. Xixia mausoleum, baisikou twin pagoda and Haibao pagoda are the keycultural relics protection units in China. Yinchuan is one of the mostattractive cities in Western China because of its attractive water scenery,peculiar scenery of Saishang and colorful Hui customs.

Tourists, Yinchuan city is divided into three parts: the old city, the newcity and the new city. The old city was formerly Ningxia Fucheng in the QingDynasty, about 15 kilometers east of the Yellow River. Both the regionalgovernment and the Municipal Peoples government are located here. It is also acommercial district. The new city is located in the east of the railway station,7.5 kilometers away from the old city in the East. It was developed on the basisof the new Manchu city where Qianlong lived in the Qing Dynasty. After 1958, anew urban area was built on the vast desert grassland to the west of BaotouLanzhou railway. Once upon a time, in Yinchuan City, except for the drum tower,Yuhuangge, nanmenlou and other ancient buildings, most of them were low yellowmud Adobe houses. Nowadays, the ancient and new appearance of Yinchuan Citycomplement each other. Around those ancient buildings, there are many modernbuildings. At night, the lights are bright, the neon lights are flashing, andthe broad streets are full of light. When you enter Yinchuan, you can enjoy thebeauty of Ningxias unique tradition and the present. This ancient frontierfortress city is welcoming guests from all over the world with a newattitude.

各位游客，大家好，我叫方灵儿，很荣幸当你们的导游。今天，我带大家去观赏世界闻名的长城。

现在，我们的汽车到了长城脚下，请大家跟着我，千万不要走散了。长城像龙盘旋在山顶上，从东头的山海关到西头的嘉峪关，有一万三千多里长，以它的宏伟雄姿，闻名于世界。长城是由城关、城墙、敌台、烽火台构成的，是我国古代民族统治集团间的军事防御工程体系。

大家跟着我，现在我们到了八达岭上。长城高大坚固，是用长长的条石和城砖砌成的。长城很宽，像宽阔的马路，五六匹马可以并行。城墙上有成排的垛子，垛子上有瞭望口和射口，供瞭望和射击用。城墙上每隔三百米就有一座方形的堡垒，打仗的时候，城台之间可以互相呼应。

站在长城上往下望，原先的事物变得渺小了，也能看到更全面更广阔的画面了。看着祖国的锦绣河山，我心中涌起了浓浓的爱国之情，也更有了作为中国人的自豪感。

现在，游长城就到此为止，希望大家有时间再来。

Everybody is good! I am your tour guide, Duan Reyu, today Ill explain emei mountain scenery culture for everyone.

Emei mountain, mount emei in sichuan province in China, the highest peak 3099 meters above sea level, is a state-level scenic spot. Emeishan level field ridges, with beautiful natural scenery, rich buddhist culture, become people worship, sightseeing resort course.

Higher than that of emei mountains of guilin, show. Jinding emei mountain there are 10 g: such as "auspicious light" and "guitar frog play", etc. People also created many new landscape. Standing on the mountain, panoramic view of tsing yi jiang. Placed on the top of emei, true have "to see the mountains small" feeling.

In the emeishan plants growth, is the famous emei fir, frame nan, etc. Have a great variety of orchids, azaleas and so on, these plants to the all kinds of animals have created a natural paradise. Joy Shared with others especially emei mountain, has become a mount emei is famous for its unique landscape "live" in China and foreign countries.

Mount emei is one of Chinas four major buddhist shrine. The emeishan gradually become influence deeply buddhist holy land of China and the world. These rich buddhist culture heritage is a cultural treasure of the Chinese nation

Therefore are gems of library, known as "buddhist" seazan. Mount emei to legend behind one thousand, eternal charm.

The trip to mount emei has ended, and have the opportunity to you with your family come to visit mount emei beautiful natural scenery and the great rich buddhist culture.

大家好，我是本团的导游，大家可以叫我小李。很高兴能和你们一起游览八达岭长城，共度这段美好时光。

现在就让我来介绍长城吧!长城是我国伟大的历史遗产之一。它东起山海关，西到嘉峪关，全长一万三千多里。它是中国古代劳动人民血汗的结晶，也是中国古代文化的象征和中华民族的骄傲。

俗话说“不到长城非好汉”。今天我们每个人都将成为好汉。请大家低头看我们的脚下，建造长城的石块是多么的巨大和坚硬。长城很宽，可以供五六匹马并排通过。城墙两边有2米高的垛子，两个垛子之间是瞭望口和射击口。每隔300米就有一座烽火台，是打仗时传递信息用的。

大家休息一下，我给大家讲一个故事，叫《孟姜女哭长城》。孟姜女和范喜良结婚三天，范喜良就被抓走去修长城了。一走三年杳无音讯，孟姜女就千里迢迢到长城寻找丈夫。当她来到长城脚下得知丈夫为修长城劳累过度而死去。悲痛欲绝的孟姜女哭了三天三夜，突然坚固的长城倒塌了，范喜良的尸骨露了出来，最后孟姜女抱着心爱的丈夫投海自尽。这是一个多么感人的故事啊!这也说明长城是凝结了多少劳动人民的血汗啊!

好了，时间不早了，旅行快要结束了。大家买些纪念品，十分钟以后集合，希望以后有机会我们再次相聚游览祖国的大好河山。

Today we go to the old city of the sea, that is, the location of Yu Gardenand Yu Garden shopping malls.

Our car is driving on the Bund. On your left is the famous Huangpu River.Well be here later.

To save time, I would like to talk about Chinas gardens and Yu Gardenbefore I get to Yu Garden.

In China, gardens are divided into three categories: Royal Gardens, privategardens and temple gardens. Yu Garden belongs to private gardens. There are manyskills in Chinese garden, such as borrowing scenery, blocking scenery and so on.But they are all made up of four basic factors. The four factors are water,plants, architecture and rockery. Most of the private gardens are in the southof the Yangtze River, because there are many water sources and rocks suitablefor rockery. Yu Garden was built more than 400 years ago in the Ming Dynasty.The owner of the garden, whose surname is pan, is a senior official. He builtthe garden to please his parents and let them enjoy their old age. Therefore,the word "Yu" of Yu Garden takes the meaning of Yuyue. It is a pity that hisparents could finally see the death of Yu Garden. In the late Qing Dynasty, thepan family was weak, and their descendants sold the garden to local guilds.There is another reason why Yu Garden has become a place of interest. In 1853,an uprising broke out in Shanghai, and a hall in the garden was used as aheadquarters. Today Yu Garden is a must. So I suggest that we dont getseparated when we get there. Its better for us to stay together, OK?

This is the parking lot. In case someone gets separated, please rememberthat the last three digits of the train number are 121. I think its better notto do that. I will hold the little red flag, and you will all accompany Mr.Zhang to the rear of the hall. Are you ready? Lets go. Please pay attention toyour bike when you get off.

Ladies and gentlemen, this is the famous Jiuqu bridge. Why nine? Becauseits the highest number of Yang. Walk on the bridge and stay for a long time.You can also enjoy the scenery from different angles. Also, it is said thatghosts can only walk in a straight line, so you dont have to worry aboutmeeting ghosts.

In the middle of the bridge, there is a pavilion, which was built in theQing Dynasty and was converted into a teahouse about 80 years ago. Old peoplelike to come here in the morning, meet friends, make a pot of tea and chat.Generally, they drink a kind of green tea called "Longjing". This teahouse isalso a popular place for foreign leaders. For example, when Queen Elizabeth IIcame to Shanghai in 1986, she also visited teahouses for tea.

Indeed, its a pleasure to drink a pot here. Just imagine, one summer, youcome to a teahouse and sit by the window, overlooking the green pool full oflotus. There was a cool breeze in front of me. In the elegant sound of JiangnanSilk and bamboo, you bring up the purple clay pot and slowly sip a sip oflukewarm "Longjing" tea. Youll feel like a fairy.

Would you like a drink, too? Sorry, I still cant let you go. Lets make adecision after we finish Yu Garden, OK?

This is the entrance to Yu Garden. When you walk into a private garden,your sight will always be blocked by something, sometimes rockery, sometimes thewall. This is a skill of landscape architecture, which is called barrierlandscape. It doesnt let you know in a day, but let you see part of it, andthen achieve the effect of "step by step Jingyi".

This hall is called Yangshan hall. As we all know, Shanghai is located inan alluvial plain, with no mountains or forests. So this "mountain" refers tothe rockery opposite. It is 12 meters high and weighs 80 tons. It was, and is, amiracle. Because there was no cement or plaster of Paris more than 400 yearsago, people used cooked glutinous rice, alum and lime to stick the stonestogether. So far, Im safe and sound. See the pavilion on the top of themountain? 400 years ago, it was the highest point in Shanghai. From there youcan see fishing boats and sailboats on the Huangpu River, but these can only beseen in movies today. You can only see their heads moving up. Because thecircling paths are covered by trees and stones. This is really the masterpieceof Zhang Nanyang, a great horticultural master. It is also recognized as thebest rockery in the area.

Behind the rockery, there is a dragon wall. This is a special feature ofour garden. There are five dragon walls. This way, Ill take you to a placewhere you can see another Dragon Wall clearly.

Ladies and gentlemen, this is the dragon wall I just mentioned. Dragons areactually imaginary animals. We call ourselves the descendants of the dragon. Idont know if you have read Pearl Bucks Dragon seed. If you have seen it, thereare a lot of things here that you feel familiar with. Look at this dragon, youwill find that it is a complex of many animals. You see, its head is like a cow,its eyes are like shrimp, and its horns are like I dont think it looks like acow. We usually say that the horns are like deer, the body is like snake, thescales are like fish, and the claws are like chicken or eagle. Please tell mehow many toes you see. Three yes. But generally a dragon should have five toes.Why three? One of them is a story. Before, only the emperor and the royal familyhad dragon designs. Pan yunduan, the owner of the garden, uses a dragon as awall. He is ambitious. Somehow, when the emperor learned about it, he sentsomeone to investigate. When pan yunduan learned about it, he immediately madepeople knock off two toes. As soon as the officials arrived, the gardener said,"look, this is not a dragon, only three toes." What a smart man, or helldie.

Here we can see three stones. The one in the middle is called "yulinglong".Its not jade, but its very famous. Its called Taihu stone. Its appearance iseroded by water. It turned out to be a tribute to song Weizong. Song Weizongcollected many rare flowers and stones, which were called "huashigang". But howdid you come here? Originally, it was lost in Kyoto at that time. Many yearslater, it became a plaything for local officials and gentry. Later, he gave thestone to pan yunduan as a dowry because Pans brother married his daughter.Yulinglong is famous for its thin, transparent, wrinkled and leaky features. Ifyou pour water from top to bottom. Its 72 holes are like a waterfall; if youburn incense below, its 72 holes are misty and beautiful. The master of thegarden used to gaze at the stone for a long time. This is also one of thefunctions of the garden. A scene makes you meditate, and the result is thecombination of emotion and night.

This is the end of the Yu Garden tour. I hope the children will love it.Finally, you have to make a choice: tea or shopping. I think its a show ofhands. How many people want to taste tea? Ha, all of them want to go? What?Would I like to? To tell you the truth, thats just what I want. So what are wewaiting for? Lets go!

Suzhou is one of the areas with great influence on Buddhism in China.Chongyuan temple is a famous temple in Suzhou. Chongyuan temple, originallyknown as Chongxuan temple, was built in the second year of Tianjian, Emperor Wuof Liang Dynasty (A.D. 503). It was contemporaneous with Hanshan Temple, Lingyantemple and Baosheng temple. Xiao Yan, Emperor Wu of the Liang Dynasty, ruled thecountry with Buddhism, and for a time he was superior to others and worshippedBuddhism all over the country. Lu Seng Zan, an official living in the secondmile northwest of Changzhou county government, immediately invited emperor LiangWu to abandon his official residence and rebuild the temple, which was namedchongyun temple. Emperor Liang Wu gladly bestowed a plaque with the title of"Chongxuan temple in Guangde, Daliang". "Chongyun" is mistaken for "Chongxuan",which is an error in the process of copying and delivering memorials. ChongyuanTemple flourished until the middle Tang Dynasty.

In 842 ad, in the second year of Huichang of Wuzong in the late TangDynasty, the biggest "extermination of Buddhism" movement in Chinese historysuddenly broke out. The court persecuted and killed the monks cruelly. A largenumber of temples in Suzhou City were destroyed. Monks moved out of the city oneafter another, and some built new temples elsewhere. There is a new Chongyuantemple in Weiting Town, thirty miles away from Suzhou city. During the qianmiaoperiod (908-932 AD), the Chongyuan temple was repaired on a large scale. Therebuilt Chongyuan temple is still a giant temple. There are two earth mountainsin front of the temple, two different stones standing in front of the court, abronze statue of wuliangshou Buddha standing in the center, and 16 Arhatsstanding on both sides. There are five other hospitals.

Chongyuan temple was renamed Chengtian temple in Song Dynasty. During thereign of Xuanhe in Song Dynasty (1119-1125 AD), it was renamed "Nengren Temple"because the imperial court prohibited the temple, temple and bridge from beingnamed after "heaven, saint, emperor and King". From Yuan Dynasty to shun Dynasty(1330-1333), Chongyuan temple was destroyed by fire. During the reign of YuanZhizheng (1341-1368 AD), it was rebuilt by the Chu monk in Yuenan and restoredto a new level. At that time, in addition to the bronze statue of wuliangshouBuddha, there were pangou great saint temple, Lingyou temple and Wanfo Pavilion.In the Qing Dynasty, because of avoiding the taboo of Emperor Kangxi Xuanye,"Xuan" was changed to "Yuan", and the name of Chongyuan temple has been used upto now. Chongyuan temple was finally destroyed during the cultural revolution inthe 1970s. Poets such as Bai Juyi, Wei Yingwu, PI Rixiu, Lu guimeng and FanChengda all chanted it.

In November, in order to further implement the partys religious policy,build a socialist harmonious society, carry forward the traditional Buddhistculture, and meet the religious needs of Buddhist believers, the restoration andreconstruction of Chongyuan temple was approved by the peoples Government ofJiangsu Province, and the abbot of Hanshan Temple, Qiu Shuang, was also theabbot. On November 17, __X, the grand opening ceremony was held. The restorationand reconstruction of Chongyuan Temple fills the gap that there is no temple inthe east of the ancient city of Suzhou. After completion, Chongyuan temple hasbecome a beautiful scenic spot in Suzhou Industrial Park.

According to the five principles of "classics have basis, history hasinheritance, art has innovation, convenience has characteristics, and functionhas induction", the newly built Chongyuan temple has made careful planning.Chongyuan temple, which reappears in front of peoples eyes, covers an area ofmore than 300 mu and is located in the beautiful Yangcheng Lake peninsula. Thewater Guanyin Pavilion and the main temple area echo each other, showing thecharacteristics of the largest Guanyin Taoist temple in Jiangdong. The statue ofgreat mercy Guanyin in the Guanyin Pavilion is 33 meters high. It is made of 88tons of bronze. The surface of the statue is covered with gold. Its Dharmaappearance is extremely solemn. It is the highest indoor Guanyin in China.Besides the outdoor Guanyin in Emei Mountain, it is the second highest in China.There is the largest Mahatma hall in China. The first Sanskrit bell of the TangDynasty is suspended in the bell tower, and the largest copper cavity leatherdrum in China is placed in the drum tower. There are a large number of Buddhas,Bodhisattvas and Vajrayana in the temple, which reproduces the elegant demeanorof Chongyuan temple in that year, and makes it a Buddhist temple with threetreasures of Buddha, Dharma and monk.

Puji bridge, Lianhua Island, Guanyin Pavilion and liuguanyin Templeconstitute the pure land world, which is solemn and complete. Buddhistactivities should be prepared in time. It is an ideal place for believers tomake vows, repent and pray. In the Guanyin Pavilion, there are 9999 smallGuanyin that can be provided for. The dizang hall and nihongcangdian hall offermemorial tablets for the dead and the extended life for many years, andregularly hold Buddhist and Dharma meetings. Every year, the "global Chinesereunion" in the Mid Autumn Festival and the "head worship" in the SpringFestival are both large-scale activities that Chongyuan Temple strives to build,such as Li Ru FA, which are deeply praised by the majority of tourists andbelievers.

Reconstruction of Chongyuan Temple

In November, the general office of Jiangsu Provincial Peoples governmentand Suzhou Municipal Peoples Government approved the reconstruction ofChongyuan temple. The reconstructed Chongyuan temple is located in Chenyan Bay,Yangcheng Island, Weiting Town, Suzhou Industrial Park. The newly builtChongyuan temple will respect history, display culture, adjust measures to localconditions, make scientific and flexible planning and layout by using theexisting water network, vegetation and other topography, and try to retain thenatural landscape, so as to reflect the existing rural scenery andcharacteristic waterscape of the base. The planning layout is in line with theBuddhist concept and traditional habits, while taking into account the needs ofmodern Buddhist temples in educating the public, personnel training, Buddhistresearch and other uses.

The design and construction orientation of the whole project is thecombination of religion and tourism, history and reality, retro and innovation,environmental protection and development, culture and research. As the largesttemple complex in the south of the Yangtze River, Chongyuan Temple aims to beexcellent and pass down from generation to generation, providing a broader spacefor communication and development for the inheritance and development ofBuddhism and traditional culture and charity in Suzhou. The design of Chongyuantemple has a high starting point, ancient architectural form, novel creativity,and strong participation in architectural space. The reconstruction plan andconstruction of Chongyuan temple have achieved five principles: classics havebasis, history has inheritance, righteousness has innovation, convenience hascharacteristics, and function has induction.

The reconstructed Chongyuan temple covers an area of more than 300 mu. Thewhole project is divided into four parts: temple area, Guanyin island area,Buddhist Culture Park area and commercial area. Guanyin island will present thelargest 33 meter high Guanyin statue in China. After the reconstruction of theChongyuan temple, the water Guanyin temple, the Chongyuan Zen temple and thepharmacist tower echo each other, and cooperate with the Buddhist culturalattractions to build a Buddhist cultural area with the purpose of caring forlife and living and protecting Dharma, showing the characteristics of theGuanyin Taoist temple of the lotus Kingdom and the solemn unique style of TenThousand Buddhas.

Master Qiushuang, the abbot of Hanshan Temple, has officially moved intoChongyuan temple to carry out the construction of Buddhist legal affairs andBuddhist culture. According to master Qiu Shuang, Chongyuan temple will take"Zen and pure cultivation" as its main development idea, cultivate Buddhisttalents, and promote social harmony with charity. In the middle of September,Mr. Qiu Shuang and Mr. Wang Peng, chairman of Shanghai Tianyu Media Co., Ltd.shook hands to celebrate and formally signed the cooperation agreement on thecompletion ceremony of Chongyuan temple and the whole hall Buddha statueKaiguang Dharma Association project. "Charity is a social cause. Its developmentneeds a kind of social atmosphere, the support of citizens charityconsciousness and social charity values, and the formation of this atmosphereand support needs the guidance of charity publicity and the participation andpromotion of leaders at all levels." The great monk Qiu Shuang said that it isnecessary to stimulate the enthusiasm of all sectors of society to participatein charity by vigorously publicizing the model of charity among the people; itis necessary to stimulate the sense of social responsibility of enterprises andinstitutions to participate in charity and build a harmonious society byvigorously publicizing the model of enterprises and institutions participatingin and supporting charity. This is also one of the significance of thereconstruction of Chongyuan temple. To contribute to the construction of socialspiritual civilization. Moreover, the construction of Chongyuan temple hascreated some of the best in the south of the Yangtze River, one is the largesttemple group in the south of the Yangtze River, the other is the giant leatherdrum. The drum is made of bronze with a diameter of 2.19 meters of cowhide atboth ends. The height and width of the drum are 2.8 meters and it weighs 4 tons.It took more than 100 workers more than 4 months to make the drum, and theconstruction lasted more than 9 months.

Introduction to scenic spots

Entering the Chongyuan Temple scenic area, the first thing we see is the200 meter long Buddha Road. The stone murals of Amitabhas 48 great wishes areengraved on the north and south sides of the road. There are also seven sevenlotus praying pillars on the road of worshiping Buddha, each of which is carvedwith relief. The first six pillars show the six degrees of Buddhist practice,and the seventh pillar shows the scene of worshiping Buddha. The design conceptand construction method of the seven lotus praying column are unique toChongyuan temple.

At the end of the LIFO Avenue is an imitation ancient gate. The threecharacters of Chongyuan temple on the middle gate were written by Zhao Puchu,the late vice chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese peoplesPolitical Consultative Conference, President of the Chinese BuddhistAssociation, a famous poet and calligrapher. On the left and right city gates,"Jiangnan grand view, Xiao Liang relics" is written by Ji Xianlin, a famousmaster of Chinese culture and former vice president of Peking University.

Chongyuan Temple faces south from the north. In front of the three gates ofthe temple, there are two sutras engraved with the Sutra of Zunsheng on the topof the Buddha.

When you enter Chongyuan temple, the first thing you see is Tianwang hall.The plaque of Tianwang hall was inscribed by the late famous calligrapher Mr.Sha Menghai. Maitreya Buddha is in the middle of Tianwang hall, and WeituoBodhisattva is in the back, facing north. There are four heavenly kings on bothsides.

To the west of Tianwang hall is the drum tower. The plaque was inscribed byelder Jinghui, vice president of the Buddhist Association of China. The diameterof the drum hanging from the drum tower is 2.19 meters, which is the largestcopper cavity leather drum in the world.

To the east of the temple is the bell tower. The plaque was inscribed bythe former abbot of Hanshan Temple and the elder of the Dharma Master of HanshanTemple. The clock tower is about 12 tons in weight, 3.8 meters in height and2.19 meters in diameter. The sound of this bell is the first tone in the TangDynasty. The sound is powerful and thick, and the remaining sound is around theears. So the name of the big bell is "the first law of the Tang Dynasty, thefirst Sanskrit bell".

To the north of Tianwang hall is the release pool. There are three bridgeson the pond, namely Nengren bridge, wisdom bridge and Ford bridge. Nengrenbridge was inscribed by Feng Qiyong, a master of Chinese culture and an expertof Redology. Wisdom bridge and Ford bridge are inscribed by the abbot Qiu Shuangof Hanshan Temple and Chongyuan temple.

To the north of the release pool is a wide granite square. To the west ofthe square is the hall of Da Xing Pu Xian Bodhisattva. The plaque of PuxianBodhisattva hall was inscribed by elder Weixian, vice chairman of advisorycommittee of China Buddhist Association and President of Chongqing BuddhistAssociation.

To the east of the square is the great wisdom Manjusri Bodhisattva hall.The plaque of Manjusri temple was inscribed by elder Yicheng, the currentpresident of China Buddhist Association.

The main hall is in the middle of the square. The main hall is the mainbuilding of the temple and the main hall of the Buddhist temple. It is built ona high platform in the center of the central axis. The main hall of Chongyuantemple is 36 meters high and has a construction area of 2100 square meters. Itis the largest main hall in China. The hall is dedicated to Wang III Buddha. Thefour characters of "Da Xiong Bao Dian" were inscribed by the old president ZhaoPuchu, "supreme cool" is the handwriting of the modern eminent monk Hongyi, and"Hengshun sentient beings" is the handwriting of the modern Buddhist eminentmonk Dade Mingshan elder. There are eighteen Arhats on both sides of the mainhall. At the back of the main hall, there are group sculptures of Guanyin on theisland, which mainly tells the story of the good fortune boy 53 Shen. Guanyingroup sculptures on the island are made of traditional lacquer, with a totallength of 25.8 meters and a height of 12.2 meters. The group sculpture covers anarea of nearly 300 square meters, the largest in China.

There are two side halls in the north of the main hall. In the west is theBodhisattva Hall of the great wish. The plaque of dizang Bodhisattva hall waswritten by the great monk Mingxue, the current Vice President of China BuddhistAssociation and the abbot of lingyanshan temple in Suzhou.

On the east side is the hall of vainly hidden Bodhisattva. The plaque onthe hall of Bodhisattva in void is the handwriting of elder benhuan, a hundredyear old monk and a contemporary Zen master.

Walking out of Chongyuan temple, you can see the memorial archway of"Shuitian Buddha kingdom" inscribed by elder Mingshan. Then there is a 19 holeapproach bridge, called Puji bridge. It was written by elder Jue Guang,President of the Hong Kong Buddhist Association. After crossing this bridge, wecame to the lotus kingdom. The traditional copper forging process is used forthe side wall of the underground palace of Guanyin Pavilion. With a height of 46meters, Guanyin Pavilion is the highest water Guanyin Pavilion in China. Theplaque is the handwriting of elder benhuan. The 33 meter (total height) YangzhiAvalokitesvara in Guanyin Pavilion (26 meters high) is the highest indoorAvalokitesvara in China, with an area of 1160 square meters. At the same time,this bronze bodied Avalokitesvara is also the heaviest indoor Avalokitesvara inChina. The whole body is made of 80 tons of bronze and gilded. There are 9999small Guanyin statues 33 cm high cast from the same furnace of copper water.

In the east of the main hall, there is a Suzhai hall called Xiangjikitchen. There are 180 dining places in the hall on the first floor, servingplain noodles, dim sum and vegetarian food. There are 12 boxes on the secondfloor. Each box can accommodate 8 to 10 people. You can order dishes, set mealsor drink at will. There are 48 guest rooms on the east side of Tianwang hall,which can solve the accommodation problem of tourists. On the west side ofTianwang hall, there is a law logistics office, in which there are various kindsof Kaiguang law objects for you to choose.