长城导游词英语简短【精选20篇】

Welcome to Yueyang Tower, one of the three famous buildings in Jiangnan.Today, I will introduce Yueyang Tower to you as a super tour guide. My name isLuo Ganquan. You can call me Luo Dao or Xiao Luo.

Yueyang Tower is located on the Bank of Dongting Lake with beautifulscenery and long history. Fan Cuyan of Song Dynasty once wrote Yueyang Tower topraise Yueyang Tower.

Yueyang Tower is 21.35 meters high, with four columns and three floors. Itis a pure wood structure without a brick. There are four ridges on the eaves ofeach layer. The first ridge is decorated with lotus flowers and lotus pods, andthe head up is Phoenix; the second layer is the head up tap; the third layer isdecorated with rolled grass, and the head up is Huiwen Ruyi Xiangyun. The roofof Yueyang Tower, especially the helmet of ancient generals, is called helmettop. Because helmet top is very rare in ancient Chinese architecture, it is oneof the important factors that makes Yueyang Tower famous. The whole YueyangTower has made amazing achievements in aesthetics, architecture and technology,so it has enjoyed the reputation of "Yueyang World Tower" since ancienttimes.

In fact, Yueyang Tower is really famous in the world when fan Cuyan wroteYueyang Tower. In the fourth year of Qingli period, Teng Zijing was demoted tobe the magistrate of Yuezhou for being framed. As soon as he took office, he didthree major things: first, he built Yanhong dike to prevent the waves ofDongting Lake; second, he set up county school to cultivate talents; third, herebuilt Yueyang Tower. The scale of the rebuilt Yueyang Tower was verymagnificent, but Teng Zijing knew that it was not enough to rely on its grandeuralone. Teng Zijing immediately thought of Fan Zhongyan, who was the same as TengZijing. Fan Cuyan, like Teng Zijing, was demoted as the magistrate of Dengzhoubecause he was framed. Teng Ziren drew a picture of the autumn evening inDongting and wrote a letter of Qiuji to introduce the momentum and structure ofYueyang Tower. After reading it, Fan Zhongyan finally wrote the famous story ofYueyang Tower, in which "worry about the world first, and enjoy the world later"has become a famous sentence of reincarnation, inspiring generations of futuregenerations to work hard.

All right, everybody can go into the building now. Ladies and gentlemen,the first thing you can see here is Yueyang Tower, which is composed of 12pieces of red sandalwood. It is said that Teng Zijing was overjoyed when hereceived Yueyang Tower. He immediately asked Su Shunqin, the great calligrapherat that time, to write it and Shao song, the famous sculptor, to carve it on awooden plaque. As a result, "Lou, Ji, calligraphy, sculpture" is known as thefour unique. Its a pity that what we see now is not the "four unique plaque".It was destroyed in the fire as early as the reign of emperor Shenzong of theSong Dynasty. The Yueyang Tower here was written by Zhang Zhao, a greatcalligrapher and Minister of the Ministry of punishment in the Qianlong periodof the Qing Dynasty.

Thats all for me. Ill give you 15 minutes to take photos.

皆さん、こんにちは。西湖へ遊びに来てください。私はあなた達のガイドです。彭と申します。彭導と呼んでください。

西湖は浙江省杭州市の西部に位置し、中国の主な鑑賞性のある淡水湖です。西湖の三面は山に囲まれて、面積は約6.39平方キロメートルで、東西の広さは約2.8キロメートルで、南北の長さは約3.2キロメートルで、湖を一周すると15キロメートル近くになります。湖は孤山、白堤、蘇堤、楊公堤に分けられています。面積の大きさによって、外西湖、西里湖、北里湖、小南湖、岳湖の5つの水面に分けられています。蘇堤、白堤は水面に貫かれています。五湖の基本構造。今日は杭州の真珠の魅力を一緒に味わいましょう。

表門を入ると、西湖の蓮池が見えます。青々としたハスの葉が鮮やかな紅のハスの花を引き立てています。ハスの子が青々としたダンスのスカートを広げています。赤いオーバーが見えています。見てください。彼らはまた違ったダンスの姿を見せています。情熱は火のようで、空中ではすっかり媚びています。ある静かで上品で、赤いコートを黄色の舞衣に変えて、蓮の葉の後ろに座って、なまめかしく箏を弾いています。遠くを見ると、碧玉のような湖面が一望できます。遊覧船は湖面を流れてほとんど痕跡を残さない。西湖については美しい伝説があります。昔、天上の玉龍と金鳳は仙島で白い玉を見つけました。白玉の光はどこにありますか?緑の木があり、赤い花が咲きます。この事は王母の耳に伝わりました。彼女は天兵天将を派遣して玉を奪いに行きました。玉竜金鳳もビーズを求めに行きました。三人は奪い合いが発生しました。王母の手が緩むと、白玉は人間界に降りて西湖になりました。

観光車に乗ってください。私は皆さんに説明します。

皆さん、右の方を見てください。これは有名な三潭印月です。湖の中心には石塔があります。塔の頂は瓢箪のようです。塔の体は球形をしています。水面から二メートル高く、中空、環塔は五つの小さな丸い穴があります。中秋の夜、石塔には三十三の月が映っています。塔の中の30月、天上の1月、水の中の1月、心の中の1月、人を流れて帰ることを忘れさせます。

三潭印月は全部見ました。私たちは蘇堤に来ました。堤は六橋に分かれています。映波橋、橋梁、望山橋、堤橋、東浦橋、虹橋を渡ります。この橋の上の精巧で美しい模様を見て、あなた達に絶賛させますか?

私たちは蘇堤を見物し終わったら、終点の雷峰塔に着きます。この塔は雷の峰に築かれているので、この名前が付けられました。その8つの角は高くて、非常に光沢があります。赤、金、灰色の三色が映えて、人に普通の美感を描きます。はい、みんな自由行動で1時間、1時間後にここで会いましょう。文明的な観光客として環境を保護してください。

友達たち、今日の観光はもうすぐ終わります。西湖にいる間、皆様の心の中に永遠に存在してほしいです。

大家好!我是宝石旅行社的导游，我叫卢昊，大家可以叫我卢导。今天由我带大家去万里长城探究古代遗留文化遗产，观赏大自然的风景。

下面我来介绍一下长城：长城是世界闻名的奇迹之一，它像一条巨龙盘踞在中国北方辽阔的土地上，它是中国古代劳动人民血汗的结晶，也是中国古代文化的象征和中华民族的骄傲，中国坚固的长城还是以前军事家打仗时来防御外敌进攻抵档保护墙，现在高科技发达了，它也就永远失去了原有的功能作用，但作为伟大的建筑工程，它永远屹立在中华的大地上。在八达岭有毛主席的提词“不到长城非好汉”，还有孟姜女的故事，现在我给大家讲一下孟姜女的故事：古时候有孟姜女哭倒长城的动人传说，勤劳聪明的孟姜女为寻被官兵捉走的丈夫，来到长城下才打听到丈夫已被累死，于是孟姜女就在长城下哭了三天三夜，只听到轰隆一声，八百里长城倒塌了。这个故事很感人，也就这样被流传了下来。

我的介绍就这么多了，大家请不要穿高跟鞋上去，不要乱丢垃圾。

上饶是江西旅游资源大市和华东生态旅游强市,是一个清新自然、宁静甜美的绿色家园。上饶风景名胜众多，我在这里给大家简单介绍一下。

其中最负盛名的是中国道教名山三清山，20xx年被联合国教科文组织批准为“世界自然遗产”。 成为中国第七个、江西唯一一个世界自然遗产。三清山因玉京、玉虚、玉华三峰“如三清列坐其巅”而得名。是国家级风景名胜区。从三清山的名字上就可以看出，三清山这是一座道教名山，素有“江南第一仙峰”的美誉。

龟峰，属于典型的丹霞地貌。凡三十六峰，峰峰皆景，被明代大旅行家徐霞客赞为“江上龟峰天下稀”，又被游客誉为“天下盆景”。

婺源，存有大量古树古溶洞古建筑古文物的婺源，山青水碧，小桥流水，一派恬静的田园风光，游人誉为“中国最美的乡村”，是中国南方唯一的文化旅游示范县。

婺源特产丰盛。用四个字说就是“红、绿、黑、白“四色”特产，荷包红鲤鱼、绿茶、龙尾砚、江湾雪梨是婺源久负盛名。婺源有世界濒临绝迹鸟种——黄喉噪鹛，有世界最大的野生鸳鸯越冬栖息地——鸳鸯湖，然植被保存完好，

另外，上饶还有红色旅游景点：上饶集中营旧址、方志敏纪念馆暨闽浙皖赣革命根据地旧址管委会等红色旅游精品景区。”

应该说是造物主对这片土地的偏爱令人由衷赞叹造物的鬼斧神工。上饶的旅游资源红色、绿色、古色旅游都是非常的丰富，凭借这些优势，上饶的旅游业正在崛起，旅游设施不断完善，旅游经济蓬勃发展。

Shanhaiguan, also known as "Yuguan", is the starting point of the northeastend of the great wall of Ming Dynasty. It is located 15 kilometers northeast ofQinhuangdao City, and has the reputation of "the first pass in the world".Shanhaiguan scenic spot is a famous historical and cultural ancient city andsummer resort with many places of interest, beautiful scenery and pleasantclimate. There are more than 90 places of interest with development andornamental value in the area, forming six major scenic spots, namely "old dragonhead", "mengjiangnu Temple", "Jiaoshan", "the first pass in the world","Changshou mountain" and "Yansai Lake". Among them, the essence of Chinasancient the Great Wall is the the Great Wall of Shanhaiguan.

The East starting point of the great wall of Ming Dynasty is laolongtou,where the great wall meets with the sea, with blue sea and Jinsha, and the skyopens to the sea. The magnificent pass, known as "the first pass in the world",is towering. It is known as "pinghan in the capital and the throat of liaozuo".The great wall of Jiaoshan mountain is winding, with steep beacon towers andpicturesque scenery , attracting a lot of tourists. Meng Jiangnu temple is amoving story of Jiang Nus seeking husband, a Chinese folk legend. Chen Yun andhis poem praise that "the Great Wall is built by the sweat and blood of manyanonymous people. Experts and scholars have no way to verify it. Only ageneration of heroes with all names is a kind of glory in" half of the sky ".Xuanyang cave, the largest natural granite cave in northern China, is like aparadise with strange caves and rocks and gurgling springs. Yansai lake is abeautiful pearl outside the Great Wall.

Arrival and departure: Shanhaiguan District of Qinhuangdao city is locatedon the north coast of Bohai Sea, with convenient transportation. You can chooseto take a plane, train, bus or self driving to Shanhaiguan. Qinhuangdao airportis 15 kilometers away from Shanhaiguan, which is very convenient. You can takethe train directly to Shanhaiguan station, which is very convenient to get tothe scenic spot. If you choose to take a bus, you can also go directly toShanhaiguan bus station. Shanhaiguan is located in Qinhuangdao City, withconvenient transportation, but driving is not allowed in the scenic area.

No grand-looking in the world but the Qiantang River Tide on August18th."

The extraordinary surging tide of the Qiantang River is a world-renownednatural wonder caused by the gravitation of the celestial body, the centrifugalforce produced by the rotation of the earth and by the peculiar bottleneck shapeof the Hangzhou Bay.

To the east of Zheshan Hill on the south bank of Qiantang River, there areabout 500,000 mu reclaimed-land like a peninsula to keep off the river mouth, soas to make from the hill to the outside 12th section like a large-sized bottlewith a small mouth. It is easy for the tide to come, but difficult to ebb.Hangzhou Bays width is over 100km, but up to the outside 12th section isnarrowed only several kilometers. However, the river east part of the riverbedis sharply raised. In this way, it becomesthe riverbed high and water a little.As a great quantity from the Qiantang River mouth is reaching, the tide cannotbe raised equally due to narrowed-down river area. Then, it is

forced rear tides pushing front tides while the front tide is not fastenough, thus, one upon another, forming the most magnificent natural phenomenonin the world.

On the 18th day of the 8th month in the Chinese lunar calendar, hundredsand thousands of tourists from both abroad and at home would come here to watchQiantang Tide. A scholar in the history wrote: "The Tide comes in a little drumvoice just like a silk thread across the River at far-viewing while reachesnearby in thunder just like mountains."

People have been keeping the tradition of watching the Qiantang Bore sincethe Tang dynasty. During the Southern Song dynasty, the tradition was observedin an unparalleled way. On August 18 in the lunar calendar, the court arrangedmarine inspection ceremony while tide-watching and tide-teasing is going on.This date is said to be the birthday of the god of waves. With the lapse oftime, the tradition of tide-watching becomes a grand occasion. And the localpeople organize various kinds of festivals to celebrate it. When a tide-watchingfestival arrives, people come from all over the country and the world at largeto watch the wonderful natural wonder. Yanguan Town in Haining is the mostfamous site for watching the Qiantang Bore and in recent years, Xiaoshan inHangzhou comes to be regarded as another ideal place to witness the worldwonder.

Qiantang Tidal Bore is very dangerous and if you are not careful enough. Soyou should obey the order and arrangement of the policemen who try everything toensure your pleasant watching and your personal security.

各位游客：

大家好!欢迎来到八达岭景区观光旅游，我是你们的导游蔡王鲲，大家就叫我小蔡好了。 游客们，现在我们已经来到了著名的八达岭长城，向远处看，可以发现这里的长城分为南、北两峰，蜿蜒于山脊之上，气象万千，景色十分壮观。往下面看是有两个门洞和u字形的城墙。

我们往右下方看，在登城口的南侧陈列着一门大炮，名为“这时威大将军”。这门炮炮身长2。85米，口径105毫米，由于炮身上铸有“敕赐神威大将”而得名。

现在，大家可以拍照留念，半小时后在此集合。注意不要乱丢垃圾，

祝大家玩得愉快!

Good morning, all tourists. Im your guide on this day. You can call meXiao Wang or Wang Dao. On this day, we will go to Langya Mountain scenic spot inChuzhou. Master Chen is the driver of our trip. Because master Chen is theteacher of this tour, you can take his car safely. OK, now I wish you a happyjourney.

On this day, we visited Langya Mountain scenic spot. Before we went toLangya Mountain, some people must want to ask, "why is it called LangyaMountain?" in fact, Langya Mountain was called motouling in ancient times, butthere have always been different opinions about why it was named Langya. One isthat Sima Rui, the Langya king of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, once lived here andwas called Langya; the other is that Sima glaze, the king of the eastern Langyaof the Western Jin Dynasty, led several armies to destroy Wu on the way out, andSUN Hao, the Lord of Wu, surrendered here, so the mountain was calledLangya.

Langya Mountain was named National Forest Park in 1985 and national keyscenic spot by the State Council in 1988. In 20__, Langya Mountain was rated asone of the first 4A scenic spots by the National Tourism Administration. It wassaid that during the rebellion of the eight kings in the late Western JinDynasty, Sima Rui, the king of Langya, avoided the rebellion and came toChuzhou. After that, he crossed the Yangtze River to Nanjing and became thefounding emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He thought Chuzhou was his blessedland, so he gave this mountain the word Langya from Langya County in ShandongProvince Ridge. There are zuiwengting, yefangyuan, Langya temple, Shenxiu lakeand other scenic spots. Next, we will go to zuiwengting scenic spot.

All right, lets take a look at this side for a tourist friend. There aretwo springs there, alternating year round, and one spring flowing water, whichembodies the traditional virtue of modesty and comity that our Chinese nationhas long respected. So its called rang Chuen. There are many springs in LangyaMountain, and only 72 of them can name. These springs contain elementsbeneficial to human body. Therefore, many people in Chuzhou like to go to themountain with buckets to take spring water home for drinking, hoping to prolongtheir life. Now we come to the gate of zuiwongting, which is also called Oumen.There are three words of zuiwongting in the middle. Lets go inside and have alook at it. This drunken Pavilion is a hilltop style building with cornices andangles, reflecting the characteristics of ancient Chinese architecture. Thezuiwang Pavilion we see now is the representative of architecture in SongDynasty. The cornice angle is not only good-looking in appearance, but also haspractical value. The cantilevered eaves can release the force, which can notonly alleviate the force of rain washing on the roof, but also protect thefoundation from rain. There is a tea table in the middle of the pavilion. OuyangXiu handles government affairs in the pavilion, talks with guests, and recitespoems for Fu. ZUIWENG Pavilion is the first of the four famous pavilions inChina. Why do you say that? Because it was built in the Song Dynasty and has ahistory of more than 900 years, it is the oldest of the four famous pavilions.Everybody, I think you all know that the famous zuiwengting Pavilion comes fromOuyang Xius "zuiwengting Ji". Later, Su Shi, his proud brother, wrote"zuiwengting Ji" and carved it as a stone tablet. Now this stone tablet is stillthere. At the moment, this stone tablet is of great value! Lets go to see thisstone tablet!

Well, after seeing the ZUIWENG Pavilion, we continue our tour. Now we walkalong the Langya ancient road about 400 meters to Langya temple. At the moment,most of the buildings that visitors see are rebuilt in the 30th year of the QingDynasty. Langya Temple used to be called BAOYING temple until it was officiallynamed Langya temple in 1984. There are more than 80 scenic spots in Langyatemple. At the moment, the main hall, the Sutra Pavilion, the moon view andother scenic spots are available for viewing. I wont show you around one by onethere. Lets have a free tour. After 40 minutes, we will gather there and startour return journey.

Dear tourists, its time to say goodbye. This days tour is coming to anend. Im very glad that you all support and cooperate with my work. In thisshort time, I hope it will become your eternal memory. I hope you will have theopportunity to serve you next time. I wish you happy and smooth everyday in yourfuture life. Goodbye!

游客朋友们，大家好!欢迎大家来到我们莲花佛国――九华山旅游!下面呢我先向大家介绍一下我们九华山的大概。我们九华山位于安徽省池州市，是我们安徽省”两山一湖”黄金旅游区的主要景区。这里景色秀丽，古刹林立，与四川的峨眉山，山西的五台山，浙江的普陀山并称为我国的四大佛教名山。

我们的九华山呢其实原来并不叫九华山。在唐朝的时候叫九子山，因为九华山山峰秀丽，高出云层的山峰有九座，因此叫做九子山。天宝年间，诗仙李白曾两次到过此地，先后写下”妙有分二气，灵山开九华”，天河挂绿水，秀出九芙蓉”等千古佳句，九华山之名因此而得并且一直用到了今天。

九华山宗教活动历史悠久，道教最先在九华山发展，佛教更加兴盛。在唐朝开元年间，新罗国王子金乔觉航海东来，遍访名山，最后选在了我们的九华山修行。夜间露宿在山上的山洞里。渴了就喝山上的山泉水，饿了就吃山上的野生植物，黄精。最后在他99岁的时候圆寂。佛教界认为他生前苦行，圆寂后与佛经里所记载的地藏菩萨相合，尊为地藏菩萨应化，因他在未出家的时候姓金，所以大家都称为金地藏。九华山也就自此被辟为地藏菩萨的道场。唐代后，九华山佛教声明渐著，经过历朝历代的修葺，到清代全山寺院已经有150多座了。祗圆寺，东崖寺，百岁宫，甘露寺四大丛林，香火之盛甲天下。改革开放以后，古老的佛山旧貌重辉。现有寺院90多座，僧侣600多人。是一个特色鲜明和有重要影响的佛教圣地。

下面我们进入的是九华街景区，首先就看到一座石门坊是大理石雕刻而成，高9米，是仿清的徽派建筑。横额上镌刻着康熙皇帝御书的“九华圣境”四个大字。中门两柱南北下方雕有石狮。门坊端庄典雅。过了门坊呢下面大家看到的就是迎仙桥了，这座桥是修建于乾隆年间，是一座单孔石拱桥，在这里呢大家随我一起踏上这座古桥我们一起步入仙境之中!

朋友们看，过了桥正面就是祗园寺的大殿。祗园寺是国家重点寺院，规模是九华山四大丛林里最大的了。也是唯一的一座丛林寺院，由山门，天王殿，大雄宝殿，客堂，讲堂和藏经楼等十余座单体建筑组成，是典型的组合式建筑。它的山门偏离了大殿中轴线，大家知道这是为什么吗?因为啊歪置山门是颇有讲究的，一来呢是为了辟邪，二来是门向朝着开山祖寺化城寺。大雄宝殿琉璃碧瓦，飞檐翘角，地位十分突出。好了，现在我们游览下一个景点。

女士们、先生们：

大家好，欢迎您来清西陵观光游览，我是导游员__，旅途中您有什么意见和要求尽管提出来，我愿竭诚为您服务，我们今天的日程是这样为大家安排的：首先参观泰陵,中午到行宫就餐，下午参观崇陵。

泰 陵

清西陵是中国最后一个封建王朝—清朝的陵墓建筑群之一，位于北京西南125公里处的河北省易县境内。在800平方公里的陵区范围内，建有帝陵、后陵、妃园寝、王爷、公主、阿哥园寝等十四座，还有行宫、永福寺两处附属建筑及衙署营房遗址，品种齐全、布局合理。陵区内保存有古松一万五千余株，这些树不但美化了西陵，而且可以避免外界风沙的侵袭和热气、寒流的影响，为西陵营造了一个特别的小气候，使陵寝处于一个独立完整的自然环境之中，使这里的建筑，得以很好地保存。清西陵的历史、文化艺术价值极高，在20__年11月30日被联合国教科文组织列入了《世界遗产名录》，在20__年1月11日被国家旅游局评为首批4A景区。

清西陵中，雍正皇帝的泰陵建筑最早、规模最大，堪称首陵。这是一处清朝盛世时期遗存下来的古建群体，从它的选址、规划，布局都反映出当时国家的强盛以及政局的稳定，在建筑用料、工程技术，传统工艺等方面也都非常考究。

当代建筑学家讲，泰陵是一处典型的风水宝地的模式。站在大红门前五孔桥上环顾四周，可以看到，北面有连绵起伏的永宁山，为靠山，酷似屏障。永宁山是太行山的余脉，与东陵的昌瑞山属于同一脉系，此山从山西过来，如巨龙横卧中原;大红门两侧的东、西华盖山为天然门户;九龙、九凤山为环护左、右的低岭;南面形态端庄的元宝山，为泰陵的朝山;在中间广阔的平原上座落着泰陵辉宏壮丽，错落有致的建筑群。易水河从五孔桥下流过，形成山映于水，水扶于山的格局。“陵制与山水相称，天人合一”的宇宙观在这里充分体现出来，同时又展示出古代建筑学家巧夺天工的高超艺术。正如美国景观建筑学权威西蒙德先生所说的：“埃及人是在他自己预定的一条不能改变的需求道路上一直走到底，中国人在他的世界里独自徘徊时有友好的大自然来引导他拜谒上天和祖坟。所以没有任何一个地方，风景会真正成为建筑艺术材料。”

泰陵的建筑布局也非常考究，完全依照帝王生前所居宫廷格局，按礼制的需要而规划设计。以神道为中轴线贯穿南北，主体建筑安排在中轴线上，一律座北朝南;地宫座落在中轴线的末端，居中当阳，其余建筑沿中轴线次第排开。这些建筑都以准确的尺度，适宜的体量，斑斓的色彩，灵活巧妙的手法进行配制和空间组合，使陵寝的纪念性、礼制性主题有条不紊地展开并不断深化。

石牌坊是泰陵最具特色的建筑之一，泰陵设三架，无论是从数量还是排列形式上都独具一格。一架面南、两各东西，与北面的大红门形成一个宽敞的四合院。三架牌坊的大小、规制完全一样，均由66块大小石料，仿木卯榫结合而成，每架牌坊高12.75米，宽31.85米，为五间六柱十一楼造型，全部用巨大的青白石打造，各个部位还雕有丰富的纹饰，画面布局合理，造型生动，雕工细腻，玲珑剔透，生机盎然。这在中国历代帝王陵墓中尚属孤品。成为清西陵列入世界文化遗产最具有价值的建筑之一。

整个陵区注重对门的处理，门既可作为出入之用，也可截断空间界面。大红门是进入陵区的总门户，单檐庑殿顶，看上去质朴、凝重、敦实、稳重，视若腾龙偃卧，镇守陵前。两侧有42华里的风水墙，逶迤延展，包护陵区，愈发显出大红门的庄严气派。

具服殿独成一院，是供后代皇帝、后妃来谒陵祭祖时更换衣服的场所，沿续明代拂座殿而建，殿内有净房，类似于现在的洗手间，内有绣花墩马桶。而今为了方便游人，在净房的旁边建有一座水冲厕所。

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圣德神功碑楼是记述皇帝生平功德的主要建筑之一，俗称大碑楼，建成于1739年，花费白银十三万一千五百两。大碑楼占地5.54亩，高26.05米，四面辟门，为重檐九脊歇山顶，稳中有变，富丽典雅。它座落在方形广场的正中，四角各有一根高12米的华表相衬，使碑楼显得更加庄严、肃穆、雄伟、壮观。四根华表的柱身均用整块石料雕成，呈圆柱形，直径1.5米，周身浮雕着朵朵云团，一条巨龙于云朵间盘绕柱身扶摇而上，带有呼之欲出的动态感。华表也叫擎天柱，又称墓表。起源于远古时代，初为木质，为纳谏而设，又叫诽谤木。在陵墓神道上设华表，在西汉时期就很流行，是木质华表，石刻华表在东汉时盛行。华表装饰着象征皇权的云龙图纹，作为皇家建筑的特殊标志，衬托出主体建筑的高大，使其更加宏伟壮观。

碑楼内，矗立着两统巨大的石碑，每统碑重56.55吨，碑身阳面用满汉两种文字镌刻着雍正皇帝生前的丰功伟绩，大约五千字，这是一部给雍正歌功颂德的重要资料。

绕过碑楼，是一座七孔石拱桥，这是清西陵四十九座桥梁中最长的，长107米，宽21米。(栏板上是二十四节气望柱头，又称火焰望柱头。柱头上有二十四条阴刻线，代表二十四节气。因为有河才有桥，而河位于田野之中，大地与田野不可分，与二十四节气有一定的关系，耕种、浇灌都离不开二十四节气。)像这样巨大而完美的石桥在中国是不多见的。它对于建筑物的布局组合起着连接作用，使组合群的层次明显，过渡自然，紧凑而不松散，同时也显示出一种庄严肃穆的气氛。

走下七孔桥，可见在神路的两侧对称排列着的雕刻精美的石望柱、石狮、石象、石马、武将、文臣等五对石像生。

望柱为六角形石柱，柱身雕流云纹饰，底部为六角形的须弥座。在宋代以前，石望柱置于墓道的最前面，为主要建筑，因为明、清陵时石牌坊作为陵墓前主要建筑，所以石望柱退居次要位置，纯属装饰。

石像生是设置在陵墓前的由石人石兽组成的石雕群，来显示死者生前的地位，身份。泰陵原来并未安设石像生，乾隆登基后，认为陵寝不设石像生，与典制不符，想在此泰陵增设石像生，而臣工们(风水大师：高其悼、洪文澜)则坚持：“泰陵甬道，系随山川之形势盘旋修理，如设立石像生，不能依其丈尺，整齐安设，而甬路转旋之处，必有向背参差之所，则于风水地形，不宜安设”。所以泰陵不设石像生并非违备典制，而是与风水有关。乾隆建议将大红门，龙凤门向南展拓，于是臣工们尊旨赴现场审核了原有计划并向乾隆奏议：“大红门正在龙蟠虎踞之间，护北面随龙升这旺气，纳南面特朝环抱之水，前朝后拱，天心十道，时天造地设之门户，不便展拓向外，况石像生之设，古制未详，无大关典礼之处，似可毋庸添设”。一言九鼎的天子，面对臣工的据理力争，也无可奈何，于是在奏折上批道：“知道了”。此事不了了之。事隔几年，乾隆旧事重提，最终在1748年，大臣拗不过皇帝，在泰陵前安设了五对石像生，这样就失去了龙凤门横陈为底景的依托，而又失去了石像生拱卫迎候于门前，聚巧形而展示的效果。所以泰陵石像生在所有建筑中是一个败笔，但由于臣工们极端负责的态度与皇帝的据理力争，所以也未伤及大雅。

蜘蛛山是泰陵的案山，据刘敦祯先生讲，此山系人工所为，可这里原有一座小山，又往上放了一些施工中剩下的废料。那么案山在陵区究竟起什么作用呢?因风水讲，无朝案遮拦未免飘散生气，所以案山会使陵区生气发越。

通向宝顶的引导大道—神道在里突然拐弯，是因为中国古建筑讲：贵含蓄，忌直接。

后面的建筑不能直接尽收眼底，应该慢慢展开，所以当我们漫步于弯弯曲曲的神道上，就好像置身于意向深远的空间环境氛围之中。

龙凤门是一座雍容华贵的建筑，为庑殿顶火焰式石牌坊柱门，黄色琉璃瓦的看面墙，墙下有宽厚敦实的洁白色须弥座，构成丰富细致，色彩斑澜、华丽富贵的形体，整座龙凤门充满了动势。高低错落的轮廓线，挺拔的石柱上雕刻云板、云墩和蹲龙，横直如矢的大小额坊和顶部火焰宝珠，看面墙上云纹腾龙的花心和岔角牡丹花叶，墙顶蓝绿色三彩斗拱所撑托的金色琉璃庑殿顶等等，都给人以丰富多彩，引人入胜的感受。龙凤门的近形风姿与远视气魄巧妙溶汇，相登相生，出神入化，给人以丰富的视觉艺术感受，不愧是古代哲匠的精心杰作。

三孔桥虽没有七孔桥那么宏大，但工匠师们都把它建造的小巧玲珑，优美动人，将两侧的栏板用优雅的券形曲线组合。站在三孔桥上驻足观看，陵寝宫殿群在紫色的永宁山衬托下，同时向东西两翼逶迤延展，把一种统一性的内涵，一种非同凡响的稳重、宁静、庄严肃穆的气氛，充分体现出来。

三路九孔桥并肩横跨于最后一座马槽沟上，除自然形成的三条河以外，后两道是人工开凿而成，山陵环境质量的完善非常注重对水的处理。水对于大地来说为血脉，能够造就大自然的钟灵毓秀，使生气发越;水还可以界分空间，形成丰富的空间层次及谐和的环境组合，而且山水相得如方圆中之规矩，山水相济如堂室之门户。因此陵区所有随桥泊岸，酌量地势修理，不使浸湿地宫;修筑堤坎，而且也使水流弯环，免其激射有声，破坏宁静的山陵气氛。所以马槽沟弯如飘带，柔如轻纱，造成“来宜曲水向我，去宜盘旋顾恋”的水势。充分体现出水对帝穴的留恋之情。所以陵区一山一水皆有义，一草一木总关情。

神厨库是座东朝西的小院，内建神厨。神库和省牲亭等建筑，是祭祀时制作和存放各种肉食品的地方。

神道碑亭又称小碑楼，内矗立皇帝谥号碑，重檐歇山，黄色琉璃瓦覆顶，四角翘飞，形式与大碑楼相仿，但规模缩减了二分之一左右。内竖一统石碑，用满、汉、蒙三种文字刻写着雍正皇帝谥号。

东、西朝房是为祭祀准备奶茶和瓜果的地方，又叫茶膳房，是根据关外奶房，果房的遗制而制造的。

东、西班房均为布瓦卷棚顶，为值班房，也叫守护房。清代皇帝继位之后，便大兴土木，耗费大量的人力、物力、财力为之修陵筑墓。因而皇陵的保护便成为重要任务，这一任务由深受皇帝信任的八旗兵来担负。他们采用换班的方法沿着陵院外的更道昼夜巡逻。如阴雨天气可在值班房内躲避休息。

隆恩门是进入宫殿区的门户，是整个陵寝组合群引导建筑的结束与主体建筑的开始。两侧是宽厚高大的朱红围墙，把宫殿区的所有建筑包围起来，使其形成结构严谨的两层院落。

焚帛炉，又叫燎炉，是为皇帝祭祀时焚烧五色纸和金银锞的地方。炉高4米，单檐歇山顶，周身用黄琉璃瓦构件制成，炉基为须弥座。炉内四壁及上下均为铁板，下面是三个铁槽，顶部两角各有一出烟孔，底座下部两侧各有一扒灰口。整座建筑比例适中，色调合协，雍容华贵，精巧秀致。

东配殿是存放祝板和制帛的地方，同时又是临时存放神牌的地方。每当大修隆恩殿时，帝、后的神牌就移到这里安放，在维修期间如遇上祭祀，也在此进行。西配殿则是喇嘛念经的地方，每当帝、后忌辰大祭之日，由永福寺派十三名喇嘛到此念经，为死去的皇帝超度亡灵。

正面的隆恩殿是陵寝地面建筑中最重要的建筑，为祭祀的主要场所。整座建筑建在巨大的汉白玉基座上，面阔五间、进深三间，重檐歇山式建筑，黄色琉璃瓦盖顶，显得庄严肃穆。其建筑结构非常牢固，所有的木件全部采用卯榫对接形式，梁、柱、檀、椽结合不死板禁锢，有灵活移动的余地，具有很强的防震功能。在发生强烈地震时，榫卯之间具有活动性能，将外部力量缓冲分解，震后仍可恢复原位。因此雍正八年以来的多次地震和一九七六年的唐山大地震，都没使清西陵的大木结构受到显著破坏，充分显示了中国古代工匠高超的建筑水平。

三座门也叫琉璃花门，中门比较高大，两侧墙上有琉璃岔角花和中心花，檐端用琉璃斗拱装饰。这种门占地面积较小，看上去显得较厚重，图案丰富，雍容华贵，具有很好的艺术效果。而且材料非常坚硬，耐高湿，有一劳永逸之功效。两侧分别接卡墙。阻隔南北，使宫殿区形成两层院落。清代建筑学家，不仅注重陵区单体建筑的形象与外观，而且更注重了它们之间的关系，组群布局发展到了登峰造极的地步，这种组群布局的实现依靠门户和墙体，将各单体建筑有效地组合分割，形成一个个院落，并将院落形成复杂的整体给人“庭院深深深几许”的意境。

二柱门横跨神道，石柱上架额坊，建筑形式为斗拱夹山顶。作为方城明楼的屏障。清朝前五代皇帝陵寝都在三座门以后建二柱门，自道光以后则裁撤，因为建筑中缩短了三座门与方城明楼之间的距离。

石五供是一组象征永久性祭祀的供品。基座是由三块巨石雕成的须弥座，这是我国传统建筑的台基样式，上面刻有八仙、八宝、八卦、琴棋书画等图案，所有这些都象征着吉祥如意，对研究中国古代的雕刻艺术有很好的参考价值。明楼属于纪念性的建筑物，高高地耸立在方城之上，使人置身于仰崇桥山的氛围之中，它与朱红色的墙体、金黄色的瓦顶与湛蓝的天空构成了一幅绚丽的画卷。

当我们踏上明楼在向南方远眺时，心中升起一种无比自豪的感觉。正前方五里之外的东西华盖山，九龙九凤山形成的自然门户，郁郁葱葱的古松树弥漫于30里内外，座座殿宇、桥梁、门房、树木山川疏密相间，错落有致，气势北京的故宫、颐和园、承德的避暑山庄，明十三陵大有过之无不及。清陵在中国建筑史上留下了辉煌的一页，是中华民族的骄傲，是世界人民的骄傲，所以英国著名科学家里约瑟说：“皇陵在中国建筑制式上是一重大成就，它整个图案的内容也许就是整个建筑部分与风景艺术相结合的最伟大的例子”。雍正在选定易州境内天平峪时，说这里是：“乾坤聚秀之区，阴阳合会之所，龙穴砂石，无美不收，形势理气，诸吉咸备”的风水宝地。而历经180年，十四座陵寝完工以后，自然景观又加之人文景观，就形成了：“山自太行来，巍峨耸拔，脉秀力丰，峻岭崇岗，远拱于外，灵岩翠岫，环卫其间，迄下山岗无数，如手之有指，每两岗之平坦开拓处诸陵在焉，花之瓣，笋之箨，层层包护”，的人间胜境，是“龙蟠风翥，源远流长，左右回环，前后拱卫，实如金城玉笋的秀美风光”。

朋友们，到次为止，西陵的参观就告一段落，谢谢大家的合作，请您留下宝贵的意见，真诚的欢迎您的再次光临，祝大家归途愉快，再见!

昌 陵

昌陵位于泰陵西侧1公里处，葬有嘉庆皇帝和孝淑睿皇后，自1796年开始修建到1803年峻工，距今已有190多年的历史。

昌陵是东、西陵中较有特色的一座，是研究清代陵寝制度不可多得的实物见证。在清代所有陵寝中昌陵是唯一一处由太上皇选定的陵址。1796年，乾隆在当满了60年皇帝之后，履行自己继位之初的诺言，让位于嘉庆，自己当上了名副其实的太上皇，并根据自己曾有谕旨：“嗣后吉地，各依昭穆次序;在东、西陵界内分建”。把自己在泰陵西侧1公里处选定的陵址赐给了儿子嘉庆。这对嘉庆来说是一种莫大的殊荣，同时也体现出太上皇的威严。

嘉庆皇帝是清朝入关后第五代皇帝，为乾隆的第十五子，37岁继承皇帝位，但仍由乾隆皇帝训政。嘉庆四年，太上皇驾崩，此时40岁的嘉庆才有了实权，而大清帝国也已从鼎盛的巅峰跌落下来，开始走下坡路。当时清王朝已危机四伏，内创累累。嘉庆皇帝在这种情况下，能够励精图治，革除弊政，全力维持祖宗留下的基业。但却墨守成规，遵循守旧，所以一生中没有什么特殊的政绩，昌陵正是在这样的背景下建造起来的。

尽管如此，昌陵的建筑规模与规制仍能与泰陵相媲美，除没有石牌坊、大红门、具服殿和七孔桥外，其它建筑的种类与式样均等同。而宝顶比泰陵宝顶还要高出数尺，圣德神功碑楼与隆恩殿也比泰陵的更为壮观。

昌陵隆恩殿的地面更独具特色，全部采用珍贵的紫花石铺墁。紫花石，产于河南，每块62厘米见方，呈正方形，磨光烫蜡，不滑不涩，缝细如线，平亮如砥，石面呈黄色，缀以天然形成的紫色花纹图案。其状如竹笋、似春蚕、若芙蓉、像绒球，千姿百态，在阳光照耀下，似满堂宝石，熠熠生辉，令人叹为观止，所以昌陵有“满堂宝石”之称。

隆恩殿内东暖阁的佛楼仍保持着当初的模样，其它各帝陵隆恩殿的佛楼，经过战争的毁坏，只剩下空间，唯独这座佛楼至今整体完好。佛楼分下、下两层，上层有木雕垂花，精湛优美，涂金闪亮;下层有木制边饰，朱红底色，鲜丽耀眼。按清代建陵规制，东暖阁均为佛楼，佛龛里供奉着金、银、玉、翠的佛像。

据现存的“雷氏图纸”中考证，昌陵地宫结构比泰陵还要宏大，雕刻也十分精美，为“四门九券”，且有佛像经文雕刻。与现已开放的清东陵境内乾隆的裕陵地宫规模装饰相近。而裕陵地宫为现已考证的清帝陵地宫中最为壮观、珍贵的一座，既是一座不可多得的石雕艺术宝库，又是一座庄严肃穆的地下佛堂。同样昌陵地宫也具有诱人的魅力，券顶外的宝顶封土内也有石雕，其结构造型与陵寝宫殿的瓦脊、勾滴等相同，先按地面建筑的要求营造好地宫，然后再覆土掩埋。形成清代皇帝陵寝地宫结构中独具特色的风格。

慕 陵

慕陵位于陵区的最西端，始建于一八三一年，完工于一八三五年，内葬道光皇帝及孝穆、孝全、孝慎三个皇后。慕陵建筑面积虽没有泰陵那样广阔，建筑也不如泰陵那样宏伟，布局更不如泰陵那样完善，但它那别出新裁的设计以及独特的建筑手法，却成为清代帝王陵寝中绝无仅有的艺术珍品。

按照乾隆开创的父、子分葬，选定东、西的“兆葬之制”，道光皇帝应该在清东陵境内选选址建陵，所以道光于1821年即位后，花费了七年的时间在东陵的宝华峪营建了陵墓，但后因施工质量问题，造成地宫浸水。于是道光皇帝便下令拆掉原陵，又于1831年来西陵祭祖之际亲自选定了一块高平之地—龙泉峪作为自己的万年吉地，第二次营建了陵墓。

这次建陵，道光皇帝一改其它帝陵的建筑特点，裁撤了石像生、圣德神功碑楼、方城明楼等项建筑，而且主体建筑的三大殿全部采用昂贵的金丝楠木制作，不施彩绘，保持了木本色。外面烫蜡。虽看起来不是那么富丽堂皇，但却赋予人们古朴，典雅的感觉。最令人惊叹的是在三座殿的门窗膈扇、梁柱、雀替、天花、藻井上布满了形态各异的木雕龙，尤其天花板上都以高浮雕的手法制成向下府视的龙头，有的地方还采用高出平面半尺有余的透雕手法。走进殿内，举目上望，但见龙头济口，张口鼓腮，栩栩如生。整个雕刻构思严谨，线条流畅，刀法娴熟，制作精巧，形象生动，充满着详和气氛，成为稀世珍品。使人仿佛来到了一座雕龙博物馆，难怪有人说：“慕陵是座雕刻艺术的殿堂”。

隆恩殿后面的三座门由一架天然汉白玉石牌坊代替，牌坊正中刻有“慕陵”二字，背面刻有道光皇帝亲笔诛谕：“敬瞻东北，永慕无穷，云山密尔。呜呼!其慕与慕也”。依清朝规制，帝、后陵名一般由后继皇帝钦定，但是慕陵名称却是道光皇帝生前亲自默定。道光十五年，他来西陵谒陵，顺便阅视了正在修建的陵寝工程，并赴隆恩殿至孝穆、孝慎梓宫前奠酒，而后立于月台上，仰望东北方感慨地写下了这道诛谕。道光驾崩后，咸丰即位，重读诛谕，见“其慕与慕也”一句，便心领神会，于是立刻命雕工把“慕陵”二字雕于牌坊之上。

无论从规划布局，还是建筑风格方面，慕陵处处体它的独到之处，成为清朝入关后皇帝陵寝建筑中的珍品。

崇 陵

崇陵是中国封建皇帝最后一座陵墓，始建于1909年，完工于1915年，内葬光绪皇帝和孝定景皇后。

崇陵工程是在光绪皇帝死后第二年才开始修建的，这与清朝建陵典制完全不符，大清皇帝在承袭了明代陵墓制度的同时，又不断完善陵寝制度，不仅活着的时候讲究安逸奢侈，而且死后在建筑陵寝上也要表示出至高无尚的尊贵地位。所以生前就选好陵址，并建好陵墓。

据考证，崇陵陵址是在光绪十三年(1887年)选定并定陵名，但由于当时的清王朝国库空虚，外债累累，加之光绪和慈禧之间形成了尖锐的矛盾和斗争，陵寝的营建就不可能了。直到1909年，光绪死后第二年，崇陵工程才开始动工修建，其间又值1911年辛亥革命爆发，工程被迫停止。1912年，末代皇帝溥仪向民国宣布退位时，向民国政府提出了八项优待皇室条件，其中第五条要求：“德宗崇陵未完工程，如制妥修。其奉安典礼仍如旧制，所有实用经费均由中华民国支付”。1913年春，民国政府根据这一条件，经协商之后立即拨款，并于1915年全部完工。

崇陵在建筑规模上比其它帝陵均小，没有大碑楼、石像生、二柱门等项建筑，但基本上沿袭了明、清两朝的陵寝制度，并集清代各陵的建筑经验于一体，采用先进的建筑技术，用料考究，主要建筑的三大殿全部采用质地坚硬的铜藻、铁藻木料构成，素有“铜梁铁柱”之称。隆恩殿内的四根明柱采用沥粉贴金盘龙装饰，为皇帝陵中的独到之处。檐下增设了通风孔，可使殿内空气流通，以防木料腐朽。就其建筑群体而论，设有较完备的排水系统，宫殿四角设有散水坡，便于雨水的排放。明楼与三座门前分别挖砌了御带河，地宫内凿有十四个漏水眼与之相通，为地宫排水之用。

崇陵虽建于清末民初，但建筑规制仍宏伟壮观。在众多的建筑物中，地宫工程最为浩大，崇陵地宫如同其它帝陵的地宫一样，为拱券式石结构建筑，共有四门九券。墓道全长63.19米，面积349.95米，空间2170.65立方米。四道石门是地宫的重要组成部分，每扇石门上浮雕菩萨立像一尊，佛像大小与真人差不多，各个头戴佛冠，身披伽裟，足蹬莲花座，手持法器，分别代表力量、智慧、愿望、富贵等。过了四道门便是地宫九券中最大的一个券—金券，这里是地宫的主体建筑，高大宽敝，内有宝床，上面安放着皇帝、皇后的梓宫。

1938年，一伙不明身份的军人盗掘了崇陵地宫，1980年由政府将其清理并对外开放。虽然崇陵地宫没有乾隆的裕陵地宫那样规模宏大，雕刻精美，但它却成为研究晚清皇帝陵寝地宫规制的实物见证。

昌西陵

在清西陵境内共有三座皇后陵，分别为泰东陵、昌西陵和慕东陵，其中泰东陵，无论从规模、规制上都是清代后陵中的姣姣者，而昌西陵在这些方面却无法与之媲美，但它却形成了自己独到的建筑风格。在中国古建筑中只有两处回音壁，一处是天坛，而另一处以是昌西陵。

昌西陵始建于1851年，完工于1853年，内葬嘉庆的孝和睿皇后，清朝从康熙初期开始，皇后薨于皇帝之后，便另选陵址，不再合葬帝陵地宫，而且陵寝不再另立陵名，而按皇帝陵寝所处方位而定，因其陵寝在昌陵西侧，所以定陵名为昌西陵。

与其它皇后陵寝比起来，昌西陵的规制大为缩减。主要裁撤了方城明楼，缩减了隆恩殿和配殿的规制，隆恩殿由重檐歇山顶，面阔五间，改为单檐歇山，面阔五间，并裁撤了大殿及月台周围的石栏杆，不设丹陛石，配殿由五间改为三间。隆恩门也由五间改为三间，陵寝门的两个角门由带门楼改为随墙门，与妃园寝的园寝门一样。

尽管昌西陵规制大为缩减，较前代皇后陵大为逊色，但也有其独特和值得称道的地方。

昌西陵有回音壁。和其它陵寝一样，昌西陵后围墙也是弧形墙在陵寝建筑中叫罗圈墙，就可听到很大的回声，其形式和原理与北京天坛的回音壁一样，因此人们把昌西陵的罗圈墙也称作回音壁。

除回音壁以外，这里还有一块回音石，那就是宝顶前面倒数第七块条石。站在这块石头上讲话，就能听到比原声大十倍或数十倍的回声，所以人们称它为回音石，这种奇特的回音壁和回音石现象的出现，是声学原理和古代建筑形式的巧合。声波的波长肯定小于围墙半径，声波以束状沿墙连续反射前进，使声音像打电话般清晰地传到对方耳中。

正是由于昌西陵的独到的建筑风格，使它对游人产生了无可替代的魅力，同时也对研究古代建筑提供了不可多得的实物例证。

不难看出，清西陵是一部清朝历史的写照，体现了中国历代帝王陵寝的最高水准，更是一部精美的艺术杰作，座座陵寝都反映出清朝的历史文化，建筑文化，生态文化和风水文化。成为自然环境与陵寝建筑相结合的最伟大的例子。

朋友们，我们今天的旅游到此结束了，谢谢大家的合作，请您留下宝贵的意见，真诚的欢迎您的再次光临，祝大家归途愉快，再见!

Everybody is good!

My name is Han Jiexin, lets shanxi museum silk taeniasis and the road a little announcer of the courtyard. Today I showed you are a beautiful silk taeniasis and tour, I hope my service can make you satisfied. The first natural kind, natural explanation.

You may know, silk sash from shanxi datong road, has been to extend to Rome, the whole road passed in over 20 countries, it may be the worlds most long trade route. Ill introduce you to a squat run copper, the warriors of the cultural relics in 475 BC to 221 BC during the warring states period. Those high 40. 6 cm, and the time is in 1938, the site is xinyuan county 巩乃斯 henan now in xinjiang uygur autonomous region museum. To write the historical value or historical significance.

A mysterious ancient loulan city before, China has been used to the eastern jin period. Around the 4th century AD loulan ancient mysterious disappeared, never appeared in the Chinese history, loulan people go to which, has always been a mystery? Explanation scope are very attractive.

Next, I tell you some of the old Stone Age, the stone hit method has pounded, touch the anvil, ZaJi method. Dressing technology are: soft lamented, pressure stripping method, the indirect method, and so on. What are the typical stone to explain here.

Today I service for you will come to an end. My name is Han Jiexin, hope you remember me. Thank you for your support and cooperation! Thank you again!

各位游客们：

大家好!我姓张，大家可以叫我张导。今天我带着大家去参观气魄雄伟的万里长城。

毛泽东曾经说过：“不到长城非好汉”。今天我们为什么不上去游览一下呢?好!我们现在就去当好汉!登上那前不见头，后不见尾的万里长城。

关于长城，有一个动人的故事，传说孟姜女的丈夫被捉去修建万里长城，后来孟姜女又苦苦寻找丈夫，可谁知孟姜女一打听才知道，自己的丈夫活活累死在了万里长城的脚下。听到这个消息后，孟姜女在长城脚下哭了三天三夜，只听“轰隆”一声城墙倒了，才看到了丈夫的尸体!

现在，我们已经站在八达岭上，踏着脚下的方砖，扶着墙上的条石，很自然的想起长城是怎样筑成的。游客们，单看这些数不清的条石，一块足够有两三千斤重，当时，也没有起重机、吊车、铲车，就靠着无数个肩膀，无数双手，一步一步抬上这陡峭的山岭。

好了，长城的美景我说也说不完，现在就请大家好好欣赏长城的美景吧!

Nanshan park is located in Nanshan of Xining City, with beautiful scenery,which is a good place for leisure and sightseeing.

The south mountain of Xining is also called Fenghuang mountain. There is apavilion on the mountain, which is called Fenghuang Pavilion. There is a banneron the pavilion, which reads "Hehuang Yinfeng". It is said that there was aphoenix flying on it when it was in Nanliang, so it was named Fenghuang terrace.This is similar to the popular saying that "dragon is in Changning and unicornis in suiqiang" at that time. However, "Fengtai Liuyun", one of the eightancient sceneries in Xining, has become one of the most famous sceneries inXining.

According to the record in Xining Fu Xinzhi · geographer: "Nanshan Snowdoes not disappear in winter and summer. It rises above the mountains like asilver screen. It is also called snow mountain. It is commonly known as "Nanshansnow, one of the eight sceneries". Climbing to the top is like being in thepalace of heaven, with blue clouds overhead and crystal clear ice under yourfeet. The climate of Nanshan is changeable.

In summer, you can go to Nanshan park to enjoy "Nanshan snow". Its reallya unique scenery. A vein of high mountains, cut into two sections, belong to twoworlds: one is blue under the snow line, and the other is covered with silver onthe snow line.

With Picea crassifolia, Sabina przewalskii, Pinus tabulaeformis, Populuscathayana and elm trees as the main parts, it forms a workers forest landscape.In midsummer, it is green and lush, the air is fresh and humid, and birds aresinging. Visitors enjoy the endless fun of returning to nature. In the hundredflower garden in the central area of Gongzhong, dozens of high original nameflowers, mainly peonies, are in full bloom. The fragrance is dancing andcolorful, forming another world completely different from the forest landscape.The newly built multicolored waterfall has become a unique waterfront in Xining.In the northwest of the park, there is a small hill with a platform calledPhoenix Terrace. It is said that a pair of Golden Phoenix once flew down hereand got its name. The altitude is 2419 meters. During the Double Ninth Festivalon September 9 of the lunar calendar, people climb the Phoenix Terrace one afteranother to overlook one of the eight ancient sceneries of Xining. There is now aPhoenix Pavilion on the Phoenix Terrace, which is a two-story pavilion with adiameter of 24 meters and a height of 23 meters. The ridge of the pavilion isdecorated with Malachite blue glazed tiles and the top of the floor. The wallsof the pavilion are painted and the exquisite stone carving art buildings aremagnificent. When you climb the pavilion, you can have a birds-eye view of theancient city on the plateau, and you can recall the past and the present. Thereis an ancient temple at the foot of Fenghuang mountain, Nanchan temple, whichwas built in the Ming Dynasty. It has a long history and has ancient buildings.Many faithful men and women come here to pray for God and worship Buddha. It hasbecome a cultural landscape near Nanshan park. The park has catering andcultural and recreational facilities.

列位密斯们、老师们各人早上好：

很侥幸能当你们导游，我叫徐昕，各人可以叫我徐导，假如各人有什么题目，可以来问我。

我们这次去的景点就是长城了。

各人看，我们本日去的天下闻名遗产之一长城像不像一条龙?他在崇山峻岭之间蜿蜒回旋，我们此刻站在山脚下，你们看上去，也许只有几千多里，现实上，他有一万三千多里。我们此刻登上去看一看吧!各人来看，何等气派宏伟的长城展此刻了我们的面前，瞧!我们脚下踏着的就是方砖，此刻让我们来扶着墙上的条石，走一段路，各人感受到了什么?对，早年的劳感人民何等辛勤，她们把本身的伶俐和血汗都献给了长城，我们必然要好好珍惜此刻的长城，长城是用庞大的条石和城砖筑成的。城墙外沿有两米多高的成排的垛子，垛子上有方形的了望口和射口，供了望和射击用的，城墙顶上，每隔三百多里就有一座方形的城台，是屯兵的碉堡。

各人知道关于八达岭的故事和长城的传说吗?八达岭的谁人故事的标题叫《狼烟戏诸侯》：周朝有个国君叫周幽王，他有个美男叫褒姒，她的性情很怪，老是不笑，幽王就想步伐。于是，他点燃了求救信号(狼烟)，功效，引得诸侯白来一趟，可褒姒却哈哈大笑，幽王也很开心。然则，真有仇人来袭击的时辰，幽王点燃了狼烟，却不见人来，幽王就被仇人杀死了。

长城的传说也很好听，名叫《孟姜女哭长城》：孟姜女哭长城的故事，是我国古代闻名的民间传说，它以戏剧、歌谣、诗文、说唱等情势，普及传播，可胃家喻户晓。相传秦始皇时劳役沉重，青年男女范喜良、孟姜女新婚三天，新郎就被迫出发修筑长城，不久因饥寒劳顿而死，尸骸被埋在长城墙下。孟姜女身背寒衣，含辛茹苦，万里寻夫来到长城边，获得的却是老公的噩耗。她痛哭城下，三日三夜不止，城为之崩裂，暴露范喜良尸骨，孟姜女于绝望之中投海而死。以后，山海关被后人以为是“孟姜女哭长城”之地，并在哪里盖了孟姜女庙，南来北往的人们常在这儿洒下一掬怜悯之泪。

此刻，故事和传说都听玩了，我们可以自由玩耍，记着1小时往后，我们在这里荟萃，留意，不要乱扔垃圾。

Is Indonesian island, Bali (Bali) located at the western end of the lesser sunda islands is roughly a diamond, spindle for east-west. Occupies an area of 5623 square km and a population of about 2.47 million. East west high low terrain, mountains across, has more than 10 volcanic cone, argonne volcano, 3140 meters above sea level in eastern, is the islands highest peak. Sunny, in most of the annual rainfall of about 1500 mm, dry season about 6 months. Developed economy, population density is second only to Java, the second in the nation. Residents are mainly Balinese hindus to temple architecture, sculpture, painting, music, textile, singing and dancing, and is famous for its scenery. As one of the tourist destination in the world. Land reclamation rate more than 65%, the yield of rice, corn, cassava, coconut, coffee, tobacco, peanuts, cabbage, onion, fruit and palm oil, etc. Cattle, coffee and coconut as the main export products. Bali on the east side of lombok strait is the dividing line between mainland and Macao two part of typical animals, has special significance in biology.

Or Indonesia Bali famous tourist area, is one of the lesser sunda islands east of the island of Java, covers an area of about 5560 square kilometers and a population of about 2.8 million. Bali west about 1000 kilometers from the capital Jakarta, and in the capital, Jakarta Java island facing each other across the sea, only 1.6 kilometers. Due to the island is located in the tropical and influenced by ocean, warm and rainy weather, soil is very fertile, four seasons green water of castle peak, million flowers, towering trees. Bali sex life of flowers, everywhere decorated with flowers, therefore, the island is "flower island", and enjoy "the south China sea paradise", "fairy island" reputation. Mostly mountain on the island, island mountain horizon, the topography of the east west high low, four, five mountain conical complete fire, the argonne volcano (Bali) 3142 meters above sea level, is the islands highest point, near eruption in 963 Mr Is an active volcano.

Sand island nur, noosa dole and the library of the place such as the beach, is the most beautiful beach in the island scenery, here fine sand beach width, the clear blue water. Visitors from all over the world come here for sightseeing every year. Bali, wood carving statues of the Hindu temple Bali because of the history of Indian culture and religion, the influence of the residents mostly Hindu, Indonesia is the only local Hindu beliefs. But the Hindu here with Indian Hindu not the same, is the combination of the Hindu teachings and Bali customs, known as the Hindu Bali. Residents three main worship god (brahma, Vishnu and shiva) and Buddhism sakyamuni, also worship the sun god, water god, fire, wind, etc. Jiamiao catholics have a home, family composition of the communities temple in the village of the village temple, the temple island has more than 125000 seats, therefore, the island called the "thousand temple island" laudatory name. Temple is most notably in the one thousand - year - old hundred ShaJiLing temple, ling temple built in known as "the worlds navel" argonne volcanic slopes, to the worship of this intermittent eruption of the volcano god. Ling temple the hierarchy of stone buildings, similar to Angkor Wat in Cambodia.

Dear tourists

hello everyone!

Welcome to Xian.

Xian, a famous historical and cultural city, is located in the middle ofWeishui plain on the West Bank of the Yellow River. Here is a vast expanse offertile land, a vast expanse of eight hundred Li Qinchuan. On the land of China,this dazzling pearl inlaid in the southern end of the Loess Plateau, once had aworld-famous, extremely brilliant history and culture, but also had green watersand mountains, extremely beautiful natural landscape.

In the East and west of Xian, the Qinling Mountains, known as the"Oriental Alps", are crisscrossed and meandering. On this beautiful scenic line,there are Huashan Mountain, which is known as the first of the five mountains,Lishan Mountain in Lintong, which is famous for its hot spring soup pools,Zhongnan mountain, which is green in all seasons and rare in its interior, andTaibai Mountain, which is called a wonder for its snow cover in June. They forma natural and unique scenery group. In ancient Changan, there were eightrivers, namely, Weishui River, Chanshui River, bashui River, Laoshui River,Fengshui River, haoshui River and Yunshui River, surrounded by rippling bluewaves.

This thousand year old capital at the foot of the Qinling Mountains and onthe Bank of the Weihe River has Tongguan in the East and Sanguan in the West. Inthe north, the chidao, which was built in the Qin Dynasty, is a thoroughfare forfighting against Xiongnu and supplying supplies. In the south, Ziwu Road,TangLuo Road, Baoxie road and Chencang road can cross Hanzhong to Bashu. In thesoutheast, Wuguan road in Shangluo Mountain is the throat leading to Chu. Inancient times, Changan had convenient transportation, both land and water,dangerous terrain, easy to defend and difficult to attack. It has always been aplace for military strategists and emperors to make contributions.

Xian is an important birthplace of Chinese history and culture, and alsoone of the earliest developed regions of human civilization. In the thousands ofyears of history of the Chinese nation, perhaps no city can enjoy such a loftystatus and incomparable brilliance as Xian: it is the capital of 13 dynastiessince the Western Zhou Dynasty and the epitome of the first half of Chinesefeudal society.

Since Zhou and Qin Dynasties, Xian has been in the center of politics,economy and culture for a long time with its unique historical position. In the11th century B.C., the Zhou people grew stronger and stronger in Qishan andFufeng areas in the western part of Guanzhong, and finally established theircountry after destroying the Shang Dynasty, and established their capitals inFengjing and Haojing. Qin people successively established capitals in Yongcheng,Liyang and Xianyang, and went out of Hangu in the east to destroy the six statesand establish an unprecedented unified Qin Empire. The capital of Qin Dynasty isstill Xianyang, which is near the water on the tableland. After the destructionof Qin Dynasty by Liu Bang, Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty, he took a fancy to theeight hundred Li Qinchuan River, which is a vast expanse of fertile land, andchose to establish the capital on the South Bank of Weihe River, which is justacross from qinxianyang. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Wang Mangusurped the Han Dynasty and established a new dynasty, inheriting the capitaland system of the Han family. When the Huangjin army rose, Dong Zhuo burned allthe palaces in Luoyang, and the princes of the 18th route begged for Zhuo.Therefore, Dong Zhuo forced Emperor Xian to move westward to Changan. TheEastern Han Dynasty had six years here.

The scenic Fenghe river is full of a large number of cultural treasuresfrom the Western Zhou Dynasty 3000 years ago. It is a magical and attractiveplace. Emperor min of the Western Jin Dynasty was the emperor in Changan, andhe was destroyed in only three years. The former Zhao, the former Qin, the laterQin, the Western Wei and the Northern Zhou established their capitals here.Changan city experienced a long period of war and shortage of soldiers afterthe Han Dynasty.

In 581 ad, Yang Jian, Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty, unified China again.Later, in the southeast of Changan City in the Han Dynasty, Yu Wenkai, a famousarchitect, designed and supervised the construction of Daxing City, the capitalof the Sui Dynasty. The scale, layout and scientific facilities of Daxing Cityobviously exceeded that of Changan City in Han Dynasty, which laid thefoundation of Changan City in Tang Dynasty. Tang Dynasty is the heyday ofChinese history, and Changan city is also an incomparable brilliant model inthe history of Chinese capital. Changan is not only the political, economic andcultural center of the Tang Empire, but also the largest international city inthe east of the world.

"The ancient imperial state in the middle of Qin Dynasty". History choseXian and Xian enriched history. Today, whenever people talk about the formerChangan in Xian, they are full of national pride and admiration for the richand incomparable ancient civilization of China for thousands of years.

If history chose Xian as the capital of emperors, making it the centralstage of Chinas politics, economy and culture for more than a thousand years,then the emperors who once made great achievements here chose Guanzhongsprofound and extensive loess land as their final destination. As a result, thedense and grand mausoleums of emperors spread all over Guanzhong with thearrogance of the past and the present, becoming one of the most unique culturallandscapes in Xian.

The imperial mausoleum in Shaanxi can be traced back to the mausoleum ofthe Yellow Emperor more than 5000 years ago. It is the mausoleum of XuanyuanYellow Emperor, the forefather of the Chinese nation. It is on the top ofQiaoshan mountain in Huangling County, north of Xian. Ever since ancient timesand every year, countless Chinese and Miao descendants have come here to payhomage to the mausoleum, find their roots, ask their ancestors, and remembertheir saints. Apart from the mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor, from the WesternZhou Dynasty to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, more than 70 emperors were alsoburied in Guanzhong.

Ancient Changan was not only the political and economic center of Chinafor a long time, but also the center of religious culture. In the Tang Dynasty,with political stability and economic development, the religious culture ofChangan reached its peak. At this time, not only the native Taoist culture inChina was widely spread, but also the foreign Buddhist culture was in aprominent position in social life.

Since the introduction of Buddhism into China in the Han Dynasty, it hasbecome the ideology of the gentry through the southern and Northern Dynasties.In the Tang Dynasty, it became a common practice to respect and worshipBuddhism. As the eastern end of the "Silk Road" and a cosmopolitan metropolis,Changan has gathered eminent monks and missionaries from all over the world.Inside and outside the city of Changan in the Tang Dynasty, there are manypagodas and temples, and there are many people who preach and listen to theDharma. According to historical records, there are 122 monasteries and 31nunnery monasteries in Changan city. Emperors and court dignitaries are proudto build monasteries and spend time with monks. The scale of these monasteriesis also amazing. For example, Cien Temple, which is called "Chonglou Fudian,Yunge Dongfang, more than ten monasteries, has a total of 1896, covering 342Mu". In the enlightened and open Tang Dynasty, not only the various sects ofBuddhist temples and Taoism, as the national religion, were very active, butNestorianism and Manichaeism also spread to China one after another, makingindelible contributions to the prosperity of Chinese and foreign cultures.

Today, there are still many religious and cultural relics inside andoutside Changan city. The towering big wild goose pagoda of Cien Temple andthe beautiful small wild goose pagoda of Jianfu temple have become the symbol ofXian, a famous historical and cultural city. Famen Temple has become a Buddhistholy land again because of the excavation of four Buddhist finger relicscollected in the Tang Dynasty. Daxingshan temple, Qinglong temple, Xiangjitemple and other famous temples have also become symbols of friendly exchangesand tourist attractions between China and foreign countries. The famous TaoistLouguantai, Baxian palace and Huajue Lane Muslim temple in the city areimportant places for the spread of Taoist culture.

In history, the ancient city of Xian has provided a broad and bright stagefor China to show its great and brilliant posture to the world, and madeimmortal contributions to the survival, progress and development of the Chinesenation. Perhaps it is just out of the reward for Xian that history generouslypresented this magical land with numerous historical relics and cultural relics.It is an invaluable treasure. It not only makes every Chinese proud and feel theresponsibility of history, but also as one of the cream of human culturalheritage, let people from all over the world comprehend the clear trajectory ofsocial civilization development and the surging creativity of human beings.

The historical relics in Xian and Guanzhong area have the integrity ofrare historical sequence. This outstanding advantage is determined by thelong-span characteristics of Xians long history, which is difficult for manyhistorical cities to match. Here, the Paleolithic artifacts of the Lantian apeman 1.15 million years ago and the painted pottery basin of the mud illusion ofthe matriarchal clan settlement in Banpo 6000 years ago jointly outline thecontext and footprints of the survival, reproduction and development of theprimitive ancestors; the deep, dignified, mysterious and treacherous bronzes ofthe Shang and Zhou dynasties represent the living atmosphere of the aristocratsin the slave society; The magnificent terracotta warriors and horses andexquisite stone portraits of the Qin and Han Dynasties are wrapped with thepolitical situation and flames of war in the early feudal society; the brilliantmurals and colorful gold and silver wares of the Sui and Tang Dynasties recordthe glorious chapter of the golden age; and the steles, porcelain products,calligraphy and paintings of the song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties are thewitness of the continued development of civilization in Xian after the loss ofthe prosperity of the imperial capital It is no exaggeration to say that it isno different to read a condensed general history of China to search the culturalrelics of Xian in chronological order.

Xian and its surrounding areas are rich in cultural heritage, which isanother advantage. Not to mention the large-scale sites such as FengHao of theWestern Zhou Dynasty, Xianyang palace of the Qin Dynasty, Changan city of theHan and Tang Dynasties, and the ancient buildings, temples, and grottoes ofMeilun and meimian, the number of movable cultural relics alone has reached morethan 600000 pieces (groups) according to preliminary statistics. Includingceramics, bronzes, jade, gold and silver, murals, stone and brick carvings,inscribed steles, seals and other categories. In this sense, the ancient city ofXian itself is a natural history museum, a palace of cultural art.

The natural landscape of Xian is also unique. In and around Xian, thereare Xiyue Huashan, which is known as "the most dangerous place in the world",Zhongnan mountain, which is cultivated by Wang Chongyang, the founder ofQuanzhen school, Taibai Mountain, which is known as "natural geological museum",Lishan Mountain, which is known as "Nuwa Butian", Louguantai, which is the mostblessed place in Dongtian, and Wangchuan, the hometown of Chinese landscape "Thehometown of ape man" -- Lantian cave and other scenic spots. The gardens inXian are full of royal style.

Huaqing Palace tells the story of "song of everlasting regret" with itsworlds first hot spring and warm romantic love story; Xingqing palace describesthe eternal story of "Li Bais drunkenness"; a song "the setting sun isinfinitely good, just near dusk" makes leyouyuans dusk a charming landscape."Last year and today in this gate, peoples faces and peach blossoms were red.People do not know where to go, peach blossom still smile spring breeze If youhave a chance to go to Weiqu, you will feel the true love under the peach treewith the dream of "human face peach blossom". There are 11 forest parks inXian, which constitute the natural oxygen bar of the ancient city.

The combination of humanity and landscape constitutes the unique charm ofancient Xian.

As the first ancient capital of China, Xian, after more than 3000 years ofdevelopment, shoulders numerous glorious and glorious dreams of the Chinesenation, and is firmly marching towards the future.

In 1949, after the founding of the peoples Republic of China, the ancientcity of Xian opened a new chapter in its own development history. Since the1980s, with the implementation of the reform and opening-up policy, 6.18 millionpeople in Xian have seized the opportunity of the times, guided by science andtechnology, tourism, commerce and trade, and made great efforts to build Xianinto a socialist export-oriented city. A thriving and dynamic Xian city isstanding in the world. Today, Xian is an important base for scientific andtechnological research and development in contemporary China. At present, thereare more than 3000 scientific research institutions in the city, includingmachinery, electric power, electronics, aviation, aerospace, geology, chemicalindustry, textile, instruments, meters, nuclear industry and other scientificresearch institutions, as well as the only watch industry research institute inChina and the satellite measurement and control center, the central nerve ofaerospace measurement and control network, which is also located in Xian.

Today, Xian is an important base of Chinas higher education. There are 42institutions of higher learning, more than 10 mobile stations for postdoctoralresearch, about 100 doctoral degree awarding points and more than 300 mastersdegree awarding points in the city. Every year, the city trains a large numberof modern talents for the country, becoming a veritable "cradle of talents".

Today, Xian is a world famous tourist hot spot city. The long and vasthistorical and cultural heritages, the beautiful and magnificent natural sceneryof Northwest China, and the various and magical traditional folk customsconstitute the unique tourism resources in Xian, attracting countless touristsfrom home and abroad to explore. With the development of tourism, tourismfacilities and municipal engineering have been further improved. With Xian asthe center, high-grade highways are interwoven in all directions. The connectionof Eurasian Continental Bridge and the completion of Xian XianyangInternational Airport make the connection between Xian and other countries morefrequent and close. A large number of star hotels and modern entertainmentfacilities and places have sprung up, which not only provides a guarantee forthe development of tourism, but also adds style and charm to the appearance ofthe ancient city.

In order to enrich the cultural and entertainment life of tourists and meetthe needs of leisure and vacation, Xian has built more than 3700 cultural andentertainment facilities in various forms, such as tangle palace, gudu GrandTheater, Tanghua song and dance theater, shange Grand Theater, Ginza nightclub,Taoyuan Lake Bowling Club, etc; It has launched such artistic programs as TangChangan music and dance, imitating Tang music and dance, soul of Qin terracottawarriors, and folk music and dance in Northern Shaanxi, which have won praisefrom tourists at home and abroad.

Xians tourism commodity production has strong local characteristics.There are abundant folk arts and crafts, such as terracotta figurines, antiquebronzes, Qin embroidery, jade, silk, craft porcelain, Huxian farmers paintings,Tang Sancai, porcelain plate paintings, landscape tables, straw paintings,Guanzhong paper-cut, etc. There are 26 designated foreign tourist shops in thecity, which can meet the shopping needs of tourists at different levels. At thesame time, the catering industry in Xian can provide tourists with uniqueShaanxi cuisine, such as imitation Tang cuisine, Dumpling Banquet, muttonsteamed bun and famous local snacks.

Today, Xian is still an open international metropolis. Through the summaryof the rise and fall of history and the understanding of the bright future, thepeople of Xian have deeply realized that opening the door to the world andletting Xian go to the world is the only way for the development and prosperityof todays ancient city.

History has been kind to Xian, and Xian will live up to history!

Hello, Im guide Wang from Shanghai Jinjiang International Co., Ltd. youcan call me guide Wang. Now we are going to Sanqing mountain. Well go up bycable car later, and Ill explain to you after we go up. Please pay attentionnot to climb railings, rocks and trees, not to pick flowers, not to scribble andcarve.

Tourists, now our foot is Sanqing mountain. Since ancient times, Sanqingmountain has enjoyed the reputation of "no more bustling place in the world, thehighest mountain in the south of the Yangtze River in the Han Dynasty". It isdangerous in the East, strange in the west, beautiful in the north and unique inthe south. Its beauty lies in its simplicity and nature, and its wonder lies inboth form and spirit. Sanqing mountain has always been known as "strange peaksand rocks, ancient trees and famous flowers, flowing springs and waterfalls, seaof clouds and fog". Today we are mainly looking at strange peaks and rocks.Please follow me.

Look, this strange stone in front of us is called "goddess Sichun", alsocalled "Oriental Goddess". The shape of the whole mountain is like a beautifulgirl with beautiful hair and shawl sitting in the clouds, watching the people onthe ground affectionately. Because people regard it as a symbol of spring, theycall it "goddess of spring" or "Oriental Goddess". Because it is related tolove, it is also known as the peak of love in China. Please move on.

You see, this is the landmark landscape of Sanqing mountain - Python out ofthe mountain. It stands against the "Oriental Goddess". The emergence of Pythonis a huge granite pillar formed by weathering and gravity disintegration. Thereare several transverse cracks on the peak, but after hundreds of millions ofyears of wind and rain, it still stands. Its top is flat, its neck is slightlythin, and the diameter of the thinnest part is only 7 meters. Its like a hugeboa constrictor breaking out of the mountain and about to fly away. You can takephotos here and have a rest. Well continue our tour later.

Tourists, now we come to the West Coast scenic spot of Sanqing mountain.The stone presented in front of our eyes is called "Monkey King presentstreasure". Monkey King is about 7 meters tall, sitting on the cliff, holding atreasure in his hand, gazing at it with a charming naive manner. Whos themonkey king? The monkey king who made a big noise in heaven!

Sanqing mountain is a world natural heritage, a treasure of JiangxiProvince as well as a treasure of China. This is the end of our trip to Sanqingmountain. Bon Voyage!

Hello, everyone! Im very glad to be your guide. I hope my service canbring you convenience and happiness. Now, you can see Chengde Mountain Resort inHebei Province, which has been included in the world heritage list.

The summer resort, also known as Chengde Li palace or Rehe palace, islocated in the north of Chengde City Center in Hebei Province. It is a placewhere emperors of Qing Dynasty spent summer and dealt with government affairs.The summer resort was built in 1703, after three emperors of Qing Dynasty:Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong. It took about 90 years to complete. Summerresort is divided into palace area, Lake area, plain area and mountain area. Thepalace area is located on the South Bank of the lake, with a flat terrain. It isthe place where the emperor deals with government affairs, holds celebrationsand lives. It covers an area of 100000 square meters and consists of four groupsof buildings: the main palace, songhezhai, wangoufeng and the east palace. Thelake area is in the north of the palace area. The area of the lake includes ZhouIsland, which accounts for about 43 hectares. There are eight small islands. Thelake area is divided into different areas of different sizes with distinctlevels. The Zhou island is scattered and rippling, which is full of thecharacteristics of the land of fish and rice in the south of the YangtzeRiver.

I hope this tour will leave a deep impression on you.

大家好!我是你们的导游，姓蔡。大家可以叫我小蔡。很高兴能和大家一起走进世界文化遗产---长城。长城是我国古代劳动人民创造的伟大奇迹，是中国悠久历史的见证。它与天安门，兵马俑一起被世人视为中国的象征。因长度逾万里，故又称作“万里长城”。据记载，秦始皇使用了近百万劳动力修筑长城，占全国人口的1/20，当时没有任何机械，全部劳动都得靠人力，而工作环境又是崇山峻岭、峭壁深壑。春秋战国时期，诸侯各国为了防御别国入侵，修筑烽火台，用城墙连接起来，形成最早的长城。以后历代君王大都加固增修。长城东起辽宁丹东虎山，西至甘肃嘉峪关，从东向西行经10个省区市。长城的总长度为8851.8千米，其中人工墙体长度为6259.6千米，壕堑和天然形成长度为2592.2千米。

远看长城，像一条巨大的长龙，在崇山峻岭之间蜿蜒盘旋。这一段长城修筑在八达岭上，不仅高大坚固，而且很平整。五六匹马可以并行。大家请看长城凸凹的地方叫垛子，有瞭望口和射口，供瞭望和射击用。每隔三百多米就要建一座方形的城台，它们是屯兵的堡垒，打仗时，城台之间可以互相呼应。

朋友们，踏着脚下的方砖，扶着墙上的条石，你们会不会想起无与古代修筑长城的劳动人民来?那时候没有汽车、火车、没有起重机，就是靠无数的肩膀和无数的手，一步步的抬上这陡峭的山岭。多少劳动人民的血汗和智慧才凝结成这前不见头，后不见尾的万里长城啊!所以我们要尊重劳动人民的成就。

关于长城还有一个传说。相传，秦始皇时期，有位普通的农家女叫孟姜女，她的丈夫范喜良在他们新婚的第三天就被官兵捉走了。一年之后，丈夫沓无音讯。孟姜女就去找丈夫，得知丈夫捉去修长城并死后，她顿时伤心大哭起来。孟姜女泪如泉，声如雷，哭的惊天动地，天昏地暗。她哭到哪里，长城就塌倒在哪里，倒塌的长城足足有八百多里。这个消息被秦始皇知道后，勃然大怒的他立刻下令将孟姜女抓起来。秦始皇一见到孟姜女，就被她的美貌给迷住了，孟姜女看穿了秦始皇的心思，并说：“只要你肯和我去找我丈夫的尸骨，我就做你的妃子。”秦始皇和孟姜女找到了范喜良的尸骨，如愿以偿，面对滔滔的渤海，她纵身一跃，投海自尽了。

最后要提醒大家的是：不随手乱扔垃圾，在要大声喧哗。接下来大家自己游玩。请记住：十二点我们在这里集合，祝大家玩得开心!

Fengjing ancient town in Shanghai is a famous historical and cultural townin China. It is also one of the eight scenic spots in new Shanghai. It islocated in the southwest. Historically, it is located at the intersection of Wuand Yue, so it is known as a famous town of Wu and Yue. Today, it borders fivedistricts and counties of Shanghai and Zhejiang, and is the most important"Southwest gateway" from Shanghai to southwest provinces. Fengjing is a typicalancient town in Jiangnan. The ancient town is surrounded by water networks,rivers and bridges. There are as many as 52 bridges in the town. Zhihe bridge ofYuan Dynasty is the oldest existing one, which has a history of nearly 720__years. The town has 29 streets and lanes, 84 lanes and lanes. Up to now, thereare four ancient buildings in Heping Street, production street, North Street andYouhao street, with a total area of 48750 square meters (excluding the ancientbuildings preserved in other blocks). It is a large-scale and well preservedancient water town in Shanghai.

Fengjing town was founded in Song Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty. It is acivilized ancient town with a history of more than 1500 years. It straddles theboundaries of Wu and Yue. Fengjing town is a typical market town in the south ofthe Yangtze River. It is surrounded by water networks and rivers. It is known as"three steps, two bridges and ten ports in one sight". There are many smallpolders in the town, which are shaped like lotus leaves. There are many trees inthe Town, and the scale of houses is small. The clear current is swift and thelotus is planted everywhere. It is elegant and beautiful, so it is also called"qingfengjing", "Fengxi" and "Furong Town".

Cultural characteristics

Fengjing culture is well-developed, which is the birthplace of Jinshanfarmer painting. Fengjing people love life, blue calico, furniture carving,kitchen murals, lantern, paper cutting, embroidery, weaving and other folk arthas a long history. The rich folk culture and art gave birth to Jinshan peasantpainting. Jinshan farmers, who are mainly Fengjing farmers painters, havecreated the Jinshan farmers paintings with strong local flavor and uniqueartistic style, which have a wide influence at home and abroad. There are manyfamous painters in the town. Cheng Shifas ancestral home on Heping Street hasbeen restored and opened. The Ding Cong cartoon exhibition hall on North Streetis located in a two-story Chinese and Western style building. In front of thebuilding, there is an ancient gingko and a cluster of Daba. Ding Congs life andmore than 100 comics are displayed in the museum. Humorous drawing often makespeople linger. The exhibition center of Jinshan peasant paintings in Shengtanglane, South Street, is located in the reading building of CAI Yitai, the numberone scholar in Qing Dynasty. It is elegant, but the pictures reveal a stronglocal flavor. Farmer paintings and Ding Congs comics, Cheng Shifas traditionalChinese paintings and Gu shuirus go, which have considerable influence at homeand abroad, are concentrated in Fengjing, a town, which is a rare local culturalphenomenon in China.

Ancient architecture

Along the xizha river opposite to the town government, there is a 600 meterlong ancient mansion with a construction area of 12000 square meters. To thewest of the ancient stage, the old site of the Qing Dynasty Post Office, locatedat 92 Heping Street, has a solid structure with grey walls and black tiles. Thedoor frames on both sides are stone pillars. The big characters "post andtelecommunications office" stand out above the high door opening. This is one ofthe few existing old sites of the Qing Dynasty Post Office in Shanghai. Due toits developed culture and prosperous economy, Fengjing is also a rare ancienttown with complete Taoism, Buddhism, Catholicism and Christianity. As early asthe first year of Liang Tianjian in the Southern Dynasty (520__), a Taoisttemple had been built in nanzha of Fengjing. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties,Buddhism was very popular, with temples in streets, alleys, Li and Fang. Therewere three temples in the town. In the late Qing Dynasty, Catholicism andChristianity began to be introduced into Fenghua. If you go to xingjue temple,Shiwang temple, Yujia ancestral hall and other cultural landscapes, you can findthe historical traces of Fengjing town, which was divided into North and Southin ancient times, half belonged to Wu area, and half belonged to cross-borderarea.

Simple folk customs

Fengjing people are honest and honest, advocating farming and education,paying attention to education and official selection. It has bred three numberone scholars, 56 Jinshi, 125 Juren, 235 cultural celebrities (including 100county magistrate, 3 ministers of six ministries and 2 prime ministers), and 639celebrities with historical records since the Tang Dynasty. In ancient times,there were Lu Zhi, the Prime Minister of Tang Dynasty; Chen Shunyu, the garrisonofficer of Song Dynasty, and Xu Kechang, the number one scholar; Chen Yicheng,the imperial doctor of Taiyuan hospital who followed Zheng He to the West inMing Dynasty; CAI Yitai, the number one scholar in Qing Dynasty, and Xie Yong,the official to cabinet bachelor and official minister; Shen Rongcheng, the folkpoet. In modern times, there were Zhu xuefan, vice chairman of the NationalPeoples Congress, Gu shuiru, a national go player, Ding Cong, a famouscartoonist, Cheng Shifa, a master of traditional Chinese painting, Yuan Shizhao,Lu Longfei and other revolutionary predecessors. They left precious historicalsites and legends for Fengjing.

Hello, everyone!

Welcome to Jiuhua Mountain. Im Li Qiang, the tour guide of China Taihetravel agency. Just call me Xiao Li! Im very happy with your arrival today. Atthe same time, I hope my service can satisfy you. Standing next to me is masterWang, the driver of our tour. Master Wang has more than ten years of drivingexperience. Im very skilled in driving. You can give us two hearts, restassured to our Master Wang, happy to me, lets share this journey together.

Members of the group, our tour bus is driving on the Foguang avenue intothe mountain. As it will take a long time from here to Jiuhua street, Id liketo introduce Jiuhua Mountain to you first. Jiuhua Mountain is mainly located inChizhou City and Qingyang County. It is an important scenic spot in the north oftwo mountains and one lake in Anhui Province. The area of the scenic spot is 120square kilometers. Jiuhua Mountain covers 174 square kilometers and is now anational 5A scenic spot. A national tourist area. One of the four famousBuddhist mountains in China. It is known as an International Buddhist dojo.

Jiuhua Mountain in Anhui Province has a beautiful scenery. In the SouthernDynasties, the mountain was so high that it was called Jiuzi mountain. Li Bai, agreat poet of Tang Dynasty, visited Jiuhua Mountain and saw the lotus flowers onthe nine peaks. He wrote that "there are two wonderful things, and Lingshanopens Jiuhua." Its a beautiful poem. Jiuhua Mountain is a famous granitemountain. Its main peak, Shiwang peak, is 1342 meters above sea level. It is abeautiful place in Jiuhua Mountain.

Anhui Jiuhua Mountain is one of the four famous Buddhist mountains inChina. Together with Putuo Mountain, Emei Mountain and Wutai Mountain, it iscalled the four famous Buddhist mountains in China. In the 7th century A.D., theprince of Silla sailed to the East and visited famous mountains. He finallychose Jiuhua Mountain and practiced hard for decades. After his death, his bodywas not rotten. People thought that Jin qiaojue was the incarnation of theBodhisattva of the king of Tibet. From then on, Jiuhua Mountain was regarded asthe Taoist temple of the Bodhisattva of the king of Tibet. From then on, theking of Tibetans was also called jintibetans.

OK, at this moment, our tour bus has arrived at the entrance of Jiuhuastreet. Please take your belongings and get off to enter the scenic spot.

Ladies and gentlemen, the gate of Jiuhua holy land, which is 9 meters highand 8.5 meters high, is in front of us. Do you know who wrote the word "JiuhuaHoly Land" on the banner? Yes, its written by Emperor Kangxi. Through the gatesquare, is there an extraordinary feeling of entering the holy land

Friends, at this moment, we are here at the earliest Palace temple inJiuhua Mountain, namely, the Zhiyuan temple. Zhiyuan temple is now a nationalkey temple and the only descendant jungle temple in Jiuhua Mountain. It is atypical composite building. Its Mountain Gate deviates from the central axis ofthe main hall. The external Mountain Gate is not the carelessness of theconstruction, but the attention. It is said that one is to avoid evil, and theother is to face kaishanzu temple and Huacheng temple. Moreover, on the frontwall of Zhiyuan temple, there is a big word "Taishan shigandang" which is veryeye-catching. It is said that it is also for avoiding evil spirits andsuppressing demons, which is unique to Zhiyuan temple.

The Dharma of Zhiyuan temple is solemn and complete, which is the best ofall. There are statues of Maitreya, four heavenly kings, Bodhisattva Weituo andeighteen Arhats in the temple. Among them, the most solemn one is the 12 meterhigh pharmacist Buddha, Amitabha Buddha and Sakyamuni Buddha. The statues ofBuddha, Bodhisattva and arhat in the temple are arranged in a standard way withexquisite workmanship and vivid images.

Zhiyuan temple was built in the Ming Dynasty, ranking first among the fourjungles in Jiuhua Mountain. The Jiuhua Mountain Buddhist Association has heldmany large-scale preaching, preaching and praying for peace and disaster reliefDharma meetings here. Now it holds more than 1000 Buddhist activities such aswaterway Dharma meeting and Yankou every year. It is one of the Buddhistactivity centers in the whole mountain.

Now we come to Huacheng temple. Huacheng temple is the first temple inJiuhua Mountain. Now it is a national key temple, and it was turned into amuseum of historical relics in the late 1970s. The exhibition materials aredivided into two parts: the first part shows Jin dizangs life story; the secondpart shows precious historical relics. Some of the Scriptures are the treasuresof the temple.

There is a release pool in front of the temple. It is said that it was dugby Jin dizang when he led his disciples to build Huacheng temple. In front ofthe pool is Huacheng square, on which there is an empress tower in memory ofjindizangs mother.

The next thing we are going to do is go to Zen hall. Shangchan hall islocated on the hillside in the south of Shenguang Lingnan, which is a nationalkey protected temple. Shangchan hall has three characteristics: the mostpeaceful incense, the best scenery and the most beautiful temple. The TV seriesjourney to the West was filmed here.

After visiting shangchan temple, we come to the most wonderful body hall.The body hall, also known as "Dicang tomb", was built in the first year ofZhenguan of Tang Dynasty. It was originally a three-story stone pagoda, and theburied body was jindicang body, so it is commonly known as the body pagoda.Because there was golden light in the base of the pagoda, later generationsnamed it Shenguang mountain. The characteristics of the hall of flesh can besummarized as "there are towers in the hall, tanks in the towers, and flesh inthe tanks." Please follow me into the hall. Please look at the 16 gold words onthe banner over there, "all living beings are exhausted, and Bodhi is proved.Hell is empty, and I swear not to become a Buddha." Its the vow of Bodhisattvadizang. Actually, Bodhisattva dizang could have become a Buddha, but he iswilling to go to the most miserable hell of the six samsara to spread all livingbeings. If hell is not empty, he will not become a Buddha. Before the birth ofMaitreya Buddha in the future, he undertakes the important task of universalsalvation. The body hall is the symbol of Jiuhua Mountain. Every time there is aDharma meeting in Tibet, there is a sea of people and it is unprecedented.

Attention, everyone. We are going to take the cable car to the centenarypalace immediately. Please pay attention to your safety and line up orderly.

Now we are in the centenary palace. Baishuigong, also known as baishuian,is now a key national temple dedicated to the body of monk Haiyu. In thearchitecture, the terrain of high in the South and low in the north is used toform a five story horse passage. The temple is integrated with the surroundingpeaks, stones and caves, and the temple is combined with the mountain. Thecentenary palace is the representative of Jiuhuashan ancient temple, which iswell received by Chinese and foreign tourists. Dear tourists, todays tour ofJiuhua Street scenic spot is over. Thank you very much for your support andcooperation. Please forgive me if there are any problems.