伟大母亲的生活事迹材料_事迹材料_网
温馨和睦的家庭
1976年与丈夫结婚以来,一直在家从事繁重的农业生活,随着三个儿子相继出生,家庭负担自然加重,从早摸黑在家干农活,使孩子们从“低标准”的生活中获得乐趣。她白天下田劳作,晚上为人家缝衣补扣,用那么微薄的收入把孩子们一个个送入知识的殿堂,她操持着上有老下有小的七口之家。昔日窈窕的身躯慢慢变得拖沓,额头上增添了许多皱纹。在窘境中她与丈夫携手共创,相敬如宾,小日子过得虽然紧紧巴巴,但却从未因此相互埋怨过。
如今,两个儿子早已成家立业,小儿子还在读书,生活条件有所改善,但是上有老下有小的日子还是很窘迫。经过近十年的艰辛劳作,生活条件日渐改善,可孩子们都均已到了相继入学的年龄。一家五口的吃饭问题暂且不说,可孩子们的读书是大事。肖银凤明白事理,省吃俭用供孩子读书。由于丈夫在外干泥匠活,农忙虽然家里没有男人的窘迫,她就不敢直起腰歇自己一会儿。长年累月,饱经风霜的夫妻感情却不断升华,可岁月的痕迹却提前刻画在了银凤的脸上。在母亲坚毅的性格下,孩子们都非常懂事,人穷志不穷,他们暗下决心,长大后一定要让父母过好日子。
死亡线上的阴霾
随着岁月的流逝,肖银凤辛勤汗水没有白流,几年过后,老大学得机电技术,并开设了一家维修部,老二也谋业在外,小儿子考取了九江医学院,眼看苦日子熬到头了,银凤的脸上也逐渐舒展开来,看到幸福的曙光,可天有不测风云,人有旦夕祸福,XX年12月在家做农活的张传志突然感觉脚痛,开始还以为是原来的痛风病发作了,可医院的诊断却是:尿毒症。突如其来的病魔如飙风般铺天盖地而来。一纸诊断,犹如一湖平静的秋水,投进了一块大石,一石击破水冲天。给整个家庭蒙上一层阴影,原本家庭经济拮据的状况,再次紧张起来。医生说,救命的路只有两条:一是保守治疗,靠透析维持现状,生死由命;二是寻找移植手术。望着风雨相伴几十年的丈夫那种从未有过的失望眼神,和孩子们那种刚脱离家庭襁褓的无奈情形,肖银风哭了,她的眼泪是浑浊的,这位以住倔强的农家女子平生第一次以泪洗脸,第一次发出暗淡的眼神,选择前者,意味着夫妻情缘由天定,如同刀绞;选择后者,20多万元的天文数字,无法读懂。
母爱抉择 创造生命奇迹
母亲的爱是最无私的,母亲的心是最善良的,母亲的人格是最伟大的,是只图奉献不图索取的人格。
生与死的抉择,情与爱的份量,使肖银凤没有过多时间徘徊,几天过后,她毅然选择后者。为尽快控制丈夫的病情,她一边送丈夫到医院治疗,一边不分昼夜在亲朋好友间奔波,目的只有一个,那就是筹足费用,挽救心爱的丈夫,挽救这根家庭的顶梁柱。随着时间一天天过去,治病的钱依然没有筹足,人却愁病了,肖银凤彻夜难眠,茶饭难咽。想到被病痛折磨的丈夫,她心如刀绞,形如枯草。作为丈夫的妻、孩子的母亲,她时刻用一个爱字来支撑自己,拖着疲惫的身躯继续奔波,人非草木,孰能无情。在肖银凤执着的感动下,亲朋好友都伸出了同情的手,虽然费用还远远不够,但挽救计划还是前进了一步。用爱的召唤,感应丈夫那颗宁死不医的心,带着丈夫前往九江接受治疗。事违人愿,到医院后,院方检验结果出来:眼下没有可以配对的肾源。最大可能只有在直系亲属中寻找,这就意味着要在三个儿子中寻找,但想到儿子们正值青春年少,前程似锦的大好年华,想到手背手心都是肉,她担心儿子们的健康,不忍心告知他们。在万般无奈的情况下,她抱着试试看的心态,要求院方对自己进行检测,奇迹竟出现了,她和丈夫血型一致,并且淋巴细胞试验和群体反应完全一致,配型完全成功。于是她执著要求,将自己的肾脏移植给心爱的丈夫。张传志,这位血性刚烈的汉子也平生第一次流下第一滴眼泪,曾多次拨掉点输液以示拒绝接受治疗。他望着爱妻憔悴的身影,再也无法忍受下去了,望着妻子坚定的眼神,多次苦苦相求,张传志才勉强接受。
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更多相似范文
篇1:我国食品安全工作总结
时间一晃而过,20__已经过去,新的一年已经来临。在过去的四个月里,我加入了食品安全监管这个光荣的队伍中,为解决人们的民生问题贡献出自己的力量。在这里,我首先要感谢上级领导对我的信任和关怀,以及同事的支持与帮助。这是我踏出学校步入社会的第一步,也是对我人生的第一次挑战。在日常工作中我深深看到了自己的不足,让我意识到工作不同于在校求学,它更需要的是全身心的投入,需要的是对工作热忱的态度。实践出真理,我会虚心学习踏实工作,好好弥补自己的不足,力争做好领导委交我的各项任务。现将我四个月来的工作总结归纳如下:
1、积极参加有关食品安全监督工作会议和食品安全知识培训。在九月份,我参加了为期一周的新区食品安全协管员岗前培训,认真学习了各项关于食品安全方面的知识,了解到作为一名食品安全协管员的职责和义务,为以后的工作奠定了基础。
2、建立协管区域食品企业档案,及时掌握食品企业数量、企业名称、执照情况、企业法人、生产条件、产品种类、生产规模等变动情况。在九月中旬至十月份,我街道食安办对街道所有企业进行登记,重点对企业的证照情况进行核实,并督促无证经营企业及时办理好。同时对街道14个社区的食品企业统计,并按餐饮、流通、生产加工、种植畜牧、小作坊详细划分归类,建立完善档案。
3、负责对辖区内食品生产企业的日常巡查,督促企业建立健全质量管理安全制度、台帐和记录,发现隐患及时制止并向有关部门报告。每周都坚持完成不少于2次的出行,及时掌握辖区内食品企业的具体情况和变更,对有问题的企业进行重点监督检查,督促企业完善台账制度,及时发现并解决隐患。
4、宣传贯彻《食品卫生法》等食品安全监督管理工作的法律法规,组织各项活动进行食品安全知识的普及。11月份,我食安办开展“关注食品安全,共创和谐社会”的主题活动,进社区、进企业、进学校的三步走,以板书、宣传册、横幅、讲座多种形式大力宣传食品安全知识,普及居民的日常食品安全知识。活动中,我有幸作为副讲,负责其中一部分的讲解,为此我做好充分准备,努力学习食品安全的相关知识,尽量做到讲解能够详尽细致,让居民对食品知识能够深入了解。
5、深化食品安全专项整治,响应政府号召。今年10月份,我食安办组织“地沟油”和“餐厨废弃物”的专项整治,保障居民能吃上放心油。活动中,我们以拉网式对辖区各家食品企业进行检查,询问了解食用油的来源以及处理方式,确保从源头解决“地沟油”的问题。
篇2:我国期货交易所合约_合同范本
我国期货交易所合约规格
上海_____交易所一号铜标准合约
(经上海_____交易所管理委员会1993年2月6日通过)
上海交易所
中国•上海____年_____月____日
_________会员已于今日售出(购入)25吨(溢短2%)符合下列第3条规定的一号铜,价格为每吨____元,交割月份_____。
本合约根据《上海金属交易所管理暂行规定》和《上海金属交易所商品期货交易规则》制订,由你方和上海金属交易所(以下简称交易所)作为当事方签订,你方接受本合约的所有义务与规定,并同意按下列规则履行责任。
为了保证合约的严格履行,你方必须在成交时向交易所交纳初始保证金。根据市场变化,当价格波动向不利于你方变化时,你方将被要求支付追加保证金,以弥补合约价格与结算价格之间的差额。如果发生任何你方不能履行上述义务的情况,交易所有权将你方所持有的所有或部分合约强制平仓以补偿由于你方违约造成的损失。交易所在采取上述行动时,并无任何责任和义务使你方减少或免受损失。如不足以抵偿损失时,交易所有权向你方继续追索。
一号铜的具体规定
1.质量:本合约中一号电解铜(整板或切割片板)的等级必须符合国标gb467-82、gb466-82的规定,铜+银的含量不小于99.95%,每块重量在30-150公斤之间。
所有的交货铜必须是上海金属交易所注册认可的一号铜,并附有生产厂的质检合格证。注册牌号清单见附件一。
2.结算:合约按《上海金属交易所商品期货交易规则》中的结算规则结算。
3.交货:本合约的一号铜必须在交割日按卖方选择的牌号和交货地点向交易所的核准仓库交货。在履行合约中所提供的指定仓库标准栈单的数量以25吨(溢短2%)或其整数倍开出。同一合约的货必须存放在同一仓库并是同一牌号和同一规格。所交货物必须是整板或切割片板,以达到货盘化的目的,切割片板的长、宽均不得小于整板的二分之一。捆扎包装每捆不超过2.5吨。标准栈单按上海金属交易所指定仓库标准栈单实施细则施行。
4.允许磅差:2‰。
5.交割月份:本合约的交割应于交易当月或其后的任何一个月,实施每月交割。
6.最小浮动价位:合约中的每吨铜的最小浮动价位为10元,或是其整数倍。
7.仲裁:由本合约引起的争端,如果不能协商解决,那么根据《上海金属交易所章程》提请交易所监事会仲裁。提请仲裁的当事者,应提出书面申请,并承认由监事会作出的书面裁决为终局裁决。
8.其它:本合约未提到的事宜均按《上海金属交易所管理暂行规定》和《上海金属交易所商品期货交易规则》进行处理。
南京石油交易所轻柴油标准合约
1.01 商品名称:轻柴油(gasoil)
定义:原油经蒸馏或其他加工精制的烃类液体燃料,运用于全负荷在1000-1500赫/分的高速柴油燃料。
1.02 期货合约的要求
(1)月份和时间:按交易所规定时间并在指定月份交货。
(2)交易的计量单位:以手计算,每一“手”为100吨。
(3)质量标准(见附表)。
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篇3:伟大的悲剧读后感
生而知之者是不存在的,“天才”也是不存在的。人们的才能虽有差别,但主要来自于勤奋学习。《伤仲永》一文给我的启示是:一个人即使有很高的天赋,但如果不努力学习,也很难取得真正的成就。
仲永的故事是这样的:并非书香子弟的方仲永5岁时便能“指物作诗,立就”,并“自为其名”,且“文理皆有可观者”,因而扬名邑中。到了十二三岁,才气渐减,“令作诗,不能称前之所闻。”到了成年,竟“泯然众人矣”.
一个天资聪颖的神童,因为被唯利是图的父亲每天带着四处走访,而不让他学习,使得“神童”竟沦为一个默默无闻的“庸人”!这能不叫人扼腕叹惜吗?神童泯然众人,责任在于他父亲,原因是“不使学”.像方仲永这样的天才,由于后天没有好好学习,尚且要成为普通的人,那么,那些本来就普普通通的人,如果不学习,岂不是连一个普通的庸人还不如吗?
所以说,才能来自于勤奋学习!“神童”由于后天不好好学习而沦为“庸人”的,在历史上屡见不鲜;而本来不是“神童”、“天才”,但由于坚持不懈地奋发努力,而成为举世闻名的科学家、发明家的却大有人在。
牛顿不是神童,但他终身勤奋学习,终于取得了令世人瞩目的成就。爱因斯坦不是神童,大学考了两次才被录取,毕业后到一家专利局当了7年职员,他在艰苦的条件下顽强学习和工作,终于奠定了相对论的基础。
不仅在科学上如此,在文学艺术上也是如此。不论是谁只要付出和他们同样艰辛的努力,都能取得这样或那样的成就。作家狄更斯、巴尔扎克等人的成功,同样深刻地说明了这样一个道理:才能来自勤奋学习!
篇4:伟大的悲剧读后感
《智取威虎山》是脍炙人口的京剧之一。出自小说《林海雪原》近日忽然心中想起,情不自禁到图书馆借阅。
曲波的一些作品《山呼海啸》、《桥隆飚》小时候都看过,都是发人深省,感人至深,震撼人心的。直到现在还对爱国主义、革命英雄主义的影片非常热衷,百看不厌,可能是童年时代潜移默化的影响吧。
儿时的启蒙教育,大都是爱国主义教育、讲传统教育,每次听了都感人肺腑。往往是先从小画书中知晓内容大概,不久就风靡露天电影,或者是京剧等。我们每看一遍就热血沸腾。
儿时看的最多的是抗日战争的老电影、解放战争的老电影,虽然多数是黑白片,看一场也激动人心。八十年代初期,少年时代剿匪片及书籍的流行,我们望眼欲穿,是我们最崇拜的艺术形式。比较有名的有《林海雪原》、《乌龙山剿匪记》、《湘西剿匪记》,电视兴起时,为了看一集连续剧,早早做完作业。拿着板凳去大队的大屋里占地方,看完了一集,兴冲冲的盼望着下集,好几天还沉浸在剧情里。就是闲暇时,谈论一番也眉飞色舞的。少年时代都是在精神生活缺乏的间隙寻找可怜的一星半点的欢乐中度过的。
随着阅读能力的增强,青年以后,那些五六十年代的作品中所蕴藏的迷人的历史气息,诱人的探索吸引力,纯洁自然的向上精神, 使我对于这个时代的作品渐渐入了迷,《剑》、《吕梁英雄传》、《金光大道》、《林海雪原》等等就这样从图书馆的书架上走入了我的眼帘。
《林海雪原》中景物的描写细致到极点,如“奇峰险恶犹如乱石穿天,林涛汹涌恰似巨海狂啸。林密仰面不见天,草深俯首不见地。”许多俗语取自民间,如:“老爷岭,老爷岭,三千八百顷。小顶无人到,大顶没鸟鸣。”民谣如此描述:“奶头山,奶头山,坐落西北天。山腰一个洞,洞里住神仙,山顶有个泉,泉有九个眼。喝了泉里水,变老把童还。”又如描写九龙潭村的来历,描写的栩栩如生。“旱天涧无激流,潭中水平如镜,呈天蓝色,映出九龙山岭的倒影,活象九条巨龙盘距深潭。夜间,满天星斗映入潭中,恰似潭底又有天空。”
一部好书如一把晶莹剔透的钥匙,打开了我们眼前的智慧之门。那心中的英雄,那壮志凌云的气概深深感染了童年的我们。那一声“穿林海,跨雪原,气冲霄汉”的威武雄壮的气势,如丝丝甘泉流淌在我们的记忆里。
篇5:孔子诞辰祭祀活动主持词
1.各位领导、各位老师、同学们、大家好!
莱芜市汶水学校纪念孔子诞辰暨“知识改变命运,读书美丽人生”读书月活动现在开始!
2.首先请我们的少先队员向中华民族的至圣先贤、人类教育家------孔子敬献花篮!
全体师生向孔子鞠躬!
一鞠躬,二鞠躬,三鞠躬。礼毕!
1、 下面请亓俊发校长诵读《祭孔子文》,大家欢迎!
2、下面我宣布,诵读开始!
1、 我们倡议一种精神,学而时习之,不亦悦乎!
我们倡议一种情怀,有朋自远方来,不亦乐乎!
我们倡议一种和雅的风度,人不知而不愠,不亦君子乎!
在20xx年9月28日人类教育家、中华民族先师------孔子诞辰2564岁仁寿之日,谨以我们至诚的《论语》诵读之声去传承伟大的文化经典!
请四年级的同学们齐声诵读经典的《论语》节选!
请八年级的同学们继续为我们诵读《论语》!大家欢迎!
2.《弟子规》易懂、朗朗上口,我们把它作为一种礼仪和行为规范来学习。请五、六年级的同学们齐声诵读《弟子规》!(五年级先背诵,六年级再开始)
1.“少年智则国智,少年富则国富,少年强则国强,少年独立则国独立,”多少年来,一篇《少年中国说》一直在激励我们成长,我们要秉承孔老夫子和梁启超先生的教诲,在新的时期踊跃读书,做新时代的少年!下面请七年级的同学们齐声诵读《少年中国说》①②
2.最后,让我们以校训“知识改变命运,读书美丽人生”作为结束语去迎接伟大的阅读文化经典之潮!望各位与书为友,与经典同行!去开创自己美丽的读书人生吧!
“知识改变命运,读书美丽人生” ①②
1、 活动到此结束,谢谢!请老师和同学们有序退场!
篇6:2024年4月思想汇报模板:我国的特殊教育_4月思想汇报_网
尊敬的党组织:
首先,价值源于人的幸福感受,而幸福就是获得尊重。对人性的尊重、对人与人之间关系的尊重、对人与自然关系的尊重。尊重需要得到满足,能使人对自己充满信心,对社会满腔热情,体验到自己活着的用处和价值。这是对一名新时代合格的、优秀的员的要求,同样也是对一名特殊教育工作者的要求----时刻做到对每一个学生个体的尊重。然而,在很多情况下,我们往往只是过分关注了他们的缺陷,为他们贴上了各种无能的标签;而没有注意到这些缺陷背后所具有的各种优秀品质和表现。就以自闭症为例,我曾经读过一位自闭症患儿的母亲所写的书《the miracle of sound 》,这位平凡的母亲用自己的实际行动创造出最不平凡的奇迹。这一切源于她对女儿的爱和尊重,她始终认为教育子女,无论是普通子女还是特殊子女,最重要的是让子女成为他自己,而不是成为父母心目中认为他应该成为的样子。
其次,价值观存在于人的多元生活,多元就意味着差异性、包容性和选择性。在我国现行的教育体制下,标准答案和分数至上的现象普遍存在。就像刘宏达老师为我们展示的一样,在现代社会,司马光砸缸的故事从不同的角度来推理,就会得出各种不同的结论;我们不应该将它奉为圭臬,千年不变。同样,孔融让梨的故事难道就只有这一个答案吗?作为小辈如果不让梨,难道就应该受到众人的谴责吗?这种一元价值判断不仅束缚了学生的创造性思维和批判性思维的发展,而且也没有做到尊重学生的多元价值观。
因此,在面对不同个体之间的差异时,教师必须做到包容每一个学生,认识到学生之间的个体差异正是每一个独特的学生个体所表现出来的个性和潜力。我们要做的就是根据学生的特点,因材施教,为每位学生选择适当的教学计划。
“真正的无知不是指你不知道的事,而是你知道是那样而事实上却并不是那样的事。”同样,作为一名员,必须树立正确的世界观、人生观、价值观,做到实事求是。用自己的实际行动践行全心全意为人民服务的宗旨,时刻保持员的先进性,引领时代潮流和社会发展。
汇报人:
篇7:致孔子先生的一封信
尊敬的孔老先生:
您好
生活在21世纪的我们,享受着无比的自由,自身的利益远大于别人。如今的我们,生活不受拘束,学习不够努力,工作不愿认真。在这物欲横流的社会里,人人都只会匆匆而过,丝毫不为身边的事物所停滞一秒,哪还会坚持‘先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐’的原则,甘于奉献呢?物质被人崇尚,金钱被人珍惜,而道德呢?却被人沦丧,学问只是被人拿来享受物质生活工具罢了。您说“爱人者,人恒爱之,敬人者,人恒敬之”,可是,在城市的每一个角落,都会发生着你推我嚷,高声喧哗,肆意辱骂的不文明的事情,把一个缺乏道德,对人不尊敬,没有素质的无知者展现得淋漓尽致。这样的事,如今已是家常便饭,又怎么奢求别人对你毕恭毕敬呢?如果想让别人对自己尊敬,首先就要尊敬别人,可又有谁做到了呢?
孔老师,我与您是陌生人,但我却认识您“敏而好学,不耻下问”的对知识无限探索的精神,我认识您“学而不思则罔,思而不学则怠”的学习的最佳方法,认识您对学生的教导与期盼是那么的强烈。
小时候,对知识有一股莫名的喜爱,但是却不会去探求它更多,我不懂何为“知之者不如好之者,好之者不如乐之者”,我也不需要懂。现在,我知道了。学问是一门艺术,只有真正融入到知识里,以学习知识为快乐的人,才能学有成就。
您是儒家思想的开创者,是儒家思想的领头人,您有弟子几千人,无不是您的得意门生。您理应自豪,骄傲,在学问上大胆地为别人展示您的才华,让别人敬佩,可是,您是怎么做的呢?您说“三人行,必有我师焉”。您不自满于自己的成就,而是虚心接受别人的意见,相信尽管只有三个人,也一定会有一个是您的老师。
我们渴望辉煌与成功,富于幻想与憧憬,然而当我们认真学习想要通往成功的大门时,我们却愈来愈感到我们首先需要的是正确的学习方法。“温故而知新,可以为师矣”。您教导着,给我们送来了通往成功大门的钥匙。这是您亲身体会得到的伟大结论,它伴随着我克服学习上的重重困难。
我是新一代的少年,也将是祖国未来的栋梁。在这学习的路程上,是您,教会我如何寻求更多的知识;是您,让我看到了希望,我可以成为一个满腹才华的人;是您,教懂了我学习的方法,让我在探索知识的道路上披荆斩棘;是您,赐予了我“渔”,为我打开了一条希望之路。
您的一生已被知识占据,却依旧灿烂,辉煌。
此致
敬礼
篇8:党员思想汇报2024年5月:加速中华民族伟大复兴_5月思想汇报_网
敬爱的党组织:
中华民族伟大复兴是当代中华民族的最伟大使命,是凝聚全国人民意志的最核心价值,是汇聚各方面共识的最神圣目标,也是全球华人的最重要期盼。改革开放30多年来尤其是近10多年来我国已经取得的巨大成就,为中华民族的伟大复兴奠定了初步然而非常坚实的基础。
但是,当前国际形势极为复杂,各种不利于中国快速发展的内外因素正在迅速生成、多方位凸显和汇聚,中华民族正处于伟大复兴的关节点上,进则兴,停则溃、退则亡,时机难得,时不我待。正是在这样的关键时刻,党的十八大则为加速中华民族伟大复兴提供了最为重要的政治纲领,吹响了加速中华民族伟大复兴的集结号。
加速中华民族伟大复兴需要科学的指导思想,党的十八大最重要的思想成就是将科学发展观写进党章,列为中国共产党的指导思想,为党的指导思想增加了极为重要的内容,使之更加丰富和完善。科学发展观作为一种思想理论提出的时间尽管并不太长,但它总结了改革开放以来的成功经验,吸取了过去中国社会发展中的严峻教训,传承了中华民族的优良文明传统,汇聚了中华民族的生存智慧,符合经济政治社会文化发展的客观规律,顺应了人类文明发展的宏大趋势,经过了近十年的成功实践,已经被证明其科学性和合理性。
科学发展观继续凸显了“发展”这个时代性主题,坚持了“发展是硬道理”的根本原则,使中华民族伟大复兴获得了极为强劲的动力,科学发展观尤其强调发展的科学性和合理性,要求全面、协调和可持续发展,这又标志着全党全民对发展的认识提升到了全新的水平和更高的境界,使得中华民族的伟大复兴进程能够有所规范和调试,能够在资源节约和环境友好方面做出新的努力,从而始终行进在适速、低耗、高效的健康道路上,为中华民族的永续发展提供了可能。
加速中华民族伟大复兴需要坚持正确的方向,这就是高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜。中国特色社会主义的核心内容是在全球化的背景下把社会主义与现代化在中国大地上内在结合起来,把传统文化与现代文化内在结合起来,把市场经济活力与政府宏观调控管理内在结合起来,并在经济建设、政治建设、社会建设、文化建设和生态文明建设各方面全面展开,形成五位一体的全面发展格局,从思想理论、社会制度和发展道路三个方面昭示了中华民族伟大复兴的丰富内涵,提升了中华民族的理论自信、道路自信和制度自信。
加速中华民族伟大复兴需要坚持正确的价值取向,这就是社会主义核心价值体系和社会主义核心价值观的引领。党的十八大提出了富强,民主,文明、和谐,自由、平等,公正,法治,爱国,敬业,诚信,友善等12个社会主义价值要素,要求积极培育社会主义核心价值观。坚持社会主义核心价值观,意味着中华民族伟大复兴既依据于和传承着中华文明的优秀的核心价值精髓,从而具有鲜明的中国特色,也吸收了当代西方和先进文明的价值要素,从而具有鲜明的世界意涵,又汇聚了当前中华民族的创造,从而具有鲜明的时代高度,这就使中华民族的伟大复兴既能行进在人类文明的发展大道上,又激发出中华民族的优秀智慧,不断有所变革、有所发展、有所超越,凸显中华文明的独特优势,从而以全新的面貌自立于世界民族之林。
篇9:我国期货交易所合约[页8]_合同范本
├──────────────────┼──┼────────────┤
│四乙基铅含量g/kg不大于 │1.0 │ gb377 │
├──────────────────┼──┼────────────┤
│馏程: │ │ │
│ 10%馏出温度,℃不高于 │ 79 │ │
│ 50%馏出温度,℃不高于 │145 │ │
│ 90%馏出温度,℃不高于 │195 │ gb255 │
│ 干点, ℃不大于 │205 │ │
│ 残留量,%不大于 │1.5 │ │
│残留量及损失% 不大于 │4.5 │ │
├──────────────────┼──┼────────────┤
│饱和蒸汽压 kpa(1) │ │ │
│从9月1日至2月29日 不大于 │ 80 │ gb257 │
│从3月1日至8月31日 不大于? │ 67 │ │
├──────────────────┼──┼────────────┤
│实际胶质mg/100ml不大于 │ 5 │ gb509 │
├──────────────────┼──┼────────────┤
│诱导期min不小于 │480 │ bg256 │
├──────────────────┼──┼────────────┤
│硫含量%不大于 │0.15│ gb380 │
├──────────────────┼──┼────────────┤
│腐蚀(铜片 50℃3hr) │合格│ gb378 │
├──────────────────┼──┼────────────┤
│水溶性酸或碱 │ 无 │ bg259 │
├──────────────────┼──┼────────────┤
│酸度mgkoh/100ml不大于 │ 3 │ gb258及注 │
│ │ │ (2) │
├──────────────────┼──┼────────────┤
│机械杂质及水分 │ 无 │ 注(3) │
└──────────────--------┴--─┴────────────┘
注:(1)1kpa=7.5mmhg。
(2)加铅汽油酸度按gb379方法测定。
(3)按gb511和gb260方法测定。
上海金属交易所规货合同
┌─────────────────┬────────────────┐
共11页,当前第8页1234567891011
篇10:伟大的悲剧读后感
天赋是与生俱来的,但成功仅仅依靠天赋是远远够的。读完《伤仲永》一文,让人掩卷深思,感触颇多。古往今来,天才少年层出不穷,但真正成才并在史书上留下印记的却寥寥无几,他们大多因为种种原因而“泯然众人矣”,方仲永式的例子司空见惯。其实,取得成功,下面三要素缺一不可。
要素之一:天赋
爱迪生说过:天才等于百分之九十九的汗水,加上百分之一的天分。天赋是成功的基石,至关重要,天赋更是可遇而不可求的,善于利用自己天赋的优势,成功就会事半功倍。方仲永自小天资过人,“竟能指物作诗立就”,成功之路已然具备良好的基础,可他却自恃天资聪慧而不知珍惜和利用,整天游手好闲,最后落得类同凡人的下场。
要素之二:勤奋
有人说:智慧源于勤奋,伟大出自平凡。勤能补拙,有个叫“笨鸟先飞”的成语,讲述的就是没有天分的人如果能勤勉上进,发奋图强,成功也并非遥不可及的道理。爱因斯坦天资一般,但经过无数次的艰苦挫折,凭着勤奋与努力,创立了相对论,取得了举世瞩目的成就。天资无法改变,但是我们却能够通过自己勤劳的双手和辛勤的汗水去描绘美好的未来,避免方仲永式的悲剧在自己身上重演。
要素之三:坚持
古人云:锲而不舍,金石可镂。成功之路是漫长的,需要持之以恒,一以贯之的坚持和努力。唐代诗人李白自小贪玩调皮,常在课时从家中溜到山间玩耍,一次,在溪涧边看到一位老婆婆奋力打磨一根铁棒,心生疑惑,询问原因,老婆婆回答道:我想把它磨成一根针。“只要功夫深,铁杵磨成针”的道理让李白大彻大悟,从此发奋图强,毫不懈怠,终于成为一代“诗仙”。“行百里者半九十”,不能一直坚持,往往会让努力半途而废,坚持了,量变终会演化为质变,成功也就唾手可得。
成功,看似可望而不可及,其实却很简单。当天赋、努力和坚持三要素都具备的时候,成功不就已经近在咫尺了吗?
篇11:我国食品安全工作总结
北山社区食品安全工作在街道党委、政府的正确领导下,认真贯彻落实区、市食品安全工作会议精神,以开展全区食品安全创建活动为载体,以确保广大人民群众饮食安全为目标。通过对餐饮、百货、药店等重点环节食品安全的监管,辖区内食品生产经营秩序得到明显改观。食品生产经营单位许可证、营业执照持证率99%;食品生产经营从业人员健康证持证率100%;食品质量卫生安全投诉事件投诉处理率100%;辖区无证生产经营行为和假冒伪劣、过期变质和“三无”食品流入市场现象基本得到杜绝;全年未发生食品安全事故。现就我社区食品安全工作总结如下:
一、加强组织领导,健全工作机制加强组织领导,坚持把食品安全工作作为一项民生工程列入重要议事日程,与其他重点工作同安排、同部署、同落实,确保食品安全工作各项目标责任落到实处。
1、周密部署。在区、市食品安全工作会议召开之后,我社区及时组织召会议,全面安排部署了今年各项工作任务。明确整治目标任务、重点和工作要求,并督促指导各职能部门制定具体的工作计划,全面开展拉网式检查。
2.落实责任。将食品安全工作纳入社区大安全综合考核范围,与辖区内相关商户签订食品安全责任承诺书。
二、加大宣传力度,提高安全意识加大宣传力度,坚持将宣传培训贯穿于食品安全监管全过程,积极开展各种形式的宣传教育动,着力营造人人关注食品安全、人人重视食品安全的社会氛围。在充分利用“3·15”消费者权益保护日开展宣传,采取张贴标语、悬挂横幅、制作展板、发放资料等形式,大力宣传食品安全知识和食品安全整治情况,公布食品安全信息。
三、深入开展整顿,规范市场秩序深入开展整顿,规范市场秩序
1.开展食品专项稽查行动开展食品专项稽查行动。对辖区内食品相关商铺进行登记备案,每月开展食品专项稽查行动开展专项稽查,重点对从业人员是否持有健康证明,是否具有符合食品卫生条件的食品制作和服务设施、有无垃圾和废弃物存放设施,餐具是否消毒等进行检查。
2.落实建档备案责任落实建档备案责任。我社区成立了督查组,实行全面检查,查找问题,现场督办,并做好详细跟踪档案,做到“位置精确、项目清晰、制度完善、管理科学”。
3.加强餐饮服务环节食品安全监管工作。“餐饮服务食品安全示范街、加强餐饮服务环节食品安全监管工作以示范店”、“餐饮类摊贩示范区”创建为抓手,按照“七个统一”的要求,打造了食品安全示范区。
在食品安全监督工作中,我们的工作取得了一定的成效,但仍存在很多不足,一是部分商户对食品安全意识不强,在下一年的工作中,社区要进一步完善食品安全工作长效监管机制,加大食品安全问责力度,强化工作措施,狠抓任务落实,全力推动食品安全工作再上新台阶。
篇12:读书改变了我国旗下讲话稿_读书改变了我讲话稿
敬爱的于老师,您好!亲爱同学们、老师们,早上好!
我是二(2)班的李欣桐,我向你们汇报我快乐的读书生活。
踏入校门一年多的时间里,我收获了许多,爱上读书是我的一大丰收,读书让我成长,读书让我快乐。
记得一年级时,一学完拼音,老师就带领着我们自主地阅读各类书籍,有童话、有绘本、有小说、有科普读物。我被书本里精彩的内容、色彩鲜艳的插图深深地吸引住了。《小巴掌童话》、《笨猪的故事》、《鳄鱼怕怕医生怕怕》、《猜猜我有多爱你》、《皮皮鲁系列》、《法布尔昆虫记》……我每天都坚持着看书半个小时以上的好习惯。寒假时,我随姑姑到惠州去玩,晚上躺在姑姑家的床上,辗转反侧,怎么也睡不着,总觉得缺点什么,原来是没有带书去看的缘故。第二天,我就要姑姑陪我到书店买书去了。书成了我一个形影不离的好朋友了。在上学期的著名儿童文学作家商晓娜的签书活动中,我用了两个星期就把买来的四本书读完了。在上学期班级的换书活动中,我也拿出了《窗边的小豆豆》和这两本书来进行图书资源共享,从同学们带来的各种各样的图书里,我了解到更多的优秀文学作品。因此,我多次被评为学校的读书大王。
读背结合,在老师的引领下,我背了《弟-子规》、《三字经》、儿歌、四十多首古诗等,边读边记,积累语言。
读书破万卷,下笔如有神。因为读书,我现在能写200来字的小作文了,上学期一共写了50多篇日记,还在网上开通了小博客,读读写写,乐在其中。
书是人类进步的阶梯。继续向前迈步,我会坚持读书。
篇13:我国景点英文版导游词_导游词范文_网
下面几篇范文是我国的景点英文版导游词,感兴趣的不妨看看怎么写吧,欢迎阅读借鉴,希望你们喜欢。
北京故宫博物院英文导游词
hello, everyone,
we are now going to pay a visit to a place of special interest. this scenic spot is located at the center of beijing and is characterized by thousands of palatial architectures and purple walls as well as yellow glazed tile roofs- it is simply a sea of palaces. this is the world – famous wonder – the palace museum.
the palace museum has served as the royal residence during the ming and qing dynasties. it was here that a total of 24 monarchs ascended the throne and wielded power for some 500 years. the palace museum, as the most beautiful spot of interest throughout beijing, is unique for its location: to the northwest is beihai(north sea) park, famous for its white pagoda and rippling lake; to the west is the zhongnahai (central and south sea); to the east lies the the wangfujing shopping street; and to the north id jinshan park. standing in the wanchun (everlasting spring) pavilion at the top of jingshan(charcoal hill) park, you overlook the skyline of the palace museum. at the southern end of the palace is tian` anmen (gate of heavenly peace) and the famous square named after it . this is the symbol of the people` s republic of china.
a world-famous historical site, the palace museum is on the world heritage list of unesco and is an embodiment of oriental civilization.
the palace museum is rectangular in shape, 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meters wide from east to west, covering a space of 720,000 square meters of which 150,000 is building area . it has 9000-strong rooms in it . according to legend there are 9999.5 room-units in all .the whole compound is enclosed by a 10-meter-hign wall and is accessed through four entrances, namely, the meridian gate in the south ,the gate of military prowess in the north, donghua(eastern flowery ) gate in the north, donghua ( eastern flowery) gate in the east and xihua(western flowery ) gate in the west. on each corner there is a turret consisted of 9 roof beams, 18 pillars and 72 ridge . encircling the compound there is a 3,800-meter-long and 52 meter-wide moat, making the palace museum a self-defensive city-within-a city.
the palace museum was made a center of rule during the ming dynasty by zhun di, the fourth son of the founding emperor zhuyuanzhang. the whole complex straddles on an 8-kilometers-long central axis that stretches from yongding (forever stable) gate in the south to gulou (drum tower) in the north. prominence was given to the royal power by putting the “three main front halls” and “three back halls ”on the axis while arrange other subsidiary structure around them .the construction of the palace museum involved manpower and resources across china. for example, the bricks laid in the halls ,known as “gold brick, ” underwent complex, two –dozen processes. as the final touch ,the fired bricks were dipped in chinese wood oil. involving complicated processes and high cost, these brick are called “golden bricks.” the palace museum serves as a living embodiment of good tradition and styles unique to china` s ancient architecture. it reflects to the full the ingenuity and creativity of the chinese working people. a carefully preserved and complete group of royal residences, the palace museum is a prominent historical and tourist site.
what we are now approaching is the main entrance to the palace museum-the meridian gate, which is characterized by red walls, yellow glazed –tile roofs and upturned eaves. on top of this walls, yellow glazed-tile roofs and upturned eaves. on top of this magnificent building ,there stand five lofty halls with a main hall in the center. the main hall is roofed by multiple eaves and covers a space of 9 room-units. it is flanked by two wings on each side .the wings are square in shape ,complete with multiple and four edged eaves and pinnacles. all of these structures are connected by a colonnade. because these halls resemble a soaring bird, it was also know as wufenglou (five-phoenix tower) . inside the main hall there is a throne. drums and bells were stored in the wings. whenever the emperor presided over grand ceremonies or observed rites in the hall of upreme harmony, drums, bells and gongs would be struck to mark the occasion.
as the legend goes, the meridian gate used to be a place where condemned ranking officials would be executed. this not true. however, flogging was carried out here by the ming emperors ,if a courtier falls afoul of the emperor, he would be stripped of his court dress and flogging with a stick .at one point the punishment became so harsh that a total of 11 people died from fatal wound on a single occasion .on the other hand, this building was also used to observe important occasions like the traditional chinese lantern festival (15th day of the first lunar month). on these occasions, chinese lanterns would be hanged and sumptuous banquets would be given in honour of the whole court of ministers and other ranking officials.
upon entering the meridian gate we began our tour of the palace museum. the river foowing in front of us is known as jin shui he (golden water river) and the five marbles bridges spanning it are known as the inner golden water bridges. the on in the middle was used exclusive by the emperor and its banisters were carved with dragon and phoenix designs. the bridges flanking the imperial one were reserved for princes and other royal members. the rest were used by palatines. aside from decoration, the golden water river was also dug as precaution against fire. most of the structures within the palace museum are made of wood. what is more ,according to ancient chinese cosmology, the south is the abode of fire, so this brook was dug on the southern tip of the palace. in this way, the palace museum reflects traditional chinese culture.
this building is called the gate of supreme harmony .in the foreground stand two bronze lions. can anybody tell which is male and which is female? the one on the east playing with a ball is male, symbolizing power and universal unity. the other on the west with a cub cuddling underneath its claw is female? the one on the east playing with a ball is male, symbolizing power and universal unity. the other on the west with a cub cuddling underneath its claw is female, representing prosperity the endless succession. a layout of the palace museum is posted by the entrance . from it ,you can see that the palace museum has two main parts: the forecourt and the inner court. the three main halls constitute the mainstay of the forecourt, and it was here that the emperor announced decisions and observed rites. behind the forecourt there is the inner court, consisting of major halls and the imperial garden .it was where the emperor attended state affairs, lived and enjoyed his luxurious life. the exhibition system of the palace museum involves historical court relics and articles of ancient art and culture. the palace museum houses nearly one million articles of rare treasure, or one sixth of the total number in all of china `s museums. there are the three main halls of the palace museum, built on a triple marble terrace . since most of china `s architecture is made of wood, the buildings cannot be too tall. to gain the height of the architecture, ingenious ancient artisans built the hall on a gigantic stone terrace .it is also to this end that not a single plant was grown in the square. on stairways of triple marble terrace there are 18 bronze tripods .the verandah is flanked by bronze tortoises and cranes, which served as symbols of longevity .on the east is a sundial, an ancient timepiece. on the west there is a grain measure suggesting that the emperor was just and equitable.
in the front and on each flank ,there is a pair of gilt bronze vats (caldrons ) molded during the reign of emperor qianlong of the qing dynasty .each of these weights 2 tons and is filled with water as a precaution in the event of a fire .the structure in the very middle is the hall of supreme harmony ,also known as the throne hall. it is 64 meters in width and is 38 meters from entrance to rear. with terrace exclusive ,the hall is 26.92 meters in height and is 35.03 meters in all .covering and areaof 2,377 square meters, the hall of supreme harmony is china` s largest exiting wooden structure. the hall is supported by 6 thick ,round pillars carved in a design of coiling dragons. as the holiest place in the hall, the ceiling and colored patterns were made of the finest material available at that time. the throne was placed on a terrace and is flanked by statues of elephants, luduan (a unicorn which could travel 18,000 kilometers a day and understand all languages), cranes and incense barrels .over the throne there is the caisson ,or covered ceiling ,which consists of a coiling dragon playing with a ball in its mouth .this ball is known as xuanyuan mirror ,and was supposedly made by a chinese emperor of remote times to serve as a reminder that thee rulers to follow were his hereditary heirs. the throne is made of nanmu and painted in gold .magnificently built and luxuriously decorated ,this hall did not serve as a place in which the emperor attended to daily affairs. he used his hall for major events such as his birthday, conferral of title of empress or dispatch of generals to war.
behind the hall of supreme harmony ,there sits the hall of complete harmony. this structure is square in shape .each side is 24.15 meters. this was the place where the emperor relaxed and greeted his courtiers before proceeding to the hall of supreme harmony to observe rites. this was also the place where the emperor prepared prayers or examined seeds and sowers bef ore he attended ancestral sacrifices or participated in snowing ceremonies. a grand ceremony was also held here once every 10 years for the emperor to genealogize the royal blood. there are two sedan chairs on display in the hall. behind the hall of complete harmony ,you will see the hall of preserving harmony, which was used as a place where imperial examinations were held. the imperial examination was the hignest level of competing for meritorious appointment under the feudal system dating back to the sui dynasty. china` s last imperial examination was held in 1904 during the reign of emperor guangxu of the qing dynasty. to the rear of hall there is a marble ramp carved with cloud and dragon designs, the largest of its kind in the whole country . it is 16.57 meters in length, 3.07 meters in width, 1.7 meters thick and weighs 250 tons. it was quarried in fangshan county in suburban beijing. to bring this giant piece of stone to beijing people poured water onto the road and applied rolling blocks during the process.
we are now standing before the square of the hall of heaven purity. it served as a divide separating the forecourt from the inner court .this building is known as the gate of heavenly purity. emperor qianlong held court here. proceeding further north ,you can find three main rear halls ,i.e. the hall of heavenly purity. the hall of union and peace and palace of earthly tranquility. the hall of heavenly purity if flanked on either side by two gates named after the sun and moon .inside the enclosure there are 12 palaces and halls symbolizing constellations. all of the other buildings are centered around the palace of heavenly purity , which was meant to suggest that the monarch` s power was endowed by heaven. the empress and concubines lived in the inner court.
the hall of heavenly purity was where the emperor lived and attended to daily affairs. later the emperor moved to live in the palace of mental cultivation. looking up you can see a plaque bearing the chinese inscription “be open and above-board,” a manifesto to court struggle .behind the plaque a strongbox was stored containing a will bearing the name of the would –be royal successor. this approach of secretly selecting the next emperor was adopted by emperor yongzheng of the qing dynasty. two copies of the will were prepared .one was stashed by the emperor in person ,the other was placed inside the strong box behind the plaque. after the death of the emperor, the two copies would be compared and successor would be announced. it was in this way that emperor qianglong and others have ascended the throne.
behind the hall of heavenly purity you will see the hall of union and peace , which is indentical to the hall of complete harmony. it was there that the emperor received congratulations and tributes from imperial officials on major calender occasions , a total of 25 imperial seals are stored there. in the hall, you will see a plaque with the handwritten inscription of “we wei,” exhorting taoist doctrines.
further northward is the palace of earthly tranquillity, which once served as the living room of the empresses` . the hall was later converted into a sacrificial place .through the windowpanes on the eastern wall you can see the royal bed decorated with dragon and phoenix designs. this hall has also served as the bridal chamber of monarchs.
the gate of earthly tranquilliity leads to the imperial garden (known to westerners as qianlong` s garden ),which was used by the emperor ,the empress, and the concubines. a magnificent structure stands in the middle. it is called the qin `s an (imperial peace) hall. it is the only building in the palace museum that was built in taoist style. it served as a shrine to the taoist deity. the garden covers a space of 12,000 square meters ,and is 130 meters from east to the west and some 90 meters from north to the south. there are a dozen halls, verandahs, pavilions and waterside houses in the garden . on each of the fur corner there is a pavilion dedicated to the four seasons which is different in construction style and shape. the garden also features an imperial landscape. with rare trees and exotic rockery, the imperial garden served as a model for china` s imperial parks .in all ,a total of 10-strong building styles were applied.
the tall building we are now passing is the gate of military prowess, the back door of the palace museum. our visit is now drawing to a conclusion but the architectures of the palace are not . on the other side of the road is the 43-meter-hign charcoal hill , providing natural protection for the forbidden city. this was also an embodiment of china` s construction style-putting a pool in the front and a hill in the rear. now let` s climb up to wanchun (everlasting springs ) pavillion where we` ll have a great view of the palace museum.
北京天安门英文导游词
Tian’anmen( the Gate of Heavenly Peace), is located in the center of Beijing. It was first built in 1417 and named Chengtianmen( the Gate of Heavenly Succession). At the end of the Ming Dynasty, it was seriously damaged by war. When it was rebuilt under the Qing in 1651, it was renamed Tian’anmen, and served as the main entrance to the Imperial City, the administrative and residential quarters for court officials and retainers. The southern sections of the Imperial City wall still stand on both sides of the Gate. The tower at the top of the gate is nine-room wide and five –room deep. According to the Book of Changes, the two numbers nine and five, when combined, symbolize the supreme status of a sovereign.
During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Tian’anmen was the place where state ceremonies took place. The most important one of them was the issuing of imperial edicts, which followed these steps:
1) The Minister of Rites would receive the edict in Taihedian( Hall of Supreme Harmony), where the Emperor was holding his court. The minister would then carry the decree on a yunpan( tray of cloud), and withdraw from the hall via Taihemen( Gate of supreme Harmony)
2) The Minister would put the tray in a miniature longting( dragon pavilion). Beneath a yellow umbrella and carry it via Wumen( Meridian Gate), to Tian’anmen Gate tower.
3) A courtier would be invested to proclaim the edict. The civil and military officials lining both sides of the gateway beneath the tower would prostrate themselves in the direction of the emperor in waiting for the decree to the proclaimed.
4) The courtier would then put the edict in a phoenix-shaped wooden box and lower it from the tower by means of a silk cord. The document would finally be carried in a similar tray of cloud under a yellow umbrella to the Ministry of Rites.
5) The edict, copied on yellow paper, would be made known to the whole country.
Such a process was historically recorded as “ Imperial Edict Issued by Golden Phoenix”.
During the Ming and Qing dynasties Tian’anmen was the most important passage. It was this gate that the Emperor and his retinue would go through on their way to the altars for ritual and religious activities.
On the Westside of Tian’anmen stands ZhongshanPark( Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s Park), and on the east side, the Working People’s Cultural Palave. The Park was formerly called Shejitan( Altar of Land and Grain), built in 1420 for offering sacrificial items to the God of Land. It was opened to the public as a park in 1914 and its name was changed in 1928 to the present one in memory of the great pioneer of the Chinese Democratic Revolution.
The Working People’s Cultural Palace used to be Taimiao( the Supreme Ancestral Temple), where tablets of the deceased dynastic rulers were kept.
The stream in front of Tian’anmen is called Waijinshuihe( Outer Golden River),with seven marble bridges spanning over it . Of these seven bridges,historical records say the middle one was for the exclusive use of the emperor and was accordingly called Yuluqiao( Imperial Bridge). The bridges flanking it on either side were meant for the members of the royal family and were therefore called Wanggongqiao( Royal’s Bridges). Farther away on each side of the two were bridges for officials ranking above the third order and were named Pinjiqiao( ministerial Bridges). The remaining two bridges were for the use by the retinue below the third order and wre called Gongshengqiao( common Bridges). They anr the one in front of the Supreme Ancestral Temple to the east and the one in front of the Altar of land and Grain to the west.
The two stone lions by the Gate of Tian’anmen, one on each side were meant as sentries. They gaze toward the middle axis, guarding the emperor’s walkway. In front of the gate stands a pair of marble columns called Huabiao. They are elaborately cut in bas-relief following the pattern of a legendary dragon. Behind the gate stands another pair of similar columns. The story of Huabiao may be traced to a couple of sources. One of the versions accredits its invention to one of the Chinese sage kings named Yao, who was said to have set up a wooden pillar in order to allow the ordinary people to expose evil-doers, hence it was originally called a slander pillar. Later it ws reduced to a signpost, and now it serves as an ornament.
The beast sitting on the top of the column is called” hou”, a legendary animal, which is said to have been a watcher of an emperor’s behaviour. He was doing such duties as warning the emperor against staying too long outside the palace or indulging in pleasure and urging him to go to the people for their complaints or return in due time. Therefore, the two pairs of beasts were given the names” Wangjunhui”( Expecting the emperor’s coming back) and “ wangjunchu”( Expecting the emperor’s going out) respectinvely.
In the old days, Tian’anmen, as a part of the Imperial City, was meant for important occasions. The two rows of chaofang( antechamber), on the sides behind the main gate, wre reserved for civil and military members of the government waiting for imperial audience and in front of the gate, were offices of imperial administration.
On October 1, 1949, chairman Mao Zedong proclaimed on Tian’anmen Rostrum the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Since then Tian’anmen has been the symbol of New Chinea. Chairman Mao’s portrait is hung above the central entrance, flanked by two slogans:” Long Live the Great Unity of the Peoples of the World”. Today , the splendour of Tian’anmen attracts million of visitors from all over the world. The Rostrum on its top was opened in 1988 to the public for the first time in its history. It offers a panoramic view of the Square and the city proper.
Tian’anmen Square
Situated due south of Tian’anmen, the Square has an area of 44 hectares( 109 acres) that can accommodate as many as one million people for public gatherings. It has witnessed may historical events in China’s modern history and is a place for celebrations on such festive days as international Labour Day on May 1st and national Day on October 1st.
Around the Square are several famous buildings:
1 The Great Hall of the People
This is one of the largest congressional buildings in the world. Built in 1959, the hall consists of three parts: a 10,000-seat auditorium in the center, a banquet hall in the north wing facing Chang’an Street, with a seating capacity of 5,000, and offices for the Standing Committee of the National Peoples’ Congress of China in the south. In addition, thirty-four reception chambers are named after various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly unde the Central Government, plus Hong Kong and Macao. Each is different from the other in decoration and furnishings to stress their local features.
2 The Museum of Chinese History and the Museum of the Chinese Revolution
These two museums were also built in 1959. the museum of Chinese History houses a permanent exhibition in four parts, covering the entire process of Chinese history spanning from 1.7 million years ago to 1919:
1) The Primitive Society( 1.7 million years ago to the 21st century BC);
2) The Slave Society(21st century BC to 476 BC.);
3) The Feudal Society(475 BC. To 1840 AD.);
4) The Semi-Colonial and Semi- Fedual Society(1840 to 1919.)
The Museum of the Chinese Revolution covers the period from 1919 to 1949.
3 The Monument to the People’s Heroes
the monument was built in memory of thousands of martyrs who died for the revolutionary cause of the Chinese people. Its construction began on August 1, 1952 and was not completed until 1958. in the form of an obelisk, the Monument as made of more than 17,000 pieces of tranite and white marble. The purple piece inlaid in the front of the Monument was brought from Qingdao, Shandong Province. It is 38 meters(124ft 8 in) high, the loftiest of its kind ever seen in the country. Not only is it an historic memorial for immortal heroes, but also it is an artistic work of excellent architectural value.
On the front side of the Monument is an engraved inscription in Chinese characters written by Chairman Mao Zedong, which reads” Eternal Glory to the People’s Heroes!”. On the back of the Monument is an article written by Chairman Mao, but in Chinese calligraphy by the late Premier Zhou Enlai.
At the top of the Monument are eight gigantic carved wreathes of such flowers as peony, lotus and chrysanthemum, symbolizing nobility, purity, and fortitude. At the base of the monument are eight marble reliefs depicting the Chinese historic events since 1840. They are:
1) The Burning of Opium in 1840:
2) The uprising of 1851 in Jintian, Guangxi;
3) The Revolution of 1911;
4) The May Fourth Movement of 1919;
5) The May 30th Movement of 1925;
6) The Uprising of 1927 in Nanchang, Jiangxi;
7) The War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression from 1937 to 1945;
8) The Victorious Crossing over the Yangtze River by the Peoples’s Liberation Army in 1949. This relief is flanked by two smaller ones—“ Supplying the Front” and “ Greeting the P.L.A.”.
4 Chairman Mao’s Mausoleum
Chairman Mao Zedong, the founder of the People’s Pepublic of China, passed away on Sepember 9, 1976. In commemoration of this great man, a mausoleum began to be constructed in November 1976, and was completes in August the following year. The Mausoleum was officially opened on September 9, 1977.
The mausoleum is surrounded by four groups of sculpture. East of the northern entrance is the sculpture depicting the period of the New Democratic Revolution( 1919-1949), and west of it is the one signifying the great achievements of the Chinese people during the period of slcialist revolution and construction since 1949. The sculptures in front of the southern gate are figures of workers, peasants soldiers, intellectuals, technicians and children.
Inside the Mausoleum are three main sections: A white marble statue of Chairman Mao is mounted on a platform in the front lobby. On the wall behind the statue is a 24-metre-long( 79-foot-long) tapestry, a fine needlepoint work with beautiful landscapes of the country.
In the main hall there is a crystal coffin, in which Chairman Mao’s body lies stately with the Communist Party’s flag covering over him.
On the wall of the southern lobby, a poem by Chairman Mao and in his own calligraphy is inscribed in gold inlay. It expresses his full great expectations for the country.
Tian’ anmen Square has now completed its renovation after eight months’ hard work to welcome the 50th anniversary of the People’s Republic in 1999.
河源苏家围英文导游词
The Sujiawei Hakka Village Tourism Zone is a must for tourists who are interested in the Hakka culture and customs.
Bordering Dongjiang River in the north and Jiushe River in the south, the village is located in the Heshui Township, 26km away from the city of Heyuan.
Today the village is described as a “picturesque village in south china”, featuring old trees and houses, wild lands, bamboos and fresh air. Also it has a profound cultural history and is said to be the habitat of descendants of Su Shi, who also known as Su Dongpo, a famous Chinese literate in Northern Song Dynasty. Hence All people living in the village now are surnamed “Su”.
It also provides some performances for travelers to get a better known of Hakka culture such as their wedding customs. You can take part in the producing lines of making bean curd, wine or oil; or enjoy yourself in activities like fishing, swimming and boating.
The first spot we encounter is the Yingqing Bridge, where has a panoramic view of Sujiawei. The bridge is a place to welcome all families, relatives and friends.
Here is purple perilla park. The purple perilla can be used as medicine to cure cold, or purple dye or cooking. The origin of this park is as follows: one day one of Su Shi’s offspring passed by this place, he dreamed five old men pointed a big tree and told him it is perilla tree. When he woke up, he found this place is full of perilla, and the environment is quite beautiful, so he thought the old men would like he move the Su clan here. So after he came back, he always mentioned this dream to his late generations. To fulfill his this dream, over 700 years ago, the Su clan moved here and Sujiawei started its story.
From this purple perilla park to Pool lips estate, is gallery of Hakka villages gender culture, which shows the Hakka people’s moral ideas and customs, they think everything has two opposite extremes like negative and positive. In Hakka dialect, have a boy baby is named “tian deng”, the same pronunciation as “add a lantern”. So in Chinese lantern festival, any family which has a new boy baby will hang a big lantern in their ancestors’ shrine.
Later we will visit Sugong Shrine Yongsi Hall, Guanghua hall, Su school and Yi Jiang temple. You may find the Hakka architecture is well preserved here. These ancient buildings are square flat houses with dark blue bricks and roof tiles that belong to the style of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The oldest house, Yongsi Hall, was built in 1481 in memory of Su Dongshan, the eighth-generation descendant of Su Dongpo and as a place for the villagers to worship their ancestors and discuss important affairs.
Now we walk along the Dongjiang river and enjoy the Hakka folk music. At the riverside you see bamboo everywhere. Su Dongpo loved bamboo, he once said “I can eat without meat, but I can not live without bamboo. No meat to eat only makes me thin; but live without bamboo makes me vulgar”!
Walking so long time, are you a bit tired and thirsty? Let’s go to Her Workshops to taste Hakka traditional snacks and tea. There are tea leaf, sesame, peanut, red jujube and longan in the tea. Do you taste them?
Ok, after a break, we go to experience traditional Hakka wedding performance. If you are lucky to be chosen and act as the bridegroom, you will be invited to the stage and join their show.
The village also preserves many slogans printed on the walls during 1950s to 1970s, which are silent witnesses to Chinese modern history.
Do you see the big bamboo hats holding by bamboo sticks in line? It is farm four seasons gallery. On the bamboo hats marked farming planting and harvesting dates and festivals.
Finally we have 15-minutes free activity in the countryside vegetable fields. You may like farmers to pick fruits, vegetables you like in the fields.
篇14:伟大的悲剧读后感
时间是星期六,因为周六学校七彩柱广场偶尔会有卖书的摊子在,所以就怀着出去散步的心态去看了一下,果然发现了有一家在,就快步地走了上去,一本灰红黑相间封面的书吸引了我的眼球,定眼一看是韩寒著的《1988我想和这个世界谈谈》。韩寒这个当代作家我并不是非常的熟悉,也可以说是根本不熟悉,在之前没有读过他的作品,这在外人的眼中看起来似乎是不可能的,一个90后的文科男竟然没有读过,但是现在我后悔了,后悔之前没有读过,当读完这部小说后,深深佩服这位当代赛车手作家。
一辆1988,一条路,就组成了如此美妙而又深刻的小说。
之前也有听同学讲过这本书的题材是“公路小说”。因为此前从未接触过,所以充满好奇。看完后,所谓“公路小说”就是以路途为载体,反应人生观、现实观的小说。在我看来,韩寒的这部书与其称为小说,倒不如说是一篇语言犀利、幽默,内涵颇深的杂文。这部书表达了作者对现实世界的一些看法。
《1988》以一部旅行车“1988”为载体,通过路上的见闻、过去的回忆扑朔迷离的人物关系等各种现实场景表现作者的观点。在《1988》中,韩寒仍然延续自己敢言的个性,开始即讲述在洗浴城嫖妓的故事,尺度大开。气候更是继其一贯路线,风流而不下流,民俗而不低俗。作品本身也不过几十万字,然而正是这几十万字,却谈到了大量的问题,关于人生、关于社会,也关于自我,有调侃,有讽刺,更有追问。
在《1988》中主要介绍了两个人物一个是陆子野,另一个是娜娜。陆子野是小说的主人公,1988的主人。他是一个迷茫的人,一直在寻找着什么,同时也在逃避着什么。对初恋,他寻找了6年,找到后却选择离开。陆子野一直在选择逃避的方式去生活。他不喜欢去面对,总是从一座城市去另一座城市,漫无目的不知道方向在哪里。他不只是在逃避熟人和回忆,更是在逃避自己无法承受的事实。总觉的自己换一座城市生活后,一起都可以重新开始。他无数次试图冲破这个矛盾但是都失败了。他是一个矛盾的人,一直在逃避,却又一直生活在过去和朋友们的影像中。陆子野其实就是韩寒在小说中的影射人物,陆子野的看法和观点就是韩寒的看法和观点。作者是在借助主人公和这个世界谈谈罢了。
娜娜是陆子野在半路邂逅的一个妓女。相貌普通,没有文化没有手艺但是思想简单、心地善良的一个姑娘。娜娜虽然生活卑微,但是不惧怕现实,对生活一直抱有希望。虽然经过无数次的欺骗,但是她仍然有坚持梦想的希望和勇气娜娜最大的希望就是能在这个世界留下些什么,最终她也是 这部小说的最终赢家。她在小说中一直陪伴着路子野,直到了旅途的终点。虽然她最终也倒在了现实的面前,但是她却和别人不一样,因为她留住了象征希望和美好的孩子。娜娜最终是死还是活,小说虽然没有交代,但是我认为娜娜最终是死亡的。根据他的她的职业工作的性质,她得的病应该是艾滋。
陆子野和娜娜都有一个共同的特点,那就是他们想清零自己、重新开始新的生活,但方式却是不尽相同。陆子野是通过逃避的方式来清零自己,从一座城市到另一座城市;而娜娜认为自己逃避不了过去、自身已经无法洗净,于是选择以重生的方式来清零自己,并把重生的希望寄托在自己的孩子身上——这也是为什么非要坚持生下这个孩子的原因。
妓女是韩寒小说中出现频率较高的一个群体,也是作品女主角中的热门人选。本书以妓女为女一号,在中国是不多见的,这也许就是作者想借这一社会中的特殊群体来反映出这个社会的最真实的一面,同时也是当代中国最真实的缩影,以这个对象进行创作,证明作者不是一个青春写手,而是一位现实主义作家,与郭敬明、张悦然有着截然不同的风格。
《1988》里人物的死亡多是悲剧性的,不像《他的国》里领导人等那样死的多么喜感和讽刺。陆子野在旅途的尽头,迎接到的却是朋友的骨灰,韩寒安排这样的结尾,也是为了表现理想的苍白和结局的荒芜。其实这个世界就像1988和娜娜一样,平凡的不能再平凡、普通的无法普通,甚至有些贱。人也是如此。
《1988》不仅标志这韩寒小说的风格在一定程度上的改变,同时也标志着韩寒的成熟,无论是写作上还是思想上。这部小说少了一些发泄,多了一份思考。
也许是韩寒不想和这个世界掐架了,他想和这个世界谈谈。
篇15:我国食品安全工作总结
区学校、幼儿园及其周边食品安全,净化儿童食品消费环境,保障少年儿童的身体健康和生命安全,我乡于3月10日-12日组织工商、卫生、学校等单位负责人对辖区内食品安全工作进行了一次专项检查,现将工作开张情况总结如下:
一、检查重点
本次专项检查的重点是:对辖区内学校幼儿园食堂及其周边是否建立主食品安全责任制;是否具有餐饮服务许可证;环境卫生是否整洁;布局流程程是否合理;加工制作、冷藏、消毒等设备是否完善从业人员健康证明是否有效;索证索票制度是否落实;清洗消毒是否到位;加工管理制度是否落实;是否落实有关原料来源、进货渠道、索证验收、台账记录等规定、是否存在违法使用食品添加剂行为。重点是三中食堂经营管理是否规范、食品原料是否定点集中采购、是否违规加工出售凉菜.是否制定有食物中毒事故应急处置预案。
二、主要做法及成效
1、对辖区内学校、幼儿园及周边商店查处无证照经营、超范围经营食品以及经销假冒伪劣、“三无”过期、腐烂变质食品的违法行为进行查处。
2、是对货台帐,索证索票,挂牌承诺等食品监管制度进行检查,本次共查食品经营店18户。责令限期整改两户,没收小麻辣食品15袋。
3、是对学校幼儿园食堂及周边小餐馆、小吃店原材料不符合餐饮业原材料采购和使用规定,对食堂、餐馆、小吃店以及食品经营者的卫生条件,废弃物处理等方面进行严格检查,发现问题及时要求整改。
三、存在问题
1、是学校、幼儿园及周边个别商店还存在过期或小麻辣食品,虽然没有造成重大事故,但存在安全隐患;
2、是个别小吃店的从业人员没有餐饮服务许可证,健康难以保证;
3、是校园周边的流动摊点卫生较差,食品安全难于保证。
四、下一步工作措施
1、是迅速切实可行的工作方案,集中人力、物力,对学校、幼儿园食堂及其周边的食品进行长期监督。
2、是继续搞好学校、幼儿园及周边食品安全工作。定期对学校、幼儿园及周边食品安全工作进行检查,对存在的问题使其进行限期或当场整改。
3是加强宣传,增强广大师生和从业人员的食品安全意识,正确引导,确保不出问题。
篇16:“伟大祖国好”团日活动总结_团日活动总结_网
此次的团组织活动在开始找教室的时候遇到了一些小小的麻烦,之前申请好的教室因为临时的变动不能用了。直接导致的结果是使团组织活动推迟了十五分钟,给同学们造成了一定程度上的不便。今后在申请教室这方面一定要考虑周全。
国商q0841团组织活动是“家庭联产承包制”,即每次的活动不再单纯的只是团支书和组织委员来写策划,之后这个工作将会分派到每个寝室。由这个寝室来负责整个的一次团组织活动的整个的人员安排,策划,组织。组织委员和宣传委员则负责帮助和协调承包此次团组织活动寝室的工作,给与意见和建议,团支书负责监督质量,保证活动顺利有序,有新意地开展。
本次的团组织活动是由女生桔5—349寝室负责,从写策划,到安排人员,分派任务,可爱的六姐妹体现了家人般的凝聚力,经过一个星期的辛苦筹备,为国商班奉献了一个特别的团组织活动。现场的气氛很热烈,游戏环节和知识竞答环节,同学们都争先恐后地展示着自己的幽默与才智,掀起了一波又一波的欢乐的浪潮。看着洋溢在同学脸上的笑容,我们真的感觉到自己需要国商这样一个有着无限包容与温暖的集体!它让我们感觉到力量和爱。
可能由于是第一次由单个寝室来操办相对较大的活动,有一些地方还显得经验不足。比如说,在ppt的展示部分,四个小组的同学说的东西太多,而且让人感觉很枯燥,如果中间能够放一些趣味性的东西或者是实人表演,效果或许会更好。其次,经过这么多次的团组织生活,几乎每次上台涉及到要说比较多话的部分,上场的总是那几个人。国商班的舞台是为每一个同学设置的,如果真正需要锻炼的同学在这里得不到锻炼,那活动再如何精彩都是失败的。第三,整个的环节安排上很不紧凑,同学们的时间都是很宝贵的,如果是因为组织的不当使得组织浪费同学们的时间,让同学们耽误了其他的安排,这是需要反省与改进的。
一个活动开展的成功与否其实是需要很多方的努力才能完美的完成的。不仅仅是活动的策划者和组织者,其实最重要的应该是现场的观众。我们做团组织活动如果仅仅是为了应付学生会同学的检查去应付差事,那其实是浪费了我们自己宝贵的青春。大学同学能够聚在一起的时间是非常少的,而团组织活动就是这样一个契机,让同学们在欢笑声中找到集体的温暖与来自同学间纯洁的关爱,这是我们在以后人生中都不会有的财富。试问我们有多少同志找各种各样的理由不来参加班级活动,从而白白失掉了让自己温润,让自己接近真诚与快乐的契机呢?
或许不是同学们不愿意来参加团组织活动,而是这个活动它本身的质量让人失望。这就给团支部的同志们提出了更高的发展目标:要让每一位同学觉得一个月一次的团组织生活实在是太少了,很想在国商班的舞台上展示真实的自己!要让身在国商班的人因为有这样一个集体而自豪,温暖,怀念。当我们在十年,二十年之后再回忆起自己的大学生活的时候能够骄傲地说:有一群可爱的人曾给过我快乐,有一个集体曾让我无比温暖。。。
国商班是一个藏着很多龙的海洋,只是大家现在都是潜龙。但我们相信,只要给龙一个舞台,他(她)就能够跳出最美的舞步!
一直就相信国商人是最优秀的!
篇17:致孔子先生的一封信
您好!
我要向您“汇报”一些我们中华人民共和国的发展过程,我们伟大的祖国至今已经有两千多年的历史了。
在教育上,我们国家以先进的技术给予我们优越的学习条件,整洁的校园,校园中一栋栋大楼是我们学习的地方,大楼中又分为一间间的教室,教师中一排排整齐的桌椅,桌子上有我们的课本,我们便坐在这干净整齐的环境下学习,在我们面向的前方有一个叫做“多媒体”的好东西来帮助我们更好的了解课程,理解内容。
在历史课上,我们学到了关于您的历史,我深刻的认为您是中华民族最伟大的古人,您为我们创造的教育、学习的方法,早已流传至今,我为您而感到骄傲。
现在的教育水平,使我们成为一代代国家栋梁,国家的发展离不开有才华的人,而这些为国家做贡献的人,也是中华民族培养的儿女我们登月计划顺利完成,为国家取得莫大的荣誉,我国也顺利申办奥运会,百年奥运的梦想,我们实现了!我为国家骄傲,我为我是中华儿女自豪!
曾经,我国也发生了灾难,那些地震、泥石流、雪灾、旱灾摧毁了无数人的生命与家庭,但是我们万众一心,用生命来解救他们,用力量来鼓舞他们,用奇迹来证明中国的团结,天灾我们不怕,我们敢于面对,因为有中国,有十三亿的人来为我们加油。
中国的今天,离不开您的付出。您的教育被后人沿用至今,您的教诲,是千古不变的警句。您早已成为中华民族最璀璨的一颗,您一定要保佑中华民族,让它永远兴旺发达,让它永远发光发热,让它永远顽强、永远夺目!
篇18:大专的毕业论文:我国产权制度_毕业论文范文_网
论文最好能建立在平日比较注意探索的问题的基础上,写论文主要是反映学生对问题的思考, 详细内容请看下文大专的毕业论文。
一、以产权的社会化实现国有企业改革的新突破。
以产权的实际占有为基础,建立企业与职工的利益共同体,是调动广大劳动者积极性的根本措施;劳动者、技术人员、管理者和企业家逐步地成为本企业的产权占有者是国企改革取得突破的关键。
1、加快产权制度改革是国有企业建立有效的公司治理结构的前提。产权主体的社会化是实现政企分开、建立现代企业制度的基础和前提。在产权主体社会化和产权清晰的前提下才有可能形成有效的公司治理结构。产权主体的社会化有利于形成多元化利益主体的风险与责任意识,强化企业的自我约束机制。
2、产权制度改革是建立企业与职工利益共同体的基础。建立在现代市场经济条件下的企业与职工的密切结合是现代市场经济条件下普遍追求的重要目标。在充分承认和实现劳动者、经营管理者和技术人才之间不同作用和贡献的前提下,实现职工持股并保持合理的差别性,并由此使各类人力资本的作用得到更充分的发挥。在承认并确立劳动力产权的基础上,将劳动者利益与企业利益、国家利益长期地、合理地统一起来,逐步形成国家、集体和个人的利益共同体。
3、以股份制改革为重点加快大型企业的产权制度改革。
4、采取多种形式促进国有中小企业的产权制度改革。在我国经济体制转型的关键时期,促进国有中小企业的发展对促进经济发展和社会稳定具有深远影响。目前,应当进一步解放思想,总结经验,加大放开搞活国有中小企业的力度。在逐步规范的前提下,提高企业改制过程中职工持股和经理人员融资收购的比例,是加快国有中小企业改革步伐的重要选择。
5、加快寻求国有资产管理的有效形式是实现国有企业制度创新的重要条件。深化国有企业改革,建立符合社会主义市场经济体制要求的、有效的国有资产管理体制至关重要。应当正确地估计和认识国有企业和国有资产在建立完善社会主义市场经济体制进程中的地位和作用,在保持国有经济合理规模和合理比例的基础上,提高国有资产市场化运作的程度,实现由国有资产向国有资本的转变,并建立科学的管理体制和运营机制。
二、以产权主体的泛化促进民营经济的进一步发展。
投资者、管理者、科技人员有差别地持有本企业的股份,这是现代市场经济条件下民营经济、特别是民营高科技企业高成长的关键。
1、产权主体泛化是解决民营经济发展中人才、技术制约的最重要的举措。民营企业产权体制上也存在某种程度的产权主体残缺问题。民营企业中人力资本在企业运营中的作用愈益突出,企业的核心技术人员和管理人员的去留决定着企业的生存和发展。解决民营经济中人才的供给与需求的不对称,如缺乏成就感、创新障碍,根本途径在于建立产权激励机制,使他们成为民营企业产权的实际占有者。
2、产权主体泛化是民营经济发展到一定阶段的必然选择。克服产权的家族化制约,是民营经济进一步获得发展的重要经验。
三、以投资主体的多元化推进基础设施领域的改革。
1、投资主体单一国有是造成基础领域效率低下、发展滞后的关键因素。基础设施建设投资主要是政府财政投资,民间资本投资空间和渠道没有打通。单一国有投资体制是形成基础领域行政性垄断难以打破的根源。
2、加强基础领域的投资必须与促进基础领域投资主体多元化改革同步进行。政府不可能成为基础领域长期的投资主体,真正的主体是企业,尤其是民营企业。
3、打破行政垄断,开放市场准入,为民间资本进入基础领域创造条件。加入wto条件下,优先对内开放,允许民间资本提前介入。分步推进,多种形式促进民间资本进入基础领域。
4、改革政府对基础项目的管理体制和投融资体制。
四、以产权清晰为前提,加快国有商业银行的股份制改革。
1、对国有商业银行进行股份制改造迫在眉睫。加入wto,国有商业银行面临巨大的压力。国有商业银行改革的核心,是在剥离不良资产的前提下,加快产权制度改革,建立严格有效的治理结构。
2、寻求更彻底地处理不良债权的办法,为国有商业银行的股份制改革创造条件。过高的不良资产是国有商业银行进行股份制改革的难点所在,并积聚着巨大的金融风险。从根本上解决长期积累下来的不良资产,需要采取更为彻底的办法。可实行债务全面托管的一揽子办法,允许民间资本入股国有资产管理公司,在严格监管的基础上给民营资产管理公司较大的业务活动范围和适当的优惠政策。
3、加快金融立法,建立有效的金融监管体系。适应加入wto的原则和要求,要参照国际惯例,抓紧制定和完善我国金融资产管理、信托投资公司管理以及中央银行监管条例等金融监管法律法规,逐步完善中国金融业的监管体制,逐步实现由分业管理向混业管理的过渡,并注重开放中的风险防范。
4、适时推进利率市场化,完善资本市场建设。
五、以产权激励机制为基础,加快实现收入分配制度改革的实质性突破。
合理的产权激励最有效,是人力资源开发的关键。因此,收入分配体制改革要与产权体制改革相配套。
1、产权制度改革是收入分配制度改革的关键。在确立劳动力产权的前提下,鼓励管理、技术等生产要素参与收益分配是新时期按劳分配与按生产要素分配相结合的体现。以产权激励的方式实现收入分配制度改革的有效突破。
2、产权激励是促进人力资源合理配置的基础制度。计划经济体制下人力资本得不到确认,人力资源配置极不合理。企业家拥有财产权,是现代市场经济中企业家在企业作用的必然要求。实践证明,企业家拥有部分股权,从而成为企业的实际控制者和剩余索取者,是人力资本在现代企业治理中作用不断提高的具体表现,它反映了现代企业治理结构的新特点、新趋势。
篇19:伟大的悲剧读后感
在金锁记中留给我印象最深的两个人物一个是二奶奶七巧以及她的女儿长安。对于七巧我开始只觉得的她可恨可叹但看到最后也觉得她可悲起来。对于她的遭遇也会产生同情。故事的结尾写到七巧心想她当时如果嫁给哥的结拜兄弟丁玉根,张少泉,或是沈裁缝是否他们会给她一点真心,眼睛落下了泪水。但七巧内心的扭曲与自私劈杀了几个人,七巧的精神枷锁使长白的妻子绢姑娘和芝寿先后死去,并且都死的悲惨。让自己的女儿失去幸福,最终走向堕落。七巧为了让长安婚事流产。对童世舫的神经进行了一次又一次的刺激。最终让他放弃了婚事。很想不通七巧自己已经遭到了封建枷锁的毒害失去了婚姻的幸福,丈夫对她冷漠没有一点关爱,家中人都低看她瞧不起她,她不仅没有对自己的孩子更加关爱,反而是一种报复。只因为自己的孩子姓姜。
我觉得七巧实在是太可悲。书中我最喜欢的女子是长安,长安是个善良温柔的传统中国女子,虽然她抽鸦片,但不完全是她的原因。也因为她身处封建家庭所以导致了她接连的悲剧。从中一个细节可以看出她的善良当七巧对她一次一次威胁,她都没有退缩这个婚事,当她的母亲以童世舫威胁她时,她退缩了。她知道她的母亲不仅会告诉他抽鸦片的事,还会想办法对付他。但这一切童世舫都不知道。他们两个解除了婚姻后两人依然交往,只是从以前的地上转入了地下,这时童世舫对长安的感觉产生了变化开始对长安喜爱,以前童世舫之所以想和长安结婚只是因为她是个传统女子有安全感,因为他曾经被新派女子抛弃。深受打击而已。因此想找个传统女子。对于童世舫的爱情,张爱玲可能觉得男人的爱都是有附加条件的,完美的爱是不存在的。当她听到长安抽鸦片后,便对长安再也没什么想法了。有的只是沉默。当他面对长安时不去问长安为何抽鸦片?只用无声来凝望他。童世舫对长安的爱也只停留在世俗大多数人的婚姻价值观而已。长安要得到真正的爱又谈何容易。当七巧死后。她的孩子长安和长白也只能悲剧收场。
篇20:我国电子商务调研报告_调研报告_网
精彩导读:电子商务逐渐以从传统产业b2b为主体。电子商务服务商(dotcom公司)正在从虚幻、风险资本市场转向现实市场需求的变化,与有商务传统企业结合,同时开始出现一些较为成功、开始赢利的电子商务应用……
一、我国电子商务发展过程可分为三阶段:
1.1990-1993,开展edi的电子商务应用阶段
我国九十年代开始开展edi的电子商务应用,自1990年开始,国家计委、科委将edi列入"八五"国家科技攻关项目,如外经贸部国家外贸许可证edi系统、中国对外贸易运输总公司中国外运海运/空运管理edi系统、中国化工进出口公司"中化财务、石油、橡胶贸易edi系统"及山东抽纱公司"edi在出口贸易中的应用"等。1991年9月由国务院电子信息系统推广应用办公室牵头会同国家计委、科委、外经贸部、国内贸易部、交通部、邮电部、电子部、国家技术监督局、商检局、外汇管理局、海关总署、中国银行、人民银行、中国人民保险公司、税务局、贸促会等八个部委局发起成立"中国促进edi应用协调小组",同年10月成立"中国edifact委员会"并参加亚洲edifact理事会,目前已有18个国家部门成员和10个地方委员会。edi在国内外贸易、交通、银行等部门应用。
2.1993-1997政府领导组织开展"三金工程"阶段,为电子商务发展打基础。
1993年成立国务院付总理为主席的国民经济信息化联席会议及其办公室,相继组织了金关、金卡、金税等"三金工程",取得了重大进展。1994年5月中国人民银行、电子部、全球信息基础设施委员会(giic)共同组织"北京电子商务际论坛",来自美、英、法、德、日本、澳大利亚,埃及加拿大等国700人参加。1994年10月"亚太地区电子商务研讨会在京召开",使电子商务概念开始在我国传播。1995年,中国互联网开始商业化。互联网公司(isp、.com公司)开始兴起.
1996年1月成立国务院国家信息化工作领导小组,由副总理任组长,20多个部委参加,统一领导组织我国信息化建设。1996年,全桥网与因特网正式开通。
1997年,信息办组织有关部门起草编制我国信息化规划,1997年4月在深圳召开全国信息化工作会议,各省市地区相继成立信息化领导小组及其办公室各省开始制订本省包含电子商务在内的信息化建设规划。1997年,广告主开始使用网络广告。1997年4月以来,中国商品订货系统(cgos)开始运行。
3.1998年开始进入互联网电子商务发展阶段
1998年3月,我国第一笔互联网网上交易成功。1998年7月,中国商品交易市场正式宣告成立,被称为"永不闭幕的广交会"。中国商品现货交易市场,是我国第一家现货电子交易市场,1999年现货电子市场电子交易额当年达到亿人民币。中国银行与电信数据信局合作在湖南进行中国银行电子商务试点,推出我国第一套基于set的电子商务系统。1998年10月,国家经贸委与信息产业部联合宣布启动以电子贸易为主要内容的金贸工程,它是一项推广网络化应用、开发电子商务在经贸流通领域的大型应用试点工程.。1998年首都、上海等城市启动电子商务工程,开展电子商场、电子商厦及电子商城的试点,开展网上购物与网上交易,建立金融与非金融论证中心,和有关标准、法规,为今后开展电子商务打下基础。我目前国电子商务尚处起步阶段或初始阶段。医药电子商务网于98年投入运营,医疗卫生行业1万个企事业单位联网,能提供上千种中西药品信息。全国库存商品调节网络、全国建筑在线、房地产网上促销,都已正式开通。
1999年3月8848等b2c网站正式开通,网上购物进入实际应用阶段.
1999年兴起政府上网、企业上网,电子政务(政府上网工程)、网上纳税、网上教育(湖南大学、浙江大学网上大学),远程诊断(北京、上海的大医院)等广义电子商务开始启动,并已有试点,并进入实际试用阶段,XX年,我国电子商务进入了务实发展阶段。
电子商务逐渐以从传统产业b2b为主体。电子商务服务商(dotcom公司)正在从虚幻、风险资本市场转向现实市场需求的变化,与有商务传统企业结合,同时开始出现一些较为成功、开始赢利的电子商务应用。由于基础设施等外部环境的进一步完善,电子商务应用方式的进一步完善,现实市场对电子商务的需求正在成熟,电子商务软件和解决方案的"本土化"趋势加快,国内企业开发或着眼于国内应用的电子商务软件和解决方案逐渐在市场上占据主导。我国电子商务全面启动并已初见成效。基于网络的电子商务的优势将进一步发挥出来。
二、b2b的相关知识
b2b平台是电子商务的一种模式,是英文business-to-business的缩写,即商业对商业,或者说是企业间的电子商务,即企业与企业之间通过互联网进行产品、服务及信息的交换。
b2b平台中的两个b均代表business,“2”则是英语“two”的谐音,代表“to”。因此一般来说我们把b2b仍然按照英文的读音“b-to-b”来念,而不是把“2”作为中文发音。
b2b平台包括两种基本模式:一种是企业之间直接进行的电子商务(如制造商的在线采购和在线供货等);另一种是通过第三方电子商务网站平台进行的商务活动。例如,国内著名电子商务网站阿里巴巴是一个b2b平台,蜗牛供求网也是典型的b2b平台,各类企业可以通过阿里巴巴进行企业间的电子商务(b2b),如发布和查询供求信息,与潜在客户/供应商进行在线交流和商务洽谈等。
b2b可以分为以下两种模式:
1.面向制造业或面向商业的垂直b2b(又可以称之为行业b2b)。
2.面向中间交易市场的b2b(又可以称之为区域性b2b)。
三、中国互联网发展状况
1.现状分析
网民规模突破4亿大关手机网民成增长主力
商务应用快速发展网络安全仍为最大制约因素
网络视频用户止跌回升3g推动网络文学用户增长
2.发展预测
互联网产业分工趋向细化
应用突破是互联网产业发展的关键
产业的生态圈还需进一步突破
3.商业机会
(1)非网络化服务网络化看商业机会
非网络化服务网络化是很多已经成功的互联网企业走过的路。在很多人质疑是不是都是it技术员才看的四通利方体育论坛已经发展成为了中国媒体影响力已经可以和中央电视台比肩的新浪。很多人怀疑是否会有那么多的人通过网络订房订票的时候,携程已经快速发展起来并建立了一定的行业壁垒。
(2)跨平台下的商业机会
一些和电脑终端近似的其他接入设备出现和普及,也会造就很多跨平台的商业机会。例如2.5g/3g下的智能手机平台,以及最近被媒体频频炒作的网络电视(iptv)平台。前一段时间,sony也刚刚发布的新的psp,不仅可以玩游戏、而且可以听音乐看电影,完全是一个多元化的娱乐终端,加上蓝牙、wifi等多元接入手段,sony也想类似于ps2打造一个平台,但是是可以随身携带的互动娱乐平台。不过,主导一个平台是非常费时费力的,在中国,如果没有强大的资金背景、政府背景、市场意识和社会资源,主导一个新的平台往往只是一个梦想。
(3)新技术带来的商业机会
网络上的新技术曾出不穷,但是真正对用户有直接价值的可能只小部分。有些我们看来是新技术其实可能已经不是最近发明的,而是最近才流行的。例如p2p、blog等新的技术服务形式,很早就已经出现,但是中国的网络用户使用习惯还没有养成,所以还没有形成比较大的影响力。