晋书原文翻译优秀3篇 范文大全及解释（推荐20篇）

My name is guo ribbon, 10 years old this year, I was a girl, yiyang province ruanjiang city lotus pond fourth grade school, my hobby has a lot of, such as: singing, painting, and write a composition... As for me, I have a nickname called BaBa. Has a black head of long hair, bangs. Though I only read grade four, my height for 145 cm, the other people all say I read a junior high school. I am irritable, one encountered unhappy things I will shout to others, although I am irritable, but mom is my enemy. My grades is good also, often on 90 points. I am very strong, read four years, Ive never cried in school. I became a section, often book taking my breath, my desk is breath.

This is me, do you like me?

我叫郭绚希，今年10岁，我是个女孩子，就读益阳省沅江市莲花塘学校四年级，我的爱好有很多，比如：唱歌、画画和写作文……我呢，有个外号叫希粑粑。有一头乌黑发亮的长发，也有刘海。虽然我只读四年级，可我的身高足足有145厘米，别人都说我读初中。我性格暴躁，一遇到不开心的事我就对别人大喊大叫，虽然我性格暴躁，可妈妈就是我的天敌。我成绩也不错，常常上90分。我非常坚强，读书四年以来，我从没在学校里哭过。我当了语文科代表，经常收本子收的我透不过气，我的桌子也透不过气。

这就是我了，你们喜欢我吗?

Technical Cooperation Agreement

甲方：油脂化学有限公司

Party A: Grease Chemical Co. , Ltd.

地址： 高新技术工业园

Address: High-tech Industrial Park

法定代表人：

Legal Representative:

乙方：

Party B:

地址：

Address:

本协议合作双方就组建技术研发团队事项，经过平等协商，在真实、充分地表达各自意愿互惠互利的基础上，根据《中华人民共和国合同法》的规定，达成如下协议，并由合作各方共同恪守。

This Agreement, concerning the setting up of a technical research and development team, is made according to the Contract Law of PRC regulations and entered into through equal negotiation by both Parties as the free and full expression of their own wishes to mutual benefits, and to this end both Parties shall abide by this Agreement as following.

第一条、 甲方同意雇用乙方为新产品研发技术顾问。乙方同意为甲方提供技术

顾问服务。

Article 1: Party A hereby agrees to employ party B as the technical consultant for the new product research and development. Party B hereby agrees to offer technical consultation service to Part A.

第二条、 甲方同意每月支付乙方的研究费用，包括：薪资、办公费、检测费、

差旅费以及其他相关费用。

Article 2: Party A hereby agrees to pay Party B for the research each month, including salaries, administrative expenses, detection cost, traveling expenses and other cost associated.

第三条、 乙方有责任为甲方提供相关国内外技术及市场信息，并及时答复甲方

技术上所遇到的问题。

Article 3：Party B is responsible to provide relevant technical and market information home and abroad and is ready to answer any technical problem frequently asked by Party A.

第四条、 乙方有义务向甲方提供有关个人简历和相关证明材料，甲方要尊重乙

方个人隐私，有义务妥善保管相关材料。

Article 4: Party B shall has the obligation to provide Party A with any relevant personal resume and reference documents as necessary. Party A shall respect the personal privacy of Party B and has the obligation to properly keep those materials.

第五条、 乙方同意所研发的产品所有知识产权归甲方所有，乙方不得将相关技

术信息泄露给任何第三方，否则需要承担一切法律后果。

Article 5: Party B hereby agrees that the intellectual property of any product as researched and developed herein shall be owned by Party A. Party B shall not be allowed to disclose any technical information concerned to the third party, or it shall take all the legal consequences.

第六条、 甲乙双方同意通过紧密合作达到共同目标;每年增加一到三个项目;

每年申请一到三个发明专利;每年完成一到两个能够通过专家认证的

新产品;每年至少向市场推广两个产品。

Article 6: Both Parties agree to achieve their common goals by their close cooperation. It is planned to add one to three projects each year and to apply for one to three patents for inventions each year, to make one to two new products certified by experts each year, and to promote at least two products to the market each year.

第七条、 此协议甲乙双方各执一份，没有在协议中提到的事项双方需协商解决。 Article 7: This Agreement is held by both Parties, one for each respectively. Any issue not mentioned in this Agreement shall be settled by both Parties through negotiation.

此协议从签字当日起生效。

This Agreement shall take effect from the date of signature.

甲方： 乙方：

Party A Party B:

签字： 签字：

Signature: Signature:

日期： 日期：

Date Date:

Hello,everyone!

I 20xx University graduates Social Sports session, performance excellence, sports and basic skills down. University branch secretary for four years as class groups responsible, enterprising, hard working, high moral character, serious and responsible work. Won a scholarship every year, Excellent student title, and received outstanding graduates, outstanding intern, outstanding League Cadres, Party members.

In all respects strict demands on themselves, thinking motivated, study hard, work for, simple life. Four years of rigorous practice to make me a good university graduates. Strong self-learning ability, to overcome problems; with solid professional skills and strong theoretical basis

Calm; has a strong ability to identify and deal with non-; have strong organizational skills and social adaptability.

Certificates: National Computer level, Certificate III in English; the National Putonghua 2 B certificates; School Poetry Recitation Contest first prize.

Thank you!

译文：

大家好!

我 20xx年大学毕业生社会体育会议，性能卓越，体育基本技能了。大学分公司四年来担任班级负责人、事业心强、工作努力、品德高尚、工作认真负责。每年获得奖学金，优秀学生称号，并获得优秀毕业生、优秀实习生、优秀团干部、党员干部。

在各方面都严格要求自己，思维动力，努力学习，工作简单，生活简单。四年的严格实践，使我成为一个优秀的大学毕业生。有较强的自学能力，克服问题的能力;具有扎实的专业技能和较强的理论基础

具有较强的识别和处理能力，具有较强的组织能力和社会适应能力。

证书：国家计算机级，证书三级英语;国家普通话2级证书;学校诗歌朗诵比赛一等奖。

谢谢!

立约人：(以下简称甲方)

立约人：(以下简称乙方)

本着互利公正的原则，经甲乙双方协商，一致同意签订如下翻译合同：

第一条：甲方正式委托乙方为其翻译《 ________________________________ 》。

第二条：甲方要求乙方将委托上述文件的 __________ 文翻译为 _______ 文。翻译价格以中文计算 元 / 千字。

第三条：甲方有权利要求乙方于 ______ 年 ______ 月 _____ 日 _____ 时完成并交付给甲方。如乙方未能在指定时间完成翻译任务，由甲方在合同金额基础上每天少付合同金额之 3% 。

第四条：甲方理解并愿遵守乙方所规定的《客户须知》。

第五条：乙方承认已收甲方完整、清晰的上述委托翻译之文件。

第六条：乙方同意并按甲方要求的日期完成上述委托翻译并付给甲方。

第七条：乙方保证向甲方提供合格品质之翻译且保守甲方所提供翻译稿件的秘密。

第八条：在一个月的期限里乙方有义务对甲方对译文提出的问题进行回答而并不收取任何额外的费用。对译文中所出现的错误进行的修改而不收取任何的费用。除此之外附加的翻译任务则不属此列。

第九条：经双方共同协商，甲方所委托翻译项目价值为人民币 元。乙方预先收取甲方所付 % 订金计人民币 ________ 元整。待翻译完成后，乙方交付译稿给甲方时，甲方应一次性付清所欠的翻译费给乙方。甲方如需乙方邮寄发票应提前说明。

甲乙双方都必须遵守合同中的各个条款，如在执行过程中有争议，双方应互相协商解决。本合同一式二份，甲乙双方各执一份，本合同自盖章签字之日起生效，有效期为 ..................

未尽事宜以及在对合同的理解和执行过程中的争议，在双方协商后以书面形式附加以确立并视同合同的一部分。

付款方式： 1 、银行转帐

开 户 名：

开户银行：

帐 号：

2 、快速汇款

开 户 名：

开户银行：

帐 号：

3 、邮局汇款

地址：

邮编：

收款人：

签署日期： _________ 年 ______ 月 _____ 日

甲方负责人： 乙方负责人 ：

1. I noticed that you advertised a job in this morning’s paper. 我看到你们在今早的报纸上刊登的招聘广告。

2. I’m coming for your advertisement for …. 我是来应聘你们广告上的……职位的。

3. I have applied for the position of …. 我申请了贵公司的……职位。

4. I haven’t done anything like that before. 我以前没有做过这种工作。

5. I think I’m quite fit for assistant’s job. 我觉得我很适合做助理的工作。

6. I used to work as a sale’s manager. 我以前做销售经理。

7. I’m quite familiar with editing. 我做过很多编辑工作。

8. I want a job with a vacation every year. 我想找个每年都能度假的工作。

9. I was thinking of a job in a school. 我打算到学校找份工作。

10. I worked in the accounting section of a manufacturer of electrical products. 我曾在电子产品制造商的会计组工作。

11. I have been for over five years in teh employ of an exporting company. 本人曾经前后五年被受雇于出口贸易公司。

Hello,every one!(大家好)

My name is . (我叫)

Im a 15 years old boy. (我是一个15岁的男孩)(具体情况自己改)

I live in the beautiful city of Rizhao.(我住在美丽的Rizhao城)(你可以把Rizhao改成自己家乡的城市的名称的拼音)

Im an active ,lovely and clever boy.(我是一个活跃的可爱的聪明的男孩)

In the school , my favourite subject is maths . (在学校，我最喜欢数学)

Perhaps someone thinks its difficult to study well .(也许有些人认为这很难学)

But I like it.(但我喜欢他)

I belive that if you try your best, everything can be done well.(我相信每件事付出努力就会有害结果)

I also like sports very much.(我也很喜欢运动)

Such as,running,volleyball and so on. (像跑步、排球等等)

Im kind-hearted.(我很热心)

If you need help ,please come to me .(如果你需要帮助，就来找我)

I hope we can be good friends!(我希望我们能成为好朋友)

OK.This is me .A sunny boy.(好了，这就是我，一个阳光男孩)

甲方（著作权人）：____________

地址：________________________

乙方（出版者）：______________

国籍：________________________

地址：________________________

合同签订日期：________________

地点：________________________

鉴于甲方拥有_________（作者姓名）（下称作者）的作品_________（书名）（下称作品）第_________（版次）的著作权，双方达成协议如下：

第四条?乙方根据本合同第十七条的规定，为获得出版译本的权利，向甲方支付报酬，支付方式为：

（一）版税：_____（货币单位）[译本定价_____________%（版税率）_________销售数（或印数）]；（例如文学作品8%，科技作品10%）或?____

（二）一次性付酬：_______（货币单位）（例如文学作品每千字20元，科技伤口每千字25元）如果译本的最后定价高出预计定价，乙方应在译本出版后按______%增加向甲方支付的报酬.

乙方在本合同签订后______月内，向甲方预付______%版税，其余版税开出版后第______月结算期分期支付，或在______月内一次付清。

第五条?乙方负责安排有资格和有能力的译者对作品进行准确性确的翻译，译者姓名和其资格证明应送交甲方，未经甲方事先书面同意，不得删节、增加或以其他方式修改______作.

第六条?有关译本的质量问题，由甲乙双方商定。

第七条?乙方将作者的姓名标注在译本的封面、护封和扉页的显著位置，并注明：此版本__________（书名）系__________（乙方名称）与____________（甲方名称）于______年______月协议出版。

第八条?乙方应于______年______月______日前出版译本。乙方因故未能按时出版，应在出版期限届满前______日通知甲方，双方另行约定出版日期。乙方支付愈期违约金，比例为______，乙方在双方另行约定的出版日期仍不能出版，甲方可以终止合同，乙方应向甲方______赔偿损失，并支付违约金，比例为______?。

第十条?如果乙方希望增加______册（印数），______年内乙方可以自行决定增加印数，但应将拟定议的印数和定价通知甲方，并于______日内按第四条规定的______方式向其支付报酬______?。如果乙方未在译本脱销后______月内再次重印译本，授予的权利回归甲方。

第十一条?未经甲方事先书面同意，乙方不得行使除第一条规定的译本的其他任何权.

第十二条?未经甲方事先同意，乙方不得将所授予的翻译权许可任何第三方行使，译本也不得单独使用乙方自己的版本说明。

第十三条?如果乙方未在______日内支付本合同规定的报酬，如甲方不解除合同，乙方应继续履行合同支付报酬，并支付愈期违约金，比例为______?；如果方解除合同，乙方应赔偿损失，并支付违约金，比例为______?。

第十四条?除本合同明确授予乙方的权利之外，作品的其他所有权利由甲方保留。乙方希望取得的权利，应在本合同中明确约定。

第十五条?甲方有权核查译本的印数。如甲方指定第三方核查，需提供授权委托书。如乙方隐瞒印数，除向甲方补齐应付报酬外，还应支付违约金并承担核查费用______。如核查结果与乙方提供的印数相符，核查费用由甲方承担。

第十六条?如果乙方违反了本合同的约定，又未能在甲方通知其______月内改正，或甲方已撤销不能履行的合同，本合同自动终止，授予乙方的翻译权回归甲方，乙方______应向甲方赔偿损失，并支付违约金，比例为______。

第十七条?乙方委托______（银行）以_________（票据）的方式向甲方支付报酬，并按______日中国国家外汇管理外江苏排价折算成合同确定的币种支付。

第十八条?双方因合同的解释或履行发生争议，由双方协商解决。协商不成，由_______________（_____机构）_____，或向（法院）提起诉讼。?中国_____机构为____________________委员会。

第十九条?因本合同引纷提起的_____或诉讼，适用《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》有关涉外民事诉讼程序的特别规定。

第二十条?本合同以中、______（外国文字）两种文字写成，两种文字具有同等法律效力。

第二十一条?全同的变更、续签及其他为未尽事宜，由双方另行商定。

第二十二条?本合同自签字之日起生效，有效期为_________年。

第二十三条?本合同一式两份，双方各执一份为凭。

甲方：（签章）_____________

_______年_______月_______日

乙方：（签章）_____________

_______年_______月_______日

这个实习过程暴漏了单词量不够 ，这点对我来说影响很大， 比如经常会遇到一些单词 ，感觉见过但有不知道具体是什么意思只有浪费了很多时间。通过这次实践在以 后顶顶会注意多积累增加单词记忆量。 2. 对句子的分析能力不足,包括具子成分以及语法的欠缺导致了在翻译中的困难并且犯错。英语句子成分只是英语语法中的一小部分,而且平时的考试也不会考, 以前并没有注意到这一点。3. 我在速度方面的不足。在这儿我主要谈的是打印时的翻译速度因为看电子版本，首先是费眼睛时间长了眼睛会很花，所以会感到比较的疲劳总是不能坚持下去。其次，是我本身对电脑键盘的熟练程度还不够经常会打错字。不过在以后的学习 和工作中我会不断提高自己在这方面的能力把自己的翻译速度尽最大努力提上来。

这次的翻译实习对我来说是次绝佳的挑战。经过这次的学习后我发现自己的心静了很多，所以，什么都是一步一步来的，习惯和心态也是慢慢培养训练出来的。认真和努力了这就已经足够了。在以后的学习和工作中，我要有一个良好的心态，不刻意追求事情的完美 一直加油努力就好。 不管最后的结果怎样 我都会坦然去面对。 最后对魏老师和张老师对我的帮助以及指导我要深表感谢。总之一句话这次翻译让我收益匪浅，一定会对以后的道路会有所帮助。

Morning， sir ! My name is Lily， it is really a great honor to have this opportunity for a interview， i would like to answer whatever you may raise， and i hope i can make a good performance today， eventually enroll in this prestigious university in september. now i will introduce myself briefly，i am 21 years old，born in heilongjiang province ，northeast of china，and i am curruently a senior student at beijing uni.my major is packaging engineering.and i will receive my bachelor degree after my graduation in june.in the past 4 years，i spend most of my time on study，i have passed CET4/6 with a ease. and i have acquired basic knowledge of packaging and publishing both in theory and in practice.

Besides， i have attend several packaging exhibition hold in Beijing， this is our advantage study here， i have taken a tour to some big factory and company. through these i have a deeply understanding of domestic packaging industry. compared to developed countries such as us， unfortunately， although we have made extraordinary progress since 1978，our packaging industry are still underdeveloped， mess， unstable， the situation of employees in this field are awkard. but i have full confidence in a bright future if only our economy can keep the growth pace still. i guess you maybe interested in the reason itch to law， and what is my plan during graduate study life， i would like to tell you that pursue law is one of my lifelong goal，i like my major packaging and i wont give up，if i can pursue my master degree here i will combine law with my former education. i will work hard in thesefields ，patent ，trademark， copyright， on the base of my years study in department of p p， my character? i cannot describe it well， but i know i am optimistic and confident. sometimes i prefer to stay alone， reading， listening to music， but i am not lonely，

i like to chat with my classmates， almost talk everything ，my favorite pastime is valleyball，playing cards or surf online. through college life，i learn how to balance between study and entertainment. by the way， i was a actor of our amazing drama club. i had a few glorious memory on stage. that is my pride.

专业英语文献终于翻译完了，总共花费了我若干了午休时间和一下午的时间，总的来说收获还是很大的。作为英语弱势群体的我来说，能坚持翻译完这将近3000字的英文已经不错了，下面我将具体来讲讲翻译过程中的感受。

首先对于英语有了一个不一样的认识，以前觉得学英语特别难，看到大段大段的英语更是头痛，而专业英语就更不用说了因为不仅有复杂句式、语法，还有大量的专业词汇。对于这次专业英语文献翻译也是硬着头皮上的，刚开始时翻译特别艰难，句式看不太懂，然后专业词汇很多，于是只好一个一个去查，所以刚开始时翻译的特别慢，这样坚持下来到了第二段以后时，发现还是那几个专业词汇，偶尔出现一个新的，虽然语法、复杂句式还是有，可还是能发现其中的规律，于是慢慢的坚持下来，速度也上来了，也没那么抗拒了，把那种长难句翻译出来也发现，哦，其实也就那样，并不是说难，而是没掌握其中的规律。

接下来我想谈谈自己翻译过程中用到的一些方法、技巧以及遇到的一些问题。说到方法，首先要谢谢这门课程还有我们的老师，所有的翻译方法课堂上都讲到了，包括直译法、意译法、增译法、减译法、重组法等。或许在翻译中你没意识到用了什么方法，就翻译过去了，其实就是说虽然英语很菜，但还是有一些基础的。等回去标注翻译方法时才恍然大悟原来自己是用了这种翻译方法。虽然说方法都会了，专业词汇也能查到，但是还是遇到了一些问题，比如，中西文化的差异，在翻译过程中，即使每个单词都认识，句式也做了调整，可是翻译出来就能感觉跟原文还是有很大差异，你不能很准确的表达出原文作者的意思。还有就是翻译过程中对于一些专业名词翻译还不是很到位，比如“劫金”，这是矿物加工的专业词汇，在词典中无法找到英文对应的单词，因此很多学者写论文时直接用一个短语或一句话来表示，但翻译过程中我们就应该翻译成“劫金”，如果也翻译成一句话或短语就失去了论文原有的味道。

再来说说我们翻译应达到的一个要求，清末新兴资产阶级启蒙思想家严复提出翻译要达到“信、达、雅”，“信”指意义不背原文，即是译文要准确，不歪曲，不遗漏，也不要随意增减意思;“达”指不拘泥于原文形式，译文通顺明白;“雅”则指译文时选用的词语要得体，追求文章本身的古雅，简明优雅。而对于初学翻译的我们来说我觉得就是先做到了“信、达”，简单说尊重原文作者的意思，不歪曲，然后翻译过来不生涩，符合中国人的阅读习惯。最后等自己有翻译经验后再去追求“雅”。

最后感谢专业英语科技翻译这门课程和我们的老师，让自己对于专业英语的阅读、翻译有了一个开始!

临近毕业的最后半年，是我们真正实习生活的开始，是汇报我们这三年来在学校学习成果的开始，是步入社会大展宏图的开始……参加了多场的招聘会、面试了多家的公司、衡量了多方面的因素，我选择了这家公司开始我的实习生涯。怀着兴奋、激动地心情，早早的踏上上班的公车，呼吸着清晨新鲜的空气，憧憬着新的一天。来到公司陌生的环境、陌生的人和事，让我感觉有点拘谨，努力让自己的微笑减少言语上的笨拙。

第一天并不像我想象的那样，由人事经理带我们熟悉公司的环境，结识新的同事。大家似乎都很忙，可能现在是业务的旺季吧。实习的第一周，并没有像我们想象的那样，有什么业务性的工作让我们着手。我们只是简单的分配到一些事务性的工作，如整理文档、记录一些旧的文案等等。然后利用中午休息的时间结识了一些新的同事，熟悉了公司的环境。这时才真正体会到了理想与现实之间的差距。但是，很快的，心里的小失落就被工作的繁忙给填补了。

经过了一个礼拜的实习，我也渐渐地开始从事一些公司需要的文件翻译。当然，那些与日企之间的业务合同了什么的还是不可能经过我这样的"菜鸟"的手的。我翻译的只是一些公司要提供给对方的我们的资格认证等的文件，还有一些礼节性的文件。由于这些东西基本都是可以套用格式的，所以也没有什么太大的压力，只要认真去做了，就还是很简单的。但是更多的时候依然还是在做内勤的一些杂活。虽然有些灰心，但是相对于公司其他一些非本科的还要下厂房进行厂房线上实习的实习生来说，已经算是受到照顾的了。而且这个应该也是所有的实习生要走过的一条必然之路吧。

所以也抱怨不了什么。只是尽力做好自己的本分工作，多向那些前辈问问，多学学，希望可以尽快地进入真正的实习状态。当然，偶尔的一两个时候还是依然有真正派上用场的时候。在进公司一个多星期的时候，一个日企客户突然打来咨询电话。由于没有其他人可以接，我就硬着头皮接了。虽然有点磕磕绊绊的，但是好歹还是了解的对方的意图，在解释了当时的状况之后定下了下次面谈的时间与地点，让我真正感受了一把外语业务咨询顾问的感觉。

英语专业翻译方向论文开题报告

how to deal with ellipsis in english-chinese translation

i. purpose and significance

with the development of globalization, the world’s political, economic and cultural communications are becoming increasingly frequent. therefore, the role of translation cannot be ignored. however, the differences between english and chinese cultures that are reflected in the two languages pose considerable difficulty.

it is acknowledged that when doing translation one can not translate word for word, or sentence by sentence. therefore, we must use some translation strategies such as amplification, ellipsis, conversion and so on. ellipsis as one of the basic translation methods plays an essential role in english-chinese rendition. translators apply it in order to make their versions more coherent and understandable.

according to the oxford advanced learner’s english-chinese dictionary, ellipsis means leaving out a word or words from a sentence deliberately, when the meaning can be understood without them. ellipsis in translation does not mean cutting some content from the original articles. what could be omitted are words that are useless in translated works or else they will make the versions redundant or disobey the manner of expression in another language.

some words and phrases are useless in chinese but necessary in english. articles in english are the most significant phenomenon from this aspect. they are very important in english, but we can hardly see any reflection of this part in chinese. ellipsis is designed on the basis of faithfulness to the original text, making it more fluent, smooth, concise, thus conforming to idiomatic chinese. the paper will explore ellipsis in english-chinese translation from five aspects, which are ellipses of pronouns, conjunctions, articles, prepositions, modifications, so as to achieve smoother and clearer communications among china and english-speaking countries.

ii. literature review

long before, some people began to learn other countries’ languages to understand others cultures. in china, xuanzang was the first translator who not only translated the sanskrit sutras into chinese, but introduced the first chinese writings to foreign countries, making foreigners understand china’s ancient culture. meanwhile, he was the first to translate lao tses works into sanskrit. indian scholars had a high opinion of xuanzang, "in china, there is no such great translator, and also in the human cultural history, we can only say that xuanzang is the first great translator."(ye lang, ) we can say that it was xuanzang who motivated people to know the different parts of the world, their cultures and the peoples who live there. then, some big countries such as america, china, and so on became a melting pot.(gu zhengkun, ) people have imperceptibly spent thousands of years in knowing each other.

with china’s entry into wto and its open-up policy, cross-cultural exchanges are increasingly frequent between this country and others. a lot of foreign tourists come to visit china. while traveling, these foreigners are not satisfied with the translations of the scenic spots. sometimes, they even feel confused. a lot of problems exist in the translation, such as misuse of words, poor expression of meaning and so on. all of these poor translations do harm to our country’s international image, and cause a lot of inconveniences for the foreign visitors. (ma zuyi, ). i am fond of tourism and being a free tourist like the others who are good at enjoying their wonderful lives. the love of tourism makes me feel the need to improve the translation. but every time when i have a trip, many unsuitable translations of the names of those scenic spots will embarrass me. tourism is part of intercultural communication, so proper translation of the scenic spots become more and more important to our country.

communication plays a significant role in the globalized society. in order to know each other better, people from all over the world have tried a verity of ways. of course, translation is one of them. all translators have done their best to make the translated works more consistent with the needs of people.(gu jinming, 1997) from my perspective, they really have done a great job. and i want to retrospect the cause of their development. after a thorough evaluation, i choose a branch of translation—ellipsis in translation from english to chinese, then i did the following jobs.

i put all my researches and other stuffs together, and then i found that it is a common case in english and chinese which draws much academic interest. in 1976, halliday and hsan classified ellipsis into nominal, verbal and clausal ellipsis. this classification exerts great influence in academic circle. thereafter, ellipsis in chinese and english has been studied according to this theory, which is based on different layers of structure. this kind of study underlines differentiations and similarities of ellipsis in chinese and english.

another famous theory to explain ellipsis is economy principle. economy principle was put forward by chomsky (1991,1993, and 1995) in his generate crammer. it maintains that language and linguistic study follow economy principle, which means using the least effort to express the most information. this principle just coincides with ellipsis in function.

in this thesis, i think that brevity is the most obvious and common function of ellipsis, especially in daily language. and in both english and chinese, people advocate brevity. shakespeare once remarked, “brevity is the soul of wit”, and in chinese there are numerous idioms like “yan jian yi gai” (meaning compendious). however, apart from the function of brevity, ellipsis embodies other functions which are also pretty common in the two languages but less noticed.(hua xianfa,)these functions distribute in both english and chinese unevenly and represent great colorfulness of language. exploring other functions of ellipsis and searching for functional recreation in translation will be of much benefit to both english to chinese and chinese to english translation.

i found that when chinese authors try to analyse ellipsis in english to chinese translation, they always initially put articles in the list. they consider that it is a common phenomenon that chinese always leave out personal articles. while it is obviously different in english that almost every sentence has a subject, we can see articles fluently. that is because when we translate from english to chinese, personal articles can be omitted, even though sometimes it may appear once, it can also be omitted if necessary. furthermore, if the objects can be seen obviously, personal articles should also be omitted. however, it never happens in english. from this point, it is not only allowable but also necessary when we translate personal articles which are objects in sentences into chinese.

in my point of view, the development of society has in some way has deliberately promoted the way of people’s thinking, translation system has become more and more perfect, people from all over the world have enjoyed the convenience. however, we can not neglect that there are still some problems in this field in china, and we have less influential chinese translators in the world. therefore, we still have a long way to go in translation.

iii. feasibility analysis

this academic paper is a feasible project and the reasons are as follows:

1.i have great interests in the way of english-chinese translation.

2.i have already studied translation methods and have been familiar with the functions and applications of ellipsis .

3.i have collected enough references both chinese and western on ellipsis in

translation and do a scrupulous study of the relationship between them.

4.i have a carefully planned schedule and have worked out a detailed outline of this thesis.

5.i have acquainted myself with the correct format, a clear and complete structure required by the academic paper, and my adequate english competence will enable me to write in fluent and precise english.

6.my instructor is a qualified translator who is familiar with the subject i havechosen.

iv. problems of the research and solutions

1. problems

despite the references i have collected and read, a thorough study of ellipsis in english-chinese translation from the point of freely using still needs far more. what’s more, owing to the limited ways of getting references in xinjiang, i will have to make full use of my present resources. also, this is the first time i have ever written such a serious academic paper. i am therefore a learner and lack the needed training and experience.

2. solutions

(1) i shall make full use of my already acquired references which come from books, magazines and the internet as well.

(2) i shall value my own original thoughts and mainly rely on detailed analysis that i have read from the books which have closely idea with my purpose.

(3) when i have difficulties in the writing process, i shall consult my instructor and seek for help.

v. necessary conditions

1. our university and school of foreign languages have provided the basic study and research conditions and facilities, including books and journals in the library and reading rooms.

2. the internet is another source of information and on the campus we have easy access to the internet.

3. i have been assigned an instructor to guide me through the whole process of planning and writing.

vi. outline

i. introduction

a. a brief introduction of ellipsis in translation

b. what should we pay attention to when dealing with ellipsis

c. the reason why ellipsis is so widely used in translation

1. chinese expressions are much briefer than that of english

2. english grammar is wee-knit and complete in sentence structure

ii. the principles of ellipsis

a. omitted words must be useless and unnecessary in the translated works

b. the meaning of the omitted words is implied in the test

c. omitted words which are self-evident

ш. the functions and applications of ellipsis

a. the coherence of the meaning of expression

b. the coincidence of the manner of expression

1. ellipsis of articles

a. ellipsis of definite articles

b. ellipsis of indefinite articles

2. ellipsis of prepositions

3. ellipsis of pronouns

a. ellipsis of personal and impersonal pronouns

b. ellipsis of indefinite pronouns

c. ellipsis of relative pronouns

4. ellipsis of conjunctions

a. ellipsis of coordinating conjunctions

b. ellipsis of subordinate conjunctions

5. ellipsis of rhetoric

a. ellipsis of repeated words

b. ellipsis of synonyms

甲方：_________________________

乙方：_________________________

甲乙双方经友好协商，就乙方为甲方提供翻译服务达成协议如下：

1.标的

_________________________________________________________

2.期限

乙方须在_______年_______月_______日前交付完成第1条规定的译稿。

3.译稿的交付形式

译稿可以磁盘、电子邮件、传真或打印形式交付。打印费为贰元/张，打印费为_______元。如需送稿，送稿费为_______元。

4.翻译费和排版设计费

以中文为基础确定翻译费。对于可用电脑确定字数的翻译，单价为每千字人民币_______元，总字数为 _______，翻译费为_______，翻译费=单价x总字数/1000。字数为word文件中，菜单“工具”的“字数统计”的“字符数(不计空格)”所显示的数字。当原稿为复印件、传真件等，无法由计算机统计字数时，单价为 _______元/页，原稿页数为_______，翻译费为_______元。翻译完成后，乙方根据本条款计算出翻译费。排版设计费为_______元。

5.总价

总价为翻译费、排版设计费、打印费和送稿费的合计，为______________元。

6.定金

为保证本合同的履行，在签订本合同的同时， 甲方须向乙方支付定金______________元。翻译完成后，定金作为总价的一部分，折抵总价款。

7.付款

当甲方支付第5条规定的总价款后，乙方即交付译稿。

8.质量保证

乙方保证译文通顺、准确，并努力做到文字优美。交付译稿后，乙方有责任继续跟踪译文的质量，并向甲方免费提供有关咨询。

9.保密条款

乙方承诺，除乙方工作人员因翻译需要接触甲方文件外，不向任何第三方泄露甲方文件的内容。否则，甲方有权追究乙方因泄密而导致的法律责任。

10.文本份数

本合同一式两份，双方各执一份，具有同等法律效力。

11.其它

_______________________________________________________________

甲方：____________________

代表签字：________________

盖章：____________________

日期：____________________

乙方：____________________

代表签字：________________

盖章：____________________

日期：____________________

甲方：乙方：

关于乙方接受甲方委托，进行资料翻译事宜，经甲乙双方同意，签订以下翻译合同。

1、稿件说明：

文稿名称：

翻译类型为：英译中/中译英

总翻译费为：

交稿时间：

2、字数计算：

无论是外文翻译成中文。还是中文译成外文，都以汉字字数计价，按电脑工具栏字数统计的"字符数(不计空格)"为准。

3、笔译价格(单位：RMB/千字)

中译英___元英译中___元

4、付款方式

签订合同之日甲方支付总翻译费的50%即人民币_____元，甲方接收译稿后3日内支付全部翻译费余款。

5、翻译质量：

乙方翻译稿件需准确，通顺，简洁得体。一旦出现质量问题，乙方有义务无偿为甲方修改一到两次。力求满足甲方要求。如果因质量问题发生冲突，应该提请双方认可的第三方评判，或直接申请仲裁

6、原稿修改与补充：

如甲方原稿修改，而需乙方对译文作相应修改，根据修改程度酌量收取改稿费，或在收取原稿翻译费后，对修改稿按单价重新计费。如补充翻译，则另行收费。中止翻译：如甲方在乙方翻译过程中，要求中止翻译，甲方须根据乙方的翻译进度，按乙方已经翻译的字数，以协定的单价计算翻译费给乙方

7、交稿方式：

乙方可根据具体需要，采取以下交稿方式中的任一种来交稿：打印稿、电脑软盘、传真、电子邮件。

8、版权问题：

乙方对于甲方委托文件内容的版权问题不负责，由甲方负全责。保密性：乙方以翻译为业，遵守翻译职业道德，对其译文的保密性负责。

本合同一式二份，双方各执一份，授权人签字，盖章生效。传真件有效。

甲方：(签章)乙方：(签章)

签订日期：

甲方：_________

乙方：_________

双方经平等协商，一致达成如下协议。

第1条?定义

本合同有关用语的含义如下：

甲方：_________

乙方：_________

用户：指接受或可能接受服务的任何用户。

信息：指乙方按本合同向甲方提供并许可使用译文。

第2条?业务内容及价格

甲方要求乙方将委托之文件翻译为_________（语种）。

翻译：甲方应向乙方支付劳务费用，由_________翻译为_________（语种），_____标准为译后的每千中文字符数（电脑统计，不计空格为准）_________元人民币；其他语种翻译另议。

支付时间：_____________________

第3条?提供译文

（1）乙方同意按甲方书面要求之日期完成其委托翻译之任务。

（2）乙方应将译文于_________交给甲方。

（3）乙方按照乙方制定的质量翻译标准进行翻译作业，此质量翻译标准为鉴定译文品质之唯一标准。

（5）乙方将提供甲方一份电子翻译文件和书面翻译文件，并盖乙方翻译章。

第4条?许可使用译文

乙方许可甲方利用译文制作成各式文档公开登载和展示。

乙方与甲方协商后决定是否标注译文的作者。

第5条?免责

第6条?陈述与保证

双方保证其具有签订和履行本合同的权利和能力。

甲方保证译文由甲方的用户使用。

甲方保证译文的著作权人（如甲方不是信息的著作权人）同意其签订和履行本合同并不要求乙方的所有者支付任何费用，乙方可要求许可方就此提供译文的著作权人签署的文件。

乙方保证其向甲方提供的译文的及时性、完整性、合法性、真实性和准确性。

甲方保证乙方使用其译文的信息不构成对第三方任何权利的侵犯，同时甲方保证其签订，履行本合同不构成对第三方的违约或对第三方任何权利的侵犯，亦不会使乙方的所有者对任何第三方承担任何责任。

因甲方提供译文造成的对任何第三方的侵权，包括但不限于侵犯第三方的著作权，由甲方负责解决。

第7条?期限

本合同有效期为_________，即自_______年______月______日起至_______年______月______日止。合同到期后自行终止。

第8条?违约责任

任何一方不履行，不完全履行，不适当，不及时履行本合同，另外一方有权要求对方按约定履行本合同或解除本合同，并要求对方赔偿相应的损失。

任何一方由于不可抗力导致不能履行，不能完全履行本合同，就受不可抗力影响部分不承担违约责任，但法律另有规定的除外，受不可抗力影响的一方应及时通知对方，以减轻可能给对方造成的损失，并应当在合理期限内提供相关证明。

第9条?保密

未经甲方许可，乙方不得向第三方泄露本合同的条款的任何内容以及本合同的签订和履行情况，以及通过签订和履行本合同而获知的对方及对方关联公司的任何信息。

乙方按照甲方的要求提供保密措施。

第10条?不可抗力

不可抗力是本合同双方不能合理控制，不可预见或即使预见亦无法避免的事件，该事件妨碍，影响或延误任何一方根据合同履行其全部或部分义务。该事件包括但不限于政府行为，自然灾害，战争或任何其它类似事件。

出现不可抗力事件时，知情方应及时，充分地向对方以书面形式发通知，并告知对该类事件对本合同可能产生的影响，并应当在合理期限内提供相关证明。

由于以上所述不可抗力事件致使合同的不能履行或延迟履行，则双方于彼此间不承担任何违约责任。

第11条?争议的解决及适用法律

如双方就本协议内容或其执行发生任何争议，双方应进行友好协商；协商不成时，任何一方均可向有管辖权的当地人民法院提起诉讼。

本协议的订立，执行，解释及争议的解决均应适用中国法律。

第12条?其它

（1）其他未尽事宜，由双方协商解决。

（2）本协议一式二份，双方各执一份，具有同等法律效力。

（3）本协议的注解，附件，补充协议为本协议组成部分，与本协议具有同等法律效力。

（4）双方之间的任何通知均按本协议落款处的联系方式进行，如联系方式发生变化，应立即通知对方。

（5）协议自双方签字或盖章之日起生效。

甲方（盖章）：_____________?乙方（盖章）：_____________

授权代表（签字）：_________?授权代表（签字）：_________

联系电话：_________________?联系电话：_________________

传真：_____________________?传真：_____________________

电子信箱：_________________?电子信箱：_________________

通信地址：_________________?通信地址：_________________

_________年________月____日?_________年________月____日

Dear Mr. Wang,

I am very sorry that I shall be unable to come to your classes today owing to a bad cold. I enclose a certificate from the doctor who is attending me. He said it will be two or three days before I shall be able to resume my school.

David

April 20

王老师：

很抱歉，我因患重感冒今天不能到校。现附上医生证明，他说我两三天后才能到校学习。

大卫

四月二十日

Good afternoon teachers:

I come from - - middle school and I am honored to stand here today to introduce myself to you.

I am interested in a wide range of e-cellent results, personal resume template , specializes in science learning. I love sports. Love playing badminton, tennis, especially love football, from the sport of football I learned teamwork and hard struggle, won the first medals I had in the school sports meeting. I love science and technology, and have won prizes in various science and technology competitions.

I love reading and painting, love to use words and brushes to pay attention to and depict life. In the sea hundred years anniversary of last year for the first time I enjoy sea charm, perhaps is the third into the sea because of campus learning, I also feel more sea culture. My personality perseverance does not give up, whether in learning or in life, I will stick to your belief, hard struggle and struggle.

I believe that in the future, I will by virtue of their own efforts, carry forward the "air sea Tun goods mechanical e-cellence" spirit, dedication of their own strength in the sea of brilliant new century.

Above is my self introduction, thank you!

Good morning !

早上好!

It is really my honor to have this opportunity for a interview,

这真是我的荣幸有这个机会参加面试,

I hope i can make a good performance today. Im confident that I can succeed.

我希望我能成为一个好今天的表现。我相信我能成功。

Now i will introduce myself briefly

现在我将简要介绍一下我自己

I am 26 years old,born in shandong province .

我26岁,出生在山东省。

I was graduated from qingdao university. my major is electronic. and i got my bachelor degree after my graduation in the year of 20xx.

我毕业于青岛大学。我的专业是电子。我毕业后,我得到了我的学士学位在20xx年。

I spend most of my time on study,i have passed CET4/6 . and i have acquired basic knowledge of my major during my school time.

我花大部分时间在学习上,我已经通过了CET4/6。我对我的专业的基础知识有了在我的学校的时间。

In July 20xx, I begin work for a small private company as a technical support engineer in QingDao city. Because Im capable of more responsibilities, so I decided to change my job.

20xx年7月,我开始工作一小型私人企业作为技术支持工程师在青岛城市。因为我有能力担负起更多的责任,所以我决定改变我的工作。

And in August 20xx,I left QingDao to BeiJing and worked for a foreign enterprise as a automation software test engineer. Because I want to change my working environment, Id like to find a job which is more challenging. Morover Motorola is a global company, so I feel I can gain the most from working in this kind of company ennvironment. That is the reason why I come here to compete for this position.

20xx年8月,我离开青岛到北京,为外国企业工作作为一个自动化软件测试工程师。因为我想改变工作环境,我想找一个更具挑战性的工作。分别摩托罗拉是一个全球性的公司,所以我觉得我可以获得最多的工作在这种公司ennvironment。这就是为什么我来这里竞争这个职位。

I think Im a good team player and Im a person of great honesty to others. Also I am able to work under great pressure.

我认为我是一个良好的团队合作精神,我一个人的伟大的诚实给别人。我能在巨大压力下工作。

That’s all. Thank you for giving me the chance.

这是所有。谢谢你给我这个机会。

管理推进处的岗位职能介绍——及相关名词解释

1.引进，提炼与推广先进管理方法、先进操作方法。推动公司管理创新！

管理创新是指创造一种新的更有效的资源整合模式，管理创新既可以对全过程管理进行创新，也可以对具体的细节管理进行创新；根据这个概念，在实施管理创新中，可以从四个方面着手：

一是提出一种新的经营思路，并加以有效实施，其中包括新的经营方针：战略、理念、策略等；

二是创设一个新的组织机构，组织机构是企业管理活动的支撑体系，在市场经济条件下，它不再是刚性的，应该是柔性的、可变的、通过再设计，建立一个企业过程化、管理扁平化、功能集成化的组织机构，并使之有效运转；

三是设计一个新的能够进一步提高生产效率，更好地协调人际关系和激励员工积极性的管理模式：其主要特点是要结合企业的实际进行创新，并可以针对管理的某一方面进行创新，如：生产管理模式，财务管理模式，人事管理模式等；

四是进行一项或几项制度创新，管理制度是企业资源整合行为的规范，既是企业行为规范，也是员工行为规范。制度创新会给企业面貌和员工素质带来变化有助于资源的有效整合，形势在发展，改革在深入。环境在变化，

2.负责公司制度建设，推动、协调制度的落实，制度执行情况的监督与检查！

①加强对制度的学习宣传，强化制度意识

②坚持统筹规划与查漏补缺相结合，不断完善制度

③加大监督检查力度，增强制度的刚性

④明确责任，形成抓制度落实的合力

委托方：

翻译方接受委托方委托，进行资料翻译。经双方同意，签订以下翻译合同。

1.文稿名称：

翻译类型为：英译中/中译英

交稿时间：

2.字数计算

无论是外文翻译成中文。还是中文译成外文，都以汉字字数计价，按电脑工具栏字数统计的"字符数(不计空格)"为准。小件翻译:不足1000字按1000字计算.

3.笔译价格(单位：rmb/千字)

4.付款方式

接收译稿后____日内支付全部翻译费

5.翻译质量：

翻译方翻译稿件需准确，通顺，简洁得体。一旦出现质量问题，翻译方有义务无偿为委托方修改一到两次。力求满足委托方要求。如果因质量问题发生冲突，应该提请双方认可的第三方评判。

6.原稿修改

如委托方原稿修改，而需翻译方对译文作相应修改，根据修改程度酌量收取改稿费，或在收取原稿翻译费后，对修改稿按单价重新计费。如补充翻译，则另行收费。

7.中止翻译

如委托方在翻译方翻译过程中，要求中止翻译，委托方须根据翻译方的翻译进度，按翻译方已经翻译的字数，以协定的单价计算翻译费给翻译方。

8.交稿方式

翻译方可根据具体需要，采取以下交稿方式中的任一种来交稿：打印稿、电脑软盘、传真、电子邮件。

翻译方对于委托方委托文件内容的版权问题不负责，由委托方负全责.保密性:翻译方以翻译为业，遵守翻译职业道德，对其译文的保密性负责。

本合同一式二份，双方各执一份，授权人签字，盖章生效。

委托方(签章)翻译方(签章)

年月日

要想领工资就得做事情。时常，张老师会打电话过来有些要紧的邮件要翻译。一个电话一谈就要半个钟，然后就会打乱我自己原先的计划，临时插进来要先把翻译的事情搞定。然后一周还要上三天班，从早上九点半到晚上五点半，中午还没得睡的哦。我通常白天上班，那晚上就什么事情都做不了了，只能看电视休息。这样，我才发现原来赚钱那么不容易。而且为私人老板打工，还得调整自己适应她的工作习惯。这对于时时刻刻想随心所欲的我，简直是折磨。

任务化能让自己静心做事。最开始为了得到这份工作，一个晚上我居然能够翻译出一篇长达七八页纸的艺术类论文，简直是奇迹。后来，一个下午我居然能把一本英文艺术家传记了解的七七八八。因为翻译是工作，工作有指标，所以我能够静心把完全没有概念的艺术类文献很快熟悉。

商业眼光能帮助你赚钱。张老师有一定艺术造诣，但真正能使她赚钱却是她的商业头脑。她注重和朋友关系，抓住每个能扩大她交际面的机会。有商业头脑的艺术家能赚钱，当然有商业头脑的教授也能赚钱。其实，无论是学术还是艺术领域，具备一个造诣的学者数量是不少的，但是兼备商业头脑的学者就少之又少了。虽然说把学术商业化是有点不合适，但是说到底又有几个真正的学者能够家产万贯呢，到后来还是具备商业头脑的学者就够名利双收。

女强人。有车有房有厂，还有两间个人工作室，两位二十四小时贴身秘书，还有美国绿卡，在美国购房。无论是从名还是从利的方面，张老师都不愧女强人这个称号。但一个真正幸福的女强人还有有个温馨的家。女强人不容易做啊。

I am a professional Graphic Design Art Institute of university students. I especially love the design, I hope every wonderful moment for real life from the daily design. Also hope to use this opportunity to be able to find a stage to show their strength.

I am cheerful enthusiasm, can deal with good interpersonal relationships, can better adapt to the new environment; I am good at observation, attention to detail; strict with oneself, broad-minded toward others is my motto; willing to endure hardship, hard work is my attitude; innovation, not afraid of failure, never give up is my evaluation of my friends; strong learning ability, love study, the greater the pressure the greater power.

In addition, I also on the computer and English learning interest, through the efforts of the systematic study of the VI corporate image planning, copywriting, graphic design, poster design, packaging design, book design, photography and other professional knowledge; familiar with graphic design software Photoshop, CorelDRAW, InDesign; CAD software; video post Premiere software; in the study, I focus on the combination of theory and practice, has had quite practical ability, can independent advertising planning, advertising design work ability: fluent with occupation. Word, Excel and other office software, dedication and sense of responsibility that I can face any difficulties and challenges; I also actively participate in school activities and social practice, do not let any one can exercise their own opportunities.

Before entering the social occasion, in order to better adapt to the society, I hope I can do a is a state of other people in need, as do what is, in practice, constantly learning, constantly exercise. In that your company is actively seeking to develop fresh talent. I sincerely hope to join your company, your companys growth with my talents.

我是XX大学艺术院平面设计专业的学生。我特别衷爱设计，希望从每天的设计中寻找现实生活的每个精彩瞬间。也希望能借助这个机会，找一个能展现自己实力的人生舞台。

本人性格开朗热情，能够很好的处理人际关系,可以更好更快地适应新的环境;我善于观察，注意细节;严于律己，宽以待人是我的人生座右铭;乐于吃苦，埋头苦干是我做事的态度;勇于创新，不怕失败，永不服输是朋友对我的评价;本人学习能力极强，喜欢专研，压力越大动力就越大。

此外,我还对计算机和英语学习有着浓厚的兴趣，经过努力，系统学习了vi企业形象策划、广告文案写作、图形创意、招贴设计、包装设计、书籍装帧设计、摄影等专业知识;熟习平面设计软件Photoshop 、CorelDRAW 、InDesign;制图软件CAD;影视后期软件Premiere; 在学习中，我注重理论与实践的结合，己具备了相当的实践操作能力，可独立进行广告策划、平面广告设计工作。 职业能力：熟练操作Word 、Excel等办公室软件，事业心和责任感使我能够面对任何困难和挑战;我还积极主动参加学校各种活动和社会实践，不放过任何一个能锻炼自己的机会。

在即将进入社会之际,为了更好地适应社会,我希望自己能够做到一种被别人需要的一种状态，至于做什么，就是在实践中，不断的学习、不断的锻炼.在获知贵公司正为积极谋求发展招贤纳才。我真诚的渴望能加入贵公司,为贵公司的发展壮大贡献我的才智。