北京长城导游词通用四篇 北京导游词经典20篇

欢迎大家来到八达岭景区，我是负责你们今天长城之旅的兰导游。希望你们能与我在长城度过快乐的一天!

看!那就是我们中国人的骄傲——长城!这前不见头、后不见尾的长城不是靠火车、汽车，也不是靠起重机修成的，而是靠那无数的肩膀、无数的手，一步一步地抬上这崇山峻岭!听到这里，你们一定也心潮澎湃了吧。那咱们就来看看长城吧!

长城高大坚固，是用巨大的条石和城砖筑成的。城墙顶上铺着方砖，非常平整，像一条宽大的马路，看上去可以让五六匹马并行。城墙外沿有两米多高成排的垛子，垛子上有瞭望口和射口供瞭望和射击使用。城墙上每隔三百多米就有一座城台。这些城台是用来屯兵的，打仗的时候可以互相呼应。

你们知道吗?关于长城，还有个令人伤感的传说呢!没错，那就是——孟姜女哭长城。

相传，孟姜女成亲后，她的丈夫就被抓去筑长城了。于是，孟姜女就在家中苦苦等着她的丈夫归来。日复一日，年复一年，孟姜女的丈夫一直没有回家。于是，孟姜女就带上寒衣开始了万里寻夫之旅。在长城脚下，她见到一个正在筑长城的人。那人告诉她：“你的丈夫已经成了一堆白骨，被那些狠心的官兵当做长城的垫脚石了!”孟姜女听了以后哭得死去活来，把长城哭倒了。她丈夫的尸骨终于露了出来。最后，悲痛欲绝的孟姜女抱着丈夫的尸骨，投海身亡了。这就是孟姜女哭长城的故事。

好了，接下来就是大家的自由活动时间。请大家注意：不要在长城上乱刻乱划或者吐痰!不然的话，是要交罚款的!最后，祝大家玩得尽兴!

大家好欢迎来到天坛

天坛位于北京市崇文区在永定门内大街路东.原是明清两代皇帝祭祀皇天上帝的场所,始建于明永乐十八年 (1420 年 ),以后经过不断的改扩建,至清乾隆年间最终建成.天坛占地达 273 万平方米主要建筑有祈年殿、圜丘、 皇穹宇、斋宫、神乐署、牺牲所等.1918 年辟为公园.

天坛分为内、外两坛,内坛由圜丘、祈谷坛两部分组成,内坛北部是祈谷坛,内坛南部是圜丘坛,一条 360米长的丹陛桥连缀两坛,两坛的主要建筑就集中在丹陛桥两端,丹陛桥南端有圜丘、皇穹宇,北端有祈年殿、皇乾殿.丹陛桥也称海攫大道 ,是一条巨大的砖砌高台商道,也是天坛建筑的主轴线.在丹陛桥的东侧建有与天坛祭祀功能相适应的附属建筑：宰牲亭、神厨、神库 等.丹陛桥西侧有斋宫 ,斋宫是举行祭天大典前皇帝进行斋戒的场所.外坛为林区 , 广植树木,外坛的西南部有神乐署,是明清时期演习祭祀礼乐及培训祭祀乐舞生的场所.

神乐署、斋宫都是祭坛的附属建筑,是祭祀大典的服务用房 ,故斋宫、神乐署都是坐西向东,其建筑规格、瓦色、装饰彩画均逊于天坛的祭祀建筑,强烈地表达了中国古代的。

龙庆峡位于北京市延庆县城东北10公里的古城村西北的古城河口，距北京城区85公里。龙庆峡古称"古城九曲"，被人们誉为北京的"小漓江"，是北京十六景之一。其水源于海坨山东麓，经玉渡山汇入古城水库。

延庆的龙庆峡峰峦峭立，山清水秀，7公里长的峡谷既有南方的秀丽，又有北方的雄奇，开阔与幽深间或，险峻与浅滩并存，神仙院、金刚寺、玉泉阁、神笔峰等奇山异景胜似仙境，到了冬天又成为冰雕和冰灯的世界。每年的冰灯节吸引了众多的八方宾客。

北京龙庆峡被人们誉为北京的“小漓江”。龙庆峡水库高耸的大坝相连着两座山，其宽有四五十米，大坝犹如一把白色的巨锁把龙锁住了。登上大坝俯瞰北面，墨绿色的水面倒影着山峦和白云。东西的两座山，峭壁直立，像刀切似的，足有几十丈高，“龙庆峡”可能由此峡而得名。当你划船而渡，大有“山重水复疑无路”、“柳暗花明又一村”之感。水似飘罗带，曲曲弯弯，山不转水转，仿佛永无尽头，每转一山就是一景。那千姿百态的山和石，有的像出鞘的剑，有的像举起的大锤，有的像昂首的虎，有的像扭着头的象……因此人们根据它们的形状取名为“震山如来”、“鸡冠子山”、“金缸山”等等。

两边的崖岸之上，有镇山如来、石?熊跳岩、九连洞、鸡冠山、金刚山、马蹄潭、将军岩、金刚寺遗址等奇峰怪石，堪称“塞外一绝”。它既有塞外的雄奇，又兼有江南的秀丽，可与桂林的漓江、长江的三峡相媲美。是北京十六景之一。

该景区集南方山水的妩媚秀丽和北方山水的雄浑壮观于一体，峡谷曲折蜿蜒，河水幽长碧绿。两岸山崖险峻，森林茂密，裸露的石灰岩形成奇特造型，特别是长年被水浸蚀所形成的溶洞和洞中的石笋、石柱、石断层，与漓江山石极相似，只是当您抬头观望山峰时，才可感到北方峰崖的雄伟峻峭。龙庆峡南面为八达岭长城，西北为松山森林公园，正西是海坨山。

各位游客，大家好!欢迎您来长城游玩。长城是中国的41项世界遗产之一，从东头的山海关到西头的嘉峪关，全长一万三千多里。

长城始建于春秋战国时期，那时候，各诸国为了互相防御，都在自己境内地势险要的地方修筑长城。秦始皇统一中国后，为了防御北方匈奴入侵，将各个诸侯国的长城连在一起，并将其延长，再加上各个朝代的修筑，才有我们今天的“万里长城”。

我们今天要来游览的这一段长城修筑在八达岭上。它高大坚固，是用巨大的条石和城砖筑成的。城墙外沿有两米多高的垛子，在垛子上面有瞭望口和射口，是用来瞭望和射击的。城墙顶上每隔三百多米就有一个城台——峰火台，是屯兵的堡垒。在打仗的时候，如果敌军来攻击的话，峰火台上就会点起熊熊大火，传递军情。皇帝知道情报，就会出兵抵御。

下面就请大家来踏一下方砖，扶扶墙上的条石，你一定会很自然地想起古代修筑长城的劳动人民来。那时候没有火车、汽车，没有起重机，就靠无数的双手和肩膀，一步一步地抬上这陡峭的山岭。多少劳动人民的血汗和智慧，才凝结成了这前不见头后不见尾的万里长城。

因此关于长城，还有一个《孟姜女哭长城》的传说呢。相传秦始皇时，劳役繁重。青年男女范喜良、孟姜女新婚才三天，新郎就被迫出发修筑长城，不久因饥寒交迫而死，尸骨被埋在长城墙下。孟姜女历尽艰辛，来到长城寻找丈夫，可得到的却是丈夫的噩耗。她痛哭城下，三天三夜不止，长城为之崩裂，露出范喜良的尸骸，孟姜女绝望之中投海而死。

下面，就让我们怀着“不到长城非好汉”的雄心壮志登上长城吧!Let’s go!

北京最令我向往的是那古代庞大的建筑群―故宫，在我六岁时我就想去故宫游玩了，可是一直没有机会。正好今年暑假妈妈单位要去北京旅游，我就趁着这个机会跟着妈妈去了趟北京。圆了自己心中的梦想。

穿过天安门，就来到了端门，再穿过午门就来到了故宫。首先映入我眼帘的是一个宽广的“广场”，据导游说，这就是文武百官进行早朝的地方。走进去，仿佛进入了大会堂，大约能站800人左右。前面就是著名的太和殿，里面金碧辉煌，金灿灿的宝座边上立着两只活灵活现的丹顶鹤，两边还有四根被金龙环绕的大柱子，足足要两人拉手才能环绕一圈。下面是从太湖底运来打磨过的太湖石，在中国这种太湖石非常珍稀，据说比黄金还贵重。我恋恋不舍地离开了太和殿，一边走一边参观，各个宫殿的布局都差不多，但都比不上前面的太和殿。

走着走着，我感到非常的疲惫了，这时一股清凉的风迎面吹来，我顿时精神一振，才发现我走进了御花园。大片大片的绿色植被让人眼睛一亮，在外面蒸得我透不过气来的热风一下子逃走了，取而代之的是树荫带来的清凉。石板两旁都是茂盛的侧柏，一座座假山上长满了翠绿的植被，假山是太湖石垒起来的，至今已有三四百年的历史，摸起来仍是那么的光滑，可见古代工匠们花了多少心血进行打磨，抛光的啊!帝王的安逸生活是多少老百姓的艰辛换来的。带着留恋不舍的心情我走出了故宫。

这个暑假令我印象最深的就是能去北京参观故宫，因为它不仅圆了我心中的梦想，而且让我感受到了故宫这件宏伟精美工艺品的魅力，更让我感受到了古代工匠们精湛的技艺和辛劳。百姓的生活是贫困的，被压迫在社会的最底层，深受剥削。而帝王将相们的生活是安逸的，是奢侈的。这故宫就是用老百姓的汗水和血水浇灌而成的，也是被压迫被剥削的象征，也是帝王统治阶级生活的一个缩影。

游客们好，我是你们的导游，我叫林添，你们可以叫我小林。我们来到了素有“世界遗产”之称的万里长城。

万里长城是由很多块条石组成的一块条石有两三斤重。墙上凹下去的叫垛子供了望用，垛子下面的口子叫射口，我们现在站的地方叫城台也有了望口和射口，下面可以放武器和粮食。万里长城像一条很长很长很宽的马路，五六匹马可以并行。

传说，在很久很久以前有个女人，大家都叫她孟姜女，她的丈夫被官兵抓去修建长城，于是孟姜女便千里寻夫，终于让她找到了长城，一问才知道她的丈夫早死了，孟姜女顿失所依，在她丈夫的坟前放生大哭，最后把长城给哭倒了。

Beijing, the ancient capital of Six Dynasties in China, has a long historyand a relatively complete architectural pattern. Beijing, the capital of thepeoples Republic of China, is the center of Chinas politics, culture andinternational exchanges. Therefore, Beijing has a rich and colorful ancient andmodern cultural landscape and profound cultural heritage.

Beijing covers an area of 16807.8 square kilometers, with Jundu mountain inthe north and Xishan Mountain in the West. Dongling Mountain at the junction ofHebei Province is 2303 meters above sea level, the highest peak in Beijing.There are Miyun reservoir, Huairou reservoir and Ming Tombs Reservoir in theterritory; there are five other rivers, namely Chaobai River, Beiyunhe River,Yongding River, Juma River and Tanghe River.

Beijings climate is temperate continental monsoon climate with distinctseasons: a little sandstorm in spring and low temperature. Summer is hot withshowers. In autumn, the weather is sunny, mild and crisp, which is the goldenseason for tourism; but in late autumn, it is cooler in the morning and evening,and hot at noon. In winter, the climate is dry and cold with less snow.

When you come to Beijing for sightseeing, you cant miss the snacks withBeijing characteristics and the famous food with a long history. Famous dishesinclude Beijing roast duck, instant boiled mutton and court dishes.

Beijings specialties are: Wang Mazi scissors, Angong Niuhuang Pill, Qiulipaste, preserved fruit, Poria cocos cake, Liubiju pickles. Local products are:Jingbai pear, Gaishi, Liangxiang chestnut, hawthorn, walnut, Miyun jujube,apricot.

北京,是中国六朝古都,历史源远流长,保存着较为完整的古代建筑格局。北京,是中华人民共和国的首都,简称京,是中国的政治、文化和国际交往的中心,由此北京有着丰富多彩的古代、现代的人文景观,有着博大精深的文化底蕴。

北京全市面积16807.8平方公里,在北面有军都山,西面有西山,与河北交界的东灵山海拔2303米是北京市的最高峰。境内有密云水库、怀柔水库和十三陵水库;其他还有潮白河、北运河、永定河、拒马河和汤河五大河。

北京的气候属于温带大陆性季风性气候,季节分明:春季略有风沙,气温偏低。夏季炎热,有阵雨。秋季天气晴朗、温和,天高气爽,是旅游的黄金季节;但深秋早晚较凉,中午较热。冬季气候干燥、寒冷,雪较少。

来北京观光旅游不能错过具有北京特色的风味小吃和悠久历史的名吃。名吃有北京烤鸭、涮羊肉、宫廷菜。

北京的特产有:王麻子刀剪、安宫牛黄丸、秋梨膏、果脯蜜饯、茯苓夹饼、六必居酱菜。土产有:京白梨、盖柿、良乡板栗、山楂、核桃、密云小枣、杏。

北京简称京，是中国的首都，全国的政治、文化中心和国际交往的枢纽，也是一座著名的历史文化名城，与西安、洛阳、开封、南京、杭州并列为中国六大古都

北京悠久的历史，纵跨3000年。相传炎黄二帝是同父异母的兄弟，各有一半天下，皇帝行道炎帝不听，炎帝因有蚩尤相助与黄帝在诼鹿和阪泉大战，结果炎帝战败。天下合一，皇帝自立为天子，并在逐鹿建都。据载琢鹿和阪泉都是北京地区。后来黄帝的孙子在幽陵建城，“幽”成为北京地区的代称。无行当中代表北方之意。

五帝之首帝喾时，北京地区为天下九州之一的冀州，到了尧时叫幽都，舜帝时叫幽州。

商代灭亡之后，周武王将北京地区的两个地方“燕”和“蓟”封给了两位功臣。后来燕国吞并了蓟国统称为燕国，燕代表黑色象征着北方。燕国传位44世，历820余年。是当时各封国中历史最长的强国。

唐代“安史之乱”后称此处为大都和燕京，金代中都，元代为大都正式成为全国的政治中心。

明朝朱元璋南京称帝，派大将徐达功克大都城，改称北平府。靖难之役之后永乐皇帝迁都北京。从此北京才有这个响亮名字。

北京是一座有着三千多年历史的古都，在不同的朝代有着不同的称谓，大致算起来有二十多个别称。

燕都，据史书记载，公元前11世纪，周武王灭商以后，在尧封帝，此后在苏城建都，在燕封召公。燕都因古时为燕国都城而得名。战国七雄中有燕国，据说是因临近燕山而得国名，其国都称为“燕都”。

幽州，远古时代的九州之一。幽州之名，最早见于《尚书·舜典》：“燕曰幽州。”两汉、魏、晋、唐代都曾设置过幽州，所治均在今天的北京一带。

各位游客 大家好!欢迎大家到八达岭景区观光旅游。今天有幸陪同大家一起参观，我很高兴，望各位能在八达度过一段美好的时光。

长城是举世闻名的奇迹之一，它像一条龙盘踞在中国北方辽阔的土地上。明朝大规模修筑长城达到了18次之多，全长6350公里。明长城具备三个特点：筑构完备、管理完善、布局严密。而我们今天所看到的八达岭长城就是明长城的一部分。

八达岭长城有三台两墙组成，什么是三台两墙呢?现在让我给大家来讲解一下。三台分别是城台、敌台、烽火台。其中城台构造简单，只是驻守的官兵避风寒的地方。那敌台的构造相对就要复杂一点，分为两层，上层是由田，井，回等字形组成，上层有垛口和望孔是观察军情和射箭用的，所以这里也具有防御敌人的功能。

下面就到了烽火台，烽火台又叫烽燧，狼烟台。是不和长城相连的独立建筑。一旦敌人来犯，就点燃烽火通报军情，古人将白天点燃的烟叫做烽，晚上的叫做燧。明朝哦的时候，还对烽火与敌人的关系做了严格的规定：敌人百余个，燃一烟点一炮;五百人，燃二烟点二炮;千人以上，三烟三炮;伍仟人以上，四烟四炮;万上以上，五烟五炮。就通过这种方式，在边关的军情能飞速的传递到皇城中。

说完了三台，下面就来说下两墙。长城外侧的高墙叫做牒墙，有垛口是用来防御敌人的。而内侧不足一米高的则作女儿墙，也叫宇墙。最开始长城内侧是没有女儿墙的，可是经常有人会跌下山崖，为了保证安全所以就修建了这道墙。今天的长城早已失去军事价值，而以其特有的魅力，仍吸引着广大中外游客。

谢谢大家选者这个旅游团。

十渡位于北京西南，属北京市房山区，与河北省涞水县野三坡相邻，距北京市区(六里桥)约90公里。

十渡是有山有水的自然风景区，独特的喀斯特地貌北方罕见，因为被评为世界地质公园，国家AAAA级风景区。

流经十渡的河名叫拒马河，十渡的山属太行山余脉。

十渡共有18个渡，每个渡都有不同的风景，当然10渡也非最美。十渡的游玩主要集中在六渡(孤山寨)，九渡(拒马乐园)，十五渡(东湖港)，十七渡(有山家园，野战大东沟.真人CS)，十八渡(拒马河第一漂)。相比较来说，17渡比较方便，离东湖港和漂流都很近。

十渡没有大门票，只有去各景点(如东湖港)或玩游乐项目才收门票。

十渡交通便利，可以坐公交917路或836路，乘火车，自驾，包车前往。

欢迎大家来到北京，来到著名的万里长城。昨天大家休息好了吗?现在你们脚下踩着的这块土地，就是雄伟的万里长城了。下面由我来给大家介绍一下长城吧!

长城是古代中国在不同时期，为抵御塞北游牧部落侵袭而修筑的规模浩大的军事工程。长城东西绵延上万华里，因此又称作万里长城。现存的长城遗迹，西起嘉峪关，东至辽东虎山，全长8851.8公里，平均高6至7米、宽4至5米。长城是我国古代劳动人民创造的伟大的奇迹，是中国古代人民智慧的结晶，是中国悠久历史的见证。它与天安门，兵马俑一起被世人视为中国的象征。

当然，关于长城还有一段优美的传说呢!

据说有一对夫妇，孟姜女和他的丈夫正过着幸福的生活，这时秦始皇派人把孟姜女的丈夫抓走了，让他去修筑长城。这一去就是很多年，孟姜女特别想念她丈夫，就决定去看一看。当她到了那里，结果发现他的丈夫已经因为劳累过度而死了。孟姜女于是伤心的哭了三天三夜，就这样把长城也给哭倒了。

时间过的真快呀，不知不觉中，我们已经来到了好汉坡。大家看啊，这里可是长城的最高点呀。俗话说的好：不到长城非好汉，所以今天爬到这里朋友们，都是了不起的英雄好汉呀!

亲爱的游客们，长城已经游完了，大家先休息一下，接下来我们将去长城博物馆看一看。请大家对我的解说多提宝贵意见。

在阜成门外,东临钓鱼台，西到三环路,东西长约1.7公里，占地面积 137公顷，其中一半为水面,湖水荡漾。绿树成荫。为北京近郊较大公园之一。《明一统志》载：“玉渊潭在府西，元时郡人丁氏故池，柳堤环抱，景气萧爽，沙禽水鸟多翔集其间，为游赏佳丽之所。”由于这里地势低洼，西山一带山水汇积于此。清乾隆三十八年(1773年)浚治成湖，以受香山新开引河上水。又在下口建闸，俾资蓄泄湖水，合引河水由三里河达阜成门之护城河。东部建有行宫。后湖淤塞，杂草丛生。解放后，配合永定河引水工程，在旧湖南边挖了一个约10公顷的新湖，状如葫芦，名八一湖。下游建有实验水电站一座。新旧二湖东西两端相联，既可引水，又能蓄水.1960年密云水库修建后，引水工程南端，由昆明湖到玉渊潭的引水渠，在罗道庄与永定河引水渠相汇，同经玉渊潭流入护城河。近年来大力建设公园，修了环湖路，在园内还建了游廊点景建筑，逐步丰富园容。玉渊潭不仅是景色宜人，环境清幽，树木茂密，为西郊盛暑纳凉、游泳、划船的场所;而且在北京水利工程上起着引水、调洪的作用。

各位游客大家好，今天我要带大家前去游览北京国子监它坐落在北京东城区安定门内国子监街(原名成贤街)，与孔庙相邻。是我国现存唯一一所古代中央公办大学建筑。历经元明清三朝，至今国子监已有720xx年的历史，乾隆曾有云：京城为首站住居，国子监为首站住才。现在我就带大家一睹这里的风采，提前祝大家玩的愉快!

现在大家跟我慢慢走咱们来到的是太学门，又称聚贤门，意思就是汇聚天下所有贤能的人。大家看太学门，这个门框和柱子都是黑色的，而国子监的黑门代表才，此才非比财，这里没有门槛是用了孔子儒家的思想：“有教无类”，这里不分贵贱，只要你有才品德好就可来此上学，国子监里面是凹进去的，是皇帝不希望才往外露，所以这里有聚才之意，民间也有：行尽世间万里路，不如国子监走一步之说。

大家跟我走进太学门前方就是国子监二门内大型琉璃坊牌坊，它是北京唯一一座专门为教育而设立的牌坊。位于集贤门内，乾隆四十八年建造，是三门四柱七楼式，这三道门代表人间三宝：福禄寿，四个琉璃瓦柱子代表功名利禄，来咱们往上看上面大大小小的房檐，代表天上的北斗七星，每个门洞上方雕有汉白玉的莲花钉有喜得连科的象征，柱子上方的黄色小葫芦现在告诉我们他们高官厚禄，这三道门是文官走左，五官走右皇帝走中间，而中间的门叫龙门，古话说：十年寒窗读，只为跃龙门。就是他了。

大家跟我往里走眼前这个大殿叫辟雍，辟为开辟，雍为雍州，它是国子监的中心建筑，专供皇帝讲学，设计者是工部尚书刘墉，仅用一年多的时间建成了辟雍环水工程，这种建筑形制象征着天圆地方，外圆内方的格局。大家跟我往里看，里面四个角的位置，有四根柱子大家注意看角上的三角形;是当年和珅提议在四个角上加上一个三角形的结构，所以有一句话这么说和珅：不到恭王府不知和神有多贪，不到国子监不知和珅多有才的说法。大家跟我走眼前这条桥只有当年的新科状元才能走，走到对面校长给他戴上顶带花翎好了，大家看这边是六堂，它是位于辟雍左右两侧的66间房，合称为六堂，分别为：率性堂、诚心堂、崇志堂、修道堂、正义堂、广业堂，是贡生、监生们的教室。现在我门看一下这边的彝伦堂，它位于辟雍大殿以北，元代名为崇文阁，明代永乐年间予以重建并改名为彝伦堂，早年曾是皇帝讲学之处，兴建辟雍之后，则改为监内的藏书处。现在大家跟我往后面走，后面就是敬一亭，它位于在彝伦堂之后，是国子监的第三进院落。建于明嘉靖七年，是国子监祭酒办公的场所。大家看我手指的方向，在孔庙与国子监之间的夹道内，有一处由189座高大石碑组成的碑林。石碑上篆刻着儒家经典。石经上共刻63万余字，规模宏大，楷法工整，而在规模上也是仅次于西安碑林的全国第二大碑林。相传乾隆命和珅、王杰为总裁，彭元瑞、刘墉为副总裁来考订经稿。彭元瑞以宋元善本十三经核订蒋衡手书的经稿，并把俗体字均改为古体字，使经文更加完善规范，古意大增，受到乾隆赞赏，被授以太子太保衔。这使和珅嫉恨非凡，权倾朝野的他命人在一夜之间挖去石碑上全部改过的古体字。直到和珅垮台后，古体字迹才得以重新修复，至今碑面上还有一块块挖补的痕迹现在我为大家介绍国子监第一任祭酒是元代著名理学家许衡，当时有学生200余人。在这里学习的学生叫“监生”，大致有三种来源：一是从全国各地秀才中选拔的正途监生，到此作进一步深造;二是外国留学生，大致来自高丽、逞逻、交趾、俄罗斯等;三是“捐监”，挂名监生，只要交足银子，就能领取“监照”，算是监生。

好了大家现在随便转转，拍拍照，大家拍的怎么样了我们的旅途快要结束了，大家尽兴么其实孔庙和国子监有太多的东西希望大家再一次光临在品味一下这里的文化，谢谢，大家再见!

亲爱的游客们，我是你们的导游，我姓张，可以叫我小张，也可以叫我张导。请不要在墙上、古代物品上刻画，也不要乱扔垃圾哦!

故宫位于北京市中心，旧称紫禁城。它是明代和清代的皇宫，也是世界现存最大、最完整的古代建筑群，被誉为五大宫之首。

故宫开始建造于明永乐四年至十八年，也就是公元1420xx年至1420xx年。

你们看!故宫的四个漂亮的大门，我来告诉你它们的名字吧!正门名为午门，俗称五凤楼。午门一般只有皇帝才可以出入呢!状元、榜眼和探花的人只可以从此门出入一次。后门“神武门”，明朝为“玄武门”，因为玄武是古代四神兽之一。清代康熙年间因避讳改为“神武门”。“东华门”与“西华门”是个“对门”门外设有下马碑石，门内金水河南北流向，上架石桥一座，桥北还有三座门。

快点儿，快点儿，快点儿去太和门吧!太和门里有三座大殿，分别是太和殿、中和殿、保和殿，你们自己去看看吧!二十分钟之后记得回来找我哦!

看!那儿是内廷，内廷就是皇帝、皇后和妃子们生活的地方。快去看看吧!因为内廷比较长，所以拿着你们手中的地图，三十分钟后我们在御花园里碰面哦!

御花园里鸟语花香，草木茂盛。各位家长注意孩子的安全，不要让他们爬假山。还有不要折鲜花和小草哦!

哦，我们到出口了。好了，我们这次的故宫游玩到此结束了。如果下次还想来北京故宫要记得找我哦!在回家的路上要注意安全哦!

亲爱的游客朋友们，大家好!现在您是乘坐着1980号汽车前往北京，观赏世界历史文化遗产之一——长城。我是这次旅游的导游，大家可以叫我程导游。如果有什么问题，可以请教我。祝大家旅行愉快!

长城是修筑在陡峭的山岭之间的，它从东头的山海关一直修到西头的嘉峪关，全长共有一万三千多里。从远处看就象一条长龙趴在山脉上，所以又叫做：万里长城。

好，现在我们的车子已经停在了八达岭上了，游客们，请看正前方有一块碑，上面刻有“八达岭”几个红字。大家可以把它拍下来，做为一个到过八达岭的留念。

请大家低下头，看看脚下的方砖，它是十分平整的，五六匹马可以并行。左右两旁是两米多高的垛子，每两个垛子之间的是了望口，供了望。每个垛子下面的是射口，供射击用。打仗时，屯兵们既可以自我保护，还可以保卫国家，真是一举两得。在顶上的是方形的城台，又叫烽火台。它还是战士们的堡垒。士兵们可以在里面居住。如果要告诉另一个堡垒有要紧的事，要保卫国家时，这个城台上就会点燃火焰，邻近的巡逻士兵见了，也会通报上级点火，就这样一个个的传下去。长城上便都点起了火，大家一起准备着作战。

大家看，古代劳动人民是多么的充满智慧啊!可是，这长城的修筑也是饱含了无数的劳动人民的血汗和劳动的呀!大家可能难以置信，其实这一块条石有两三千斤重的，相当于30多个小孩儿那样重。古代没有任何先进的交通工具，只靠着他们辛勤的汗水才得来的，不知有多少人们累到在长城下。

游客们一定知道，其中有一个最着名故事叫孟姜女哭长城，就是体现了古代修筑长城的劳动人民，修筑长城的艰辛。

毛主席笔下曾经写了一首赞扬长城的诗，现在就让我为大家来朗诵一下：

清平乐?六盘山

毛泽东

天高云淡，

望断南飞燕。

不到长城非好汉，

屈指行程二万。

六盘山上高峰，

红旗漫卷西风。

今日长缨在手，

何时缚住苍龙?

这首诗也是为了感慨长城宏伟的气势而写的。

现在，长城已被列为世界遗产，我们大家可以拍一些照片作为纪念。

我们的长城之旅游到此为止，希望大家有时间还来长城，bye~~!

长城导游词作文400字(四)

大家好!我是一位小小导游。今天，我就给出大家介绍一下着名的世界遗产——长城。

x曾经说过：“不到长城非好汉。”今天，你们要登长城做好汉了!祝贺你们!你们知道吗?长城被列入“世界”遗产的时间是1987年12月。长城是中国的像征，身为中华儿女的我们，又怎么能不骄傲呢?

大家记得古时候有一个传说吗?那是勤劳的孟姜女为了找被官兵捉去建筑长城的丈夫，经过许多艰难困苦，来到长城边。当她四处打听，才知道丈夫被活活地累死了，于是，她在长城哭了三天三夜。突然，只听”轰隆“一声，长城被哭倒了800里。游客们，这是多么感人的故事啊，可见，万里长城凝结了千万人民的血汗，是中华人民智慧的结晶。

长城总长约6700千米，最有名的八达岭长城随山势起伏，南北两边都有高峰耸立着。大家请跟我来。看，长城主要由关隘、城墙和烽火台三部分组成的。城墙是长城的主要工程，特别坚固，是用巨砖、石条等材料砌成的。关隘就是长城沿线的重要驻兵据点。大家请看看旁边，城顶上有一个垛口，每个垛口上都有一个小口，那就是嘹望口。垛口下面都有一个枪击口。至于烽火台，是有军情时点燃烽火来传递信息的建筑。现在，大家站在长城上远眺，是不是前看不到头，后见不着尾呢?

游客们，我先介绍到这里了，请大家漫步欣赏。大家注意了，在游览时，不要乱丢垃圾，乱涂乱画，爱护长城这一人们用血汗换来的世界遗产。

各位游客：

欢迎诸位来河北旅游，祝各位在邢台度过一段轻松惬意的时光。

首先我来做一下自我介绍，我姓李，是铁路昌龙的专职导游，大家可以叫我小李，也可以叫我李导，今天我们的司机姓x，x师傅有着丰富的驾车经验，俗话说：大海航行靠舵手。所以我们会度过个愉快又安全的一天，有句歌词里说过"十年修的同船渡"今天我们能和大家共同开始这一天的旅行我感到非常得荣幸。我们一起出行，车厢就是我貌同的家，请大家一定要保持车厢的清洁，也真诚希望我能把今天变成你们一段美好的回忆。

现在是8：00正，我们现在就要出发了，大家把自己的行李放好，今天是一个艳阳高照的好天气，希望给你们一个好的心情，好的心情会发现美丽的风景，现在我们已经上路了距我们今天要到的景点有两个小时的路程，大家都是邢台人，在你们眼中得邢台市什么样的那?我现在就给大家简单的介绍一下邢台。

邢台位于河北省南部，北与省会石家庄相攘，南与邯郸相临，东与山东隔河相望，西靠着巍巍太行山，邢台市区面积12486平方公里，人口680万，邢台交通十分便利京广，京九铁路和京深高速贯穿南北，公路干线四通八达，民航机场连接各大城市。邢台有着悠久的历史，早在公元前16世纪殷商便建都在此，《史记》记载：商第十六代君王祖乙迁都于邢，柏杨的

咱们老邢台都知道一句俗话"三个女人守街头，一个老头一头牛"，很形象说明了邢台，在守敬路与中兴街交界十字路口有三女塑像，邢台名人郭守敬在达活泉有一尊铜像，那这一头牛是什么哪?许多城市都有别称，比如昆明被称为春城，济南被称为泉城，那邢台又名牛城，邢州是春秋时期所见，十六国时期石勒阔修，北宋时期又重修，重修后

的城墙周九里十三步，阔六步，上可卧牛俗称"卧牛城"又有一种说法在古时候有一年发洪水，所有的地面被滔滔的洪水覆盖，有一头神牛驮着一个小孩来到了邢台这片大地上，繁衍生息，代代相传有了现在勤劳诚恳地牛城人，至今市区留有牛市街，东牛角，西牛角，市郊有牛尾河等等这头神牛留下的痕迹，随着这几年的经济改革的发展，邢台已经成为以煤炭，电力，钢铁为主，皮革、纺织为辅的中等工业城市，邢台市是由国务院1987年批准对外开放的，市区有郭守敬纪念馆，市南有沙河秦王湖，市东有千年古庙—扁鹊庙等省级风景区，而在邢台西山里有这几年刚被开发的景区，则犹如太行山美丽的女儿一样，虽未经过粉饰玉雕，却天生丽质，好似一颗颗明珠散落在邢台西部广阔的土地上。

尊敬的游客：

大家好!欢迎您来到长城游玩，我姓高，大家可以叫我高导，希望我们的服务能让您多一份欢乐，也希望您能玩得开心，玩得尽兴，玩得满足。

俗话说：不上长城非好汉。今天，我们就来登长城当一回好汉。长城总长一万六千米，眼前是最有名的八达岭长城，它随山起伏，南北两边都有高峰耸立着。大家看，长城由关隘、城楼和烽火台组成，城墙是长城的主要工程，特别坚固，是用巨砖、石块等材料砌成的，垛子上有方形的望口和射口，供瞭望和射击用。城墙顶上，每隔三百米就有一座方形的城台，是屯兵的堡垒，打仗的时候，城墙之间就可以互相呼应。

关于万里长城还有一个感人的传说：孟姜女，为了寻找被官兵捉去的丈夫，千里迢迢地来到长城脚下，经过多方打听，才知道自己的丈夫已经活活累死，孟姜女哭了三天三夜，突然，只听“轰隆隆”一声，长城被哭倒了八百里。游客们，这是多么感人的故事呀!可见，万里长城凝结了千万人民的血汗，是中华人民智慧的结晶。

长城，用举世无双、独一无二来形容它一点也不为过。今天，就让我们怀着“不上长城非好汉”的心态登上它，领略它的雄伟、壮观吧!

明朝建立于1368年，结束于1644年，统治时间长达277年，期间先后有16位皇帝在位，除第二位皇帝朱允文因‘靖难之役’战败，下落不明没有陵墓外，其他皇帝均有陵墓保存至今，经考古专家们的考证，明代帝陵共计6处18座，主要分布在湖北(湖北钟祥市--嘉靖皇帝父亲朱佑元兴献帝的显陵)、江苏(江苏南京钟山--明太祖朱元璋的孝陵，江苏盱眙--祖陵，朱元璋祖父朱初一的实葬地，曾祖父，高祖父的衣冠冢)、安徽(凤阳--朱元璋父母，兄嫂，侄子的明皇陵)、北京(景泰帝陵，明十三陵)四省市，下面来看一下我们今天参观的明十三陵。

明十三陵位于北京市昌平区天寿山脚下，领域面积120平方千米，四边群山环绕，由于山水的常年冲刷在这里形成了一个占地40平方千米的广袤盆地，山间明堂广大，风景秀丽，历代帝王大都认为帝业的兴衰多取于祖先墓地的好风水，所以十三陵的卜选历时2年的时间。明代的风水术士们，非常注重龙砂穴水向的相配关系，龙即指主山;砂是指由主山派生而出的其他山脉;水有界止龙气涛涛流逝的作用;所以又有‘大水横其前，小水夹左右’的说法。我们看到十三陵全景图上，温榆河的支流自西北直泻东南，每座皇陵前都有汉白玉的石桥，桥下流动的月牙河水即是小水，每座皇陵就掩映在这青山绿水中。1992年，在“北京旅游世界之最”的评定中，专家学者对十三陵的判定语为“世界上保存完整、埋葬皇帝最多的墓葬群”。20xx年7月，明十三陵被联合国教科文组织列入《世界遗产名录》明清皇家陵寝的扩展项目。《世界遗产名录》对它的评价如下：“明清皇家陵寝依照风水理论，精心选址，将数量众多的建筑物巧妙的安置于地下。它是人类改变自然的产物，体现了传统的建筑装饰思想，阐释了封建中国持续了500余年的世界观和权力观。

这十三座陵分别是长陵、献陵、景陵、裕陵、茂陵、泰陵、康陵、永陵、昭陵、定陵、庆陵、德陵、思陵。明十三陵的形成前后经历了235年，埋葬了明朝自永乐皇帝开始的13位皇帝和23位皇后，1位皇贵妃和数十位殉葬宫人，及7座妃子坟和1座太监陪葬墓。

十三陵是明成祖朱棣最早开始修建的。朱棣是明太祖朱元璋的第四个儿子，明朝初期，被封为燕王，镇守北平，朱元璋死后，其孙朱允文即位，朱棣打着清君侧的旗号发兵南下，史称‘靖难之役’，4年后攻占南京，并且从当时的皇帝朱允文手中夺得了皇位，改年号为永乐。朱棣是一位很了不起的皇帝，当了皇帝以后仍然为了巩固明朝的统治而连年征战，在他所统治明朝的20xx年里，国库充实，政局稳定，他下令迁都北京，营建故宫，修筑长城，编纂《永乐大典》，以及派郑和七下西洋，都是他的卓越政绩。最后死于征战途中，可以说还是一位比较贤明的皇帝，虽然也犯过错：靖难之役，设置东厂。他的贤内助徐皇后，也就是明朝开国元勋魏国公徐达的女儿，是一位有中国古典美的女性，她曾经编写了《内训》和《劝善》，40岁病逝。长陵始建于1420xx年，在1420xx年全部建成，是明成祖永乐皇帝朱棣和徐皇后的合葬墓。值得一提的是葬入长陵的第一个人并不是朱棣，而是徐皇后。

为什么在北京建陵呢?政治方面还有战略方面(清朝的时候对明陵的保护)见书96页(1)

长陵修建的时间过程 见书96页(3) 参考

长陵的布局：是十三陵中规模最大，营造时间最长，保存得也最好的一座陵。

“前方后圆”的形制。见书102页(1)

长陵裬恩殿，是明代诸陵中唯一一座保存至今的裬恩大殿，也是我国木构建筑的珍贵遗物和杰出代表。裬恩殿是谒陵祭祀的场所，总面积为 1956平方米，可与故宫的太和殿相媲美。裬恩殿的主体建筑是六十根不加粉饰的金丝楠木大柱，高约十三米，直径一米左右，承托着重檐庑殿顶。殿内所有木质构件均为金丝楠木，地面使用金砖铺地，使宏伟壮观的金丝楠木大殿呈现出神秘的色彩。殿内有楠木立柱60根，其中32根为金丝楠木明柱，最大的直径1.17米、高14.3米。梁、柱、檩、椽、斗供等构件，也用楠木制作。历经500余年，仍牢固如初。这样宏伟的楠木建筑物，在我国已绝无仅有。

长城英文导游词范文

到长城旅游还是有着很多外国人的，所以你需要准备英文的导游词，下面第一范文网小编为大家带来了长城英文导游词范文，希望对你有所帮助!

长城英文导游词范文

The Great Wall, like the Pyramids of Egypt, the Taj Mahal(1) in India and the Hanging Garden of Babylon(2), is one of the great wonders of the world. Starting out in the east on the banks of the Yalu River in Liaoning Province, the Wall stretches westwards for 12,700 kilometers to Jiayuguan in the Gobi desert, thus known as the Ten Thousand Li Wall in China. The Wall climbs up and down, twists and turns along the ridges of the Yanshan and Yinshan Mountain Chains through five provinces-Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Gansu--and two autonomous regions--Ningxia and Inner Mongolia, binding the northern China together.

Historical records trace the construction of the origin of the Wall to defensive fortification back to the year 656 B.C. during the reign of King Cheng of the States of Chu. Its construction continued throughout the Warring States period in the fifth Century B.C. when ducal states Yan, Zhao, Wei, and Qin were frequently plundered by the nomadic peoples living north of the Yinshan and Yanshan mountain ranges. Walls, then, were built separately by these ducal states to ward off such harassments. Later in 221 B.C., when Qin conquered the other states and unified China, Emperor Qinshihuang ordered the connection of these individual walls and further extensions to form the basis of the present great wall. As a matter of fact, a separate outer wall was constructed north of the Yinshan range in the Han Dynasty(206 BC--1644 BC.), which went to ruin through years of neglect. In the many intervening centuries, succeeding dynasties rebuilt parts of the Wall. The most extensive reinforcements and renovations were carried out in the Ming Dynasty (1368--1644) when altogether 18 lengthy stretches were reinforced with bricks and rocks. it is mostly the Ming Dynasty Wall that visitors see today. The Great Wall is divided into two sections, the east and west, with Shanxi Province as the dividing line. The west part is a rammed earth construction, about 5.3 meters high on average. In the eastern part, the core of the Wall is rammed earth as well, but the outer shell is reinforced with bricks and rocks. The most imposing and best preserved sections of the Great Wall are at Badaling and Mutianyu, not far from Beijing and both are open to visitors. The Wall of those sections is 7.8 meters high and 6.5 meters wide at its base, narrowing to 5.8 meters on the ramparts, wide enough for five horses to gallop abreast. There are ramparts, embrasures, peep-holes and apertures for archers on the top, besides gutters with gargoyles to drain rain-water off the parapet walk. Two-storied watch-towers are built at approximately 400-meters internals. The top stories of the watch-tower were designed for observing enemy movements, while the first was used for storing grain, fodder, military equipment and gunpowder as well as for quartering garrison soldiers. The highest watch-tower at Badaling standing on a hill-top, is reached only after a steep climb, like "climbing a ladder to heaven". The view from the top is rewarding, hoverer. The Wall follows the contour of mountains that rise one behind the other until they finally fade and merge with distant haze. A signal system formerly existed that served to communicate military information to the dynastic capital. This consisted of beacon towers on the Wall itself and on mountain tops within sight of the Wall. At the approach of enemy troops, smoke signals gave the alarm from the beacon towers in the daytime and bonfire did this at night.

Emergency signals could be relayed to the capital from distant places within a few hour long before the invention of anything like modern communications. There stand 14 major passes (Guan, in Chinese) at places of strategic importance along the Great Wall, the most important being Shanghaiguan and Jiayuguan. Yet the most impressive one is Juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of Beijing. Known as "Tian Xia Di YI Guan" (The First Pass Under Heaven), Shanghaiguan Pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north China with the northeast. It had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here. It was the gate of Shanghaiguan that the Ming general Wu Sangui opened to the Manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by Li Zicheng and so surrendered the whole Ming empire to the Manchus, leading to the foundation of the Qing Dynasty. (1644-1911) Jiayuguan Pass was not so much as the "Strategic pass Under the Heaven" as an important communication center in Chinese history. Cleft between the snow-capped Qilian Mountains and the rolling Mazong Mountains, it was on the ancient Silk Road. Zhang Qian, the first envoy of Emperor Wu Di of the Western Han dynasty (206 B.C-24 A.D), crossed it on his journey to the western regions. Later, silk flowed to the west through this pass too. The gate-tower of Jiayuguan is an attractive building of excellent workmanship. It has an inner city and an outer city, the former square in shape and surrounded by a wall 11.7 meters high and 730 meters in circumference. It has two gates, an eastern one and a western one. On each gate sits a tower facing each other. the four corners of the wall are occupied by four watch towers, one for each. Juyongguan, a gateway to ancient Beijing from Inner Mongolia, was built in a 15-kilometer long ravine flanked by mountains. The cavalrymen of Genghis Khan swept through it in the 13th century. At the center of the pass is a white marble platform named the Cloud terrace, which was called the Crossing-Street Dagoba, since its narrow arch spanned the main street of the pass and on the top of the terrace there used to be three stone dagobas, built in the Yuan Daynasty(1206-1368). At the bottom of the terrace is a half-octagonal arch gateway, interesting for its wealth of detail: it is decorated with splendid images of Buddha and four celestial guardians carved on the walls. The vividness of their expressions is matched by the exquisite workmanship. such grandiose relics works, with several stones pieced together, are rarely seen in ancient Chinese carving. The gate jambs bear a multi-lingual Buddhist sutra, carved some 600 years ago in Sanskrit(3), Tibetan, Mongolian, Uigur(4), Han Chinese and the language of Western Xia. Undoubtedly, they are valuable to the study of Buddhism and ancient languages. As a cultural heritage, the Wall belongs not only to China but to the world. The Venice charter says: "Historical and cultural architecture not only includes the individual architectural works, but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations, significant social developments or historical events." The Great Wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world. In 1987, the Wall was listed by UNESCO as a world cultural heritage site.

Notes:1. the Taj Mahal in India 印度的泰姬陵2. the Hanging Garden of Babylon 巴比伦的空中花园3. Sanskrit 梵语4. Uigur 维吾尔语

There stand 14 major passes (Guan, in Chinese) at places of strategic importance along the Great Wall, the most important being Shanghaiguan and Jiayuguan. Yet the most impressive one is Juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of Beijing.

Known as "Tian Xia Di YI Guan" (The First Pass Under Heaven), Shanghaiguan Pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north China with the northeast. It had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here. It was the gate of Shanghaiguan that the Ming general Wu Sangui opened to the Manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by Li Zicheng and so surrendered the whole Ming empire to theManchus, leading to the foundation of the Qing Dynasty. (1644-1911)

Jiayuguan Pass was not so much as the "Strategic pass Under the Heaven" as an important communication center in Chinese history. Cleft between the snow-capped Qilian Mountains and the rolling Mazong Mountains, it was on the ancient Silk Road. Zhang Qian, the first envoy of Emperor Wu Di of the Western Han dynasty (206 B.C-24 A.D), crossed it on his journey to the western regions. Later, silk flowed to the west through this pass too. The gate-tower of Jiayuguan is an attractive building of excellent workmanship. It has an inner city and an outer city, the former square in shape and surrounded by a wall 11.7 meters high and 730 meters in circumference. It has two gates, an eastern one and a western one. On each gate sits a tower facing each other. the four corners of the wall are occupied by four watch towers, one for each.

Juyongguan, a gateway to ancient Beijing from Inner Mongolia, was built in a 15-kilometer long ravine flanked by mountains. The cavalrymen of Genghis Khan swept through it in the 13th century. At the center of the pass is a white marble platform named the Cloud terrace, which was called the Crossing-Street Dagoba, since its narrow arch spanned the main street of the pass and on the top of the terrace there used to be three stone dagobas, built in the Yuan Daynasty(1206-1368). At the bottom of the terrace is a half-octagonal arch gateway, interesting for its wealth of detail: it is decorated with splendid images of Buddha and four celestial guardians carved on the walls. The vividness of their expressions is matched by the exquisite workmanship. such grandiose relics works, with several stones pieced together, are rarely seen in ancient Chinese carving. The gate jambs bear a multi-lingual Buddhist sutra, carved some 600 years ago in Sanskrit(3), Tibetan, Mongolian, Uigur(4), Han Chinese and the language of Western Xia. Undoubtedly, they are valuable to the study of Buddhism and ancient languages.

As a cultural heritage, the Wall belongs not only to China but to the world. The Venice charter says: "Historical and cultural architecture not only includes the individual architectural works, but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations, significant social developments or historical events." The Great Wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world. In 1987, the Wall was listed by UNESCO as a world cultural heritage site.

万里长城导游词400字

尊敬的先生们，女士们，小朋友们，你们好!我们将要游览的是壮丽的万里长城。我是你们的导游。万里长城是我国重点文物保护单位，在1987年12月被列入世界遗产名录,这是中国人的骄傲和自豪.

毛主席说过:"不到长城非好汉."是啊!长城是中国民族的象征,身为中华儿女怎么能不来游览一番呢?

古时候有孟姜女哭倒长城的动人传说:勤劳聪明的孟姜女为了寻找被官兵捉去修长城的丈夫,千里迢迢来到长城下,经过打听,却知丈夫已被活活累死!听到这晴天霹雳,孟姜女伤心地在长城下一连哭了三天三夜.只听"轰隆"一声,8百里长城倒下了.游客们,这是一个多么动人的故事啊!

万里长城凝结了千千万万劳动人民的血汗.是中华民族智慧的结晶.长城像巨龙盘旋在群山中,那磅礴的气势,闻名世界.

我们此时正站在八达岭长城上,踏着脚下的方砖,扶着墙上的条石.单看着数不清的条石,一块有两三千斤重,那时没有火车,汽车,没有起重机,就靠着无数的肩膀无数的手,一步一步地抬上着陡峭的山岭.游客们,看着这些,我们没有理由不想起古代修筑长城的劳动人民来.他们的智慧不得不让我们敬佩!

万里长城到处都是雄伟壮丽的景象,说也说不尽,下面就请大家慢慢游览吧!

长城导游词

大家好，我是今天的导游，我姓薛，大家可以叫我薛导游，今天大家游览的地方是长城，俗话说得好：“不到长城非好汉。”今天，就让我们登上长城做好汉吧!

北京长城如同一条条沉睡的金色的巨龙，静卧在崇山峻岭之间，保卫着祖国伟大的毛主席，这天安门广场，就像龙身上的一片片鳞甲;这一个一个巨大的堡垒，好像龙身上的麟，秦统一六国以后，秦始皇发动一百八十万民工，将各个长城连接成了万里长城。

中间还有一个故事：古时候是用泥和热水来粘成的，现在我们面前的就是好汉坡了，登上了它们就是好汉了!我们扶好鉄扶手，我们向前吧!

从北京出发，不过一百里就来到了万里长城的脚下，这一段长城修筑在八达岭上，高大坚固，是用巨大的条石和城砖筑成的，城墙顶上铺着方砖，十分平整，像一条条很宽的马路，五六匹马可以并行。这气魄雄伟的工程，在世界历史上是一个伟大的奇迹!

今天的旅游就到这里结束了，希望大家下次再来观看这万里长城，看看我们中国这样气魄雄伟的奇迹呀!

Tian’anmen( the Gate of Heavenly Peace), is located in the center ofBeijing. It was first built in 1417 and named Chengtianmen( the Gate of HeavenlySuccession). At the end of the Ming Dynasty, it was seriously damaged by war.When it was rebuilt under the Qing in 1651, it was renamed Tian’anmen, andserved as the main entrance to the Imperial City, the administrative andresidential quarters for court officials and retainers. The southern sections ofthe Imperial City wall still stand on both sides of the Gate. The tower at thetop of the gate is nine-room wide and five –room deep. According to the Book ofChanges, the two numbers nine and five, when combined, symbolize the supremestatus of a sovereign.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Tian’anmen was the place where stateceremonies took place. The most important one of them was the issuing ofimperial edicts, which followed these steps:

1) The Minister of Rites would receive the edict in Taihedian( Hall ofSupreme Harmony), where the Emperor was holding his court. The minister wouldthen carry the decree on a yunpan( tray of cloud), and withdraw from the hallvia Taihemen( Gate of supreme Harmony)

2) The Minister would put the tray in a miniature longting( dragonpavilion). Beneath a yellow umbrella and carry it via Wumen( Meridian Gate), toTian’anmen Gate tower.

3) A courtier would be invested to proclaim the edict. The civil andmilitary officials lining both sides of the gateway beneath the tower wouldprostrate themselves in the direction of the emperor in waiting for the decreeto the proclaimed.

4) The courtier would then put the edict in a phoenix-shaped wooden box andlower it from the tower by means of a silk cord. The document would finally becarried in a similar tray of cloud under a yellow umbrella to the Ministry ofRites.

5) The edict, copied on yellow paper, would be made known to the wholecountry.

Such a process was historically recorded as “ Imperial Edict Issued byGolden Phoenix”.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties Tian’anmen was the most importantpassage. It was this gate that the Emperor and his retinue would go through ontheir way to the altars for ritual and religious activities.

On the Westside of Tian’anmen stands ZhongshanPark( Dr. Sun Yat-sen’sPark), and on the east side, the Working People’s Cultural Palave. The Park wasformerly called Shejitan( Altar of Land and Grain), built in 1420 for offeringsacrificial items to the God of Land. It was opened to the public as a park in1914 and its name was changed in 1928 to the present one in memory of the greatpioneer of the Chinese Democratic Revolution.

The Working People’s Cultural Palace used to be Taimiao( the SupremeAncestral Temple), where tablets of the deceased dynastic rulers were kept.

The stream in front of Tian’anmen is called Waijinshuihe( Outer GoldenRiver),with seven marble bridges spanning over it . Of these sevenbridges,historical records say the middle one was for the exclusive use of theemperor and was accordingly called Yuluqiao( Imperial Bridge). The bridgesflanking it on either side were meant for the members of the royal family andwere therefore called Wanggongqiao( Royal’s Bridges). Farther away on each sideof the two were bridges for officials ranking above the third order and werenamed Pinjiqiao( ministerial Bridges). The remaining two bridges were for theuse by the retinue below the third order and wre called Gongshengqiao( commonBridges). They anr the one in front of the Supreme Ancestral Temple to the eastand the one in front of the Altar of land and Grain to the west.

The two stone lions by the Gate of Tian’anmen, one on each side were meantas sentries. They gaze toward the middle axis, guarding the emperor’s walkway.In front of the gate stands a pair of marble columns called Huabiao. They areelaborately cut in bas-relief following the pattern of a legendary dragon.Behind the gate stands another pair of similar columns. The story of Huabiao maybe traced to a couple of sources. One of the versions accredits its invention toone of the Chinese sage kings named Yao, who was said to have set up a woodenpillar in order to allow the ordinary people to expose evil-doers, hence it wasoriginally called a slander pillar. Later it ws reduced to a signpost, and nowit serves as an ornament.

The beast sitting on the top of the column is called” hou”, a legendaryanimal, which is said to have been a watcher of an emperor’s behaviour. He wasdoing such duties as warning the emperor against staying too long outside thepalace or indulging in pleasure and urging him to go to the people for theircomplaints or return in due time. Therefore, the two pairs of beasts were giventhe names” Wangjunhui”( Expecting the emperor’s coming back) and “ wangjunchu”(Expecting the emperor’s going out) respectinvely.

In the old days, Tian’anmen, as a part of the Imperial City, was meant forimportant occasions. The two rows of chaofang( antechamber), on the sides behindthe main gate, wre reserved for civil and military members of the governmentwaiting for imperial audience and in front of the gate, were offices of imperialadministration.

On October 1, 1949, chairman Mao Zedong proclaimed on Tian’anmen Rostrumthe founding of the People’s Republic of China. Since then Tian’anmen has beenthe symbol of New Chinea. Chairman Mao’s portrait is hung above the centralentrance, flanked by two slogans:” Long Live the Great Unity of the Peoples ofthe World”. Today , the splendour of Tian’anmen attracts million of visitorsfrom all over the world. The Rostrum on its top was opened in 1988 to the publicfor the first time in its history. It offers a panoramic view of the Square andthe city proper.

Tian’anmen Square

Situated due south of Tian’anmen, the Square has an area of 44 hectares(109 acres) that can accommodate as many as one million people for publicgatherings. It has witnessed may historical events in China’s modern history andis a place for celebrations on such festive days as international Labour Day onMay 1st and national Day on October 1st.

Around the Square are several famous buildings:

1 The Great Hall of the People

This is one of the largest congressional buildings in the world. Built in1959, the hall consists of three parts: a 10,000-seat auditorium in the center,a banquet hall in the north wing facing Chang’an Street, with a seating capacityof 5,000, and offices for the Standing Committee of the National Peoples’Congress of China in the south. In addition, thirty-four reception chambers arenamed after various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directlyunde the Central Government, plus Hong Kong and Macao. Each is different fromthe other in decoration and furnishings to stress their local features.

2 The Museum of Chinese History and the Museum of the ChineseRevolution

These two museums were also built in 1959. the museum of Chinese Historyhouses a permanent exhibition in four parts, covering the entire process ofChinese history spanning from 1.7 million years ago to 1919:

1) The Primitive Society( 1.7 million years ago to the 21st centuryBC);

2) The Slave Society(21st century BC to 476 BC.);

3) The Feudal Society(475 BC. To 1840 AD.);

4) The Semi-Colonial and Semi- Fedual Society(1840 to 1919.)

The Museum of the Chinese Revolution covers the period from 1919 to1949.

3 The Monument to the People’s Heroes

the monument was built in memory of thousands of martyrs who died for therevolutionary cause of the Chinese people. Its construction began on August 1,1952 and was not completed until 1958. in the form of an obelisk, the Monumentas made of more than 17,000 pieces of tranite and white marble. The purple pieceinlaid in the front of the Monument was brought from Qingdao, Shandong Province.It is 38 meters(124ft 8 in) high, the loftiest of its kind ever seen in thecountry. Not only is it an historic memorial for immortal heroes, but also it isan artistic work of excellent architectural value.

On the front side of the Monument is an engraved inscription in Chinesecharacters written by Chairman Mao Zedong, which reads” Eternal Glory to thePeople’s Heroes!”. On the back of the Monument is an article written by ChairmanMao, but in Chinese calligraphy by the late Premier Zhou Enlai.

At the top of the Monument are eight gigantic carved wreathes of suchflowers as peony, lotus and chrysanthemum, symbolizing nobility, purity, andfortitude. At the base of the monument are eight marble reliefs depicting theChinese historic events since 1840. They are:

1) The Burning of Opium in 1840:

2) The uprising of 1851 in Jintian, Guangxi;

3) The Revolution of 1911;

4) The May Fourth Movement of 1919;

5) The May 30th Movement of 1925;

6) The Uprising of 1927 in Nanchang, Jiangxi;

7) The War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression from 1937 to 1945;

8) The Victorious Crossing over the Yangtze River by the Peoples’sLiberation Army in 1949. This relief is flanked by two smaller ones—“ Supplyingthe Front” and “ Greeting the P.L.A.”.

4 Chairman Mao’s Mausoleum

Chairman Mao Zedong, the founder of the People’s Pepublic of China, passedaway on Sepember 9, 1976. In commemoration of this great man, a mausoleum beganto be constructed in November 1976, and was completes in August the followingyear. The Mausoleum was officially opened on September 9, 1977.

大家好!我是一位小小导游。今天，我就给出大家介绍一下着名的世界遗产长城。 毛主席曾经说过：不到长城非好汉。今天，你们要登长城做好汉了!祝贺你们!你们知道吗?长城被列入世界遗产的时间是1987年12月。长城是中国的像征，身为中华儿女的我们，又怎么能不骄傲呢?

大家记得古时候有一个传说吗?那是勤劳的孟姜女为了找被官兵捉去建筑长城的丈夫，经过许多艰难困苦，来到长城边。当她四处打听，才知道丈夫被活活地累死了，于是，她在长城哭了三天三夜。突然，只听轰隆一声，长城被哭倒了800里。游客们，这是多么感人的故事啊，可见，万里长城凝结了千万人民的血汗，是中华人民智慧的结晶。

长城总长约6700千米，最有名的八达岭长城随山势起伏，南北两边都有高峰耸立着。大家请跟我来。看，长城主要由关隘、城墙和烽火台三部分组成的。城墙是长城的主要工程，特别坚固，是用巨砖、石条等材料砌成的。关隘就是长城沿线的重要驻兵据点。大家请看看旁边，城顶上有一个垛口，每个垛口上都有一个小口，那就是嘹望口。垛口下面都有一个枪击口。至于烽火台，是有军情时点燃烽火来传递信息的建筑。现在，大家站在长城上远眺，是不是前看不到头，后见不着尾呢?

游客们，我先介绍到这里了，请大家漫步欣赏。大家注意了，在游览时，不要乱丢垃圾，乱涂乱画，爱护长城这一人们用血汗换来的世界遗产。