拙政园导游词英文介绍（汇集20篇）

泰山景区英文导游词3篇

泰山的日出，是一个想象的世界，神奇的世界，日出景象的美妙是笔墨难以形容的。下面是第一范文网带来的泰山景区英文导游词，希望可以帮助到大家。

篇一：泰山景区英文导游词

Dear friends, my friends, everybody is good. I am the guide you guide, visit mount tai scenic spot Zhu Yingtong. We have now arrived, taishan scenic area. Right in front of us there is a mount taishan stone: Qin Taishan stone in his 28 years, was in 219 BC, mount tai is one of the earliest sharpening.

Taishan sharpening, according to its different USES, purpose and means, and formed the different category. It is a stone tablet stone carving. Second, the portrait stone carvings. Third, the buddhist statues carved stone. Fourth, moya carved stone. Five classics carved stone. Six is the epitaph tomb inscription carved stone tower. Seven is fude stone carvings. Eight is a carved stone construction.

Taishan stone carving in stone carvings of figures, animals, relief of chariots and horses, houses, animals, such as image, carved stone words, etc., is an organic part of the ancient Chinese art history, and philosophy, literature, history, and ceremonial aspects of content, is also the embodiment of spiritual civilization in ancient China. At the same time, mount tai stone carving stone of the han, han dynasty reflect the production and living standards, is the concentrated reflection of material civilization in ancient China. As li admire Mr Lin said: "taishan is one of the main symbol of Chinese culture, and promote Chinese culture, first, carrying forward the culture of mount tai, it is natural thing to do."

There is a legend about mount tai: when pangu fell, his head, dongyue, abdomen into zhong, left arm into nanyue, become beiyue in her right arm and two feet into the west.

Finally I wish you all have a good time, thank you!

篇二：泰山景区英文导游词

Ladies and gentlemen:

How do you do! Warmly welcome to mount tai, today I will and family together from taishan road on the top of the mountain.

This is high, the ancient taishan contains rich natural and cultural accumulation, has been UNESCO world cultural and natural heritage list. Now, we are still like the ancients, asking how "temple", then join me into the mount, to appreciate the charm of mount tai.

This is dai. Started from the dai temple, temple lane, a heaven, red doors, doors, the arch of ascending immortals to the worse, is the ancient emperor I taishan road, through the now famous person called "heaven scenic spot", also called road, is the oldest of taishan mountain road 6 now. We will from the road to the utmost.

Home before noticed the towering dai temple, and a more temples, that is "remote pavilion", are the starting point of the first emperor I mount tai. The emperor held to taishan I sacrifice, all visits by simple ceremony here first, so before the Ming dynasty, called the "grass and pavilion". Id in the Ming dynasty, changed its name to "remote pavilion" refs. Though it is a word, base devout do contain it.

Friends, the ancient architecture in architectural history in the world has a unique position, is remote and pavilion of the architectural concept for both I would become a standard for a prelude to the need of step by step into the climax, also is the ancient suppression before youngs aesthetic thought.

Qianmen is the dai temple, ping is a wonderful party. With such charm to dai temple, is determined by its own characteristics. First of all, it is different from general temple, the walls of the wall week 1300 meters, 5 layer foundation, build by laying bricks or stones on the blue bricks, a trapezoid, 17.6 meters wide, 11 meters wide, 10 meters high, a total of eight gate: for qianmen, as the front entrance to the dai temple. From the dai temple, qianmen into head-on is tianmen, chopped son say "DE with heaven and earth" meaning. With doors on both sides of the east for three spirit Hou Dian, west to qiu, three temple are connected to the wall, and constitute the dai temple between the first into the yard.

Ringha door, is the majestic high Kuang song day, it is also called China sun temple, is the main body of the temple. Width between 9 days Kuang temple, 643.67 meters, the depth 5, 17.18 meters, the intake of 23.3 m. Kuang temple is located in the spacious home, day white stylobate, stone column jacaranda around, around the cloud shape column at his columns, and make the heavens Kuang the environment around the house and has a wonderful effect.

Day around Kuang temple corridors, forming a compound, on the two sides of buildings, gallery is to play the make the space has banded, the folding of the gas and closely, rigorous and abound change, this is to connect the world history of architecture. Dai temple in the corridor to a double-hipped roof hip roof building tightly hugging, straight and high contrast more inspired people to day Kuang own house. Ancient Chinese architects know that there is no absolute absolutely, from comparison, in addition to low around the corridors, days before Kuang temple platform also took two exquisite royal pavilion, both highlighted the day Kuang temple, and in a quiet sound, so the day Kuang temple is not of the two words can be summarized with.

From day Kuang falsely back out, a brick tunnel connected to the bedroom after. When the emperor song zhenzong letter taishan, dubbed "emperor", because of mount tai emperor should be winner ", then to match a lady "shu next year". From this point of view, dai temple is more many, Taoism as more like the royal court, this layout is further revealed the feudal rulers of dai political activities of the utilitarian purpose.

Just now, we are along the dai temple to visit the main axis, and on both sides of main axis, the other 4 individual, both before and after the east, the former as "opzoon", according to legend the emperor of 6 strains of cooper in the courtyard; After the "east the throne", is the place where the emperor the taishan hotel.

Here is the mount tai is famous 18. About 2.5 billion years ago, in a geologist called "taishan sports" orogeny, GuTaiShan from an ocean rise for the first time, after several vicissitudes of life, mount tai is rising and sinking, sinking and rising, finally 30 million years ago in the Himalayan orogeny, finally formed todays mount tai. Ancient orogeny created Tarzan foothill stepped up three fault zone, a step from the cloud layer on the bridge fault zone to the utmost, abrupt rise of more than 400 meters above sea level, making it a layer of strip with all round with a strong contrast peaks, like the pagoda of brake, formed the "column" east days of momentum.

Here is the tight 18, is also the climbing plate is the most difficult part of the road. Cliff house, the inscribed copy of the elders: "hard up", "the first mountain", "green ladder climbing together"... It was the encourage us. Look at the load of one hundred jin, pick, workers think again when the nameless chisel shek sau passers-by... Speechless, but they can motivate people up mountains. Friend, mountaineering is like doing any business, only up to the end, to overcome and obstacles, to reach the highest realm!

The worse, we are in "heaven", although we have not immortal, but we are here to "climb the tianshan and heaven is revealed to the heroic.

Into the worse, as opposed to a temple called "porch" outstanding, outstanding porch one on each side can go to the north. Go out to the west there is a mountain peak "of oar in nature, the mountains have a pavilion, a month view pavilion. It is said that day high air in late autumn season, here also can see" Huang Hejin belts "singular landscape: under the setting sun is reflected in the backdrop, dimmed, but the Yellow River, reflecting the light of the sun, like a flash of gold belt, the day in the ground together. At night, under the bright moonlight, the lights of the north visible at jinan, so the peak month view say again" at the mansion mountain ".

Out the worse yard east fold is the Yin. Yin, the streets of heaven, more poetic. Travel east along the Yin, the north one lane, plaques on the topic shadow Wu Sheng mark ", this is from Confucius and YanYuan see wu Chang outside a white horse. Fang north is the Confucius temple.

Yin is the most eastern end of azure clouds temple, I tell the stories brigitte xia yuan jun to the home. Brigitte xia yuan juns predecessor is the goddess of mount tai, the folk known as "fairy herself xia yuan jun" is people mind of mount tai is the Lord god, and is referred to as "taishan" grandma, "taishan mother". Taishan syndrome of old people of faith and love, is a history of buried deep in peoples heart of a mothers love. For many years, Beckham won the affection of his people, xia yuan jun still stand on the top of mount tai, accept the good faith boy and girl, incense, wandering township called to leave the country.

Ok, let us into the green chardonnay temple. , 2500 square meters, built the throne room, peidian peidian, 3 door god, bell tower, drum tower, incense, long live the floor, one thousand jin ding, pool fire, and zhaobi, dance floor, royal pavilion... And as the royal mountain high winds, the temple of copper for copper tile, stone, glittering, just like the imperial palace in the sky. The height of mount tai azure clouds temple architecture technique is considered to be the model of the construction of the ancient mountains, people come here to visit dance is not feeling it and its high, sacredness arises spontaneously. Today, mount tai azure clouds temple buildings unique prepared.

The azure clouds temple east door north along the winding mountain paths to god, a wall of rock stand tall, cliff stone carvings around, yangyang, called "peak". Peak on the west side, a few years all have the ancients write on a stone, this area is open to the calligraphy art museum.

Peak bends and on the west side of the view to the top, who seems to go all the way up the stone steps finally arrived at the end of the utmost - jade emperor peak is mount tai.

The jade emperor pagoda built in the utmost, aross like to taishan wearing a crown. By the gate into the temple, the first see is a hospital bill "the utmost stone". The utmost stone columns, lie in a circle of fewer meters high, rough surface, if elsewhere, will be a the most ordinary not stone. But here, beside it have ready and ready and the monuments reads: "1545 meters of mount tai is the utmost". According to the geology analysis, thats it, at 30 million years ago from a trough to hog, it rooted in the 10000 meters deep in the earths crust; Is it, with hundreds of square kilometers of the base, the whole mountain is carried on it, make it the clouds, so that the jade emperor of jade emperor pagoda became the patron saint of it.

My friends, a day of travel is over. Hope you can come again to the mount tai. Thank you for your home!

篇三：泰山景区英文导游词

Ladies and gentlemen:

First of all, let me, on behalf of travel agency, for everyone to mount tai tourism, sightseeing, a warm welcome!

During our stay in taishan, I hope you can have fun, eat, live at ease, at the same time I hope you in taishan tour will be able to get a big harvest, leave a good memory.

Mount tai, called temple, it is located in eastern shandong province, the eastern side of the great plains of north China, covers an area of 426 square kilometers, the elevation 1545 meters, bearing for 6 minutes east longitude 117 degrees, 36 degrees north latitude 16 points. Majestic mount tai, has a long history and numerous cultural relics, in order to "first five" the reputation of the island at all. Wei tai standing as a national monument in the earth, has attracted worldwide attention.

In 1982, mount tai was listed as the first batch of national key scenic area, under the state council in 1987, UNESCO world natural and cultural heritage, in 1992 named the national tourist resort 40 +. Taishan protection so far better buildings there are 22, a total construction area of more than 140000 square meters. Between the ancient architectural complexes, and 12 Shi Fang 7, 6 stone bridge, stone pavilion, one copper pavilion and 1 steel tower. Taishan sharpening has more than 2200, is known as "Chinas cliff burring museum", here is Chinas earliest stone system burring tai shan qin burring; There are precious, HengFang memorial tablet and jin han dynasty of lady tablet; There is known as "big word" and "zong" of BangShu beiqi the stone valley burring; Have all the plethora of tang dynasty > and double beam tablet in the tang dynasty, etc. Mount tai is fomous trees is various, is known as "the living world natural heritage". Taishan fomous trees more than one hundred, more than one hundred strains, opzoon 6 strains, of which 2100 years ago, 1300 years ago Tang Huai, 500 years ago at people, 5 doctors, come loose and a 600 years ago has been hailed as a national treasure in the bonsai pines "small six dynasties". Mount tai are famous for their grandeur, present a male, strange, risks, show, deep and remote, Mr, kuang, and many other beautiful image, 12 taishan scenic spot with famous mountains, cliff ridge, 78, 18, cave stone 58, valleys of article 12, 56, tam pool waterfall mountain spring 64, is the famous ying tan, the fan cliff, TianZhuFeng, peach blossom valley landscape such as 10 nature; The sunrise, sunset afterglow, Huang Hejin belt, sea of clouds tracts of ten natural wonders.

Taishan sunrise, it is an imaginary world, magical world, is the beauty of pen and ink indescribable sunrise scene. Since the ancient times, numerous poets of taishan sunrise spectacular landscape has a vivid description. Song dynasty ci MeiShengYu "morning RiGuanFeng, yellow sea melting. Bath the wheel light, follow day." Rhyme is especially peoples love, in the morning before dawn, stood RiGuanFeng, lifted up his eyes, and the east, and the morning star fadeout, faint show, a sea of clouds rolling between heaven and earth, slightly hectares, a gleam of dawn through clouds illuminated the east, then by the grey sky become yellow, then orange, purple, red and magnificent sunrise, like waves of the clouds, the sun, composed of series design of colorful, beautiful and colorful, the sun in the sun tingting nana rose from the clouds, the sun, due to the influence of the waves rolling revealing and flickering, disc gently and influenced by peaks and troughs propulsion when jumping up and down, gradually into a round shape, majestic, golden light, qunfeng do dye, the earth is bright.

At sunset the clouds cloud floating in the sky, the afterglow of the setting sun, like a coin golden light through the clouds with the mountain. The sun is like a huge tracts, change from white to yellow, more and more big, the sky like satin brocade, until the sunset sink to the bottom of the cloud, diffused into a piece of red, the sky clouds, mountains like in combustion, day is red, the mountain is red, the cloud is red, the earth also is red. A ribbon, lifted up his eyes, and looked, Huang Hexiang wound its way from the sky, in the backdrop of the sunset, white ribbon of the Yellow River, on the smooth roll, give a person with illusion. "A including stopped here, worn out in the world through the Milky Way". The sun slowly on to the Yellow River, ribbons the Huang Hexiang is tied on the sun, like dancing in the sky to the garnet. A cloud of mount tai is changeable. Attendance after the rain, a lot of actual evapotranspiration, combined with the summer monsoon from the sea to the warm air, cloud fog. Sometimes large cloud to form a long strap on a mountainside, like robes jade belt, and the mountain mountain are fine; Sometimes the dark clouds rolling, a worldshaking streak; Also sometimes baiyun tile, such as the earth spread flocculant, valley pile of snow, and clouds of white clouds, like thousands of tracts, diffuse light over chung, arrangement, like calm as the mighty ocean, and this is the famous "yun tracts.

Brigitte chardonnay baoguang is another wonders of mount tai. "Bao guang" commonly known as "Buddha", and more appear in the azure clouds temple east, west, south gate, god azure clouds temple is located in the jade emperor peak before the bosom, the terrain is relatively dips, cloud and mist is relatively thicker and more stable, in the air behind, according to figures appear in the fog, ultraviolet in formation around the red color ring, shall unripe brightness, color ring appears red, orange, yellow, green, green, blue, violet seven color, sometimes there will be double loop, more beautiful and moving. Visitors standing in front of the tent of fog gestures, aura of shadow dance, also arises spontaneously is immortal fluttered about the feeling of people.

Mount tai in the winter, the temperature in - 20 degrees Celsius, the temperature warmed up, after that the weather is fine continental air down slightly, the southern warm air masses of fog mountain, breeze blowing, floating cloud droplets hit a tree, rock, roof, condense into ice crystals, the layer cascade folds, formed "thousand branch Joan jade", "Wan Shuhua" the rime of wonders. Mount tai and became a world as white as silver, like the dragon palace abode of fairies and immortals, dont have some kind of emotional appeal.

Mount tai in the winter, also very cool rain, down to the ground, an object, rapid forming a hard, smooth and transparent ice, that is "sleet. Whenever the sleet, mountains down trees like ice, the ground spreads rock like mirror, mount tai is turned into ice sculpture YuZhuo "coloured glaze in the world". Sunny after the rain, red sun reflected the climb, the blue sky line xiashan, sparkling, golden light path, full mountain conifers white snow, snow mountains everywhere, good pack Edward Chen north scenery.

Taishan district unique natural environment and long history culture breeding has produced various li shan xiushui and cultural attractions, vividly recorded the historical development of our Chinese nation civilization chapter. Modern archaeological scientific research has revealed in the paleolithic period of 50000 years ago, around mount tai have traces of human activity. A large amount of historical data were recorded taishan area in early stage of matriarchal society has revealed the dawn of civilization. In the 5000 years ago the neolithic age, at the northern foot of mount tai foothill of dawenkou culture, longshan culture, not only affect the shandong, and affects large areas of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. The spring and autumn period and the warring states period of "the state of qilu" is highly developed in the history of Chinese politics, economy, culture, Confucius, mencius is one of the historical and cultural celebrities. History tells us that tai shan area as early as in ancient times has become the important birthplace of Oriental culture, and taishan in the pre-qin period has become Chinas first famous mountains, as five mountains.

Taishan actual altitude is not too high, is inferior to mount heng, huashan in the mountains, only accounted for a third. Compared with the national many mountains are not nearly as well. But why does it become a renowned in the ancient and modern "yue long", "with its unique and exclusive reputation? This is from the geographical environment and the primitive religion of mount tai.

Taishan rise in the east of north China plain, over plains of qilu, wide sea in the east, the west has a long history of the Yellow River, the south has graduated, see, the water of huai, plains, hills and relative elevation 1300 meters, form sharp contrast, thus stands tall on the vision; Making sense and see the mountains small high kuang momentum; Mountains spanning more than 100 kilometers, 426 square kilometers, its basic AnWenGan wide, form large and concentrated massiness, are produced by a "town of d but not shake," the dignity. The so-called "firmly" ", "as heavy as mount tai", it is its natural characteristics in a reflection of peoples physiological and psychological.

Throughout history, people always put mount tai as a tall, beautiful, noble, determination of image, passion to sing. The second century BC, sima qian in his > in wrote: "death, or heavier than mount tai or lighter than a feather". Chairman MAO had cited the words of sima qian teach people, "to die for the people is weightier than mount tai". This spirit of the mount tai is closely linked to the meaning of life, the outlook on life, plays a big role in the education of the peoples.

Six dynasties as the >, qin and han dynasties, the folk legend of pangus (ancient beginning, all things of god) death come to dongyue, left arm of nanyue, right arm as beiyue, sufficient for the west. Pangu corpse head east and dongyue, mount tai is, of course, the five mountains. Apparently according to >, > theory creation myth, reflects the historical background of taishan exclusive mountains.

The east is the place where the sun were to rise up, the ancients that happens is all things change, the beginning of spring. Therefore, the east is the source of life, hope and auspicious symbol. And ancient ancestors and majestic peculiar dongyue often regarded as gods, the gods as object to worship, pray for the good so, mount tai is located in the east - the borne to pull a behemoth has become "by" everything is "auspicious mountain", "home of the gods". Emperor by destiny "son of heaven" more see taishan as national unity and the symbol of power. Thanks to sent the "man", by the grace of also will come to mount tai worship god. Chow, shang Kings east soil at the foot of mount tai, the base to build taishan to qilu; Legend in the qin and han dynasties ago, 72 to the Kings of the taishan god, after emperor qin, qin ii, the emperor, han GuangWuDi its chapter, han emperor, han, sui wendi, the emperor, wu zetian, tang dynasty, tang emperor song zhenzong, the qing emperor kangxi and qianlong heels the ancient emperors to taishan I send offerings, sharpening JiGong. Every emperor with the aid of taishan compared to consolidate his rule, make mount tai an unbounded was lifted to a divine status.

With every emperor I sacrifice, mount tai became the important place of various religious sects activity. As early as the warring states period had Huang Boyang monastery in the mountain, after all previous dynasties famous Taoist celebrities have been preaching on mount tai, built temple built concept. Buddhism since the eastern jin lang lang and create a good buddhist temple began, also growing in mount tai.

Taishan attracted numerous cultural celebrities, generations of poets and painters, dachaoshan usually go there on special trip for them, writing, left a rich cultural products. Confucius, guanzhong, sima qian, zhang heng, zhuge liang, liu yuxis, li bai, du fu, and su dongpo, ouyang xiu, fan zhongyan, wang shizhen, yao nai, guo moruo scrawled JiShu, left a vast adais poems, the visitors from the mountain god worship to sightseeing, the new direction of aesthetic knowledge. By foot ascend the stairs, to the top of mount tai, there are thousands of cliff stone carvings alone, from qin dynasty to qing dynasty, dynasties have extravaganza. The color, style meaning every generation is different, its scale, work, time of continuity, genre and style, exquisite art, construct the clever are world famous mountains of unparalleled scene. Carved ancient high charm contained in deep feeling and wei the majestic mount tai fuses in together, fully embodies the unyielding noble spirit of the Chinese nation.

In taishan in thousands of years of civilization, the working people have created a series of brilliant cultural landscape and the combination of tall, magnificent natural landscape, formed the image of a noble mount tai, mount tai constitute the unique scenery landscape. Humanities landscape layout and creation, is based on the natural landscape, especially the topographic characteristics and the needs of the I, sightseeing, ornamental activity design. The most representative is the route I emperor, and the people dachaoshan pilgrimages. Its main body is to pull tongtian natural landscape, the theme is sealing day zen thought content, the layout form is focused on the artemisia in the land of the mountain, the emperors yi dai to seal day the jade emperor peak form as long as more than 10 kilometers of hell - a triple space axis - heaven on earth. Southwest in city nai river crossing to mountain in artemisia (at taian station of anji) as the "land of the dead"; Taian city for the world; Since north temple lane, along the 6666 level "ladder" to DaiDing "tianfu".

TaiAnCheng is due to the ancient emperors I sacrifice, and the people dachaoshan pilgrimages and sightseeing development. s dai temple are undoubtedly visitors choice of Thai city on the central axis of the main body, the central axis from south of the city gate, extends to the temple, and then into the mountain bends and leads to the "heaven", make not only mountains and cities, on the function and form in architectural space sequence. The sequence according to the mountain worship of another program, runs through a from "people" to "wonderland". Look from the terrain, is by the gentle slope, slope until a steep slope, people from low to high, rising step by step, finally boarded the tianfu like; Look from the scale of construction, it reaches to the sky by human imperial palaces, gradually into the wonderland; Look from the color, red walls Huang Wa always with pines seem to form contrast. Through three mile a flagpole, five miles a memorial arch, a door, two doors (zhongtian gate), three doors (worse), triple rhythm, constituted a day, step by step the spectacular sequence.

Mount tai is the most prominent feature of ancient buildings is the use of geographical environment, it skillfully by natural trend, and with the artificial force to strengthen and beautify the environment. For I ritual activities, the choice of sequence space position, make full use of the tai shan south by gradual steep slope, causes the artistic conception of "ladder". All the streams, people in the valley of the bank of China, is a "closed" natural landscape, the segment is tightly contraction, until DaiDing to open. Prelude to long, contrast is very strong, for "worship" activity, produce environmental induction psychological state, if heaven, breathless. Step into the worse suddenly open, like fairy. Therefore, the geographical environment is the masterpiece of I sacrifice space sequence. Second, the location choice of single or group under construction and the creation of structures, have built across the way portal construction, have a climbing turn with the guidance of building, facing the creek and reward JingJianZhu, mid-levels suspension religious buildings, there are towering mountain of buildings, etc. Thirdly, from the construction of the structure, materials, decoration and garden space as the basic unit of group composition, are able to meet the requirements of terrain environment variable, this pavilion pavilion of building construction, set the cabinet of a cabinet; Need to open fully in the modelling and lighter, need to shrink in space real thick, fully embody the set by scene, due to the condition of construction thought.

Taishan main preserved ancient architecture is the style of the Ming and qing dynasties, it is not only the value of building the painting, sculpture, rocks, trees, become the example of ancient Chinese culture, preserve a huge I sacrifice sequence and a three-dimensional painting recorded history, but also left for us to keep up with the architecture model of natural by its unique artistic image to coordinate and strengthen the natural beauty, to performance and deepen the natural environment. Because of them, to make the natural landscape and human landscape set each other off of the mount tai is unripe brightness, make strict excessively day to taishan go deep into the heart of hundreds of millions of Chinese people, and famous in the world, become a whole a kind of precious heritage.

Mount tai, 3 road since ancient times. It was destroyed in the original east road, the original road naturally became now east road, visitors at taian station after the train, can swim first dai temple, and then from dai temple back door to the temple, walking through zhongtian gate to the worse, or walking to transfer to the cable car to the worse after zhongtian gate, along the Yin again by the azure clouds temple on mount tai is the utmost. If walk road (the original west road), from taian station to get off, can take tour bus along the mountains roads by ying tan, zhulin temple direct zhongtian gate, then to tianmen take the cable car or walk to the worse, until the Yin DaiDing again. If from the road up the hill, from taian station take tour bus to claimed yesterday (taian and jinan border) to the north, along the new monarch round hill road, in the flowers, spring ding-dong of maolin travel to shangri-la in the sunlit cableway station passenger ropeway from here until the northern tip of Yin, really is magic!

My dear friends, my introduction here. As the saying goes: seeing is believing, everybody wants to have a deep knowledge of mount tai, also need according to their own interest, personal into the arms of mount tai, footsteps slowly along the history and culture to visit, to watch carefully.

5篇介绍甘肃鸣沙山的导游词范文

鸣沙又叫响沙、哨沙或音乐沙，它是一种奇特的却在世界上普遍存在的自然现象。沙漠或者沙丘中，由于各种气候和地理因素的影响，造成以石英为主的细沙粒，因风吹震动，沙滑落或相互运动，众多沙粒在气流中旋转，表面空洞造成“空竹”效应发生嗡嗡响声的地方称为鸣沙地。下面是小编收集整理的5篇介绍甘肃鸣沙山的导游词范文，欢迎借鉴参考。

5篇介绍甘肃鸣沙山的导游词范文(一)

想知道鸣沙山为什么叫做鸣沙山，月牙泉为什么叫做月牙泉吗?望文生义是老师不允许的，但是在这里呢，大家可以小小的破一次例。还是先听一个故事吧。话说在long long long long ago,八仙中的张果老听说这一带风景如画，宛如人间仙境。就想下凡来瞧一瞧，看一看。于是乎就倒骑着毛驴，下凡来了。毛驴上还驮着两大袋沙子，您可别小瞧这沙子，这可是镇压鬼怪的宝物那。有一天呢，张果老骑驴到了鸣沙山脚下，正在欣赏风景的时候，一个淘气的小孩子把毛驴上的沙袋给扎开了!这可了不得了，毛驴受了惊吓弯弯曲曲的狂奔起来，沙子也随着毛驴奔跑的路线源源不绝的流出来，而毛驴的脚印踏过的地方，都会有水源出现。等到毛驴停止的时候，沙子也流完了，把这里的鬼怪全给镇压住了。

从此以后啊，只要一起风，这里的鬼怪就会呜呜哭，在反思自己的罪过。现在明白了吧，鸣沙山的响声就是鬼哭狼嚎的声音，月牙泉就是毛驴奔跑过得地方。开玩笑，只是个神话故事。鸣沙山就是因为山上的积沙骚动有声而大名鼎鼎，月牙泉则是因为形似弯弯新月而芳名远扬。

“山以灵而故鸣，水以神而益秀”，千百年来，鸣沙山月牙泉已经俨然成为了大漠戈壁中的孪生姐妹。不过现在呢，咱们得让她俩先分开一会，为什么?因为要一个一个给你们介绍啊!

先说鸣沙山。鸣沙山又称神沙山、沙角山，东起莫高窟崖顶，西接党河水库，东西绵延40公里，南北宽20公里，高达数十米，面积约200平方公里。它处于腾格里沙漠的边缘。整个山体都是由红黄绿黑白五色像米粒一样的沙粒堆积而成的。五色沙粒细软滑圆，手感非常好。不信，不信一会您亲自彭一把试试!鸣沙山的山形也是相当美观的，尤其在阳光的照耀下，那一道道沙脊就呈现出波纹状，一会儿湍急，一会儿缓慢，一会儿还自己打转儿，明暗相见，层次分明，远看连绵起伏，就像一条龙一样。人们登山下滑的时候啊，常常会觉得两肋生风，有羽化成仙飘飘然的感觉。史书记载啊，天空晴朗的天气，即使风平沙静，这里也会发出丝竹管弦之音，这就是敦煌八景中的“沙岭晴鸣”了。今天天气不错哦，看来大家很有运气啦。

鸣沙山的鸣响之谜，古人理解不了就用传说故事来解释，但是我们得从科学的角度推究啊。现在成型的解释大概有这么三种：一、静电发声。鸣沙山沙粒在人力或风力的推动下向下流泻，含有石英晶体的沙粒互相摩擦产生静电，静电放电即发出声响，响声汇集就大如雷了;二、摩擦发声。天气炎热时，沙粒特别干燥而且温度增高，稍有摩擦就可能发出爆裂声，众声汇合在一起就变成了轰轰隆隆的鸣响;三、共鸣放大。沙山群峰之间形成了壑谷，是天然的共鸣箱。流沙下泄时发出的摩擦声或放电声引起共振，经过天然共鸣箱的共鸣，放大了音量，形成了巨大的回响声。如果您对这三种解释都不满意，一会可要仔细研究了，说不定能提出更合理的解释呢。

接下来就是月牙泉了。月牙泉处于鸣沙山环抱之中，古称沙井，又名药泉。为什么叫药泉呢?相处泉内生长有铁背鱼和七星草，专治疑难杂症，食之还可以长生不老，所以就被称为药泉了。月牙泉面积13.2亩，长240米，宽39米，平均水深4.2米。这里水质甘冽，澄清如镜。说来也怪，月牙泉在沙子堆里躺了几千年，却始终碧波荡漾，清澈见底。下雨天不溢，大旱也不干涸，遇到烈风泉水不会被流沙淹没，地处戈壁泉水始终不浑浊，不能不说是大自然创造的奇迹。也难怪有人把它称为天下沙漠第一泉了。这“月牙晓澈”自然也成为敦煌八景之一咯。

好了，现在该让这对孪生姐妹见面了。鸣沙山月牙泉是国家级重点风景名胜区，还是中国旅游胜地四十佳之一呢，很厉害吧。一会下车了，大家可以光着丫丫爬山、滑沙、骑骆驼、登山丘，也可以滑板滑沙、跳牵引伞、滑翔伞。只是有一定可得注意了，别乐不思蜀不想回家了!

看你那迫不及待的样儿，不是到了吗?下车!

5篇介绍甘肃鸣沙山的导游词范文(二)

鸣沙山又称神沙山、沙角山。它位于甘肃省敦煌城南7公里处，东起莫高窟崖顶，西接党河水库，东西绵延40公里，南北宽20公里，高达数十米。

整个山体由红、黄、绿、黑、白米粒状沙粒堆积而成, 狂风起时，沙山会发出巨大的响声，轻风吹拂时，又似管弦丝竹，因而得名为鸣沙山。鸣沙山有二个奇特之处：人若从山顶下滑，脚下的沙子会呜呜作响;白天人们爬沙山留下的脚印，第二天竟会痕迹全无。

对于鸣沙山的鸣响之谜，古人难以理解，只好用传说故事来解释。如今进入科学发达的现代，人们对此谜进行科学的探究和推测，对于鸣沙山的鸣响之谜主要有三种解释：

一为静电发声。鸣沙山沙粒在人力或风力的推动下向下流泻，含有石英晶体的沙粒互相摩擦产生静电。静电放电即发出声响，响声汇集，声大如雷。

二为摩擦发声。天气炎热时，沙粒特别干燥而且温度增高。稍有摩擦，即可发出爆裂声，众声汇合一起便轰轰隆隆地鸣响。

三为共鸣放大。沙山群峰之间形成了壑谷，是天然的共鸣箱。流沙下泻时发出的摩擦声或放电声引起共振，经过天然共鸣箱的共鸣，放大了音量，形成巨大的回响声。

鸣沙山现在是国家级重点风景名胜区。游客在这里可以赤足爬山、滑沙、骑骆驼登沙丘，也可以滑板滑沙、跳牵引伞、滑翔伞，进行沙浴、沙疗，情趣盎然。

5篇介绍甘肃鸣沙山的导游词范文(三)

天地奇响，自然妙音——鸣沙山，位于甘肃敦煌市南郊七公里的鸣沙山北麓，面积约200平方公里。鸣沙山、沙峰起伏，处于腾格里沙漠边缘，与宁夏中卫县的沙坡头、内蒙古达拉特旗的响沙湾和新疆巴里坤哈萨克自治县境内的巴里坤镇同为我国四大鸣沙山之一。是“郭煌八景”之一，景名“沙岭晴鸣”。

所谓鸣沙，并非自鸣，而是因人沿沙面滑落而产生鸣响， 是自然现象中的一种奇观，有人将誉为“天地间的奇响，自然中美妙的乐章。”当你从山巅顺陡立的沙坡下滑，流沙如同一幅一幅锦缎张挂沙坡，若金色群龙飞腾，鸣声随之而起，初如丝竹管弦，继若钟磬和鸣，进而金鼓齐，轰鸣不绝于耳。自古以来，由于不明鸣沙的原因，产生过不少动人的传说。相传，这里原本水草丰茂，有位汉代将军率军西征，一夜遭敌军偷袭，正当两厮杀难解难分之际，大风骤起，刮起温天黄沙，把两军人马全都埋入沙中，从此就有了鸣沙山。至今犹在沙鸣 则是两将士的厮杀之声。

据《沙州图经》载：鸣沙山“流动无定，俄然深谷为陵，高岩为谷，峰危似削，孤烟如画，夕疑无地。”这段文字描述鸣沙山形状多变，其原因是流沙造成的。山体高达数十米，东西绵亘40多公里，南北纵横20公里，海拔1650米，宛如两条沙臂张伸围护着鸣沙山麓的月牙泉。到了现代，对此进行了科学的探究和推测，观点较多，主要有三说：

第一种为静电发声说。认为鸣沙山沙粒在人力或风力的推动下向下流泻，含有石英晶体的沙粒互相摩擦产生静电。静电放电即发出声响，响声汇集，声大如雷。

第二种为摩擦发声说。认为天气炎热时，沙粒特别干燥而且温度增高。稍有摩擦，即可发出爆烈声，众声汇合一起便轰轰隆隆而鸣。

第三种为共鸣放大说。沙山群峰之间形成了壑谷，是天然的共鸣箱。流抄下泻时发出的摩擦声或放电声引起共振，经过共鸣箱的共鸣作用，放大了音量，形成巨大的回响声。

5篇介绍甘肃鸣沙山的导游词范文(四)

在我国美丽辽阔的大西北，不仅仅有戈壁荒滩和那苍茫无边的孤烟沙场，而且还有许多如诗如画的风景名胜，如那颇具盛名的鸣沙山。远远望去，晴空万里，山体恍如一条横卧着的黄色巨龙，绵延柔软平滑似镜，山脊如刃峰若削，好一派罕见的流沙景观，让人叹为观止。

人要上山只有赤脚踏沙，人行沙中，顿感一种细软滑圆，踩入沙坑，表层蒸热里面凉爽又是另一番微妙。登沙山虽无惊险却很艰难，沙流软绵绵，进一步偏又下塌半步;踩着他人脚印好像省点力气，偶尔也小跑一阵往前冲刺。如此这般向上攀登，虽汗水淋漓，但也其乐无穷。

登上山峰，举目远视，天苍苍，沙茫茫，一览无遗，令人心旷神怡。远处层层叠叠的峰峦，挥洒出道道优美的曲线;近处沙浪萦回，看似澎湃汹涌却如波涛凝固。 “鸣沙”之说更给此山抹上一层神秘色彩。阳光下掬沙细撒，指缝间倏然流下，五彩俱全，晶莹闪亮，沙脊两边阴阳分割呈强烈反差。一边是黑乎乎清凉凉，一边呈金灿灿热腾腾。真是东边日出西边凉。

再俯瞰山下，沙山环抱的荒漠中，一形似月牙之泉透露着粼粼波光;泉边芦苇垂柳摇曳，湖中轻波涟漪荡漾。据说，自东汉以来便有此泉记载，千百年来，不为流沙淹没不因干旱枯竭，创造了沙泉共存的奇迹，无愧于天下沙漠第一泉之美称。面对着蓝天、沙海、碧泉，和谐恬谧相映成趣，人们无不赞叹着大自然鬼斧神工造化之神奇。

下山时，不妨滑沙而下，虽有几分惊险但也有几分刺激、几分好奇。只需坐上竹条板，顺坡而下，两手一伸似双翼展翅，沙浪滚滚如山洪奔腾，耳边风声阵阵好似沙鸣声声，恍然犹如全身腾空而起，惊心动魄一刹那，即已到得山脚下，真正是一种无法言喻的飞流直下之飘飘然感。

5篇介绍甘肃鸣沙山的导游词范文(五)

今年五一，妈妈带我坐火车去敦煌，既见到在外地出差的爸爸，又游遍了敦煌，这真令我高兴!

敦煌火车站到了，这里的天气格外晴朗，我下车见到了爸爸，我们找好宾馆后，就租车前往月牙泉，到了地方，咦!应该是一个泉，怎么不见泉呢?我问爸爸，爸爸告诉我：“月牙泉在鸣沙山的中央，我们先要经过鸣沙山。”我们骑上骆驼就进了沙漠，爬过一个小沙山后，远远看见一片绿洲。

在那片绿洲中，我找到了月牙泉，只见月牙泉在鸣沙山的环抱中，形状像一弯新月。月牙泉被鸣沙山环绕着，浅蓝的泉水像是她明亮的眼睛，清澈见底，水中的小鱼欢快地游来游去。在月牙泉旁还有好几棵高大的胡杨树。在月牙泉边，我和妈妈用湿润的沙子堆了一个蛋糕和一朵花，意思是让月牙泉像花一样美，像生日蛋糕一样漂亮。

回到了宾馆，我做了一个梦，梦见月牙泉变成了一位美丽的公主，拉着我的手飞向天空，她还说如果人们不爱护她，她就会从地球上消失，所以我做了一块宣传牌，上面写着：让我们大家节约用水，不要浪费水资源，保护我们的月牙泉。

我希望每个去敦煌的人都能多节约一滴水，让我们的月牙泉更加美。

Imagination of hutong in Beijing, is a quiet, clean, harmonious and peaceful. When I enter the hutong neighborhoods, sitting on the human tricycles, accompanied by the bell, shuttle less in the courtyard of neat feeling.

My trip to Beijing hutong from pipe smoke byway started the earliest Beijing hutongs, but no impression of shadow. In addition to the old, bumpy and full of mud green flag to prove its history, on both sides of the house is a bit cant see the years vicissitudes of life. House is trying to keep the style of of primitive simplicity, but seem very uncomfortable. Who lives with shops, mixed with underwear hanging on the street without cover, buzzing flies unbridled ground playing the rubbish in the corner.

Through the pipe of diagonal into hutong neighborhoods, slowly to find a little feeling. The afternoon sun on a few sparse poplar tree in the alley, and from leaking in leaf gap between, on the ground to form the dappled light and shadow, birds and cicadas seems to break the silence, silence silent. Away from the downtown of hutong, a peaceful, as if every other city. Without a map, only know that all the hutongs out "through", also no matter so much, go blind. And so, hutong tour pleasantly surprised unceasingly, full of fun. , for example, two turn son, encountered the drum tower, and walk, a while after the sultry swaying willow Yin was the palace, is the big corrupt official and arsenic home garden. And the 13 middle school in Beijing, is the tao baylor ye palace. Hey! In one hundred old buildings learning modern scientific and cultural knowledge, probably see a new world. The school, will be a combination of classical and modern perfectly. Turn seven took, hit the mei lanfangs former residence. This is a standard siheyuan, is rich to live within the range of a spacious house. The siheyun of now see on television, share, is also home to a few few single-family house. a

Walking in the alley, see the houses are painted on both sides of the road, the green paint, green paint falls off in some places, revealing the mottled walls. Buy a pile of hutong postcards all the ruins, the roof long weeds, parked at the gate of broken bicycle; Vendors carry a burden, shaved teacher carrying carrying pole with its load, a knife of pushing the car, Shouting a lane. Hutong in summer is cool, winter? The wind through the alleys, snow, blocking the road to sell carbon labored to pull tricycle difficult along...

Yes, Beijings hutong is ailing. A history of coagulation, in one hundred the capital of the humanities, thus being a little eating into high-rise buildings. Many people always called for, Shouting: "put some hutongs left to future generations," the idea is good, but for those three generations the petty townsfolk and ordinary people, old and young in a room, in order to keep hutongs and crowded in a small room, it is not fair. Now hutongs, some really has been broken, and only those who deliberately protection of cultural relics are beautiful, the other only in front of the fuzzy stone, lost the edges of the board and the towering old trees recording the hutongs prosperous. And all this, it is necessary to be replaced by a modern things, because things are growing.

My hutong tour will be at the end, I walked into a halal Beijing snack bar, choose the opening on the seat, smelling the aroma of Fried cake, steamed stuffed bun, through the be born glass looked at the street. The lights on, hutong courtyard raised smoke, children playing by his mother calling home for dinner. And I look around the store, the edge of the square table is diners. From the human face, I cant see the tall building is yearning, also can not read and attachment to the hutong, perhaps in hutong life has become a historical inertia, or perhaps, they change from the bottom of my heart quietly looking forward to...

欢迎大家来到这里，下面我来为大家介绍一下!

共鸣的震撼。峡谷内上虎跳一带的气候与下虎跳的气候有明显的差别。上虎跳一喧降水量853.4毫米，比较湿润，下虎跳则为586.4毫米，较为干燥。虎跳峡雨季在5-11月，最大隆雨量集中在7-8月间。峡谷盛行西南风，2-4月为最强。

从峡口下行两公里，两岸险峰耸天，江面奇窄，一?巨石兀立江心。相传猛虎曾凭此石一跃过峡，因而取名虎跳峡。

本世纪30年代，著名地理学家美国人洛克曾三游虎跳峡，流连忘返，直到租用飞机拍下虎跳峡全景而后罢。1986年9月10日中国洛阳长江漂流探险队用无动力漂浮工具首次漂流虎跳峡全程成功，队员孙志岭和四川省《青年世界》杂志记者万明为这次漂流探险献出了生命之壮举，更为该峡增添了几分豪气。

过上虎跳沿江向北，经永胜村便到中虎跳，“满天星”礁石区是这里最险的地方，这里离上虎跳约5公里，江面落差甚大。百米峡谷中，礁石林立，犬牙交错，水流湍急，惊涛拍岸，卷起无数雪浪苍烟。两岸的悬岩怪石间，生长着阔叶灌木丛，枝繁叶茂，郁郁葱葱，使惊险中又生幽趣。

从中虎跳过险境“滑石板”，即到下旧金山跳。这里地势宽阔，近可看峡，远可观山，驻足于此，回眺玉龙、哈巴，只见山势险峻，峰顶云雾缥渺，时隐时现;俯视下虎跳则急流奔涌，江水喧腾如雷鸣。

下虎跳有纵深1公里的巨大深壑，这里接近虎跳峡的出口外，是欣赏虎跳峡最好的地方。

伫立虎跳峡边，震耳欲聋的咆哮，那吞天吐地的气度，完全成了一种雄性威力的宣泄。众多潜伏江底的虎跳石，阻拦激流涌泻的巨流，喷溅一道一道如翻江倒海般的巨浪，形成白浪冲天的雄奇景观。

作为世界上最深的峡谷，不测的峡谷包潜着神奇和奥秘的景观。1996年9月，洛阳长江漂流队首漂虎跳峡成功，虎跳峡不再是包藏杀机、不可征服的激流险滩。1996年10月28日虎跳峡轰然一声巨响，峡内出现“高峡出平湖”新景观。过去只可远观的神秘虎跳峡，如今已露出了它的真面目，更是增添了对游客引跳心脉的魅力。

虎跳峡所在的虎跳峡镇是滇藏公路的枢纽。这里旅馆林立，交通方便，上可到中甸，下则达丽江、下关、昆明等地。游客可从不同的方向到达虎跳峡观赏。

苍山，是云岭山脉南端的主峰，由十九座山峰由北而南组成，北起洱源邓川，南至下关天生桥。

苍山十九峰，巍峨雄壮，与秀丽的洱海风光形成强烈对照，其峰自北而南依次为：云弄、沧浪、五台、莲花、白云、鹤云、三阳、兰峰、雪人、应乐、观音、中和、龙泉、玉局、马龙、圣应、佛顶、马耳、斜阳。

这些山峰，海拔一般均在3500米以上，有七座山峰海拔高达4000米以上，最高的马龙峰海拔4122米。

苍山十九峰，每两峰之间都有一条溪水奔泻而下，流入洱海，这就是著名的十八溪，溪序为：霞移、万花、阳溪、茫涌、锦溪、灵泉、白石、双鸳、隐仙、梅溪、桃溪、中溪、绿玉、龙溪、清碧、莫残、葶溟、阳南。

雄伟壮丽的苍山横亘大理境内，山顶白雪皑皑，银妆素裹，人称“苍山雪”。

苍山十九峰，每峰海拔都在3500米以上，最高的马龙峰达4122米，由于海拔较高，在峰顶异常严寒，终年白雪皑皑，在阳光下晶莹洁白，蔚为壮观。

经夏不消的苍山雪，是素负盛名的“风花雪月”之最。传说有一年苍山脚下瘟疫流行，有两兄妹用学到的法术把瘟神赶到山顶上，埋在在雪里冻死了。

为了使瘟神不得复生，妹妹变成了雪人峰的雪神，永镇苍山。大理山河壮丽离不开苍山积雪的景观。

古今文人为其留下的诗文佳作：明代杨升庵说它“巅积雪，山腰白云，天巧神工，各显其技” 元代黄华老人的诗碑中写它“桂镜台挂玉龙，半山飞雪 天风” 明朝，送无极和尚回大理的翰林学士张来仪又形容它“阴岩犹覆太古雪，白石一化三千秋” 苍山雪景的宏博壮丽，堪与阿尔卑斯山媲美。

各位团友大家好!很荣幸今天由我陪伴各位参观历史文化名城遵义的标志性人文景观——遵义会议会址。提到贵州提到遵义，或许您并不了解。但是若提到遵义会议，想必你也会略知一二吧!

遵义会议会址位于遵义市红花岗区子尹路96号，是全国重点文物保护单位，全国红色旅游经典景区，国家4A级旅游景区。1935年1月15日至17日就在这里召开了著名的遵义会议。

各位团友，现在我们来到了遵义会议会址的大门。各位团友请抬头看，那苍劲有力的“遵义会议会址”六个金光闪闪的大字便是毛主席为全国革命纪念地题字的唯一一处。

遵义会议会址主楼坐北朝南，是一幢砖木结构的中西合璧的两层建筑。上盖灰瓦，歇山式屋顶，整个建筑分为主楼和跨院两部分。主楼楼房四周有回廊，楼房的檐下柱间有十个卷拱支撑，保留了我国古建筑“彻上明造”的结构风格。

现在，我们来到了著名的遵义会议的会议室，这原本为房主的小客厅。会议室呈长方形，面积27平方米。室内陈设基本上是当年开会的原貌。洋员灯、挂钟、壁柜、椅子以及火盆都以原有的风貌与各位见面。会场景点虽简陋狭小，然而正是在这里取消了博古、李德等人的军事指挥权，确立了毛主席、周恩来的军事领导地位，决定了党和红军的命运。

现在我们来到的是周恩来的办公室兼居住室，它位于主楼西头第一间，室内按原状陈列老式木架，粗布垫单、薄棉被、铜墨盒、马灯、笔筒的物件。壁上持枪、望远镜和竹斗笠以及周恩来长征到陕北后的留影。从这些物件中，我们可以想象周恩来在战争岁月中呕心沥血的生涯，令人肃然起敬。朱德、康克、刘伯承及参谋员的住所都和周恩来的一个样，除了生活上和工作上的物品以外就什么也没有了。我们不难想象到他们在那艰苦曲折的革命道路上英姿飒爽的风姿以及随时为革命牺牲的精神!

遵义会议陈列馆为遵义20世纪30年代民居特色的二层建筑。陈列馆由序厅和“战略转移”、“遵义会议”、“四渡赤水”、“胜利会师”、“永放光芒”五部分组成，内容以红军长征为主线，以有关热舞和事件为板块，以遵义会议和四渡赤水为重点，点线面有机串联起来。同时反映红军在遵义的活动和整个红军长征的概貌。陈列内容有红军长征，进军贵州;遵义会议;四渡赤水之战三部分。展览线长160米，展出革命文物，历史照片、图表资料236件。

遵义会议集中解决了当时具有决定意义的军事和组织问题，肯定了毛主席的军事战略主张，确立了毛主席在党和红军中的领队地位。会议在极其危急的情况下挽救了党，挽救了红军，挽救了中国革命。是中国共产党历史上一个生死攸关的转折点，中国革命从此打开了新的局面。

各位团友大家好!很荣幸今天由我陪伴各位参观历史文化名城遵义的标志性人文景观——遵义会议会址。提到贵州提到遵义，或许您并不了解。但是若提到遵义会议，想必你也会略知一二吧!

遵义会议会址位于遵义市红花岗区子尹路96号，是全国重点文物保护单位，全国红色旅游经典景区，国家4A级旅游景区。1935年1月15日至17日就在这里召开了著名的遵义会议。遵义会议是中国共产党历史上的一次重要会议，会议结束了王明“左”倾冒险主义在党中央的领导，确定了以毛主席为核心的新的领导集体，确立了毛主席在党中央的领导地位。在党生死攸关的危急关头挽救了党，挽救了红军，挽救了中国革命。是中国共产党历史上一个生死攸关的转折点，是中国共产党走向成熟的标志。

各位团友，现在我们来到了遵义会议会址的大门。各位团友请抬头看，那苍劲有力的“遵义会议会址”六个金光闪闪的大字便是毛主席为全国革命纪念地题字的唯一一处。

遵义会议会址主楼坐北朝南，是一幢砖木结构的中西合璧的两层建筑。上盖灰瓦，歇山式屋顶，整个建筑分为主楼和跨院两部分。主楼楼房四周有回廊，楼房的檐下柱间有十个卷拱支撑，保留了我国古建筑“彻上明造”的结构风格。

现在，我们来到了著名的遵义会议的会议室，这原本为房主的小客厅。会议室呈长方形，面积27平方米。室内陈设基本上是当年开会的原貌。洋员灯、挂钟、壁柜、椅子以及火盆都以原有的风貌与各位见面。会场景点虽简陋狭小，然而正是在这里取消了博古、李德等人的军事指挥权，确立了毛主席、周恩来的军事领导地位，决定了党和红军的命运。

现在我们来到的是周恩来的办公室兼居住室，它位于主楼西头第一间，室内按原状陈列老式木架，粗布垫单、薄棉被、铜墨盒、马灯、笔筒的物件。壁上持枪、望远镜和竹斗笠以及周恩来长征到陕北后的留影。从这些物件中，我们可以想象周恩来在战争岁月中呕心沥血的生涯，令人肃然起敬。朱德、康克、刘伯承及参谋员的住所都和周恩来的一个样，除了生活上和工作上的物品以外就什么也没有了。我们不难想象到他们在那艰苦曲折的革命道路上英姿飒爽的风姿以及随时为革命牺牲的精神!

遵义会议陈列馆为遵义20世纪30年代民居特色的二层建筑。陈列馆由序厅和“战略转移”、“遵义会议”、“四渡赤水”、“胜利会师”、“永放光芒”五部分组成，内容以红军长征为主线，以有关热舞和事件为板块，以遵义会议和四渡赤水为重点，点线面有机串联起来。同时反映红军在遵义的活动和整个红军长征的概貌。陈列内容有红军长征，进军贵州;遵义会议;四渡赤水之战三部分。展览线长160米，展出革命文物，历史照片、图表资料236件。

遵义会议集中解决了当时具有决定意义的军事和组织问题，肯定了毛主席的军事战略主张，确立了毛主席在党和红军中的领队地位。会议在极其危急的情况下挽救了党，挽救了红军，挽救了中国革命。是中国共产党历史上一个生死攸关的转折点，中国革命从此打开了新的局面。

天安门英文导游辞

Tian’anmen Rostrum

Tian’anmen( the Gate of Heavenly Peace), is located in the center of Beijing. It was first built in 1417 and named Chengtianmen( the Gate of Heavenly Succession). At the end of the Ming Dynasty, it was seriously damaged by war. When it was rebuilt under the Qing in 1651, it was renamed Tian’anmen, and served as the main entrance to the Imperial City, the administrative and residential quarters for court officials and retainers. The southern sections of the Imperial City wall still stand on both sides of the Gate. The tower at the top of the gate is nine-room wide and five –room deep. According to the Book of Changes, the two numbers nine and five, when combined, symbolize the supreme status of a sovereign.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Tian’anmen was the place where state ceremonies took place. The most important one of them was the issuing of imperial edicts, which followed these steps:

1) The Minister of Rites would receive the edict in Taihedian( Hall of Supreme Harmony), where the Emperor was holding his court. The minister would then carry the decree on a yunpan( tray of cloud), and withdraw from the hall via Taihemen( Gate of supreme Harmony)

2) The Minister would put the tray in a miniature longting( dragon pavilion). Beneath a yellow umbrella and carry it via Wumen( Meridian Gate), to Tian’anmen Gate tower.

3) A courtier would be invested to proclaim the edict. The civil and military officials lining both sides of the gateway beneath the tower would prostrate themselves in the direction of the emperor in waiting for the decree to the proclaimed.

4) The courtier would then put the edict in a phoenix-shaped wooden box and lower it from the tower by means of a silk cord. The document would finally be carried in a similar tray of cloud under a yellow umbrella to the Ministry of Rites.

5) The edict, copied on yellow paper, would be made known to the whole country.

Such a process was historically recorded as “ Imperial Edict Issued by Golden Phoenix”.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties Tian’anmen was the most important passage. It was this gate that the Emperor and his retinue would go through on their way to the altars for ritual and religious activities.

On the Westside of Tian’anmen stands ZhongshanPark( Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s Park), and on the east side, the Working People’s Cultural Palave. The Park was formerly called Shejitan( Altar of Land and Grain), built in 1420 for offering sacrificial items to the God of Land. It was opened to the public as a park in 1914 and its name was changed in 1928 to the present one in memory of the great pioneer of the Chinese Democratic Revolution.

The Working People’s Cultural Palace used to be Taimiao( the Supreme Ancestral Temple), where tablets of the deceased dynastic rulers were kept.

The stream in front of Tian’anmen is called Waijinshuihe( Outer Golden River),with seven marble bridges spanning over it . Of these seven bridges,historical records say the middle one was for the exclusive use of the emperor and was accordingly called Yuluqiao( Imperial Bridge). The bridges flanking it on either side were meant for the members of the royal family and were therefore called Wanggongqiao( Royal’s Bridges). Farther away on each side of the two were bridges for officials ranking above the third order and were named Pinjiqiao( ministerial Bridges). The remaining two bridges were for the use by the retinue below the third order and wre called Gongshengqiao( common Bridges). They anr the one in front of the Supreme Ancestral Temple to the east and the one in front of the Altar of land and Grain to the west.

The two stone lions by the Gate of Tian’anmen, one on each side were meant as sentries. They gaze toward the middle axis, guarding the emperor’s walkway. In front of the gate stands a pair of marble columns called Huabiao. They are elaborately cut in bas-relief following the pattern of a legendary dragon. Behind the gate stands another pair of similar columns. The story of Huabiao may be traced to a couple of sources. One of the versions accredits its invention to one of the Chinese sage kings named Yao, who was said to have set up a wooden pillar in order to allow the ordinary people to expose evil-doers, hence it was originally called a slander pillar. Later it ws reduced to a signpost, and now it serves as an ornament.

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亲爱的朋友们，大家好!欢迎各位来的绵山。绵山，亦名绵上，因春秋时期割股奉君的介子推而闻名天下。绵山地处汾河之阴，在介休市南20公里处，山势陡峭，苍松翠柏，自然景色非常优美，竖家5A 级景区，中国历史文化名山。

我们现已到达绵山的第一个重要景区——龙头寺。龙头寺是绵山入口处的咽喉，地势十分险要，从这里向南可直插绵山腹地。龙头寺原名塔岩头, 因岩下黄土坡原有空王塔院而得名，后因唐太宗李世民来绵山朝山谢雨, 见双龙显灵而改现名。寺分为上下两层，上为龙头寺，下为关帝庙，共有二十多处景点。从龙头寺远眺，只见两山对峙，怪石磷峋，风景绝佳。

游完龙头寺，现在我们来到的是第二个景点———介公岭。说起介公岭，还有一段故事呢。春秋时期，晋文公重耳流亡时饥饿难忍，介子推割股奉君。后来，重耳做了国君，介子推不求名利，隐居绵山，

首先映入眼帘的是一座帖金彩绘，翠顶株楹的仿清牌楼，高大雄伟，上面的彩画叫做旋子彩画，上书“津门故里”四字，它肯定地指出了古文化街附近一带是820__年前的一处聚落，当时统治北方的金人在这里建立天津城市最在的监置——直沽寨。今日的天津就是以这一带为原始中心区域，逐渐开发拓展形成的，六、七百年间始终是天津城市商业繁华地段，对天津地区的开发起过难以估量的作用，称作津门故里是当之无愧的。

好，请大家随我一同走进这条街吧，大家注意到没有这条街的许多店铺门面檐下、枋间都有一幅幅彩画，这些都是开光清式苏画，大多是人物故事。我们来看一下集珍阁下枋间的彩画，上面画的是《三国演义》中的8幅画，有“桃园三结义”、“虎牢关三英战吕布”、“凤仪亭吕布戏貂婵”、“当阳拒曹”等，从西蜀角度着重刻画了刘备、关羽、张飞三人的忠义英勇的故事。我们在看对面梨园阁枋间，上面画的是古典戏曲名著《西湘记》，描写的是崔莺莺与张君瑞的恋爱故事。

好，我们往前走，边走边看，每间店铺上都有彩画，每幅彩画都有一个故事。好了，现在我们已经来到了宫前广场。著名的天后宫就坐落在这里了，在进入天后宫之前，我们先来看看对面的戏楼，这座戏楼是天津最早的露天舞台，也是天津最早的群众自娱自乐场所。戏楼是木结构楼台式建筑，坐东朝西，东通海河，西向宫前广场，上面是戏台，下面是通道，还可以过马车。原先的戏楼距离天后宫只有5米，周围都是低矮的平房，显得拥挤杂乱，__时戏楼被拆毁，我们现在看到的戏楼是1985年时重建的，高12米，宽10米，进深11.5米，抱柱贴金楹联上写：“望海阔天空千帆迎晓日，喜风清云淡百戏祝丰年”。在过去，戏楼是酬神演出的主要场所，没年农历3月23日天后娘娘华诞这一天，酬神演出就达到了高潮，后来日本侵略军占领天津后，戏楼终止了酬神演出活动。

好，现在我们转过身来看看，天后宫山门前有两棵高大旗杆，直插云宵，格外引人注目，这就是幡杆，高26米，幡杆由若干根铜糙木和铁糙木接成，外层缠麻抹灰，再涂上油漆，经冬历夏，坚固结实。据说幡杆初立时，一方面挂灯，为往来三岔河口的漕船导航，另一方面则作为天后宫的陪衬物，使整个建筑群显得错落有致，气势不凡。后来便为农历每月初一、十五进香及庙会期间专门悬挂天后封号长幡使用。

请大家继续往前走，现在我们看到的就是天后宫的主体建筑了。天津地方民间素称天后为“娘娘”，所以天后宫又被称作娘娘宫。它始建于元代，以后各朝各代均多次重修加固。大家知道我国寺庙大多坐北朝南，可是，天后宫却是坐东朝西的，这是为什么呢?因为津门三岔河是漕运中的必经之地，既是河运的起点，又是海运的终点，成为河海联运的中转站。当时航海技术不发达，漕船经常葬身鱼腹，为满足船民、商贾及政府官员在漕运中所需要的精神寄托，祈求海神天后对航行的庇佑，就在海河西岸建起了天后宫，庙门朝东，直面海河，南来北往的船只，都抛锚停泊，进庙烧香。有些船只因没时间或某种原因无法靠岸，船民、商贾也可以在船上朝拜天后，祈求平安。这样，既满足了登岸信徒的民俗崇拜要求，也顺应了当时繁忙的航运需求，满足了无法登岸信徒的民俗崇拜要求。

我们现在看到的是山门，为砖木混合结构，九脊歇山青瓦顶，有三门，中间为圆形拱门，取意古代说法“天是圆的”，两旁为长方形便门。门额上刻有“敕见天后宫”四字，中间拱门内有“护佑三津”的匾额。天后宫初建时并无此山门，这坐山门是乾隆20__年增建的。

大家随我进去，迎面为木结构的两柱一楼式的牌楼，左右两边分别是鼓楼和钟楼。走过牌楼，展现在我们面前的是前殿，殿内中间供奉的是护法神王灵官，两侧为“千里眼”、“顺风耳”和“加恶”、“加善”。

我们现在穿过前殿，来到了正殿，这里是供奉天娘娘的地方。坐在正中的就是天后了，我们前面说过天后娘娘可以保佑过往船只的安全，那么天后到底是什么神呢?既然称天后，必是女神无疑了，她不是玉帝、西王母那些空想编造出来的神位，而是依据实有的人和某些传说夸张附会而成的。

史书上说她姓林，宋代福建莆田湄洲岛人。因为出生后一段时间内不会哭，故起名林默。她她生长在海岛，习于水性。相传她自幼聪慧，15岁便精通医理为人治病，决心终生行善济人，同时她又熟悉水性，常渡海救助海上遇险的渔民，最终不幸被台风夺去了年轻的生命，死时年方27。又相传，在其死后显灵救助难民的事情时有发生，于是海上的富商纷纷拿钱修建妈祖庙，祈求渡海平安。当然这也都是些传说。不过，在宋代，我国的航海事业虽有较大发展，但在当时造船和航海技术的条件下，海上安全是无法保障的广大的航海人员幻想有一种超人力量来保佑他们平安地飘洋过海。林默的一些动人传说，自然很容易被选中作为超人力量的偶像。关于天后的传说起初只流传于浙、闽一带，后逐渐被官府承认，宋朝时先后被封为“灵惠夫人”、“灵惠妃”元朝时被封为“天妃”，到清朝时候才被封为“天后”可见封号逐步加升。

穿过正殿，我们来到了藏经阁，藏经阁旧称后楼，是砖木结构的二层楼阁，建于明朝，后经多次修整。

穿过藏经阁，现在我们看到的是启圣祠，也就是后殿，原为祭祀天后的父母的地方，后来作为存放皇会期间天后娘娘出巡的木雕轻像的地方。在天后宫内两侧的厢房是天津民俗博物馆，里面介绍了天津城、天后宫及皇会的兴起变迁。从侧面见证了“先有天后宫，后有天津城”这一说法。同时还陈列着明代天津城砖，清代漕运模型人，婚俗展览等。

北山公园始建于1920_年，是吉林市重要的胜地，地处市中心。山下有湖三泓，山上有建于清朝年间的古寺庙群，佛、道、儒三教杂糅相处，独具特色。公园内建有诸多的亭、桥、廊、榭，点缀于林木葱郁、景象幽深的山间。昔日“吉林八景”中，北山以“北山双塔”、“药寺晚钟”、“德碑夕照”而著称。

吉林北山几百年来，已成为人们踏春、消夏、赏荷、观雪的旅游胜地。更是远近香客朝山进香，拜庙祈神的福地。游北山可在湖上荡桨乘舟;可在亭中小憩品茗;可在祖师庙里拜谒祖师;可在药王庙里拜药王。每年四月十八的娘娘庙会和四月二十八的药王庙会，游人香客云集，马戏、杂技、歌舞、秧歌等各种表演，土特产品、风味小吃，琳琅满目，盛况冠绝东北。自清朝年间便有“千山庙会甲东北，吉林庙会胜千山”之誉。

各位团友：

大家好!我们今天游览的第一站是栈桥。栈桥是青岛的象征，是青岛人的骄傲。它位于青岛湾，目前全长440米，宽8米， 与市区繁华的中山路成一条直线，由海岸前伸入海。远处看，它像一条彩虹横卧在大海之上，尽头的“回澜阁”如同飘浮在大海之颠，因此有“长虹远引”、“飞阁回澜”之美称。

30年代栈桥曾被誉为青岛十景之首、青岛市乡二十四景之一，不少文人墨客为之留下诗赋和赞誉，国内外的重要宾客、要员、知名人士在青岛观光时，都要登临栈桥，欣赏海滨风光。驰名中外的青岛啤酒商标便是以栈桥为图案设计而成的。

20xx年包括栈桥在内的海滨风景区，被国家旅游局评为首批AAAA级风景区。

为什么叫栈桥?关于栈桥的定义，汉语字典中的解释是：“凡是伸到海里的简易码头都称为栈桥。”那它为什么又会成为青岛的标志呢?原来青岛在100多年前是一个小渔村，1891年清政府下诏书在青岛建置。1892年清政府派登州总兵章高元带四营官兵驻扎青岛，为便于部队军需物资的运输， 建了两座码头，一座就是现今的栈桥。该码头原称谓很多，有海军栈桥、前海栈桥、 南海栈桥、李鸿章栈桥、大码头等，长200米，宽10米。另一座位于总兵衙门前方的“衙门桥”长100米，宽6米，亦称“蜗牛桥”。这两座码头都是中国工程师自己设计的， 也是青岛港最早的码头建设。1897年，德军以演习为名，从青岛湾登陆，武力占领青岛，栈桥成为德军侵占青岛的见证。德帝国主义侵占青岛后，

将原桥北端改为石基，水泥铺面，南端下立，钢制桥架上面铺有木板，并设轻便铁轨，南端仍是铁木桥，桥身延长到350米，仍为军用码头。 1920xx年大港第一码头建成后，栈桥逐渐失去它作为码头的历史使命，开始向游人开放。1920xx年青岛被中国收回，1931年国民政府出巨资由德国信利洋行承包重建，桥身加长到440米，桥南端增建了半圆型的防浪堤， 并在防浪堤上修建了具有民族形式的二层八角凉亭，亭子由彩色琉璃瓦覆盖，24根红漆柱子支撑，取名“回澜阁”。阁心有螺旋形楼梯，楼上一周为玻璃窗，有“一窗一景，一景一画”之说。整个工程至1933年4月竣工。 栈桥从此成为青岛第一景。建国后，人民政府多次拨款对栈桥进行维修， 1985年青岛市又对栈桥进行了大规模的全面整修，两侧围以铁索护栏，12对欧式桥灯相峙而立，外铺砌花岗岩石台阶。1998年底至1999年6月市政府再次拨款对栈桥进行了大规模整修，此次维修既达到防风浪、防腐蚀要求，保持原有的风韵，又与两侧护岸设施相匹配，增加了美观效果，使整个桥体焕发了青春。

栈桥是青岛历史的见证，有着一百多年的历史。她身上即刻录了青岛的屈辱岁月，也记录了解放后青岛市的建设与发展。

各位团友，我们现在站在栈桥桥头，沿着这条通往海中的路往前走，如同置身于大海之中，能充分感受到海的气息，体验到海的宽广伟大。碧波拍打着桥面，白云在头上飘过，海鸥在天空中飞翔，游船在海中穿梭，大家在行进中可以看到岸边的红瓦、绿树如同一幅美丽的画卷逐渐展现在我们面前。我们可以充分领略到康有为先生所描写的：“碧海蓝天，红瓦绿树”。前面我们看到的这个沙滩是栈桥海水浴场，它是市区浴场中最小的一个，它与繁华的中山路相邻而且周围环境十分优美，有很多人到此游泳。

海关大楼前面那座造型奇特的建筑是海上皇宫，海上皇宫是一座集游览、娱乐、演出、餐饮于一体的旅游场所，投资一亿多人民币，整座建筑是由几个四分之一的圆体组成的，共6层，地下一层，地上5层，整体用108根柱子支撑，建筑面积1.1万平方米，它以一流的环境，五星级的服务，被列为青岛餐饮特一级店。

各位团友，现在我们来到了回澜阁，我们可以在阁楼凭窗眺望，全方位地看到美丽的青岛湾和周围的各个景点和著名建筑。个别景点，我们等一会还将去参观游览，现在我简要地给大家介绍一下：

回澜阁对面那座小岛是小青岛，小青岛上因为植被茂盛，郁郁葱葱，看上去一片翠绿因此得名“青岛”。青岛建市后，便以它命名，这个岛便改名“小青岛”了。

在小青岛南面还有一座岛，那就是“薛家岛”。薛家岛原来是一个荒僻的小岛，在明朝初年，岛上渔村里有一姓薛的人家出了一员大将叫薛禄，从此逐渐发展成为规模较大的渔村，改名为薛家村，此后小岛又改名为薛家岛。它的面积为27平方公里，海岸线长达38公里，并有青岛最长的一个沙滩-“金沙滩”。

大家看到与小青岛仅一水之隔停泊着许多军舰的是中国海军博物馆，她是我国目前规模最大的一处反映中国人民海军面貌的综合性博物馆。博物馆临海处原是海军驻青部队小型航舰的停泊之处，陆地为海军部队驻地。1989年在此筹建海军博物馆。海军各有关部门提供了大量的珍贵文物，该馆文物处还在全国进行了广泛的征集，经过两年的紧张筹建，在1991年正式开展，现每年接待游客达几十万人之多。新的海军博物馆正在原址规划建设，再过几年这里将建成世界一流的代表中国海军现代风貌和水平的新的中国海军博物馆。

接下来请大家看一下北面那两座高高耸立的塔楼，那就是天主教堂。天主教堂于1932年动工，1934年竣工，高56米，上面的两个十字架分别为4.5米，是青岛地区最大的哥特式建筑，它也是对外开放的一个宗教景点。

与栈桥北端相接的是青岛最繁华的商业街“中山路”。德国占领青岛后于1899年为了在后海修建深水码头，于是开辟了一条南北连接的道路，这便是中山路的雏形。德占领青岛时期，德县路以南是德国人居住区，命名为“斐迭里街”，德县路以北是中国人居住区，称为大马路，1920xx年，两条路合并在一起，命名为山东路，1920xx年，为纪念孙中山先生，又改名为中山路。中山路全长1300多米，63座建筑，160多家商场，同时它还是国家确定的全国100个文明示范点之一。

在栈桥的东侧，是泛海名人大酒店，原是德国青岛大饭店附属的旅馆部，由德国建筑师保尔·弗里德里希设计，为典型德国古典式建筑。而原德国大饭店的主要建筑于1993年拆毁，在原址上盖起了泛海名人大酒店。

德国占领青岛期间，德国皇帝威廉二世的弟弟亨利亲王多次来过青岛，并曾下榻于这座饭店，因而当时俗称“亨利亲王大饭店”或“亨利王子饭店”。当时的德国墨克连堡亲王、清朝邮部大臣盛宣怀也曾在此住过。1920xx年辛亥革命爆发，清王朝覆灭，孙中山先生于1920xx年1月出任临时大总统。3个月后让位于袁世凯。同年8月，孙中山到北京与袁世凯会晤后，转道青岛返回上海。9月28日，孙中山抵达德国统治下的青岛，曾下榻于此饭店。

The Mountain Summer Resort

Topic: define the Mountain Summer Resort as “garden bright pearl, scienceopen-air museum”.

Part one: how this garden is special.

_Question:(Outside the resort, to sitimulate the tourist’s interests)

Our garden experts said that, the Summer Vacation Mountain Village is theminiature of our beautiful motherland. Why can the experts say like this?

_Introduction:

Chengde Summer Resort is in the northern part of Chengde city, Heibeiprovince. Chengde Imperial Palace also known as the Rehe Place, where Qingemperors spent their summer days and work in, so it was not an imperial summerpalace in its usual meaning, but became a important centre next to Beijing.

_Knowledge about the layout:

There are two parts of the resort——the palaces and a scenic area.

The palaces were for emperors to handled political affairs and lived in.The scenic area includes lakes, hills and grassland. There are eight artificiallakes. Emperor kangXi commented the resort as “having the mountains as the boneand water as the heart ”. Emperor QianLong’s remark, “Though it is named asmountain resort, its beauty is in water” highlighted the feature of the resort.Because KangXi and QianLong have toured in south China many times andappreciated a lot of beauties there, so that beauties were like been moved bythe emperors into the resort. So this garden has the north and south style in abody.

_Answer of the question:

The natural mountains and rivers built it was copied the landscape fromsouthern Jiangsu and outside Shanhaiguan, there has forests, lakes, grasslandand mountains; almost include all kinds of the landscapes of China.

Outside the palaces is the eight outer temples, this temples surroundingthe palaces like the star surrounding the Moon, symbolized the national variousnationalities closely around the Qing Dynasty’s rule center.

Part two: Great values of the resort.

In our country history:

The Mountain Summer Resort has witnessed the Qing Dynasty’s consolidationand development. Said from its rich history connotation, it is really a nationaland religious history museum.

_Question:Why Mountain Summer Resort is considered as “intangible GreatWall”?

When the Qing government made Beijing its capital, it paid attention to therelationship with the national minorities in Mongolia, Xinjiang and Tibet, andkeep a marriage relation with them. It can be seen like this way: the templesaround the Mountain Summer Resort were the outcome of the policy of nationalsolidarity and consolidation of the multi-national country.

We know the Ming Dynasty has built Great Wall, but the policy of buildingthe Mountain Summer Resort is more effectual .

From the cultural value:

In the resort, Han Nationality culture and some national minority cultures,both display respective characteristics and absorb from each other. Now Chengdealready towards to the world, the culture is not belongs to china also theuniverse.

昆明地处云贵高原中部，位于东经102度10分至103度40分，北纬24度23分至26度22分，东西最大横距140千米，南北最大纵距220千米，城区距首都北京2100千米(航空线)，南达中越边境515千米，西抵中缅边境876千米，西南至中老边境906千米。 昆明地理位置属北纬亚热带，然而境内大多数地区夏无酷暑，冬无严寒，具有典型的温带气候特点，素以“春城”而享誉中外。 景观：西依西山之畔，是游览观光的理想之地。昆明周围，东有二碑，千佛塔，阿庐古洞，彩色沙林，南有抚仙湖，星云湖，九龙池，通海秀山;西有安宁温泉，禄丰古生物化石遗址;北有武定狮子山，禄劝彝文摩岩石刻。可为景点多矣，其中滇池和路南石林均为国家重点风景名胜区。

【行政区划】

昆明市下辖6区、4县、3自治县、1市：【主城区：盘龙区、五华区、西山区、官渡区、呈贡区、】、【副城区：富民县、嵩明县、宜良县、安宁市、晋宁县】、【远郊区县：东川区、寻甸县、石林县、禄劝县】。(数据：20xx年)

①主城区

五华区，总面积397.86k㎡，总人口855521人，下辖10个街道办事处。区人民政府驻华山街道。

盘龙区，总面积345.83k㎡，总人口809881人，下辖10个街道办事处，2个镇。区人民政府驻拓东街道。

官渡区，总面积634.96k㎡，总人口853371人，下辖10个街道办事处。区人民政府驻关上街道办事处。

西山区，总面积791.14k㎡，总人口753813人，下辖10个街道办事处。区人民政府驻西苑街道。

呈贡区，总面积461.00k㎡，总人口310813人，下辖10个街道办事处。区人民政府驻龙城街道。

以上五个市辖区为昆明市的主城区，即市内五区。

以下是四个行政辖区范围：

五华区辖北门、虹山、西站、华山、武成、西坝、大观、崇仁、莲华、新村、长春、小南、南强、黑林铺14个街道办事处和厂口乡、沙朗白族乡。

盘龙区辖环城、珠玑、东华、董家湾、拓东、联盟、茨坝、龙泉8个街道办事处和小河、双龙、双哨3个乡。

官渡区辖关上、金马、东站、太和4个街道办事处，大板桥、小板桥、官渡3个镇，小哨、矣六、六甲3个乡和阿拉彝族乡。

西山区辖棕树营、马街、金碧、土桥、永昌、福海、前卫7个街道办事处，碧鸡、海口2个镇，团结彝族白族乡、谷律彝族白族乡。

②副城区

富民县，总面积993k㎡，总人口145554人。下辖1个街道办事处，5个镇，县人民政府驻永定街道。

嵩明县，总面积1357.29k㎡，总人口287095人。下辖1个街道办事处，3个镇，县人民政府驻嵩阳街道。

宜良县，总面积1873k㎡，总人口419400人。下辖2个街道办事处，3个镇，2个乡，县人民政府驻匡远街道。

安宁市，总面积1313k㎡，总人口341341人，20xx年GDP120.62亿元。下辖9个街道办事处，市人民政府驻连然街道。

晋宁县，总面积1236.37k㎡，总人口283784人。下辖1个街道办事处，4个镇，2个乡，县人民政府驻昆阳街道。

③远郊区县

东川区，总面积1858.79k㎡，总人口271917人。下辖1个街道办事处，6个镇，1个乡，区人民政府驻铜都街道。

寻甸回族彝族自治县，总面积3598k㎡，总人口457068人。下辖1个街道办事处，9个镇，4个乡，县人民政府驻仁德街道。

禄劝彝族苗族自治县，总面积4234.78k㎡，总人口39万人。下辖1个街道，9个镇，6个乡，县人民政府驻屏山街道。

石林彝族自治县，总面积1725k㎡，总人口24万6220人。下辖1个街道办事处，3个镇，1个乡，县人民政府驻鹿阜街道。

④托管区域

下列区域不由所属行政区域直接管理，而直接由市政府派出机构管理，级别与区县同级，并建有公安局，环保局等行政机构。

国家级昆明高新技术产业开发区(高新区)，1992年8月成立，管理呈贡新区马金铺街道办事处75%的区域及五华区人民西路以北，昌源路以东，海屯路以南，二环快速以西的八个社区。

国家级昆明经济技术开发区，1992年5月成立，管理官渡区小板桥街道经济园社区、阿拉街道办事处及呈贡新区洛羊街道办事处。

国家级滇池旅游度假区，1992年10月成立，管理西山区盘龙江以西，广福路以南，船房河以东前卫街道办事处的4个社区，福海街道办事处的4个社区的部分区域，以及呈贡新区的大渔街道办事处。

空港经济区，20xx年成立，管理官渡区大板桥街道办事处。

倘甸产业园区轿子雪山开发区，20xx年成立，管理东川区红土地镇、舍块乡，禄劝县的转龙镇、雪山乡、乌蒙乡，以及寻甸县的倘甸镇、凤合镇、联合乡、金源乡等共9个乡镇地区，辖下94个村民委员会，面积1837.54k㎡，人口约22.3万人。

阳宗海风景名胜区管理委员会，20xx年7月成立，管理阳宗海周边的呈贡区七甸街道、宜良县汤池街道、澄江县阳宗镇共38个村委会(社区)，总面积546k㎡，人口9.5万人。

海口新区，20xx年2月28日成立，管理西山区海口街道。

泛亚科技新区，20xx年4月15日成立，管理五华区黑林铺街道、普吉街道。市行政中心驻呈贡区吴家营街道。

【历史沿革】

名称由来：昆明(kūn míng)，括号中为汉语拼音;昆明(ㄎㄨㄣˉㄇㄧㄥˊ)，括号中为注音符号或注音字母。

“昆明”一词作为地名，在唐代以前很难稽考。关于“昆明”一词的起源，有多种说法，大多数学者认为，“昆明”最初是我国西南地区一个古代民族的族称。“昆明”在中国古代文献中写作“昆”、“昆弥”或“昆淋”。早期并非城市名称，而是居住在中国西南地区即今日的云南西部、四川西南部的一个古代民族的族称。

见诸记载，“昆明”一词的出现，可追溯到汉武帝时期。当时的著名史学家司马迁在《史记·西南夷列传》中写道：“西自同师(今保山)以东，北至叶榆，名为嶲、昆明、皆编发，随畜迁徙，毋常处，毋君长，地方可数千里。”由此可见，“昆明”一词是古代云南一个少数民族的族称。

“昆明”作为地名出现，则是在唐代。“武德二年，于镇置昆明县，盖南接昆明之地，因此为名。”按此处置昆明县，非今之昆明，乃四川定笮镇(今盐源县境)。唐代为什么把定笮镇命名为“昆明”，记载当中已写得很清楚，系它接近昆明之故。此处昆明仍指昆明族而言，盖汉唐以前，昆明族大部定居云南西部地区。直到南诏、大理国时期，乌蛮、白蛮兴起，昆明族居住的地方，为乌蛮、白蛮据有，昆明族才东迁滇中，聚居于滇池周围。宋宝佑二年(1254年)，元灭大理，在鄯阐设 “昆明千户所”，“昆明”始作为地名出现，延续至今。“昆明”一词的含义，晋常琚解释说：“夷人大种日昆，小种日叟。”这句话可解释为人口众多的昆明族。

【历史文化】

昆明具有悠久的历史、灿烂的文化，是国务院公布的首批 24个历史文化名城之一，拥有2200多年的建城史，滇池地区拥有3020xx年的文明史。约3万年前，即有人类生活在滇池地区。战国至东汉初，滇池周围的“滇人”建立滇国，创造了独具特色的“滇文化”。公元前120xx年，西汉设益州郡，将滇池地区纳入中原王朝版图。公元765 年，南诏国筑拓东城，为昆明建城之始。大理国时称鄯阐城。拓东城、鄯阐城分别为南诏国、大理国的东京。1276年，昆明设中庆城，首次成为省会。明代，大量移民进入云南，昆明汉族人口首次超过本地土著居民。明末清初，李定国等农民起义军、永历帝、吴三桂先后在昆明或建立政权、或建立皇宫。1920xx年的“重九起义” ，推翻了清朝在云南的统治。1920xx年，昆明自辟为商埠及1920xx年滇越铁路的修通，使昆明成为一个开放城市。1920xx年，昆明爆发“护国首义” ，全国响应。1920xx年，设云南市政公所，为昆明设市的发端。1920xx年改设昆明市政公所。1920xx年8月1日，成立昆明市政府。抗战时期，昆明成为支撑中国抗战的经济、文化、军事重镇之一，成为著名的“民主堡垒”。1949年12月9日，昆明和平解放。

【建制沿革】

远古：数万年前昆明人的祖先就已在这一带过着茹毛饮血、穴居野处的原始生活。约四千至七千年前，滇池一带已有了定居的农业民族，从事“刀耕火种”的原始农业和狩猎、饲养畜禽等多种经营活动，并已能纺纱、织布。滇池地区和稻谷种植至今至少已约有数千年的历史。

青铜器时代滇池地区各氏族部落，以叟族为主，属氐羌族语系。氐羌，是中国古代分布在陕西、甘肃、青海、四川到云南北部一带的古老游牧民族。其中一部分从越西(今四川越西)渡金沙江而南进入滇池地区，与当地傣僮语系氏族“蒲”、“僚”等部落相融合，共同促进了滇池地区的开发和发展。

公元前三世纪(纪元前298～277年间)，楚国大将庄蹻率众入滇，抵滇池地区，与当地的叟族部落联盟，建立了以叟族为主的“滇国”，自称“滇王”，其故城在今晋宁县晋城镇。“庄开滇”带来了楚国和中原内地先进的文化、技术，对促进当时以滇部落为主的滇池地区的政治、经济发展有一定的积极作用。

西汉王朝建立后，积极谋求对“西南夷”地区的开发。公元前120xx年(西汉元封二年)，汉武帝征发巴蜀地区士卒，滇王被迫归降。汉王朝以滇池地区为中心设置了益州郡，郡治与滇王驻地同在今晋城附近。郡下设县：昆明为谷昌县，昆阳为建伶县，晋宁为滇池县，安宁为连然县，富民为秦臧县，宜良为昆泽县，把中央集权的郡县制度推行到了西南边疆，标志着古代云南接受中央王朝直接统治的开始。郡县制度的施行，有力地促进了滇池地区奴隶制社会的解体。汉族移民和中原内地先进技术、文化的传播，使滇池地区的经济发展达到了一个新的水平。蜀汉诸葛亮平定南中后，改益州郡为建宁郡，“郡治仍益州郡之旧”，任用“大姓”为地方官吏，实行促进民族团结的政策。

公元271年(晋武帝泰始七年)，晋王朝把南中四郡(建宁、云南、永昌、兴古)从益州(治成都)分划出来，设立宁州，与益州同列，为全国十九州之一。东晋以后，“方土大姓”爨氏势力逐渐强盛，成为滇中地区的统治者。公元339年(成帝咸和十四年)，晋王朝封爨琛为宁州刺史，并承认其世袭地位。历经南北朝隋初的二百多年间，在中原政治动乱、民族纷争的形势下，爨氏对昆川一隅的统治，保持了“力役齐平，教化清静”的较为安定的社会局面，使滇池地区的社会经济有了新的发展。到梁末隋初爨瓒、爨震时代，滇池地区已是“户口殷众，金宝富饶”、“多骏马、犀象、明珠”，成为当时西南在经济上较为繁荣和富庶的地区。

公元620xx年唐王朝建立，先后在云南设置了九十二州。滇池地区为九十二州的主要部分。公元620xx年(唐高祖武德元年)，唐朝任命爨氏子孙爨弘达为昆州刺史，治理属县，治所仍设在益宁城。唐代中叶，蒙氏势力在洱海地区崛起，建立南诏国。公元746～747年，蒙氏皮罗阁进兵安宁，攻灭爨氏。公元765年，蒙氏阁逻风(南诏国国王)命长子凤迦异于昆川(今昆明城区一带)置拓东城，并令其驻守。拓东城就成为了当时南诏国的东部重镇。拓东城的开辟，为古代昆明的城市发展奠定了基础，并发展成为南诏的第二政治、经济、军事和文化中心，往来广西、贵州和安南(今越南)的重要通道，在当时大西南的社会经济发展和与东南亚的国际交往中占有重要的地位。

公元937年，大理段氏夺取南诏政权，建立大理国，统一了云南，在拓东城的基础上设鄯阐府，为大理国八府之一。府治沿袭拓东城。段氏政权在其内部经历了较剧烈的社会变革，释奴隶，免徭役，进一步瓦解南诏的贵族统治，解放了社会生产力。鄯阐府的城市规模进一步扩大，繁华的市中心逐渐移至盘龙江以西(今金碧路、三市街)一带，大理国国主也经常驻节于此。段氏统治者在鄯阐营造宫室园林，兴修水利，到大理国末期，鄯阐城已发展成为滇中一座“商工颇众”的繁华城市。

公元1253年(元宪宗三年)，元军攻占云南。1276年(元世祖至元十三年)，赛典赤主滇后，把军事统治时期所设的万户、千户、百户改为路、府、州、县，正式建立云南行中书省。置昆明县，为中庆路治地(昆明命名即始于此)，并把行政中心由大理迁到昆明。自此，昆明”也正式作为全省政治、经济、文化的中心。元朝统治时期，经过初期的军事掠夺和民族镇压之后，逐渐代之以定赋税和改善民族关系的政策，并大兴民屯，整修水利，订立租赋，免除徭役，“开云南驿路”，“驰道路之禁，通民往来”。元朝官吏在昆明地区挖海口河，疏通螂螳川，降低了滇池水位，不仅解除了昆明城市的水患，还“得壤地万余顷，皆为良田”，扩大了农田面积。并修金汁河、松花坝，引盘龙江水灌溉滇池东岸农田;还从内地引进养蚕技术，发展丝织业，使农民和手工业者“收利十倍于旧”，使滇池地区的政治经济在元朝中期有了新的发展。公元1381年(洪武十四年)明朝进军云南后，改元代“路”一级行政区划为府，仿内地建制，设置云南承宣布政使司和都指挥使司。

到了清朝后期，自鸦片战争，特别是1885年(光绪十一年)中法战争以后，法、英等帝国主义势力迅速侵入云南。1920xx年(光绪三十年)，清朝把昆明辟为商埠。1920xx年(宣统二年)，滇越铁路修通昆明。进一步加强了昆明作为全省商业、贸易中心的经济地位和交通枢纽地位。1884年(光绪十年)创立的云南机器局，成为昆明近代工业的开端。之后，造币厂、制革厂、官印局、电报局、邮政局等官办企业也应时而生。1920xx年(光绪廿六年)，昆明开始出现商办企业。1920xx年(光绪三十四年)，滇池出现小火轮，市内也开办有“人力车公司”。到1920xx年(宣统三年)，全市已有火柴、面粉、玻璃、香烟、五金、制茶、皮货加工、西药加工、火腿罐头等十多种行业，最多的为火柴业，已有厂商四家。此外，还有四十三处煤、铅、铜、铁、碗花(钴)等矿产的小规模开采。1937年抗日军兴，外地的工厂、学校内迁，大量的资金、设备和人材流入昆明，促进了昆明经济的短暂繁荣。国民党中央和云南地方的官僚资本纷纷在昆明设置和开办工厂企业，如中央机器厂、炼铜厂、电工厂、发电厂、53兵工厂、电力制钢厂、纺纱厂、烟厂等相继建立。

1950年2月24日，云南和平解放。

昆明市气候概况

昆明地处低纬高原，属亚热带湿润气候, 境内大多数地区夏无酷暑，冬无严寒，素以"春城"而享誉中外。

昆明气候的主要特点有以下几点：

1.春季温暖，干燥少雨，蒸发旺盛，日温变化大;

2.夏无酷暑，雨量集中，且多大雨、暴雨，降水量占全年的60%以上，故易受洪涝灾害;

3.秋季温凉，天高气爽，雨水减少。秋季降温快，天气干燥，多数地区气温要比春季低2℃左右。降水量比夏季减少一半多，但多于冬、春两季，故秋旱较少见;

4.冬无严寒，日照充足，天晴少雨。

5.干、湿季分明。全年降水量在时间分布上，明显地分为干、湿两季。5～10月为雨季，降水量占全年的85%左右;11月至次年4月为干季，降水量仅占全年的15%左右。

大理洋人街位于大理古城护国路，西起滇藏公路。 在古城，大理洋人街原名"护国路"，意为民国初云南人民反对袁世凯称帝，起兵护国而得名。护国路东西走向，长1000米，宽7米，青石板铺面，西起滇藏公路，交博爱，复兴等主要街道。

为了适应开放旅游的需要，把大理古城定为开放旅游的主要景点，红山茶宾馆定为涉外宾馆，红山茶宾馆在古城护国路西段，由此，护国路便成为外国游客在大理的集散地。随着旅游业的发展，游客日渐增多，外宾云集，有休闲游览的，有品尝名食的，有打工、找女朋友的，各施所好，热闹祥和。中西风味店、茗茶坐、珠宝店、古董店、扎染店、画廊，各行各业随之兴起，铺面林立两侧，满目琳琅，目不暇接，成为中外有名的大理洋人街。

近年来，每年有外国友人前来大理游览观光的4万余人次，他们在大理的活动以洋人街为中心的同时，已发展到博爱路、复兴路等整个大理古城，以及喜洲、周城、夏关和鸡足山、石宝山、巍宝山等全州的著名旅游景点。

如今大理古城护国路的名字在外国有些图纸上，早已真称为"洋人街"了。可见大理洋人街，已驰名世界，成为外国友人向往的地方和他们旅居大理的温馨家园。在这里，人们可以品尝非常地道的"西点"，诸如罗宋汤、色拉、比萨……手艺绝对一流。我们此次到大理便是寻着刚出炉的巧克力蛋糕的香气到了"洋人街"。这是白族老板不失时机聘请前来就餐的外国人亲自下厨，手把手教他们各国烹饪技术的结果。这条长约百米的窄巷长期居住着上百欧美游者，很多都是旅游到古城，便再也舍不得离开了。我们在"洋人街"恰巧碰上一个德国旅游者，他很兴奋地对我说，他已经是三度游大理古城，此番到来便要长住下去，娶一位善良贤能的白族姑娘为妻，与大理的风花雪月长相伴。

仔细走了古城的大街小巷，终于明白了"洋人街"兴盛的秘密。大理古城布局是明、清以来的棋盘式方格网，有九街十八巷。"洋人街"是其中笔直贯穿东西的小街之一。白族传统建筑在大理的其他地方正逐渐消失，但在"洋人街"却被悉心保存下来，作了别有风情的茶楼食肆。这里每家小楼小院都可谓白族的精品建筑;三坊一照壁、四合五天井，越过照壁、穿过每一廊坊都觉得别有洞天;白墙青瓦矮围栏，院门有檐有顶，而且是双横梁、四角飞檐的，梁上还饰以景致的水墨画;房屋的窗棂门栏都用雕花木格子。白族人的审美偏向精致秀丽，在这里，甚至从汉族地区传来的平顶砖房，都以青砖、红砖相配，调出悦目的图案来。吧橱、桌椅、沙发要么一色红木所制，要么青竹，要么绿藤，吊灯一般用竹篾编织的鱼篓或簸箕做装饰，墙壁上点缀有白族特有的蜡染和扎染布艺。如眼只觉调和舒畅。还有些地方布置成为小小的画廊，虽然不一定都是艺术精品，但主人的审美感受洋溢其中，使人不敢造次。

有个名为"樱花园"的地方，经常举办各类小型画展，我们去的时候，黑泽明创作的《乱》、《罗生门》、《梦》等电影效果图刚刚拆下，换上了女主人自己独特视角的一些作品。屋内没有一般茶室的喧嚣，而完全是艺术沙龙的氛围。在这些小楼小院之中，随处可见全国各地游者或金发碧眼的人，他们或读书休憩、或娱乐闲聊，他们自己解释说："爱这里的美呗，怎么都觉得舒畅。" 旅游者到了大理"洋人街"，除了欣赏白族建筑的灵秀，体会白族金花的善解人意品尝可口的西餐，同时也领略到白族传统文化与西方现代性的完美交融。

Hunan in taojiang river lake, beautiful scenery, is famous tourist destination at home and abroad. Hunan has a long history, humanities, person of outstanding ability, "subject chuweicai, to fill in. Hunan rich natural resources, known as the reputation of "HuGuang cooked, the world", is the famous "land of fish and rice".

Hunan famous scenic spot: the national famous historical and cultural city, changsha city, yueyang city, fenghuang county. National 5 a grade scenic spot: the capital changsha - j scenic spot, the yueyang yueyang tower, junshan island scenic spot, xiangtan shaoshan scenic spot, hengyang nanyue hengshan scenic area, zhangjiajie wulingyuan, zhangjiajie tianmen mountain scenic spot [. World natural heritage, wulingyuan scenic spot, shaoyang sunnybrook Lang mountain danxia (China)

Hunan is continental humid subtropical monsoon climate, climate has three characteristics: first, light, heat, rich in water resource, the high value of basic synchronization again. Second, climate during the year and interannual change is larger. Winter cold, summer heat, temperature is changeable, spring the autumn temperature steep fall, spring and summer rain, autumn and winter drought. Suitable for autumn tourism.

Hunan province is located in the Yangtze river in the south of the Yangtze river middle reaches, as most is located in the south of dongting lake in hunan province. The xiangjiang river in hunan province on the north-south, so called xiang. Hunan jiangxi province in the east, west chongqing expensive, which the guangdong to the south, north of hubei. The provincial jurisdiction over 14 province, 122 counties (city, area)

Hunan province in the south of the Yangtze river south dongting lake the name. The pre-qin period to the chu, "jiangnan" in hunan province, the earliest name; Until the sui dynasty, "jiangnan" for today in hunan province as the main body cover surrounding parts designed said; Tang belong to jiangnan road, Jiang Naxi, after observation, hunan province, as the beginning of the name of hunan; Song said hunan road; Yuan ridge north of hunan road; Ming HuGuang province, after the change of the provinces HuGuang originally department; Clarify HuGuang provincial place in hunan province, the province has not changed.

About chongqing cities first. Billed as the "mountain city" of chongqing, really liked. The city built around the mountain, so the road is not like our suzhou made peace, but the ups and downs. There, you are hardly out of difficulty, is going downhill. If you want to compare the two houses of the high and low is very difficult, because that the foundations of the house were not the same level. Chongqing is a city on a three-dimensional, three-dimensional, once I was walking by the road, I saw a roadside hotel, went in to have a rest, drink a cup of coffee, that a stepped in, here is the 11th floor. Mentioned that the house, chongqing buildings more than suzhou, people walk in it, such as tunnel vision. Chongqing is a famous jiangbei, 26 meters high, that is the tallest building in the city of chongqing, but now surrounded by tall buildings, chicken is made a swoop. Chongqing night scene is beautiful, in the evening we go to the "tree" the view, standing on a mountain, the mountain city lights, hand in photograph reflect with river water. Which chongqing sheraton hotel building special type, like two big bamboo shoots, very funny.

Chongqing is famous for its food all over the world. Go to chongqing, my mother and I are deeply regrets, suzhou is really no good snacks. Chongqing cuisine stand much more special, variety, and the price is cheap. My mother and I all the way walk all the way to eat. I think is the most inexpensive corn crisp, 5 dollars can buy a big bag. I ate a lot of meat string, taste very sweet. The most memorable or old oil hot pot of chongqing. This hot pot we are in the roadside stalls to eat. The hot pot after nine, so also called scratchable latex hot pot. Put a lot of chili hot pot, but also good, no imagination of spicy. Hot pot in the old oil is really old, chopsticks dip out, have a few seconds, chopsticks, you married a thick layer of fat. Drop a drop of oil in the water, also like wax immediately condense into a block. It is said that the oil has been eaten N times, is not very health, but it tastes really good, we eat very comfortable.

Because of the time, we only went to the ChaoTianMen in town, the jiangbei, HongYa hole, arhat temple, 18 ladder. Arhat temple is the most fun, there is a 500 arhat hall, lohan, of different fun. I also calculate life there, it is said that will dry out a career, but fortune-teller warned me, cant fall in love before starting work, ha ha! We only went to the outside "tiankeng" (claims to be the worlds second-largest tiankeng group). There is very far away from chongqing, three hours drive, but impressive view, worth a visit.

Chongqing dialect also has distinguishing feature very much, we can only communicate in mandarin there, chongqing people can understand basic mandarin, but all say not standard, we must be prepared to fight often can understand. If you ask I want to go to chongqing, Ill answer loudly: "be!

尊敬的各位游客：

大家好!我是你们的导游。大家在游览长城时，请不要再城墙上乱涂乱画，不能乱扔垃圾，必须要做一个礼貌游客。

此刻我们已经来到了长城。看，这一段长城修筑在八达岭上，高大坚固，是用巨大的条石和城砖筑成的。城墙顶上铺着方砖，十分平整，是不是像很宽的马路呢?城墙外沿有两米多高的成排的垛子，垛子上有方形的?望口和射击口，供?望和射击用。请大家看，城墙顶上每隔三百多米就有一座方形的城台，那就是屯兵的堡垒。打仗的时候，城台之间能够互相呼应。

大家站在长城上，踏着脚下的方砖，扶着墙上的条石，肯定能想起古代修筑长城的劳动人民来。你们看着数不清的条石，一块就有两三千斤重。那时没有火车、汽车，没有起重机，就靠着无数的肩膀、无数的手，一步一步地抬上这陡峭的山岭。大家想一想，多少劳动人民的血汗和智慧，才凝结这前不见头、后不见尾的长城呀!

这样气魄雄伟的工程，在世界历史上是一个伟大大的奇迹，它是中华民族勤劳和智慧的象征，是华夏儿女的骄傲。

好了，这天的游览就到那里，欢迎大家再来游览长城。

各位游客朋友，大家好!日益发达的城市，带给我们的是拥挤的人潮，让我们喘但是气的压力。我们总期望有那么一处地方能够让我们放下手中的一切，回归大自然，重新找回人与自然和谐相处的乐趣。所以，我们这天将要前去游览的就是四季花果飘香，猕猴生息繁衍的理想之地——南湾猴岛。

南湾猴岛是世界唯一的一个热带岛屿型猕猴保护区，它位于陵水县的最南端，南非湾猴岛的猕猴，学名叫做恒河猴，属于灵长类动物。此刻在我们的岛上一共有28群20xx多只生灵自由自在的生活着。

在我们的猴岛上，猴子才是我们真正的“主人”，我们是拜访他们的“客人”，而我们的经营管理者却是“仆人”;这就是猴岛独特的经营理念了——“三人原则”。

南湾猴岛跨海观光索道、猴岛雕塑广场、花果山猕猴游览区、猴杂技表演区及猴演艺场等几个部分所组成。跨海观光索道

如果要进入我们的猴岛，你能够选取乘船或者是观光索道。但是，这2138米中国最长的跨海索道如果不去体验一番，确实会让我们有些许的遗憾。乘坐在索道上，神秘的南湾猴岛、迷人的热带海湾、浓郁的“疍家民俗风情”尽收眼底，带给你的将是不一样的心神感受。猴岛雕塑广场

踏上南湾猴岛，大家首先看到的将会是猴岛雕塑广场。看到是一只猴子正坐在达尔文的《物种起源》捧着人的头盖骨在思考。这个雕塑但是是美国著名的红色资本家哈默博士送给前苏联领导人列宁的礼品雕塑的复制品。他也在告诉着我们：人类要学会遵守自然法则，学会尊敬自然，否则日益发达的现代礼貌不光要毁灭自然，也必毁于人类本身。花果山猕猴游览区

观赏完雕塑，大家就会去来到花果山猕猴游览区与可爱的生灵来次亲密接触吧。在那里你能够看到由猴队长的带领下高举旗帜可爱猕猴，这是他们欢迎远道而来的客人的一种个性的方式，是不是很搞笑呢?而在猕猴的水上乐园——“浴圣池”里你能够看到在五星级游泳池的猴子们或潜水、或游泳、或高楼跳水的猕猴们正在像游客们展示他们的能耐。如果你想和可爱的猴子们亲密无间的合上一张影，不妨买上一包食粮，这些富有灵性的猴子便会批准你和它们合影了。猴杂技表演区

如果说我们在花果山猕猴游览区看到的是充满“野性”的猕猴，而在我们的猴杂技表演区你就能够看到充满“人性”的生灵。在那里，你能看到有很高模仿力的猴儿们为你奉献的精美大餐，它们在驯化师的带领下，表演各种高难度的杂技，绝对会让大家为之震惊。猴演艺场

如果这些还不能使你情绪舒畅、捧腹大笑，那就让我们一齐来到会带给我们更多欢乐的猴演艺场吧。这些经过挑选的极具表演天赋、相貌俊俏、身材一流的猕猴与人共演了一出情景喜剧——《毛毛的一家》，看过之后保证你烦恼全无。

好了，各位游客朋友，我们的旅游车已经驶入我们的景区，大家是不是已经心驰神往，想要与我们的可爱猕猴们玩上一番了呢，那就让我们带上好情绪，一同去体味人与自然和谐共处的乐趣吧!

各位团友：

大家好!现在看到的土楼就是和贵楼了，座落在云水谣古镇景区内。和贵楼——建于清雍正十年(1732年)。20___年6月被国务院批准为全国重点文物保护单位;20___年7月被列为世界文化遗产!楼高5层，前楼高17.08米，后楼高17.95米，面宽36.6米，进深28.6米，每层28间，占地1547平方米，建筑面积3574平方米。底层夯土墙厚1.4米，往上逐层收缩0.1米，墙体高厚比例达到13：1，是夯土建筑的极限了!是土楼王国最高大的方形土楼了!

过去，这里是一片沼泽地——在沼泽地上建高楼!在将近320___年前的技术;这也太不可思议了吧!!天下名楼众多，此楼看来也有其神奇之处喔!待会到里面好好瞧瞧!

(大门)和贵楼名，顾名思义为古训“和为贵”，是中华民族的优良传统。请看门扇有藏头联：

和亲既康禄，

贵子共贤孙。

中国古代哲学——富是一般追求!富后还要求“贵和贤”，这些都要建立在——“和”的基础上，只有在和的环境与人际关系下，才可能——健康、富裕、高贵、贤达!

所以，我们通过这副对联可以看出————和贵楼的博大与深奥!

(进入门厅)和贵楼大门的两扇门板是用可耐火的“咬冬木”制成，厚达10多厘米。在门厅正上方，设有三个灌水道。若遇盗匪用火攻门，可灌水灭火。整幢楼的底层不开窗，二层只开一条不足20厘米的通风口，三层至五层窗洞也是内大外小，防御功能极强。

(来到楼内天井)我们迎面看到一块“进士”牌匾。这是清朝道光进士、工部屯田司主事简逢泰的名份，工部屯田司主管天下农垦。简逢泰就是这幢楼主的简次屏的孙子，自幼聪明好学，12岁考中秀才。据说当年赶考因路途遥远，小逢泰骑在父亲的肩上走进考堂门口。主考官在门口观察考生——看他身穿红色长衫，头发又结了个辫子，便嘲讽地说：“福建来了只红鬃马”。

小逢泰看到主考官脚上穿着黑色的官靴，听说主考官是山东人，于是脱口回道：“山东出了个黑脚驴。”

主考官暗想：“好厉害!”接着问：“是你考还是你父亲考啊?你读了多少年书?”

小逢泰说：“我考可以吗?不多不少读了20___年。”

主考官看他还是个小毛孩，问：“你今年几岁啦?”

小逢泰回答：“12岁。”

主考官问：“那你一生下来就读书了?”

小逢泰说：“7岁才读书。”

主考官说：那你在娘胎就读书啦!

小逢泰说：“我日读6年，夜读6年，如此不正好20___年!”

主考官一听，其言在理，思索他骑着父亲而来，担心有残疾，于是说：“你下来向前走三步。”他毫不犹豫地向前走三步。主考官又说：“你后退三步。”小逢泰这时却屹立不动。

主考官问他为何不退，小逢泰回答：“大丈夫有进无退!”主考官拍案，说道：“聪敏好口才!”当场授以秀才。

几年后，简逢泰赴京考得进士，后官至两广分巡道。

对联“贵子共贤孙”果然应验!

(走进楼内院)这是一座“三间一堂式”学堂，供楼内和族里小孩读书用。大家看，左边墙上悬挂着的是当时国民政府主席林森颁发、简羡强立的“兴学敬教”牌匾;右边悬挂着的是中华民国二十六年十月由国民政府侨务委员会委员长陈树林赠送、简羡强立的“兴学利侨”牌匾。简羡强是什么人呢?他就是长教简氏的第19代孙，早年生活艰苦，20岁跟人一起到缅甸谋生，勤劳发家致富，后担任缅甸救济总会负责人、海外侨务委员会副主席。他还发动海外侨胞支持祖国抗日，在家乡兴办崇文学校，荣获国民政府勋章。1939年，南靖有名的匪首张河山带人进了和贵楼，扬言要把楼烧掉。后来，见到林森颁发的牌匾，知道惹不起，落荒而逃。是这块匾保住了和贵楼。

(走到天井，体验“沼泽浮城”)南靖土楼，很多楼都各有各的特点?比如说，裕昌楼就叫“东歪西斜”，怀远楼就叫“书香弥漫”。我们今天参观的和贵楼，则叫“沼泽浮楼”。

大家在这天井里，不妨试一试，用力跳一跳，似乎整个地面在晃动。谁有兴趣可以跳一下。如果用一根长长的铁线，可随意从天井的卵石缝向地里穿插3-4米深(示范)，可见地质之柔软了。为什么会这样呢?原来，这块方圆3000平方米的地是沼泽地，在建房选址时，选基是大事。据说，长教简氏第13世简次屏是个读书人，看到这个地形像肚腰兜，就去请教风水先生，这位风水先生说——是块风水宝地!

但要在沼泽上建楼，当地乡亲都在嘲笑他头脑有问题!这座建在方圆3000平方米沼泽地上的土楼，初建第一层时，因负荷过重而下沉倒塌，但是简次屏一心要建楼，请来上百个帮工上山砍松木，用20厘米直径的200多根松木，打桩、铺垫，其次，外墙用卵石砌1米多高的墙脚，底层夯土墙厚1.34米，往上逐层收缩10厘米。楼夯筑到4层后停工一年。一年以后，简次屏看楼基稳固，又往上建了第5层。这座“沼泽浮楼”历时三年才建成，耗资15000两银子，竖柱架梁全用人工，体现了能工巧匠的艰辛、坚韧和聪明才智!

当然——现在科技这么发达，在海上建城、太空中建空间站都成可能了，说明人类在文明的历史长河中，靠着聪敏的智慧和坚忍不拔的精神——一定会有类似壮举——不断激励和感染着我们!我们向此楼的开基先祖敬礼!