鼋头渚仙岛导游词(通用20篇)

列位旅客，各人好!我是澳门汗青城区的导游，各人可以叫我“小张”。但愿各人可以从我的讲授中领会澳门汗青城区的魅力。

我先给各人大略先容澳门汗青城区，澳门汗青城区是一片以澳门旧城区为焦点的汗青街区，个中包罗议事亭前地、大堂前地、白鸽巢前地等多个广场空间以及妈阁庙、港务局大楼、郑家大屋等20处风景，它们都被列为《天下遗产名录》。澳门汗青城区生涯了澳门四百多年中西文化交换的汗青精华，它是中国境内现存年月最远、局限最大、生涯最完备，以西式构筑为主、中西式构筑相互辉映的汗青城区，是西方宗教文化在中国撒播汗青的重要见证。

此刻我们要去大三巴牌楼，各人先从议事亭前地喷水池出发，沿着海浪形碎石路往北走。啊!这里不算宽广的街道两旁，具有艺术感的构筑一座又一座，真是令我们目不暇接。好!差不多来到山坡最高点的时辰，旅客们，大三巴牌楼就挺立在面前。澳门最闻名的胜景事业——大三巴牌楼，它早已成了见证澳门汗青与文化的符号。汇报各人，它现实上不是牌楼，而是圣保禄教堂的正门前壁，与教堂为邻的圣保禄大学在1835年失火，教堂受损，正门前壁和依山而建的大石阶，是由坚石组建而成，大火毁不了，因今生涯至今。

请各人细细游赏大三巴牌楼，同时不要乱丢垃圾，掩护好大三巴牌楼。

兰亭在绍兴的西南部，离城约13公里。这个古朴典雅的园子虽然不大，却为中外游人所瞩目。

据历史记载，公元353年，即东晋永和九年三月三日，王羲之与友人谢安、孙绰等名流及亲朋共42人聚会于兰亭，行修禊之礼，曲水流觞，饮酒赋诗。后来王羲之汇集各人的诗文编成集子，并写了一篇序，这就是著名的《兰亭集序》。传说当时王羲之是沉着酒兴方酣之际，用蚕茧纸、鼠须笔疾书此序，通篇28行，324字，凡字有复重者，皆变化不一，精美绝伦。只可惜这样一件书法珍品，到了唐太宗手里，他爱不忍释，临死时竞命人用它来殉葬。从此后世人便看不到《兰亭集序》的真迹了。

在兰亭里，有一座三角形的碑亭，亭内碑石上刻有鹅池两个草书大字。相传这两个字是王羲之手书，并传说王羲之很喜欢鹅，在家里养了一群鹅。现在兰亭的鹅池里也养了几只白净的鹅。

兰亭里还有曲水流觞亭、右军祠、墨池等建筑。

流觞亭面阔三间，四面有围廊。亭前有一弯弯曲曲的水沟，水在曲沟里缓缓的流过，这就是有名的曲水。当年王羲之等人就是列坐在曲水岸边，有人在曲水的上游，放上一只盛酒的杯子，酒杯有荷叶托着顺水流漂行，到谁处停下，谁就得赋诗一首，作不出者罚酒一杯。当今很多游人来到这里，兴致勃勃地用塑料杯子，盛上饮料，放在曲水里流觞，体味当年曲水邀欢的情趣。

右军祠是纪念王羲之的祠堂。王羲之当时任右将军、会稽内史，因此人们常称他为王右军。祠内有许多碑刻，正中悬挂王羲之画像，两边的楹联是毕生寄迹在山水，列坐放言无古今。祠内有一水池，称为墨池，据说当年王羲之用这池子的水蘸笔习书，把整池水都染黑了。

绍兴是一个古老的城市，又是一个著名的水乡，城内城外，河道纵横，到处都可通船。这里有一种用双脚踩桨的乌蓬船，很有特色。

绍兴有许多名胜古迹，如夏朝大禹的禹陵、与南宋诗人陆游有关的沈园、明代徐文长的青藤书屋以及近代的秋瑾故居、鲁迅故居等，都值得一游。

荷李活道(Hollywood Road)亦称作荷里活道，位于香港中环至上环，是香港开埠后兴建的第一条街道。名字与美国电影业的好莱坞无关，来自早年荷李活道一带的冬青树(Hollywood)

石板街(即砵甸乍街)由一块块大石板砌成，位于中环荷里活道交界至干诺道中环段，香港的怀旧老街

半山自动扶梯：往来中环至半山区的行人交通系统。垂直差距：135米，免费;在自动扶梯中段，设有八达通卡票价优惠的感应机，刷卡后即可享受当日自湾仔、中环及香港站搭乘地铁，折扣2元港元。

中区警署建筑群：即中环与旧中区警署相关的历史建筑，包括：旧中区警署、域多利监狱、前中央裁判司署

PMQ元创方(英文：PMQ，意思为Police Married Quarters，即已婚警察宿舍)创意中心，位于香港岛上环荷李活道，总楼面面积达1.8万平方米，设有5个门口，20__年6月21日开幕

文武庙：位于荷里活道，创建的历史可追溯至香港开埠初期1891年，庙内奉祀文昌帝及关帝，庙内藏有一件道光27年的铜钟;庙内串串塔香挂满庙宇，是其一大特色。香火鼎盛。 是香港最著名的庙宇之一。

昔日的摩罗上街及乐古道多为海员聚居，附近青楼林立，粉黛三千，龙蛇混杂，现已变成古董和杂货市场。

SoHo荷南美食区：即荷李活道以南的士丹顿街、伊利近街到些利街一带。小街两旁都是雅致小巧的露天餐厅及开放式酒吧，飘着咖啡香的小巷弄里，不仅尝到世界各地美食，还有服装店、生活杂货店、艺术家工作室、画廊、古董店

兰桂坊(Lan Kwai Fong)，位于香港中环区的一条呈L型的上坡小径。聚集大小酒吧与餐馆的中高档消费区，时尚青年和外籍人士聚集地，缘起于20世纪70年代初期

Tangshan, due to the central city of taesongsan (formerly known as tangshan) the name. The tang dynasty, its two Crusades, all station troops now the downtown taesongsan, mountain give tang, tangshan, hence the name. Is a coastal city. Tangshan city is located in the center of bohai bay area (south of the famous tangshan bay), the bohai sea in the south, north depends on yanshan, east and bordering on qinhuangdao, west is adjacent to Beijing, tianjin, are two major areas of connecting north China, northeast region of the throat and extremely important corridor. Tangshan city is the economic center in hebei province, is also one of the best cities in Chinas future development prospect.

Tangshan, is located in the eastern Eurasia, the Pacific west bank, is an important coastal port city in the north of China, domain central cities in hebei province, north China is important to foreign portal; And northeast Asia important international shipping center, bohai sea new industrialization base, the capital economic circle of important fulcrum.

Tangshan in 20xx, nearly 7.4 million people (population 3.2 million) which city, tangshan city area is 200 square kilometers in 20xx, according to the latest plan, 20xx tangshan downtown area is 500 square kilometers, gathered around an urban population of 5 million. Tangshan now and in the future focus on "four city river" and "caofeidian new district as the core of the coastal area of the" four ". Tangshan is the developed rich vibrant metropolis, is also at the forefront of scientific development in our country. Tangshan is evaluated many times national garden city and national sanitary city and national civilized city. Tangshan port is one of the eight sea port.

Tangshan is a long history of the ancient and splendid culture famous city, the resources is rich in fertile soil, the cradle of Chinas modern industry, the miracle of the phoenix nirvana, the forefront of sustainable development, the economically developed coastal megacities, a miracle and dream city.

珠江，是流经广州市区的一条大江，它有广义与狭义之分。广义的珠江是西江、北江和东江三条河流的总称。西江的上游为南盘江、源头在云南省益县马友邻山，流经桂之后，主流从广东磨石门(在珠海斗门)注入南海，全长2129公里;北江西源武水出湖南临武县，东源湞水出江西信丰县，长582公里;东江江源寻乌水，西源九曲江，均出江西省安远、寻乌两县间，长503公里。西、北、东三江分别于广州附近汇入珠江，流域总面积为42.57万平方公里(不领导越南境内部分)。珠江河口的巨大冲积平原称珠江三角洲，三角洲一带港汊密布，主要入海口有虎门、洪奇沥、磨刀门、崖门等处。狭义的珠江仅指从广州市区北面的石门(流溪河)到东面的黄埔港这一段经市区北面的石门(流溪河)到东面到黄埔港这一段经市区的河道，全长约70公里。历史上广州城南河面上有一块形如巨珠的礁石，被称为海珠石，珠江因此而得名。

随着广州市政府三年一中变”取得越来越多的骄人成果，珠江水变清了、变美了，现在的珠江两岸23公里长的观景长廊”风景更加旎迷人，堤两岸种上了别具岭南特色的榕树、木棉书和耐阴的地被植物，花岗岩栏杆与地面的天然开采石面相辅相成，实现了传统与现代、自然与人工的完美结合。

珠江夜游

珠江”的得名有这样一则传说：相传古羊城在爱群大厦、省总工会附近的江中有一块方圆90丈的礁石，是一颗摩黎珠的宝珠变成的，人们称之为海珠石，这条江就是现在的珠江。

珠江包括东江、西江、北江及其支流，流经过云南、贵州、广西、江西、湖南、广东六省。干六西江发源于云南省曲靖市马雄山，全长2214公里，它的长度和流域面积在全国江河中居第三位，年流量居全国第二位。

刚才登船的西码头可以乘船到莲花山、金沙度假村、黄埔军校、南沙天后宫、横档岛、半月岛等地，客轮旅游分公司也没设在这里。

现在河北面是著名的南方大厦，它是广州目前规模最大的百货商场之一，前身是大新公司，享有较高的社会知名度，是市民消费的理想场所。

在河的北岸，是人民路、六二三路高架桥，全长约有7600多米。是我国第一条城市高架路系统，一小时可通车2500辆，成为贯通广州西、南、北的快速干道。

河北面的孙逸仙纪念医院，前身为博济医院，由美国传教士伯驾于1835年创建，是中国和远东最早建立的西医院，是外国教会在大陆创办的第一间医院，孙中山先生曾在这里学医并从事革命活动，中国近代女子医学教育也是从这里开始的。

医院大门的东南面是爱群大厦，又名爱群大酒店，是香港爱群人寿公司投资兴建得名，酒店由旧楼、新楼和旋转餐厅组成，旧楼建于1937年，高15层64米，是当时广州最高的建筑物。该酒店承办了第一至十届中国出口商品交易会的开、闭幕式酒会。

省码头的北面，原是省总工会大楼”，它建于20世纪30年代，初建是叫广州永安堂大厦，是虎标万金油总批发处，大楼高6层24米，中央的钟塔设有四面都可以看时间的大钟，建筑造型简洁，具有现代风格，现为广州少年图书中心。

船的前方一道彩虹横跨珠江的是新建的解放大桥，桥的通航净高有8.7米,南接南华路,北通解放路,成为珠江南北两岸的主要交通枢纽。

河北岸骑楼式的三层建筑物原来是五仙门发电厂，它原来是中国华南地区最早的商办发电厂，由旗昌洋行创办于1901年。当时机力为546千瓦。

前面的铁桥就是海珠桥，他是广州第一座横跨珠江两岸的大桥，建于1933年。大桥在国民党史军队撤退时曾被炸毁。后来人民政府修复并扩宽桥面，海珠大桥以其独特的建筑点缀着珠江，是羊城八景之一珠海丹心”的主要组成部分。

广场东侧的华厦大酒店，是中外合作四星级酒店，一接待华侨为主。酒店高39层，设计独特，每间客房都可以俯览珠江景色。

河北岸的客运码头叫天字码头，是广州目前使用时间最长的轮渡码头，天字码头含有(广州)第一码头之意，为清代迎送过往官员的专用码头。

北岸具有独特建筑风格的是江湾大酒店，每到夜幕垂帘时，酒店在梦幻的灯光照射下，犹如巨箭直指天际，给人一种蓄势向上的神秘感觉，令人遐想，更点缀着广州璀灿的夜景。

前面是江湾大桥，南接纺织路，北通东濠涌高架路，桥的通航高8.7米。

过了江湾大桥，北岸就是大沙头客运码头，是广州水路通往四乡的主要客运码头。现在的河的北岸灯光辉煌的地方是西贡鱼港，它是广州市品尝海鲜美食的好地方。

前面看到的是海印大桥。因为桥的北端位于羊城三石的海印石而得名。大桥为双塔单索面斜拉桥，全长125米、塔高57.4米，由186根钢索星形拉固，塔顶像两只羊角”，寓意羊城。海印大桥一艘双桅船在旭日初升时扬帆远征，夏夜像两把巨大的竖琴伴随着孱孱流水奏响悠扬动听的乐章。是珠江河上别具特色的第四座公路桥。

过了海印桥，北面就是二沙头，又称二沙岛，解放前是法国的租借地，现在是二沙头体育训练基地，培养了无数为国争光的优秀运动员。现在二沙岛搞了房地产开发，建起了栋栋花园式小洋房，风光十分秀丽。被称为海珠广场花园。

前方是广州大桥，它连接广州大道南北两段，桥长988.4米，宽24米，航道净高8.7米，主桥的跨度在国内类同桥梁中居领先地位。

在二沙头对岸珠江南岸绿树成荫的地方，是著名的学府中山。前身是1924年孙中山创办的广东，后来为了纪念孙中山而改名。

再前一些就是航海俱乐部，它是市政委主管的水上运动训练基地，我国多名航海模型世界冠军均出自于此。

河的南岸石冲口客轮码头后边一带的住宅区是水上居民宿舍，是市人民政府水上居民在陆地上定居而兴建的住宅群。

到此游船往回开驶，继续观光游览珠江河两岸的瑰丽景色。过了西堤码头，北面的钟楼叫粤海关大楼，是广州近代西方新古典主义建筑的代表作之一，俗称大钟楼。大楼在1916年由英国建筑师设计落成，连钟楼高31.85米，4层主要建筑材料由英国进口。

北岸的纪念碑就是沙基惨案烈士纪念碑，1925年6月23日，广东各界群众10万余人举行游行示威，声援上海五.卅”爱国运动时，在沙路段惨遭外国侵略者开枪扫射，酿成25人死亡、无数人受伤的惨案，1950年在此立碑，纪念死难的烈士。每年6月23日，到这里献花凭吊的人们络绎不绝。

前面的人民桥，在1967年5月建成通车，是广州市区第二座跨珠江的公路桥。桥长大约701米，宽19米，是我市交通的主要动脉。

河的南面是天鹅会，是广州高档次的文化康乐中心。初开时入会费高达10万元，现在关闭了。

过了人民桥，河的北岸绿树婆娑的是沙面，沙面原是珠江冲击的沙洲，面积0.3平方公里，又称拾翠洲，鸦片战争时为城防要地，鸦片战争后沦为英法租界。岛上古木参天，环境幽雅，设有领事馆、银行、教堂、网球场、公园等，是人们休息游览的好地方。沙面具有万园风情的西方古典建筑物被国务院定为国家重点文物保护单位，被誉为羊城第九景。

现在进入的宽阔河面称为白鹅潭，这里水深流急，潮汐畅顺。白鹅潭的得名还有一个故事。相传在明朝的时候，农民起义领袖黄萧养率领起义军战船攻进广州，与明朝的大军在这里决战，得到白鹅作向导，后来不幸中箭落水时，又得到白鹅相救，背他冲出重围，遨游远方。白鹅潭由此而得名，白鹅潭白天碧波荡漾，晚上明月辉映江中，构成了羊城八景中的鹅潭夜月”。

耸立在沙面北岸、俯览白鹅潭的雄伟建筑就是白天鹅宾馆，它因面向白鹅潭而得名，是著名的中外合资五星级宾馆，该楼高34层，102.7米，整体构思似天鹅展翅。白天鹅宾馆是由全国政协副主席霍英东先生投资兴建的全国第一家五星级酒店。宾馆临江有70多米长、7米多高的吊幕，将中庭以故乡水”为名的传统园林景观与江面风光融为一体，有水上浮宫”之称。

白天鹅前面是黄沙码头”。该码头采用通透幕墙船型设计，象征着客轮与人同舟共济，团结进取的精神。

船的东岸停泊着星湖号”，天湖号”客轮的地方是漩头咀码头，它在20世纪30年代建成，日军侵华时用作军用码头，1977年改建为邮轮码头，是穗港澳及大陆沿海的大型客运枢纽。

游程到此结束，祝旅途愉快。

游客朋友们大家好：

首先我代表我们得旅行社对大家的到来表示热烈的欢迎，我是咱们此次旅行的导游员崔邦峰，大家可以叫我小崔货崔导，相信有小崔的陪同大家一定会玩的开心游得快乐，坐在我身边的是咱们的司机王师傅，王师傅有着多年的驾驶经验和娴熟的驾驶技巧，安全问题大家尽可以放心，我和王师傅很荣幸也很乐意为大家服务，如果大家有什么问题都可以向我们提出我们会尽可能慢走大家的合理要求。 相聚是一种缘分，我希望大家在相聚的日子里相互关心相互爱护，为这段旅程留下一个美好而难忘的回忆。

接下来我把咱们今天的旅程向大家简单介绍一下，现在我们处得位置是郑州火车站，我们跨黄河，穿武陟，过修武 大约有两个小时的行程就到了我们今天的旅游目的地。云台山风景区。

云台山属太行山系，位于焦作市修武县境内，距焦作市30公里，云台山山势险峻，主峰峰峦秀矗，形似一口巨锅，覆盖在群峰之上。因山间常年云雾缭绕儿得名，这里有大小名山36座，峰峦叠嶂，雄奇险峻。自古就是豫北名山，现已建成云台山风景区也是国家级森林公园，和世界地质公园 现在开放的景区有红石峡，茱萸峰，老谭沟，小寨沟，云台山山险水秀气候凉爽宜人，这里泉源丰富，植被茂盛，原始次生林覆盖了整座山峦，各种树木奇花异草种类多达400多种，中药材蕴含丰富，除人参灵芝外，还有闻名国内外的四大怀药，怀地黄，怀牛膝，怀山药，怀菊花。以及茱萸当归等200多种。

朋友们，我们的旅游车已经行驶到了武陟境内，到了武陟就不得不提起黄河了，众所周知，黄河是中华民族的母亲河，同时它又是中华民族的灾难河，上古时代大禹就和黄河进行了不屈不挠的斗争，据史书记载黄河中下游决口竟达1600多次，不到两年黄河就要撒一次欢。从康熙60年到雍正元年黄河在武陟就决口四次，雍正曾在病重期间亲自指挥了黄河的堵口筑坝工作，并派知名匠师遵照当时北京皇宫的标准在黄河岸边营建了一座集宫、衙、庙三位一体的大型黄淮诸河龙王庙-——嘉应观。 嘉应观是我国历史上唯一记述黄史的庙观，也是河南省保存最好规模最大的清代建筑群文化内涵丰富，是黄河文化的代表之一有 万里黄河第一观的”美誉。

好了，朋友们现在我们已经来到了云台山风景区请大家关好车窗，带上自己的随身物品。一起去领略风景宜人的云台山。

各位朋友，大家好!欢迎大家乘坐广之旅自由行直通车，今天，非常荣幸能为大家提供导游服务。首先，在这里代表湛江广之旅旅行社有限公司向大家表示欢迎;欢迎大家前往广东省的省会—广州。关于广州，有很多雅誉和美称，比如：“中国的南大门”、“花城”“羊城”“中国南方最大的海滨城市”等等。这些称呼和慨括都是从不同侧面和角度反映了广州的特色和魅力。广州是全省的政治、经济和科技文化中心，位于广东省的中南部，珠江三角洲的北端，濒临南海，比毗香港与澳门，中国的第三河流珠江从广州市中心穿流而过，地理位置如此优越的广州，被誉为中国通向全世界的“南大门”。广州管辖着10个区和两个县级市。全市的陆地总面积7434.4平方公里，人口约1500万。我想在座的朋友们也不是第一次听说广州，或者在生活工作对广州的风土人情也有所见闻。

广州的特色，有人归纳为：“十大”特点，为了便于大家记忆，用一句话来表达，就是“一都，二城，三特，四地”。

“一都”指广州是着名的商都。由于得天独厚的地理位置和特殊的历史人文因素，广州商业具有悠久的历史和优良的传统。广州自秦汉以来就是我国的古都会。唐代，广州港已经发展到可容纳大小船只近千艘的港口，并开辟一条长达14000公里的由广州通向西方的航线，这是当时世界最长的一条航线。清代，中国设立“十三行”，专门从事对外贸易。清末至民国时期，广州大力引进华侨和外国资本开办商业、洋行、银行。商业和外贸的发展在全国处于领先位置。建国后，被称为中国第一展——中国出口商品交易会一直在广州举行。改革开放以来，广州的商都地位不断提高，商业和综合经济实力移居全国大城市第三位。广州得以改革开放之风，商贸再领风骚，广州货一直是时髦的代名词。朋友到了广州，可以尽情享受和体验广州的“购物天堂”的乐趣和魅力。

“二城”指的是广州是闻名遐迩的古城和花城。广州市一座具有悠久的历史和深厚的文化底蕴的历史文化名城。国务院首批颁布国家级历史名城之一。广州是一座有2800多年历史的古城。而世界历史名城中，除古罗马、雅典等少数城市，巴黎，伦敦，莫斯科等城市均比广州年轻。据史书记载，远在公元前862年即周夷王八年时，聚居在南海之滨的“百越”人和长江中游的楚国人已有来往，特建“楚庭”来纪念这种友谊，这是广州传说最早的名字。公元226年，为了便于统治，孙权将原交州划分为交州和广州两部分，合浦以南为交州，合浦以北为广州，“广州”名由此得来。公元1368年始称“广州府”、1921年成立市政厅、1925年设立广州市。

“三特”是指广州特有的粤语、粤菜、越剧。粤语是我国七大方言之一。大家都知道，普通话有四个音调，而广州话的音调有九个。由于声调的丰富而富于变化。广州话听起来很动听，粤语歌却更有独有魅力，经久不衰。改革开放以来，随着广东，广州经济的快速发展，粤语的地位也越来越重要。当然，更多人学习广州话成为一种工作生活的需要。但是，全国就留i型那个那么一句话：“东南西北中，发财要到广东”。有一年美国国际音乐艾美奖将全球唱片销量最大的个人奖颁发给唱粤语歌的香港四大天王之一的张学友。这意味着，全世界个人音乐唱片销量最大的评语区，既不是全世界最多国家使用的英语，也不是全世界最多人口使用的普通话，而是粤语。由此而知，粤语和粤语歌的流行和影响之大。广州饮食在全国是首屈一指。“食在广州”流传至久，海内外界负有盛名。粤菜是中国四大菜系之一，他最突出的特点是选料广泛、山珍海味、花鸟鱼虫、飞禽走兽、家禽等可成佳肴;不少外省人称：“除了天上的飞机，地上的坦克，四条腿的桌子之外，广东人什么都吃”。

“四地”是指广州是古代海上丝绸之路发祥地。广州凭着自身拥有的海上交通中心优越条件，成为古代海上丝绸之路的发祥地，西汉初年，汉武帝平南越后，即派使者沿着百越民间开辟的航线。从广州出发，带领船队远航印度洋，经东南亚，横越孟加拉湾，到达印度半岛的东南部。抵达锡兰(今斯里兰卡)后返航，这就是知名的海上丝绸之路的始发端。广州的“丝绸之路”不仅促进了广州的经济发展，而且还成为中国近代策源地。广州在1840年第一次战争时，坚决反对英国帝国主义的入侵：到了1851年，广州府花县人洪秀全发动太平天国起义，进行推翻清朝的活动。觉悟了中华儿女，孙中山在这里三次建立革命政权，还有毛主席在这里提出较为系统的中国新民主主义革命思想等等，在中国近代史上发生重大社会政治变革运动，其中心人物及事件的发生，无不与广州发生紧密的联系，广州是名符其实的民主革命策源地。中国人恐怕没人没听过改革开放和唱过的《春天的故事》和《走进新时代》这两首全国流行歌曲。大家知不知道，这两首歌是在广东创造的，反映的也正是小平和_两代领导人所代表的改革开放的新时代。而广州从中国改革开放以来，迄今一直担当着和扮演着策源地，前沿地，实验地的先驱者的重要角色。

阿里山位于阿里山在台湾省嘉义县东北，属于玉山山脉的支脉，由地跨南投、嘉义二县，是大武恋山、尖山、祝山、塔山等十八座山的总称，主峰塔山海拔二千六百多公尺，东面靠近中国台湾最高峰玉山。

阿里山空间距离仅十五公里，但由山下一层一层盘旋绕上山顶的铁路，竟长达七十二公里，连通各森林区的支线，总长度有一千多公里。沿途有八十二条隧道，最长的达一千三百公尺。火车穿过热、亚热、温、寒四带迥异的森林区。通阿里山的铁路可与“阿里四景”(日出、云海、晚霞、森林)合称“五奇”。铁路全长72公里，却由海拔30米上升到2450米，坡度之大举世罕见。火车从山脚登峰，似沿“螺旋梯”盘旋而上，绕山跨谷钻隧洞，鸟雀在火车轮下飞翔。登山途中，从高大挺拔的桉树、椰子树、槟榔树等热带古木，到四季常绿的樟、楠、槠、榉等亚热带阔叶树，再到茂密的红桧、扁柏、亚极和姬松等温带针叶树，到了3000米以上，则是以冷极为主的寒带林了。最有特色的树是阿里山的阿里山神木，不过在民国86年7月1日上午10时5分，1/3已伏于在铁路上，另2/3被撑着。民国87年6月29日已将2/3放倒安息，回归自然。

Badaling this name, when the earliest poet in the jin liu ying long poems in the late badaling, on my computer screen is "and" badaling ". The yuan dynasty, here say "north", and nankou in relative terms. Living in suburb of Beijing ChangPing County from nankou to north mouth, canyon, that grow in the middle is a 40 famous canyon in the Great Wall of juyongguan, therefore this glen was named "gap". The badaling crests of ditch north end of the top.

By named "eight DaLing" homophonic. By cascading mountains in this area, the rugged, built the Great Wall is said to be here to turn eight curved, over eight big mountains, in those days to build the Great Wall is very difficult, time limit for a project has been slow to finish, has eight supervisors to die for it. Finally through the enlightenment of fairy, take "city eight method", namely "tiger with bridle sheep back saddle, the swallow bit mudskipper a shoulder, stone turtle carry a rabbit guide, the magpies bridge ice shop stack", to carry building materials in the mountains. So people would call this period of the Great Wall "eight DaLing Great Wall", then place names homophonic into "badaling".

By named "bada ridge" homophonic. From the yuan dynasty, there was a call to this "bada she walked" emperor, see here the mountain steep, lofty mountain jade green, so much yue, given to the name "bada ridge", after the myth of "badaling". But access to the recorded every emperor, Chinese emperors timelines and other historical materials, all with the yuan dynasty had called "bada she walked" the emperor, but there is a call love bada Li Ba force, his fourth is the yuan dynasty emperor injong. Yanqing county is where he was born in badaling.

By named "the tatar" homophonic. Once rumored in the Ming dynasty, the badaling area to become defensive in the forefront of the manchu troops, hetuvidya han Chinese northeast of the manchu people referred to as "tartars", so some people think that the badaling is "give Tartary (guard) of the mountain of Tartary.

By named "eight ridge" homophonic. Legend of the late Ming dynasty li rate army uprising in to this, they blocked, the article analyzes anxiously. When the qing, said there are eight XianGuan ahead. Article analyzes listen with a sigh: "the eight ridge here is really difficult to cross, storm appears to be no way!" So command uprising army diverted, then here is called the "eight ridge".

More than four is definite no written records, difficult to textual research. In fact the most trusted, should be in "changan guest words" explanation: "road, convenient." Because the badaling is the mouth outside juyongguan, north to yanqing, akagi, Mongolia, west datong, zhangjiakou, shore, xuanhua, east to yongning, universal, south to changping, Beijing and other regions, is convenient, so it is a important traffic arteries and ancient defense outpost, known as the "Beijing north first barrier".

In 1982, the badaling as Beijing badaling - an important part of the Ming tombs scenic areas, by the state council approved the first batch of state-level scenic spot list.

人们常说:不到故宫、长城就等于没去过北京;不到外滩船游浦江、登东方明珠或金茂大厦就等于没去过上海;不长到西湖、宋城就不知杭州的千年风情;那么不到中山陵你就等于白来了一趟南京。大家都是大老远出来旅游的，有的以前也许来过，有的以后可能再来，还有的可能旅游完这一趟以后就不会再来了，所以期望大家能多看一看其中的经典精华少留一些遗憾。

说起中山陵，当然要提到它的主人——伟大的中国民主革命先行者孙中山先生。孙先生本名孙文，字逸仙。因为他在日本从事革命活动时曾用过“中山樵”的化名，所以他在国内被尊称为孙中山先生。孙中山1866年11月12日出生于广东香山县(今中山市)翠亨村的一个农民家庭。他先后求学于檀香山、香港等地，毕业后在广州、澳门等地行医。之后他弃医从政，并于1905年在日本组织中国同盟会，被推举为总理，提出了“驱除按虏，恢复中华，建立民国，平均地权”的著名纲领，及三民主义学说。1911年10月10日武昌起义爆发后，孙先生被十七省代表推举为中华民国临时大总统，并于次年元旦在南京宣誓就职。此后，经历了“袁世凯窃国”“二次革命”“护国运动”“护法运动”等风风雨雨，1921年他在广州就任中华民国十分大总统。在1924年1月广州召开的中国国民政府第一次全国代表大会上，他将旧三民主义发展为新三民主义，提出了“联俄”“联共”“扶助农工”的三大政策。同年11月他应冯玉祥之邀抱病北上讨论国家大计，终因积劳成疾，于1925年3月12日在北京逝世。

中山陵的墓址是孙先生生前选定的。你们也许会问;孙先生出生于广东，逝世在北京，毕生为革命奔波于各地，为什么要选择南京作为自我的长眠之地呢据说，早在1912年孙先生就任临时大总统时，灵谷寺的住持和尚就曾向他推荐过这块“前临平川，后拥青嶂”的风水宝地。当年3月31日，中山先生为求南北和平统一，毅然辞去总统之职。4月初的一天，他与胡汉民等人到明孝陵一带打猎，来到现陵墓所在地休息。孙先生环顾四周，对左右说，我将来死后，想向国民求得这块土地以安葬。当然，紫金山的气势风水还不是孙先生作此决定的根本原因。孙先生临终前嘱咐：“吾死之后，可葬于南京紫金山麓，因南京为临时政府成立之地，所以不忘辛亥革命也。”所以，尽管孙先生在南京停留时间并不长，但南京对于孙先生是具有特殊意义的。他选择南京紫金山为墓址，从根本上说，是为了纪念辛亥革命，激励革命同仁。

中山陵是由年轻建筑师吕彦直设计的钟形图案。于1926年3月12日孙先生逝世一周年之际，举行了奠基典礼。历时3年多，耗资150万银元，中山陵最终在1929年春竣工。令人惋惜的是，建筑师吕彦直在主持建陵过程中，呕心沥血，鞠躬尽瘁，不幸与孙先生一样身患肝癌，在工程临近尾声时病逝，年仅35岁。1929年6月1日举行奉安大典，孙先生的遗体从北京运到南京。从此60余年，孙先生一向长眠在那里。中山陵的建造能够说是南京城建设史上的一件大事。当年为了迎接孙先生灵枢，南京修筑了第一条柏油马路——西起中山码头，东至中山门，长达24里的中山路。直到今日，中山路依然是南京最主要的交通干道之一。同时改造翻修了明代城门朝阳门，并改名为中山门。在中山门到中山陵之间还修筑了一条陵园路。

大家此刻所在的即是中山陵前的半月形广场。请朝南看，广场正南是一座八角形石台。台上那尊双耳三足的紫铜宝鼎，重5000公斤，高4.25米，腹径1.23米，是中山陵纪念性装饰之一。此鼎铸于1933年秋，由广州中山大学全体师生和戴季陶捐赠。鼎一面铸有“智、仁、勇”三个字，是中山大学校训。鼎内竖有一块六角形铜牌，上刻戴母手书《孝经》全文。由广场踏阶而上，迎面是一座四楹三阙门的冲天式石牌坊。这座牌坊建于1931~1933，高12米，宽17.3米。建坊用的都是大块福建花岗岩，但采用的却是中国传统木结构形式。大家抬头能够望见坊额正中金光闪闪的“博爱”两字。这两个字是孙先生的手迹，原出自唐韩愈《原道》“博爱之为仁”一语。据说孙先生生前最爱题这两字送人。孙先生毕生以伟大的博爱精神致力于资产阶级民主革命，为民族的独立自由奋斗不息，能够说“博爱”二字正是对他一生的高度概括和最好写照。

由博爱坊向前走，是一段长480米，宽数十米的墓道。中山陵的整体设计，突出中国的传统风格，庄严肃穆，独具特色。为了体现孙先生的崇高伟大，中山陵沿用了古代依山为陵的惯例，将墓室筑于海拔约160米的全陵最高处。此外，整个陵区的建筑植被讲求中轴对称，更给人以法度庄严之感。请大家向前看，朝北顺坡而上，依次有陵门、碑亭、祭堂和祭堂后的墓室等建筑。而墓道两边的这些雪松、桧柏、银杏、红枫两两相对，代替了古代惯用的石人石兽，象征着孙先生的革命精神和高尚品质。雪松是世界四大观赏树种大一，现已成为南京市的市树。

墓道尽头是平台。根据吕彦直的设计，整个陵墓平面为“木铎”形。铎，就是平常我们说的大铃挡。在古代它是用来宣布政教法令和战争令的。铎的声音宏亮，并且传得很远，有“使天下皆达道”的喻义。陵墓选用这样一个图式，让人不禁想起孙先生“革命尚未成功，同志仍需努力”的名言，其用意也正在警示后人。那里的平台广场就是当年吕彦直设计的”自由之钟”的下缘。这座宏伟的三拱门，是陵区的正式开端。它高16米，宽27米，进深8.8米，也是用福建花岗岩筑成的。中门横额上是孙中山手书“天下为公”，出自《礼记.礼运》中的“大道之行也，天下为公”，意思是说国家政权不是哪一家的天下，而是天下人的天下，老百姓的天下。这是孙先生毕生奋斗的梦想，也是他所倡导的三民主义的极好注解。

过了陵门便是碑亭。亭正中这块9米高的巨碑上，刻有国民政府元老谭延闿手书的“中国国民政府葬总理孙先生于此中华民国十八年六月一日”24个馏金颜体大字。当初讨论立碑时，计划由汪精卫、胡汉民等人分别撰写铭文、墓志铭等。可花了两年时间也没写出来。大家都认为先生的思想功绩是文字所无法概括的、于是索性不写铭文，改用此刻的形式。出碑亭，迎面石阶层层叠叠。南京人常说中山陵的台阶像是卢沟桥的石狮子——数不清。所以来这儿游览的客人常常要问：中山陵究竟有多少级台阶呢各位朋友，大家不妨也来数数看吧。

来到临近顶端的平台，能够看见一对大铜鼎，上刻“奉安大典”字样，是当时上海政府捐赠的。大家仔细看，会发此刻左边那个鼎下头有两个洞。为什么会这样呢原先这是1937年末日军攻占南京时向中山陵炮击造成的，这两个洞就是当时留下的弹洞。如今虽时过境迁，但这两个弹洞仍时时提醒我们莫忘国耻。距此不远的前方还有一对仿古青铜鼎，那是由孙先生的儿子孙科一家敬赠的。

大家登上顶台，由此既可鸟瞰，更宜远眺。置身此间，背倚巍巍钟山，耳听阵阵松涛，更觉伟人的浩然正气与大自然同存。祭堂处在钟山半山腰，从博爱坊到祭堂总共有392级台阶，高差约70米，平面距离700米。如从碑亭数起则有290级台阶。建筑师为避单调，将这392级台阶分作10段，每段1个平台，总计有大小10个平台。更妙的是，从下向上看时一望到顶，石阶连绵不断，不见平台;而各位此刻朝下看时，却反而不见台阶，只见平台了。这392级的数字并非巧合，而是暗喻了当时全中国三亿九千二百万同胞。一路登行，“高山仰止，景行行止”，对中山先生敬仰之情不禁油然而生。

此刻大家应对的就是祭堂和墓室，这是陵墓的主体部分。当年吕彦直督建至此，就因身患绝症而逝，常令后人发出“出师未捷身先死”之叹。祭堂是仿木结构宫殿式建筑，长30米，阔25米，高29米，四周有堡垒式的小建筑物，并有两座高12.6米的华表拱卫。祭堂屋顶为重檐九脊，上覆蓝色琉璃瓦，外墙全用香港花岗岩砌成。祭堂门额上有“民族”“民生”“民权”阳文篆字，这是孙先生从事革命活动最基本最概括的指导思想。居中的“民生”门相上端，又有孙中山手书的“天地正气”四字直额。

请各位跟我进入祭堂。祭堂内部以云南产白黑色大理石铺地。堂内有直径0.8米的黑色石柱12根，四周墙壁下嵌黑色大理石。大家能够看见东西两壁上所刻的孙中山手书《建国大纲》全文。整个祭堂以黑白蓝色为基调，均为中国传统孝色。而镶嵌彩色玻璃的内窗，在阳光照射下却显出另一番西洋风味。如此中西合壁的风格，正与孙先生融贯中西的精神气度相契合。祭堂正中是孙中山着长袍马褂的石刻全身坐像。像高4.6米，底座阔2.1米。这座雕像是当时世界著名的法籍波兰雕刻家保罗.阿林斯基受孙中山葬事委员会之托，用意大利白石雕刻而成，并于1930年从巴黎运至中山陵的，全部造价150万法郎。坐像下四面的6幅浮雕是截取了孙先生从事革命活动的6个片断。它们分别是“如抱赤子”“出国宣传”“商讨革命”“国会授印”“振聋发聩”和“讨袁护国”。

经过祭堂来到墓室。墓门分两道，第一道是两扇美国产的紫铜保险门，门上的门钉和铜环上的神兽(椒图)极富中国传统特色。门楣上刻“浩气长存”横额，取孙中山为黄花岗烈士墓所书手迹。第二道门为独扇铜门，上刻张静江所写“孙中山先生之墓”七个篆字。

墓室是半球形封闭建筑，顶呈西式穹隆状，以马赛克镶成国民政府党徽图案。室内圆形，铺以大理石，直径约18米，高11米，四壁以淡红色大理石贴面。正中的圆形大理石圹，直径4.33米，深1.7米，四周围是1米高的白色大理石栏杆。圹内墓穴上安放着孙先生穿中山装的大理石卧像，这是捷克雕塑家高琪按孙先生的遗体形象所作。孙先生的紫铜棺就安放在卧像下5米左右处。为什么祭堂内的坐像身着长袍马褂，而那里却改穿中山装了呢原先当年国民政府内左右两派矛盾尖锐，以蒋司令为首的右派主张塑像穿长袍马褂;而左派则主张穿中山装。两派意见不合，结果各搞各的，就出现了上述情景。各位朋友，孙先生的遗体究竟是否还在中山陵，这是每一位来那里的游客最关心的问题。事实上，自孙先生逝世后，他的遗体的确是历经磨难。1925年3月12日孙先生逝世时，他的遗体经过防腐处理，暂时被安置在北京香山碧云寺。1926年，被北伐军打败逃到北京的军阀张宗昌，把失败的原因归咎为孙先生的遗体压住了他的风水。于是他打算要焚化遗体。后经爱国将领张学良派兵保护，遗体才得以保存，但已受到空气侵蚀。1929年5月28日灵柩由津浦铁路从北京运抵浦口，6月1日运达中山陵。奉安大典仪式完毕后，即用水泥将灵柩浇入圹中。墓穴用花岗岩垫底，

四周建隔墙，紫铜棺下有一特制楠木垫，棺上有一层密封着的水晶透明板。当年公祭时，站在石圹边，扶栏即可瞻仰中山先生遗容。抗战爆发后，国民政府政府曾准备将遗体运往重庆;解放战争后期，蒋司令又曾想将遗体迁往中国台湾，但由于爆破墓穴势必会损坏遗体，因而受到工程界爱国人士和国民政府左派的极力劝阻，最终使遗体得以安然保存至今。

沿祭堂外广场两侧后壁有一道门，通向墓堡公园。中为墓室宝顶，呈覆钟形。墓堡后墙设有“中山陵建设史料展”，近200幅珍贵历史资料展现了中山陵的建设和中山先生的遗体奉安全过程。

除了陵墓主体建筑外，中山陵周围还有一些纪念性建筑设施。包括藏经楼、音乐台、光化亭、行健亭、仰止亭、流徽榭等等。它们大多是1929年奉安大典后，各界人士和海外侨胞友人捐款修建而成。另外，位于梅花山顶的博爱阁，是一位台湾同胞捐资兴建的，于1993年11月12日孙先生诞辰127周年时落成。

孙中山先生的一生都在为革命事业奉献着。解放后，中山陵受到国家高度重视，1961年被国务院公布为国家级文物保护单位。如今，作为“中国旅游胜地四十佳”之一的中山陵每年接待着来自世界各地的无数炎黄子孙与国际友人。人们怀着对中山先生伟大精神的崇敬与景仰来到那里凭吊拜谒。在两岸统一成为大势所趋、人心所向的今日，应对目前海峡两岸的现状，海内外炎黄子孙都衷心期盼着祖国统一、繁荣昌盛的那一天早日到来。彼时彼刻，倘若孙中山先生泉下有知，必会含笑长眠的。

多谢大家!

天津景点英文导游词

Tianjin is a good choice as a travel destination. With its cool sea breeze and fresh sea air you will definitely feel refreshed. Here are (第一范文网) bring tianjin attractions English commentaries, welcome to enjoy!

一:天津独乐寺英文导游词

Temple of Solitary Joy is located at inside west city gate of Ji County, Tianjin City. It is known for its refined architecture skill in Channels ancient buildings and has got the reputation of Six Best. These are: The earliest Dingshan Gate (Gate of Withstanding Hill) of the ground hall preserved now; The earliest Chiwei object on the Hill Gate preserved now; The earliest plane distribution which took pavilion as the center on the architecture plane; The biggest clay sculptured statue of Avalokiteavara inside a pavilion in China; The Avalokiteavara is also the most ancient high storeyed one; The more precious fact is that the Temple of Solitary Joy has stood unscathed after thousand years of rain, snow, wind and frost and 28 big attacks, hence the most durable ancient Monastery of thousand years.

天津独乐寺

Entering the Temple , the first comes to sight is 10 m high gate, on the arch of which there hangs a horizontal inscribed board: Temple of Solitary Joy. The single eaves ground hall roof was the roof building form during the western Tsin (AD265-316) and Southern and Northern Dyansty (420-589) period, which was called Siadading in ancient time and now it is called big roof. On the two ends of the plane ridge, there are inward Chiweis. Chi denoted sparrow hawk in ancient time, which is a kind of fierce bird. The stand base of the gate is comparatively low, but the hall pinnacle is much higher above eaves and the pottery animal figures look sturdy; solemn and sturdy. There is no ceiling inside the pinnacle, therefor the painted beam and purlieus are visible. The whole piece is exquisitely wrought, simple arranged and skillfully done, for which people gasp in administration.

Crossing the gate, one comes to the core building - Avalokitesvara Pavilion, 23 m in height. Form outside appearance, it is two storeyed, but inside there is a hidden storey, thus three storeyed in fact. On the eaves corners, pottery unicorns are sculptured, on which little Buddha statues ride. Copper bells are hung under eaves corners, swaying with the wind, a specially refined scene. The most attractive thing is the structure of Dougong (sets of brackets on top of the columns supporting the beams within and roof eaves without——each set consisting of tiers of outstretching arms called Gong, cushioned with trapezoidal blocks called Dou). It is made of overlapping Dougong shaped wood blocks and bow shaped horizontal wood bars by adopting 24 forms with each layer stretching out as bracket, big in upper part and small in lower part, thinly scattered, steady and sturdy. It makes eaves of the pavilion look like flying, far and deep in the sky, a beautiful and magnificent view.

Entering the Avalokitesvara Pavilion, the very sight is a huge standing Avalokitesvara Statue. If one stands by it, his height is only up to her ankle. The Statue, 16.27 m in height, is the biggest clay sculpture of Avalokitesvara in China. Two statues of attendant Bodhisattvas under the knee of Avalokitesvara are also 3 m in height. On the crown of the head of Avalokitesvara, there are 10 small Avalokitesvares heads, hence it is called 11 faces Avalokitesvara. Reviewing around the inner part of the pavilion, one can discover that pillars of high and low storeys are not directly linked through, but the pillars of the upper storey are inserted into the arch head of that of lower storey. The upper storey of the pavilion is in a form of six corners empty well, while the lower storey is in a form of square empty well. This kind of structure is not only beautiful and strong, but also adds the space of the upper part of Budha statues. On the four walls inside the pavilion, colorful murals are painted, the theme of which is the images of 16 Arhats and 2 Ming Dynasty Emperors, which are the earliest subjects of Buddhism. On he murals, 2 m high Arhats with 3 heads and 4 arms are extremely lifelike and Ming Emperors on the four walls are full of power and grandeur. On the upper part of the murals, there are mountains, forest, cloud and river, while on the lower part, there are paintings of secular themes with vivid and natural lines, which embody the superb the skill and arts of painting of ancient Buddhism in China.

二:天津英文导游词

Tianjin is a good choice as a travel destination. With its cool sea breeze and fresh sea air you will definitely feel refreshed. Historical relics, natural scenery, temples, churches, assembly halls and commemorative sites of the Chinese revolution will illuminate Tianjins past, present and future. Tianjin is honored as Building Museum as it was occupied by nine imperial powers before the founding of the new China, leaving behind many buildings with extraordinary and exotic architectural styles, a real feast for the eye! In the following text let me give you a brief introduction to the Jinmen Shijing (top ten scenic attractions in Tianjin).

Huangyaguan Great Wall :

Located in the mountainous area of Tianjins northern Ji County, the Huangyaguan Great Wall was first built during the Northern Qi Dynasty (550 - 557) and repaired in large scale with bricks during the Ming Dynasty (1368 - 1644). When appointed as the chief commanding officer in the Ji Garrison (one of the eleven garrisons of the Ming Dynasty), Qi Jiguang added watch towers and other defensive works.

The Huangyaguan Great Wall comes out first in the ten most-visited sites in Tianjin. It is considered to be a miniature of the Great Wall. The entire section is built on an abrupt mountain ridge. Being endowed with both natural beauty and cultural interest, it has become famous as a natural beauty spot and a summer resort. The major scenic area is composed of Huangyaguan Pass and Taiping Mountain Stronghold.

Huangyaguan Pass: In 1984, the people of Tianjin spent three years repairing 3,308 yards of the main wall from Banlagang Mountain in the east to Wangmaoding Mountain in the west. They restored 20 terraces, the Huangyaguan Water Gate, and the Bagua Castle (the Eight Diagrams Castle). The defensive system of the wall is complete. Watch towers, frontier cities, drain holes, emplacements, barracks and other indispensable military facilities are arranged orderly along the wall. Besides, the stele forests of the Great Wall, Beiji Temple, the exhibition hall of famous couplets, the Great Wall Museum (the first museum along the Great Wall) and the Phoenix Fortress have been newly built within the area.

Taipingzhai Great Wall :

Six miles southeast of Huangyaguan Pass is the Taipingzhai Great Wall, another important mountain stronghold of the wall during the Ming Dynasty (1368 - 1644). It is also called Taipinganzhai, meaning "a village of peace and prosperity". Starting from Banlagang Mountain in the east and arriving at Guafu Tower (Widow Tower) in the west, it winds through the precipitous mountains for about 955 yards.

The wall is an important component of Huangyaguan Great Wall. There are six watch towers, one battlement, and one shortcut leading to the wall. The architectural styles of the military towers vary considerably. There are square, round, solid and hollow towers, with some inside and others outside the wall. Beside the shortcut, there is a small citadel where an 8.5-meter statue of Qi Jiguang, the chief commanding officer of Ji Garrison (one of the eleven garrisons in the Ming Dynasty) is located. The local people built this statue in order to commemorate his great contribution to frontier peace and stability in that period. To the west of the citadel, a section of the wall extends 33 yards out to where a sentry post was situated.

At the western end of the wall is a square stone tower called Guafu Tower, "Widow Tower" in English, built by twelve wives whose husbands died during the construction of the wall in the Ming Dynasty. The widows erected this tower to commemorate their husbands notable exploits. The tower has two levels and measures 13-meters (14-yards) high. Arched arrow windows are on the four sides of the tower.

Besides these cultural points of interest, Taipingzhai Great Wall is also famous for its amazingly impressive scenery. Zigzagging along the mountain ridge for over 984 yards, the wall looks very much like a giant dragon flying through clouds.

Mt. Panshan Scenic Area :

Covering an area of 106 square kilometers (about 26193 acres), Mt. Panshan Scenic Area is located in Jixian County, 110 kilometers (68.4 miles) away from Tianjin, 88 kilometers (54.7 miles) away from Beijing. As the name suggests, the scenic area is mainly Mt Panshan–oriented. Endowed with natural beauty and a historical heritage, Mt Panshan is known as The First Mountain East of Beijing and is listed as one of the top fifteen mountains in China.

The mountain acquired its present name, early in the Eastern Han (25-220). Taizong , the second emperor of the Tang Dynasty (618-907), was prodigal of his praise of its scenery on his chance visit when he led the army in a campaign. Seventy-two temples, thirteen pagodas and numerous Xanadus and towers were built on the mountain in the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) and the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). Qianlong, a brilliant and wise Qing Dynasty emperor was so impressed that he made thirty or so visits and wrote 1366 poems to express his admiration of the area. In the first half of the twentieth century, the whole resort all fell to ruin due to hostilities and neglect. It has undergone a process of restoration since the 1990s and is now regaining its fame.

It is famous for jade pine trees, strange and astonishing peaks, clear waters, grotesquely shaped rocks and clusters of ancient temples. On the mountaintop, numerous pines hide the sky from view and block out the sunshine. Rugged rocks in a variety of shapes, some of which resemble a toad, a general or a boa, will greet you in the middle of the mountain. At its foot, clear water splashes on the rocks. The mountain consists of five peaks, with the main one, Guayue (Moon Hanging) Peak. Although Guayue Peak is only 857 meters (2811.7 feet) above sea level, to the north it is possible to see a section of the Great Wall while to the west Mt Taihang can be seen.

From the Wei State during the Three Kingdoms Period (220-280) onwards, emperors enthusiastically commissioned the building of temples, towers and Xanadus resulting in over 160 such sites. There are four main temples: Tiancheng Temple (God Proposing Temple), Yunzhao Temple (Cloud-Hiding Temple), Wanfo Temple (Ten Thousand-Buddha Temple) and Wansong Temple (Ten Thousand-Pine Temple). Tiancheng Temple built in the Tang Dynasty, was enlarged and repaired in the Ming and the Qing dynasties. To the east of this temple stands the Ancient Dagoba. As the biggest tower in this mountain, it has thirteen floors. The roof of the Yunzhao Temple was a golden yellow, a color that normally was only allowed to be used on imperial buildings. By granting permission for this, Emperor Qianlong demonstrated his approval and admiration of the mountain. Wanfo Temple (Ten Thousand-Buddha Temple) has 10,960 small Buddhas statues.

大家好!我是英俊、帅气的王导游。今天，我要带领各位参观福州教育学院第一附属小学。

看，校门口的保安叔叔是多么威武尽职，每天保卫着我们的安全。抬头看，校门口上方横幅上写着“进了一附门，我是一附人”。每天进校门看到这幅标语，我就提醒自己要好好学习，天天向上，为一附小争光。

走进大门，小操场出现在我们眼前。小操场的中央，有一位将近百岁的榕树“爷爷”。这棵榕树有五层楼那么高，枝干多得不可计数，树叶是多么翠绿，阳光像温柔的小精灵一样，在绿叶上跳跃着，闪闪发光。据林珊老师说，这棵树是我们学校一个退休老教师种的，这位老教师今年已经104岁了，非常健康开朗，前几天还回到一附小与老师同学们相聚一堂呢。树下有一个石碑，刻着“百年树人”4个红色大字。

环抱着小操场的是高大的教学楼，教学楼的外墙是用红方砖加上黄方砖的结合拼成的，正对着校门的外墙上有一个电子屏，上面滚动播放学校的新闻。

教学楼内普通教室有36间，还有音乐教室、科学教室、电脑教室等专用教室。特别值得一提的是教学楼楼顶上，有一个能让我们参加劳动实践的地方——种植园和能源屋，每到科学课与实践课，我们就在这里体验劳动的乐趣，增长智慧。

让我们把目光再投向教学楼一楼的两个门厅。一个是阅读吧，是我们的“阅读天地”。每次我来到这里翻阅课外读物，都会收获一些新的知识。我的好奇心在这里不断得到满足，我很喜欢这里。第二个门厅载满学校荣誉，厅的左边是“荣誉墙”，摆着学校获得的奖状。这么多的奖状，每张都沉甸甸的，我为我的学校感到无比自豪。右边的“教师风采栏”里有我们漂亮可亲的林老师，有美丽开朗的刘老师，有教了我们3年的黄老师……我衷心祝福亲爱的老师们永远美丽。

穿过这个门厅，来到了大操场。操场左右两边的大榕树像军人一样，笔直笔直的，守卫着操场。来到了操场回头远观教学楼，挂在楼墙上的“求知、求真、求健、求美”的字样映入眼帘，那是我们的校风。“求知”要求我们认真学习，增长智慧;“求健”要求我们每天锻炼一小时，健康快乐一辈子;“求真”要求我们要有求真的科学态度;“求美”则要求我们外表美、心灵美……

尊敬的游客们，欢迎大家乘坐秦兵马俑的专车。我是你们的导游。下面我为你们介绍一下秦兵马俑。

秦兵马俑在我国的临潼挖掘出土，它举世无双，是享誉世界的珍贵历史文物。秦兵马俑是怎么挖掘出来的呢?我来告诉你吧。从前有几个农民相邀一起去打水，然后他们发现那口井下有一条隧道，他们沿那条隧道走下去，就发现了秦兵马俑。

秦兵马俑的规模宏大，目前发现了三个俑坑，总和大约20190平方米，在三个俑坑中，一号俑坑最大，已经占了14260平方米，远看一号俑坑，坑里的兵马俑一行行，一看就知道是所向披靡的大军。

秦兵马俑不仅规模宏大，而且类型众多，个性鲜明。秦兵马俑里有将军俑、武士俑、骑兵俑、马俑等等。将军俑身材魁梧，身披铠甲。将军俑总是威风凛凛，好像凯旋归来的样子。

剩下的我就不说了，请大家细细游赏。

各位团友：

正果佛岩是增城八景之一，今天我们参观的景点是名扬四海，饮誉九州的正果佛爷寺。宾公佛法力无边，但凡有求者，感应灵异，皆有明徵。希望大家在参观过程中都得到佛光庇佑。

现在先向大家介绍一下余宾公生平事迹。余宾公，增城金牛都香浦塘(今正果镇番丰)人，出生于宋景祐二年(1003年)，出生时跪地双掌合什，朝天礼拜。及长为避瘟疫迁到今成佛岩(距寺约三公里处瑞山)山下，给人放牛，八岁到名山寺出家，苦练修行，功德圆满，修成正果，得道成佛。当地绅民称其为"牛仔佛"、"宾公佛"。金牛都因宾公坐地成佛，得道升天，以成正果，改名为正果墟。当时名流彭序

曾写下楹联"正是敕封昭显佛，果然圣寿得施神。"为纪念宾佛，乡民将其真身塑像建寺祀之，每年农历五月初九定为佛爷诞，并举行龙船会、成佛岩洗浴日等活动，形成一套独具特色的民俗风情。

宾公生佛，圣迹昭彰，功德及民。传说明朝一位黄家媳妇带着小儿跟随乡亲去拜牛仔佛，船行至半路，突然狂风骤起，将小孩卷入江中。黄家媳妇伤心至极，到了正果寺，在宾公佛面前连求三签，都是上上签，说小孩已在佛爷护送下，平安回到家了。黄家媳妇半信半疑，回到家中，果见小儿躺在床上安然入睡，不禁喜上眉梢，大感宾公佛法力无边。光绪三年，洪水泛滥成灾，堤围岌岌可危，乡民祈宾公佛庇佑，宾公大显神通，化身乡民率打宾公旗帜，抢险救堤，洪水顿时消退，转危为安。宾公屡昭圣异，乡民感恩，所以寺院塑造三尊行佛，每逢佛爷诞或流行灾疫，均接宾公行佛巡乡，以求镇妖驱邪。

正果寺历史悠久，自宾公开座以来，历祀宋、元、明等朝代，乃至民国，相沿至今，超过九百年。慕名前来瞻仰宾佛的名人有：南宋抗元名将文天祥、陆秀夫、明朝海瑞、国父孙中山、国民党总裁蒋介石以及我们敬爱的朱德委员长等。由此可见宾公生佛誉满神州。

各位团友，正果寺到了，请大家下车参观声名显赫的宾公生佛。

【牌坊前】

大家眼前的石牌坊由琢磨过的青石精雕细刻而成，工艺堪称一绝。牌坊上"敕封昭显"、"旷典"、"殊恩"、"龙章"、"凤诏"为当年清光绪皇帝御笔亲书。解放前，尽管久晴不雨，牌坊上每隔十五分钟便有一滴晶莹的小水点滴下来，神奇莫测，令昔日的游人香客赞叹不已。为什么牌坊题字要皇帝御笔亲书呢?相传在咸丰四年，匪寇攻陷县城，乡民打着宾公旗帜，集众抗匪，收复县城。光绪六年，皇帝降旨，敕加封号，造"敕封昭显"石牌坊。

【正果寺】

通过牌坊左转，拾级而上，映入眼帘的是正果寺。正果寺，建于南宋庆元三年(1193年)，明朝成化年间重建，经历清嘉庆二十二年、光绪三年两次重修，现保存建筑面积750平方米，是一座三进三栋，抬梁式、硬山顶、歇山顶兼并的古建筑物。

正果寺最大的特点是精湛的建筑装饰艺术，整座建筑古色古香，巍峨壮丽，尤以三托："莲花托、燕子托、龙凤托";三雕"石雕、木雕、浮雕"著称于世，充分体现了明清时代岭南民间古建筑艺术的风格特点。

请各位往上看，整座建筑装饰得最华丽，最引人注目的是屋顶脊饰。脊饰在明亮的蓝天衬托下，色彩斑斓，富丽堂皇，具有浓烈的民间艺术韵味。你们看，那蹲伏在屋沿垂脊上一对陶塑狮子，全身青绿色，大眼圆睁，张口翘尾，就像要凌空而下，气势雄伟。把狮子装饰放在垂脊上，带有避邪保平安的寓意。屋顶正中的横脊上，有以唐僧四师徒西方取经为故事体裁的脊饰。这种独特的装饰，广东人称为花脊。花脊分上下两层，下层以石雕做脊基，上层为二龙戏珠的陶塑。现在请跟我入寺参观。

【前进山门】

山门左右两边供奉的是佛教中的护法神将──四大天王，在《封神榜》里，他们又叫四大金刚，根据他们所执的法器，各有不同的寓意。右边执剑的是南方增长天王，代表风(锋);弹琵琶的是东方持国天王，代表调。左边执伞的是北方多闻天王，代表雨;捉蛇的是西方广目天王，代表顺。四大天王就代表风调雨顺。大家看正面的屏风上的四幅板刻，由右至左分别记载了宾公佛的生平事迹。

【大雄宝殿前】

绕过屏风，往里走，见到的就是大雄宝殿。大雄宝殿建于康熙五十四年，殿前东边的钟楼，西边的鼓楼，即所谓晨钟暮鼓，现已撤消了，钟、鼓移入殿内，待会儿大家进殿就会看到。大雄宝殿右边是蛇盘神龟雕像，左边是观音阁。

大家知道殿内供奉的是什么佛吗?请看这些挂幡就知道了。释伽牟尼佛是古印度净饭王太子，观世人之生、老、病、死诸苦，就出家修行，寻找解脱之道。经六年苦行后，坐在菩提树下，开悟成佛，终于认识了人生宇宙的真谛，找到了由生死此岸到解脱彼岸的道路。你们看两旁的对联：要识今世兴衰当问先人作事，欲知后来祸福须思自己行为。对联意义深刻，告诫人们要静思己过，乐善好施。大殿两边墙壁上有彩色泥塑十八罗汉象，形态栩栩如生，无一相同。十八罗汉是由佛的xx大弟子，后人加上后世二尊演变而成。

【宾公生佛】

穿过大雄宝殿，第三进供奉的是宾公生佛。宾公生佛以肉身装塑而成。那么如何保存这真身不腐呢?他不同于埃及的木乃伊，也不是医学上的干尸和蜡尸，而是先把尸体弄成盘膝而坐的姿势，背后撑铁条，然后用掺加了五香粉的福州漆，在尸身上反复扫抹几十层，使尸体有一层厚约5、6毫米的漆壳。全尸身仅在下部留一个孔。再把漆好的尸身放在装满生石灰的大缸上。数年之后，尸体肌肉腐坏，尸水由下部小孔排出，漆壳内便剩下一架骨头，这便是"真身"了。宾公生佛是有求必应的，大家留意到门前的对联没有?证得菩提心有路，果真佛法力无边。因此，大家在参拜过程中，心诚则灵。

【蛇盘神龟雕像】

走出佛爷殿，我们参观蛇盘神龟雕塑。相传，龟蛇相会，是千年难遇的吉祥征兆。

【观音阁】

供奉的是东海观音。东海观音与南海观音有什么区别呢?南海观音手持净瓶以杨柳枝将甘露洒向人间。而我们面前的东海观音右手呈"观自在"的手势，左手净瓶瓶口响下，代表收水，表示收集甘露以惠泽生灵。观音左右两边的是善哉龙女。大家猜观音是男还是女?其实观音是男的，因为观音以慈悲为怀，经常化身为女子，普渡众生，因此民间的观音大都是女的装扮。

各位团友，正果寺的参观到此结束，多谢大家一路上对我工作的支持。

颐和园英文导游词

good morning ladies and gentlemen:

my name is . i’m very honored to be youre guide. i do hope all of you could like my guiding and enjoy everything on your pleasant day. this morning we are going to visit the summer palace. the summer palace is located on the northwest suburbs of beijing, about 20 kilometers away from the center of the city. so it will take us about 1 hour to get there. before we arrived at the summer palace, i would like to introduce you a brief introduction of the woderful imperial garden. the summer palace is the most beautiful and the largest imperial garden existing in chinan, and it is the best-preserved imperial garden in the world. in 1998, it was placed on the list of world cultural heritage by the unesco.

the summer palace was first built as an imperial garden at the beginning of 12th century in the jin dynasty. the construction continued to the yuan and ming dynasties. in the qing dynasty, the building of imperial gardens reached its culmination. during emperor qianlong’s reign, the famous ‘three hills and five gardens’ were built on the northwest suburbs of beijing. the summer palace was a part of it and at that time was called the garden of clear ripples. in 1860, the anglo-french allied forces invaded beijing. the ‘three hills and five gardens’ were burnt down to ashes.

in 1888, the empress dowager cixi spent the navy fund having the garden of clear ripples rebuilt. and then she renamed it the garden of nurtured harmony (summer palace).

in 1900, the allied forces of eight powers invaded beijing. the summer palace was once again severely damaged. it was rebuilt again in 1902.

in 1924, the last emperor puyi was driven out of the palace, after that, the summer palace was turned into a public park.

ladies and gentlemen, please look over there, in front of us is an archway. it is called “emptiness and the collection of excellence”, and it is the first scenery of the summer palace. the two chinese words on the front side of the archway mean emptiness and refer to everything in nature and in the scenery. the two words on the back side mean collection of excellence and refer to the tranquility of the beautiful scenery just within the garden.

(outside the east palace gate)

now, we have arrived at the east palace gate. it’s the main entrance of the summer palace. on top of the gate there is a plaque with three chinese characters ‘the summer palace’ in emperor guangxu’s handwriting. the gate that we are now entering was used by the emperor, the empress only in the old days.

(inside the east palace gate)

now we are inside the summer palace. in front of us is the second gate of the summer palace— the gate of benevolence and longevity. the annex halls on both sides were used for officials on duty and the offices of the privy council. well, before we start our tour in the garden, i will briefly introduce you the layout of the summer palace and our tour route. o.k., ladies and gentlemen, may i have your attention please? let’s look at the map together, from it we can see the summer palace covers an area of 290 hectares, which the lake occupies the three-fourths. the whole garden can be divide into three parts: the area was for political activities, resting places of the emperor and empress, and sightseeing areas. our tour will start from the area of the political activities, and end off the marble boat. on the way, we will visit the main constructions of the summer palace, such as the hall of jade ripples, the hall of happiness and longevity, the long corridor, the hall of dispelling clouds and so on. it will take us about two hours to visit the summer palace. please attention, we won’t walk back and our driver will pick us up at the north gate. should you get lost or separated from the group, please meet us at the north gate.

ok, everyone, let’s start our tour from the emperors’ office --- the hall of benevolence and longevity. follow me please.

(inside the courtyard of the benevolence and longevity)

passing through the gate of benevolence and longevity, we have already entered the courtyard of the hall of benevolence and longevity. the huge rock in front of us is taihu rock. it was quarried from taihu lake in jiangsu province, so it was known as taihu rock. please look around the courtyard and you can see there are four grotesque shaped rocks placed in each corner of this courtyard, representing the four seasons of the year. the taihu rocks are usually used as decoration for beautifying gardens and they are thin, crease, leak and penetration in characters.

the bronze mythical animal behind the taihu rock is known as suanni or some people call it qilin. according to ancient chinese mythology, the dragon had nine sons, but none of them became a real dragon. suanni was one of the nine sons of the dragon. it was an auspicious animal that could avoid evil spirits in ancient lengeds. suanni has the head of dragon, the antlers of dear, the hooves of ox and the tail of lion.

(in front of the hall of benevolence and longevity)

this grand hall is the hall of benevolence and longevity. it was first built in 1750. the name of this hall taken from a book entitled ‘lun yu’ by confucius doctrine means, “ those who are benevolent can enjoy a long life.” this hall was the place where emperor guangxu and empress dowager cixi held audience and handled state affairs when they were in the summer palace. for protecting the historical cultural relic, we couldn’t enter the hall. so i would like to briefly introduce you the decorations in the hall of benevolence and longevity. the arrangement of the hall has been left untouched. in the middle of the hall stands an emperor’s throne carved with nine dragons on design. there are two big fans on both sides behind the throne which are made of peacock feathers. behind the throne there is a big screen with red sandalwood frame and glass mirror inlaid. on the mirror there are 226 chinese characters of the word ‘longevity’ written in different styles. there are two scrolls on each side of the wall with a big chinese character ‘longevity’ written on it. it was said that the word ‘longevity’ written by empress dowager cixi. there are 100 bats painted at the background of the scroll symbolizing happiness.

well, please look up the two pairs of incense burners in the shape of a dragon and a phoenix in front of the hall. they were used to burn incense sticks to create the appropriate atmosphere. in the old days, the dragon and phoenix were the symbol of the emperor and empress. according to ritual, the dragons should be placed in the center while phoenixes were to either side in front of the hall.however, here, the dragons are off to the sides and the phoenixes are in the middle. this was a product of the end of qing dynasty when empress dowager cixi handled state affairs behind the screen.

(at the entrance of garden of virtuour harmony)

we are now visiting the garden of virtuous harmony, where emperor qianlong and empress dowager cixi were entertained with bejing opera performances. it mainly consists of the dressing house, the grand theater building and the hall of pleasure smile. the grand theater building was known as the ‘cradle of beijing opera’ was uniquely laid out and magnificently decorated. there are 7 exhibition halls with articles of daily use on display here.

(in front of the grand theater building)

this is the grand theater building. of the three main theater buildings of the qing dynasty, the grand theater building is the tallest and largest one. the other two are changyin pavilion in the forbidden city and qingyin pavilion in the mountain resort in chengde. the grand theater building, a three-storied structure, has a double roof with upturned eaves. it is 21 meters high and 17 meters wide. performances could be staged simultaneously on three levels. the top one was a symbol of happiness, the middle level was emolument level and the bottom stage was named longevity stage. each level has the entrance and the exit. there are some trapdoors in the ceiling and below the floor for ‘celestial being’ to fly down from the sky and the ‘devils’ to appear from the earth to set off a certain atmosphere on the stage. there is also a well and five ponds built under the stage for a good effect of water scenes. the stage is open to three sides.

well, please look at the construction that stands right opposite the grand theater building, it’s the hall of pleasure smile. the empress dowager cixi used bo sit inside the hall to watch and enjoy the peking opera.

(a lakeside walk from the garden of virtuous harmony to the hall of jade ripples)

we are now standing in the middle of a rockery behind the hall of benevolence and longevity. it appears that there’s nothing special ahead. however, after we clear the rockery, we will reach kunming lake. this is an application of a specific style of chinese

gardening.

now, we are walking along the bank of the kunming lake. look over there, not far away in the lake there is an islet. it’s called the spring heralding islet. the pavilion on the islet is called the spring heralding pavilion. a number of willow trees and peach trees were planted on this islet. in early spring, when the ice begins to melt, peach trees are red in pink blossoms, willow trees turn a tender green signaling that the early spring has returned. hence the name ‘heralding sping pavilion’.

(in front of the hall of jade ripples)

this group of special and quiet courtyard dwellings is the hall of jade ripples. the words “jade ripples” came from a verse “gentle ripples gushing out of jade spring”, which refers to the rippling water in the lake. it was first used by emperor qianlong to attend to state affairs. in the late qing dynasty, it was where emperor guangxu was put under house arrest.

this hall is a hallmark of the movement of 1898. emperor guangxu was emperor dowager cixi’s nephew. after emperor tongzhi died, emperor dowager cixi made her nephew, who was at that time four years old a successor in order to continue her hold on imperial power. she ‘handled state affairs behind the screen’. after emperor guangxu ‘managed state affairs personally’ at the age of 19, a political conflict occurred between the conservatives and the reformers. in 1898, the reform movement took place with the aim of sustaining the core principles of the qing dynasty while reforming outdated laws. the movement lasted for103 days until it was suppressed by empress dowager cixi. it was called the ‘hundred-day reform’. after the reform failed, emperor guangxu was put under house arrest here. for the strict control of him, empress dowager cixi ordered to build many brick walls in the front, back, and on the right and left of the hall of jade ripples. at that time the hall was entirely sealed up, just like a prison. today only the hidden walls in the east and west annex room still maintain its original appearance. it is open to visitors as the relic related to the 1898 reform movement.

(in front of the chamber of collecting books)

this is the chamber of collecting books. in chinese, it’s called “yi yun guang”. “yun” was a kind of fragrant weed. in ancient times, it was usually used as termite repellent in rooms where books were stored.in the emperor qianlong’s reign, the purpose of the hall was for collecting books. later it was converted into a residence. there used to be the residence of guangxu’s empress longyu, and his favorite concubine zhenfei.

(in the hall of happiness and longevity)

this group of courtyard is the hall of happiness and longevity. it was the major architectural structure in the living quarters and the residence of empress dowager cixi. the whole compound was basically made of wood, which is ideal for ventilation and lighting. with its quiet and tasteful layout, the hall of happiness and longevity made life very easy and convenient. in front of the hall of happiness and longevity there is a huge rock placed in the middle of this courtyard named “qing zhi xiu” and nicknamed as “family bankruptcy rock”. this huge rock was discovered in fangshan district by a ming official mi wanzhong. he wanted to transport it to his own garden “shaoyuan”. in the old days, transporting such rock was very difficult. after spending all his money to ship it, he still could not succeed in doing this. the big rock was then left on the roadside somewhere near liangxiang county, 30 kilometers southwest of beijing. hence it was nicknamed “family bancruptcy rock”. later emperor qianlong discovered it and transported to the garden of clear ripples and laid in front of the hall of happiness and longevity. the colorful glass chandeliers hanging inside the hall was introduced from germany in 1903. it is one of the earliest electric lights in china.

(in front of the gate of inviting the moon of the long corridor)

ladies and gentlemen, you may have visited some of the best museums in the world, such as the louvre in france and the museum of great britain. now i will show you a special gallery in the palace—the long corridor. in 1990, the long corridor was listed in the guinness book of world records as ‘the longest painted corridor’ in the world’. it would be a pity if we leave the summer palace without visiting the long corridor and the marble boat. now, here we go, the long corridor first!

(strolling along the long corridor)

the long corridor starts from the gate inviting the moon to the shizhang gate. it is 728 meters long and consists of 273 sections. the long corridor is one of the major structures of the summer palace. since the corridor was designed to follow the physical features of the southern slope of longevity hill, four multiple-eaved, octagonal pavilions ( retaining the goodness pavilion, living with the ripples pavilion, autumn water pavilion, clear and far pavilion) were placed at bends and undulation, they represent four seaons of a year. thus visitors will hardly notice the rise and fall of the terrain. as a major part of the architectural style of the summer palace, the long corridor serves as an ingenious connector between the lake and the hill. scattered buildings on the southern slope were linked to create a unified complex.

the long corridor is the longest covered veranda in any chinese garden. on the purlins and beams of the covered veranda, there are over 14,000 suzhou style paintings. among them, there are 546 color paintings relating to the scenes of west lake in hangzhou, zhejiang province. beside the colorful paintings of natural scenery, there are also scenes of flowers, birds, fish, insects, mythology and figures. the paintings of figures are mainly adapted from ancient chinese classical literature, such as ‘pilgrimage to the west’, ‘the romance of the three kingdoms’, ‘the western chamber’, “water margin’, and ‘the dream of the red mansion’.

(in front of the gate of dispelling clouds)

now we are approaching the central part of the structures on the lakeside slope, the tower of buddhist incense within the hall of dispelling clouds. the central axis line starts from the wharf next to the lake to the sea of wisdom on top of the hill. the main architectural structures here are the gate of dispelling clouds, hall of dispelling clouds, tower of buddhist incense and the sea of wisdom, which altogether form a splendid three-dimensional landscape. the layout of this group of architectures was based on scenes described in buddhist sutras. this group of structures are among the most magnificently constructed here in the summer palace. this is a good place to taking photos, we will stay here for about 15 minutes.

now we are walking continuely along the long corridor, the next scene we are going to visit is marble boat.

look over there! halfway up the slope there stands the hall of listening to orioles. it was the place for emperor and empress to enjoy opera and court music. it is said the singing of orioles is very pleasing. before the garden of virtuous harmony was built, empress dowager cixi enjoyed opera and music here. now the hall is one of the most famous restaurants in china, featuring imperial dishes and desserts.

this is the famous marble boat. a famous scientist of china’s eastern han dynasty once said, “water can float the boat, but it can also tip it over.” a prime minister of tang dynasty wei zheng once used these words to persuade li shimin, the emperor of the tang dynasty. he said people are water and the emperor is the boat. people can support a good emperor. however, they also can overthrow the dynasty. emperor qianlong built this huge boat in the garden in order to make the allusion concrete. on one hand, emperor qianlong encouraged himself to run the country well. on the other hand, he wanted to show that his rule of the qing dynasty was as firm as the marble boat and there was no fear of overturning the boat. the marble boat was the place for emperor qianlong to sample tea and enjoy the scenery of kunming lake. emperor qianlong once came here to engage in the freeing of captive animals. in the times of qianlong, the marble boat was a chinese styled stone boat with a chinese style wooden superstructure on the top of it. when it was rebuilt in the times of guangxu, a foreign and chinese elements mixed resulting in two wheels to be added to the boat, one on each side. the floor was paved with colored bricks. all of the windows were inlaid with multiple-colored glass. a big mirror was installed on the superstructure for viewing rain.

our tour is drawing to a close after we visited the marble boat. today we only visited the major scenic spots of the summer palace. i have left other spots of interest for your next visit. i will now show you out through the ruyi gate. our coach is waiting for us outside the gate. i do hope you enjoyed today’s tour. thank you.

朋友们，位于三亚市西南端鹿回头半岛上，是三亚市的标志性景区。这里三面环海，一面毗邻三亚市区，是登高望海与观赏日出日落的理想之地，也是俯视三亚市区全景的制高点，海拔达285米。站在公园高处俯瞰，三亚市区可尽收眼底。公园夜间仍向游人开放。盛夏的夜晚游人到此，面对海上渔火，乘风纳凉，观赏三亚夜景，自有一番快意在心头。

鹿回头岭是海南最具浪漫色彩的地方。海南的山岭有叫牛岭、马岭、狗岭的，为什么这里叫鹿回头呢?这里面有一段美丽的神话故事。

非常久以前，在五指山区有一位勤劳勇敢、热心助人的黎族青年猎手。一天上山打猎，发现一只色彩斑斓的坡鹿。于是他紧迫不舍，翻过九十九座山，涉过九十九条河，追了九天九夜，一直追到这座公园所在的海边山崖上。山巅之下便是茫茫大海，再无去路。正当青年猎手张弓搭箭之际，只见眼前火光一闪，烟雾腾空，坡鹿回头化为美丽温柔的黎家少女。原来，天上的仙女看中了这位青年猎手的好人品，在三亚海边寻找到一个好去处，有意将青年猎手引来。仙女与青年猎手结成夫妻，在此繁衍生息，形成一个村寨。此后，因为这个美丽动人的传说，人们将这里的半岛、山岭与村寨都名之以"鹿回头"，公园也以此命名。三亚由此而获得"鹿城"的别称。

现在让我们走上公园的最高处，观赏富有艺术魅力的鹿回头雕塑，它是三亚市的城雕。这座反映仙女与青年猎手爱情故事的雕塑，连底座高15米，由广东著名的"五羊城"雕塑作者、雕塑家林毓豪先生花了四年心血精心完成。在一头回眸凝望的坡鹿两侧，分立着仙女与青年猎手。仙女窈窕俊俏，含羞带喜，已经完全是黎家姑娘的美丽妆扮。猎手结实健壮，憨厚质朴。别看他们背对着背，其实早已经心连着心呢。据说同仙女、猎手合影的人们，都能得到他们的祝福，同他们分享美好爱情的幸福。再请乌贼岭下，猜一猜掩映在密密椰林中的鹿回头村，仙女与猎手的后代，又在延续怎样的爱情故事。

据说中国有三太少数民族爱情传说，一是阿诗玛，一是刘三姐，再一就是鹿回头。鹿回头的故事意蕴深厚，它道出了对生命的渴望与留恋，表达了对美好爱情的热烈追求。

各位游客，大家好!我是你们的导游，首先欢迎大家跟随我游览长城!

万里长城在我国北方辽阔的土地上，从东头的山海关到西头的嘉峪关，有一万三千多里，东西横亘着一道绵延起伏、气势雄伟、长达一万多里的.长墙。这就是被视为世界建筑史上一大奇迹的万里长城。万里长城是我国古代一项伟大的防御工程它凝聚着我国古代人民的坚强毅力和高度智慧，体现了我国古代工程技术的非凡成就，也显示了中华民族的悠久历史。

长城是中国也是世界上修建时间最长、工程量最大的一项古代防御工程。自公元前七八世纪开始，延续不断修筑了20__多年，分布于中国北部和中部的广大土地上，总计长度达多千米，被称之为“上下两千多年，纵横十万余里”。如此浩大的工程不仅在中国就是在世界上，也是绝无仅有的，因而在几百年前就与罗马斗兽尝比萨斜塔等列为中古世界七大奇迹之一。

游客们，我就介绍到这里了，现在大家自由活动可以拍几张照片留作纪念，但请大家一定要注意安全，不要乱扔垃圾，也不要在我们的长城墙上刻画，“保护长城，人人有责。”谢谢大家!

以石头城为中心，清凉山、石头城等古迹名胜，与山、水、城、林交融一体，形成虎踞壮观、古朴自然、幽雅寂静的景观特色。

莫愁湖公园位于水西门外，相传湖滨曾居住过少女莫愁而名。历史上有关莫愁女的传说流传很广，说法不一。后为明初中山王徐达的私家花园。园内有胜棋楼、郁金堂、湖心亭、赏荷厅等景点。荷风芦雪，揽胜四时，被称为“金陵第一名胜”和“南京第一名湖”，在清代金陵四十八景中得“莫愁烟雨”的美誉。

清凉山位于城西汉中门内，石城虎踞即指今清凉山。园内古木参天，山势险要，古迹甚多，主要名胜有清凉寺、扫叶楼、崇正书院、驻马坡等。

乌龙潭公园位于清凉山东，以湖光山色为胜，清幽典雅，花木扶疏，历史上曾享有“城西之冠”的盛誉。环潭景点布局精巧合理，建筑典雅工致。

中华织锦村位于江东门，展示了中国各民族的织锦技艺，除收藏有不同民族、不同时代的织机和织锦实物外，还现场向游客表演织锦的生产过程和工艺。游人至此，可以了解中国织锦工艺的历史和技艺，购买各种精美名贵的织锦工艺品。

4、大江风貌区

本景区借万里长江奔腾之势，以山秀、洞幽、江深、矶奇为特色，沿江三十里散布着燕

子矶等众多的名胜。建成于1968年，是一座由我国自己设计建造的双层双线公路、铁路两用桥。铁路桥全长6772米，宽14米，公路桥全长4589米，宽19.5米。正桥的路栏上，镶嵌着200幅浮雕，正桥两端建有4座高70米的桥头堡。南北两岸的公路引桥由富有民族特色的双孔双曲拱桥组成。大桥建成后，天堑变通途，“天堑飞虹”遂成为金陵新四十景之一。

燕子矶位于城北观音门外东北直渎山。因石峰突兀临江，三面悬绝，远眺此处，形若燕子展翅，凌空欲飞，故名燕子矶。燕子矶总扼大江，地势险要，矶下浪涛轰鸣，潮涌壮观，自古以来是过江的重要渡口，也是军事要地。明代以后，燕子矶成为文人墨客登临抒怀的游览胜地。矶顶有御碑亭，登上矶头，遥望江北，江天一色。入夜，燕子矶上明月如水，碎银满江，“燕子夕照”亦为金陵美景之一。

5、栖霞风景区

位于南京东北郊，区内主要景点有：栖霞山、栖霞寺、舍利塔、千佛岩、南朝陵墓群及石刻。

栖霞寺位于栖霞山中峰西麓，始建于南齐永明七年(489年)，至今已有1500年历史，南朝时成为江南三论宗的祖庭。与山东长清的灵岩寺、湖北荆山的玉泉寺、浙江天台的国清寺齐名，并称“天下四大丛林”。现寺院为清光绪三十四年(1908年)重建，是南京地区最大的佛寺。寺内有鉴真大师纪念堂、国内著名的藏经楼。藏经楼南侧有建筑精美、风格独特的舍利塔及名闻中外的石窟——千佛岩。中国佛学院栖霞寺分院即设在寺内，是江苏地区的佛教中心。

南朝石刻南京周围保存着丰富的六朝文物古迹，在市区东北郊太平门外甘家巷、太平村一带就有30多处南朝帝王陵墓石刻。石刻可分为帝王陵和王公贵族墓两类，帝王陵前的石兽是天禄、麒麟，王公贵族墓前的石兽是辟邪。南朝陵墓石刻已历经1500多年的沧桑，至今仍较完好，尤其是那些石兽，昂首挺胸，飞跃灵动，惹人喜爱。

6、南郊风景区

包括雨花台、菊花台、牛首山、祖堂山等景点。这里风景优美，历史遗迹众多。六朝时期，这一带寺庙林立，其中以大报恩寺、天界寺最为著名，原大报恩寺佛塔是中世纪世界七大奇观之一。南郊还是历代墓葬的集中地，在地下蕴藏了大量的极其珍贵的历史文物。

渤泥国王墓在南郊的乌龟山南麓。渤泥国，即今文莱国，明永乐六年(1408年)八月，渤泥国王麻那惹加那乃亲率妻儿及王室成员来北京，朝见明皇，受到明成祖的热烈欢迎。但因水土不服，客死他乡。临终留下遗嘱：“体魄托葬中华”。明成祖十分悲痛，以王侯的礼仪安葬了这位异邦君主。

江南最大的地下宫殿——南唐二陵位于祖堂山的西南麓，即南唐先主李?与中主李瞡的陵墓，李?墓称钦陵，李瞡墓称顺陵。钦陵规模较大，有前、中、后三间主室，十间侧室，前、中室为砖结构，后室为石结构。中室墓壁上绘有鲜艳的彩画，图案有牡丹、莲花、宝相、海石榴、云气纹等。据专家考证，这是国内现存最早的附属在柱枋部分的彩画遗迹，在建筑史和艺术史上都具有极高的价值。顺陵位于钦陵西侧，结构与钦陵相近，但规模较小。

内蒙古景点导游词范文

内蒙古风景宜人，是个值得一去地方。所以今天小编准备了一些导游词，供大家观赏，希望你mean喜欢。

内蒙古孟王栓海子导游词

各位游客：大家好!我们即将游览的是五原县孟王栓海子旅游区。下面我简单地给大家介绍一下旅游区的总体情况。孟王栓海子度假村位于五原县城南乡，从县政府所在地隆兴昌镇出发，途经荣丰路口、虎先生圪旦、清真寺等，南行20公里即可到达。

整个景区由孟王栓海子度假区、孟王栓海子中心岛、孟王栓海子观鸟点三个部分组成，总面积4500亩，海子水域面积2833亩。景区内水草丰美、景色怡人，是人们休闲、娱乐、感受大自然风韵的理想之地。 大家现在看到的海子北侧有建筑物的那一片是孟王栓海子度假区，现建有简易的旅游住宿房屋和蒙古包及一些相关的设施，四周水、草、树、绿地及各种简易人造景观随处可见。这个地方是垂钓点，爱好垂钓的游客可在此处尽享垂钓悠闲之乐。喜欢游泳的游客可以到前面的海湾尽情游玩。大家看到的海子岸边停靠着的游船，是专门为游客准备的，能让大家感受到在水上“行走”的乐趣。 大家看海子的中央是孟王栓海子中心岛。它面积30多亩，主体为沙丘，最高处距水平面5.3米，有上百种水鸟生活在此。岛区景色怡人，以水、草、树及各种人造景观为主体，早、晚各种水鸟在此翩然起舞，大家到这儿，会有一种回归大自然的感觉。 我们现在所处的地方是孟王栓海子观鸟点。

这个观鸟点载体以沙滩为主，这里视野开阔，适于观测、观赏鸟类的生活。从这里我们可以看到栖息在此的野鸭、鹭鸶、沙鹅、鹰、鹳等100多种鸟类。

扩展阅读：

导游词结构

一篇完整的导游词，其结构一般包括习惯用语、概括介绍、重点讲解三个部分。

1.习惯用语

习惯用语又分为两个部分——见面时的开头语和离别时的告别语。

开头语包括问候语、欢迎语、介绍语、游览注意事项和对游客的希望五个方面，放在导游词的最前面。

a、开头语

(1)介绍自己或旅行社

(2)介绍司机和车型、车号

(3)介绍旅游时间，地点和行程安排

(4)表示欢迎。

b、告别语

(1)总结旅游情况

(2)感谢游客配合

(3)希望提出意见

(4)表示依依惜别

2.概括介绍

概括介绍是用概述法介绍旅游景点的位置、范围、地位、意义、历史、现状和发展前景等，目的是帮助旅游者对景点先有个总体了解，引起游览兴趣，犹如“未成曲调先有情”。

概括介绍应根据时间和游客情况，可长可短，可详可略(可根据需求所变)。

3.重点讲解

重点讲解是对旅游线路上的重点景观从景点成因、历史传说、文化背景、审美功能等方面进行详细的讲解，使旅游者对旅游目的地有一个全面、正确的了解，同时要提醒旅游者注意自己携带的东西，保管好自己随身的物品，这是导游词最重要的组成部分。

内蒙古乌珠穆沁草原导游

乌珠穆沁草原位于锡林郭勒盟东部，是世界四大草原之一——内蒙古锡林郭勒草原的典型区域。主要是指内蒙古自治区锡林郭勒盟的西乌珠穆沁旗(巴彦乌拉镇)和 东乌珠穆沁旗(乌里雅斯太镇)。这里草原风貌保存完整，是唯一汇集内蒙古九大类型草原的地区，号称中国北方草原最华丽、最壮美的地段，素有“天堂草原”之 美称。

乌珠穆沁草原是内蒙古自治区蒙古族文化习俗保存最完整的地区，又是北方游牧民族的主要繁盛福地，素以“摔跤健将摇篮、蒙古长调之乡、民族服饰之都、游牧文化之源”而著称，传统的蒙古搏克、悠扬的乌珠穆沁长调、斑斓的乌珠穆沁服饰、古老的游牧文明，展示了源远流长的乌珠穆沁文化。

这里所辖的景点有集蒙古族衣食住行民俗文化为一体的“蒙古汗”;有再现古老草原游牧民族生活景观的“游牧部落”;也有展示森林草原向草甸草原过渡带特色的“森林草原生态区”。这三处景点是游客观赏秀丽草原景色、领略游牧民族风情的首选之地。

乌旗地处内蒙古高原中部，大兴安岭西麓。主要山脉：大兴安岭，最高峰宝格达山1500米，是乌拉盖河 、色也勒吉河、海拉思台河、涅林高勒河的发源地。乌拉盖河流经东乌旗9个苏木一个牧场，全长320公里，水源充沛。东乌旗湖泊106个，泉水60多处，水 丰草茂，是内蒙古现存最好最大的草原。

扩展阅读：

导游词结构

一篇完整的导游词，其结构一般包括习惯用语、概括介绍、重点讲解三个部分。

1.习惯用语

习惯用语又分为两个部分——见面时的开头语和离别时的告别语。

开头语包括问候语、欢迎语、介绍语、游览注意事项和对游客的希望五个方面，放在导游词的最前面。

a、开头语

(1)介绍自己或旅行社

(2)介绍司机和车型、车号

(3)介绍旅游时间，地点和行程安排

(4)表示欢迎。

b、告别语

(1)总结旅游情况

(2)感谢游客配合

(3)希望提出意见

(4)表示依依惜别

2.概括介绍

概括介绍是用概述法介绍旅游景点的位置、范围、地位、意义、历史、现状和发展前景等，目的是帮助旅游者对景点先有个总体了解，引起游览兴趣，犹如“未成曲调先有情”。

概括介绍应根据时间和游客情况，可长可短，可详可略(可根据需求所变)。

3.重点讲解

重点讲解是对旅游线路上的重点景观从景点成因、历史传说、文化背景、审美功能等方面进行详细的讲解，使旅游者对旅游目的地有一个全面、正确的了解，同时要提醒旅游者注意自己携带的东西，保管好自己随身的物品，这是导游词最重要的组成部分。

内蒙古召庙北五台导游词

召庙风景区位于巴林左旗人民政府所在地——林东镇南15公里。305国道穿山而过，集通铁路和省际大通道横贯东西，旅游专线柏油路三线交叉直通景区，铁路、公路交通十分便利。召庙风景区方圆六十平方公里，景区内景点众多，自然景观奇特，人文古迹丰富。这里有大量的四季冰川遗迹，冰川压融水把花岗岩石雕琢的千姿百态、妙趣横生。多年来这里一直是人们游玩观光的圣地，召庙风景区由此而远近闻名。景区内耸立着灵岩、慈航、圣水、别楞、宝顶、七锅山等险峰,山间有朝拜圣地“真寂之寺”，真实反应了辽代佛教文化的盛行和辽代中晚期石雕艺术的发展过程。庙有“北五台山”之称，相传到召庙三拜，能得到去五台山一拜之圆满功德。

扩展阅读：

导游词结构

一篇完整的导游词，其结构一般包括习惯用语、概括介绍、重点讲解三个部分。

1.习惯用语

习惯用语又分为两个部分——见面时的开头语和离别时的告别语。

开头语包括问候语、欢迎语、介绍语、游览注意事项和对游客的希望五个方面，放在导游词的最前面。

a、开头语

(1)介绍自己或旅行社

(2)介绍司机和车型、车号

(3)介绍旅游时间，地点和行程安排

(4)表示欢迎。

b、告别语

(1)总结旅游情况

(2)感谢游客配合

(3)希望提出意见

(4)表示依依惜别

2.概括介绍

概括介绍是用概述法介绍旅游景点的位置、范围、地位、意义、历史、现状和发展前景等，目的是帮助旅游者对景点先有个总体了解，引起游览兴趣，犹如“未成曲调先有情”。

概括介绍应根据时间和游客情况，可长可短，可详可略(可根据需求所变)。

3.重点讲解

重点讲解是对旅游线路上的重点景观从景点成因、历史传说、文化背景、审美功能等方面进行详细的讲解，使旅游者对旅游目的地有一个全面、正确的了解，同时要提醒旅游者注意自己携带的东西，保管好自己随身的物品，这是导游词最重要的组成部分。

My friends, everybody! Welcome to the badaling Great Wall. I am your tour guide, Qiu Xuyang, you call me little high or high conductivity, by today I lead you to visit the Great Wall at badaling, hope you have a good and unforgettable time here.

Badaling Great Wall wall 6-9 meters high, planar trapezoid, bottom width 6. 5-7. 5 meters 8, 4. 5-5. 8 m. Most of the wall a wide flat, can "WuMa and ride, 10 people in parallel"; The wall line be the outside, the outer wall is high, the medial wall is low. Everyone along the direction of my finger to see: the wall beside the road, at the entrance of a total of five iron cannon, iron cannon, though after one hundred years vicissitudes of life remains intact, the largest of a gun barrel length 2. 85 meters, diameter of 105 mm, range of km above, power is great. Everyone can be a photo here. On the Great Wall you to look at the up and down two floors building is the watchtowers, watchtowers horse-refraining pits and shot hole, around the upper house for the bottom of the soldiers, lodging and storage materials.

Go the distance, this is the beacon tower, which friend can say the use of a beacon tower? Beacon tower is good, the main role is to facilitate investigation, there are enemy invasion at the same time, can be burning fuel, such as straw so that you can use fireworks on the situation of the enemy, is on alert for the next. Ok, my friends keep up with the pace of the I, as the saying goes: "not a true man unless he comes to the Great Wall!" Now we see the tilted 45 degrees in the triangle type of stone is the famous mens stone. Come here, everybody is the genuine hero, take you to the excited mood to leave you here permanent shadow.

Two hours of long time went by, in a twinkling of an eye small high here I wish you a happy happy life! A happy family! People gain flourish! A happy journey! We have a chance to meet again!

今天我们去了一个地方，那个地方很有名，只要到广州旅游的外国人都会去那个地方，那里景色美丽，还有五只可爱的羊，你们知道是什么地方吗?它就是越秀公园。

我们国际班的同学们来到越秀公园参观，我一进门就看见很多游人，沿着右边的大道往前走，我又看见一个湖，湖水绿绿的，走近一看，哇，湖水里有好多鱼呢!有的鱼是黑色的，有的鱼是黄色的，有的鱼是白色的，还有的鱼身上的颜色五彩缤纷，这些鱼可真漂亮!

我的越南同学黄玉享去旁边的.小亭子买东西，我觉得他应该是买食物给鱼吃，可我搞错了，他只是买给自己吃。我觉得他好自私。我决定去买食物给鱼吃，黄玉享像跟屁虫一样跟着我去买鱼，澳洲的池立弘也跟我去了，他有点小气，他看见喝的东西就说：‘‘这么贵啊!这里好坑钱啊!’’

我买了两包鱼食，给了洪老师一包，我留下了一包，后来我觉得那鱼食太臭了，所以给了澳洲同学瑞吉，瑞吉给了泰国同学芳芳一点，又给了莫桑比克同学玛丽娜一点，秦老师在给那些鱼拍照，我也观察起那些鱼：有些鱼个头很小，有些鱼很胖，像四个大肉包连在一起。我正看得起劲，听见有人说“走了，走了，我们继续去游览越秀公园。”

我们沿着山路往上走，我又看见一些女的老人们又玩又跳，她们拿一个像羽毛球拍的拍子，把一个像棒球的球放在中间，她们小心的拿着这个拍子，随着音乐节奏跳舞，有一个老人不小心把球丢了，她就再也不跳了，我觉得她心里想：“那么多人看我把球丢掉，真丢人。”

我们终于爬到了越秀山的山顶，哇，山顶上好多游客啊!洪老师让我们在一个指路的地方拍照，我觉得没有什么好拍的，我真的无语了。拍完照片，我们去观察五只羊，五只羊有不同的表情，最大的一只，它是站起来的，嘴巴叼着麦穗，像羊爸爸;还有一只羊站在羊爸爸的旁边往后看，她的腿旁边还有一只小羊宝贝在喝她的奶，我觉得她是羊妈妈。还有两只羊，一只羊像哥哥，一只羊像弟弟，哥哥在吃草，弟弟好像在跟哥哥说：“不要吃了，陪我一起玩吧，我很无聊。”

五只羊像是一家人，她们一起给广州带来了好运。

我喜欢越秀公园，希望下次还能去游玩。