鼋头渚仙岛导游词精选20篇

各位游客，今天由我担任导游。因为九寨沟是世界文化遗产，所以我希望每个游客都能爱护九寨沟的一山一水，一草一木，注意环境卫生。

你们看，前面的海子就是芦苇海。芦苇海在金秋是最美的，芦苇金黄金黄的，阳光、苇子也是金色的，与那湛蓝的湖水映衬得如诗如画

快看，这篇清澈的湖水就是犀牛海。在这片迷人的湖水背后，还有一个古老的传说。很久以前，有一位仙人腾空驾雾来到人间，身边还带着一头粗壮的犀牛，因为九寨沟景色宜人，犀牛迷恋上了这，几天之后，仙人要回去了，但是，犀牛怎么也不肯回去，仙人就用法术把它变成了海，让它永远留在人间。你们看，这犀牛海的形状多像一头犀牛啊！

游客们，请看右边，那闪着火花似的海子就是火花海。每当有阳光的时候这火花海就会闪着“火花”，好像湖里的鱼儿在开烟花盛会。

你们再随我往前看，还可以看到翡翠的卧龙海，似明镜的树正群海……

九寨沟是祖国神奇的仙境，希望大家好好爱护它们！

鲍家花园坐落在举世无双的棠樾牌坊群边，由黄山市中安经贸资源开发公司与歙县旅游发展有限公司联合开发，主要有“盆景园”(含精品园、流派园、山石园)、大草坪、入口广场、广场鸽、徽文化展示馆(书画名家真迹、文房四宝等)、四季花园(植物景区、春厦秋科各色植物观赏区)、乡土花园(黄山地区特色植物)、茶园坡、松林坡、观鱼池、游乐湖、垂钓湖、经济水生植物园(湖)、游船码头、山石瀑布、盆景培育基地、陶吧、茶楼、注作坊等游赏项目，以徽商私家园林为背景，以徽派盆景为主题，同时荟萃国内外各流派盆景精华，与牌房群景区融为一体，相得益彰，构成一幅完整的徵商故里。

此次对外开放的有松坡快活林、5.3公顷的湖面、游船码头、观鱼池并置放旅游乌篷船及20公顷的经果林苗木、观赏性树木和万余盆代表徽、苏、扬、川、海、岭南六大派系风格的艺术盆景、场景壮观、气势不凡、品位高、精品多，集徵派盆景之大成，同时又是领略国内盆景艺术的绝佳园地，是面积全国第一，盆景种类、数量世界第一的大型园林。鲍家花园的全面建成开放，将填补黄山市旅游项目的一大空白，重现历史悠运、久负盛名的徽州园林的完美风采，成为黄山市旅游的一个新亮点热点。

自开园之日，鲍家花园已迎来了数万名中外游客的游览观赏，国家、部委、省、市领导及专家名流都给予了高度赞誉，并希冀将鲍家花园建设成为世界一流的大型园林。鲍家花园的奇思妙构，是策应安徽省委、政府“两山一湖”、“打好黄山牌，做好徽文章”旅游发展战略，响应黄山市委、政府黄山旅游“二创”过程中围绕做活徽文章推出的一大文化旅游精品、力作，对开发开放黄山旅游文化资源，丰富和拓展黄山文化旅游内涵将起到积极的推动作用。

Ladies and gentlemen!

Hello everyone! My name is Yiming. Im your guide. Today, I will take youto visit the "three Confucius": Confucius mansion, Confucius temple andConfucius forest.

Sage Confucius has a famous saying: "its a pleasure to have friends fromafar." Im very happy to be a tour guide. I will try my best to serve you.Please criticize and correct the shortcomings.

Before visiting Sankong, please allow me to introduce Qufu. Qufu is locatedat the junction of Luzhong district and southwest plain of Shandong Province. LiBai, a great poet, once described Qufu as "laughing and boasting of old friends,pointing to a desperate situation, with mountains and waters as green asorchids". Now lets visit the Confucius Temple. Confucius Temple is located inthe center of Qufu City. It is a charming building built by ancient people forthe great thought and broad spiritual quality of Confucius. It covers an area of327.5 mu, with a length of 1 km from north to south. There are 466 buildings and54 gateways. In addition, there are more than 1700 ancient trees in the temple,one by one rushing into the sky. It is said that anyone who dares to cut downone will be beheaded. Every tree, every doors name contains the thought ofConfucius benevolence.

The Confucius Mansion is adjacent to the Confucius Temple. It is theresidence of the eldest son of the sage Confucius. It has three roads and ninecourtyards. It has 463 buildings and a back garden, covering an area of 240 mu.Confucius Mansion, also known as "Yansheng mansion". "Yan Sheng" means that"Sheng Dao" and "Sheng Yi" can reproduce and continue,

After entering the gate of Confucius mansion, there are three roads to theback of Confucius mansion. On the East Road, there are Yiguan hall, muen hall,Confucius family temple, etc.; on the West Road, there are red calyx hall,Zhongshu hall, Anhuai hall, flower hall, etc.; on the Middle Road, there are themain buildings of Confucius mansion, the first half of which is the governmentoffice, and the second half is the inner house.

Konglin is a special cemetery for the family of Confucius, the oldest andlargest family cemetery in the world. It covers an area of more than 3000 mu.The surrounding walls are 3 meters high, 1.5 meters thick and 14.5 Li long.There are more than 100000 trees and hundreds of plants in the forest. Among thetrees, there are many steles and statues, which are very spectacular.

Now free activity for 3 hours, you can visit the "three holes" by yourself,you can also play games, piics and other activities, but you must ensurehealth.

This is the end of the visit to "three holes".

大家好!我是你们这次的导游，我叫章明妍，大家可以叫我妍导。今天，我将带领你们游玩世界遗产之一‘泰山’，让我们一起走进神秘的泰山吧!

走进泰山，最醒目的就是高大宽阔的正阳门。进入正阳们，两扇朱红大门，门上有81个铁制馒钉，有铺首，象征着岱庙的尊严，游客们，你们知道吗?在古时候只有帝王才能从此门进入呐!正阳门高8.6米，上面的五凤楼高11米，共五间，为九脊，单檐歇山顶，覆黄色琉璃瓦，24根明柱，檐下斗拱出三翘四，墨线大点金彩绘，方金龙飞舞，，远远望去翘檐翼然，翩翩欲飞。

游客们，你们看，我们现在看到的是唐代称遥参门;宋代在门内筑亭，改为草参亭;明代扩建，建筑围墙，并奉碧霞元君于其中，逐成为完整的庭院建筑。遥参亭为纵向二室庭院，南山门、仪门、正殿、方亭、北山门依次坐落在通天街至岱庙的抽线上，正殿在右置配殿及厢房，其中抽线于岱庙线一致，再南，一巨株唐槐掩映下，有一池，池内一龙首吐水，一龙首吞水，为清光绪六年所建，很是添景.

游客们，泰山之旅结束了，祝你们下一站路途愉快~!

The Yellow Crane Tower is located at the top of Wuchang Snake Mountain onthe South Bank of the Yangtze River in Wuhan City, Hubei Province. It is closeto the Yangtze River. It is a national 5A tourist attraction and has been knownas "the first building of the worlds rivers and mountains" and "the worldspeerless scenery" since ancient times. Yellow Crane Tower is a landmark buildingin Wuhan. It is also known as "three famous scenic spots in Wuhan" together withQingchuan Pavilion and Guqin terrace.

The Yellow Crane Tower was built in 223 A.D. in the period of the ThreeKingdoms. During the period of the Three Kingdoms, it was just a "militarybuilding" in the corner of Xiakou city. After the Jin Dynasty destroyed theeastern Wu Dynasty, the three kingdoms were unified. With the development ofJiangxia City, the building gradually evolved into an ornamental building forofficials and businessmen. Tang Dynasty poet Cui Hao wrote the poem "YellowCrane Tower" and Li Bai wrote "Yellow Crane Tower to send Meng Haoran toGuangling". Scholars of all ages left many unique songs here, which made theYellow Crane Tower famous since ancient times.

The Yellow Crane Tower is located at the top of Sheshan mountain, 61.7meters above sea level. The trains of Beijing Guangzhou railway roar through thetower. The building is 5 stories high, with a total height of 51.4 meters and aconstruction area of 3219 square meters. The Yellow Crane Tower is internallysupported by 72 columns and externally extended by 60 angles. The roof iscovered with more than 100000 pieces of yellow glazed tiles

A number of auxiliary buildings, such as bronze Yellow Crane shape, statuepagoda, memorial archway, porch and pavilion, are cast outside the Yellow CraneTower to make the main building more magnificent. Around the main building,there are white cloud Pavilion, elephant pagoda, stele Gallery, Mountain Gateand other buildings. The whole building has a unique national style, emittingthe spirit, temperament and charm of traditional Chinese culture. It complementsthe Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge at the foot of Sheshan mountain, and you can havea panoramic view of the three towns of Wuhan when you climb the building.

大家好!我叫李雨果，大家怎么称呼我呢?叫我李导就行了，很高兴我能陪同大家一起参观故宫。

北京故宫位于北京市中心，是明清两代的皇宫，故宫有称为“紫禁城”。故宫经历有明清两个朝代和24个皇帝。故宫规模宏大，西东宽750米，南北长960米，占地72万平方米，建筑积15万多平方米，有房屋1000多间，是世界历史上最大最完整的古代建筑。进了故宫的大门，你就会看见五座汉白玉石桥，为什么是五座，而不是七座、八座，甚至十座呢?原来，古时候的皇帝都必须带有仁、义、礼、智、信这种特点，所以才是五座石桥的。

桥上有上百根石柱，柱子上刻着无数的小狮子，那么多的小狮子，有的颔首低眉，好像是忧闷而不开心的样子，有的张牙武爪，好像是展示自己的威武。故宫的御花园，原名宫后椀，占地一万二千平方米。以鉄安殿为中心，园林建筑采用石砖来修建，左右对称的格砖紧凑。殿东北的堆秀山上筑御景亭，每年重阳节，皇上就在此登高。

好了游客们我们在这里歇一会，休息一下，你们也可以拍下自己喜欢的景点，注意卫生和安全。

人人都说，大自然有一双无比巧妙的手，创造了这个奇妙无比的世界。有清澈见底的水，有奇形怪状的峰峦，有惊险无比的崖壁……今天，我来到了“惊、险、秀”于一身的五指石。它位于广东省平原县差干镇。

五指石中的“天道”，走过以后，给人留下的，就只有险、美。走在半山腰的栈道上，头顶是峭壁，脚下是悬崖。走过这一段路，身子要微微倾斜，一不小心，就会碰到峭壁。弯弯曲曲的栈道，悬挂在峭壁的山崖边，让人腿肚子直打颤。

站在栈道上，远眺粤闽赣的旖旎风光，心中不禁感慨：好美!若是在这奇秀风光上披上一层薄雾，就如行走在天上的道路。“虎鲸觅食”一景十分奇丽。半圆的山，就如同虎鲸的头;山上有一个椭圆的大洞，就好似虎鲸的眼睛;悬挂在峭壁上的栈道，就是虎鲸的嘴，栩栩如生。仿佛在浩瀚的大海中，一只庞大的虎鲸正在寻找食物。

还有“妙笔生花”：旁逸斜出的石头好似一支笔，上面的那棵小树的树枝张开呈半圆状，就像一朵花儿怒放。“大象戏水”：一座大山，中间有一条突出的石头，就像是象鼻子，后面就是象身，象鼻微微翘起，似乎是在玩水……栈道在悬崖峭壁间逶迤穿行，从古树掩映的贵妃谷开始并回归。我们下了山，向玻璃栈道前进。

走上玻璃栈道，我的心中打着鼓。迈出步子，踩在全透明的玻璃上，向下看，树叶在半空掩住了下面的道路，给我一种安全感。扶着栏杆，向前看，走到中间的时候，再低下头，脚下的道路我看得一清二楚，也许是站在玻璃的边缘的原因，下面有石块，站在上面我竟不怎么怕!继续向前走，无意间，站到了玻璃中间，我又忍不住向下看去，却觉得那玻璃不存在，就仿佛站在空气上，随时会向下掉。透过脚下的钢化玻璃，是100多米的悬崖，让我心不由得一惊，魂不守舍，腿肚子直打颤，急忙跨上了木栈道。我们大呼过瘾，真是一次心跳之旅!

“春谷彩蝶翩翩，夏桐漫天飞舞，秋枫灿若晚霞，冬梅洁白如雪。”大自然的鬼斧神工把世界打造得神奇美丽，多么可爱的大自然!

各位游客，现在我们正置身于有“奇山异水，天下独绝”之称的富春江。瞧，这山，这水，真是名副其实——集富春江的美于一身。

从古时起，便已经有文人墨客为富春江折服，不禁倾笔写下句句名言。此时，我们身临其境，定能品出这诗文中之神韵，可能还有人会大喊出“我爱富春江!”的冲动呢!可这对于真正见到它美懂得欣赏它美的人眼中，并非什么可笑之举。因为她的美确是能倾倒众生。

那“争高直指，千百成峰”虽映照出其生机勃勃，却掩不住其真正的奇伟嶙峋，虽令人心生寒意，却更有一种兴奋之情。

那“游鱼细石，直视无碍”的水，潺潺细流，清澈见底，游动的小鱼儿与细石“交纵嬉戏”不亦乐乎。瞬间心灵得到了诠释，心如止水，仿佛真正读到了人生真谛。

她美，却真实;她险，却活泼。她难道不是令人不得不爱吗?

大家好!我是三小的一名小小导游员，我叫庞小础=裉煊晌掖领大家去参观我们的学校——调兵山市第三小学。希望我的介绍能给大家带来轻松和快乐。

我们学校位于调兵山市中央大街中段。占地面积2万多平米。2幢色彩明快的教学楼南北并立，有学生一千三百多人，九十八名教师，三十三个教学班，他们是朝气蓬勃、团结向上的集体。

现在我将带领大家参观我们的南楼，南楼分四个楼层，一层是我们学校的幼儿园，二、三四层分别是一年、三年、四年三个年部，我们学校注重学生特长的培养，瞧，走廊版画就是我校学生的美术作品，看出我们学生的美术功底，南楼还有三个光盘播放室，一个卫星接收室，看，平时我们学生就要到这里上课，老师利用课程资源向大家展示丰富多彩的内容，同学们非常喜欢这样。看，这是我们学校的微机教室，平时各班同学有课便会来到这里，学习有关电脑知识，与现代技术靠近。

下面我将带大家参观我们的北楼，北楼的走廊更具有特色，有中外名家展板和世界一流大学的概况，从中可以看出学校为了我们的健康成长，花费了许多心思。从小让我们树立远大志向。看，这张书法家竹石图，竹子细挺有韧性，因为竹子虚心自强，生而有节，就像我们三小人一样谦虚向上，更具有生命力。

我们这座教学楼里更有特色的还有古筝室、扬琴室。每当训练时，教室里就会传出悠扬的琴声和清脆典雅的乐曲声，让我们感受到孩子的潜力是广大的。看，这些都是我们的学生教室，教室内布置学校基本上整齐划一，我们每天在宽敞明亮的教室里学习，心情格外舒畅。

不知不觉，我们已参观完毕，也相信大家对我们学校有了充分的了解，我作为一名小学生，我喜欢我的学校，也希望大家喜欢。谢谢今天与大家的合作。

海南岛位于我们祖国的最南端，是个美丽的岛屿。

海南岛四面环海，与祖国大陆之间隔着一道琼州海峡。在岛上望着大海，大海一望无际，辽阔无边，非常壮观。海浪一浪接一浪地推上沙滩。浪花跳着，嬉戏着，带着小沙粒，调皮地一次又一次地漫过我们的脚背，冲上我们的小腿海风吹过，带来一阵阵海腥味。碧蓝的大海簇拥着、拱围着海南岛，成为海南岛一道亮丽的风景。

海南岛的沙滩也让人记忆深刻。从高处向下方俯视，宽阔的沙滩真像一片金黄色的海洋，而且好像海有多宽，沙滩就有多宽似的。赤脚踩在沙滩上，软软的、暖烘烘的，感觉舒服极了。我最爱的是用沙粒堆起一个又一个的城堡、拱桥、沙塔感觉自己就像一个伟大的建筑师。

海南地处热带，热带水果四季不断。什么菠萝、火龙果、杨桃、山竹真是数不胜数。在这些众多的水果中，椰子是我的最爱，椰汁清甜可口，你喝了就停不下来。

海南岛的珊瑚和贝壳真是琳琅满目，应有尽有。正是因为有了它们的点缀，沙滩才显得更生动、美丽。

海南岛的海鲜是很诱人的。我可是一个名符其实的海鲜大王，一次吃掉一只最大个的红花蟹，对我是轻而易举。

海南岛，虽然比你美的地方还有很多，比如：北京、香港、上海等。但我不承认，你就是我心目中最美丽的地方，没有任何一个地方比得过你!

各位游客，欢迎来到黄山观光，我是各位的导游“小金”，属你们心情舒畅，开心快乐，玩儿的顺心如意!

黄山雄居风景秀丽的安徽南部，是我国最著名的山岳风景区之一。

黄山山体雄伟独特，玲珑巧石，万姿千态，誉称“开天图画”，以伟奇幻险著称。风景区内重峦叠嶂，争奇献秀，有千米以上的高峰七十七座，三十六座大峰，巍峨峻峭，三十六座小峰，峥嵘秀丽，“莲花”、“光明顶”、“天都”三大主峰均海拔1800米以上，鼎足而立，高耸云外，称为“三天子都”。

黄山美在奇松、怪石、温泉、云海四绝，这里春夏秋冬四季景色各异，无愧“人间仙境”之美誉，山中林木茂密，古树繁多。

黄山有泰山之雄、华山之险、衡岳之烟云、匡庐之飞瀑、雁荡之巧石、峨嵋之清秀。希望大家细细观看这与长城、故宫齐名的黄山，中午12点到这里集合，谢谢合作。

关于英文的导游词

今天就给大家分享两篇国内关于英文的导游词给大家欣赏，希望你们喜欢哦。谢谢欣赏。

湖北三峡英文导游词

Good morning, ladies and Gentlemen, Welcome to China! Welcome to Hubei Province!

Today I am very pleased to show you Three Gorges of Yangtze River.

At first I’ll have a brief introduction of Yangtze River, the Yangtze River, the biggest river in China, the third longest in the World, starts with the Tuotuo River at the Roof of the World -Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, takes in countless rivers, and flows eastward across the interior of China. With an overall length of more than 6,300 kilometers, the Yangtze River, next only to the Amazon and the Nile, is the third biggest river in the world and is a cradle that breeds the ancient civilization of the Chinese nation.

When the Yangtze River reaches the eastern Sichuan Basin in southwest China, it cuts through the Wushan Mountain. Here the river course suddenly narrows and the waters become turbulent. Sheer cliffs and steep mountains rise on either side, creating one of natures most fantastic sights. The Three Gorges---Qutang, wuxia and xiling----start just after Fengjie and end near Yichang, stretch about 200 kilometers. The Gorges vary from 300metres at their widest to less than 100 meters at their narrowest.

Qutang Gorge is the smallest and shortest Gorge, but grandest of the three. The Yangtze River, mighty and rapid here is suddenly contained like a thousand seas poured into one cup, as the Song Dynasty poet SU Tungpo described the spectacle. High on the both bank, at a place called Bellows Gorge, are a series of crevices. This area is said to have been the home of an ancient tribe whose custom was to place the coffins of their crevices, some containing bronze swords, armour and other artifacts, but the coffins are believed to date back as far as the Warring States Period (475bc----221BC)

Wu Gorge extends 40 kilometers along which the river snakes between based strange-shaped mountain peaks, each of which has a reputation based on a beautiful legend. The story of the 12 Peaks of Wushan goes like this: 12 nymphs once descended to enjoy themselves in the secular world. Finding how perilous Wushan Gorge was, they decided to stay there to protect ships. As time went by, they transformed themselves into 12 peaks. The Goddess Peak, the most graceful of the 12, is said to have been yaoji, the youngest daughter of the Queen mother of the Western Heaven .Goddess Peak stands out from the other peaks on the northern bank to be the first to greet the morning sun and the last to bid it farewell, hence its another name, Viewing the glow Peak. Seen at a distance, it resembles the silhouette of a beautiful young lady.

Down stream from the zigzagging Wuxia Gorge is Xiling Gorge which stretches 78 kilometers eastward and the cliffs on either side rise to just over 900 meters. Xiling Gorge is awesome with its dangerous rapids, shoals, reefs, sharp turns, billowy whirlpools. The water at one point is so turbulent that it seems to be boiling during the flood season. Xiling Gorge in the east consists of several small gorges. On the top of another is a rock that looks like a sword. On the crag of the north bank are two pieces of brown rock, which are named Bulls Liver and Horse Lung, whose shape they take. Next does the Lantern Shadow Gorge, which has four rocks, resemble Monk Xuan Zang and his three disciples---Monkey, Piggy and Sandy in the classic Chinese adventures of the four on their way to India to obtain Buddhist scriptures.

Around the last bend of Xiling Gorge stretches a vast plain. The river suddenly becomes wide here. Travelers on the Yangtze cruise may also visit many sites of historical and scenic interest along the river banks including the ruined of baidi Town and Precious Stone Village.

Everyone knows that the Yangtze Gorges are changing since the well-known Three Gorges Dam Project is being built at Sabdouping, Yichang, Hubei Province. The dam is 181 meters in height. Its construction investment comes up to 203.9 billion rmb, equals to 24.65 billion U.S. dollars. The installed power generation capacity is expected to be 18.2 million kilo watts. With the dam built, the flood in the Yangtze River valley will be controlled, navigation improved besides the economic benefits. Tourism will be little affected. Many cultural and historical relics are now being removed to a higher ground before the rise of the water level approaches.

Ladies and Gentlemen, the time has gone very quickly and your trip is drawing to a close. It’s a pity that you cannot stay here any longer. Please allow me, then, take this opportunity to thank you for your cooperation and understanding, and if you come back in the future, I hope to see you again and be your guide again.

北京故宫英文导游词

(In front of the meridian gate)

Ladies and Gentlemen:

I am pleased to serve as your guide today.

This is the palace museum; also know as the Purple Forbidden City. It is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence in China today. Under Ming Emperor Yongle, construction began in 1406. It took 14years to build the Forbidden City. The first ruler who actually lived here was Ming Emperor Zhudi. For five centuries thereafter, it continued to be the residence of23 successive emperors until 1911 when Qing Emperor Puyi was forced to abdicate the throne .In 1987, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization recognized the Forbidden City was a world cultural legacy.

It is believed that the Palace Museum, or Zi Jin Cheng (Purple Forbidden City), got its name from astronomy folklore, The ancient astronomers divided the constellations into groups and centered them around the Ziwei Yuan(North Star). The constellation containing the North Star was called the Constellation of Heavenly God and star itself was called the purple palace. Because the emperor was supposedly the son of the heavenly gods, his central and dominant position would be further highlighted the use of the word purple in the name of his residence. In folklore, the term ”an eastern purple cloud is drifting” became a metaphor for auspicious events after a purple cloud was seen drifting eastward immediately before the arrival of an ancient philosopher, LaoZi, to the Hanghu Pass. Here, purple is associated with auspicious developments. The word jin (forbidden) is self-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-limits to ordinary people.

The red and yellow used on the palace walls and roofs are also symbolic. Red represents happiness, good fortune and wealth. Yellow is the color of the earth on the Loess Plateau, the original home of the Chinese people. Yellow became an imperial color during the Tang dynasty, when only members of the royal family were allowed to wear it and use it in their architecture.

The Forbidden City is rectangular in shape. It is 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meter wide from east west. It has 9,900 rooms under a total roof area 150,000 square meters .A 52-meter-wide-moat encircles a 9.9-meter—high wall which encloses the complex. Octagon —shaped turrets rest on the four corners of the wall. There are four entrances into the city: the Meridian Gate to the south, the Shenwu Gate(Gate of Military Prowess) to the north, and the Xihua Gate(Gate of military Prowess) to the north, and the Xihua Gate(Western Flowery Gate )to the west ,the Donghua (Eastern Flowery Gate) to the east.

Manpower and materials throughout the country were used to build the Forbidden City. A total of 230,000 artisans and one million laborers were employed. Marble was quarried from fangshan Country Mount Pan in Jixian County in Hebei Province. Granite was quarried in Quyang County in Hebei Province. Paving blocks were fired in kilns in Suzhou in southern China. Bricks and scarlet pigmentation used on the palatial walls came from linqing in Shandong Province .Timber was cut ,processed and hauled from the northwestern and southern regions.

The structure in front of us is the Meridian Gate. It is the main entrance to the forbidden City. It is also knows as Wufenglou(Five-Phoenix Tower). Ming emperors held lavish banquets here on the 15th day of the first month of the Chinese lunar year in hornor of their counties .They also used this place for punishing officals by flogging them with sticks.

Qing emperors used this building to announce the beginning of the new year. Qing Emperor Qianglong changed the original name of this announcement ceremony from ban li(announcement of calendar)to ban shou(announcement of new moon )to avoid coincidental association with another Emperor` s name, Hongli, which was considered a taboo at that time. Qing Dynasty emperors also used this place to hold audience and for other important ceremonies. For example,when the imperial army returned victoriously from the battlefield ,it was here that the Emperor presided over the ceremony to accept prisoners of war.

(After entering the Meridian Gate and standing in front of the Five Marble Bridges on Golden Water River)

now we are inside the Forbidden City.Before we start our tour, I would like to briefly introduce you to the architectural patterns befour us .To complete this solemn, magnificent and palatial complex, a variety of buildings were arranged on a north-south axis, and 8-kilometer-long invisible line that has become an inseparable part of the City of Beijing. The Forbidden City covers roughly one –third of this central axis. Most of the important building in the Forbidden City weree arranged along this line. The design and arrangement of the palaces reflect the solemn dignity of the royal court and rigidly –stratified feudal system.

The Forbidden City is divided into an outer and an inner count.We are now standing on the southernmost part of the outer count. In front of us lies the Gate of supreme Harmony .The gate is guarded by a pair of bronze lions ,symbolizing imperial power and dignity. The lions were the most exquisite and biggest of its kind. The one on the east playing with a ball is a male, and ball is said to represent state unity. The other one is a female. Underneath one of its fore claws is a cub that is considered to be a symbol of perpetual imperial succession. The winding brook before us is the Golden Water River. It functions both as decoration and fire control .The five bridges spanning the river represent the five virtues preached by Confucius :benevolence, righteousness, rites, intellence and fidelity. The river takes the shape of a bow and the north-south axis is its arrow. This was meant to show that the Emperors ruled the country on behalf of God.

(In front of the Gate of Supreme Harmony)

The Forbidden City consists of an outer countyard and an inner enclosure. The out count yard covers a vast space lying between the Meridian Gate and the Gate of Heavenly Purity. The “three big halls” of Supreme Harmony, Complete Harmony and Preserving Harmony constitute the center of this building group. Flanking them in bilateral symmetry are two groups of palaces: Wenhua (Prominent Scholars) and Wuying (Brave Warriors) . The three great halls are built on a spacious “H”-shaped, 8-meter-high, triple marble terrace, Each level of the triple terrace is taller than the on below and all are encircled by marble balustrades carved with dragon and phoenix designs. There are three carved stone staircases linking the three architectures .The hall of supreme Harmony is also the tallest and most exquisite ancient wooden-structured mansion in all of China. From the palace of Heavenly Purith northward is what is known as the inner court, which is also built in bilaterally symmetrical patterns. In the center are the Palace of Heavenly Purity, the Hall of Union and Peace and Palace of Earthly Tranquility, a place where the Emperors lived with their families and attended to state affairs. Flanking these structures are palaces and halls in which concubines and princes lived. There are also three botanical gardens within the inner count, namely, the imperial Garden, Caning garden and Quailing garden. An inner Golden Water River flows eastwardly within the inner court. The brook winds through three minor halls or palaces and leads out of the Forbidden City. It is spanned by the White Jade Bridge. The river is lined with winding, marble –carved balustrades. Most of the structures within the Forbidden City have yellow glazed tile roofs.

Aside from giving prominence to the north-south axis, other architectural methods were applied to make every group of palatial structures unique in terms of terraces, roofs, mythical monsters perching on the roofs and colored, drawing patterns. With these, the grand contour and different hierarchic spectrum of the complex were strengthened. Folklore has it that there are altogether 9,999 room-units in the Forbidden City. Since Paradise only has 10,000 rooms, the Son of Heaven on earth cut the number by half a room. It is also rumoured that this half –room is located to the west of the Wenyuange Pavilion (imperial library). As a matter of fact, although the Forbidden City has more than 9,000 room-units, this half-room is nonexistent .The Wenyuange Pavilion is a library where “Si Ku Quan Shu”- China `s first comprehensive anthology-was stored.

(After walking past the Gate of Supreme Harmony)

Ladies and Gentlemen, the great hall we are approaching is the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the biggest and tallest of its king in the Forbidden City. This structure covers a total building space of 2,377 square meters, and is know for its upturned, multiple counterpart eaves . The Hall of Supreme Harmony sits on a triple “H”-shaped marble terrace the is 8meters high and linked by staircases. The staircase on the ground floor has 21 steps while the middle and upper stairways each have 9.

The construction of the Hall of Supreme Harmony began in 1406. It burned down three times and was severely damaged once during a mutiny. The existing architecture was built during the Qing Dynasty. On the corners of the eaves a line of animal-nails were usually fastened to the tiles. These animal-nails were later replace with mythical animals to ward off evil spirits. There are altogether 9 such fasteners on top of this hall. The number nine was regarded by the ancients to be the largest numeral accessible to man and to which only the emperors were entitled.

There was a total of 24 successive emperors during the Ming and Qing dynasties who were enthroned here. The ball was also used for ceremonies which marked other great occasions: the Winter Solstice, The Chinese Lunar New Year, the Emperor` s birthday, conferral of the title of empress, the announcement of new laws and policies, and dispatches of generals to war .On such occasions, the Emperor would hold audience for his court officials and receive their tributes.

This area is called the Hall of Supreme Harmony Square, which covers a total of 30,000 square meters, Without a single tree or plant growing here, this place inspires visitors to feel its solemnity and grandeur. In the middle of the square there is a carriageway that was reserved for the Emperor. On both sides of the road the groud bricks were laid in a special way seven layers lengthwise and eight layers crosswise, making up fifteen layers in all. The purpose of this was to prevent anyone from tunneling his way into the palace. In the count yard there are iron vats for storing water to fight fires. In the whole complex there are altogher 308 water vats. In wintertime, charcoal was burned underneath the vats to keep the water from freezing .Why so vast a square? It was designed to impress people with the hall` s grandeur and vastness. Imagine the following scene. Under the clear blue sky, the yellow glazed tiles shimmered as the cloud-like layers of terrace, coupled with the curling veil of burning incense, transformed the hall of supreme Harmony into a fairyland. Whenever major ceremonies were held, the glazed, crane-shaped candleholders inside the hall would be it, and incense and pine branches burnt in front of the hall. When the Emperor appeared, drums were beaten and musical instrument played. Civilian officials and generals would kneel know in submission.

The last Qing emperor Puyi assumed the throne in 1908, at the age of three, His father carried him to the throne. At the start of the coronation, the sudden drum-beating and loud music caught the young emperor unprepared .He was so scared that he kept crying and shouting,”I don’t want to stay here. I want to go home.” His father tried to soothe him, saying, ”It` all soon be finished .It` all soon be finished ”The ministers present at the event considered this incident inauspicious. Coincidentally, the Qing dynasty collapsed three years later and there with concluded China `s feudal system that had lasted for more than 2,000 years.

(On the stone terrace of the Hall of Supreme Harmony)

This is a bronze incense burner. In it incense made of sandalwood would be burnt on important occasions. There are altogether 18 incense burners, representing all of the provinces under the rule of the Sing monarchs. On either side of the Hall, 4 bronze water-filled vats were placed in case of fire. Next to the terrace on either side, there is a bronze crane and tortoise, symbols of longevity. This copper-cast grain measure is called ”jialiang.” It served as the national standard during the Qing dynasty. It was meant to show that the imperial ruler were just and open to rectification. On the other side there is a stone sundial, an ancient timepiece. The jialiang and the sundial were probably meant to show what the Emperor represented: that he was the only person who should possess the standards of both measure and time.

In the very forefront of the Hall of Supreme Harmony , there are 12 scarlet , round pillars supporting the roof. The hall is 63 meters from east to west and 37 meters from north to south, It is 35 meters in height. In front of this architechture, there stands a triple terrace with five staircases leading up to the main entrance .It has 40 gold doors and 16 gold-key windows with colored drawings on the pillars and beams. In the middle of the hall, a throune carved with 9 dragons sits on a 2-meter-high platform. Behind the throne there is a golden screen and in front of it, there is a imperial desk . The flanks are decorated with elephants, Luduan(a legendary beast), cranes, and incense barrels. The elephant carries a vase on its back that holds five cereals(i. e. rice, two kinds of millet, wheat and beans),which was considered a symbol of prosperity. As ancient legend has it that luduan can travel 18,000 li (9,000 kilometers )in one day and knows all languages and dialects. Only to a wise adjust monarch will this beast be a guardian.

The Hall of Supreme Harmony is also popularly known as Jinluan Dian (gold bell hall or the throne hall). The floor of the hall is laid with bricks that turn it into a smooth, fine surface as if water has been sprinkled on it .The so-called golden brick, in fact, has nothing to do with gold. Reserved exclusively for the construction of the royal court, it was made in a secretive, and complex way, and, when struck, sounds like the clink of a gold bar. Each brick was worth the market price of one dan (or one hectoliter ) of rice.

The hall is supported by a total of 72 thick pillars .Of these, 6 are carved in dragon patterns and painted with gold and surround the throne. Above the very center of this hall there is a zaojing, or covered ceiling, which is one of the Specialities of China `s ancient architure. In the middle of the ceiling is a design of a dragon playing with a ball inlaid with peals. This copper ball, hollow inside and covered with mercury, is known as the Xuanyuan Mirror and is thought to be made Xuanyuan, a legendary monarch dating back to remote antiquity. The placing of the caisson above the throne is meant to suggest that all of China` s successive emperors are Zuanyuan` s descendants and hereditary heirs. Now you might have noticed that the Xuanyuan mirror is not directly above the throne. Why? It is rumored that Yuan Shikai, a self-acclaimed warlord-turned emperor moved the throne further back because he was afraid that the mirror might fall on him .In 1916 when Yuan Shikai became emperor, he removed the original throne with a Western-style, high-back chair. After the foundation of the People` s Republic of China in 1949 the throne was found in a shabby furniture warehouse. It repaired and returned to the hall.

(Leading the tourist to the bronze vats either on the east or the west)

the water vats in front of the palaces or house were called “menhai,” or sea before the door by the ancient Chinese. They believed that with a sea by the door, fire could not wreak havoc. The vats served both as a decoration and as a fire extinguisher. They were kept full of water all year round.

During the Qing Dynasty, they were altogether 308 vats in the palace enclosure. They were made of gilt bronze or iron. Of couse, the gilt bronze vats were of the best quality. When the allied forces (Britain, Germany, France, Russia, the United States, Italy, Japan and Austria) invaded Beijing in 1900 under the pretext of suppressing the Boxer Rebellion, the invaders ransacked the imperial compound and scraped and gold off the vats with their bayonets. During the Japanese occupation of Beijing, many vats were trucked away by the Japanese to be made into bullets .

(In front of the Hall of Complete Harmony)

The square architecture before us is called the Hall of Complete Harmony. It served as an antechamber. The Emperor came here to meet with his countiers and add his final touches to the prayers which would be read at the ancestral Temple. The seeds, snowers and prayer intended for spring sowing were also examined here. The two Qing sedan chairs here on display were used for traveling within the palace during the reign of Emperor Qianlong.

(In front of the hall f Preserving Harmony)

this is the Hall of Preserving Harmony. During the Qing Dynasty, banquets were held here on New Year` s eve in honour of Mongolian and Northwestern China` s xingjiang princes and ranking officials. The Emperor also dinned here with his new son-in-law on the wedding day. Imperial examinations were also held here once every three years. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, there were three levels of exams: the county and prefectural level, the provincial level and national level. The national exam was presided over by the emperor. The civil service exam in ancient China started during the Han Dynasty. It served the purpose of recruiting Confucian scholars to the ministers and high officials. During the Tang and Qing dynasties reinstituted and ancient system. Once every three years, three hundred scholars from all over the country came to Beijing and took exams for three day and night. This system was abolished in 1905.

(Behind the hall of preserving harmony)

this is the largest stone carving in the palace . It is 16.73 meters long, 3.07 meters wide and 1.7 meters thick .It weighs about 200 tons. The block was quarried in Fangshan County, roughly 70 kilometers away. To transport such a huge block to Beijing, laborers dug wells along the roadside half a kilometer apart, and used the groundwater to make a road of ice in the winter. Rolling blocks were used in the summer. In 1760, Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty ordered the carving of the existing cloud and dragon design in place of the old one which dated back to the Ming Dynasty.

Note : From here, the tour can be conducted via three different routes: a western route(Route A), a central route (Route B) or an eastern route (Route C) .The commentary for each follows.

Route A

Ladies and Gentlemen:

You have seen the three main halls of the Forbidden City. Now I ` d like to show you around the hall of mental cultivation and the imperial garden . The hall of mental cultivation is situated is in the western part of the innermost enclosure and is symmetrical to Fengxian (enshrinement of forebears) Hall in the east. This hall was built during the Ming Dynasty. IT is a H-shaped structure consisting of an antechamber and a main building .The hall is surrounded by corridors. In front of the hall is the Office of Privy Council.

Before Emperor Kangxi of Qing the Dynasty came to power the Hall of Heavenly Purity served as the living quarter of the emperors. Emperor Yongzheng chose to live in this hall and attended to every day state affairs from here .For the sake of protecting cultural relics, this hall is not open to the public .You can have a look at the inside from the door. The central hall was the audience chamber where the emperor read memorials, granted audience to officials and summoned his minsters for consultation. The western chamber of the hall was where the emperor read reports and discussed military and political affairs. The hall consists of many inner rooms and is decorated with images of Buddha and miniature pagodas. On the screen wall there hangs a picture of two emperors in the Han costume. In a southern room there three rare calligraphic scrolls, hence the name of the room “Sanxitang” (Room of Three Rare Treasures) . The room on the eastern side is of historical interst because it was here that Empress Dowager Cixi usurped power and made decisions on behalf of the young emperor . A bamboo curtain was used to separate them .

Empress Dowage Cixi was born in 1835 in Lu` an Prefecture of shanxi province. She` s of Manchurian nationality and her father was a provincial governor from south China. When she was 17 years old ,she was selected to become a concubine of Emperor Xianfeng and moved into the Forbidden City. She gave birth to a son when she was 21years old and was made a concubine the following year. When the emperor passed away in the summer of 1861, her son ascended the throne and title of Cixi, meaning “Holy Mother” was conferred upon her and she became the Empress Dowager. In that same year Empress Dowager Cixi carried out a count coup d` etat and ruled behind the scenes with another empress dowager, Ci` an, for 48 years. She passed away in 1908 at the age of 73. It was in reference to this situation that the term “attending to state affairs behind a bamboo curtain” developed .In 1912 , Empress dowager Longyu declared the abdication of the last Qing emperor Puyi. They were allowed to remain in the Forbidden City for the next 13 years .The royal family was forced to move out permanently in 1924.

Behind the central hall were the living accommodation of 8 successive Qing emperors .Three of them actually passed away here. The side rooms flanking the hall were reserved for empresses and concubines. Now let` s continue with our tour. It will take us to the Hall of heavenly purity , the hall of union and peace ,the palace of earthly tranquility, and the imperial garden.

Route B

(Inside the Hall of heavenly Purity)

Ladies and Gentlemen:

We are now entering the inner court. From the Gate of Heavenly Purity northward lies the inner court where the emperors and empresses once lived .The Hall of heavenly Purity is the central hall of the inner court ,and was completed during the Reign of Emperor Yongle of the Ming Dynasty. There are 10 pillars supporting the entire structure and the hall is 20 meters in height .In the center of the hall there a throne. Above it hangs a plaque with an inscription that reads “Be open and above-board,” written by Shenzhi,the first emperor of the Qing Dynasty. Beginning with Qianlong` s reign, the name of the successor to the throne was not publicly announced .instead, it was written on two pieces of paper, one to be kept on the emperor` s person throughout his reign, and the other placed in a small strongbox that was stored behind his plaque. The box was opened only after the emperor passed away. Altogether there where 4 emperors who ascended the throne in this way, namely Qianlong, Jiaqing, Daohuang and Xian feng.

The hall of heavenly purity was where the emperors lived during the Ming and Qing dynasties. According to tradition ,extravagant annual banquets were held here on New Year` s Eve in honour of royal family members. Foreign ambassadors were received here during the late-Qing period. Two important “one thousand old men` s feasts” of the Qing Dynasty were also held here. All the invitees had to be at least 65 years of age.

This hall was also used for mourning services.

(Inside the Palace of Union and Peace)

this hall sits between the Hall of heavenly Purity and the Palace of Earthly Tranquility, symbolizing the union of heaven and earth ,as well as national peace .It was first built in 1420 and reconstructed in 1798. The hall is square in shape ,and is smaller than the Hall of complete Harmony .You will see a plaque here inscribed with two Chinese characters, wu wei, which were handwritten by Emperor Qianglong. A throne sits in the middle of the hall with a screen behind it .Above the throne there hangs a caisson ,or covered ceiling. The emperor held birthday celebrations and other major events here.

In 1748 during Emperor Qianlong` s reign, 25 jade seals representing imperial authority were kept in this hall .No seals were allowed out of the room without the prior consent of the emperor. On each flack there is a water clock and a chiming clock.

(Inside the palace of earthly tranquility)

This used to be the central hall where successive Ming empresses lived. During the Qing dynasty, it was converted into a place where sacrifices and wedding ceremonies were held .The room on the western side was used for sacrifices and the room on the east was the seeding chamber.

Route C

Ladies and Gentlemen:

You have seen the three main halls of the Forbidden City. Now I` d like to show you around scenes of interest along the eastern route. The first is the Treasure Hall. This mansion is called the Hall of Imperial Zenith. This is where Sing Emperor Quailing lived after abdication. Nearly 1,000 artifacts and treasures are on display here, among which the Golden Hair Tower is one of the most famous. This tower is 1.53meters in height and its base is 0.53 meters in circumference .It was built under the order of Emperor Quailing to be used to collect fallen hair in commemoration of his mother. There is also a “Day harnessing Water Jade Hill ” on display here. Yu was a legendary monarch of the remote Ixia dynasty. Under his leadership, the people learned how to harness the Yellow River. This jade assemblage, 224 centimeters in height and 5 tons in weight, is the largest jade artwork in China. This mat was woven with peeled ivory. These artifacts are among China` s rarest treasures.

(In front of the Nine-Dragon Screen)

this is the Nine-Dragon Relief Screen .Erected in 1773,it is 3.5 meters in height and 29.4 meters in width. Underneath is a foundation made of marble .The surface of the screen is laid with a total of 270 colored, glazed tiles in the design of 9 dragons ,some rocky mountains ,clouds and the sea. It was meant to ward off evil spirits The ancient Chinese regarded 9 dragons, some rocky mountains, clouds and the sea. It was meant to ward off evil spirits .The ancient Chinese regarded 9 as the largest numeral and the dragon as a auspicious beast .The 9 dragons are different in color and posture and all are made of glazed tiles. Interestingly a piece of the third dragon from the left is made of wood. It is believe that when the Nine-dragon Screen was almost finished ,a piece of glazed tile was damaged .Emperor Qianlong was scheduled to inspect the work the following day .Using quick wits, the craftsman in question molded the missing piece with clay and sailed through the imperial inspection. Later ,he asked a carpenter to carve a wooden one to replace the one made of clay.

(Approaching the Imperial Garden)

Behind the Palace of Earthly Tranquility and trading the north-south axis is the imperial Garden. There are old trees, rare flowers and exotic rock formation in this garden .It cover a space of 11,700 square meters, or roughly 1.7 percent of the Forbidden City. Most of the structures in the garden are symmetrically arranged . However, each is different in terms of parrern and decoration. Woods clumps of bamboo screen off the garden and strengthens its deep and serene atmosphere.

There main structure of the Imperial Garden is the Qin` an Hall. Positioned in the central-northern part of the garden ,this hall is flanked by other halls and pavilions on the east and west. The hall sits on a marble pedestal. The Taoist deity of Zhenwu is enshrined here and emperor would pay homage here a quarterly basis. Taoist rites were held during the reign of Emperor Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty. In front of the hall there is a cypress that is 400 years old .In all there are a dozen such rare trees in the garden, and most of them are cypresses or pines. To the northwest of the hall , there is the Yanhui(Sustaining Sunshine) Pavilion and to the northeast there lies the Duixiu (Accumulated Refinement )Hill. This Hill was built over the foundation of the long- pershed Guanhua (Admiring Flowers) Hall of the Ming Dynasty. It is 14 meters in height and made of al kinds of rocks quarried in jiang su province. At its base stand two nstone lions, each carrying a dragon shooting water 10 meters up into the air from its mouth. There are meandering paths leading to the hilltop. At the top of Duixiu Hill sits the Yujing (Imperial Viewing)Pavilion. Traditionally, On the day of the Double Ninth Festival (the ninth day of the ninth lunar month ), the emperor ,his consort, and his concubines would climb up to Yujing Pavilion to enjoy the scenery.

At the southeastern corner of the Garden is Jiangxue(Crimson Snowy) Verandah. Nearby to the southwest lies Yangxing Study (study of the cultivation of nature) .The yangxing study was used as a royal library during the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty. The last emperor of the Qing Dynasty, Puyi once studied English there. In front of the Jiangxue Verandah some Chinese flowering crabapples grow. The structure got its name from the crabapples who blossoms trun from crimson to snowy white. In front of the Verandah, there grows a rare flower that was brought from henna Province under the order of Empress dowager Cixi. In the northest is Chizao Tang (Hall of Using Flowery Language), once used as a library where rare books were stored.

There are also specific pavilions symbolizing the four seasons .The halls of Wanchun and Qianqiu ,representing spring and autumn respectively ,are square in shape and are coupled with multiple eaves and bell-shape and are coupled with multiple eaves and bell-shaped ridges. The halls of Chengrui and Fubi,dedecated to winter and summer, are characterized by two verandahs and bridges at their bases .Paths were paved with colorful pebbles and arranged in 900 different designs.

The Imperial Garden can be accessed through the Qiong yuan (Jade Garden )West gate or the qiong yuan east gate. A third gate, the shunzhen(Obedience and Fidelity)Gate, opens to the north. Its doors are laid in glazed tiles and it was only used by the empress or concubines.

As our tour of the Forbidden City draws to a close, I hope that I have helped you understand why the Palace is a treasure of China and one of the cultural relics of the world. It is under the strict protection of the Chinese government. Since 1949 when the people` s Rupublic of China was founded, nearly one trillion RMB was spent on its restoration and refurbishment. The Forbidden City has undergone four major facelifts to date. Each year, the government earmarks a large sum to gather, sort and study cultural relics. The Palace now contains a total of 930,000cultural relics. Well, so much for today .Let` s go to reboard the coach. Thank you !

雪玉洞是我国洞穴发育中最年轻的洞穴，具有很高的观赏价值和科学价值。洞内百分之八十的钟乳石“洁白如雪，质纯似玉”，被中国洞穴协会会长朱学稳教授命名为“雪玉洞”。雪峪洞全长1644米，已开发出1166米的旅游线路。它有三层，分为六大旅游区。

直到八万年到五万五千年间，雪玉洞才在龙河边开始发育。一万年前，洞穴内的环境发生了变化，有利于次生生化物质的产生和发展。在其他洞穴中，钟乳石景观一般形成于几万至几十万年前，质地老化，色泽暗淡。

雪玉洞除少数有四万至五万年历史外，在三千三百年至一万年之间形成了辽阔多彩、美丽的沉积景观。这些山洞景观就像一群花季少女，正处于快速成长期。洞穴沉积物景观的增长率一般为每百年1毫米左右，而雪玉洞则为每百年33毫米。

雪玉企鹅

这种企鹅状的地盾由碳酸盐岩构成。它有4米多高。是多有洞穴中的石盾之王，为世所罕见。地盾与地面垂直生长，很难形成下垂的护盾落差，这是与壁盾的一个重要区别。

沙场秋点兵

这是世界上最大、数量最多的塔珊瑚花群。它的名字来源于南宋大词人辛弃疾写给同甫的一首《壮词》。

鹅管林

它的学名是“鹅管”，它是由重力水从洞顶滴下形成的。因其白色和鹅毛管而得名。这里的鹅管重叠并倒挂在空中，密度是世界上最高的。

石旗之王

它是一面巨大的石旗。它是在洞内连续流动形成的一种薄而透明的碳酸钙沉积物。其垂直悬挂高度约8m，为世界之高，形成时间约为5万年。它薄如蝉翼，晶莹剔透，巧夺天工，让世人瞩目崇拜。

朋友们，今天我们要游览的景点是大同的九龙壁。游览时间2小时左右，游览过程中请不要拍照，更不要触摸壁身。现在呢，请大家再次核对一下旅游车牌照和小张的手机号，有什么事情请及时与我联系。

九龙壁建于明代洪武末年，是明太祖朱元璋第十三个儿子代王朱桂府前的照壁，与北京故宫九龙壁、北海九龙壁合称为“中国三大九龙壁”。可惜王府于崇祯末年毁于兵火。九龙壁因隔和阳街而立才得以保存。20xx年6月25日，大同九龙壁作为明代古建筑，被国务院批准列入第五批全国重点文物保护单位名单。

九龙壁座南朝北，东西长45.5米，壁高8米，厚2.02米，是中国现存规模最大，历史最悠久的一座龙壁，堪称中国九龙壁之首。壁顶覆盖琉璃瓦，顶下由琉璃斗拱支撑。壁面由426块特制五彩琉璃拼砌而成，9条飞龙气势磅礴，飞腾之势跃然壁上。两侧是日月图案。龙的间隙由山石、花草图案填充，相映成趣。壁底是须弥座，高2.09米，上雕41组二龙戏珠图案。腰部由75块琉璃砖组成浮雕，有牛、马、羊、狗、鹿、兔等多种动物形象，生动活泼。九龙壁最美的时候是朝阳升起之时，那时的九龙壁沐浴在耀眼的光辉里，巨龙仿佛在流云中穿行，犹如真龙再现，引人入胜。

不同于北京北海与故宫九龙壁，大同九龙壁的龙爪是四爪龙，这就区别了代王与皇帝的地位差别，不过这也足见代王在当朝的地位。

领略了九龙壁的磅礴气势，大家一定很好奇九龙壁的来历吧，呵呵，不急不急，接下来就由我来为大家说道说道~是这样的：明太祖朱元璋第十三个儿子朱桂从小不读诗文，秉性顽劣，脾气古怪，要星星不敢给月亮，吃猪尾巴拿牛头也换不来。朱元璋在分封藩王时就封他为豫王，后改封代王，镇守大同。代王到了大同，横行街里，经常无故杀人，大同百姓背地叫他“愣怔代王”。而代王的正妃徐氏呢，是个又丑又妒的泼妇，一次竟把代王的两个漂亮待女满脸涂上锅底黑，以泄妒火。就这样，两口子把大同城搅得鸡犬不宁，民不聊生。

朱元璋立燕王继承王位后，代王就大闹金殿嚷着也要当皇帝。朱元璋没法子，只好在大同城内大兴土木，修建宫殿，让代王过过皇帝瘾。至今大同古城内还有“皇城街”、“正殿街”、“东华门”等街道名称，都是旧皇宫的遗址。

一天，这位愣王爷忽然想去燕地看四哥朱棣。燕王对他又烦又怕，但又无可奈何，只好捺着性子三天一小宴五天一大宴地款待着。一天代王酒足饭饱在王府外闲逛，看见王府门前新修了一座琉璃九龙壁，就吵嚷着要在大同的皇宫前也造一座，并撒泼把图样带回了大同。王妃知道后，要求一定要比燕王府的龙壁长二尺、高二尺、厚二寸，代王无奈，只好应允，所以大同的九龙壁规模最大，故宫里的那座也比不了它。

半年以后，九龙壁建成。代王朱桂、老将军徐达及其女儿王妃徐氏登上城楼凭栏观赏，阳光下壁顶的琉璃瓦光彩耀眼，壁面上的九条琉璃彩龙栩栩如生。代王高兴得大声叫好。一会儿，浓云密布，下起雨来。代王便命人掌灯，宫灯齐亮时，透过雨帘，彩壁上九龙浴水，扑朔迷离，别有一番情趣，于是有了雨中戏龙一说。

代王又叫了一声好，忽然空中接连三声惊雷。朱桂一惊，恍惚看见从天上飞来一黑一黄两条龙，在壁前吐水如泉。原来，龙壁上的龙以假乱真，引来天上的巨龙送来了甘霖。雨后彩虹当空，晚霞通红，沐浴过的九龙壁更加璀璨夺目，代王忙命人前去打探龙壁有无伤痕。回来的人禀报，龙壁后面的金泊仓三步之内被雷炸出了一甜一苦两眼井，就是现在的金泊仓两步两眼井，也是九龙壁一景。龙壁前还被雷轰了一个坑，里面积满了碧水，代王就让人在壁前砌了一个水池。水池引入两井的水，甜水食用，苦水治病。九条龙倒映在水中，风吹水动，像游龙戏水，成为九龙壁的又一景。

好啦，讲解就到这里了，下面呢就由大家自己欣赏啦！2小时后在这里集合，祝您旅途愉快！

“千尺横梁压水低，轻舟仰卧人回溪”，进入内洞就宛如置身仙境龙宫了。内洞更大于外洞，面积约3500平方米，洞内钟乳石、石笋、石幔、石柱、石钟、地下泉水众多。“神龙见首不见尾”，在洞内你就可以见到两龙的龙身、龙爪、龙尾了。其他主要景观有“晴雨石”等数十多个岩溶景观，琳琅满目，惟妙惟肖，游客至此，都会忘记尘世的喧嚣，体验“洞中方一日，人间已三载”的神奇。

洞口双龙独居特色，下面为我们展示下双龙进洞的标准方式哦，值得你体验，惊险无限!

外洞宽敞高广，面积约1200平方米，可容千人集会。常年洞温保持在17℃左右，冬暖夏凉。特别是在炎热夏日，金华人和游客到洞中纳凉已成千古风俗，比起天然空调，则有过之而无不及，古人形容得好：上山汗如雨，入洞一身凉。

1)摩崖石刻：外洞洞壁有众多摩崖石刻，洞口北壁“双龙洞”三字，传为唐人手迹，后由民国交通次长临摹刻撰;南壁“洞天”二字，为宋代书法家吴琳的墨宝;“三十六洞天”五个大字，则为国民党元老、近代书法家于佑任先生之手笔;*里边石壁上还有“水石奇观”石刻和清代名人探洞游记碑刻;近代合肥游人的“双龙洞”三字石刻，很有趣味，他将“龙”字反刻，寓意双龙洞的两龙头，要站在洞厅内往外反过来看，才能看到他们的真面貌。

2)吕先生藏身：外洞厅北有一挂黄色“石瀑”，俨然是古人衣袍，这就是传说的“吕先生藏身”景点，相传八仙之一 的吕洞宾曾隐身于此，又有传说是，有个村姑誓不嫁抢她的财主，被锁困在洞中，吕洞宾就是从这里去营救洞中的村姑的。靠厅北尽头就是“骆驼仰首”、“石蛙窥穴”、“雄狮迈步”、“金鹞展翅” 等景观，特别是洞中的岩溶景观“仙人田”层层叠叠，使人不由产生来到世外的感觉。.

3)屏石横亘：内外洞之间有巨大的屏石横亘相隔，仅有狭窄的地下河相通，河长15 余米，宽3米多。要想进入内洞，只有屏息仰卧小船中，逆水擦岩而过，不得稍做抬头，否则就有碰破鼻尖之虞，很是惊险，游览方式为世界独有。古诗云“洞中有洞洞中泉，欲觅泉源卧小船”就是描写历史上就是如此探洞的。明朝的地理学家、旅行家徐霞客在420xx年前，则是向洞前的潘老太太借了澡盆，解衣游进双龙内洞的。

4)金华山八洞之首：明代的徐霞客根据双龙洞“外有二门，中悬重幄，水陆兼奇，幽明凑异”的独特景观特点和价值，把它列为“金华山八洞”。

金华自古以优越的地理和交通条件为商家倚重，是历史上商业繁华的地区之一.金华物产丰富，“金华火腿”和“金华酥饼”两个传统名产更是名扬海外，其它花茶、藕粉、佛手在全国知名度很高。此外，金华白字酒、寿生酒、佛手酒、义乌南枣、东阳木雕、浦江麦杆画、草编、剪纸、永康灰鹅、方岩玩具、兰溪蜜枣、花猪等在省内外享有较高声誉.改革开放后涌现出的义乌中国小商品城也以逐渐系统化，近年相当活跃，以小见大，以多见长，物廉价美，市场充满一片繁荣景象。其他如永康中国科技五金城、金华工商城、浦江书画市场、磐安特产城等20余个特大型、大中型购物市场，使金华成为辐射国内外的物质集散中心，被誉为“购物天堂”。

浙江武义牛头山国家森林公园，位于有“江南华清池，浙中桃花源”之美誉的浙江省武义县境内，距武义县 城60公里，总面积1327.69公顷。公园属中山地貌，峰峦叠嶂，高耸云霄，千米以上山峰林立，牛头山，海拔1560米，不仅由仙而名，更因水而灵。古树断崖 相伴的碧湖悬瀑，皮筏漂流、爬坡戏 浪等激情诱惑，让游宾在访仙问道之余，可拥抱激流而抵达快乐生命的巅峰。牛头山神牛谷漂流，峰险崖峭，峡 深流急。漂流全程3公里，大小落差有20余个，*高落差有2.6米，两岸林密 岩奇，兽跃禽飞，和谐怡然，派原始 景象。良好植被的水源涵养和水质净化，造就了可与九寨沟媲美的秀水。 河流顺山势而下，千回百转，曲径通幽，大有“山水复疑无路，柳岸花明又 一村”的新奇。

长隆欢乐世界地处广州番禺迎宾路，首期占地面积1000多亩，游乐设施近70项。欢乐世界引进了瑞士、荷兰、德国、意大利、美国等全球领先的游乐设备公司的设备，其中包括：垂直过山车, 十环过山车、摩托过山车、U型摩天滑板和超级水车大战等。

长隆欢乐世界分为儿童游乐项目为主的适合全家游玩的哈比王国、以大型惊险刺激设备为主的尖叫地带、以中古欧洲风格为主的旋风岛、以水为主题的、以表演为主的长隆水上乐园，中心演艺广场、以休闲为主的白虎大街六大主题园区。同时，为满足小朋友全天候游乐的需求，还建立了大规模的室内恒温儿童游乐城。

长隆欢乐世界365天开放，游园时间：

周一至周五：09:30——18:00，

周六、周日：09:30——19:00。

黄金周与暑假将延长关园时间。

长隆欢乐世界介绍

长隆欢乐世界是长隆集团世界级旅游王国中一颗新的明珠，位于中国首批5A级旅游景区长隆旅游度假区的中心位置，是集乘骑游乐、特技剧场、巡游表演、生态休闲、特色餐饮、主题商店、综合服务于一体，具国际先进技术和管理水平的超大型世界顶尖主题游乐园。

长隆欢乐世界采用了欧陆风格设计，长隆欢乐世界开创了国内欧陆式游乐园模式之先河。国内游乐园大多重主题包装轻游乐设备，而长隆欢乐世界重游乐设备和自然生态环境，长隆欢乐世界采用国际一流的、最先进的游乐设备，科技含量非常高，结合长隆版块原有自然、生态特色，长隆欢乐世界让游客在优美的自然生态环境中体验刺激、享受愉悦，放松身心。

独有八项亚洲及世界之最

长隆欢乐世界由国际著名的主题乐园设计机构主持总体规划，游乐设备均从欧洲原装进口，其设计与技术保持国际领先水准。并创造了八项亚洲及世界之最，创造或打破了中国世界纪录协会多项世界之最纪录。

1、垂直过山车被誉为“全球最顶尖过山车之王”，是长隆欢乐世界20xx年春节最新引进的王牌项目，由世界上最知名的过山车制造商Bolliger&Mabillard公司研发制造，是全球最顶尖的过山车和游乐设施。

2、十环过山车荣获吉尼斯世界纪录，全世界第二台(仅在英国有一台)、亚洲首次引进，由全球著名游乐设备提供商Intamin公司设计制造，创造了游乐设备环数最多的吉尼斯世界记录。 3、摩托过山车是东半球首台，其0到80公里弹射式加速仅需2.8秒，可与F1赛车速度相媲美，并获得世界游乐行业协会年度设计金奖。

4、U型滑板是世界最大、亚洲第一台，30多米高的巨型滑板，急速下滑与急速旋转双重体验，是园内最刺激的游乐设备之一。

5、超级大摆锤是世界最新最眩的大型机动游乐设备，由德国HUSS公司原厂进口, 号称“全球最大摆锤” 最高时速110公里/小时,最大摆幅240度,带您飞上42米高空, 天旋地转之间，令人目炫神迷，惊心动魄。

6、世界最大水陆空特效剧场——国际特技剧场，现正上演《惊爆危机岛》，由全球顶尖特技导演全程监制，国际著名特技大师倾情上演，结合爆破、枪战、烟火、声光、机动设备、滑水、高空特技等多种尖端特效，出其不意 ，精彩绝伦，好莱坞动作大片真实再现。

7、亚洲最大的四维影院，现正上演《快乐大脚》，由世界最先进立体数码影视技术全新创作，融合9大座椅效果与多项世界顶尖特效，国际一流四维影视班底精心雕琢，长隆独家打造，精彩全球独享。

8、号称“世界水上游乐之王”、老少皆宜的超级水战也是在亚洲首次引进。

Suzhou is Chinas important historical and cultural city, the famous scenic tourist city, is also the first Chinese excellent tourism city. Suzhou is located in the middle of the Yangtze river delta, east Chinas largest industrial, financial and trade center of Shanghai, the south zhejiang, west taihu lake, in the north the Yangtze river. Districts with a total area of 8488 square kilometers and a population of 5.839 million people, including 2.124 million people in the city. Now administer, zhangjiagang, changshu, kunshan, taicang, wujiang city, wuzhong district, suzhou city, at pingkiang area, canglang district, gold Chang area, and suzhou industrial park, suzhou high-tech zone. Suzhou in a temperate climate, fertile land, rich products, since the ancient times known as "paradise on earth".

Suzhou is an old city, was founded in 514 BC, more than 2500 years of history, is located on the location of the spring and autumn period, basic maintained a "surface parallel, river street" that face the double chessboard pattern and "small bridge, flowing water, somebody else" of of primitive simplicity style. Within the territory of 487 cultural relics, including national level 15, 101 at the provincial level. In China only the most intact water gates - pan gate is located in the south of the ancient city of suzhou panmen gate scenic spot.

Suzhou is east shuicheng. Water area accounts for 42% of the total area, lakes and rivers dotted, one of Chinas four largest fresh water lake taihu lake, four 5 of the waters within their borders, dongshan, xishan, light blessing, the existing shek wu, yushan, shanghu lake scenic area distribution, meanwhile, the world-famous the beijing-hangzhou grand canal runs through the north and south.

The city of suzhou is a garden. Classical gardens in the city is the treasure of world culture and art, embodied the essence of Oriental gardening art. Now well-preserved classical garden has more than 60 place, Chinas four big gardens, the humble administrators garden, lingering garden two. Humble administrators garden, lingering garden, mountain villa with embracing beauty, master of the nets garden, lion grove, nursery, decoupling garden, surging wave pavilion, scientific park nine classical garden has been UNESCO world heritage list.

It is the birthplace of celebrities.of in suzhou. Literary world in the history of sage, painting, calligraphy, seal cutting, poetry genre. Pingtan, kunqu opera, Su Ju is regarded as a "three flowers" suzhou culture, kunqu opera is a "human oral and non-material heritage representative work"; Suzhou embroidery, k o-ssu, jade carving, clay sculpture, wood carving and {sung} brocade exquisite handicrafts enjoys a good reputation both at home and abroad; Classical architecture, like the ancient temples, pagodas, ancient bridge has a very high historical position.

Suzhou is a model of jiangnan water town, which is representative of kunshan zhouzhuang, jinxi, the mudu wuzhong, Lu straight, wujiang tongli. These ancient town in full, a large number of houses of the Ming and qing dynasties, maintained the original ancient style, water features, folk customs and pastoral scenery, has a high cultural value, social and cultural research value and value in architectural art.

Dedicated to the protection of the ancient city of suzhou, development and utilization, is returning to seven shan in the original historical style and features, mining and finishing around the distribution in ancient village. Built opera, crafts, folk custom, the botanical garden, suzhou embroidery, inscriptions, silk and other 12 museum. At the same time, the comprehensive control on the river, open water travel with distinctive features, and formed a batch of tourism, culture, trade in one of the characteristics of block.

Travel to suzhou, not only can appreciate the extensive and profound of celebrities.of, experience the wonderful hard-currency step one scene, still can enjoy.

1980年时又加以全面修复。现在的兰亭，融秀美的山水风光，雅致的园林景观，独享的书

坛盛名，丰厚的历史文化积淀于一体，以“景幽、事雅、文妙、书绝”四大特色而享誉海内外，是中国一外重要的名胜古迹，名列中

国四大名亭之一。其内涵可以用“一序”、“三碑”、“十一景”来概况：“一序”即《兰亭序》;“三碑”即鹅池碑、兰亭碑、御

碑;“十一景”即鹅池、小兰亭、曲水流觞、流觞亭、御碑亭、临池十八缸、王右军祠、书法博物馆、古驿亭、之镇、乐池。

来到兰亭，不妨让我来介绍一下王羲之。

王羲之生于公元303年，山东琅琊人，卒于公元361年，葬于嵊县(今嵊州市)金庭，享年59岁。王羲之出生于书法世家，从小得

到前辈书法家的指导。幼年时曾向他的姨妈，著名女书法家卫夫人学习书法。后来他博采众长，自辟蹊径，创造出研美流畅的新体。

人们赞誉他的书法“如天上的浮云，如受惊的神龙”。

[各位，兰亭的第一部分是鹅池。王羲之爱好养鹅人所共知，故兰亭有鹅池一景以纪念这位大书法家。据说，山阴地方一位老道

，想求王羲之写一本“黄庭经”，他知道王羲之喜欢白鹅，于是就特地养了一群逗人喜爱的白鹅，王羲之路过，见白鹅羽毛白净，形

态优美，不由得驻足不前，进而要求买鹅，道士说：“钱我不要，只要你写本《黄庭经》”。羲之欣然答应，笔走龙蛇，不过半日，

经成搁笔，道士已把群鹅用笼子装好。这就是“书成换白鹅”的故事。

进大门，穿过修竹小径和淙淙小溪，迎面出现一座三角形碑亭，碑上刻着两个大字：“鹅池”。这是兰亭中有关王羲之的第一块碑石

。相传王羲之当年在绍兴做官，一天正当他兴致勃勃书写“鹅池”时，刚写完“鹅”字，皇帝圣旨送到，王羲之只好搁笔下跪接旨。

他的儿子王献之顺手提笔一挥，续写了一个“池”字。大家看这两个字，“鹅”瘦“池”肥。这块碑成为书法史上著名的“父子碑”

各位客人，大家好。我是这次带领你们的小导游刘俊熙，你们可以叫我小刘。现在我就向大家介绍一下我们的校园吧。进了校园的大门，绕过大堂，就来到了文化长廊。文化长廊的门上两边写着两句诗句。

进了文化长廊的门就可以看见一排桌椅。这些桌子上都写着许多诗句。在诗句的旁边还画着杜甫和李白。画画的人把李白和杜甫画得栩栩如生，好像他们就在我们的眼前似的。有些同学放学后来这里做作业、读古诗、跳绳……走完长廊就来到了雅慧广场。雅慧广场的正中央有一幅世界地图。这幅地图上用不同颜色标明了不同的地方。。有些同学下课或放学的时候会来这里跳格子、踢毽子或交流什么地方有什么美丽的景色。看完雅慧广场就来到了地理生物园。地理生物园里有火山内部结构模型、学生老师种下的菜、地球表面模型和地球内部模型。

有的时候老师会带同学们来学习地理。地理生物园的对面就是操场。操场上有一个足球场。你知道足球场上的草为什么不会枯萎吗?;就让我来告诉你吧，因为那些是人造草。足球场是被一个红色塑胶跑道围着的。这个红色塑胶跑道有三条道，共长200米。在体育课的时候老师会让我们在操场上做有益的活动。这就是我们美丽的校园，谢谢各位客人的参观。欢迎再次光临。

一听到“槟榔谷”这个名称，我首先想到的是山谷都种满了槟榔，不知道大家是否和我有一样的想法。今天就让我带着大家实地去考察一下吧。

听导游介绍槟榔谷是国家5A级旅游景区，而且是我国首家民族文化型5A级景区，槟榔谷还是国家非物质文化遗产生产性保护基地，这里也是海南原住民黎族的聚居地。

走进景区，映入眼帘的是成百上千的槟榔树。槟榔树和椰子树的外形差不多，不过槟榔树比椰子树的树干细，只有碗口那么粗。海南人有嚼食槟榔的习惯，嚼食槟榔时，嘴巴是红色的。好像喝血的恶魔，十分恐怖。

我们来到了一个小小的博物馆。这里放着许多黎族祖先打猎、生产劳作时用的道具，全是用树枝手工做的。有一个外型像弓箭的道具，但它的体型却比弓箭小得多，介绍说叫驽，是一种小型弓箭。

接着我们走进了一家专门展览衣服的屋子。一进去，便可以看见一件件看上去非常粗糙的衣服。仔细看了介绍，才知道这些衣服是用树皮做成的，就是最近很火的一部电影《战狼2》里那，世界上最毒的树——见血封喉树的树皮制作的。这种树的树汁有剧毒，如果身上有伤口的，伤口碰到了树汁，三分钟后就会因心脏麻痹而死亡，如果用它的树叶来生火，眼睛一被烟熏到，立刻失明。但这种树的树皮做成的衣服特别耐穿，一般穿三代人都不会烂……”

我们又去了黎族人家的村子，了解了当地的风土人情，还看到了黎族最后的一批纹身女，她们最年轻的都有60多岁了。但依旧精神矍铄地在织着黎族特有的黎锦。想起在黎锦博物馆中看到的那些100多年前的先辈织的被子、衣服，不禁由衷赞叹我们祖先的勤劳与灵巧。

读万里书，不如行万里路。再一次，我为我国的大好河山折腰，为各民族博大精深的文化所震撼。

大明湖真不愧是胜景云集，济南八景中四景都在这里，前边三个我们都已提到了，这最后一处是哪儿呢?曾吸引多少文人墨客，如今却已不复存在了。鹊华桥的旧址在百花洲和大明湖的中间，东西向单孔拱形石桥，高数丈，与道同宽，桥下可乘画舫由百花洲驶入大明湖。桥四周水草青青，花木扶疏，站在桥上极目远眺可以看见北郊鹊、华二山幽静清丽，含黛呈秀，两山相对并峙，如一双绿裳仙人遥遥对舞。青山碧野，村舍寥寂，烟雾迷漫，朦胧如纱，这便是“鹊华烟雨”。抗战胜利后王跃武盘踞在济南，粮仓建在鹊华桥西，把山东图书馆做为军火库，为运输粮草方便，下令拆桥。从此，这一胜景也不复存在了。

最后我们到了大明湖的南门牌坊。在济南人心目中，这座牌坊可是大明湖的标志，坊高8.38米，宽147.7米，为“五间七踩重昂单檐”式，坊顶呈“三阶错落”式，覆金黄色琉璃瓦，富丽堂皇，飞檐起背，造型优美。牌坊由六根朱红大柱支撑，另有十二根朱红柱为斜撑，整体造型雄伟状观，极有气势。上面匾额上有“大明湖”三个鎏金大字，阳光映照，熠熠生辉，是山东登州人于书佃所书。最奇怪的就是大明湖的明字竟写错了，大家看看究竟错在哪?……对了，就是左边的“日”字多了一横，这是为什么呢?原因还要从趵突泉说起，传说趵突泉的三股泉水涌出地面，沿着河道向前流，最后来到了大明湖，看到这里风光秀丽，非常喜爱，再也不愿回去，就偷偷地爬上来，躲在了这个“日”字里面，不仔细还真瞧不出来。从此，大明湖的“明”字就多了一笔。