鼋头渚仙岛导游词(实用20篇)

进入峪内，各位是不是感觉比外面要暖和一些呢?大家请看，两侧是悬崖绝壁，四周群山环抱，这样就使峪内外空气不易流通，因而造成了峪内独特的气候特点，在烈日炎炎的夏天，峪内却凉爽宜人，在峪外天寒地冻之时，峪内却青草不枯，仿佛处在恒久的温暖中，故也叫温盘峪。

朋友们，我们继续向前行，来到了子房湖，在汉朝建国初，张良在帮助刘邦建立汉业之后，功高震主，惟恐遭到刘的毒害，再三恳求，告老还乡而去。张良回到家乡之后，仍然坐卧不安，觉得还不太保险，便偷偷地微服出行，隐居到了云台山。因张良字子房，故此处的村庄叫子房村，湖叫“子房湖”。沿湖而行，可见对面山峦中有“达摩峰”。相传印度僧人达摩来中国传教，到达少林寺，面壁10年仍常有杂念涌入心头，于是走出寺庙，要找一处绝妙的静处修行。后来就来到去台山，在子房湖西畔山峦上静坐。此处人迹罕至，达摩高居山巅，终山岚流云为伴，山灵一片净化像山样入定下来，不久即化仙而去，此处则留下了“达摩峰。

过了漫水桥，我们来到了泉瀑峡，大家请看，这里山雄水秀，峰高瀑急，青山四合，犹如仙阁，可见大自然的鬼斧神工是多么的巧妙。

朋友们，一路欢歌一路美景，不知不觉中我们来到了老潭沟的尽头，俗话说：“游云台，赞云台，不到天瀑不算来”，这就是最著名的云台天瀑，落差达314米，宽约5—7米，是亚洲目前发现的落差最大的瀑布，天瀑之高雄冠九州!“此时飞流直下三千尺，疑是银河落九天”的千古名言定会涌上你的心头。她盛水期间气壮山河，淡水之时，仪态万千，大家请看，瀑布上端朵朵白云，又好像团团棉絮，悠悠飘落，连绵不绝，下端宛如飞花溅玉，溅起1米多高的水花，又化成一团水雾，把瀑布罩在蒙蒙的雾中。它既表现了力量，又体现了柔美，让人感觉充满了活力，精神振奋。

出了老潭沟不远，有石桥横架河谷，通往潭瀑峡，又叫小寨沟，这里三步一泉，五步一瀑，十步一潭，呈现出千变万化的飞瀑，流泉，彩潭，奇石等景观，风光怡人，宛若秀丽江南，故得雅号“潭瀑川”。过了减肥石，又见金龙卧波，再往前行，眼前豁然开朗，浪花翻滚的丫字瀑布带着清新和凉意向您扑面而来。

再往前走，就是清漪池，这里水浅而清澈，色彩艳丽，青苔把一潭水映得碧绿无尘，人说“水至清则无鱼”，但这里却有鱼，为了适应水清的环境，鱼身逐渐变得透明，几乎和水一样了。

好了，朋友们，因时间关系，今天的讲解就到这里了，谢谢各位的支持!

Originally the peony is Chinas famous traditional flowers, wild plants, and thorns, mainly from the qinghai-tibet plateau in China, the Yellow River basin, bashan qinling of zhongtiao mountains, shanxi, henan, funiu and MangShan and other regions, the original peony community can be traced back to 3000 years ago.

In luoyang peony cultivation, according to historical records: began in sui and sheng in the tang dynasty. "Name of guilin" in northern song dynasty period "SuiZhi · plain question" in a "qingming festival times 5, peony China". Since sui, peony on the basis of folk culture, begin to enter the royal garden, become a pet palace. In 604 AD, emperor yangdi capital luoyang company, monarch xiyuan weeks in 200, a variety of royal peony peony became the first in the history of Chinese. When tang and song dynasty, luoyang has been in the capital, capital position, cultivation, ornamental peony FengRi sheng. The tang dynasty poet bai juyis "flower bloom 20, if people are crazy" of a city is true portraiture of the situation at that time. Royal today, temples garden, private garden, with the song dynasty neo-confucianism shao yung has written "festival only two world, the world famous heavy luoyang" of a sentence, can want to at that time, the luoyang garden house, the flower of the spectacular. Each to bloom "emperor city spring sunset, cry cry chariots and horses, a total of the peony, hand to buy flowers." Become a beautiful landscape city of luoyang. Poet liu yuxi "but the peony true national color, the blossoms to move the capital" and the song dynasty scholar sima guang "luoyang spring the most prosperous, red and green among 10 m, who is the flower, like the splendid, people will be splendid study group spent." All paint luoyang people eat during tang and song dynasties frenzy.

All is Chinas famous hundreds of flowers, long, enlisted qunfang, but only the peony high grade. It flowers gigantic, wide variety, the myriad of feminine beauty, crown recalled. Concept of "ancient and modern florilegium, more than 360 kinds of beauties, none but with peony comparison. Therefore, known as" the king of flowers ". And the luoyang is located in the central plains, mild climate, rainfall is moderate, suitable for the growth of peony. The song dynasty writer ouyang xiu in luoyang high rank, he enjoyed the luoyang places of interest, have a special liking to the luoyang peony, author of "luoyang peony". His "luoyang ley spent the most appropriate, particularly heaven" peony verse says the luoyang peony growing advantageous natural conditions.

It is said that long time ago, wild peony on MangShan people not expensive, often cut the wood, a young very pity, transplanting it hospital, elaborate care. In a handkerchief, embroidered peony flowers. The young man wondered, was about to ask girls suddenly disappeared. XiuPa, but see a top have a poem: "name of luoyang, Mang range for my home. Are you feeling heavy, spring to see the wonderful work." In the second year spring, the youth was certainly rich gorgeous peony trapped in the home, graceful, from then on he would make a living by planting peony, family became more and more abundant. Point of view, the legendary the epigenetic the luoyang is the earliest "peony growing expert".

Since the tang dynasty, thousands of years, made a number of cultivation of luoyang peony skillful craftsman. Liuzhou, record the recorded: "song single parent, word ZhongRu, poetry, good plant. All peony one thousand kinds, red and white color, people do not know its operation,d called to mount li (li) plant ten thousand copies, individual color, give daughter, imperial secretary call division for flowers." All previous dynasties scholars intone the luoyang peony flow spit relapsed, KuangDai unique appearance of verse. Tang wang also really write the luoyang peony, "peony enchanting disorderly, a country such as crazy do." Great poet bai juyi wrote in a poem "flowers", "ten households in a clump of dark flower, fu", "fan of every acquisition for customs, all in one", the poem says the luoyang peonys precious and peoples love of the peony. It is said that tang tai years, spring, on the day of li han Leon, the temple to watch the peony, asked the painter Cheng Xiu f: "sung today Beijing city peony poems, who headed?" Cheng answer: "in the book scheeren lee cloud: freed national color to the wine, day sweet night dyed garments." Leon listen to praise, he said the luoyang peony "amusement", so the peony has the reputation of "amusement".

Thousands of years, luoyang peony beautiful, various, gorgeous and charming. Ouyang xius "guest said recent years old take specific, often conjure up a hydraulic-powered tree-trimmers" speaks the truth. In the history of sheng peony varieties of up to 119 a. Now has more than 500 varieties, in a nutshell, can be divided into three, nine, ten. Three categories, namely, single head, start and mixed type. This is according to the classification in the number of flowers, flower for single headdress flower, flower for double flowers, three for three peony flowers. Nine color is red, pink, purple, blue, yellow, white, green design and color, such as this are classified according to the color of the peony. Ten type mainly based on what the luoyang peony petals, size, flower arrangement and the morphological characteristics of classification. In the 19th century, British scholar evolution Darwin in his masterpiece "on the origin of species" quoted ecological variation of luoyang peony, as proof of his theory of "evolution". The song dynasty, luoyang yao yao peoples yellow and developing the erros of prime minister Wei Renbo home Wei Zi known as kao, flower after respectively. "Yao yellow one, and the brilliant breath is like cutting". Candidates.if your years, luoyang has pressed the song god yao yellow flower, flower large feet 2 inches, he excited, regardless of the reigns of his identity, and placed it over his head, visible, the emperors obsession in the peony, and from then on famously.

Since the tang and song dynasty, many bookman at a magnificently for peony poem writing, form a plethora of peony culture, and deduces many myths and legends about peony, soft smell things.

Legend, lunar month two years should, xiking changan heavy snow, wu zetian drinking poetry, on an impulse drunk pen write fen book: "swim Ming dynasty garden, rushing harbinger, stamen overnight, mo monring winds to blow." Flowers not this life, open overnight, peony not violations in season alone, shut the core. Wu zetian rage, peony fall out of changan, sent in luoyang, and to the stake. Peony has been the rule, the body such as coke; But branch do not come loose, standing still in the freezing cold, next year when the spring breeze blow, more brilliant flowers, known as "focal bone peony".

Another legend of peony, it is tang clear huang lung-chi lee kai jade bracelet ChenXiangTing vigil changan palace, the "harem of three thousand people, three thousand pet in a" your princess, hearing the luoyang peony has been in full bloom, and the wood in the JinYuan peony is at the end of the bud, then make the imperial secretary drum rush, flowers are still does not open, she was in a rage, will all fall to luoyang peony. Luoyang peony in Tokyo, in a flash, bright flowers branches, blooming together. In fact, with scientific attitude, xi an and luoyang on the same latitude line, but the temperature and humidity are slightly lower than luoyang, luoyang, west across the mountains, and in the MangShan Yang, the chang an early spring. Therefore, generation by Li Baiyou "qingping tune" word "taken two phase huan pour countries, often have the Kings grinned see, explain the infinite hate, dongfeng ChenXiangTing north lean on a railing" flea in jade bracelet, is the imperial concubine bear a grudge, derogatory generation by hyperbole, lifelong grief may not be the volunteers.

These legends show peony jubilant, unwavering in style, it is also the clank iron character of the Chinese nation and integrity.

Since luoyang peony enjoys a good reputation at home and abroad, to buy an endless stream, sui and tang dynasties frequent exchanges between China and Japan, luoyang peony spread to Japan, the Japanese peoples distribution of wealth. Neighbor north Korea, South Korea is also widely cultivated in China, then, the americas, Europe, many countries have successively introduced, called the luoyang peony flower "China" or "flower days god". Soldiers in song dynasty, the central plains, luoyang today, peony cultivation, breeding and subsequently fails, moved to the southern city of hangzhou. Jing and bright state, tsaochow people since the law transplant peony, become the new peony resort. Sichuan day peng are luoyang peony famous plant, jiangsu yancheng, since then, luoyang peony throughout China. After the founding of new China, due to the experienced the vicissitudes of life, luoyang peony only more than 30 varieties. In the autumn of 1959, prime minister Zhou Si to luoyang tractor factory, and specifically about the situation of the luoyang peony. Premier zhous concern caused the luoyang city government attaches great importance to, quickly return to expand acreage, one after another in the city park, the peony park; Xiyuan, can garden, open up the peony viewing area, and the new mail mountain national color peony, los pu park formed ten kilometers peony promenade, and built one thousand mu of peony gene pool; The peony as the city flower of luoyang NPC standing committee and was started in 1983 the annual peony show. From then on, the peony everywhere, every family, every day, to more than 500 peony varieties development. Yellow flowers every year, yao, Wei Zi, tsing lung lie the inkwell, drunken beauty peony famous brand, such as the charming attitude, see the flower heads, such as chi, like drunk, like a dream, like magic. Luoyang city park has set a record of every nearly 300000 people a day. Flower stage, residents rushed to view the city, town. Is: "watching flowers peony, everything all forget since I dont know."

With the peony show set each other off becomes an interest is luoyang peony Lantern Festival. Luoyang colored, gu sui, tang, more than 1000 years, has become a big people festival festival custom. In recent years, luoyang lanterns excellent reputation, become one of the three big Lantern Festival in China. Day to watch the peony night view of light, the annual peony show to a climax. Peony Lantern Festival every year, thousands of dye flow xia tao drunk all over the sky stars, wanjiadenghuo shook silent night sky. Such as lights, such as poetry. Painting colorful, make you dont know is oneself or human fairyland. More it is worth mentioning, winter 1994, national campaign "national flower" leadership team through the press candidates spent solution is: a country - the peony flower. At this point, an early nine dynasties rong snow clothe with silver, and luoyang refractory research institute a peony flower bed is a proud timely snow in full bloom, people sell, all without exception. Xinhua news agency and other dozens of news media scramble to report, exclaim, "national flower spread good news, the peony should know the snow laugh" wonders in one hundred.

In recent years, luoyang peony not only out of the country, but also sold to Japan, the United States, France, Singapore and other countries and Hong Kong, Macao and Chinese Taiwan regions, the end of the peony "can see cant buy" history. Peony have also made a series of scientific research achievements, the technology has the new breakthrough, basically achieved the "flowers bloom as well, spring to autumn to irrelevant", which laid a foundation for further development of luoyang peony.

Poets in lee ge fei has: "the world of governing revolution, hou to rise and fall of luoyang, rise and fall of luoyang, hou xing in garden waste." Temporal change, things change, all without exception shows people with a philosophy: goodsky flower glory. Today, our country is coruscate gives new vitality, the peony like rosy clouds in the east, adorn the expeditions of the earth. Peony, this eternal soul, telling us hard to think of the Chinese nation as an epic. Luoyang, luoyang peony to dress for the peony. The peony and the ancient capital of blame. Song times flowers, flower pregnant vitality; Luoyang peony is out of the country, go to the world of tie and bridge, peony, is the ancient capital of aesthetic badge, it will accompany the onward march of luoyang, towards a new brilliance.

After the September 18th Incident in 1931, the Japanese aggressors pushedforward step by step, and the treasures stored in Beiping Palace Museum moved tothe south. Under the chairmanship of Ma Heng, the president of the PalaceMuseum, about 200000 pieces of antiquities were removed from the palace museumafter selection, cataloguing, numbering and packing, including the travel map ofXi Shan.

The antiquities were stored in Shanghai, transported to Sichuan on the eveof the Anti Japanese War, moved back to Nanjing after the victory of the AntiJapanese War, and moved from Nanjing to Chinese Taiwan in 1948. Fortunately, althoughthe war was in chaos and the war was raging, the cultural relics weretransported for a long time and the roads were dangerous, but there was nodamage or loss. It was a miracle indeed.

The Palace Museum, located in waishuangxi, covers an area of 20 squaremeters. It was built in 1962 and completed in 1965 in commemoration of Sun YatSens birthday. The whole building imitates the form of the Palace Museum inBeijing and adopts the Chinese palace style design. It has a magnificentappearance and carries green mountains. It is where the elite art of Chinesecultural relics collection lies.

Before entering the Palace Museum Square, you can see a memorial archwaycomposed of six stone pillars. On the archway, you can see a bronze tripodengraved with the word "fraternity".

The collection of the Imperial Palace Museum in Chinese Taiwan includes the essenceof old Beijing, the Imperial Palace, Shenyang the Imperial Palace and theoriginal river and so on. There are about 700 thousand pieces of cultural relicsdonated by people from all walks of life at home and abroad. They are dividedinto 14 categories: calligraphy, ancient paintings, inscriptions, bronzes, jadearticles, ceramics, stationery, carved lacquers, enamels, sculptures,miscellaneous items, embroidery and silk, books, and literature. The museumoften maintains about 5000 pieces of calligraphy, painting and cultural relicson display, and holds various special exhibitions regularly or irregularly. Theexhibits in the museum are replaced every three months.

According to the calculation of 5000 exhibits every three months and 20000exhibits every year, there are 700000 pieces in the collection here, which canonly be seen in 35 years without falling down at a time. This is not comparableto the general Museum collection.

英文版虎丘导游词3篇

千年以来，虎丘山依托着秀美的景色，悠久的历史文化景观，享有着“吴中第一名胜”的美誉。下面是第一范文网带来的英文版虎丘导游词，希望可以帮助到大家。

篇一：英文版虎丘导游词

Hailed as "the first places of wuzhong" tiger, also known as master mountain, peak ground swell, tiger mound, located in the northwest of suzhous old city, 3.5 kilometers away from Chang door outside. Huqiu elevation 34.3 meters, covers an area of 20 hectares, the mountain for the 150 million - year - old Mesozoic Jurassic age of the magma eruption condenses rhyolite. Huqiu of cultural history can be traced back to two thousand five hundred years ago, has a long history and the ancient city of suzhou. In ancient times, tiger was in the gulf with a tidal island scenery, through the changes of the passage, poured out from the sea, eventually became isolated hill on the ground, people call it mountain swell. "What year master come? Bang ley, crack through the deep, towering embedded empty pale wall." Sung people Zheng Sixiao verse the origin of the image representation of the tiger. Now huqiu is far from the sea, people still can feel the sight of the sea, the sea of information.

"Tiger", a history has been nearly 2500 years, 496 BC prince he lu tetanus death, buried in the mountains, into the hole on the white tiger crouching faces grave after three days, so named tiger mountain. There are many places of historic interest in the park. YunYan temple tower (also called huqiu tower) at the national level cultural relics, broken Liang Dian for provincial cultural relic, the center of the beam into two beams and disconnect pick up, can see the broken seam. Song dynasty big literary giant su dongpo had more than one thousand years ago said that "to the suzhou and not swim huqiu is shame". Relying on since one thousand, the hu qiu hill with beautiful scenery, long history of cultural landscape, enjoy the reputation of the first places of human "..

In one thousand stone cliff due north, inscribed with four Chinese characters: "hu qiu jian pool", it is said that the famous calligrapher c write four words. Another legend, now has a YanShi original huqiu four words of the book, its a book on it, later so in the local have "the true sword pool, false tiger". A narrow under the so-called pool is a sword to the sword sinks. Prince he lu tomb might be built here, legend has it had to lift fire sword and other sword 3000 to 13 in human, therefore the sword pool. The mountains have a ishii, dug by liu yu in the tang dynasty, known as "Liu Yujing". The tea is Chinas first tea book "saint" of the author. In history, according to the suzhou government record Liu Yuceng long-term huqiu, while the tea, to write "the saint". He found the tiger mountain spring is sweet and tasty, named "world WuQuan".

篇二：英文版虎丘导游词

Song dynasty poet su dongpo said, "dont swim to suzhou huqiu is pity. The poets praise became huqiu advertisement today.

To huqiu, over the past two paths, road is the car we go today, while in a carriage is worth in the past; Another is waterway, from Chang under a ship, after the excavation of the secretariat of the tang dynasty bai juyi bai causeway seven shan, before huqiu "sea flow fai" water wharf to dock.

General temple are hidden in the mountains, while the tiger mountain in the temple. Have a doggerel image location out huqiu chu tomb at baoshan temple temple features: "first remove the old monk had feared mountain, sunset teach temple door lock".

Now we came to the gate of the tiger "master chao hui". This four word points out the history of the tiger. Huqiu, formerly known as master mountain ancient here is a piece of waste, a few green island hidden when trapped during the changing of the tides, then called master mountain huqiu most short, but beautiful, such as the vast blue waves of the shining pearl stream hui today. "Sea flow fai" doors in water is a kind of zhaobi, suzhou humble administrators garden, the old gate still holds high the water doors of of primitive simplicity, embodies the people of the region of appearance and face.

We know that the prince he lu he lu built in suzhou city in 514 BC. At that time, China is the spring and autumn period, the fight between the small. As most parts of our country is still in the Bronze Age, wu is known as cast iron, cast jian, appeared the child cure, lieutenant, m-sword famous blacksmith. Wu in 496 BC, the Vietnam war, the prince he lu injured died on his way home. In order to build the prince he lu tomb, wu used hundreds of workers, structures and the sword of three thousand in the tomb. In order to keep secret of the princes tomb, rumours that prince buried after three days, a white tiger crouching hai-yong yu mountain, he said to prince domineering condensation. Since then, there is a tiger of appellation, has been two thousand five hundred years.

By 961, huqiu built seven layers on the top of the eight sides 2-foot-tall tower one. Huqiu tower is now heavily skewed, off center 2. 34 meters, huqiu tower is famous, and because of it and the princes tomb of complicated relationship between scientists and tourists accused of dense interest. In principle, the princes tomb was built in 496 BC, huqiu tower was built in 961 AD, difference before and after one thousand five hundred, should not have what to do. But now the two sites are below. A link between them, to the hu qiu hill after Ill make a detailed introduction.

篇三：英文版虎丘导游词

Tourists friends, welcome you to visit wu first mountain - it drives. Huqiu, located in the northwest of suzhous ancient city about five kilometers. This is a sudden in the hills of the plains, height of 30 meters, covers an area of about 300 mu. According to legend, in ancient times, there was a bay on the east coast, and tiger is produced by volcanic eruptions and searing lava island, formed from the accumulation of the submerged by water at high tide, flowed from the sea at low tide, what was then known as master mountain peak or swell. Over time, sea and land change, peak ground swell is evolved into a land of a hill. Why swell peak is known as the tiger? It also from the spring and autumn period of wu yue battle. Week of more than 3000 years ago, so the eldest son of Cyrus king of male Dan father taber, the second son zhongyong of wu for the throne, leave the shaanxi zones, came to taihu lake, established GouWu tribe, after more than ten generations of development and accumulation, has established the kingdom of wu.

Taber twenty I prince he lu sun for supremacy cause, reuse of sun wu and wu zixu, "Fielding, real storage, hyogo cure", was built in 514 BC he lu city, has become one of the metropolis, southeast of wu has reached the peak. In 496 BC, the prince he lu by the death of king done often, personally rate soldiers attacked yue. Lightly, because he lu prides king goujian ambush, injured in 槜 lee region, li in jiaxing, died on the way to bury ground swell. This period of history, Mr Liu Guangwei written in the tang dynasty recorded in the journal of wu to remember is this: "master mountain in the northwest of wuxian nine two hundred steps, he lu was buried in the mountain. Five counties of grave, copper Guo triple, mercury filling body, gold and silver for pit. Shiji cloud: he lu tomb in wuxian Chang outside, with hundreds of man grave, was buried the removal of the lake. After three days, white rests on it, so the name huqiu hill. Cloud: in" wu yue chun qiu " he lu buried huqiu. Hundreds of man was buried, after three days, the elaboration of gold for the white tiger squatted on it, due to the tiger.

Since then, the tiger became a tourist attraction in suzhou. For one thousand years, countless heroes, scholars with tiger to the stage, show a lot of terrible magnificent historical drama, leaving the countless precious relics, added a rich legend. Suzhou huqiu is, as it were, an encyclopedia of 250000 years of history. Prince fu to avenge, his army against yue, and in the army suffered a crushing defeat in taihu lake, pepper mountain, arrested goujian couples to huqiu, make its keep before he lu tomb grave a horse.

Qin shihuang east tour to huqiu, mountain climbing, and sent a mining he lu tomb, seek the prince sword, and will have nothing. The qin dynasty, xiang yu group army, jiangdong eight thousand at huqiu JieGan uprising, fought north and south, defeated in the battle of the stag qin, fundamentally shaken the basis of the qin dynasty, become a one-time place of bullies. Eastern han dynasty last years, sun quan in suzhou as equal base development business, to consolidate and develop, sun wu regime had sent he lu tomb, looking for buried treasure, also turned up nothing.

President of suzhou treasure between calendar year, bai juyi secretariat of more than a year (in May 825 to September 826), launched from Chang door to huqiu shan river, along the river built in long beach, one of the seven on the kind of plum, water plant LianHe and adds a lot of thorn in suzhou. Song dynasty su dongpo repeatedly visit huqiu, wrote many poems, he thought: "suzhou huqiu, not swim is shame". Tong pak fu Ming dynasty once found the sword pond dried up after exposed YongDaoKou he lus grave, almost almost solved the riddle. At the end of Ming dynasty, headed by Zhang Pu after club once at huqiu one thousand stone party, have complex social members from the national total of thousands of people attended the event. Kangxi and qianlong in the qing dynasty had repeatedly patrol suzhou, the tiger left many calligraphy, folk spread in suzhou for the story. At the end of qing dynasty, LiuYaZi, Chen to disease and others in suzhou modern organized the first revolutionary literary group - south club. On November 13, 1909, the south club at huqiu gathering for the first time, was formally established. The group propaganda of bourgeois revolution, against the qing dynasty autocratic rule, the influence is very big.

Chen to illness, died in 1933, was buried in the tiger mountain foothill. Tiger is one of the famous buddhist holy land of the jiangnan. When it comes to huqiu buddhist culture historical origin, the earliest can be traced back to the jin dynasty. Eastern jin SiTuWangXun and customary wang brothers, build library as a villa in huqiu. Salty and two years (327) for two temple, bounded with sword pool, after the two temples. Due to avoid taboo tang MAO, in the tang dynasty to huqiu Wu Qiu, temple called Wu Qiu temple. When the northern song dynasty renamed YunYan temple. Five generations Zhou Xiande six years (959 years), huqiu YunYan temple was built pagoda, built in northern song dynasty long completed two years (961). Temples and waste several times, in the reconstruction of the qing emperor kangxi years, changed its name to "tiger mound temple". Although the temple architectural remains here now is no longer the religious activity places, but also from the scale we can identify the pomp of the buddhist temple.

各位旅客朋友：大家好，欢迎大家来到泉城济南观光游览，我是大家的导游刘x，您在停留其间将由我来做为您的陪同，希望您能喜欢我的讲解，我将尽我所能回答您提出的问题。今天我们要去的地方就是济南三大名胜之一的大明湖。大明湖作为一处风景名胜，之所以盛名远播、历久弥新，自有其与众不同之处，就是它自然风景和人文内涵兼而有之，不仅风光秀丽，更有深厚悠久的文化积淀。因为自古以来济南就是齐鲁文体交汇之地，所以人文荟萃，文教昌盛，又因大明湖风物绝佳，更受到四方文士名流的钟爱，吟诗作赋，在这里留有大量的遗迹，历代文人也都有诗文留在大明湖。古代的时候大明湖比现在大几十倍，它的名字也几经变更，宋朝时称湖，北魏和唐朝时因这湖里盛产莲子而得名莲子湖。“大明湖”的称谓最早是在金代诗人元好问的《济南行记》中。

好了，前方这座古朴端庄的仿古建筑就是大明湖的东门了，大明湖公园于1958年正式建成，一共有三个门，东门于1985年9月落成，门上的题字是当代书法家会同题写的，让我们一起进去吧。大家一定看到了，迎门的就是环列的假山，这在中国园林艺术中有个名字叫“开门见山”，与这个成语的意思恰恰相反，中国园林讲究迂回曲折，借助花木山石的掩映，增强园林的层次感和储蓄美，陆游名句“山重水复疑无路，柳暗花明又一村”就是这种意境的生动写照。古人说“曲径通幽”，我们顺着这条小路往前走，就会看到风光旖旎的大明湖象一幅巨大的画卷一样徐徐展现在我们的面前。

大明湖公园面积约86公顷，其中湖面面积约为46公顷，它的水源是济南七十二名泉的泉水，水质清冽而且水量充足，固有“久旱不干”的特点。前方那座精巧别致，色彩明快的建筑是“汇波楼”，傍晚登临，霞光满天，映在湖面上别有情趣，这就是济南八景之一的“汇波晚照。”汇波楼始建于元代，下面的这座北水门原为旧城的城门，宋代时候建有泄洪排水的作用，大明湖多余的湖水就是从这里流入城外的小清河，最后汇入大海。因此大明湖“久雨不涨”的关键就在于此。那么，这座北水门又是谁兴建的呢?说起他来，那可是鼎鼎大名，唐宋八大家之一的曾巩。当时曾巩任齐州知州，爱民如子，颇有政绩，后人为纪念他就在这里修建了一座“南丰祠”，就是左边这一组院落。

大家看，大明湖的全景已尽收眼底了，我们站在北岸，向南可以望见南山苍翠，近观盈盈碧波。沿岸种植了八百余株垂柳，盛夏之时，柔枝点水，婀娜多姿，红莲白荷争奇斗艳，一红一绿相映成趣，可是大明湖中一大盛景，岂不知这碧柳红荷还真有一段婉约动人的“荷柳情缘”呢。传说在很久以前，湖畔有一对青年男女，两人痴心相受，幸福地生活在一起，真是天有不测风云，有一天，一个阔少年路过此地，见姑娘生得美貌，硬要抢了去做妾，姑娘万般无奈，跃入湖中，殉情而死，小伙子见状，也脱身为柳，根植在湖边，这湖里的粉荷绿柳就是他们的化身。他们隔湖相望，只能用轻风来互诉衷肠，但两个人永远永远也不会分离了。夏天走在湖边，轻风吹过时，我真的感到空气中弥漫着脉脉的温情。

如果说大明湖是姑娘的美目，那历下亭就是美目中的眸子了。前方小岛上的亭子就是大明湖的点睛之笔—历下亭。它年代久远，几经兴废，唐朝时，在现今五龙潭附近，清初移至湖中，唐天宝四年中，著名诗人杜甫，和当时任北海太守的大书法家李邕曾饮宴于此，杜甫即兴做诗一首《陪李北海宴历下亭》，历下亭就是由此而得名。诗中的名句“海右此亭古，济南名士多”就题在游廊的门上，为清代的木质结构建筑，门上的楹联“杨柳春风万方极乐，芙蕖秋月一片大明”就是郭沫若先生的传神之笔。

大明湖寄托了人们美好的愿望，因而也就流传了许多故事和传说。关于大明湖的由来就有这样一种说法。古时候，这一带有一个大明国寺，表面上香火鼎盛，庄严肃穆，可是寺里的和尚却不守规矩，与官府勾结欺压百姓，坑骗掳掠前来进香的良家妇女。这附近住着一位官人，他的妹妹虔心信佛，非常想亲自到大明国寺烧香还愿，官人怕她遭到不测不让她去，妹妹于是乘着官人不在家时来到了大明国寺。和尚们见她如花似玉，就将她霸占在寺内。官人回家一听，又惊又怒，骑上马提着大刀就追到了大明国寺，这时突然狂风大作，暴雨倾盆，闪电过后，天塌地陷，大明国寺从此就沉入地下，官人也救出了妹妹。再说那些恶僧遭了天遣，有的变成了蛤蟆，见到人们安居乐业，只能气得生气鼓肚，却叫不出声来了。

说到这里，大明湖还有一个特异之处就是“青蛙不叫，蛇不见。”说是唐朝时，湖边真武届里有一位高天师，呼风唤雨法力无边，他收了个门徒，徒弟出师时要考试，就是捉拿湖里的的蛇精蛙怪，徒弟挥舞着神剑，不一会就把蛙怪打得落花流水，活捉了蛇精，高天师收了蛇精做真武大帝手下的一员大将，而青蛙呢，被打得又聋又哑，再也叫不出声来了。后来人们分析说因为大明湖的水是泉水，长年在18℃，水温低，不适宜水蛇生长，青蛙不能发情，所以也叫不出声来。

大明湖主要的景点都在北岸，第一个就是我们面前高台上的这座气象巍峨的庙宇，这就是真武庙，济南市现存最大的道教庙宇。想必大家都知道，中国有四大宗教，其中唯一的土生土长的一种就是道教，先秦时期道家学派的创始人李耳(又名老聃)被尊为道教的教祖，他的著作《老子》(又名《道德经》)是道家的主要经典。道家的至上神是三清真人，即玉清原始天尊，上清灵宝天尊和太清道天尊(即太上老君)。道教分为两派，金代形成全真派，主张炼气，清修，道人要出家修行。它的创始人就是《神雕侠侣》中提到的那位武功盖世的“中神通”王重阳，在元代形成的正一派可谓俗家辫子，崇拜鬼神，画符念咒，代表人物是张天师张陵。金元之际，济南道教兴盛，全真派的高人丘处机曾来济南传教，真武庙就建于元代。

各位请看，台阶前这对活灵活现的小狮子非常精美。我有个问题要问大家了，请问哪一个是雌狮子，哪一个是雄狮子呢?……对了，这位朋友答得非常好，左边这头脚下是一头小狮子，右边这头脚下是一个绣球，所以左边是雌，右边是雄，现在我们上去看一看，大家一起数一下一共有多少级台阶。一共是36级，为什么是36呢?道教的数字很有讲究，有三十六小洞天、七十二福地之说，另外，皇帝被尊为至尊，四九三十六，就是说比皇帝要低一个等级，可见皇帝是真龙天子下凡，连神仙也要让他一筹。

真武庙里供奉的是真武大帝，真武原名玄武，是道教的四方神(青龙、朱雀、白虎、玄武)之一，北天星区，色黑属水，大家看这座英明神武的金身坐像就身着黑袍，人们把真武大帝供奉在大明湖畔就是希望他能镇住水里的妖魔鬼怪。左右墙上的彩绘壁画画的就是真武大帝的生平。传说真武大帝原来本是西方净乐国的一位王子，自幼慕道，而且非常奇异，从小喜欢与猛虎相伴戏耍，太上老君见他有慧根，便点化他去武当山修炼。历经四十二年，受尽磨难，终于修成正果，得道成仙。升仙之际为了脱去凡胎，他剖开肚子，拿出自己的肠子和肝脏，变成了龟蛇二将，成为自己手下的护法神。真武大帝立志要“斩尽天下妖魔，普救众生”，别看这龟蛇二将长相丑陋，他们的本事可不小，帮着真武大帝降妖捉怪立下了汗马功劳。前边这两座塑像原塑于明代是当时庙里塑像中最为生动传神的两座，二将肌肉突兀，神彩飞动，具有很高的艺术价值，可惜都毁于十年动乱中，只有前边这座小的铜铸龟蛇合体像是庙中的真品。两边的十四位神仙也都是真武大帝手下的爱将，最后面四座就是风伯、雨师、雷公、电母。

我们再到后面看一看启圣殿。明成化年间增修，供奉真武大帝的父母，两座塑像手中都拿着笏板，因为人神不能对视，手拿护板，才能与真武大帝相见。大家看笏板上画有北斗七星图，也是真武大帝的符号，上面的匾额所题“父母天长”，取“天长地久”之意，祝愿父母健康长寿，是艺术大师刘海杰题字时正好八十八岁，而且父母还健在，“父母在，不言老”。“年方八八”的意思就是，尽管我八十八岁了，在父母面前我还是孩子，刚刚八十八岁。各位朋友可以上一柱香来祝愿父母福寿安康。

从北极庙可以饱览全湖风光，因为这里地势高峻，俯看碧波荡漾的湖面更别有一番情趣。湖上的百极洲，湖心亭，历下亭三座小岛代表了道家胜境蓬莱三岛。三岛中间是1985年5月1日落成的百米喷泉，共103个喷头，主喷头射程高达100米。在阳光明媚的天气里，百头齐喷，水柱直冲云霄，蓝天碧水之间犹如一朵盛开的莲花，非常壮观，也是大明湖的一大胜景。

前边就快到铁公祠了，我先给大家介绍一下这个人物。铁公原名铁铉，是河南郑州人，自幼聪名好学，深得明太祖朱元璋的常识，他处事明断，办案公允，明太祖特赐字“鼎石”。曾任过山东布政司使和兵部尚书等官职。公元1420xx年，明燕王朱棣与其侄朱允文争帝位，挥师南下，至济南城时，铁铉固守城池，势不开城，还险些放石砸死朱棣，燕王只好又回到北京，两年后又发兵绕道而行，到得南京推翻建文帝，隧收复济南，铁铉孤军奋战，不敌被擒。传说铁铉忠贞节烈，对朱棣破口大骂，朱棣命人割下他的鼻子和耳朵，让他吃下去，又架起油锅，放铁铉下去受沸油煎熬之苦。铁铉不肯求饶，在油锅里还不肯正眼看朱棣，背对朱棣。朱棣大怒，命人用铁钩将他翻过来，突然之间，油花飞溅，众人近不得身，只好作罢，就地埋了。当时铁铉只有三十七岁。乾隆皇帝感念他忠心效主，1792年建了此祠以纪念。

我们面前的这座园中之园就是铁公祠了，园中之园是中国园林构景手法之一，增加借景的内容和游赏的层次美感，获得“大中见小，小中见大”的开敞和封闭。宏大宽广和精美小巧的对比，增强了环境的审美情趣和艺术效果。园内有曲廊花窗，小巧别致，古色古香，与曲廊相接的就是佛公祠和铁公祠。佛公祠用来祭祀山东巡抚佛伦，是佛伦的族孙阿林保捐资修建铁公祠时同时修建的。佛公祠居东，铁公祠于西。铁公祠再向西的两层建筑建于1920xx年原名为“湖山一览楼”，因于楼上可观览对面群山和明湖全景，故而得名，1978年改称荷香村饭店。这座园中之园风光和园内的人工亭台楼阁连为一体。不知大家有没有去过颐和园，那里的长廊就是采取了这种借景的手法，游人可以从两边眺望，丰富了景观的层次。秋高气爽的时候站在这里可以看到济南八景之一的“佛山倒影”。这边的山间水榭就是闻名遐迩的小沧浪亭了，小沧浪是1792年以修铁公祠的余料依照苏州沧浪亭而修建的，上面的匾额是清代书法家阮元的隶书题字。大家看我们面前的这座圆形门两旁有一幅对联“四面荷花三面柳，一城山色半城湖”，是历代题咏大明湖的佳句中最著名的一句。当年清代书法家铁保和诗人刘凤诰在小沧浪亭上饮酒对弈，刘凤诰一时兴起随口吟出这两句诗，铁保挥毫题字，后镶嵌在这里，为世人传唱。

好了，今天我们的讲解就到这里，大家可以自由活动了，我们建议各位租一条小船到湖上领略一下这湖光山色，一定会有一种人在画中游的感觉，“明湖泛舟”可是济南八景之一，现在大家可以亲身体验一下。同时欢迎大家明年春天还能来大明湖游玩，大明湖一定会带给您全新的感受，我们将于一个小时之后在西南门集合，前往下一个景点趵突泉，再见!

大家好！我是黄楚媛小导游。今天，由我来带你们去那前不见头、后不见尾的八达岭长城。

现在，我们已经到了北京有名的八达岭长城的脚下了。你们看，这条像长龙一样的长城，是从东边的山海关到西头的嘉峪关，有一万三千多里。我们已经来到城墙的垛子上，大家看边上，那两个洞。一个是瞭望口，一个是射击口，供瞭望和射击用。这里很美，大家可以看看风景，也可以拍一点照片。可是，请不要留下你们的墨宝和物品。

我们已经来到了城台，这城台，每隔三百多米就有一座。以前，打仗的时候，屯兵就可以在城台上互相呼应。

今天的万里长城已经游玩完了，大家散了吧！

大家好，今天由我来担任你们的导游员。我叫梅俊波，欢迎来到中国十大名胜古迹之一的万里长城。它是中国伟大的军事建筑，它规模浩大，被誉为古代人类建筑史上的一大奇迹。它主要景观有八达岭长城、慕田长城、司马台长城、山海关、嘉峪关、虎山长城、九门等。

今天我们到的是八达岭长城。它是长城中保存最完好，最具有代表性的一段。这里是重要的前哨，海拔高度1015米，地势险要，历来是兵家必争之地。站在长城上，往远处看，它像一条长龙，在崇山峻岭之间蜿蜒盘旋。大家请看，这墙和地面都是用巨大的条石和城砖筑城的，再请向右边看，城墙外沿有两米多高的垛子，垛子上有射口和瞭望口，供瞭望和射击用。大家请继续往前走，那一座座方形的城台，打仗时城台之间可以互相呼应。听了这些，长城肯定在你们的脑海中留下了深刻的影像吧!

这万里长城还有一个动人传说—孟姜女哭长城。据说新郎范喜良新娘孟姜女正要入同房时，被官兵抓去到长城做工了，好端端的喜事变成了一场空。孟姜女悲愤交加，曰夜思念丈夫。她想在家里干着急，还不如去长城找他，一路上不知经历了多少风霜雨雪，跋涉过多少险山恶水，凭着顽强的毅力，凭着对丈夫深深的爱，到达了长城。却始终找不到丈夫，询问起民工有没有范喜良。民工说：“已经死了，尸首已填了城脚。”孟姜女听到这个恶耗大哭起来。哭了三天三夜，哭得天昏地暗，连天都感动了，越来越阴沉，风越来越猛，只听见“哗啦”一声，一段长城被哭倒了…这个传说有趣吗?

接下来大家自由活动，一小时后到这里集合。活动期间，你们要注意安全，不要把塑料袋、矿泉水瓶、废纸、，果皮等乱扔，要保护长城的整洁。

天色已经不早了，今天的游览到此结束。明天还有更美的风景等着我们，希望各位好好休息，养精蓄锐，我们明天见。

各位朋友：

大家好!我是你们的导游涂登涛，我们听过北魏地理学家郦道元在《水经注》里有这样一段描述：“自三峡七百里中，两岸连山，略无阙处。重岩叠嶂，隐天蔽日，自非停午夜分不见曦月?”对，他所写的正是接下来两三天里，我和大家要一起乘船游览的长江三峡。大家都知道，我们的祖国山河壮美，长江三峡，它是长江风光的精华，神州山水的瑰宝，傲列中国十大旅游名胜之一，瞿塘峡的雄伟，巫峡的秀丽，西陵峡的险峻，以及它们之中大宁河、香溪、神农溪的神奇与古朴?可见长江三峡闪烁着经古不衰的独特魅力。

长江三峡，地灵人杰。这里是中国古文化的发源地之一，著名的大溪文化，在历史的长河中奇光异彩;这里孕育了中国伟大的爱国诗人屈原和昭君;这里有三国古战场，是无数英雄豪杰驰骋用武之地;这里有许多著名的名胜古迹，白帝城、黄陵庙。三峡是川鄂两省人民生活的地方，主要居住着汉族，他们都有许多独特的风俗和习惯。每年农历五月初五的龙舟赛，是楚乡人民为表达对屈原的崇敬而举行的一种祭祀活动。巴东的背娄世界、土家人的独特婚俗、还有那被称为鱼类之冠，神态威武的国宝———中华鲟。

四川之后，被四川盆地周围的群山阻挡，便顺势切割，夺路奔流，形成了奇秀壮丽的三峡。

长江三峡由瞿塘峡、巫峡和西陵峡组成。它西起重庆市奉节县的白帝城，东到湖北省宜昌市的南津关，跨奉节、巫山、巴东、秭归、宜昌等县市，全长192公里(其中峡谷段90公里)，也就是常说的“大三峡”，除此之外还有大宁河的“小三峡”和马渡河的“小小三峡”。

首先我们来到了“鬼城”丰都，大家请看，这就是《西游记》、《封神演义》、《聊斋志异》等古典名著中所提到的“阴曹地府”、“鬼国幽都”。我想大家肯定纳闷了，我们在阳间活得好好的，又没做什么大逆不道、十恶不赦、伤天害理的事，怎么要来走这一遭，下十八层地狱呢?哈哈，没事，我们都是良民，只不过游游三峡，今天我们就当是孙大圣了，鬼门关也来闯闯!

丰都古为“巴子别都”。东汉和帝永元二年置县，是传说中人类亡灵的归宿之地，集儒、佛、道民间文化于一体的民俗文化艺术宝库，被誉为中国“神曲之乡”、人类“灵魂之都”。

现在我们进入了瞿塘峡，它是三峡中最短的一个，但最为雄伟险峻，难怪古代诗人发出“纵将万管玲珑笔，难写瞿塘两岸山”的赞叹。

瞿塘峡最雄伟的一段当属奉节的夔门，它是长江三峡的西大门，峡中水深流急，江面最窄处不到50米。你们看，那临江的石壁上刻着孙元良的“夔门天下雄，船机轻轻过。”与夔门遥相对应的是北面的白帝城，也就是当年刘备托孤的地方，三国的故事脍炙人口，深入人心，古往今来，多少人为其中的英雄扼腕叹息。

“两岸猿声啼不住，轻舟已过万重山。”古时候，三峡的确有许多猿群分布，不过由于近代水上交通的发展，无数轮船来往，船笛声音过大，加之周围森林的破坏，猿猴失去了赖以生存的环境，所以我们现在很难听见猿声了。不过，在比三峡更为狭窄幽深的大宁河小三峡里还有分布，这也是让人十分欣慰的。

“曾经沧海难为水，除却巫山不是云。”好了，我们已经出了瞿塘峡，现在来到了重庆与湖北交界处的巫峡。巫峡以幽深秀丽著称。整个峡区奇峰突兀，怪石磷峋，峭壁屏列，绵延不断，是三峡中最可观的一段，宛如一条迂回曲折的画廊，充满诗情画意。巫山十二峰，千姿百态，其中最妩媚动人便是神女峰。你们看，群山上有块凸石，正像一位亭亭玉立、含情脉脉的少女，在云雾中时隐时现。

大明湖是济南三大名胜之一，是泉城重要风景名胜和开放窗口。它位于市中心偏东北处、旧城区北部。现今湖面四十六公顷(690亩)，公 园面积八十六公顷(1290亩)，湖面约占百分之五十三。

明湖名闻遐迩，游客众多，每年接待国内外游客约二百万人次，在济南诸公 园中最多。大明湖历史悠久，景色秀美，名胜古迹周匝其间。尤其它乃繁华都市之中的天然湖泊，实属难得。

早在北魏年间，郦道元所著《水经注》中便有记载："泺水北流为大明湖，西即大明寺，东、北两面则湖。"其位置在今五龙谭一带，而现今 大明湖一带水域则名"历水陂"。它见诸文字已有一千四百多年。六朝时，因湖内多生莲荷，曾名"莲子湖";唐时它名莲子湖(见段成式《酉阳 杂俎》)又名。"历水陂"。宋代时又有"西湖"之称。宋时著名文学家曾巩曾有诗道："问吾何处进炎蒸，十顷西湖照眼明。"可知当时此处已是 消暑游憩之地。北宋熙宁五年(公元1072)，曾巩任齐州(即今济南)知州时，为防御水患，修建了北水门，引湖水入小清河，并在沿湖修建 亭、台、堤、桥，使之渐成游览景观。至金代，诗人元好问在《济南行记》中，始称大明湖。明代重修城墙，大明湖遂初成今日形貌。

大明湖水来源于城内珍珠泉、濯缨泉、王府池等诸泉，有"众泉汇流"乏说，水质清冽，天光云影，游鱼可见。 大明湖水源充足，排水便利，故有"恒雨不涨，久旱不涸"的长处，经年水位恒定。水深平均两米左右，最深处约四米，沿湖岸边一米左右. "四面荷花三面柳，一城山色半城湖"是大明湖风景的最好写照。

沿湖八百余株垂柳环绕，柔枝垂绿，婀娜点水。湖中现有四十余亩荷池，碧叶田田，白荷红莲，交相辉映，争奇斗艳，荷香飘溢，沁人心脾 。波光粼粼的湖面上，时有鱼儿跳波，偶见鸢鸟掠水。碧波之上，画舫穿行，小舟荡波。各处游客云集，指点观赏，欢声笑语，一派繁华景胜 ，俨若北国江南。若于湖之北岸远眺，南山苍翠，环列似屏，倒映入湖，画图难足。漫游湖畔，处处花繁树茂，点点亭台楼阁掩映绿荫之间， 历下亭、铁公祠、北极庙、汇波楼等二十多处名胜景点，令人应接不暇，可谓步移景换，游趣无穷。济南八景中的鹊华烟雨、汇波晚照、佛山 倒影、明湖秋月均可在湖上观赏。大明湖以它的秀美风姿赢得古往今来众多人士的咏赞： "冬泛冰天， 夏挹荷浪， 秋容芦雪，春色杨烟，鼓 枻其中，如游香国" ;"鸥鹭点乎清波， 萧鼓助其远 ， 固江北之独胜也。" 大明湖自1958年正式辟建为公园，经过疏浚清淤、修缮扩建，砌筑了湖岸，美化了园容，恢复重建了名胜古迹，增添了茶社饭店、游船和 游乐设施，使之旧貌变新颜，姿容胜往昔，成为济南著名风景游览区之一。 大明湖不仅是休息游览的极好场所，湖内还盛产莲藕湖鱼。公园饭店擅长烹制以湖中鲜鱼、嫩藕、香莲为料的"全鱼宴、冰糖莲子、水晶藕 、蒲菜水饺等具"历下风味"的名吃。公园内现还辟建有书画展览馆、碑刻展等文化层次较高的观赏点。整个公园已初步形成集游览观赏、购物 娱乐、文化欣赏、饮食服务于一体的多功能旅游区。明湖风姿甲历下，欢颜笑迎八方宾.

它是在1958建园，湖水是有城内的珍珠泉`王府池等泉水汇集而成，水源充足，有“众泉汇流之”说。湖水平均水深2米，最深处约4米，是繁华都市中一处难得的天然湖泊，也是济南的一个大空调，起着调节济南气温的作用。

西南门位于大明湖公园西南隅，是大明湖公园四门中客流量最大的一个。初建于1963年，20xx年重建。新建西南门坐北朝南，由大门入口、票房、连廊、花架、曲桥、水榭、服务厅七部分组成，是一组功能齐全的园林仿古建筑。另有内外广场，平面布置构成开敞式外广场和半围合式的内庭院布局。建筑面积1600平方米，东西长60米，南北进深40米。混木结构，红柱绿瓦，彩绘西蕃莲、二龙戏珠等图案。新建大门之门楼为二层单檐，高12米，建筑形成为卷棚歇山顶，前有花岗石抱柱，四周以花式木花窗围合。二层檐下悬一横匾，上书“大明湖”三个贴金大字，为郭沫若书。门楼内侧匾额“湖光山色”，乃当代书法家武中奇先生书。二层楼西面，内侧悬“迎旭”匾额，东面则蜿蜓入湖内，由花架廊将舫式水榭引入水面。花架廊和水榭上分别悬有“涵清”和“藕香榭”匾额，给人端庄大气、优雅宜人的感觉。

关于大明湖的来历，有一个传说。传说很久以前这里有一座寺庙，叫大明国寺，并没有这个湖泊。据说这个寺特别灵验，对香客有求必应，但寺里的和尚却不怎麽守规矩。寺的附近住着一家人，母亲和一双儿女，儿子在外当差，平时只有母亲与女儿在家。一次，母亲生病，病的很重，妹妹要到寺里烧香许愿，哥哥不同意，于是妹妹就向大明国寺的方向许愿，不久母亲的病好了。妹妹趁哥哥不在家偷偷的跑到寺里去还愿。因为妹妹长的很漂亮一下子就被和尚和看中了，可巧那天老和尚不在家小和尚不敢轻举妄动，就尾随妹妹找到了他的家，老和尚一回来就带人把妹妹抢到了寺里，哥哥回家听说妹妹被抢，怒火中烧，那上枪骑上马，就朝大明国寺的方向奔去。当哥哥就到大明国寺的时候，只听见天崩地裂的一声响大明国寺不见了，地上出现了这一湖碧水。这个故事表达了劳动人民对邪恶势力的憎恨，恶有恶报。

我们现在所在的位置是大明湖的西南们，大家眼前所看到的大明湖三字是郭沫若所题写的，现在请大家排好队有序进景点。各位朋友看一下我们的正前方，是毛泽东主席写的“人生易老天难老，岁岁重阳。今又重阳，战地黄花分外香。一年一度秋分劲，不似春光。胜似春光，寥廓江天万里霜”

我们右手边看到大明湖碑上的三个字中有个错别字—“明”字是目字旁而不是日字旁，这里有个小故事。大明湖的水是由济南各个泉水汇集而成，这包括趵突泉的水也是流入到大明湖的，趵突泉的水喷涌的非常大以至于把突字的一点冲掉了，而这一点顺着泉水流入到大明湖，所以明字是目字旁不是日字旁。另一说法是因古时书法讲究大气协调统一，为使写的字的整体看起来更协调所以明字是目旁而不是日旁。

大明湖历史上有不同名称。北魏郦道元《水经注》中记载，城西南有泺水，北为大明湖。隋唐时，名历水陂。宋时，曾巩在《齐州二堂记》中称其为“西湖”。金代元好问时称其为大明湖。元朝时，因湖内多荷莲，曾名“莲子湖”。传说唐代时，这里是一片绿波粼粼的大湖，因为湖侧有座大明国寺，所以后来得名大明湖。实际上，由于大明湖的湖底是有不透水的火成岩组成，加上大明湖地势低洼，汇集来的泉水不能下泄，聚集在此，形成了湖泊。湖中盛产鲜鱼`蒲菜`莲藕，是有名的历下风味。因为藕眼多，孔孔相连，而且大明湖的藕断丝不连，所以济南人请客，特别是求人办事的时候一道必不可少的菜就是藕，意思是吃了藕办事痛痛快快。

“ 蛇不见，蛙不鸣;淫雨不涨，久旱不涸”是大明湖两大独特之处。大家知道，按照常理，有水的地方水蛇很多，青蛙都会叫，但大明湖为什么蛇不见，蛙不鸣呢?传说给乾隆皇帝有关系。相传，乾隆皇帝来到济南时，曾在湖畔休息，蛇游动，挖起鸣，吵的他难以入睡，于是下令：蛇都回动，挖不准鸣。你想，乾隆是皇帝，说出来的话可是金口玉言，它们哪敢不听。从此以后，大明湖的蛇不见了，青蛙不叫了。这都是传说，据最近的研究表明，大明湖的青蛙不叫得真正原因是因为大明湖的湖水是由泉水汇集而成，水温常年保持在18度。青蛙只有到发情期才会叫，而青蛙发情的水温要达到22度，所以出现了这一奇特现象。而“蛇不见”则是因为大明湖的湖底是由坚硬的不透水的火成岩构成，不利于水蛇打动藏身，加上湖内鱼鹰和其他水禽较多，而它们正是蛇的天敌。至于“淫雨不涨，久旱不涸”的原因，我们后面再告诉大家。

各位游客朋友：

我们现在已经来到了天安门广场。大家可以看一下，我们现在的位置是在天安门广场南北方向的中轴线上，距我们南面的人民英雄纪念碑大约有100米左右的距离。我们今天在天安门广场游览的时间是30分钟。

大家向我这里聚一下，我先给大家简要介绍一下天安门广场的主要景观。(手势，向北指)大家先向这边看。(稍停顿，待游客目光集中于手指方向)我爱北京--天-安-门。一会儿，我会向大家详细介绍天安门的的沧桑历史。除了天安门城楼外，我还要向您介绍天安门前的金水桥、以及桥前的华表和石狮。大家回一下头，您看到了，这就是庄严挺拔的人民英雄纪念碑了，随后我也将向您讲一讲她的故事。纪念碑南边的建筑就是"_纪念堂"，我们今天的行程没有安排大家瞻仰_遗容，如果您有意去的话，可以告诉我，我会尽量满足您的愿望。天安门广场东侧的建筑是中国革命历史博物馆，这里陈列了大量珍贵的革命历史文物。和她相对着的，(手势，向西指)西边的这座建筑，就是非常著名的"人民大会堂"。关于她，一会儿我也会向您做详细介绍。

好好好，大家现在可以在广场上拍照留念。拍照前我给大家提个醒，大家尽量避免站在这条中轴线上拍照，旗杆可能会影响您的拍摄效果。另外，大家如果在纪念碑前拍照的话，建议您到纪念碑的那一侧去拍，在这边是逆光，会影响照片的效果。给大家10分钟时间，拍完照请到这里集合，我在这里等大家.

下面我首先为大家介绍一下天安门城楼。天安门原为明清两代皇城的正门，始建于明永乐十五年(1417)，最初叫做承天门，取"承天启运，受命于天"之意。清顺治八年(1651年)重修而改名天安门，含"受命于天"和"安邦治民"的意思。至今已有580多年的历史了，是全国重点文物保护单位。天安门城楼，建筑在巨大条石砌成的须弥座式城台上，造型庄重浑厚，宏伟典雅，是中国传统建筑艺术的典型代表作之一。城楼通高34.7米。城台上的大殿宽九楹(62.77米)，进深五楹(27.25米)，象征封建帝王的"_"至尊。大殿为重檐歇山式，朱墙黄琉璃瓦顶。南面设有菱花隔扇门、窗36扇，殿内外立有直径2米的巨柱60根，天花、斗拱、梁枋等处、均绘满了最高等级的金龙和玺彩画，金碧辉煌，极为雄伟壮观。

1988年的元旦，天安门城楼正式对外向游客开放。在天安门高大的暗红城墙中辟有五个券洞门，明清时代，这里的门、桥行走规制森严，中门为皇帝进出专用。皇帝每年冬至往天坛祭天，夏至去地坛祭地，孟春赴先农坛耕籍田，都要出入天安门。那么，在当时，是不是只有皇帝一人才能进出中门呢?这位朋友答的对，不是。大家知道还有什么人可以走这里吗?(稍做停顿)让我来告诉大家。此外，皇帝的父母可从中门入宫;皇帝大婚，皇后可从中门进入一次;新科状元等"金殿传胪"后，可从中门出宫一回。除此之外，严禁任何人进出，否则是要治重罪的。中门左右的两座旁门，供宗室王公和三品以上文武百官通行。过去天安门是座只进喜，不出丧的吉祥之门。

好好天安门的设计者是蒯(kuǎi)祥。蒯祥是江苏吴县人，明初洪武年间生于木匠家庭，他的父亲是一位有名望的木工师傅，能主建大型工程。蒯祥受父亲影响，从小学艺，勤奋好学，聪慧过人，三十来岁时，已成为才华出众的木工匠师了。燕王朱棣，也就是后来的永乐皇帝，经"靖难之役"取得帝位后，决定从南京迁都北京。永乐四年至十八年(1406-1420)，明成祖朱棣调集全国各地的能工巧匠前来北京营建工程巨大、难度极高的天安门(初名承天门)等宏伟建筑。蒯祥以高超的设计方案和精湛的建筑技艺，被推选为皇宫工程的建筑设计师。当时人们尊称他为"蒯鲁班"。蒯祥曾担任建筑皇家宫殿的官吏，直至工部左侍郎等官职，为中国的民族建筑艺术创下了光辉的业绩。

秦兵马俑导游词

游客们，大家好，欢迎你们来到这举世无双、气魄雄伟的秦兵马俑。我姓孙，是山西旅行社的一名导游，大家叫我孙导好了。很高兴能带你们来游玩秦兵马俑。好了，时间不等人，话也不多说，我们立刻出发吧!

据众所知，秦兵马俑是一个浩大的地下军事博物馆，总面积达20190平方米，差不多有五十个篮球场那么大，坑内兵马俑近八千个，被誉为世界八大奇迹之一，里面有3个俑坑，每个兵马俑都个性鲜明，品种也很多，各拿着各种不同青铜兵器，如：刀、剑、戈等，大家觉得怎么样?够不够雄伟?

大家请往前走，看，我们已经到了一号坑，它的面积最大，有14260平方米，差不多有三十个篮球场那么大，东、西长230米，南、北宽62米，坑里兵马俑也最多，有六千多个，这一号坑上已盖起了一座拱形大厅。游客们请到大厅上来，再请你们往下看，坑里的兵马俑一行行，一列列，十分整齐，你们看，那像不像秦始皇当年统帅的一支南征北战的大军呢?

兵马俑不仅规模宏大，而且类型众多，个性鲜明。

游客们，现在请你们看看左边，那是骑兵俑，它上身着短甲，下身着紧口裤，足蹬长靴，右手执缰绳，左手执弓箭。还有许多兵马俑我还没说，如武士俑等。

秦兵马俑的遗迹说也说不完，看也看不够。今天的游览到此结束，谢谢大家的配合，有机会我们再见吧!

作为中国人心中NO.1避暑胜地，乌镇的秀美风景，自不在话下。任贤齐的《外婆桥》在乌镇拍MV，李少红的《红楼梦》在乌镇取景，还有黄磊的《年华似水》，以及后来的刘若英也在这里做了广告，那种幽静和落寞深深的吸引着每位游客。小桥流水，江南水乡，一切都是那么的美好和祥和。处处无敌江南水乡美景，还真是未老莫还乡，还乡需断肠!

乌镇是江南六大古镇之一，是个具有六千余年悠久历史的古镇，曾名乌墩和青墩。乌镇是典型的江南水乡古镇，素有“鱼米之乡，丝绸之府”之称。1991年，乌镇被评为省级历史文化名城，1999年开始古镇保护和旅游开发工程，乌镇已被评为国家AAAAA级景区，是全国20个黄金周预报景点之一。

乌镇虽历经20__多年沧桑，仍完整地保存着原有的水乡古镇的风貌和格局，梁、柱、门、窗上的木雕和石雕工艺精湛。当地的居民至今仍住在这些老房子里。全镇以河成街，桥街相连，依河筑屋，深宅大院，重脊高檐，河埠廊坊，过街骑楼，穿竹石栏，临河水阁，古色古香，水镇一体，呈现一派古朴、明洁的幽静，是江南典型的“小桥、流水、人家”石板小路，古旧木屋，还有清清湖水的气息，仿佛都在提示着一种情致，一种氛围。

乌镇是个水乡古镇，镇上有修真观、昭明太子读书处、唐代古银杏、转船湾、双桥等景点，西栅老街是我国保存最完好的明清建筑群之一。乌镇又是我国现代文学巨匠茅盾故里。镇上的茅盾故居是茅盾的出生地，现为国家级重点文物保护单位。东侧的立志书院是茅盾少年读书处，现辟为茅盾纪念馆。

各位游客，我们现在来到了万寿园。

万寿园大门是朱红的宫墙。长有20__多米，上面有蓝色的琉璃瓦，这些琉璃瓦因为可以反光，所以被太阳照的闪闪发亮，美丽极了!像一个皇家园林。万寿园大门旁有一幅对联上联是“西连巫峡路悠悠，"下联是“东至武昌云历历。”表达了沙市的地理位置。

进入万寿园，我们来到长廊旁。“她”有20__多米长，70多间房。每间房的边上都栽有各种各样的花木。大家看一看横梁上的画吧，如果仔细看这些画，就会发现没有相同的画吧?大家闻着花的清香和长江边吹来的微风，是否觉得到了人间天堂呢?

穿过长廊，我们来到了万寿园宝塔脚下。万寿宝塔有7层，其中有一层被围在了长江大堤下。宝塔每层有两尊佛像，有的闭目养神、有的慈眉善目、有的笑容可掬、有的念经颂佛。据说这宝塔是明朝嘉靖皇帝为了庆祝母亲六十大寿修建的，所以称作万寿宝塔。

希望大家喜欢万寿宝塔，有机会再来万寿宝塔!万寿宝塔是中国的，也是人类的!希望大家不要损坏，要爱护“她”!

华山英文导游词

hua shan is the highest of china’s five sacred mountains. it is 120 kilometers east of xian. it has five peaks that resemble the petals of a flower. the highest peak is 2180 meters (7085 feet).

we had had discussions about going to hua shan with some graduate students from computer science. that didn’t work out due to changes in schedules on both sides. also, they were planning to do the climb at night to be able to reach the peak at sunrise. that did not appeal to us. we wanted to spend a night on the mountain. fran’s department arranged a trip for us, making reservations at the simple hotel on the north peak. they sent two graduate students to accompany us, though they had not been to hua shan before. we met them at 8:00 on saturday morning and took a taxi to the train station. there we asked around and located a mini-bus. the bus made a couple of stops. one was to see a presentation about the traditional medicines grown on the mountain and a chance to buy some of them. it probably would have been interesting if we understood chinese. our guides gave us the general outline about what was said. the other stop was a quick lunch stop.

there are two approaches to hua shan. [chinese proverb: “there is one road and only one road to hua shan,” meaning that sometimes the hard way is the only way.] the west entrance involves 10 kilometers of walking on a road before you start climbing. we went with the east entrance, where the bus brings you to the base of a cable car that goes up to the 1500 meter north peak. our plan was to walk up to the north peak, then climb to the four other peaks the next day and take the cable car down.

we started the climb in the early afternoon. the path consists of stone steps with rough chain link handrails in the narrowest areas (we wore our bicycling gloves for hand protection). physically, it is more like climbing the steps of a skyscraper than trails at home. however, the temperature was about 95 degrees and there was not much shade. we brought lots of water, including some bottles that we froze and some gatorade that we got at the fancy department store in downtown xian. there are plenty of refreshment stands along the way where you can buy bottled water, the chinese equivalent of gatorade, and other drinks or snacks at a premium price.

we reached the north peak before 4:00 pm and rested at the hotel. our room was basic, but comfortable and clean enough. because water is scarce on the mountain, there were neither showers nor sinks available for washing. in that sense the experience felt like camping, but we were sleeping in a big tent!

after dinner at the hotel restaurant, we spent some time talking with our guides. we were a bit surprised to find that they both think of japan negatively, but like the u.s. it seems that japan’s wwii behavior in china has not been forgotten, and is emphasized in school.

we saw a beautiful sunset and watched the sky become resplendent with thousands of stars, including the milky way galaxy. this was the clearest sky that we have seen in china. the fresh air at hua shan is a treat!

our guides had both been planning to get up at 4:00 am to watch the sunrise. fran and i made sleep a priority. we did happen to wake up a bit before sunrise (our room faced east) and went outside to watch the sky become rosy. ironically, our guides missed the sunrise because they had stayed up late watching the european soccer championships on the television in their room

the plan for the day was to climb the other four peaks, but we reserved the right to shorten the route. the first part was a steep climb to middle peak. after the low north peak, all the others are at roughly meters. there were crowds on the way to middle peak – mostly chinese hikers but we did see a few other wai guo (foreigners) as well.

we visited two taoist temples en route to middle peak. each one had an altar with incense and offerings of fruit. the friendly monks invited us to say a prayer or to send blessings to loved ones. fran accepted their invitation. at the first temple, she lit incense sticks and knelt on a cushion in front of the altar saying a silent prayer for our safe journey to the various summits of hua shan (the prayer was answered). at the second temple, she knelt on a cushion in front of the altar and sent silent blessings to several friends who are experiencing challenging situations in their lives at present. after each blessing, she leaned forward and the monk struck a drum.

after middle peak, the crowds got much thinner. the next was east peak, which had a steep ladder climbing rock. fran was dubious about this ascent, but realized that the ladder wasn’t so bad and went for it. that was a good decision because we were then able to do a loop and the trails got almost empty at this point. after skirting the top of a cliff with a steep dropoff on both sides, we had a pleasant walk to south peak and west peak. there was even a small amount of dirt trail! the summit of south peak was the highest point on hua shan, so of course we asked another hiker to take a photo of our guides and us. the views from the tops of each peak were beautiful. hua shan and the surrounding mountains are very rugged and remind us somewhat of hiking in the southwestern united states or the sierras.

we took a route that eventually brought us to the main line returning down from middle to north peak. we were happy to have ascended each of the five peaks (petals) of flower mountain.

by cable car (the longest in asia), it was just 7 minutes down to the park entrance. we caught a shuttle bus into town, then transferred to a bus for xian.

our guides told us that we had walked up and down a total of 4000 stairs! we were glad that we did not have this information when we started. for three days after returning home, our sore leg muscles instructed us to take the elevator to our fifth floor apartment rather than climbing the stairs.

平遏不仅历史悠久.而且名人辈出。是敢于不顾“满门抄斩”的恐吓、秉笔直书的若名晋代史学家孙盛、以“映雪读书”流传千古的孙康等古代名人，当代已故中科院历史研究所所长侯外庐、已故语言研究所副所长侯秸一、已歇中国文学研究会会长王瑶、著名画家李苟、著名歌唱家郎兰英等都出生在这片古老的土地上。平适古城不愧为历史文化名城。

我们现在正行驶在惠济桥上，惠济桥是一座九拱石桥，修建于清代康熙年间，同治年间重建。清代名宿博山先生曾亲笔为它写道碑记。这座桥规模不等大.历史也不算很长，但造型优美.桥面平坦，没有像一般石桥那样高高隆起，便于车马行走。而且更有一个奇处，就是这座桥下还有一座桥。下面的桥不见文字记载，人们原来也不知道。1977年8月，一场暴雨造成特大洪灾，滚滚洪水带走了不少淤积多年的河沙。水退后，人们惊奇地发现：原来惠济桥叠架在旧桥的桥面上，形成桥上桥的奇观。利用旧桥做新桥的牢固基础，既节省财力、人力，又省时间，多聪明的构思叼!这在造桥史上也是一个奇迹。

我们现在正行驶在惠济桥上，惠济桥是一座九拱石桥，修建于清代康熙年间，同治年间重建。清代名宿博山先生曾亲笔为它写道碑记。这座桥规模不等大.历史也不算很长，但造型优美.桥面平坦，没有像一般石桥那样高高隆起，便于车马行走。而且更有一个奇处，就是这座桥下还有一座桥。下面的桥不见文字记载，人们原来也不知道。1977年8月，一场暴雨造成特大洪灾，滚滚洪水带走了不少淤积多年的河沙。水退后，人们惊奇地发现：原来惠济桥叠架在旧桥的桥面上，形成桥上桥的奇观。利用旧桥做新桥的牢固基础，既节省财力、人力，又省时间，多聪明的构思叼!这在造桥史上也是一个奇迹。

诸位游客，大家好：

我国历史文化名城平遥就要到了，右前方那高耸的砖墙就是我国现存较为完整的四座古城池之一平遏城。1997年12月3日，联合国教科文组织世界遗产委员会通过决议，将我国云南省丽江古城、山西省平遥古城和江苏省苏州古典园林列入《世界遗产名录》。现在大家可以观赏一下古城的远景和比较完整的外观。

平遥古城，历史悠久。据载：西周时期周宣工为抵御北方游牧民族的侵扰，曾派兵北伐萨犹，并修建了京陵城。京陵城就建在今平远县城东北约7公里的京陵衬，京陵二字作为地名一直沿用至今。这可以说是平遥建城的开端，也是现在乎迢城的前身。从那时起，至今已有2800年左右历史了。

现在这座平遥城始建于何时，历史上没有明确记载。大约在北魏太武帝拓跋陶时，为避名讳，将原来的平陶县改为平遥县。并把县治从别处迁到这里。建城时间应该是这以后的事。在漫长的历史岁月中。这里曾有过她的繁华，也曾多次遭受战火的破坏。我们现在看到的这座城墙，是明代洪武三年，即1370年把原来的土城墙加高加厚加砖扩建而成的，明清以来虽曾数次维修，但风格未变。

平遥城内古建筑保存很多，像文庙大成殿、清虚观、市楼、城隆庙、武庙戏台等。就是街道民居。也基本保存明清时代风貌。漫步街头，还会看到各种古色古香的院门、院埔、精雕细刻的古建筑装饰，甚至还能看到门前的接马石桩、下马石等，一派古城风貌。

平遥不仅历史悠久。而且名人辈出。是敢于不顾“满门抄斩”的恐吓、秉笔直书的若名晋代史学家孙盛、以“映雪读书”流传千古的孙康等古代名人，当代已故中科院历史研究所所长侯外庐、已故语言研究所副所长侯秸一、已歇中国文学研究会会长王瑶、著名画家李苟、著名歌唱家郭兰英等都出生在这片古老的土地上。平适古城不愧为历史文化名城。

(过惠济桥)

我们现在正行驶在惠济桥上，惠济桥是一座九拱石桥，修建于清代康熙年间，同治年间重建。清代名宿傅山先生曾亲笔为它写道碑记。这座桥规模不等大。历史也不算很长，但造型优美。桥面平坦，没有像一般石桥那样高高隆起，便于车马行走。而且更有一个奇处，就是这座桥下还有一座桥。下面的桥不见文字记载，人们原来也不知道。1977年8月，一场暴雨造成特大洪灾，滚滚洪水带走了不少淤积多年的`河沙。水退后，人们惊奇地发现：原来惠济桥叠架在旧桥的桥面上，形成桥上桥的奇观。利用旧桥做新桥的牢固基础，既节省财力、人力，又省时间，多聪明的构思叼!这在造桥史上也是一个奇迹。

平遥古城到了。请大家随我上城墙参观

这里就是乎遥古城的“下东门”。大家看这高达12米的城墙多雄伟、多壮观。在城外，本来还有护城河。城门处架有吊桥。在古代战乱的日子里。这的确是一道难以逾越的防线。

我们进来后这个地方是下东门瓮城，它是为保卫城门而设立的。城门是城墙上的薄弱环节，有了瓮城。就大大增强了城池的防卫手段。这里地方根小，四周为高墙围护，即便敌人攻入瓮城也只能进来少数人，而且立即陷入包围之中，成为瓮中之鳖。有的瓮城门并不是开在城门对面，而是拐个弯开在旁边。更可防止冲入的敌兵一较作气冲到城门下。通过拐弯来消解敌兵锐气。这些设计思想都是古人在长期实战经验中总结出来的。

大家看。瓮城里还有一个建造讲究而小巧的院落。这是干什么的呢?原来这是一座小关帝庙。关帝是武圣人。把关庙修进瓮城里，却是平遥人的独特创造。请大家随我进城，上城墙参观。

现在我们已经在城上了，这里本来还有城楼。在战争中毁掉了。这座建在城墙上的台，传说就是尹吉甫的点将台。尹吉甫是周宣王的大将，在历史上游藩有名，《律经冲的《较高》、《冠R2等几首诗就是他作的、前面提到的那有名的对北方游牧民族0l犹的北伐，就是由他指挥的。为了巩固北伐的成果，他还在这里修建了京陵城。尹吉甫遗迹这里还有多处。在京陵村附近还有一处村茁叫尹村，传说是尹吉甫当年驻兵酌地方。在上东门外有尹吉甫募，募前一通明代石碑上大书“周卿士ZJ吉甫神道”八字。上东门里还有一座纪念尹吉甫的小庙。

请大家随我观赏一下古城的建构。

(带游客向南浸步。边走边说，约走2—3个墩台即可停下)

我们看城墙上两边各有一道短堵，叫女儿墙，为什么叫女儿墙呢?宋代官府编写的《营造法式》上有个书面解释：“言其卑小。比之于城，若女子与丈夫也。”意思是说城墙高大厚实，保伟丈夫;女墙单薄短小，像弱女子。民间有的地方却流传着这样的故事：早先城上并没有女儿墙，有一次一个老人被拉来做工，和他相依为命的小孙女也天天随他来到城上。坐在旁边观看。一天，一位累极了的民工昏昏沉沉中竞走到城墙边上，小女孩伯他掉下城去，用力向里推他，不料用力过大，民工虽得救了，小女孩却摔死了。为了纪念她，工匠们在城上修起了矮墙，并把它叫做女儿墙。这实在是个感人的故事，但确实说明了女儿墙的保护性功能。我们看：两边的女儿场并不一样，向外的女儿墙上还修筑了垛口，垛口还留着供臆望和射击使用的小孔。这当然是为了实战的需要。

大家都注意到了，城墙每闲一段，就有一个向外突出的部分，这叫做墩台。墩台是干什么的呢7它是保卫城墙的。我们知道。古代攻守城他的主要武器是弓箭和弯机，上面既可射下去，下面也可射上来，因此守城的士兵轻易不敢探出身去。这样，城墙脚下反丽成丁防御的死角。有了墩台。就可以弥补这个不足、从三面组成一个强大的立体射击网，城防力量大大加强。在每个塌台上，还修有一座敌楼，上面有孔，也是为观察和射击用的。

干遥古城除了具备这些共性持点外，还有自己独特的地方。

城墙本是战争的产物，平逗人却偏偏喜欢给抹上一层浓浓的文化色彩。把象征文化星官的魁星楼修在丁城墙东南角上(指形状独特的魁星楼)。据统计，古城上共有3000个垛口、72废敌楼，那是象征着文圣人孔夫子的三千弟子七十二贤人。

怀圣寺又名光塔寺，位于中山六路光塔街，是公元七世纪伊斯兰教传入中国后最早兴建的古清真寺之一，

广州怀圣寺，据《南海百咏续编》载：怀圣寺为"回教之祖，名贵圣穆罕默德，寺号怀圣，怀念贵圣也"。可见，怀圣寺寺名是这样得来的。怀圣寺与扬州仙鹤寺、泉州麒麟寺、杭州凤凰寺合称中国伊斯兰教四大古寺。

相传唐高祖武德年间(618-620xx年)，伊斯兰教创始人穆罕默德曾派门徒4人来华传教。其中的艾比•宛葛素于唐贞观初年从波斯湾到达广州，建造了怀圣寺。怀圣寺于620xx年建造，至今已有1300多年历史。

怀圣寺历史上曾遭火焚而后重建。现寺是清康熙三十四年(1695年)再次修建的。全寺占地2966平方米。寺门西南隅为著名的光塔;正面为看月楼;楼后为月台、水房、东西回廊等;再后为礼拜殿。殿坐西朝东，礼拜时面向圣地麦加，

礼拜寺造型庄严肃穆，比例、色彩、装饰均具西亚风格。寺的整体采用中国轴体对称布局，层层深入，逐步展开。

寺内设有教长室、藏经室，礼拜大殿和专供洗礼的水房。教徒们常在星期五“主麻日”和伊斯兰教节日前来聚礼。广州交易会期间，许多阿拉伯商人前来做礼拜。

寺内的光塔，高36米。它的圆形塔身、笔尖形的塔尖显示了阿拉伯特有的建筑风格。在每次礼拜前，就有人登上塔顶高喊“邦克”，招呼伊斯兰教徒快来做礼拜，故该塔最初叫“邦克塔”。因“光”和“邦克”在广州话里发音相似，故该塔又称光塔。当时阿拉伯教徒常在晚上登塔点灯，为阿拉伯船舶指引航向。

怀圣寺是省级重点文物保护单位。当年建造怀圣寺的艾比•苑葛素归真后，葬于桂花岗的先贤古墓地。

尊敬的游客们，欢迎大家乘坐秦兵马俑的专车。我是你们的导游。下面我为你们介绍一下秦兵马俑。

秦兵马俑在我国的临潼挖掘出土，它举世无双，是享誉世界的珍贵历史文物。秦兵马俑是怎么挖掘出来的呢?我来告诉你吧。从前有几个农民相邀一起去打水，然后他们发现那口井下有一条隧道，他们沿那条隧道走下去，就发现了秦兵马俑。

秦兵马俑的规模宏大，目前发现了三个俑坑，总和大约20190平方米，在三个俑坑中，一号俑坑最大，已经占了14260平方米，远看一号俑坑，坑里的兵马俑一行行，一看就知道是所向披靡的大军。

秦兵马俑不仅规模宏大，而且类型众多，个性鲜明。秦兵马俑里有将军俑、武士俑、骑兵俑、马俑等等。将军俑身材魁梧，身披铠甲。将军俑总是威风凛凛，好像凯旋归来的样子。

剩下的我就不说了，请大家细细游赏。

山门左右两边供奉的是佛教中的护法神将──四大天王，在《封神榜》里，他们又叫四大金刚，根据他们所执的法器，各有不同的寓意。右边执剑的是南方增长天王，代表风(锋);弹琵琶的是东方持国天王，代表调。左边执伞的是北方多闻天王，代表雨;捉蛇的是西方广目天王，代表顺。四大天王就代表风调雨顺。大家看正面的屏风上的四幅板刻，由右至左分别记载了宾公佛的生平事迹。

绕过屏风，往里走，见到的就是大雄宝殿。大雄宝殿建于康熙五十四年，殿前东边的钟楼，西边的鼓楼，即所谓晨钟暮鼓，现已撤消了，钟、鼓移入殿内，待会儿大家进殿就会看到。大雄宝殿右边是蛇盘神龟雕像，左边是观音阁。

大家知道殿内供奉的是什么佛吗?请看这些挂幡就知道了。释伽牟尼佛是古印度净饭王太子，观世人之生、老、病、死诸苦，就出家修行，寻找解脱之道。经六年苦行后，坐在菩提树下，开悟成佛，终于认识了人生宇宙的真谛，找到了由生死此岸到解脱彼岸的道路。你们看两旁的对联：要识今世兴衰当问先人作事，欲知后来祸福须思自己行为。对联意义深刻，告诫人们要静思己过，乐善好施。大殿两边墙壁上有彩色泥塑十八罗汉象，形态栩栩如生，无一相同。十八罗汉是由佛的xx大弟子，后人加上后世二尊演变而成。

穿过大雄宝殿，第三进供奉的是宾公生佛。宾公生佛以肉身装塑而成。那么如何保存这真身不腐呢?他不同于埃及的木乃伊，也不是医学上的干尸和蜡尸，而是先把尸体弄成盘膝而坐的姿势，背后撑铁条，然后用掺加了五香粉的福州漆，在尸身上反复扫抹几十层，使尸体有一层厚约

5、6毫米的漆壳。全尸身仅在下部留一个孔。再把漆好的尸身放在装满生石灰的大缸上。数年之后，尸体肌肉腐坏，尸水由下部小孔排出，漆壳内便剩下一架骨头，这便是"真身"了。宾公生佛是有求必应的，大家留意到门前的对联没有?证得菩提心有路，果真佛法力无边。因此，大家在参拜过程中，心诚则灵。

走出佛爷殿，我们参观蛇盘神龟雕塑。相传，龟蛇相会，是千年难遇的吉祥征兆。

玫瑰圣母堂的导游词

玫瑰圣母堂又称板樟堂或多明我堂，始建于1687年，是天主教的明我会教士初到澳门时设立的，至今已有四百年的历史。教堂于1828年重修，今天壮观的规模即源于此。

板樟堂供奉花地玛圣母，是葡国人很崇拜的神，堂内存有许多富有奇趣的油画及雕像，尤以耶稣基督像最为著名，从中可窥见古西班牙的宗教艺术特异之处。

圣堂内的天花板饰满图案装饰，其中有一皇冠图案，图下便是主坛，大门雕工精细；圣堂内部色彩缤纷，形状不一的彩色玻璃组合而成的图案，予人以明快之感；祭颠坛上有圣母圣婴像，圣堂内则设放花地玛圣母像，每年五月十三日的花地玛圣母出游即以此圣堂为起点。

教堂通常于下午开放，可先按门铃，然后经旁边闸门进入，再绕过一条长廊便可进入圣堂内部，圣堂后面设有一小博物院，内藏圣保罗大教堂所遗留下来的早期著名雕刻及遗物。

尊敬的游客朋友：

您好，欢迎您到云台山观光游览!我是导游员,很高兴能为您提供导游讲解服务，希望我的真诚服务能换来您的满意笑容。也希望大家在云台山度过一个开心愉快的假期。现在就请大家跟随我一起，开始今天的云台山之旅。

百家岩综合服务大厅 现在我们所处的位置是综合服务楼一楼大厅，大厅正前方是大型生态停车场，20xx年5月1日正式启用，停车场面积35万平方米，共设停车位4998个，其中大车位998个，小车位4000个。彻底解决的游客“进不去，出不来”的问题。现在我们所在的位置是云台山多功能服务大厅。这里有售票处、验票处、游客服务中心、休息室、医疗室、餐厅、洗手间、购物区、话吧。其中游客服务中心可以为您提供咨询、行李免费寄存、景区风光片播放、触摸屏导览、语音导游、广播、纪念品、雨伞、婴儿车、轮椅、手机加油站、投诉、临时休息等服务。

温馨提示 在这里，我给大家一些提示：景区门票是通票制，分景点验票，两日内有效，但不能重复游览同一个景区，其中小寨沟景区包含三个景点潭瀑峡、泉瀑峡、猕猴谷，一次性验票。目前，景区实行的是电子门禁系统，每人一张电子门票，请您保管好各自的门票，不要丢失、弯折、浸水。验票时，请把门票上的条码在闸机上扫描一下，享受优惠票的游客，同时请您主动出示一下相关证件。验票后请您乘坐景区的绿色观光巴士进行游览，两日内，您可以凭票在指定的停靠点上下车。

游览时，一请按照指定的登山线路游览，注意游览标志;二请您配合我们的工作，维护景区的环境卫生和游览秩序;三护林防火、保护环境，请大家到专门设立的吸烟亭内吸烟。景区共有五个服务区，都可以为大家提供就餐和住宿，在那里您可以享受到一种家庭式的居住环境，品尝到一些山村风味和地方特产。如果您还有什么不清楚的地方，欢迎您询问我们的工作人员，景区还设有咨询热线0391-7709001。

穿过验票厅，咱们大家必须换乘景区的绿色观光巴士，云台山景区从宇通公司量身订购了150台豪华客车，尾气排放达到欧Ⅲ标准。并且在全省范围内招聘了高素质的司机和讲解员，为社会就业缓解了压力，也成为云台山一道亮丽的风景线。