北京故宫导游词1500字
大家好,欢迎来到故宫参观,我姓陈,您们叫我陈导就行了。我先给大家介绍一下故宫的概况,之后介绍太和殿、中和殿、保和殿、乾清宫、和。故宫,又名紫禁城,是我国重要的历史保护文物,1987年被联合国教科文组织列入“世界文化遗产”名录。
紫禁城的由来有两种说法,第一种是依照中国古代星象学说:北极星在中天,故宫正好对着北极星,天人对应;第二种是:因为故宫是紫色的,又是禁城,所以故宫又称紫禁城。明代第三位皇帝朱棣开始营造这座宫殿,到明永乐十八年(1420年)落成。
在之后五百多年里,共有24位皇帝在那里生活居住。紫禁城周围有高10m的城墙和宽52m的护城河。城南北长961m,东西宽753m,占地面积达72万。
故宫建筑布局沿中轴线向两侧展开,宫殿建筑总面积达163,000。太和殿是皇上召集大臣上朝和商议国家大事的地方。自1420年建成后屡遭焚毁,又多次重建,这天看到的是清代康熙三十四年(1695年)重建的。太和殿建筑面积2377,相当于50个教室,高35.05m,相当于10层楼那么高,为紫禁城内规模最大的殿宇。
太和殿装饰十分豪华,殿内金砖铺地,设有宝座。说是金砖,但是金砖不是用金子做的,金砖是专供宫殿使用的一种高质量的铺地方砖,产自苏州、松江等地,选料精良,制作工艺复杂。因其质地坚细,敲起来发出金属般声音,故名金砖。太和殿前有宽阔的平台,称为丹陛,俗称月台。月台上陈设日晷、嘉量各一,铜龟、铜鹤各一对,铜鼎18座。大家往太和殿两侧看,是不是有很多个大水缸?它是干什么的呢,对了,是灭火的。大水缸的下面有一个凹槽,是因为冬天水会结冰,往凹槽里放火把就能不让水结冰。
太和殿是故宫里最总要重要的宫殿,许多历史决策都是从那里出去的。太和殿后是中和殿,是皇上上朝前休息的地方。保和殿位于中和殿后,是殿试的地方。考试的第一名叫状元,第二名称为磅眼,第三名是探花。不知皇帝端坐在上上面,考生是不是会紧张的发抖。皇帝把殿试安排在宫殿内,可见皇帝是多莫重视殿试。
故宫后半部分是皇帝和妃子们生活和居住的地方。乾清宫是后宫最大的宫殿,是皇上的寝宫。宫内宝座上方悬“正大光明”匾,据传皇帝把自己立的太子名字放在“正大光明”匾后,用这种方法确定皇位继承人,减少为争夺皇位自相惨杀。
坤宁宫是皇后的寝宫,它是唯一一座在中轴线上的妃子的寝宫,也是距离乾清宫最近的,体现了皇后在后宫中至高无上的地位,“一个成功男人的背后总有一个成功的女人”这句话在那里得到了印证。在坤宁宫前有个小的宫殿交泰殿,它是皇后在千秋节日收贺礼的地方。我们参观的只是中轴线上的重要宫殿,中轴线的.后面是御花园,两旁还有一些宫殿,前半部分是以太和殿为中心,后半部分是一些妃子和宫女的寝宫。此刻解说完毕,请大家自由参观。
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篇1:故宫导游词音译英语
Ladies and gentlemen:
Everybody is good! My name is wang Dan, please call me Wang Dao, I am a travel agency "tomorrow will be better", I am your tour guide, we believe that our cooperation will be very happy.
Today we came to the Palace Museum, the Palace Museum, also known as the Forbidden City. In the Ming dynasty emperor yongle after seizing devotee, decided to move to Beijing, in 1406 started to build the palace, to the Ming yongle eighteen years (1420 AD) built. Palace city construction layout along the central axis spread out on both sides. Red Huang Wa, paintings carved beams, glittering. The house number crunchers, strewn at random discretion, grand magnificent. Toward Tun skarn Xun, like fairyland. In the era of the feudal monarchy, ordinary Forbidden City palace is located in the city center, 753 meters wide from east to west, north and south long 961 meters, covers an area of 723600 square meters, the ring around 10 meters high walls and a moat 52 meters wide, commonly known as TongZiHe. Walls all around of a gate, south of the meridian gate, the north said creature door, about to DongHuaMen, the xihua gate, the meridian gate and creature is exclusively for visitors. Ancient buildings in the city with a total area of about 160000 square meters. Forbidden City, the first part (the southern half) to taihe palace, zhonghe palace and Baohe Palace three main halls as the center, with mandarin, Wu Ying second temple, referred to as "the outer court", Ming and qing dynasties is the emperor to handle affairs, the place of the meeting and other important ceremonies. Three main halls built in high 8. 13 meters on the three layers of white marble stone stylobate. The hall of supreme harmony area of 2370 square meters, the high of 33. 33 meters, double-hipped roof hip roof yellow glazed tile roof, is the tallest building in ancient Chinese architecture existence, is the symbol of the feudal imperial power, the emperor DengJi, flower, wedding, queen title-conferring are held here. Baohe Palace roof is faced jehiel mountain type, inside lineage in song and yuan column "reduced" French, open space, in the qing dynasty is held banquets maharaja, position, etc.
Chinese astronomers will all the stars in the sky into three constant, 20 BaSu, thirty-one days district, one of the three constant is constant, and Chinese. Constant day city. So the ancients think of the Forbidden City is the seat of deeds, so called the purple palace. The emperor was the son of deeds, and to show its at the central, regal aura around the world.
Well, thats it for the one-day tour of the Forbidden City, we shall meet again, goodbye visitors!
篇2:介绍故宫的导游词
大家好!欢迎大家来到故宫,很高兴能为大家服务,我是本次大家旅程的导游韩一铭,大家叫我韩导就行。今天由我陪同大家共度这段美好的时光。
现在,大家已经乘车来到了位于北京市中心的故宫。这里曾居住过24个皇帝,是明、清两代的皇宫,现在是故宫博物馆。故宫整个建筑金碧辉煌,庄严绚丽,无论是平面布局、立体效果还是形式上的雄伟堂皇,都堪称无与伦比的杰作。
我们先来观看故宫的中轴吧!这条中轴在北京城的中轴线上。三大殿、后三宫、御花园都位于这条中轴线上。在中轴宫殿的两旁,还分布着许多殿宇,也都宏伟华丽。
参观完了中轴线,就要去艺术珍品馆啦!故宫的一些宫殿中建立了综合性的历史艺术馆、绘画馆、分类的陶瓷馆、青铜器馆、明清工艺美术馆、铭刻馆、玩具馆、文房四宝馆、珍宝馆、钟表馆和清代宫廷典章文物展览等,收藏有大量的古代艺术珍品。据统计,有102653件,其中很多文物都是绝无仅有的无价之宝。
故宫的四个城角上,每个角都有十八柱七十二条脊的角楼,有一个关于角楼的传说。有一天,永乐皇帝让大臣们在故宫的四个犄角上修建一座九梁十柱七十二条脊,这可把大臣们给难住了。有一天,一位木匠见了一个装蝈蝈的笼子,觉着笼子非常奇怪,就走过去看了看,一数,这正是九梁十柱七十二条脊!木匠立刻交给了大臣。从此,就留下了这样的角楼。
各位游客,我们今天的游览马上就要结束了,对我今天的讲解,欢迎您提出意见和建议,我深表感谢。最后,祝大家玩得开心!谢谢!
篇3:300字故宫导游词
朋友们好!我是火柴人俱乐部的会员,我姓许,大家就叫我许导好了。在故宫有些地方不能照相、甚至连摸也不行、不能随地扔垃圾、不能随地吐痰。
故宫占地72万平方米,其中建筑面积为16.3万平方米,南北长961米,东西宽753米,周围有10米高的城墙环绕,还有宽52米的护城河,在四角都建有一座精美的角楼。
根据1973年的统计,故宫有大小院落90多座,房屋有980座,共计8704间。明朝永乐皇帝朱棣登基不久,在永乐四年,也就是1406年下诏营建北京紫禁城。修建分为两个阶段,第一阶段是从永乐四年开始备料,而第二阶段就是在永乐十五年,1417年六月开始动工兴建,历时14年,在永乐十八年,1420年完工。
在建造过程中,征集了全国10万名能工巧匠和民夫100万人,而建筑材料都来自全国各地,比如汉白玉石来北京房山,金砖来自苏州,石灰来自河北易州,五色虎皮石来自河北蓟县盘山,殿基所用的精砖石来自山东临清,松木多来自东北,而楠木多来自四川、云贵、浙江等地,可见当时工程的浩大。
今天的游览该结束了。欢迎你们再来北京故宫玩。记住,我是火柴人俱乐部的会员许导。
篇4:导游词北京故宫500字范文大全
各位游客,大家好。我是这次旅游的导游冯奕嘉,我很荣幸能够带领大家去故宫参观旅游,希望我能带给大家最好的服务。
现在展现在我们面前的就是气势雄伟的古代宫殿--故宫了。大家看这个四面就是宫墙,而且宫墙四面都建有高大的城门,南为午门,也就是故宫的正门,北为神武门,东为东华门,西为西华门,这宫墙四门的角楼都是风格独特、造型绮丽的。
现在请跟我一起去故宫中最大的宫殿太和殿看看!这里是明、清皇帝召见百官、发号施令、举行庆典的地方。全殿面阔11间,进深5间,外有廊柱,殿内外共立72跟大柱。殿高35米,殿内净空高达14米,宽63米,面积2377平方米,为全国最大的木构大殿。我再给大家介绍其他的宫殿吧!
现在我们来到了中和殿。中和殿是为帝王太和殿途中的演习礼仪之地。保和殿是皇帝宴请外藩王公贵族和京中文武大臣之处。我们再来看看文华殿,他是明代皇子读书。乾清门是故宫外朝和内廷的分界处,由此向北便是内廷。乾清宫是明、清皇帝居住和处理政务的地方。慈宁宫就是皇上住的地方。你们看过还珠格格这部电视剧吗?它就是在故宫里拍的。
规划严整,气魄雄伟,极为壮观,这就是我国的故宫。无论在平面布局,立体效果以及形式上的雄伟、堂皇、庄严、和谐都属于无与伦比的杰作。它标志着我国悠久的文化传统,显示着500余年前我国在建筑艺术上的卓越成就。
现在大家可以自由参观,可是我要提醒大家一定要注意保持故宫的环境。
篇5:最简单的拉萨导游词
有一年暑假,我和爸爸妈妈驾驶着汽车来到了美丽的“日光城”――拉萨。
一来到拉萨,就看到了那最显眼的布达拉宫。从正面看,布达拉宫依山而建,群楼重叠,高大而又雄伟。从反面看,布达拉宫就犹如一个巨人,倚靠着山就好像休息似的,并且,这个巨人还让藏式建筑与汉族的文化融为一体,因此,布达拉宫才享有“世界屋脊的明珠”的美称。
欣赏完雄伟的布达拉宫,我们就沿着路往前走。这时,我被一座大山所吸引了,这座山十分壮丽,高大无比,山上的植物苍翠茂盛,挺拔的松树、翠绿的竹子、大叶子的广玉兰……山顶天立地,站上去仿佛抬头一伸手就可以摸到云,低头就是“一览众山小”哇!看完了壮丽的山,我们继续沿着公路往北边去,不知不觉我们走到了拉萨的一个河畔。河水清澈见底,再加上那像水洗过的蓝宝石一样湛蓝的天空的映衬,河水就显得更加的清澈,简直连一颗沙子都没有。我一下子被眼前的情景给迷住了,连爸爸妈妈叫了半天我都没听见。
我们继续往前走,过了一座小桥,来到了一片大草坪里。那草坪绿油油的,每株小草都显得生机勃勃,强劲有力,东西南北风都别想刮倒它们。大草地无边无际,小草沐浴着温暖的阳光,喝着晶莹透亮的露珠,在大地上欢快地扭动身子,跳起舞来。
我恋恋不舍地告别了“日光城”拉萨,告别了布达拉宫,告别了这小河、草地和大地。
篇6:2024年北京故宫导游词
各位游客:
大家好!我是陈家烁,大家可以叫我陈导,也可以叫我小存。今天我领大家浏览的景点是北京故宫。现在,我为大家介绍一下北京故宫。
故宫位于北京市城区中心,是明、清两代的皇宫,是当今世界上现存规模最大,建筑最雄伟、保存最完整的古代皇家宫殿。故宫又叫紫禁城,它以园林景观和容纳了家具及工艺品9000个房间的庞大建筑群,成为明清时代中国文明无价的历史见证。
各位朋友,我们接着往前走。瞧!这就是故宫的正门——午门,象征着正午的太阳光芒四射。大家请看!我们面前的是五座用汉白玉修成的石桥,它们象征着仁、义、礼、智、信五德,是皇帝集美好品质为一身的意思。
好!大家请往这边走。你们知道这个金碧辉煌的宫殿叫什么名字吗?答对了,这个宫殿就叫太和殿,这座大殿和其它建筑不同哦,太和殿是整座故宫里级别最高的建筑,它只有在皇帝举行盛大典礼时才使用。因此,大家进入时要注意,不能踩门坎,男士左脚跨过,女士右脚跨过,进来的游客请继续听我讲解。太和殿高35米,东西长64米,总面积有2377平方米,有40多个教室那么大。大家请往上看,殿顶形式是最高等级的重檐庑殿顶,装饰用的彩绘为最高等级的金龙和凤凰,就连大殿正脊上的吻兽也是我国目前最大的。大家可以环顾一下四周,太和殿里的每样物品几乎都是“第一”。
游完了太和殿,我再带大家去参观保和殿。
这座保和殿是清代的国宴厅及科举考场。自从乾隆皇帝上任之后,这里便成为每四年一次的皇家科举考场。大家都知道,乾隆身边有一位大臣叫刘镛,他就是在这个保和殿考上状元呢!
故宫的浏览就到这里,大家对我的工作还满意吗?如果大家对我有什么建议的话,可以提出来,我会努力改进的。再见!
篇7:故宫导游词英文版
Dear guests
Hello! Entrusted by the tourism and reception departments, I would like toextend a warm welcome to all the guests visiting Qufu, a famous city. I am veryglad to be accompanied by a tour guide. This is a good opportunity for us toenjoy and study together. Please leave your valuable comments after reading.
First of all, I would like to briefly introduce the history and culturalrelics of Qufu.
Qufu, a famous historical and cultural city, is the hometown of Confucius,a great thinker, educator, politician, literature arranger and sage of the worldin ancient China, the hometown of Mencius, the birthplace of Xuanyuan YellowEmperor, the ancestor of the Chinese nation, the capital of Yan Emperor, thehometown of Shang and Yin, and the capital of Lu. Four of the three emperors andfive emperors lived and worked here for more than 5000 years. There are abundanttreasures underground and numerous cultural relics on the ground. At present,there are 112 cultural relics, including UN protected units, 3 World CulturalHeritage sites, 4 national protected sites, 12 provincial protected sites, andothers protected at prefecture level.
The most important ones are "three Confucius, two temples and onemausoleum", "three mountains, two forests and one temple". Confucius Temple,Confucius Mansion and Confucius forest are commonly known as "three Confucius".There are temples dedicated to Zhou Gong, the sage of the Yuan Dynasty in China,and temples dedicated to Fusheng Yanhui, the first disciple of Confucius, whichare commonly known as "two temples"; Yiling is SHAOHAO mausoleum in Shouqiu, thebirthplace of Yellow Emperor; Sanshan; and Jiuxian mountain (also known asJiushan), the birthplace of Confucius. The second forest is: mengmulin, the bestmother to educate children in the world, lianggonglin, the burial place ofConfucius parents; "Yisi" is the place where Li Bai and Du Fu wrote poems,answered correctly and parted. The famous scholar Kong Shangren lived inseclusion in Shimen temple, the national garden.
Now lets look at the Confucius Temple.
Confucius Temple, also known as Zhisheng temple, is a place for offeringsacrifices to Confucius and his wife Qi Guan and 72 sages. Together with theForbidden City in Beijing and Chengde summer resort in Hebei, Confucius Templeis known as Chinas three major ancient architectural complexes. Experts saidfour words to Confucius Temple: the oldest, the most grand, the most completepreservation, and the most prominent Oriental architectural features. Twoproblems can be seen from the Confucius Temple: one is the great contribution ofConfucius to China and even the oriental culture; the other is that China hascraftsmen in history.
Confucius Temple was built in 478 BC, the year after Confucius died. In theformer residence of Confucius, three temples were built to display Confuciusclothes, cars, books and so on. The Confucius Temple was expanded by emperors ofall dynasties, including 15 major repairs, 31 medium repairs and hundreds ofminor repairs, reaching the present scale. The Confucius Temple imitates theimperial palace. It is divided into three layout, nine courtyards. It has 466houses and 54 gates and pavilions. It runs through a central axis from east towest. There are nearly one thousand steles, covering an area of 327.5 mu, whichis two Li and 150 meters long. The Confucius Temple we see now is the scale ofthe Hongzhi period of the Ming Dynasty. After liberation, the state allocatedfunds for maintenance and protection for many times. The first batch of nationalkey cultural relic protection units announced by China were listed as worldcultural heritage in December 1994, and became cultural relic units protected bythe United Nations. Confucius Temple has been built for a long time, has a largescale, and is completely preserved, which is rare in the world.
Shinto. "Wanren palace wall" before the ancient cypress vigorous thissection of the road is "Shinto". In front of important temples, there is aspecial way of respecting and understanding, which is called "Shinto".
Wanren palace wall. This gate is the South Gate of Ming City in Qufu, andit is also the first gate of Confucius Temple. It is hung with the fourcharacters of "Wanren palace wall", which was written by Emperor Qianlong ofQing Dynasty. It comes from Zi Gong, the proud disciple of Confucius. At themeeting of the state of Lu, it was proposed that Zigongs knowledge was broadand profound, which could be compared with Confucius. Zigong stood upimmediately and said, I dare not compare with my teacher Confucius. Humanknowledge is like a wall. My wall is only one Ren high, and my teachers wall isseveral Ren high. That is to say, my knowledge is equal to a shoulder high,clear at a glance, nothing profound; Confucius knowledge is several times asmuch as mine, after detailed research, comprehensive discussion, we canunderstand all of him, after entering the door, we can see the beauty of thetemple, you cant see it outside the door. In order to describe Confuciusprofound knowledge, later generations changed from the masters wall to "hundredRen" and "thousand Ren" to the emperor of Ming Dynasty who granted Confucius thetitle of "civil servant in the world, imperial teacher of all dynasties", andpraised Confucius knowledge as "ten thousand Ren". Looking up, we cant see thetop. It also said that the wall was very solid. These four words were originallywritten by the imperial envoy of Ming Dynasty. In order to show that he attachedgreat importance to Confucius, Qianlong replaced his imperial pen with hispersonal letter "Wanren palace wall".
Jin Sheng Yu Zhen Fang. This workshop was built in Ming Dynasty to expressConfucius exquisite and perfect knowledge, just like the whole process ofplaying music, which is complete from beginning to end. Ancient music beginswith the ringing of a bell, which starts with the sound of "the beginning oforder" and ends with the striking of a chime. The sound of "jade vibration" isthe sound of the falling of the chime, which is called "the end of order".Praising Confucius knowledge is a great achievement of the sages and sages, soit is called "the sound of gold and the sound of jade vibration". The sound of"golden sound" is the sound of the bell, which starts with the sound of "jadevibration" and ends with the sound of the chime. This is also the source of theidiom "start and finish". "Jin Sheng Yu Zhen" was written by Hu zuanzong, agreat calligrapher in Ming Dynasty.
"Two cypresses bear one hole". There is an ancient cypress in the East andwest of the single hole stone arch bridge passing yuzhenfang, so it is called"two cypresses bear one hole". This bridge is called "Panshui bridge", which isconnected with the water in the pan pool beside the palace, so it is called "panwater". In the past, when I read the book of Confucius and Mencius, I wasadmitted to higher education, which is called "entering hope". Officials hope tobe promoted, do business, hope to get rich, and live a prosperous life.
Dismount monument. Outside the temple wall, there are two stone tablets,the Xiama tablet and Xiajiao tablet, which were set up in 1191 ad. The stele inthe West had been destroyed, and the stele in the East said, "officials andpeople wait to get off here.". In the past, civil and military officials andcommon people passed by, dismounted and walked on foot to show respect forConfucius and Confucius Temple.
Lattice star gate. It was built in the Ming Dynasty and rebuilt in 1754 ad.it was made of wood instead of iron and stone. "Lingxingmen" was written byEmperor Qianlong. It is said that there are twenty-eight constellations in thesky. Among them, there is a star in charge of culture called "Lingxing", alsoknown as "Wenqu star" and "tianzhenxing". It connects Confucius with the star incharge of culture in the sky and says that he is the highest in culture. Forexample, in the past, when worshiping heaven, we should first worship "Wenqustar". There is a saying that respecting Confucius is like respectingheaven.
Taihe Yuanqi square. This workshop was built in 1544 A.D. in the MingDynasty. It highly praises Confuciuss idea that "the space universe can nurtureall things.". "The harmony of heaven and earth, the harmony of the four sides,the harmony of yin and Yang" is the most basic thing, the harmony of theuniverse and the vitality of the human world. "Taihe Yuanqi" is written by ZengMian, governor of Shandong Province.
The most holy temple. The "Zhisheng Temple Square" built in the MingDynasty is made of white marble, decorated with flame jewels.
The world of moral Mou, the road crown ancient and modern. The East andwest of the Taoist temple are lined with a very strange memorial archway.Surrounded by wooden corner edges, there are a thousand heads and ten thousandcontinuations. There are eight monsters under it, which are called "Heavendragon and God lion". It is said that it is dignified and inspired, which candrive away evil and uphold justice. In the eastern memorial archway, it waswritten: "demou heaven and earth", saying that the benefits of Confucius ideasto human beings are as high as heaven and earth, and the merits and virtues canbe compared with heaven and earth. The memorial archway in the West reads"Daoguan ancient and modern", praising Confucius thoughts and methods, whichare the highest in the world.
Holy time gate. The three gates are parallel, the four platforms are thesame as above, and the central Panlong. The name of this gate comes fromMencius. For the four ancient sages, Boyi, Yiyin, liuxiahui and Confucius,Mencius summed up the Four Saints holy deeds into four sentences: Boyi is thesage of the Qing Dynasty, Yiyin is the sage of the appointed, liuxiahui is thesage of the sum, and Confucius is the sage of the time. "Shengshi" highlypraises Confucius thought, advocates enduring, and is a sage suitable for thetimes. When the emperor came to Qufu to court Confucius, he had to kneel downthree times and knock nine times, and walk through the gate of holy time. WhenYan Shenggong was born, he opened the gate of holy time. All go fast, the gateis high.
Lets have a quick look at the gate. That is to say, Confucius knowledgeof "Five Classics and four books" means that those who learn first have culturefirst, and those who learn first have knowledge first. They compete to learn,and it is a pleasure to see first and read first.
Look up at the door. It was named after Yan Huis praise of Confucius. YanHui said that the teachers way is to raise the top and drill the bottom. PraiseConfucius for his lack of knowledge, which is called "Mi Gao". It is difficultto understand classical Chinese, which is called "Mi Jian". Gao is notunattainable, but can be learned through hard work. Yan Hui said, "the masterfollowed the rules and was good at attracting people. He learned from me inwriting and said that I was polite." My teacher is good at persuasion, teachingme culture and courtesy.
Han stone man. In the pavilion of yanggaomenli, there are two Han stonepeople with high historical value. One is the "Pavilion leader" (a localofficial of Han Dynasty), and the other is the pawn of the palace gate. They areall guards in front of the tomb of the king of Lu. The stone man is valued bythe ancient scholars of epigraphy, which is of great value to the study of HanDynasty clothing and writing.
Jinshui bridge, this bridge, with the same name as the bridge in front ofthe Forbidden City, is also called Jinshui bridge, also known as Bishui bridge,with three holes arranged in a row and green water rippling.
Hongdaomen. Crossing jinshuiqiao is the "hongdaomen" appointed by theemperor of Ming Dynasty, which means "people can promote Taoism, not Taoism" inthe Analects of Confucius. Confucius is an ordinary literati, why become asaint? Praise Confucius summed up the experience of sages, especially carryforward the Yao, Shun, Yu Tang, civil and military Zhou Gongs way. "To say thatpeople can command and create everything is to praise peoples subjectiveinitiative." There are two stone tablets under the Hongdao gate. The four edgedstone tablet in the East is the "history of Qufu", which records the history ofQufus evolution. It was established in the Yuan Dynasty and has high historicalvalue. In the west is the "epitaph of Mr. Chushi", which has high calligraphyvalue.
Big middle gate. Dazhongmen is the gate of Confucius Temple in SongDynasty. It is called "Zhonghe gate", which means that problems can be solvedeasily with Confucius thoughts. In the Ming Dynasty, the temple was renamed as"the great gate of the middle", praising Confucius knowledge as a collection ofhuman knowledge. In the middle, it means "the right way of the world in themiddle, the theorem of the world in the middle". Those who leave the middle arenot the right way, but the evil way. That is to say, no left, no right, fair andjust, forward is the mean. There are two turrets at the East and West ends ofDazhong gate, which are used to guard the Confucius Temple.
Tongwenmen, four famous brands, Confucian temple. There are four monumentsin the middle gate. The tablet of Hongzhi in the west of the Ming Dynasty talksabout the ethics of the cardinal principles. On the right side of the Hongzhimonument is the "Confucian temple map" drawn by Li Dongyang, a talented man ofthe Ming Dynasty in Changsha, Hunan Province, which is of high value.
Chenghua stele was erected by Zhu Jianshen, the emperor of Chenghua in MingDynasty. There are two situations that have attracted the attention ofcelebrities of all ages. First, Chenghua tablets regular script is wellwritten, standardized, exquisite and attractive; The second is the highestevaluation of Confucius. Emperors of all dynasties have commented on Confucius.The highest evaluation is emperor Chenghua. He compares Confucius ideas andmethods to eating, dressing and spending money. One day is inseparable fromthem. With Confucius principles and methods, one can make the best use of onestalents, materials and land. Otherwise, it will be a mess. It is said that ifthere is Confucius way, there will be a world. If there is no Confucius way,there will be no world. If there is anti Confucius way, there will be no world.Such as the inscription said: "I only have Confuciuss way, the world can not bewithout Yan, there is Confuciuss way, then the principle of justice and ethics,everything has its own place..., Confuciuss way in the world, such as cloth SuShu, peoples livelihood daily use can not be short of,... Born Confuciusvertical for the holy, lifes safety, benevolence and righteousness in theright, the rise of the teachers way, from travel 3000, to the holy is thenext."
Tongwenmen. The meaning of the word "human heart" is the same as that ofthe text. That is to say, only with concerted efforts and unity can we do a goodjob; the writing should be unified, only with unified writing can we record theexperience of historical communication, and random writing will lead toconfusion. Tongwen gate is an important barrier in front of Kuiwen Pavilion.
Kuiwen Pavilion, originally a library, is a place for collecting booksgranted by the emperor. It was built in the second year of emperor Tianxi ofSong Dynasty (A.D. 1018), and was changed into "kuiwenge" when Jin Zhangzongrebuilt it. This unique and majestic building is entirely of wood structure,which is an isolated example in the construction of China building. Afterseveral earthquakes, kuiwenge was not destroyed. In the earthquake of Kangxi 5years in Qing Dynasty, "nine out of ten houses fell, one out of ten remained,and kuiwenge remained motionless.". Li Dongyang, the Minister of the Ministry ofofficial in Ming Dynasty, wrote "kuiwenge Fu", praising the architecturalresearch value of kuiwenge. Its the stele at the east end of the corridor.
In front of the pavilion, the eastern and Western courtyards are called"zhaisu", which is a place for worshippers to fast and bathe. Dongyuan is theresidence of Yan Shenggong, where Kangxi and Qianlong spent their time to wash.The West courtyard is the shelter of the sacrificial staff. Kong zhaoxun, theseventy-one generation grandson of Confucius, inlaid more than 130 steles in thetemple for worshiping Confucius in the song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties onthe wall of the courtyard, so xizhaisu is also known as the stele courtyard.
Thirteen stele pavilions. This is the sixth courtyard of the ConfuciusTemple. There are 55 steles in the pavilion, which were erected in Tang, song,Jin, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. The contents of the steles are the emperors,Imperial Envoys worship of Confucius, the posthumous title and evaluation ofConfucius. The records of the previous construction of the Confucius Temple arewritten in Han, Manchu, Mongolian and basiba languages. Eight in the South andfive in the north, so it is called thirteen stele pavilions. Because they areall steles approved by the emperor, they are also called imperial stelepavilions. The third and sixth pavilions in the front row from the East werebuilt in the Jin Dynasty and are rare buildings in China. All the steles arecalled "imperial steles". "Mian" is the mascot. It is said that the Dragon Kinghas nine sons, and it is the eighth son. It loves "Wen" and is good at carryingheavy loads. The stone tablet has heavy characters, which is suitable for itscharacteristics. The image should be the dragon head, turtle body, Eagle leg andsnake tail.
From the east to the north, the third Pavilion is a monument erected byEmperor Kangxi. Beijing Xishan stone by the Grand Canal, economic South andtransported here. Experts calculate that the monument weighs 130000 Jin. It wassplashed with water and frozen along the way from Jining. Sometimes it came overon the ice and only went to the land of lying cattle one day. Qufu originallyhad good stones, which should be transported from Beijing to show the emperorsattention to Confucius. There are two steles in the southeast and southwest ofthe courtyard, all of which are the records of the princes and ministers whobuilt temples and worshipped Confucius. The calligraphy value is very high.
There is one gate in the East and one in the west, Yucui gate in the Eastand Guande gate in the West. Commonly known as Donghuamen, xihuamen.
From here, the Confucius Temple is divided into three routes. The fivegates are Dacheng gate, Jinsheng gate on the left, Yuzhen gate on the right,Qisheng gate on the West and Chengsheng gate on the East. The architecturalstructure of dachengmen is "intertwined, intriguing". The center is inserted as"hook center", and the top of the left and right four corners is "bucket angle".The three characters of dachengmen were written by Emperor Yongzheng. PraiseConfucius is a collection of sages and sages, reached the supreme realm.
The first teacher planted juniper by hand. The tall and vigorous cypresstree on the left of Dacheng gate was planted by Confucius. According to records:Confucius cut three cypress trees here. In the second year of Jin Zhenyou (A.D.1214), they were destroyed by fire. The trees withered and sprouted newbranches. There were "three withers and three glories", and there was a sayingthat "cypress trees were flourishing every day.". During the Wanli period of theMing Dynasty, Yang Guangxun, a gifted scholar, wrote five characters: "the firstteacher planted cypress by hand.".
Two long corridors. On both sides of the two equal rows of houses, a totalof 80, known as the "East and West veranda", is dedicated to 72 sages. Confuciusis known as a disciple of three thousand, 72 people who are proficient in sixarts, literature and martial arts, worshipped in the East and West. All theemperors of the past dynasties were entitled to the sages. Such as DongZhongshu, Han Yu, Wang Mingyang, Zhuge Liang, Kou Zhun, Yue Fei and so on. Bythe time of the Republic of China, there were 156. The last sage is Mr. LiangQichao. The original statues and tablets were changed to wooden tablets.Dongxiwu now displays a collection of Zhonggui stone carvings before the SongDynasty. The most precious national treasures of Zhou gongxunzi and batpracticing medicine are 22 stone inscriptions of Han and Wei dynasties. The"ritual stele", "Yiying stele", "Shichen stele", "Zhang Menglong stele" and "MiFu stele" with extremely high calligraphy value are rare treasures. There aremore than 100 pieces of "Han Dynasty stone carvings" on display in Xiwu. Theyare all well-known art treasures and precious materials for the study of Han,Wei and other historical and social life. There are 584 stone inscriptions ondisplay at the north end of the East veranda, which are the yuhonglou sutraswritten by Kong Jisu, the 69 generation grandson of Confucius.
Apricot altar. It was built in memory of Confucius lecture. Confucius wasteaching to his disciples on the platform under the big apricot tree. In 1018A.D. of Song Dynasty, Confucius had 45 generations
篇8:导游词北京故宫200字
大家好,我是今天的导游李冠霖,大家也可以叫我李导,今天我带大家去参观远近闻名的故宫。
我先带大家到午门,据说以前乾隆皇帝被几个大臣吵的发火了,就叫士兵把他们推出午门打大板,后来大臣死的死,伤的伤。人们知道后就把这种行为叫做午门斩首。这就是午门的由来。
接下来请大家跟着我来到太和殿,太和殿,是以前皇帝居住的地方,请大家注意,请不要损坏里面的东西,大家看一下,里面挂着一个"光明正大"的牌子,据说“光明正大”这个牌子里面有一个小盒子,在乾隆皇帝要传位时,把小盒子拿出来,看见里面的遗书说传给小儿子就传给了小儿子。大家看到了这些大鼎了吧,据说以前是用这些来当消火器的!
请大家跟着我来,现在我们看到的是金水桥。据说以前乾隆皇帝游玩时,发现河里有金子和银子,他下令把那些金子和银子拿起来,因此这里叫作金水桥了。游客们在观看的时候要注意不要落水。
谢谢大家的配合,希望以后我们再次相见,再见!
篇9:关于怎样写关于故宫的导游词
大家好,欢迎来到故宫参观,我姓陈,您们叫我陈导就行了。我先给大家介绍一下故宫的概况,之后介绍太和殿、中和殿、保和殿、乾清宫、和。故宫,又名紫禁城,是我国重要的历史保护文物,1987年被联合国教科文组织列入“世界文化遗产”名录。紫禁城的由来有两种说法,第一种是依照中国古代星象学说:北极星在中天,故宫正好对着北极星,天人对应;第二种是:因为故宫是紫色的,又是禁城,所以故宫又称紫禁城。明代第三位皇帝朱棣开始营造这座宫殿,到明永乐十八年(1420年)落成。在之后五百多年里,共有24位皇帝在那里生活居住。紫禁城周围有高10m的城墙和宽52m的护城河。城南北长961m,东西宽753m,占地面积达72万。故宫建筑布局沿中轴线向两侧展开,宫殿建筑总面积达163,000。太和殿是皇上召集大臣上朝和商议国家大事的地方。自1420年建成后屡遭焚毁,又多次重建,这天看到的是清代康熙三十四年(1695年)重建的。太和殿建筑面积2377,相当于50个教室,高35.05m,相当于10层楼那么高,为紫禁城内规模最大的殿宇。太和殿装饰十分豪华,殿内金砖铺地,设有宝座。说是金砖,但是金砖不是用金子做的,金砖是专供宫殿使用的一种高质量的铺地方砖,产自苏州、松江等地,选料精良,制作工艺复杂。因其质地坚细
,敲起来发出金属般声音,故名金砖。太和殿前有宽阔的平台,称为丹陛,俗称月台。月台上陈设日晷、嘉量各一,铜龟、铜鹤各一对,铜鼎18座。大家往太和殿两侧看,是不是有很多个大水缸?它是干什么的呢,对了,是灭火的。大水缸的下面有一个凹槽,是因为冬天水会结冰,往凹槽里放火把就能不让水结冰。太和殿是故宫里最总要重要的宫殿,许多历史决策都是从那里出去的。太和殿后是中和殿,是皇上上朝前休息的地方。保和殿位于中和殿后,是殿试的地方。考试的第一名叫状元,第二名称为磅眼,第三名是探花。不知皇帝端坐在上上面,考生是不是会紧张的发抖。皇帝把殿试安排在宫殿内,可见皇帝是多莫重视殿试。故宫后半部分是皇帝和妃子们生活和居住的地方。乾清宫是后宫最大的宫殿,是皇上的寝宫。宫内宝座上方悬“正大光明”匾,据传皇帝把自己立的太子名字放在“正大光明”匾后,用这种方法确定皇位继承人,减少为争夺皇位自相惨杀。坤宁宫是皇后的寝宫,它是唯一一座在中轴线上的妃子的寝宫,也是距离乾清宫最近的,体现了皇后在后宫中至高无上的地位,“一个成功男人的背后总有一个成功的女人”这句话在那里得到了印证。在坤宁宫前有个小的宫殿交泰殿,它是皇后在千秋节日收贺礼的地方。我们参观的只是中
轴线上的重要宫殿,中轴线的后面是御花园,两旁还有一些宫殿,前半部分是以太和殿为中心,后半部分是一些妃子和宫女的寝宫。此刻解说完毕,请大家自由参观。
篇10:故宫简短导游词
太和殿是整座紫禁城内级别最高的建筑、只有皇帝举行盛大典礼时才使用、象征皇权的至高无上、太和殿俗称金銮殿、是我国现存木结构大殿的杰出典范之作、太和殿始建于1420年、当时叫奉天殿、后来、改叫皇极殿、清顺治皇帝登基后、重修三大殿、并将皇极殿改为太和殿、意思是、宇宙间的一切关系都可以得到协调的意思、后来康熙年间又重修第二次、才有今天的规模、它是紫禁城内大殿之最、装饰用的彩绘为最高等级的金龙和玺、殿顶形式为最高等级的重檐庑殿顶、就连大殿上的吻兽也是我国目前最大的、总之出处显示“第一”、那是“老子天下第一”思想的体现、
大殿内的陈设简单而又富丽堂皇、地上是“金砖漫地”、皇帝的九龙宝座位于二米高的楠木高台上、皇帝升座后、颇有居庙堂之高、君临天下之威风、宝座前陈设有宝象、仙鹤、香亭等物品、都取其美好的寓意、
在太和殿外的露台上左右各有一只乌龟和仙鹤、取之龟鹤延年之意、江山社稷万代相传、此外、还有日晷、嘉量、是古代的计时工具和计量器具、象征皇帝公正无私、对天下百姓都是坦诚、平等的、
看完了太和殿,我们再来看中和殿。大家请看!中和殿是皇帝在大典前等待吉时、稍事休息的地方。下面,请大家跟我来一起参观当时的国宴厅--保和殿。各位朋友,这座大殿是故宫前朝三大殿中的最后一座大殿,叫保和殿。这座大殿被称为清代的国宴厅及科举考场。
现在我们来到了乾清宫,这是皇帝在紫禁城中居住和处理日常政事的地方。乾清宫分为中殿、东暖阁及西暖阁三个部分。正殿是皇帝处理日常政务、临时按见大臣的地方,殿中设有皇帝宝座及御案,正中挂着一块“正大光明”匾,那是清朝皇帝的祖训,作为治国、修身、平天下的基本准则。东、西暖阁是皇帝晚上住宿的地方。
现在请各位随我去参观交泰殿。各位请看,这座四角攒尖顶的大殿叫交泰殿,这座建筑是明清两朝皇后过生日时举行寿庆活动的地方。在大殿后墙匾额上有“无为”二字,那里是康熙皇帝的御笔,意思是希望后代能够以德制国,施以仁政,以图国家长治久安。
大家现在看到的是坤宁宫、坤宁宫是在紫禁城内居住的地方、坤宁即是像大地一样宁静、安忍不动、意思是说皇后是后宫之主、母仪天下、应该有大地一样安忍不动的胸怀、后来、自雍正皇帝开始坤宁宫西部改成了萨满教的祭祀场所、东部改为皇帝大婚的洞房。
篇11:关于故宫的优秀导游词
大家好,欢迎你们来北京的故宫玩!我姓周,你们就叫我小周吧!
我先给大家介绍故宫的大概情况。故宫位于北京市城中心,是明、清两代以来,保存最完整、规模最宏大的皇家宫殿。故宫也称紫禁城,1987年它还被列入为《世界遗产名录》呢!
诸位,这里就是故宫的正门,也叫午门。在10米高的城墙上耸立着五座崇楼,楼顶飞檐翅起,从上面看就像五只展翅欲飞的凤凰。也称五凤楼。
各位,现在我们已经进入故宫了。这是故宫的第一院落。我们眼前的是五座白玉石桥,他们象征五德:仁、义、礼、智、信,是皇帝集美好的品质为一身的意思。
各位朋友,现在我们来看太和殿。太和殿是整座紫禁城中内级别最高的宫殿。只有皇帝举行盛大的典礼时才使用的。太和殿当时叫奉天殿,后来又改为太和殿。
各位请看,这座四角攒尖顶的大殿叫交泰殿。在大殿后面匾额上有“无为”二字,那是康熙皇帝的御笔,意思是希望后代能够以德制国,施以仁政,为国家效力!
各位朋友,故宫的讲解到此结束,希望下次你们也能带着好朋友一起来细细游赏!
篇12:写故宫的导游词四年级
大家好!我是你们的导游小王,今天我要带领大家游玩美丽的大明湖。人都到齐了吗?好的,跟我来吧。
看,路边的柳树长着长长的辫子,辫子垂进湖中,大家看是否有几分与江南相似呢?
来吧,让我们坐上船去铁公祠吧。
好了,到了,大家下船吧!
铁公祠是为了纪念铁铉所建的,铁铉是明朝一个保卫济南的大英雄,几次打赢燕军,但是最后被俘,朱棣亲自审他,铁铉坐在地上,大骂朱棣叛逆。朱棣先后割下他的舌头、耳朵、鼻子,然后投入油锅,死时年仅37岁。后人称铁铉为“铁公”,为了纪念他,特意建了这座铁公祠。
我们再坐上船,去中心小岛吧!
下船了,游客们!
这岛上有“三古”,第一古是古树,这棵古树是一棵枯木逢春的柳树,它已经有170多年的历史了;第二古是古亭,古亭名为历下亭,它在唐朝的时候已经建立了;第三古是古诗,是唐朝大诗人“海右此亭古,济南名士多。”上半句写的就是历下亭。好了,游客们,大家请随意拍照,10分钟后请到小船那里集合,我在那里等着。
好了,三点了。我们该结束这次快乐的大明湖之游了,希望能再次为大家服务,再见!
篇13:故宫导游词英文带翻译
Everybody is good! Im the tour guide Zhao Hongjie, you must know the imperial palace in Beijing? Thats right! Beijing the imperial palace is famous in the world heritage, is the imperial palace during the Ming and qing dynasties, is the worlds largest and most complete existing ancient building group. Is known as the worlds top five palace. It is located in the centre of Beijing, the old city. Then let me take you to visit us...
From tiananmen square, through a piece of the blue brick flies in the floor of the square, then arrived at the main gate of the Forbidden City - the meridian gate. The Forbidden City has four door, front door of the meridian gate, east gate DongHuaMen, Simon xihua gate, north gate of creature. Meridian gate, commonly known as the five-phoenix towers across the meridian gate, and have wide big courtyard, in more than 30000 square meters of open courtyard, there are five delicate white marble Bridges to the gate. To the gate, into the palace of "the outer court," the palace of architecture on the basis of its layout and function is divided into "the outer court" and "imperial palace" two most. In the etheric and, neutralization, and three main halls as the center, is the place where emperors held at will, also known as the "power". Across the bridge through the gate is the grand hall of supreme harmony. The hall has a tortuous story, heard it burned with skyfire, three times also repaired three times, and even more amazing is the construction of the palace didnt a nail! Imperial palace to the palace of heavenly purity, tai temple, palace of earthly tranquility after three palace as the center, the two wings of yangxin temple, east, west sixth, and bypass the imperial palace, we finally arrived at the imperial garden, the garden planted full of plants. Along the way, will smell a burst of light fragrance. Is the feudal emperors and empresses live.
Into the Forbidden City, from tiananmen square, also can by the back door - creature door into the taihe palace, zhonghe palace and Baohe Palace, through the gate of heavenly purity, entered the imperial palace, imperial palace road, east and west road route. If it is a half day tour, the three routes can only swim a, can generally be walk road. Can see the palace of heavenly purity, walk road pay tai temple, palace of earthly tranquility, and the imperial concubines lived. In general, use a half-day tour of the Forbidden City, is more difficult, want to knowledge more widely, everybody admire to touring!
篇14:故宫英文导游词
Ladies and Gentlemen:
I am pleased to serve as your guide today。
This is the palace museum; also know as the Purple Forbidden City。 It is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence in China today。 Under Ming Emperor Yongle, construction began in 1406。 It took 14years to build the Forbidden City。 The first ruler who actually lived here was Ming Emperor Zhudi。 For five centuries thereafter, it continued to be the residence of23 successive emperors until 1911 when Qing Emperor Puyi was forced to abdicate the throne。 In 1987, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization recognized the Forbidden City was a world cultural legacy。
It is believed that the Palace Museum, or Zi Jin Cheng (Purple Forbidden City), got its name from astronomy folklore, The ancient astronomers divided the constellations into groups and centered them around the Ziwei Yuan (North Star) 。 The constellation containing the North Star was called the Constellation of Heavenly God and star itself was called the purple palace。 Because the emperor was supposedly the son of the heavenly gods, his central and dominant position would be further highlighted the use of the word purple in the name of his residence。 In folklore, the term “an eastern purple cloud is drifting” became a metaphor for auspicious events after a purple cloud was seen drifting eastward immediately before the arrival of an ancient philosopher, LaoZi, to the Hanghu Pass。 Here, purple is associated with auspicious developments。 The word jin (forbidden) is self-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-limits to ordinary people。
The red and yellow used on the palace walls and roofs are also symbolic。 Red represents happiness, good fortune and wealth。 Yellow is the color of the earth on the Loess Plateau, the original home of the Chinese people。 Yellow became an imperial color during the Tang dynasty, when only members of the royal family were allowed to wear it and use it in their architecture。
The Forbidden City is rectangular in shape。 It is 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meter wide from east west。 It has 9,900 rooms under a total roof area 150,000 square meters。 A 52-meter-wide-moat encircles a 9。 9-meter—high wall which encloses the complex。 Octagon —shaped turrets rest on the four corners of the wall。 There are four entrances into the city: the Meridian Gate to the south, the Shenwu Gate (Gate of Military Prowess) to the north, and the Xihua Gate (Gate of military Prowess) to the north, and the Xihua Gate (Western Flowery Gate ) to the west, the Donghua (Eastern Flowery Gate) to the east。
Manpower and materials throughout the country were used to build the Forbidden City。 A total of 230,000 artisans and one million laborers were employed。 Marble was quarried from fangshan Country Mount Pan in Jixian County in Hebei Province。 Granite was quarried in Quyang County in Hebei Province。 Paving blocks were fired in kilns in Suzhou in southern China。 Bricks and scarlet pigmentation used on the palatial walls came from linqing in Shandong Province。 Timber was cut, processed and hauled from the northwestern and southern regions。
篇15:日语故宫导游词
それでは、故宮博物院をご案内いたします。
天安門をくぐり、300メートル進むと、古い建築群があります。これこそ世界に有名な「故宮博物院」です。故宮は今まですでに600年近くの歴史があります。明代の永楽4年(1406年)に工事にかかり、14年間を費やして永楽18年(1420年)にできあがったのです。主な三大殿は初めのうち奉天殿(ほうてんでん)、華蓋殿(かがいでん)、謹身殿(きんしんでん)と名づけられましたが、清代の嘉靖11年(1562年)皇極殿(こうきょくでん)、中極殿(ちゅうきょくでん)と建極殿(けんきょくでん)と改名されました。
現在の太和(たいわ)、中和(ちゅうわ)、保和(ほうわ)という名は清代の順治年間(1645年)から使われてきたものです。600年に渡る長い歴史の中で故宮は地震や雷による災害などで、何度も破壊され、そのつど修復や立て直しが行われましたが、今もだいたい明代の風格をたもっています。14年の歳月と20万人の労働力によって1420年に完成して以来、最後の皇帝溥儀(ふぎ)まで、明と清の両時代の皇帝24人の居城となり、宮廷が置かれていて、紫禁城とも呼ばれています。紫(むらさき)というのは紫宮(しきゅう)ということですが、紫宮とは天の中央にある星で、天の神のいるところと昔の中国の人は思っていました(実は北極星を指しています)。それで皇帝が自分の宮殿に紫禁城(しきんじょう)と名づけたのも、皇帝は天の神のいるところに生きているという意味なのです。「禁」は一般の人が近寄ることを禁止する意味です。
紫禁城の敷地(しきち)面積は712ヘクタール、南北の奥行きは960メートル、東西の幅は750メートルで、周囲は高さ10メートルの城壁で囲まれています。城壁の外側には幅52メートルの堀があり、俗に「筒子河(トンズホ)」と呼ばれています。つまり筒(つつ)のように丸く一周する堀という意味です。建築面積は16.5万平方メートル、700あまりの建築物と約9000の部屋があります。これは柱と柱の間を1間(ひとま)と数えています。我が国では現在完全に保存されている最大の古い建築物です。
故宮は主に「前朝(ぜんちょう)」と「内廷(ないてい)」に分かれています。歴代の皇帝が儀式や祝典など対外的な政務を取り仕切ったところが前朝で、太和殿、中和殿、保和殿の三殿を中心とした公(おおやけ)の場です。「内廷」は乾清宮(けんせいきゅう)、交泰殿(こうたいでん)、坤寧宮(こんねいきゅう)及び御花園(ぎょかえん)を中心として両側に東西六宮などの宮殿が立ち並んでいます。皇帝と皇后、妃、王子(おうじ)たちの日常生活の場所でした。伝統劇の中での「三宮六院」(さんきゅうろくいん)という言葉はこの内廷に由来しています。
故宮で開放されている地域は5つの見学コースに分けられます。それは「中路見学コース」、「外東路見学コース」、「東路見学コース」、「内西路見学コース」、「外西路見学コース」です。
「中路見学コース」とは故宮の中軸線に沿って「午門」(ごもん)からずっと「神武門」(じんぶもん)までの見学コースで、有名な「前三殿(ぜんさんでん)」つまり、前の部分にある太和殿、中和殿、保和殿の3つ宮殿と、「後三宮(ごさんきゅう)」後ろの部分に位置する乾清宮、交泰宮、坤寧宮がこの見学コースにあります、いずれも当時の紫禁城の最も重要で、豊かな歴史文化の意義を持つ建築です、従ってこの「中路見学コース」は、今日の故宮見学の中でも主なコースとなっています。
「外東路見学コース」、「東路見学コース」、「西路見学コース」は故宮の中軸線の両側を歩くコースで、それぞれ「西六宮」、「東六宮」などが見学できます、これらの建物の中では、当時の妃、嬪(ひん)(妃よりも地位の低い宮女)らが生活しており、興味深い数多くの後宮(こうきゅう)物語がこれらの建物とともに広く伝えられています。
これから見学しながら少しずつご紹介します。まず一番重要な中路見学コースです。
篇16:简单湖南导游词
各位游客:
你们好,欢迎你们来到张家界旅游,我是你们的导游__。
尊敬的各位来宾、各位朋友:
大家好!
欢迎大家来宝峰湖风景区观光游览。我叫小X(根据自己的姓氏特点进行充分地发挥,力争在游客面前“一鸣惊人”,注重言简意赅),是宝峰湖风景区的专职讲解员,能和大家一起在宝峰湖度过一段愉快的旅游时光,我感到十分地荣幸,希望大家多多配合和支持我的工作。在此需要提醒大家的有三点:第一、宝峰湖是特级防火区,除了休息时的吸烟点,其他任何地方包括游船上都严禁吸烟,敬请为我国烟草事业做出重大贡献的烟民朋友们委屈一下;第二、路边的野花不要采,敬请各位朋友手下留情,不要随意攀枝摘花,拈花惹草哟;第三、游览途中,敬请您随时注意讲究景区内的环境卫生和保护好自身的人身安全。
宝峰湖风景区隶属于世界自然遗产——武陵源风景名胜区,是武陵源风景名胜区内唯一以水为主的观光游览区,以高峡平湖的特点著称于世,因背靠佛教胜地宝峰山而得名,总面积274公顷,由宝峰湖和鹰窝寨两大部分组成,湖光山色融为一体,人文山水交相辉映。我们今天的游览路线是先爬鹰窝寨,再去宝峰湖泛舟,大约需要三个半小时的时间。俗话说得好:倒吃甘蔗节节甜。我们今天就要先爬山,后游湖,先苦后甜啦。不过等我们爬上鹰窝寨顶,饱览南海石林绝景之后,所有的苦和累都会跑得无影无踪。
【奇峰飞瀑、飞流界峰】好啦,首先映入眼帘的第一个景点叫奇峰飞瀑,因其亮丽多姿、充满活力而被誉为我们宝峰湖的“眼睛”。这处景点是天然与人工的完美结合,原来就有一帘瀑布,只不过水量小而已,后经人工凿宽,就变得訇然作响、跌宕跳跃、气势恢宏了。瀑布下面的铁索桥以及周围的绿树翠竹是当年拍摄《西游记》的背景之一。1998年冬天,《西游记》后十五集摄制组在总导演杨洁的带领下,来到张家界各大景区拍摄《智取通天河》、《真假美猴王》等剧情外景,我们宝峰湖风景区的奇峰飞瀑就成了花果山、水帘洞最好的外景地。瀑布下面那个绿色的舞台是20_年11月18日第七届张家界国际森林保护节开幕式大型文艺演出留下来的,我们游湖结束以后不仅可以在这里欣赏原汁原味的歌舞表演,还可以在这里尽情地留影拍照。
在瀑布的右边,万仞绝壁之上有四个人工雕刻的红色大字:飞流界峰。这是1996年中国书法家协会主席沈鹏老先生来宝峰湖观光游览之后留下来的墨宝,也是奇峰飞瀑灵动活脱的生动写照。在这里,我给大家出一个小小的问题,让大家来猜一猜:这四个字是怎么刻上去的呀?(略为停顿一下)对,这位朋友说得对。当年四位技艺高明的石匠为了刻出这四个字花了整整一个月的时间,先从这座山峰的背面缓坡爬到峰顶,然后用吊篮顺石壁而下,在吊篮上辛苦作业,十分艰难。
【玉液潭】好啦!我们大家可以停下来,稍微休息一下。请大家转过身来,在我们的前方,有一个垭口,这就是宝峰湖的泄洪口。每到洪水季节,我们宝峰湖湖面的水位超过438米以后,湖水就会从这个泄洪口倾泻而下,响声巨大,气势非常壮观。等到洪水过后,泄洪口下面的这个水潭波平如镜,好似盛满了一潭琼浆玉液,所以我们叫它玉液潭。(这个景点是不爬鹰窝寨直接上湖时讲解的)
【一线天】我们现在就要爬鹰窝寨了。顾名思义,鹰窝寨的意思是指只有雄健的老鹰才能在上面筑窝的地方,喻其艰险陡峭。但早在1994年,我们公司就修建了这种国家标准游道,我们今天一上一下只需一个半小时就可以圆满完成任务啦。呈现在我们面前的这条幽长幽长的峡谷,我们称它为“一线天”。你看左边的石峰向右倾斜挤压,而右边的后仰,似乎在不断地退让,两峰中间的天空宛若一根又细又长的丝线。“一线天”的长度、窄度和深度在全国所有景区中都堪称佼佼者。(刚进入一线天时)请大家稍停一下,抬头看一看我们的正上方,一块巨大的石头卡在两峰之间,欲掉末掉,我们称它为“试心石”。据说这是上天赐予一线天,专门检验热恋中的男女而设的。如果两个人的感情不纯真,从试心石下经过的时候它就会掉下来;如果两个人的感情坚贞不渝,手牵手地从试心石下经过的时候它会岿然不动。好啦,我们团队中有没有正处在热恋中的一对,赶快手挽手往上走,检验一下,感情牢固率到底有多少。朋友们,往上爬呀!
【路途中】(轻松、自然、随意性地聊起土匪的故事,以减轻游客爬山的疲劳)大家也许都看过电视连续剧《乌龙山剿匪记》和电影《湘西剿匪记》,对湘西的土匪有所了解。实际上,海拔720米的鹰窝寨在解放前就是一个方圆八百里内有名的土匪窝,所以电视连续剧《乌龙山剿匪记》和电影《湘西剿匪记》都将我们鹰窝寨作为最好的外景地而来此拍摄,镜头里面的“一线天”和我们现在所处的当年的拍摄现场有什么不同吗?大家仔细想一想。(略为停顿)20_年夏天,由申军谊、张丰毅等演艺界明星组成的梦舟明星篮球队来到了我们宝峰湖,“钻山豹”申军谊故地重游,别有一番滋味在心头。国内外有这样一种说法:关东的响马、河北的鞑子、湘西的土匪,并称为中国的三大匪患,其中尤以湘西的土匪骁勇剽悍、杀人不眨眼而著称。解放前,湘西的土匪特别猖獗,杀人放火,无恶不作,这实际上是当时历史条件下的产物,是官逼民反的结果。人们似乎都有这么一个观点:只要一提到“土匪”两个字,马上就会同“恶魔”、“妖怪”等字眼联系在一起。说真心话,如果有吃有穿,不愁钱不愁粮,谁愿意去当土匪。你看现在湘西各地都勤劳致富奔小康,会产生土匪吗?“土匪”这个词是万恶的旧社会给我们湘西人民背的黑锅!
虽然解放前,我们湘西的土匪犯下了滔天罪行,但他们都称得上是热血男儿,只要有改过从新的机会,他们一定都能够树立新功。大家都知道,我们国家是1949年解放的,然而我们张家界直到1952年才解放,这三年干啥去了呢?剿匪!整整三年,几乎牺牲了刘邓大军47军一个军的人马,才基本肃清了湘西各地的土匪。罪大恶极的土匪头子就地镇压,以泄当地民众心头之愤;罪行轻的就陆陆续续往朝鲜战场遣送。在“雄纠纠,气昂昂,跨过鸭绿江”的志愿军中就有4万人是我们湘西的土匪兄弟。著名电影《英雄儿女》里面的主人翁王成的原型就是我们张家界的宋海桥和宋德清;在整个朝鲜战场歼敌最多、获得勋章最多的志愿军战士便是我们张家界的神枪手金珍彪,共歼敌165人。著名电影《上甘岭》相信大家都看过吧,上甘岭被炸成一片焦土的场景大家一定历历在目。我乡下老家村子里的老村长便参加过上甘岭战役,一级甲等残废军人,也是土匪出身。他不能看《上甘岭》这部电影,一看就要喝酒骂娘,心里一点也不痛快。因为为了守住上甘岭这块阵地,志愿军动用了四个师的兵力,几乎全军覆没,其中80%都是湘西的土匪改编而成的。我们老村长是为数不多的幸存者之一,而那么多兄弟都光荣地牺牲了,睹物思人,他的心情肯定非常难过。(中途必须加唱山歌,以解除游客爬山的疲劳)
【新旧游道分叉处】大家一路辛苦了!爬过山路十八弯,我们来到了鹰窝寨游览线的新旧游道分叉处。在这里,我们将进行精彩的二选一活动。选择之前,我给大家先解释一下新旧游道。左边的是旧游道,直接通往鹰窝寨的山顶,沿途可以欣赏到当年的土匪遗留下来的遗迹,还可以感受一下当寨主的滋味。而右边的游道哩,顺着这条峡谷就可以前往我们景区1999年才顺着山势开发出来的绝壁栈道。站在绝壁栈道上,可以欣赏到百丈峡和南海石林的秀美景色。(路途中,可以向游客介绍景区内游道两旁生长的蕨类植物和杜鹃花)
【绝壁栈道】功夫不负有心人,我们终于爬上来啦。现在我们所在的位置叫绝壁栈道,竣工于1999年,全长700余米,耗资200多万元。只见脚下是百丈深谷,上不见峰顶,下不见谷底,绝壁之上开凿出来的空中栈道让你惊心动魄。站在这里可以体验惊险、刺激的感觉,也可以将百丈峡的美丽景色尽收眼底,还可以远眺天子山和鹞子寨。
【情人幽会】站在这个位置望过去,远方起伏的山峦中间,有两座山峰相对而立,恰似一对情人正在窃窃私语,左边为男,右边为女,模样惟妙惟肖,生动形象。再仔细瞧一瞧,你会发现男的很胖,女的还好像扎着马尾辫。你看他们含情脉脉,难舍难分的样子,真叫人感动。不过,他们这一场幽会的时间可真够长的,至少有几百万年了。连续几百万年地、津津有味地说着情话,我们团队中有人做得到吗?
【猴园】我们现在所处的位置叫猴园,关在笼子里的是猴王和王妃们,自然放养在山上的是猴子猴孙们,只要我们驯猴人邓老伯打一声招呼,山上的猴子就会跑下来抢东西吃。大家可以到旁边的小卖部给可爱的猴子们买份见面礼,猴哥、猴姐会特别高兴的,然后您就可以尽情地与猴共舞,但是你在给它们丢喂食物的时候可千万别戏弄它们哟,这些猴哥、猴姐们跟人一样,有仇必报,有恨必泄的哟。不过,你对它有礼貌,它照样以礼待人,会同你交朋友、友好相处的。(着重强调嬉猴时的人身安全)
【幸福桥】这座幸福桥是通往高峡平湖的必经之道,过了这座桥,你就会婚姻美满、家庭幸福。我提议团队中成双成对的赶快拉起手一起走过幸福桥,单身的也没关系,自己的左手握自己的右手,幸福的感觉你有没有?注意啦,过桥的时候可千万别回头哟,否则幸福就会打八折。(笑)
【好汉坡、鹰嘴峰、躲官垭】我们现在所爬的这个坡共有168个台阶,直接通往宝峰湖上船码头,被称之为“好汉坡”,喻意爬上这个坡之后不仅会成为一个英雄好汉,而且还会出“好大一身汗”。好啦,各位朋友,我们缓步来到这里以后,转过头去,对面有一座石峰突出了尖尖的一大块石头,好像一只老鹰的尖嘴伸出来一样,我们叫它“鹰嘴峰”。我们的面前有一个小山垭,叫“躲官垭”,相传宋朝有一位姓张的官员厌倦了官场的尔虞我诈、明争暗斗,跑到张家界躲了起来,过起了隐居田园的舒适生活,这就是他当年前来隐居的必经之地。
【上船事项】我们面前的这一泓碧水就是闻名遐迩、素有“人间瑶池”之称的宝峰湖,现在目力所及的地方不足整体的六分之一。等会儿,我们将从这个清凉亭码头上船,绕湖一周,大约需要30多分钟的时间,最后从对面褐红色的忘归码头下船,所以提醒大家注意:需要方便的朋友赶快到左边的卫生间去,需要抽烟的朋友赶快到右边的亭子里过足烟瘾。(游客上船时,立于船头,必要时扶一把,并再次提醒游客注意安全和讲究卫生。)
【上船后概况介绍】 俗话说:山有多高,水就有多深。宝峰湖这个高峡平湖位于海拔为438米、相对高度为85米的半山腰上,湖长2.5公里,平均水深72米,由雨水、山泉水、地下水汇集而成,主要功能有防洪、灌溉、旅游和发电,并且因水质特别好,所以还是武陵源的部分饮用水源,希望大家以实际行动保护湖水的清洁卫生。著名诗人汪曾祺来宝峰湖观光游览后留下了这样的诗句:一鉴深藏锁翠微,移来三峡四周围;游船驶入青山影,惊起鸳鸯对对飞。我们今天就按照这首诗中的美好意境开始我们的湖上之旅吧。
【女山歌船】我们游船的右前方有一艘小花船,只要掌声热烈,就能请出土家阿妹为你演唱原汁原味的山歌。(歌毕)大家觉得唱得怎么样?你想不想露一手,同我们土家阿妹对歌,以歌达意,用歌传情呀?如果哪一位能对上三首,你就得多准备一张返程飞机票哟;如果对不上,你可得留下来,为我们的阿妹做三年苦工、砍三年柴、倒三年洗脚水哟。在这里,我告诉大家一个小秘密:我们土家阿妹特别喜欢戴眼镜的阿哥哟。因为自古以来我们这里都属于蛮荒之地,经济落后,文化匮乏,所以特别羡慕有文化的人。在张家界,谁的眼镜镜片厚,就表示谁的文化高,土家阿妹就会打心眼地喜欢谁。
【石门迎宾】我们游船的正前方有两座石峰相对而出,形成一座石门,正在欢迎大家的到来,我们叫它“石门迎宾”。它是宝峰湖的最窄处,宽仅15米,同时也是宝峰湖湖水的最深处,深119.5米。(再次提醒游客注意个人人身安全)。
【孔雀开屏】过了石门迎宾,大家是不是有了豁然开朗的感觉?俗话说:大千世界,无奇不有。大家在动物园里面都看过孔雀开屏,但你看过石孔雀开屏吗?在我们游船的左前方,有一堵白绿相间的石壁,石壁的右上方有一座突出来的石峰,恰似一只孔雀的头部正回转过来用尖嘴梳理羽毛,而左边的石壁是它张开的巨大尾屏。(此处可以提前设置悬念)。
【金蟾含月】不知不觉,我们的游船已经到了宝峰湖的湖尾。在我们的正前方有两座呈“V”字型叠在一起的山峰,像一只朝天张开嘴的蟾蜍,蟾蜍的俗称叫癞蛤蟆,俗话说:癞蛤蟆想吃天鹅肉。大家猜一猜,我们面前的这只蟾蜍到底想吃什么呀?(停顿,等待回答)不对,蟾蜍现在想换一换口味,想吃月亮里的嫦娥姐姐,大家没想到吧?每年的八月十五,洁白晶莹的月亮刚好落在蟾蜍的嘴中,璀璨夺目,形成了一道绝世奇观——金蟾含月。著名诗人邵燕祥当年被宝峰湖的美景所迷之后有诗赞曰:峻峡深藏酒一瓯,藏醒藏醉不藏愁。山于绝处活芳草,水到穷时横小舟。爱此风光高档次,唐情宋思暂勾留。我们的游船马上就要掉转船头了,需要留影的朋友请马上拍照,不过,一定要注意安全哦。
【笑面佛】俗话说:旅途多危,有佛则安。我们今天游览宝峰湖,就有一位“开口便笑,笑天下可笑之人;大肚能容,容天下难容之事”的“笑面佛”在默默地庇佑我们一路平安。请大家朝我们的正前方看过去,矗立在那里的石峰像不像一位巨大的弥勒佛盘腿打坐,并且在开怀大笑哩,我们叫它“笑面佛”。再仔细看一看,“笑面佛”还有一个好看的肚脐眼。
【男生歌船】好啦,各位朋友,我们欣赏完少数民族舞蹈表演以后,就该是我们船上的女同胞一展歌喉的时候了,因为在我们前进方向拐弯的地方有一艘乌篷小木船,船上有一位土家阿哥,只要女同胞的歌声唱过去,热情但又腼腆的土家阿哥就会跑到船头,为您一首接一首地唱土家山歌,但游戏规则是您唱一首他唱一首,民族歌曲和流行歌曲随便您唱,什么都行,只要唱出特色和味道就OK。
【神游峰】在我们前进方向的左边有一座巨大的石峰,高高耸立,我们叫它“神游峰”,意思是说只可神游,而不能登临。神游峰的中部有一条斜伸下来的羊肠小道,我们叫它“神游道”,是当年仙女们来宝峰湖沐浴的必经之路。
【半脸八戒】当年《西游记》摄制组拍完电视剧以后,有一位帅哥留了下来,呆在宝峰湖不走,这就是我们宝峰湖的旷世美男——猪八戒。游船的左边突出来的那块岩石是猪嘴,特别形象生动的是耷拉着的耳朵,还有眨巴眨巴的眼睛,而且猪八戒非常赶时髦,戴了一顶提倡环保的绿颜色的帽子。游船过来以后回头再看,怎么猪八戒少了半边脸?原来他经常偷看宝峰湖的仙女沐浴,有一次被赶来的高小姐也就是他的老婆一耳光打掉了半边脸。不过这半边脸还留在左边的石壁上,大家找找看,找到了,你就有了今天晚餐的下酒菜,地地道道的正宗土家菜——红烧猪头肉(此处可以提前设置悬念)。
【回音壁】在我们前进方向的右边,有一堵弧形的石壁,回音效果特别好,我们叫它“回音壁”,我们大家一起来试一试,好吗?来,干脆利落地喊一声“好”,准备,开始:好!
【娃娃鱼岩】我们宝峰湖不仅生活着湖南省的四大家鱼——青鱼、草鱼、鲢鱼、鳙鱼,还有国家二级保护动物娃娃鱼。娃娃鱼的学名叫大鲵,喜欢在阴暗、潮湿的地方生活,因其叫声酷似婴儿的哭声,故名“娃娃鱼”;其肤色极像被熏黑的土家腊肉,所以又名“腊狗”。宝峰湖的娃娃鱼很有灵性,每当游船来了以后,它们都会往船边跑,如果大家不信的话可以把头伸出去看看,看船边有没有娃娃鱼,我可以向大家保证,那条娃娃鱼绝对有鼻子有眼睛(笑,同时学会察言观色,不能随便开玩笑)。好啦,同大家开一个小小的玩笑,真正的娃娃鱼在右边。从游船上望过去,湖岸边的那块石头像不像一只巨大的娃娃鱼,圆乎乎的脑袋,细细的牙齿,平滑的皮肤,这就是我们宝峰湖的娃娃鱼岩(从正面看,可以讲解成鳄鱼)。
【金龟出水、情人桥】我们面前有三座小岛,中间那座岛最小,看上去像一只乌龟刚刚浮出水面,我们叫它“金龟出水”。请大家抬起头来,在我们的远方,两座相对峙的石峰之间有一座石拱桥,这是我们宝峰湖的情人桥。每到土家族的情人节那天,成群结队的青年男女会在桥的两端互唱山歌,私定终身。在这里,我请教大家三个问题:第一、西方的情人节是哪天?第二、中国传统的情人节是哪天?(停顿)噢,你真厉害,全部都答对了,简直是爱情专家哟!第三个问题是有奖问答,如果谁答对了绝对有奖:土家族的情人节是哪天?(停顿)对,是农历三月初三,现在马上为爱情专家颁发奖品。
【仙女照镜】奖品就在这里:一位美女。在我们前进方向的右边有一根亭亭玉立、婀娜多姿的石峰,请大家从湖面2米处往上看,那块扁平的部分多么像一位美女脸部的左侧像,紧紧抿着的樱桃小嘴,高高挺起的鼻梁,微微闭着的眼睛,似乎正对着湖水这面偌大的镜子在梳妆打扮,而头上的那部分便是她高高盘起的发髻。俗话说:大眼勾魂,小眼迷人。这么漂亮的姑娘,肯定谁都喜欢。仙女的对面就蹲着一只青蛙王子,为仙女已守候了上万年,好不容易才向仙女说了一句话以表达他的爱慕之意,这句话是一首歌的歌名,叫:“虽然我很丑,但是我很温柔!”然而仙女并不领情,回赠了一句话也是一首歌的歌名,叫:“你的柔情我永远不懂。”青蛙王子听了以后便在岸边伤心地哭啊哭,不停地哭,我们宝峰湖的湖水之所以这么多,可全是青蛙王子的情人泪喔。
【鸳鸯岛、留客松】好啦,我们现在转到这三座岛的另一面来啦,这三座岛叫鸳鸯岛,因为我们宝峰湖四季恒温,湖水冬天不结冰,所以是候鸟鸳鸯最好的越冬栖息地。每年农历十月,湖面上都有成群结队的鸳鸯嬉戏游玩,晚上就回到鸳鸯岛来过夜。大家都知道,黄山有一个著名景点叫迎客松,而我们宝峰湖中间小岛上这棵松树我们叫它“留客松”,也就是说到了这里,我们宝峰湖的湖上之旅即将结束了,连松树都想把大家留下来,大家高兴不高兴?
【忘归码头下船】仁者乐山,智者乐水。好啦,各位来宾,各位朋友,请大家清点好自己的随身物品,一定要注意安全,等船停稳以后再下船。在这里我为大家唱一首宝峰湖的湖歌——《哥哥来看妹》,欢迎大家再来宝峰湖并预祝大家后面的旅途一路顺风(唱):如果你要来看妹,请你要到宝峰湖,宝峰湖的妹妹多,个个都会唱山歌。如果你要来看妹,请你不要坐车来,车上的人太多,担心哥哥被吓着。如果你要来看妹,请你不要走路来,路上的蛇儿多,担心哥哥被咬着。如果你要来看妹,请你不要坐船来,船头的风浪大,担心哥哥掉下河。如果你要来看妹,请你不要坐飞机来,飞机上的空姐多,担心哥哥被迷惑。如果你要来看妹,请你从梦中(网上)来,梦中(网上)只有你和我,我俩悄悄把话儿说。(游客下船时,立于船头,必要时扶一把,并再一次提醒游客注意安全。)
【山月亭、青云梯】从湖上下来以后,我们经过的这个亭子叫山月亭,是以著名国画大师关山月的名讳来命名的,又因其建在悬崖峭壁之上,恰似一轮弯月而得名。这左转右拐、建在万仞绝壁之上的游道名叫青云梯,共有331级,著名诗人屈正中曾有诗曰:石磴凌空起,游人如蚁行。其惊险程度可见一斑,所以请大家千万注意安全,既要注意脚下的台阶,又要防止“中头奖”。
【电站、湘西藏秀、飞泉穿石】我们现在所处的位置就是宝峰湖的湖底,面前的这栋房子是利用湖水发电的发电站,两台机组的发电量共为325千瓦,一台200千瓦,另一台为125千瓦。当年为了解决景区外围村子里的照明问题,修建了这个小型电站,多年后这处高峡平湖却成了旅游胜地,发电的功能己很小了,真叫人无法想象。山月亭的下方凹进去的石壁之中,刻有四个大字:“湘西藏秀。”这是著名的园林建筑学家陈从周老先生留下的墨宝。“湘西藏秀”四个字中,重在一个“藏”字,也就是说我们宝峰湖的秀美景色是藏着的,是有“山重水复疑无路,柳暗花明又一村”的美妙氛围的。回过头来,我们面前一块巨大的石头上喷射出一簇美丽的水花,我们叫它“飞泉穿石”,也是人工与自然的最佳结合。
宝峰湖是自然与人工共同创作完成的风景艺术绝作。上世纪七十年代,当地村民筑坝发电,无意间造就了一个风景秀丽的湖泊,因湖背依宝峰山,故此得名。八十年代中期,宝峰湖作为自然公园推向旅游市场;九十年代,该公园由马来西亚保利实业发展有限公司租赁经营,开创了张家界市旅游资源商业化管理模式的先例。公园由宝峰湖和鹰窝寨两大块组成,包括动态水景区、水上游乐区、民俗风情园、动物神趣区、保利度假村、保利娱乐中心和奇异登山线等七大项目。尤以宝峰湖、宝峰飞瀑、鹰窝寨、一线天四大景观最为叫绝,被称为武陵源“四绝”。
“宝峰飞瀑”看,一进大门,飞流直下的瀑布就占据了我们的视野,可谓先声夺人。1998年金秋时节,香港特首董建华在北京向国务院述职后,携夫人董赵洪娉考察张家界,并兴致勃勃的游览了宝峰湖,俩口子就坐在这个位置合影留念,留下了对宝峰湖的一片深情......
(山月亭)宝峰湖云梯,依绝壁而建,堪称武陵源最为惊险栈道。1998年5月,著名国画大师关山月先生不顾八十八岁高龄,一步步登上云梯,不禁为宝峰湖的山光水色所陶醉。在云梯半山亭小憩时,陪同游览的著名画家钟增亚见小亭无名,遂提议取名“山月亭”,立即得到同行者的赞同。遗憾的是,关山月先生已经不幸辞世,但山月亭却永远记住了这位伟大的人民艺术家......
(宝峰湖)云梯直上最高层,忽见粼粼碧水深。果然高峡出平湖,人间瑶池此处寻。宝峰湖水深72米,湖长约2华里,水阔处达150余米,狭窄处公10余米,蓄水量为400多万立方米。您脚下的这座水坝坝址,在我国水坝选址筑湖史上,堪称奇迹:坝高80米,最宽处12米,最窄处仅3米。这座风光秀丽的山湖始建于1974年,1979年建成,主要用于山区小水电和农田灌溉。利用它做旅游风景资源,则是从1984年才开始的。随着武陵源区旅游事业的蓬勃发展,这座美丽的山湖越来越为中外游客所钟爱。
湖水四周,奇峰环抱,佳木葱笼,叠翠堆绿的小岛,像颗颗绿色的宝珠,给山湖更添了几分神秀姿韵。有人写诗赞道:“一鉴深藏锁翠微,移来三峡四周围。游船驰入青山里,惊起鸳鸯对对飞。”这是对宝峰湖风光生动的写照。
(神女照镜)宝峰湖,既具有山水辉映动静互衬的整体形象美,又因湖中多奇峰怪石,且具有景物的个体姿态美。那座独立湖边,默默伫立的湖中石峰,叫做“神女照镜”,您看她亭亭玉立,身姿窈窕,正低头陶醉在湖水中自己美好的倩影。如果您看得仔细,便会发现,这位神女的“头”上戴有一顶人间罕见的宝冠,这顶宝冠上,“金钗玉簪”参差抖散,枝繁叶茂,这顶宝冠其实是一丛杜鹃花,人们真不敢相信,在这样光秃秃的石峰上,周围连一棵草也看不到,而单单长有一丛杜鹃。每当春天到来,这石峰上的杜鹃花开,便会招来千百只蝴蝶围着这丛杜鹃花翩翩起飞,而这峰、花、蝶的影子又一同落进如镜的湖中,形成迷人的奇观。
(鳄鱼岩)这座横伸于水面的石头叫做“鳄鱼岩”,据传它是观音娘娘专门派来保护“神女”的,如果有人对神女起歹心,或者想盗走神女头上的“宝冠”,就定会被这条正张开大嘴的鳄鱼吃掉。鳄鱼岩对面是神游峰,此峰出湖面高约百米,如钢刀直插云霄,给人以奇雄险峻的凌厉感和超凡拔俗的清高感,此峰只可神游,无法攀援。
(金龟出水)大家看这只“金龟”,静卧湖中心,当游船徐徐驶近,激起湖涟漪时,金龟便顿然活了起来,似向您翩翩游来。它在欢迎远方的客人到宝峰湖作客哩!
(湖中对歌)请大家注意听,这是土家阿哥阿妹在对歌。土家人能歌善舞,凡土家寨必是山歌之乡。土民上山劳动、打猎、赶集或红白喜事,都要对山歌。特别是一些男女青年谈恋爱,不请红娘大媒,就以情歌牵线。通过对歌,试探对方的文化、口才、人品及表达各自的心思。山歌是诗的艺术,又是音乐韵律艺术,结构上讲究“比”、“兴”,要押韵;一般是对唱,也有即兴而唱的,如:
砍柴莫砍桐子柴,桐子打油划得来。
灯盏挂在板壁上,郎磨沙刀姐做鞋。
(鸬鹚捕鱼)大家看,那是鸬鹚在捕鱼。从前,武陵源人以打猎捕鱼为生。渔夫养一、二只鸬鹚,就等于开了半坡荒地。鸬鹚是鱼的天敌。鸬鹚见鱼就拼命追杀,是小鱼,就一口吞了,可惜渔夫在它们的脖子上扎了个小圈儿,鱼儿咽不下,卡在喉管里,只好上船吐出来;若遇到大鱼,就先啄眼睛,让它失去反抗力,再勾住腮壳,把它拖出水面。
训练有素的鸬鹚对主人十分尽忠。有一次,那两只鸬鹚突然失踪了,渔夫四处寻找不见踪影。这样过了三天,渔夫都绝望了。第四天早晨,渔夫又伤心地来到湖边呼唤着他的鸬鹚,他仿佛听到一声鸬鹚的回音,急忙跑到沙滩边,一幕悲壮的情景把他惊呆了:只见一条3米多长的大鱼浑身鳞伤,死在岸边;两只鸬鹚羽毛被拔得七零八落,遍身伤痕,奄奄一息倒在大鱼两侧。渔夫明白了:原来两只鸬鹚与大鱼搏斗了三天三夜!
渔夫哭了,把受伤的鸬鹚抱回家精心治疗。那条大鱼呢,大家猜有多重?
(躲官垭)这儿叫“躲官垭”。紧夹这垭的南北两座山峰,南面的叫做“躲官寨”,北面的叫做“贬官寨”。据当地人流传,在明崇祯年间,有一位姓张的朝中大臣,对昏庸腐朽的崇祯皇帝失去了信心,对你争我夺,相互倾轧的皇亲国戚、文武官员的丑恶行径深恶痛绝。借一次来永定任巡抚的机会,来到武陵源。他见此地风光奇秀,民风淳朴,联想到朝廷腐朽,官场恶浊,遂起隐居避世之心,当即解散随行人员,不愿回归。同行官兵中有人回到京城,禀告皇上,皇帝大怒,派一位官人前来捉拿回京定罪。一位采药老人,连夜把张隐士藏在这座山峰的洞穴中。每隔一段时间,就为张隐士送米送菜。那位前来捉拿的官人,四处打听,杳无音讯,只好空手回京交差。皇帝闻奏大怒,将他削职,赐金返乡。谁知这位官人,自觉无颜返乡,也动隐居之心,来到此地,又为那位采药人知道,便把他送到张隐士对面峰上的洞穴中隐居。从此,当地人就把这两座山峰叫做“躲官寨”和“贬官寨”。据当地人说,曾有人在“贬官寨”的石壁上发现用柴炭写的几句偈语:“躲官贬官,一身清闲;天地悠悠,自自然然。”
(鹰窝寨)武陵源本来是一块人间乐土,到了清末民国时期,天下大乱,一些农民逼良为匪;山外一些土匪为避官府清剿,纷纷隐匿到武陵源孤峰深岭之中,占山为王。关于匪患,是一个客观存在的社会问题,那些年月,中国无处不匪。美国的西部土匪史,现在成了闻名世界的旅游资源。
算起来,武陵源境内共筑了大小二十余座寨子,最有名的有黄石寨、腰子寨、鹰窝寨、乌龙寨、羊寨、青岩寨、粟谷寨、扁桶寨、保月寨、杨家寨等。
鹰窝寨海拔680.9米,最高峰720米,垂直高度300余米。上寨下寨,就这一条独路,百分之百的天险。这就是鹰窝寨,建于时代初,早年香火很旺,据说应验如神。大家看,这里四面绝壁如城,只有一条狭缝可借出入,民间取名鹰窝,正是极好的写照。清末民国时这里被土匪盘踞,于是成了官府与土匪之间争夺这座天险雄关的战场,当地百姓深受官匪祸害之苦,便编了不少打油诗。其中有一首:
连年匪害实堪悲,大小人儿总受欺。
五日未烧灶膛火,十家常有九家啼。
更有一般愁目处,地无青草树无皮。
斗米好买八岁儿,典妻难换三升米。
(一线天)刚才大家领略了鹰窝寨天险的风采,现在,我们已置身“一线天”。“一线天”全长200余米,峡高约100米,平均宽度不到4米,如此幽深狭窄的峡谷,实在罕见。此时此刻,当您听到这峡谷之中叮咚流淌的山泉,看到石壁上点缀的绿树、山花、小草,那该是多么恬适愉悦的情感啊。古人认为登高望远可以使人心胸开阔,入峡寻幽则可以使人宁静沉思。所以,清代大学问家魏源认为旅游除游山之外,还要注意游峡谷。他说:“世人游山不旅谷,何异升堂遗奥曲。奥曲全在两山间,登高一览何由足。”
(听瀑楼)朋友们,宝峰湖游结束了,大家一路辛苦了。现在,我提议到“听瀑楼”歇歇脚,洗洗汗,听听音乐,养好精神再赶路。你们看这民族式建筑,背依砂岩石峰,面朝宝峰飞瀑,登斯楼也,品土家之香茶,听瀑布之涛声,此情此景,怎不令人感叹人与自然倾心交谈的空灵境界?
篇17:沈阳故宫优质导游词
大家好,我是你们今天的导游,很高兴今天能和你一起度过,下面由我来给大家讲讲沈阳故宫吧:
沈阳故宫是我国仅存的两大宫殿建筑群之一,沈阳故宫占地面积六万多平方米,有古建筑114座,500多间,至今保存完好,是一处包含着丰富历史文化的古代遗址。在宫廷遗址上建立的沈阳故宫博物院是著名的古代宫廷艺术博物馆,藏品中包含十分丰富的宫廷艺术品。
1961年,国务院将沈阳故宫确定为国家第一批全国重点文物保护单位;20__年7月1日,在中国苏州召开的第28届世界遗产委员会会议批准沈阳故宫作为明清皇宫文化遗产扩展项目列入《世界文化遗产名录》。
大政殿
大政殿是一座八角重檐亭式建筑,俗称 八角殿。始建于1625年,是 清太祖努尔哈赤营建的重要宫殿,是盛京皇宫内最庄严最神圣的地方。初称大衙门,1636定名笃恭殿,后改大政殿。八角重檐攒尖式,八面出廊,其下为须弥座台基。殿顶满铺黄琉璃瓦,镶绿剪边,正中相轮火焰珠顶,宝顶周围有八条铁链各与力士相连。殿前两明柱各有金龙盘柱,殿内为梵文天花和降龙藻井。殿内设有宝座、屏风及熏炉、香亭、鹤式烛台等。大政殿用于举行大典,如皇帝即位,颁布诏书,宣布军队出征,迎接将士凯旋等。此殿为清太宗皇太极举行重大典礼及重要政治活动的场所。
1644年(顺治元年)皇帝福临在此登基继位。
十王亭
十王亭位于大政殿两侧八字形依次排列,是满族八旗制度在宫殿建筑的反映,此建筑布局为中国古代宫廷建筑史所仅见。
其东侧五亭由北往南依次为 左翼王亭、 镶黄旗亭、 正白旗亭、 镶白旗亭、 正蓝旗亭;
西侧五亭依次为右翼王亭、 正黄旗亭、 正红旗亭、 镶红旗亭、 镶蓝旗亭。
是清初八旗各主旗 贝勒、大臣议政及处理政务之处。这种君臣合署在宫殿办事的现象,历史上少见。从建筑上看,大政殿也是一个亭子,不过它的体量较大,装饰比较华丽,因此称为宫殿。大政殿和成八字形排开的10座亭子,其建筑格局乃脱胎于少数民族的帐殿。这11座亭子,就是11座帐篷的化身。帐篷是可以流动迁移的,而亭子就固定起来了,显示了满族文化发展的一个里程。
大清门
大清门是盛京皇宫(今沈阳故宫博物院)的 正门,俗称午门,它是一座面阔五间的硬山式建筑,房顶满铺琉璃瓦,饰以绿剪边,尤其是大清门山墙的最上端,南北突出的四个墀头,三面皆用五彩琉璃镶嵌而成,纹饰为凸出的海水云龙及象征吉祥的各种动物,做工精巧,栩栩如生。此门庄严富丽,与整个宫殿建筑混成一体,显得十分协调。
大清门建于天聪六年(1632年)之前,为盛京皇宫中皇太极续修的早期建筑之一。原称大门、正门。1636年定宫殿名时称大门为大清门。大清门的满文译音为“代青杜卡”(代青即大清,杜卡为门)。
崇政殿
崇政殿在中路前院正中,俗称“ 金銮殿”,是沈阳故宫最重要的 建筑。整座大殿全是木结构,面阔五间进深三间。前后出廊硬山式,辟有隔扇门,前后出廊,围以石雕的栏杆。殿顶铺黄琉璃瓦,镶绿剪边,正脊饰五彩琉璃龙纹及火焰珠。殿身的廊柱是方形的,望柱下有吐水的螭首,顶盖黄琉璃瓦镶绿 剪边;殿前月台两角,东立日晷,西设 嘉量;殿内“彻上明造”绘以彩饰。内陈宝座、屏风;两侧有熏炉、香亭、烛台一堂;殿柱
是圆形的,两柱间用一条雕刻的整龙连接,龙头探出檐外,龙尾直入殿中,实用与装饰完美地结合为一体,增加了殿宇的帝王气魄。此殿为清太宗皇太极陛见臣下,宴请外国使臣以及处理大政的常朝之处。公元1636年,后金改国号为 大清的大典就在此举行。“东巡”诸帝于此举行“展谒山陵礼成”等庆贺典礼。
凤凰楼
崇政殿北首的 凤凰楼,建造在4米高的青砖台基上,有三层,三滴水歇山式围廊,顶铺黄琉璃瓦,镶绿剪边。此楼为盛京最高建筑,故有《盛京八景》之一“凤楼晓日”、“凤楼观塔”等传称。凤凰楼上藏有乾隆御笔亲题的“ 紫气东来”匾。
清宁宫
清宁宫为五开间前后廊 硬山式。是 清太宗 皇太极和皇后博尔济吉特氏居住的“中宫”。
室门开于东次间,屋内西侧形成“筒子房”格局,东梢间为帝后寝宫。宽大的支摘窗式样朴素,棂条皆以“码三箭”式相交,宫门亦不用隔扇式。正对宫门竖立祭天的“索伦竿”,此均为源自满族民间的传统风格。殿顶铺黄琉璃瓦镶缘剪边,前后皆方形檐柱,柱头饰兽面,檀枋施彩绘等,则是吸收汉、藏民族建筑艺术。
文溯阁
文溯阁建于1782年(乾隆四十七年)。专为存放《文溯阁四库全书》而建,
另有《 古今图书集成》亦存于阁内。是沈阳故宫西路的主体建筑,建筑形式仿照浙江宁波的天一阁,面阔六间,二楼三层重檐硬山式,前后出廊,上边盖黑色琉璃瓦加绿剪边,前后廊檐柱都装饰有绿色的地仗。所有的门、窗、柱都漆成绿色,外檐彩画也以蓝、绿、白相间的冷色调为主,这与其它宫殿红金为主的外檐彩饰迥然不同。其彩绘画题材也不用宫殿中常见的行龙飞凤,而是以“白马献书”、“翰墨卷册”等与藏书楼功用相谐的图案,给人以古雅清新之感。采用黑色琉璃瓦为顶,主要是为了使整座建筑外观风格相统一。 文溯阁后面,有抄手殿廊连接着仰熙斋,斋后为九间房,其中有芍药圃、梧桐院等。这是乾隆皇帝“东巡”时的读书之所。
金水桥
沈阳故宫博物院副院长李声能透露,沈阳故宫正门前的“金水桥”属于违规建筑,与整个风貌不相符。沈阳市文物部门已经下发了整改拆除通知限期拆除。
20__年9月25日14时30分许,沈阳故宫东南侧,在“金水桥”施工墙外,有一大片被围挡围起的施工工地。从围挡的缝隙中可以看到,工地中一辆作业车正在施工。
最佳旅游时间
沈阳的春天和秋天时间短促,升温、降温幅度很大;夏季平 均气温24度,比南方凉快3-5度;冬季寒冷干燥,必须携带羽绒服或棉大衣。雨季主要在春、夏与夏秋之交。每年4-10月是沈阳旅游的黄金季节。你们来的正是时候。
游客们游玩好沈阳的古遗址、古城址、古墓葬、古建筑、 烽火台、边墙和历史纪念物、革命纪念物后。可以到具有现代性的娱乐场所去娱乐放松一下。
篇18:300字故宫导游词
各位来自世界各地的游客们,你们好!欢迎来到“世界遗产”之北京故宫,我是来自__的_导游,下面我就带大家去细细游赏一番吧。
中国明清两代的皇宫,又称紫禁城,地点位于北京城中心。开始建造与明永乐四年至十八年,也就是现在说的1420xx年至1420xx年,后来经过多个朝代的劳动人民细心修改,变的非常的富丽堂皇,但仍保持着原来的布局和规模,,是世界上保存的最完整、规模最大的古代木构架宫殿建筑群。最先的设计人是蔡信、阮安等,主持施工的人是蒯详、陆详等,名字里都有详哦!
我们说完了北京故宫的历史和人物建造,现在该说说外观和排列顺序了吧!
这座城设四个门,南门正中面是午门、北边是神武门、东为东华门,西为西华门,四门个建有重檐庑殿顶门楼。这座城的四个角都还布有一些结构精巧、外观秀丽的角楼。外面的墙有10米多高呢!还有护城河宽52米,够宽的吧!长3800米,整个建筑群按南北中间的中轴线为对称布局,层次分明,主次有序。
听完了一以上那些,你应该对北京故宫有些了解了吧!可能你还不知道把,连皇帝的住所都是那么井井有条!
前三殿是全宫最大的建筑群,占地面积有达8.5万平方米,是宫城的12%,后三供则为前三殿的25%,期于宫殿依次递减,主要突出前三殿、后三宫的主要地位。1961年定位中国第一批全国重点文物保护单位,已被联合过教科文组织列为世界文化遗产。
篇19:北京故宫导游词700字
大家好!今天我们要去游玩的地方是北京故宫。我姓卢,大家叫我小卢就行了。想必大家对故宫还不是很了解,现在我就为大家介绍介绍故宫。
故宫又名紫禁城,是明清两代的皇宫,也是中国现在所保存的最大最完整的古代建筑。1988年被联合国教科文组织列为“世界文化遗产”。诸位,故宫有四个大门。正门名叫午门,俗称五凤楼;其它的门平面为凹形,中间有重楼,重檐为庑殿顶,两翼分别有重檐楼阁四座。
接下来请大家跟着我到太和殿。太和殿又称金銮殿,在故宫的中心位置,是故宫三大殿之一。太和殿建在高约5米的汉白玉台基上面。台基四周矗立着成排的雕栏称为望柱,柱头头上雕刻着云龙云凤的图案,前后各有三座石阶,中间的石阶上雕有蟠龙,衬托着海浪和流云的“御路”。太和殿红墙黄瓦、朱楹金肩,在阳光下金碧辉煌,是中国最大的木构殿宇。
看完了太和殿,现在来游中和殿。中和殿也是故宫三大宫殿之一,位于太和殿后方,平面呈正方形,黄色琉璃瓦、四角攒尖顶,正中间有鎏金宝顶,形体壮丽,建筑精巧。
刚才游玩了故宫的两大殿,现在我们来游玩第三个大殿——保和殿。保和殿在中和殿的后方,呈长方形,黄色琉璃瓦、四角攒尖顶,建筑装修与彩绘十分绚丽多彩。
以上就是我们今天游玩的景点,相信你对故宫有了更深的了解,如果下次还有机会,我一定还会给你们当导游。谢谢!
篇20:最简单的拉萨导游词
游客朋友们大家好欢迎来到庐山,欢迎你们来到及其美丽的庐山,我叫谢雨辰大家叫我小帅就可以了。
庐山以雄、奇、险、秀,文明于世,素有“匡庐奇秀甲天下”之美誉。巍峨挺拔的青峰秀峦、喷雪鸣雷的银泉飞瀑、瞬息万变的云海奇观、俊奇巧秀的园林建筑,展现庐山无穷的魅力。
庐山云雾是庐山唯一的一大奇景。庐山云雾有时丝丝缕缕,有时朦朦胧胧,更多时候是铺天盖地涌来,让人措手不及,很难分东南西北,所以苏轼说不识庐山真面目的感叹。庐山平均每年有雾天一共有192天。云雾常年来临,如果你来庐山看到雾,看不到了景色千万不要遗憾,这可是庐山送给你的哟!
庐山景色优美,看也看不够,现在请大家来欣赏庐山的美景吧!但是请不要乱扔垃圾哦!祝大家旅行愉快!