北京故宫导游讲解词英文（精选20篇）

Lying at the center of Beijing， the Forbidden City， called Gu Gong， in Chinese， was the imperial palace during the Ming and Qing dynasties. Now known as the Palace Museum， it is to the north of Tiananmen Square. Rectangular in shape， it is the world‘s largest palace complex and covers 74 hectares. Surrounded by a six meter deep moat and a ten meter high wall are 9，999 buildings. The wall has a gate on each side. Opposite the Tiananmen Gate， to the north is the Gate of Devine Might (Shenwumen)， which faces Jingshan Park. The distance between these two gates is 960 meters， while the distance between the gates in the east and west walls is 750 meters. There are unique and delicately structured towers on each of the four corners of the curtain wall. These afford views over both the palace and the city outside. The Forbidden City is divided into two parts. The southern section， or the Outer Court was where the emperor exercised his supreme power over the nation. The northern section， or the Inner Court was where he lived with his royal family. Until 1924 when the last emperor of China was driven from the Inner Court， fourteen emperors of the Ming dynasty and ten emperors of the Qing dynasty had reigned here. Having been the imperial palace for some five centuries， it houses numerous rare treasures and curiosities. Listed by UNESCO as a World Cultural Heritage Site in 1987， the Palace Museum is now one of the most popular tourist attractions world wide.

Construction of the palace complex began in 1407， the 5th year of the Yongle reign of the third emperor of the Ming dynasty. It was completed fourteen years later in 1420. It was said that a million workers including one hundred thousand artisans were driven into the long-term hard labor. Stone needed was quarried from Fangshan， a suburb of Beijing. It was said a well was dug every fifty meters along the road in order to pour water onto the road in winter to slide huge stones on ice into the city. Huge amounts of timber and other materials were freighted from faraway provinces. Ancient Chinese people displayed their very considerable skills in building the Forbidden City. Take the grand red city wall for example. It has an 8.6 meters wide base reducing to 6.66 meters wide at the top. The angular shape of the wall totally frustrates attempts to climb it. The bricks were made from white lime and glutinous rice while the cement is made from glutinous rice and egg whites. These incredible materials make the wall extraordinarily strong.

Since yellow is the symbol of the royal family， it is the dominant color in the Forbidden City. Roofs are built with yellow glazed tiles; decorations in the palace are painted yellow; even the bricks on the ground are made yellow by a special process. However， there is one exception. Wenyuange， the royal library， has a black roof. The reason is that it was believed black represented water then and could extinguish fire.

Nowadays， the Forbidden City， or the Palace Museum is open to tourists from home and abroad. Splendid painted decoration on these royal architectural wonders， the grand and deluxe halls， with their surprisingly magnificent treasures will certainly satisfy "modern civilians".

各位朋友,先自我介绍一下…….今天我将带大家参观故宫博物院,现在我先为大家作个简单介绍.

故宫位于北京市城区中心,是明、清两代的皇宫,是当今世界上现存规模最大、建筑最雄伟、保存最完整的古代皇家宫殿.故宫又叫紫禁城.紫禁城是中国五个多世纪以来的最高权力中心,它以园林景观和容纳了家具及工艺品的9000个房间的庞大建筑群,成为明清时代中国文明无价的历史见证.1987年,北京故宫被联合国教科文组织列入《世界遗产名录》.

故宫座北朝南,开有四条门.各位朋友,这里就是故宫的正门,叫午门,意思是正午的太阳光芒四射.各位请看!在10米高的城墙上耸立着五座崇楼,楼顶飞檐翅起,从上面看就象五只展翅欲飞的凤凰,故午门又称五凤楼.它建成于公元1420年,位于端门之北,雄伟壮观.

各位朋友,现在我们已经进入故宫.这里是故宫第一进院落,首先出现在我们面前的是五座汉白玉石桥,它们象征五德,即仁、义、礼、智、信,是皇帝集美好的品质为一身的意思.金水桥下是内金水河,跨过金水桥就来到了太和门广场,这里就是明代皇帝御门听政时百官待驾的地方.

好,下面请各位去参观末代皇帝溥仪举行登基大典礼的太和殿.现在我们来到了故宫中最重要的院落--太和殿及其广场,这里就是皇家举行盛大典礼的地方.好!这里可以拍下远处太和殿的全景,各位可以在此留个影,过一会儿,我再给大家介绍一下太和殿.

各位朋友,我们眼前的太和殿是整座紫禁城内级别最高的建筑,只有皇帝举行盛大典礼时才使用,象征皇权的至高无上,太和殿俗称金銮殿,是我国现存木结构大殿的杰出典范之作.太和殿始建于公元1420年,当时叫奉天殿.后来,该叫皇极殿.清顺治皇帝登基后,重修三大殿,并将皇极殿改为太和殿.

太和殿高35米,东西长64米,南北宽33米,面积为2377平方米.它面阔十一间,进深5间,规模为紫禁城内大殿之最.装饰用的彩绘为最高等级的金龙和玺.殿顶形式为最高等级的重檐庑殿顶,就连大殿正脊上的吻兽也是我国目前最大的,总之处处显示“第一”,那是皇帝认为“老子天下第一”思想的体现.

看完了太和殿,我们再来看中和殿.大家请看!中和殿是皇帝在大典前等待吉时、稍事休息的地方.下面,请大家跟我来一起参观当时的国宴厅--保和殿.

各位朋友,这座大殿是故宫前朝三大殿中的最后一座大殿,叫保和殿.这座大殿被称为清代的国宴厅及科举考场,自乾隆皇帝以后,这里便成为每四年一次的皇家科举考场.

好啦!故宫的前三殿讲解到此结束,现在请大家参观保和殿并稍适休息,我们10分钟后集合,谢谢大家!

各位,故宫整个院落分为两大部分,即“前朝”和“后寝”.“前朝”是皇帝举行盛大典礼的地方,以太和殿、中和殿、保和殿及东西两侧的文华殿及武英殿为主.“后寝”是皇帝及后妃、未成年的子嗣们居住的地方,主要以乾清宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫及东西六宫为主.现在,我介绍一下故宫的后半部分,即“后寝”.

各位朋友,现在我们来到了乾清宫,这是皇帝在紫禁城中居住和处理日常政事的地方.乾清宫分为中殿、东暖阁及西暖阁三个部分.正殿是皇帝处理日常政务、临时按见大臣的地方,殿中设有皇帝宝座及御案,正中挂着一块“正大光明”匾,那是清朝皇帝的祖训,作为治国、修身、平天下的基本准则.东、西暖阁是皇帝晚上住宿的地方.

由于时间关系,我们就先讲到这里,现在请各位随我去参观交泰殿.各位请看,这座四角攒尖顶的大殿叫交泰殿,这座建筑是明清两朝皇后过生日时举行寿庆活动的地方.在大殿后墙匾额上有“无为”二字,那里是康熙皇帝的御笔,意思是希望后代能够以德制国,施以仁政,以图国家长治久安.

各位朋友,现在我们来到了紫禁城的后花园--御花园,这里是帝后们的休闲娱乐的场所.大家可以在这座名字叫堆秀山的假山前拍照留念.

好啦,各位朋友,故宫中路的讲解到此结束.

The tourists who are sleeping can wake up. I understand that we are alltired. After several hours of long-distance bumps, now we finally arrive at ourdestination today - Jiuhua Mountain. Lets get out of the car and start ourjourney to Jiuhua Mountain. Lets follow me and dont fall behind. At thismoment, we are going up the winding mountain road and the mountain steps toreach Fenghuang pine, the oldest ancient pine in the world. You can have a lookat it, its like a flying phoenix, it seems to welcome us. Along the way ofphase II, I believe that when you hear the chirping of birds and the gurgling ofmountain springs, together with the laughter of our tourist friends, you willnot really answer the old saying "there is no one in an empty mountain, but youcan hear peoples voices".

Now we are halfway up the mountain. In front of us is Guanyin peak. You cansee that the stone is very lifelike, wearing a big red robe. When the mountainwind blows, the red robe flutters slightly, just like the arrival of Guanyin.Further up, you can see the broad ancient Sutra worship platform. You can seethe footprints left on the granite by the Bodhisattva of Tibetans during hismeditation. It is 2 times larger than the footprints of normal people. 9 times!Friends who are interested can take off their shoes and stand in the footprintsof the Bodhisattva of the king of Tibet to see if our feet are only one third ofthat!

Well, now we finally arrive at the terminal, Tiantai temple. Tiantaitemple, also known as dizang temple, is located at the top of Tiantai peak at analtitude of 1306 meters. It is said that there are traces of "Jinxian cave" leftin the holy residence of senior monks in the Tang Dynasty. Standing at the topof the peak, I just feel that the depression in my heart suddenly disappeared,and I feel very comfortable. Although Jiuhua Mountain is not as grand as MountTai or as dangerous as Mount Huangshan, it is famous both at home and abroad forits beauty!

亲爱的游客朋友：

今日，由我带领大家来游览故宫。

故宫位于北京市中心，是明、清两代的皇宫，又称紫禁城。故宫始建于明永乐四年至十八年，也就是此刻说的1406年至1420年。北京故宫为世界五大宫殿之首，其它四殿分别是法国凡尔赛宫、英国白金汉宫、俄罗斯克里姆林宫和美国白宫。故宫南北长961米，东西宽753米，面积约为725，000平方米。建筑面积15。5万平方米。故宫够大吧!

相传故宫有9999。5间房，有人做过形象比喻：如果有人从刚出生就开始住，要住到27岁才能够住完。实际据1973专家现场测量故宫的房间有8704间。

故宫有四个门，正门名为午门。午门有五个洞。其平面为凹形，宏伟壮丽。午门后有五座精巧的汉白玉拱桥通往太和门。东门名东华门，西门名西华门，北门名神武门。故宫的四个城角都有精巧玲珑的角楼，角楼高27。5米，十字屋脊，三重檐迭出，四面亮山，多角交错，是结构奇丽的建筑。

后门“神武门”，明朝时为“玄武门”，玄武为古代四神兽之一，从方位上讲，左青龙，右白虎，前朱雀，后玄武，玄武主北方，所以帝王宫殿的北宫门多取名“玄武”。清康熙年间因避讳改称“神武门”。神武门也是一座城门楼形式，用的最高等级的重檐庑殿式屋顶，但它的大殿仅有五开间加围廊，没有左右向前伸展的两翼，所以在形制上要比午门低一个等级。神武门是宫内日常出入的门禁。现神武门为故宫博物院正门。

东华门与西华门遥相对应，门外设有下马碑石，门内金水河南北流向，上架石桥1座，桥北为三座门。东华门与西华门形制相同，平面矩形，红色城台，白玉须弥座，当中辟3座券门，券洞外方内圆。城台上建有城楼，黄琉璃瓦重檐庑殿顶，城楼面阔5间，进深3间，四周出廊。

前三殿是全宫最大的建筑群，占地面积有达8。5万平方米，是宫城的12%，后三供则为前三殿的25%，期于宫殿依次递减，主要突出前三殿、后三宫的主要地位。1961年定位中国第一批全国重点文物保护单位。

好了，大家能够自由活动了，游玩时注意安全，注意坚持景点卫生，祝大家玩得愉快。

王府正殿，俗称“银安殿”是王府内举行重要礼节性活动的场所，在殿内中心位臵摆放一组屏风和亲王的宝座。与故宫的金銮殿相对应的。金銮殿是皇帝

召见、举行重大典礼仪式的地方。

你现在看到的这座高大的建筑是本次大修中按同治光绪年间的原样新建的。最初的银安殿连同东西配殿在内的整个院落于一九二一年正月十五元宵节夜因烧香失火被毁。

银安殿的新建历程：

银安殿是按照当时严格的清廷建筑规制、王府建筑中的最高规格屋顶——歇山顶修复而成的。

游客们请观察正殿屋顶筒瓦的颜色，屋脊上吻兽个数，正门门钉的个数等，与你们所见的故宫有何不同?

皇宫屋顶覆盖金黄色琉璃，是皇权的象征;王府正殿的屋顶覆盖绿色琉璃筒瓦、屋脊上绿色琉璃吻兽，配殿屋顶为灰筒瓦，那是明示亲王的地位。

门钉。在古建筑里，门钉只在板门上使用。当初用来提防敌人用火攻城，所以在涿弋上涂满了泥，起防火作用。门钉一般是铜制的。清朝则对门钉的使用有一定的规制。皇家建筑，每扇门的门钉是横竖各九路，一共是九九八十一个钉。九是阳数之极，象征帝王最高的地位。因为帝王庙是供奉历代帝王的，所以也是横竖九路门钉;王府七路乘七路，但是亲王府七路乘九路;再往下就是五路乘五路。

2、多福轩

此院俗称“藤萝院”。正殿在和珅时期称之谓“延禧堂”，是和珅之子与公主的居所。恭亲王时期称之谓“多福轩”，是王府的穿堂客厅，主要用于主人日常接待来客、亲友或前来回禀公事的下属，兼用作存放皇帝送来的礼物。“多福轩”此匾为咸丰皇帝所题。意为幸福很多的殿堂。殿内正中悬挂“同德延禧”匾额，意在告诫主人：你与皇帝同德才能延禧(禧：吉祥如意、福寿绵长)。请大家仔细观察殿内四壁靠近天花板的地方皆悬挂福寿字匾，这些福寿字均写于红色方纸之上(即“斗方”)呈梭形摆放，一福一寿成对制成匾额。清代自康熙以后，每年入冬，皇帝都要亲自书写“福”“寿”字，颁赐给王、公、大臣、后妃。逢重大生日庆典，还会加赐“寿”字。按惯例，旧年的福寿字斗方不能揭去，而是将新赐的福寿字斗方直接贴在旧的上面，取“增福添寿”之意。现在你看到的就是原样复制的。

请大家仔细观察屋梁上保留下来的乾隆时期的凤和玺彩画，虽然仅残留局部的凤尾图案，却有特殊的价值，它的存在证实了府邸东路曾为公主府 。

和玺彩画又称宫殿建筑彩画，这种建筑彩画在清代是一种最高等级的彩画，大多画在宫殿建筑上或与皇家有关的建筑之上。

3、乐道堂

这里是东路建筑中最大的一处，也是最后一进院落，正房名“乐道堂”。室内梁上至今保存了200多年前清中期包袱锦地彩画和凤凰主题彩画，表明和珅时期这里曾是公主的居所。到了恭亲王时期这里是王爷的居室。现在室内按恭亲王居住时的原样陈列。“乐道堂”的匾额是道光帝亲笔所书赐给奕忻的，“安身乐道”表达了一位父亲希望儿子顺心如意、幸福吉祥的美好心愿。

和珅既非亲王，在封建等级制度甚严的清朝，他为何臵逾制犯上而不顾大兴土木建造如此豪华的私宅呢?从下面的记载中你可知其中的原委。

和珅之子丰绅殷德本名殷德，生于乾隆四十年(1775年)正月十九日，比和孝公主小半个月。和珅与乾隆结成儿女亲家，成为令人高不可攀的皇亲国戚，由此更加受到皇上的器重，继而平步青云。和珅建和宅实际上建成的是公主府，因此和珅建此宅是按照公主府邸和朝廷一品大员的双重规格建造的。

4、嘉乐堂

嘉乐堂是和珅时期的堂号，“嘉乐堂”此匾相传是乾隆赐给和珅的。恭亲王时期为“神殿”，即王府举行萨满教祭祀活动的地方。

萨满教祭祀活动：古代的蒙古人最早信仰萨满教。萨满教崇拜神灵，把世界分为三种：天堂在上;地为之中;地狱在下。

萨满祭祀以祭祖祭天最为重要。满族人崇敬乌鸦，据传说满族祖先在一次战斗中陷入陷井，情急之下不得不到大树上作躲藏，树上的乌鸦一动不动，因而没有把满族的祖先暴露给敌人，让他逃过一劫，东山再起，因此满族人把乌鸦敬之为神。篇二：恭王府导游词

各位游客大家好,恭亲王府原是“千古第一贪”的和王申的家，后被嘉庆帝立下二十四条罪状，抄了他的家充公。因最后一任主人是恭亲王爱新觉罗·奕讠斤，所以称为恭亲王府。

北京城两龙脉，一是京城中轴线，二是护城河。故宫就坐落在中轴线的头上。而恭亲王府就坐落在两龙脉相交之处。和王申曾大言不惭说：“皇上坐龙头，我坐龙尾。龙头虽掌大局，却还要龙尾行大事。”听听，和王申野心之勃勃，真不愧“千古第一贪”!恭亲王府内，有九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。这“蝙蝠”并不是真实的蝙蝠，而形似蝙蝠的建筑。和王申想让自己很幸福，便取“福”的谐音字“蝠”，建了九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。

进门后，首先映入眼帘的，便是一只硕大的“蝙蝠”。这是一只形似蝙蝠的池塘，名曰“福池”。池岸边随意错落着假山碎石。福池周围栽满了榆树，榆树的果、叶形似铜钱，每当铜钱般的果、叶掉入福池时，和王申就会笑哈哈：“天上掉下的钱，进入我的?聚宝盆?，地上的钱也是流入我和王申的囊袋中。”这话可真不假!

游客们，大家好！我们要游览的是闻名中外的古代建筑——故宫

故宫位于北京市中心，是世界上的五大宫之一，也称为“紫禁城。”这里本有过二十多位皇帝，第一位是明朝的朱棣皇帝，最后一位是溥仪皇帝。

故宫是中国最完整的古老建筑，有一条中轴，贯通着整个故宫，三大殿、后三宫、御花园都在这条中轴线上。三大殿分别是太和殿、中和殿和保和殿，它们位于故宫前方。

太和殿俗称金銮殿，面积约是2380多平方米，是故宫中面积最大的一座宫殿。太和殿的后面就是中和殿，中和殿高有29米，内部是一个正方形。保和殿位于太和殿与中和殿之后，保和殿高27米，内部是一个长方形，到乾隆时代后，这里就成为了一个考试的地区。

后三宫分别是乾清宫，交泰殿和坤宁宫。乾清宫是皇帝居住的地方，坤宁宫是皇后居住的地方。交泰殿并不是住的，它也是一座宫殿，只不过是和乾清之、坤宁宫在一起，所以被称为后三宫。

御花园很大，占地面积是120xx平方米，占了故宫的四分之一，它附近有慈宁宫花园，建福花园和宁寿花园。在这几座花园中，御花园是最大的。

故宫很美，但游人会把食物的包装袋或者其它垃圾随手扔到地上，使故宫的环境变差，我们应该要好好地保护这美丽的古代建筑。

各位游客大家好，我是旅行社的导游员，我姓宋，我刚做导游不久，所以请大家见谅我手里拿着导游词哈，在接下来的几天当中，我将陪伴大家共同游览北京的名胜风景，希望通过我的讲解，能够是您对北京留下非常美好的印象，同时也希望您能对我的工作提出宝贵的意见。好，现在我们就开始今天的游览行程吧。

在建造过程中，征集了全国10万名能工巧匠和民夫50万人，我记得是100万人，肯定是导游词出错了，不好意思，我们继续，而建筑材料都来自全国各地，比如汉白玉石来北京房山，金砖来自苏州，石灰来自河北易州，五色虎皮石来自河北蓟县盘山，殿基所用的精砖石来自山东临清，松木多来自东北，而楠木多来自四川、云贵、浙江等地，可见当时工程的浩大。

故宫基本上是按照明中都皇宫的蓝图而修建的，布局规划遵循了《周礼·考工计》的都城设计礼制：前朝后寝，左祖右社。大致分为南北两个部分，南半部位前朝，北半部则为后寝。前朝是以太和、中和、保和三大殿为中心，文华殿和武英殿为东西两翼，是皇帝举行朝会的地方。而后寝则是以乾清、交泰、坤宁这后三殿以及东西六宫、御花园为中心，外东路、外西路的建筑为主，是皇帝处理日常政务和后宫皇妃居住、祭祀的地方。左祖右社是这样布局的：在午门外东侧是皇帝祭祖的场所太庙，西侧则是祭社稷的场所社稷坛。

按照这种布局建筑而成的故宫就是明清两代24位皇帝的皇宫，其中明朝14位，清朝10位，统治时间总共长达五个世纪。由于它在中国历史上的特殊地位和它精美的建筑群体，所以在1987年被联合国教科文组织收录到了《世界文化遗产名录》当中，成为世界上规模最大、保存最完整的宫殿建筑群。现在在北京有一条贯穿南北的中轴线，被梁思成先生称为伟大的中轴线，全长8.5公里，南起永定门，北到钟楼，其中包括故宫在内的皇城就占了三分之一。这条中轴线也叫做龙脉，线上的景山是内城的中心点，也是故宫的镇山。

我们有时候还把故宫叫做紫禁城，而它的名称是怎样得来的呢?我国古代天文学家把天上的主要恒星分为三垣、四象和二十八星宿。三垣是太微垣、紫微垣和天市垣。其中紫薇垣居中，是天上皇帝所居住的地方，称为紫宫。封建帝王自称是天帝的儿子，所以他们也把自己居住的皇宫象征为天上的紫宫。而且皇帝居住的地方戒备森严，不许庶民百姓接近，是绝对的禁地，又称为禁宫，所以这里也被叫做紫禁城。这里共有四道门，分别是午门、神武门、东华门和西华门。而紫禁城的正门就是午门，因为在罗盘上，上午的代表正南，所以午门也是南大门的意思。它的平面呈“凹”字型，从汉代的门阙形制演变过来。

Prince Gongs residence is located in the northwest of Beijing, nearQianhai in the East and Houhai in the north. In the early stage, a canal fromthe northeast corner of Jishuitan (West Sea) water area in Deshengmen bypassedthe west wall of Prince Gongs residence, turned outside the south wall(commonly known as Yueya River), and flowed into Shichahai (Qianhai) throughthree bridges. Facing water in the West and south, and near water in the Eastand North, it can be said that it is surrounded by water and has a beautifulenvironment. By the early 1950s, the canal had been filled up to form Liuyinstreet and qianhaixi street.

Prince Gongs residence was first built in 1776, with a history of morethan 230 years. In the fourth year of Jiaqing, he was convicted and his housewas confiscated. After that, the house was divided into two parts: the East andthe West. Emperor Jiaqing of the West gave the house to his younger brotherPrince Yonggui, and the East left it to the ten princesses. In the first year ofChengfeng (1851), Emperor Xianfeng gave the whole palace to Prince Gong Yi? Tolive in. So far, it was named Prince Gongs palace, which is still in use today.Please remember the two main masters of the garden: big corrupt official andPrince Gong Yi?.

Prince Gongs residence is 330 meters long from north to South and 180meters wide from east to west. There are dozens of palaces in Beijing, whichwere either destroyed or used for other purposes. Only Prince Gongs mansion,which has been preserved in its original style, is open to the outside world. Asan ancient garden of Manchu royal family, it is composed of two parts: Mansionand garden, covering an area of more than 60000 square meters, including 32000square meters of mansion and 28000 square meters of garden.

The buildings in the mansion are divided into three roads: the East Road,the middle road and the west road. From the south to the north, they arecomposed of many three-way quadrangles with strict central axis. The layout isclear. The east road goes to park Shanghua, the middle road is solemn andsolemn, and the west road is simple and elegant. The three roads areself-contained and harmonious. In these houses, there are not only the buildingsreflecting the royal style and majesty, but also the exquisite architecture anddecoration style from the folk, which constitute the biggest feature of theroyal culture. The garden integrates Jiangnan garden and Northern architecture,and integrates western architecture and Chinese classical garden architecture.Prince Gongs mansion is not only one of the important representatives of theQing Dynastys mansion architecture, but also an important performance of themost mature period of Chinese traditional architecture and gardening skills. Mr.Hou Renzhi, a famous scholar, called it "a palace of Prince Gong, half of thehistory of Qing Dynasty".

Prince Gongs house was listed as a key national protection unit in 1982,and the garden of Prince Gongs house was opened to the public in 1988. In theprocess of my explanation, in order to better protect this precious heritage andensure the safety of your visit to the park, please cooperate. First, do notsmoke. Second, do not climb rocks. Third, take good care of your belongings.Fourth, take good care of the environment and do not litter in the park

1、 The first master of the mansion, he (born in 1750 A.D. in the 15th yearof Qianlong and died in 1799 A.D. in the 4th year of Jiaqing), was originallynamed Shanbao, with the word zhizhai and the surname niuhulu. He belonged to theZhenghong banner of Manchuria (once carried into zhenghuang banner, but hisfamily members were classified as Zhenghong banner after being convicted).)Among the eight banners, they are not aristocrats (eight banners are dividedinto yellow flag, yellow flag, white flag, white flag, red flag, red flag, blueflag and blue flag). The yellow flag, the yellow flag and the white flag led bythe emperor were the upper three banners, the nobles and the lower five banners.)How could he be the greatest favorite of Emperor Qianlong if he was not borninto a noble family and had no degree of Jinshi

There are five main reasons why he is favored

First, smart. He? Has an amazing memory, makes a clear reading and makes asmart decision. Even Jiaqing affirmed that he was "smart and agile". When he wasa child, he studied in Xianan palace, the best school in the capital at thattime (Xianan palace is in the Imperial Palace, which is equivalent to thecurrent national key school. It mainly recruits the children of the internalaffairs government and eight banners officials who are both good-looking andgood-looking). He is proficient in Manchu, Chinese, Mongolian and TibetanLanguages, and can be both civil and military. At the age of 19, he inheritedthe position of third-class light truck captain earned by his ancestors. Threeyears later, there was another vacancy for the third class bodyguard, which gavehim a chance to get close to Emperor Qianlong.

Second, the United tobacco royal family. His son, Fengshen Yinde, was giventhe name by Emperor Qianlong, which means longevity in Manchu. Moreover,Qianlong married his 65 year old daughter Gu Lun and Princess Xiao to his sonFengshen Yinde. The relationship between Emperor Qianlong and "he" changed fromthe relationship between master and slave, the relationship between monarch andminister to the relationship between daughter and family, and Qianlong becamethe real umbrella of "he".

Thirdly, according to unofficial history, I remember that when Hongli wasyoung (later Emperor Qianlong), I once played in the palace and saw nianguifeicombing her hair. Nianguifei was the younger sister of general Nian genyao ofthe Qing Dynasty and one of the top ten beauties of the Qing Dynasty. Her namewas nianqiuyue. Hongli was moved by her beauty and secretly went over to coverher eyes from behind. Qing, Nians concubine was startled and didnt know whowas behind. She picked up the hairpin and rowed back, which just cut Honglisforehead. Later, the empress learned about it, because it spread that it was notgood for Honglis reputation (she was the Royal concubine of Yongzheng, Honglishould call her erniang. )Next year, the imperial concubine hanged herself.Hongli cried bitterly at that time, because one of his frivolous actions killedNian Guifei. I secretly vowed that when I became an emperor, I would meet again,not to repair this life and the afterlife. So stained with cinnabar, she printeda red fingerprint behind her ear. Many years later, when Hongli became emperor,he was Emperor Qianlong. When he first saw him, he was still a stick guard.Qianlong was surprised and felt that he looked like the young lady who died manyyears ago. So he stepped down from the throne and asked if there were anysisters in his family. He said that there were only two brothers, he and he?.When the emperor was disappointed, he suddenly saw a red mole behind his ear. Itwas not only similar to nianguifeis face, but also the size and location of themole. So the emperor thinks that he? Is the reincarnation of Nian Guifei. So theemperor kept him close to him and favored him. He also used his intelligence toplease Qianlong. As a result, his position and status rose like a helicopter.Within three years, Emperor Qianlong passed orders to promote him to theposition of official. He almost made all kinds of high-ranking officials in theQing Dynasty. He had been a military aircraft Minister for 23 years, and wasknown as the second emperor.

Many friends come to Prince Gongs residence with admiration. The film andtelevision works also make a lot of hype about ho. However, there is a big gapbetween the real image of Ho and the image of the film and television works. Hois a real beautiful man with a white face, quick action, dignified and humorousspeech.

The second master, Prince Gong Yi? (1833-1898), was the sixth son ofEmperor Daoguang. He was named Prince Gong in the imperial edict of EmperorDaoguang in 1850. He was an important and influential figure in the politicalsituation of the late Qing Dynasty. After the death of emperor Xianfeng in 1861,he and Cixi jointly launched the "Xinyou coup" to eliminate eight ministers,such as SUSHUN, which paved the way for Cixi to reach the peak of power. Afterthat, he was appointed as the king of political affairs, walked on the militaryplane, and participated in military affairs as a prince, which was very rare inthe Qing Dynasty. As a "leader", he, together with Zeng Guofan, Zhang Zhidongand other feudal officials, set off the famous "Westernization Movement" inmodern Chinese history. Under his invitation and planning, the Qing governmentestablished in 1860 the first official "Ministry of foreign affairs" in Chinesehistory, the premiers national affairs yamen, to deal with foreign affairs. In1862, under his own planning, the Qing government established the capitalTongwen school in Beijing. The establishment of Tongwen school was the beginningof the establishment of a new school in China. It entered the school of BeijingNormal University in 1902 and became the earliest part of the establishment ofPeking University. It seems that the prince of the late Qing Dynasty has acertain relationship with Peking University. Yi? Was the sixth son of EmperorDaoguang. At that time, he was famous for his foreign affairs. Therefore, peoplenicknamed him GUI Zi Liu, and he didnt mind. Because Yi? Was very independentand active in politics, he was afraid of Empress Dowager Cixi. Later, he lostpower and lived in seclusion in Jiehe temple. Yi? Became the tenth iron hat kingof the Qing Dynasty in 1872. He is the author of the collection of works ofledaotang. After the Sino Japanese War of 1894-1895, it was used again. It wasthe Prime Minister of the Navy, the Council for military affairs, and the innercourt. He died in 1898 with the posthumous title of "Zhong". )

2、 Scenic spots in the mansion

The main hall of the palace of yinan, commonly known as "yinan hall", isthe place where important ceremonial activities are held. A group of screens andthe throne of the prince are placed in the center of the hall. It corresponds tothe Jinluan Hall of the Forbidden City. Jinluan hall was the place where theemperor summoned and held important ceremonies.

The tall building you see now was newly built in this overhaul as it was inthe Guangxu reign of Tongzhi. The original yinan hall, together with the Eastand west side halls, was destroyed by burning incense on the night of theLantern Festival on January 15, 1921.

The new construction process of yinan Hall:

The yinan hall was built according to the strict Architectural Regulationsof the Qing Dynasty and the highest standard roof of the royal palace.

Tourists, please observe the color of the tiles on the roof of the mainhall, the number of animals on the roof ridge, the number of doornails on themain door, etc. How are they different from the palace museum you can see?

The roof of the imperial palace is covered with golden colored glass, whichis the symbol of imperial power; the roof of the main hall of the Royal Palaceis covered with green colored glass tiles, and the roof of the auxiliary hall iscovered with gray tiles, which indicates the princes status.

In ancient architecture, door nails were only used on board doors.Originally used to guard against the enemys fire attack, so Zhuoyi was coveredwith mud to prevent fire. Doornails are usually made of copper. In the QingDynasty, the use of door nails was regulated. In royal architecture, there arenine nails for each door, nine in each direction, and a total of ninety-nine andeighty-one nails. Nine is the pole of Yang number, symbolizing the higheststatus of the emperor. Because the imperial temple is dedicated to the emperorsof the past dynasties, it also has nine road studs; seven roads in the RoyalPalace take seven roads, but seven roads in the princes palace take nine roads;further down there are five roads take five roads.

Duofuxuan is commonly known as "tengluoyuan". The main hall was called"Yanxi hall" in the period of peace, which was the residence of the son andPrincess of peace. It was called "duofuxuan" in the period of Prince Gong. Itwas the hall and living room of the palace. It was mainly used by the host toreceive visitors, relatives and friends or subordinates who came to report backto the official affairs. It was also used to store gifts sent by the emperor."Duofuxuan" was inscribed by Emperor Xianfeng. It means the palace of a lot ofhappiness. The plaque of "Tongde Yanxi" is hung in the center of the hall, whichis intended to warn the host that only when you and the emperor have the samevirtue can you extend the Xi (XI: good luck and long life). Please observecarefully that the four walls of the hall near the ceiling are all hung with theinscription of "Fu Shou". The inscription of "Fu Shou" is written on the redsquare paper (i.e. "Dou Fang") and is placed in a shuttle shape. The inscriptionof "Fu Shou" is made in pairs.

Since the reign of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, every winter, the emperorhad to write the words "Fu" and "Shou" in person and give them to the king, theDuke, the minister and the empress. The word "Shou" will be added to every majorbirthday celebration. According to convention, the old "Fu Shou" Dou Fang cannot be removed. Instead, the new "Fu Shou" Dou Fang is pasted directly on theold one, meaning "Fu Tian Shou". Now what you see is the original copy.

Please carefully observe the Phoenix and seal painting of Qianlong periodon the roof beam. Although only partial Phoenix Tail pattern remains, it hasspecial value. Its existence confirms that Fudi East Road was once Princessmansion.

Hexi painting is also known as palace architectural painting. This kind ofarchitectural painting is the highest level painting in the Qing Dynasty, mostlypainted on palace buildings or buildings related to the royal family

Ledaotang is the largest building on the East Road and the last one toenter the courtyard. The main room is called "ledaotang". On the interior beams,there are two hundred years of colorful paintings of baojindi and Phoenix in themiddle Qing Dynasty, which indicates that it was the residence of the princessduring the period of peace. In the period of Prince Gong, this is the livingroom of the prince. Now the interior is displayed as it was when Prince Gonglived. The plaque of "ledaotang" was given to Yi? By Emperor Daoguang himself.It expresses a fathers wish for his sons happiness and auspiciousness.

He is not a prince. In the Qing Dynasty, when the feudal hierarchy was verystrict, why did he build such a luxurious private house in spite of large-scaleconstruction? You can see the reason from the following records.

Yin De, the son of he, was born on the 19th of the first month of the 40thyear of Qianlong (1775), half a month younger than Princess He Xiao. He andQianlong formed a family of sons and daughters, and became the most unattainablerelatives of the emperor. He Jianhe house was actually built as Princess House,so he Jianhe house was built according to the double specifications of PrincessHouse and first-class officials of the imperial court

Jiale Hall

Jiale hall is the hall name of Hejin period. It is said that the plaque ofJiale hall was given to Hejin by Qianlong. During the period of Prince Gong, itwas the "Temple", that is, the place where Shamanism activities were held.

Shamanism sacrificial activities: Ancient Mongolians believed in Shamanismfirst. Shamanism worships gods and divides the world into three kinds: heavenabove, earth in the middle and hell below.

The most important way of Shaman sacrifice is to worship ancestors andheaven. It is said that the ancestors of Manchu people fell into a trap in abattle and had to hide in a big tree in a hurry. The birds on the tree did notmove, so they did not expose the ancestors of Manchu people to the enemy and letthem survive. Therefore, Manchu people revered the birds as gods.

Grand Theater

The grand theater building of Prince Gongs mansion, built during the reignof tongzhi (1862-1874), is a place for Prince Gong and his relatives to watchthe opera. This theater is the only existing fully enclosed theater in China. Inthe archives of the Qing Dynasty, theatrical buildings were called "bigtheatrical rooms". The building area is 685 square meters, and its architecturalform adopts a three volume hook and build fully enclosed structure. It is saidthat although the whole theater building is of brick and wood structure, it doesnot use an iron nail. In particular, it is worth mentioning the sound effect ofthe Grand Theater. In order to ensure the fidelity of the sound, several largetanks are placed under the stage. The ingenious and special structure increasesthe resonance reverberation space, so that the audience can clearly hear thesinging of the actors without any sound transmission tools at any position inthe theater. Once, after a famous singer came here to sing, he excitedly praisedthat the timbre effect of the grand theater building was better than that of theconcert hall.

In the peony courtyard, the location of the theater is general, but theinside is resplendent. On both sides of the stage, the two pillars, the fourwalls and the top are all painted with twigs and vines. The scene of greenleaves and purple flowers in full bloom makes people feel like watching theOpera under the vines. It is said that at that time, even Empress Dowager Cixiwas sitting in the courtyard. Prince Gong worried that he would be guilty ofoverstepping the system, so he painted a lot of vines on the roof, which meansthat this is the vines rack, not the lobby. Its very kind of him. There are 20large palace lanterns hanging on the top of the shed, and 20 eight immortalstables with Taishi chairs are placed in an orderly manner. The back walls of thetheater are light brown wooden lattice, with dark blue silk cloth as the bottomlining. On the south side of the hall is a stage about one meter high. Above thestage, there is a black plaque with gold characters, which is written with fourseal characters of "enjoy yourself". In the south, there is an actors dressingroom in the backstage and a stage in the front. In the north, there are placesfor VIPs and their wives to watch and rest. Yis birthday is in the late Octoberof the lunar calendar. When holding a birthday party, a fire is needed, so theGrand Theater is also called "warm building" by the government. In addition toacting, it was also the place where the wedding ceremony was held in PrinceGongs mansion. Every time the important figures in the mansion die, the theaterwill be full of couplets, buildings, cigarettes, long hanging, and monks andnuns in each temple will sprinkle sutras one after another to pass the dead.

In 1936, Pu Ru, the grandson of Prince Gong Yi? Who lived in the garden atthat time, celebrated his mother Mrs. Xiangs birthday and organized a hall playin the theater. At that time, famous actors in the Peking Opera circle gatheredin the Grand Theater and performed on the stage one after another. This is thelast meeting of Prince Gongs mansion. Now?

来自世界各地的游客们，你们好!欢迎来到“世界遗产”之北京故宫，我是来自河北的袁导游，下面我就带大家去细细游赏一番吧。

中国明清两代的皇宫，又称紫禁城，地点位于北京城中心。开始建造与明永乐四年至十八年，也就是现在说的1420xx年至1420xx年，后来经过多个朝代的劳动人民细心修改，变成富丽堂皇，但仍保持着原来的布局和规模，是世界上保存的最完整、规模最大的古代木构架宫殿建筑群。

我们说完了北京故宫的历史，现在该说说外观和排列顺序了吧!

这座城设四个门，南门正中面是午门、北边是神武门、东为东华门、西为西华门，四门各建有重檐庑殿顶门楼。这座城的四个角都还布有一些结构精巧、外观秀丽的角楼。外面的墙有10米多高呢!还有护城河宽52米，够宽的吧!长3800米，整个建筑群按南北中间的中轴线为对称布局，层次分明，主次有序。

听完了一以上那些，你应该对北京故宫有些了解了吧!可能你还不知道吧，连皇帝的住所都是那么井井有条!

文化殿，武英殿是面阔九间的但檐歇山顶建筑。文化殿是皇帝听大臣讲书的地方，武英殿是皇帝吃饭、居住和召见大臣的地方。后三宫、东西六宫和乾清宫和坤宁宫通直御花园。坤宁宫和乾清宫是内廷的正殿、正寝，是皇帝、太后和皇后的正式居住场所，平均面积宽九间，为重檐庑殿顶。

前三殿是全宫最大的建筑群，占地面积有达8.5万平方米，是宫城的12%，后三宫则为前三殿的25%，期于宫殿依次递减，主要突出前三殿、后三宫的主要地位。1961年定位中国第一批全国重点文物保护单位，已被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产。

怎么样，对我袁导游的介绍还满意吗?如果不满意，请多多指教，好让我步步高升啊!

说起美丽的故宫，每个人都很熟悉。

故宫又叫紫禁城，是世界五大宫之首，是明清两代的皇宫，始建于公元1420xx年，面积约有725000平方米，相当于900个大操场那么大。

进了故宫的正门--午门，一个大广场呈现在我们眼前。广场上有五座精巧的汉白玉拱桥。桥下有一条金水河，形似玉带，漂亮极了。

站在广场上，抬头一看，一座金碧辉煌的宫殿耸立在眼前，黄色的琉璃瓦闪闪发光。这就是太和殿。太和殿内雕镂金漆的宝座，坐落在正中的须弥坐式楠木平台上，宝座周围是六根沥粉蟠龙金柱，气势磅礴。宝座上方的天花中央是巨大的蟠龙藻井。

出了太和殿，绕过中和殿和保和殿，就是乾清宫。乾清宫在明代和清代前期是皇帝的寝宫。皇帝在乾清宫处理政务，召见臣工，接见外国使臣及内廷受贺和举行家宴。

从乾清宫出来，绕过交泰殿和坤宁宫，就是御花园。进了御花园，就会看到一座亭子。葱郁的树丛映衬着红色的墙壁和金黄的琉璃瓦，那就是千秋亭，千秋亭旁边是堆秀山，堆秀山是一座石头砌成的假山，四处是碧绿的树木，美丽极了。

关于故宫还有一个传说。相传古代有一个人叫刘伯温。有一天，他对皇帝说：“陛下，臣昨晚做了个梦，梦见玉帝召见臣，说皇上住的宫殿必须要有三十六金刚及七十二地煞看守，否则会有灾难。说完腾云而去，臣就吓醒了。”皇帝听了，命令刘伯温去造一座宫殿，就叫紫禁城，要有三十六金刚及七十二地煞把守。老百姓闻之此事后，都等着看刘伯温怎么造有三十六金刚及七十二地煞把守的宫殿。过了十个月，宫殿造好了，皇帝看到宫里金光闪闪，好像是三十六金刚及七十二地煞在把守，高兴极了，奖赏了刘伯温，再晋升三级。后来人们才发现那些“三十六金刚”只不过是黄金，“七十二地煞”只不过是七十二口大缸。

故宫处处是美丽的景色，希望大家能细细游赏。

东路以建筑为主。东有两山南北奔趋，两山各在东南和东北转折成围合状。建筑分三个小院。，南面靠东院入，抬头是一精致垂花门，入内为狭长院落，院内当年种竹，正厅为大戏楼之后部，西厢为中路明道堂之后卷，东厢为一排厢房，院西为另一个狭长院落。入口月洞门，曰:吟香醉月。北面是东路的主体建筑大戏楼，戏楼自成一个小院，面积达685平方米，院内有前厅、观众厅、舞台、扮戏房等，厅内装饰豪华，是王府的观戏处。

西路以山水为主。西路的起始部分从飞来峰西走，在南端是两山之间的一个雄关。关名曰:榆关，榆关即长城的山海关，是长城的象征，素有天下第一关之美称，当年，清代皇帝就是从此入关，在园中设此关足以表示园主不忘记清祖从山海关入主中原的丰功伟绩。榆关之前是西路的中心大方池，方池东南角出细流折东与福河相连，大方池之中有一个方形小岛，岛上是观鱼台，以此来喻庄子濠上观鱼之乐的典故;池西是西山;池前有五间堂屋。东出抄手廊与中路滴翠岩的曲廊相接。

全园以福字贯穿，表明主题明显。山势围合有新意，榆关雄峙也有新意，但东部建筑较多，中部曲廊的围合也不够有机，特别是理水较差。从堆石、建筑、植物、格局上看仍有北方园林特点。

恭王府位于什刹海北岸的恭王府是世界最大的四合院，也是今日北京城里，60余座清代王府中保存最完整的一个。分为平行的东、中、西三路。中路的3座建筑是府邸的主体，一是大殿，二是后殿，三是延楼。延楼东西长160米，有40余间房屋。东路和西路各有3个院落，和中路遥相呼应。王府的最后部分是花园，20多个景区各不相同。

恭王府是清道光帝第六子恭忠亲王府第。前身为乾隆时大学士和砷的邸宅。嘉庆四年(1799年)和砷获罪，邸宅入官，嘉庆帝将其一部分赐给其弟庆僖亲王永磷，是为庆王府。以后咸丰市将庆王府收回，转赐其弟奕沂，是为恭王府。咸丰、同治年间曾整修，并在府后添建花园。

恭王府花园为位于恭王府后的一独具特色的花园，又名萃锦园，位于柳荫街甲14号，建于1777年，据考证是在明代旧园上重修的。全园占地面积2.8万平方米，有古建筑31处。恭亲王为重建花园调集百名能工巧匠，增置山石林木，彩画斑斓，融江南园林艺术与北方建筑格局为一体，汇西洋建筑及中国古典园林建筑为一园，建成后曾为京师百座王府之冠，是北京现存王府园林艺术的精华所在，堪称"什刹海的明珠"。其中园中的西洋门、御书"福"字碑、室内大戏楼并称恭王府"三绝"。某些红学家认为此园可能是曹雪芹笔下《红楼梦》中大观园的原型。

王府是北京规模最大、保存最完整的清代王府，位于什刹海西北角，前海西街17号，现为全国重点文物保护单位。恭王府始建于十八世纪末，早期为乾隆年间大学士和珅宅第，嘉庆四年(公元1799年)和珅获罪，宅第被没收赐与庆郡王，咸丰元年 (公元1851年)改赐给恭亲王爱新觉罗·奕?。

清代王府有严格的规制，规定亲王府有大门五间，正殿七间，后殿五间，后寝七间，左右有配殿，形成多进四合院，不少府邸有后花园。但许多王府经历沧桑，早已面目全非，只有恭王府是北京现存最完整、布置最精的一座清代王府。著名学者侯仁之先生称之为"一座恭王府，半部清代史"。

恭王府分为平行的东、中、西三路，是世界最大的四合院。中路的三座建筑是府邸的主体，一是大殿，二是后殿，三是延楼，延楼东西长一百六十米，有四十余间房屋。东路和西路各有三个院落，和中路建筑遥相呼应。王府的最后部分是花园，二十多个景区各不相同。

恭王府花园在造园手法上既有中轴线，也有对称手法。全园分为中路、东路、西路三路，成多个院落。中轴上依次是园门、飞来峰、蝠池、安善堂、方池、假山、邀月台、绿天小隐、蝠厅。中路建筑和山水基本对称，东、西两路只是山体对称，建筑不对称。整个园林由六条山龙围合:南面、东面、西面各有两山，中路后部有一山为中龙。

东路以建筑为主。东有两山南北奔趋，两山各在东南和东北转折成围合状。建筑分三个小院。，南面靠东院入，抬头是一精致垂花门，入内为狭长院落，院内当年种竹，正厅为大戏楼之后部，西厢为中路明道堂之后卷，东厢为一排厢房，院西为另一个狭长院落。入口月洞门，曰:吟香醉月。北面是东路的主体建筑大戏楼，戏楼自成一个小院，面积达685平方米，院内有前厅、观众厅、舞台、扮戏房等，厅内装饰豪华，是王府的观戏处。

西路以山水为主。西路的起始部分从飞来峰西走，在南端是两山之间的一个雄关。关名曰:榆关，榆关即长城的山海关，是长城的象征，素有天下第一关之美称，当年，清代皇帝就是从此入关，在园中设此关足以表示园主不忘记清祖从山海关入主中原的丰功伟绩。榆关之前是西路的中心大方池，方池东南角出细流折东与福河相连，大方池之中有一个方形小岛，岛上是观鱼台，以此来喻庄子濠上观鱼之乐的典故;池西是西山;池前有五间堂屋。东出抄手廊与中路滴翠岩的曲廊相接。

全园以福字贯穿，表明主题明显。山势围合有新意，榆关雄峙也有新意，但东部建筑较多，中部曲廊的围合也不够有机，特别是理水较差。从堆石、建筑、植物、格局上看仍有北方园林特点。

恭王府位于什刹海北岸的恭王府是世界最大的四合院，也是今日北京城里，60余座清代王府中保存最完整的一个。分为平行的东、中、西三路。中路的3座建筑是府邸的主体，一是大殿，二是后殿，三是延楼。延楼东西长160米，有40余间房屋。东路和西路各有3个院落，和中路遥相呼应。王府的最后部分是花园，20多个景区各不相同。

恭王府是清道光帝第六子恭忠亲王府第。前身为乾隆时大学士和砷的邸宅。嘉庆四年(1799年)和砷获罪，邸宅入官，嘉庆帝将其一部分赐给其弟庆僖亲王永磷，是为庆王府。以后咸丰市将庆王府收回，转赐其弟奕沂，是为恭王府。咸丰、同治年间曾整修，并在府后添建花园。

由于恭王府有着某些《红楼梦》中所描绘的景物，因此有人说恭王府花园是大观园的蓝本。但是，许多人又提出了不同的意见。

王府的主人奕诉，是一等贵族，所以他的府邸不仅宽大，而且建筑也是最高格制，显示其不可逾越的等级，明显的标志是门脸和房屋数量。亲王府有门脸5间，正殿7间，后殿5间，后寝7间，左右有配殿。低于亲王等级的王公府邸决不能多于这些数字。房屋的形式、屋瓦的颜色也是不能替越的。

恭王府以前的主人是大0相和坤，他修建的庆颐堂模仿了皇帝的宁寿宫，皇帝“加恩赐令自尽”时，这就是其中的一条罪状。

恭王府的建筑，可分为府邸和花园两部分。府邸占地46.5亩，分为中东西三路，各由多进四合院组成，后面环抱着长160余米的通脊二层后罩楼。楼后为花园，占地38.6亩，园内建筑也约略形成中东西三路，园中散置了叠石假山，曲廊亭榭，池塘花木。

中路前部是面阔3间的大门和面阔5间的二门，门里原有正殿银安殿，已毁，现存后殿，即嘉乐堂;东路由三进四合院组成，是恭亲王奕折的起居生活用房;西路正房为锡晋斋，院宇宏大，廊点周接，气派非凡。在三路院落之后，环抱东西长160米的40余间两层后楼，东边名瞻雾楼，西边名宝约楼。楼后即花园--苹锦园，俗称恭王府花园，占地2.8万平方米。园内建筑分中东酉三路，也有约略的轴线，散置叠石假山、曲廊亭榭、水池花木。主要建筑有蝎殿、邀月台、大戏台、沁秋亭等。

各位朋友：

今天我们将要游览的是一处独具特色的旅游景点，它位于北京城的中心，殿宇千门万户，楼阁巍峨庄严，红墙黄瓦，金碧辉煌，素有金色的宫殿之海的美称。您一定猜到了，这就是驰名中外的故宫博物院。

故宫是明、清两面三刀代的皇宫，在这里有明清两代24个帝王登基坐殿，统治中国长达500多年。故宫含金量颗璀璨的明珠镶嵌在北京城的中心，是全城风景最美的一处景观。故宫的西北面有湖光塔景的北海公园;西面是碧波粼粼的中南海;东面有著名的商业街王府井;北面的景山为故宫的屏障。站在景山万春亭上，可以俯瞰故宫的全貌。故宫南面是特殊意义的国门，即天安门广场，它是新中国的象征，第一面五星红旗在此冉冉升起。

故宫是世界著名的旅游景观，被世界教科文组织列为世界文化遗产，它闪烁着东方文明的光辉。

故宫南北长960米，东西宽750米，面积木2万平方米，其中建筑面积15万平方米，有房屋9000余间。很多人都听说故宫有房9999间半的传说，这是因为按《易经〉中讲九是阳极之数，发九为尊，故宫是皇帝的住处自然要作到头了。故宫四周有高10米的城墙。城有四门，南面是正门午门，北为神武门，东有东华门，西有西华门。四角各有一座结构精巧别致的被称作“九梁十八柱七十二条脊“的角楼。城外有长3800米，宽52米的护城河，使故宫自成防御体系，有城中之城的美称。而其护城河长度，也已列入世界之最。

故宫从明代开始作为统治中心，但它的初建者却不是明朝开国皇帝朱元璋而是他的四儿子明成祖朱棣。故宫建在北京城南起永定门北至鼓楼长16华里的中轴线上，南北为主，左右对称，建造中遵循《周礼。考工记》中“前朝后室，左祖右社”的建造原则。故宫在建造手法上突出皇权，其基本做法是突出以前三殿和后三宫为主的中轴线，其他建筑拱卫中央。故宫的建造可以说是集全国的人力物力，木材砖瓦取自全国各地，耗费极其巨大。宫殿内墁地的砖被称作“金砖”，制作工艺极为复杂，从取土到成泥要6道工序，到成砖则需17道工序，最后还要把砖放到桐油里浸泡处理。这种砖铺在地上越磨越亮，由于制作复杂，价格昂贵，在当时一砖合一石米。年以有“金砖”之称。可以说故宫每座宫殿都浸透着人民的血汗它集中体现了我国古代建筑艺术的优秀传统和独特风格，充分反映了我国劳动人民的高度智慧和创造才能。故宫是我国保存到现在最完整，最辉煌的一组皇家建筑群，而今成为著名的旅游景点。

现在展现在我们眼前的这座红墙黄瓦，飞檐宏丽的建筑就是故宫的正门——午门。它平面呈“凹“形，上有崇楼五座，正楼是9开间的重檐庑殿顶大殿，东西是四座重檐四角攒尖顶方形亭楼，各以廊庑相连，辅翼正楼。整个建筑气势巍峨，充分体现了皇帝的威严。午门全部建筑，高下错落，左右映对，势若朱鸟展翅，翱翔天空，故又常被人称作五凤楼。正楼设有宝座，左右设有钟鼓楼，过去皇帝在太和殿举行大典时，钟鼓齐鸣，肃穆森严。

一提起午门，常令人想起“推出午门斩首示众”这句话。其实午门前并未斩过人。因为明朝行刑在西市9今西四)，清代在菜市口，但在这里却打死过人。明代有一种罚刑——廷杖，就在午门下举行。如果大臣触怒皇帝就要被批“逆鳞”。被子批“逆鳞”的大臣被子打掉乌纱帽穿上囚衣推出午门，行刑就在这御路东侧。起初只是象征性的打，主要在于对大臣的羞辱，但到后来则打人至死。正德十四年正德皇帝朱厚照要到江南选美，群臣阻谏。荒淫无度的正德皇帝不但不听，还将舒芬，黄巩等130位大臣廷仗，打死11人。这听起来确实非常残忍，不过要到传统佳节元宵节，这晨却是另一番景象，悬灯结彩赐宴百官，喜气洋洋。

进入午门就开始了宫内的游览，您看前面的河叫金水河，上面五座汉白玉石桥叫内金水桥。五座桥各有用处：正中的叫御路桥，供皇帝走，望宗室亲王走;再外面是品级桥，供文武大臣走。引金水河流过这里，除美观外还有防火作用。一方面故宫内多是木建筑，一旦失火可以用河水扑救;另一方面与我国的五行说相关，南方属火故以水克之，这种例子很多，讲解中将随时介绍给大家。由此可见，故宫不仅是集建筑艺术之大成，也是集中国传统文化之大成。前面这座门叫太和门，门前这对铜狮您能猜出雌雄吗?您猜得不错，东面的是雄狮，前脚踩一绣球，象征权力也象征统一寰宇;西面是雌狮，前脚抚弄一小乳狮，象征子嗣昌盛。门旁所立的图是故宫平面图。大家请看，故宫是由前朝和内廷两部分组成的，前朝以三大殿为主，是皇帝发布政令和举行大典的地方。三大殿后是内廷，有乾清宫，交泰殿，坤宁宫，御花园及东西六宫等，这里是皇帝处理政务，居住享乐的地方。现在故宫的陈列体系分宫廷历史遗迹陈列，东六宫，外东路及三大殿两庑等为古代文化艺术陈列。在故宫这座艺术宝库中收藏有近百万件珍贵文物，占全国700座博物馆藏品总数的六分之一，成为驰名中外的最大的博物馆。这里闪烁着中华民族5000年文化艺术的光辉。昔日的皇宫禁地今天成为人们参观游览的旅游名胜。

现在展现在我们面前的就是规模宏大，气宇轩昂的三大殿。大殿坐落在三层汉白玉石台基上。中国建筑主体是木结构，受材料限制，本身不可能很高，聪明的古代人民采用高大的石台基将大殿托起以增强气势。大家还注意到如此大的广场前没有一棵树，其原因也是为烘托三大殿的高大，故意制造一开阔的空间;另一个原因就是五行相克的体现，金木水土火五行学说中，土居中，树为木，而木克土，如果种树恐怕不利于中央统治。古人在建造故宫时可谓用心良苦。殿前三层汉白玉台阶上有铜鼎18个。露台上分列两旁的铜龟铜鹤寓意龟鹤延年。东面的日晷是古代的计时器，西面的嘉量是中国古代的标准量器，放在这里象征皇帝公正平允。殿前左右各有一对镏金铜缸，是清乾隆年间铸造成的，每缸重约2吨，也称门海，放在这里用于防火，取意缸置于土上，土生金，缸中贮水，金生水，而以水克火。正中的大殿是太和殿，就是人们常说的金銮宝殿。明朝叫奉天殿，皇极殿，清顺治二年改叫太和殿。大殿面宽11间约64米，进深5间约38米，高26。92米，加上台基高度，通高35。03米，大殿面积2377平方米，是我国现存最大的木结构建筑物。殿内宝座四周的6根大柱为蟠龙金漆大柱，金光灿灿，因为这里是宫内最神圣的地方，所以殿顶，彩绘等都采用官式建筑中最高等级。殿内金漆大柱当中就是皇帝的宝座。设在地平床上。宝座左右有对称的形容词象，仙鹤，香筒等陈设，这些都是铜胎嵌丝珐琅制品。座旁有孔雀做的扇。各位抬头请看，宝座上方是金漆蟠龙藻井，藻井为覆斗式，井中有盘龙，龙头下的圆球叫轩辕镜。相传轩辕镜为轩辕氏黄帝所造，将它悬于宝座上象征江山正统，但现在宝座与轩辕镜并不上下相对，据说是复辟皇帝袁世凯登上宝座，抬头见轩辕镜悬在头顶，怕球掉下来将他砸死，于是将宝座后移。轩辕镜下紫宸台上就是楠木金漆雕龙宝座，它是皇权的象征。太和殿内外装饰壮丽豪华，但皇帝并不是天天在这里，只有元旦，冬至，万寿节(皇帝生日)及重大庆典如册立皇后，派大将出征等日子，才来此登临宝座以示尊严。

转过太和殿，眼前这座单檐四角攒尖镏金宝顶的方形殿宇叫中和殿，明朝叫华盖殿，中极殿，顺治二年改名中和殿。大殿深广均为5间，长宽均为24。15米。皇帝到太和殿举行大典前，先在此小憩，接受内阁大臣等官员朝拜，然后再去太和殿。皇帝到天，地，日，月坛，祭祀的前一天要来此看祭文，到农家坛亲耕要先来此阅视种子，农具。清朝皇帝每10年修一次玉牒，要在此举行隆重的仪式，殿内陈列着乾隆年间的两顶肩舆，就是轿，也就是人们俗称的八抬大轿。中和殿后是保各殿，面宽9间，进兴5间。它的功用有很多，其中最值得一提的是就是殿试。这是封建科举制度中最高一级考试。被录取的进进士，前三名称鼎甲三元即状元，榜眼，探花，其他称“进士出身”或“同进士出身”能参加殿试是很不容易的，要经过童试，乡试，会试三级考试录取后才是殿试。如果一个文人在各级考试中都是第一名叫连中三元，那是很了不起的事情。我国自随代开始的科举制度一直延续到本世纪，最后一次科举在1904年就是光绪三十年举行，最后一们状元叫刘春霖，自称是第一人中的最后一人。保和殿后位于丹陛御路上的大云龙石雕，是故宫内乃至全国最大的一块石雕塑，长16。57米，宽3。07米，厚1。7米。重约250吨。产自北京郊区房山。如此大的石板在当时没有现代机械设备情况下运输极为困难，当时人们采用在路上泼水冻冰用滚木等方法进行运输。

现在我们所在的这个东西横向的广场叫乾清门广场，它是前朝与内廷的分界地带。内廷是皇帝的居住区，这座门叫乾清门，清康熙皇帝曾在此御门听政。乾清门内就是总称后三宫的乾清宫，交泰殿，坤宁宫。乾清，坤宁象征天地乾坤。乾清宫东西两面的日精门，月华门象征日月。围墙外东西六宫象征十二星辰。后面众多建筑象征众星。这些象征日月星辰的建筑均拱卫皇帝居住的象征天的乾清宫，以显示一辈子受命于天皇帝尊严。这后宫就是民间所说的三宫六院七十二妃三千佳丽所居住的皇宫内院，现面我们到里面细看。

乾清门内的这第一座大殿就是乾清宫，面宽9间，是皇帝的寝宫和日常活动的地方，一直到雍正皇帝以后才将寝宫移到养心殿。这儿是皇帝的寝宫，也是夺权斗争最激烈的地方，明代的壬寅宫变，红丸案，移宫案等宫闱大案都有发生在此。各位抬头请看宫内高悬的“正大光明”匾就是宫内斗争的产物。匾后是藏秘密立储匣的地方。有人说正大光明匾一点也不正大光明，就是因为雍正皇帝上台后有传闻，说他是串通隆科多等人篡改遗诏当皇帝的。此事真假不用深考，不过秘密立储确是由雍正朝开始。雍正上台后深感其父康熙皇帝在立储问题上几废几立，造成诸皇子明争暗斗朝臣互相倾轧，对中央统治不利，于是改为秘密方式立储。方法是事先写两份遗诏，一份带在身上，一份藏于“正大光明”匾后，皇帝晏驾后，将两份遗诏校对后再宣布继位者。乾隆等皇帝都是这样继位的。

乾清宫后是交泰国殿，它的形制与中和殿相同，这里是皇后在冬至，元旦，千秋节受贺的地方。现在这里存有玉玺25块，放置25块的寓意是从《周易》“天数二十有五”之说而来的，而且1。3。5。7。9这五个阳数之各也是25，殿内高悬的“无为”二是康熙亲笔所写，取意“无为而治”。殿内的内宫不可干政的铁牌也是康熙皇帝鉴于明亡的教训而立的，只可惜到清末依然出了安德海，李莲英等太监弄权误国。交泰殿后的坤宁宫原来是皇后的寝宫，后来皇帝移居养心殿，皇后移居体顺堂，这里成为祭神的地方。请大家到东面来，透过玻璃可以看到东暖阁内有龙凤喜床，床有有象征多子多福的百子帐，这里是皇帝大婚的洞房，一派喜气景象。

出坤宁宫我们现在来到御花园，这里是皇帝皇后休息游玩的地方。当中的大殿叫钦安殿，这是宫内惟一的道教建筑。道貌岸然家认为北方属水，所驼个殿内供的是道貌岸然教北方之神玄武大帝。这座御花园面积1。2万平方米，东西130米，南北90多米，以主建筑欠安殿为中心，左右对称，前后呼应，分布着10余座亭台楼阁曲池水榭。位于园子四角的象征春夏秋冬的万春亭，浮碧亭，千秋亭，澄瑞亭，同是亭子但形态各异还有收藏《四库全书荟要》的离藻堂，堆秀山上的御景亭等。其音点缀着苍松翠柏奇花异石，是皇家园林中的典范。规整中见变化：规整是指布局上四平八稳，变化指建筑风格变化多样，在一万多平方米范围内容纳十几种风格不同的建筑，各们倘佯其间才能细细品味。

我们现在走出的这座高大城门叫神武门，是故宫的后门，至此宫内的游览结束了，但是紫禁城的建筑并未结束，您看对面高43米的景山，它是紫禁城的屏障，与前面的金水河遥相呼应，构成中国建筑背山面水的传统格局，我们乘着游兴登上山项万春亭俯瞰故宫。看看这金碧辉煌的世界奇观。

大家好，欢迎来到故宫参观，我姓陈，您们叫我陈导就行了。我先给大家介绍一下故宫的概况，之后介绍太和殿、中和殿、保和殿、乾清宫、和。故宫，又名紫禁城，是我国重要的历史保护文物，1987年被联合国教科文组织列入“世界文化遗产”名录。

紫禁城的由来有两种说法，第一种是依照中国古代星象学说：北极星在中天，故宫正好对着北极星，天人对应;第二种是：因为故宫是紫色的，又是禁城，所以故宫又称紫禁城。明代第三位皇帝朱棣开始营造这座宫殿，到明永乐十八年(1420年)落成。

在之后五百多年里，共有24位皇帝在那里生活居住。紫禁城周围有高10m的城墙和宽52m的护城河。城南北长961m，东西宽753m，占地面积达72万。

故宫建筑布局沿中轴线向两侧展开，宫殿建筑总面积达163，000。太和殿是皇上召集大臣上朝和商议国家大事的地方。自1420年建成后屡遭焚毁，又多次重建，这天看到的是清代康熙三十四年(1695年)重建的。太和殿建筑面积2377，相当于50个教室，高35.05m，相当于10层楼那么高，为紫禁城内规模最大的殿宇。

太和殿装饰十分豪华，殿内金砖铺地，设有宝座。说是金砖，但是金砖不是用金子做的，金砖是专供宫殿使用的一种高质量的铺地方砖，产自苏州、松江等地，选料精良，制作工艺复杂。因其质地坚细，敲起来发出金属般声音，故名金砖。太和殿前有宽阔的平台，称为丹陛，俗称月台。月台上陈设日晷、嘉量各一，铜龟、铜鹤各一对，铜鼎18座。大家往太和殿两侧看，是不是有很多个大水缸?它是干什么的呢，对了，是灭火的。大水缸的下面有一个凹槽，是因为冬天水会结冰，往凹槽里放火把就能不让水结冰。

太和殿是故宫里最总要重要的宫殿，许多历史决策都是从那里出去的。太和殿后是中和殿，是皇上上朝前休息的地方。保和殿位于中和殿后，是殿试的地方。考试的第一名叫状元，第二名称为磅眼，第三名是探花。不知皇帝端坐在上上面，考生是不是会紧张的发抖。皇帝把殿试安排在宫殿内，可见皇帝是多莫重视殿试。

故宫后半部分是皇帝和妃子们生活和居住的地方。乾清宫是后宫最大的宫殿，是皇上的寝宫。宫内宝座上方悬“正大光明”匾，据传皇帝把自己立的太子名字放在“正大光明”匾后，用这种方法确定皇位继承人，减少为争夺皇位自相惨杀。

坤宁宫是皇后的寝宫，它是唯一一座在中轴线上的妃子的寝宫，也是距离乾清宫最近的，体现了皇后在后宫中至高无上的地位，“一个成功男人的背后总有一个成功的女人”这句话在那里得到了印证。在坤宁宫前有个小的宫殿交泰殿，它是皇后在千秋节日收贺礼的地方。我们参观的只是中轴线上的重要宫殿，中轴线的.后面是御花园，两旁还有一些宫殿，前半部分是以太和殿为中心，后半部分是一些妃子和宫女的寝宫。此刻解说完毕，请大家自由参观。

各位游客大家好，我是_旅行社的导游员，在接下来的几天当中，我将陪伴大家共同游览北京的名胜风景，希望通过我的讲解，能够是您对北京留下非常美好的印象，同时也希望您能对我的工作提出宝贵的意见。好，现在我们就开始今天的游览行程吧。

北京故宫在建造过程中，征集了全国10万名能工巧匠和民夫50万人，而建筑材料都来自全国各地，比如汉白玉石来北京房山，金砖来自苏州，石灰来自河北易州，五色虎皮石来自河北蓟县盘山，殿基所用的精砖石来自山东临清，松木多来自东北，而楠木多来自四川、云贵、浙江等地，可见当时工程的浩大。

故宫基本上是按照明中都皇宫的蓝图而修建的，布局规划遵循了《周礼·考工计》的都城设计礼制：前朝后寝，左祖右社。大致分为南北两个部分，南半部位前朝，北半部则为后寝。前朝是以太和、中和、保和三大殿为中心，文华殿和武英殿为东西两翼，是皇帝举行朝会的地方。而后寝则是以乾清、交泰、坤宁这后三殿以及东西六宫、御花园为中心，外东路、外西路的建筑为主，是皇帝处理日常政务和后宫皇妃居住、祭祀的地方。左祖右社是这样布局的：在午门外东侧是皇帝祭祖的场所太庙，西侧则是祭社稷的场所社稷坛。

按照这种布局建筑而成的故宫就是明清两代24位皇帝的皇宫，其中明朝14位，清朝10位，统治时间总共长达五个世纪。由于它在中国历史上的特殊地位和它精美的建筑群体，所以在1987年被联合国教科文组织收录到了《世界文化遗产名录》当中，成为世界上规模最大、保存最完整的宫殿建筑群。现在在北京有一条贯穿南北的中轴线，被梁思成先生称为伟大的中轴线，全长8.5公里，南起永定门，北到钟楼，其中包括故宫在内的皇城就占了三分之一。这条中轴线也叫做龙脉，线上的景山是内城的中心点，也是故宫的镇山。

我们有时候还把故宫叫做紫禁城，而它的名称是怎样得来的呢?我国古代天文学家把天上的主要恒星分为三垣、四象和二十八星宿。三垣是太微垣、紫微垣和天市垣。其中紫薇垣居中，是天上皇帝所居住的地方，称为紫宫。封建帝王自称是天帝的儿子，所以他们也把自己居住的皇宫象征为天上的紫宫。而且皇帝居住的地方戒备森严，不许庶民百姓接近，是绝对的禁地，又称为禁宫，所以这里也被叫做紫禁城。这里共有四道门，分别是午门、神武门、东华门和西华门。而紫禁城的正门就是午门，因为在罗盘上，上午的代表正南，所以午门也是南大门的意思。它的平面呈“凹”字型，从汉代的门阙形制演变过来。

恭亲王府原是“千古第一贪”的和珅的家，后被嘉庆帝立下二十四条罪状，抄了他的家充公。因最后一任主人是恭亲王爱新觉罗?奕讠斤，所以称为恭亲王府。

北京城两龙脉，一是京城中轴线，二是护城河。故宫就坐落在中轴线的头上。而恭亲王府就坐落在两龙脉相交之处。和珅曾大言不惭说：“皇上坐龙头，我坐龙尾。龙头虽掌大局，却还要龙尾行大事。”听听，和珅野心之勃勃，真不愧“千古第一贪”!

恭亲王府内，有九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。这“蝙蝠”并不是真实的蝙蝠，而形似蝙蝠的建筑。和珅想让自己很幸福，便取“福”的谐音字“蝠”，建了九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。

进门后，首先映入眼帘的，便是一只硕大的“蝙蝠”。这是一只形似蝙蝠的池塘，名曰“福池”。池岸边随意错落着假山碎石。福池周围栽满了榆树，榆树的果、叶形似铜钱，每当铜钱般的果、叶掉入福池时，和珅就会笑哈哈：“天上掉下的钱，进入我的‘聚宝盆’，地上的钱也是流入我和珅的囊袋中。”这话可真不假!

我们顺着福池潺潺流水走，便来一扇门前。这是一扇精美绝伦的西洋门，色彩鲜艳，做工精细。据说这也是他二十四条罪状之一。因为这一扇西洋门是仿造皇家园林——万寿园里的西洋门造的。

进了西洋门，绕过“送子观音”石雕，便是和珅家的戏园了。戏园前是一片花园，修剪整齐的灌木丛中开着些许花儿。《环珠格格》中“香妃戏蝶”这出戏就是在这里拍摄的。全北京城只有两处是满地青砖，一是故宫的太和殿，二便是和珅家的戏台了。因为青砖的扩音效果十分好，所以在戏台上唱戏不需要任何扩音工具，偌大的戏场人人都能听到音乐，能站在遍地青砖的戏台上为和珅等权贵大臣唱戏也是一种殊荣了。

穿过雕刻精细的朱栏长廊，便来到了和珅的书斋。书斋四面假山竹林环合，清幽宁静。整个恭亲王府，就它不是用石砖砌的。这座书斋是用一种特殊的竹料建成的，冬暖夏凉，和珅最爱待在这里了。

出书斋，前面那座十分大气的建筑就是正殿——和珅会客的地方。要上正殿，有一条很特别的路，只有一节阶梯，然后就是一条笔直平缓的坡路，因为和珅说过他这一世，只有年少时吃过苦，然后就一路平步青云，登上了“一人之下，万人之上”的权势颠峰。我们可以跨过最底下的一节阶梯，免吃一点苦，直接“平步青云”。

有这样一个故事：当年孝庄太后年老病重之时，极其爱戴她的皇孙——康熙帝，心情极其郁闷。他让侍女苏麻喇姑准备好纸笔，大笔一挥，写了一个“福”字。写完之后，玄烨和苏麻喇姑看着那个“福”字惊呆了——那个字苍劲有力，十分潇洒。细一看，竟看见了多个词组：多田，多子，多才，多寿……这不就是皇祖母的心愿吗?康熙帝越看越满意，便命人把这个“福”字拓在一块巨石上。结果，久病多时的太皇太后很快康复了!康熙帝大喜，决定将这块饱含吉祥福瑞气息的巨石代代相传，让爱新觉罗家族世代昌盛。

只可惜传到乾隆手中，就被别人偷出了皇宫。这个人就是和珅。现在这块福石就在我们正殿脚下，只露出写有“福”字的一面。这个“福”便是恭亲王府的第一万个福，寓意“万福”。和珅还神气地说：“皇上是‘万岁’，我是‘万福’!”后来，嘉庆帝抄他家时，本想把福石搬回皇宫，可还是没有搬成。和珅太狡猾了，他用石块砌了一座形似蝙蝠的福山，在“福”字左右各砌了一条龙，寓意“龙坐江山”，嘉庆帝不想自毁“江山”，便把福石留了下来。

各位游客，大家好!欢迎你们到北京故宫来游玩。我是故宫导游公司的导游，大家可以叫我“高导”。非常荣幸能为大家在故宫提供导游服务，希望我的陪伴能让您度过愉快的一天，也能让您真正感受到北京故宫这个美丽的地方的魅力。

北京故宫，旧称紫禁城。位于北京中轴线的中心，是明朝和清朝的皇宫，占地面积约15万平方米，是世界上现存规模最大、保存最完整的木质结构的宫殿型建筑。

接下来，我们来到的是故宫四个门中的北门，名神武门。你们瞧，面对神武门的，是用土、石、筑成的景山。景山上松柏成林，草木茂盛，一片生机勃勃的样子。除了北门神武门，故宫还有三座门。正门名午门，东门的名字是东华门，而西门，就是和东门对应的西华门。

故宫的主要建筑是太和殿、中和殿和保和殿，请大家随我进去细细观赏。故宫宫殿建筑均是木结构，黄琉璃瓦屋顶，青白石底座，饰以金碧辉煌的彩画。请你们仔细瞧，这些彩画，没有一幅是马马虎虎完成的，它们都是能工巧匠精心绘制，每一幅画都是色彩鲜丽，美轮美奂。

故宫1987年被列为世界文化遗产，请大家参观游览时注意保护文物。接下来请大家自由参观。小高在这里衷心祝愿大家旅途愉快，收获多多!

Hello everyone! Today Ill take you to Prince Gongs mansion. You can callme director Chen.

The building of Prince Gongqins mansion can be divided into two parts: themansion and the garden. After entering the gate and standing in the courtyard,we will find that the mansion of Prince Gongqins mansion is composed of manyquadrangles. I saw houses lined up on both sides. The four corners of the houseare pointed, the house is gray, and there are carved bat statues on the roof.After walking through the Zhengyang gate, you come to the back garden. There aremany kinds of flowers in the back garden, including green bamboo and pink rose.There is also an artificial lake in the shape of a bat. It shows the nobilityand luxury of the royal family. Bat shaped objects and carved bats can be seeneverywhere in Prince Gongqins residence, because he Yao is a Hui people, andbats bat is homonymous with blessings blessing. He was very clever and likedby the emperor. At that time, he was among the top ten thousand people under theemperor. The emperor prayed for long live, and he wanted to be blessed.According to records, there were 9999 bats large and small in Prince Gongsmansion. Together with the blessing stele in the back garden, the blessing wasjust Wanfu.

There are three treasures in Prince Gongs mansion. The first is thetreasure house. It is 156 meters long and has 108 rooms. The rear window of eachroom is different. It is speculated that it is the mark used by He Yao todistinguish the categories of treasures, because so many treasures have noaccount books. These treasures are equivalent to one billion taels of silver.Its a lot more than the Treasury at that time. The second is the gate to theback garden, which is called the western gate. It is hand carved with whitejade. It was the only arch in China at that time. The third is the theater,because emperor Qianling often came to the theater. So it became famous.

One treasure is the word "Fu" written by Emperor Kangxi. The word "Fu" iscomposed of Zi, Cai, duo, Shou and Tian. It means more sons, more talents, morelongevity and more fields. Because the emperor of Qianling doted on he Lu, hegave this stele to him.

This is the end of todays one-day tour of Prince Gongqins residence.Welcome to our next visit.

大家好，欢迎大家在今天下午参观我们中国最大的宫殿群——故宫。我叫何朝振，今天就有我陪您度过下午的美妙旅程。

故宫位于北京市中心，旧称紫禁城。是明、清两代的皇宫，无与伦比的古代建筑杰作，世界现存最大、最完整的古建筑群。被誉为世界五大宫之首。故宫始建于公元1406年，1420年基本竣工，是明朝皇帝朱棣始建。故宫南北长961米，东西宽753米，面积约为723,600平方米。建筑面积15.5万平方米。相传故宫一共有9999.5间，实际据1973年专家现场测量故宫有大小院落90多座，房屋有980座，共计8707间。宫城周围环绕着高12米，长3400米的宫墙，形式为一长方形城池，墙外有52米宽的护城河环绕，形成一个森严壁垒的城堡。故宫有4个门，正门名午门，东门名东华门，西门名西华门，北门名神武门。大家注意了，我们现在所处的就是故宫的最北边——神武门。走进神武门，穿过顺贞门，摆在我们面前的是一副很大的壁画，这就是由集福门、延和门、承光门围合的牌楼坊门，而它的后面，也就是南面，就是我们著名的御花园。明代永乐十五年(1417)始建，十八年建成，名为“宫后苑”。清雍正朝起，称“御花园”。位于紫禁城中轴线的北端。园墙内东西宽135米，南北深89米,占地12015平方米。园内建筑采取了中轴对称的布局。东西两路建筑基本对称，园内建筑多倚围墙，只以少数精美造型的亭台立于园中，空间舒广。

大家好欢迎来到世界遗产长城，我是钟鑫雨大家能够叫我小钟。长城是世界的遗产，它无比的长，像一条长龙盘旋在山腰，长城是古代劳动人民建筑的，只要想到有很多人死在那里，情绪就无比的沉重。

那是没有举重机等一切有用的工具，机器，只靠无数双手无数肩膀，不怕严寒酷暑，付出多少人民的鲜血才凝结成这前不见头后不见尾的万里长城。所以请游客们保护好我们的万里长城。小朋友们请紧跟着大家走，以免走丢，也不要在洁白的墙砖上乱涂乱画，这是对古代劳动人民的不尊重。

长城有很多的景点，说也说不完看也看不够。此刻请大家尽情的去欣赏长城的美景吧!也请大家在游玩的时候不要乱丢果皮纸屑等一切垃圾，否则我们美丽的长城就变成垃圾厂了，如果乱丢果皮，别人踩到就会滑倒，为了游客们的安全问题，请不要到危险的地方去玩耍拍照。长城的美景等待着你们，快去参观吧!下午三点在那里集合，祝大家玩的愉快!