故宫的导游词作文精选20篇

各位游客：

大家好，我叫马知行，是这一次带领大家游览故宫的导游。下面我简单的给大家介绍一下故宫：

故宫1987年被列为世界文化遗产。它又称紫禁城，是明清两代的皇宫，故宫是世界上现存规模最大最完整的古代木结构建筑群，为我国现存最大最完整的古建筑群。它始建于明永乐四年(公元1420xx年)，历时20xx年才完工，共有24位皇帝先后在此登基。

故宫占地72万多平方米，共有宫殿9000多间，最吸引人的建筑是三座大殿：太和殿、中和殿和保和殿。它们都建在汉白玉砌成的8米高的台基上，远望犹如神话中的琼宫仙阙。

游览故宫，一是欣赏丰富多彩的建筑艺术;二是观赏陈列于室内的珍贵文物。故宫博物院藏有文物100万件。

游览故宫，可以从天安门进，也可以由后门——神武门进。我们今天选择从天安门进，用半天时间游故宫，大家会玩得比较累，请各位游客要有思想准备。

下面是自由游览的时间，现在是中午12点，请大家晚上6点在神武门集中，我会在那等着各位。祝大家玩得开心，谢谢大家!

大家好，欢迎大家来到北京。北京有许多名胜古迹，今天我带领大家参观的是著名的故宫。我是大家的导游，我姓胡，大家可以叫我胡导，但大家请放心，我决不会给大家“胡导”的。这位是我们的司机师傅，也姓胡。所以，本次参观就由我们“二胡”组合来为大家服务。

我们现在正在去故宫的路上，借着这点时间，我先给大家介绍一下故宫。故宫是我国现存最大最完整的皇宫，在世界上堪称最为壮丽的古代建筑群，已有近620xx年的历史。故宫是我国明、清两代24个皇帝的皇宫。故宫的建筑布局分为外朝和内廷。外朝是皇帝举行大典和召见大臣的主要场所，内廷是皇帝处理日常政务和后妃及幼年皇子居住游玩的地方。故宫共有宫殿9000多间，雕梁画柱，金碧辉煌，非常华丽威严。

好，现在我们已经到达停车场，请大家跟随我进入故宫。在进门之前，我要提醒大家：面对我们祖先留下的这些珍贵文物时，要格外珍惜，不要损坏。

最后，祝大家本次参观玩的开心。

各位游客们：

大家好！我叫李雨果，大家怎么称呼我呢？叫我李导就行了，很高兴我能陪同大家一起参观故宫。

北京故宫位于北京市中心，是明清两代的皇宫，故宫有称为“紫禁城”。故宫经历有明清两个朝代和24个皇帝。故宫规模宏大，西东宽750米，南北长960米，占地72万平方米，建筑积15万多平方米，有房屋1000多间，是世界历史上最大最完整的古代建筑。进了故宫的大门，你就会看见五座汉白玉石桥，为什么是五座，而不是七座、八座，甚至十座呢？原来，古时候的皇帝都必须带有仁、义、礼、智、信这种特点，所以才是五座石桥的。桥上有上百根石柱，柱子上刻着无数的小狮子，那么多的小狮子，有的颔首低眉，好像是忧闷而不开心的样子，有的张牙武爪，好像是展示自己的威武。 故宫的御花园，原名宫后椀，占地一万二千平方米。以鉄安殿为中心，园林建筑采用石砖来修建，左右对称的格砖紧凑。殿东北的堆秀山上筑御景亭，每年重阳节，皇上就在此登高。

好了游客们我们在这里歇一会，休息一下，你们也可以拍下自己喜欢的景点，注意卫生和安全。

故宫由外朝与内廷两部分组成。外朝以太和殿(金銮殿)、中和殿、保和殿三大殿为中心，东西以文华殿、武英殿为两翼，是皇帝处理政事、举行重大庆典的地方。内廷以乾清宫(皇帝卧室)、交泰殿、坤宁殿(皇帝结婚新房)为中心，东西两翼有东六宫、西六宫(皇纪宫室)，辅以养心殿、奉先殿、斋宫、毓庆宫、宁寿宫、慈宁宫以及御花园等，是皇帝平日处理政务及皇帝、皇后、皇太后、纪嫔、皇子、公主居住、礼佛、读书和游玩的地方。

总体布局为中轴对称，前三殿、后三宫坐落于全城中轴线上，气势雄伟，豪华壮观，为我国现存的最大、最完整的古建筑群，也是世界上别具一格，辉煌壮丽，并具中国古典风格和东方格调的建筑物和世界上最大的皇宫。1920xx年辛亥革命，推翻了满清统治，结束了20xx多年的封建王朝，但被废帝博仪仍居住在故宫后半部分。1920xx年将外朝辟为“古物陈列所”。1920xx年11月5日冯玉祥部将鹿钟麟把博仪驱逐出宫。1920xx年10月10日成立故宫博物院。

它的特产有：白煮肉、鸭掌、刷羊肉、烤鸭、灌肠、豆汁……

大家好！我叫陈乐，是大家的导游，大家可以叫我陈导。今天，我们要观光世界遗产——北京故宫。

现在我给大家介绍一下。故宫，又称紫禁城，是明清两代的皇宫，故宫是世界是现存规模最大最完整的古代木结构建筑群，为我国现存最大最完整的古代木结构建筑群。它始建于明永乐四年（公元1460年），厉时十四年才完工，共有24位皇帝先后在此登基。历史很悠久。紫禁城占地72万多平方米，共有宫殿9000多间，都是黄琉璃瓦顶、青白石底座，饰以金碧辉煌的彩画。故宫标志着我们祖国悠久的文化传统，显示着五百多年前匠师们在建筑上的卓越成就。我们到了，大家请下车。您看，这就是故宫里最吸引人的建筑是三座大殿：太和殿、中和殿和保和殿。它们建在汉白玉砌成的8米高的台基上，远望犹如神话中的琼宫仙阙，都有黄琉璃瓦顶、青白石底座，金碧辉煌的彩画，。

第一座大殿太和殿是最富丽堂皇的建筑，俗称“金銮殿”，是皇帝举行大典的地方，殿高28米，东西63米，南北35米，柱子是沥粉金漆的蟠龙柱。御座设在殿内高2米的台上，前有造型美观的仙鹤、炉、鼎，后面有精雕细刻的围屏。整个大殿装饰得金碧辉煌，庄严绚丽。中和殿是皇帝去太和殿举行大典前稍事休息和演习礼仪的地方。保和殿是每年除夕皇帝赐宴外藩王公的场所。

接下来我们去故宫博物院吧。跟大家说，故宫博物院藏有大量珍贵文物，据统计总共达1052653件之多，统称有文物100万件，占全国文物总数的1/6，其中有很多是绝无仅有的国宝。在几个宫殿中设立了历代艺术馆、珍宝馆、钟表馆等。故宫博物院里有一套清代金银珠云龙纹甲胄，通身缠绕着16条龙，形状生动，穿插于云朵之间。甲胄是用约60万个小钢片连结起来的，每个钢片厚约1毫米，长4毫米，宽1。5毫米，钻上小孔，以便穿线连结。据说，为制造这套甲胄，共用了4万多个工时。

接下来请各位慢慢欣赏故宫。注意有带小孩的家长看好孩子，请大家互相照顾。要保护珍惜文物。祝大家玩得开心，再见！

大家好，欢迎大家来到故宫游玩，我是今天的导游:邵，大家以后可以叫我小邵，今天我们来游览太和殿、中和殿和御花园这三处景点。

首先我来说一下进入故宫的注意事项:

1、要注意自己的人身安全和财物安全。

2、不要乱扔垃圾，注意

环保

3、保护文物，不要乱写乱画。

下面我来介绍一下故宫，故宫位于北京市中心，南北长961米，东西宽753米，面积是15.5万平方米，是世界上现存最大、最完整的古建筑群，故宫是明、清两代皇家居住的地方，据说居住过24位皇帝。

我们先进入午门，大家面前的就是太和殿，太和殿是皇帝与朝中大臣商议朝事是的地点。

咱们继续往前走，现在在大家面前的是中和殿，中和殿是皇上赶赴太和殿时稍作休息的地方。

最后在大家眼前的就是御花园，相传当时的御花园都是有图案的鹅卵石做成的，当时的太后慈禧看着上面的图案十分有趣，便命人照着上面的火车图案做了一个，但她感觉让火车开起来太可怕了，便让人拉着火车跑，自己坐在上面。御花园到后来就变成了宫中娘娘们赏花、娱乐的地点。

我的介绍完毕了，祝大家玩得愉快，再见!

各位游客们，大家好!，在繁华的沈阳古城中心，有一座巍峨庄严的清代宫殿建筑群。那里就是我们这天的目的地――沈阳故宫。

依建筑时光和布局，沈阳故宫的建筑可分为三部分，它们分别是东路、中路、西路。这天，我们就按这个顺序。首先参观东路建筑。沈阳故宫以其独特的建筑艺术和特殊的历史而闻名中外，在这片绚丽多彩，雄伟多姿的建筑群中，最古老，最具特色的就是我们面前的大政殿。

大政殿草创于1620xx年，是处理国家政务和举行庆典活动的主要场所之一。大政殿为八角重檐攒尖式建筑，外形近似满族早期在山林中狩猎时所搭的帐篷。在大政殿的房脊上，还饰有八个蒙古力士，牵引着八条铁链，象征着“八方归一”。正门前的大柱上，盘旋着两条翘首扬爪的金龙，是受汉族敬天畏龙思想的影响，以龙代表天子的至尊无上。大政殿建筑特点的多样性，体现了多民族文化的融合。金龙盘柱，尽显中原之风;八位力士又流露了浓郁的蒙古色彩;而亭帐式的风貌，则是满族古老文化的延续。作为最早使用和最为重要的宫殿之一。许多重大历史事件都以大政殿为舞台上演。1643年，六岁的顺治皇帝在大政殿继承帝位，并于次年在此颁布了出兵令，命摄政王多尔哀兵入山海关直捣中原，最终完成了满清一代的一统大业。

大政殿两侧南向，十王亭呈燕翅排列。错落有致，如众星拱月，南宽北狭，似无穷无尽，象征兵多将广，万世绵延。十王亭是清朝入关前左右翼王和八旗旗主在皇宫内办公的地方。它们与大政殿构成了一组亭子式的院落建筑，反映了满族独特的军政体制――八旗制度，这在中国的历史上堪称独步天下。远在努尔哈赤立国之初，凡遇军国大事都由汗王与八旗贝勒大臣共同讨论决定。努尔哈赤定都沈阳后，在修建宫殿时便将这种“君臣合署办公”的制度固定化。以建筑的形式表现了八旗制度和“八和硕贝勒共治国政”的政体及军事民主的思想。因而构成了大政殿、十五亭这组独特的建筑，为中国宫殿建筑史写下了空前的一页。

各位朋友，此刻我们来到了中路。从1620xx年皇太极继承汗位，即续建皇宫，构成沈阳故宫的中路建筑。中路建筑前起大清门，后至清宁宫，院落三进，独成一体。大清门是沈阳故宫的正门，为皇帝临朝前，文武百官候朝的地方。它便是演义小说中俗称的“午朝门”。大清门的屋顶满铺黄琉璃瓦并衬以绿色剪边，既保留了以黄为尊的传统观念，又体现了满族对故乡山林的深厚眷念。从而构成了区别北京故宫的一个特点――宫殿顶覆以黄琉璃瓦镶以绿色剪边。穿过大清门，北望便是崇政殿。崇政殿俗称“金銮殿”，是清太宗皇太极举行日常朝会的地方。1635年，皇太极下令将族名‘女真”改为“满洲”。1636年皇太极在崇政殿登基称帝，上尊号“宽温仁圣”，将国号“金”改为“清”年号“天聪”改为“崇德”。

各位朋友，古代宫殿建筑布局讲究“前朝后寝”。看过了皇帝上朝的金銮殿，请大家随我去参观帝后的寝宫。穿过崇政殿两侧的左右翊门，举目可见位于3。8米高台之上的凤凰楼。楼后为帝后寝居的后宫――台上五宫。与崇政殿比较又构成了沈阳故宫不一样于北京故宫的特点――“宫高殿低”。而北京故宫则恰恰相反，是“殿高官低”。

凤凰楼为宴饮、议事之所，是当年沈阳城的最高建筑，诗称“欲穷千里目，更上一层楼”可谓十分贴切。登上凤凰楼俯瞰四周，万般景物尽收眼底，可饱览盛京全景，也可观赏日出。“凤楼晓日”是当年著名的盛京八景之一。凤凰楼门洞上方悬有“紫气东来”匾，为乾隆皇帝御笔。而乾隆皇帝则是借用这个典故寓意大清的国运兴起于东方。

各位朋友，穿过凤凰楼底层的通道后，我们就进入了后妃居住的台上五官。台上五官是清宁宫、关雎宫、麟趾宫、衍庆宫、永福宫。

此刻请大家随我参观皇太极和皇后的寝宫――清宁宫。清宁宫东梢门称“暖阁”，是帝后的卧室。暖阁内分南北二室，二室均设火炕。1643年八月初九，皇太极在暖阁内驾崩，终年52岁，后葬于沈阳昭陵，即北陵。

清宁东次间开门，是典型的满族民居――口袋房，西四门南西北三面都设火炕，称“万字炕”。与汉族有所不一样的是，满族人将烟囱建在屋后，而且从地面向上垒起。这种“口袋房，万字炕、烟囱竖在地面上”的建筑特点具有浓郁的满族风格了。

各位朋友，此刻请随我去参观西路建筑。西路建于1782年至1783年，主要包括：戏台、嘉荫堂、文溯阁等。说起文溯阁，我们不能不提到乾隆皇帝和《四库全书》。出于加强文化统治的需要，乾隆皇帝于1772年下诏访求天下藏书，历经十余年时光编成一部大型丛书。该书分经、史、子、集四部，所以称为《四库全书》。书修成后，抄录七部，在全国建七座藏书阁分别收藏，沈阳故宫的文溯阁便是其中之一。提起宫殿建筑，我们很容易想起“红墙绿瓦”、“金壁辉煌’这类词汇。而文溯阁却与众不一样，屋顶用黑琉璃瓦镶绿剪边，整个建筑以黑绿两色为主色调，这与它的用途是分不开的。文溯阁藏书忌火，依据五行字说立色配饰，装修取《易经》“北方壬癸水”其色属黑，因此屋顶用黑色琉璃瓦，寓意水从天降，消灭火灾。文溯阁外观为两层，内部实为三层，书架上的木盒称函匣，用于收藏书籍。目前文溯阁的《四库全书》保存在甘肃省图书馆。

看到那里，我们这天的参观已经接近尾声。沈阳故宫的三路建筑是分期建造的，布局却是一气呵成，完整和谐。个性是三路建筑分别代表了“八和硕贝勒共治国政”、“皇太极南面独尊”、“康乾盛世”三个时期社会发展的基本特征。“建筑是凝固的历史”，从总体来看，沈阳故宫以建筑的方式反映了满族政权和满族社会由崛起――兴盛一高度发展的历史进程。

各位游客，我们这天的参观就要结束了，期望故宫之行能给您留下完美的回忆。

游客朋友们好!欢迎游览沈阳故宫。

沈阳故宫，是中国现存两座古代帝王宫殿之一，也是仅存的满族风格宫殿建筑群，具有很高的历史价值、文化价值和艺术价值。20xx年联合国教科文组织正式将沈阳故宫列入《世界遗产名录》。也是国家4A级景区、国家重点文物保护单位。

故宫，即旧时宫殿，沈阳故宫始建于后金天命十年。先后经过3次大规模建设，形成了东中西三路格局。其中东路为老罕王努尔哈赤进沈阳以后修建;中路为努尔哈赤的儿子清太宗皇太极继位以后兴建;西路则为清朝中期乾隆皇帝东巡和为了安放《四库全书》而修建。全部建筑70余座，300余间，组成20多组院落。作为我国现存保存最完好的两座宫殿之一，与北京故宫遥相呼应，却又有着与北京故宫截然不同的建筑风格和格局样式。那么我们今天就来领略一下昔日皇宫的风采。

沈阳故宫东路

东路建筑，主要有大政殿和十王亭。从建筑格局上看他们都是“亭子式”建筑，好像11座帐殿排列在广场中。这种建筑形式脱胎于女真等游牧民族中的帐殿制在皇宫建筑上的反应。其排列形式正是努尔哈赤崛起之初实行军政合一的八旗制度决定的。

大政殿

大政殿，俗称八角殿，又叫“大衙门”。外高18米是一座八角重檐攒尖顶“亭子式”建筑，下有约1.5米高的须弥座式台基，周围绕以青石围栏，上有各种精美雕刻。正门前两侧柱子上盘绕着一对栩栩如生的金龙。殿顶是黄琉璃瓦镶绿剪边，重檐上下各有8条五彩琉璃垂脊。殿顶正中为宝瓶火焰珠攒尖顶。8条垂脊上各站着一个蒙古力士，象征“八方归一”。

殿内有8根绘有云龙的巨柱支撑殿顶。中间是皇帝御用的九龙金漆宝座屏风。上方“泰交景运”匾额，为乾隆御笔。

大政殿作为17世纪初的建筑杰作，融汇了满、汉、蒙、藏等多民族建筑的艺术风格，是沈阳故宫的著名建筑。

十王亭

十王亭，又称“八旗亭”，在广场两侧呈八字形排列，每边5个。分别是左翼王亭、右翼王亭、正黄亭、正白亭、正红亭、正蓝亭、镶黄亭、镶白亭、镶红亭、镶蓝亭。左右翼王亭是当时左右两翼王爷办公的地方。八旗亭是八旗亭主办公的地方，也是在大政殿举行朝会和典礼时各旗官员集结之处。

沈阳故宫中路

中路共有三进院落，分别是大清门、崇政殿、凤凰楼、清宁宫依次排列在中轴线上，两侧还有一些对称的附属建筑。是满、汉等多民族传统建筑艺术的融合。

大清门

大清门，俗称午门，也就是沈阳故宫的正门，是无间硬山式建筑，式当时文武官员候朝的地方，也是皇太极接受群臣谢恩之处。

崇政殿

原名“正殿”，俗称“金銮殿”。是皇太极日常处理军政要务、接见外国使臣和少数民族的地方。崇政殿为无间九檩硬山式建筑，南北辟有槅扇口，前后出廊，围以石雕栏杆。

凤凰楼

它建在3.8米高的青砖台基上，是一座三层歇山式建筑，原名叫翔凤楼，是皇太极休息、宴会和读书之所。清入关后，曾用以存放帝王画像、行乐图及清初皇帝玉玺。凤凰楼正门上方悬挂的“紫气东来”金字横匾，是乾隆皇帝御笔，意思是大清朝福气是从东方盛京而来。

清宁宫

整个后宫建在高台之上，并高于前朝的宫殿。这种“宫高殿低”的特色反映了满族的传统和习惯。

清宁宫，原名“正宫”，为五间硬山前后廊式建筑，是沈阳故宫中最具满族住宅特色的建筑。东一间是皇太极和孝端文皇后博尔济吉特氏的寝宫，称“暖阁”;“暖阁”;寝宫分为南北两室，各有火炕，又称“龙床”。崇德八年(1643)皇太极就在南炕“无疾端坐而终”，终年52岁。东侧第二间的北窗下设两口大锅，南面宫门旁设一口锅，是祭祀时煮肉和烧炕用的。西侧三间通连，北、西、南三面搭成相连的环炕，称为“万字炕”，是帝后日常饮食起居及会见、宴请亲眷的厅堂。

沈阳故宫西路

沈阳故宫西路，是为了适应皇帝东巡的需要而增建的一组建筑，主要有文溯阁、戏台、嘉荫堂和仰熙斋等，套院相接，多而不乱，是文化气息较浓之处。

文溯阁

是仿照明代浙江宁波大藏书家范钦的“天一阁”修建的，专门收藏乾隆时期编撰的大型图书《四库全书》的地方。文溯阁是硬山式建筑，面阔6间，从外面看是重檐2层，从里面看则是3层，明显带有江南建筑风格的样式。与沈阳故宫内的其他建筑不同，文溯阁顶盖上用的是黑琉璃瓦绿剪边。这在沈阳故宫建筑中是独一无二的。根据五行八卦之说，黑是代表水，书最忌火，以黑瓦为顶象征以水克火之意。

各位游客朋友，今天的游览就到此结束了，谢谢大家!

故宫英文导游词

forbidden city(紫禁城)

(in front of the meridian gate)

ladies and gentlemen:

i am pleased to serve as your guide today.

this is the palace museum; also know as the purple forbidden city. it is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence in china today. under ming emperor yongle, construction began in 1406. it took 14years to build the forbidden city. the first ruler who actually lived here was ming emperor zhudi. for five centuries thereafter, it continued to be the residence of23 successive emperors until 1911 when qing emperor puyi was forced to abdicate the throne .in 1987, the united nations educational, scientific and cultural organization recognized the forbidden city was a world cultural legacy.

it is believed that the palace museum, or zi jin cheng (purple forbidden city), got its name from astronomy folklore, the ancient astronomers divided the constellations into groups and centered them around the ziwei yuan(north star). the constellation containing the north star was called the constellation of heavenly god and star itself was called the purple palace. because the emperor was supposedly the son of the heavenly gods, his central and dominant position would be further highlighted the use of the word purple in the name of his residence. in folklore, the term ”an eastern purple cloud is drifting” became a metaphor for auspicious events after a purple cloud was seen drifting eastward immediately before the arrival of an ancient philosopher, laozi, to the hanghu pass. here, purple is associated with auspicious developments. the word jin (forbidden) is self-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-limits to ordinary people.

the red and yellow used on the palace walls and roofs are also symbolic. red represents happiness, good fortune and wealth. yellow is the color of the earth on the loess plateau, the original home of the chinese people. yellow became an imperial color during the tang dynasty, when only members of the royal family were allowed to wear it and use it in their architecture.

the forbidden city is rectangular in shape. it is 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meter wide from east west. it has 9,900 rooms under a total roof area 150,000 square meters .a 52-meter-wide-moat encircles a 9.9-meter—high wall which encloses the complex. octagon —shaped turrets rest on the four corners of the wall. there are four entrances into the city: the meridian gate to the south, the shenwu gate(gate of military prowess) to the north, and the xihua gate(gate of military prowess) to the north, and the xihua gate(western flowery gate )to the west ,the donghua (eastern flowery gate) to the east.

manpower and materials throughout the country were used to build the forbidden city. a total of 230,000 artisans and one million laborers were employed. marble was quarried from fangshan country mount pan in jixian county in hebei province. granite was quarried in quyang county in hebei province. paving blocks were fired in kilns in suzhou in southern china. bricks and scarlet pigmentation used on the palatial walls came from linqing in shandong province .timber was cut ,processed and hauled from the northwestern and southern regions.

the structure in front of us is the meridian gate. it is the main entrance to the forbidden city. it is also knows as wufenglou(five-phoenix tower). ming emperors held lavish banquets here on the 15th day of the first month of the chinese lunar year in hornor of their counties .they also used this place for punishing officals by flogging them with sticks.

qing emperors used this building to announce the beginning of the new year. qing emperor qianglong changed the original name of this announcement ceremony from ban li(announcement of calendar)to ban shou(announcement of new moon )to avoid coincidental association with another emperor` s name, hongli, which was considered a taboo at that time. qing dynasty emperors also used this place to hold audience and for other important ceremonies. for example,when the imperial army returned victoriously from the battlefield ,it was here that the emperor presided over the ceremony to accept prisoners of war.

(after entering the meridian gate and standing in front of the five marble bridges on golden water river)

now we are inside the forbidden city.before we start our tour, i would like to briefly introduce you to the architectural patterns befour us .to complete this solemn, magnificent and palatial complex, a variety of buildings were arranged on a north-south axis, and 8-kilometer-long invisible line that has become an inseparable part of the city of beijing. the forbidden city covers roughly one –third of this central axis. most of the important building in the forbidden city weree arranged along this line. the design and arrangement of the palaces reflect the solemn dignity of the royal court and rigidly –stratified feudal system.

the forbidden city is divided into an outer and an inner count.we are now standing on the southernmost part of the outer count. in front of us lies the gate of supreme harmony .the gate is guarded by a pair of bronze lions ,symbolizing imperial power and dignity. the lions were the most exquisite and biggest of its kind. the one on the east playing with a ball is a male, and ball is said to represent state unity. the other one is a female. underneath one of its fore claws is a cub that is considered to be a symbol of perpetual imperial succession. the winding brook before us is the golden water river. it functions both as decoration and fire control .the five bridges spanning the river represent the five virtues preached by confucius :benevolence, righteousness, rites, intellence and fidelity. the river takes the shape of a bow and the north-south axis is its arrow. this was meant to show that the emperors ruled the country on behalf of god.

(in front of the gate of supreme harmony)

the forbidden city consists of an outer countyard and an inner enclosure. the out count yard covers a vast space lying between the meridian gate and the gate of heavenly purity. the “three big halls” of supreme harmony, complete harmony and preserving harmony constitute the center of this building group. flanking them in bilateral symmetry are two groups of palaces: wenhua (prominent scholars) and wuying (brave warriors) . the three great halls are built on a spacious “h”-shaped, 8-meter-high, triple marble terrace, each level of the triple terrace is taller than the on below and all are encircled by marble balustrades carved with dragon and phoenix designs. there are three carved stone staircases linking the three architectures .the hall of supreme harmony is also the tallest and most exquisite ancient wooden-structured mansion in all of china. from the palace of heavenly purith northward is what is known as the inner court, which is also built in bilaterally symmetrical patterns. in the center are the palace of heavenly purity, the hall of union and peace and palace of earthly tranquility, a place where the emperors lived with their families and attended to state affairs. flanking these structures are palaces and halls in which concubines and princes lived. there are also three botanical gardens within the inner count, namely, the imperial garden, caning garden and quailing garden. an inner golden water river flows eastwardly within the inner court. the brook winds through three minor halls or palaces and leads out of the forbidden city. it is spanned by the white jade bridge. the river is lined with winding, marble –carved balustrades. most of the structures within the forbidden city have yellow glazed tile roofs.

aside from giving prominence to the north-south axis, other architectural methods were applied to make every group of palatial structures unique in terms of terraces, roofs, mythical monsters perching on the roofs and colored, drawing patterns. with these, the grand contour and different hierarchic spectrum of the complex were strengthened. folklore has it that there are altogether 9,999 room-units in the forbidden city. since paradise only has 10,000 rooms, the son of heaven on earth cut the number by half a room. it is also rumoured that this half –room is located to the west of the wenyuange pavilion (imperial library). as a matter of fact, although the forbidden city has more than 9,000 room-units, this half-room is nonexistent .the wenyuange pavilion is a library where “si ku quan shu”- china `s first comprehensive anthology-was stored.

(after walking past the gate of supreme harmony)

ladies and gentlemen, the great hall we are approaching is the hall of supreme harmony, the biggest and tallest of its king in the forbidden city. this structure covers a total building space of 2,377 square meters, and is know for its upturned, multiple counterpart eaves . the hall of supreme harmony sits on a triple “h”-shaped marble terrace the is 8meters high and linked by staircases. the staircase on the ground floor has 21 steps while the middle and upper stairways each have 9.

the construction of the hall of supreme harmony began in 1406. it burned down three times and was severely damaged once during a mutiny. the existing architecture was built during the qing dynasty. on the corners of the eaves a line of animal-nails were usually fastened to the tiles. these animal-nails were later replace with mythical animals to ward off evil spirits. there are altogether 9 such fasteners on top of this hall. the number nine was regarded by the ancients to be the largest numeral accessible to man and to which only the emperors were entitled.

there was a total of 24 successive emperors during the ming and qing dynasties who were enthroned here. the ball was also used for ceremonies which marked other great occasions: the winter solstice, the chinese lunar new year, the emperor` s birthday, conferral of the title of empress, the announcement of new laws and policies, and dispatches of generals to war .on such occasions, the emperor would hold audience for his court officials and receive their tributes.

this area is called the hall of supreme harmony square, which covers a total of 30,000 square meters, without a single tree or plant growing here, this place inspires visitors to feel its solemnity and grandeur. in the middle of the square there is a carriageway that was reserved for the emperor. on both sides of the road the groud bricks were laid in a special way seven layers lengthwise and eight layers crosswise, making up fifteen layers in all. the purpose of this was to prevent anyone from tunneling his way into the palace. in the count yard there are iron vats for storing water to fight fires. in the whole complex there are altogher 308 water vats. in wintertime, charcoal was burned underneath the vats to keep the water from freezing .why so vast a square? it was designed to impress people with the hall` s grandeur and vastness. imagine the following scene. under the clear blue sky, the yellow glazed tiles shimmered as the cloud-like layers of terrace, coupled with the curling veil of burning incense, transformed the hall of supreme harmony into a fairyland. whenever major ceremonies were held, the glazed, crane-shaped candleholders inside the hall would be it, and incense and pine branches burnt in front of the hall. when the emperor appeared, drums were beaten and musical instrument played. civilian officials and generals would kneel know in submission.

the last qing emperor puyi assumed the throne in 1908, at the age of three, his father carried him to the throne. at the start of the coronation, the sudden drum-beating and loud music caught the young emperor unprepared .he was so scared that he kept crying and shouting,”i don’t want to stay here. i want to go home.” his father tried to soothe him, saying, ”it` all soon be finished .it` all soon be finished ”the ministers present at the event considered this incident inauspicious. coincidentally, the qing dynasty collapsed three years later and there with concluded china `s feudal system that had lasted for more than 2,000 years.

(on the stone terrace of the hall of supreme harmony)

this is a bronze incense burner. in it incense made of sandalwood would be burnt on important occasions. there are altogether 18 incense burners, representing all of the provinces under the rule of the sing monarchs. on either side of the hall, 4 bronze water-filled vats were placed in case of fire. next to the terrace on either side, there is a bronze crane and tortoise, symbols of longevity. this copper-cast grain measure is called ”jialiang.” it served as the national standard during the qing dynasty. it was meant to show that the imperial ruler were just and open to rectification. on the other side there is a stone sundial, an ancient timepiece. the jialiang and the sundial were probably meant to show what the emperor represented: that he was the only person who should possess the standards of both measure and time.

in the very forefront of the hall of supreme harmony , there are 12 scarlet , round pillars supporting the roof. the hall is 63 meters from east to west and 37 meters from north to south, it is 35 meters in height. in front of this architechture, there stands a triple terrace with five staircases leading up to the main entrance .it has 40 gold doors and 16 gold-key windows with colored drawings on the pillars and beams. in the middle of the hall, a throune carved with 9 dragons sits on a 2-meter-high platform. behind the throne there is a golden screen and in front of it, there is a imperial desk . the flanks are decorated with elephants, luduan(a legendary beast), cranes, and incense barrels. the elephant carries a vase on its back that holds five cereals(i. e. rice, two kinds of millet, wheat and beans),which was considered a symbol of prosperity. as ancient legend has it that luduan can travel 18,000 li (9,000 kilometers )in one day and knows all languages and dialects. only to a wise adjust monarch will this beast be a guardian.

the hall of supreme harmony is also popularly known as jinluan dian (gold bell hall or the throne hall). the floor of the hall is laid with bricks that turn it into a smooth, fine surface as if water has been sprinkled on it .the so-called golden brick, in fact, has nothing to do with gold. reserved exclusively for the construction of the royal court, it was made in a secretive, and complex way, and, when struck, sounds like the clink of a gold bar. each brick was worth the market price of one dan (or one hectoliter ) of rice.

the hall is supported by a total of 72 thick pillars .of these, 6 are carved in dragon patterns and painted with gold and surround the throne. above the very center of this hall there is a zaojing, or covered ceiling, which is one of the specialities of china `s ancient architure. in the middle of the ceiling is a design of a dragon playing with a ball inlaid with peals. this copper ball, hollow inside and covered with mercury, is known as the xuanyuan mirror and is thought to be made xuanyuan, a legendary monarch dating back to remote antiquity. the placing of the caisson above the throne is meant to suggest that all of china` s successive emperors are zuanyuan` s descendants and hereditary heirs. now you might have noticed that the xuanyuan mirror is not directly above the throne. why? it is rumored that yuan shikai, a self-acclaimed warlord-turned emperor moved the throne further back because he was afraid that the mirror might fall on him .in 1916 when yuan shikai became emperor, he removed the original throne with a western-style, high-back chair. after the foundation of the people` s republic of china in 1949 the throne was found in a shabby furniture warehouse. it repaired and returned to the hall.

(leading the tourist to the bronze vats either on the east or the west)

the water vats in front of the palaces or house were called “menhai,” or sea before the door by the ancient chinese. they believed that with a sea by the door, fire could not wreak havoc. the vats served both as a decoration and as a fire extinguisher. they were kept full of water all year round.

during the qing dynasty, they were altogether 308 vats in the palace enclosure. they were made of gilt bronze or iron. of couse, the gilt bronze vats were of the best quality. when the allied forces (britain, germany, france, russia, the united states, italy, japan and austria) invaded beijing in 1900 under the pretext of suppressing the boxer rebellion, the invaders ransacked the imperial compound and scraped and gold off the vats with their bayonets. during the japanese occupation of beijing, many vats were trucked away by the japanese to be made into bullets .

(in front of the hall of complete harmony)

the square architecture before us is called the hall of complete harmony. it served as an antechamber. the emperor came here to meet with his countiers and add his final touches to the prayers which would be read at the ancestral temple. the seeds, snowers and prayer intended for spring sowing were also examined here. the two qing sedan chairs here on display were used for traveling within the palace during the reign of emperor qianlong.

(in front of the hall f preserving harmony)

this is the hall of preserving harmony. during the qing dynasty, banquets were held here on new year` s eve in honour of mongolian and northwestern china` s xingjiang princes and ranking officials. the emperor also dinned here with his new son-in-law on the wedding day. imperial examinations were also held here once every three years. during the ming and qing dynasties, there were three levels of exams: the county and prefectural level, the provincial level and national level. the national exam was presided over by the emperor. the civil service exam in ancient china started during the han dynasty. it served the purpose of recruiting confucian scholars to the ministers and high officials. during the tang and qing dynasties reinstituted and ancient system. once every three years, three hundred scholars from all over the country came to beijing and took exams for three day and night. this system was abolished in 1905.

(behind the hall of preserving harmony)

this is the largest stone carving in the palace . it is 16.73 meters long, 3.07 meters wide and 1.7 meters thick .it weighs about 200 tons. the block was quarried in fangshan county, roughly 70 kilometers away. to transport such a huge block to beijing, laborers dug wells along the roadside half a kilometer apart, and used the groundwater to make a road of ice in the winter. rolling blocks were used in the summer. in 1760, emperor qianlong of the qing dynasty ordered the carving of the existing cloud and dragon design in place of the old one which dated back to the ming dynasty.

note : from here, the tour can be conducted via three different routes: a western route(route a), a central route (route b) or an eastern route (route c) .the commentary for each follows.

route a

ladies and gentlemen:

you have seen the three main halls of the forbidden city. now i ` d like to show you around the hall of mental cultivation and the imperial garden . the hall of mental cultivation is situated is in the western part of the innermost enclosure and is symmetrical to fengxian (enshrinement of forebears) hall in the east. this hall was built during the ming dynasty. it is a h-shaped structure consisting of an antechamber and a main building .the hall is surrounded by corridors. in front of the hall is the office of privy council.

before emperor kangxi of qing the dynasty came to power the hall of heavenly purity served as the living quarter of the emperors. emperor yongzheng chose to live in this hall and attended to every day state affairs from here .for the sake of protecting cultural relics, this hall is not open to the public .you can have a look at the inside from the door. the central hall was the audience chamber where the emperor read memorials, granted audience to officials and summoned his minsters for consultation. the western chamber of the hall was where the emperor read reports and discussed military and political affairs. the hall consists of many inner rooms and is decorated with images of buddha and miniature pagodas. on the screen wall there hangs a picture of two emperors in the han costume. in a southern room there three rare calligraphic scrolls, hence the name of the room “sanxitang” (room of three rare treasures) . the room on the eastern side is of historical interst because it was here that empress dowager cixi usurped power and made decisions on behalf of the young emperor . a bamboo curtain was used to separate them .

empress dowage cixi was born in 1835 in lu` an prefecture of shanxi province. she` s of manchurian nationality and her father was a provincial governor from south china. when she was 17 years old ,she was selected to become a concubine of emperor xianfeng and moved into the forbidden city. she gave birth to a son when she was 21years old and was made a concubine the following year. when the emperor passed away in the summer of 1861, her son ascended the throne and title of cixi, meaning “holy mother” was conferred upon her and she became the empress dowager. in that same year empress dowager cixi carried out a count coup d` etat and ruled behind the scenes with another empress dowager, ci` an, for 48 years. she passed away in 1908 at the age of 73. it was in reference to this situation that the term “attending to state affairs behind a bamboo curtain” developed .in 1912 , empress dowager longyu declared the abdication of the last qing emperor puyi. they were allowed to remain in the forbidden city for the next 13 years .the royal family was forced to move out permanently in 1924.

behind the central hall were the living accommodation of 8 successive qing emperors .three of them actually passed away here. the side rooms flanking the hall were reserved for empresses and concubines. now let` s continue with our tour. it will take us to the hall of heavenly purity , the hall of union and peace ,the palace of earthly tranquility, and the imperial garden.

route b

(inside the hall of heavenly purity)

ladies and gentlemen:

we are now entering the inner court. from the gate of heavenly purity northward lies the inner court where the emperors and empresses once lived .the hall of heavenly purity is the central hall of the inner court ,and was completed during the reign of emperor yongle of the ming dynasty. there are 10 pillars supporting the entire structure and the hall is 20 meters in height .in the center of the hall there a throne. above it hangs a plaque with an inscription that reads “be open and above-board,” written by shenzhi,the first emperor of the qing dynasty. beginning with qianlong` s reign, the name of the successor to the throne was not publicly announced .instead, it was written on two pieces of paper, one to be kept on the emperor` s person throughout his reign, and the other placed in a small strongbox that was stored behind his plaque. the box was opened only after the emperor passed away. altogether there where 4 emperors who ascended the throne in this way, namely qianlong, jiaqing, daohuang and xian feng.

the hall of heavenly purity was where the emperors lived during the ming and qing dynasties. according to tradition ,extravagant annual banquets were held here on new year` s eve in honour of royal family members. foreign ambassadors were received here during the late-qing period. two important “one thousand old men` s feasts” of the qing dynasty were also held here. all the invitees had to be at least 65 years of age.

this hall was also used for mourning services.

(inside the palace of union and peace)

this hall sits between the hall of heavenly purity and the palace of earthly tranquility, symbolizing the union of heaven and earth ,as well as national peace .it was first built in 1420 and reconstructed in 1798. the hall is square in shape ,and is smaller than the hall of complete harmony .you will see a plaque here inscribed with two chinese characters, wu wei, which were handwritten by emperor qianglong. a throne sits in the middle of the hall with a screen behind it .above the throne there hangs a caisson ,or covered ceiling. the emperor held birthday celebrations and other major events here.

in 1748 during emperor qianlong` s reign, 25 jade seals representing imperial authority were kept in this hall .no seals were allowed out of the room without the prior consent of the emperor. on each flack there is a water clock and a chiming clock.

(inside the palace of earthly tranquility)

this used to be the central hall where successive ming empresses lived. during the qing dynasty, it was converted into a place where sacrifices and wedding ceremonies were held .the room on the western side was used for sacrifices and the room on the east was the seeding chamber.

route c

ladies and gentlemen:

you have seen the three main halls of the forbidden city. now i` d like to show you around scenes of interest along the eastern route. the first is the treasure hall. this mansion is called the hall of imperial zenith. this is where sing emperor quailing lived after abdication. nearly 1,000 artifacts and treasures are on display here, among which the golden hair tower is one of the most famous. this tower is 1.53meters in height and its base is 0.53 meters in circumference .it was built under the order of emperor quailing to be used to collect fallen hair in commemoration of his mother. there is also a “day harnessing water jade hill ” on display here. yu was a legendary monarch of the remote ixia dynasty. under his leadership, the people learned how to harness the yellow river. this jade assemblage, 224 centimeters in height and 5 tons in weight, is the largest jade artwork in china. this mat was woven with peeled ivory. these artifacts are among china` s rarest treasures.

(in front of the nine-dragon screen)

this is the nine-dragon relief screen .erected in 1773,it is 3.5 meters in height and 29.4 meters in width. underneath is a foundation made of marble .the surface of the screen is laid with a total of 270 colored, glazed tiles in the design of 9 dragons ,some rocky mountains ,clouds and the sea. it was meant to ward off evil spirits the ancient chinese regarded 9 dragons, some rocky mountains, clouds and the sea. it was meant to ward off evil spirits .the ancient chinese regarded 9 as the largest numeral and the dragon as a auspicious beast .the 9 dragons are different in color and posture and all are made of glazed tiles. interestingly a piece of the third dragon from the left is made of wood. it is believe that when the nine-dragon screen was almost finished ,a piece of glazed tile was damaged .emperor qianlong was scheduled to inspect the work the following day .using quick wits, the craftsman in question molded the missing piece with clay and sailed through the imperial inspection. later ,he asked a carpenter to carve a wooden one to replace the one made of clay.

(approaching the imperial garden)

behind the palace of earthly tranquility and trading the north-south axis is the imperial garden. there are old trees, rare flowers and exotic rock formation in this garden .it cover a space of 11,700 square meters, or roughly 1.7 percent of the forbidden city. most of the structures in the garden are symmetrically arranged . however, each is different in terms of parrern and decoration. woods clumps of bamboo screen off the garden and strengthens its deep and serene atmosphere.

there main structure of the imperial garden is the qin` an hall. positioned in the central-northern part of the garden ,this hall is flanked by other halls and pavilions on the east and west. the hall sits on a marble pedestal. the taoist deity of zhenwu is enshrined here and emperor would pay homage here a quarterly basis. taoist rites were held during the reign of emperor jiajing of the ming dynasty. in front of the hall there is a cypress that is 400 years old .in all there are a dozen such rare trees in the garden, and most of them are cypresses or pines. to the northwest of the hall , there is the yanhui(sustaining sunshine) pavilion and to the northeast there lies the duixiu (accumulated refinement )hill. this hill was built over the foundation of the long- pershed guanhua (admiring flowers) hall of the ming dynasty. it is 14 meters in height and made of al kinds of rocks quarried in jiang su province. at its base stand two nstone lions, each carrying a dragon shooting water 10 meters up into the air from its mouth. there are meandering paths leading to the hilltop. at the top of duixiu hill sits the yujing (imperial viewing)pavilion. traditionally, on the day of the double ninth festival (the ninth day of the ninth lunar month ), the emperor ,his consort, and his concubines would climb up to yujing pavilion to enjoy the scenery.

at the southeastern corner of the garden is jiangxue(crimson snowy) verandah. nearby to the southwest lies yangxing study (study of the cultivation of nature) .the yangxing study was used as a royal library during the reign of emperor qianlong of the qing dynasty. the last emperor of the qing dynasty, puyi once studied english there. in front of the jiangxue verandah some chinese flowering crabapples grow. the structure got its name from the crabapples who blossoms trun from crimson to snowy white. in front of the verandah, there grows a rare flower that was brought from henna province under the order of empress dowager cixi. in the northest is chizao tang (hall of using flowery language), once used as a library where rare books were stored.

there are also specific pavilions symbolizing the four seasons .the halls of wanchun and qianqiu ,representing spring and autumn respectively ,are square in shape and are coupled with multiple eaves and bell-shape and are coupled with multiple eaves and bell-shaped ridges. the halls of chengrui and fubi,dedecated to winter and summer, are characterized by two verandahs and bridges at their bases .paths were paved with colorful pebbles and arranged in 900 different designs.

the imperial garden can be accessed through the qiong yuan (jade garden )west gate or the qiong yuan east gate. a third gate, the shunzhen(obedience and fidelity)gate, opens to the north. its doors are laid in glazed tiles and it was only used by the empress or concubines.

as our tour of the forbidden city draws to a close, i hope that i have helped you understand why the palace is a treasure of china and one of the cultural relics of the world. it is under the strict protection of the chinese government. since 1949 when the people` s rupublic of china was founded, nearly one trillion rmb was spent on its restoration and refurbishment. the forbidden city has undergone four major facelifts to date. each year, the government earmarks a large sum to gather, sort and study cultural relics. the palace now contains a total of 930,000cultural relics. well, so much for today .let` s go to reboard the coach. thank you !

各位同学大家好，我是今天的小导游，我将陪伴大家共同游览北京的故宫名胜景区，希望通过我的讲解，能够使您对北京故宫留下美好的印象，好，现在我们就开始今天的游览吧。

故宫过去叫紫禁城，它是明清两代的皇宫。紫禁城始建于明朝永乐四年(1420xx年)永乐十八年建成，占地面积72万多平方米，距今已有620xx年的历史。整个建筑群气势宏伟豪华，布局开阔对称，内外装饰壮丽辉煌，是我国古代建筑艺术的精华。1987年被列入《世界文化遗产名录》。

那么为什么叫“紫禁城”呢?这里面有很深的文化内涵。人们认为那是天帝居住的宫殿，称它为“紫宫”。皇帝称自己为天子，就是天帝的儿子，他所居住的宫殿就叫“紫宫”，这是其一，其二呢，皇帝居住的宫院，对寻常老百姓来说，是绝对的禁忌之地。于是两层含义合起来，所以就叫“紫禁城”。从明朝永乐到清朝宣统，共有24位皇帝在这儿居住过，统治中国达491年。

相传紫禁城有宫殿9999间半，实际上是8700多间，是我国也是世界上目前规模最大、保存最完整的宫殿建筑群。在这些宫殿还会欣赏到青铜、玉器、书画、珠宝等珍贵的文物。要知道，这些文物都是从故宫博物院150多万件藏品中

精心挑选出来的，在那些文物的背后，在眼前这些殿宇之中曾经发生过许许多多令人荡气回肠的故事，足以让您听不够、想不够。简单一句话，您今天走进了这明清两代的皇宫，就是走进了中华文明的宝库。

这些年来，故宫博物院除了保存和复原三大殿、后三宫和西六宫外，又开辟了青铜、陶瓷、书画、珍宝、钟表等专馆，并经常举办各种临时的主题性展览。

好了，我今天的讲解至此为此，谢谢大家的耐心倾听!

大家好欢迎来到世界遗产长城，我是钟鑫雨大家能够叫我小钟。长城是世界的遗产，它无比的长，像一条长龙盘旋在山腰，长城是古代劳动人民建筑的，只要想到有很多人死在那里，情绪就无比的沉重。

那是没有举重机等一切有用的工具，机器，只靠无数双手无数肩膀，不怕严寒酷暑，付出多少人民的鲜血才凝结成这前不见头后不见尾的万里长城。所以请游客们保护好我们的万里长城。小朋友们请紧跟着大家走，以免走丢，也不要在洁白的墙砖上乱涂乱画，这是对古代劳动人民的不尊重。

长城有很多的景点，说也说不完看也看不够。此刻请大家尽情的去欣赏长城的美景吧!也请大家在游玩的时候不要乱丢果皮纸屑等一切垃圾，否则我们美丽的长城就变成垃圾厂了，如果乱丢果皮，别人踩到就会滑倒，为了游客们的安全问题，请不要到危险的地方去玩耍拍照。长城的美景等待着你们，快去参观吧!下午三点在那里集合，祝大家玩的愉快!

各位游客：

大家好。我是这次旅游的导游李某。我很荣幸能够带领大家去故宫旅游。

现在展现在我们面前的就是气势雄伟的古代宫殿—故宫了。大家看这四面就是宫墙，而且宫墙四面都建有高大的城门，南为午门也就是故宫正门，北为神武门，东为东华门，西为西华门，这宫墙四“门”的角楼都是风格独特、造型绮丽的。

现在请跟我一起去故宫中最大的宫殿太和殿看看!这里是明、清皇帝召见百官、发号施令、举行庆典的地方。全殿面阔11间，进深5间，外有廊柱，殿内外共立72根大柱。殿高35米，殿内净空高达14米，宽63米，面积2377平方米，为全国最大的木构大殿。

我再给大家介绍介绍其他的宫殿吧!

现在我们来到了中和殿。中和殿是为帝王去太和殿途中的演习礼仪之地。保和殿，是皇帝宴请外藩王公贵族和京中文武大臣之处。我们再来看看文华殿。它是明代皇太子读书处。乾清门是故宫中外朝和内廷的分界处，由此向北便是内廷。乾清宫是明、清皇帝居住和处理政务的地方。慈宁宫就是皇上住的地方。你们看过《还珠格格》这部电视剧吗?它就是在故宫里拍的。

规划严整，气魄宏伟，极为壮观，这就是我国的故宫。无论在平面布局，立体效果以及形式上的雄伟、堂皇、庄严、和谐，都属无与伦比的杰作。它标志着我国悠久的文化传统，显示着500余年前我国在建筑艺术上的卓越成就。

现在大家可以自由参观，可是我要提醒大家一定要注意保持故宫环境。

大家好!我是星星导游社的导游王景瑶，也可以叫我小王。我们今天游览地方是故宫，希望可以和大家度过美好的一天。

故宫又称紫禁城，是明清两代的皇宫，堪称当今世界上无与伦比的建筑杰作。很多人慕名来到故宫，就是为了欣赏中国古代建筑的辉煌与帝王的奢华。

好了，今天我的导游就到这里结束了，下面请大家自己观赏这美丽的风景吧!但是大家一定要记住，请大家不要乱扔果皮，谢谢配合。445分钟后，请大家来这里集合，愿你们开心快乐。

大家好，我叫吴文倩，大家叫我吴导吧!现在我们要游览举世无双的北京故宫。

你们看，我们来到了雄伟的故宫，故宫又称紫禁城，是明清两代的皇宫;故宫是世界上规模最大最完整的古代木结构建筑群，为我们国家最大的古建筑群。

它使建于明永乐(公元1420xx年)，20xx年才完工呢，有24位皇帝在此登基。“好了，我们现在准备去大殿里，请游客朋友们跟上队伍，千万别掉队，否则走丢了，就找不到我们了!”好，现在跟随我进入大殿，故宫有三座大殿:太和殿，中和殿和保和殿。大殿建在汉白玉砌成的8米高的台基上，远望犹如神话的琼宫仙阙。太和殿是最富丽堂皇的建筑，俗称“金銮殿”，是皇上举行大典的地方，这座殿高28米，东西63米，西北35米，有直径达1米的大柱92根，其中6根围绕御座的沥粉金漆的潘龙柱。御座设在殿内高2米的台上，前有造型，美观的仙鹤，炉，鼎，后面精雕细刻的围屏。整个大殿装饰得金碧辉煌，庄严绚丽。中和殿是皇上去太和殿举行大典前稍事休息和演习礼仪的地方，保和殿是每年除夕皇帝赐宴外潘王公的场所。游客朋友们先休息一下，观赏下这三个大殿，可以摸一摸，等下我们去内延，以乾清宫，交泰殿，坤宁宫为中心，东西两翼有东六宫和西六宫，是皇上平日办事和妃子居住的地方。

“好，今天的活动到此结束!祝大家玩得开心”

游客们，大家好！欢迎你们来到北京，我叫陈钰铃，你们可以叫我陈导或小陈都行。很高兴成为你们的向导。现在我们马上就到世界闻名的故宫。

游客们，我们沿着天安们入口就可以走进故宫。故宫是世界上现存规模最大的古代皇家宫殿建筑群，故宫又名叫紫禁城。“紫”是天上君王居住宫殿的颜色，人间的帝王当然要与“紫”字沾点边。故宫平面呈长方形，南北长960米，东面宽750米，全面积72万平方米。

好了，我们现在说到这里，请大家去游赏、拍照做纪念，请大家不要乱扔垃圾，保护环境。

各位游客：

大家好。我是这次旅游的导游李。我很荣幸能够带领大家去故宫旅游。

现在展现在我们面前的就是气势雄伟的古代宫殿—故宫了。大家看这四面就是宫墙，而且宫墙四面都建有高大的城门，南为午门也就是故宫正门，北为神武门，东为东华门，西为西华门，这宫墙四“门”的角楼都是风格独特、造型绮丽的。

现在请跟我一起去故宫中最大的宫殿太和殿看看！这里是明、清皇帝召见百官、发号施令、举行庆典的地方。全殿面阔11间，进深5间，外有廊柱，殿内外共立72根大柱。殿高35米，殿内净空高达14米，宽63米，面积2377平方米，为全国最大的木构大殿。

我再给大家介绍介绍其他的宫殿吧！

现在我们来到了中和殿。中和殿是为帝王去太和殿途中的演习礼仪之地。保和殿，是皇帝宴请外藩王公贵族和京中文武大臣之处。我们再来看看文华殿。它是明代皇太子读书处。乾清门是故宫中外朝和内廷的分界处，由此向北便是内廷。乾清宫是明、清皇帝居住和处理政务的地方。慈宁宫就是皇上住的地方。你们看过《还珠格格》这部电视剧吗？它就是在故宫里拍的。

规划严整，气魄宏伟，极为壮观，这就是我国的故宫。无论在平面布局，立体效果以及形式上的雄伟、堂皇、庄严、和谐，都属无与伦比的杰作。它标志着我国悠久的文化传统，显示着500余年前我国在建筑艺术上的卓越成就。

现在大家可以自由参观，可是我要提醒大家一定要注意保持故宫环境。

各位游客：

大家好!我是你们的导游。我姓丁，你们可以叫我小丁。今天就让我来带领大家游览雄伟的故宫。

故宫又叫紫禁城，长960米，宽750米，全面积约72万平方米，被宽52米的护城河环绕着。它坐北朝南，有四个门，分别是午门、神武门、东华门和西华门。

进了故宫的大门，远远望去，一座金碧辉煌的宫殿耸立在广场上，黄色的琉璃瓦闪闪发光。那就是太和殿，它是三大殿里面的一个殿，是清代皇帝举行典礼的地方，还是他们平时上朝的地方。走进太和殿，只见殿内有一个金漆宝座，坐落在一个楠木平台上，座椅上雕刻着金龙。清代皇帝上朝时，就坐在这里。

出了太和殿，绕过保和殿和中和殿，就是乾清宫。乾清宫不仅是清代皇帝休息的地方，还是他们召见大臣和处理政务的地方。

从乾清宫出来，绕过坤宁宫，就来到了御花园。御花园以前是供皇帝和他的妃子们观赏休息的。这里建着许多亭台楼阁，种着无数的花草树木，因为数量较多，我就不再一一讲解了，请大家一会儿自己参观。

对了，参观了这么多，我问问大家，你们知道紫禁城这个名字的由来吗?紫，是紫气东来的意思。传说老子出关，有紫气东来，被守关人以为是圣人。未久，老子骑着青牛而来，立刻就被守关的人们围住。从此，紫气东来便被认为是吉祥的词，而禁则是皇家禁地的意思。

今天我就讲到这里。现在大家可以自由参观了，不过要注意以下几点：1、不要乱扔垃圾;2、不要随地吐痰;3、不要在景区里的墙上、地上、树上乱刻乱画。

Hi!女士们，先生们，欢迎来参加本次故宫的游览活动，我是小文，本次游览活动由我做大家的导游，请多关照。故宫位于北京市城区中心，是明、清两代的皇宫，是当今世界上现存规模最大、建筑最雄伟、保存最完整的古代皇家宫殿。

故宫又叫紫禁城。紫禁城是中国五个多世纪以来的最高权力中心，它以园林景观和容纳了家具及工艺品的9000个房间的庞大建筑群，成为明清时代中国文明无价的历史见证。朋友们，立在我们前面的就是故宫的正门叫午门，午门又称五凤楼。

它建成于公元1420xx年，位于端门之北，雄伟壮观。走进正午门，我们就到了故宫里面了，这是第一院落，前面那五座桥，叫汉白玉桥，它们象征五德：仁、义、礼、智、信，是皇帝五德齐全的意思。走过金水桥，就来到太和广场，这里是明代皇帝御门听政时百官待驾的地方。下面带大家去太和殿。各位朋友，我们眼前的太和殿是整座紫禁城内级别最高的建筑，只有皇帝举行盛大典礼时才使用。

太和殿高35米，东西长64米，南北宽33米，面积为2377平方米。它面阔十一间，进深5间，规模为紫禁城内大殿之最。经过今天的介绍和参观，大家已经对故宫基本了解了吧，希望大家常来这儿玩。

大家好!我是你们这次旅行的导游。我叫慕迎暄，今天我要带领大家游览的是北京故宫。

各位朋友，现在我们已经进入故宫。此处是故宫第一院落，首先出现在我们面前的是五座汉白玉石桥，它们象征五德，即仁 义 礼 智 信，是皇帝既美好的品质为一身的意思。金水桥下是內金水河，跨过金水桥就来到了太和门广场，这里即时明代皇帝御门听政时百官待驾的地方。

所谓“御门听政”呢?这“御门”即指太和门，“听政”即指听取政事。您可能觉得新鲜，这堂堂的皇帝放着那么多的宫殿不用，偏偏跑到这里来处理政事，是不是有点做作呀?其实这并不是皇帝故弄玄虚，而是出于无奈。

好啦，现在开始自由活动，请记住以下三点：1。不乱涂乱画。2。不乱扔垃圾。3。不在墙上刻字。祝你们旅行愉快!谢谢!

各位游客们：

大家好!我叫李雨霏，大家叫我李导就行了，很高兴我能陪同大家一起参观故宫。

北京故宫位于北京市中心，是明清两代的皇宫，故宫有称为“紫禁城”。故宫经历有明清两个朝代和24个皇帝。故宫规模宏大，西东宽750米，南北长960米，占地72万平方米，建筑积15万多平方米，有房屋1000多间，是世界历史上最大最完整的古代建筑。进了故宫的大门，你就会看见五座汉白玉石桥，为什么是五座，而不是七座、八座，甚至十座呢?原来，古时候的皇帝都必须带有仁、义、礼、智、信这种特点，所以才是五座石桥的。桥上有上百根石柱，柱子上刻着无数的小狮子，那么多的小狮子，有的颔首低眉，好像是忧闷而不开心的样子，有的张牙武爪，好像是展示自己的威武。

故宫的御花园，原名宫后椀，占地一万二千平方米。以鉄安殿为中心，园林建筑采用石砖来修建，左右对称的格砖紧凑。殿东北的堆秀山上筑御景亭，每年重阳节，皇上就在此登高。

好了游客们我们在这里歇一会，休息一下，你们也可以拍下自己喜欢的景点，注意卫生和安全。

大家好!我是你们今天的导游——林导，大家可千万不要叫我领导哦!我只是姓林的导游，哈哈!

Everybody is good! I am your tour guide, guide Lin today, you dont call me leadership oh! I just named Lin tour guide, ha ha!

我们今天要前往名胜古迹——故宫。在路程中，我就先简单介绍下故宫吧!

Today were going to places of interest, the Palace Museum. In the distance, I first simple introduce the Forbidden City!

古代故宫叫做紫禁城，因是清明两代的皇宫，所以十分高大雄伟，占地面积约有72万平方米。体质弱的客人们，可能没办法把故宫游完哦，希望大家能在车上多休息，争取游遍这72万平方米的故宫。

Ancient palace called the Forbidden City, because is qingming festival two generations of the palace, so very tall majestic, covers an area of about 720xx0 square meters. The guests in the constitution, may not be able to finish the imperial palace to swim oh, hope everybody can rest in the car, to bound for the 720xx0 square meters of the Forbidden City.

以前，故宫里住了很多人，有将军、战士、侍女……需要成千上万间房子，而且古代科技不发达，不像我们几十户人家只需一栋高楼大厦，他们只好建9000多间房子装下那么多人啦。

Previously, spent a lot of people in the Forbidden City, there are general, warriors, maid... Takes tens of thousands of houses, and the ancient science and technology is not developed, not like we just dozens of family a high-rise buildings, and they had to build more than 9000 house hold so many people.

皇帝是需要保护的，这故宫里的战士夜晚是需要睡觉的，无法保护。所以聪明的皇帝就在故宫周围建筑了52米宽的长长的护城河，敌人坐船也难过这条护城河。

The emperor is in need of protection, the soldiers in the imperial palace is the need to sleep at night, unable to protect. So wise emperor around the Forbidden City built a long a moat 52 meters wide, the enemy ships, also sorry to the moat.

故宫已被列入世界遗产的名录里。有许多外国游客，他们是不会乱扔垃圾、乱涂乱画的。希望作为中国人的我们，对不文明行为说“不”，为我们祖国争光吧!准备下车……

The Palace Museum has been on the world heritage list. There are a lot of foreign tourists, they wont litter graffito of the scribble,. Hope to be Chinese, we say "no" to uncivilized behavior, make our country proud! Prepare to get off...