英语简短导游词(实用20篇)

I am very happy to have you here today. At the same time, I hope my servicecan satisfy you. Standing next to me is master Wang, the driver of our tour.Master Wang has more than ten years of driving experience. Im very skilled indriving. You can give us two hearts, rest assured to our Master Wang, happy tome, lets share this journey together.

Members of the group, our tour bus is driving on the Foguang avenue intothe mountain. As it will take a long time from here to Jiuhua street, Id liketo introduce Jiuhua Mountain to you first. Jiuhua Mountain is mainly located inChizhou City and Qingyang County. It is an important scenic spot in the north oftwo mountains and one lake in Anhui Province. The area of the scenic spot is 120square kilometers. Jiuhua Mountain covers 174 square kilometers and is now anational 5A scenic spot. A national civilized tourist area. One of the fourfamous Buddhist mountains in China. It is known as an International Buddhistdojo.

Jiuhua Mountain in Anhui Province has a beautiful scenery. In the SouthernDynasties, the mountain was higher than the clouds, and there were nine of them.People called it Jiuzi mountain. Li Bai, a great poet of the Tang Dynasty,visited Jiuhua Mountain, saw the lotus flowers on the nine peaks, and wrote"there are two wonderful things, and Lingshan opens Jiuhua." Its a beautifulpoem. Jiuhua Mountain is a famous granite mountain. Its main peak, Shiwang peak,is 1342 meters above sea level. It is a beautiful place in Jiuhua Mountain.

Anhui Jiuhua Mountain is one of the four famous Buddhist mountains inChina. Together with Putuo Mountain, Emei Mountain and Wutai Mountain, they arecalled the four famous Buddhist mountains in China. In the 7th century A.D., theprince of Silla sailed to the East and visited famous mountains. Finally, hechose Jiuhua Mountain and practiced hard for decades. After his death, his bodywas not rotten. People thought that Jin qiaojue was the incarnation of theBodhisattva of the king of Tibet. From then on, Jiuhua Mountain was regarded asthe Taoist temple of the Bodhisattva of the king of Tibet. From then on, theking of Tibetans was also called jintibetans.

OK, now our tour bus has arrived at the entrance of Jiuhua street. Pleasetake your belongings and get ready to get off to enter the scenic spot.

Ladies and gentlemen, what we are presented with is a height of 9 metersand a span of 8 meters. Do you know who wrote the word "Jiuhua Shengjing" on thebanner of the 5-meter Jiuhua Shengjing gate? Yes, it was written by EmperorKangxi. Through the gate square, is there an extraordinary feeling of enteringthe holy land?

Now, my friends, we come to the earliest Palace temple in Jiuhua Mountain,namely, the Zhiyuan temple. Zhiyuan temple is now a national key temple and theonly descendant jungle temple in Jiuhua Mountain. It is a typical compositebuilding. Its Mountain Gate deviates from the central axis of the main hall. Theexternal Mountain Gate is not the carelessness of the construction, but theattention. It is said that one is to avoid evil, and the other is to facekaishanzu temple and Huacheng temple. Moreover, on the front wall of Zhiyuantemple, there is a big word "Taishan shigandang" which is very eye-catching. Itis said that it is also for avoiding evil spirits and suppressing demons, whichis unique to Zhiyuan temple.

The Dharma of Zhiyuan temple is solemn and complete, which is the best ofall. There are statues of Maitreya, four heavenly kings, Bodhisattva Weituo andeighteen Arhats in the temple. Among them, the most solemn one is the 12 meterhigh pharmacist Buddha, Amitabha Buddha and Sakyamuni Buddha. The statues ofBuddha, Bodhisattva and arhat in the temple are arranged in a standard way withexquisite workmanship and vivid images.

Zhiyuan temple was built in the Ming Dynasty, ranking first among the fourjungles in Jiuhua Mountain. The Jiuhua Mountain Buddhist Association has heldmany large-scale preaching, preaching and praying for peace and disaster reliefDharma meetings here. Now it holds more than 1000 Buddhist activities such aswaterway Dharma meeting and Yankou every year. It is one of the Buddhistactivity centers in the whole mountain.

Now we come to Huacheng temple. Huacheng temple is the first temple inJiuhua Mountain. Now it is a national key temple, and it was turned into amuseum of historical relics in the late 1970s. The exhibition is divided intotwo parts: the first part shows the life story of Jin dizang; the second partshows precious historical relics. Some of the Scriptures are the treasures ofthe temple.

There is a release pool in front of the temple. It is said that it was dugby Jin dizang when he led his disciples to build Huacheng temple. In front ofthe pool is Huacheng square, on which there is an empress tower in memory ofjindizangs mother.

The next thing we are going to do is go to Zen hall. Shangchan hall islocated on the hillside in the south of Shenguang Lingnan, which is a nationalkey protected temple. Shangchan hall has three characteristics: the mostpeaceful incense, the best scenery and the most beautiful temple. The TV seriesjourney to the West was filmed here.

After visiting shangchan temple, now we come to the most wonderful bodyhall. The body hall, also known as "Dicang tomb", was built in the first year ofZhenguan of Tang Dynasty. It was originally a three-story stone pagoda. Theburied body was jindicang body, so it is commonly known as the body pagoda.Because there was golden light in the base of the pagoda, later generationsnamed it Shenguang mountain. The characteristics of the hall of flesh can besummarized as "there are towers in the hall, tanks in the towers, and flesh inthe tanks." Please follow me into the hall. Please look at the 16 gold words onthe banner over there, "all living beings are exhausted, and Bodhi is proved.Hell is empty, and I swear not to become a Buddha." Its the vow of Bodhisattvadizang. In fact, the Bodhisattva of Tibet could have become a Buddha, but he iswilling to go to the most miserable hell of the six samsara to spread all livingbeings. If the hell is not empty, he will not become a Buddha. Before the birthof Maitreya Buddha in the future, he undertakes the important task of universalsalvation. The body hall is the symbol of Jiuhua Mountain. Every time there is aDharma meeting in Tibet, there is a sea of people and it is unprecedented.

Attention, everyone. We are going to take the cable car to the centenarypalace. Please pay attention to your safety and line up orderly.

Now we are in the centenary palace. Baishuigong, also known as baishuian,is now a key national temple dedicated to the body of monk Haiyu. On thebuilding, the terrain of high in the South and low in the north is used to forma five storey horse passage. The temple is integrated with the surroundingpeaks, stones and caves, and the temple is combined with the mountain. Thecentenary palace is the representative of Jiuhuashan ancient temple, which iswell received by Chinese and foreign tourists.

Dear tourists, todays tour of Jiuhua Street scenic spot is over. Thank youfor your support and cooperation. Please forgive me for the poor service.

在北京，漫游于山水清幽、景色秀丽的颐和园，你不得不为中国皇家园林那恢弘富丽的气势而惊叹;信步于集北方园林的宏阔气势和江南私家园林婉约多姿、风韵于一体的北海公园，你又不得不为这具有千年中国皇家园林史的艺术杰作而惊愕;可当你到了承德避暑山庄，那简直就要让你呆怔好一阵子，这座兼具南秀北雄的园林式宫城，依山傍水，四面群山叠嶂，胜景荟萃。承德避暑山庄面积之大，比颐和园大一倍，据说大约可装下九个北海公园，是中国现存占地面积最大的皇家古典园林。

7月中旬的北京也是夏阳酷署，我和丈夫决定去有名的避署胜地承德玩一圈。这次，我们没有打算跟团，决定做一下自由的旅人。北京距承德250多公里，我们从北京站乘了4个多小时的火车，到达承德已是下午了。在避暑山庄斜对面安顿好了住宿，便迫不急待地来到正宫午门前，上面悬挂着当年康熙皇帝亲自写下的、极具威赫的四个大字：避暑山庄。我想，当跨入这道门栏，一个久已远去的王朝历史便会向我们展开，但当天我们是无法进去了，景区已快关门。我们到景区周围去转了转，买了张景区地图，为更多的了解这个当年清朝皇帝避署和政治活动中心的庞大宫苑作一些准备。

到了傍晚，我们发现，大量的人群从景区正门旁边的一道狭小巷道往里涌，因为好奇，我们也跟着拥挤的人群进去了。原来，这些都是承德当地的居民，他们只需化几十元钱买一张年票，就可以每天得天独厚地进去锻练身体。快步穿过众多在林中锻练的人群，来到了大大的湖泊边，暮霭中，抬头远眺，隐隐约约望见大遍黑黝黝的真正的山岭静卧在落日的余辉中，心头一振，像是嗅到了一丁点儿这个神秘王朝的味儿。我们没有继续往里走，而是快快地退了出来，决定第二天一大早再来，我们有一天的时间。

次日晨曦初露，我们便起了床，还不到七点便买了门票进到了景区里。由于我们进来得较早，还没有多少旅人，密林中，不时传来鸟儿的鸣啭，还有那些温和的梅花鹿，众多早练的当地居民，他们对我们这些外地的游客非常和蔼，好一派人与自然的和谐景象。我想，当年的皇帝做梦也没有想到，今天会有这么多的普通老百姓，自由地穿梭于他们的私家园林。里面确实很大，大致分为宫殿区、湖泊区、平原区、山峦区四部分。我们拿着地图前行，走到每一个标志处都认真阅简介。很多的楹联和石碑上的文字，大多都是由皇帝们亲自撰写的，好些一时半会也读不懂，出于好奇的渴望，便用相机把它们拍下来。

在我们小时候所受的教育中，“鸦片战争”、“火烧圆明园”、那些令中国人国耻的“不平等条约”，几乎被外来强权撕碎、沉入屈辱没顶的泥淖中的中国就发生在清代，中国之所以落后于世界列强，关键是清代，因此，一提到清代，无不切齿痛恨。后来，在慢慢的阅读中，我知道了并不是整个清朝都那么令人痛恨。清代前期的几位皇帝不拘泥于民族的传统，而是以整个中华民族各支系的先进文化，甚至还曾吸收西方的传教士为本朝官吏，形成自己的治国政纲。而承德避署山庄几乎可以说是清朝“康乾盛世”的缩影。康熙是颇有作为的皇帝，不仅武功一流，而且极爱学习，也特别重视学问。他喜爱读史书，从历史中吸取教训。他以“修德安民”、“民心悦则邦本得，而边境自固，所谓‘众志成城’者是也”的思想，放弃修长城，而修建了这个幽静闲适的园林，以方便与北方的边疆少数民族建立起一种常来常往的友好关系，那些少数民族的首领不须长途跋涉到北京也有与朝廷交谊的机会和场所，以此来加强民族团结，巩固中央政权。所以，所谓避署山庄的意义远不仅限于皇室官吏们避署之用，它也是清朝皇帝亲政的一种手段。

毕竟是天下之君主，可以不受任何限制，随心所欲，呆在一个地方总想着把天下美景尽收眼底。如众多建造别致、掩映在湖光山色中的亭台殿阁之一的“文津阁”，便是仿宁波天阁而建造的皇家藏书楼。据说当年乾隆皇帝下令修阁楼时，要求在阁前假山怪石嶙峋，一汪清澈池水的美景中，当艳阳高照的时候，同时要看到月亮，否则将招来杀头之罪。这可把工匠们急坏了，最后有一位工匠想出了一个绝妙的办法，在假山洞上构筑了一个像弯月一样的石孔露窗，当光线透过石孔射到明净的池中，犹如弯月落入水中，形成了抬头看日，低头观月的景观。今天到此旅游的人们，都喜欢在洞前举手托月照像留念，我看这些人比皇帝的想像力还要丰富，当然，我们也没免俗。几乎每一处景观都是引经据古，有根有据的，如康熙45年建的“香远溢清”，就是取宋代周敦颐《爱莲说》中“出淤泥而不染，濯清涟而不妖……香远溢清，亭亭静植”的经典佳句而得名的。荷花盛开的季节，康熙、乾隆两位皇帝都曾与大臣和少数民族的首领们在此饮酒赋诗。当年诗人的借物抒怀，来这里抒情的皇帝和大臣们是否具备了这样的高尚品质，我不敢断言，但当时的皇帝崇尚这样的美德，有那么一种美好的愿望也是难能可贵的了。

避署山庄翠峦叠嶂的背后，围有一圈香火缭绕的寺庙，叫“外八庙”。这是为来避暑山庄的各族首领及贵族准备的各自的宗教场所，又一个侧面反映了当时的清朝政府和边疆各民族的亲密关系。在游完避暑山庄的第二天，一大早我们便乘路车直奔“外八庙”。为了避免走马观花，我们选择了一座建筑面积最大的“普陀宗乘之庙”。“普陀宗乘”是藏语“布达拉”的音译，因此它有小布达拉宫之美称，是中原地区虔诚信徒竟相朝拜的佛教圣地。这座建筑精美，气势雄伟的庙宇位于避暑山庄北面山麓的陽坡上，前部份的建筑是汉族式样，后部份则是藏族式样，它融合了汉、藏佛教文化艺术之精华。当我们来到最高处时，映入眼帘的是一片郁郁苍苍、以及在阳光的照射下闪闪发光的金色屋顶，让人有了一种内心愉悦和轻松的快感。据说那屋顶上金灿灿的表面是真正的黄金，但是，我们看到了好多被刮的痕迹，说是日本人侵略中国的时候被刮走的。之所以屋顶上还有些完好无损，据说，一日本士兵正在刮黄金时，被一个晴天霹雳当场炸死，吓得他们再也不敢上去了，寺庙中的很多国宝都是那时被掠走的。听了这样的故事，放松的心一下便沉重起来了。

访古探幽，回顾历史，我们骄傲我们悠久而灿烂的中华民族文明史，但我们也永远不会忘掉曾沉沦在屈辱中、被世界列强任意撕裂 的历史。在祖国母亲走过了60华诞的今天，我们自豪地仰望鲜艳的五星红旗在天空中高高飘扬，一个崛起的中华民族正在走向强大。我们庆幸我们赶上了一个美好的时代。

祝愿祖国母亲永远繁荣昌盛!

Welcome to Dongguan. The first thing we need to pay attention to when wecome to Dongguan is the pronunciation of our city name. Many friends who camehere before read it as "Dongwan" just because there is an idiom called smile.You are very happy. We Dongguan people dont agree. How can we become a bowl?Dongguan is only rich in a kind of aquatic plants, called guancao. Itspronunciation is "Guan". It is also in the east of Guangzhou, so it graduallyhas the name of Dongguan.

Some people may want to ask, what is the use of guancao? It used to be veryuseful in the past. It was hot in Guangdong. In the past, Cantonese used to havemats on their beds all year round. What kind of mats were they made of? This isguancao! At that time, it was also exported to Hong Kong and Southeast Asia inbulk, because the weather there was also very hot! In the past, when studentsfrom Guangdong went to Beijing to study, everyone took a mat instead of amattress. In winter, there was only one mat on the bed board. When the schoolleaders checked the students dormitories, they almost burst into tears. Theyquickly asked the students office to subsidize him with a mattress. As aresult, when they went to see it in a few days, the mattress was supplemented,but there was also a mat on it. There was really no way to take them. This isour guancao The huge attraction of Xi! But now the grass industry in Dongguan ismiserable. Because peoples living standards have improved and every family hasbeen equipped with air conditioners, the industry has come to an end. Now if youwant to see the grass mat in Dongguan, you have to go to the museum!

OK, now our car is in the center of Dongguan City. Do you see the ancientcity building in front of us, which is a bit like Tiananmen Square? That is thewest gate of Dongguan. It was built in the Ming Dynasty. Some tourists aresurprised that Dongguan has a long history. In fact, Dongguan has a much longerhistory than this. The first official office was set up here by the firstemperor of Qin Dynasty. Dongguan county was set up in the Three Kingdoms period,and Dongguan county was set up in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Unfortunately, it wasDongguan County until 1985. Look at us here. We have been a county for nearly20__ years!

What is more, what is the reason why, in the past, there was no such thingas Dongguan in history. Destructed opium in the town, such as "Humen tobacco",everyone knows it, but Humen is just a town in Dongguan. Everyone who readshistory books knows Humen, but no one knows Dongguan. If we had named Dongguantobacco for that year, then Dongguan would have known destructed opium.

This tower is called Yingen tower. It is said that during the Hongwu Periodof the Ming Dynasty, Japanese pirates often came here to plunder. At that time,there was no barrier around Dongguan. So a general named Chang ran led the armyand the people to build a city wall and four gates around Dongguan. The wholewall was 1299 feet long, which surrounded the whole Dongguan City. At that time,the gate was closed, xiaori Lets jump outside the city! No matter whether itsa ninja or a tortoise, it cant get in.

Moreover, the city wall has the function of flood control. When there is aflood in summer, the city gate is blocked with sandbags, so that the city willnot be flooded. Its really making the people rich. Therefore, the people ofDongguan have a lot of feelings for this building. Even though the urban area ischanging, they are reluctant to demolish the old building. Now they haveinvested a lot of money to rebuild the surrounding area into xichengmen CulturalSquare, which has become an important place for citizens to have leisure andentertainment and hold large-scale festivals. You can see that behind theancient city building is the newly built four-star hotel in Dongguan. Does itfeel like "five thousand years at a glance" standing here?

Well, our car continues to show you around the city. Have you noticed thatthere are many majestic motorcycle mounted policemen on the streets of Dongguan?This is our 110 public security police in Dongguan. They are very quick. Theypromise to arrive at the scene within 5 minutes when they report the case. Butthere is one. They dont wear white police uniforms, but colorful camouflageclothes. So some tourists say that Dongguan seems to be under militarymanagement. Dont get me wrong. Our Dongguan is not under military management,but the police are armed police. So they wear this kind of green clothes, maybebecause everyone likes green. You dont see our Dongguan How good is thegreening of the block? The roads are like gardens. The copyright ofthis article is owned by the original author and source.

However, Dongguan was not so beautiful in the past, but now it is mainlyforced by Shenzhen, because Dongguan and Shenzhen are both built on the same 107national highway. Once upon a time, people from Shenzhen moved Miaopu to thestreet, and then they went to Dongguan, where, wow, there are houses everywhere.The whole big construction site is full of mud trucks, The cement road haschanged into a yellow mud road. There are some small trees on the roadsideoccasionally, and the leaves are also covered with a layer of ash powder.Therefore, the environmental reputation of Dongguan was bad at that time. Nowyou can see that there are several green belts on the roadside, including darkgreen trees, light green grass, red flowers and golden petals. We are all proudto live here!

OK, now look at the car window. Do you see the strange building withChinese style cornice and glazed tile roof in the front and Western stylefactory building in the back? That is the branch of the famous Swiss Nestlecoffee company in Dongguan. They may have designed the gate and wall of thefactory with glazed tile roof to express their respect for Chinese culture, butthe factory keeps its western architectural characteristics, which is a typicalreflection of the characteristics of Dongguan industry, that is, Sino foreignjoint venture.

Dongguan is a famous hometown of overseas Chinese in Guangdong Province,mainly Hong Kong compatriots. There is a saying in Hong Kong that "one out ofevery 10 Hong Kong people is from Dongguan". There is also a saying in Dongguanthat "every Dongguan family has at least one relative in Hong Kong.". Somepeople may not understand the relationship between this and Dongguan industry.This is because at that time, Hong Kong received many foreign orders for toys,electronics and other processing. It was too expensive to produce labor in HongKong. Therefore, after favorable policies, they all moved their factories to themainland one after another. Where is the best place to move to the mainland? Ofcourse, its moving to a place close to you and where you have acquaintances. SoDongguan became their first choice.

Now, its no longer just small-scale Hong Kong private enterprises settingup factories in Dongguan. Many well-known international companies have alsochosen Dongguan, such as the famous Nokia company, the Nestle coffee company wesaw just now, and the company that produces the golden overlord battery. Thereare also many large factories in Chinese Taiwan, all of which are listed companies inChinese Taiwan. Some of the factories set up here are as large as a few in one factoryTen thousand people! For example, the largest Yuyuan shoe factory producesfamous brand sports shoes such as Nike, Adidas and fina. There are nearly 100000people in one factory! According to media reports, one of the ten pairs ofsports shoes in the world is made in Dongguan, and 80% of the worlds mice aremade in Dongguan. This achievement is also the result of the efforts of a largenumber of foreign workers and technicians. Therefore, the number of localresidents in Dongguan is 1.5 million, while that of foreign ones is 3million.

女士们、先生们：

大家好，欢迎您来清西陵观光游览，我是导游员__，旅途中您有什么意见和要求尽管提出来，我愿竭诚为您服务，我们今天的日程是这样为大家安排的：首先参观泰陵,中午到行宫就餐，下午参观崇陵。

泰 陵

清西陵是中国最后一个封建王朝—清朝的陵墓建筑群之一，位于北京西南125公里处的河北省易县境内。在800平方公里的陵区范围内，建有帝陵、后陵、妃园寝、王爷、公主、阿哥园寝等十四座，还有行宫、永福寺两处附属建筑及衙署营房遗址，品种齐全、布局合理。陵区内保存有古松一万五千余株，这些树不但美化了西陵，而且可以避免外界风沙的侵袭和热气、寒流的影响，为西陵营造了一个特别的小气候，使陵寝处于一个独立完整的自然环境之中，使这里的建筑，得以很好地保存。清西陵的历史、文化艺术价值极高，在20__年11月30日被联合国教科文组织列入了《世界遗产名录》，在20__年1月11日被国家旅游局评为首批4A景区。

清西陵中，雍正皇帝的泰陵建筑最早、规模最大，堪称首陵。这是一处清朝盛世时期遗存下来的古建群体，从它的选址、规划，布局都反映出当时国家的强盛以及政局的稳定，在建筑用料、工程技术，传统工艺等方面也都非常考究。

当代建筑学家讲，泰陵是一处典型的风水宝地的模式。站在大红门前五孔桥上环顾四周，可以看到，北面有连绵起伏的永宁山，为靠山，酷似屏障。永宁山是太行山的余脉，与东陵的昌瑞山属于同一脉系，此山从山西过来，如巨龙横卧中原;大红门两侧的东、西华盖山为天然门户;九龙、九凤山为环护左、右的低岭;南面形态端庄的元宝山，为泰陵的朝山;在中间广阔的平原上座落着泰陵辉宏壮丽，错落有致的建筑群。易水河从五孔桥下流过，形成山映于水，水扶于山的格局。“陵制与山水相称，天人合一”的宇宙观在这里充分体现出来，同时又展示出古代建筑学家巧夺天工的高超艺术。正如美国景观建筑学权威西蒙德先生所说的：“埃及人是在他自己预定的一条不能改变的需求道路上一直走到底，中国人在他的世界里独自徘徊时有友好的大自然来引导他拜谒上天和祖坟。所以没有任何一个地方，风景会真正成为建筑艺术材料。”

泰陵的建筑布局也非常考究，完全依照帝王生前所居宫廷格局，按礼制的需要而规划设计。以神道为中轴线贯穿南北，主体建筑安排在中轴线上，一律座北朝南;地宫座落在中轴线的末端，居中当阳，其余建筑沿中轴线次第排开。这些建筑都以准确的尺度，适宜的体量，斑斓的色彩，灵活巧妙的手法进行配制和空间组合，使陵寝的纪念性、礼制性主题有条不紊地展开并不断深化。

石牌坊是泰陵最具特色的建筑之一，泰陵设三架，无论是从数量还是排列形式上都独具一格。一架面南、两各东西，与北面的大红门形成一个宽敞的四合院。三架牌坊的大小、规制完全一样，均由66块大小石料，仿木卯榫结合而成，每架牌坊高12.75米，宽31.85米，为五间六柱十一楼造型，全部用巨大的青白石打造，各个部位还雕有丰富的纹饰，画面布局合理，造型生动，雕工细腻，玲珑剔透，生机盎然。这在中国历代帝王陵墓中尚属孤品。成为清西陵列入世界文化遗产最具有价值的建筑之一。

整个陵区注重对门的处理，门既可作为出入之用，也可截断空间界面。大红门是进入陵区的总门户，单檐庑殿顶，看上去质朴、凝重、敦实、稳重，视若腾龙偃卧，镇守陵前。两侧有42华里的风水墙，逶迤延展，包护陵区，愈发显出大红门的庄严气派。

具服殿独成一院，是供后代皇帝、后妃来谒陵祭祖时更换衣服的场所，沿续明代拂座殿而建，殿内有净房，类似于现在的洗手间，内有绣花墩马桶。而今为了方便游人，在净房的旁边建有一座水冲厕所。

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圣德神功碑楼是记述皇帝生平功德的主要建筑之一，俗称大碑楼，建成于1739年，花费白银十三万一千五百两。大碑楼占地5.54亩，高26.05米，四面辟门，为重檐九脊歇山顶，稳中有变，富丽典雅。它座落在方形广场的正中，四角各有一根高12米的华表相衬，使碑楼显得更加庄严、肃穆、雄伟、壮观。四根华表的柱身均用整块石料雕成，呈圆柱形，直径1.5米，周身浮雕着朵朵云团，一条巨龙于云朵间盘绕柱身扶摇而上，带有呼之欲出的动态感。华表也叫擎天柱，又称墓表。起源于远古时代，初为木质，为纳谏而设，又叫诽谤木。在陵墓神道上设华表，在西汉时期就很流行，是木质华表，石刻华表在东汉时盛行。华表装饰着象征皇权的云龙图纹，作为皇家建筑的特殊标志，衬托出主体建筑的高大，使其更加宏伟壮观。

碑楼内，矗立着两统巨大的石碑，每统碑重56.55吨，碑身阳面用满汉两种文字镌刻着雍正皇帝生前的丰功伟绩，大约五千字，这是一部给雍正歌功颂德的重要资料。

绕过碑楼，是一座七孔石拱桥，这是清西陵四十九座桥梁中最长的，长107米，宽21米。(栏板上是二十四节气望柱头，又称火焰望柱头。柱头上有二十四条阴刻线，代表二十四节气。因为有河才有桥，而河位于田野之中，大地与田野不可分，与二十四节气有一定的关系，耕种、浇灌都离不开二十四节气。)像这样巨大而完美的石桥在中国是不多见的。它对于建筑物的布局组合起着连接作用，使组合群的层次明显，过渡自然，紧凑而不松散，同时也显示出一种庄严肃穆的气氛。

走下七孔桥，可见在神路的两侧对称排列着的雕刻精美的石望柱、石狮、石象、石马、武将、文臣等五对石像生。

望柱为六角形石柱，柱身雕流云纹饰，底部为六角形的须弥座。在宋代以前，石望柱置于墓道的最前面，为主要建筑，因为明、清陵时石牌坊作为陵墓前主要建筑，所以石望柱退居次要位置，纯属装饰。

石像生是设置在陵墓前的由石人石兽组成的石雕群，来显示死者生前的地位，身份。泰陵原来并未安设石像生，乾隆登基后，认为陵寝不设石像生，与典制不符，想在此泰陵增设石像生，而臣工们(风水大师：高其悼、洪文澜)则坚持：“泰陵甬道，系随山川之形势盘旋修理，如设立石像生，不能依其丈尺，整齐安设，而甬路转旋之处，必有向背参差之所，则于风水地形，不宜安设”。所以泰陵不设石像生并非违备典制，而是与风水有关。乾隆建议将大红门，龙凤门向南展拓，于是臣工们尊旨赴现场审核了原有计划并向乾隆奏议：“大红门正在龙蟠虎踞之间，护北面随龙升这旺气，纳南面特朝环抱之水，前朝后拱，天心十道，时天造地设之门户，不便展拓向外，况石像生之设，古制未详，无大关典礼之处，似可毋庸添设”。一言九鼎的天子，面对臣工的据理力争，也无可奈何，于是在奏折上批道：“知道了”。此事不了了之。事隔几年，乾隆旧事重提，最终在1748年，大臣拗不过皇帝，在泰陵前安设了五对石像生，这样就失去了龙凤门横陈为底景的依托，而又失去了石像生拱卫迎候于门前，聚巧形而展示的效果。所以泰陵石像生在所有建筑中是一个败笔，但由于臣工们极端负责的态度与皇帝的据理力争，所以也未伤及大雅。

蜘蛛山是泰陵的案山，据刘敦祯先生讲，此山系人工所为，可这里原有一座小山，又往上放了一些施工中剩下的废料。那么案山在陵区究竟起什么作用呢?因风水讲，无朝案遮拦未免飘散生气，所以案山会使陵区生气发越。

通向宝顶的引导大道—神道在里突然拐弯，是因为中国古建筑讲：贵含蓄，忌直接。

后面的建筑不能直接尽收眼底，应该慢慢展开，所以当我们漫步于弯弯曲曲的神道上，就好像置身于意向深远的空间环境氛围之中。

龙凤门是一座雍容华贵的建筑，为庑殿顶火焰式石牌坊柱门，黄色琉璃瓦的看面墙，墙下有宽厚敦实的洁白色须弥座，构成丰富细致，色彩斑澜、华丽富贵的形体，整座龙凤门充满了动势。高低错落的轮廓线，挺拔的石柱上雕刻云板、云墩和蹲龙，横直如矢的大小额坊和顶部火焰宝珠，看面墙上云纹腾龙的花心和岔角牡丹花叶，墙顶蓝绿色三彩斗拱所撑托的金色琉璃庑殿顶等等，都给人以丰富多彩，引人入胜的感受。龙凤门的近形风姿与远视气魄巧妙溶汇，相登相生，出神入化，给人以丰富的视觉艺术感受，不愧是古代哲匠的精心杰作。

三孔桥虽没有七孔桥那么宏大，但工匠师们都把它建造的小巧玲珑，优美动人，将两侧的栏板用优雅的券形曲线组合。站在三孔桥上驻足观看，陵寝宫殿群在紫色的永宁山衬托下，同时向东西两翼逶迤延展，把一种统一性的内涵，一种非同凡响的稳重、宁静、庄严肃穆的气氛，充分体现出来。

三路九孔桥并肩横跨于最后一座马槽沟上，除自然形成的三条河以外，后两道是人工开凿而成，山陵环境质量的完善非常注重对水的处理。水对于大地来说为血脉，能够造就大自然的钟灵毓秀，使生气发越;水还可以界分空间，形成丰富的空间层次及谐和的环境组合，而且山水相得如方圆中之规矩，山水相济如堂室之门户。因此陵区所有随桥泊岸，酌量地势修理，不使浸湿地宫;修筑堤坎，而且也使水流弯环，免其激射有声，破坏宁静的山陵气氛。所以马槽沟弯如飘带，柔如轻纱，造成“来宜曲水向我，去宜盘旋顾恋”的水势。充分体现出水对帝穴的留恋之情。所以陵区一山一水皆有义，一草一木总关情。

神厨库是座东朝西的小院，内建神厨。神库和省牲亭等建筑，是祭祀时制作和存放各种肉食品的地方。

神道碑亭又称小碑楼，内矗立皇帝谥号碑，重檐歇山，黄色琉璃瓦覆顶，四角翘飞，形式与大碑楼相仿，但规模缩减了二分之一左右。内竖一统石碑，用满、汉、蒙三种文字刻写着雍正皇帝谥号。

东、西朝房是为祭祀准备奶茶和瓜果的地方，又叫茶膳房，是根据关外奶房，果房的遗制而制造的。

东、西班房均为布瓦卷棚顶，为值班房，也叫守护房。清代皇帝继位之后，便大兴土木，耗费大量的人力、物力、财力为之修陵筑墓。因而皇陵的保护便成为重要任务，这一任务由深受皇帝信任的八旗兵来担负。他们采用换班的方法沿着陵院外的更道昼夜巡逻。如阴雨天气可在值班房内躲避休息。

隆恩门是进入宫殿区的门户，是整个陵寝组合群引导建筑的结束与主体建筑的开始。两侧是宽厚高大的朱红围墙，把宫殿区的所有建筑包围起来，使其形成结构严谨的两层院落。

焚帛炉，又叫燎炉，是为皇帝祭祀时焚烧五色纸和金银锞的地方。炉高4米，单檐歇山顶，周身用黄琉璃瓦构件制成，炉基为须弥座。炉内四壁及上下均为铁板，下面是三个铁槽，顶部两角各有一出烟孔，底座下部两侧各有一扒灰口。整座建筑比例适中，色调合协，雍容华贵，精巧秀致。

东配殿是存放祝板和制帛的地方，同时又是临时存放神牌的地方。每当大修隆恩殿时，帝、后的神牌就移到这里安放，在维修期间如遇上祭祀，也在此进行。西配殿则是喇嘛念经的地方，每当帝、后忌辰大祭之日，由永福寺派十三名喇嘛到此念经，为死去的皇帝超度亡灵。

正面的隆恩殿是陵寝地面建筑中最重要的建筑，为祭祀的主要场所。整座建筑建在巨大的汉白玉基座上，面阔五间、进深三间，重檐歇山式建筑，黄色琉璃瓦盖顶，显得庄严肃穆。其建筑结构非常牢固，所有的木件全部采用卯榫对接形式，梁、柱、檀、椽结合不死板禁锢，有灵活移动的余地，具有很强的防震功能。在发生强烈地震时，榫卯之间具有活动性能，将外部力量缓冲分解，震后仍可恢复原位。因此雍正八年以来的多次地震和一九七六年的唐山大地震，都没使清西陵的大木结构受到显著破坏，充分显示了中国古代工匠高超的建筑水平。

三座门也叫琉璃花门，中门比较高大，两侧墙上有琉璃岔角花和中心花，檐端用琉璃斗拱装饰。这种门占地面积较小，看上去显得较厚重，图案丰富，雍容华贵，具有很好的艺术效果。而且材料非常坚硬，耐高湿，有一劳永逸之功效。两侧分别接卡墙。阻隔南北，使宫殿区形成两层院落。清代建筑学家，不仅注重陵区单体建筑的形象与外观，而且更注重了它们之间的关系，组群布局发展到了登峰造极的地步，这种组群布局的实现依靠门户和墙体，将各单体建筑有效地组合分割，形成一个个院落，并将院落形成复杂的整体给人“庭院深深深几许”的意境。

二柱门横跨神道，石柱上架额坊，建筑形式为斗拱夹山顶。作为方城明楼的屏障。清朝前五代皇帝陵寝都在三座门以后建二柱门，自道光以后则裁撤，因为建筑中缩短了三座门与方城明楼之间的距离。

石五供是一组象征永久性祭祀的供品。基座是由三块巨石雕成的须弥座，这是我国传统建筑的台基样式，上面刻有八仙、八宝、八卦、琴棋书画等图案，所有这些都象征着吉祥如意，对研究中国古代的雕刻艺术有很好的参考价值。明楼属于纪念性的建筑物，高高地耸立在方城之上，使人置身于仰崇桥山的氛围之中，它与朱红色的墙体、金黄色的瓦顶与湛蓝的天空构成了一幅绚丽的画卷。

当我们踏上明楼在向南方远眺时，心中升起一种无比自豪的感觉。正前方五里之外的东西华盖山，九龙九凤山形成的自然门户，郁郁葱葱的古松树弥漫于30里内外，座座殿宇、桥梁、门房、树木山川疏密相间，错落有致，气势北京的故宫、颐和园、承德的避暑山庄，明十三陵大有过之无不及。清陵在中国建筑史上留下了辉煌的一页，是中华民族的骄傲，是世界人民的骄傲，所以英国著名科学家里约瑟说：“皇陵在中国建筑制式上是一重大成就，它整个图案的内容也许就是整个建筑部分与风景艺术相结合的最伟大的例子”。雍正在选定易州境内天平峪时，说这里是：“乾坤聚秀之区，阴阳合会之所，龙穴砂石，无美不收，形势理气，诸吉咸备”的风水宝地。而历经180年，十四座陵寝完工以后，自然景观又加之人文景观，就形成了：“山自太行来，巍峨耸拔，脉秀力丰，峻岭崇岗，远拱于外，灵岩翠岫，环卫其间，迄下山岗无数，如手之有指，每两岗之平坦开拓处诸陵在焉，花之瓣，笋之箨，层层包护”，的人间胜境，是“龙蟠风翥，源远流长，左右回环，前后拱卫，实如金城玉笋的秀美风光”。

朋友们，到次为止，西陵的参观就告一段落，谢谢大家的合作，请您留下宝贵的意见，真诚的欢迎您的再次光临，祝大家归途愉快，再见!

昌 陵

昌陵位于泰陵西侧1公里处，葬有嘉庆皇帝和孝淑睿皇后，自1796年开始修建到1803年峻工，距今已有190多年的历史。

昌陵是东、西陵中较有特色的一座，是研究清代陵寝制度不可多得的实物见证。在清代所有陵寝中昌陵是唯一一处由太上皇选定的陵址。1796年，乾隆在当满了60年皇帝之后，履行自己继位之初的诺言，让位于嘉庆，自己当上了名副其实的太上皇，并根据自己曾有谕旨：“嗣后吉地，各依昭穆次序;在东、西陵界内分建”。把自己在泰陵西侧1公里处选定的陵址赐给了儿子嘉庆。这对嘉庆来说是一种莫大的殊荣，同时也体现出太上皇的威严。

嘉庆皇帝是清朝入关后第五代皇帝，为乾隆的第十五子，37岁继承皇帝位，但仍由乾隆皇帝训政。嘉庆四年，太上皇驾崩，此时40岁的嘉庆才有了实权，而大清帝国也已从鼎盛的巅峰跌落下来，开始走下坡路。当时清王朝已危机四伏，内创累累。嘉庆皇帝在这种情况下，能够励精图治，革除弊政，全力维持祖宗留下的基业。但却墨守成规，遵循守旧，所以一生中没有什么特殊的政绩，昌陵正是在这样的背景下建造起来的。

尽管如此，昌陵的建筑规模与规制仍能与泰陵相媲美，除没有石牌坊、大红门、具服殿和七孔桥外，其它建筑的种类与式样均等同。而宝顶比泰陵宝顶还要高出数尺，圣德神功碑楼与隆恩殿也比泰陵的更为壮观。

昌陵隆恩殿的地面更独具特色，全部采用珍贵的紫花石铺墁。紫花石，产于河南，每块62厘米见方，呈正方形，磨光烫蜡，不滑不涩，缝细如线，平亮如砥，石面呈黄色，缀以天然形成的紫色花纹图案。其状如竹笋、似春蚕、若芙蓉、像绒球，千姿百态，在阳光照耀下，似满堂宝石，熠熠生辉，令人叹为观止，所以昌陵有“满堂宝石”之称。

隆恩殿内东暖阁的佛楼仍保持着当初的模样，其它各帝陵隆恩殿的佛楼，经过战争的毁坏，只剩下空间，唯独这座佛楼至今整体完好。佛楼分下、下两层，上层有木雕垂花，精湛优美，涂金闪亮;下层有木制边饰，朱红底色，鲜丽耀眼。按清代建陵规制，东暖阁均为佛楼，佛龛里供奉着金、银、玉、翠的佛像。

据现存的“雷氏图纸”中考证，昌陵地宫结构比泰陵还要宏大，雕刻也十分精美，为“四门九券”，且有佛像经文雕刻。与现已开放的清东陵境内乾隆的裕陵地宫规模装饰相近。而裕陵地宫为现已考证的清帝陵地宫中最为壮观、珍贵的一座，既是一座不可多得的石雕艺术宝库，又是一座庄严肃穆的地下佛堂。同样昌陵地宫也具有诱人的魅力，券顶外的宝顶封土内也有石雕，其结构造型与陵寝宫殿的瓦脊、勾滴等相同，先按地面建筑的要求营造好地宫，然后再覆土掩埋。形成清代皇帝陵寝地宫结构中独具特色的风格。

慕 陵

慕陵位于陵区的最西端，始建于一八三一年，完工于一八三五年，内葬道光皇帝及孝穆、孝全、孝慎三个皇后。慕陵建筑面积虽没有泰陵那样广阔，建筑也不如泰陵那样宏伟，布局更不如泰陵那样完善，但它那别出新裁的设计以及独特的建筑手法，却成为清代帝王陵寝中绝无仅有的艺术珍品。

按照乾隆开创的父、子分葬，选定东、西的“兆葬之制”，道光皇帝应该在清东陵境内选选址建陵，所以道光于1821年即位后，花费了七年的时间在东陵的宝华峪营建了陵墓，但后因施工质量问题，造成地宫浸水。于是道光皇帝便下令拆掉原陵，又于1831年来西陵祭祖之际亲自选定了一块高平之地—龙泉峪作为自己的万年吉地，第二次营建了陵墓。

这次建陵，道光皇帝一改其它帝陵的建筑特点，裁撤了石像生、圣德神功碑楼、方城明楼等项建筑，而且主体建筑的三大殿全部采用昂贵的金丝楠木制作，不施彩绘，保持了木本色。外面烫蜡。虽看起来不是那么富丽堂皇，但却赋予人们古朴，典雅的感觉。最令人惊叹的是在三座殿的门窗膈扇、梁柱、雀替、天花、藻井上布满了形态各异的木雕龙，尤其天花板上都以高浮雕的手法制成向下府视的龙头，有的地方还采用高出平面半尺有余的透雕手法。走进殿内，举目上望，但见龙头济口，张口鼓腮，栩栩如生。整个雕刻构思严谨，线条流畅，刀法娴熟，制作精巧，形象生动，充满着详和气氛，成为稀世珍品。使人仿佛来到了一座雕龙博物馆，难怪有人说：“慕陵是座雕刻艺术的殿堂”。

隆恩殿后面的三座门由一架天然汉白玉石牌坊代替，牌坊正中刻有“慕陵”二字，背面刻有道光皇帝亲笔诛谕：“敬瞻东北，永慕无穷，云山密尔。呜呼!其慕与慕也”。依清朝规制，帝、后陵名一般由后继皇帝钦定，但是慕陵名称却是道光皇帝生前亲自默定。道光十五年，他来西陵谒陵，顺便阅视了正在修建的陵寝工程，并赴隆恩殿至孝穆、孝慎梓宫前奠酒，而后立于月台上，仰望东北方感慨地写下了这道诛谕。道光驾崩后，咸丰即位，重读诛谕，见“其慕与慕也”一句，便心领神会，于是立刻命雕工把“慕陵”二字雕于牌坊之上。

无论从规划布局，还是建筑风格方面，慕陵处处体它的独到之处，成为清朝入关后皇帝陵寝建筑中的珍品。

崇 陵

崇陵是中国封建皇帝最后一座陵墓，始建于1909年，完工于1915年，内葬光绪皇帝和孝定景皇后。

崇陵工程是在光绪皇帝死后第二年才开始修建的，这与清朝建陵典制完全不符，大清皇帝在承袭了明代陵墓制度的同时，又不断完善陵寝制度，不仅活着的时候讲究安逸奢侈，而且死后在建筑陵寝上也要表示出至高无尚的尊贵地位。所以生前就选好陵址，并建好陵墓。

据考证，崇陵陵址是在光绪十三年(1887年)选定并定陵名，但由于当时的清王朝国库空虚，外债累累，加之光绪和慈禧之间形成了尖锐的矛盾和斗争，陵寝的营建就不可能了。直到1909年，光绪死后第二年，崇陵工程才开始动工修建，其间又值1911年辛亥革命爆发，工程被迫停止。1912年，末代皇帝溥仪向民国宣布退位时，向民国政府提出了八项优待皇室条件，其中第五条要求：“德宗崇陵未完工程，如制妥修。其奉安典礼仍如旧制，所有实用经费均由中华民国支付”。1913年春，民国政府根据这一条件，经协商之后立即拨款，并于1915年全部完工。

崇陵在建筑规模上比其它帝陵均小，没有大碑楼、石像生、二柱门等项建筑，但基本上沿袭了明、清两朝的陵寝制度，并集清代各陵的建筑经验于一体，采用先进的建筑技术，用料考究，主要建筑的三大殿全部采用质地坚硬的铜藻、铁藻木料构成，素有“铜梁铁柱”之称。隆恩殿内的四根明柱采用沥粉贴金盘龙装饰，为皇帝陵中的独到之处。檐下增设了通风孔，可使殿内空气流通，以防木料腐朽。就其建筑群体而论，设有较完备的排水系统，宫殿四角设有散水坡，便于雨水的排放。明楼与三座门前分别挖砌了御带河，地宫内凿有十四个漏水眼与之相通，为地宫排水之用。

崇陵虽建于清末民初，但建筑规制仍宏伟壮观。在众多的建筑物中，地宫工程最为浩大，崇陵地宫如同其它帝陵的地宫一样，为拱券式石结构建筑，共有四门九券。墓道全长63.19米，面积349.95米，空间2170.65立方米。四道石门是地宫的重要组成部分，每扇石门上浮雕菩萨立像一尊，佛像大小与真人差不多，各个头戴佛冠，身披伽裟，足蹬莲花座，手持法器，分别代表力量、智慧、愿望、富贵等。过了四道门便是地宫九券中最大的一个券—金券，这里是地宫的主体建筑，高大宽敝，内有宝床，上面安放着皇帝、皇后的梓宫。

1938年，一伙不明身份的军人盗掘了崇陵地宫，1980年由政府将其清理并对外开放。虽然崇陵地宫没有乾隆的裕陵地宫那样规模宏大，雕刻精美，但它却成为研究晚清皇帝陵寝地宫规制的实物见证。

昌西陵

在清西陵境内共有三座皇后陵，分别为泰东陵、昌西陵和慕东陵，其中泰东陵，无论从规模、规制上都是清代后陵中的姣姣者，而昌西陵在这些方面却无法与之媲美，但它却形成了自己独到的建筑风格。在中国古建筑中只有两处回音壁，一处是天坛，而另一处以是昌西陵。

昌西陵始建于1851年，完工于1853年，内葬嘉庆的孝和睿皇后，清朝从康熙初期开始，皇后薨于皇帝之后，便另选陵址，不再合葬帝陵地宫，而且陵寝不再另立陵名，而按皇帝陵寝所处方位而定，因其陵寝在昌陵西侧，所以定陵名为昌西陵。

与其它皇后陵寝比起来，昌西陵的规制大为缩减。主要裁撤了方城明楼，缩减了隆恩殿和配殿的规制，隆恩殿由重檐歇山顶，面阔五间，改为单檐歇山，面阔五间，并裁撤了大殿及月台周围的石栏杆，不设丹陛石，配殿由五间改为三间。隆恩门也由五间改为三间，陵寝门的两个角门由带门楼改为随墙门，与妃园寝的园寝门一样。

尽管昌西陵规制大为缩减，较前代皇后陵大为逊色，但也有其独特和值得称道的地方。

昌西陵有回音壁。和其它陵寝一样，昌西陵后围墙也是弧形墙在陵寝建筑中叫罗圈墙，就可听到很大的回声，其形式和原理与北京天坛的回音壁一样，因此人们把昌西陵的罗圈墙也称作回音壁。

除回音壁以外，这里还有一块回音石，那就是宝顶前面倒数第七块条石。站在这块石头上讲话，就能听到比原声大十倍或数十倍的回声，所以人们称它为回音石，这种奇特的回音壁和回音石现象的出现，是声学原理和古代建筑形式的巧合。声波的波长肯定小于围墙半径，声波以束状沿墙连续反射前进，使声音像打电话般清晰地传到对方耳中。

正是由于昌西陵的独到的建筑风格，使它对游人产生了无可替代的魅力，同时也对研究古代建筑提供了不可多得的实物例证。

不难看出，清西陵是一部清朝历史的写照，体现了中国历代帝王陵寝的最高水准，更是一部精美的艺术杰作，座座陵寝都反映出清朝的历史文化，建筑文化，生态文化和风水文化。成为自然环境与陵寝建筑相结合的最伟大的例子。

朋友们，我们今天的旅游到此结束了，谢谢大家的合作，请您留下宝贵的意见，真诚的欢迎您的再次光临，祝大家归途愉快，再见!

Ladies and gentlemen:

Everybody is good! I am the guide from the dunhuang mogao grottoes day trip, my name is Chen, you can call me Chen guide! Your eyes is the mogao grottoes, want to know what kind of mogao grottoes is? To listen to me slowly.

The mogao grottoes, located in the southeast of dunhuang city, about 25 kilometers away from the city, spoilers wat to open in China east cliff. It is Chinas largest classical art treasure, it is a center of buddhist art.

Number of tourists, cave 492, more than 20xx statues statue, 33 meters, the largest minimum only 10 centimeters. So, the most famous statue in the mogao grottoes.

If the total area of 45000 square meters, the mural to arrange all the paintings, there are 30 kilometers long. If say the mogao grottoes of dunhuang is famous the world, so, make the mogao grottoes is famous for its first these murals, is traveling to visit.

The mogao grottoes in 1987 UNESCO world cultural heritage, is the most key cultural relics protection.

Okay, now I introduce to here, please walk. Cant throw the peel and other trash, graffito of the scribble on the murals, to protect cultural relics.

Thank you very much!

The capital of Jiangxi Province. As the political, economic, cultural andtransportation center of the province, it is a city with a long history andglorious revolutionary tradition. Located in the north of central JiangxiProvince, Ganjiang River, Fuhe Weige, Poyang Lake plain area. The total area is7402.26 square miles. The urban area is about 1.24 million. The city governsfive districts including Donghu, Xihu, Qingyunpu, Wanli and suburban areas, andfour counties including Nanchang, Xinjian, Jinxian and Anyi.

The main ethnic group is the Han nationality, and there are 26 ethnicminorities, including Manchu, Mongolian, Hui, Zhuang, Tibetan and Miao.

The landform is mainly plain, with vast waters and a large number of hillsand hills. Ganjiang River and Fuhe river flow through the territory from southto north. The whole terrain is high in the West and Southeast and low in thenorth. The average annual temperature ranges from 17.1 ℃ to 17.7 ℃, and theannual precipitation ranges from 1515 mm to 1595 mm.

Nanchang was founded in 20__ B.C. (the fifth year of emperor Gaozu of theHan Dynasty). Guan Ying, a famous general of the Han Dynasty, was ordered tolead his troops to Nanchang and formally set up Yuzhang county and NanchangCounty. The next year (before 201), a local city was built in Nanchang, whichwas called "Guancheng". After that, Nanchang changed its name: Yuzhang County inHan Dynasty, Yuzhang state in Southern Dynasty. In the Sui Dynasty, Hongzhougeneral managers office was set up in Nanchang. At the beginning of Dayeperiod, Yuzhang county was rebuilt by abolishing the state, and Nanchang waschanged into Yuzhang County, which was the county, government, county, andDaozhi of the past dynasties. The city was founded in 1926 and the NanchangMunicipal Peoples government was established on June 7, 1949.

The land is fertile, the water area is broad, and the resources are rich.The total land area of the city is 10.35 million mu, including 4.4698 million muof cultivated land and 3.3065 million mu of water area. The main economic fishare grass, silver carp, carp, crucian carp, flat, silver carp, etc. The mineralresources include granite, quartz, ceramic clay, coal, crystal and copper. Thereare many wild animals and plants in lush Xishan.

Nanchang city is located in the north and south traffic arteries of ourcountry. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, most of the official and commercialexchanges between the north and the South passed through Nanchang. The existingwater, land and air transportation network can reach the whole province and allparts of the country. Nanchang air station can directly connect with Beijing,Shanghai, Guangzhou, Xiamen, Wuhan, Fuzhou, Hong Kong and other places. Industrydominates housing. The citys industries focus on machinery, textile (clothing),food and electronics, as well as aircraft manufacturing, metallurgy, lightindustry, chemical industry, medicine, building materials and otherindustries.

Nanchang area has a long history of culture, known as "natural treasures,outstanding people". Wang Bos preface to Tengwang Pavilion in the early TangDynasty and Zhu Das painting and calligraphy in the late Ming and early QingDynasties are well-known both at home and abroad.

In 1986, Nanchang was named as a famous historical and cultural city by theState Council. The city has five national key cultural relics protection units,six provincial cultural relics protection units and 39 municipal cultural relicsprotection units. The former sites of the famous Nanchang Uprising headquarterson August 1, the former sites of Helong and yeting headquarters and the formersites of the New Fourth Army in the 1930s are all located in the city. There isalso Tengwang Pavilion, one of the four famous buildings in China.

Dear visitors, everybody is good, very glad to be your tour guide, my name is dai, you can call me wear guide, today were visiting place ─ ─ of lijiang.

You come with me. Here is the old town of lijiang. Lijiang has the dual nature and culture charm known as forget time, also known as "one of the most preserved ancient city of the big four". It is Chinas famous historical and cultural city not only in the ancient city wall. Lijiang ancient city is located in the yunnan-guizhou plateau, 2400 meters above sea level, the area of the city 3. 8 square kilometers. Now we came to the tiger leaping gorge.

There is a legend. Nu river, lancang river and jinsha river is the three sisters, sister nujiang love angry, two elder sister love try so hard, the lancang river three younger sister jinshajiang wanxian. Parents would send three sisters marry to the west, jinsha river dark about two sisters fled to south. Came to the town of lijiang, shek kwu, two sisters would continue to head south, jinsha river is determined to go to the east of the sun, just say goodbye to my sister, and turned toward the east, and formed the "Yangtze river first bay". Parents send yulong, khabarov brothers pursuit of the three sisters. Sit face to face two brothers came to lijiang white sands, blocking the way to the east. Run tired, two people take turns to wait agreement, who as French WenZhan let sisters. Turn khabarov waiting, yulong fell asleep.

Jinsha river before, put light footsteps, singing beautiful hypnosis. Her a gift for 18 teams, khabarov listen also fell asleep. Jinsha river from their feet slipped between the past. Yulong wake up and see the jinsha river ran to the east, early and khabarov still in a deep sleep, so we have to according to the French cut down khabarov head, turns back and wept bitterly. Two brothers turned to jade dragon snow mountain and haba snow mountain, khabarov head into a boulder fell into the river, tiger leaping gorge, and jinsha river sing eighteen song into 18 beach, tiger leaping gorge.

There are beautiful scenes of lijiang, could not say. The rest of the time, we are free to take pictures, pay attention to safety.

Since ancient times, many scholars have praised her. She is the hometownwhere I grew up - beautiful Xinxiang, a place of human nature and beauty,pleasant scenery and vigorous development.

She has a long history and culture, is one of the birthplaces of ancientChinese civilization, ancient civilization, rich culture has created a kind,simple, hardworking Xinxiang people; she has a large number of historical sites,rich cultural resources, has won a number of national heritage protectionprojects; With its superior geographical conditions, it has become the economicand transportation center of Northern Henan, and has the reputation of the Pearlof the central plains; it has rich water resources, and the "Mother River" - theYellow River nourishes the whole pastoral land and feeds the people of Xinxiang;She is rich in natural resources, and has won the honors of "Chinas bestecological livable city", "Chinas National Forest City", "National ExcellentTourism City"; she has a red and blooming city flower - "pomegranate flower",which encourages the people of Xinxiang to forge ahead, work hard, keep pacewith the times, and strive to build a reform and opening up, prosperous anddynamic new township; She has an impassioned City song, Xinxiang is morebrilliant tomorrow, which conveys the spirit of the times of Muyes children;she has delicious food, which brings health and happiness to peoples life; shehas rich educational resources, which endows us with knowledge and strength inthe rapid development and progress of society; she has rich educationalresources, which gives us rich knowledge and strength; She has many well-knownenterprises at home and abroad, constantly promoting the development of urbanmodernization and industrial economy; she has a variety of science andTechnology Industrial Park, and has won many economic and investment honors,such as the best investment city in Central China; she has a clean and tidyliving environment, and has won the honorary title of "national health city";she has been awarded the national health city; She has the standard of rapidurbanization and sustainable development, and has won the honorary title of"Chinas sustainable development city".

Xinxiang is small but clean. Xinxiang is not very developed, but peoplelive comfortably here. Xinxiang is not famous, but we still love her. We likeher beauty, her humanity, her quiet but not noisy, and her every street full oflife.

Beautiful hometown - I love you.

Hello, tourists. Ill show you around the Forbidden City.

First of all, let me introduce the general situation of the Forbidden City.The Forbidden City used to be called the Forbidden City. It was the imperialpalace of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The Forbidden City covers an area of morethan 720000 square meters and has a history of 600 years. 24 emperors of Mingand Qing Dynasties lived here. There are more than 8700 palaces in the ForbiddenCity, which is the largest and best preserved palace complex in China and theworld. These palaces are arranged along the central axis and spread out on bothsides. They are symmetrical in left and right. The pattern is solemn and grand.In a word, when you enter the palace of Ming and Qing Dynasties today, you willenter the treasure house of Chinese civilization.

Meridian Gate is the main gate of the palace, because it is located in thesouth of the Forbidden City, so it is called Meridian Gate. Donghuamen is theeast gate of the Imperial Palace in Ming Dynasty, which corresponds to xihuamenfrom east to west. On the high wall of the Forbidden City, there are fourexquisite turrets. They are like four pearls, inlaid in the high wall, they arenot only our country, but also the worlds architectural products.

In the wide taihemen square, there is a royal road paved with blue andwhite stones in the middle, which only the emperor could walk. From the north ofTaihe square, on the tall and beautiful white jade platform, there is amagnificent building called Taihe hall, which is also called Jinluan hall. Thebase of this white marble platform is as high as 8 meters, higher than thecurrent two-story building. Among all the palaces in the Forbidden City, Jinluanhall is the most respected. The highest level ceremonies and ceremonies wereheld here.

When we stroll among these palaces, we can not only touch its bricks andtiles, but also appreciate precious cultural relics such as bronze, jade,calligraphy and painting, jewelry, etc. You will not love enough, nor seeenough

Hello, everyone!

As the saying goes, "its a pleasure to have friends from afar." Im yourtour guide in Chuzhou today. My name is Xiaoxi. You can call me lonely. Im fromXingyue travel agency. Next, Ill give you a brief introduction of Chuzhou.

Chuzhou is located in the east of Anhui Province, known as "East Anhui".Since ancient times, Chuzhou has been known as "Jinling key" and "Jianghuaisecurity", and has the reputation of "Wu Chu" and "Qi Yue Huai Yang". Afterlistening to my introduction, do you have any impulse to go and find out?

Well, next Ill take you to Langya Mountain scenic area. When it comes toLangya Mountain, do you think of a popular TV series "Langya list" not long ago?Yes, the Langya Pavilion mentioned in it is here. Now let me introduce LangyaMountain to you. Langya Mountain, formerly known as motuoling, enjoys thereputation of "no other mountain after Penglai" and "the Pearl of East Anhui".In addition to Langya Pavilion, there are many scenic spots such as ZUIWENGPavilion, fengle Pavilion, Chengxi lake, Gushan lake, etc.

Talking about the drunken man Pavilion, I believe friends who have read Mr.Ouyang Xius the story of the drunken man Pavilion should be deeply impressed.In the story of the drunken man Pavilion, Mr. Ouyang Xiu describes in detail itsgeographical location and who built it. Among them, the sight of the Taishoutouring and enjoying with the people is more and more enviable. Later, it wasexpected that "the government was in harmony with the people, and all kinds ofwastes prospered.". Today, lets cross the barriers of time and space and havefun with the eunuch who is also in April. Lets feel the scene of the morningand evening in the mountains of "if the sun is early, the forest will open, theclouds will return and the cave will be dark".

The place we are going to is called Da Xiong temple. Many friends should bevery interested when they hear the name, but the Da Xiong we mentioned here isnot the Da Xiong in Doraemon.

The main hall is magnificent. There is a bright moon pool in the center ofthe courtyard in front of the hall. An arch bridge on the pool is called thebright moon bridge. In the north of the pool, there is a house for the brightmoon view. It is said that it is a scripture collected by Xuanzang, the eminentmonk of Tang Dynasty, from the West. From the right side of the building, youcan get to the garden. The green Pavilion in the garden is particularly unique.After the moon view, there is Sanyou Pavilion, which is named after the "threefriends of winter" of pine, plum and bamboo beside the pavilion. You can enjoyit by yourself, but you should pay attention to the maintenance of environmentalhygiene.

Today, our journey is coming to an end. Although its "hard to meet eachother, its also hard to leave each other", we still have to make a difference.Its a permanent rule that the end of the song and the separation of people. Ihope we can all play together next time. I hope you pay attention to safety inthe next play process, happy to come, happy back.

Hello, tourists! Welcome to Dabie Mountain. After a long journey, we workedhard all the way. My name is he Jie. Im your guide. You can call me Xiao He.This is master Zhao, the driver. He has been driving for many years and has richexperience. Please rest assured to take his car. If you have any needs orrequirements, please feel free to put forward, I will try my best to serve you.I hope my service can make you have a happy journey.

When it comes to the Dabie Mountains, I think your first reflection is thatit is a red soil and a revolutionary base. Countless revolutionary ancestorsleft their footprints here. In fact, Dabie Mountain is also a tourist, summerresort. With beautiful scenery, fresh air and pleasant climate, it has beendeveloped as "Dabie Mountain eco-tourism area". Here, you can not only enjoy themagic of strange peaks, dangerous mountains, strange rocks and sea of clouds,but also enjoy the charm of heavens beautiful water.

There are five scenic spots in Dabie Mountain, including Tiantangzhai DabieXiongfeng natural scenery tourist area, qingtaiguan Guguan famous temple touristarea, bodaofeng summer resort tourist area, Jiuzihe Dabie Mountain pastoralscenery tourist area and tiantanghu water orchestra. The total area of the parkis 300 square kilometers, with annual rainfall of 1350 mm and averagetemperature of 16.4c. There are 1487 species of wild plants and 634 species ofanimals. In May 1996, the Ministry of forestry organized an expert group toconduct a comprehensive investigation and evaluation on the tourism resources ofthe Dabie Mountain National Forest Park. They agreed that it has greatdevelopment value and was officially approved as a national forest park. Todaywe mainly visit Tiantangzhai scenic spot.

Tiantangzhai is the main peak of Dabie Mountain, known as the first peak inthe Central Plains. The most magical landscape in the park is the mountain! Thescenic area is famous for its magnificent mountains, quiet valleys and beautifulwater. Walking in the heaven mountain, the mountains and obstacles are likemelting into the embrace of mountains. Or to see the solitary peaks stand aloneand rise straight into the sky; or to see the two peaks stand against each otherand fight for height; or to see the peaks stand in a forest; to block out thesky and the sun, and to be majestic. Climbing up, you can see the mountainscompeting in a thousand different ways. Some roar like a tiger, some roar like alion, some sit like Maitreya, some lie like a Buddha in heaven, some look like agiant penholder. The shape is lifelike and amazing. The Sleeping Buddha inheaven, the philosopher watching the sea (xugongya) and the turtle in Dabie areknown as the "three wonders of heaven" and even more spectacular. Tiantangzhaihas many ravines, twists and turns, which show its profound shape. In thestream, the springs and rocks are scattered, and the birds are murmuring. Theriver bank is covered with trees, and the green bamboo is hidden, showing itsnatural color. The water of heaven is beautiful and the waves are long. Thewater here is known for its clarity, sweetness and moisture. The streams in thescenic area are winding and winding, lingering in the valley. They are oftendeep and abstruse. Sometimes, the water runs through the mountains and rocks,flowing freely like the Milky way, dancing like jade, splashing with beads andsoaking in the slurry, creating a wonderful waterfall landscape. Sometimes thestream is calm, sometimes it twists and turns, clear green and sparkling. Valleywater, weir like a mirror, small pool like beads. The weirs and pools areconnected, and the mirrors and beads are inlaid. It is pure and transparent,elegant and vulgar.

Here is the fairy valley. It is picturesque and full of magical colors. Thelegend of Shenxian Valley is a place loved by Laojun and frequently active. Yousee, there is a natural platform on a huge stone, which is called the rooftop.There is a deep hole under the boulder. There is a pool in front of the hole.There are two cascades on the pool. It is said that a pair of carp in the poolwere infected by Laojuns immortal spirit. They swam into shuanglongtan not faraway to listen to Laojuns chanting and preaching. Shuanglongtan is actually thelargest two "Wells" in the nine wells of heaven, and the two wells areconnected. There is a huge platform between the two pools, namely "chantingplatform". This is the platform of the Sutra chanting and preaching. Every timeLao Jun devotes himself to preaching, the two carp also listen attentively.After a long time, they all emerge into Jackie Chan and achieve good results.Therefore, later generations call these two wells "shuanglongtan".

The cave in front of you is said to be the place where taishanglaojun livedand ate, so people named it Xianren cave. Xianren cave is close to mountains andwaters, with beautiful environment. There is a space of about 10 square metersin the cave. At the bottom of the cave, there is a stone bed wheretaishanglaojun is staying. This is taishanglaojuns immortal stove. Not faraway, there is taishanglaojuns "Xianyi cave" where he plays chess. Next to theimmortal cave, there is "shuanglongchugu". At this point, the river water ofShenxian Valley is divided into two parts by a huge stone. It flows down fromboth sides like two silver dragons running out of the valley happily.

What you see now is the philosopher peak, which is known as one of the"three wonders of heaven". Please take a closer look. The cliff is about 100meters high. It looks like a huge head, a broad forehead, thick eyebrows, a highnose, and rich lips. Looking north, you seem to be thinking about a majorphilosophical proposition. The buildings here are of Ming and Qing styles. Mostof them are arranged according to the situation. It has the characteristics ofShanzhai. The mountain road is rugged. Please be careful and pay attention tosafety. It seems to be a humble place. In fact, it has quite favorable militaryconditions.

In the war of liberation, Liu Dengs army advancing into the DabieMountains was the historical turning point of our armys transformation fromstrategic defense to strategic attack. On June 30, 1947, Liu Bocheng and DengXiaoping led the main force of the Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong and Henan fieldforces, Liu Dengs army, in accordance with the strategic principles of theParty Central Committee, with superhuman courage and courage, to cross theYellow River in Southwest Shandong and leap into the Dabie Mountains,successfully opening the prelude of the PLAs strategic counterattack. By themiddle of October, Liu Dengs army had controlled more than 150 kilometers ofJiangfang on the North Bank of the Yangtze River.

Now we have reached the summit of the philosopher peak. Here, when we lookaround the world, we can see that 100000 mountains are worshipping. You can seethe Central Plains to the north and Jingchu mountains and waters to the south.Watching the sunrise in the early morning seems to be nine days away, andwatching the sunset in the evening is like walking in the fairy palace. When therain is over and the sky is clear, the morning view of the sea of clouds is evenmore spectacular. The vast sea of clouds, layers of smoke, the indigo coloredmountains, like the fishing boats in the sea of white waves, sometimes loomingand sometimes appearing, and like the dragon flying, dancing and swallowing theclouds. The scenery is spectacular. Unfortunately, our time is limited, we cantenjoy the beautiful scenery together. If you have the chance to visit Dabiemountain again next time, you must not miss the scenery!

This is jiexingfeng, so its called Siyi. We are almost to the horizon.Both sides of it are abysses, with only one stone path to climb up. The degreeof danger is astonishing. The mountain ridge is covered with thousand year oldpines. The roots of pines are climbing the cliff, showing people their greatvitality. Several huge stones on the top of Jiexing peak are independent of thepeak, as if they were flying from outside.

If you stand on Jiexing peak and look to the northeast, another dangerousscene will jump into your eyes. Different from other places, there are countlessstone swallows flying together in spring and summer. They live in the crevicesbetween the cliffs and fly on the mountain jungle. They are called stoneswallows cliff.

Its getting late. Please come down with me. Please pay attention to safetywhen you go down the mountain.

The short trip to Dabie Mountains is coming to an end. Thank you for yourcooperation and help. If you have any comments or suggestions on my work, pleaselet me know so that I can improve in the future and provide you with betterservice. I hope this tour will leave you a wonderful and unforgettable memory. Iwish you all a safe journey and all the best. Once again, I would like to thankyou. bye.

Sanhe Town is located in the southern end of Feixi County, at the junctionof Feixi, Shucheng and Lujiang counties. Fengle River and Hangbu River convergehere and flow eastward about 15 kilometers through Xinhe River to Chaohu Lake.It is 40 km from Hefei in the north, 24 km from SHANGPAI Town, 32 km fromLujiang County in the South and 30 km from Shucheng County in the West.

A brief introduction to Sanhe ancient town is also very important. When Icame here, I met two old men in dark red and off white robes. They told us thebrief introduction in detail, but I didnt pay attention to it. Following theirsteps, we came to two rickshaws like rickshaws with four big words "Sanheancient town" printed on them.

In this way, we came to this antique town. My elder sister and I are fromAnhui. We cant understand him very well when he talks. He explains to us as hepulls.

What impresses me most is the ladys boudoir. The most amazing thing isthat you can see the rainbow on a sunny day. When we got to the building, we sawa big fish pond. There was a turtle like stone in the middle of the pond, whichwas covered with turtles and frogs. There were two red goldfish in the pond.There are shiny coins on the stone, and nothing special can be seen.

When we went upstairs and looked down, we saw the pond again. The guidecame up, picked up the board beside and put it in the water left from above. Abeautiful scene appeared. There was a rainbow beside the silver pond. To behonest, I dont see many rainbows, so I cherish every time I see them. It was abeautiful moment.

What I admire most is the rich and colorful folk culture of Sanhe, whichembodies the integration of Chinese northern and southern cultures. So far, fromthe Spring Festival to the Lantern Festival, folk activities such as dragonlantern playing, dry boat making, and clam dancing are still held spontaneously.In particular, the custom of door-to-door New Year greeting and candy making ismaintained. Every morning on the first day of the lunar new year, childrengather their good friends to take a bag to ask for candy. No matter whether theyknow each other or not, they just say "Happy New Year!" congratulations and makea fortune, and they can get a lot of candy. After the new years greeting, theysell candy to customers Its fun to change fireworks in a small shop. During theDragon Boat Festival, people make zongzi and play dragon boat. Torch is stillplaying in Mid Autumn Festival. Wedding funeral wedding, still carry sedanchair, please "good play", step on the cloud cake means rising step by step. Thehonest folk customs are preserved.

In this way, we ended our trip to Hefei in Anhui Province with a series of"Sanhe ancient town" honors, such as national civilized town, national key townof small town construction, national pilot town of comprehensive reform, Chinesehistorical and cultural town, national 4A scenic spot and so on.

Anyone who has read Ouyang Xius famous poem "the story of the drunkenmans Pavilion" in the Song Dynasty is fascinated by its beautiful scenery:"Chuzhou is surrounded by mountains. Its southwest peaks and valleys arebeautiful. Langya is also a beautiful place. Langya Mountain is about 5kilometers southwest of Chuzhou City, Anhui Province. It is a famous scenicspot. Langya Mountain was called motuoling in ancient times, but there aredifferent opinions about why it was named Langya later. One is that Sima Rui,the Langya of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, once lived here and changed his name toLangya. Another way of saying is that Sima glazes, the king of Langya, theZhendong General of the Western Jin Dynasty, led several troops to "go out ofTuzhong" (referring to chushui Valley) to destroy Wu, and SUN Hao, the Lord ofWu, offered the seal of "yiglazes to surrender", so the mountain is calledLangya. "The collection of ancient and modern books? The collection of LangyaMountain" contains another saying: "people are similar to Langya Mountain in theEast China Sea of Shandong Province, so it is also called Langya Mountain."

Langya Mountain is steep and beautiful. Its peak is "towering but special";its valley is "leisurely and deep". The trees are thick and the flowers andplants are everywhere. Hundreds of years of pine and plum trees are vigorous andstraight. The unique Langya elm and drunkard elm pavilions are covered. TheLangya river is flowing. The spring and crape myrtle spring are scattered in themountains. Guiyun cave and Xuehong cave are mysterious. Nine caves and elevensprings are fascinating everywhere. Langya Mountain has a quiet scenery, knownas "no other mountain after Penglai".

Shenxiu lake is located at the turning point from Huibei gate to LangyaMountain Temple. It is a pool of water in ancient times and a place for visitorsto hang their hooks near the stream. In 1958, the peoples Government of ChuxianCounty expanded Shuitan into a small reservoir. In 1983, Langya MountainManagement Office adapted measures to local conditions and turned it into a newscenic spot. Because it is surrounded by mountains on three sides and hasbeautiful scenery, it is named Shenxiu lake according to the sentence of "WeiranShenxiu" in Ouyang Xius zuiwang Pavilion. The water surface of Shenxiu lake isabout 540 square meters. Langya river is the source of the lake, and yujiawareservoir is the source of the lake. On the surface of the lake, there is abridge in the middle of the lake, which is called Jiuqu bridge because it hasnine curves. The bridge pier is made of bluestone, and the bridge deck is madeof cement prefabricated parts, which has obvious modern architecturalcharacteristics. On the bridge, there is a pavilion in the center of the lake,with golden glass tiles on the top, glass bird fence on the six corners, and thecharacteristics of ancient architecture. On the side of the lake, there arethree waterside pavilions with six beams, serving for tourism. Under thewaterside pavilion is the artificial bluestone foundation, and the lake waterruns through it. In spring and summer, tourists enjoy themselves with water,cool and refreshing, which is a wonderful place.

Huifeng Pavilion is the highest building in Langya Mountain. It startedconstruction in 1988 and was built on the remains of Huifeng Pavilion, a MingDynasty building in Nantianmen. The Huifeng Pavilion of the new building isbuilt on the mountain, beautiful and grand. From all sides, the shapes aredifferent. From the East, it has three floors, from the south, it has fourfloors: from the west, it has five floors. The height is 24 meters. Each floorof Huifeng Pavilion is octagonal with six sides. It adopts the style of cornicesand angles of classical architecture. The top of the pavilion is covered withyellow glazed tiles, carved beams and painted columns, which is simple andgenerous. The 24 bell corners of the pavilion are all equipped with bronzebells. When the mountain wind blows, the sound of gold rises everywhere. It ispleasing to the eyes and sounds like entering a fairyland. Sunny weather,boarded the peak Pavilion, far sighted, high sky wide, heart wide expression.Here the sun is warm, the mountains are vast, the mountains are towering,crawling at the foot, giving people the feeling of "looking at the smallmountains". Its probably because the mountains line up. As soon as you get aglimpse of it, it looks like a reviewing platform, where thousands of mountainscompete for beauty and thousands of peaks are gloomy. So this pavilion is namedHuifeng Pavilion. Because Huifeng Pavilion stands at the highest peak of LangyaMountain, people love to come here to look at the magnificent mountains andrivers of the motherland. Standing on the plain outside the mountain to thesouth of Huifeng Pavilion, there are few corridors on the ground, the smoke isvast, the villages are scattered, the ponds are shining like a mirror, and inthe clear and cloudless weather, you can still vaguely see the Yangtze Riverbelt dozens of kilometers away, and the vast east

Sand Lake is a paradise for birds. There are 98 species of birds in 24families, 11 orders. Among them, there are national first-class protected birds:Great Bustard, Chinese merganser, white tailed sea eagle and black stork. Thereare 14 species of birds under the second level protection of the state, such asthe Yellow River, pelican, swan, white goose, mandarin duck, grey crane andHeron. Brief introduction of Shahu scenic spot in Ningxia

Shahu reed has thin skin, long section and good toughness. After carefuldesign, we can create artistic products with unique shape and elegant taste. Theprocess of reed painting is complex. First of all, we need to cut the tip of thereed, then untie the reed, remove the knot, peel, plane the pulp, soak andflatten it, then draw, write and carve on the reed according to the patterndrawn in advance, and finally use an electric iron to make different colorsaccording to the needs. When making sculpture, we should make full use of thedirection of reed fiber to make the pattern clear and vivid. In some reedpaintings reflecting the scenery of Shahu Lake, the artistic conception isbeautiful, the meaning is infinite, lifelike and exquisite.

Sweet and sour Yellow River carp is a delicious dish with bright color,beautiful shape and tender inside. The preparation method is as follows: first,remove the scales of the Yellow River carp, cut the abdomen, remove the viscera,and wash it; then cut the fish back into oblique knife patterns, wrap it withyellow paste, deep fry it in oil pan until golden yellow, pick it up and put iton a plate, and pour it with pre cooked sweet and sour sauce.

On April 27, 1997, bainiao Park was officially opened to tourists, with aninvestment of more than 3 million yuan and an area of 1090 square meters. Ofcourse, it is mainly composed of migratory birds. The incubation period of birdsis from April to June every year, and the breeding period is from July toAugust. During this period, the number of birds is up to one million. Thisbirdwatching platform can accommodate hundreds of people. It is equipped withthe most advanced high-power telescope in China to provide a first-classenvironment for birdwatching First class facilities, first class service.

大家好!欢迎大家来到南昌游玩。我是导游王祚瑞。下面我将要带领大家参观滕王阁景点。

大家都知道滕王阁的由来吧?对了，滕王阁是西江第一楼，他与黄鹤楼、岳阳楼并称为三大名楼。

滕王阁是唐高祖李渊之子李元婴任洪州都督时所建的，洪州指的就是现在的南昌了。在贞观年间，李元婴曾被封为腾王，他所建造的阁楼当然以他的封号命名，所以就叫滕王阁。从腾王阁的始建到现在已有1300多年的历史了，在这千百年来，他兴废交替多达29次，于1983年奠基，1985年破土动工，1989年10月8日重阳节主阁竣工。现在我们看到的滕王阁的匾额是宋代书法家怀素的狂草书法，被誉为是“天下第一草书匾”，这四个字高度概括了腾王额的独特之处，它取自韩愈的诗句“余少时则闻江南多临观之美，而滕王阁独为第一，有瑰伟绝特之称”，因此，腾王阁就有了西江第一楼的美誉。

现在我们要进入滕王阁主阁游览了，请大家在游玩时注意安全，不要将头伸出栏杆外;不要攀爬。我们在中午12点整到滕王阁阁下集合。滕王阁的阶梯有89级，它的含义是:现在的29代滕王阁，是1989年重建成的，“89”指的就是这个时间。滕王阁的主阁高57.5米，有九层，可是现在大家看到的才三层呀!怎么可能变成了九层了呢?

这是因为滕王阁的结构是明三暗七，再加上两层基座，就是九层了。主阁两侧还建有“压江”和“邑翠”两亭，如果在高空鸟瞰滕王阁，就发现他像一只正欲展翅高飞的巨大鲲鹏。好了，我介绍完了，请没有观览完的游客继续观赏，现在解散!

Hello, ladies and gentlemen. I am todays tour guide. Today I willaccompany you to visit the Dabie Mountains.

Dabie Mountain is located at the junction of Hubei, Henan and Anhuiprovinces. It has high mountains and overlapping peaks. It connects Huaihe Riverin the north and Yangtze River in the south. It is of great strategicsignificance to overlook the Central Plains. Therefore, it has been a must formilitary strategists since ancient times. It has always been said that those whoget the Dabie Mountains get the Central Plains, and those who get the CentralPlains get the world.

As early as in feudal society, the cruel exploitation and oppressionaroused the peoples resistance to the ruling class. At the end of Qin Dynasty,yingbu led the peasants to fight against Qin peasants. At the end of the YuanDynasty, Xu Shouhui, the leader of the peasant uprising, established the Tianhuiempire in Qingquan town of Xishui based on the Dabie Mountains, and then dividedthe troops into four groups. The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom revolutionary movementwas in full swing here for several years.

Dabie Mountain is a famous mountain in the history of Chinese revolution.This is because the people of Dabie Mountain, under the leadership of theCommunist Party of China, fought bravely and made great contributions to theestablishment of new China.

During the agrarian revolution, "jute uprising", one of the three majoruprisings in China, took place here; the Fourth Front Army of the Red Army, oneof the three main forces of the Red Army, was also born here; during the war ofliberation, Liu Dengs army leaped into the Dabie Mountains and fought here.

Jute uprising is an event of great significance in todays Huangan andMacheng. On November 11, 1927, according to the spirit of the "August 7th"meeting of the CPC Central Committee and the autumn harvest riot plan of theHubei provincial Party committee, the CPC jute special committee held a meetingof the Communist Party and League activists in Huangan and Macheng at Wenchangpalace in Qiliping, Huangan County, and decided to launch the "September riot"in Huangan and Macheng On the night of November 11, more than 20000 peasantsled by the general headquarters of the uprising, with the support of thousandsof people, captured Huangan County in the early morning of the next day. Twentyone days later, because the Kuomintang troops attacked Huangan city secretly,the enemy was outnumbered, and Huangan City, which was not liberated long ago,fell back into the enemy again Hands. The Eastern Hubei army also withdrew fromthe county seat and arrived at Mulan mountain to carry out guerrilla activities.On January 1, 1928, it was reorganized into the seventh army of the Chineseworkers and peasants revolution. In July of the same year, it was reorganizedinto the Chinese workers and peasants Red Army, and created the firstrevolutionary base in the region of Hubei, Henan and Anhui.

On November 7, 1931, the Fourth Front Army of the Chinese workers andpeasants Red Army was established in Qiliping, Huangan. Its commander-in-chiefYu Qianxiang and political commissar Chen Changhao had more than 30000 peopleunder the jurisdiction of the fourth and 25th Red Army. Before itsestablishment, the Fourth Front Army of the Red Army had achieved the goal ofsmashing the enemys three "suppression" campaigns, two "encirclement andsuppression" campaigns and going south, The victory of the battle and theestablishment of the Fourth Front Army of the Red Army marked the growingstrength and maturity of the Dabie Mountains. It trained and trained a largenumber of excellent senior military leaders and commanders for Chinasrevolutionary cause.

In June 1947, Liu Bocheng and Deng Xiaoping led 120000 troops to cross theYellow River from the southwest of Shandong Province with superhuman courage andcourage in accordance with the strategic principles of the Party CentralCommittee, breaking through the Kuomintangs hundreds of thousands ofencirclement and interception, and leaping from the Yellow River to the DabieMountains, which successfully opened the prelude of the PLAs strategiccounterattack. In October, Chiang Kai Shek sent troops to prevent the PLA fromcrossing the river. Liu Bocheng and Deng Xiaoping decided to seize thisfavorable opportunity and concentrate their superior forces to annihilate it. OnOctober 1, under Liu Dengs personal deployment, the main force of the fieldarmy annihilated the Kuomintangs integrated 40th division and the 82nd brigadeof the integrated 52nd division. In this battle, 12600 people were annihilated,70 guns of various kinds, more than 4800 long and short guns were seized, andone plane was shot down. We have achieved great success in gaoshanpu. Thisbattle laid the foundation for Liu Dengs army to rebuild the Dabie mountainbase, and realized the strategic policy of the Party Central Committee andChairman Mao on leading the war from the liberated area to the enemys war zone.In the Central Plains area to the north of the Yangtze River, it formed a pinshaped strategic layout with the brother main forces advancing into the areas ofJiangsu, Shandong, Henan, Anhui and Henan, Shaanxi and Hubei, which directlythreatened the security of the Nanjing Kuomintang government. It fundamentallyshook the Kuomintangs reactionary rule in the Central Plains and greatlyaccelerated the liberation process of the whole country. It took only one yearand eight months from August 1947 to the liberation of the whole territory ofHubei, Henan and Western Anhui. In this short period of 20 months, Liu Dengsfield army, who was brave and good at fighting, not only led the war from thenorth of the Yellow River to the Yangtze River basin with a leap forward actionrarely seen in ancient and modern Chinese and foreign history In other words, itpushed forward 1000 kilometers southward, and at a speed much faster than peopleexpected, it won the vast area with the Dabie Mountains as the center, andsuccessfully achieved the goal of stabilizing the overall situation of theCentral Plains and then marching into the south. As the front position of thestrategic counter offensive, the Dabie liberated area has also become animportant base for our army to move forward. In its glorious history, a newchapter has been added to support the battle of crossing the Yangtze River andthe liberation of the southern half of China.

Located in Luotian County, Hubei Province, Tiantangzhai, the main peak ofDabie Mountain, is 1729 meters high, known as the first peak in the CentralPlains. When you climb the main peak and look around the world, you can see100000 mountains embracing and worshiping you. Looking at the Central Plains inthe north and Jingchu in the south, there is a poem that says: "there is a peakstraight up, and all things are dense. When you look at it, your mind is stillwide, and the Phoenix is like heaven." Watching the sunrise in the early morningis like walking in the fairy palace. When the rain is over and the sky is clear,climbing the main peak in the morning to view the sea of clouds is even morespectacular. The green and black mountains are like fishing boats in the whitesea, sometimes looming and sometimes appearing. They are also like black dragonsflying, dancing and swallowing clouds.

On the west side of the main peak, large and small scenic spots can be seeneverywhere, with nine hoops and monks more eye-catching. As soon as visitors getclose to the park management office, they can see a cliff hundreds of metershigh when they look up to the East. They are born like a monk with a big stomachand a smiling face. It is said that this cliff was changed by Maitreya Buddha.There is a yellow aperture on the top of the cliff.

We go up the ladder, and here is the famous gathering of immortals. Withina half kilometer radius, there are 90 peaks, large and small, most of which areformed by weathering and denudation of ancient rock strata. Looking up from therock, you can see the clouds directly; looking down from the top, you can seethe past like smoke. The magic of its shape, uncanny workmanship. One of themost famous is Zheren peak. In a small view, the cliff is about 100 meters high,like a huge head, broad forehead, thick eyebrows, high nose, fleshy lips,contemplating the north, as if thinking about a major philosophical proposition,visitors stop, marvel and ponder.

"Benevolent people enjoy mountains, wise people enjoy water.". ParadiseForest Park can also let you enjoy the charm of Paradise water. The water ofheaven is "divine water". On the mountain peak with an altitude of more than1700 meters, there is a spring. The spring is always clear and sweet. There isanother square meter pool in front of us. It is said that Xu Shouhui, the leaderof the peasant uprising at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, once bathed in public inthis pool and put a purple light on his body. All the believers thought MaitreyaBuddha was born, and they embraced him as the Lord. They gathered millions ofpeople at one stroke.

Fairy Valley is also full of magical colors. Less than 200 meters west ofthe pedestrian road from the park management office, you enter the picturesquefairy valley. The legend of Shenxian Valley is a place loved and frequentlymoved by taishanglaojun. A huge stone stands at the entrance of the valley, onwhich a flat roof is naturally formed. There is a deep hole under the boulder.There is a pool in front of the hole. There are two cascades on the pool. It issaid that a pair of carp in the pool are infected by taishanglaojuns immortalQi. They swim into shuanglongtan not far away and listen to Laojuns chantingand preaching. Shuanglongtan is actually the biggest two "Wells" in the ninewells of heaven, and the two wells are connected. There is a huge platformbetween the two pools, namely "songjingtai", which is taishanglaojun A platformfor chanting and preaching. Every time Lao Jun devotes himself to preaching, thetwo carp also devote themselves to listening. After a long time, they all emergeinto Jackie Chan and achieve the right results. Therefore, they are later called"shuanglongtan".

OK, Ill explain it to you. If you have anything else you want to know, youcan bring it up to me. Lets discuss it together. The rest of the time is foryou to take photos. Please dont have to return to the hotel before 5:30. Youcan take the road on the left or return the same way.

Dear passengers, Hello!

Taohuayuan, also known as Taoyuan mountain, is also known as "paradise".During the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, the areafirst belonged to the state of Chu and then to the state of Qin. According tothe book of the later Han Dynasty, Qianzhong county was renamed Wuling County inthe fifth year of emperor Gaodi of the Han Dynasty (202 BC), "two thousand andone hundred Li south of Luoyang". Tao Yuanmings "Tukou" poem said: "far away toNanjing", that is. According to Du Guangtings Dongtianfudi Ji of Tang Dynasty,Taoyuan mountain is located in Wuling County, Langzhou. Song Dynastys Yu DiGuang Ji says: "in the first year of Qiande (963), Wuling county was establishedas Taoyuan County. There is Taoyuan mountain. According to Yi Tong Zhi of theMing Dynasty, Taoyuan mountain is 30 Li southwest of Taoyuan County in ChangdePrefecture, where there is Taoyuan cave. It is also called Qinren cave. NearShuixi, Changde City, Hunan Province, facing Yuanshui River and leaning againstmountains, the scenery is beautiful. Taohuayuan is a part of Hunan Jiangxi hillyregion, located in the northeast of Xuefeng mountain and Wuling mountain upliftbelt, and the southwest corner of the Mesozoic West Dongting lake depression.According to the report on the investigation and evaluation of Taohuayuan scenicresources in Hunan Province, the geographical location of the main scenic spotsin Taohuayuan is 110 ° 25 - 27e and 28 ° 47 - 49n.

Taoyuan County is the natural medium area of Taohuayuan. It bordersYuanling County of Huaihua City, Cili County and Yongding District ofZhangjiajie City in the west, linli County and Dingcheng District of ChangdeCity in the East, Shimen County of Changde City in the north and Anhua County ofYiyang City in the south. Taohuayuan landscape is hammer shaped, inclined to thesouthwest of Taoyuan County. The scenic area is 157.55 square kilometers. Amongthem, Taohuayuan main scenic area is 15.8 square kilometers, Taohuayuan Yuanshuiscenic area is 44.85 square kilometers, and the peripheral protection area is96.9 square kilometers. The landscape boundary generally exceeds the districtboundary. The main scenic spot of Taohuayuan is located in the east of Chongqiuand yaotianping township of Dingcheng District, the west of Yuanshui and Jianshitown of Taoyuan County, Zhangjiang Town of Taoyuan County in the north andTaohuayuan town of Taoyuan County in the south. It includes state-owned HunanTaoyuan Taohuayuan Linyang, Taohuayuan town Taohuayuan village, Sanhe Village,Chazhuang village, Shuangfeng Village, Qingshan village and Taohuayuan residentscommittee. Taohuayuan Yuanshui scenic area, along the way, you can see theindependent scenic spots of Taoyuan County, such as Zou city, mutangyuan, maple,chehuyuan, Qinglin, Zhangjiang River, Taohuayuan, zhengjiayi, Siping, Jianshi,Lingjintan, Xinglong Street, yanjiaping, etc.

According to the landscape trend and geomorphic characteristics, the mainscenic area of Taohuayuan is divided into five natural areas: the place ofavoiding Qin (Qinren Village), Lingjing lake, Taohua mountain, Taoyuan mountainand Taoxian mountain; the water area of Taohuayuan Yuanshui scenic belt isroughly divided into four natural sections: the first line of sky scenicsection, yiwangxi scenic section, Lingjintan scenic section and wulingchuanscenic section. It is located in the southwest of Zhangshan mountain, includingshijiachong natural village. Lingjing Lake scenic area is located in thesoutheast of Zhangshan mountain, including jiangjiachong and aijiachong naturalvillages.

Taohua mountain scenic area is located in the west of Guihe peak inZhangshan mountain, including tianzunya and yejiawan natural villages. Taoyuanmountain scenic area is located in Huangwen mountain, including the main body ofthe mountain and the remaining parts of badaipo, Baimadu mountain, qinglongzui,baihuzui, etc. Taoxianling scenic area, including Hongyan mountain valley in theupper part of wangjiachong natural village. Yixiantian scenery section islocated in Gaodu post of yanjiaping Township, including yixiantian andshangtianlong. Yiwangxi scenic section, located in the lower reaches ofyiwangxi, contains stone landscapes such as liyutiaolong and shuixinyan. LingjinBeach Scenic section is located in the North Bank of Lingjin beach and wengzibeach, including rock landscape such as CHUANSHI and Qinshan. Wulingchuan scenicsection is located from baipingzhou to Yangzhou of Zou city. It contains famouscultural and natural landscapes such as sanri Tonghui, Baima Xuetao, lvluoqing,Meixi Yanyu, Chushan Spring Festival Gala, Zhangjiang Yeyue, Xunyang ancienttemple, Fufang Wandu and "three pavilions" (Baifo pavilions, Wenchang pavilions,Zhangjiang pavilions), "three pagodas" (Huifeng pagoda, Chuwang pagoda, Wenxingpagoda)

Dear tourist friends, Hello everyone! Today we visit Huangdi mausoleum,which is known as the first mausoleum in the world. Im your tour guide. My nameis Jiang. You can also call me director Jiang. If you encounter problems in yourtravel, you can ask me and I will help you. I wish you a happy trip! In order tolet you have a deep understanding of the mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor, Iwould like to introduce to you the ancestor of our Shenhua nation - the YellowEmperor.

Huangdi was an outstanding leader of tribal alliance at the end ofprimitive society about 5020 x years ago. According to ancient records, theYellow Emperor was the son of Shaodian. His surname was Gongsun. Because he wasgood at Jishui, his surname was Ji. There is a bear in the seal, and there is abear in the name. Once lived in Xuanyuan hill, also known as Xuanyuan. It isalso known as the "Yellow Emperor" because of its advocating of local moralityand yellow color.

According to legend, the Yellow Emperor is not only the leader of a hero,but also the embodiment of wisdom. Many inventions and creations are attributedto the Yellow Emperor or his wife and subordinates. For example, making boatsand carts, making clothes and crowns, sericulture, creating medicine, settingtemperament, writing, distributing grains, burning painted pottery, andregulations in political life, wedding and funeral rituals in customs andhabits, etc. later generations regard the era of the Yellow Emperor as thebeginning of the Chinese civilization, so the Yellow Emperor is respected as the"ancestor of humanity".

There are many opinions about where the Yellow Emperor was buried. However,from the records of historical materials and the attitude of successivegovernments, the mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor that you are about to see isthe only resting place for the Yellow Emperor in a hundred years. Sima Qian, ahistorian of the Western Han Dynasty, clearly states in his historical recordsthat "the Yellow Emperor collapsed and was buried in the bridge mountain". Themausoleum of the Yellow Emperor was called "bridge mausoleum" in history, and itwas renamed in 1944. According to ancient Chinese documents, the yellow emperorascended to heaven by riding a dragon in Qiaoshan of Huangling County. Latergenerations buried the Yellow Emperors clothes here and built a tomb for it.This is the origin of the Yellow Emperors mausoleum. In addition, the Huangdimausoleum area has been proved by archaeology to be the settlement of primitiveclans in this area. The unearthed pottery and stone tools have distinctivecharacteristics of Yangshao culture.

Huangdi mausoleum is located in Huangling County, Shaanxi Province, about180 kilometers north of Xian. Huangling County, formerly known as ZhongbuCounty, was renamed Huangling County in 1944 with the approval of the formergovernment of the Republic of China. In June 1997, Huangdi mausoleum wasannounced by the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee as one ofthe 100 patriotic education demonstration bases in China.

You are now in Xuanyuan square. This is the starting point of Yiling. Theground of Xuanyuan square is paved with natural river pebbles in QinlingMountains, with a total of 5000 pieces, which means that it represents the longhistory of the Chinese nation for 5020__ years. The pool in front of us iscalled YinChi. It is said that it is the place where the Yellow Emperor washedhis pen. The water of YinChi comes from Juhe river. In ancient Chinese, Juheriver is also regarded as the river of ancestors. When night comes, there willbe a beautiful landscape of "JuShui moon night".

Now, the bridge we pass is called Xuanyuan bridge. The bridge, which spansYinChi, is built of all granite stone and is known as "the first bridge of allstone in modern China". At the north end of Xuanyuan bridge, Longwei Road, whichleads to the temple, has 95 steps, implying the lofty status of the YellowEmperor as the "king of __". In recent years, most of the public sacrificeactivities have been held here, which has been widely known by modern media.Stand in front of the broad Temple Square, please look back at Xuanyuan square,you will feel a "majestic, solemn, solemn, simple" grand momentum.

Generally speaking, worshiping the Yellow Emperor means "worshiping thetemple first, then paying homage to the mausoleum". Xuanyuan temple is locatedin the north of JuShui, facing south, commanding and magnificent. Please followme into this sacred place. It is said that this ancient temple was built in theHan Dynasty. It was originally in the West foot of the bridge and moved here inthe Song Dynasty. Xuanyuan temple is composed of four courtyards. The gate ofthe temple is in the architectural style of Han Dynasty, with white walls, blackglazed tiles, tall and lofty, simple and generous. "Xuanyuan Temple" was writtenby Mr. Jiang Dingwen. Stepping into the gate of Xuanyuan temple, you can see atowering ancient cypress on the left. The branches of ancient cypress arevigorous and green, and the crown is like a canopy. The tree is about 4720__years old. It is said that it was planted by the Yellow Emperor himself, so itis called "Yellow Emperors hand planted cypress". In 1982, British forestryexpert Robert and others came to China after inspecting 27 countries in theworld and marveled that it is "the father of cypress in the world". In 1998, thetree was recognized as one of the first batch of "100 ancient and famous treesin China".

This pavilion is called "stele Pavilion". There are four stone tabletshere. The content of the first inscription on the right hand is a memorial poemwritten by Dr. Sun Yat Sen when he was the provisional president of the Republicof China. The second pass on the right hand is the three big characters"mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor" inscribed by Chiang Kai Shek in 1942. Thefirst passage on the left is a sacrificial essay written by Mao Zedong on April5, 1937 when the Kuomintang and the Communist Party jointly sacrificed to themausoleum of the Yellow Emperor. The second one is Deng Xiaopings handwritten"descendants of the Yellow River".

After leaving the pavilion, continue to walk in, you will see a one metersquare blue stone on your left side, with a huge inscription on it

The footprints of the Yellow Emperor. The stone was excavated in Guowa,Southeast of Huangling. It is said that there are three footprints of the YellowEmperor. One is in Henan, one is in Shandong, and the other is in Huangling.According to the local people, if someone hits the big toe with a coin acrossthe fence, it indicates good luck and good luck.

On the left side of Xuanyuan hall, there is a cypress tree. The tree trunkswere covered with spots and lines, as if there were broken nails. It is saidthat in 120__ BC, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty returned from his northernexpedition to Shuofang, and when he sacrificed to the mausoleum of the YellowEmperor, he nailed a nail on the tree trunk to hang his armor. So its called"guajia cypress", also called "general cypress". Every year before QingmingFestival, cypress juice will overflow in the tree hole and condense into beads,like tears. After the Qingming Festival, it returned to its original state andwas called "the wonder of Qunbai".

Now, the building in front of us is called Xuanyuan hall. The hall wasbuilt in the Ming Dynasty. On the forehead of the hall is a four characterplaque entitled "the first ancestor of humanity" by Cheng Qian, the formerpatriotic general of the Kuomintang in 1938.

Entering the main hall, we see a semi relief statue of the Yellow Emperor.Based on the rubbings of the stone portraits of Wuliang ancestral temple in theEastern Han Dynasty, this sacred statue of the nations ancestor was enlargedand carved with the approval of the State Administration of cultural relicsafter soliciting the opinions of relevant experts.

At the north end of Xuanyuan Temple lies the hall of ancestor worship,which was newly built in 20__. In 20__, the first national ceremony ofsacrificing Xuanyuan Yellow Emperor, the first ancestor of China, was held hereduring the Qingming Festival. The whole building of the hall adheres to thestyle of Han and Tang Dynasties, and integrates the ancient tradition with theflavor of the new era. The ancestral square in front of the hall is paved withgranite, covering an area of more than 10000 square meters, and can accommodate5000 lines of sacrificial activities at the same time.

Well, here is Xuanyuan temple. Next, we will climb mountains and visit themausoleum of the Yellow Emperor.

Huangdi mausoleum is the mausoleum of Xuanyuan Huangdi, the ancestor of theChinese nation, known as "the first mausoleum in the world". In 1962, it wasannounced by the State Council as the national key cultural relics protectionunit "No.1 ancient tomb". Lingjia is located in Qiaoshan, 1km north of HuanglingCounty.

Huangdi mausoleum has a unique "bridge mountain ancient cypress.". Nomatter which direction you enter the county, you can see the 5800 mu Qiaoshanmountain, full of green cypresses and lush. At present, there are more than81000 cypresses in Xuanyuan Huangdi Mausoleum scenic area, which is located inHuangling County, Shaanxi Province. There are more than 30000 ancient cypressesmore than 1000 years old. It is the oldest and best preserved group of ancientcypresses in China. This is really "the Yellow Emperors Mausoleum with toweringancient cypresses. Its full of smoke and light breeze. Qiaoshan completelytowering green, Ju water around the waist for thousands of years. All theseancient cypresses are priceless. Therefore, the ancient Chinese governmentsattach great importance to the protection of the ancient cypresses in themausoleum of the Yellow Emperor.

Dear friends, we are now at the gate of the cemetery. Please look to theleft side of the gate. This 20 meter high conical platform is called HanwuSendai. It is said that Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, after worshiping hisancestors, was very envious of the Yellow Emperors ascending to heaven andbecoming an immortal. So hundreds of thousands of soldiers were ordered to carrya bag of soil on their backs to build this high platform overnight. He went onthe stage to pray for immortals and said to the people, "if I can go back toheaven like the Yellow Emperor, its nothing to leave my wife, but its justlike leaving my shoes." Today, there are two stone curved paths leading to thetop of the platform. Up 77 steps, down 78 steps, called "seven up and eightdown.". Its said that one visit to the stage can add years and blessings.

Friends, this tomb in front of us is the resting place of our ancestors,the Yellow Emperor. The tomb is a oblate earth tomb. In front of the tomb, thereis another stele engraved with the four characters of "Qiaoshan Longyu", whichmeans that this is the place where the yellow emperor ascended to heaven bydriving a dragon. It is said that the Yellow Emperor lived for more than 100years. The emperor felt that he had made great achievements and sent a dragon totake him up to heaven. His subjects didnt want the Yellow Emperor to leave andsurrounded him. The dragon carries the Yellow Emperor into the air. In a panic,people pull off the Yellow Emperors skirt, boots and sword. People bury theYellow Emperors clothes, boots and swords here, and build a mound as amemorial. This is the origin of the saying that the mausoleum of the YellowEmperor is the family of clothes and crowns, but the legend is a legend afterall. Historical records and other books clearly record that "the Yellow Emperorcollapsed and buried in the bridge mountain.". Moreover, Emperor Wu of the HanDynasty and other emperors came here to pay homage to the Yellow Emperor, so itis recognized as the location of the mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor.

In front of the "Qiaoshan Longyu" stele, there is another stele engravedwith three characters of "Huangdi mausoleum" written by Guo Moruo in 1958.

Well, tourists, due to the time constraint, this is the end of ourexplanation of Huangdi mausoleum today. You can visit it by yourself. We willgather at the gate in half an hour. Please pay attention to safety. Thankyou!

栈桥英语导游词

Good morning ladies and gentlemen,

Welcome to Qingdao. My name is Miao Meng. I am very pleased to be your service as a tour guide today. The first sight we are going to see this morning is Zhanqiao Land Stage, which is in the gulf of Qingdao. It is the symbol of Qingdao. And it is about a 10-minute bus ride to get there. Before we arrive, shall I give you a brief introduction of the city?

Situated on the south coast of Shandong peninsula, Qingdao is a famous tourist city in China. Known as “ pearl on the Yellow sea”， the city backs mountains and faces the sea, the topography here is special, the scenery beautiful and the climate pleasing. A poem alludes to this beautiful city. It reads as follow,

Green mountains stand still

In-between, clear water flowing

Red roofs glisten in the sun

Kissing your cheeks, soft sea wind blowing

Sea gulls fly, we are not sure

Whether in azure sky, or on blue sea

Peaks are, as in ink drawings, peculiar

And the best, the sight here must be

Founded in 1891, Qingdao has a history of more than 100 years. It is one of the earliest 14 opening door cities of China. Because of its incomparable geographic position, the transportation means here are convenient. Its a good tourist destination and an ideal city to make an investment. I wish your could know better about the city, and it would give you a great impression through my guide and commentary.

Now everybody, here we are on the coast of the gulf. Look! Do you see that long bridge reaches into the sea? Yes, this is the famous Zhanqiao Landing Stage. It is 10 meters wide, 440 meters long. Standing on the south end of bridge in the sea is a two-story pavilion. Its called “Huilange”(which means pavilion of returned billows)。 Looking from afar, it is just like a rainbow hanging above the sea. Isnt it magnificent? In fact, as early as in the 1930s, this Landing Stage was named NO.1 among the ten most famous scenic spots of Qingdao. Now here we are on the landing stage.

Founded in 1892, Zhanqiao Landing Stage witnessed the history of Qingdao city. In 1891, the Qing Government sent Zhang Gaoyuan to garrison in Qingdao village. They built forts and camps here and made Qingdao an important town. In the second year, for the purpose of sea transportation, they built a 200-meter long iron dock with stone foundation in the south coast. That was the predecessor of the Landing Stage. And in 1894, minister Li Hongzhang reported this to the Qing Government. Since then, it has been the symbol of Qingdao.

On Nov. 14, 1897, German troops landed from Qingdao and occupied the city. This bridge was a witness of Germans invasion. In 1900, it was destroyed by a typhoon and was rebuilt as long as 350 meters long by the Germans. It became a sight-seeing spot after Dagang Port was built in 1905.

From September 1931 to April 1934, Zhanqiao Landing Stage was again reconstructed by the Guomindang government. It was prolonged to 440 meters, with reinforced concrete piers and paved road. On the south end of the bridge, a semi-round embankment was constructed, and on the embankment, they built a two-story pavilion in traditional Chinese style.

Look, it is in a shape of octagon and it has eight extending eaves, with yellow glazed tiles on the roofs. From the pavilion, you can enjoy the upcoming billows in layers, and this scene is called “ Feigehuilan”。 When night falls, all the lights on both sides of the bridge are on, they look like the blossoms of magnolia. Since then, Zhanqiao has became the NO 1 scenic spot in Qingdao.

After new China was founded in1949, Zhanqiao has been well preserved and experienced many times of renovation. It has became a place that tourists will never miss to pay a visit whenever they come to Qingdao

Now we are in the pavilion. Shall we go up and enjoy the beautiful scenes here? What a view! This is the real Qingdao, blue seawater, white sand beaches, green mountains and red roofs. Look across from here, that small green island is the “little Qingdao”。 On the island, there is a beacon tower, which is a navigation mark for the ships sailing in the Bay.

And look back to the shore, that street in one line with the bridge is the most flourishing street, which is called Zhongshan Road. The railway station is just near the shore, at a distance of only 500 meters.

Ok, everybody. Would you like to have your pictures taken here? Ill give you a 15-minute break. Well gather on the shore 15 minutes later. See you in a moment.

Linyi city is located in the southeast of Shandong Province, adjacent tothe Yellow Sea and North Jiangsu in the south. It has jurisdiction over 9counties, 3 districts, 180 townships, streets and 7151 administrative villages(residences), with 10.36 million people and a total area of 17200 squarekilometers. Plains, mountainous areas and hills each account for one third ofthe total area. It is the city with the largest population and area in ShandongProvince. Linyi is a national model city of double support, Chinas excellenttourism city, national model city of environmental protection, Chinasgeothermal City, Chinas famous calligraphy City, Chinas famous market city,and a national advanced city of civilization.

Linyi is an ancient city with a long history. Linyi has a history of morethan 2500 years. Qiyang city was built in the spring and Autumn period, LangyaCounty in the Qin Dynasty, Linyi County in the Han Dynasty and Yizhou Prefecturein the Qing Dynasty. Linyi district was set up in 1950. In 1994, with theapproval of the State Council, Linyi city was established. Linyi has a splendidhistory and culture. The famous bamboo slips of Sun Tzus art of war and SunBins art of war were unearthed in Linyi city. Thirteen of Confucius 72disciples grew up in Linyi. In history, seven of the 24 filial piety were inLinyi. Zhuge Liang, Wang Xizhi, Yan Zhenqing and abacus inventor Liu Hong wereall born or lived here.

Linyi is a famous old revolutionary base in China. During the Anti JapaneseWar and the war of liberation, our party and our army successively establishedthe revolutionary bases in Binhai, central Shandong and southern Shandong. InAugust 1940, Shandong Provincial wartime work Promotion Committee, the firstprovincial peoples power under the leadership of the Communist Party of China,was established here, and it was renamed Shandong Provincial Peoples Governmentin 1945. Shandong party, government and army organs, the 115th division of theEighth Route Army, the first column of the Eighth Route Army, the New FourthArmy, organs of the East China Bureau, and the East China field army werestationed here for a long time. Liu Shaoqi, Chen Yi, Luo Ronghuan, Xu Qianqian,Su Yu and other proletarian revolutionaries of the older generation all workedhere. Among the 10 marshals and 1604 generals appointed from 1955 to 1965, threemarshals and more than 400 generals fought here. At that time, there were 4.2million people in the base area, more than 200000 of them joined the army, morethan 1 million of them supported the army, and more than 100000 revolutionarymartyrs gave their precious lives here. During the revolutionary war, a largenumber of model figures emerged, such as hongsao and Yimeng six sisters.

Linyi is a city rich in resources. The output of agricultural and sidelineproducts is large and the quality is excellent. There are eight characteristicbases of peanut, tobacco, silkworm, willow, ginkgo, honeysuckle, chestnut andtea, and two advantageous industries of vegetables and fruits. The export volumeof dehydrated vegetables ranked first in China for many years. There are manykinds of mineral resources. 82 kinds of mineral resources have been discoveredand proved, among which diamond reserves rank second in China, quartz sandstone,ceramic soil, dolomite and granite reserves rank first in the province. Freshwater resources are abundant. The total amount of water resources is 5.536billion cubic meters, accounting for one sixth of the total amount of waterresources in the province. More than 90000 water conservancy projects have beenbuilt, including 37 large and medium-sized reservoirs, with a total capacity of3.41 billion cubic meters. Tourism resources are characteristic. At present,there are 8 grade 4A tourist areas and 11 Grade 3A tourist areas in the city.The main peak of Mengshan mountain is 1156 meters above sea level, the secondhighest peak in Shandong Province, known as "Yadai". It is a national 4A scenicspot, known as "natural oxygen bar" and "health preserving longevity mountain";the 3800 meter long natural Reclining Buddha in Junan is known as "worldwonder"; the 6100 meter long Yishui Underground Grand Canyon is known as "thefirst hole of Chinas underground river rafting"; The rubber dam at Xiaobudongof Yihe River is 1247 meters long, all of which are listed in the Guinness Bookof world records. A number of historical sites and tourist attractions, such asYinqueshan Han tomb Bamboo Museum, Wang Xizhis former residence, MengliangguCampaign Memorial Hall, Shandong Tianyu (Pingyi) Nature Museum, are well-knownthroughout the province and even the whole country.

Linyi is a commercial capital with developed logistics industry. Atpresent, there are 1004 markets in the city, with an estimated turnover of 93.37billion yuan in 20__. It has become a systematic and intensive modern logisticsdistribution center. Among them, Linyi Wholesale City has 68 professionalwholesale markets. There are nearly 70000 Zhejiang people doing business in thewholesale city alone. The daily passenger flow of the wholesale city is morethan 300000, and the daily vehicle flow is 50000. The turnover in 20__ reached53.8 billion yuan, forming a pattern of "Yiwu in the South and Linyi in thenorth". The industrial characteristics are outstanding. Relying on theadvantages of Commerce and logistics, we have implemented the strategy of"Prospering industry with commerce", extended the industrial chain of processingindustry, and initially formed eight pillar industries with comparativeadvantages, including machinery, building materials, food, wood industry,medicine, chemical industry, textile and metallurgy.

Linyi is a hub city with obvious location advantages. Beijing Shanghai andRidong expressways and Yanshi and Jiaoxin railways form a double cross in ourcity, with 20000 km of highway traffic mileage, ranking the forefront of theprovince; it is about 100 km away from Lanshan, Rizhao and Lianyungang ports,and 200 km away from Qingdao port; Linyi airport is a national second-classairport, which has opened a number of domestic routes, and a three-dimensionaltraffic pattern has been formed.

Linyi is a growth city with strong advantages. Due to historical andnatural conditions, seven counties in Linyi were listed as poor counties in1985. After 20__ years of hard work, it took the lead in getting rid of povertyin 18 contiguous poverty alleviation areas in China by 1995. In recent years,Linyi has seized the opportunity to speed up its development, and the advantagesof late development have become increasingly apparent, especially the regionaladvantages of connecting the South with the north, the environmental advantagesof beautiful mountains and rivers, the institutional advantages of activeprivate economy, and the political advantages forged by Yimeng spirit, whichhave promoted the economic and social development of Linyi into a fast lane.

In 20__, the gross output value was 1958.82 billion yuan, an increase of13.2%; the annual added value of industries above designated size was 88.42billion yuan, an increase of 16.5%. Investment in fixed assets above designatedscale reached 89.75 billion yuan, an increase of 26.1%. The total retail salesof social consumer goods reached 81.69 billion yuan, an increase of 23.6%, a newhigh in recent years. The total import and export volume of the whole year wasUS $3.99 billion, an increase of 27%; among them, the export volume was US $2.63billion, an increase of 17.1%; the import volume was US $1.36 billion, anincrease of 51.6%. The local fiscal revenue of the city was 8.02 billion yuan,an increase of 16.7%, of which the tax revenue was 5.88 billion yuan, accountingfor 73.3% of the local fiscal revenue. State and local tax revenue totaled 13.54billion yuan, up 13.7%, of which 8.47 billion yuan was from state tax revenue,up 12.8%; 5.07 billion yuan was from local tax revenue, up 15.1%. The per capitadisposable income of urban residents was 14998 yuan, an increase of 17%; the percapita net income of farmers was 5383 yuan, an increase of 14%. At the end of20__, Linyi ranked fifth in the competitiveness of Chinese cities published bythe Chinese Academy of Sciences, and ranked 27th in the "30 most concernedcities in the 30th anniversary of reform and opening up" selected by thepeoples network.

In the next period, the general work idea of Linyi city is: around thegeneral goal of building a prosperous, strong and beautiful "big Linyi, newLinyi", adhere to the "four development goals" of building an economic citymatching the population city, "a strong business city with logistics world", acultural city with ancient and modern culture, and a livable city with superiorwaterfront ecological environment, and actively promote the transformation froman agricultural city to an industrial city "Five transformations and promotions"are made to strengthen the city in industry, from the traditional trade city tothe modern logistics city, from the inward oriented economy city to the outwardoriented economy city, from the ecological resources city to the ecologicalgarden city, and from the population city to the human resources city. Effortsare made to realize "Three Leading Developments" in the Lunan Economic Belt,Huaihai Economic Zone, and the old revolutionary base areas of China. By 20__,we will strive to achieve a regional GDP of 250 billion yuan, a per capita GDPof more than 3000 US dollars, and a local fiscal revenue of 12 billion yuan.

Dear tourists

Hello, everyone. On behalf of Anhui travel agency, I welcome you to YixianCounty for sightseeing. Im Wang Bing, your tour guide of Xidi Hongcun. Pleasecall me Xiao Wang. I hope that Xiao Wangs explanation and service will makeyour trip more enjoyable. Sitting in the drivers seat is our driver, MasterWang, who has been driving for nearly 20 years, so we can rest assured aboutsafety.

Xidi Hong Village is located in Yi County of Huangshan City. In 20__, itwas listed as a world cultural heritage by UNESCO. In 20__, it was rated as a 4Atourist area by the National Tourism Administration, and became one of the firstbatch of famous historical and cultural villages in China. In 20__, it was alsorecognized by the central government The TV station rated it as "Chinascharming town". When it comes to Yi County, I would like to ask you a question.Surely you all know Tao Yuanmings Peach Blossom Land? Do you know where theparadise described by Mr. Wu Liu is? Yes, the tourist is right. Its in Yicounty. His descendants imagined that Yi county was the ideal state they pursuedin the Peach Blossom Land described by their ancestors, so they moved here.Therefore, Yi county is also known as "small Taoyuan". Li Bai, a great poet,once wrote a poem praising Gu Yi: "Yi countys small Taoyuan is a place withthousands of miles of haze. The land is full of trees and plants, and peoplerespect ancient clothes."

Ladies and gentlemen, this morning we will visit Xidi Village, which isknown as the "Museum of ancient Chinese dwellings", and in the afternoon we willvisit Hongcun village, which is known as the "village of Chinese paintings".Xidi village is an ancient village built in the Northern Song Dynasty, where theHu family lived together. It has a history of more than 900 years. Xidi villagehas beautiful scenery, surrounded by mountains and continuous peaks. All itsstreets have been paved with blue stones in Yixian County. Most of the ancientbuildings are of wood structure. Huizhou three carvings (wood carvings, stonecarvings and brick carvings) are rich and colorful. Due to the less invasion ofwar in history, it has not been affected With the impact of economicdevelopment, the original form of the village is well preserved.

When it comes to Xidi, I think many friends would like to know why it iscalled Xidi. In fact, there are two versions: one is that the village issurrounded by two streams, and the water flows from east to west. It is calledXidi when the East water flows to the West; the other is that Xidi is located inthe west of Huizhou Prefecture, where there was a delivery shop in the past, soit is called Xidi. Xidi village is shaped like a ship. What are its mast, sail,cabin and sea? Now lets find out.

Ladies and gentlemen, Hu Wenguangs memorial archway is standing tall atthe entrance of the village to welcome us. Originally, there were 13 memorialarchways arranged in turn, most of which were demolished. Hu Wenguangs memorialarchway was fortunately preserved because of painting and Mao Zedongsquotations. You can see that this archway is made of fine Yixian green, which isthe treasure of stone archways in China. When it comes to Hu Wenguang, he isvery famous. In Jiajing of Ming Dynasty, when he was the magistrate of WanzaiCounty in Jiangxi Province, he benefited the people and was loved by the people.He was promoted to the rank of governor of Jiaozhou with outstandingachievements. He was also the chief historian of Jingwang Mansion in HubeiProvince. He was honored as the "Prime Minister of Jingfan" by the fourofficials of the imperial court. Emperor Shenzong of the Ming Dynasty grantedpermission to build this archway to carry forward his achievements and spread itto later generations. Lets have a look again. There are 32 round decorativepatterns carved on the bucket arch under the eaves, which are quite exquisite.It symbolizes Hu Wenguangs 32 years as an official, and also expresses hisgratitude for the great kindness of the emperor.

Members, lets move on. Now we are standing in front of the gate of Jingaihall. It is the ancestral hall rebuilt in the Qing Dynasty. It has always beenthe meeting place of the Hu people. It is a brick and wood structure buildingwith a span of 30 meters. Lets have a look. The two black marble columns with aheight of 6 meters in the lower hall and the two ginkgo wood columns with adiameter of nearly 2 feet in the upper hall face each other and are symmetricalLiang Jia, how magnificent! Do you see the huge "filial piety" character in theback hall? It was written by Zhu Xi, a neo Confucianism of the Southern SongDynasty. Lets take a closer look at the word "Shou". Is it that you can see ahandsome young man bowing on his back and kneeling on the ground to show filialpiety to his elders, while his hindbrain is like a sharp mouthed monkey head,which means that filial piety is human and unfilial is animal It fully embodiesthe Chinese virtue of respecting the elderly.

Now we are entering tujing hall. This is a residence of Hu Ji hall. As soonas we enter the hall, the first thing we see is a portrait of Hu Ji hall and histhree wives. Lets guess which of the three wives is the eldest, which is thesecond and which is the third. Hehe, most people think that the old and thefrail are the eldest Guess, thats a big mistake. Lets tell you, his eldestwife is very young and died young, so she is still pretty. Therefore, its moreaccurate to judge according to their order. Then lets take a look at HuJitangs clothes. He wears sapphire plumes and patchwork clothes. At a glance,we can see that he is a top three. How can we see that In ancient times, ruby isthe first grade, red coral is the second grade, and sapphire is the third grade.Civil servants wear the pattern of poultry, and military officers wear thepattern of beast. If you look closely, Hu Jitangs clothes are decorated withthe pattern of poultry, so we say he is a civil servant of three grades. Theunique couplet on both sides of Dujing hall is "its good to study, to dobusiness, to work well, to start a business is difficult, to keep a business isdifficult, to know whether its difficult". The couplet compares business withreading, expressing the desire of Huizhou merchants to improve their status.

Well, tourists, we visited dijitang, zhuimutang, yuanyangtang and otherscenic spots. The Xidi tour is over. After lunch, we will go to Hongcun, whichis also an ancient village in southern Anhui. Whats special about Hongcun?Hongcun is also known as niuxing village. What about Niutou, Niuwei, Niujiao andNiudu 》Where is the spot of dragonflies? Lets have a look in the afternoon!