英语导游介绍景点的导游词(推荐20篇)

首先我来介绍故宫的概况。

故宫过去叫紫禁城，它是明清两代的皇宫。紫禁城始建于明朝永乐四年(142019年)永乐十八年建成，占地面积72万多平方米，距今已有62019年的历史。在这里曾居住了明清两朝24位皇帝。紫禁城的建筑是依据我国古代的《周礼.考工记》中“前朝、后市、左祖、右社”的原则建造的。

那么为什么叫“紫禁城”呢?这里面有很深的文化内涵。咱们中国是一个天文学非常发达的国家，早在3000多年前的甲骨文中就有许多关于天象的记载。在古代的天象观测中，人们发现，有一颗星的位置是不变的，始终居于天空的正中，它是紫微星，也就是大家熟悉的北极星。人们认为那是天帝居住的宫殿，称它为“紫宫”。皇帝称自己为天子，就是天帝的儿子，他所居住的宫殿就叫“紫宫”，这是其一，其二呢，皇帝居住的宫院，对寻常老百姓来说，是绝对的禁忌之地。于是两层含义合起来，所以就叫“紫禁城”

紫禁城是明朝的第三个皇帝朱棣，也就是永乐皇帝在142019年开始营建的，用了2019年的时间才全部建成，1421年正式迁都北京。从明朝永乐到清朝宣统，共有24位皇帝在这儿居住过，统治中国达491年。

相传紫禁城有宫殿9999间半，实际上是8700多间，是我国也是世界上目前规模最大、保存最完整的宫殿建筑群。这些宫殿沿中轴线排列，并向两边展开，左右对称，格局严正，气魄雄伟，极为壮观。当我们漫步在这些宫殿之间时，不仅仅可以亲身接触到它的一砖一瓦，还会欣赏到青铜、玉器、书画、珠宝等珍贵的文物。要知道，这些文物都是从故宫博物院150多万件藏品中精心挑选出来的，您定会爱不够，也看不够。再者说，在那些文物的背后，在眼前这些殿宇之中曾经发生过许许多多令人荡气回肠的故事，足以让您听不够、想不够。简单一句话，您今天走进了这明清两代的皇宫，就是走进了中华文明的宝库。

故宫的全称是“故宫博物院”，因为它是在明清两朝的皇宫和宫廷旧藏文物的基础上，建立起来的综合性国家级博物馆。说到这儿您可能会问了，那故宫博物院是什么时候成立的呢?不要着急，这还要从末代皇帝溥仪的退位说起。192019年，辛亥革命推翻了清王朝的统治，192019年溥仪正式宣布退位。按说，这座宫殿应该收归国有。可是，按照当时的规定，溥仪却被允许居住在后宫部分，长达十几年。

在1924年冬季的一天，冯玉祥将军的手下鹿钟麟，将溥仪和他的后妃逐出了皇宫，同时成立“清室善后委员会”，接管故宫，并对皇宫中的文物进行了清点。又经过一年的紧张筹备，1925年10月10日在乾清门前广场举行了盛大的建院典礼。那天，为了争先目睹这座神秘的皇宫和宫殿里珍藏的宝贝，许多人拥向故宫，北京城万人空巷、交通堵塞，这件事成了当天各大报纸的重要新闻。

故宫在开放的第一天，到底接待了多少游客，我们不知道。可这几年，每年都有近1000万中外游客到故宫参观游览。因为故宫是全年365天开放的，算起来，每天平均要接待将近3万人呢。

故宫博物院已经有80多年的历史了，在这么长的时间，尤其是新中国成立后，故宫在古建筑保护、文物收藏、研究和展览方面，取得了巨大的进步。您知道吗?目前故宫珍藏的文物有150多万件，占全国文物馆藏总量的十分之一，其中一级文物占全国文物的五分之一还多呢?那故宫的文物都有哪些品种呢?这150多万件文物种类齐全，包括玉器、陶瓷、书画、珐琅、漆器、金银器，以及大量帝后、妃嫔服饰、衣料和家具等十多个门类。

这些年来，故宫博物院除了保存和复原三大殿、后三宫和西六宫外，又开辟了青铜、陶瓷、书画、珍宝、钟表等专馆，并经常举办各种临时的主题性展览。另外，你还可以到故宫的网站上看看，网址是：.. (D是英文Digital 数字的意思;PM是Palace Museum，故宫的意思。中文意思就是数字故宫。

城池

午门 是皇宫的正门，因其位于紫禁城的午位(正南方)故称午门。“五凤楼”;在明清两朝，它的地位非常重要，许多重大仪式都是在这里举行的。比如：每年农历十月，皇帝要亲自到这儿来颁布下一年的历书。另外，打完仗，将士得胜回朝后，要在午门前举行隆重的献俘礼。午门有时也会作为举行喜庆活动的场所。每年农历正月十五的元宵节，这儿要张灯结彩、“放灯”三天，而且允许平民百姓来赏灯游玩，显示皇家于民同乐、普天同庆的太平景象。然而，说到这午门，大家都会想到“退出午门斩首”这句话吧。其实，这句话纯属误传，北京当时的刑场在南城的菜市口。那这句话是怎么传出来的呢?过去大臣们和皇帝在朝堂上议政，经常出现意见不和的情况。在明朝时，皇帝就可以把触犯他的大臣拉到午门外用竹子打屁股。这叫廷杖。千万不要小看这竹子，它是一种碗口粗的毛竹，里面还要灌上水银，据说是为了加大杀伤力，几杖下去就能皮开肉绽。被打的人不死也要终生残疾。这种恐怖的事情从皇宫传到民间，就逐渐变成“推出午门斩首”了。

神武门 故宫的北门。这座门故去除了供帝后妃嫔、太监、宫女们进进出出外，还是击鼓报时的场地。当年这门楼上有一支大鼓和一口大钟，每夜有专人值班击鼓报更。这里说的更，是过去人们对夜间的计时方法，一更约为两个小时，一夜分五更。夜里11点到第二天1点，正是三更的时候，所以就有了“三更半夜”或“半夜三更”的说法。每天夜幕降临后，在击鼓报初更之前，先要敲钟108响。楼高夜静，紫禁城里的人们，都能听到这钟鼓声。

东华门 是整个明代皇宫的东门，与西华门一东一西，遥相对应。东华门与西华门不像午门与神武门那样处于正南正北方为，而是处于靠近东南、西南方位。

西华门是紫禁城的西门，门外与东华门一样矗立着一块下马石碑。这个门的职能与东华门相同，是大臣们上朝进宫出入的必经之地，或许因为出入东华门要经过一大片马厩的缘故，大多数朝臣一般进出皇宫都走西华门。清代皇帝和太后平时出宫游玩也多走西华门。

角楼 在紫禁城高高的城墙上，有四座小巧别致、精美无比的角楼。它们像四颗明珠，镶嵌在高大的城墙上，它们不仅是我国，也是世界上的建筑精品。这角楼的建筑十分复杂，它一共有三层檐。关于这角楼的建造，还有一个故事呢，我来说说吧。 相传，明朝的永乐皇帝在修建皇宫时，特意指定要在紫禁城的死角，各建造一座“九梁十八柱七十二脊”的角楼，并且限期100天，盖不好要杀头。谁也没有见过这么复杂的建筑阿，这可难坏了全国各地的能工巧匠。眼看皇帝的限期就要到了，工匠们愁的都吃不下饭。这是，来了一个卖蝈蝈的老头儿。他那蝈蝈笼子非常精致漂亮，大家都为过去看那巧夺天工的笼子。有个工匠不自觉的数起笼子上的玉米秸，“一根梁，两根梁…..”一数，一共是九根横粱、十八根柱子、七十二个脊。哎，这部正式咱们要盖的角楼吗!大家非常兴奋，突然想起卖蝈蝈的老头儿，可一看，老头儿不见了。工匠们七嘴八舌的说，这是鲁班爷显灵，来救我们了。于是，工匠们如期建好了角楼。

护城河和金水河 紫禁城城垣的外围围绕着一条宽52米，深6米的护城河，河岸陡直，由条石砌成，俗称筒子河。清代护城河的北、东、西三面内侧建有守卫围房732间，戒备森严。护城河水的源头是京西的玉泉山，玉泉山水经过颐和园、运河、西直门的高梁桥，流到市中心的后海，然后从地安门的步梁桥下分出支流，经景山西门的地道进入护城河。从康熙朝开始在护城河中种莲藕，农历七月，荷花盛开，十分壮观。收获的莲子和莲藕除交给宫中食用外，剩余的拿到市场上卖，所得银子作为小花销。嘉庆以后开始出租给人养荷收取租金。故宫周围有两条金水河，一条是内金水河，一条是外金水河。外金水河在天安门前，其水系来自护城河西边的河段，护城河河水到达宫墙西南角后，进入地道，在从织女桥流出，绕过社稷坛，从外金水桥流过，经牛郎桥向东过天妃闸，流出皇城。内金水河的水是从神武门西边的地道引入的护城河河水，河水沿内廷西区供电墙外向南流，在慈宁花园墙外向东南转，蜿蜒经武英殿，在太和门前广场形成一个优美的拱形渠，然后转向北流经文渊阁，在銮驾库的西边流出皇宫。整条内金水河在皇宫里绵延2019多米，河上共有大大小小21座桥，还有10多处涵洞。内金水河除有排泄雨水、方便宫中取水、消防等实际功能之外，增加精致也是其中不可忽视的因素。

太和门和三大殿

太和门 朋友们，到了皇宫，您一定想知道皇帝上早朝的地方吧，太和门，就是明朝“御门听证”的地方。所谓御门听证，就是大家所说的上早朝，由皇帝和大臣们讨论、处理国家大事。 在人们的印象中，皇帝上朝都是在威严的大殿里，其实不然。每天清晨，皇帝从后宫出来，坐在这太和门种种摆放的龙椅上。王公大臣们按照文东武西的顺序，站在门下的广场上，向皇帝奏事。皇帝身边站着当班的内阁学士，负责记录皇帝的意见，退朝后再稍加整理，颁行天下，这就是我们常说的“圣旨”或“上谕”，国家的日常事务就在这太和门商量决定了。说到这里，也许您会想到：在露天的门外办公，万一刮风下雨怎么办呢?其实别说刮风下雨，就是平常这里也不打舒服。但按当时的规定：皇帝和大臣们每天都要上早朝。不过，制度是死的，人是活的。封建社会每个朝代的头一两个皇帝一般都还比较勤奋，后代的皇帝就贪图享乐，把祖父辈打江山时的艰辛和治天下短裤新都抛到脑后了。明朝也不例外，中后期的万历皇帝竟长达24年不临朝。历史学家曾说过“明之亡，则亡于神宗”就是说明朝的灭亡正是从这位明神宗开始的。到清朝的时候，将御门听证改在故宫的乾清门。

金水桥 在太和殿前面有五座精致的汉白玉石桥，这就是著名的金水桥。您知道它为什么叫“金水桥”吗?我先说桥下这条河的水，它来自京城西面的玉泉山，从紫禁城的西北进入，东南流出。而古人推崇阴阳五行学说，就是金木水火土这五种物质，认为“西”这个方位在五行中属金，所以取名“金水河”，那上面的桥自然就叫“金水桥”了，我们都知道，天安门外也有金水桥，那是外金水桥，而我们眼前的是内金水桥，这金水河不光起到了装饰庭院的作用，也是紫禁城里重要的消防水源和排水渠道，故宫中的水源是很少的，一旦宫殿着火，金水河里的水就非常珍贵了。

太和殿 在宽阔的太和门广场上，广场中间有一条青白石铺成的御道，这条御道当年只有皇帝才能走。从太和门广场北望，在那高大、漂亮的汉白玉台基上，有座雄伟的建筑叫太和殿，也就是老百姓所说的金銮殿。这汉白玉台基高达8米，比现在的两层楼还要高。修建这么高的台基，为的就是造成大殿的雄壮感。咱们国家古建筑的主体是木结构，而木材本身又不可能很高大，于是聪明的工匠采用高大的石台基将大殿托起，以增强气势。 在紫禁城所有宫殿中，以这座金銮殿最受尊崇，当年最高级别的仪式和大典都在这里举行。比如说，皇帝登基、大婚、册立皇后，还有在发生战争时派将出征，都要在太和殿举行非常隆重地典礼活动。其中最为隆重的就是登基大典，皇帝要这里接受百官和外国使臣的朝贺。此外一年当中的三个大节庆，也就是元旦、冬至和万寿节，皇帝也要在这里举行盛大的宴会。其实这个元旦不是咱们现在的新年，而是农历的大年初一_—春节。冬至是一年当日光照时间最短的一天，古人认为这是阳长阴消的日子，值得大庆。所以皇帝要在冬至那天到天坛祭天，次日在太和殿接受王公大臣的朝贺，而万寿节则是当朝皇帝自己的生日。您可能在电视剧中看到过举行大典的场景把，这广场的两要布置雄壮的仪仗队，文武百官就跪在这御道的两旁。而皇帝是坐在太和殿内的宝座上，接受官员们的叩拜大礼的。既然太和殿的地位这么重要，在建筑规格上自然就是最高、最大的了。它的建筑面积是2377平方米。不仅在紫禁城内，就是从全国范围看，也是现存最大的木结构宫殿。从它的屋脊到地面，高达35米，比现在的10层楼房还要高。讲到这里，不知您是否注意到这么一个问题。您看，这么大的一个广场，怎么连一颗树也没有?原来，这是为了突出三大殿的壮观和皇帝的尊严。您想一想，如果这里松柏参天，三大殿掩映在树荫之中，那还能有现在这种气势马?再者说，这里是举行重大典礼的地方，要求格外庄严肃穆。如果有了树木，仪仗和百官的站位都会受到影响，将有损于典礼的严肃性。如此说来，是这些宫殿建筑的功能，决定了这里不能种树。 在太和殿的汉白玉台基上，有许多青铜鼎，其实那时香炉，因为它们是模仿周朝的鼎造的，所以叫鼎式炉。三层石台上共有18个香炉，象征着清朝的18个行省。每当大典时，就在香炉腹部装上香料，然后将香料点燃，18个香炉就一起散出缕缕青烟，使太和殿显得更加神秘庄严。 太和殿外面两边平台的两个角落，各有一件汉白玉雕凿的器具。在一块圆石板上，中间插一根铁针，周围刻有刻度。当太阳升起时，铁针的投影指向哪个时刻，就表示是什么时辰了。它叫日晷，是古代的一种计时工具。与日晷对称的位置，是一座石头亭子，它叫嘉量。在嘉量的里面石斛(hu)、斗、升、合(ge)、龠(yue)五种计量器具，一直到近代，人们还常用斗和升来称量东西。为什么要把这两件器具摆放在这儿呢?这里面有很深的文化内涵。在中国古代，时间和度量衡是非超重要的，它代表上天的旨意和国家的统一。在世间，只有天子才能代表上天，行使规定时间和计量的权力，它们象征着皇权的至高无上。摆放在日晷和嘉量旁边的统龟、铜鹤是举行大典时熏香用的，但还有一定的寓意。我们都知道，龟、鹤是长寿的动物，在太和殿的两边摆放上龟、鹤，象征着国运永昌。 我们都知道故宫有8700多间房子，而这太和殿，就有55间，这是怎么回事呢?因为在古代，我们把四根柱子之间算一间屋子，而太和殿是横11间、纵5间，就是55间了。所以说，整个故宫也只是由几百座宫殿。 摆放在太和殿中平台上的龙椅，就是民间俗称的金銮宝座。它是用紫檀木制成，从明朝到清朝一直是用。这宝座的宽度大大超过高度，给人一种非常稳定的感觉，象征着皇权安稳、江山永固。大殿里的柱子，靠近金銮宝座的是6根金黄色的柱子，他表面贴的是金箔，6根金柱拱卫着那巨大的龙椅，把皇帝衬托得更加尊贵、庄严。此外还有66根朱红色的柱子。这些柱子都是用才子东北长白山的红松制成的，每根高12米，直径1米多，两个人都抱不过来。当年没有显得的大型运输工具，要采伐、运输这么的木材，实在是一件非常艰难的事情。 在太和殿的天花板上，有一个盘龙藻井。这“藻井”是古建筑中的名称，就是指天花板中间镂孔雕刻的一块。太和殿的藻井是一条蟠龙，就叫蟠龙藻井。在这龙嘴的下面，吊着一个亮晶晶的圆球，它叫“轩辕镜”。这个东西可大有讲究，您听说过“炎黄子孙”这个词吧。传说古代有炎、黄两帝，而咱们现代人都是它们的后代，所以中国人都说自己是炎黄子孙。而过去的皇上也自认为是黄帝的继承者和接班人。这个传说中的黄帝号“轩辕氏”，而皇上在宝座的正上方悬挂一个轩辕镜，表示自己三正统黄帝，而且有轩辕氏的保佑。 太和殿地面上铺的是一种亮亮的方砖。您听说过紫禁城“金砖墁地”吗?指的就是这种“金砖”。这种砖并不是拿黄金制成的，那它为什么会叫金砖呢?这种砖是在今天苏州附近的御窑村烧制的。因为是专门为京城烧制的，所以叫“京砖”。可是南方人发“京”这个字音时，听起来像是黄金的“金”字。久而久之，这京砖被叫成金砖了。虽说这砖不是用黄金制成，可是由于它的制作方法独特，工艺复杂，它的质地更像大理石一样细密、坚固，尽管经历了几百年的摩擦，依然光亮如镜，再加上烧制、铺墁这种砖的费用也是很高的，所以，冠以“金砖”的美名，也是名副其实。

中和殿 太和殿后面有一座四四方方、象亭子一样的建筑，是中和殿。它是黄帝在大典之前的休息室。每次大典前，皇帝从后宫出来，在中和殿稍作停留。当太和殿所有的仪式都准备好后，有专门的人来导引着皇帝，沿中间的御道，从太和殿的后门走近去。当皇帝一落座，就要焚香、奏乐、响鞭，整个大典便开始了。由于这里是皇帝大典之前做准备工作的地方，所以他在后来逐渐成为举行各种祭祀、典礼时的准备场所。在各种祭祀活动中，有一项很特殊，那就是每年春天的祭农。每年春分，皇帝要到先农坛，那里有一块皇帝的“自留地”，就是咱们俗称的“一亩三分地”。平常有专门的官员管理，但到了春分那天，皇帝要亲自到这块田地上，扶扶犁，锄锄地，这叫行“亲耕礼”，祈求五谷丰登。皇帝在去先农坛之前，要在中和殿举行一个仪式，看一看他要用的农具，这也反映皇帝对农业的重视。当然了，中和殿还有其他用途。比如皇帝要在这里阅视家谱。皇族和老百姓一样，也有自己的家谱，皇帝的家谱叫“玉牒”。玉是玉器的玉，牒是通牒的牒，每隔十年重修一次。这里要说明一句，皇帝的家谱虽名为玉牒，但并不是用玉制成的，也是用纸张书写，只是为了强调皇帝家谱的高贵，才称为玉牒。中和殿的另一个用途，是皇帝在这里为皇太后上徽号。皇帝为了表示孝道，要在寿庆和节日给皇太后上一些吉祥的称号，叫做徽号。像我们熟悉的“慈禧”“慈安”就是徽号。

保和殿是一座非常著名的宫殿，在明清两朝，这里是皇家的高级宴会厅。每逢重大节日和帝后生日，皇帝都要在这里宴请文武百官，以示庆贺。一些少数民俗的领袖，像西藏的高僧，蒙古王公来皇宫，皇帝也要在这里设宴款待，以示笼络。公主出嫁，皇帝也要在这里宴请亲家，表示对他们的尊重。然而，保和殿在读书人的心目中，地位是最高的，因为从清朝乾隆年间开始，保和殿拥有了一项更加重要的职能，成为中国科举考试的最高一级殿试的考场。老百姓所熟知的状元，就是从这座大殿里考出来的。朝为放牛郎，暮登天子堂。将相本无种，男儿当自强!您听过这首童谣吗?它的前两句是说一个青年早上还在为地主放牛，晚上就到天子堂来考试了。而“天子堂”，指的就是这保和殿。这里形容读书人的一步登天，其实当年可不是这样的。在当年，能够到这座大殿内参加考试，就应经是非常非常不容易了。因为来到这里的考生，都是从全国众多学子中，经过从地方到京城层层考试选出来的。一个读书人，熟读“四书五经”之后，首先要中秀才。中了秀才就是读书人，到县衙大堂，见县官就不用跪了。秀才要去省会城市考试考“乡试”，考中为举人，举人就可以做县令之类的小官了，社会地位也会得到很大的提升。您还记得吗，在电视剧《铁齿痛牙纪晓岚》里就有秀才参加乡试，考官们徇私作弊的情节。其实，中举对于科举之路来说，只是万里长征走完了第一步。举人们还要到京城的国子监去考“会试”。然后才有资格到这座宫殿参加考试，所以叫“殿试”。“殿”就是保和殿的“殿”。殿试每三年举行一次，由皇帝亲自主考。从早上考到晚上，整整一天。阅卷工作全部结束，皇帝要在太和殿进行一个隆重的发榜仪式，称之为“金殿传胪”。所有参加殿试的贡生们都云集在太和广场，皇帝亲自在大典上宣读前三名的名字。考中第一名的称为状元，第二，第三名称为榜眼和探花。这三个人可以很荣耀的从午门正中的门洞走出紫禁城，这是皇帝对他们的恩宠。

云龙石雕 故宫中，在许多宫殿的前台都有石雕，用浮雕的手法刻出游龙、翔凤等图案。这些石雕主要为了装饰，显示皇家的威严和气派。在这些大大小小的石雕中，保和殿后也就是台阶中间的云龙石雕是最大的一块。石雕的图案，从上到下，刻着九条形态各异、栩栩如生的游龙，嬉戏于云海之中，非常生动、精美。这块石雕是用一块完整的大青石雕成的，现在长16.57米，宽3.07米，平均厚度1.70米，重量达200多吨。这块石料是采自北京房山区的大石窝村，距离紫禁城有100多华里。在500多年前，没有任何现代化运输工具的情况下，是如何从百里之外将这么巨大的石头完整的运来的呢?这是一个非常有趣的话题。简单地说，就是借助冰，是用拉旱船的办法拖过来的。工匠们从紫禁城到大石窝村，每隔一里地打一口井。到了严冬季节，从井里把水提上来，泼在路面上，就这样波一条100多华里的冰道。我们知道，饼面上的摩擦力小的多。就是这种能够情况下，仍然动用了两万多名民工、几千匹骡马，用了近一个月时间，耗银11万两，才把这块大石头拉进紫禁城里，其艰难程度可想而知。每个人站在它面前，都不得不从心底叹服古代劳动人民的勤劳和智慧。

铜缸 故宫里有许多大缸，您想这些大缸是做什么用的呢?这些缸是储水防火用的，故宫里现在总共有308口铜缸或铁缸，分散在各个宫殿附近。故宫的缸都有一个特点，缸底的石基都留有一个方口。因为北京的冬天很冷，户外的水很容易结冰，所以入冬以后，专门有太监来管理这些缸。在缸的外面套上棉套，上面盖上缸盖，低下烧上炭火，一直烧到惊蛰时节气温回升了才撤火，基座下的方口就是烧炭的炭口。这些缸大部分都是用青铜铸成的，缸外面是镏金的，一口缸要用黄金约3公斤。金灿灿的镏金铜缸衬着红墙，十分华贵气派。可是，如果我们走到前朝宫殿旁边，会发现那里的缸表面只留下了斑斑的黄迹。这是怎么回事呢?说道这儿，我要讲一段令人心酸的历史了。100多年前，也就是公元192019年，八国联军以镇压义和团的名义，侵略北京。当他们进入紫禁城后，对宫廷物品进行了大肆劫掠，抢走了数不清的玉器、玛瑙、佛像，许多珍贵图书、档案也被破坏。这些大缸表面，金灿灿的黄金夜难逃此劫。贪婪的侵略者用刺刀把缸表面的镏金一点点刮去，留下横七竖八的刀痕，引起我们痛苦的回忆，提醒我们要勿忘国耻，自强不息!

横街

在保和殿和乾清门之间有条狭长的广场，是紫禁城内的一条分界线，称“横街”，又叫乾清门广场。横街以南是外朝，是举行重大典礼的场所。横街以北是皇帝后妃们居住的地方。从这里向北的一片金碧辉煌的宫殿，就是紫禁城的内廷。在内廷紫禁城的中轴线上有三座宫殿，依次是乾清宫、交泰殿和坤宁宫，称为后三宫，再往北是御花园。两侧各有六座规制相同的院落，就是妃嫔们居住的东六宫和西六宫。东六宫的东侧，有皇帝供奉祖先的奉献殿和乾隆打算养老的宁寿全宫。在内廷中轴线的西面，有一大片宫殿，是供太后、太妃们居住的慈宁宫、寿康宫。另外，还有一座很高的建筑，与周围其他殿堂有很大差异。那是外西路的一处佛堂，叫雨花阁，是故宫中最大的一处佛堂。这座阁楼的形制与其他宫殿明显不同，它的四个屋脊各雕有一条铜铸镏金的龙，四条游龙栩栩如生，呼之欲出。

军机处 在乾清门西高墙边，有排又矮又小的房子，比起紫禁城里那些高大的宫殿，它们实在是太不起眼了。可是正像俗话所说的“人不可貌相”一样，这几间小房子也非比寻常，因为这就是鼎鼎大名的“军机处”所在地。您在各种文学、影视作品中所看到的“军机大臣”，就在这里值班。清朝为什么要把军机处那样一个非常重要的机构，放在这么一个不起眼的地方呢?就是因为这排房子的一墙之隔就是皇帝居住的养心殿。雍正初年，西北地区放生大规模的武装叛乱，军情紧急，雍正皇帝经常在养心殿昼夜不停的和大臣们商量如何评定叛乱。为了随时召见这些大臣，雍正便将养心殿外这排平房作为大臣们休息和等候的地方。这样一来，既节省了时间，又有利于保密。于是，军机处成为正式的国家机关，国家的军政大事都在这里决断，而本来掌握朝政大权的内阁变成空架子。军机大臣的人选要皇帝亲自在大学士、尚书、侍郎等大臣中选任。这样军机处就完全置于皇帝的直接控制之下了。而军机大臣确实有一定权势。要是没有过人的才能，还是不可能成为军机大臣的。一位大臣初入军机处，叫学习“行走”，他每天的工作就是誊写诗片。皇帝每天口诵所制诗文，这位大臣只能肃立静听，然后回到军机处根据记忆将皇帝的诗文誊些出来，也能做到准确无误了，才能参加撰写皇帝的谕旨。皇帝的谕旨，有时一天好几次，有时一说就是几百句话，听了以后，仅凭记忆，要能写的完全符合皇帝的本意才行。您说，这活儿容易吗?

景运门 在明朝时期可是戒备森严，没有皇帝的诏令，就是王公大臣也不能进入。因为，这是进入皇宫内院的必经之门。在景运门西面，有一个和它正对着的门，叫隆宗门，隆宗门的作用及管理办法，和景运门完全一样的。

后三宫

乾清门，它和南面的太和门有异曲同工之处。太和门是明朝“御门听证”的场所，清朝则改在这里。清代的许多重大国事比如平定吴三桂等人的叛乱、抗击沙皇俄国的侵略、出兵收复中国台湾等。都是在这里讨论决策的。乾清门内是一个不大的院子，周围有一些看上去很普通的长廊式房屋，您可千万别小看这些没有气派的平房，中国历史上许多重大历史事件就发生在这里。您听说过康熙智擒鳌拜的故事吗?这历史上真实的一幕，就发生在乾清门西侧的叫南书房的屋子里。康熙做皇帝的时候只有8岁，又鳌拜登四名大臣辅政，鳌拜居功自傲，专横跋扈。有很大野心。他通过大肆结党营私，迫害异己逐渐总揽了朝廷大权，干了许多坏事。康熙14岁时，名义上正式亲政，可实际上鳌拜仍然控制着朝廷，把康熙置于傀儡地位。有一次，鳌拜和一个大臣发生争执，鳌拜在朝堂上，就和皇帝大吵大闹，后来竟然撸起袖子、伸出拳头，胁迫康熙。康熙只好暂时忍耐。从那以后，康熙决心除掉这块绊脚石。然而鳌拜是满族贵族中有名的“勇士”武功极好，又手握大权，在朝中有一大帮党羽，要扳倒鳌拜也不是件容易的事。康熙决定智取，假装迷上了摔跤，他让人找了十几个身体强壮并和自己年龄相仿的少年，天天在一起玩摔跤。有时鳌拜进宫办事，看到小皇帝这样贪玩，认为不会有什么作为，就更加不把皇帝放在心上，做着独揽大权的美梦。经过一年多的训练，康熙认为时机已经成熟，便在康熙八年五月的一天，召鳌拜来南书房讲书，当时这里是康熙读书的地方。当鳌拜像往常一样趾高气扬的走进去时，突然拥上一帮少年，连拉带绊把他按倒在地，鳌拜还以为这帮孩子在跟他开玩笑。当他被捆绑住后，康熙严厉的列举了鳌拜的30条罪状。考虑到鳌拜毕竟为清朝立下过汗马功劳，宣布将他终生监禁。不可一世的鳌拜后来死在狱中。这一年康熙皇帝才16岁。

乾清宫 是皇帝的寝宫，明朝的14位皇帝和清朝的顺治，康熙两位皇帝都曾在这里居住，并在这里批阅奏章、召见官员、接见外国使节。从清朝第五代皇帝雍正开始，将寝宫移到了养心殿。宫殿里宝座的上方，悬挂着一块牌匾，上面写着“正大光明”四个大字。这块匾是康熙皇帝临摹顺治皇帝的笔迹写成的，在学多电视剧中出现过，可以说它是紫禁城中最重要的一块匾，为什么这么说呢，有两个理由：首先“正大光明”这四个字是清朝皇帝标榜的祖训格言，制成扁悬挂在这里，作为立身、齐家、治国、平天下的基本准则。再者，它和清朝雍正皇帝创立的秘密建储制度有关。储是储存的储，建储业叫立储，就是确立皇位继承人。我国历代王朝，大都采取公开建储的方式，立为太子的多是嫡长子，也就是皇后生的第一个儿子。可是皇帝的儿子一般都很少，不少皇子都做着皇帝梦，他们为此往往拉帮结伙、勾心斗角，甚至发展为同胞骨肉互相残杀，您看过电视剧《康熙王朝》吗?剧中的康熙皇帝就因为建储而遇到问题：他曾两次立嫡长子胤礽为太子，又两次把他废掉。此后康熙便不再提太子的人选，直到他临死之前，才下诏书，让四子胤祯继承皇位，这就是雍正皇帝。由于康熙朝的太子长期不定，而雍正即位又比较突然，所以民间就盛传雍正是偷改了康熙皇帝的遗诏而登上皇帝宝座的。据说，康熙写的是“传位十四子”，雍正勾结负责传召的故名大臣隆科多将“十”字上面加一横，下面加意钩，改称了了“于”字，成为“传位于四子”。事实果真如此吗?据清史专家考证，这种传说是靠不住的，因为清代这种传位诏书要用满汉两种文字书写。这样看来，雍正并不是靠篡改诏书登上皇位的。雍正皇帝即位后，吸取历史教训，决定将公开立太子的制度，该为秘密建储。秘密建储的做法是，皇帝在位时不公开确立太子，通过对皇子们的全面考查，选定皇位接班人，并秘密的将这个皇子的名字写在两份诏书上，一份由混各地随身带着，另一份装在一个小盒子里，密封好后，就放在这块“正大光明”匾背后。当皇帝病危时或去世后，由朝廷重臣和王公贵族，一起把这两份诏书取出来，对照无异后，即按照上面的名字公布下一任皇帝。这种方法确实减少了皇子之间的争斗。雍正皇帝设立了这种秘密建储制度后，他的儿子乾隆皇帝就是以这种方式登上皇位的。

交泰殿 是以做四方的亭式建筑。这座宫殿上的彩画图案和其他宫殿的是有区别的。所绘彩画是一对对飞翔凤凰，而其他宫殿基本上都是一对对游龙。在封建社会，龙是皇帝的象征，而凤凰是皇后的象征。皇后头上戴的是凤冠，穿的是凤头鞋，住的是凤楼。说到这儿您是不是已经想到了交泰殿的用途，原来这交泰殿是宫内专门为皇后准备的正殿。在皇宫中，皇后的地位也是非常尊贵的。每年的一些重要节日，如元旦，还有千秋节，也就是皇后的生日，皇后就会端坐在交泰殿内的宝座上，接受宫内嫔妃以及一些高级官员大夫人的朝拜。殿内正上方悬挂的那张匾写有“无为”二字。这两个字很是耐人寻味，无为是古代的一种政治思想，讲究清静无为、清心寡欲，其实就是不要有太多的作为，凡是要顺其自然。交泰殿虽然不大，里面的陈设却非常丰富。宝座两旁有一些蒙着布的方架子颇引人注目。当年这些架子上放置着象征皇权的大印，一共有25方，习惯上称为二十五宝，这些都是乾隆皇帝亲自选出来的。在殿的两侧，还有两件大型计时器，东边的叫“铜壶滴漏”，西边的叫“大自铭钟”。铜壶滴漏是中国古代传统的计时器，大自铭钟是吸收西方近代科学仿造的钟表。

坤宁宫 是后三宫的最后一宫。我们知道后三宫中最前面的是乾清宫，从名字上看，按照中国传统文化的解释，这“坤宁”二字同乾清宫的“乾清”二字是非常对应的，“乾”指天，象征着阳;“坤”指地，象征着阴。“清”“宁”都是表示安定、和谐的意思。您该猜到坤宁宫的作用了吧!乾清宫是皇帝的寝宫，那坤宁宫自然是皇后的寝宫了。在明朝，除了个别失宠的皇后外，其他皇后都住在这座宫殿内。清代，顺治和康熙时期，皇后依然住在坤宁宫里。到了雍正皇帝时，由于皇帝搬出乾清宫，皇后也就不再住坤宁宫了，于是对坤宁宫作了改建。从此，这座古老的宫殿在结构和功能上，都发生了有趣的变化。首先说，这座宫殿的正门不居中，而是偏向东边，这是东北地区满族的建筑特色，再者说，坤宁宫的窗户纸都糊在窗棂的外面，过去人们说东北三大怪，其中就有这“窗户纸糊在外”。在风沙大地区，这种把窗户纸糊在密集的窗棂外面的方法，既可以使窗户纸不易被风刮破，还可以使窗棂上不落灰尘。屋内的陈设，就更有特色了。大殿的西半部分较大，是萨满教举行祭神的场地。萨满教是满足的民族宗教，在东北地区非常流行，它是一个多神教，佛教中的释迦牟尼、观音菩萨，汉族民间祭拜的关云长，以及山里的虎、鹿、猪、熊，路边的石头、树林等都是萨满教的祭祀对象。坤宁宫东侧是皇帝皇后大婚的洞房。按照礼仪，帝、后新婚，要这这里住满三天。三天之后，皇帝搬到养心殿，而皇后在东西六宫中中选择一宫居住。洞房中的陈列室末代皇帝溥仪和他的“皇后”婉容大婚的原状。洞房的墙上涂着红漆，地上铺着红地毯，到处都是红色，在洞房的门口和东侧过道的木影壁上，各有一个大红底金色双喜字，寓意着“开门见喜”。靠窗户的大炕，是皇帝和皇后因交杯酒、唱交祝歌的地方。屋内靠西北墙的地方摆有皇帝和皇后的龙凤喜床。

坤宁门 是御花园的入口。到了这里，古柏老槐扑面而来，有一种神清气爽的感觉。御花园的面积并不大，它东西长130多米，南北宽90米，总面积不超过12019平方米。但古代的工匠们就利用这一方小小得天地，安排了各类建筑20多座、古树160株，还有两座假山、两方水池及散布其间的大量奇花异石，使御花园显得格外典雅、幽静，幽赏起来，美不胜收。

御花园

钦安殿 走进天一门，在钦安殿的前面，您能看到两棵长的很奇特的柏树。这两棵树的根和主干彼此独立，但从树杈上就相依相偎，难分彼此了。人们称它为“连理树”、“连理枝”。古代人把这种连理枝又叫“合欢树”、“夫妻树”。其实它们不是天然形成的，在它们很小的时候，园艺工匠就将它们拧到了一起，最后长成了这个样子。您知道吗，钦安殿是整个故宫中最古老的建筑，它是从明代保存下来的，距现在已经有580多年的历史了。明清两朝都在这里供奉玄武大帝。玄武大帝也叫真武大帝，是水神。皇宫都是木结构的房子，非常怕火，过去由于没有避雷针，曾多次着火。特别是太和殿，因为最高大，更容易遭受雷击，自明初建成以来，曾经发生五次较大的火灾。所以封建帝王们特意在宫中专门找一个宫殿供奉水神，祈求保佑皇宫的安全。而且，这连理枝前的门叫天一门，门的名字也跟水有关系。《易经》上说“天一生水”，水是灭火的，于是起这个名字，用水镇火，图个吉利。我们都知道，浙江宁波有一座明代的藏书楼叫“天一阁”，也是取这个意思。当然，这些都是一种心理上的安慰罢了。

养性斋 是座凹字形的两层楼阁式建筑。它的外墙倚着御花园的墙壁，海棠树、太湖石环绕周围，环境很优雅，在这儿居住一定很舒服。谁在这儿住过呢?他就是末代皇帝溥仪的英文老师。这位英文老师是苏格兰人，中文名字叫庄士敦。他是一个中国通，中国话也讲的非常流利。在电影《末代皇帝》中，就有这位英文教师的镜头。溥仪在《我的前半生》中写道，自己念书厌烦的时候，庄士敦能循循善诱，“讲些山南海北、古今中外的掌故。”他称赞庄士敦是自己的又一个灵魂。因此，溥仪特意把这养性斋，赏赐给庄士敦当书房兼卧室。当然，溥仪学习英文就业在这里了。

堆秀山，它是用江苏太湖流域的“太湖石”人工堆砌成的。太湖石是在太湖里被湖水多次冲刷而形成的奇形怪状的石头。要细算起来，这堆秀山“太湖石”的历史比整个皇宫都古老，听我们讲讲吧。在北宋的都城开封，过去由一座山叫“艮岳”，就是用太湖石堆成的。可是建好后不久，北宋就被金朝灭亡了，艮岳山也毁了。等到明朝初年修建紫禁城时，就把这些石头运到这儿，堆成了我们眼前的堆秀山。所以这些太湖石有近102019年的历史了。在山脚下，正中有一个门洞，在门洞的东西两侧各有一座人工喷泉。那时候故宫里没有自来水管道，这喷泉是怎么设计的呢?工匠们在半山腰两侧各设一口蓄水的大缸，通过水道，产生压力，使水从下面的龙嘴里喷出。而喷泉造型是用石头雕刻的一条蛟龙，盘踞在石座上面。喷泉整体造型和谐美观，使皇帝的游玩别有情趣。堆秀山山上有一座小亭子“御景亭”。那儿是御花园的最高点，每年农历八月十五中秋节、九九重阳节，皇帝会带着后妃们，在亭内登高赏月、饮酒作诗。

絳雪轩 为5间房的建筑。这个“絳”字是红色的意思。可我们都知道，雪是白的，那么，絳雪岂不成了红色的雪吗?其实，当年这里种着5棵海棠树。一阵微风吹来，白中透红的海棠花瓣纷纷飘落，地面上就像下了一层红色的雪，乾隆皇帝为此作诗“暇日高轩成小立，东风絳雪未酣霏”，来赞美当时的景色，所以取名叫絳雪轩。絳雪轩对面的花坛，竖着一块枯木。但您仔细想想，如果这是块木头，常年的风吹日晒雨淋，早就腐烂了。其实，这是一块木头的化石，叫木变石。这木变石是怎么形成的呢?据记载，东北的松木沉入松花江，经常年累月，变成石头，就是木变石了。一般的木变石都比较小，可是我们看这块石头，有一米多高，就十分难得了。这块石头是黑龙江的一个大将军，进献给乾隆皇帝的，乾隆得到石头后，非常高兴，诗兴大发，题诗一首，刻在石头上。

延晖阁 为二层阁楼。您可千万不要小看这阁楼，清朝的选秀女就是在这里进行的，每三年选一次，满、蒙、汉八旗官员的女儿凡是13岁到17岁的都要参选，只有到17岁仍未被选上的才可以自由婚嫁。选秀女的时候，候选的女孩子们先由太监从神武门领到这御花园北门外等候。选时一到，再将那些女孩子引到这延晖阁前站好，让坐在阁里的皇帝、皇太后挑选。被选中的秀女，或成为皇帝的嫔妃，或指配给皇子皇孙和皇家宗室的子弟。您知道吗?慈禧就是17岁时在这里被选入宫的。好，延晖阁讲到这里。我现在问您一个问题，您看过电视剧《还珠格格》吗?那里面的格格门住的地方叫什么来着?没错，淑芳斋!在延晖阁西北边有一个小屋檐，倚着红墙，那里面就是淑芳斋了。它位于西六宫最北处，目前还没有公开开放。我所以要讲一家，是为了消除一个误会，实际上这淑芳斋并不是拍《还珠格格》时的场景，也不是格格居住的地方，电视剧只是借用了这个名字。在清朝的时候，淑芳斋是皇帝和后妃们看戏的场所。紫禁城内共有5个戏台，淑芳斋里就有两个，梅兰芳、杨小楼等人都在这里演过戏

Suzhou, the ancient said there is a wu, wu, will collection, Wu Zhou, Wu Jun, at pingkiang, sui suzhou, delay said today. Suzhou ever since the dawn of recorded history of more than 4000 years, is one of the first batch of 24 historical and cultural city. Long history, gave birth to the unique charm to celebrities.of.

For one thousand years, suzhou humanities ceremony. In ancient times produced by sun wu, fan zhongyan, shen kua, such as tang Yin, gu yanwu, KuaiXiang statesmen, thinkers, strategists, scientists, artists; Contemporary fields have emerged a large number of outstanding figures. Suzhou genre of painting, calligraphy, seal cutting, each has his strong point; Drama, medicine, building its own genre, of its own. Suzhou embroidery, the yellow house world-famous woodcut New Year pictures and other arts and crafts.

Suzhou city was built in 514 BC, more than 2500 years ago. Is located in the position of the spring and autumn period, the basic maintained a "surface parallel, river street adjacent" double chessboard pattern of "three vertical and three horizontal and one ring" river water system and "small bridge flowing water, white wall tiles, historic gardens" unique style. More than existing municipal cultural relics protection unit 487 in the city, including national 15, 101 at the provincial level. Well-preserved classical garden more than 60. In accordance with the ancient city of suzhou is located in the water, street built around the river, surface parallel; Construction by the water, before the lane back river, forming unique style and features of "small bridge, flowing water, somebody else". Set of buildings, landscapes, flowers and trees, carvings, calligraphy and painting is equal to the integration of the suzhou gardens, is the spirit treasure of human civilization, the humble administrators garden and lingering garden in Chinas four big gardens, and with the nets garden, surging wave pavilion, lion grove and the mountain villa with embracing, art field, coupling, the scientific garden 9 classical garden, such as, respectively, in December 97 and November 20xx by UNESCO "world heritage", ancient town of tongli town, zhouzhuang, Lu straight are reporting on world cultural heritage.

Under the spring breeze of reform and opening-up, the ancient suzhou is coruscate gives new vitality, established the "science and education encouraging city, outgoing driving, sustainable development" strategy, formed the export-oriented economy, the two advantages of township enterprises, cultivating the new economic growth point is given priority to with high and new technology, talent, industry, environment, etc. The new advantages have weakened.

Suzhou is becoming a new and high technology industries as the leading of the modern manufacturing base, technology innovation in the joint, all kinds of talent aggregation of industry base, high technology content, high extroverted degree and good economic benefit modern agriculture base, it is a combination of human landscape and natural landscape, ecological tourism vacation base with beautiful surroundings, suzhou in the 21st century will be "economic prosperity, science and education developed, rich life, a beautiful environment, civilization" the basic modernization of region.

Suzhou is located in the middle of the Yangtze river delta, south of jiangsu province. Shanghai in the east, zhejiang in the south, wuxi, a city surrounded by the north in accordance with the Yangtze river. The citys total area of 8488 square kilometers, jurisdiction, blue waves at pingkiang, gold Chang, huqiu, wuzhong, phase town, suzhou industrial park, suzhou new district, etc. 8 area and changshu, zhangjiagang, taicang, kunshan, wujiang five county-level cities, a total population of 5.78 million people. In rivers and lakes is numerous, the grand canal linking the north and south, hope YuHe, LouJiang, TaiPuHe connection, taihu lake, yangcheng lake and commercialisation of bearing, Mosaic dianshan lake.

Here four seasons, mild climate, abundant rainfall, fertile land, rich products. Agricultural products have produced rice, cotton, rapeseed, XiangJing meters, duck blood waxy and taicang white garlic; Specialty orange, loquat, BanSu, plum, osmanthus, camellia, "biluochun" tea; Taihu whitebait, water shield, pearls and yangcheng lake hairy crabs famous.

Suzhou is the birthplace of celebrities.of, literary production staff. Is known as the suzhou pingtan, kunqu opera, Su Ju culture "three flowers". More than 400 years history of kunqu opera, is the "mother of the Chinese opera; Pingtan is in suzhou dialect rap art, is in jiangsu, zhejiang and Shanghai has more than 300 years. Suzhou arts and crafts of the famous Chinese and foreign, with hunan, sichuan, cantonese embroidery embroidery is known as the "four famous embroidery" in our country; Lookup woodcut New Year pictures from green wood along with tianjin, he "south north Yang peach"; Suzhou k o-ssu, sculpture, {sung} brocade, jade and redwood carving crafts, each has his strong point, wonderful artical excelling nature.

Suzhou city in 20xx of $154.1 billion in gross national product (GNP), basic construction in modern manufacturing base of high and new technology industry as the leading factor; Closely joint production, study and research, technical innovation base of all kinds of talents gathered, High technology content, high extroverted degree and good economic benefit in modern agriculture base; It is a combination of human landscape and natural landscape, ecological tourism vacation base with beautiful surroundings, suzhou in the 21st century will be "economic prosperity, science and education developed, rich life, a beautiful environment, civilization" the modernization of the region.

香港东涌罗汉寺位于大屿山岛东涌附近石门甲村，建于1971年。该寺规模宏大，正殿为大雄宝殿，方三丈六尺，占地130平方米，内有巨型金身大佛像三尊。右殿为明心堂，左侧为客房，楼下功德堂，楼上藏经楼，后还有地藏王殿、五观堂和香积厨。侧面是罗汉洞，供奉十八罗汉。寺内还有天然山泉一口，味道甘美。

罗汉寺山门面对东涌港口，由红黄绿三种颜色所组成。山门额书“罗汉寺”，是当时住持觉光法师亲笔书写。而被誉为联圣的张剑芬老居士就为罗汉寺题了一副对联：“山挹遥青佛国恍如灵鹫影;门临清净天风微度海潮音。”进入山门，由石阶拾级而上，是天然大石一块，上刻“皆大欢喜”四字，两旁各植柏树一株。

罗汉寺目前为女人道场，现任住持演慈法师(比丘尼)，于1993年接任。罗汉寺平日为清修道场，全年法会的举办，包括新春祈福、供天及观音诞等数次。每逢周日在寺内举办念佛会及“佛法与生活自由谈”等-活动，参加人数达数十人。

建庙起源

寺内有李了因老居士对关：“岩尊罗汉岳峙双峰楼阁起华严佛日照临开福地;寺会善人塔成功德林泉修净业祥云垂护众龙天。”短短四十字，就道尽寺景、寺史、寺宗旨、寺因缘。罗汉寺的前身，原是一个岩洞。粤西的畅缘和尚，于1926年来港，就在这岩洞潜修，命名为“罗汉岩”。躬耕力田，作头陀苦行。20世纪60年代中，李耀庭居士、潘智开居士、周旭初居士、谢均如居士相约结伴到此，见此处群峰拱卫，地势雄伟。泉甘木茂，深幽清净，甚宜修学办道;于是发愿在此创建-道场。后来征得畅缘和尚同意，筹组罗汉寺董事会，购地辟山，至1974年全部竣工。礼请觉光法师出任住持。

相关景点

大雄宝殿

高三丈六尺，占地130平方英尺，巍峨壮观，远在对面的青山山腰、屯门，都会望到宝殿金碧辉煌的雄姿，屹立在凤凰山的半空中。殿内灯、花、幢、幡，罗列壮严。大雄宝殿的一对石狮，恬静而严肃的盘卧著，神圣而如意地守护这庄严的圣地。

大殿中央，供奉释迦、弥陀、药师三如来巨型金身大佛像，左右各悬钟鼓;佛像后是观音像。左侧供奉著韦陀菩萨，戎装英姿，手擎宝杵，是以一套中国式的盔甲装扮，显得神态威武。大殿右侧供奉伽蓝菩萨，单凤眼，卧蚕眉，五绺长须，挟提青龙刀，威风凛凛。大雄宝殿的右侧是明心堂，有李耀庭居士遗像;殿的左边是客堂;楼上是藏经楼，楼下是功德堂。客堂再过上方有一建筑物，为地藏王殿，内放置灵龛，李氏的骨灰正中。这位发心建寺人受到很大的尊重。大雄宝殿之下为五观堂和香积厨，是可容四十桌齐筵的大齐堂。

圣安多尼堂的导游词

圣安多尼旧堂的现址建于一五五八年，与今日的安多尼堂位置相同，且是澳门的第一间小教堂。

教堂的历史间略载于教堂大门侧的一块石碑上，内容是：“兴建于一六三八年，一八零九年被焚毁，一八一零年重建，一八七四年再次被焚毁，一八七五年重修”，而在这教堂前地还有一个刻上一六三六年的十字架，于一九三零年再次被焚毁，亦再次被修葺，但外墙及钟楼的工程却于一九四零年才进行，圣安多尼是葡国军队的军人，其官衔为“上尉”。www.DiYiFanWen.com第～范文网整理该文章，版权归原作者、原出处所有。

每年在庆祝圣安多尼节的当天，即六月十三日，都会举行由市政府主席主持有关军薪俸奉献给圣人的仪式，更举行圣像游行。

八仙山保护区的天然林具有原始森林的特点，分多层结构：第一层为高大乔木，第二层为矮乔木，第三层为杂生灌木，第四层为草本植物，第五层为苔藓、地衣、蘑菇，众多藤本植物穿插、攀缘其间，把五个层次和协、有机地联系在一起，形成中国北方罕见的典型、完整的暖温带落叶阔叶林森林生态系统。由于八仙山保护区的森林生态环境优越，不仅各种森林发育良好，长势繁茂，而且还生长有多种藤本植物，其中高大木质藤本植物就有猕猴桃、五味子、南蛇藤、野葡萄等16种之多。科学家把八仙山保护区誉为"天津的西双版纳"。

八仙山保护区地处从暖温带到温带，从太平洋到亚洲大陆，从华北平原到燕山山脉，从森林到草原的过渡地带。独特的地理位置，使这里成为多种植物的过渡区、汇集区、结合区。八仙山保护区的植物区系多，不仅有华北区系成分，还有热带、亚热带区系成分、东北区系成分、内蒙古草原区系成分、西伯利亚区系成分以及喜马拉雅区系成分;植物被类型多，一级类型有分布在750米以上的蒙古栎林，750米以下的落叶阔叶杂木林;二级类型有：白桦林、山杨林、椴树林、枫树林、鹅耳枥林、杜鹃林、油松林、核桃楸林、丁香林、山榆林、栾树林、栓皮栎林、辽东栎林、槲栎林、野山楂林、悬钩子林、胡枝子林、荆条林等;植物种类多，据初步调查八仙山保护区的植物有600余种，分属于156科、341属，其中列为国家重点保护的有黄檗、核桃楸、刺五加、五味子等14种。八仙山保护区是一个植物多样性的地区。

这里山高、坡陡、谷深、林密，气候适宜，食物充足，水源众多，为多种动物的生存、繁衍创造了得天独厚的生态环境。八仙山保护区茂密的森林里栖息、繁育着众多的野生动物。现已发现的有500多种，分属于34个目，136个科。有大型哺乳类、鸟类、爬行类、两栖类、鱼类及大量的昆虫类。其中属于国家一级保护动物3种、二级保护动物27种，列入《中国濒危动物红皮书》的脊椎动物22种。这些野生动物是八仙山保护区森林的"主人"，是森林生态系统的重要组成部分。由于它们的存在，给八仙山保护区增加了生机与活力，也给来八仙山保护区参观、考察者带来无穷的乐趣与美好的享受。

我国景点英文版导游词

下面几篇范文是我国的景点英文版导游词，感兴趣的不妨看看怎么写吧，欢迎阅读借鉴，希望你们喜欢。

北京故宫博物院英文导游词

hello, everyone,

we are now going to pay a visit to a place of special interest. this scenic spot is located at the center of beijing and is characterized by thousands of palatial architectures and purple walls as well as yellow glazed tile roofs- it is simply a sea of palaces. this is the world – famous wonder – the palace museum.

the palace museum has served as the royal residence during the ming and qing dynasties. it was here that a total of 24 monarchs ascended the throne and wielded power for some 500 years. the palace museum, as the most beautiful spot of interest throughout beijing, is unique for its location: to the northwest is beihai(north sea) park, famous for its white pagoda and rippling lake; to the west is the zhongnahai (central and south sea); to the east lies the the wangfujing shopping street; and to the north id jinshan park. standing in the wanchun (everlasting spring) pavilion at the top of jingshan(charcoal hill) park, you overlook the skyline of the palace museum. at the southern end of the palace is tian` anmen (gate of heavenly peace) and the famous square named after it . this is the symbol of the people` s republic of china.

a world-famous historical site, the palace museum is on the world heritage list of unesco and is an embodiment of oriental civilization.

the palace museum is rectangular in shape, 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meters wide from east to west, covering a space of 720,000 square meters of which 150,000 is building area . it has 9000-strong rooms in it . according to legend there are 9999.5 room-units in all .the whole compound is enclosed by a 10-meter-hign wall and is accessed through four entrances, namely, the meridian gate in the south ,the gate of military prowess in the north, donghua(eastern flowery ) gate in the north, donghua ( eastern flowery) gate in the east and xihua(western flowery ) gate in the west. on each corner there is a turret consisted of 9 roof beams, 18 pillars and 72 ridge . encircling the compound there is a 3,800-meter-long and 52 meter-wide moat, making the palace museum a self-defensive city-within-a city.

the palace museum was made a center of rule during the ming dynasty by zhun di, the fourth son of the founding emperor zhuyuanzhang. the whole complex straddles on an 8-kilometers-long central axis that stretches from yongding (forever stable) gate in the south to gulou (drum tower) in the north. prominence was given to the royal power by putting the “three main front halls” and “three back halls ”on the axis while arrange other subsidiary structure around them .the construction of the palace museum involved manpower and resources across china. for example, the bricks laid in the halls ,known as “gold brick, ” underwent complex, two –dozen processes. as the final touch ,the fired bricks were dipped in chinese wood oil. involving complicated processes and high cost, these brick are called “golden bricks.” the palace museum serves as a living embodiment of good tradition and styles unique to china` s ancient architecture. it reflects to the full the ingenuity and creativity of the chinese working people. a carefully preserved and complete group of royal residences, the palace museum is a prominent historical and tourist site.

what we are now approaching is the main entrance to the palace museum-the meridian gate, which is characterized by red walls, yellow glazed –tile roofs and upturned eaves. on top of this walls, yellow glazed-tile roofs and upturned eaves. on top of this magnificent building ,there stand five lofty halls with a main hall in the center. the main hall is roofed by multiple eaves and covers a space of 9 room-units. it is flanked by two wings on each side .the wings are square in shape ,complete with multiple and four edged eaves and pinnacles. all of these structures are connected by a colonnade. because these halls resemble a soaring bird, it was also know as wufenglou (five-phoenix tower) . inside the main hall there is a throne. drums and bells were stored in the wings. whenever the emperor presided over grand ceremonies or observed rites in the hall of upreme harmony, drums, bells and gongs would be struck to mark the occasion.

as the legend goes, the meridian gate used to be a place where condemned ranking officials would be executed. this not true. however, flogging was carried out here by the ming emperors ,if a courtier falls afoul of the emperor, he would be stripped of his court dress and flogging with a stick .at one point the punishment became so harsh that a total of 11 people died from fatal wound on a single occasion .on the other hand, this building was also used to observe important occasions like the traditional chinese lantern festival (15th day of the first lunar month). on these occasions, chinese lanterns would be hanged and sumptuous banquets would be given in honour of the whole court of ministers and other ranking officials.

upon entering the meridian gate we began our tour of the palace museum. the river foowing in front of us is known as jin shui he (golden water river) and the five marbles bridges spanning it are known as the inner golden water bridges. the on in the middle was used exclusive by the emperor and its banisters were carved with dragon and phoenix designs. the bridges flanking the imperial one were reserved for princes and other royal members. the rest were used by palatines. aside from decoration, the golden water river was also dug as precaution against fire. most of the structures within the palace museum are made of wood. what is more ,according to ancient chinese cosmology, the south is the abode of fire, so this brook was dug on the southern tip of the palace. in this way, the palace museum reflects traditional chinese culture.

this building is called the gate of supreme harmony .in the foreground stand two bronze lions. can anybody tell which is male and which is female? the one on the east playing with a ball is male, symbolizing power and universal unity. the other on the west with a cub cuddling underneath its claw is female? the one on the east playing with a ball is male, symbolizing power and universal unity. the other on the west with a cub cuddling underneath its claw is female, representing prosperity the endless succession. a layout of the palace museum is posted by the entrance . from it ,you can see that the palace museum has two main parts: the forecourt and the inner court. the three main halls constitute the mainstay of the forecourt, and it was here that the emperor announced decisions and observed rites. behind the forecourt there is the inner court, consisting of major halls and the imperial garden .it was where the emperor attended state affairs, lived and enjoyed his luxurious life. the exhibition system of the palace museum involves historical court relics and articles of ancient art and culture. the palace museum houses nearly one million articles of rare treasure, or one sixth of the total number in all of china `s museums. there are the three main halls of the palace museum, built on a triple marble terrace . since most of china `s architecture is made of wood, the buildings cannot be too tall. to gain the height of the architecture, ingenious ancient artisans built the hall on a gigantic stone terrace .it is also to this end that not a single plant was grown in the square. on stairways of triple marble terrace there are 18 bronze tripods .the verandah is flanked by bronze tortoises and cranes, which served as symbols of longevity .on the east is a sundial, an ancient timepiece. on the west there is a grain measure suggesting that the emperor was just and equitable.

in the front and on each flank ,there is a pair of gilt bronze vats (caldrons ) molded during the reign of emperor qianlong of the qing dynasty .each of these weights 2 tons and is filled with water as a precaution in the event of a fire .the structure in the very middle is the hall of supreme harmony ,also known as the throne hall. it is 64 meters in width and is 38 meters from entrance to rear. with terrace exclusive ,the hall is 26.92 meters in height and is 35.03 meters in all .covering and areaof 2,377 square meters, the hall of supreme harmony is china` s largest exiting wooden structure. the hall is supported by 6 thick ,round pillars carved in a design of coiling dragons. as the holiest place in the hall, the ceiling and colored patterns were made of the finest material available at that time. the throne was placed on a terrace and is flanked by statues of elephants, luduan (a unicorn which could travel 18,000 kilometers a day and understand all languages), cranes and incense barrels .over the throne there is the caisson ,or covered ceiling ,which consists of a coiling dragon playing with a ball in its mouth .this ball is known as xuanyuan mirror ,and was supposedly made by a chinese emperor of remote times to serve as a reminder that thee rulers to follow were his hereditary heirs. the throne is made of nanmu and painted in gold .magnificently built and luxuriously decorated ,this hall did not serve as a place in which the emperor attended to daily affairs. he used his hall for major events such as his birthday, conferral of title of empress or dispatch of generals to war.

behind the hall of supreme harmony ,there sits the hall of complete harmony. this structure is square in shape .each side is 24.15 meters. this was the place where the emperor relaxed and greeted his courtiers before proceeding to the hall of supreme harmony to observe rites. this was also the place where the emperor prepared prayers or examined seeds and sowers bef ore he attended ancestral sacrifices or participated in snowing ceremonies. a grand ceremony was also held here once every 10 years for the emperor to genealogize the royal blood. there are two sedan chairs on display in the hall. behind the hall of complete harmony ,you will see the hall of preserving harmony, which was used as a place where imperial examinations were held. the imperial examination was the hignest level of competing for meritorious appointment under the feudal system dating back to the sui dynasty. china` s last imperial examination was held in 1904 during the reign of emperor guangxu of the qing dynasty. to the rear of hall there is a marble ramp carved with cloud and dragon designs, the largest of its kind in the whole country . it is 16.57 meters in length, 3.07 meters in width, 1.7 meters thick and weighs 250 tons. it was quarried in fangshan county in suburban beijing. to bring this giant piece of stone to beijing people poured water onto the road and applied rolling blocks during the process.

we are now standing before the square of the hall of heaven purity. it served as a divide separating the forecourt from the inner court .this building is known as the gate of heavenly purity. emperor qianlong held court here. proceeding further north ,you can find three main rear halls ,i.e. the hall of heavenly purity. the hall of union and peace and palace of earthly tranquility. the hall of heavenly purity if flanked on either side by two gates named after the sun and moon .inside the enclosure there are 12 palaces and halls symbolizing constellations. all of the other buildings are centered around the palace of heavenly purity , which was meant to suggest that the monarch` s power was endowed by heaven. the empress and concubines lived in the inner court.

the hall of heavenly purity was where the emperor lived and attended to daily affairs. later the emperor moved to live in the palace of mental cultivation. looking up you can see a plaque bearing the chinese inscription “be open and above-board,” a manifesto to court struggle .behind the plaque a strongbox was stored containing a will bearing the name of the would –be royal successor. this approach of secretly selecting the next emperor was adopted by emperor yongzheng of the qing dynasty. two copies of the will were prepared .one was stashed by the emperor in person ,the other was placed inside the strong box behind the plaque. after the death of the emperor, the two copies would be compared and successor would be announced. it was in this way that emperor qianglong and others have ascended the throne.

behind the hall of heavenly purity you will see the hall of union and peace , which is indentical to the hall of complete harmony. it was there that the emperor received congratulations and tributes from imperial officials on major calender occasions , a total of 25 imperial seals are stored there. in the hall, you will see a plaque with the handwritten inscription of “we wei,” exhorting taoist doctrines.

further northward is the palace of earthly tranquillity, which once served as the living room of the empresses` . the hall was later converted into a sacrificial place .through the windowpanes on the eastern wall you can see the royal bed decorated with dragon and phoenix designs. this hall has also served as the bridal chamber of monarchs.

the gate of earthly tranquilliity leads to the imperial garden (known to westerners as qianlong` s garden ),which was used by the emperor ,the empress, and the concubines. a magnificent structure stands in the middle. it is called the qin `s an (imperial peace) hall. it is the only building in the palace museum that was built in taoist style. it served as a shrine to the taoist deity. the garden covers a space of 12,000 square meters ,and is 130 meters from east to the west and some 90 meters from north to the south. there are a dozen halls, verandahs, pavilions and waterside houses in the garden . on each of the fur corner there is a pavilion dedicated to the four seasons which is different in construction style and shape. the garden also features an imperial landscape. with rare trees and exotic rockery, the imperial garden served as a model for china` s imperial parks .in all ,a total of 10-strong building styles were applied.

the tall building we are now passing is the gate of military prowess, the back door of the palace museum. our visit is now drawing to a conclusion but the architectures of the palace are not . on the other side of the road is the 43-meter-hign charcoal hill , providing natural protection for the forbidden city. this was also an embodiment of china` s construction style-putting a pool in the front and a hill in the rear. now let` s climb up to wanchun (everlasting springs ) pavillion where we` ll have a great view of the palace museum.

北京天安门英文导游词

Tian’anmen( the Gate of Heavenly Peace), is located in the center of Beijing. It was first built in 1417 and named Chengtianmen( the Gate of Heavenly Succession). At the end of the Ming Dynasty, it was seriously damaged by war. When it was rebuilt under the Qing in 1651, it was renamed Tian’anmen, and served as the main entrance to the Imperial City, the administrative and residential quarters for court officials and retainers. The southern sections of the Imperial City wall still stand on both sides of the Gate. The tower at the top of the gate is nine-room wide and five –room deep. According to the Book of Changes, the two numbers nine and five, when combined, symbolize the supreme status of a sovereign.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Tian’anmen was the place where state ceremonies took place. The most important one of them was the issuing of imperial edicts, which followed these steps:

1) The Minister of Rites would receive the edict in Taihedian( Hall of Supreme Harmony), where the Emperor was holding his court. The minister would then carry the decree on a yunpan( tray of cloud), and withdraw from the hall via Taihemen( Gate of supreme Harmony)

2) The Minister would put the tray in a miniature longting( dragon pavilion). Beneath a yellow umbrella and carry it via Wumen( Meridian Gate), to Tian’anmen Gate tower.

3) A courtier would be invested to proclaim the edict. The civil and military officials lining both sides of the gateway beneath the tower would prostrate themselves in the direction of the emperor in waiting for the decree to the proclaimed.

4) The courtier would then put the edict in a phoenix-shaped wooden box and lower it from the tower by means of a silk cord. The document would finally be carried in a similar tray of cloud under a yellow umbrella to the Ministry of Rites.

5) The edict, copied on yellow paper, would be made known to the whole country.

Such a process was historically recorded as “ Imperial Edict Issued by Golden Phoenix”.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties Tian’anmen was the most important passage. It was this gate that the Emperor and his retinue would go through on their way to the altars for ritual and religious activities.

On the Westside of Tian’anmen stands ZhongshanPark( Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s Park), and on the east side, the Working People’s Cultural Palave. The Park was formerly called Shejitan( Altar of Land and Grain), built in 1420 for offering sacrificial items to the God of Land. It was opened to the public as a park in 1914 and its name was changed in 1928 to the present one in memory of the great pioneer of the Chinese Democratic Revolution.

The Working People’s Cultural Palace used to be Taimiao( the Supreme Ancestral Temple), where tablets of the deceased dynastic rulers were kept.

The stream in front of Tian’anmen is called Waijinshuihe( Outer Golden River),with seven marble bridges spanning over it . Of these seven bridges,historical records say the middle one was for the exclusive use of the emperor and was accordingly called Yuluqiao( Imperial Bridge). The bridges flanking it on either side were meant for the members of the royal family and were therefore called Wanggongqiao( Royal’s Bridges). Farther away on each side of the two were bridges for officials ranking above the third order and were named Pinjiqiao( ministerial Bridges). The remaining two bridges were for the use by the retinue below the third order and wre called Gongshengqiao( common Bridges). They anr the one in front of the Supreme Ancestral Temple to the east and the one in front of the Altar of land and Grain to the west.

The two stone lions by the Gate of Tian’anmen, one on each side were meant as sentries. They gaze toward the middle axis, guarding the emperor’s walkway. In front of the gate stands a pair of marble columns called Huabiao. They are elaborately cut in bas-relief following the pattern of a legendary dragon. Behind the gate stands another pair of similar columns. The story of Huabiao may be traced to a couple of sources. One of the versions accredits its invention to one of the Chinese sage kings named Yao, who was said to have set up a wooden pillar in order to allow the ordinary people to expose evil-doers, hence it was originally called a slander pillar. Later it ws reduced to a signpost, and now it serves as an ornament.

The beast sitting on the top of the column is called” hou”, a legendary animal, which is said to have been a watcher of an emperor’s behaviour. He was doing such duties as warning the emperor against staying too long outside the palace or indulging in pleasure and urging him to go to the people for their complaints or return in due time. Therefore, the two pairs of beasts were given the names” Wangjunhui”( Expecting the emperor’s coming back) and “ wangjunchu”( Expecting the emperor’s going out) respectinvely.

In the old days, Tian’anmen, as a part of the Imperial City, was meant for important occasions. The two rows of chaofang( antechamber), on the sides behind the main gate, wre reserved for civil and military members of the government waiting for imperial audience and in front of the gate, were offices of imperial administration.

On October 1, 1949, chairman Mao Zedong proclaimed on Tian’anmen Rostrum the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Since then Tian’anmen has been the symbol of New Chinea. Chairman Mao’s portrait is hung above the central entrance, flanked by two slogans:” Long Live the Great Unity of the Peoples of the World”. Today , the splendour of Tian’anmen attracts million of visitors from all over the world. The Rostrum on its top was opened in 1988 to the public for the first time in its history. It offers a panoramic view of the Square and the city proper.

Tian’anmen Square

Situated due south of Tian’anmen, the Square has an area of 44 hectares( 109 acres) that can accommodate as many as one million people for public gatherings. It has witnessed may historical events in China’s modern history and is a place for celebrations on such festive days as international Labour Day on May 1st and national Day on October 1st.

Around the Square are several famous buildings:

1 The Great Hall of the People

This is one of the largest congressional buildings in the world. Built in 1959, the hall consists of three parts: a 10,000-seat auditorium in the center, a banquet hall in the north wing facing Chang’an Street, with a seating capacity of 5,000, and offices for the Standing Committee of the National Peoples’ Congress of China in the south. In addition, thirty-four reception chambers are named after various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly unde the Central Government, plus Hong Kong and Macao. Each is different from the other in decoration and furnishings to stress their local features.

2 The Museum of Chinese History and the Museum of the Chinese Revolution

These two museums were also built in 1959. the museum of Chinese History houses a permanent exhibition in four parts, covering the entire process of Chinese history spanning from 1.7 million years ago to 1919:

1) The Primitive Society( 1.7 million years ago to the 21st century BC);

2) The Slave Society(21st century BC to 476 BC.);

3) The Feudal Society(475 BC. To 1840 AD.);

4) The Semi-Colonial and Semi- Fedual Society(1840 to 1919.)

The Museum of the Chinese Revolution covers the period from 1919 to 1949.

3 The Monument to the People’s Heroes

the monument was built in memory of thousands of martyrs who died for the revolutionary cause of the Chinese people. Its construction began on August 1, 1952 and was not completed until 1958. in the form of an obelisk, the Monument as made of more than 17,000 pieces of tranite and white marble. The purple piece inlaid in the front of the Monument was brought from Qingdao, Shandong Province. It is 38 meters(124ft 8 in) high, the loftiest of its kind ever seen in the country. Not only is it an historic memorial for immortal heroes, but also it is an artistic work of excellent architectural value.

On the front side of the Monument is an engraved inscription in Chinese characters written by Chairman Mao Zedong, which reads” Eternal Glory to the People’s Heroes!”. On the back of the Monument is an article written by Chairman Mao, but in Chinese calligraphy by the late Premier Zhou Enlai.

At the top of the Monument are eight gigantic carved wreathes of such flowers as peony, lotus and chrysanthemum, symbolizing nobility, purity, and fortitude. At the base of the monument are eight marble reliefs depicting the Chinese historic events since 1840. They are:

1) The Burning of Opium in 1840:

2) The uprising of 1851 in Jintian, Guangxi;

3) The Revolution of 1911;

4) The May Fourth Movement of 1919;

5) The May 30th Movement of 1925;

6) The Uprising of 1927 in Nanchang, Jiangxi;

7) The War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression from 1937 to 1945;

8) The Victorious Crossing over the Yangtze River by the Peoples’s Liberation Army in 1949. This relief is flanked by two smaller ones—“ Supplying the Front” and “ Greeting the P.L.A.”.

4 Chairman Mao’s Mausoleum

Chairman Mao Zedong, the founder of the People’s Pepublic of China, passed away on Sepember 9, 1976. In commemoration of this great man, a mausoleum began to be constructed in November 1976, and was completes in August the following year. The Mausoleum was officially opened on September 9, 1977.

The mausoleum is surrounded by four groups of sculpture. East of the northern entrance is the sculpture depicting the period of the New Democratic Revolution( 1919-1949), and west of it is the one signifying the great achievements of the Chinese people during the period of slcialist revolution and construction since 1949. The sculptures in front of the southern gate are figures of workers, peasants soldiers, intellectuals, technicians and children.

Inside the Mausoleum are three main sections: A white marble statue of Chairman Mao is mounted on a platform in the front lobby. On the wall behind the statue is a 24-metre-long( 79-foot-long) tapestry, a fine needlepoint work with beautiful landscapes of the country.

In the main hall there is a crystal coffin, in which Chairman Mao’s body lies stately with the Communist Party’s flag covering over him.

On the wall of the southern lobby, a poem by Chairman Mao and in his own calligraphy is inscribed in gold inlay. It expresses his full great expectations for the country.

Tian’ anmen Square has now completed its renovation after eight months’ hard work to welcome the 50th anniversary of the People’s Republic in 1999.

河源苏家围英文导游词

The Sujiawei Hakka Village Tourism Zone is a must for tourists who are interested in the Hakka culture and customs.

Bordering Dongjiang River in the north and Jiushe River in the south, the village is located in the Heshui Township, 26km away from the city of Heyuan.

Today the village is described as a “picturesque village in south china”, featuring old trees and houses, wild lands, bamboos and fresh air. Also it has a profound cultural history and is said to be the habitat of descendants of Su Shi, who also known as Su Dongpo, a famous Chinese literate in Northern Song Dynasty. Hence All people living in the village now are surnamed “Su”.

It also provides some performances for travelers to get a better known of Hakka culture such as their wedding customs. You can take part in the producing lines of making bean curd, wine or oil; or enjoy yourself in activities like fishing, swimming and boating.

The first spot we encounter is the Yingqing Bridge, where has a panoramic view of Sujiawei. The bridge is a place to welcome all families, relatives and friends.

Here is purple perilla park. The purple perilla can be used as medicine to cure cold, or purple dye or cooking. The origin of this park is as follows: one day one of Su Shi’s offspring passed by this place, he dreamed five old men pointed a big tree and told him it is perilla tree. When he woke up, he found this place is full of perilla, and the environment is quite beautiful, so he thought the old men would like he move the Su clan here. So after he came back, he always mentioned this dream to his late generations. To fulfill his this dream, over 700 years ago, the Su clan moved here and Sujiawei started its story.

From this purple perilla park to Pool lips estate, is gallery of Hakka villages gender culture, which shows the Hakka people’s moral ideas and customs, they think everything has two opposite extremes like negative and positive. In Hakka dialect, have a boy baby is named “tian deng”, the same pronunciation as “add a lantern”. So in Chinese lantern festival, any family which has a new boy baby will hang a big lantern in their ancestors’ shrine.

Later we will visit Sugong Shrine Yongsi Hall, Guanghua hall, Su school and Yi Jiang temple. You may find the Hakka architecture is well preserved here. These ancient buildings are square flat houses with dark blue bricks and roof tiles that belong to the style of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The oldest house, Yongsi Hall, was built in 1481 in memory of Su Dongshan, the eighth-generation descendant of Su Dongpo and as a place for the villagers to worship their ancestors and discuss important affairs.

Now we walk along the Dongjiang river and enjoy the Hakka folk music. At the riverside you see bamboo everywhere. Su Dongpo loved bamboo, he once said “I can eat without meat, but I can not live without bamboo. No meat to eat only makes me thin; but live without bamboo makes me vulgar”!

Walking so long time, are you a bit tired and thirsty? Let’s go to Her Workshops to taste Hakka traditional snacks and tea. There are tea leaf, sesame, peanut, red jujube and longan in the tea. Do you taste them?

Ok, after a break, we go to experience traditional Hakka wedding performance. If you are lucky to be chosen and act as the bridegroom, you will be invited to the stage and join their show.

The village also preserves many slogans printed on the walls during 1950s to 1970s, which are silent witnesses to Chinese modern history.

Do you see the big bamboo hats holding by bamboo sticks in line? It is farm four seasons gallery. On the bamboo hats marked farming planting and harvesting dates and festivals.

Finally we have 15-minutes free activity in the countryside vegetable fields. You may like farmers to pick fruits, vegetables you like in the fields.

下午，我们游了横店广州街、香港街景区。

横店广州街、香港街位于横店镇的北部，东临明清宫苑。

1996年为配合谢晋导演拍摄历史巨片《鸦片战争》，横店集团兴建了广州街景区，这也是横店最早的影视拍摄基地，横店抓住了这个历史机遇，由此开端，渐渐发展，横店镇成为了真正的影视城，也使得横店这样一个小镇发展成为了江南名镇，20xx年它的游客已突破500万人次，目前它的旅游年收入已经高达六、七十亿元。在旅游方面，中国有许多省会城市还比不过它。

香港街是1998年扩建的，广州街、香港街连接在一起，还原了一个上世纪四十年代广州、香港的街市风情。广州街有十九世纪羊城街景，还有复制而成的珠江及“十三夷馆”和“天字码头”。香港街有皇后大道、总督府、维多利亚兵营、汇丰银行、上海公馆、和翰园等十九世纪香港中心城区的众多街景。目前不但成为影视拍摄基地，更是广大游客怀古思今、玩赏游乐的好去处。

我们到时，正值天降暴雨(也即是绍兴被暴雨所淹，差一点沉没的那天)，进入景区里面，第一眼看到的即是“三元里”，不由得使人联想到三元里人民抗击英军侵略的那天也是暴雨如注，此情此景，触景生情。侵略者不但得到了中国人民的反抗，也得到了老天的惩罚。大雨使侵略者的洋枪因雨水淋湿而无法开火，而三元里人民的锄头铁靶却发挥了作用，这是一种怎样的可歌可泣的行动啊!在反抗帝国主义入侵的历史中，腐败的满清政府的军队从未打过一个这个辉煌的胜仗，而三元里的农民却做到了，这对当局者真是一个极大的讽刺。

该景区也有如“大话飞鸿”、“怒海争锋”等演出节目，我们看的是“怒海争锋”的演出，这个节目的故事是这样的：虎门关外的海盗船停在海中，向广州城倾销鸦片，中国海警与海盗进行激战，最后击毁了海盗船，捕获了海盗。在岸边的观众是人山人海，演出非常热闹，也很精彩，在暴雨中观看这样的演出，也真是别有一番风味，有不少人都淋湿了，也都浑然不觉。

演出结束后，我们就先从香港街看起，然后转入广州街，两条街两种截然不同的建筑风格，一边是欧美风格的林立的洋楼，一边是中国古式古香的雕栏画栋建筑;一边马路是水泥地面的，一边马路却是用卵石铺成的。两条街分明是两个世界。我们不说两条街的建筑的高下，因为建筑风格不同，高下是难分的。但有一点能看出当时中国人愚昧落后的地方，这就是广州街中烟馆林立，有钱人都以吸鸦片、逛妓院为荣。当时的中国，高层腐败无能，民众愚昧落后，贫富差距极大，人民生活困苦，内忧严重;而帝国主义却对中国虎视眈眈，妄图灭亡中国，使之成为他们新的殖民地，外患更甚。鸦片战争失败后，中国有识之士开始走一条富国强兵之路，甲午战争前，中国海军已号称亚洲第一，这跟目前的现状是何等的相似!甲午战败，根源还在于高层的腐败无能。

历史是一面镜子，马善被骑，国弱被欺。当前，我们只有富国强兵是远远不够的，我们更需要建立民主、自由、均贫富、等贵贱的社会，这样才会没有内忧。没有了内忧，才有精力来解决外患。只有这样，国家才会真正强大，民族才会真正兴盛，才会真正自立于世界民族之林。

们看城墙上两边各有一道短堵，叫女儿墙，为什么叫女儿墙呢?宋代官府编写的《营造法式》上有个书面解释：“言其卑小。比之于城，若女子与丈夫也。”意思是说城墙高大厚实，保伟丈夫;女墙单薄短小，像弱女子。民间有的地方却流传着这样的故事：早先城上并没有女儿墙，有一次一个老人被拉来做工，和他相依为命的小孙女也天天随他来到城上.坐在旁边观看。一天，一位累极了的民工昏昏沉沉中竞走到城墙边上，小女孩伯他掉下城去，用力向里推他，不料用力过大，民工虽得救了，小女孩却摔死了。为了纪念她，工匠们在城上修起了矮墙，并把它叫做女儿墙。这实在是个感人的故事，但确实说明了女儿墙的保护性功能。我们看：两边的女儿场并不一样，向外的女儿墙上还修筑了垛口，垛口还留着供臆望和射击使用的小孔.这当然是为了实战的需要。

大家都注意到了，城墙每闲一段，就有一个向外突出的部分，这叫做墩台.墩台是干什么的呢7它是保卫城墙的。我们知道.古代攻守城他的主要武器是弓箭和弯机，上面既可射下去，下面也可射上来，因此守城的士兵轻易不敢探出身去。这样，城墙脚下反丽成丁防御的死角。有了墩台.就可以弥补这个不足、从三面组成一个强大的立体射击网，城防力量大大加强。在每个塌台上，还修有一座敌楼，上面有孔，也是为观察和射击用的。

大家好!欢迎你们到绍兴游玩。我是快乐旅行社的导游，我姓陈，大家可以叫我陈导。今天，我将带领大家参观绍兴鲁迅故里。

现在我们来到的是鲁迅先生的出生地——鲁迅故居。鲁迅故居位于都昌坊口周家新台门西首。它是保存比较完好的清代建筑之一。

沿着长廊，向后走去，令人豁然开朗，你会看到一个很大的院子，那就是鲁迅小时候玩耍的地方——百草园。百草园其实是一个普通的菜园，虽然那里没有奇花异草，但是它是鲁迅童年的乐园。大家看，这是一口小井，鲁迅小时候经常和同学们在小井上跳上跳下。在冬天下雪时，他经常来这里捕鸟……

从鲁迅故居出来，东行数百步，往南走过一座石板桥，从一扇黑漆竹丝门进去，就到了鲁迅少年时代读书的地方——三味书屋。三味书屋是晚清绍兴府城内著名私塾，鲁迅12岁开始到这儿读书，五年多的学习生涯，使他受益匪浅，积累了丰富的文化知识，为日后从事文学创作打下了非常坚实的基础。鲁迅的座位在书房的东北角，这张硬木书桌是鲁迅使用过的原物，桌面右边有一个鲁迅亲手刻下的“早”字。一次鲁迅上课迟到，受到先生的严厉责备，他就在自己课桌的右边桌沿上刻了这个“早”字，时时提醒自己，此后就再也没有迟到过……

亲爱的游客们，由于时间关系。鲁迅故里的参观到此就结束了，希望通过这次旅游，你们能够喜欢上绍兴，欢迎大家以后带着自己的家人朋友再来游玩!

好了，过了“三潭”，我们这就到了石门庙。石门庙是三潭之上所有庙院的总称。其含有关帝、龙王、灵宫、王母洞等。它规模宏伟，密集紧凑的有朝阳宫、太平宫、三仙宫、合称石门三宫。创建于宋，最盛时期三宫为入进院落，院院相通，有房屋130余间。三宫中朝阳宫最大，大殿敬奉王母娘娘，配殿供奉十一神像。相传朝阳宫很有灵气，因此每日香客络绎不绝，每年二月，十月都要在此举行一个月的盛大庙会，商贾云集，热闹非凡，香火集盛。抗日时期，八路军武工队在此活动，日伪军曾多次进攻这里，屡攻屡败，日伪军认为这是神灵在保佑我军，于是便火烧三宫，整整烧了七天七夜，所有建筑化为灰烬，然而敌军还是未能取胜。

依依不舍地离开了“石门庙”，转眼间，我们已不知不觉地到了“壮士崖”。壮士崖位于三潭西岸。大家向东望，那不就是刚刚我们参观的“三潭”了!大家现在可以验证“壮士崖位于三潭西岸”这句话的事实了!1948年6月，太行军区48团与国民党反动派在此激战，消灭敌军400多人。为掩护主力撤退转移，8名战士奉命留下阻击，在弹尽路绝的情况下，他们坚贞不屈，英勇跳崖，除一人被树丛拦截而幸存外，其他人皆壮烈牺牲，它是坚贞勇敢历史的记录，因此之后被列为市(县)级重点文物保护单位。政府们为了纪念那些烈士们，在1994年8月1日，又在此建“英烈亭”。《平原游击队》中李向阳的原型，曾获太行英雄称号，曾任北疆军区司令员的辉县籍郭兴同志，亲手书写“勇士屹立太行头，浴血奋战杀敌寇，粮尽弹绝无退路，一跃黑潭写春秋。”一诗立碑，以示纪念。

天下第一湾亚龙湾位于中国最南端的热带滨海旅游城市--三亚市东南28公里处，是海南最南端的一个半月形海湾，全长约7.5公里，是海南名景之一。亚龙湾中心广场、贝壳馆、蝴蝶谷联票价格为46元。亚龙湾沙滩沙粒洁白细软，海水澄澈晶莹，而且蔚蓝。能见度7-9米。海底世界资源丰富，有珊瑚礁、各种热带鱼、名贵贝类等。年平均气温25.5°C，海水温度22-25.1°C，终年可游泳。

亚龙湾集中了现代旅游五大要素：海洋、沙滩、阳光、绿色、新鲜空气于一体，适宜四季游泳和开展各类海上运动。这里海湾面积达66平方公里，可同时容纳十万人嬉水畅游，数千只游艇游弋追逐。这里的海水清澈见底，可以清晰地看见10米以下的海底景观。这里8公里长的海滩宽阔平缓，沙粒洁白细腻，自然资源国内绝无仅有，可与国际上任何著名的热带滨海旅游度假胜地相媲美。

与开发最早的大东海和三亚湾相比，亚龙湾亚龙湾的沙子是珊瑚和贝壳风化后形成的沙滩，平缓宽阔，洁白细软，是三亚海湾中沙质最优越的。亚龙湾又被称为“东方夏威夷”，可他的海滩长度约是美国夏威夷的3倍。

亚龙湾享有“天下第一湾”的美誉。被《国家地理杂志》评为“中国最美八大湾之一”，同时也是各高档度假酒店的聚集地。

亚龙湾除了最佳海水浴场外，还有奇石、怪滩、田园风光，构成了各具特色的风景。锦母角、亚龙角激浪拍崖，怪石嶙峋，是攀崖探险活动的良好场所。湾内共有5个岛屿，海面上以野猪岛为中心，南有东洲岛、西洲岛，西有东排、西排，可开展多种水上运动。

度假区内以亚龙湾中心广场为中心点，建有亚龙湾蝴蝶谷和亚龙湾贝壳馆供游人游览。南边码头也巨石嶙峋，形状奇特，有摇摇欲坠的“天涯飞来石”，栩栩如生的“蛇口”，巧夺天工的“狼口”。

亚龙湾内各类豪华别墅、会议中心、度假村云集，还建有海底观光世界、海上运动中心、高尔夫球场、游艇俱乐部等国际一流配套设施。

火烧是山西省孝义县具有特殊风味的一种饼类小吃、孝义火烧有咸火烧、糖火烧、菜火烧之分。咸火烧是内包咸盐和茴香，上鏊烙烤。食时，若佐以葱花、大蒜、醋、酱油、盐、味精，更是美味可口。

糖火烧的制作将老酵、碱面和凉水一起放入盆内搅成稀糊，再倒入面粉和成团、面和好后，以手蘸凉水反复搓揉，直到面团光润时，盖上湿布饧三十分钟。同时把红糖、芝麻酱、桂花搅拌调成糖酱。然后把面团放在抹了油的案板上，搓成长条、切块、摁扁，再横着擀成五寸长、三寸宽的厚片，然后，左手(拇指在上，其它四指在下)拿着厚片的左端将面提起，再反腕向案板右方一甩(甩时劲头要匀，动作要利落)，“啪”地一声横落案板上成为尺把长的面片。上面抹匀糖酱，用左手托起面片左端轻轻向外伸长，同时右手把面片由右向左卷成卷，搓匀后揪成面剂，捏成桃形，收口朝上摁成圆饼。按此法将其余面块全部做完。铁鏊在微火上烧热，徐抹麻油，火烧饼坯放鏊上烙烤，烤约五分钟，再翻过来烙正面(两面约烤十分钟左右)。随后放在烤炉中，用微火烤成酱黄色即可。

菜火烧有荤素之分。荤火烧猪肉或羊肉剁成肉沫，配以萝卜白菜，再加花椒、盐、姜沫、味精、葱，搅拌成馅。素火烧纯蔬菜绡拌调料。面用温水和起，放入苏打，揉均匀，盖上湿布饧30分钟。在案板上铺撒面粉，将饧好的面团放在上面，搓成圆条，揪成面剂，并摁成圆皮，包馅，揪去收口处的面头，再摁成圆饼，上鏊烙烤。

火烧的做法不一样，口味各不相同，但是共同的特点是它绵软不粘，香鲜可口，层次均匀，质地酥脆，宜于热吃。

孝义火烧据说与“火烧中阳楼”有关。孝义旧城中央，有一永安市场，市中心有一座宏伟高大、壮观绚丽的古楼——中阳楼。此楼相传建自汉魏，自汉唐设郡以后，孝义为一方重镇，车骑缤纷，商贾弥至，往来郡城者，多道出其间。凡事至邑者，必身临其境，瞻仰其楼，而后赞之：真乃高矣!如此数代相传，颇有名声。而孝义人也常以其傲之。逢人便说：“俺孝义的中阳楼，半个还在天上头!”此话确有欺天之意，久之惹恼上帝，遂派火神下界烬之。

清朝顺治辛卯年四月十五日，永安市场大会，中阳楼下的四条大街，商铺错落，车水马龙，人山人海，热闹异常。小吃摊上人们品尝着各种风味小吃。

中午时辰，街市正红火。中阳楼下又增添了一位头发斑白、衣衫褴楼的卖火烧老翁。老翁眉头紧锁，似有忧闷之情。他一面制作火烧，一面高声反复叫卖;“世人快来买火烧，吞掉火烧，火就不烧”老翁奇特的叫卖声，引来众人围观。一个年青的后生问老翁：“多少钱一个?”翁答：“百两黄金，千两白银”。“小小火烧，这般昂贵，怪事!”围观的人们议论纷纷，深感怪异，百思不解。老翁愤激地说：“嫌我的火烧小，那你们等大火烧吧!”说罢，老翁收摊而去。中午刚过，中阳楼突然起火，不到一刻，便成瓦砾一堆。

事后，人们把中阳楼火灾与卖火烧老翁的出现联在一起，以为是神的点化。于是，城里人普吃火烧，认为不吃火烧，火即烧房燃屋，随着乡里人也照做。此后，火烧便成了邑人的食俗。至今，汾孝一带过年都吃火烧，多在大年除夕夜食，谓之“翻身火烧”。

黄山英文导游词

good afternoon! ladies and gentlemen! today, with such great joy, on behalf of anhui travel agency. i’d like to extend our warm welcome to all of you, our distinguished guest from the other side of the pacific. please allow me to introduce myself. my name is li xin and i work for anhui travel agency .during your short stay in huangshan, i’ll be your local guide. it’s my honor to be of your service. if you have any request, go ahead! i’ll try my best to help you and make your stay comfortable!

now, i want to say something about your itinerary. you will be here for about 3 days. during these days, you’ll enjoy not only the beautiful scenery of huangshan mountain, but also the ancient huizhou-culture!

first, we’ll visit the most beautiful scenery—mt.huangshan.

ok, we’re heading for the main gate of huangshan. it’s about 1.5 hour’s bus ride. on the way you can enjoy the beautiful scenery and i’d like to give you a brief introduction about mt.huangshan.

huangshan is probably the most notable mountain in china. it’s located in the south of anhui province, and the main scenic area covers 154 square kilometers. mt.huangshan is well-known not only of its magnificence but also its abundant resources and great variety of zoological species, for which it has been listed as a world natural and cultural heritage site in 1990, and also listed as a world geological garden in , which is unique in china!

in ancient times, mt.huangshan known as mt.yishan because the mountain is formed by granite which looks black and grey, and yi in old chinese means “black”, hence the name. but it renamed mt.huangshan in 747 ad in recognition of the legendary huangdi, who was the reputed ancestor of the chinese people and who made magic pills for immortality here.

wu yue is the collective name given to china’s most important mountains which we can also call them the five holy mountains. it’s said that you won’t want to visit any other mountains after seeing the five holy mountains but you won’t wish to see even the five holy mountains after returning from mt.huangshan. this saying which said by xuxiake, a famous traveler over 400 years ago may give us some idea of the beauty and uniqueness of mt.huangshan.

now, after my introduction, are you expecting to feel the graceful bearing! be patient! there’s only half an hour before we arriving. let’s continue.

within so large area, there is a crowd of peaks, 72 of which have names indicating the shapes they resemble. lotus, brightness top and celestial capital are the three major ones, all rising above 1,800 meters above sea level. and it’s well-known for its four wonders, ( i think some of you know some about it, who knows?) yeah, they are the oddly-shaped pine trees., fantastic rocks, sea of clouds and hot springs. now, people also add to the winter snow as the fifth wonder. here i will not introduce one by one and soon you’ll enjoy with your own eyes. mt.huangshan changes its color and appearance with the alternation of seasons, now it’s winter, and we will keep ourselves into a crystal world of frost and ice with sliver boughs and rocks everywhere. don’t be excited, everybody! as a matter of fact there are marvels almost everywhere, especially in the following scenic areas. hot spring, jade screen tower, west sea, north sea, cloud valley temple and pine valley nunnery.

eyes front! ladies and gentlemen, the colorful archway across the street is the main gate of huangshan. we’ll go directly to the north sea scenic area, which is the most important scenic area! so never miss it!

ok, here we are, seeing is believing, let’s get off the bus and bring your camera.

the first sight that comes to us is yungu temple, here we’ll take yungu cable-car to white goose bridge. it’s about ten minutes. oh, come on, then follow me, walk downstairs to start-to-believe peak. along the way we can see several famous huangshan pines: black tiger pine, couple pine, dragon’s claw pine and so on. now, before we climb to the top of peak start-to-believe, for a breathtaking outlook, that is bamboo-shoot peak. do you see? you surely can take a picture.

en, next destination after start-to-believe is peak lion, let’s go! it’s shaped like a sleeping lion from a point of view in north sea hotel. ok, here is dawn-light pavilion, you can see a group of interesting rocks: you see two in the middle resembling two celestials playing chess, on the left is a man in packback, and on the right is a onlooker—a chinese ancient official who watch play. you can see carefully and do you think so? then we’ll reach a refreshing terrace, and you can view a fan—shaped pine cling to the cliff beneath the terrace a nice crowd of pines, a column of stone looking like a person with a big pen, peak rooster and peak rise surrounding you.

arriving at the destination—on the top of lion peak, you can see a rock like a monkey on the flat top of another hill. it’s a very famous rock: a monkey gazing at the sea when there is a sea of clouds.

i expect that after such a long visit you’d like a good rest, and here are the optimum places to see the sunrise. so now we can go back to the north sea hotel to have a rest.

tomorrow we’ll visit brightness top, lotus peak which is the highest peak in huangshan mountain, and the most famous spot—guest-greeting pine, and which is also the sign of huangshan.

ok, ladies and gentlemen, now our itinerary is all finished. first of all, on behalf of my company, my chinese colleagues and myself, i’d like to take this opportunity to express my thanks for your consideration, understanding, tolerance and cooperation.

a few days ago, we met as total strangers, but today, you leave as my friends. i’ve tried my best to satisfy your needs and explained to you what i know about huangshan mountain. however, there are probably still some unfulfilled requests. i hope you’ll leave your comments and suggestion so that we can better our service in the future.

i look forward to seeing you again soon. at last, i bless you in a chinese words:”一路顺风”! a pleasant journey!

各位朋友：

早上好!我叫陈映雪，是悠然旅行社的导游，今天很荣幸能为大家服务，你们就叫我雪儿好了!今天我们要游览的景观是享誉世界的长城。长城是世界珍贵的历史文物，希望大家爱护长城，可不要乱扔垃圾、乱写乱画哦!

长城历史悠久，有2019多年的历史，春秋战国时期，各诸侯国为了互相防御，都在地势险要的地方修筑长城。据《左传》记载：公元前656年，“楚国方城”是关于长城的最早记载。秦始皇灭六国统一中国后，为了防御北方匈奴的南侵，于公元前224年，将原秦、赵、燕三国的北边长城，加以修缮，连贯起来。故址西起临洮(今甘肃泯县)北傍阴山，东到辽东，这就是俗称的“万里长城”，至今还有遗迹残存。此后，汉、北魏、北周、北齐、隋历代都修筑过长城。

明代为了防御异族的入侵，前后修筑长城达18次，全长6700公里，东起山海关，西至嘉峪关，我们今天游览的这一段长城就是明代修筑的，位于八达岭。

现在我们已经到达了八达岭脚下。游客朋友，请大家抬头看长城：它像一条巨龙，在崇山峻岭之间蜿蜒盘旋。请大家跟我走上长城，看：长城的城墙上每隔三百多米就有一座方形城台，是古代用来屯兵的堡垒。据说打仗的时候，城台之间可以互相呼应。城墙顶上还铺着十分平整的方砖，像很宽的马路，大概二三台汽车可以并行。城墙外沿有许多两米多高的、成排的垛口，供?望和射击用。

朋友们，看看你的脚下是什么?猜猜有多重?告诉你们吧!这是条石，一块有两三千斤重呢!那时候，没有火车、汽车，也没有起重机，就靠着无数的肩膀无数的双手，一步一步抬上那陡峭的山岭。这是多少劳动人民的血汗和智慧，才凝结成这前不见头、后不见尾的万里长城啊!

这就是长城!这就是西起嘉峪关，东到山海关，朝朝暮暮，迎大海日出，送戈壁落照，或翘首于峰巅之上，或俯身于峡谷之中，跌宕起伏，绵延千万里的万里长城。长城它是这样的气魄雄伟，在世界历史上是一个伟大的奇迹!

各位游客，今天的游览到这里就结束了，非常感谢大家对我的支持与合作。雄伟的万里长城永远恭候您的光临!

2019年北京奥运会再见!

在三亚看落日真有诗意.夕阳滑落的景象美妙绝伦,一点儿也不比日出逊色.

三亚在海南岛的最南端,被蓝透了的海水围着,洋溢着浓浓的热带风情.蓝蓝的天与蓝蓝的海融成一体,低翔的白鸥掠过蓝蓝的海面,真让人担心洁白的翅尖会被海水蘸蓝了.挺拔俊秀的椰子树,不时在海风中摇曳着碧玉般的树冠.海滩上玉屑银末般的细沙,金灿灿、亮闪闪的,软软地暖暖地搔着人们的脚板,谁都想捏一捏、团一团,将它揉成韧韧的面.

活跃了一天的太阳,依旧像一个快乐的孩童.它歪着红扑扑的脸蛋,毫无倦态,潇潇洒洒地从身上抖落下赤朱丹彤,在大海上溅出无数夺目的亮点.于是,天和海都被它的笑颜感染了,金红一色,热烈一片.

时光悄悄地溜走,暑气跟着阵阵海风徐徐地远离.夕阳也渐渐地收敛了光芒,变得温和起来,像一只光焰柔和的大红灯笼,悬在海与天的边缘.兴许是悬得太久的缘故,只见它慢慢地下沉,刚一挨到海面,又平稳地停住了.它似乎借助了大海的支撑,再一次任性地在这张硕大无朋的床面上顽皮地蹦跳.大海失去了原色,像饱饮了玫瑰酒似的,醉醺醺地涨溢出光与彩.人们惊讶得不敢眨眼,生怕眨眼的那一瞬间,那盏红灯笼会被一只巨手提走.我瞪大双眼正在欣赏着,突然那落日颤动了两下,最后像跳水员那样,以一个轻快、敏捷的弹跳,再以一个悄然无声、水波不惊的优美姿势入了水,向人们道了“再见”.

哦,这就是三亚的落日!

精选5篇广东著名景点导游词

广东是岭南文化的重要传承地，在语言、风俗、生活习惯和历史文化等方面都有着独特风格。广东也是目前中国人口最多的省份。 下面是小编收集整理的精选5篇广东著名景点导游词，欢迎借鉴参考。

精选5篇广东著名景点导游词(一)

广州陈家祠是中国清代宗祠建筑。原称陈氏书院。在广东省广州市中山七路。清代中叶以后，广东各县多在广州建书院，以供同宗子弟读书或参加科举考试,又是祭祖的宗祠。该祠规模宏大，装饰华丽，是广东地区保存较完整的富有代表性的清末民间建筑。1988年中华人民共和国国务院公布为全国重点文物保护单位。

陈氏书院，俗称陈家祠，建于清光绪十四年至二十年(1888~1894年)，它是当时广东省七十二县陈宗亲合资兴建的族祠。陈氏书院以其精湛的装饰工艺著称于世，在它的建筑中广泛采用木雕、石雕、砖雕、陶塑、灰塑、彩绘和铜铁铸等不同风格的工艺做装饰。雕刻技既有简练粗放，又有精雕细琢、相互映托，使书院在庄重淡雅中透出富丽堂皇。

陈家祠堂坐落于广东省广州市中山七路。陈家祠堂又称"陈氏书院"，始建于清光绪十四年(1888年)，光绪二十年(1894年)落成，它是由清末广东省七十二县的陈姓联合建造的，是广东省著名的宗祠建筑。陈家祠堂的建筑结构可分为三轴、三进，建筑面积达8000平方米。祠堂的每进之间既有庭院相隔，又利用廊、庑巧妙地联接起来，共有九座厅堂和六个院落，祠堂的整体布局上下对称，殿堂楼阁，虚实相间，气势雄伟。"聚贤堂"是陈家祠堂中轴线的主殿堂，也是陈家祠整个建筑组合的中心，堂的正面是一座宽阔的石露台，周围用嵌有铁花的石栏板环绕。祠堂建成之初时的聚贤堂是供族人集会之用，后来改作宗祠，两边的侧房供书院使用。

精选5篇广东著名景点导游词(二)

各位游客,,下面我们来到的是世界之窗..首先先由我简单介绍一下世界之窗的微缩景观,,它位于深圳湾湖畔1994年6月建成开放....世界之窗占地48平方米作为弘扬世界文化的大型文化景区....由130个名著组成 .集自然风光.自然民俗,,历史遗迹..以及大型高科技参与项目..为您呈现个美妙的世界..

景区是按地域结构和浏览内容划分8个景区.分为世界广场,欧洲,亚洲, 大洋洲,,美洲...世界雕塑园和园际街八个区域..世界广场是一个108个意蕴深远,的廊柱..直冲云霄的喷泉,,,神秘庄严的金字塔,,,壮观的尼亚加拉瀑布..营造异国风情,,按1;1;到1;100不同的比仿造...

世界之窗的标志建筑是法国埃菲尔铁塔,,,高108米.从电梯上上去可以观看整个深圳的风光,,东南亚风光, 非洲居民,,印第安居民等独特魅力..展示不同民族的智慧..科罗拉多大夹谷探险漂流...阿尔卑斯的滑雪,充分体现的冒险刺激..

世界之窗毗邻“锦绣中华”和“中国民俗文化村”，占地48万平方米，是香港中旅集团在深圳华侨城创建的又一大型文化旅游景区。将世界奇观、历史遗迹、古今名胜、自然风光、民居、雕塑、绘画以及民俗风情、民间歌舞表演汇集一园，再现了一个美妙的世界。

景区按世界地域结构和游览活动内容分为世界广尝亚洲区、大洋州区、欧洲区、非洲区、美洲区、现代科技娱乐区、世界雕塑园、国际街九大景区，内建有118个景点。其中包括世界著名景观埃及金字塔、阿蒙神庙、柬埔寨吴哥窟、美国大峡谷、巴黎雄狮凯旋门、梵蒂冈圣彼得大教堂、印度泰姬陵、澳大利亚悉尼歌剧院、意大利比萨斜塔等等。这些景点分别以1:1、1:5、1:15等不同比例仿建，精致绝伦，惟妙惟肖。有些景点气势非常壮观。如缩小为三分之一比例的法国埃菲尔铁塔，高108米，巍然耸立，游人可乘观光电梯到塔顶，饱览深圳市和香港风光。缩小的尼亚加拉大瀑布面宽有八十多米，落差十多米，水流飞泻，吼声震天，声势浩大。喷吐岩浆的夏威夷火山以及百米喷泉，令游客叹为观止。

作为景区活动中心的世界广场，可容纳游客万余人，正面有十尊世界著名雕塑，广场四周耸立着108根不同风格的大石柱和近两千多平方米的浮雕墙，还有象征世界古老文明发祥地的六座巨门，一座华丽的舞台，将有世界各地的艺术家表演精彩的节目，让游客在文化和艺术的氛围中尽情享受。

在一片浓郁的荔枝园里，有五十多尊世界名雕，如有“约翰·施特劳斯纪念碑”、“掷铁饼者”、“阿波罗太阳神”、“思想者”等，形象生动，栩栩如生。

景区内交通设施齐备，有高架单轨环游车、游览车，古代欧式马车、吉普赛大篷车、老爷车，单桨木船、橡皮筏，为游客提供多种趣味的观赏活动设施。国际街商业服务区，以欧洲、亚洲、伊斯兰等民居建筑风格为主体，集教堂、集市、街道于一处，是供游人小憩和购物的地方。在这里可以品尝到法国、意大利、奥地利、俄-国、日本、泰国、韩国等不同风味的大餐，及德国啤酒、夏威夷雪糕。还汇集了世界各国精巧的工艺品、旅游纪念品，琳琅满目，供游客选购。每当夜幕降临，华灯初放，景区内又展现出另一种迷人的异国情调。由世界民族歌舞和民俗节目组成的“狂欢之夜”艺术大巡游，把景区游园活动推向高-潮。

世界之窗是世界历史之窗、世界文明之窗、世界旅游风光之窗。

精选5篇广东著名景点导游词(三)

各位游客:

大家好!欢迎大家来到广州白云山游玩。白云山位于广州市白云区，自古以来就是有名的风景胜地，历史上羊城八景中的“白云晚望”、“菊湖云影”等都在白云山里。

来到白云山脚下，大家首先看到的是芬芳满园的云台花园，里面有许多奇花异草。最神奇的是花园的中央有一个巨大的花钟，这个花钟是由12种不同时间开放的花组成的，每到一个时刻，就会有一种花开放，告诉你现在是几点钟。

沿着林荫大道，来到白云山腰，眼前看到的是散落在湖光山色和峰峦叠翠间的能仁寺、黄婆洞水库等景点。关于黄婆洞水库，还有一个美丽的传说。元代女纺织家黄道婆小时候家里贫穷，便到海南学习纺织技术。转眼间，几十年过去了，黄道婆由少女变成了白发苍苍的老太婆，特别思念家乡，就踏上回乡之路。路上经过广州白云山，看到人们生活贫困落后，就留下来向大家传授纺织技术。后来，为了纪念黄道婆，人们就将黄道婆住过的地方称为黄婆洞。

沿着蜿蜒盘旋的山道向上，我们来到了景色迷人的白云山顶。这里比较著名的景点有鸣春谷、摩星岭、九龙泉等。鸣春谷在山顶中央，是我国目前最大的一座天然鸟笼。它座落在白云山风景区的天南第一峰与九龙泉之间的滴水岩谷地上，占地约五万平方米，分天然式大型鸟笼景区、鸣禽挂廊区、珍稀鸟区三部分。这里的鸟儿特别多，不仅数量多，而且品种丰富。它们鸣声清脆，那婉转的歌声在山谷间回荡，让人听了心旷神怡，连满身的疲倦和烦恼都烟消云散了。在鸣春谷大门入口处一侧还可看到极富情趣的“驯鸟表演”，有小鸟骑车、小鸟升旗、小鸟寻宝等等，特别有趣。摩星岭是白云山的最高峰，海拔382米，登高远眺，可以看到广州市的全景。

白云山为南粤名山，自古就有“羊城第一秀”之称。它聚拢着三十多个山峰，山体相当宽阔，总面积20.98平方公里。每当霏雨绵绵，云雾缭绕于黛山葱绿间，半壁皆素，故名白云山。

游览完了白云山的美景，我们的行程就此结束。欢迎大家对我们的工作多提宝贵意见，今后我们将以更以优质的服务为大家提供旅游帮助。谢谢!

精选5篇广东著名景点导游词(四)

各为游客朋友大家好，很高兴能有幸陪同大家一起游览我们广东著名的风景名胜区——丹霞山，首先我先把丹霞山的概况简要地给大家介绍一下。

丹霞山座落于仁化县城南约9公里处，距韶关市区56公里。丹霞山与南海罗浮山、博罗罗浮山、肇庆鼎湖山并列为广东四大名山，1988年被国务院定为国家级风景名胜区。全山均为红色砂砾岩，远眺全山，“色如渥丹，灿若明霞”，因而又有人称之为“红石花园”。它的地质岩层是由碎屑红岩，砾石岩和粉状沙岩所组成，含有钙质，氧化铁和少量石膏，呈丹红色，是砂岩地势的代表。这种地形和福建的武夷山、韶关的金鸡岭等同属丹霞地貌。丹霞山古称烧木佛旧地，又称长老寨。据《广东省通志》记载，丹霞山在残唐五代时期已有佛教居士法云在山上之锦石岩憩息，至南宁时期，有僧伽构造堂室，供奉佛像。明代末年(公元1645 年)，虔州巡抚李永茂、李充茂兄弟来山经营，开凿石阶修筑关门，建造房舍，作为隐居之所，并更名为丹霞山。

丹霞山主峰海拔409米，它与众多名山相比远不算高，也不算大，但它集黄山之奇、华山之险、桂林之秀一身，具有一险、二奇、三美的特点。风景区划分为上、中、下三层以及锦江风景区、翔龙湖和有被誉为天下第一奇景的阳元山，上层是三峰耸峙;中层以别传寺为主体;下层以锦石岩为中心。三百多年前澹归和尚在丹霞山开辟别传寺时，曾挑出12 处风景，命名丹霞十二景：锦水滩声、玉台爽气、杰阁晨钟、丹梯铁索、舵石朝曦、竹坡烟雨、双沼碧荷、乳泉春溜、累顶浮图、虹桥拥翠、片鳞秋月。

精选5篇广东著名景点导游词(五)

各位游客：大家好!欢迎你们来到

“罗浮仙境”，寻觅仙人的胜迹，接受仙气的熏陶，探索大自然绿色宝库的奥秘。下面让我们一同走进罗浮，畅享罗浮仙路之旅吧!

人间仙境(您现在所游览的景点是人间仙境)

罗浮山是国家级风景名胜区，国家4A级旅游景区，中国道教十大名山之一，大家知道罗浮山名字的由来吗?据《罗浮山志》记载，罗浮山是罗山、浮山二者的合称。传说浮山是蓬莱仙岛中的一个小岛，随着风浪从东海飘浮到南海，最后停在罗山旁，两山合为一山，这山就取名罗浮山。罗浮山在很早以前就被认为是神仙的洞府、南海的“蓬莱”，给人们留下了许多神奇的传说，吸引着历代文人隐士前来游览或栖隐。东晋时，道教著名人物葛洪就曾经来这里修炼传教，并修建了一些道观，使这里逐渐成为岭南地区的道教圣地。

此后，历代朝廷都很重视罗浮山的人文历史研究，并给予大力支持，这里逐渐成为全真派的中心之一。罗浮山与道教有着不解之缘，道教里的第七大洞天，第三十四福地就在罗浮山，大家现在所在的位置就是这第七大洞天——朱明洞天，洞天就是能够通达上天的洞室，罗浮山有大小洞天十八个，朱明洞天最为有名，是十八洞天之首，朱明洞天意为“朱明耀真之天”，洞内大洞套小洞，有桃源洞、蓬莱洞、蝴蝶洞、青霞洞、两仪洞、泉源洞、梅花洞7个小洞天。石洞形态各异，各自成趣，相信大家一定迫不及待去探究一番了。大家先别着急，不妨从这里向远处望一下，大家看远处的山峰，那里有梅花山、象山、马山和狮子峰，山上郁郁葱葱，其中有高大雄挺的云杉(南洋杉)和香樟树以及漫山苍翠的杜鹃林，还有大家可能见所未见、闻所未闻的珍奇植物呢，这里气候舒适，植物繁密，按照风水学说法，正是具备了天地安和、物种丰富的特征。也难怪历来有不少名士仙翁常来这里，使这里成为一个山清水秀，仙缘永在的道教之胜地，人间之仙境。

请大家停下脚步，大家现在所在的这个小园子就叫人间仙境感觉，你们看，这里山环水绕，曲尽通幽，亭廊四立，钟鼓对偶，楼阁精雕。周围种植奇花异卉，树木成荫。当云烟吞吐，呈现清流奇石，望之如垂练，跳珠溅玉真仙境之胜。元代四大家之一王蒙，曾以葛洪移居罗浮为主题，创作过两幅画，其中《稚川移居图》描绘的就是葛洪带着家人入罗浮山的情景。这幅画在20xx年北京保利春季竞拍会上最终以4.25亿人名币落槌。文明总是经历的时间越久越能体现它的价值，人们对《稚川移居图》的高度重视充分说明葛洪移居罗浮山炼丹的重要影响，也昭示罗浮山是一座天地安和，万物苏生，消灾纳福，宜居宜游的仙山，是一块养生延寿的风水宝地。

沿着“通天行” 旁边的石梯往前走就是观赏罗浮“第七大洞天”、“ 第三十四福地”的最佳位置。“洞天”意山中有洞室通达上天之意。“福地”是指得福之地，多为真人所主宰，是次于洞天一级的仙境。洞天福地是东汉以后确立的，其实是指人迹罕至、景色秀丽的山脉或岛屿，认为此中有神仙主治，乃众仙所居，道士居此修炼则可得道成仙。

妈祖阁的导游词

妈祖阁是澳门最著名的名胜古迹之一，至今已已有500多年的历史，是澳门三大禅院中最古老的一座，坐落在澳门东南方，建于明朝1488年。

妈祖阁俗称天后庙，相传天后是福建莆田人，又名娘妈，能预言吉凶，死后常显灵海上，帮助商人及渔民消灾解难，化险为夷，福建人就和当地居民共同在现址立庙奉祀。

每年春节和农历3月23日娘妈生辰日，是妈祖阁香火最鼎盛的时候。除夕午夜开始，不少善男信女纷纷到来拜神祈福，庙宇内外，一片热闹，而诞期前后，庙前空地会搭盖一大棚作为临时舞台，上演神功戏。·南湾公园的导游词 ·玫瑰圣母堂的导游词 ·澳门特别行政区导游词

有关“MACAU”的来历：400多年前，葡国人抵达澳门，在庙前对面的海峡登岸，看到到有一间神庙，询问居民当地名称及历史，居民误认为是指庙宇，随口称“妈阁”，葡人音译成“MACAU”，成为澳门葡文名称的由来。

Shandong, one of the birthplaces of ancient Chinese culture, is a greatland with not only famous mountains and rivers, but also splendid civilizationin the long history of civilization. There are numerous places of interest andscenic spots in Shandong.

Dear tourists, ladies and gentlemen, you have worked hard all the way.Welcome to the Confucius Temple.

Dear tourist friends, ladies and gentlemen, welcome to Qufu, Confuciushometown, and thank you for choosing me as your guide. Im Zhang, a tour guideof __ travel agency in Qufu. You can call me Xiao Zhang or Zhang Dao. Confuciushas a famous saying: "its a pleasure to have friends from afar." Now let mefeel happy to meet new friends and provide you with tour guide service.

Confucius Temple is a ritual temple for Confucius. Confucius is a famousthinker and educator at the end of the spring and Autumn Period in China, and isrespected as the founder of the Confucian school. According to records,Confucius was born on the top of the polder, like the shape of Niqiu mountain,so because of the name Qiu, the word Zhongni.

In his life of hard exploration of social practice, Confucius deeplyunderstood and understood the society at that time, gradually established thebasic system of Confucianism, and became a famous political theorist, educatorand thinker at that time. The Confucianism he founded has a great influence inthe history of China and even the world. In the second year after Confucius died(478 BC), Duke AI of Lu changed the hall where Confucius lived to "longevityhall". There were three houses, which displayed "clothes, crowns, Qin, Che, Shu"used by Confucius, and "because they thought they were temples, they wereworshipped when they were old", that is, they offered sacrifices on time everyyear. Although Confucius was a well-known academic master at that time,Confucianism was only a school, and Confucius was not in a high position, so theoriginal Confucius Temple was only the former residence of Confucius. After theHan Dynasty, the status of Confucius and Confucianism gradually improved.

According to records, from 220 A.D. to the time before liberation, theConfucius Temple was rebuilt and expanded for more than 70 times. After morethan 20__ years of reconstruction and expansion, the Confucius Temple in Qufuformed a large-scale ancient architectural complex. It covers an area of about140000 square meters, including 466 halls, pavilions, 54 gates and 17 stelepavilions. With its large scale, the Palace Museum and Chengde Mountain Resortare known as the three major ancient architectural complexes in China.

The overall layout of Confucius Temple is a long-term development ofConfucius former residence, which has a history of more than 2400 years. Thearchitectural effect pursued by the development of Confucius Temple is achievedthrough the environment created by the whole building complex to set off thegreat achievements of Confucius and the profound and extensive of Confucianismand Taoism. Therefore, the artistic expression of Confucius temple architectureis firstly the integrity of its overall layout and architectural sequence;secondly, the treatment of its individual buildings and the pattern of eachcourtyard, and each hall, hall, building, door and pavilion fully shows theirrespective important role; The third is the subtle aspects of individualarchitecture, which fully reflects the unparalleled artistic achievements ofChinese ancient architects in design and construction. In the aspect of overallarchitecture, Confucius Temple adopts the ancient traditional palace stylearchitecture. However, it has been rebuilt and expanded for many times inhistory. When it is rebuilt and expanded, it is bound to be limited by theshape, scale and other factors of the previous Confucian temple. However, thearchitectural group of the Confucian temple finally successfully utilized theheritage of the previous generation, which not only reflects the continuation ofthe historical heritage, but also maintains its overall integrity. This uniquearchitectural form is caused by many factors. First of all, the Confucius Templeis an extension of the former residence of Confucius, which preserves manyhistorical sites related to Confucius, such as the old house well, poetry hall,Lubi, Jinsi hall, and the apricot altar built to commemorate Confuciuslectures; second, the Royal ancestral temple factors, such as the halberdsystem, the front hall and the back bedroom system; third, the palace factors,such as the five gate system of the emperor, the turret system of the RoyalCity, the East and West Huamen, etc; The fourth is the factors of clan andfamily temples, such as Qisheng temple, Chongsheng temple, family temple, etc.;the fifth is the factors of sacrifice. In addition to Confucius, Sipei andtwelve philosophers, there are also sages, Confucians and ancestors, with atotal number of more than 200 people. In order to accommodate a large number ofworshippers, it is necessary to set up veranda, thus forming veranda courtyard.In addition to the above factors, it also highlights the sage status ofConfucius and the sanctity of Confucius and Mencius, such as panchi, Bishui,memorial archway and so on, and symbolizes Confucius great academicachievements with the book building. Confucius Temple has successfully used thetraditional combination of courtyard and environment, and achieved the purposeof rendering Confucius outstanding contribution in academic and education andhis lofty position in ancient society. It is a unique architectural form inancient Chinese architectural complex.

There are more than 1200 ancient trees in the Confucius Temple, whichreflect each other with the magnificent buildings. Especially in summer,thousands of egrets live on the ancient trees, forming another unique landscapeof the Confucius Temple. Egrets have been designated as city birds by QufuCity.

Wanren palace wall

Jin Sheng Yu Zhen Fang

Jinshengyuzhen square was built in 1538, the 17th year of Jiajing reign ofMing Dynasty. The four characters of "jinshengyuzhen" are written by Huzuanzong, a scholar of Ming Dynasty. On the square, there is a light carvedcloud dragon playing with pearls. On the top of each column, there is a roundcarving "ward off evil spirits", commonly known as "chaotianhou". Behind thesquare, there is a single hole stone bridge, on which there is a dragon, named"Panshui bridge". Under the bridge, the upstream of panshuiyuan is connectedwith gupanchi, and the downstream flows through the South Gate of Ming CityXishuimen enters the moat. The bridge was built in the 16th year of the reign ofEmperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (1677 AD).

The four characters of "Jin Sheng Yu Zhen" come from "Mencius · Wan ZhangXia", Mencius said: "Confucius is called jidacheng. He who has achieved greatsuccess has a golden voice and a jade. The first is the sound of gold, and thelast is the sound of jade. " It means that Confucius is a master of sages andsages. The original meaning of "Jin Sheng" refers to the sound of "Zhong", anancient musical instrument in China. The original meaning of "Yu Zhen" refers tothe sound of "Qing", an ancient musical instrument in China. Mencius comparesConfucius thought to a perfect music. Here, to borrow Mencius meaning, itmeans that Confucius thought is perfect and integrates the achievements ofancient sages to reach the top.

Lattice star gate

Lingxing gate was built in the 13th year of Yongle (AD 1415) of MingDynasty. It was originally made of wood. In the 19th year of Qianlong (AD 1754)of Qing Dynasty, it was replaced by stone pillars and iron beams when KongZhaohuan rebuilt the Confucius Temple. On the top of the four pillars are thefour generals, and on the middle beam are the fire pearls, which symbolizes thatthe gate is guarded by the generals and becomes a towering gate.

Lingxing, namely Tiantian star, was first seen in the historical data ofthe Han Emperor Gaozus order to worship Lingxing. The ancients believed thatLingxing was a star that "the LORD was honored by the scholars" and wasspecially in charge of officials. In the sixth year of emperor Renzong of SongDynasty (A.D. 1028), a Lingxing gate was built on the outer wall of theplatform, which was like a window lattice. There is a gate in the ConfuciusTemple, which means to worship Confucius as heaven. This can be seen in therecords of JINGDING Jiankang and Jinling Xinzhi of Song Dynasty. In addition,there is a inscription in the Confucius Temple: the Lingxing gate is set up to"dredge it to accommodate the corporal". Wherever there is a Lingxing gate, itsdoor leaf must be made of lattice structure, so it has the meaning of dredge.The Confucius temple takes this meaning to attract scholars from all over theworld to study here.

In feudal society, all the officials who came to Qufu to offer sacrificesto Confucius, regardless of their positions, had to get off the sedan chair anddismount the military officials to show their respect for Confucius. Thismonument was first erected in the second year of the reign of emperor Mingchangof Jin Dynasty (1191 AD), and now only one is left in the East.

Taihe Yuanqi square

Taihe Yuanqi square was built in the 23rd year of Jiajing in the MingDynasty (1544 A.D.), which is of stone structure. "Taihe Yuanqi" was written bythe governor of Shandong at that time.

"Taihe" refers to the combination of heaven and earth, sun and moon, andYin and Yang. "Yuanqi" originally means the original material that forms theworld. Later, some materialists called the five elements "Yuanqi" as "gold,wood, water, fire and earth". Everything in the world is composed of fiveelements. Here, "Yuanqi" is the combination of heaven and earth, sun and moon,and Yin and Yang, which is the basis for the growth of all things. "Taihe Qi"means that Confucius thought embodies the essence and the most noble aspect ofhuman thought. It can make human thought reach a supreme position as theuniverse produces everything.

After Yuanqi square of Taihe, there was the "Zhisheng Temple" square,formerly known as the "Xuansheng Temple" square. There was no record of itsfounding date. There was a "Xuansheng Temple" square on the temple map in the16th year of Hongzhi of Ming Dynasty (AD 1503). In 1729 ad, Xuansheng temple waschanged to Zhisheng temple. This square is white marble. "Zhi" meanssupreme.

"Demou heaven and earth, Daoguan ancient and modern" means that Confuciuscontributed as much to mankind as heaven and earth. Confucius thought isunprecedented, and is supreme in both ancient and modern times and in thefuture.

Holy time gate

Shengshimen, originally the main gate of Confucius Temple, was built in the13th year of Yongle (AD 1415) of Ming Dynasty, expanded in the 12th year ofHongzhi (AD 1499), and named "shengshimen" by Emperor Shizong of Qing Dynasty inthe 8th year of Yongzheng (AD 1730). The gate is built on a high platform, andthere are reliefs on the front and rear Royal Roads respectively. It is carvedin the Ming Dynasty. "Shengshimen" was written by Emperor Gaozong of QingDynasty.

The word "Shengshi" comes from Mencius. After comparing four ancientChinese sages, Mencius pointed out: "Boyi is the sage of Qing Dynasty; Yiyin isthe sage of Ren Dynasty; liuxiahui is the sage of harmony; Confucius is the sageof time". Yi Yin helped Tang exterminate Xia Jie, assisted Wai Bing after Tangdied, and established Tang sun Tai Jia to ascend the throne after Zhong Rendied. Because Tai Jia destroyed Tang FA, he was banished by Yi Yin. Three yearslater, Tai Jia repented and Yi Yin took him back. Mencius called Yi Yin thesage; Liu Xiahui was a senior official of the state of Lu in the spring andAutumn period. He had been demoted three times and remained in office. Whenasked why he didnt leave, he replied, "how can we go straight and serve people?Why should we go to our parents country if we do wrong?" later, when Qiattacked Lu, he sent people to Qi to persuade him to withdraw. Without a singlesoldier, he withdrew from Qis army, so Mencius said that he was the Holy One.By comparison, Mencius believes that Confucius is the sage of the time, the sageof the whole time, is the most suitable sage of the times, no matter in anyperiod, any dynasty, Confucius thought should become orthodox thought.

Bishui Bridge

When you enter the Shengshi gate, it suddenly opens. In the large squarecourtyard, there are towering ancient trees, fragrant grass, symmetrical Eastand West, each with a waist gate. The three arch bridges on the opposite sidecover the Bishui, and half cover the Hongdao gate. In addition, the stone bonsaiis decorated on it. It makes people relaxed and happy, and they are all moved.They suddenly feel that they have entered the realm of "God". Those who worshipthe saints will look up to the top, and those who watch will see it first.Connected with this situation, the east side of the waist gate is called "quickview", and the west side of the waist gate is called "Yang Gao". "Kuai Kan"means seeing first, while "Yanggao" comes from the Analects of Confucius ·Zihan. It means that Confucius way is high and unfathomable. Looking up, thehigher you look, the higher you study Confucius thoughts and theories. Once youenter the door, you will feel that there is no end to what you learn. These twogates were built in the 12th year of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty (1499 AD). In thepast, only the emperor could go through the main gate for sacrifice, and mostpeople could only enter the temple through the Yanggao gate.

In front of a water across, three bridges longitudinal span, ring water hascarved stone column, because the water "around such as Bi" named "Bi water".There is Jinshui in front of Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, where Bishui meansConfucius Temple is the same as the Imperial Palace, so the third bridge isnamed Bishui bridge. It was first built in the 13th year of Yongle (AD 1415) ofMing Dynasty. In the 12th year of Hongzhi of Ming Dynasty (AD 1499), stonerailings were added. The river body was built with a river bottom. The originalriver was built with small walls. In the 16th year of Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (AD1677), the small walls were changed into stone railings.

Hongdaomen

Hongdaomen was built in 1377, the 10th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty. Itwas the main gate of Confucius Temple at that time. When the Confucius Templewas rebuilt in Hongzhi period of Ming Dynasty, it was rebuilt into five rooms.In the eighth year of Yongzheng (1730 A.D.), Emperor Yongzheng designated it as"Hongdao gate". Later, Emperor Qianlong inscribed the word "Hongdao" and erecteda plaque on the gate.

There are two stone steles under hongdaomen. The East stele is the "historyof Qufu county" carved in Yuan Dynasty, which records the history of Qufu beforeYuan Dynasty and has high historical value. Xibei is the epitaph of Mr. ChushiWang in Yuan Dynasty, which is of great calligraphy value. The two steles wereoriginally erected in Jiuxian village in the east of Qufu City and moved to theConfucius Temple in 1964.

Da Zhong men

Dazhongmen is the main gate of Confucius Temple in Song Dynasty. It wasbuilt in Song Dynasty and rebuilt in 1499. The three character plaque of"dazhongmen" was written by Emperor Gaozong of Qing Dynasty.

There are three green tile corner buildings on both sides of the Dazhonggate. The two corner buildings are built on the square high platform in theshape of a curved ruler. The rectangular outline formed by the two cornerbuildings and the East and west corner buildings behind the Confucius Temple isthe outline of the Confucius Temple in the yuan Dynasty. The main buildings inthe Confucius Temple are within this outline. The turret was built in 1331 A.D.in the second year of the Yuan Dynasty. The corner tower of Confucius Temple ismodeled on the corner tower of Imperial City, which means that Confucius Templeis as majestic as imperial palace.

Tongwenmen was built in Song Dynasty. It was originally three rooms, andexpanded to five rooms in Chenghua period of Ming Dynasty. It was called"shentongmen" in the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, and changed totongwenmen in the seventh year of Yongzheng of the Qing Dynasty (1729 AD). Thisdoor is a single door, no wall on the left and right. In the past, intraditional Chinese palace style architecture, small buildings were often usedas barriers before the main building to show solemnity. Tongwen gate acted as abarrier for Kuiwen Pavilion. "Tongwenmen" was written by Emperor Gaozong of QingDynasty.

Kuiwen Pavilion

Kuiwenge, formerly known as the library, was built in the Song Dynasty withfive double eaves. In the sixth year of jinmingchang (AD 1195), it was changedinto three eaves and was named "kuiwenge". In the 17th year of Hongzhi in MingDynasty (1504 AD), it was changed into seven rooms. Emperor Qianlong of Gaozongof Qing Dynasty inscribed a plaque on the pavilion.

Kuiwen Pavilion is 30.1 meters wide from east to west, 17.62 meters deepfrom north to south, and 23.35 meters high. It has triple cornices, four layersof brackets, and eight octagonal stone columns under the eaves. The internalstructure is a laminated wooden frame, with two layers of Pavilion and a darklayer in the middle.

Kui, the name of the star. One of the 28 sleepers. It is said that it isthe head of the white tiger in the west, with a total of 16 stars, "buckled andhooked, like a painting of words". In the book of filial piety, it is said that"the article of Kui master", and later generations further described Kui star as"the head of civil servants". Therefore, in order to praise Confucius as a civilservant, Jin Zhangzong named the original library Kuiwen Pavilion.

Kuiwen pavilion has experienced hundreds of years of ups and downs andhundreds of earthquakes since it was expanded in 1504. In the West Pavilion,there is a tablet recording a major earthquake in the Kangxi period of QingDynasty, "nine houses in the world, one in the world". That is to say, 90% ofthe houses collapsed and Kuiwen pavilion was safe and sound. By the early 1980s,Kuiwen Pavilion had been in disrepair for many years. Some of the wood wasrotten and the top of the pavilion was twisted. Under the leadership of theState Administration of cultural relics, experts on ancient buildings wereorganized to work out a restoration plan. More than 1.2 million yuan wasallocated to renovate Kuiwen Pavilion one year ahead of the original schedule.The renovated Kuiwen pavilion has completely maintained its originalspecifications and style.

There are two stone tablets in the East and west of kuiwenge corridor.Kuiwenge Fu in the East is written by Li Dongyang, a famous poet in MingDynasty, and Qiao Zong, a famous calligrapher. In the west is kuiwenge resetbooks record, which records that in 1511, Liu Liu and Liu Qi led the peasantuprising army to capture Qufu and occupy the Confucius Temple. After they burnedkuiwenges books, the emperor ordered the Ministry of rites to issue imperialbooks. In the late Qing Dynasty, the collection of books in Kuiwen pavilion wasmoved to Confucius residence for preservation.

Kuiwen Pavilion is now on display with the pictures of Confucius holyrelics

无锡的灵山是块风水宝地。灵山大佛、梵宫等佛教文化景点闻名海内外，每一天都吸引成千上万的人前来游览，也有一些信众来烧香跪拜，祈求佛祖保佑。暑假中，我这个对佛教一无所知的人，也去领略一下胜境风光。

步及景区，穿过“灵山胜地”的山门后，一座五门相连的石牌坊巍然屹立在大道正中，上头刻“持戒”、“布施”、“忍辱”的题匾——听说这是对佛教徒的纪律要求。

过了山门，两座由青铜浇铸的莲花池吸引了众多游客的目光。传说中，佛祖是在莲花中出生的。再往前走一段，就是“九龙灌浴”景点。那里是一片极为宽大的广场，广场中央有一座由神像，宝瓶叠起组成的巨大的铜塔，顶端有一朵巨大的、未绽放的莲花。随着《佛之诞》的音乐响起，广场四周众多喷泉一线冲天，塔顶的莲花瓣徐徐地打开了，幼年的释迦牟尼在莲花中诞生了，巨塔下九条龙口中喷出高高的水柱，为释迦牟尼洗浴。这一景观再现了佛祖诞生的故事。九龙喷出的圣水落入池中，化着七十二股清泉从凤凰口中缓缓流出。一些游客纷纷拿出水杯，恭敬地接下这表示吉祥的圣水。

列在九龙灌浴东侧的梵宫，五印坛城在蓝天的映衬下，更显得光彩夺目。

一汪清澈的流水将五印坛城围在水中央，让人感到那座圣殿是那么遥不可及却又触手可即。我在花木丛中穿梭了一阵，最终摸索到了入口，这座藏族佛教殿堂外观很像布达拉宫。走进坛城，无数精美的佛像、壁画纷纷进入游客的视线，精湛绝伦的工艺让人叹为观止。

用黄金打造起来的梵宫更是金光闪闪、佛光缭绕。那里是世界佛教会址。梵宫里有一座高大、浑圆的演出大厅，天穹般的屋顶上变幼着宝石般的彩光。大厅里约有两千座席，那里常年演出大型歌舞剧《灵山吉祥颂》，讲述人从哪里来，到哪里去等人生问题，在四周巨大的环幕电影的配合下，讲述了释迦牟尼创立佛教的故事。

游览过上述景点已经累得不想走了。可到了灵山不去参拜灵山大佛太可惜了!远远望去，大佛站在山顶向我们招手致意呢!我又打起精神向山上走去。途中，首先遇到“天下第一掌”，约有三层楼高，一根手指就有1米粗。这是如来佛祖的手掌，与山顶铜像的手掌一样大。导游说，摸一下佛掌能够带来福气，游客们顿时兴致勃勃地去摸佛掌，一个个仿佛沾满了福气，喜笑颜开。

过了大佛掌，眼前是沿山而上的几百级台阶。游人走走停停，艰难地蹬着台阶。在一阵阵喘息声中，我来到了大佛脚下，游客们一个挨一个地去抱佛脚。这座大佛像有88米高，在巨大的佛脚前，我是那么渺小，任何一个脚趾都比我高，我竭尽全力抱住佛脚的大拇指，留下了一个珍贵的镜头。

从佛脚下的平台向四周看，佛像背后与两侧三面环山，正南方是浩渺无际的太湖。唐代高僧玄奘见到这块绝佳的风水宝地，把它称为灵山。我相信这块秀美的宝地汇聚了天地山水的灵气。这次游程使我对佛教知识略知一二。佛教的信仰是要人持善心，做善事，促进社会和谐。这次旅游让我大开眼界，其乐无穷。

Everybody is good! Welcome to hangzhou west lake, I am a tour guide Zhou Ziwei, please take care of a lot. Okay, now we have arrived at west lake scenic area.

West lake used to be called wulin, qiantang lake, water scenery, song dynasty according to the west lake. It is for its beautiful lakes and mountains and numerous scenic spots and historical sites and famous Chinese and foreign, is Chinas famous tourist resort. Now we will enter the bai causeway and su causeway and bai causeway is by the ancient Chinese great poet bai juyi and su dongpo when an official in hangzhou, later generations to commemorate their, so named bai causeway and su causeway. There is a very famous bridge on bai causeway is called the broken bridge, xu xian and the white niang son legend in this encounter.

Now we see is the west lake, the lake, north and south 3.3 kilometers long, 2.8 km wide from east to west. Su causeway and bai causeway will be divided into the lake, the lake, YueHu, outside the kiosk and small lake nanhu five parts. During the period of the southern song dynasty when people choose the xihu ten scenery, including su causeway chunxiao, QuYuan prescribed by ritual law, the foundation, middle-east cx, orioles singing, flower view fish, world sunsets, twin peaks piercing the clouds, nanping bells, just. See the beauty of the west lake in your assistant today, in the rain, emptiness. Regardless of rain and snow qing Yin, under the sunset, smoke can into view; In spring, autumn moon, summer, winter snow in each.

Todays west lake day trip so far, I hope you come again next time, bye!

幽默导游欢迎词

幽默导游欢迎词(一)

各位尊敬的游客朋友们(停顿)——吃了吗?

啊?没吃啊，没吃就让刘导我带您吃去吧!我就知道您几位刚下火车(飞机)，一路上奔波劳碌的，肯定没吃，其实早给您安排好了，我们这马上就要去我们沈阳最有名的特色餐馆——老边饺子让您先大快朵颐，让您先从味觉上感受一下我们沈阳人的热情!

光顾着说吃了，还没自我介绍一下呢，我呢，叫刘峰，沈阳旅行社的导游员，正宗的东北爷们儿(亮相)，也许有的人觉得我们东北男人比较粗犷，不太适合做导游这种细致的工作。其实不然。经过联合国教科文组织36名专家组经过147天的科学论证，得主结论——俺们东北这嘎达出导游!

您看您别着急鼓掌啊，您的让我给您说出个一二三来不是吗?为什么说我们东北汉子最适合当导游呢?原因如下：一、我们东北人实在，热情，没有坏心眼，这个是全国公认的。所以说我们东北导游的服务肯定是一流的，因为我们热心肠啊!二、导游是个重体力劳动活，起早贪黑不说，每天这东跑西颠的，没个好身体可不行，不说别的，您几位游客光玩还累呢，何况是我们导游了，对吧，所以说这就是我们东北人适合作导游的第二个原因，我们牙好，嘿，胃口就好，身体倍儿棒，吃嘛嘛香，您瞅准了——东北男导游!(众人笑)

您可能会说了，小刘你这说得都对，你们东北男导游是有这些优点，不过别的地方的导游就不热情了吗?他们身体也不错啊。而且南方的一些漂亮的导游mm不用说话就光看着，就能让人那么舒服——你行吗?要说这个我真不行，不过我们东北导游还有她们比不了的一点好处呢!什么啊——我们东北导游个个都是兼职保镖!您看您又不信了，哦，说我长得这么瘦弱，还当保镖呐。(www.diyifanwen.com)这您就有所不知了!有句话叫人不可貌相，海水不可瓢量!不瞒您说，我还真是个练家子!

这外练筋骨皮，内练一口气，您就没发现，我这印堂放光，双目如电!真不是和各位吹，什么刀枪剑戟，斧钺钩叉，鞭锏锤抓，镋棍槊棒，拐子流星;带钩儿的，带尖儿的，带刃儿的，带刺儿的，带峨眉针儿的，带锁链儿的，十八般兵刃我是样样——稀松!您看您别乐啊。我这是谦虚，我说我十八般兵刃我样样精通——那是不知道天高地厚，这人外有人，天外有天，自大一点叫个臭字，人嘛，得谦虚，练得好地让别人说，你自己说那就没意思了。您看我这么多兵刃我全会，我和谁说了。是不是?您看您又乐了，您是不信是怎么着?您不信您和我这比划比划!我不是说您，我是说您怀里抱着的那个小朋友。敢与我大战三百合否?

把式把式，全凭架式!没有架式，不算把式!光说不练，那叫假把式;光练不说，那叫傻把式!连说带连，才叫真把式!连盒带药，连工带料，你吃了我的大力丸。甭管你是让刀砍着、斧剁着、车轧着、马趟着、牛顶着、狗咬着、鹰抓着、鸭子踢着……行了，您也甭吃握着大力丸了，我们的饭店到了，您跟我下车去吃饭吧!

幽默导游欢迎词(二)

各位团友，大家好啊!很高兴见到各位，首先我代表我们公司青岛××旅行社对大家参加这次的旅游活动表示热烈的欢迎，本人托大家的鸿福，很幸运能够成为大家的导游。在这里要跟大家说声谢谢哦：“谢谢大家”。先自我介绍吧，我呢是青岛××*旅行社的经理(停顿一下)派来的导游，我姓黄，单名一个锋字，大家可以直接喊我的名字：黄锋。这个名字挺简单，对吗?又好记，呵呵，希望大家喜欢。在我身边这一位呢是我们这次旅途中最为劳苦功高的一位，我们的××陈师傅，开足两天车的时间，非常幸苦。在此，我们于以热烈的掌声多谢我们的陈师傅。(略停)谢谢大家!那么，在这两天里面呢，就将由我和陈师傅以及一会我们的地陪这三位工作人员为大家服务，务求使到大家在我们旅途中的：食住行游购娱“都能够得到满意的服务。大家有什么需要帮忙的地方尽不妨尽管说，我们尽所可能地去满足大家的要求。所以，我们也希望在座的每一位团友都能够配合我们导游司机的工作，爱护车厢里的清洁卫生。最后，请大家再次以热烈的掌声来预祝我们将会度过一个轻松愉快的旅程!