故宫导游词作文六年级【实用20篇】

各位旅客朋友们：

大家好！我是你们的导游，今天我们参观的是沈阳风景名胜之一的“沈阳故宫”

先来给你们介绍一下。沈阳故宫始建于1625年，是清朝入关前清太祖努尔哈赤、清太宗皇太极创建的皇宫。又称“盛京皇宫”。清朝入主中原后改为陪都宫殿和皇帝东巡行宫，现为沈阳故宫博物院。

沈阳故宫设在沈阳“井”字形大街的中心，分为三部分：东路为努尔哈赤时期建造的大政殿与十王亭。中路为清太宗时期建造的大中阙。西路是乾隆时期增建的文溯阁等。

现在就让我们从东路开始游览吧！

东路的大政殿是一座八角重檐亭式建筑。正门有两根盘龙柱，以示庄严。大政殿用于举行大典。十王亭则是左右翼王和八旗大臣办事的地方。

各位游客，现在我们来到了中路。中路的大中阙包括大清门、崇政殿、凤凰楼以及清宁宫、关睢宫、衍庆宫、庄福宫等。崇政殿俗称“金銮殿”，全是木结构，五间九檀硬山式，辟有隔扇门，前后出廊，围以石雕的栏杆，此殿是清太宗日常临朝处理要务的地方。

各位游客，现在我们来到了西路。西路是以文溯阁为主体，前有戏台、扮戏房、嘉荫堂，后有仰熙斋、九间殿。文溯阁是六间二楼三层硬山式建筑，是专为存清代百科全书而建的。

沈阳故宫博物院不仅是古代宫殿建筑群，还收藏了大量宫廷文物。

好了，先说这些，请大家细细欣赏。

大家好!我是你们的导游—田导游。今天我会带大家参观国家五A级景区—北京故宫。

北京故宫旧称紫禁城。紫禁城面积约为七十二万平方米，建筑面积约为十五万平方米。有大小宫殿七十多座，房屋有九千余间，是世界上面积最大的木质建筑之一呢。紫禁城由一四零六年开始建造，到一四二零建成，共十六年才建成。

我们现在来到的是寿康宫，位于内廷外西路，慈宁宫西侧。寿康宫为清代太皇太后，皇太后居住，太妃居于此，皇帝每隔两三日到此行问安礼。

接下来请大家跟着我到太和殿。太和殿又称金銮殿，在故宫的中心位置，是故宫三大殿之一。太和殿建在高约5米的汉白玉台基上面。台基四周矗立着成排的雕栏称为望柱，柱头头上雕刻着云龙云凤的图案，前后各有三座石阶，中间的石阶上雕有蟠龙，衬托着海浪和流云的“御路”。太和殿红墙黄瓦、朱楹金肩，在阳光下金碧辉煌，是中国最大的木构殿宇。

各位游客，这样气魄雄伟的建筑在世界历史上是一个伟大的奇迹，紫禁城已经被列入了《世界遗产名录》。接下的时间请大家自由观赏，六十分钟后在这里来集合。请各位旅客不要乱涂乱画，也不要乱丢垃圾。请各位家长朋友看好自己的小孩，不要让孩子攀爬假山、破坏文物，折断花草。

啊!没想到这么快就要与大家说再见了，如果有朋友还来参观北京故宫，下次还来找我哦!希望大家在回家的途中注意安全，再见!

故宫英文导游词

forbidden city(紫禁城)

(in front of the meridian gate)

ladies and gentlemen:

i am pleased to serve as your guide today.

this is the palace museum; also know as the purple forbidden city. it is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence in china today. under ming emperor yongle, construction began in 1406. it took 14years to build the forbidden city. the first ruler who actually lived here was ming emperor zhudi. for five centuries thereafter, it continued to be the residence of23 successive emperors until 1911 when qing emperor puyi was forced to abdicate the throne .in 1987, the united nations educational, scientific and cultural organization recognized the forbidden city was a world cultural legacy.

it is believed that the palace museum, or zi jin cheng (purple forbidden city), got its name from astronomy folklore, the ancient astronomers divided the constellations into groups and centered them around the ziwei yuan(north star). the constellation containing the north star was called the constellation of heavenly god and star itself was called the purple palace. because the emperor was supposedly the son of the heavenly gods, his central and dominant position would be further highlighted the use of the word purple in the name of his residence. in folklore, the term ”an eastern purple cloud is drifting” became a metaphor for auspicious events after a purple cloud was seen drifting eastward immediately before the arrival of an ancient philosopher, laozi, to the hanghu pass. here, purple is associated with auspicious developments. the word jin (forbidden) is self-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-limits to ordinary people.

the red and yellow used on the palace walls and roofs are also symbolic. red represents happiness, good fortune and wealth. yellow is the color of the earth on the loess plateau, the original home of the chinese people. yellow became an imperial color during the tang dynasty, when only members of the royal family were allowed to wear it and use it in their architecture.

the forbidden city is rectangular in shape. it is 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meter wide from east west. it has 9,900 rooms under a total roof area 150,000 square meters .a 52-meter-wide-moat encircles a 9.9-meter—high wall which encloses the complex. octagon —shaped turrets rest on the four corners of the wall. there are four entrances into the city: the meridian gate to the south, the shenwu gate(gate of military prowess) to the north, and the xihua gate(gate of military prowess) to the north, and the xihua gate(western flowery gate )to the west ,the donghua (eastern flowery gate) to the east.

manpower and materials throughout the country were used to build the forbidden city. a total of 230,000 artisans and one million laborers were employed. marble was quarried from fangshan country mount pan in jixian county in hebei province. granite was quarried in quyang county in hebei province. paving blocks were fired in kilns in suzhou in southern china. bricks and scarlet pigmentation used on the palatial walls came from linqing in shandong province .timber was cut ,processed and hauled from the northwestern and southern regions.

the structure in front of us is the meridian gate. it is the main entrance to the forbidden city. it is also knows as wufenglou(five-phoenix tower). ming emperors held lavish banquets here on the 15th day of the first month of the chinese lunar year in hornor of their counties .they also used this place for punishing officals by flogging them with sticks.

qing emperors used this building to announce the beginning of the new year. qing emperor qianglong changed the original name of this announcement ceremony from ban li(announcement of calendar)to ban shou(announcement of new moon )to avoid coincidental association with another emperor` s name, hongli, which was considered a taboo at that time. qing dynasty emperors also used this place to hold audience and for other important ceremonies. for example,when the imperial army returned victoriously from the battlefield ,it was here that the emperor presided over the ceremony to accept prisoners of war.

(after entering the meridian gate and standing in front of the five marble bridges on golden water river)

now we are inside the forbidden city.before we start our tour, i would like to briefly introduce you to the architectural patterns befour us .to complete this solemn, magnificent and palatial complex, a variety of buildings were arranged on a north-south axis, and 8-kilometer-long invisible line that has become an inseparable part of the city of beijing. the forbidden city covers roughly one –third of this central axis. most of the important building in the forbidden city weree arranged along this line. the design and arrangement of the palaces reflect the solemn dignity of the royal court and rigidly –stratified feudal system.

the forbidden city is divided into an outer and an inner count.we are now standing on the southernmost part of the outer count. in front of us lies the gate of supreme harmony .the gate is guarded by a pair of bronze lions ,symbolizing imperial power and dignity. the lions were the most exquisite and biggest of its kind. the one on the east playing with a ball is a male, and ball is said to represent state unity. the other one is a female. underneath one of its fore claws is a cub that is considered to be a symbol of perpetual imperial succession. the winding brook before us is the golden water river. it functions both as decoration and fire control .the five bridges spanning the river represent the five virtues preached by confucius :benevolence, righteousness, rites, intellence and fidelity. the river takes the shape of a bow and the north-south axis is its arrow. this was meant to show that the emperors ruled the country on behalf of god.

(in front of the gate of supreme harmony)

the forbidden city consists of an outer countyard and an inner enclosure. the out count yard covers a vast space lying between the meridian gate and the gate of heavenly purity. the “three big halls” of supreme harmony, complete harmony and preserving harmony constitute the center of this building group. flanking them in bilateral symmetry are two groups of palaces: wenhua (prominent scholars) and wuying (brave warriors) . the three great halls are built on a spacious “h”-shaped, 8-meter-high, triple marble terrace, each level of the triple terrace is taller than the on below and all are encircled by marble balustrades carved with dragon and phoenix designs. there are three carved stone staircases linking the three architectures .the hall of supreme harmony is also the tallest and most exquisite ancient wooden-structured mansion in all of china. from the palace of heavenly purith northward is what is known as the inner court, which is also built in bilaterally symmetrical patterns. in the center are the palace of heavenly purity, the hall of union and peace and palace of earthly tranquility, a place where the emperors lived with their families and attended to state affairs. flanking these structures are palaces and halls in which concubines and princes lived. there are also three botanical gardens within the inner count, namely, the imperial garden, caning garden and quailing garden. an inner golden water river flows eastwardly within the inner court. the brook winds through three minor halls or palaces and leads out of the forbidden city. it is spanned by the white jade bridge. the river is lined with winding, marble –carved balustrades. most of the structures within the forbidden city have yellow glazed tile roofs.

aside from giving prominence to the north-south axis, other architectural methods were applied to make every group of palatial structures unique in terms of terraces, roofs, mythical monsters perching on the roofs and colored, drawing patterns. with these, the grand contour and different hierarchic spectrum of the complex were strengthened. folklore has it that there are altogether 9,999 room-units in the forbidden city. since paradise only has 10,000 rooms, the son of heaven on earth cut the number by half a room. it is also rumoured that this half –room is located to the west of the wenyuange pavilion (imperial library). as a matter of fact, although the forbidden city has more than 9,000 room-units, this half-room is nonexistent .the wenyuange pavilion is a library where “si ku quan shu”- china `s first comprehensive anthology-was stored.

(after walking past the gate of supreme harmony)

ladies and gentlemen, the great hall we are approaching is the hall of supreme harmony, the biggest and tallest of its king in the forbidden city. this structure covers a total building space of 2,377 square meters, and is know for its upturned, multiple counterpart eaves . the hall of supreme harmony sits on a triple “h”-shaped marble terrace the is 8meters high and linked by staircases. the staircase on the ground floor has 21 steps while the middle and upper stairways each have 9.

the construction of the hall of supreme harmony began in 1406. it burned down three times and was severely damaged once during a mutiny. the existing architecture was built during the qing dynasty. on the corners of the eaves a line of animal-nails were usually fastened to the tiles. these animal-nails were later replace with mythical animals to ward off evil spirits. there are altogether 9 such fasteners on top of this hall. the number nine was regarded by the ancients to be the largest numeral accessible to man and to which only the emperors were entitled.

there was a total of 24 successive emperors during the ming and qing dynasties who were enthroned here. the ball was also used for ceremonies which marked other great occasions: the winter solstice, the chinese lunar new year, the emperor` s birthday, conferral of the title of empress, the announcement of new laws and policies, and dispatches of generals to war .on such occasions, the emperor would hold audience for his court officials and receive their tributes.

this area is called the hall of supreme harmony square, which covers a total of 30,000 square meters, without a single tree or plant growing here, this place inspires visitors to feel its solemnity and grandeur. in the middle of the square there is a carriageway that was reserved for the emperor. on both sides of the road the groud bricks were laid in a special way seven layers lengthwise and eight layers crosswise, making up fifteen layers in all. the purpose of this was to prevent anyone from tunneling his way into the palace. in the count yard there are iron vats for storing water to fight fires. in the whole complex there are altogher 308 water vats. in wintertime, charcoal was burned underneath the vats to keep the water from freezing .why so vast a square? it was designed to impress people with the hall` s grandeur and vastness. imagine the following scene. under the clear blue sky, the yellow glazed tiles shimmered as the cloud-like layers of terrace, coupled with the curling veil of burning incense, transformed the hall of supreme harmony into a fairyland. whenever major ceremonies were held, the glazed, crane-shaped candleholders inside the hall would be it, and incense and pine branches burnt in front of the hall. when the emperor appeared, drums were beaten and musical instrument played. civilian officials and generals would kneel know in submission.

the last qing emperor puyi assumed the throne in 1908, at the age of three, his father carried him to the throne. at the start of the coronation, the sudden drum-beating and loud music caught the young emperor unprepared .he was so scared that he kept crying and shouting,”i don’t want to stay here. i want to go home.” his father tried to soothe him, saying, ”it` all soon be finished .it` all soon be finished ”the ministers present at the event considered this incident inauspicious. coincidentally, the qing dynasty collapsed three years later and there with concluded china `s feudal system that had lasted for more than 2,000 years.

(on the stone terrace of the hall of supreme harmony)

this is a bronze incense burner. in it incense made of sandalwood would be burnt on important occasions. there are altogether 18 incense burners, representing all of the provinces under the rule of the sing monarchs. on either side of the hall, 4 bronze water-filled vats were placed in case of fire. next to the terrace on either side, there is a bronze crane and tortoise, symbols of longevity. this copper-cast grain measure is called ”jialiang.” it served as the national standard during the qing dynasty. it was meant to show that the imperial ruler were just and open to rectification. on the other side there is a stone sundial, an ancient timepiece. the jialiang and the sundial were probably meant to show what the emperor represented: that he was the only person who should possess the standards of both measure and time.

in the very forefront of the hall of supreme harmony , there are 12 scarlet , round pillars supporting the roof. the hall is 63 meters from east to west and 37 meters from north to south, it is 35 meters in height. in front of this architechture, there stands a triple terrace with five staircases leading up to the main entrance .it has 40 gold doors and 16 gold-key windows with colored drawings on the pillars and beams. in the middle of the hall, a throune carved with 9 dragons sits on a 2-meter-high platform. behind the throne there is a golden screen and in front of it, there is a imperial desk . the flanks are decorated with elephants, luduan(a legendary beast), cranes, and incense barrels. the elephant carries a vase on its back that holds five cereals(i. e. rice, two kinds of millet, wheat and beans),which was considered a symbol of prosperity. as ancient legend has it that luduan can travel 18,000 li (9,000 kilometers )in one day and knows all languages and dialects. only to a wise adjust monarch will this beast be a guardian.

the hall of supreme harmony is also popularly known as jinluan dian (gold bell hall or the throne hall). the floor of the hall is laid with bricks that turn it into a smooth, fine surface as if water has been sprinkled on it .the so-called golden brick, in fact, has nothing to do with gold. reserved exclusively for the construction of the royal court, it was made in a secretive, and complex way, and, when struck, sounds like the clink of a gold bar. each brick was worth the market price of one dan (or one hectoliter ) of rice.

the hall is supported by a total of 72 thick pillars .of these, 6 are carved in dragon patterns and painted with gold and surround the throne. above the very center of this hall there is a zaojing, or covered ceiling, which is one of the specialities of china `s ancient architure. in the middle of the ceiling is a design of a dragon playing with a ball inlaid with peals. this copper ball, hollow inside and covered with mercury, is known as the xuanyuan mirror and is thought to be made xuanyuan, a legendary monarch dating back to remote antiquity. the placing of the caisson above the throne is meant to suggest that all of china` s successive emperors are zuanyuan` s descendants and hereditary heirs. now you might have noticed that the xuanyuan mirror is not directly above the throne. why? it is rumored that yuan shikai, a self-acclaimed warlord-turned emperor moved the throne further back because he was afraid that the mirror might fall on him .in 1916 when yuan shikai became emperor, he removed the original throne with a western-style, high-back chair. after the foundation of the people` s republic of china in 1949 the throne was found in a shabby furniture warehouse. it repaired and returned to the hall.

(leading the tourist to the bronze vats either on the east or the west)

the water vats in front of the palaces or house were called “menhai,” or sea before the door by the ancient chinese. they believed that with a sea by the door, fire could not wreak havoc. the vats served both as a decoration and as a fire extinguisher. they were kept full of water all year round.

during the qing dynasty, they were altogether 308 vats in the palace enclosure. they were made of gilt bronze or iron. of couse, the gilt bronze vats were of the best quality. when the allied forces (britain, germany, france, russia, the united states, italy, japan and austria) invaded beijing in 1900 under the pretext of suppressing the boxer rebellion, the invaders ransacked the imperial compound and scraped and gold off the vats with their bayonets. during the japanese occupation of beijing, many vats were trucked away by the japanese to be made into bullets .

(in front of the hall of complete harmony)

the square architecture before us is called the hall of complete harmony. it served as an antechamber. the emperor came here to meet with his countiers and add his final touches to the prayers which would be read at the ancestral temple. the seeds, snowers and prayer intended for spring sowing were also examined here. the two qing sedan chairs here on display were used for traveling within the palace during the reign of emperor qianlong.

(in front of the hall f preserving harmony)

this is the hall of preserving harmony. during the qing dynasty, banquets were held here on new year` s eve in honour of mongolian and northwestern china` s xingjiang princes and ranking officials. the emperor also dinned here with his new son-in-law on the wedding day. imperial examinations were also held here once every three years. during the ming and qing dynasties, there were three levels of exams: the county and prefectural level, the provincial level and national level. the national exam was presided over by the emperor. the civil service exam in ancient china started during the han dynasty. it served the purpose of recruiting confucian scholars to the ministers and high officials. during the tang and qing dynasties reinstituted and ancient system. once every three years, three hundred scholars from all over the country came to beijing and took exams for three day and night. this system was abolished in 1905.

(behind the hall of preserving harmony)

this is the largest stone carving in the palace . it is 16.73 meters long, 3.07 meters wide and 1.7 meters thick .it weighs about 200 tons. the block was quarried in fangshan county, roughly 70 kilometers away. to transport such a huge block to beijing, laborers dug wells along the roadside half a kilometer apart, and used the groundwater to make a road of ice in the winter. rolling blocks were used in the summer. in 1760, emperor qianlong of the qing dynasty ordered the carving of the existing cloud and dragon design in place of the old one which dated back to the ming dynasty.

note : from here, the tour can be conducted via three different routes: a western route(route a), a central route (route b) or an eastern route (route c) .the commentary for each follows.

route a

ladies and gentlemen:

you have seen the three main halls of the forbidden city. now i ` d like to show you around the hall of mental cultivation and the imperial garden . the hall of mental cultivation is situated is in the western part of the innermost enclosure and is symmetrical to fengxian (enshrinement of forebears) hall in the east. this hall was built during the ming dynasty. it is a h-shaped structure consisting of an antechamber and a main building .the hall is surrounded by corridors. in front of the hall is the office of privy council.

before emperor kangxi of qing the dynasty came to power the hall of heavenly purity served as the living quarter of the emperors. emperor yongzheng chose to live in this hall and attended to every day state affairs from here .for the sake of protecting cultural relics, this hall is not open to the public .you can have a look at the inside from the door. the central hall was the audience chamber where the emperor read memorials, granted audience to officials and summoned his minsters for consultation. the western chamber of the hall was where the emperor read reports and discussed military and political affairs. the hall consists of many inner rooms and is decorated with images of buddha and miniature pagodas. on the screen wall there hangs a picture of two emperors in the han costume. in a southern room there three rare calligraphic scrolls, hence the name of the room “sanxitang” (room of three rare treasures) . the room on the eastern side is of historical interst because it was here that empress dowager cixi usurped power and made decisions on behalf of the young emperor . a bamboo curtain was used to separate them .

empress dowage cixi was born in 1835 in lu` an prefecture of shanxi province. she` s of manchurian nationality and her father was a provincial governor from south china. when she was 17 years old ,she was selected to become a concubine of emperor xianfeng and moved into the forbidden city. she gave birth to a son when she was 21years old and was made a concubine the following year. when the emperor passed away in the summer of 1861, her son ascended the throne and title of cixi, meaning “holy mother” was conferred upon her and she became the empress dowager. in that same year empress dowager cixi carried out a count coup d` etat and ruled behind the scenes with another empress dowager, ci` an, for 48 years. she passed away in 1908 at the age of 73. it was in reference to this situation that the term “attending to state affairs behind a bamboo curtain” developed .in 1912 , empress dowager longyu declared the abdication of the last qing emperor puyi. they were allowed to remain in the forbidden city for the next 13 years .the royal family was forced to move out permanently in 1924.

behind the central hall were the living accommodation of 8 successive qing emperors .three of them actually passed away here. the side rooms flanking the hall were reserved for empresses and concubines. now let` s continue with our tour. it will take us to the hall of heavenly purity , the hall of union and peace ,the palace of earthly tranquility, and the imperial garden.

route b

(inside the hall of heavenly purity)

ladies and gentlemen:

we are now entering the inner court. from the gate of heavenly purity northward lies the inner court where the emperors and empresses once lived .the hall of heavenly purity is the central hall of the inner court ,and was completed during the reign of emperor yongle of the ming dynasty. there are 10 pillars supporting the entire structure and the hall is 20 meters in height .in the center of the hall there a throne. above it hangs a plaque with an inscription that reads “be open and above-board,” written by shenzhi,the first emperor of the qing dynasty. beginning with qianlong` s reign, the name of the successor to the throne was not publicly announced .instead, it was written on two pieces of paper, one to be kept on the emperor` s person throughout his reign, and the other placed in a small strongbox that was stored behind his plaque. the box was opened only after the emperor passed away. altogether there where 4 emperors who ascended the throne in this way, namely qianlong, jiaqing, daohuang and xian feng.

the hall of heavenly purity was where the emperors lived during the ming and qing dynasties. according to tradition ,extravagant annual banquets were held here on new year` s eve in honour of royal family members. foreign ambassadors were received here during the late-qing period. two important “one thousand old men` s feasts” of the qing dynasty were also held here. all the invitees had to be at least 65 years of age.

this hall was also used for mourning services.

(inside the palace of union and peace)

this hall sits between the hall of heavenly purity and the palace of earthly tranquility, symbolizing the union of heaven and earth ,as well as national peace .it was first built in 1420 and reconstructed in 1798. the hall is square in shape ,and is smaller than the hall of complete harmony .you will see a plaque here inscribed with two chinese characters, wu wei, which were handwritten by emperor qianglong. a throne sits in the middle of the hall with a screen behind it .above the throne there hangs a caisson ,or covered ceiling. the emperor held birthday celebrations and other major events here.

in 1748 during emperor qianlong` s reign, 25 jade seals representing imperial authority were kept in this hall .no seals were allowed out of the room without the prior consent of the emperor. on each flack there is a water clock and a chiming clock.

(inside the palace of earthly tranquility)

this used to be the central hall where successive ming empresses lived. during the qing dynasty, it was converted into a place where sacrifices and wedding ceremonies were held .the room on the western side was used for sacrifices and the room on the east was the seeding chamber.

route c

ladies and gentlemen:

you have seen the three main halls of the forbidden city. now i` d like to show you around scenes of interest along the eastern route. the first is the treasure hall. this mansion is called the hall of imperial zenith. this is where sing emperor quailing lived after abdication. nearly 1,000 artifacts and treasures are on display here, among which the golden hair tower is one of the most famous. this tower is 1.53meters in height and its base is 0.53 meters in circumference .it was built under the order of emperor quailing to be used to collect fallen hair in commemoration of his mother. there is also a “day harnessing water jade hill ” on display here. yu was a legendary monarch of the remote ixia dynasty. under his leadership, the people learned how to harness the yellow river. this jade assemblage, 224 centimeters in height and 5 tons in weight, is the largest jade artwork in china. this mat was woven with peeled ivory. these artifacts are among china` s rarest treasures.

(in front of the nine-dragon screen)

this is the nine-dragon relief screen .erected in 1773,it is 3.5 meters in height and 29.4 meters in width. underneath is a foundation made of marble .the surface of the screen is laid with a total of 270 colored, glazed tiles in the design of 9 dragons ,some rocky mountains ,clouds and the sea. it was meant to ward off evil spirits the ancient chinese regarded 9 dragons, some rocky mountains, clouds and the sea. it was meant to ward off evil spirits .the ancient chinese regarded 9 as the largest numeral and the dragon as a auspicious beast .the 9 dragons are different in color and posture and all are made of glazed tiles. interestingly a piece of the third dragon from the left is made of wood. it is believe that when the nine-dragon screen was almost finished ,a piece of glazed tile was damaged .emperor qianlong was scheduled to inspect the work the following day .using quick wits, the craftsman in question molded the missing piece with clay and sailed through the imperial inspection. later ,he asked a carpenter to carve a wooden one to replace the one made of clay.

(approaching the imperial garden)

behind the palace of earthly tranquility and trading the north-south axis is the imperial garden. there are old trees, rare flowers and exotic rock formation in this garden .it cover a space of 11,700 square meters, or roughly 1.7 percent of the forbidden city. most of the structures in the garden are symmetrically arranged . however, each is different in terms of parrern and decoration. woods clumps of bamboo screen off the garden and strengthens its deep and serene atmosphere.

there main structure of the imperial garden is the qin` an hall. positioned in the central-northern part of the garden ,this hall is flanked by other halls and pavilions on the east and west. the hall sits on a marble pedestal. the taoist deity of zhenwu is enshrined here and emperor would pay homage here a quarterly basis. taoist rites were held during the reign of emperor jiajing of the ming dynasty. in front of the hall there is a cypress that is 400 years old .in all there are a dozen such rare trees in the garden, and most of them are cypresses or pines. to the northwest of the hall , there is the yanhui(sustaining sunshine) pavilion and to the northeast there lies the duixiu (accumulated refinement )hill. this hill was built over the foundation of the long- pershed guanhua (admiring flowers) hall of the ming dynasty. it is 14 meters in height and made of al kinds of rocks quarried in jiang su province. at its base stand two nstone lions, each carrying a dragon shooting water 10 meters up into the air from its mouth. there are meandering paths leading to the hilltop. at the top of duixiu hill sits the yujing (imperial viewing)pavilion. traditionally, on the day of the double ninth festival (the ninth day of the ninth lunar month ), the emperor ,his consort, and his concubines would climb up to yujing pavilion to enjoy the scenery.

at the southeastern corner of the garden is jiangxue(crimson snowy) verandah. nearby to the southwest lies yangxing study (study of the cultivation of nature) .the yangxing study was used as a royal library during the reign of emperor qianlong of the qing dynasty. the last emperor of the qing dynasty, puyi once studied english there. in front of the jiangxue verandah some chinese flowering crabapples grow. the structure got its name from the crabapples who blossoms trun from crimson to snowy white. in front of the verandah, there grows a rare flower that was brought from henna province under the order of empress dowager cixi. in the northest is chizao tang (hall of using flowery language), once used as a library where rare books were stored.

there are also specific pavilions symbolizing the four seasons .the halls of wanchun and qianqiu ,representing spring and autumn respectively ,are square in shape and are coupled with multiple eaves and bell-shape and are coupled with multiple eaves and bell-shaped ridges. the halls of chengrui and fubi,dedecated to winter and summer, are characterized by two verandahs and bridges at their bases .paths were paved with colorful pebbles and arranged in 900 different designs.

the imperial garden can be accessed through the qiong yuan (jade garden )west gate or the qiong yuan east gate. a third gate, the shunzhen(obedience and fidelity)gate, opens to the north. its doors are laid in glazed tiles and it was only used by the empress or concubines.

as our tour of the forbidden city draws to a close, i hope that i have helped you understand why the palace is a treasure of china and one of the cultural relics of the world. it is under the strict protection of the chinese government. since 1949 when the people` s rupublic of china was founded, nearly one trillion rmb was spent on its restoration and refurbishment. the forbidden city has undergone four major facelifts to date. each year, the government earmarks a large sum to gather, sort and study cultural relics. the palace now contains a total of 930,000cultural relics. well, so much for today .let` s go to reboard the coach. thank you !

大家好，我是本次游览故宫的小导游，大家在游览时要注意安全，爱护环境，不乱丢垃圾。

我们先进入的是午门，首先映入眼帘的是白色的金水桥，它全部是用汉白玉做成。接着就来到了太和门，一一走过，就来到了整个故宫最大的、等级最高的，也是最重要的宫殿——太和殿。它修筑得非常宏伟。它高29。92米，宽37米，长64米，是以前皇上办公的地方。大家往太和殿屋檐上看，是不是站立着形态各异的动物雕像。这些动物叫神兽，而且数量都是奇数，最小是五，最大是九，用来表示等级与地位。可是这里却有十个神兽，这是为什么呢?原来太和殿曾遭三次雷劈，都被大火烧光了，重修三次。

后来的皇上为了祈求太和殿不再被雷公劈到，于是就在九个神兽里又添加了一个神兽——“雷公”，这样就让太和殿成为了一个上下五千年里惟一一个拥有十个神兽的古建筑。继续走，过了中和殿、保和殿、乾清门，就到了皇上睡觉的地方——乾清宫。皇上如果要安心养神，可过交泰殿、坤宁宫，去御花园休心养神。这里植被繁多，假山、水流，空气清新，是理想的休养所。

过了御花园，我们就出了神武门，故宫游览就结束了。祝大家玩得开心，以后再来故宫游览!

各位，现在我介绍一下故宫的后半部分，即“后寝”。说通俗些，就是皇帝后妃及其未成年子女生活居住的地方。整个“后寝”分为五大部分，即中路、东路、西路、外东路及外西路，下面我分别给大家讲一讲它们各自的作用。中路上分布着最主要的建筑，有皇帝住的乾清宫，存放玉玺的交泰殿，皇后住的坤宁宫。东路、西路是皇帝的三宫六院居住的地方。外东路是为退休的皇帝修建、用以颐养天年的地方。外西路俗称寡妇院，是已故皇帝的后妃们养老的地方。

在乾清门左右，东西宫门之前各有一组建筑，东侧为奉先殿，是故宫内供奉祖先的地方，西侧为养心殿，清代自雍正后，帝王们都迁到养心殿居住，它是晚清故宫中最重要的宫殿，历史上的垂帘听政就发生在养心殿的东暖阁。过一会儿，我们就去参观，下面请各位欣赏故宫内最大的云龙石雕。

(在保和殿后云龙石雕处)

各位请看，这是故宫中最大的石雕，这块大石头重250吨，是从距紫禁城90公里外的北京房山运来的。在冬天人们就在沿途挖井，拔水成冰，把石头放在冰上拖拉，要是在其它季节就在大石头下面铺上滚木，然后再用数百人一起拉，运到这里后再加以精雕细琢才雕成了我们看到的精美作品。

(乾清门前)

各位回想一下，我们在参观过程中看到了很多对狮子，在天安门前，在太和门前，现在又见到一对，那么古人为什么要在门口摆狮子呢?把狮子放在门口有避邪之意，同时又象征着皇家的威严。那么各位猜猜看哪只是雄狮，哪只是雌狮呢?其实很容易判断。这位足下踩球，准备发点球的球星自然是雄狮;那位看着小狮子的母亲自然是雌狮。您瞧她的头偏向中路，好象在关注重着这个点球，会不会进……刚才跟大家开个玩笑，其实这雄狮脚下的球象征寰宇，即皇帝掌握着天下的命脉。雌狮脚下的小狮子象征皇帝子嗣兴旺，相传万代，后继有人。

乾清门内是清代帝王御门听政的地方，自康熙皇帝沿习至咸丰皇帝。后来，“御门听政”就变成“垂帘听政”了。

在乾清门之西有一排连房，那就是清朝大名鼎鼎的军机处，清朝的很多重要决策都出自军机处，皇帝在此与军机大臣共商国事，建筑虽不起眼，但地位显赫，相当于今天的国务院兼。

亲爱的游客们：

大家好!我是来自环球旅行社的金牌导游——齐浩然，大家可以叫我“小齐”。这次的故宫之旅就由我来带领大家参观。(开门见山开头，直接引出下文，很好!)

好,客车马上就要启动了,我先给大家个绍一下故宫的历史背景。故宫是北京市中心的一座城之城，又叫紫禁城。这是明清两代的.皇宫，是我国现存的最大最完整的古代宫殿建筑群，有近六百年历史了......(背景介绍，过渡，使文章富有内涵!)

到站了,各位游客跟着我走,不要跟丢哦!紫禁城墙有十米多高，有四座城门：南边午门，北边神武门，东西两边分别是东华门和西华门。大家继续向里走，我们沿着这条笔直

的大道行走，就会来到午门前。来,大家看，这就是“午门”。午门俗称“五凤楼”，是紫禁城的正门，往里走是一个宽阔的广场，这条弯弯的小河就像是一条玉带横贯东西，河上有五座精美的汉白玉石桥。桥的北面是太和门。对，就是这位游客指的北方，那里有一对威武的铜狮子守卫在门的两侧。

再往里走，就会看到太和殿、中和殿、保和殿、乾清宫、交泰殿等。在这里我就不过多介绍。接下来是自由活动时间，大家一定要保护好故宫里的环境，不能乱扔垃圾，留下不好的印象。

半天的旅行快结束了，我相信，大家一定有了不同的感觉，(感受)想必中华文明的璀璨历史，一定会给大家留下难以磨灭的印象!

在这里，我也衷心祝愿大家身体健康，万事如意，期待咱们下次再见!

各位游客你们好，这次由我带领你们去北京故宫，我叫孔繁鹭，期望我能带给大家最好的服务。可是此刻我要提几点要求：1。要保管好自我的贵重物品;2。如果迷路，请立刻给我打电话不要离开;3。必须要保护环境。好了，我的要求提完了，请您自觉遵守，多谢合作!

首先我给大家做一简要介绍，故宫位于北京中心，旧称紫禁城，是明、清两代的皇宫，是当今世界现存规模最大、最雄伟、保存最完整的古代宫殿。至少已有近580年历史了。故宫规模宏大，东西宽为753米，南北长达961米，总占地面积达72万平方米，大约一共有一万间宫室。

各位游客，此刻展此刻我们眼前的就是气势雄伟的古代宫殿故宫。大家看着四面就是宫墙，四周都是高大的城门，南为午门，北为神武门，东为东华门，西为西华门。

此刻请大家跟我一齐去故宫中最大的宫殿太和殿看看吧!那里是皇帝上朝的地方，再看那边，中间的是汉白玉雕刻的“双龙戏珠”，两边是汉白玉台阶;台阶的左边是一只乌龟，右边是一只仙鹤，这象征着延年益寿。

我再给大家介绍介绍其他殿吧!此刻我们来到了中和殿，中和殿是为帝王去太和殿途中学礼仪之地，保和殿呢它是由多根红色巨柱支撑着，每根柱上都刻着一条栩栩如生的巨龙，十分壮观，我们再来看看文华殿吧!他是明代皇太子的读书处。乾清门是故宫中外朝和内延的分界处，由此向北就是延。

好了，这次游览结束，期望你们再次观赏我国的其它景物并且祝你们玩的愉快!

沈阳故宫是清代的开创者努尔哈赤和皇太极建造使用的宫殿，始建于1620xx年，其占地面积为6.7万平方米，共有建筑100余座500余间。坐落在沈阳古城中心的沈阳故宫占地6万多平方米，宫内建筑物保存完好，是我国仅存的两大宫殿建筑群之一。它的规模比占地72万平方米的北京故宫要小得多，但是，它在建筑上有自己的特色，现在是沈阳重要的游览点。沈阳故宫始建于后金天命十年(1625)，历时20xx年，至清崇德元年(1636)基本建成。

沈阳故宫大政殿

大政殿是一座八角重檐亭式建筑，俗称八角殿。始建于1620xx年，是清太祖努尔哈赤营建的重要宫殿，是盛京皇宫内最庄严最神圣的地方。初称大衙门，1636定名笃恭殿，后改大政殿。八角重檐攒尖式，八面出廊，其下为须弥座台基。殿顶满铺黄琉璃瓦，镶绿剪边，正中相轮火焰珠顶，宝顶周围有八条铁链各与力士相连。

沈阳故宫崇政殿

崇政殿在中路前院正中，俗称“金銮殿”，是沈阳故宫最重要的建筑。整座大殿全是木结构，面阔五间进深三间。前后出廊硬山式，辟有隔扇门，前后出廊，围以石雕的栏杆。殿顶铺黄琉璃瓦，镶绿剪边，正脊饰五彩琉璃龙纹及火焰珠。殿身的廊柱是方形的，望柱下有吐水的螭首，顶盖黄琉璃瓦镶绿剪边。

大家好，欢迎大家来到故宫，很高兴能为大家服务，我是本次大家旅程的李导游，今天有我陪同大家共度这段美好的时光。

故宫建于1420xx年，1420xx年基本竣工，是明朝皇帝朱棣时建，现在请大家跟我一起去故宫中最大的宫殿太和殿看看。这里是明朝皇帝召见白宫发号施令举行庆典的地方，全殿面阔间，进深五间，外有廊柱，殿内外立着72根大柱，殿高35米，殿内净高达14米，宽63米，为全宫最大的木构大殿。

我们再来到中和殿，位于紫禁城太和殿之间。是皇帝去太和殿大典之前休息，幷接受执事官员朝拜的地方。

又玩了中和殿，我再带大家去参观保和殿，这座保和殿是清代的国宴厅及考举科场。大家都知道，乾隆身边有一位大臣叫刘墉，他就是在这保和殿考上状元的。

故宫的游览就到这里，对我今天的讲解还满意吗?欢迎您提出意见和建议，我深表感谢，最后我祝大家玩的开心。谢谢。

故宫是我国最大、最完整的皇宫，在世界上堪称最为壮丽的古代建筑群，己有近620xx年的历史。

故宫是我国明、清两代24个皇帝的皇宫，故宫的建筑布局分为外朝和内廷。外朝是皇帝举行大典和召见大臣的主要场所。其中建筑是太和殿、中和殿、保和殿这三大殿，文华殿和武英殿分立两侧。内廷是皇上处理日常政务和后宫嫔妃及幼年的皇子居住、游玩、奉神的地方。

故宫共有9000多间宫殿，雕梁画栋，殿宇辉煌，极尽华丽威严。故宫是我国古代建筑大师和能工巧匠非凡技术和丰富相象力的结晶。如：太和殿中有72根支柱，其中6根支柱是镀金的，上有金龙盘绕。透过栏杆往大殿里瞧，你们会瞧见大殿里金碧辉煌。宝座是镀金的，扶手是镀银的，4个香炉是用香木做的，真是富丽堂皇。太和殿后是中和殿，中和殿是皇帝休息的地方。最让你们惊叹的是保和殿后的一块石雕。石雕长16。57米，宽3。07米，厚1。7米，有200多吨重。上面雕着波涛汹涌的大海，腾云驾雾的飞龙。故宫真不愧为中国宝贵的文化遗产呀!

现在我给大家两个小时的自由参观时间。请大家面对我们祖先留下的这些文物时，要格外珍惜，小心，不要损坏，大家可以用照相机照下自己喜欢的部分。还有，除了照片，你什么也别带走，除了身影，你什么也别留下。

我们该回去了，希望大家喜欢北京，有机会再来北京参观其它20处文化遗产。

大家好，欢迎来到故宫参观，我姓陈，您们叫我陈导就行了。 我先给大家介绍一下故宫的概况，之后介绍太和殿、中和殿、保和殿、乾清宫、和。 故宫，又名紫禁城，是我国重要的历史保护文物，1987年被联合国教科文组织列入“世界文化遗产”名录。 紫禁城的由来有两种说法，第一种是依照中国古代星象学说：北极星在中天，故宫正好对着北极星，天人对应;第二种是：因为故宫是紫色的，又是禁城，所以故宫又称紫禁城。明代第三位皇帝朱棣开始营造这座宫殿，到明永乐十八年(1420年)落成。在之后五百多年里，共有24位皇帝在这里生活居住。 紫禁城周围有高10m的城墙和宽52m的护城河。城南北长961m，东西宽753m，占地面积达72万?。故宫建筑布局沿中轴线向两侧展开，宫殿建筑总面积达163,000?。 太和殿是皇上召集大臣上朝和商议国家大事的地方。自1420年建成后屡遭焚毁，又多次重建，今天看到的是清代康熙三十四年(1695年)重建的。太和殿建筑面积2377?，相当于50个教室，高35.05m，相当于10层楼那么高，为紫禁城内规模最大的殿宇。太和殿装饰十分豪华，殿内金砖铺地，设有宝座。说是金砖，可是金砖不是用金子做的，金砖是专供宫殿使用的一种高质量的铺地方砖，产自苏州、松江等地，选料精良，制作工艺复杂。因其质地坚细，敲起来发出金属般声音，故名金砖。 太和殿前有宽阔的平台，称为丹陛，俗称月台。月台上陈设日晷、嘉量各一，铜龟、铜鹤各一对，铜鼎18座。 大家往太和殿两侧看，是不是有很多个大水缸?它是干什么的呢，对了，是灭火的。大水缸的下面有一个凹槽，是因为冬天水会结冰，往凹槽里放火把就能不让水结冰。 太和殿是故宫里最总要重要的宫殿，许多历史决策都是从这里出去的。 太和殿后是中和殿，是皇上上朝前休息的地方。 保和殿位于中和殿后，是殿试的地方。考试的第一名叫状元，第二名称为磅眼，第三名是探花。不知皇帝端坐在上上面，考生是不是会紧张的发抖。皇帝把殿试安排在宫殿内，可见皇帝是多莫重视殿试。 故宫后半部分是皇帝和妃子们生活和居住的地方。乾清宫是后宫最大的宫殿，是皇上的寝宫。宫内宝座上方悬“正大光明”匾，据传皇帝把自己立的太子名字放在“正大光明”匾后，用这种方法确定皇位继承人，减少为争夺皇位自相惨杀。 坤宁宫是皇后的寝宫，它是唯一一座在中轴线上的妃子的寝宫，也是距离乾清宫最近的，体现了皇后在后宫中至高无上的地位，“一个成功男人的背后总有一个成功的女人”这句话在这里得到了印证。在坤宁宫前有个小的宫殿交泰殿，它是皇后在千秋节日收贺礼的地方。 我们参观的只是中轴线上的重要宫殿，中轴线的后面是御花园，两旁还有一些宫殿，前半部分是以太和殿为中心，后半部分是一些妃子和宫女的寝宫。 现在解说完毕，请大家自由参观。

各位游客，大家好。我是这次旅游的导游李。我很荣幸能够带领大家去故宫旅游。

现在展现在我们面前的就是气势雄伟的古代宫殿—故宫了。大家看这四面就是宫墙，而且宫墙四面都建有高大的城门，南为午门也就是故宫正门，北为神武门，东为东华门，西为西华门，这宫墙四“门”的角楼都是风格独特、造型绮丽的。

现在请跟我一起去故宫中最大的宫殿太和殿看看!这里是明、清皇帝召见百官、发号施令、举行庆典的地方。全殿面阔11间，进深5间，外有廊柱，殿内外共立72根大柱。殿高35米，殿内净空高达14米，宽63米，面积2377平方米，为全国最大的木构大殿。

我再给大家介绍介绍其他的宫殿吧!

现在我们来到了中和殿。中和殿是为帝王去太和殿途中的演习礼仪之地。保和殿，是皇帝宴请外藩王公贵族和京中文武大臣之处。我们再来看看文华殿。它是明代皇太子读书处。乾清门是故宫中外朝和内廷的分界处，由此向北便是内廷。乾清宫是明、清皇帝居住和处理政务的地方。慈宁宫就是皇上住的地方。你们看过《还珠格格》这部电视剧吗?它就是在故宫里拍的。

规划严整，气魄宏伟，极为壮观，这就是我国的故宫。无论在平面布局，立体效果以及形式上的雄伟、堂皇、庄严、和谐，都属无与伦比的杰作。它标志着我国悠久的文化传统，显示着500余年前我国在建筑艺术上的卓越成就。

现在大家可以自由参观，可是我要提醒大家一定要注意保持故宫环境。

正如到北京，不可不去故宫、长城，因为它们代表了首都的底蕴，皇城的根基。而到了上海，则不可不夜游黄浦江，因为夜幕下的黄浦江浓缩了这座城市骨子里的风情与浪漫。

夜幕渐渐降临，昏暗的天空中点缀着几颗星星。我乘着游船，徜徉在黄浦江中，凭栏远眺，只见黄浦江水由天际浩浩荡荡奔涌而来，浑浊的波涛正是其古老的印记。江水流经上海外滩，顺着堤岸勾勒出一条完美的弧线。一轮皎洁的明月从云层中探出头来，江面在夜风的抚摸下荡起层层波澜。月光将点点碎银嵌入江中，银光忽明忽暗，令人赏心悦目。加上凉风习习，实在是心旷神怡。

华灯初上，黄浦江西岸年代久远的万国建筑群熠熠生辉，一座座风格迥异、错落有致的建筑，仿佛正在演奏一曲雄浑的古典乐章。它们坐落在江边，犹如一位位饱经风雨洗礼的德高望重的老者，见证了上海百年的沧桑巨变。江东头，则是以东方明珠为代表的鳞次栉比的现代化建筑群。在霓虹灯的映照下，一座座晶莹剔透，形态各异的高楼大厦拔地而起，如擎天之柱直插云天。一个个身坚体固、年轻有力的钢铁巨人，正是浦东新区那日新月异、翻天覆地变化的结晶!这里，蕴藏着巨大的宝藏，等待着人们去挖掘……

不久，天空中忽然下起了蒙蒙细雨，江上漾起了千层涟漪。我站在甲板上，任江风吹乱发梢，吹皱衣襟，吹走旅途的劳顿，任细雨洗净身上的尘土，洗去心中的杂念。置身于如此良辰美景，细细聆听两岸建筑风情四溢的交响乐，我如同步入仙境般心醉神迷。若说摩天大楼展现了上海国际大都市的繁华，那么夜幕下的黄浦江则体现了上海这座城市无尽的风韵!

大家好，欢迎大家来到故宫，很高兴能为大家服务，我是本次大家旅程的李子昂，大家叫我李导就行，今今天有我陪同大家共度这段美好的时光。

故宫建于1420xx年，1420xx年基本竣工，是明朝皇帝朱棣时建，现在请大家跟我一起去故宫中最大的宫殿太和殿看看。这里是明朝皇帝召见白宫发号施令举行庆典的地方，全殿面阔间，进深五间，外有廊柱，殿内外立着72根大柱，殿高35米，殿内净高达14米，宽63米，为全宫最大的木构大殿。

我们再来到中和殿，位于紫禁城太和殿之间。是皇帝去太和殿大典之前休息，幷接受执事官员朝拜的地方。

又玩了中和殿，我再带大家去参观保和殿，这座保和殿是清代的国宴厅及考举科场。大家都知道，乾隆身边有一位大臣叫刘墉，他就是在这保和殿考上状元的。

故宫的游览就到这里，对我今天的讲解还满意吗?欢迎您提出意见和建议，我深表感谢，最后我祝大家玩的开心。谢谢。

大家好!我是本次游览团的导游，我叫汪尔康，为了方便记忆，大家也可以叫我小汪，将由我带领大家参观北京故宫。

故宫又名紫禁城，始建于公元1420xx年，1420xx年基本峻工，是明朝皇帝朱棣始建。故宫南北长961米，东西宽753米，建筑面积15.5万平方米。宫城周围环绕着高12米，长3400米的宫墙，形成为一长方形城池，墙外有52米宽的护城河环绕，形成一个森严壁垒的城堡。

故宫有4个门，正门名午门，东门名东华门，西门名西华门，北门名神武门。面对北门神武门，有用土、石筑成的景山，满山松柏成林。在整体布局上，景山可说是故宫建筑群的屏障。

现在我将带领大家一起游览乾清宫。请大家在游览过程中不要乱丢垃圾，随地吐痰，破坏公物。当然啦，请大家紧跟着我一起游览，千万别走散了啊。

现在我们到了乾清宫，乾清宫是皇帝处理日常政务，批阅各种奏章的地方，后来还在这里接见外国使节。乾清宫建筑规模为内廷之首，明朝的十四个皇帝和清朝的顺治、康熙两个皇帝，都以乾清宫为寝宫，在这里居位，平时也在这里处理日常政务。作为明代皇帝的寝宫，自永乐皇帝朱棣至崇祯皇帝朱由检，共有14位皇帝曾在此居住。据记载，嘉靖年间发生十余个宫女趁嘉靖帝熟睡之时，企图勒死的“寅宫变”后，世宗移居西苑，不敢回乾清宫住。

这里是坤宁宫，坤宁宫是北京故宫内廷后三宫之一，坤宁宫在交泰殿后面，始建于明朝永乐十八(1420xx年)，正德九年(1520xx年)、万历二十四年(1596年)两次毁二火，万历三十三年(1620xx年)重建。清朝沿袭明朝体制，于顺治二年(1645年)重修，十二年(1655年)仿照盛京沈阳清宁宫再次重修。嘉庆二年(1797年)乾清宫失火，延烧此殿前檐，三年重修。乾清宫代表阳性，坤宁宫代表阴性，以表示阴阳结合，天地合壁之意。

今天，我带家游览的任务结束了，谢谢大家对我的支持与信任。北京有许多名胜古迹，希望下次有机会和大家一起再去细细游览品赏。衷心祝愿大家北京游游愉快，生活美满幸福。

各位游客朋友们：

Dear visitors friends:

欢迎大家来到故宫，我是你们的导游——丫丫。

Welcome to the Palace Museum, I am your tour guide, ya ya.

相信大家都知道，故宫又名紫禁城。它是我国现存最完整的古代建筑。它总面积是72万左右，也是世界著名的艺术馆，其中很多文物是绝无仅有的国宝。

Believe we all know, the imperial palace and the Forbidden City. It is the most complete existing ancient buildings in China. Its total area is about 720xx0, is the world famous art museum, many cultural relics is a national treasure.

这是午门，是宫殿的正门。它的地位十分重要。许多重大的仪式都是在这里举行的。说道午门大家会想到“退出午门斩首”这句话。其实纯属误会。过去，皇上和大臣议政总有意见不同的时候。在明朝时就可以把触犯他的大臣拉到午门外用竹子打屁股，可不要小看这竹子，它是一种碗口粗的毛竹，里面还要灌上水银，具说是为了加大杀伤力，几仗下去就能皮开肉绽。被打的人不死也要终身残疾。这件恐怖的事情从皇宫传到民间，就逐渐变成“退出午门斩首”了

This is the meridian gate, is the main entrance of the palace. It is very important. Many great ceremony are held here. Meridian gate you will think of "exit the meridian gate beheaded" this sentence. It is a misunderstanding. In the past, the emperor and his ministers council always have different opinions. In the Ming dynasty can break his ministers to the meridian gate for external use bamboo to be spanked, dont look down upon this bamboo, it is a kind of bamboo wankou thick, inside irrigation on the mercury, even, in order to increase the damage, several wars can were raw. Be dozen deathless also want to permanently disabled. This horror from the palace to folk, it gradually became "exit the meridian gate beheaded"

怎么样?先不要激动，前面的美景正等着咱们呢!

? Dont be excited, first in front of the beautiful scenery waiting for us!

各位来自世界各地的游客们，大家好!欢迎来到北京故宫，我是小导游，很高兴能为大家服务，请朋友们跟随我游赏吧!

中国明清两代的皇宫，又称紫荆城。宫殿位于北京城中心。始建于明永乐四年至十八年，也就是现在的1406年至1420年。后来经过多个朝代的劳动人民细心修改，变得非常富丽堂皇，但仍然保持着原来的布局和规模，是世界上保存的最完整、规模最大的古代大构架宫殿建筑群。

这是故宫的历史，接下来我向大家介绍它的外观和排列顺序。

整座城设了四个门：南门正中面是午门，北边是神武门，东面是东华门，西面为西华门。四个门都建有重檐宫殿顶门楼。宫殿的四个角都还布有一些结构精巧、外观秀丽的角楼。外面的墙有10米多高呢!还有宽52米的护城河，够宽吧!整个建筑群按南北中间的中轴线为对称布局，层次分明，主次有序。

下面我们一起去看看皇帝的住所，那里可是井井有条。

文华殿，、武英殿是面阔九间的，但檐歇山顶建筑。文华殿是皇帝听大臣讲书的地方，武英殿是皇帝吃饭、居住和召见大臣的地方。后三宫、东西六宫、乾坤宫和坤宁宫直通御花园。乾坤宫和坤宁宫是内廷的正殿、正寝，是皇帝、太后和皇后的正式居住场所。平均面积宽九间。

前三殿是全宫最大的建筑群，占地面积达8.5万平方米。1961年被定为第一批中国重点文物保护单位，现已被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产。

今天的故宫观光游览就要结束了，在故宫的这段时光，希望能成为您北京之游中的永恒记忆!

游客朋友们大家好，首先欢迎大家的到来，我叫王格申，是你们的导游，大家能够叫我王导，年长的游客们也能够直接称呼我小王，好了，先给大家讲讲我们的行程，我们第一个要去的地方就是我们的沈阳故宫。

说道故宫，大家肯低昂想到的都是北京故宫，启示不用到北京也能看到故宫的，没错那就是沈阳故宫，沈阳故宫是我国仅存的两大宫殿建筑群之一，另外一个不用我多说大家就应都明白是哪一个了吧，沈阳故宫占地6万多平方米，宫内建筑物保存完好。

此刻大家就在沈阳故宫的门口，大家都看到了它的规模比占地72万平方米的北京故宫要小得多，但是，它在建筑上有自我的特色，这些就需要有颗朋友们自我去体会品味了，那里此刻是沈阳最重要的游览点。

沈阳故宫建于1625年，是后金第一代汗努尔哈赤开始修筑。努尔哈赤死后，第二代汗皇太极继续修建成功。沈阳故宫的建筑布局能够分为三路。东路为清太祖努尔哈赤时期建造的大政殿与十王亭。中路为清太宗皇太极时期续建的大中阙，包括大清门、崇政殿、凤凰楼以及清宁宫、关睢宫、衍庆宫、启福宫等。西路则是乾隆时期增建的文溯阁、嘉荫堂和仰熙斋等。乾隆时皇宫已在北京，但他有时也“东巡”回沈阳看看。

此刻我们来到了沈阳故宫的东路，那里是很有特色的。大政殿居中，两旁分列十个亭子，称为十王亭。大政殿是一座八角重檐亭子建筑，正门有两根盘龙柱，以示庄严。大政殿是用来举行大典，如颁布诏书，宣布军队出征，迎接将士凯旋和皇帝即位等的地方。从建筑上看，大政殿也是一个亭子，但是它的体量较大，装饰比较华丽，因此，称为宫殿。大政殿和成八字形排开的十座亭子。其建筑格局乃脱胎于少数民族的帐殿。这十一座亭子，就是十一座帐篷的化身。帐篷是能够流动、迁移的，而亭子就固定起来了。这也显示了少数民族文化的一个发展。崇政殿是沈阳故宫最重要的建筑，在中路，是皇太极日常临朝的地方。崇政殿北有一凤凰楼，三层，是当时盛京城内最高的建筑物。沈阳故宫博物馆所陈列的多半是旧皇宫遗留下来的宫廷文物。如努尔哈赤用过的剑，皇太极用过的腰刀和鹿角椅等。沈阳故宫博物馆陈列的艺术品也很丰富。在绘画陈列室里，有明、清两代一些大师的作品如清李鳟、金农、明文征明书画精品、陶瓷、雕刻、织乡、漆器等工艺品。

我的讲解就差不多，此刻给大家一点时光自我去观赏一下，半个小时候我们在那里集合，多谢大家的配合。

游客朋友们：

大家好!首先请允许我代表沈阳市全体市民对各位得到来表示热烈欢迎!今天我为大家介绍得就是沈阳得风景名胜之一得沈阳故宫。

沈阳故宫占地6万多平方米，有楼台殿阁各式建筑70余座，由20多个院落组成，总计房屋300多间。故宫按自然布局分为中路、东路和西路三部分。

中路：是太宗皇太极时期得大内宫阙。南端是大清门，也是故宫得正门。向北依次是崇政殿、凤凰褛、清宁宫，它们都排列在一条中轴线上，两侧还有一些对称式得附属建筑。

大清门是日常朝会时文武大臣侯朝得地方，也是清太宗接受群臣谢恩之处。明朝著名将领洪承畴降清后，就从此门进入，受到皇太极得接见。大清门东侧这处建筑叫祖庙，祖庙是爱新觉罗家族祭祀祖先得地方，因是天子得祖庙也称太庙。

崇政殿前，东西各有五间厢楼，东为飞龙阁，西为翔凤阁。殿后是一个院落，院正北有一座高约4米得高台，台上是皇太极极其后妃得寝区。沿台阶走上去便是一座金碧辉煌得高楼凤凰楼。它得原名叫翔凤楼，直到1743年才有凤凰楼之称。凤凰楼是清宁宫得门户，也是皇帝策划军政大事和宴筵之所。它与崇政殿同期建成，康熙二十年重修。楼为三层，是三滴水式建筑。每层深广各三间，周围有回廊，下层得门洞是联络台上台下得道。风凰楼既是后宫得大门，又是整个宫殿建筑得制高点。在楼上观看日出，极为美妙。所以凤楼晓日、凤楼观塔是沈城著名得景观。凤凰楼正门上额得紫气东来金字横匾是乾隆皇帝得御笔。

清宁宫两侧是东西配宫，东配宫有关雎宫、衍庆宫;西配宫有麟趾宫和永福宫。东西配宫均为皇太极和妃子们居住之所。清宁宫西北角有一根由地面垒起，低于屋背得烟囱，人们从正面是看不见得。从清宁宫这一系列建筑中，我们可以发现沈阳故宫得两大建筑特点：一是保存了浓厚得满族特色即口袋房、万字炕、烟囱竖在地面上。二是宫高殿低，清宁宫及其四所配宫均高于皇帝议政得崇政殿和东路得大政殿。这是因为清朝夺取政权前，满族是一个牧猎民族，受生活习惯得影响，把居住得地方建在高处，以防野兽和洪水得侵袭。这与北京故宫恰好相反。

清宁宫高台之后是后苑，也叫御花园，内有碾磨房、二十八间仓、后宰门等建筑，是皇帝膳食得供给区。并有地下窨道与清宁宫相通。

在崇政殿、清宁宫高台两侧有东所、西所。东所由南往北依次是颐和殿、介祉宫、敬典阁等。东所是东巡时皇帝后妃给太后请安之处，也皇太后得寝宫和存放实录、玉牒之处;西所由南往北依次是迪光殿、保极殿、继恩斋和崇谟阁等。西所是东巡时皇帝、后妃及子女居住得地方和存放《圣训》、《满文老档》得地方。崇谟阁得建筑形式是别具一格得，它为卷棚式建筑，是在清乾隆年间增建得。]

东路是以大政殿为主体，两侧辅以方亭十座，称十王亭。大政殿建于努尔哈赤时期，是故宫最早期八角重檐大木架亭子式建筑。大政殿下是高约1。5米得须弥座式台基，周围绕以雕刻精细得荷叶净瓶青石雕。殿身八面均有斧头眼式隔扇门，内外排柱40根，正门前有双龙蟠柱。殿顶是十六道五彩琉璃脊，正中是宝瓶火焰珠。殿内有精致得斗拱、藻井天花，梁架上用和玺彩绘，上有黄琉璃瓦绿剪边得顶盖。整个建筑显示出极强得美感和庄严秀丽得装饰艺术情趣。大政殿是皇帝举行大型庆典得地方，1643年清世祖福临在此即位。

大政殿前，正中是宽阔得甬道，两侧以八字形排列着十座方亭，这就是十王亭。从北至南，东边是左翼王亭、正黄旗亭、正红旗亭、镶蓝旗亭、正白旗亭;西边是右翼王亭、镶黄旗亭、镶红旗亭、正蓝旗亭、镶白旗亭。这是当年八旗首领固山额真和左右统辖八旗得亲王贝勒办公得地方。八旗制度在清王朝得军事政治及社会制度，民事管理等等很多方面都占有极为重要得地位，发挥着巨大得作用。大政殿与十王亭构成了一组亭子式院落建筑，它是清入关前八旗制度在宫殿建筑上得反映。设计者从局部建筑直至整体布局，处处突出八字。这种把军政制度巧妙地融合在建筑艺术中得做法，真可算是构思独特、别具匠心。

各位游客：

大家好!

我是快旅游社的导游，我姓陈，大家叫我小陈好了，当然也可以叫我陈导。在接下来的几天中，我将陪伴大家一起游览北京的名胜风景区。希望通过我的讲解，能够使您对北京故宫有个美好的印象，同时也希望您能对我的工作提出宝贵的意见。好，我们就开始今天的游览行程。

今天我们要参观的故宫，非常雄伟。它占地72万平方米，其中建筑面积为16.5万平方米，南北长961米，东西宽753米，周围有10米高的城墙围绕。还有穿52米的护城河，在四角都建有一座精美的角楼。根据1973年的统计，故宫有大小院落90多座，房屋有980座，共计8704间。按照这种布局建筑而成的故宫就是明清两代24位皇帝的皇宫，其中明朝有14位，清朝有10位，统治时间共长达五个世纪。

好了，现在大家自己慢慢游玩!注意，大家在游览时不要乱丢瓜果皮。祝大家玩得愉快。

大家好!我是小吴，今天由我来带领大家游览沈阳故宫。沈阳故宫始建于后金天命十年(1625年)，建成于清崇德元年(1636年)，是清太祖努尔哈赤和清太宗皇太极营造和使用过的宫殿。清世祖福临也曾在这里继位，改元“顺治”、并于当年入关，统治全中国。沈阳故宫占地6万多平方米，全部建筑计300多间，共组成20多个院落。按其布局，可分为东路、中路和西路三大部分。我们计划游用三个小时的时间去游览，现在我们已将到了，大家下车，先听我说几句。

首先，我告诉大家，注意的事项。第一，大家要紧跟我身后，不要走丢了。第二，要在规定的时间内集合，如果找不到了，请拨打我的手机。第三，不要乱扔东西，讲卫生。第四，保持安静，不要大喊大叫。好了，出发了。

沈阳故宫是中国现存仅次于北京故宫的最完整的皇宫建筑。在建筑艺术上承袭了中国古代建筑的传统，集汉、满、蒙族艺术为一体，具有很高的历史和艺术价值。

大家看，这座占地六万平方米的古建筑群始建于625年，建成于1636年，全部建筑90余所，300余间。清朝进关后对盛京皇宫又进行了保护和扩建，到乾隆时基本形成今日规模。

大家看，沈阳故宫那金龙蟠柱的太政殿、崇政殿，排如雁行的十王亭、万宇炕口袋房的清宁宫，古朴典雅的文朔阁，以及凤凰楼等高台建筑。在中国宫殿建筑史上，绝无仅有;那机富满族情调的“宫高殿低”的建筑风格，更是“别无分号”。

沈阳老城内的大街号“井”字形，故宫就设在“井”字形大街的中心，占地6万平方米，现有古建筑114座。主要建筑有大政殿，十王亭、大清门、崇政殿、凤凰楼、清宁宫、文溯阁等。 大政殿是用来举行诸如颁布诏书、军队出征、迎接将士凯旋和皇帝即位等大典的地方。十王亭则是左右翼王和八旗大臣办事的地方。这种君臣合署办事于宫廷的现象，体现了创业初期君臣平等的历史，也是从打天下到坐天下的君臣平等的延续。到了入关后，从北京故宫开始，这种平等被逐渐打破，最终形成了高高在上的君王。

中间高耸的建筑是沈阳故宫里唯一的烟囱。故宫里每一个房间的炕火都从地下的通道汇聚到这个烟囱里，这是他们一统天下的思想的象征。这个烟囱共有11级，最上面一级只有三块砖构成。导游说，这个一统天下的烟囱反而成了清朝的谶语：清朝共有11位皇帝，最后的宣统帝只做了三年江山，就是那三块砖的预示。想当年努尔哈赤在修建这个一统天下烟囱的时候，如果早知如此，肯定会加多几层吧?!

下面，请大家自由参观。三个小时后在这里准时集合。