北京司机导游词通用3篇 北京导游词(通用20篇)

各位游客大家好!我是导游小李，欢迎大家来到周口店猿人遗址公园参观。

周口店北京猿人遗址就位于这个公园内。您知道这里的历史吗?1920___年中国古生物学家裴文中在北京市房山区周口店龙骨山发现原始人类牙齿、骨骼和一块完整的头盖骨。于是，考古学家开始在这里发掘，发现了距今约60万年前的一个完整的猿人头盖骨，定名为北京猿人，这里就被称为北京猿人遗址了。

请各位游客随我进入公园，我们首先将参观的是周口店遗址第一地点，又称“猿人洞”。这里原是一个天然的石灰岩溶洞，北京猿人在这里陆续生活了20万年至40万年。北京猿人的遗骨、遗物、遗迹和洞顶塌落的石块和洞外流入的泥沙等，在洞内一层又一层充填起来，形成巨厚的堆积层(共分13层)。可是，在发掘前，该洞穴就已坍塌，成为堆积物上部的大角砾和岩块。您走到这里，有没有感受到远古的气息呢!

接下来，请大家自由参观“周口店第一地点”周围的五、七、八地点，它们是1920___年被发现的。在这里考古学家们出土了第一个北京人头盖骨化石，以及人工制作的工具和用火痕迹。

现在我们来到的是鸽子堂，这个地方的名字是根据鸽子比较喜欢在这里栖息而得来的。鸽子堂曾经是北京人制造石器的场所。他们把一块块石器加工原料，打制成砍砸器，用来砍砸木柴或木棒。他们还把不同的石片，加工成刮削器，用来加工狩猎用的棒棍，或者把脉石英制成尖状器，用来割剥兽皮，挖剔兽肉。

最后我们进入的是北京猿人遗址公园的博物馆。在这里，您可以看到猿人遗址公园的平面图以及北京猿人和各种原始动物的化石。大家看这件展品，您能想到北京猿人它们还会做一些首饰吗?还有,他们还会做“针”呢!不过是骨针哦。看到这些您会不会感叹于原始人的智慧呢?小朋友们在这里还可以参与高科技的互动游戏，你们一定会玩很开心的!下面就请大家自由活动吧!

Beijing is located at 39 ° 56 ′ N and 116 ° 20 ′ E. It is located at thenorthwest end of the North China Plain, in the west, North and northeast. It issurrounded by Taihang Mountain (West Mountain), Jundu mountain and Yanshanmountain, which makes it look like a "bay", so it has been called "Beijing bay"since ancient times.

Beijing, the capital of the peoples Republic of China, is the center ofpolitics, culture, transportation, tourism and international exchanges. The cityconsists of 11 districts and 7 counties. The total area is 16800 squarekilometers, of which the urban area covers 1040 square kilometers. Thepopulation is 11.5 million. Beijing is the first of the four municipalitiesdirectly under the central government in China.

Beijing has a north temperate continental monsoon climate with fourdistinct seasons. Spring flowers, autumn moon, summer rain and winter snow arethe different characteristics of each season. No matter when you come to Beijingfor sightseeing, you will have charming wind colors. Beijing has shorter springand autumn, longer summer and winter. January is colder, the average temperatureis - 4.7 ℃, July is slightly hot, the average temperature is 26.1 ℃. The averageannual rainfall is 650 mm and the frost free period is 180 days. It has aprominent geographical location, magnificent mountains and rivers, fertile landand rich products, so it has always been regarded as the treasure land ofChina.

Beijing has a written history of more than 3000 years and a long history ofurban construction. As far back as 700000-500000 years ago, this is thebirthplace of human ancestors, and Peking man has been breeding in Zhoukoudianand other places in southwest Beijing. In 586 BC, the state of Yan, the Marquisof the Zhou Dynasty, established its capital here, named "Ji". From then on, thename of "Yanjing" has been passed down to the present. After the third centuryB.C., it was an important northern town in the Qin, Han, Sui and Tang Dynasties.At the beginning of the 10th century, the Qidan people in Northeast Chinaestablished the Liao Dynasty and took it as the capital, Nanjing. In 1125, theNuzhen nationality rose, destroyed the Liao Dynasty and built the Jin Dynasty.It officially established its capital, named Zhongdu, and built 36 luxuriouspalaces. The central capital was in the area of Guanganmen today, but it wasdestroyed in 1215. In this year, the Mongols in the north of China movedsouthward, successively destroyed the Jin Dynasty and the Southern Song Dynasty,which avoided Hangzhou, and unified China. In 1267, the Yuan Dynasty rebuilt thecapital city with the JinDynasty Daning Palace (now Beihai Park) as the center,and renamed it Dadu, which is the predecessor of todays old Beijing city. In1368, the peasant uprising army led by Zhu Yuanzhang overthrew the Yuan Dynastyand established the Ming Dynasty. The capital of the Ming Dynasty was located inNanjing, which was renamed Beiping. In 1403, Zhu Di won the throne, moved hiscapital to Peking, and changed its name to Beijing. After 15 years ofconstruction, the Forbidden City was completed in 1420 and the capital wasofficially moved to Beijing in 1421. In 1644, the Qing army entered the pass,the Ming Dynasty perished, and the Qing Dynasty also established its capital inBeijing. Each dynasty has established its capital here for more than 800 years.After the founding of new China in 1949, the old Beijing gained a new life andwas determined as the capital of new China.

The ancient city of Beijing, after the great creation of the working peopleof the past dynasties, has left a splendid culture of the Chinese nation. Thearchitectural layout of the whole city takes the Forbidden City as the centerand runs through an 8 km long central axis from south to north. Before and afterthe dynasty, zuozu and YouSHE (Taimiao and sheji altar); the streets arevertical and horizontal, the temples are brilliant; the temples are magical, thegardens are magnificent; the rivers and lakes are winding, the scenery ispicturesque. The whole city has both plane layout and three-dimensional shape,which is not only a model of Chinese ancient capital, but also occupies a veryimportant position in the history of world urban construction. Beijing hasalways been famous for its rich places of interest and charming natural scenery.Here are the worlds wonders of the Great Wall, the worlds most imperial palacecomplex, beautiful classical gardens, as well as magnificent temples,mausoleums, pagodas, stone carvings and so on. Moreover, Shidu, Songshan,Longqing gorge, Shihua Cave and other natural landscapes, as well as manyhistorical sites such as the May 4th Movement in 1919, are all touristattractions that people can enjoy and forget to return.

游客们，大家好!欢迎大家来到世界遗产——颐和园。很高兴成为大家的导游，你们可以叫我小王。

今天我们来到颐和园，想必大家对颐和园里的景色都是充满了好奇和期待的。那么现在，就请跟着我的脚步，一起走进颐和园一探究竟吧!

进入颐和园的大门，绕过大殿，就来到了鼎鼎有名的长廊，这条风光秀丽的长廊长700多米，分为273间，并且于1990年作为世界上最长的画廊被列入了《吉尼斯世界纪录大全》，由此你们就可以想象出，通过这条长廊需要花多长的时间了。

来到了万寿山的脚下，你们抬头看看，那耸立在半山腰上的气势磅礴的三层建筑就是佛香阁。如果想去看看的话，我们不妨一起登上万寿山，去到它的顶端瞧瞧佛香阁的庐山真面目吧!

现在，我们站在佛香阁上，望着山下那一排排金碧辉煌的房子，那便是排云殿。如果向山下看久了，可能免不了会有晕眩的感觉，那这时候你们就得适当地放松休息一下啦。

颐和园的美景说也说不尽，我的介绍就先到这里吧。请大家继续欣赏这里的景色，两个小时后我们在十七孔桥前集合。游玩的过程中请大家不要乱丢垃圾，也不要在墙上乱涂乱画，谢谢大家的配合，祝大家玩得愉快!

颐和园导游词2

尊敬的游客，今天我们来到美丽的颐和园游玩，它是被列入《世界遗产名录》的皇家园林，希望大家不要破坏园林内的建筑。这次旅游由我来当导游。

我们先来到颇有名气的长廊参观一下。那绿漆的柱子、红漆的栏杆多搭配啊，多美啊!这条长廊长七百多米，分成273间，每一间的横槛上都有五彩的画。这么独特的风景，您一定没有见过吧!几千幅画没有哪两幅是相同的。

我们现在在万寿山脚下，抬头仰望就可以看见一座八角宝塔形的三层建筑耸立在半山腰上，屋顶上的黄色琉璃瓦闪闪发光，那就是佛香阁。下面的金碧辉煌的宫殿，是排云殿。

现在我们已经登上万寿山，这里是观看颐和园美景的最佳地方。正前面，昆明湖真静啊!静的像一面镜子。这水真绿，绿的像一块碧玉。您一定也感受到了它的美了吧!那我们下山游览一番昆明湖吧!

看，昆明湖旁围着长长地堤岸。想去那个岛上游玩吗?那就得经过这长长的石桥。这座石桥有十七个桥洞，叫“十七孔桥”，桥栏杆上，有上百根石柱，每根石柱上都雕刻着很精美的小狮子，没有哪俩只是相同的。

颐和园的美景太多了，介绍也介绍不完，还是您自己去细细品味那美景吧!

大家好，我是你们的导游——某导，今天就由我来给大家讲解颐和园的风景名胜。

请大家随着我走。现在，我手指的这个是著名的长廊。这个长廊可不一般。它全长700多米，分成273间。大家可以看到，每间的横槛上都有许多五彩图画，画得各式各样，有人物、花草、风景，几千幅画没有哪两幅是相同的。难怪被称为“世界第一廊”。

大家往前看，这就是碧波荡漾的昆明湖。这片湖静得像一面镜子。游船经常从这里经过，大家可以听到船上游人们的欢歌笑语。

在昆明湖的上面，就是闻名遐迩的万寿山。站在这里，我们可以看到颐和园的全部风景。站在这里看，整个颐和园真可谓是无比壮观。郁郁葱葱的树丛掩映着黄的绿的琉璃瓦屋顶和朱红的宫墙。

一座八角宝塔形的三层建筑耸立在半山腰上，黄色的琉璃瓦闪闪发光，这就是古香古色的佛香阁。

大家快随我看看这美丽的石桥吧!这座石桥有17个桥洞，叫十七孔桥。桥栏杆上有上百根石柱，柱子上都雕刻着姿态不一的活灵活现的小狮子。

这座在历史上为帝王建造的古典园林，现已成为中国最著名的旅游参观热点之一，每年接待游客数百万人。1986年，颐和园被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产。

潭柘寺距今已有1700多年历史，是北京最古老的古寺。+寺院坐北朝南，背倚宝珠峰，周围有九座高大的山峰呈马蹄形环护，宛如在九条巨龙的拥立之下。高大的山峰挡住了从西北方袭来的寒流，因此这里气候温暖、湿润，寺内古树参天，佛塔林立，殿宇巍峨整座寺院建筑依地势而巧妙布局，错落有致，更有翠竹名花点缀期间，环境极为优美。

潭柘寺规模宏大，寺内占地2.5公顷，寺外占地11.2公顷，再加上周围由潭柘寺所管辖的森林和山场，总面积达121公顷以上。殿堂随山势高低而建，错落有致。北京城的故宫有房9999间半，潭柘寺在鼎盛时期的清代有房999间半，俨然故宫的缩影，据说明朝初期修建紫禁城时，就是仿照潭柘寺而建成的。现潭柘寺共有房舍943间，其中古建殿堂638间，建筑保持着明清时期的风貌，是北京郊区最大的一处寺庙古建筑群。

整个建筑群充分体现了中国古建筑的美学原则，以一条中轴线纵贯当中，左右两侧基本对称，使整个建筑群显得规矩、严整、主次分明、层次清晰。其建筑形式有殿、堂、阁、斋、轩、亭、楼、坛等，多种多样。寺外有上下塔院、东西观音洞、安乐延寿堂、龙潭等众多的建筑和景点，宛如众星捧月，散布其间，组成了一个方圆数里、景点众多，样式多样，情趣各异的旅游名胜景区。潭柘寺不但人文景观丰富，而且自然景观也十分优美，春夏秋冬各有美景，晨午晚夜情趣各异，早在清代，“潭柘十景”就已经名扬京华。

如今的潭柘寺，殿宇巍峨、庭院清幽，殿、堂、坛、室各具特色，楼、阁、亭、斋景色超凡，古树名木、鲜花翠竹遍布寺中，假山叠翠、曲水流觞相映成趣，红墙碧瓦、飞檐翘角掩映在青松翠柏之中，殿堂整齐、庄严宏伟。已故中国佛教协会会长赵朴初先生曾写联赞曰：“气摄太行半，地辟幽州先。”

潭柘寺不仅以古迹众多、风景优美吸引着四海宾朋、八方游客，而且近几年还修建了现代化的旅游服务设施，实行交通、住宿、餐饮、游览、娱乐、购物的一条龙服务，使景区成为享誉中外的旅游胜地。1997年，经北京市政府批准，僧团进驻，潭柘寺恢复了宗教活动。

各位游客大家好，欢迎你们到北京颐和园来游玩，我是颐和园旅游公司的导游，大家可以称我为“小廖”，非常荣幸能为大家提供服务，希望在我的陪伴下，能让您度过愉快的一天，也能让您真正感受到颐和园这座皇家园林的魅力。

颐和园位于北京西郊，原为封建帝王的行宫花园。

原来的名字叫好山园。清乾隆时改为清漪园。1860年被英法联军所毁。1888年慈禧太后挪用军费重建，改名颐和园。颐和园总面积290万平方米，拥有宫殿园林建筑3000余间，湖水面积约占四分之三。园中景象万千。5万寿山丛林葱郁，昆明湖碧水荡漾，构成一幅美丽的皇家园林画卷，是世界著名的旅游胜地。

我先带大家去长廊游玩。

进了颐和园的大门，绕过大殿，就来到有名的长廊。长廊长728米，分成273间。每一间的横槛上都有五彩的画，画着人物、动物、花草、风景，几千幅画没有哪两幅是相同的。长廊两旁栽满了花木，这一种花还没谢，那一种花又开了。其中人物故事画最引人注目。那就请游客们细细观赏吧!

穿过长廊，就来到万寿山脚下，万寿山地处颐和园的中心部位。南临昆明湖。山上建有佛香阁、排云殿等，山上树木葱浓，宫殿金碧辉煌，是宫庭功能、宗教功能、园林功能的集中体现。这里建筑宏伟，风景秀丽，充分展示了皇宫御苑的皇家气派。各位游客不妨亲自登山，既锻炼了身体，又能沿途欣赏好风景。

接下来我向大家介绍昆明湖。昆明湖面积约200多万平方米。湖边围着长长的堤岸，湖沿有石舫，湖上有好几座式样不同的石桥，其中十七孔桥最引人注目，桥上有上百根石柱，石柱上都刻着各种各样、天然成趣的数百只狮子，它们率真大胆，美不胜收，有的正在绣球上灵巧地做着各种优美的动作，有的几只狮宝宝嬉戏在狮妈妈周围，欢蹦乱跳，尽情玩耍，狮妈妈慈爱地抚摸着小宝宝，眼里流露出欢欣的喜悦，金色的阳光洒在这些狮子们身上，像给予它们一种生命力，传续着人间动人的故事。走在桥上，可以看到湖岸柳树成行，湖光山色，风景迷人，是颐和园最有名的景点。走过十七孔桥，就可以观赏湖中小岛上的绚丽风景，那里别有一番情趣。

颐和园的美景真是说也说不尽，道也道不完，用“举世无双，独一无二”来形容她一点也不过分，她就像一颗璀璨的明珠，她的大气，她的精致，她浓郁的人文底蕴深深地吸引着中外游客。小廖我真诚地希望您能在这得到美的享受，祝您玩得开心，游得尽兴。

大觉岩上方、大佛山对面，依山建起了一座天台，为朝觐大觉者之地、天台上建起了一座悬空耸立的南天门，为天地之间的一道圣门，是游人必到之处。

姻缘亭位于莲花山最高处、南天门上方，为两层开放式亭阁，一根高 10.9 米象征天长地久的龙柱高高耸立，是情侣们的必游之地。

大觉寺东边的大佛山被誉为“天界”。 它海拔 1228 米，巍峨耸立，山体酷似佛身，一座高 108米的“大觉者”佛像将筑造其上，成为世界上最高大雄伟的室外佛像。 “大觉者”庄重静穆，气势恢弘，成为天人合一的象征。

大觉岩不仅是宗教圣地，而且一直是名闻遐迩的旅游胜地，被誉为“绝妙仙境之天下第一岩”。王安石、朱熹、都曾造访大觉山，还有文人雅士隐居这里，有诗为证：“雄伟壮观狮子岩，美妙神奇民间传、早闻鸟语钟鼓音，晚观日落朝佛声。日出阳光照仙洞，满寺香气扑鼻中、群山怀抱春常在，奇石异景在险峰。 ”

我们来到了漂流起点站，一会儿大家将接受大觉山峡谷漂流的考验，真正考验大家的勇气、意志和体能，也带给你无穷的乐趣。它能让你体验“男人一路心跳，女人一路尖叫”的刺激，冲峭壁、躲暗礁、绕险滩、搏急流，漂走世间烦扰，放飞生命激情。挑战落差，让生命的激情随地球的血液一起放纵的奔流，让生命的浪涛随地球的落差一起激荡，让生命尽情奔腾吧!

我到漂流终点站、你们，再见啦!

Tian’anmen( the Gate of Heavenly Peace), is located in the center ofBeijing. It was first built in 1417 and named Chengtianmen( the Gate of HeavenlySuccession). At the end of the Ming Dynasty, it was seriously damaged by war.When it was rebuilt under the Qing in 1651, it was renamed Tian’anmen, andserved as the main entrance to the Imperial City, the administrative andresidential quarters for court officials and retainers. The southern sections ofthe Imperial City wall still stand on both sides of the Gate. The tower at thetop of the gate is nine-room wide and five –room deep. According to the Book ofChanges, the two numbers nine and five, when combined, symbolize the supremestatus of a sovereign.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Tian’anmen was the place where stateceremonies took place. The most important one of them was the issuing ofimperial edicts, which followed these steps:

1) The Minister of Rites would receive the edict in Taihedian( Hall ofSupreme Harmony), where the Emperor was holding his court. The minister wouldthen carry the decree on a yunpan( tray of cloud), and withdraw from the hallvia Taihemen( Gate of supreme Harmony)

2) The Minister would put the tray in a miniature longting( dragonpavilion). Beneath a yellow umbrella and carry it via Wumen( Meridian Gate), toTian’anmen Gate tower.

3) A courtier would be invested to proclaim the edict. The civil andmilitary officials lining both sides of the gateway beneath the tower wouldprostrate themselves in the direction of the emperor in waiting for the decreeto the proclaimed.

4) The courtier would then put the edict in a phoenix-shaped wooden box andlower it from the tower by means of a silk cord. The document would finally becarried in a similar tray of cloud under a yellow umbrella to the Ministry ofRites.

5) The edict, copied on yellow paper, would be made known to the wholecountry.

Such a process was historically recorded as “ Imperial Edict Issued byGolden Phoenix”.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties Tian’anmen was the most importantpassage. It was this gate that the Emperor and his retinue would go through ontheir way to the altars for ritual and religious activities.

On the Westside of Tian’anmen stands ZhongshanPark( Dr. Sun Yat-sen’sPark), and on the east side, the Working People’s Cultural Palave. The Park wasformerly called Shejitan( Altar of Land and Grain), built in 1420 for offeringsacrificial items to the God of Land. It was opened to the public as a park in1914 and its name was changed in 1928 to the present one in memory of the greatpioneer of the Chinese Democratic Revolution.

The Working People’s Cultural Palace used to be Taimiao( the SupremeAncestral Temple), where tablets of the deceased dynastic rulers were kept.

The stream in front of Tian’anmen is called Waijinshuihe( Outer GoldenRiver),with seven marble bridges spanning over it . Of these sevenbridges,historical records say the middle one was for the exclusive use of theemperor and was accordingly called Yuluqiao( Imperial Bridge). The bridgesflanking it on either side were meant for the members of the royal family andwere therefore called Wanggongqiao( Royal’s Bridges). Farther away on each sideof the two were bridges for officials ranking above the third order and werenamed Pinjiqiao( ministerial Bridges). The remaining two bridges were for theuse by the retinue below the third order and wre called Gongshengqiao( commonBridges). They anr the one in front of the Supreme Ancestral Temple to the eastand the one in front of the Altar of land and Grain to the west.

The two stone lions by the Gate of Tian’anmen, one on each side were meantas sentries. They gaze toward the middle axis, guarding the emperor’s walkway.In front of the gate stands a pair of marble columns called Huabiao. They areelaborately cut in bas-relief following the pattern of a legendary dragon.Behind the gate stands another pair of similar columns. The story of Huabiao maybe traced to a couple of sources. One of the versions accredits its invention toone of the Chinese sage kings named Yao, who was said to have set up a woodenpillar in order to allow the ordinary people to expose evil-doers, hence it wasoriginally called a slander pillar. Later it ws reduced to a signpost, and nowit serves as an ornament.

The beast sitting on the top of the column is called” hou”, a legendaryanimal, which is said to have been a watcher of an emperor’s behaviour. He wasdoing such duties as warning the emperor against staying too long outside thepalace or indulging in pleasure and urging him to go to the people for theircomplaints or return in due time. Therefore, the two pairs of beasts were giventhe names” Wangjunhui”( Expecting the emperor’s coming back) and “ wangjunchu”(Expecting the emperor’s going out) respectinvely.

In the old days, Tian’anmen, as a part of the Imperial City, was meant forimportant occasions. The two rows of chaofang( antechamber), on the sides behindthe main gate, wre reserved for civil and military members of the governmentwaiting for imperial audience and in front of the gate, were offices of imperialadministration.

On October 1, 1949, chairman Mao Zedong proclaimed on Tian’anmen Rostrumthe founding of the People’s Republic of China. Since then Tian’anmen has beenthe symbol of New Chinea. Chairman Mao’s portrait is hung above the centralentrance, flanked by two slogans:” Long Live the Great Unity of the Peoples ofthe World”. Today , the splendour of Tian’anmen attracts million of visitorsfrom all over the world. The Rostrum on its top was opened in 1988 to the publicfor the first time in its history. It offers a panoramic view of the Square andthe city proper.

Tian’anmen Square

Situated due south of Tian’anmen, the Square has an area of 44 hectares(109 acres) that can accommodate as many as one million people for publicgatherings. It has witnessed may historical events in China’s modern history andis a place for celebrations on such festive days as international Labour Day onMay 1st and national Day on October 1st.

Around the Square are several famous buildings:

1 The Great Hall of the People

This is one of the largest congressional buildings in the world. Built in1959, the hall consists of three parts: a 10,000-seat auditorium in the center,a banquet hall in the north wing facing Chang’an Street, with a seating capacityof 5,000, and offices for the Standing Committee of the National Peoples’Congress of China in the south. In addition, thirty-four reception chambers arenamed after various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directlyunde the Central Government, plus Hong Kong and Macao. Each is different fromthe other in decoration and furnishings to stress their local features.

2 The Museum of Chinese History and the Museum of the ChineseRevolution

These two museums were also built in 1959. the museum of Chinese Historyhouses a permanent exhibition in four parts, covering the entire process ofChinese history spanning from 1.7 million years ago to 1919:

1) The Primitive Society( 1.7 million years ago to the 21st centuryBC);

2) The Slave Society(21st century BC to 476 BC.);

3) The Feudal Society(475 BC. To 1840 AD.);

4) The Semi-Colonial and Semi- Fedual Society(1840 to 1919.)

The Museum of the Chinese Revolution covers the period from 1919 to1949.

3 The Monument to the People’s Heroes

the monument was built in memory of thousands of martyrs who died for therevolutionary cause of the Chinese people. Its construction began on August 1,1952 and was not completed until 1958. in the form of an obelisk, the Monumentas made of more than 17,000 pieces of tranite and white marble. The purple pieceinlaid in the front of the Monument was brought from Qingdao, Shandong Province.It is 38 meters(124ft 8 in) high, the loftiest of its kind ever seen in thecountry. Not only is it an historic memorial for immortal heroes, but also it isan artistic work of excellent architectural value.

On the front side of the Monument is an engraved inscription in Chinesecharacters written by Chairman Mao Zedong, which reads” Eternal Glory to thePeople’s Heroes!”. On the back of the Monument is an article written by ChairmanMao, but in Chinese calligraphy by the late Premier Zhou Enlai.

At the top of the Monument are eight gigantic carved wreathes of suchflowers as peony, lotus and chrysanthemum, symbolizing nobility, purity, andfortitude. At the base of the monument are eight marble reliefs depicting theChinese historic events since 1840. They are:

1) The Burning of Opium in 1840:

2) The uprising of 1851 in Jintian, Guangxi;

3) The Revolution of 1911;

4) The May Fourth Movement of 1919;

5) The May 30th Movement of 1925;

6) The Uprising of 1927 in Nanchang, Jiangxi;

7) The War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression from 1937 to 1945;

8) The Victorious Crossing over the Yangtze River by the Peoples’sLiberation Army in 1949. This relief is flanked by two smaller ones—“ Supplyingthe Front” and “ Greeting the P.L.A.”.

4 Chairman Mao’s Mausoleum

Chairman Mao Zedong, the founder of the People’s Pepublic of China, passedaway on Sepember 9, 1976. In commemoration of this great man, a mausoleum beganto be constructed in November 1976, and was completes in August the followingyear. The Mausoleum was officially opened on September 9, 1977.

各位游客大家好，今天我要带大家前去游览的是北京北二环边上的孔庙和国子监，大家今天可以一睹这里的风采，提前祝大家我的愉快!北京国子监坐落在北京东城区安定门内国子监街(原名成贤街)，与孔庙相邻。国子监整体建筑坐北朝南，中轴线上分布着集贤门(大门)、太学门(二门)、琉璃牌坊、辟雍、彝伦堂、敬一亭。东西两侧有四厅六堂，构成传统的对称格局，是我国现存唯一一所古代中央公办大学建筑。北京孔庙主体建筑都覆以黄色琉璃瓦，是封建社会的最高建筑规制。

(先师门)

大家跟我走我现在看到的是先师门;又称棂星门是孔庙的大门，面阔三间，进深七檩，单檐歇山顶，基本上保留了元代的建筑风格，先师门两侧连接庙宇的外围墙，犹如一座城门。进入先师门，迎面看到的便是大成门。大成门创建于元代，清代重修，面阔五间，进深九檩，单檐歇山顶。整座建筑坐落在高大的砖石台基上，中间的御路石上高浮雕海水龙纹图样，五龙戏珠，栩栩如生。大成门前廊两侧摆放着10枚石鼓，每枚石鼓的鼓面上都篆刻一首上古游猎诗。这是清乾隆时仿周宣王时代的石鼓遗物刻制的大家想在这拍拍照吧。

大家跟紧我我现在到了第一进院落是皇帝祭孔前筹备各项事宜的场所，其东侧设有宰牲亭、井亭、神厨，用于祭孔三牲的宰杀、清洗和烹制。两侧有神库、致斋所用于祭孔礼器的存放和供品的备制。

第二进院落是孔庙的中心院落，每逢祭孔大典，这里便钟鼓齐鸣，乐舞升平，仪仗威严。大成殿是第二进院落的主体建筑，也是整座孔庙的中心建筑，是孔庙内最神圣的殿堂。大成殿始建于大德六年，后毁于战火，明永乐九年(公元重建，清光绪三十二年将殿由7间扩建为9间。殿内金砖铺地，内顶施团龙井口天花，其规制是最高建筑等级，堪与故宫太和殿媲美。殿中供奉孔子“大成至圣文宣王”木牌位，神位两边设有配享的“四配十二哲”牌位。神位前置祭案，上设尊、爵、卣、笾、豆等祭器均为清乾隆时的御制真品。大殿内外高悬清康熙至宣统9位皇帝的御匾，均是皇帝亲书的对孔子的四字赞语，是珍贵的文物。

孔庙的第三进院落最具特色，由崇圣门、崇圣殿和东西配殿组成独立完整的院落，与前二进院落分割明显而又过渡自然，反映出古人在建筑部局上的巧妙构思。这组建筑称为崇圣祠，是祭祀孔子五代先祖的家庙。建于明嘉靖九年，清乾隆二年重修，并将灰瓦顶改为绿琉璃瓦顶。崇圣殿又称五代祠，面阔五间，进深七檩，殿前建有宽大的月台，月台三面建有垂带踏步各十级。殿内供奉孔子五代先人的牌位及配享的颜回、孔伋、曾参、孟轲四位先哲之父的牌位。东西配殿坐落在砖石台基上，面阔三间，进深五檩，单檐悬山顶，内奉程颐、程颢兄弟、张载、蔡沈、周敦颐、朱熹6位先儒之父。

三进院落及其建筑有明确的建筑等级差别和功能区域划分，和谐统一地组成一整套皇家祭祀性建筑群落，是我国古代建筑的杰出代表。

大家休息好了么，下一站是著名的学府国子监，大家跟紧我现在我来到的是集贤门是国子监的大门，门内院子东西设有井亭，东侧的持敬门与孔庙相通。进入国子监的第二门—太学门，就是国子监的第二进院落，里面有琉璃牌坊，辟雍和彝伦堂。

现在大家跟我我待会我为大家介绍一下辟雍和彝伦堂，现在跟我慢慢走进太学门，前方就是国子监二门内大型琉璃坊牌坊，它是北京唯一一座专门为教育而设立的牌坊。正反两面横额均为皇帝御题，是中国古代崇文重教的象征。位于集贤门内，是三间四柱七楼庑殿顶式琉璃牌坊，乾隆四十八年(1783年)。正面额书“圜桥教泽”，阴面为"学海节观"，彩画华美，是北京唯一不属于寺院的琉璃牌坊

现在我为大家讲解国子监的辟雍，它是国子监的中心建筑，建于中轴线中心一座圆形水池中央的四方高台上，是一座方型重檐攒尖顶殿宇。四面开门，设台阶六级。辟雍周围环绕著长廊，四面架设精致的小桥横跨水池使殿宇与院落相通，这种建筑形制象征着天圆地方。乾隆皇帝之后，每逢新帝即位，都要来此做一次讲学，以示中央政府对高等教育的重视。

左边是六堂，它是位于辟雍左右两侧的33间房，合称为六堂，分别为：率性堂、诚心堂、崇志堂、修道堂、正义堂、广业堂，是贡生、监生们的教室。现在我问看一下右边的彝伦堂，它位于辟雍大殿以北，元代名为崇文阁，明代永乐年间予以重建并改名为彝伦堂，早年曾是皇帝讲学之处，兴建辟雍之后，则改为监内的藏书处。现在大家跟我往后面走，后面就是敬一亭，它位于在彝伦堂之后，是国子监的第三进院落。建于明嘉靖七年，设有祭酒厢房和司业厢房和七座御制圣谕碑，是国子监祭酒办公的场所。大家看我手指的方向，在孔庙与国子监之间的夹道内，有一处由189座高大石碑组成的碑林。石碑上篆刻着儒家经典：《周易》、《尚书》、《诗经》、《周礼》、《仪礼》、《礼记》、《春秋左传》、《春秋公羊传》、《春秋谷梁传》、《论语》、《孝经》、《孟子》、《尔雅》。这部石经的蓝本是雍正年间的江苏金坛贡生蒋衡历时20xx年手书而成。乾隆五十六年(公元1791年)下旨刻石立碑。全部石经共计63万余字，规模宏大，楷法工整，内容的准确性和刻制的精美度都优于西安的“开成石经”，而在规模上也是仅次于西安碑林的全国第二大碑林。相传乾隆命和珅、王杰为总裁，彭元瑞、刘墉为副总裁来考订经稿。彭元瑞以宋元善本十三经核订蒋衡手书的经稿，并把俗体字均改为古体字，使经文更加完善规范，古意大增，受到乾隆赞赏，被授以太子太保衔。这使和珅嫉恨非凡，权倾朝野的他命人在一夜之间挖去石碑上全部改过的古体字。直到和珅垮台后，古体字迹才得以重新修复，至今碑面上还有一块块挖补的痕迹

现在我为大家介绍国子监第一任祭酒是元代著名理学家许衡，当时有学生200余人。在这里学习的学生叫“监生”，大致有三种来源：一是从全国各地秀才中选拔的正途监生，到此作进一步深造;二是外国留学生，大致来自高丽、逞逻、交趾、俄罗斯等;三是“捐监”，挂名监生，只要交足银子，就能领取“监照”，算是监生。

好了大家现在随便转转，拍拍照，大家拍的怎么样了我们的旅途快要结束了，大家尽兴么其实孔庙和国子监有太多的东西希望大家再一次光临在品味一下这里的文化，谢谢，大家再见!

由于恭王府有着某些《红楼梦》中所描绘的景物，因此有人说恭王府花园是大观园的蓝本。但是，许多人又提出了不同的意见。

王府的主人奕诉，是一等贵族，所以他的府邸不仅宽大，而且建筑也是最高格制，显示其不可逾越的等级，明显的标志是门脸和房屋数量。亲王府有门脸5间，正殿7间，后殿5间，后寝7间，左右有配殿。低于亲王等级的王公府邸决不能多于这些数字。房屋的形式、屋瓦的颜色也是不能替越的。

恭王府以前的主人是大0相和坤，他修建的庆颐堂模仿了皇帝的宁寿宫，皇帝“加恩赐令自尽”时，这就是其中的一条罪状。

恭王府的建筑，可分为府邸和花园两部分。府邸占地46.5亩，分为中东西三路，各由多进四合院组成，后面环抱着长160余米的通脊二层后罩楼。楼后为花园，占地38.6亩，园内建筑也约略形成中东西三路，园中散置了叠石假山，曲廊亭榭，池塘花木。

中路前部是面阔3间的大门和面阔5间的二门，门里原有正殿银安殿，已毁，现存后殿，即嘉乐堂;东路由三进四合院组成，是恭亲王奕折的起居生活用房;西路正房为锡晋斋，院宇宏大，廊点周接，气派非凡。在三路院落之后，环抱东西长160米的40余间两层后楼，东边名瞻雾楼，西边名宝约楼。楼后即花园--苹锦园，俗称恭王府花园，占地2.8万平方米。园内建筑分中东酉三路，也有约略的轴线，散置叠石假山、曲廊亭榭、水池花木。主要建筑有蝎殿、邀月台、大戏台、沁秋亭等。

各位游客们，大家好!我叫张小新，是带领大家参观孔庙的导游。大家可以叫我张导，也可以直接喊我的名字。孔子有句名言：“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎。”今天，我有幸为各位担任导游，十分高兴。我将尽力为大家提供满意的服务，不足之处，请批评指正。

另外，为了避免发生意外，给大家提几点要求：一要守时，不要让大家等你自己;二要注意安全，小心地滑;三要讲究卫生，爱护环境;三要注意保护文物，不要乱涂乱画。好，下面就请大家跟我游览孔庙。

孔庙是我国历代封建王朝祭祀孔子的庙宇，位于曲阜城中央。它是一组具有东方建筑特色、规模宏大、气势雄伟的古代建筑群。与故宫和避暑山庄并称为中国三大古建筑群。

孔庙又名“至圣庙”，这是对孔子最高的称呼。

请大家跟我进入“圣时门”，这是孔庙的正门。圣时，比喻孔子的思想是适合时代的。

大家请看前面三架拱桥，因“壅水环绕如璧”，故名“璧水桥”。故宫有金水桥，此有璧水桥。

我们经过弘道门、大中门、同文门就到了奎文阁。奎文阁是孔庙的主体建筑之一，以藏书丰富，建筑独特而驰名。现在这里是个小书店，喜欢读书的朋友可以去买书。现在自由活动十分钟，然后我们去大成殿。

现在我们看到的就是大成殿。大成殿重檐九脊，黄瓦飞甍，雕梁画栋，气势雄伟。大成殿四周廊下环立着28根石雕龙柱。最为引人瞩目的是前檐的10根深浮雕龙柱，每柱二龙对翔，盘绕升腾，中刻宝珠，雕刻玲珑剔透，龙姿栩栩如生，无一雷同，堪称我国石刻艺术中的瑰宝，充分显示了我国劳动人民的聪明才智。大成殿内金碧辉煌，有大型神龛9座，17座塑像，居中的一座即是孔子。大成殿前露台过去是祭孔时舞蹈奏乐的地方。大成殿是孔庙的主殿，和故宫太和殿、岱庙宋天贶殿并称东方三大殿。

好了，孔庙就参观到这里，朋友们可以拍照留念，然后去参观孔府。欢迎朋友们再来!再见!

七渡“太阳升”：在河岸的悬崖壁上，岩层呈清楚的半圆形隆起，一层一层的石灰岩以同心状叠置，在垂直于半圆方向上发生一系列裂隙，如发自圆心的辐射线，从七渡桥西面隔河远望，好像刚刚升起的太阳，放射着光芒，故称这一景观为“太阳升”。此景观是岩层褶曲现象，在地质学科上称为背斜构造，它是地壳上升隆起产生的地层褶曲，岩石向上凸起的部分形态称为背斜，向下凹曲的岩层形态称为向斜。背斜、向斜构造在野外是常见的现象，但是像这样完整圆滑，又有如此形象的放射性裂隙，实在是典型、罕见，堪称地质奇观

龟寿山：在眼前的状似大三角形的山峰上，由上至下，有无数高起的石块，形像乌龟，大小不等，在沿着斜边向下爬行，象是要爬下山峰，到河中饮水，故称此山为龟寿山。

王老铺的“三清洞”：从六渡向北，在王老铺村西约1公里处的坡脚下有一个溶洞，当地称为三清洞。洞穴已测部分600米长。洞内是单一的溶蚀景观，基本没有石钟乳等化学堆积。但是洞体规模宏大，侵蚀、溶蚀形态十分奇特，多为成排分布的窝穴状、钟罩状溶蚀圆坑。有的窝穴形态奇特、巨大、互相连通，像人工开凿的一排排石窟，像天花板上的灯罩，像满天繁星，真是鬼斧神工，令人惊叹称绝。洞穴景观与石花洞、银狐洞、云水洞等截然不同，它是一种奇特的溶洞景观类型，不仅具有很高的观赏价值，而且具有很高的科学价值。它的发现和开发将为首都人民提供一处新型的溶洞旅游景点，为岩溶科研、科普开辟一处理想园地。

蝙蝠山：在十渡，有三峰叠翠，错落有致，高低跌荡的壮丽景观，形似一只巨大的蝙蝠，伸展着阔大的翅膀，在茫茫云霄下翩翩起舞，永不知疲倦地迎接着四面八方的游人。传说以前，人们夜里逃避洪水来到小山丘，但是人们发现水位上升，小山丘也往上长，两侧各伸出一膊，人们离地面越来越高。洪水退去之后，人们惊讶发现是一只黑色的蝙蝠救了他们，那小山丘是蝙蝠的头，两肢是它的翅膀，故把这座形似蝙蝠的山称为蝙蝠山。

Hello, everyone. Have you ever been to Beijing?

Whats the weather like in Beijing?

Beijings cold weather is not to see the sun outside, what to see? Look atthe wind! As long as the wind blows, the weather will be relatively cold. Whatsthe wind blowing in winter? Whats the wind blowing in summer? The primaryschool teacher said that southeast wind blows in summer and northwest wind blowsin winter. Please remember. A student stood up and said: No, my mother said thatshe married my father and drank all year round

You choose to come to Beijing at the end of October. Generally speaking,the time is very good. Its neither cold nor hot. Its an ideal tourist seasonin Beijing. As the saying goes: in good travel time, meeting a good guide is akind of happiness; in good travel time, meeting a poor guide is a kind ofsadness. Its a sigh to meet a good tour guide in a bad travel time; its a kindof helplessness to meet a poor tour guide in a bad travel time. I hope we have agood time to travel, and I hope I am a good guide.

Id like to introduce myself. My family name is Li and my name is Tianyun.After you met me, I wish you good luck every day. Li is Muzi Li. You can call medirector Li, but dont call me director Li. You can also call me Xiao Li, butdont add Zi. Xiao Li is Li Lianying, the eunuch next to Empress Dowager Cixi.Eunuch is an incomplete man. Besides being thin, the function of other parts ofhis body is quite normal. I was born on December 26. Whats the specialsignificance of this day? My mothers birthday is also on this day, and myemperor Taizus birthday is also on December 26. My emperor Taizu is ChairmanMao Zedong. I want to have the same birthday as a great man. I cant be worse inmy life. But after living for more than 20 years, I found that Im not tall, notshort, not fat, not thin, not old, not tender, and so on So far, no miracle hashappened to me, but it doesnt matter. As the saying goes, height is not thedistance, weight is not the pressure, age is not the problem, so I still have toconfidently take everyones activities in Beijing these days.

In addition to taking you on a tour, we also have a master in charge of ourtransportation. Our master has more than ten years of driving experience. Heusually receives deputies to the National Peoples Congress, and receives VIPguests and athletes during the Olympic Games. There has been no accident formore than ten years. He is very professional and safe. During our time inBeijing, we have master _ _ driving for us. We have to work hard for him in thenext few days. Lets give him some applause first!

Although the roads in Beijing are very broad now, Beijing, as the capital,has many people and cars, and the traffic condition is not very good most of thetime. During our travel time, there may be traffic jams or people waiting forthe bus. I hope you can understand.

People live on food. When they come to Beijing, the first thing they shouldpay attention to is eating. When they come out, they wont be as comfortable asthey are at home. Especially when they join a tour group, they should beprepared: the tour group meal in Beijing is very bad. What is despair? Despairis two dishes served in a restaurant, Eat the first one: "is there anythingworse in the world?" eat the second one "Kao! Its really there!" although thegroup meal is bad, its still quite hygienic. You can rest assured to eat it.The principle is to have enough food, eight dishes and one soup, and all therice. When you see that the food is not enough, drink the soup quickly. If wedont have enough to eat, we can see the mountains far away and have a pot ofsteamed bread. If you come back to China for tourism in the future, if thenumber of people is small, you should try not to arrange group meals by travelagencies. Youd better have what you want (for Hong Kong and overseasChinese).

Next is the accommodation. Beijing is the capital, the political andcultural center. People come and go very frequently, so hotels of the same levelin Beijing are not as good as those in other places. Then it gives a briefintroduction of the hotel (such as stars, how far to the airport, how far to therailway station, how far to Tiananmen Square). In the evening, when we go backto the hotel, we should pay attention to rest. When we go shopping, we are notfamiliar with the place, so we should not go too far. The three things you mustdo when you come to Beijing are climbing the Great Wall, eating roast duck andwatching acrobatics. I think we have arranged to climb the great wall and eatroast duck in our itinerary, but we havent arranged to watch acrobatics. Imvery sorry. About in the Neolithic age, Chinese acrobatics had sprouted. Soacrobatics has a history of more than 20__ years in China. Diving, rings andother sports in our Olympic Games are all evolved from acrobatics. Trampoline,which was officially an Olympic event in 20__, is also evolved from acrobatics.Chinas trampoline won two Olympic gold medals in 20__ Beijing Olympic Games.Chinese people can be proud to announce to the world that we cant do football,we cant do track and field, we cant do swimming pool, but we cant do it inbed! Chaoyang theater is the only designated theater for external performance inBeijing. During the Olympic Games, all foreign leaders came to China to watchacrobatic performances. Modern acrobatics combined with sound, color, light andother advanced elements are more gorgeous and exciting than traditionalacrobatics. It really reflects the brilliance of one minute on stage and tenyears off stage. Almost all the performances have won awards in theinternational arena, so we are visiting Beijing During this period, acrobaticsis absolutely not to be missed if you have time in the evening. If you dont go,you will be sorry, but you will be shocked.

The most important thing to come to Beijing is to visit. Apart fromclimbing the Great Wall, eating roast duck and watching acrobatics, what elsecan we play? Generally speaking, we can enter Guangzhou to watch cars, fly toGuilin to watch mountains, go to Xian to watch tombs, visit Beijing to watchwalls, pass Tianjin to watch docks, visit Qinghai to watch the source, visitTibet to watch Buddhas head, visit Nanjing to watch stones, visit Shanghai towatch peoples heads drunk, visit Shanghai to watch peoples heads;Unforgettable Hangzhou girl. What you see in Beijing is the top of the wall,that is, the most important thing is the history and culture left over from theancient capital. If you join this tour group and meet guide Xiao Li, you are ina Beijing history and culture crash course, so you should listen to mecarefully. Cant get on the car to sleep, get off the car to pee, take photos ofscenic spots, go home and ask nothing. Especially when there are many touristsin Beijing, adults look at their heads and children look at their buttocks, sowe should play with me, hold the hand of the guide, and travel together inBeijing!

Beijing is the capital of Liao, Jin, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, thelast five feudal dynasties in Chinese history. Its design and planning embodiesthe highest achievement of ancient Chinese urban planning, and is known as "thegreatest individual project of human beings on the surface of the earth". Weshould not only look at the history, but also the modern development of Beijing.Now lets briefly introduce the situation of Beijing.

Beijing covers a total area of 16808 square kilometers and is divided into18 districts. Beijing is surrounded by Hebei Province. From the map, HebeiProvince surrounds the whole of Beijing, and it is not far from Beijing

Chengde Mountain Resort is the largest classical Royal Garden in China. In1984, it was rated as one of the top ten scenic spots in China. In 1994, it waslisted in the world heritage list. It is very worth seeing. If we can arrange itsometimes, we should go there for a day or two.

The terrain of Beijing is high in the northwest and low in the southeast,which is in line with the artistic conception of an ancient poem that a riverflows eastward. Beijing plain accounts for 1 / 3, mountain accounts for 2 / 3.There are more than 16 million permanent residents in Beijing, more than 4million people from other places, and more than 20 million people live in onethird of the plain. Therefore, the traffic pressure just mentioned is veryheavy.

To this end, Beijing has made great efforts to improve the trafficenvironment. The cost of bus is also very cheap. Basically, one yuan is enoughfor taking the bus, and 20% or 40% discount can be given for those with buscard. We work in the suburbs because its expensive to rent or buy a house inthe urban area. Although its cheap to take the bus, it takes a long time. Weneed to get up early in the morning to go to work. Sometimes it only takes 30minutes to do a business in the urban area, but it takes two hours to come bybus, and it takes two hours to go back, so one day is spent on the bus. Becauseof the long journey, we usually have to take the bus home from work, so thenightlife in Beijing is not very rich. Talk about the four idiots in Beijing:eat lobster, go shopping to Yansha, sing and love flowers, and go home afterwork. The poor go home after work, the drunkard go home at 9, the luster go homeat 11 and the gambler go home at 2-3.

The starting price of a taxi is 10 yuan for 3 km, and 2 yuan per km after 3km. In addition to improving the above ground transportation, we should focus onthe development of the subway. The cost of the subway is also very cheap. Itcosts 2 yuan to get through. As long as you dont go out of the subway door, youcan take a ride for a day, so as to stimulate the reduction of private cars,reduce road congestion, improve air quality and environmental protection. Butthe rich should buy a car or buy a car, and the poor should take what kind ofcar, so we should not climb, compare, and be angry with ourselves in our dailylife; eat less salt, be jealous, play less mahjong, and take more walks; sleepon time, get up on time, and do boxing and aerobics.

Good health is really good. According to official statistics, the averagelife span of Beijingers has reached 80 years old. Before the reform and openingup, it was 60 years old. Why? With the improvement of living standards, Chinesesociety is developing, and Beijing is developing. In the past, only the emperorcan eat, but now ordinary people can also eat the palace flavor. In the past,the emperor can wear silk, but now ordinary people can buy it, too The jadebrought by the emperor is good for our health. We can also buy it now. Themedicinal materials of Tongrentang, which has a history of more than 300 years,used to be used exclusively by the royal family, especially the Empress DowagerCixi, who used to take the Wuji Baifeng pill of Tongrentang all the year round.Now we can also buy it. We can also buy the Royal Cloisonne ornaments. In short,the royal family can eat, wear and play Good health, we can do now, in additionto the emperors harem three thousand, so many women we cant do. When we cometo Beijing for tourism, if we need to use these things or give them as gifts tofriends and relatives, they are very helpful. They can support the developmentof Beijings tourism industry and improve our taste in life. When it comes totaste, men are divided into six grades: first-class men have a home outsidetheir home, second-class men have flowers outside their home, third-class menfind a home in their flowers, fourth-class men go home from work, fifth classmen go home from work, and their wives are not at home, sixth class men go homefrom work, and there is a man beside their wives. Women can be divided into fourclasses. First class beauties travel abroad, second class beauties ShenzhenZhuhai, third class beauties Beijing Shanghai, and fourth class beauties wait athome.

So what do we usually call a beautiful woman in Beijing? The older one iscalled sister, the older one is called aunt, and the younger one is called girl.Generally speaking, men are called elder brother, and the elderly are calledelder brother. Children are called children. But pure Beijingers, that is, oldBeijing, call girls girls girls instead of girls. I dont call a beauty abeauty, but a honey. Call him or not, call him ya. I dont care if you call meinside. Call a woman a woman, not a woman. Call a man a man, not a man. Call afriend porcelain instead of a friend. A lover is not called a lover, but an ace.I dont call a little girl a little girl, but a girl.

This is Beijings address, Tianjins address is more special, for example:there are people calling sister, not sister, anyway, no matter how old you are,even if you are only a teenager, there may be 50 or 60 years old people callingyour sister, not sister. There are those who call big brother, but not brothersor brothers. Even an elderly grandmother will call a young man in her 20s bigbrother, but she wont call brothers. Some call uncle, but not uncle. That is tosay, no matter what is your fathers ranking at home, you should call his otherbrothers uncle, and your fathers younger brother is not uncle. In a word, itsbasically shouting. Thats what Tianjin is called. Tianjin is called the backgarden of Beijing. During holidays, Beijingers will drive there for holidays.Tianjin is more than 100 kilometers away from Beijing, and the whole journey isonly two hours to Tianjin. If we have time, we can play one more city by the waywith little fare.

The road we are taking now is the capital airport expressway, which wasbuilt in 92 and opened to traffic in 93. The capital airport expressway is 18 kmlong, with 34.5 m wide subgrade and 6 lanes in both directions. There are 3 mwide emergency parking belts on both sides of the road. It is fully closed andinterchange. The design speed is 120 km / h. The starting point is Sanyuanqiao.It takes 10 minutes from Sanyuanqiao to the Capital International Airport.Expressway pavement structure layer, the introduction of foreign asphaltmodification technology, in the ordinary asphalt mixed with plastic or rubber,change the high temperature and low temperature stability of asphalt, make itnot soften at 60 ℃ high temperature, not brittle at minus 30 ℃ low temperature,but also enhance the anti-wear ability, reduce noise, greatly extend the servicelife. The use of modified asphalt, which is the first in domestic highwayconstruction. The capital airport expressway costs 100 million yuan perkilometer, which is known as the first road to China. No matter how old anofficial or ordinary person you are, you have to enter Beijing from thisexpressway.

Usually when we talk about Beijing, where is it called Beijing? Accordingto the official regulations, the third ring road is called Beijing. Sanyuanqiao,the starting point of our airport expressway, connects the third ring road. Whatis "three yuan"? The imperial examination system is called "three yuan". Thefirst place of the provincial examination, the imperial examination and theimperial examination is Jieyuan, Huiyuan and the number one scholar. One afteranother, he won the first place in the provincial examination, the generalexamination and the palace examination, which is called Lianzhong Sanyuan.Taking the Qing Dynasty as an example, the whole process of imperial examinationin the old days started from the grass-roots level of government, prefecture andcounty, which was called childrens examination. Those who enter for theexamination are called Tong Sheng, and those who pass the examination are calledXiucai. The first one is called desk. The formal higher level nationalexamination is called the local examination, which is held in the provincialcapital. The examinees are scholars from all over the country. After passing theexamination, they are called Juren, and the first place is "Jieyuan"; the nexthigher level is the joint examination, which is held in the Ministry of rites.The examinees are Juren, and after passing the examination, they are calledGongsheng, and the first place is "Huiyuan"; The imperial examination was heldin the palace. The emperor personally presided over the examination. Thecandidates were Gongsheng, who were called Jinshi after winning the examination.The imperial examination system in ancient China has a history of more than onethousand years, in which 17 people were able to connect the three yuan.

陶然亭公园地属宣武区南部，先农坛西。因园内有陶然亭而得名。是解放后新建公园之一，占地59公顷，其中水面17公顷。溪流横纵，犹如江南水乡。明清在此设有窑厂。清工部郎中江藻在元代慈悲庵古庙中盖三间西厅房，以唐朝诗人白居易“更待菊黄家酿熟，共君一醉一陶然”的诗句，取名陶然亭，因系江藻创建，故又称江亭。乾隆以后，每逢九九重阳，文人墨客到这里登高聚会，饮酒赋诗。解放前变成芦草从生、蚊蝇满坑的臭水塘。解放后疏浚挖湖，堆山修亭，架桥铺路，种树栽花植草，改为公园。湖中有中央岛，岛西南高台上是慈悲庵、陶然亭.西南隔桥相对是由中南海迁来的云绘楼和清音阁，以及新建的常青轩、览翠亭等.东湖北岸还有一座三层楼的水榭。西湖西岸清末建有别墅抱冰堂，现改为文娱话动和展览室。北门内有旧窑台遗迹和儿童游戏场.园内还有月季园、植物标本园等.经过多年修建，园内湖水清澈，树绿花红，亭台楼榭有心醉陶然之感。

慈悲庵西院正面的三间敞轩就是陶然亭。陶然亭是清代名亭，现为中国的四大历史名亭之一。清康熙三十四年，工部郎中江藻监管黑窑厂时见“面西有陂池，多水草，极望清幽，无一点尘埃气”，在此建小亭。数年后“彻亭而轩”，取名唐代诗人白居易的诗句：“更待菊黄家酿熟，与君一醉一陶然”的“陶然”二字。陶然亭公园以及陶然亭地区名称就是以此得名的。此亭面阔三间，进深一间半，面积90平方米。亭上有苏式彩绘，屋内梁栋饰有山水花鸟彩画。两根大梁上绘《彩菊》、《八仙过海》、《太白醉酒》、《刘海戏金蟾》，亭上有三大匾，一是建亭人江藻亲笔提写，一是取齐白石《西江月.重上陶然亭望西山》词，还有一块是郭沫若题“陶然亭公园”门额中字，东向门柱上悬“似闻陶令开三径，来与弥陀共一龛”。此联是林则徐书写。旧联无存，现在的楹联是由当代书法家黄苗子重书。亭间分别悬挂“慧眼光中，开半亩红莲碧沼，烟花象外，坐一堂白月清风”。现在对联是现代书法家康雍书写。“烟藏古寺无人到，榻倚深堂有月来”，此联是翁方纲所撰，光绪年间慈悲庵的主持僧静明请光绪皇帝的老师翁同和重写。

在亭的南北墙上有四方石刻，一是江藻撰写的《陶然吟》引并跋，二是江皋撰写的《陶然亭记》，三是谭嗣同著《城南思旧铭》并序，四是《陶然亭小集》，这是王昶写的《邀同竹君编修陶然亭小集》，诗中的竹君即朱筠。此诗是王昶作于乾隆四十年左右。

陶然亭建成后，江藻常邀请一些文人墨客、同僚好友到陶然亭上饮宴、赋诗，这里变成了文人墨客“红尘中清净世界也”。故陶然亭是文人雅集的地方，因此留下的诗文很多，秋瑾、龚自珍等都曾在陶然亭上留下的诗文。

陶然亭、慈悲庵三面临湖，东与中央岛揽翠亭对景，北与窑台隔湖相望，西与精巧的云绘楼、清音阁相望。湖面轻舟荡漾，莲花朵朵，微风拂面，令人神情陶然。

南锣鼓巷是北京最古老的街区之一。北起鼓楼东大街， 南止地安门东大街， 全长786米， 宽8米，与元大都(1267年)同期建成， 是我国唯一完整保存着元代胡同院落肌理、规模最大、品级最高、资源最丰富的棋盘式传统民居区。而如今，在南北向的主巷以及相串联的东西两侧的胡同里，云集了上百家别具特色的小店，咖啡馆、创意小店、特色酒吧、民俗工艺品店以及美食餐厅等。即延续着老北京的市井风情，又点缀着时尚的元素。南锣鼓巷以其独具一格的复古时尚、国际接轨的先锋时尚，被美国《时代》周刊评选为亚洲25处必去之地。古老的四合院与尽情挥洒个性的各色小店，吸引着中外游客来此徜徉。

漫步南锣鼓巷，你不仅会惊讶于在城中心还有这样的“桃源”，更会惊艳于它的时尚，它的旧貌与新颜完美结合，羚羊挂角无迹可求。在这里，你会情不自禁地感叹，古老文化与时尚竟可以对接得如此天衣无缝。白天感受胡同街景浓郁的老北京韵味，夜晚则可以游荡在独具个性创意的小店，或随意挑选自己喜爱的物品，或打开肚子吃遍美食小吃、或尽情融入时尚先锋的自我放纵。有人说，三里屯没有做到的南锣鼓巷做到了;后海失去的南锣鼓巷又给找了回来。

各位游客，我的介绍就到那里，如在参观游览的过程中有其他问题，请向我询问，我会再进行讲解。谢谢大家!

游客们，大家好!此刻我们位于北京市崇文区天坛路，我想有的朋友已经猜到了，我们的下一个景点就是美丽的天坛。

天坛，在北京市南部，东城区永定门内大街东侧。占地约270万平方米，是中国现存最大的古代祭祀性建筑群。南有天坛祭天，东有日坛祭太阳，西有月坛祭月亮，其中，天坛最光彩夺目。天坛始建于明永乐十八年，清乾隆、光绪时曾重修改建。为明、清两代帝王祭祀皇天、祈五谷丰登的场所。

同时，它也是中国木结构建筑的顶峰，全用木材就完成了这一惊世杰作。天坛另一美妙之处，是奇妙的回声。站在中心叫一声，你会听到从地层深处传来的明亮而深沉的回响，这声音仿佛来自地心，又似乎来自天空，所以人们为它取了一个充满神秘色彩的名字“天心石”。在皇穹宇的四周有一道厚约0。9米的围墙，你站在一端贴着墙小声说话，站在另一端的人只要耳贴墙面就能听得异常清晰，并且还有立体声效果哦!这就是神奇的“回音壁”。这证明520xx年前的中国人已经能够运用声学原理。

游客们，此刻请大家参观一小时，然后到门厅集合。

大家好，我是这次旅游的导游，我姓*，大家可以叫我*导！

现在快到目的地--北京天坛，所以我先给大家将一些注意事项：“礼貌、卫生、秩序、眼看手勿动、禁止乱涂乱画”这五点，记得哦！

乘客们，旅游景点已到，请大家有秩序的下车！现在我们来到了天坛的正门，这里是皇帝前来祭祀时进出的大门。现在，就让我一一地为大家介绍吧！

天坛，1998年11月被列入《世界遗产名录》。它位于北京城南端，是明、清两代皇帝祭祀天地之神和祈祷五谷丰收的地方。天坛不仅是中国古建筑中的明珠，也是世界建筑史上的瑰宝。

天坛东西长1700米，南北宽1600米，种面积为273万平方米。天坛包括圜丘和祈谷二坛，围墙分内外两层，呈回字形。北围墙为孤圆形，南围墙与东西墙成直角相交，为方形。这种南方北圆，，通称“天地墙”，象徽古代“天圆地方”之说。

以上就是天坛的故事，时间不早了，现在，大家自由参观拍照吧！--转眼间，我们的北京天坛一日游又结束了，大家有秩序的坐车回家吧！

颐和园是中国现存规模最大、保存最完整的皇家园林，中国四大名园(另三座为承德避暑山庄、苏州拙政园、苏州留园)之一。位于北京市海淀区，距北京城区十五公里，占地约二百九十公顷。利用昆明湖、万寿山为基址，以杭州西湖风景为蓝本，汲取江南园林的某些设计手法和意境而建成的一座大型天然山水园，也是保存得最完整的一座皇家行宫御苑，被誉为皇家园林博物馆。

颐和园(Summer Palace)原是清朝帝王的行宫和花园，前身清漪园，为三山五园(三山是指万寿山、香山和玉泉山。三座山上分别建有三园清漪园、静宜园、静明园，此外还有附近的畅春园和圆明园，统称五园)中最后兴建的一座园林，始建于1750年，1764年建成，面积290公顷,水面约占四分之三。

乾隆继位以前，在北京西郊一带，已建起了四座大型皇家园林，从海淀到香山这四座园林自成体系，相互间缺乏有机的联系，中间的“瓮山泊”成了一片空旷地带。乾隆十五年(1750年)，乾隆皇帝为孝敬其母孝圣皇后动用448万两白银在这里改建为清漪园，以此为中心把两边的四个园子连成一体，形成了从现清华园到香山长达二十公里的皇家园林区。

咸丰十年(1860年)，清漪园被英法联军焚毁。光绪十四年(1888年)，慈禧太后以筹措海军经费的名义动用银两(据专家考证，应为500至600万两白银)，由样式雷的第七代传人雷廷昌主持重建，改称颐和园，作消夏游乐地。

到光绪二十六年(1920xx年)，颐和园又遭“八国联军”的破坏，许多珍宝被劫掠一空。光绪二十九年(1920xx年)修复。后来在军阀混战、-统治时期，又遭破坏，1949年之后政府不断拨款修缮，1961年3月4日，颐和园被公布为第一批全国重点文物保护单位，1998年11月被列入《世界遗产名录》。20xx年5月8日，颐和园经国家旅游局正式批准为国家5A级旅游景区。 20xx年，颐和园入选中国世界纪录协会中国现存最大的皇家园林。颐和园拥有多项世界之最、中国之最。

北京北京大学导游词五篇

京大学的前身是京师大学堂，1898年12月正式开学。当时的京师大学堂既是中国的最高学府，也是中国最高的教育行政机关。下面是小编收集整理的北京北京大学导游词五篇范文，欢迎借鉴参考。

北京北京大学导游词五篇(一)

大家好，欢迎来到百年学府北京大学。很高兴能够作为大家的导游，我叫马天意，大家可以叫我“马”导游。希望大家能积极配合我的工作，一起在北大度过一小段快乐的时光。

但是，在出发前，我要先强调一下纪律，请大家听好：

1、校园不是公园，这是一个学习的环境，希望大家不要喧哗，一起来感受校园里该有的氛围。

2、校园景色非常优美，请大家爱护环境，不要践踏草坪，攀枝折花，乱丢废弃物。

3、校园里的人非常多，大家走的时候排成两列纵队，紧跟队伍，千万不要走丢走散了。

要出发了，大家要紧跟着我的思路和脚步，否则你将会错过很多知识和景色哟!出发了，首先先让大家回顾一下北大历史。北大创办于1898年，原名京师大学堂，光绪皇帝亲笔题词“京师大学堂”匾额。它是中国第一所国立的综合性大学，也是当时最高的教育行政机关，是康梁百日维新的措施之一。慈禧发动政变，把所有的变法都废除了，只保留了京师大学堂。北大从此延续至今。(原校设在北京石景山东街)

1920xx年易名为北京大学校。严复任北大首任校长，积极开设外语学科研究西方文化的新课程。1920xx年红楼竣工，校本部设在故宫后的沙滩。

1920xx年教育家蔡元培先生出任北京大学校长，并且担任中华民国教育总长，他提出思想自由，兼容并包的方针，使北大成为新文化运动的发祥地，为新民主主义革命的发生创造了条件。他聘陈独秀为文科学长，李大钊为图书馆长，胡适、钱玄同为文科教授，李四光为理科教授，马寅初为教务长，著名文学家思想家鲁迅也应聘在北大教授《中国小说史》。毛泽东在北大图书馆做图书管理员，经过李大钊的介绍，认真学习马列主义著作，逐渐转变为马克思主义者，也是在当时认识他的第一夫人，北大教授杨昌济的女儿。那时北大革命家，思想家，文学家云集。

1920xx年，北大师生点燃了“五四”运动的火炬，李大钊、胡适等人领导了文化革命的新启蒙运动，北大成为中国新文化运动的中心。

1937年，“七七”事变之后，北平很不安全，北京大学，清华大学，天津南开大学纷纷南迁长沙，后又转到云南昆明组建临时“西南联合大学”，抗日战争持续八年，西南联大持续了八年，当时条件非常艰苦，是出人才最多的时期之一。西南联大汇各校菁华，以刚毅坚卓维系中华教育命脉，在此精神的激励下，培养了如诺贝尔获奖者杨振宁、李振道，两弹元勋邓稼先，文学家闻一多、朱自清等名人。

抗战胜利以后，1946年10月北大迁回北平沙滩复校，胡适扩建北大，设有六个学院，33个系。

新中国建立以后，1951年，政务院任命马寅初为中国北京大学第一任校长。

北京北京大学导游词五篇(二)

北京，中华人民共和国首都、中央直辖市、中国国家中心城市，中国政治、文化、教育和国际交流中心，同时是中国经济金融的决策中心和管理中心。北京位于华北平原北端，东南与天津相连，其余为河北省所环绕。北京有着3000余年的建城史和850余年的建都史，是“中国四大古都”之一，具有一定的国际影响力，其最早见于文献的名称为“蓟”。北京荟萃了自元明清以来的中华文化，拥有众多名胜古迹和人文景观，是全球拥有世界文化遗产最多的城市。北京也为华北地区降雨最多的地区之一。历史悠久的国际高等大学北京大学、清华大学也坐落于北京。

北京是全球拥有世界遗产(6处)最多的城市，是全球首个拥有世界地质公园的首都城市。北京旅游资源丰富，对外开放的旅游景点达200多处，有世界上最大的皇宫紫禁城、祭天神庙天坛、皇家花园北海、皇家园林颐和园和圆明园，还有八达岭长城、慕田峪长城以及世界上最大的四合院恭王府等名胜古迹。全市共有文物古迹7309项，99处全国重点文物保护单位(含长城和京杭大运河的北京段)、326处市级文物保护单位、5处国家地质公园、15处国家森林公园。世界文化遗产：故宫、长城、周口店北京人遗址、天坛、颐和园、明十三陵。世界地质公园：北京房山世界地质公园。国家级风景名胜区：八达岭―十三陵、石花洞。中国历史文化名街：国子监街、烟袋斜街。中国历史文化名镇：密云县古北口镇。中国历史文化名村。门头沟区：斋堂镇爨底下村、斋堂镇灵水村、龙泉镇琉璃渠村。

西周时成为周朝的诸侯国之一的燕国的都城。自金朝起成为古代中国首都中都。自元代起，开始成为全中国的首都。明朝自成祖后开始对北京进行大规模扩建，明朝时期北京成为第一个汉族王朝的首都。清朝在延续明北京城的基础上又进行了一些修缮和扩建。至清末北京成为当时世界上最大的城市。北京有着3000余年的建城史和859余年的建都史。自秦汉以来北京地区一直是中国北方的军事和商业重镇。1860年，英法联军打进北京;1920xx年，八国联军再次打进北京，美丽的北京城受到了非常严重的破坏和洗劫，大量文物被侵略军和坏民劫掠。1920xx年辛亥革命后，民国元年1月1日，中华民国定都南京，同年3月迁都北京，直至民国十七年中国国民dang北伐军攻占北京，张作霖败回东北，北洋政府下台。民国伊始，北京的地方体制仍依清制，称顺天府。

直至民国三年，改顺天府为京兆地方，直辖于中央政府北洋政府。这一时期，北京新建了有轨电车系统，和一批现代的文化教育机构，如清华大学、燕京大学、北京大学、辅仁大学、协和医学院等。1937年七七事变后，北平被日本占领。伪中华民国临时政府在此成立，且将北平改名为北京。1945年8月21日，入侵北京的日本军队宣布投降，重新更名为北平。1949年1月31日，中国人民解放军进入北平市，实现对北京的解放。同年9月27日中国人民政治协商会议第一届全体会议通过《关于中华人民共 和国国都、纪年、国歌、国旗的决议》，北平更名为北京。1949年10月1日，中华人民共和国中央人民政府在北京宣告成立。

北京城不仅汇聚了世界上著名的五大宗教(道教、佛教、伊斯兰教、基督教、天主教)，而且这五大宗教建筑和文化也各有特色。比如，现在我们行驶的朝阜路上，短短几公里，就聚居了四个宗教(朝阳门外的东岳庙、东四清真寺、隆福寺、广济寺、历代帝王庙、白塔寺)的建筑，而在北京宣南地区，以北京建城纪念柱为中心的周边地区，可以说聚集了五大宗教的许多著名活动场所。这些场所有：佛教的天宁寺、法源寺、长椿寺;道教的白云观;基督教珠市口教堂;天主教宣武门教堂(南堂);伊斯兰教牛街礼拜寺;这种“宗教文化区”在世界大城市中是罕见的，体现了东方“和”的文化氛围，体现了北京城市文化的独特魅力，体现了中华民族的伟大凝聚力。

北京是座千年古都，历史上，因长期处于中原与北方民族的交汇处，故而曾融合了众多民族的文化、习俗与语言。久而久之，便产生出了富有本地特色的北京风俗习惯。例如集吃喝玩乐于一体的北京庙会等。

北京的传统节日形式多样、内容丰富，是中华民族悠久历史文化的一个组成部分。从这些流传至今的节日风俗里，可以清晰地看到古代人民社会生活的精彩画面。特色的节日如龙庆峡冰灯艺术节、香山红叶节、白云观庙会、东岳庙庙会等。

北京北京大学导游词五篇(三)

北京大学创办于1898年，初名京师大学堂，是中国第一所国立大学，也是中国近代最早以“大学”身份和名称建立的学校，其成立标志着中国近代高等教育的开端。

北大是中国近代唯一以最高学府身份创立的学校，最初也是国家最高教育行政机关，行使教育部职能，统管全国教育;并开创了中国高校中最早的文科、理科、政科、商科、农科、医科等学科的大学教育，是近代以来中国高等教育的奠基者。北大传承着中国数千年来国家最高学府——太学(国子学、国子监)的学统，既继承了中国古代最高学府正统，又开创了中国近代高等教育先河，可谓“上承太学正统，下立大学祖庭”。自建校以来，一直享有崇高的声誉和地位。在中国近现代史上，北大始终与国家民族的命运紧密相连，深刻的影响了中国百年来的历史进程。学校为教育部直属全国重点大学，国家“211工程”、“985工程”建设大学、C9联盟，以及东亚研究型大学协会、国际研究型大学联盟、环太平洋大学联盟、东亚四大学论坛的重要成员。

北京北京大学导游词五篇(四)

大家好，欢迎来到百年学府北京大学。很高兴能够作为大家的导游，我叫马导游。希望大家能积极配合我的工作，一起在北大度过一小段快乐的时光。

但是，在出发前，我要先强调一下纪律，请大家听好：

1、校园不是公园，这是一个学习的环境，希望大家不要喧哗，一起来感受校园里该有的氛围。

2、校园景色非常优美，请大家爱护环境，不要践踏草坪，攀枝折花，乱丢废弃物。

3、校园里的人非常多，大家走的时候排成两列纵队，紧跟队伍，千万不要走丢走散了。

要出发了，大家要紧跟着我的思路和脚步，否则你将会错过很多知识和景色哟!出发了，首先先让大家回顾一下北大历史。北大创办于1898年，原名京师大学堂，光绪皇帝亲笔题词“京师大学堂”匾

额。它是中国第一所国立的综合性大学，也是当时最高的教育行政机关，是康梁百日维新的措施之一。慈禧发动政变，把所有的变法都废除了，只保留了京师大学堂。北大从此延续至今。(原校设在北京石景山东街)

1920xx年易名为北京大学校。严复任北大首任校长，积极开设外语学科研究西方文化的新课程。1920xx年红楼竣工，校本部设在故宫后的沙滩。

1920xx年教育家蔡元培先生出任北京大学校长，并且担任中华民国教育总长，他提出思想自由，兼容并包的方针，使北大成为新文化运动的发祥地，为新民主主义革命的发生创造了条件。他聘陈独秀为文科学长，李大钊为图书馆长，胡适、钱玄同为文科教授，李四光为理科教授，马寅初为教务长，著名文学家思想家鲁迅也应聘在北大教授《中国小说史》。毛泽东在北大图书馆做图书管理员，经过李大钊的介绍，认真学习马列主义著作，逐渐转变为马克思主义者，也是在当时认识他的第一夫人，北大教授杨昌济的女儿。那时北大革命家，思想家，文学家云集。

1920xx年，北大师生点燃了“五四”运动的火炬，李大钊、胡适等人领导了文化革命的新启蒙运动，北大成为中国新文化运动的中心。

1937年，“七七”事变之后，北平很不安全，北京大学，清华大学，天津南开大学纷纷南迁长沙，后又转到云南昆明组建临时“西南联合大学”，抗日战争持续八年，西南联大持续了八年，当时条件非常艰苦，是出人才最多的时期之一。西南联大汇各校菁华，以刚毅坚卓维系中华教育命脉，在此精神的激励下，培养了如诺贝尔获奖者杨振宁、李振道，两弹元勋邓稼先，文学家闻一多、朱自清等名人。

北京北京大学导游词五篇(五)

“大家好!我来自广东省，我叫凌青烨。大家可以叫我凌导。今天就是由我来担任你们的导游。我们现在在开往大家都非常熟悉的：北京大学。”

“北京大学创立与1898你，名京师大学堂，是中国的第一所国立大学，是我国综合实力最强的大学之一，与清华大学齐名。”

“好了，现在已经到了北大的校门口了，请大家注意一下卫生，如有垃圾请扔到垃圾桶或垃圾袋里。好了。我们下车吧。”

现在我们来到了北大最有名的：一塔湖图。塔是指博雅塔，塔级有十三级，高三十七公尺，本来是一座水塔，现在已成为了一处风景，供大家欣赏。湖是未名湖。当年取名时，参选的名称很多，但都不令人满意，最后由国学大师钱穆先生一锤定音，直接就叫“未名湖”了。图，就是我们现在来到的图书馆。这座图书馆，已经百年历史了。现在藏书1046万册，是亚洲最大的大学图书馆。

“我们接着往前走。”

“看，这就是塔和湖。现在这里是一个风景优美的地方，我们一定要注意卫生。青大家慢慢欣赏。”

今天的游览到这里就结束了，希望大家多来玩!再见。

沿普贤殿石阶而下，至七佛殿右侧，是峨眉山佛教协会，再下至大雄殿右侧，为新建的“祗园”，是接待国内外佛教团体和讲经的地方。通过隔墙圆门，便是“花影亭”，里面有池有亭，有珍贵的花木。步入其中，劳倦顿清，心静神安。再步出弥勒殿前，左有1993年新建的钟楼、法物流通处，右有鼓楼和茶园。整个寺庙系典型的庭院建筑，占地60余亩，一院一景，层层深入，蔚为壮观。佛教协会的许多大型法会都在这里举行。这里接待过许多党和国家领导人以及外国名人、佛教团体。报国寺给他们留下了深刻的印象。现在请随我到对面的凤堡钟亭参观。

这里叫凤凰堡，凤凰堡周围碑刻群列，有《我眉山全景图》、《般若波罗密心经》、康有为书的《十里桃花》、刘光弟书李白的《听蜀僧浚弹琴》。还有何绍基、赵熙等名人的墨迹。沿之字形坡道上去，便见红柱六角重檐钟亭，亭额悬“圣积晚钟”横匾。“圣积晚钟”原为“峨眉山十景”之一。今圣积寺已不存在，里面的铜钟是明代嘉靖年间别传禅师募资铸造。高2.3米，唇径2米，唇厚10厘米，重12.5吨，钟唇为12缺荷叶形。该钟曾悬挂在南门外的圣积寺内。早晚撞击，声音宏亮，半夜撞击，15公里内也能听见。佛教认为钟声可以“警醒顽愚”。听见钟声可以自我反省，检讨自己的过失，规正自己的行为。所以寺里的钟颇有讲究。这口铜钟便是峨眉山的佼佼者，被誉为“巴蜀钟王”，是一件很珍贵的文物。好了，现在请游客们前去伏虎寺参观。

故宫占地72万平方米，屋宇9999间半，建筑面积15。5万平方米为一长方形城池，四角矗立、风格绮丽的角楼，墙外有宽52米的护城河环绕，形成一个森严壁垒的城堡。建筑气势雄伟、豪华壮丽，是中国古代建筑艺术的精华。”

一进故宫有四个大门，正门名为午门。午门后有五座精巧的汉白玉拱桥通往太和门。东门名东华门，西门名西华门，北门名神武门。

我调查了故宫的全景图，发现故宫宫殿的建筑布局有外朝、内廷之分。内廷与外朝的建筑气氛迥然不同。外朝以太和、中和、保和三大殿为中心，是封建皇帝行使权力、举行盛典的地方。内廷以乾清宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫为中心，是封建帝王与后妃居住之所。此外还有文华殿、武英殿、御花园等。

太和殿俗称金銮殿，在故宫的中心部位，是故宫三大殿之一。建在高约5米高的汉白玉台基上。

保和殿也是故宫三大殿之一，在中和殿后。

乾清宫在故宫内庭最前面。清康熙前此处为皇帝居住和处理政务之处。清雍正后皇帝移居养心殿，但仍在此批阅奏报，选派官吏和召见臣下。

交泰殿在乾清宫和坤宁宫之间，含天地交合、安康美满之意。

故宫面积72万平方米，共有各式宫室8千余间，是世界上规模最大、保存最完整的宫殿建筑群。明清两代先后有24位皇帝居住在这里。1920xx年北京政变后，被废黜的清末代皇帝溥仪出宫，1920xx年成立了故宫博物院。解放后，故宫进行了大规模的修缮，成为我国最大的国家博物馆。

今天，我参观了故宫。我了解了祖国的文化，了解了历史。今我还要了解，了解一切一切。只有这样，我才能了解中国，长大为我的祖国做出最大的贡献!!

各位团友:

大家好!欢迎大家参加__旅行社组织的北京之旅，我是____旅行社的导游员我姓__，大家叫我小__就可以了。在我身边这一位呢是我们这次旅途中最为劳苦功高的一位，我们的__师傅，有着多年的驾龄，综合的说我们的__师傅可称的上是"三好"师傅--驾驶技术好，脾气好，长的也好!由陈师傅为我们行车大家可以放心。在此，我们于以热烈的掌声多谢我们的__师傅。俗话说："有朋自远方来不亦乐乎!”我和司机师傅能有缘分前来接待大家，并能有机会为全团服务感到非常高兴!对各位远到来来北京旅游观光和休闲度假，我们代表____旅行社表示热烈欢迎!

在接下来的几天里将我陪同大家一起游览美丽的北京，希望在这短暂的时间里大家可以通过我的讲解走进北京，了解北京.在行车路途中为避免意外发生，请大家不要把您的头，手，肘伸出窗外，在游览的路途中旅游车就是我们第二个家，请大家注意一下我们车上的卫生，如果您有什么要求可以直接告诉我!我会全力的为您服务.希望大家在这几天里可以玩的开心，住的舒心，吃的顺心。

朋友们，我们面前的这条街就北京最古老的街区之一南锣鼓巷。

南锣鼓巷南北走向，长约800米，东西各有8条胡同整齐排列着，从南向北，西面的8条胡同是福祥胡同、蓑衣胡同、雨儿胡同、帽儿胡同、景阳胡同、沙井胡同、黑芝麻胡同、前鼓楼苑胡同;东边的8条胡同是炒豆胡同、板厂胡同、东棉花胡同、北兵马司胡同、秦老胡同、前圆恩寺胡同、后圆恩寺胡同、菊儿胡同。这些胡同在元朝时没有名称，名称是明朝以后逐渐演变来的。比如菊儿胡同，明代叫局儿胡同，后来改称橘儿胡同，清代宣统时才称菊儿胡同，后延续至今。整个街区犹如一条大蜈蚣，所以又称蜈蚣街。

近几年，成为许多时尚杂志报道的热点，不少电视剧在这里取景拍摄，许多国外旅行者把其列为在北京的必游景点。其实，明清以来，这里一直是“富人区”，居住过许多达官贵人、社会名流，从明朝将军到清朝王爷，从北洋政府总统到__总裁，从文学大师到画坛巨匠，这里的每一条胡同都留下历史的痕迹。

有人说三里屯酒吧街是彩色的，什刹海酒吧街是暗红色的，而南锣鼓巷酒吧街是翠绿色的。这样的评说可能不仅是指自然的色彩，或许还指向其不同的文化内涵吧。这里的每一条胡同都有丰厚的文化积淀，每一个宅院里都诉说着老故事。