大雁为什么排成人字型飞行（热门20篇）

大雁塔北广场是陕西省的“文化景点”和“形象景点”。

北广场北起雁塔路南端，南接大慈恩寺北外墙，东到广场东路，西到广场西路，东西宽218米，南北长346米，占地100余亩，建筑面积约11万平方米，总投资约5亿元，20xx年1月1日竣工。整个广场由水景喷泉、文化广场、园林景观、文化长廊和旅游商贸设施等组成。整个广场以大雁塔为中心轴三等分，中央为主景水道，左右两侧分置“唐诗园林区”、“法相花坛区”、“禅修林树区”等景观，广场南端设置“水景落瀑”、“主题水景”、“观景平台”等景观。

雁塔西苑：位于北广场西侧，突出园林特色，修整森林树木，铺设石板布道，置放民俗风情浓郁的雕塑小品，整体景观与大雁塔北广场浑然一体，相映成趣。整个西苑突出了公益性和地域文化色彩，以陕西民俗文化为主题，用活灵活现的雕塑艺术形象集中展示陕西关中、渭北高原、陕南、陕北等地具有代表性的民俗风情，如：皮影、剪纸、泥塑、陕西八大怪、农村嫁娶、吹糖人、踩高跷、老城趣事及白鹿原系列等，颇有韵味。

雁塔东苑：位于北广场东侧，是突出陕西地域特色的具有公益性质的文化场所“戏曲大观园”。通过戏曲彩绘雕塑、地方戏曲铸铜浮雕、陕西大戏剧家人物群雕、陕西著名戏曲演员人物群雕等四大类雕塑群，体现出陕西地域文化的特点，展现“大秦腔”的独有魅力。漫步于戏曲大观园内，读脸谱容颜、观名剧雕塑，耳边仿佛传来阵阵鼓乐之声，《五典坡》、《三滴血》、《柜中缘》、《斩李广》等多个秦腔传统剧目组成的雕塑群形象生动逼真，正所谓“忠孝信义雄举，美丑善恶昭彰，世间百态尽在其中”。雁塔南苑：为园林式的休闲公园，目前仍在建设中。

南广场：建于大慈恩寺前，是对佛文化的阐释，标志性建筑为玄奘立式雕像。周围辅以园林绿地、水面过桥等设施，是市民休闲放松的常去之处。

Dayan Pagoda, an ancient Tang Dynasty pagoda, is a unique symbol of theancient city of Xian. As one of the eight scenic spots in Guanzhong, the bigwild goose pagoda stands high in the Cien Temple in the southern suburb ofXian. It is one of the famous Buddhist pagodas in China. Dayan Pagoda scenicspot is a Buddhist holy land, which has a close relationship with masterXuanzang, a famous monk of Tang Dynasty. The story of Tang Monks Sutraacquisition and translation takes place here. All Buddhist temples are templesfor monks to worship, worship and chant Buddhist scriptures. Whats specialabout Dayan Pagoda compared with other temples? There are so many eminent monksat all times and in all over the world, so who is Tang Monk Xuanzang? Why is thestory of Tang Monks scriptures widely spread? Today, after you visit thisscenic spot, you will find the answer to the above question.

Ladies and gentlemen, we have come to the South Square of Dayan Pagoda. Inthe center of the square stands a tall bronze statue of monk Xuanzang of TangDynasty. He was dignified, dressed in cassock, holding a staff in hand, withfirm steps, as if he was on the way to the West.

You must have seen journey to the west, one of Chinas four famous works,and the TV series of the same name adapted from it. Is the Tang monk in journeyto the West Xuanzang? Xuanzang, a native of Yanshi, Henan Province, isintelligent and studious. He became a monk at the age of 13. He worshipsclassics and exhausts all kinds of theories. He is well-known in the capital andis known as "the great tool of Shimen and the great horse of Buddhism." Afterstudying all over the country, he found that the sutra was incomplete and therewere many mistakes in it. He decided to go to Tianzhu, the birthplace ofBuddhism, which is now India, to explore the essence of Buddhism, so as to solvethe doubts and promote Buddhism. In the first year of Zhenguan (620__), he wentto India to apply for law, but he was not approved by the imperial court. In thethird year of Tang Zhenguan (620__ AD), he set out from Changan, along the SilkRoad, through the Gobi desert, where there were no birds on the top and noanimals on the bottom, and traveled westward to Tianzhu. He studied Buddhism inthe famous nalandao temple for 20__ years. At a grand Dharma meeting, Xuanzangread out his Buddhism It is said that for 18 days in a row, no one could arguewith Xuanzang. All the kings invited Xuanzang to take the magnificent Xiangyuparade. The venue cheered and thundered. The Mahayana monks called masterXuanzang "Mahayana heaven", the Hinayana monks called him "liberation heaven",and the Buddhist "heaven" refers to the Bodhisattva gods. Xuanzang was highlyhonored and respected in India. Then he resolutely declined the hospitality ofthe kings and monks and set foot on his way home. In the 19th year of Zhenguan(645 AD), Xuanzang returned home with a large number of Buddhist relics and 657Buddhist scriptures. He was warmly welcomed by the Emperor Taizong and theChinese. When they arrived in Changan, millions of monks and customs went outto welcome them, which was unprecedented. After returning to China, with thesupport of the Tang royal family, he gathered erudite eminent monks from allover the country to form an unprecedented Buddhist scripture translation site,and acted as the translator himself. The quality and quantity of translatedBuddhist scriptures are far more than those of their predecessors, which usheredin a new era in the history of translation in China. The author of the book, arecord of the western regions in the Tang Dynasty, has attracted the attentionof scholars all over the world. It should be said that journey to the west iswritten in the background of xuanleis going out to the west to seek scripturesin the Tang Dynasty, but the Tang monk in the story does not refer to Xuanzang,but a figure in an artistic literary work.

Now we come to the gate of the Great Mercy Temple. The main gate of thetemple is called the mountain gate, also called the three gates, which arecalled the empty gate, Wuzuo gate and Wuxiang gate respectively, symbolizing thethree liberation gates of Buddhism. We call becoming a monk "stepping into theempty door" and thats probably where it comes from. You see, the plaque on thedoor is a few glittering characters of "dacien Temple" inscribed by Comrade __himself.

Cien Temple was originally named Wulou temple. In 648 ad, when Li Zhi,Emperor Gaozong, was the crown prince, he built a temple for his mother, empressWende, and ordered the temple to be built in jinchangfang, Changan. Facing theHanyuan Hall of Daming Palace in the north, it covers an area of 26570 squaremeters and is surrounded by beautiful scenery. It is the most magnificent andspectacular Buddhist temple in Changan, the capital of the Tang Dynasty. At thebeginning of the construction of Cien Temple, the imperial court speciallyinvited Xuanzang, who came back to Changan from India, to be the abbot of thetemple. Thus, dacien Temple became the highest institution of Buddhism inChina at that time. After the end of Tang Dynasty, because of the constant wars,the temple gradually became desolate. After many times of maintenance, it wasnot until the Ming Dynasty that the scale of todays temple was established.

When we walk into the mountain gate, we can see the confrontation on thesecond floor of the bell and drum. To the East is the bell tower, in which thereis an iron bell. The clock was cast in the 27th year of Jiajing reign of theMing Dynasty (1548 AD). It is 3.4 meters high and weighs 15 tons. It has fourbig characters of "morning bell of wild goose pagoda". To the west is the drumtower, in which there is a big drum. The bell and drum are important tools ofBuddhism, which are used to summon monks to do rituals. It is also an importanttime tool. Monks in the temple wake up at the bell and sleep at the drum everyday.

Now we come to visit the main hall of the temple. The main hall is thecentral building of the temple. There are Sakyamunis three body Buddha in thehall. The middle one is Dharma Buddha piluzana Buddha. Dharma Buddha refers tothe pure body of Buddhas nature. The west one is paoshen Buddha Lushena Buddha.Paoshen Buddha means to obtain the Buddhas fruit and perfect body. The east oneis Yingshen Buddha. Yingshen Buddha refers to all changeable bodies and theuniversal body. On both sides of the three body Buddha are Sakyamunis Kaya andAnanda, and on both sides are eighteen Arhats.

On the west wall of the main hall, there are several steles of "Yan TA TiMing Ji". "Yanta inscription" began in the Tang Dynasty. All the top scholars inthe Changan examination had to have a banquet in Qujiang first, and thengathered together to inscribe the name of the big Yanta. They thought it was avery glorious thing to inscribe the name of the big Yanta, and they thought thatthey could ascend step by step by climbing the big Yanta. Bai Juyi, a poet ofthe Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem here after he was admitted as a Jinshi in theexamination: "the youngest of the seventeen people is at the title under thetower of mercy." Its a good story for a while.

On the north side of the hall is the Sutra collection building of Fatang(two floors). On the upper floor is the Sutra collection building, whichcontains the scriptures translated by Xuanzang. On the lower side is the Fatang,where the monks preached. There is a statue of Amitabha in it. Amitabha is incharge of the Western Paradise. That is to say, if you recite Amitabhawholeheartedly before you die, you will be led to the paradise by him after youdie, so it is also called "Jieyin Buddha". There are also three rubbings in theDharma hall, one of which is the picture of Xuanzangs negative collection, andon both sides are the portraits of his two great disciples yuancha and peepingJi. Xuanzang was carrying a basket of Buddhist scriptures on his back. He waswalking on the road of collecting Buddhist scriptures with Buddhist dust in hishands and hemp shoes on his feet. After suffering, only the little oil lamp thatnever went out was with him.

Behind the Dharma hall is the famous wild goose pagoda. Please follow me tovisit.

As for the origin of the name of "wild goose pagoda", there are severalopinions. Its name comes from a Buddhist story. According to Indian Buddhistlegend, there were two schools of Buddhism, Mahayana and Hinayana, and HinayanaBuddhism did not avoid meat and fishiness. One day, it was Bodhisattva givingday, but a monk in a Hinayana Temple couldnt buy meat for dinner. At this time,a group of geese flew by in the sky. A monk looked at the geese and said tohimself, "today there is no meat in the house. The merciful Bodhisattva willnever forget what day it is." Before the voice fell, the leading goose foldedits wings and fell to the ground. So the monks in the temple were shocked andthought that it must be the manifestation of Bodhisattva. They built a stonepagoda at the site where the wild geese fell. They gave up meat and turned toMahayana Buddhism. Since then, people have also called Bodhisattvas the king ofgeese and pagodas the "geese pagodas.".

The great wild goose pagoda was built with the approval of the imperialcourt by master Xuanzang to preserve a large number of Buddhist scripturesbrought back from India. Master Xuanzang personally participated in theconstruction of the tower, which took two years to complete. However, the pagodawas gradually destroyed more than 40 years later because of the erosion of thebrick surface and soil core. Later, Wu Zetian rebuilt the wild goose pagoda inher reign, and there were further repairs in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Whatwe see now is the repaired wild goose pagoda.

Dayan Pagoda is a typical wooden pavilion style brick pagoda, which iscomposed of tower base, tower body and Tasha. Its height is 64.7 meters. Thepagoda is square cone-shaped, with a total of 7 floors. There are spiral stairsinside. We can climb up the pagoda along the spiral stairs to see the beautifulscenery of the ancient city. Now please come up with me.

When we come to the bottom of the Dayan Pagoda, we can see that the brickniches on both sides of the South Gate of the pagoda are inlaid with two steles,preface to the three Tibetan holy teachings of the Tang Dynasty, written byEmperor Taizong Li Shimin and Emperor Gaozong Li Zhi of the Tang Dynasty. Bothsteles were written by Chu suiliang, a famous calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty,and are the best of the steles in the Tang Dynasty. Next we can visit the firstfloor. Lets take a look at the tablets on both sides of the wall. Among them,there are two stone tablets, one is the picture of Xuanzangs negativecollection, which reflects the process of his Scripture acquisition, and theother is the picture of Xuanzangs scripture translation, which reflects theprocess of his scripture translation. The pictures of the two steles are vividportraits of master Xuanzangs glorious life. Now lets start climbing up.Please step up the tower and pay attention to safety. On the second floor, wesee a sitting statue of Maitreya. You can worship it and make your wish. Then weascend the third floor. Here is the Buddhist relic presented by Indian Buddhistmonks. All right, lets keep climbing. On the third floor, there are rubbings ofthe original steles of Jiwang Shengjiao preface and Tongzhou Shengjiao preface,which are kept in Xian Beilin Museum. In the fourth floor, we can see hugefootprints, which are said to be left by Sakyamuni when he passed away. It issaid that before his death, Sakyamuni went to a small river and said to hisdisciples, "this is the last footprint I left to mankind." After that, hugefootprints were formed. At that time, people vied to pay homage to each other.When Xuanzang came to India, he heard this story and went to pay homage to itspecially. He also drew the footprints with a brush when paying homage. What wesee now is carved by Xuanzang in his later years. On the fifth and sixth floors,there are Xuanzangs poems and calligraphic works of several great poets in theTang Dynasty. Lets go up to the seventh floor. You can look up and have a lookat the very interesting poems above us. No matter where we start, these wordscan be very smooth. You can read with me, "you have to travel to the west, youhave to travel to the West.". The former worshipers praised the Tang monk, whilethe latter was praised by others. " There is also "monk Tang has to travel tothe West.". Before worshiping the Buddha in the west, the predecessors praisedhim. " And so on. No matter from which angle, it can be read as a poem aboutTang Monks learning scriptures.

When you climb to the top of the pagoda, do you have a wonderful feeling of"climbing out of the world"? You can see the magnificent scenery of the ancientcity from all sides, which makes you forget to return.

Tourist friends, now lets walk slowly down the tower and pay attention tosafety. Continue to visit Xuanzang Sanzang courtyard in the back.

Now, everyone comes to the gate of Xuanzang Sanzang courtyard. XuanzangSanzang courtyard is a group of buildings imitating Tang style, which iscomposed of dabianjue hall, Prajna hall and Guangming hall.

If you want to ask: what are the treasures of Da Cien Temple in Xian? Itis the parietal bone relic and Buddha bone relic of master Xuanzang, becauseboth of them are very precious Buddhist relics. We have just seen the Buddhistbone relic on the third floor of the Dayan Pagoda, and a portion of Xuanzangsparietal bone relic is stored in the dabianjue Hall of the Sanzang academy,where the statue of Xuanzang is still worshipped.

There are nearly 400 square meters of exquisite large murals in XuanzangsSanzang courtyard, reflecting the holy scenery of Buddhism and the life story ofXuanzang. In particular, it reflects Xuanzangs brilliant life of seeking Dharmaand translating scriptures.

In summary, Xuanzangs translation is characterized by large quantity, highquality, complete content and new way. Xuanzang alone translated 1335 volumes ofBuddhist scriptures. Because Xuanzangs translation is accurate and reliable,and the original Indian Sanskrit version on which he bases is lost, Xuanzangstranslation is regarded as "quasi Sanskrit version". Thus there was the heydayof Buddhism in the Tang Dynasty and a new situation in which many overseaseminent monks entered the Tang Dynasty to seek Dharma. The translation ofBuddhist scriptures in China begins with the translation of Buddhist scriptures.Xuanzang is a famous Buddhist, translator and traveler in the history of ourcountry. At the same time, he is a great patriot who is loyal to the motherland.He also translated Laozi, an important ancient Chinese philosophical work, intoSanskrit and introduced it to India, which promoted the cultural communicationbetween China and India and established the friendship between the twopeoples.

In 20__, Xuanzang finally died in Yuhua temple in Tongchuan. Although heasked for simplicity, the emperor buried him in Bailuyuan, which is on the Bankof Chanhe river. People have expressed their admiration and mourning for thisgeneration of eminent monk who sacrificed his life to seek Dharma, painstakinglytranslated scriptures, lived a glorious life and died with a reed mat. It hasbecome a Buddhist holy land to pay homage to and commemorate Xuanzangforever.

各位旅客朋友们：

大家好

到西安游览时，您一定想去看看大雁塔二这座唐代古塔是古城西安的独特标志，古人曾留下 “ 驱山晚照光明显，雁塔晨钟在城南 ” 的诗句。作为关中八景之一的大雁塔高高耸立在西安市南郊慈恩寺内，市中心约 4 公里，是我国的佛教名塔之一。

大雁塔前身是著名的慈恩寺。 慈恩寺初名无漏寺，到了唐贞观二十二年(公元 648年)高宗李治做太子时，为追念死去的母亲长孙皇后的恩德，下令在长安晋昌坊建造寺院，敕赐 “ 慈恩 ” 。 它北面正对大明宫含元殿，占地 26570平方米，周边风景优美，为唐都长安最宏伟、最壮观之佛教寺院。 下面，请大家随我一起走进慈恩寺和大雁塔游览一番。

各位游客，慈恩寺是皇家主持建造的寺院，具有其他寺院望尘莫及的显赫地位和宏大规模。 这座寺院当年由 13 座庭院组成，面积达 34O亩，是现在寺院面积的 7 倍。 其建筑富丽堂皇，装饰华丽富贵。 慈恩寺现有面积 32314 平方米，约合 48.5 亩。

我们先来看寺院山门前这对威武的石狮子。 说来也怪，一般外域传入我国的东西，总是先传入实物，而后才有根据实物创作的艺术品。而狮子落户我国，却例外地先传人狮子石刻艺术品，而后才有真狮子的出现。 大家知道狮子是在东汉年间由波斯引入我国的，石狮子则是与佛教同时在两汉之际已自印度传入我国。狮子有护法避邪的作用，佛教认为 “ 佛为人中狮子 ” ，所以佛台前常刻有狮子，称护法狮子。 慈恩寺大门口，有 4尊石狮对称地雄踞左右，里边靠近大门的两尊，不清楚雕造于何年何时。 东侧是雄狮，在戏弄脚下绣球。 西侧是雌狮，脚边有一对小狮，称为母子狮。看来这些狮子也按照人们的习惯，以男左女右的序列摆放了。 靠外边的两尊狮子，东侧一尊是清乾隆五十年(公元 1785 年)雕造，西侧一尊是民国 19 年(公元1930 年)雕造。 这两对石狮高度在 1.7 米以上，每尊重量至少也在 250 公斤以上。奇怪的是这两尊八面威风石制实心的庞然大物，即使用手轻轻地拍打，也会发出似铜非钢的金属声，清脆悦耳，十分动听。 各位游客，您能猜出这是什么原因吗?

走进寺院是两座小楼，东边是钟楼，里边悬挂有明代嘉靖年间铸造的一口铁钟，重 15 吨。 西边是鼓楼，楼里存有一面大鼓。 长久以来，人们都把 “ 雁塔晨钟’ 作为关中八景之一，广为流传。 但以往人们都以为 “ 雁塔晨钟 ” 是指西安小雁塔的钟，其实此景指的是大雁塔，因为大雁塔这口钟重 3 万斤，是在 大慈恩寺内于明嘉靖二十七年(公元 1548 年)十月铸造的，比小雁塔那口钟搬入寺内的时间早 100 多年，上面还铸有 “ 雁塔晨钟 ” 铭文。

众所周知，一般寺庙都有大雄宝殿，慈恩寺也一样。 它的大雄宝殿位于寺院中心高台上，初建于明天顺二年(公元 1458 年)至成化二年(公元 1466年)，清光绪十三年(公元 1887 年)曾予大修。 大殿上面三座塑像是释迎牟尼三身像。 中间的叫法身像，西边的叫报身像，东边的叫应身像。释迎牟尼为佛教始祖，原是古印度迎毗罗卫国的王子，生于公元前 565 年，死于公元前 486 年，大约与孔子同时代。三身佛东侧立有释迦牟尼的十大弟子之一迎叶;西侧立有其堂弟阿难，他待从释迦牟尼 25 年，也是十大弟子之一。 两侧是十八罗汉和玄奘塑像。

大雄宝殿后是藏经楼，存有《藏文大藏经》等重要经典。 楼下是讲堂，为佛教徒讲经说法之处，供奉阿弥陀佛铜像一尊，高 1 米多。殿内珍藏玄奘亲手供奉的佛座一件，还有唐代青响石四大天王像座一块。 此石为蓝田玉山所产青石，敲之锵锵有声，清脆悦耳。

各位游客，我们走出藏经楼，就能看到壮观雄伟的大雁塔。 看到这座唐代建筑，你们一定会又感叹又好奇吧?首先一个问题就是此塔为何要以大雁命名呢?

按照印度佛教传说，当初佛教有大乘与小乘两派，小乘佛教不忌荤腥。 有一天，正是菩萨布施日，一座小乘寺院的和尚却买不到肉下饭。这时天空中一群大雁飞过，一个和尚望着雁群自言自语： “ 今日增房无肉吃，大慈大悲的菩萨一定不会忘记这是什么日子。 ” 话音未落，领头的大雁便折翅坠地。于是全寺和尚大惊失色，认为这定是菩萨显灵。 他们就在大雁坠地处建造石塔，并戒绝荤腥，改信大乘佛教。 因此，佛塔又称大雁塔。

到了大雁塔，人们自然会想起唐代名僧玄奘，他是慈恩寺内的第一任住持方丈。 相传唐永徽三年(公元 652年)，著名高僧玄奘大师为安置他从西域带回来的经书、佛像、舍利，奏请高宗允许，在慈恩寺西院，敕建了大雁塔。 当年三月动工，玄奘亲自监造，一年建成。

各位游客，大家一定看过中国四大名著之一的《西游记》及据此改编的同名电视连续剧，那么《西游记》里的唐僧是否就是唐代这位著名和尚玄奘呢?玄奘法师俗姓陈，13 岁在洛阳出家为增，勤奋好学，在国内各地访师问学后，决意到佛教发源地印度去探索佛教的精蕴。 玄奘于唐贞观三年(公元 629年)从长安出发，沿着丝绸之路，穿越上天飞鸟、下无走兽的戈壁沙漠，西行直至天竺，贞观十九年(公元 645 年)学成后返回长安，历时 17 年，行程 5 万公里，经100 多个国家和地区，取回佛经 657 部，并在印度获得极高地位，备受尊崇。回国后，在唐皇室的支持下，他集中各地博学高僧，组成规模空前的佛经译物场，并亲自任译主。翻译的佛经无论从质量或数量上都远远超过前人，开创了我国翻译史上的新时期，共译著佛经 75 部 1335 卷，撰写了《大唐西域记》，受到各国学者的重视。应该说《西游记》是以唐代玄类西出取经为背景而写成的，但故事里的唐僧不全指玄奘，而是一个经过艺术化的文学作品里的人物。

各位游客，大雁塔在建时高 60 米， 5 层，砖表土心，光盘梯。 后塔心砖缝草木丛生，渐趋颓废。经武则天长安年间、唐玄宗天宝年间、后唐长兴年间几次改造，大雁塔比原先长高了 4.5 米，还加了两层。 底层每边长 25 米，基座为方形，边长 45 米至 48米，每层四面均有券门，塔内装有楼梯。塔底层门楣上均有精美的线刻佛像，尤其是西门楣的释迦牟尼佛说法图，上刻当时废殿建筑的写真图，传为唐代大画家阎立本的手笔，是研究后代佛教文化和建筑艺术的珍贵资料。塔南门东西两侧的砖龛内镶嵌有唐太宗李世民撰的《大唐三藏圣教序》碑和唐高宗李治撰的《大唐三藏圣教序记》碑。两碑都是唐代著名书法家褚遂良书写，为唐代碑刻中的精品，是受国家保护的珍贵书法原刻，是研究古代书法艺术的重要实物资料。完全可以这样说，这座仿木结构的楼阁式方形砖塔，造型简洁，气势雄伟，有显著的民族特色和时代风格，是我国佛教建筑中的杰作。

游客们，大雁塔自建成至今，历代名人都留下了传诵千古的佳句。 杜甫有 ‘ 高标跨苍穹，烈风无时休 ” 的赞语，岑参有 “塔势如涌出，孤高耸天宫;登临出世界，蹬道盘虚空 ” 的名句。 诗人气势磅礴的描写与富于哲理的感叹，常常在人们登塔时引起共鸣。

大雁塔位于距西安市区4公里的慈恩寺内，始建于公元652年，相传是慈恩寺的第一任主持方丈玄奘法师(唐三藏)自天竺国归来后，为了供奉和储藏梵文经典和佛像舍利等物亲自设计并督造建成。唐高宗和唐太宗曾御笔亲书《大唐三藏圣教序碑》和《述三藏圣教序记碑》。大雁塔是西安市的标志性建筑，是去西安的必游之地。

大雁塔北广场设有号称亚洲第一大的音乐喷泉，表演时间为：周一至周五12:00、21:00(周二中午无表演)，周六、周日：12:00、14:00、16:00、18:00、21:00.每场的表演时间为20分钟，冬季晚上比夏季提前30分钟表演。

它耸立千年，南北广场布满巨大的仿唐建筑。并且有着号称亚洲第一大的北广场音乐喷泉，有许多民众在喷泉区玩耍嬉闹。南广场有玄奘雕像和大唐不夜城。西边有是咖啡酒吧饭馆的聚集地，同样热闹不已。

Welcome to here, let me to introduce for everybody!

Wild goose pagoda is located in the southern suburbs within the temple, is the national famous ancient buildings, is regarded as the symbol of the ancient capital of xi an. It was said that tangs monk came back from the experiences of India (ancient tianzhu), specializing in translation and the scriptures. Because imitation Indian wild goose pagoda style of the wild goose pagoda. Since then in changan jianfu temple built a small wild goose pagoda, to distinguish, people are often given, jianfu temple tower called the small wild goose pagoda, has spread so far. Wild goose pagoda square plane, built on a party about 45 meters, about 5 meters high stylobate. Seven layers, the bottom side length of 25 meters, from the ground to the top of the tower is 64 meters high. The towers are built with bricks, ground brick for seam strong anomalies. Tower with stairs, can be upwards. Each layer all around a arch form, and can be trapped. Changan view panoramic view. The bottom of the tower is shek mun, have fine lines on the door mast carved Buddha, for big has write in tang dynasty. Within the recess on either side of the tower, the south gate brick, with one of the four famous calligrapher in b on the book of tang monk st preface to teach and the Assyrian monk holy teaching sequence, two pieces of stone tablets. War after tang dynasty, temple, the house burned down, only the wild goose pagoda stand alone.

Another story: the wild goose pagoda was built in the tang Gao Zongyong badge for three years, because of located within the temple, so The tower also known as temple. Temple is the tang dynasty twenty-two years (648) prince Li Zhi reading his mother queen wants to chase. Wild goose pagoda built in only five layer. Wu zetian was rebuilt, and later after numerous repairs. The tower is now seven layers, a total of 64 meters, square pyramid shaped. The tower for the blue brick flies in the build by laying bricks or stones becomes, the layers of wall column fang, bar and so on wood structure. Each layer all around has coupons masonry arch. This in the 2-foot-tall tower, modelling concise, magnificence, is a masterpiece of buddhist art in China. Wild goose pagoda, on both sides of the south gate to the inlaid with b, a famous calligrapher write two pieces of stone tablets of the tang dynasty. One is the preface to tang monk SAN teaching; Another piece is the emperor tang from the teaching sequence, the tang monk holy. A beautiful monument side creeping weed decorative pattern, design, modelling is vivid. These are the research in the tang dynasty calligraphy, painting, sculpture art important cultural relics. Big temple is the most famous and most HongLi Tang Changan city buddhist temple, it is built in the tang dynasty royal decree.

Longevity monk xuan zang, once conducted temple service here and get a tube of sutras translation field, founded Buddhism sect. He personally DuZao temple pagoda is. So big temple has a very prominent position in the history of Chinese doctrines, has been brought to the attention of the domestic and foreign.

Temple gate, the bell and drum tower confrontation. Bell and drum is a temple on the REINS, vulgar said the morning bell and evening drum reminders. The east tower in suspension in the Ming dynasty iron bell, weight thirty thousand jins, three meters. Students in tang dynasty, after the exceeded otherregions jinshi to jion tower under the title, "the wild goose pagoda" title ", after turned lineage. The tang dynasty painter wu daoxuan, wang wei has been for the temple murals, such as precious little already annihilation. But in the wild goose pagoda, stone of four door lintel, door frame, has kept the fine line in the tang dynasty. Westone lintel carved palace figure of the lines is particularly valuable.

The wild goose pagoda, a monks tomb tower group. Six of them are built in the qing dynasty. Ursa major palace is is the center of the temple buildings, there are three bodies like the Buddha, bodhisattva, and arhat clay sculpture. Is the chanting of course. Dharma is a lecture that place. Hall with amitabha Buddha statue.

Today CiSi temple is the scale since the Ming dynasty, the temple of the temple is the construction of the late qing dynasty. Now after repair of great wild goose pagoda, the majestic, ancient pagoda temple, the temple incense incense, garden flowers bloom, which is a special attract domestic and foreign tourists to visit.

也许有人会这样认为，乘务工作不外乎是端茶送水而已，是一种体力劳动。其实，十年的工作经验使我认识到要做好这份工作，更重要的是靠心灵去感受、体验，乘务工作是一种心灵的艺术。

在一次服务中，我看到一个小女孩脸色苍白、头冒冷汗，旁边的父母显得手足无措，根据经验，我断定小女孩是晕机了，马上端来热水，帮她擦汗。由于后舱旅客全满，空气有些闷，我便对她父母说：“交给我来照顾吧。”我让她躺在乘务员座位上，帮她垫枕头、盖上毛毯、拉下帘子，小女孩想睡又不敢睡，我轻轻地哄她，还示意上洗手间的旅客轻点，小女孩终于睡着了。一个多钟头后，小女孩醒来时已恢复正常，飞机也快要下降了。当我把小女孩交给她父母时，看着恢复往常活跃可爱的女儿，父母十分感动，连声向我道谢。这时，了解事情真相的其他旅客也不约而同地鼓起了掌，客舱里响起了少有的掌声，置身于其中，我深受感动。是的，只要用“心”服务，实现与旅客情感与心灵上的沟通，一定能打动旅客的心，从而让旅客在匆匆的旅途中得到温馨、舒服的享受。

记得××年1月的一天，一个中年人坐上了我领班的飞往成都的航班，我发现他一上飞机就愁眉苦脸，闷闷不乐，就找机会跟他攀谈起来。在聊天中，得知这个旅客在广州打工，这是第一次坐飞机回家过年，可过安检时却把一个袋子丢了。我安慰他不要着急，答应帮忙寻找。旅客紧悬的心终于松了一口气。我通过机组与安检联系找到袋子，回广州我马上步行到安检拿回袋子并托下一个航班带去，令这个旅客十分感动。我觉得这是我应该做的事。航班到站并不表明服务到站，只要能给旅客提供方便，即使辛苦点儿也无所谓。只要我们用爱的力量温暖每一颗心，就能让旅客在客舱里得到舒适的享受的同时，更得到真情，得到爱的启迪，正如旅客在留言纸上所写的，“我要学习你们这种热心为旅客的精神，在本职岗位上做出成绩”，这使我深深体会到工作付出后的欢乐，体会到了这一平凡职业的不平凡之处!

中国有句古话叫“将心比心”，意思是说要站在别人的立场上思考问题。我们这个社会有细致的分工，我们这个社会的人际关系是“我为人人，人人为我”，人人都是服务对象，人人又都为他人服务，在更多的场合你为别人服务，在更多的场合又会接受别人的服务，只有“将心比心”，才能力求把服务工作做得尽善尽美。

相信大家不会忘记1990年发生的特大空难“十二事件”吧。空难发生的第二天，我执行××航班。在南京上客时，几个面带忧伤的旅客引起了我的注意，他们坐好后，我马上给他们递上温开水，并询问他们是否身体不适，但他们都沉默不语，似有重重心事。这时，地面工作人员上机送舱单，我忙把他们请进服务台，询问是否有空难家属，他们回答说，好像有。我的心一下子沉了下去。起飞后，我给他们递上小毛巾，再次轻声询问到广州什么地方，是不是云山大酒店(当时空难接待处)，一旅客点了点头，眼泪叭哒叭哒地掉了下来，我一下子全明白了，“人非草木，孰能无情”，我深深地体会到这些失去亲人的旅客的悲痛心情，眼泪也夺眶而出，旅客的心和我们的心是相通的。而当时，我也只能不停地安慰、开导他们，尽自己的一片心，既是对旅客，也是对空难中死去的同事、同学。到达广州后，由于各种原因善后处理小组没有来接他们，为防万一，我和另一名乘务员自费坐出租车将他们送到目的地，当我们说明来意时，有关人员先是一愣，然后很快握着我们的手，连声说：“谢谢你们帮了我们一个大忙。”旅客亦从悲痛中对我们真诚地道了一声谢谢××人。我感到十分欣慰，此时能给他们一丝慰藉，是对我最大的鼓舞和真挚的支持。我从内心感受到作为空姐的使命和责任，就像炭火一样，燃烧自己，温暖别人。

在服务过程中，有时我们的一片热心也会得不到旅客的理解，我们也会碰到少数道德水准低下的旅客，这更需要我们从大局出发，委曲求全，多一份谅解，多一份体贴。记得有一次我执行××航班，由于天气原因延误了五个小时才起飞，旅客上飞机时情绪都很激动，他们不理解，把气出在我们身上，我们在广播里一再道歉，忙里忙外，照顾旅客，安抚旅客情绪，把饮料、餐食、报纸一份一份送到旅客手中。这时，有个男青年叫道：“不吃了，肯定是××没有飞机，骗我们天气不好，要赔偿我们损失。”旅客的情绪顿时起了波动，都嚷着要向我们索赔。那个男青年又向我多要一份餐食，当时我们已经把自己的机组餐都送出了，于是向他道歉说没有了，他却指着我的鼻子说：“民航都是骗子、混蛋!”我只能依然保持笑容跟他解释，但他又骂开了：“你们只会笑，什么都不会，什么都不懂。”当时，尽管我心里十分委屈，但我想到我现在穿着制服，是代表××，我要维护××形象，就依然平静地对他说：“先生，如果是由于航班延误时间，影响了你的工作，我们表示抱歉，对此带来你的不满我们表示理解。但是，由于天气原因，我们也无能为力，为了你我的安全，我们只能等天气好转再起飞，请您支持我们的工作。”其他旅客看到这情景，也停止了争吵，纷纷赞扬

我们乘务员服务态度好。后来临下飞机时，那个旅客不好意思地向我道歉说：“对不起。我不应该把气出在你身上。”我笑着说：“我理解你的心情，欢迎你下次乘坐我们的航班。”“一定、一定。”旅客答应着。是啊，人心换人心，只要我们能够体谅旅客，旅客也是能够理解我们的。 也许空姐这一特殊的工作，使得我们心中装得下千千万万个旅客，却难以装下自己的亲人。每逢万家团圆的日子，都是我们繁忙的时候。多年来，当新年的钟声响起的时候，我都坚持在工作岗位上。也许我不是一个合格的妻子、合格的女儿，没能为家人亲手端上迎春的汤圆。如果，我们把乘务工作只看成是一种职业来对待时，将会觉得是极其辛苦和平凡的，旅客只是一个一个的工作对象;而当我们把它看作一种崇高的事业时，对旅客的认识会有一种全新的意义。我们不会再用一般的职业心理去对待他们，在为他们服务过程中爱的情感会油然而生，工作的辛劳就会变成我们付出后的欢乐。 十年来，我只是尽自己的一片心、一份力和乘务队的姐妹们一起，为提高××的服务质量、为提高××的声誉而努力工作。去年六月我被授予全国民航青年岗位能手，荣誉给了我压力，鞭策我继续进步。为了无愧于“××空姐”称号，我将继续全身心投入这份平凡而又伟大的工作。 我以我心写凌霄!

唐代永徽三年(公元652年)， 玄奘法师为供奉从印度带回的佛像、 舍利和 梵文经典，在慈恩寺的西塔院建起一座五层砖塔。和宝鸡的法门寺因塔建寺相反，大雁塔则是因寺建塔。在武则天长安年间重建。后来又经过多次修整。大雁塔在唐代就是著名的游览胜地，因而留有大量文人雅士的题记，仅明、清朝时期的题名碑就有二百余通。大雁塔所在的大慈恩寺是唐代高僧玄奘专门从事译经和藏经之处。玄奘法师从天竺取回佛经，曾在慈恩寺主持寺务，以“恐人代不常，经本散失，兼防火难”并妥善安置经像舍利为由，拟于慈恩寺正门外造石塔一座，遂于唐永徽三年(公元652年)三月附图表上奏。 唐高宗由于 玄奘所规划浮图总高三十丈，以工程浩大难以成就，又不愿法师辛劳为由，恩准朝廷资助在寺西院建五层砖塔。此塔名雁塔，由于后来在长安荐福寺内修建了一座较小的雁塔，慈恩寺塔叫作大雁塔， 荐福寺塔叫作小雁塔，一直流传至今。大雁塔仿西域窣堵坡形制，砖面土心，不可攀登，每层皆存舍利。玄奘法师亲自主持建塔，历时两年建成。因砖表土心，风雨剥蚀，五十余年后塔身逐渐塌损。

武则天长安年间(公元720xx年—720xx年)，女皇 武则天和王公贵族，施钱在原址上重新建造，新建为七层青砖塔(另一说，公元720xx年大雁塔改建成，塔增高至10层。公元931年，五代时后唐时期对大雁塔进行改建，降至七层)。唐末以后，慈恩寺寺院屡遭兵火，殿宇焚毁，只有大雁塔独存。

公元931年(五代后唐长兴二年)对大雁塔再次修葺。后来西安地区发生了几次大地震，大雁塔的塔顶震落，塔身震裂。(原先塔高11层) 人称“二圣三绝碑”。

Yong hui in the tang dynasty three years (AD 652), xuan zang wizard for sacrifice from India to Buddha, andother and classic Sanskrit, in temple west DaYuan 2-foot-tall tower built a five layer. Contrary to baoji famen temple tower by adding, wild goose pagoda is a temple built tower. During wu zetian changan reconstruction. Then after a lot of dressing. Wild goose pagoda is the famous tourist attraction in the tang dynasty, and therefore have a lot of literati, words, title of the Ming and qing dynasty which alone there are more than two hundred. Big wild goose pagoda in the temple is the tang dynasty monk xuan zang specializing in translation and the scriptures. Buddhist sutras introduced from tianzhu master xuan zang, once conducted temple in the temple service, with "fear generation who, after the loss, and difficult to fire" and make appropriate arrangements via like sarira, citing is outside a temple was built stone tower a, hence march Tang Yonghui three years (AD 652) attached to the chart to write. The emperor tang planning FuTu total 45 zhangs by xuan zang, with enormous project to achievement, and unwilling to mage toil, citing court grant funding 2-foot-tall tower built in the temple west yuan five layer. Wild goose pagoda, this tower due later in changan jianfu temple built a small wild goose pagoda, the temple tower was called wild goose pagoda, jianfu temple tower was called the small wild goose pagoda, has spread so far. Imitation of the western regions of great wild goose pagoda Su slope shape, wall brick surface soil core, not climbing, each layer sarira. Master xuan zang personally presided over a tower, built in two years. For brick topsoil heart, wind and rain erosion, more than 50 years after the tower gradually collapse.

Wu zetian changan years (AD 701-701), the queen Wu zetian and nobility, give money to build on the site, for seven new layer, the blue brick flies in the tower (another story, 704 AD as of great wild goose pagoda, tower increased to 10 layers. In 931 AD, when the later tang dynasty five dynasties period to rebuilding, wild goose pagoda to seven layers). After tang dynasty, temple temple by repeated warfare, the house burned down, only the wild goose pagoda alone.

In 931 AD (five generations of the later tang dynasty changxing two years) repair again for wild goose pagoda. Later in a large earthquake happened in xi an region, the wild goose pagoda tower fell, the tower shatter. (the original tower 11 floors) said "the second tablet" quiet st.

游客朋友们：

大家好!今天我们要参观是大雁塔景区和曲江旅游区，首先我们来到是大雁塔景区。 大雁塔景区是国家AAAA级景区，由前面大慈恩寺、大雁塔以及南北广场和东西两苑组成，占地约五百亩。

《西游记》里唐僧可谓家喻户晓，他原型就是我国唐代著名高僧玄奘，玄奘与大慈恩寺以及大雁塔有着十分密切联系。今天参观完这里，大家就可以有一个十分清晰了解了。

现在我们所处位置就是就是大雁塔南广场，广场中央矗立就是玄奘法师高大铜像。你看他气宇轩昂，身披袈裟，手执锡仗，步伐坚定，好象正在奔波在西行取经路途上。玄奘是我国古代著名佛学家、翻译家、旅行家。他姓陈名祎，河南偃师人，自幼聪慧超群，勤奋好学。13岁被朝廷破格录取，在洛阳净土寺剃度为僧。

玄奘先后周游全国十余省，遍访十余位高僧名贤，拜学经典，穷尽各家学说，誉满京师，被誉为“释门伟器和佛门千里驹”。贞观三年，为解决佛教中疑难问题前去佛教发源地天竺，即今印度取经，著《大唐西域记》一书，是我国取经者中成就最卓著之人。公元645年在被授予佛教界最高称号“三藏法师”后，返回长安，潜心翻译佛教经典19年。唐太宗尊称他是“法门之领袖”，唐高宗称他是“真如之冠冕”。

在玄奘铜像身后，就是大慈恩寺，即玄奘开创慈恩宗祖庭。慈恩寺，又名无漏寺，是公元648年太子李治为了追念他母亲文德皇后而建，具有其他寺院望尘莫及显赫地位和宏大规模。这座寺院当年由13座庭院组成，面积达34O亩，是现在寺院面积7倍。其建筑富丽堂皇，装饰华丽富贵。

现在我们来到大慈恩寺门口，大家看，门匾上“大慈恩寺”几个金光闪闪大字是江爷爷同志亲自题写。寺院正门又称为山门，也叫三门。中间是空门，东边是无相门，西边是无作门，象征入门三解脱。所以人们常将出家作各尚叫作坠入空门。我们现在就从这里进入寺院吧，而是继续我们参观。

大家可以看到左右各有一楼。东边是钟楼，里边悬挂有一口铁钟，铸于公元1548年，重15吨，钟上有“雁塔晨钟’4个苍劲大字。钟自铸成一直沿用至今。每天寺院僧人闻钟而起，闻鼓而眠。晨钟共敲3阵，每阵36响，共鸣108响，表示断除尘世人生108种烦恼，祈祷盛世太平，万民安乐，五谷丰登。关中八景之一“雁塔晨钟”由此而来。西边是鼓楼，楼里悬挂一面大鼓。钟鼓皆为寺院大型法器。

众所周知，大雄宝殿是寺院中心建筑。大家面前高台上建筑就是大雄宝殿。大殿前香火兴旺，大殿上面三座塑像是佛祖三身佛像。中为法身毗卢遮那佛，西为报身卢舍那佛，东为应身释迦牟尼佛。佛像两侧是佛弟子，东为迦叶，西为阿难，两旁还有普贤菩萨和文殊菩萨塑像，均为明代雕塑，象征真理和智慧。东西两厢排列着包括玄奘和庆友在内18尊罗汉像。在大殿供奉主尊背后塑有南海观音菩萨及众菩萨、龙女、木叉等150身人物。

好了，我们现在穿过大雄宝殿，可以看到后面这个藏经楼，在这里存有《藏文大藏经》等重要经典。楼下是讲堂，为佛教徒讲经说法之处，供奉阿弥陀佛铜像一尊，系明代铜铸鎏金佛像。殿内珍藏玄奘亲手供奉佛座一件，还有玄奘负笈图及窥基、圆测碑拓画像等。

继续往北面走，我们可以看到坐落于寺院内大雁塔。它是我国现存年代最早楼阁式砖塔，被视为古都西安象征。大雁塔建于唐高宗永徽三年，因坐落在慈恩寺内，故又名慈恩寺塔。大雁塔初建时只有五层。武则天时重修，后来又经过多次修葺，建为七层，人们常说“救人一命，胜造七级浮屠”即由此而来。

大雁塔高64。7米，呈方锥形。塔底层边长25米，每层四面各有一个砖券拱门。整座塔造型简洁，气势雄伟，是我国佛教建筑艺术杰作。唐末以后，寺院屡遭兵火，殿宇焚毁，只有大雁塔巍然独存。塔内有楼梯，可以盘旋而上。站在塔上凭栏远眺，长安风貌尽收眼底。等一会儿，有兴趣朋友可以登塔游览。

{走近大雁塔，西侧门楣上雕刻有唐代建筑图案和佛像等线刻画，传为唐代大画家阎立本手笔。塔南门两侧砖龛内，嵌有李世民、李治分别撰写《大唐三藏圣教序碑》和《述三藏圣教序记碑》，称颂玄奘法师献身佛教事业伟大精神，由唐初四大书法家之一褚遂良所书，是价值极高艺术珍品。}

“雁塔题名”也是大雁塔独有一道风景。自唐中宗神虎年间，进士张莒登塔题名，后文人们竞相效仿，相沿成习。唐代士子考取进士后，都要登上雁塔赋诗并将姓名、籍贯、及第时间用墨笔题留于雁塔墙壁之上。日后升为卿相还要用朱笔改写。“雁塔题名”被视为人生一大荣耀之事。白居易在考中进士、登上雁塔时就作诗说：“慈恩塔下题名处，十七人中最少年。”反映了他少年得志喜悦心情。

游客朋友，绕过大雁塔向北，我们前往玄奘三藏院门。大门前修了一座长20多米，高2米多汉白玉照壁，照壁南面是集褚遂良字刻“法门领袖”四个字，北面是赵朴初题写“民族脊梁”四个字。玄奘三藏院是一组仿唐风格建筑群，由中院大遍觉堂、东院般若堂、西院桃明堂三部分组成，其中大遍觉堂供奉玄奘法师顶骨舍利是本寺镇馆之宝。玄奘其它灵骨舍利已广布世界各地，象征和传播着玄奘精神将与日月同辉，与天地同在。

好了，各位朋友。大慈恩寺和大雁塔参观就到这里，现在我们一起去看一看大雁塔北广场吧。大雁塔北广场位于著名大雁塔脚下，东西宽480米，南北长350米，占地252亩，由近2万平方米音乐喷泉广场和文化广场、园林景观、文化长廊、旅游商贸等设施组成。

这里音乐喷泉是亚洲最大喷泉广场，每天中午12：30都会准时开放，到时大家可以前来观赏。广场南北高差9米，分成9级，每个踏步为5级，意蕴“九五之尊”。由北向南逐步拾级，形成对大雁塔膜拜，将古都风韵与现代风采完美结合。20__年12月31日建成开放，它是全中国唯一一座唐文化广场，目前已成为西安“城市会客厅”和“城市名片”。大家如果喜欢这里，就可以经常来我们西安客厅里来坐一坐。

大雁塔景区讲解到这里就结束了。下午我们将去参观大唐芙蓉园和曲江海洋馆等景点。大唐芙蓉园是在唐代芙蓉园遗址上修建，完全仿照了唐代皇家园林建筑形式，于20__年建成并对游人开放，占地面积1000亩，总投资13亿元人民币。内有紫云楼、凤鸣九天歌剧院、陆羽茶社、仕女馆等等许多仿唐建筑群，拥有全球最大水幕电影，是我国第一个全方位展示大唐文化与风貌主题公园，被誉为“盛唐主题天下第一园”。

曲江海洋馆，是西部最大海洋馆，占地90亩，总投资3。5亿元人民币。主要由海豚表演馆、海洋科普馆、热带雨林馆、海底隧道和水下大观园等部分组成。

在曲江旅游区，我们还可以参观到传说中薛平贵与王宝川爱情故事发生地寒窑以及以平民身份埋葬秦二世胡亥墓。

好，现在大家自由参观，一个小时后我们在这里集合，谢谢大家!

大雁塔位于南郊慈恩寺内，建于唐高宗永徽三年，为唐名僧玄奘保存经书而建。新修的大雁塔北广场是全国唯一的唐文化广场，它东西宽218米，南北长346米。广场两旁，绿树成荫，树下有古代诗人的古诗，地上有古代诗人不同字体。游人们都在树下休息，有些小孩在树下玩耍，大家都不亦悦乎。

我们来到了全亚洲最大的喷泉，它随着动听的旋律，喷泉开始了舞蹈，在轻柔缓慢的音乐下，它像一只翩翩起舞的蝴蝶，在向人们展现自己的舞姿;在激情的音乐下，它像活泼的小精灵，在花丛中舞蹈。人们都意犹未尽，我也不例外。

天气像一个淘气的孩子，把刺眼的光芒撒向大地，让人们满头大汗，我们来到了大雁塔公园，那绿树成荫，鸟语花香，颇像一个人间仙境，漫步其中，犹如空中白云上那般惬意，阵阵微风吹过，大家都眉开眼笑呢!

夕阳西下，我要走了，我恋恋不舍地离开了大雁塔广场，心中不禁发出感叹：“好美啊!”我以后一定会再会来的，再来看看美丽的大雁塔广场!

Hello, everyone. Welcome to the ancient city of Xian. Today, Id like toshow you the big wild goose pagoda, the landmark of Xian.

When it comes to the big wild goose pagoda, I think your first impressionmust be related to the story of Monk Tang in Pilgrimage to the West. In history,Monk Tang is a real person, and its also true. The bronze statue we see now isthe Tang monk. His common surname is Chen. He was born in Yanshi, Henan Provincetoday. His parents died early. When he was 13, he converted to Buddhism. At theage of 20, he was given a full precept in Chengdu. He had traveled all over theworld and visited famous teachers. In the process of his hard study of Buddhism,he felt that there were many different opinions about Buddhism and there was noway to understand it. So he came up with the idea of seeking Dharma in India. Inthe early Tang Dynasty, he came to India with a large number of businessmen. Ittook him 20__ years to travel more than 100000 miles through more than 100countries and regions. It can be said that he had passed the Gobi desert where"there are no birds on the top and no animals on the bottom", passed through theflame mountain, and "cooking by hanging kettle and lying on ice". With thisamazing perseverance, he overcame all kinds of difficulties and arrived in IndiaThere are 657 Buddhist scriptures. In 20__ of Tang Zhenguan, he returned toChangan. Lets look at this bronze statue. Tang Monk holds a staff in one handand bows in the other hand. His eyes are bright. His pace is calm and hisexpression is firm. He seems to be walking on the long road of learning Buddhistscriptures.

[Cien Temple - Mountain Gate - Bell and Drum Tower - Daxiong Hall - titleof wild goose pagoda]

Next, well visit dacien temple. The former name of dacien temple is "WulouTemple". Wulou means no worries. When Emperor Gaozong Li Zhi was the crownprince of Tang Dynasty, in order to recommend Ming Fu to his mother, empressWende, who passed away, and cherish his mothers great kindness, he rebuilt andexpanded the temple here and renamed it dacien temple. Now we come to the gateof dacien temple. The main gate of the temple is called Shanmen, which is alsocalled Sanmen. The empty gate in the middle, Wuzuo gate and Wuxiang gate on theleft and right sides respectively, symbolize the three liberation gates ofBuddhism. The plaque on the gate is a few big characters of "dacien Temple"written by Comrade __ himself.

Walking into the temple, we can see two small buildings. To the East is thebell tower. Inside is an iron bell cast in the Jiaqing period of the MingDynasty. It weighs 30000 Jin. The patterns, patterns and words on the bell areclearly visible. The front of the bell body is engraved with the words "morningbell of wild goose pagoda". For a long time, "the morning bell of the wild goosepagoda" has been regarded as one of the eight scenic spots in Guanzhong. To thewest is the drum tower, in which there is a big drum. The bell and drum are thelarge-scale magic weapons of the temple, which are basically used to tell thetime. Monks wake up and sleep when they smell the bell and the drum everyday.

As we go on, what we see is the central building of the whole temple, whichis called Daxiong hall. "Daxiong" is the honorific name for Sakyamuni, in whichSakyamunis three body Buddha is worshipped. First of all, we can see that themiddle one is called Dharma Buddha viluzana Buddha, which means the pure body ofBuddha nature. On the left side is the Bodhisattva Buddha lushana Buddha, whichmeans the body of Buddhas fruit is perfect. On the right side is the BuddhaSakyamuni Buddha refers to all changeable bodies, and refers to the body of allliving beings. On both sides of the statue are the disciples of the Buddha, withKaya in the East and Ananda in the West. There are also statues of ManjusriBodhisattva and Puxian Bodhisattva on both sides.

On the west wall of Daxiong hall, there are several steles of "Yan TA TiMing Ji". The "Yan TA Ti Ming Ji" began in the Tang Dynasty, which is a verypopular custom in the Tang Dynasty. That is to say, as long as the candidatesare admitted to the new imperial examinations, they have to come to the Yan TAfor inscription. They feel that it is a very glorious thing to be able toinscribe under the Yan TA, and they feel that climbing on the Yan TA has beenpromoted step by step since then Qingyun, poet Bai Juyi of Tang Dynasty, wrote apoem after he was admitted as a scholar in the examination, saying: "theyoungest of the seventeen people is at the title under the tower of mercy".

[Fatang - name of Dayan Pagoda - construction and cultural relics of DayanPagoda - Xuanzang Sanzang academy]

Next, lets visit the Dharma hall, which is usually a Buddhist preachingplace. In Qujiang tourist area, the place we can also visit is equivalent to ourcurrent classroom. In the Dharma hall, Amitabha, who is in charge of the WesternParadise, is worshipped. On the east wall of the Dharma hall, there are threerubbings. The middle one is "the picture of Xuanzangs collection", whichdescribes Xuanzang carrying scriptures and hanging street lamps in front, Onboth sides of the rubbings are yuancha and peep Ji, two of Xuanzangs disciples.Yuancha is the grandson of Xinluo state, peep Ji is the nephew of Yuchi Gong, afamous general in the early Tang Dynasty. Both of them worship Xuanzang as theirteacher, which shows Xuanzangs great reputation at that time.

We can see the big wild goose pagoda behind the Dharma hall. Here I wouldlike to introduce the origin of the name of the great wild goose pagoda. Firstof all, it is called "Gensuo" in the western regions and "Yan" in the TangDynasty, so the name of the wild goose pagoda is pronounced in Sanskrit

In the early days of Buddhism, there were two schools: Mahayana andHinayana. Mahayana Buddhism abstained from eating meat, while Hinayana did not.There is a monastery in mogatuo. The monks of the monastery believe in HinayanaBuddhism. One day, when noon is coming, the monks are hungry, and lunch has notbeen settled yet. They complain very much. One monk sees a group of wild geeseflying by in the air, and says jokingly: "we monks havent eaten meat for manydays. If the Bodhisattva has spirit, we should know our predicament! As soon asthe voice falls, we see that the monks of the leading monastery are in troubleNo meat for dinner. At this time, a group of geese flew by in the sky. A monklooked at the geese and said to himself, "today there is no meat in the monksroom. The merciful Bodhisattva will never forget what day it is." Before thevoice fell, the leading goose folded its wings and fell to the ground. The monkswere shocked and realized that the Tathagata tried to educate them. They kneltdown and buried the goose in the courtyard. He built a pagoda and named itYanta. From then on, he changed his belief to Mahayana instead of eating meat.This is the name of Yanta. The word "big" is added in front of the word "wildgoose pagoda". First, the building of the pagoda is magnificent; second, thelater Jianfu Temple Pagoda is also called the wild goose pagoda. In order todistinguish it, it is called the big wild goose pagoda and the small wild goosepagoda.

The Dayan Pagoda was first built in the third year of Yonghui reign ofEmperor Gaozong of Tang Dynasty. It was designed and built by master Xuanzanghimself, and it took two years to complete. At first, the wild goose pagoda wasfive stories, 180 feet high. Later, it was seriously damaged. When Wu Zetiancame, it was rebuilt into seven stories. People often say that "saving one lifeis better than building a seven level putu". Probably from this, the big wildgoose pagoda is a masterpiece of Buddhist art in China with its simple shape andmagnificent momentum. There are stairs in the tower to spiral up. The brickniches on the East and west sides of the South Gate of the tower are inlaid withthe stele of preface to the three Tibetan holy religions of the Tang Dynastywritten by Emperor Taizong Li Shimin and the stele of preface to the threeTibetan holy religions of the Tang Dynasty written by Emperor Gaozong Li Zhi.Both steles were written by Chu suiliang, a famous calligrapher in Tang Dynasty,and are known as "two saints and three unique steles".

Next, we will visit "Xuanzang Sanzang courtyard", which is a group ofimitative Tang Dynasty buildings. The whole courtyard is composed of threeparts: Guangming hall in the West courtyard, dabianjue hall in the middlecourtyard and Prajna hall in the east courtyard. The brilliant life of masterXuanzang is divided into two stages and displayed to the world at threedifferent levels. The Guangming hall in the West courtyard shows the experienceand moving deeds of the master from his birth to his forty years old The contentof Prajna hall in Dongyuan is the grand welcome of master Xuanzangs going backto the east to get the Scriptures and encourage him to translate, spread andspread the Scriptures until his death, which is called "the stage of translatingand spreading the scriptures". The middle dabianjue Hall shows the religiousbackground of the historical event of "Xuanzangs going back to the East" with adeeper connotation.

[Dayan Pagoda North Square - Tang Furong Garden - Qujiang Ocean Museum -hanyao - Hu Hai tomb]

Dayan Pagoda has been the place of Qujiang since ancient times. Lets visitseveral other famous scenic spots in Qujiang tourist area.

First of all, lets visit the north square of the great wild goose pagoda.This is a theme square highlighting the great wild goose pagoda, the great CienTemple and the culture of the Tang Dynasty. It was built in 20__. It is composedof the fountain water scenic area, the relief scenic area of the Tang Dynasty,the East-West pedestrian street of the Tang Dynasty, and the Tang poetry gardenarea. It has the largest music fountain in Asia. It has become the "Cityreception hall" and "city card" of Xian.

Next, we come to Tang Furong garden. It was built on Tang Furong gardensite, completely imitating the architectural form of Tang Dynasty Royal Garden.It was built in 20__ and opened to tourists. It covers an area of 1000 mu, witha total investment of 1.3 billion yuan. There are many Tang style buildings,such as ziyunlou, Fengming Jiutian opera house, Luyu tea house, ladies hall,etc. it has the largest water screen film in the world. It is the first themepark in China to show the culture and style of the Tang Dynasty in an all-roundway, and is known as the "No.1 theme park of the Tang Dynasty in the world". InQujiang tourist area, we can visit Qujiang aquarium. It is the largest aquariumin Western China, covering an area of 90 mu with a total investment of 350million yuan. It is mainly composed of dolphin performance hall, Ocean ScienceMuseum, tropical rainforest Museum, undersea tunnel and underwater Grand ViewGarden. We can also visit hanyao, the place where the love story between XuePinggui and Wang Baochuan took place, and the tomb of Qin II Hu Hai, which wasburied as a civilian.

All right, my friends, this is the end of my explanation. Thank you!

“要看中国的五百年，请到北京；要看中国五千年，请到西安”，看到这就应该知道西安历史的悠久，西安曾是十三个朝代的首都，也是中国七大古都之一，更与雅典、开罗、罗马一起被誉为“世界四大文明古都”。西安，古称长安。遍布西安的帝王陵墓、宫殿遗址、古刹名寺和园林名胜，是西安成为了一座历史文化的宝库，数不胜数的文物古迹都向人们彰显它曾经有过的辉煌以及深厚丰富的历史文化魅力。就是在这样一个城市，在这你可以感受到中国几千年的沧桑变化，以及中华文明的发展和中华民族的伟大。

20xx年1月14日，在北京举行的国家5A级旅游景区授牌仪式上，西安曲江大雁塔？大唐芙蓉园景区成功晋升国家5A级景区，成为我省继兵马俑、华清池和黄帝陵之后，第四家国家5A级旅游景区，是西安市属第一家5A级景区，是全国首个区域性、多景点整体打包晋级的国家5A级景区。

西安曲江大雁塔？大唐芙蓉园景区位于西安曲江新区核心区域，总面积3.8平方公里，是中国唯一的唐文化主题景区。这里有唐都长安玄奘译经之地、佛教祖庭—大慈恩寺；西安地标、千年古迹—大雁塔；构架山水、师法自然，保存唐大慈恩寺大雄宝殿殿基遗址的唐大慈恩寺遗址公园；中国第一个全方位展示盛唐风貌遗址公园—大唐芙蓉园；以唐代曲江池遗址为摹本，因循山水格局的开放式文化体验公园—曲江池遗址公园；在历经1400多年风雨的唐城墙遗址之上，恢复再现的以唐诗人物和唐诗意境为主题的唐城墙遗址公园；还有亚洲最大矩阵式音乐水舞广场、大雁塔文化休闲景区、炫美盛唐天街以及大唐不夜城。

景区文化历史资源厚重，景色宜人环境优美，处处体现着环保理念与人文关怀，已成为西安城市新名片，古都旅游新品牌。游客步入景区之中，每一个脚印都行走在遗址之上，每一次游历都在完成着与历史的对话。

出卖人：_________________(以下简称甲方)

住所地：_________________

法定代表人：_________________

买受人：_________________(以下简称乙方)

住所地：_________________

法定代表人：_________________

甲、乙双方根据有关法律规定，在平等、自愿的基础上，经充分协商，就乙方购买甲方产品达成以下买卖合同条款。

一、产品名称、型号、数量

二、产品质量

1、质量标准：_________________

2、乙方对产品质量的特殊要求：_________________

3、乙方对产品包装的特殊要求：_________________

4、乙方对产品质量有异议的，应当在收到产品后五日内提出确有证据的书面异议并通知到甲方;逾期不提出异议的，视为甲方产品质量符合本合同约定要求。但乙方使用甲方产品的，不受上述期限限制，视为甲方产品符合合同约定要求。

三、产品价款

1、产品的单价与总价：_________________

上述货物的含税价为：_________________总价款为：_________________

2、甲方产品的包装费用、运输费用、保险费用及交付时的上下列支费用等按下列约定承担：_________________

甲方产品的包装物由_________提供，包装费用由_________承担。

甲主产品的运输由_________办理，运输费用由_________承担。

甲方产品的保险由_________办理，保险费用由_________承担。

甲方产品交付时的上下力支费用由_________承担。

乙方承担的上述费用，乙方应当在甲方交货前一次性给付甲方。

当一名空中乘务员是许多人追逐的梦想。空中乘务员这项工作其实不像大家想象的那样神圣。带着众多问题，下面我给大家谈一谈空中乘务员工作心得:

空中乘务员工作不但薪资高、工作环境好、而且地位看上去很不错。这的确是一个事实!空中乘务员工作往往给人一种神秘感，其实不要把这一职业过分理想化。当你乘坐飞机在外面飞一天的时候，一站就是十几个小时，从早到晚十几个小时我们对顾客都要面带微笑，都得呈现出饱满热情的状态。天长日久，这也是对我们身体的严峻考验。所以空乘人员的业务素质和心理素质要求以及工作量大等方面也都是我们了解的方面。空中乘务员工作特点贯穿于整个飞行准备和着陆其间， 它与地面餐饮招待服务有很大的不同和难度要求。 我先从空中乘务员工作的岗位职责说起吧。

空中乘务员应对乘客提供的服务如：饮料、餐点、旅行常识以及简单的医疗协助。当飞机遭遇紧急情况必须迫降海上或陆地时，空中乘务员就要根据平日训练程序并在机长的指导下，协助乘客迅速安全撤离飞机。空中乘务员还要帮助乘客解决医疗问题和应急情况。FAA在急救训练的要求上涉及到了紧急情况的处理，包括"疾

病、受伤或其它异常情况"。在25000英尺以上高空工作的机组人员，必须接受与海拔有关的各种应急教育，如处理呼吸困难、缺氧等情况。 一般而言， 空乘人员必须在飞机起飞前完成报道手续(国内航线30分钟， 国际航线40分钟)， 报到前服装仪容必须准备完毕。起飞前机长会集合全体人员做任务指示和分配。空乘人必须整理报纸杂志准备毛巾，饮料以及餐点。旅客登机时，空中乘务员应在门口欢迎，指引旅客入座以及飞机起飞前救生衣示范及检查安全带情况。国内航线航程较短， 服务项目比较简单。当飞机降落时，空中乘务员要向乘客广播并回收报纸和耳机。我们除了确保乘客有舒适的飞行条件之外，还负责机上乘客的安全。

新来的空中乘务员必须参加初始培训，时间通常为六周，内容包括：熟悉飞机、应急程序以及机上服务等。为了保持熟练度，他们每年都要接受培训。许多人认为，无非就是“端茶送水”。其实，到了乘务培训中心，你会改变原来的观念。客舱服务原来并不简单，它是一门科学，尤其空中服务更有其特殊的要求，有不同于其他的特色。

当“航班延误时，我们该怎么办”、“遇到特殊旅客，比如一个航班同时有七八个小孩怎么办”、“遇到熟客如何处理”等等，诸如这些实际飞行工作中碰到的难点、重点、疑点，都是乘务培训的主要内容。它具体包括航空服务礼仪、航空机械知识、气象、地理知识、空中医疗服务、客舱服务技能、机型知识、应急处置、形体等20余门课程。

新的空中乘务员上岗之前，一般都经历这几个培训阶段：

☆军训阶段：按照军人的要求进行严格训练、锻炼吃苦耐劳的精神，培养良好的作风和生活秩序，为做一名合格空乘打下坚实的基础。

◇理论学习阶段：时间一个月左右。主要学习英语、航空理论与航空技术知识、航空气象、形体、健美操等。

☆实际操作阶段(专业训练)：时间一个半月。主要是客舱服务、各种机型教学、紧急救治等。

◇思想政治教育：主要进行时事政治教育。 空乘人员在飞机上的活动空间有限， 服务重复单调，国内航线反复起降，国际航线劳动量大，时间长。有些乘客的素质可能你也听说了，所以要求空中乘务人员要有一定的耐心和心理承受能力。

以上是我写的空中乘务员工作心得，希望能给即将步入空中乘务行业的学员一点经验，希望步入这个行业的你通过我的空中乘务员工作心得带给你更多的帮助!

甲方：_________

乙方：_________

双方责任：

甲方：

为乙方提供航空器、理论教材、飞行教官、理论教员、培训场所。

协助乙方办理人身意外保险及食宿事宜，费用由乙方自理。

按照61训练规定及私用培训大纲向乙方提供学习_________训练_________小时，培训周期约为_________天。

代乙方申办由中国民用航空总局颁发的飞行驾驶执照。

负责购买航空器、第三者和飞行教官的保险。

乙方：

负责受训期间食宿及往返旅差费用。

办理人身意外险，向甲方缴交免冠证件照10张填写受训人情况登记表。

负责体检相关费用，按时支付培训所需费用。

培训期间遵守甲方的有关规定，如有违规，按甲方有关规定处理。

甲方收取乙方下列费用：

飞行教学小时费_________元;

理论授课费_________元;

其它费用_________元;

乙方在签定培训合同至开训前向甲方支付飞行小时费_________元，授课费_________元，其它费用_________元，合计_________元。

有关事项：

学员在训练期间需体验其他机型时，按实际飞行小时收费。

乙方在毕业前必须经中国民用航空总局或地区管理局委任的飞行检查代表进行航空理论和飞行驾驶术的考试合格，甲方才能按规定给予申办私用驾驶执照，并在天内发证给乙方。

如乙方完成飞行培训_________小时，尚未达到飞行技术质量要求标准，经双方商定可增加飞行教学时间，其增加的飞行时间由乙方按收费标准的第一项付款，如增加飞行时间后，仍未达到技术标准时，其责任由乙方负责。

如乙方因中途退学，由乙方按收费标准中的一、二项付给甲方费用，其余按已发生的实际费用支付给甲方。

培训期间不论发生任何意外事故，甲乙双方概不追究双方任何责任。乙方负责处理自身事务;甲方负责处理飞机、教员及第三者的一切事务并承担一切费用。

在培训期间如遇本合同未尽事宜，由甲乙双方共同商定，商定的条款与本合同具有同等法律效力。

本合同一式_________份，甲乙双方各执_________份。

本合同自双方签字之日起生效。

甲方：_________乙方：_________

法定代表人：_________

_________年____月____日_________年____月____日

签订地点：_________签订地点：_________

大雁塔在建时高60米，5层，砖表土心，光盘梯。后塔心砖缝草木丛生，渐趋颓废。经武则天长安年间、唐玄宗天宝年间、后唐长兴年间几次改造，大雁塔比原先长高了4.5米，还加了两层。底层每边长25米，基座为方形，边长45米至48米，每层四面均有券门，塔内装有楼梯。塔底层门楣上均有精美的线刻佛像，尤其是西门楣的释迦牟尼佛说法图，上刻当时废殿建筑的写真图，传为唐代大画家阎立本的手笔，是研究后代佛教文化和建筑艺术的珍贵资料。

塔南门东西两侧的砖龛内镶嵌有唐太宗李世民撰的《大唐三藏圣教序》碑和唐高宗李治撰的《大唐三藏圣教序记》碑。两碑都是唐代著名书法家褚遂良书写，为唐代碑刻中的精品，是受国家保护的珍贵书法原刻，是研究古代书法艺术的重要实物资料。完全可以这样说，这座仿木结构的楼阁式方形砖塔，造型简洁，气势雄伟，有显著的民族特色和时代风格，是我国佛教建筑中的杰作。

大雁塔前身是著名的慈恩寺。慈恩寺初名无漏寺，到了唐贞观二十二年(公元648年)高宗李治做太子时，为追念死去的母亲长孙皇后的恩德，下令在长安晋昌坊建造寺院，敕赐“慈恩”。它北面正对大明宫含元殿，占地26570平方米，周边风景优美，为唐都长安最宏伟、最壮观之佛教寺院。下面，请大家随我一起走进慈恩寺和大雁塔游览一番。

游客们，大雁塔自建成至今，历代名人都留下了传诵千古的佳句。杜甫有‘高标跨苍穹，烈风无时休”的赞语，岑参有“塔势如涌出，孤高耸天宫;登临出世界，蹬道盘虚空”的名句。诗人气势磅礴的描写与富于哲理的感叹，常常在人们登塔时引起共鸣。

那么，我们今天的参观游览就到这里，谢谢大家!

甲方(定做人)：签订日期：

签订地点：

乙方(承揽人)：合同编号：

甲、乙双方在平等自愿，协商一致的基础上，就有关事宜达成如下协议：

一、产品及相关说明

二、定作物的质量

1、双方按样品生产，应在生产前进行封样。

2、定作物(模具)适用成型的塑料原料为。

3、定作物的质保期为1年，在上述保质期内，乙方对定作物负有质量担保义务，发生质量问题时，乙方应负责维修。

三、技术资料与图纸

1、甲方应在本合同生效后一周内将技术资料或封样样品交付给乙方。

2、双方对履约过程中知悉的技术资料与图纸、封样样品等商业秘密，均负有保密义务。

四、定作物的交付与运输

1、乙方的交货期限为天，自预付款到乙方账户之日算起，预付款为合同总金额的30%。

2、乙方应在约定期限内向甲方交付模具，运费由乙方承担，每延迟一天，乙方应向甲方支付合同总额3‰的违约金。

五、定作物的验收

1、乙方在模具制作完成发货前，甲方应付给乙方合同总金额40%的货款，并开具发票。

2、定作物(模具)到甲方工厂后，乙方须派技术人员到甲方调试生产出合格产品后，甲方付20%的款项。

3、余款10%为质保金，自设备验收合格之日起满12个月时付清。

六、违约责任

1、乙方负有及时交货与质量保证的义务。

2、甲方负有及时接收货物与付款的义务。

3、双方均应恪守履约，若乙方违约，违约方应向守约方承担违约责任，并赔偿守约方为维权而产生的诉讼费、律师费、交通费、取证费等。

七、争议解决

本合同生效后，双方应严格履行，任何一方都不得擅自解除，如有争议应甲乙双方协商解决，协商未果，发生纠纷，由甲方工商注册地有管辖权的人民法院管辖。

八、本合同一式三份，经双方签字盖章生效。乙方执一份，遵照执行。

甲方：乙方：

地址：地址：

开户行：开户行

账号：账号：

电话：电话：

签约代表：盖章签约代表：盖章

时间：____年____月____日

大雁塔大雁塔简介大雁塔，又名大慈恩寺塔，唐高宗永徽三年（公元652年）玄奘法师为供奉从印度带回的佛像，舍利和梵文经典，在慈恩寺的西塔院建起一座高180尺的五层砖塔，后在武则天长安年间改建为七层。

大雁塔塔通高64.5米，塔体为方形锥体，造型简洁，气势雄伟，是我国佛教建筑艺术中不可多得的杰作。

唐代诗人岑参曾在诗中赞道："塔势如涌出，孤高耸天宫。登临出世界，磴道盘虚空。突兀压神州，峥嵘如鬼工。四角碍白日，七层摩苍穹"大雁塔的恢宏气势由此可见。

大雁塔位于陕西省西安市南郊慈恩寺内，是全国著名的古代建筑，被视为古都西安的象征。西安市徽中央所绘制的便是这座气势恢宏、古朴雄伟的唐代著名古塔。此塔是玄奘大师从印度（古天竺）取经回来后，专门从事译经和藏经之处。因仿印度雁塔样式修建，故名雁塔。由于后来又在长安荐福寺内修建了一座较小的雁塔，以示区别，人们把慈恩寺塔叫作大雁塔，荐福寺塔叫作小雁塔，一直流传至今。大雁塔平面呈方形，建在一座方约45米，高约5米的台基上。塔七层，底层边长25米，由地面至塔顶高64米。塔身用砖砌成，磨砖对缝坚固异常。塔内有楼梯，可以盘旋而上。每层四面各有一个拱券门洞，可以凭栏远眺，将长安风貌尽收眼底。塔的底层四面皆有石门，门桅上均有精美的线刻佛像，西门楣为阿弥陀佛说法图，图中刻有富丽堂皇的殿堂。画面布局严谨，线条遒劲流畅，传为唐代大画家阎立本的手笔，是研究中国古代建筑的重要资料。塔南门两侧的砖龛内，嵌有唐初四大书法家之一的褚遂良所书《大唐三藏圣教序》和《述三藏圣教序记》两块石碑，字体清秀潇洒。唐末以后，寺院屡道兵火，殿宇焚毁，只有大雁塔巍然独存。

我是深航的一名普通乘务员，从我穿上红色制服的那天起，我就知道飞行将占据我绝大部分的时间。我们日复一日的准备、开会、起飞、降落，年复一年的四季奔忙。没有亲人陪伴，没有至交相随，曾经的朋友们也因为一句“我要飞”而与我们渐渐疏远。生活似乎成了枯燥无聊的无限循环，没有尽头。我想，这或许也是身边一部分同事不再继续坚持飞行的原因吧。

这些问题，我也同样经历：母亲住院，我无法陪在她枕畔;20xx年挚友的婚礼，我放了她鸽子。也曾想过放弃，可我更加懂得肩上的那份责任，我更愿意坚持，坚持那份初心，坚持给自己一个满意的答复。慢慢地，我更加感激这样的生活，因为它塑造了我真正独立自主的内心，教会了我感恩、责任与担当。

记得刚刚带飞的第一班，作为新人的我反而成了大家关照的重点，大家帮我开餐，把每道菜打开，放好刀叉递给我，手把手教我用烤箱、烧水器、做咖啡底，反复地教我餐饮服务流程……刚飞的时候，我们没有分到师傅带飞，每天和不同的乘务组飞行，形形色色的性格，各种差异的喜好，我都小心拿捏。有人说太辛苦，有人说太害怕，可我却说太幸运，正因为有这样的经历，我才学到了更多。我很庆幸，我遇到的人都很善良，他们把宝贵的经验分享给我，对我犯的错误总是包容与鼓励，就这样，我一直被感动着，无偿接受着别人的帮助而进步着。

记得我进公司后的第一个生日，我的姐妹们12点在宿舍楼下给我生日的惊喜，那晚深圳下着细雨，我的心里早已是大雨倾盆了。那是我第一次在陌生的城市里感受到家的温暖，“感动”并不足以来形容我心中的波澜。

天气恶劣时，与我并肩作战的不只是同事，更有旅客们。航班大面积延误时，似乎被旅客责骂都是“理所当然”的，可我却遇到过，旅客上来就对我们说“你们辛苦了”。没有人闹事，更有安慰我们、关心我们的旅客，“这么晚了，你们还要飞回去吧，也辛苦了!”一瞬间，我眼眶发热。这一瞬间的感动相信不只在我心里有，很多一线同事们都感受过，这一剂强心针般的问候，总能让我们的心变得柔软，更能给我们正能量。

我记得一位年迈的阿婆下机时，她拉着我的手激动地说“谢谢你，小姑娘!”笑容和蔼温暖，一如她手心的温热;我记得有位旅客丢失了物品，我们帮助寻找，最终没有找到，但他依然向我们鞠了90度躬来表示感谢;我记得一位小小无陪儿童旅客在下机时对我说，“姐姐一定要来找我玩啊”;我记得……真心真诚的付出会换来同等的回报，感动就在你我身边。

感动的力量在我心里积聚，积聚成感恩，这是一个量变到质变的过程。我感恩，工作虽然辛苦劳累，可总是会有人看见你的辛苦，懂得你的不易;我感恩，虽然父母不在身边，可自己却塑造了丰满的羽翼可以翱翔天际;我感恩，生活总有很多不顺心与不如意，但总能在自我调节中找到满足和成就感。

在一个平凡的工作岗位上坚持，用心去发现你身边的正能量，感恩生活，你会发现，其实，我们看到的自己原来可以大不一样!

我国有被誉为世界八大奇迹的兵马俑、第一座佛教建筑白马寺、有凄美爱情传说的雷峰塔等等一些著名历史遗迹，但我一直念念不忘的是西安的大雁塔。今天，我终于踏上了大雁塔之旅。

一到那儿，远远就看见由亲笔题词的四个大字“大慈恩寺”，四个金色大字在黑色的木板上显得熠熠生辉。一进门就看见一座青铜佛像，这佛像就是玄奘，他是慈恩寺的第一任主持。玄奘一脸的安详，身披袈裟，手拿念珠，让我不禁想到玄奘寻找佛经的传说。玄奘那时在大沙漠里行走，身上的水袋已经没水了，他又累又渴，快走不动了，当时他想，我这么忠于佛教，还没有取到真经，难道就这样死了吗?这时天上飞来一只大雁，玄奘认为这是佛祖在帮助他，他就跟着大雁走，果真找到了水源，连佛祖也被玄奘执着的精神所感动。

当我看见佛像后面的大雁塔，也不由的震撼了。大雁塔有七层，看起来非常高，远远看去它像梯子又像一座通天桥，非常壮观。我到了大雁塔的里面，里面非常漂亮，红色的楼梯杆和黑色的楼梯很搭配，听说大雁塔的顶部有舍利子和珍贵的佛经。大雁塔的楼梯是旋转的，我们到了一个台子， 俯视慈恩寺的一切，我听旁边的人说：“这里可真是太美了，太整齐了。”有一位外国人说：“中国的慈恩寺真是太壮观了。”我听了心里美滋滋的。

夕阳西下，我走出大雁塔，夕阳下的大雁塔放佛披着一件金色的衣服，更是壮观雄伟，让我禁不住的赞叹。

回到家，我想到了玄奘的执着，大雁塔的壮观，我要学习玄奘对真理的执着，也对我国的历史而骄傲。

大雁塔北广场北起雁塔路南端，南接大慈恩寺北外墙，东到广场东路，西到广场西路，东西宽480米，南北长350米，占地252亩，建筑面积约11万平方米，总投资约5亿元。整个广场由水景喷泉、文化广场、园林景观、文化长廊和旅游商贸设施等组成。整个广场以大雁塔为中心轴三等分，中央为主景水道，左右两侧分置“唐诗园林区”、“法相花坛区”、“禅修林树区”等景观，广场南端设置“水景落瀑”、“主题水景”、“观景平台”等景观。它是亚洲雕塑规模最大的广场，广场内有2个百米长的群雕，8组大型人物雕塑，40块地景浮雕;拥有全世界最豪华的绿化无接触式卫生间，保持最清洁、世界上坐凳最多、世界最长的光带、世界首家直引水、规模最大的音响组合等多项纪录。

大雁塔位于南郊大慈恩寺内，是全国著名的古代建筑，被视为古都西安的象征。大雁塔北广场位于大雁塔脚下，东西宽480米、南北长350米，占地252亩，定大雁塔为南北中心轴。前广场设有山门及柱塔作为雁塔北路与广场轴线之转接点。由水景喷泉、文化广场、园林景观、文化长廊和旅游商贸设施组成。南北高差9米，分级9级，由南向北逐步拾级形成对大雁塔膜拜的形式。整个工程建筑面积约11万平方米，总投资约5亿元。广场整体设计概念上以突出大雁塔慈恩寺及唐文化为主轴，结合了传统与现代元素构成。北广场有四座石质牌坊，它们既是广场景观的标引物，又是北广场的招牌和景观。四座牌坊均用白麻石材贴面，形成中间高两边低的三门样式，呈现出平衡、稳定、简洁、大气的特点。牌坊题辞用唐人崇尚的字体书写，中间大匾额用颜真卿楷书大字，大气磅礴;两边上下联匾额题词用王羲之、王献之行书字体，典雅生动。"大唐盛世"带来了各行各业的空前繁荣和进步，此雕塑特意从诗歌、书法、茶道、医药等领域中选定了"诗仙"李白、"诗圣"杜甫、"茶圣"陆羽、"诗佛"王维、"唐宋八大家之首"韩愈、"书法家"怀素、"天文学家"僧一行、"药王"孙思邈八个精英人物，以逼真写实的雕塑手法展现在人们的面前。

大雁塔广场以大雁塔为中心，占地近1000亩，包括北广场、南广场、雁塔东苑、雁塔西苑、雁塔南苑、慈恩寺、步行街和商贸区等。整体设计凸显大雁塔慈恩寺及大唐文化精神，并注重人性化设计。

飞行培训及雇佣意向合同

合同编号：_________

甲方：_________

法定代表人：_________

甲方地址：_________

乙方：_________

身份证号码：_________

通讯地址：_________

邮编：_________

永久联系方式：_________

一、序言

甲方是经国家工商总局，中国民用航空总局（以下简称“民航总局”）共同批准设立的，具有民用航空器商用驾驶员执照培训资格的专业航空培训企业（机构）。

乙方由于职业规划及个人意愿，拟参加甲方组织的培训。

为此，甲乙双方在平等协商一致的基础上签订本合同，用以解释和规范甲方拟向乙方提供的培训的各项相关事宜。

二、乙方的权利与义务

获准参加甲方提供的飞行培训：

1.飞行培训的标准为：甲方以获得的中国民用航空总局批准的课程大纲为依据，设置培训课程和培训计划，并由乙方提供培训服务。

2.飞行培训的基本内容是：航空专业英语培训；私用驾驶员执照课程；仪表等级课程；商用驾驶员执照多发等级课程；20（二十）小时高级飞行培训；atpl执照理论考试专项培训。

培训费用的豁免：

2.在此过程中甲方将给予乙方足够的组织和协助，以便乙方通过航空公司的面试，政治审查以及与航空公司劳动合同的签订。

3.所豁免培训费用涵盖具体培训内容所涉费用，以及以下其它费用：教学课本，资料：乙方在甲方培训期间所需教学课本及资料。制服：甲方将为乙方提供3（三）套制服，费用由甲方承担。_____：甲方将为乙方在甲方培训期间提供人身意外伤亡事故_____，最高保额为人民币20（二十）万元，_____受益人由乙方确定，费用由甲方承担。

乙方通过航空公司面试，政治审查，并与航空公司签署劳动合同后，乙方的人事关系，档案将转入相应的航空公司。

三、甲方的权利与义务

乙方“适飞阶段”：甲方将在乙方开始正式的飞行培训的前30（三十）个小时（小时数有可能应航空公司要求而发生变更）课程完成后，对其是否适合飞行做出判断。如果其被确定为不适合飞行，将取消其培训资格。被取消培训资格飞行学员实际已产生的各项培训费用由甲方承担，同时协助安排乙方转入其它地面工作。

教学辅导：甲方将为乙方提供有价值的教学辅导。如果甲方确信其很困难或不可能完成飞行训练内容，将及时通知乙方。

学员培训进度报告单：甲方将为乙方保留档案，飞行经历记录及各类执照。

培训延误：甲方将不对任何非人为能控制的情况（包括但不局限于自然灾害，训练场地或器材的丧失，_____，火灾，恶劣气象条件，没收，征用，_____，_____，战争等）所造成的培训进度延误承担责任。如果由此导致培训计划发生变更，甲方应及时通知乙方。

乙方每星期休息两天。但是由于恶劣天气和其他不可抗力的影响，甲方将保留一周上课六天的权利，以保证教学进度。

甲方将提供乙方参加民航总局组织各类考试所需的场地和器材。

乙方学员必须遵守甲方的“学员个人行为准则”。

在飞行培训过程中，非因甲方故意，造成乙方死亡，伤残等损害，甲方不承担任何刑事和经济赔偿责任。

在飞行培训过程中，非因乙方故意，造成训练器材损坏，乙方不承担任何刑事和经济赔偿责任。

四、违约责任

乙方签署合同后如不能按照甲方要求如期参加培训，或在培训过程中无甲方接受的正当理由而自行中断培训，需向甲方支付_________（_________）圆整违约金。

自甲乙双方签字或盖章本合同，乙方通过甲方面试，且取得民航总局颁发的i类身体合格证之日起，如甲方在一个日历年内无法向乙方提供相应培训，乙方有权向甲方收取违约金_________（_________）元整。

五、争议解决

因履行本合同所发生的或与本合同有关的一切争议，双方应通过友好协商解决。

如双方通过协商不能达成合同时，则应提交北京_____委员会按照申请_____时该会现行有效的_____规则进行_____。_____裁决是终局的，对双方都有约束力。

六、其它说明

本合同生效条件（缺一不可）：

1.甲乙双方签字或盖章；

2.乙方通过甲方和航空公司面试；

3.乙方取得民航主管部门颁发的i类身体合格证；

4.乙方通过航空公司政治审查。

本合同一式_________份，甲乙双方各执_________份，均具有同等的法律效力，自乙方向甲方正式报到，接受培训之日起执行。

甲方（盖章）：_________乙方（签字）：_________

法定代表人（签字）：_________

_________年____月____日_________年____月____日

签订地点：_________签订地点：_________