登岳阳楼原文及译文推荐20篇

我们不得不承认在很多时候老师低估了学生的潜力，固而不给学生尝试的机会。学生潜在的创新思维就被我们这种“好心”给抹杀了。“说内容”给学生自由，给学生空间，给学生期待。让学生畅所欲言在自主活动中感受成功，收获惊喜。

从“谈方法”可以看出，学生的思维被激活了，教师到位而又不越位的点拨示范，打开了学生思维的闸门，让学生找到了感觉，尝到了好滋味。

交谈的形式，真正实现了新课标提倡的与文本对话与作者对话能开启学生的心灵，放飞学生的情愫，使学生茅塞顿开，豁然开朗，自然收到好的效果。但老师的适时点拨示范也是必不可少的。

《赤壁》是杜牧咏史诗中的名篇，主要写了诗人漫步沙滩，偶然间捡到一只折断的铁戟，磨光洗净后认出了是三国时代的兵器，由此产生了“怀古之幽情”，对历史上的赤壁之战提出了自已的见解。

这首诗从表达方式上看，前两句属于记叙，后两句属于议论，作者在议论中还抒发了自己的情感。引导学生赏析“东风不与周郎便，铜雀春深锁二乔”两句诗既是本课的教学重点，也是一个难点。为了更好地引导学生理解这两句诗，我设计了这样两个问题：一是作者借“二乔”来象征什么?这样写的好处是什么?二是体会“东风不与周郎便，铜雀春深锁二乔”这两句话的意思，并说说抒发了作者怎样的感情，这两句又蕴含了怎样的哲理?我在讲解这两个问题的同时也是在教学生赏析诗句的方法——从表现手法、诗句内容、作者情感、蕴含的哲理等角度去赏析。只有让学生掌握一些学习方法，才有利于学生鉴赏水平的提高。

在诗歌教学中，教授学生赏析诗句的方法很重要，引导学生进行对比阅读也很重要。教师积极引导学生阅读类似题材、风格的诗歌能加深学生对所学诗歌的理解，也有利于学生知识的积累。课堂上讲完《赤壁》后，我在拓展环节引导学生阅读杜牧的另一首咏史名篇《题乌江亭》。这首诗与《赤壁》一样，都是议论战争成败之理的，都是对历史上已有结局的战争作了假设性的推想。我引导学生赏析两首诗的异同。在我的引导启发之下，学生基本能理解两首诗在内容上很相似，而蕴含的哲理是不一样的。

这堂课最大的不足是很多学生对作者的情感、蕴含的哲理并不能完全理解，这让我感到诗歌教学任重道远，学生还需要在老师指导下进行长期的学习和积累。

各位游客：

大家好!欢迎大家游览江南三名楼之一的岳阳楼。

现在耸立在各位面前的就是岳阳楼。楼顶悬挂的“岳阳楼”三字横匾，是1961年毛泽东主席提议，请离沫若先生题写的。岳阳楼高21.35米，为四柱，三层，飞檐，盔顶，纯木结构。中间的本根楠木大柱从地到顶承载大部分重力，再用12根“金柱”作为内围，支撑二楼，外围绕以20根檐柱，彼此牵制成为整体，飞檐与屋顶用伞形架传载荷重。三楼用如意斗拱层叠相衬，拱托楼顶。全楼没用一块砖石，全都用木料构成门缝对榫，结构严整，工艺精巧，造型庄重。飞檐和楼顶，都是盖的黄色琉璃筒瓦。各层檐面都有四条脊，层脊上饰以荷花、莲蓬，翘首为凤凰;第二层为昂首的龙头;第三层饰以卷草，翘首为回纹形如意祥云。整个楼阁重檐鳌突，藻井锁窗，雕梁画栋，丹柱彩楹，金碧辉煌，庄严壮丽。特别是三楼楼顶，很像古代将军的头盔，被称为盔顶，这在这国古代建筑中是相当罕见的。整个岳阳楼的建筑在美学、力学、建筑学、工艺学方面都有惊人的成就，因而自古就享有“岳阳天下楼”的美称。

大家不禁要问，既然是天下名楼，为什么只建了三层呢?据说当时修建者是取天时、地利、人和之意。岳阳楼的前身是三国东吴大将鲁肃的阅军楼。在一千七百多年前的东汉建安二十年，东吴的孙权为了和刘务争夺荆州，派鲁肃率领万名将士，驻守战略要地巴丘，也就是今天的岳阳。鲁肃在洞庭湖操练水军，并在城西依山傍水的地方，修筑坚固的城池，建造了指挥和检阅水军的阅军楼，这就是岳阳楼的前身。唐朝时阅军楼扩建，它基本原有了建筑艺术和历史风貌。好，现在请大家随我进岳楼内参观。

各位游客，这里首先映入我们眼帘的便是在神驰已久的《岳阳楼记》雕屏，它由12块紫檀木组成。前面我们说到，岳阳楼这一名称是在唐朝时才启用的。这时期，李白、杜甫、刘禹锡、李商隐等才华横溢的风流名士，或是落拓不羁的迁客骚人相继接踵而来。他们登楼远眺，泛舟洞庭，奋笔书怀。

但是，岳阳楼真正名扬天下，还是在北宋滕子京重修，范仲淹做《岳阳楼记》以后。庆历四年，遭人诬告的滕子京被贬为岳州知府，他上任后便筹办三件大事：一是在岳阳楼湖下修筑偃虹堤，以便防御洞庭湖的波涛;二是兴办郡学，造就人才;三是重修岳阳楼。重修后的岳阳楼规模宏大壮观。滕子京是个文武兼备的人，他认为“楼观非不文字称记者不为久”。这样一座楼阁，必需要有一篇名记记述，才能流芳千古。于是，他想到与自己同中进士的好友范仲淹。便写了一封《求记书》，介绍岳阳楼修葺后的结构和气势，倾吐了请求范仲淹作记的迫切心情，并请人画了一幅《洞庭秋晚图》，抄录了历代名士吟咏岳阳楼的诗词歌赋，派人日夜兼程，送往范仲淹当时被贬的住河南邓州。范仲淹是北宋著名政治家、文学家、军事家，他和滕子京一样，因为主张革新政治，受到排斥和攻击，被贬到邓州。他接到滕子京的信件后，反复阅读，精心构思，终于写出了千古名篇《岳阳楼记》。这篇文章全文虽然仅有368个字，但是内容博大，哲理精深，气势磅礴，语言铿锵，其中“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”成为传世名句。其实，《岳阳楼记》之所以能历代传颂，主要是由于它把一个重大的思想命题，极其巧妙而生动简洁地融入对优美景物的描写之中。它启迪人们：“不以物喜，不以已悲”，昭示了“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”这一崇高的人生哲理。作者那高尚的情操和宽阔的胸怀，不能不令人扼腕浩叹。先忧后乐，掷地有声，它激励着一代又一代的人想人生，思荣辱，知使命。作为一种中华民族知识分子崇高人格文化的积淀，《岳阳楼记》以其至高至上的思想内容和艺术魅力，流传千古而不朽，滋养着人们的心灵。从那以后，岳阳楼的名声大震，传扬中外，这就是人们所说的“文以楼存，楼以文名”。据说滕子京接到范仲淹的《岳阳楼记》后，喜出望外，当即就请大书法家苏舜钦书写，并请著名雕刻家邵竦将它雕刻在木匾上。于是，楼、记、书法、雕刻全称“四绝”。可惜我们现在看到的并不是“四绝匾”。它早宋神宗年间便已经毁于大火之中。我们所见到的这幅雕屏是清代乾隆年间著名大书法家、刑部尚书张照书写的。

现在，让我们再注意一下一楼厅内的四根楠木大柱。这四根大柱自楼底直贯楼顶，支撑着整座楼的全部重量，再以12根柱代内圈，支撑二楼，周围绕以20根木柱，彼此牵制闩缝对榫，结为整体。整个岳阳楼为纯木结构，找不到一颗铁钉。各位还可以看到，在楼的四壁，悬挂着许多木刻匾对，这些都逝今名家吟咏岳阳楼的楹联。挂在楼堂正中的这副楹联，是清代大书法家何绍基写的，是岳阳楼长的一副。这副对联是：

一楼何奇?杜少陵五言绝唱，范希文两字关情，滕子京百废俱兴，吕纯阳三过必醉。诗耶?儒耶?吏耶?仙耶?前不古人，使我怆然涕下。

请君试看：洞庭湖南极潇汀，扬子江北通巫峡，巴陵山西来爽气，岳州城东道岩疆。潴者，流者，峙者，镇者。此中有真意，问谁领会得来。

上联以“一楼何奇”起首，列兴了诗圣、名儒、贤吏、酒仙在岳阳楼所留下的诗文政绩和传统，抒发了作者吊古伤今的感慨;下联介绍了巴陵的名山、大川、雄关、险邑。如果您记下了这了这副对联，那么您对岳阳楼便有了大致的了解。

(在岳阳楼二楼)

一来到二楼，大家马上就发现在二楼也悬挂了一副《岳阳楼记》雕屏。这是为什么呢?这里面淬着一个真实的故事。清道光年间，岳阳来了个姓吴的知县，他一上任就看中了岳阳楼上的《岳阳楼记》雕屏，便用重金贿赂一个民间艺雕高手，花了十七个月时间精心临摹，秘密仿制雕屏赝品。两年后，吴知县趁调离岳阳楼之机，偷梁换柱，携带家小和张照的雕屏真迹，在一个风雨交加的夜晚出逃。没想到船行不久，风雨大作，船被风浪掀翻在洞庭湖的九马嘴段，雕屏也随波逐流，因是紫檀木制成，全部沉入了水中。后来，湖水干浅，《岳阳楼记》雕屏的真迹才被当地渔民打捞上来。打捞时，不慎将第八块屏上的“歌互”二字和第十块上的“乐”字损坏。当地文士吴敏树闻讯后，用120纹银从渔民手中将雕屏买回，花了三年时间临摹张照的手迹，才补上被损坏的三个字。各位现在可以看到，雕屏上还有明显的修补痕迹。又过将近100年，岳阳楼再度整修时，地方官员用120块大洋从吴氏后代后中将屏赎回，挂在岳阳楼二楼，这才“完壁归赵”。至于一楼那副，虽是赝品，也有100年历史了，当然是文物了。两副雕屏一真一假，正像一张功罪表，昭示后代子孙，值得我们深思。

(上三楼)

现在我们登上了岳阳楼的三楼，楼堂正中悬挂着毛泽东主席手书杜甫《登岳阳楼》诗的木刻雕屏，杜诗为：“昔闻洞庭水，今上岳阳楼。吴楚东南坼，乾坤日夜浮。亲朋无一定，老病有孤舟。戎马关山北，凭轩涕泗流。”其书法笔意奔放，布局严谨，雄健挺拔，形神兼备，笔触与唐代怀素的狂草相似。这是1964年秋天，毛主席从长沙乘火车返回北京途经岳阳时，在列车上即兴而书的。在雕屏两侧，挂有岳阳楼短的一副对联，仅仅八个字。上联为“水天一色”，下联是“风月无边”。落款为“长庚李白”。当我们站在三娄凭窗远眺时，看到的洞庭湖水天相接，浑然一色;清风朗月，无边无际，山色湖光荟萃于楼时，得到的感觉正是“水天一色，风月无边”吗?后，请各位再抬头看楼顶。楼顶彩富有民族地方特色的如意斗拱层叠相衬，荷重承力，拱托楼顶，用伞形架传载负荷，和盔顶结构一样，这在我们现存的古建筑中也是罕见的。

为了深化名楼，丰富景区内容，岳阳楼正在加快景区建设，并已作出规划。岳阳楼的介绍我就给诸位讲解到这里，欢迎下次再到岳阳来。祝各位旅途愉快，一路顺风!

我去过江西的滕王阁，湖北的黄鹤楼，唯独没有去过湖南的岳阳楼，这次五一假期，爸爸妈妈带我终于完成了这个心愿。

岳阳楼是江南三大名楼之一，位于湖南省岳阳市区，洞庭湖畔，以前是三国时期鲁肃的阅军楼，后来慢慢变为观景游览的胜地，特别是范仲淹的《岳阳楼记》让它闻名天下，还有李白、杜甫、孟浩然、刘禹锡等诗人也曾经来过这里，流下了千古诗篇。

我们首先来到巴陵广场，正中央有一尊高大的“后羿斩蛇”石雕，在它右侧是观岳门，进入观岳门穿过汴河商业街，就来到岳阳楼景区大门，我急切的走进景区，首先映入眼帘的是唐宋元明清“五朝楼观”，其中唐朝的岳阳楼最为精致，屋顶上有五只凤凰，栩栩如生，非常精美!

沿着景区主路向前走，有诗词碑林、二王祠等景点，大约7分钟便可以看到岳阳楼，它建在一个宽大的底座上，楼高三层，四角向上翘起，金色的琉璃瓦，紫红色的立柱，特别是岳阳楼三个金色大字，在太阳的照射下熠熠生辉，在主楼两侧分别是三醉亭和仙梅亭。沿着楼梯走到三楼，我极目远眺，一望无际的洞庭湖，尽显豪迈，面对眼前的美景，我不由念起了“先天下之忧而忧、后天下之乐而乐”，也背诵起了刘禹锡的《望洞庭》……后面，我们还参观了怀甫亭、小乔墓、吕仙祠等景点。

下午三点，我们带着留恋踏上了归途，再见了岳阳楼，我还会再来目睹你的风采!

《我们的生命》这一课通过让学生在探寻生命孕育、生命成长的过程中，了解生命成长的不易，感受生命成长的快乐。认识到生命是美好也是脆弱的，自己的生命承载着家人的爱与期待，更关系着家人的欢乐与幸福，深刻领会“生命不仅仅属于自己”，从而倍加珍惜自己的生命。

导入环节以“吃喜面，大家是怎样为新生儿的诞生庆祝的。”这一以孩子们生活为基础的话题导入新课。接着，让学生说一说自己出生那一天，自己的家人是怎样度过的?心情如何?随着学生争相回答，课堂的气氛变得活跃起来。在孩子们情绪高涨之时，我提出：“你是怎样出生的?”这一问题激发学生求知欲，引导学生思考。我利用课件让学生了解生命孕育的过程，观看妈妈怀孕时的照片，想一想，妈妈在怀你的时候会想些什么?当你还在妈妈肚子里的时候，爸爸妈妈有些什么想法、感受和期盼，为了生个聪明健康的宝宝，他们是怎么做的? 让学生感受到，自己还未来到世上，家人已经倾注了无数的心血和汗水，而且还寄予了很多期望，从而要爱惜自己的生命。

在学完《小柳树和小枣树》一课后，我问孩子们：“你喜欢谁?为什么?”教室里一阵七嘴八舌之后，小手高高举起来了：

何博文说：我喜欢小枣树，小枣树听了小柳树挖苦她难看，她一句话都没说，也没有反过来去挖苦小柳树，他对朋友这么宽容，让我觉得小枣树并不难看。

逯子琪：小枣树在最美丽的时候也不取笑小柳树不结果，她有一颗宽容别人的心，小枣树在我眼里很美。

少康：对!我也喜欢小枣树，她在自己最美丽的时候，不得意忘形，还说出小柳树的许多长处来安慰小柳树。

听了孩子们的回答，我不禁暗暗欣喜，因为这节课在我的设计下进行的非常顺利，孩子们正好说出了我要对他们进行的思想教育。正在我松了一口气，打算结束这堂课时，“老师，我喜欢小柳树，我觉得她很美。”教室里突然冒出了这样一句，我始料未及，是不理睬他，绕开他的问题，继续按我的设计教学吗?稍微迟疑后，我决定改变教学设计，让这个孩子谈谈自己的看法。因为我觉得，课堂应该是允许学生质疑和发表不同观点的地方，学生思想碰撞后得出的认识，可能比按部就班地由教师传授、学生被动接受的收益要好得多。

Hello, everyone. Welcome to Yueyang Tower, one of the three famousbuildings in Jiangnan. Yueyang Tower is one of the national key cultural relicsprotection units and the first batch of 4A grade tourist areas. The landscapefeatures of Yueyang Tower can be summarized in four aspects. First, it has along history. Yueyang Tower, formerly known as Yuejun tower built by Lu Su, wasbuilt in the 19th year of Jianan (220__ AD) of the Eastern Han Dynasty, andbecame Yueyang Tower in the 2nd year of Qianyuan (759 AD) of emperor suzong ofTang Dynasty. Among the three famous buildings in the south of the YangtzeRiver, Yueyang Tower has the longest history. Second, it has unique scenery. Thescenery of Yueyang Tower is composed of river, lake, mountain and city. "Balingis like a victory, holding Yuanshan in a lake in Dongting, swallowing theYangtze River. Its boundless, bright and gloomy, and has a magnificentatmosphere.". Third, it has a profound culture. Yueyang Towers poetrycollection contains more than a thousand masterpieces, as well as a large numberof couplets, plaques, paintings and inscriptions. Most of them are permeatedwith the sense of hardship of famous Chinese people. For example, Du Fus"climbing Yueyang Tower" expresses his concern for the country and the people,and Fan Zhongyans "Yueyang Tower" brings this excellent tradition into fullplay. Su Dongpos philosophy of not being happy with things and not being sadfor himself, his sense of anxiety and happiness after the worlds worries, andhis spirit of integration made Su Dongpo express his emotion that "although itis not easy for sages to rise again"; Fourth, cultural relics are precious.Among the three famous buildings in the south of the Yangtze River, only YueyangTower is a state-level historical relic with historical, artistic and scientificvalue. Now we can see that Yueyang Tower is a pure wood structure, which wasoverhauled in 1983 according to the principle of "keeping the old as it is". Thewhole building is made of wood without a brick or a nail. The door seam ismortise and tenon, and the technology is very skillful. Well, friends, now infront of you is Yueyang Tower. The three characters "Yueyang Tower" on thehorizontal plaque were inscribed by Mr. Guo Moruo and have been included in thebook "Chinese famous plaque". You see, the whole building is supported by fourbig nanmu columns, which run from the bottom of the building to the top of thebuilding, and then the second floor is supported by 12 gold columns as the innerring, surrounded by 20 wooden columns, which are connected as a whole byrestraining the door joints and tenons. Yueyang Tower has three floors and threeeaves, with a helmet top wooden structure and yellow glazed tiles. Helmet top isthe outstanding feature of Yueyang Tower. You see, it looks like the helmet ofan ancient general. Its powerful and majestic. Its equipped with cornices. Ithas smooth curves and gives people a sense of power. If you look at the RuyiDougong under the helmet top, it looks like a honeycomb. It is layered andmatched. It is decorated with dragon head, phoenix head and cloud head. It notonly supports the gravity of the helmet top, but also makes the whole buildingmore exquisite, solemn and harmonious. Therefore, Yueyang Tower has made amazingachievements in aesthetics, mechanics, architecture and technology. When youenter the main building, the first thing you can see is the carved screen ofYueyang Tower, which is composed of 12 pieces of red sandalwood. Yueyang Towerreally became famous in the world. It was after Teng Zijing rebuilt YueyangTower in the Northern Song Dynasty and Fan Zhongyan wrote Yueyang Tower. In thefourth year of Qingli period, Teng Zijing was demoted to the magistrate ofYuezhou. After he took office, he rebuilt Yueyang Tower and invited his friendFan Zhongyan Zhong Yan wrote down the famous article Yueyang Tower. Although thefull text of this article is only 368 words, it has broad content, profoundphilosophy, magnificent momentum and sonorous language, which has become thebest song for thousands of years. And "worry about the world first, and enjoythe world later" has become a famous sentence handed down from generation togeneration, and has become the accumulation of the noble personality culture ofthe excellent intellectuals of the Chinese nation. The story of Yueyang Tower,with its supreme ideological content and artistic charm, has been handed downfor thousands of years and is immortal, nourishing peoples hearts. The coupletsof Yueyang Tower sung by ancient and modern masters on the first floor. Standinghere on the third floor of the top floor of Yueyang Tower, we can enjoy themajestic momentum of "holding the distant mountains and swallowing the YangtzeRiver" and the beautiful scenery of lakes and mountains. You can see that thewater and sky of Dongting Lake are united, the wind is clear, the moon isboundless, the mountains are beautiful, and the lake is full of light. Dont youget the feeling that "the water and the sky are united, the wind and the moonare boundless"? In the middle is the strip screen of Deng Yueyang Tower writtenby Du Fu in Mao Zedongs handwriting. You can see that it has strict layout,bold and unrestrained brushwork, strong and straight, which is deeply rooted inthe legacy of huaisus wild grass and has its own style This is really a rareart treasure, hanging here, making Yueyang Tower even more icing on the cake.Ill explain the introduction of Yueyang Tower to you. Welcome to come hereagain. Thank you

各位游客：

大家好!欢迎大家游览江南三名楼之一的岳阳楼。

大家不禁要问，既然是天下名楼，为什么只建了三层呢?据说当时修建者是取天时、地利、人和之意。岳阳楼的前身是三国东吴大将鲁肃的阅军楼。在一千七百多年前的东汉建安二十年，东吴的孙权为了和刘务争夺荆州，派鲁肃率领万名将士，驻守战略要地巴丘，也就是今天的岳阳。鲁肃在洞庭湖操练水军，并在城西依山傍水的地方，修筑坚固的城池，建造了指挥和检阅水军的阅军楼，这就是岳阳楼的前身。唐朝时阅军楼扩建，它基本原有了建筑艺术和历史风貌。好，现在请大家随我进岳楼内参观。

各位游客，这里首先映入我们眼帘的便是在神驰已久的《岳阳楼记》雕屏，它由12块紫檀木组成。前面我们说到，岳阳楼这一名称是在唐朝时才启用的。这时期，李白、杜甫、刘禹锡、李商隐等才华横溢的风流名士，或是落拓不羁的迁客骚人相继接踵而来。他们登楼远眺，泛舟洞庭，奋笔书怀。

但是，岳阳楼真正名扬天下，还是在北宋滕子京重修，范仲淹做《岳阳楼记》以后。庆历四年，遭人诬告的滕子京被贬为岳州知府，他上任后便筹办三件大事：一是在岳阳楼湖下修筑偃虹堤，以便防御洞庭湖的波涛;二是兴办郡学，造就人才;三是重修岳阳楼。重修后的岳阳楼规模宏大壮观。滕子京是个文武兼备的人，他认为“楼观非不文字称记者不为久”。这样一座楼阁，必需要有一篇名记记述，才能流芳千古。于是，他想到与自己同中进士的好友范仲淹。便写了一封《求记书》，介绍岳阳楼修葺后的结构和气势，倾吐了请求范仲淹作记的迫切心情，并请人画了一幅《洞庭秋晚图》，抄录了历代名士吟咏岳阳楼的诗词歌赋，派人日夜兼程，送往范仲淹当时被贬的住河南邓州。范仲淹是北宋著名政治家、文学家、军事家，他和滕子京一样，因为主张革新政治，受到排斥和攻击，被贬到邓州。他接到滕子京的信件后，反复阅读，精心构思，终于写出了千古名篇《岳阳楼记》。这篇文章全文虽然仅有368个字，但是内容博大，哲理精深，气势磅礴，语言铿锵，其中“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”成为传世名句。其实，《岳阳楼记》之所以能历代传颂，主要是由于它把一个重大的思想命题，极其巧妙而生动简洁地融入对优美景物的描写之中。它启迪人们：“不以物喜，不以已悲”，昭示了“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”这一崇高的人生哲理。作者那高尚的情操和宽阔的胸怀，不能不令人扼腕浩叹。先忧后乐，掷地有声，它激励着一代又一代的人想人生，思荣辱，知使命。作为一种中华民族优秀知识分子崇高人格文化的积淀，《岳阳楼记》以其至高至上的思想内容和艺术魅力，流传千古而不朽，滋养着人们的心灵。从那以后，岳阳楼的名声大震，传扬中外，这就是人们所说的“文以楼存，楼以文名”。据说滕子京接到范仲淹的《岳阳楼记》后，喜出望外，当即就请大书法家苏舜钦书写，并请著名雕刻家邵竦将它雕刻在木匾上。于是，楼、记、书法、雕刻全称“四绝”。可惜我们现在看到的并不是“四绝匾”。它早宋神宗年间便已经毁于大火之中。我们所见到的这幅雕屏是清代乾隆年间著名大书法家、刑部尚书张照书写的。

一楼何奇?杜少陵五言绝唱，范希文两字关情，滕子京百废俱兴，吕纯阳三过必醉。诗耶?儒耶?吏耶?仙耶?前不古人，使我怆然涕下。

请君试看：洞庭湖南极潇汀，扬子江北通巫峡，巴陵山西来爽气，岳州城东道岩疆。潴者，流者，峙者，镇者。此中有真意，问谁领会得来。

课文通过记叙两个日常生活中的小故事来启示人们在生活中要学会将心比心，尊重老人，关爱孩子，让人与人之间多一些宽容和理解。课文内容浅显易懂，在教学的过程中采用自读自悟的方法进行课文学习，达到了意想不到的效果。

拿到课文后读了几遍，脑海中开始思考这节课的教学思路。这是一篇略读课文，文章描述的都是日常生活中的平常事情，备课时是这样设计的：学生读熟课文后解决几个问题，谈谈对这篇课文的理解。以往大多数课堂上的大部分时间都是我在滔滔不绝的讲着，台下一双双小眼睛聚精会神的看着我，小耳朵竖着在认真听，孩子们发言的时间很少。语文课上总觉得时间过的很快，时间不够用，每每听到下课铃声响起总觉得还有很多东西没讲到，感觉意犹未尽还想继续下去，这时候却没有考虑到学生们的感受。很多时候忽略了他们的想法，导致课堂效果不理想。这节略读课文让他们自己去学习看看效果怎样。

一上课，我先放课文录音，让学生们跟读课文，目的是为了纠正生字的字音，模仿如何能讲课文读的有声有色也就是有感情的朗读课文，进而了解课文内容。跟读一遍课文后，学生再分段朗读再继续了解课文。读完课文老师抛出问题让学生思考，这时学生再一次快速浏览课文寻找答案。在这反复的阅读中渐渐的熟悉了课文内容对老师抛出的问题自然应对自如。在交流问题时大家的表现很是让我吃惊，平时课上几乎不举手的庞硕同学这节课举了好几次手，叫起他来回答的还很好，我想他读懂文章了，有自信了，有勇气在课堂上展示自己了，很替他高兴。课堂上你一言我一语，大家发言都很积极，说出了自己的见解，还有的学生结合实际生活给大家讲了一些例子来说明将心比心的意义。大家在对待老人和孩子方面也都提了不少建议，他们的建议都是发自内心的想法，很真诚，很温暖。看到大家这样的表现我很高兴，自己想要的不就是这样的课堂吗?

很多时候我们觉得学生自己做不好，可我们给他们机会尝试来吗?教学中我们应该大胆放手让学生自己去探索文学殿堂中的奥秘，让学生们的自主合作能力得到提升;其次，要注重阅读能力的培养，在阅读中领悟文章主旨。

对文中个别字的注释，本来是易掌握的，只要课上老师讲解，学生做笔记或参考文中的注解，再课下自习，完全可以自行解决。可是，学生根本不自觉学习，不注重文中的注解，没有很好地去理会，对知识的掌握就不牢固，离开了课本就无法给解释。今后应让学生自主学习，要求多看看文中所做的注解，首先弄懂个别字的注解，接下来是句子的翻译。教师可以在习题上让学生多练。

第一课时非常重要的环节就是梳理课文大意，文言文教学学生最感枯燥的往往是疏通文意环节，对于基础相对较弱的学生更甚。若老师指定学生翻译，要么哑口无言，要么不动脑筋拿着参考书照念;若以老师串讲为主，学生便无所事事，亦不愿主动记笔记。对于这一问题，在教学中，可以以小组为单位，结合课下注释翻译，然后各小组在质疑相关的字词句，教师加以点拨，设置此环节的目的就是充分调动学生学习积极性。最好要求把重点翻译的句子抄写，加深印象。如：①自非亭午夜分，不见曦月。②清荣峻茂，良多趣味。等…… 反思四、回答问题。本文从不同的季节对“三峡”雄奇险拔、清幽秀丽景象做了描写。

理会文章先写山，后写水，写水分，着重让学生体会“夏水暴涨，湍急”“春冬水落潭清，风景秀丽”“秋寒猿啸，气氛凄凉萧杀”的奇异景象;不同季节应多读成诵，只有多读才能理解深刻，光靠老师传授，没有多少个学生能记忆犹新，到复习时还是要依靠老师 。我觉得传授他们知识的同时更应该教会他们怎样去学习，只有对文言文有了学习上的眉目，才能产生兴趣，学习上也轻松，不至于很快忘却，复习时候甚是陌生，难度自然加大。教好学复好习和考好试密切相关，只要师生配合，把握好每一个环节，教和学都能达到效果。

人的第一印象是很重要的,而教师所要做的是在课堂45分钟内尽可能的把准确的要点传达给学生,而这种传达不应该是“灌”,而是基于教师引导学生对文章细节理解,关键句周到分析后自然得出的结论,否则效果就不好.而我恰恰因为是篇古文而忽视了这点,扮演了拔苗助长的角色,其结果可想而知.古文是中华民族的宝贵文化遗产,

其精湛的描写技艺,更是人物形象分析,景物描绘的典范,所以我深刻反省......

总之，公开课要公开的是什么?是自己的创意作秀还是我们平时真实的课堂风采?我曾经以为是前者，所以每每上公开课，常常绞尽脑汁，希望能够出奇制胜。但是后来我慢慢地明白了，不管我们的设计多么经典，能体现在课堂上才是硬道理，所谓“是马是驴，总要拉出来遛一遛”。在备好课文内容的同时，也应该考虑学生的实际情况。例如这个“也”字，对它的语气的理解和把握是备课备不出来的，而最终的解决却是从学生的身上找到突破口，虽然看起来好像是“灵光乍现”，但这是建立在对学生的信任的基础之上的，这种能力的增强需要不断提高自身的修养与业务水平。

岳阳楼坐西朝东，构造古朴独特，

岳阳楼的各种图片(22张)

岳阳楼台基以花岗岩围砌而成，台基宽度17.24米，进14.54米，高度为0.65米。岳阳楼高度19米，在建筑风格上，前人将其归纳为木制、三层、四柱、飞檐、斗拱、盔顶。岳阳楼是纯本结构，整座建筑没用一钉一铆，仅靠木制构件的彼此勾连。

“四柱”指的是岳阳楼的基本构架，首先承重的主柱是四根楠木，被称为“通天柱”从一楼直抵三楼。除四根通天柱外，其余的柱子都是四的倍数。其中廊柱有12根;檐柱是32根。这些木柱彼此牵制，结为整体，既增加了楼的美感，又使整个建筑更加坚固。

斗拱是中国建筑中特有的结构，由于古代中国建筑中房檐挑出很长，斗拱的基本功能就是对挑出的屋檐进行承托。这种方木块叫做“斗”，托着斗的木条叫做“拱”，二者合称斗拱。岳阳楼的斗拱结构复杂，工艺精美，几非人力所能为，当地人传说是鲁班亲手制造的。斗拱承托的就是岳阳楼的飞檐，岳阳楼三层建筑均有飞檐。

岳阳楼的楼顶为层叠相衬的“如意斗拱”托举而成的盔顶式，这种拱而复翘的古代将军头盔式的顶式结构在古代中国建筑史上是独一无二的。这顶就是岳阳楼最突出的特点——盔顶结构。据考证，岳阳楼是中国仅存的盔顶结构的古建筑。

岳阳楼采用纯木结构，其造型因露明的木梁柱、构件、装修具有线条优美的表现力，显示出中国古建筑的独特的民族风格。

第三单元的语文可真应景!当秋天踩着落叶诗意地走进我的视野时，课文里也开始秋意飘飞。

南方的四季并不分明，可是—入秋，阳光的颜色都变了——变得金黄金黄，十分悦目，恩……像个和善的老头儿。在上班时，我时常闭上眼细心地聆听秋叶"唰啦啦"飘落的声音。没想到这一习惯竟不知不觉被学生学了去……

看来自然是最好的老师，窗外已有满眼秋色，又何须我苍白的语言……

下课了，还有许多孩子围着我讲秋天……突然，念小婷很认真地问我:"老师，秋天为什么不和我们玩儿一下再走呢"她大概还在想课上的那个"秋天为何匆匆而来，匆匆而去"的问题吧!我笑了一下说:"她已经和你玩过了。只不过你没注意……比如它呼地一下摸了你的脸，唰地一下又碰了你的耳朵。"小婷开心地笑了。

回到办公室，念小婷的话在我的脑中反复盘旋，挥之不去。"为何不和我说一下再走"她大概是没时间玩耍吧!我突然一下子理解了这个上课爱吹泡泡的女生。也许，下课了，放学了，她又要被推进作业的漩涡里，根本没有时间玩……

嘿!我的孩子们自己已经找到了良方。下课了，孩子们放下笔记本，来到走廊上，闭着眼，"哇我听到了风声!""我听到云跑步的声音。"

听着听着，我哈哈大笑起来……

Dear tourists

Welcome to Yueyang Tower, one of the three famous buildings inJiangnan.

Now standing in front of you is Yueyang Tower. The three characterhorizontal plaque of "Yueyang Tower" hanging on the top of the building wasproposed by Chairman Mao Zedong in 1961 and asked to be inscribed by Mr. LiMoruo. Yueyang Tower is 21.35 meters high, with four columns, three floors,cornice, helmet top and pure wood structure. In the middle, the big nanmu columncarries most of the gravity from the ground to the top, and then 12 "goldcolumns" are used as the inner wall to support the second floor. Around theperiphery, 20 eaves columns are used to restrain each other and form a whole.The cornices and the roof use umbrella shaped frame to transfer the load. Thethird floor is lined with Ruyi Dou arches, which support the roof. There is nota single brick in the whole building. All of them are made of wood. The doorjoints and tenons are made of strict structure, exquisite workmanship and solemnmodeling. Eaves and roof, are covered with yellow glazed tiles. There are fourridges on the eaves of each layer. The first ridge is decorated with lotus andlotus pods, and the head up is Phoenix; the second one is the head up tap; thethird one is decorated with rolled grass, and the head up is Huiwen RuyiXiangyun. The whole pavilion has double eaves, locked windows, carved beams andpainted buildings, red pillars and colorful couplets, which are resplendent andmagnificent. In particular, the top of the third floor is very similar to thehelmet of an ancient general, which is called the helmet top, which is quiterare in the ancient architecture of this country. The whole Yueyang Tower hasmade amazing achievements in aesthetics, mechanics, architecture and technology,so it has been known as "Yueyang World Tower" since ancient times.

You cant help but ask, since its a famous building in the world, why onlythree floors were built? Its said that the builders at that time chose thetime, the location and the harmony of people. The predecessor of Yueyang Toweris Yuejun tower of Lu Su, a general of the Three Kingdoms. More than 1700 yearsago, in the 20th year of Jianan in the Eastern Han Dynasty, in order to competewith Liu Wu for Jingzhou, Sun Quan of the eastern Wu Dynasty sent Lu Su to leadten thousand soldiers to garrison the strategic area of Bachu, which is todayYueyang. Lu Su practiced the water army in Dongting Lake, built a strong city inthe west of the city near the mountains and rivers, and built the Yuejun towerto command and inspect the water army, which is the predecessor of YueyangTower. During the Tang Dynasty, Yuejun building was expanded, which basicallyhad the original architectural art and historical style. Now, please follow meinto yuelou.

Dear tourists, the first thing that catches our eyes here is the carvedscreen of Yueyang Tower, which is composed of 12 pieces of red sandalwood. As wesaid earlier, the name of Yueyang Tower was only used in the Tang Dynasty.During this period, Li Bai, Du Fu, Liu Yuxi, Li Shangyin and other talentedcelebrities, or uninhibited emigrants came one after another. They went up tothe building to look into the distance, went boating in Dongting, and workedhard to write.

However, Yueyang Tower was really famous in the world after Teng Zijingrebuilt it in the Northern Song Dynasty and Fan Zhongyan wrote Yueyang Tower. Inthe fourth year of Qingli period, Teng Zijing, who was falsely accused, wasdemoted to be the magistrate of Yuezhou. After he took office, he organizedthree major events: first, he built Yanhong dike under Yueyang Tower Lake toprevent the waves of Dongting Lake; second, he set up county school to cultivatetalents; third, he rebuilt Yueyang Tower. The rebuilt Yueyang Tower ismagnificent in scale. Teng Zijing is a man of both culture and martial arts. Hethinks that "Louguan is not a reporter for a long time without words.". Such apavilion, you must have a title record, in order to be immortal. So he thoughtof Fan Zhongyan, a good friend of his own. Then he wrote a Book of Qiuji, whichintroduced the structure and momentum of Yueyang Tower after repair, poured outhis eagerness to ask Fan Zhongyan to write a record, and asked someone to draw apicture of autumn evening in Dongting, which transcribed the poems and Odes ofYueyang Tower chanted by celebrities of all dynasties, and sent them toDengzhou, Henan Province, where Fan Zhongyan was demoted at that time. FanZhongyan is a famous statesman, litterateur and militarist in the Northern SongDynasty. Like Teng Zijing, he was rejected and attacked for advocatinginnovation politics and was demoted to Dengzhou. After receiving Teng Zijingsletter, he read it again and again, conceived it carefully, and finally wrotethe famous story of Yueyang Tower. Although the full text of this article isonly 368 words, it is broad in content, profound in philosophy, majestic inmomentum, and sonorous in language. Among them, "first worry about the world,then enjoy the world" has become a famous sentence handed down from generationto generation. As a matter of fact, the reason why Yueyang Tower can be praisedin the past dynasties is that it skillfully and vividly integrates a majorideological proposition into the description of beautiful scenery. It enlightenspeople: "dont be happy with things, dont be sad", and shows the loftyphilosophy of life that "worry about the world first, and enjoy the worldlater". The authors noble sentiment and broad mind can not help but make peoplesigh. It inspires people from generation to generation to think about life,honor and disgrace, and know their mission. As an accumulation of the noblepersonality culture of the excellent intellectuals of the Chinese nation, thestory of Yueyang Tower, with its supreme ideological content and artistic charm,has been handed down for thousands of years and is immortal, nourishing peopleshearts. Since then, Yueyang Towers fame has been greatly publicized both athome and abroad. This is what people call "the text is preserved by thebuilding, and the building is named by the text". It is said that Teng Zijingwas overjoyed when he received Fan Zhongyans Yueyang Tower. He immediatelyasked Su Shunqin, a great calligrapher, to write it and Shao song, a famoussculptor, to carve it on a wooden plaque. As a result, Lou, Ji, calligraphy andsculpture are all called "four wonders". Unfortunately, what we see now is notthe "four unique plaque". It was destroyed in the fire in the Shenzong period ofthe Song Dynasty. The carving screen we see is written by Zhang Zhao, a famouscalligrapher and Minister of punishment in Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty.

Now, lets pay attention to the four big nanmu pillars in the first floor.The four columns run from the bottom of the building to the top of the building,supporting the whole weight of the building. Then, 12 columns replace the innerring to support the second floor. Around 20 wooden columns, they restrain eachothers bolt joints and tenons, forming a whole. The whole Yueyang Tower is ofpure wood structure, and no iron nail can be found. You can also see that on thefour walls of the building, there are many pairs of wooden plaques, which arecouplets of Yueyang Tower chanted by ancient and modern masters. The couplethanging in the middle of the hall was written by he Shaoji, a great calligrapherin the Qing Dynasty. It is the longest couplet in Yueyang Tower. This coupletis:

On the first floor, whats strange? Du Shaolings five charactermasterpiece, fan Xiwens two words about love, Teng Zijings all kinds of waste,and LV Chunyangs three times will make him drunk. Shiye? Ruye? Liye? Xianye? Noancients before, which makes me sad.

Please have a look: Dongting, jixiaoting, Hunan, the Yangtze River to thenorth of wuxia, baling to the west of laishuangqi, Yuezhou to the east ofYanjiang. He who keeps _, who flows, who stands, is the town. There is a realmeaning in it. Who can understand it.

The first couplet starts with "whats strange on the first floor", whichlists the achievements and traditions of poets, famous Confucians, virtuousofficials and wine immortals left in Yueyang Tower, expressing the authorsregret for the past and the present; the second couplet introduces the famousmountains, Dachuan, Xiongguan and dangerous towns of baling. If you write downthis couplet, you will have a general understanding of Yueyang Tower.

(on the second floor of Yueyang Tower)

As soon as we came to the second floor, we immediately found that a carvedscreen of Yueyang Tower was also hung on the second floor. Why? There is a realstory in it. During the reign of Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty, a magistratesurnamed Wu came to Yueyang. As soon as he took office, he took a fancy to thescreen carving of Yueyang Tower. He bribed a folk art sculptor with a large sumof money. He spent 17 months carefully copying and secretly copying the screencarving. Two years later, taking advantage of the opportunity of beingtransferred from Yueyang Tower, Wuzhi county took advantage of the opportunityto steal the beam and change the column, and fled on a stormy night with thecarved screen of Jiaxiao and Zhang Zhao. I didnt expect that soon after theboat was sailing, the wind and rain were so strong that the boat was overturnedin the jiumazui section of Dongting Lake. The carved screen also drifted withthe waves. Because it was made of red sandalwood, it all sank into the water.Later, the lake was dry and shallow, and the original carving screen of YueyangTower was salvaged by local fishermen. During salvage, the word "Gehu" on theeighth screen and the word "Le" on the tenth screen were damaged. After hearingthe news, Wu Minshu, a local scholar, bought back the carved screen from thefishermen with 120 grain silver. It took three years to copy Zhang Zhaoshandwriting before he added the damaged three words. As you can see, there areobvious mending marks on the carving screen. Nearly 120__ later, when theYueyang Tower was renovated again, local officials used 120 pieces of ocean toredeem the screen from the descendants of the Wu family and hang it on thesecond floor of the Yueyang Tower. As for the one on the first floor, althoughit is a fake, it has a history of 120__ years. Of course, it is a culturalrelic. Two sets of carved screens, one true and one false, are just like a listof merits and demerits, revealing to future generations, which is worthpondering.

(upper third floor)

Now we are on the third floor of Yueyang Tower. In the middle of the hall,there is a woodcut screen of Chairman Mao Zedongs poem "climbing Yueyang Tower"written by Du Fu. Dus poem reads: "once I heard the Dongting water, now I amgoing to Yueyang Tower. In the southeast of Wu and Chu, heaven and earth floatday and night. There is no certainty between relatives and friends. The armypasses the mountain north, depending on the Xuan tears Si flow His calligraphystyle is bold and unrestrained, rigorous layout, vigorous and straight, and hasboth form and spirit. His brush strokes are similar to those of wild grass ofhuaisu in Tang Dynasty. This is an impromptu book written by Chairman Mao on thetrain in the autumn of 1964 when he returned to Beijing by train from Changshaand passed by Yueyang. On both sides of the screen, there is the shortestcouplet of Yueyang Tower, only eight characters. The first couplet is "the samecolor of water and sky", and the second couplet is "boundless wind and moon".Signed as "Chang Geng Li Bai". When we stand on the third floor and look outfrom the window, we can see that the water and sky of Dongting Lake are in thesame color. When the wind is clear and the moon is boundless, and the mountainsand lakes gather in the building, can we get the feeling that "the water and thesky are in the same color, and the wind and the moon are boundless"? Finally,please look up at the roof again. The color of the roof is rich in national andlocal characteristics. The Ruyi Dougong is stacked against each other. It bearsthe load. The arch supports the roof and uses the umbrella frame to carry theload. Like the helmet top structure, it is also rare in our existing ancientbuildings.

In order to deepen the connotation of the famous building and enrich thecontent of the scenic spot, Yueyang Tower is speeding up the construction of thescenic spot and has made plans. Ill explain the introduction of Yueyang Towerto you. Welcome to Yueyang next time. I wish you a pleasant journey and apleasant journey!

大家好!欢迎大家游览江南三大名楼之一的岳阳楼。今天就由我这个超级导游来给介绍岳阳楼。我叫罗甘泉，大家叫我罗导、小罗都可以。

岳阳楼坐落在洞庭湖岸上，风景优美，历史悠久。宋朝的范促淹曾写过《岳阳楼记》来赞美岳阳楼。

岳阳楼高21.35米，为四柱，三层，纯木结构，没有一块砖头。每层的檐面有四条脊，第一层脊上饰以荷花、莲蓬，翘首为凤凰;第二层为昂首的龙头;第三层饰以卷草，翘首为回纹形如意祥云。岳阳楼的楼顶，特别像古代将军的头盔，称作盔顶，由于盔顶在中国古代建筑中极为少见，才使盔顶让岳阳楼成为名的重要因素之一。整个岳阳楼在美学、建筑学、工艺学上都有惊人的成就，因而自古就享有“岳阳天下楼”的美称。

其实，岳阳楼真正名扬天下的时候是在范促淹写了《岳阳楼记》后。庆历四年，滕子京因遭人诬害被贬为岳州知府，他一上任就做了三件大事，第一，修建偃虹堤，以防御洞庭湖的波涛;第二，兴办郡学，造就人才;第三，重修岳阳楼。重修后的岳阳楼规模非常雄伟，但当时的滕子京知道，光靠气势雄伟是不够的，滕子京立刻想到与自己同中举进士的范仲淹，范促淹和滕子京一样，也是因为遭人诬灭，被贬为邓州知府。滕子令人画了一幅《洞庭秋晚图》，写了一封《求记书》介绍岳阳楼的气势和结构。范仲淹看了以后，经过精心构思，终于写出了千古名篇《岳阳楼记》，其中“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”成为转世名句，启迪一代又一代的后人要奋发图强。

好了，大家现在可以进楼了。各位游客，这里首先看见的就是《岳阳楼记》，它由12块紫檀木组成的。据说滕子京当年收到《岳阳楼记》后喜出望外，立刻请当时的大书法家苏舜钦书写，并请著名雕刻家邵竦将它雕刻在木匾。于是，“楼、记、书法、雕刻”全称四绝。只可惜我们现在所见不是“四绝匾“，它早在宋神宗年间便已毁于大火之中。这们这里的《岳阳楼记》是清朝乾隆年间的大书法家、刑部尚书张照书写的。

我就介绍到这里了，给大家十五分钟时间，大家可以拍照留念。

通过这首诗歌的教学，收获良多。

一、课堂教学的时间很宝贵，教师要争取把力用在刀刃上。我的设想是让学生在有限的课堂时间，尽量多读，并达到当堂背诵的目的。在学生在读中学，读中思，以读带学，课堂实践证明，这样的教学思路是正确的。

二、让学生多思考，主动学习。

在教学中，老师多提问，少讲解，让学生在思考中学会分析问题，总结问题。所以我设计了很多思考题目，目的就是引导学生主动思考和学习。

三、课后作业既紧扣课文，又让学生的思维得以拓展。

布置的扩写题目，老师可以示范性的先写开头，以达到开拓学生思维的效果。

今天我组内开课,上的是舒婷的《祖国啊,我亲爱的祖国》。我个人很喜欢这首诗歌,虽然本诗载道的意味很浓,但诗中运用了丰富而鲜见的意象,新奇、准确;语言铿锵有力,流畅而奔放;既有女性诗人特有的深情细腻,又具有女性诗人少有的大气磅礴,读完之后一股豪气、爱国之气在心中激荡难平。

感谢新课改能将这位后新生代诗人的代表诗作吸纳进语文课本。但是怎样在语文课上教好这首诗,怎么通过一两个主问题的设置引导学生全面、深入地悟读这首诗,怎样让学生有层次地朗读诗歌,从而读出诗的美感,读出自己的独特感悟,读出对诗歌的喜爱,成了我近日脑中不停思索又找不到突破口的问题。

昨天去鼓楼进修学校听了鼓楼区三位语文教师对余映潮老师的教学技巧做的全方位的解读,很受启发。晚上回家后,我静下心来再次备课。

我先明确了备课的总体思路,即先确定教学内容,再琢磨授课技巧。

1.读透诗歌,先把从网上和教参上把能找到的关于舒婷及本诗的介绍、赏析及解读文章看一遍,在心中先打上厚实的底。

2.研读诗歌,筛选出诗的美点。我打算引领学生探究的美点有:情感美、意象美、结构美、音韵美。

3.进行微观的构想,如课堂时间不够和多余两种情况下作何种调整,如个别意象上学生可能会出现的误读,如朗读中应重点指导的诗节,如各层次朗诵的时机与要求,如朗读配乐的选择等等。

备课至此,整堂课的脉络已经了然于胸。我知道,心里打了这样的底色,我的课堂可以信由学生发挥,灵动而个性地生成;我的课堂可以放得开又收得拢,在宏观和微观世界畅游。当然,课堂设计肯定有欠缺,课堂生成肯定有不尽如人意的地方,但这,也将是我永远追求不尽的前路。

在本课教学中，齐齐乐互动软件的使用提高了学生的兴趣，按点的设计有所创新。但在实际课堂中，感觉自己对学生的预设还不够到位，致使对学生的反馈不够及时甚至有所忽略，特别是在学生在段落中抓关键词体会人与象的亲密与和谐时，引导与体会还不够深入，造成学生朗读没有显著提高。

在课堂上，我也尝试授以学生方法：透过课文中很突出的先概括后具体的方法，以及全文大量关键词语、句子等表达出作者对大象的喜爱，展现人象共处的和谐景象。但这些方法的渗透总显得呆板、生硬。以至整节略读课上仅有写法的牵引，而没有学生的自主实践和运用过程。

“激发自主学习的动机——渗透自主学习的方法——养成自主学习的习惯”这应是略读课上教师为培养学生读书能力所追寻的途径。而阅读与写作的有机联系与渗透在课文教学中没有完全贯彻始终，这不能不说是种遗憾。

Dear tourists

Hello everyone, welcome to Yueyang Tower, one of the three famous buildingsin Jiangnan.

Yueyang Tower is a national key cultural relic protection unit and one ofthe first batch of national 4A tourist areas. The landscape characteristics ofYueyang Tower can be summarized into four aspects. First, it has a long history.Yueyang Tower, formerly known as Yuejun tower built by Lu Su, was built in the19th year of Jianan in the Eastern Han Dynasty (A.D. 220__) and was namedYueyang Tower in the 2nd year of Qianyuan in the Tang Dynasty (A.D. 759). It hasthe longest history among the three famous buildings in the south of the YangtzeRiver.

Second, the scenery is unique. Yueyang Tower is composed of river, lake,mountain and city. "Baling Sheng shape, a trace in the Dongting, the title ofthe distant mountains, swallow the Yangtze River, vast, boundless horizontal,morning and evening Yin, magnificent." The poet Du QinYong said: "the vast snowwaves with smoke, the sky and the West back painting, the building is verybeautiful scenery, a mountain nine lake." Yueyang Tower is a marvelous praisefor its geographical shape. It is strong with water, beautiful with mountainsand better than Jiangnan in shape. Third, it has a profound culture. YueyangTower poetry anthology contains more than a few famous works, a large number ofcouplets, plaques, paintings and inscriptions, most of which are permeated withthe "sense of hardship" of the Chinese nation. _In Du Fus "climbing the YueyangTower", he said, "I heard the Dongting water in the past, but now Im going tothe Yueyang Tower. In the southeast of Wu and Chu, heaven and earth float dayand night. Family and friends have no word, old and sick have their own boat.The army passes the mountain north, depending on the Xuan tears Si flow Hisconcern for the prison and the people is beyond expression. Fan Zhongyans"Yueyang Tower" is the development of this excellent tradition to the peak. Thephilosophy of "not to be happy with things, not to be sad with yourself", Atthat time, Su Dongpo expressed his emotion that "although it is not easy for asage to rise again", which Liu Shaoqi introduced as the criterion for thecultivation of Communist Party members, Hu Yaobang praised as thecrystallization of traditional Chinese virtues. It is indeed the most preciouscultural relics of Chinese spiritual civilization. Among the three famousbuildings in the south of the Yangtze River, only Yueyang Tower is a nationalcultural relic with historical, artistic and scientific value. The Yueyang Towernow seen is a pure wood structure. It was overhauled in 1983 according to theprinciple of "keeping the old as it is". It has four columns, three floors,cornices and helmet top. The whole building is made of wood without a brick or anail. The door joints are mortise and tenon. The workmanship is very exquisite.In history, Yueyang Tower has been destroyed and repaired for more than 50times. Friends, this couplet in front of the door, "Dongting Tianxia water,Yueyang Tianxia tower", is extracted from the five character quatrains of WeiYunzhen, a poet of the Ming Dynasty. The last two sentences of this poem are"who is the scholar in the world, drinking on the top of the building." Today,you are going to be the corporal of the day. Lets enjoy the profound YueyangTower culture and the magnificent mountains and rivers of Yueyang with Dongtingas the wine. Maybe you will be as drunk as Li Bai.

On the wall of Baling ancient city, the "Xiaoxiang archway in the SouthPole" and the "Wuxia archway in the north" were built in the Qing Dynasty. Thecouplets of chanting scenery in the two places are all written by famousartists. In the north of the ancient times, he Shaoji, a great calligrapher ofthe Qing Dynasty, wrote couplets, and Li duo, a famous calligrapher of thecontemporary era. In the south, Zhang Zhao, who wrote Yueyang Tower in the QingDynasty, and Liu Haisu, a contemporary master of calligraphy and painting, wrotethe couplet. From then on, we can see that Yueyang Tower was loved by literatiof all ages.

Now in front of you is Yueyang Tower. The three characters of "YueyangTower" on the horizontal plaque were inscribed by Mr. Guo Moruo, and now it hasbeen compiled into the book named plaque of Zhongjun. Yueyang Tower is 2135mhigh, 1724m wide and 14.56m deep. Three story three eaves, helmet top type woodstructure, covered with yellow glazed tiles. The helmet top is a prominentfeature of Yueyang Tower. You can see that it looks like the helmet of anancient general. It is powerful and majestic. With cornices, it has smoothcurves and gives people a sense of power. Looking at the Ruyi Dougong under thehelmet top, it looks like a beehive. It is decorated with dragon head, phoenixhead and cloud head. It not only supports the gravity of the helmet top, butalso makes the whole building more exquisite, solemn and harmonious. The top ofthe roof, ridge ornaments, head up and other components are all ceramic productsleft over from the middle of the Qing Dynasty. Therefore, Yueyang Tower has madeamazing achievements in aesthetics, mechanics, architecture and technology.

When you enter the main building, the first thing you see is the carvedscreen of Yueyang Tower, which is composed of 12 pieces of red sandalwood. Asmentioned above, the name of Yueyang Tower was only used in the Tang Dynasty. Atthat time, Li Bai, Du Fu, Liu Yuxi, Li Shangyin and other talented personagesand poets came one after another. They look out from the cantharidin tower, goboating in Dongting, and write hard. In his poem "climbing Yueyang Tower withXia 12", Li Bai described it as follows: "the tower views Yueyang as far aspossible, and the Sichuan Dongting opens. The wild goose leads the sorrowfulheart to go, the mountain holds the good month to come. Even stay in the clouds,the sky line cup. After getting drunk, the cool wind blows and the people danceLi Shangyin, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty, also wrote the poem Yueyang Tower:"if you want to get rid of your worries, you can go to Yueyang Tower on DongtingLake. Its a pity that thousands of Li can take advantage of the prosperity.Its a dragons solution to the shipwreck. " The Yueyang Tower became more andmore famous because of these new words.

However, it was after Teng Zijing rebuilt Yueyang Tower and Fan Zhongyanwrote Yueyang Tower. In the fourth year of Qingli period, Ying Zijing wasdemoted to be the governor of Yuezhou. After he took office, he organized threemajor events: first, building a rainbow dike under the Yueyang Tower to defendthe waves of Dongting Lake; second, setting up a county school to cultivatetalents; third, rebuilding the Yueyang tower. Teng Zijing has both literarytalent and military strategy. He thinks that "it is not long for Louguan to becalled a reporter by writing, and the writing is not written by those who aretalented and powerful.". So he thought of his friend Fan Zhongyan, who was aJinshi in the same middle school. He wrote a Book of Qiuji, which introduced thestructure and momentum of Yueyang Tower after it was revised. He poured out hiseagerness to ask Fan Zhongyan to write a record. He also asked someone to draw apicture of autumn evening in Dongting, which copied the poems and Odes ofYueyang Tower chanted by famous scholars of all ages. He sent people to FanZhongyans demoted residence day and night It is located in Dengzhou. FanZhongyan was a famous statesman, litterateur and militarist in the Northern SongDynasty. Like Wei Zijing, he was rejected and attacked because he advocated theinnovation of politics. After receiving the letter from Teng Zijing, he read itrepeatedly and thought about it carefully, and finally wrote the famous story ofYueyang Tower. Although the full text of this article is only 368 words, it hasbroad content, profound philosophy, majestic momentum, sonorous language andpearly words. It has become a masterpiece for thousands of years. However, thesaying "first worry about the world, and then joy about the world" has become afamous saying handed down from generation to generation, and has become theaccumulation of the noble personality culture of the outstanding knowledge ofthe Chinese nation. The story of Yueyang Tower, with its supreme content andartistic charm, has been handed down for thousands of years and nourishedpeoples hearts. After receiving Fan Zhongyans Yueyang Tower, Teng Zijing wasoverjoyed. He immediately asked Su Zimei, a great calligrapher, to write it andShao Songhui, a famous sculptor, to engrave it on a wooden plaque. As a result,Lou, Ji, calligraphy and sculpture are collectively known as the "four wonders".Unfortunately, the sculpture was destroyed in the fire during the reign ofemperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty. The screen we see now is written by ZhangZhao, a famous calligrapher and Minister of the Ministry of punishment in theQianlong period of the Qing Dynasty.

The whole building is supported by four big nanmu columns. It runs from thebottom of the building to the top of the building, and then uses 12 gold pillarsas the inner ring to support the second floor. Around it, 20 wooden pillars areused to control the door joints and tenons, and connect them as a whole. Thewhole Yueyang Tower is of pure wood structure, and no iron nail can be found. Onthe first floor, there are couplets chanting Yueyang Tower by ancient and modernmasters. The one in the middle of the hall is the longest of the couplets. Thefirst couplet begins with "whats strange on the first floor", listing theachievements and legends of poets, famous Confucians, virtuous officials andwine immortals left in Yueyang Tower, expressing the authors regret for thepast and the present; the second couplet introduces the famous mountains andrivers, the magnificent and dangerous city of baling. If you write down thiscouplet, you will have a general understanding of Yueyang Tower.

A carved screen of Yueyang Tower is hung on the front of the second floor.There is a story circulating here. During the reign of Daoguang in the QingDynasty, a magistrate surnamed Wu came to Yueyang. He took a fancy to the carvedscreen of Yueyang Tower, and bribed a master of folk art carving with a largesum of money to make another carved screen. Taking advantage of the opportunityof being transferred out of Yueyang, Wuzhi county took advantage of theopportunity to steal the beam and change the column, and fled on a stormy nightwith the carved screen of Jiaxiao and Zhang Zhao. The boat was overturned in thejiumazui section of Dongting Lake by wind and waves, and the carved screen sankto the bottom of the lake. It was salvaged by local fishermen and collected byWu Minshu, a local scholar. After 120 silver from the hands of Wus descendantswill screen back. During the cultural revolution, the red guards wanted to smashthe feudal carved screen. In order to protect it, the workers covered thewriting with plaster and wrote Chairman Maos poems. In this way, the carvedscreen escaped another disaster. This one and the one on the first floor areboth true and false, just like the list of merits and demerits.

The third floor is the top floor of Yueyang Tower. Looking from the window,you can appreciate the majestic momentum of "holding the distant mountains andswallowing the Yangtze River" and enjoy the beautiful scenery of lakes andmountains, which is "the same color of water and sky, boundless wind and moon".Signed "Changgeng libaishu". When we stand on the third floor and look out fromthe window, we can see that the water and sky of Dongting Lake are united, theclear wind and the moon are boundless, and the mountains and lakes are all onthe first floor. Isnt the feeling that "the water and the sky are united, thewind and the moon are boundless"?

In the middle is the strip screen of Deng Yueyang Tower written by Du Fu inMao Zedongs handwriting. You can see that it has rigorous layout, bold andunrestrained brushwork, iron and silver hook, vigorous and straight, which isdeeply rooted in huaisus wild grass style, and has its own style. This is arare art treasure, hanging here, making Yueyang Tower even more icing on thecake.

Out of the Yueyang Tower is the three drunk Pavilion, which is the place toworship Lu Xian. Lu Dongbin used medicine to save people and did good deeds. Hewas deeply respected by the people. In addition, he was named "Fuyou emperor" bythe emperor of Yuan Dynasty. He was one of the five northern ancestors ofTaoism. Yueyang Tower was built with yellow glazed tiles specially used by theemperors in feudal times as the place where LV Xian stopped. Why is Lu Xian soprominent in Yueyang? It turns out that there are anecdotes about Lu Xian in theannals of Yueyangs prefectures and counties, saying that he had drunk with TengZijing, played chess with Wang Taishou, the national chess player, and stoppedQiao Taishous sedan chair when he was drunk. In particular, Zhizhou Li Guan notonly records the origin of LV Xiantings story, but also includes two poems byLV Xian. At that time, they were carved in front of Yueyang Tower with hugestones. One of them is "when you travel to the north, the dusk of Cangwu, thecourage of the green snake in your sleeve, when you are drunk in Yueyang, youcant recognize it, and you can fly over Dongting Lake with langyin." The nameof sanzui Pavilion comes from this poem.

Finally, visit Yueyang Tower culture and Art Center. There are not only thecarved screen of Yueyang Tower written by the famous calligraphers Mi Fu, ZhuYunming, Dong Qichang and Zhang Zhao, but also the image display of theconcentrated landscape of Yueyang Tower in song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.There are also a large number of works of art and crafts with Yueyang Towerculture as the theme, as well as various books and periodicals about YueyangTower. Besides enjoying, you can choose your favorite souvenirs forcommemoration.

激情与诗意同显、美丽与智慧并存的课堂是我目前所追求的一种境界!

而《鼎湖山听泉》一文中作家用交响乐的方式著文，奏出一曲泉的绝响。“听”字是这篇美文题眼，在文章开头我们随作家的笔触看到的是一幅淡雅的山水画：细雨蒙蒙，薄雾漫漫，群山远去，绿树郁郁。作者诗一般的语言描绘了山泉的各种姿色和声响，以丰富的想象，真挚的情感创造了一幅幅诗的画面和令人陶醉的意境，他以深厚的文笔功力充分调动了读者的视觉、听觉和想象，给人以美的享受，使读者在不知不觉中进入了万泉齐鸣的世界里。本文集诸多美的因素于一体，是一篇非常适合学生学习品味的游记散文。

《小学语文新课程标准》指出：应该尊重学生独特的感悟、体验。因此我把“体验、学习、倾诉”作为设计本堂课教学的出发点。我要让学生不仅能够充分欣赏到文章的优美意境，而且能够学习作者的表达方式去倾诉自己的独特体验，使学生的思维完全放飞，让少年的灵感在本课的教学中涌动。要达到这样的境界，就需要教者上出意境，上出美感，在环节的设计上，课堂气氛的调动上，语言的表达上都要做精心准备才可能成功。

阅读教学是语文课堂的一大内容，在课堂教学中，必须钻研文本，走进文本的语言世界中去，用心研读，体味情感，才能为文本而感动，获得体验，感受人文。而进入文本最直接、最有效的方法就是细读文本。

《穷人》这一课渔夫与桑娜的对话，个性鲜明，恰如其分地表达了人物的真情实感，如渔夫的话显示出他爽直、乐于助人的品质，而桑娜则小心应对，说话断断续续，表明了她紧张、不安的内心，同时也看出她热爱丈夫、同情西蒙的善良品质。在教学过程中我通过引导学生抓住桑娜复杂的心理活动与她和丈夫的对话部分引导学生通过揣摩两次沉默，走进他们的内心世界。针对人物的对话描写，要先让学生自己试试怎么读才能读好，再分角色读，读出人物的真情。这样学生通过揣摩人物的对话、触摸到文中人物的心灵美。