华西村的景点有哪些【汇总20篇】

我国景点英文版导游词

下面几篇范文是我国的景点英文版导游词，感兴趣的不妨看看怎么写吧，欢迎阅读借鉴，希望你们喜欢。

北京故宫博物院英文导游词

hello, everyone,

we are now going to pay a visit to a place of special interest. this scenic spot is located at the center of beijing and is characterized by thousands of palatial architectures and purple walls as well as yellow glazed tile roofs- it is simply a sea of palaces. this is the world – famous wonder – the palace museum.

the palace museum has served as the royal residence during the ming and qing dynasties. it was here that a total of 24 monarchs ascended the throne and wielded power for some 500 years. the palace museum, as the most beautiful spot of interest throughout beijing, is unique for its location: to the northwest is beihai(north sea) park, famous for its white pagoda and rippling lake; to the west is the zhongnahai (central and south sea); to the east lies the the wangfujing shopping street; and to the north id jinshan park. standing in the wanchun (everlasting spring) pavilion at the top of jingshan(charcoal hill) park, you overlook the skyline of the palace museum. at the southern end of the palace is tian` anmen (gate of heavenly peace) and the famous square named after it . this is the symbol of the people` s republic of china.

a world-famous historical site, the palace museum is on the world heritage list of unesco and is an embodiment of oriental civilization.

the palace museum is rectangular in shape, 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meters wide from east to west, covering a space of 720,000 square meters of which 150,000 is building area . it has 9000-strong rooms in it . according to legend there are 9999.5 room-units in all .the whole compound is enclosed by a 10-meter-hign wall and is accessed through four entrances, namely, the meridian gate in the south ,the gate of military prowess in the north, donghua(eastern flowery ) gate in the north, donghua ( eastern flowery) gate in the east and xihua(western flowery ) gate in the west. on each corner there is a turret consisted of 9 roof beams, 18 pillars and 72 ridge . encircling the compound there is a 3,800-meter-long and 52 meter-wide moat, making the palace museum a self-defensive city-within-a city.

the palace museum was made a center of rule during the ming dynasty by zhun di, the fourth son of the founding emperor zhuyuanzhang. the whole complex straddles on an 8-kilometers-long central axis that stretches from yongding (forever stable) gate in the south to gulou (drum tower) in the north. prominence was given to the royal power by putting the “three main front halls” and “three back halls ”on the axis while arrange other subsidiary structure around them .the construction of the palace museum involved manpower and resources across china. for example, the bricks laid in the halls ,known as “gold brick, ” underwent complex, two –dozen processes. as the final touch ,the fired bricks were dipped in chinese wood oil. involving complicated processes and high cost, these brick are called “golden bricks.” the palace museum serves as a living embodiment of good tradition and styles unique to china` s ancient architecture. it reflects to the full the ingenuity and creativity of the chinese working people. a carefully preserved and complete group of royal residences, the palace museum is a prominent historical and tourist site.

what we are now approaching is the main entrance to the palace museum-the meridian gate, which is characterized by red walls, yellow glazed –tile roofs and upturned eaves. on top of this walls, yellow glazed-tile roofs and upturned eaves. on top of this magnificent building ,there stand five lofty halls with a main hall in the center. the main hall is roofed by multiple eaves and covers a space of 9 room-units. it is flanked by two wings on each side .the wings are square in shape ,complete with multiple and four edged eaves and pinnacles. all of these structures are connected by a colonnade. because these halls resemble a soaring bird, it was also know as wufenglou (five-phoenix tower) . inside the main hall there is a throne. drums and bells were stored in the wings. whenever the emperor presided over grand ceremonies or observed rites in the hall of upreme harmony, drums, bells and gongs would be struck to mark the occasion.

as the legend goes, the meridian gate used to be a place where condemned ranking officials would be executed. this not true. however, flogging was carried out here by the ming emperors ,if a courtier falls afoul of the emperor, he would be stripped of his court dress and flogging with a stick .at one point the punishment became so harsh that a total of 11 people died from fatal wound on a single occasion .on the other hand, this building was also used to observe important occasions like the traditional chinese lantern festival (15th day of the first lunar month). on these occasions, chinese lanterns would be hanged and sumptuous banquets would be given in honour of the whole court of ministers and other ranking officials.

upon entering the meridian gate we began our tour of the palace museum. the river foowing in front of us is known as jin shui he (golden water river) and the five marbles bridges spanning it are known as the inner golden water bridges. the on in the middle was used exclusive by the emperor and its banisters were carved with dragon and phoenix designs. the bridges flanking the imperial one were reserved for princes and other royal members. the rest were used by palatines. aside from decoration, the golden water river was also dug as precaution against fire. most of the structures within the palace museum are made of wood. what is more ,according to ancient chinese cosmology, the south is the abode of fire, so this brook was dug on the southern tip of the palace. in this way, the palace museum reflects traditional chinese culture.

this building is called the gate of supreme harmony .in the foreground stand two bronze lions. can anybody tell which is male and which is female? the one on the east playing with a ball is male, symbolizing power and universal unity. the other on the west with a cub cuddling underneath its claw is female? the one on the east playing with a ball is male, symbolizing power and universal unity. the other on the west with a cub cuddling underneath its claw is female, representing prosperity the endless succession. a layout of the palace museum is posted by the entrance . from it ,you can see that the palace museum has two main parts: the forecourt and the inner court. the three main halls constitute the mainstay of the forecourt, and it was here that the emperor announced decisions and observed rites. behind the forecourt there is the inner court, consisting of major halls and the imperial garden .it was where the emperor attended state affairs, lived and enjoyed his luxurious life. the exhibition system of the palace museum involves historical court relics and articles of ancient art and culture. the palace museum houses nearly one million articles of rare treasure, or one sixth of the total number in all of china `s museums. there are the three main halls of the palace museum, built on a triple marble terrace . since most of china `s architecture is made of wood, the buildings cannot be too tall. to gain the height of the architecture, ingenious ancient artisans built the hall on a gigantic stone terrace .it is also to this end that not a single plant was grown in the square. on stairways of triple marble terrace there are 18 bronze tripods .the verandah is flanked by bronze tortoises and cranes, which served as symbols of longevity .on the east is a sundial, an ancient timepiece. on the west there is a grain measure suggesting that the emperor was just and equitable.

in the front and on each flank ,there is a pair of gilt bronze vats (caldrons ) molded during the reign of emperor qianlong of the qing dynasty .each of these weights 2 tons and is filled with water as a precaution in the event of a fire .the structure in the very middle is the hall of supreme harmony ,also known as the throne hall. it is 64 meters in width and is 38 meters from entrance to rear. with terrace exclusive ,the hall is 26.92 meters in height and is 35.03 meters in all .covering and areaof 2,377 square meters, the hall of supreme harmony is china` s largest exiting wooden structure. the hall is supported by 6 thick ,round pillars carved in a design of coiling dragons. as the holiest place in the hall, the ceiling and colored patterns were made of the finest material available at that time. the throne was placed on a terrace and is flanked by statues of elephants, luduan (a unicorn which could travel 18,000 kilometers a day and understand all languages), cranes and incense barrels .over the throne there is the caisson ,or covered ceiling ,which consists of a coiling dragon playing with a ball in its mouth .this ball is known as xuanyuan mirror ,and was supposedly made by a chinese emperor of remote times to serve as a reminder that thee rulers to follow were his hereditary heirs. the throne is made of nanmu and painted in gold .magnificently built and luxuriously decorated ,this hall did not serve as a place in which the emperor attended to daily affairs. he used his hall for major events such as his birthday, conferral of title of empress or dispatch of generals to war.

behind the hall of supreme harmony ,there sits the hall of complete harmony. this structure is square in shape .each side is 24.15 meters. this was the place where the emperor relaxed and greeted his courtiers before proceeding to the hall of supreme harmony to observe rites. this was also the place where the emperor prepared prayers or examined seeds and sowers bef ore he attended ancestral sacrifices or participated in snowing ceremonies. a grand ceremony was also held here once every 10 years for the emperor to genealogize the royal blood. there are two sedan chairs on display in the hall. behind the hall of complete harmony ,you will see the hall of preserving harmony, which was used as a place where imperial examinations were held. the imperial examination was the hignest level of competing for meritorious appointment under the feudal system dating back to the sui dynasty. china` s last imperial examination was held in 1904 during the reign of emperor guangxu of the qing dynasty. to the rear of hall there is a marble ramp carved with cloud and dragon designs, the largest of its kind in the whole country . it is 16.57 meters in length, 3.07 meters in width, 1.7 meters thick and weighs 250 tons. it was quarried in fangshan county in suburban beijing. to bring this giant piece of stone to beijing people poured water onto the road and applied rolling blocks during the process.

we are now standing before the square of the hall of heaven purity. it served as a divide separating the forecourt from the inner court .this building is known as the gate of heavenly purity. emperor qianlong held court here. proceeding further north ,you can find three main rear halls ,i.e. the hall of heavenly purity. the hall of union and peace and palace of earthly tranquility. the hall of heavenly purity if flanked on either side by two gates named after the sun and moon .inside the enclosure there are 12 palaces and halls symbolizing constellations. all of the other buildings are centered around the palace of heavenly purity , which was meant to suggest that the monarch` s power was endowed by heaven. the empress and concubines lived in the inner court.

the hall of heavenly purity was where the emperor lived and attended to daily affairs. later the emperor moved to live in the palace of mental cultivation. looking up you can see a plaque bearing the chinese inscription “be open and above-board,” a manifesto to court struggle .behind the plaque a strongbox was stored containing a will bearing the name of the would –be royal successor. this approach of secretly selecting the next emperor was adopted by emperor yongzheng of the qing dynasty. two copies of the will were prepared .one was stashed by the emperor in person ,the other was placed inside the strong box behind the plaque. after the death of the emperor, the two copies would be compared and successor would be announced. it was in this way that emperor qianglong and others have ascended the throne.

behind the hall of heavenly purity you will see the hall of union and peace , which is indentical to the hall of complete harmony. it was there that the emperor received congratulations and tributes from imperial officials on major calender occasions , a total of 25 imperial seals are stored there. in the hall, you will see a plaque with the handwritten inscription of “we wei,” exhorting taoist doctrines.

further northward is the palace of earthly tranquillity, which once served as the living room of the empresses` . the hall was later converted into a sacrificial place .through the windowpanes on the eastern wall you can see the royal bed decorated with dragon and phoenix designs. this hall has also served as the bridal chamber of monarchs.

the gate of earthly tranquilliity leads to the imperial garden (known to westerners as qianlong` s garden ),which was used by the emperor ,the empress, and the concubines. a magnificent structure stands in the middle. it is called the qin `s an (imperial peace) hall. it is the only building in the palace museum that was built in taoist style. it served as a shrine to the taoist deity. the garden covers a space of 12,000 square meters ,and is 130 meters from east to the west and some 90 meters from north to the south. there are a dozen halls, verandahs, pavilions and waterside houses in the garden . on each of the fur corner there is a pavilion dedicated to the four seasons which is different in construction style and shape. the garden also features an imperial landscape. with rare trees and exotic rockery, the imperial garden served as a model for china` s imperial parks .in all ,a total of 10-strong building styles were applied.

the tall building we are now passing is the gate of military prowess, the back door of the palace museum. our visit is now drawing to a conclusion but the architectures of the palace are not . on the other side of the road is the 43-meter-hign charcoal hill , providing natural protection for the forbidden city. this was also an embodiment of china` s construction style-putting a pool in the front and a hill in the rear. now let` s climb up to wanchun (everlasting springs ) pavillion where we` ll have a great view of the palace museum.

北京天安门英文导游词

Tian’anmen( the Gate of Heavenly Peace), is located in the center of Beijing. It was first built in 1417 and named Chengtianmen( the Gate of Heavenly Succession). At the end of the Ming Dynasty, it was seriously damaged by war. When it was rebuilt under the Qing in 1651, it was renamed Tian’anmen, and served as the main entrance to the Imperial City, the administrative and residential quarters for court officials and retainers. The southern sections of the Imperial City wall still stand on both sides of the Gate. The tower at the top of the gate is nine-room wide and five –room deep. According to the Book of Changes, the two numbers nine and five, when combined, symbolize the supreme status of a sovereign.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Tian’anmen was the place where state ceremonies took place. The most important one of them was the issuing of imperial edicts, which followed these steps:

1) The Minister of Rites would receive the edict in Taihedian( Hall of Supreme Harmony), where the Emperor was holding his court. The minister would then carry the decree on a yunpan( tray of cloud), and withdraw from the hall via Taihemen( Gate of supreme Harmony)

2) The Minister would put the tray in a miniature longting( dragon pavilion). Beneath a yellow umbrella and carry it via Wumen( Meridian Gate), to Tian’anmen Gate tower.

3) A courtier would be invested to proclaim the edict. The civil and military officials lining both sides of the gateway beneath the tower would prostrate themselves in the direction of the emperor in waiting for the decree to the proclaimed.

4) The courtier would then put the edict in a phoenix-shaped wooden box and lower it from the tower by means of a silk cord. The document would finally be carried in a similar tray of cloud under a yellow umbrella to the Ministry of Rites.

5) The edict, copied on yellow paper, would be made known to the whole country.

Such a process was historically recorded as “ Imperial Edict Issued by Golden Phoenix”.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties Tian’anmen was the most important passage. It was this gate that the Emperor and his retinue would go through on their way to the altars for ritual and religious activities.

On the Westside of Tian’anmen stands ZhongshanPark( Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s Park), and on the east side, the Working People’s Cultural Palave. The Park was formerly called Shejitan( Altar of Land and Grain), built in 1420 for offering sacrificial items to the God of Land. It was opened to the public as a park in 1914 and its name was changed in 1928 to the present one in memory of the great pioneer of the Chinese Democratic Revolution.

The Working People’s Cultural Palace used to be Taimiao( the Supreme Ancestral Temple), where tablets of the deceased dynastic rulers were kept.

The stream in front of Tian’anmen is called Waijinshuihe( Outer Golden River),with seven marble bridges spanning over it . Of these seven bridges,historical records say the middle one was for the exclusive use of the emperor and was accordingly called Yuluqiao( Imperial Bridge). The bridges flanking it on either side were meant for the members of the royal family and were therefore called Wanggongqiao( Royal’s Bridges). Farther away on each side of the two were bridges for officials ranking above the third order and were named Pinjiqiao( ministerial Bridges). The remaining two bridges were for the use by the retinue below the third order and wre called Gongshengqiao( common Bridges). They anr the one in front of the Supreme Ancestral Temple to the east and the one in front of the Altar of land and Grain to the west.

The two stone lions by the Gate of Tian’anmen, one on each side were meant as sentries. They gaze toward the middle axis, guarding the emperor’s walkway. In front of the gate stands a pair of marble columns called Huabiao. They are elaborately cut in bas-relief following the pattern of a legendary dragon. Behind the gate stands another pair of similar columns. The story of Huabiao may be traced to a couple of sources. One of the versions accredits its invention to one of the Chinese sage kings named Yao, who was said to have set up a wooden pillar in order to allow the ordinary people to expose evil-doers, hence it was originally called a slander pillar. Later it ws reduced to a signpost, and now it serves as an ornament.

The beast sitting on the top of the column is called” hou”, a legendary animal, which is said to have been a watcher of an emperor’s behaviour. He was doing such duties as warning the emperor against staying too long outside the palace or indulging in pleasure and urging him to go to the people for their complaints or return in due time. Therefore, the two pairs of beasts were given the names” Wangjunhui”( Expecting the emperor’s coming back) and “ wangjunchu”( Expecting the emperor’s going out) respectinvely.

In the old days, Tian’anmen, as a part of the Imperial City, was meant for important occasions. The two rows of chaofang( antechamber), on the sides behind the main gate, wre reserved for civil and military members of the government waiting for imperial audience and in front of the gate, were offices of imperial administration.

On October 1, 1949, chairman Mao Zedong proclaimed on Tian’anmen Rostrum the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Since then Tian’anmen has been the symbol of New Chinea. Chairman Mao’s portrait is hung above the central entrance, flanked by two slogans:” Long Live the Great Unity of the Peoples of the World”. Today , the splendour of Tian’anmen attracts million of visitors from all over the world. The Rostrum on its top was opened in 1988 to the public for the first time in its history. It offers a panoramic view of the Square and the city proper.

Tian’anmen Square

Situated due south of Tian’anmen, the Square has an area of 44 hectares( 109 acres) that can accommodate as many as one million people for public gatherings. It has witnessed may historical events in China’s modern history and is a place for celebrations on such festive days as international Labour Day on May 1st and national Day on October 1st.

Around the Square are several famous buildings:

1 The Great Hall of the People

This is one of the largest congressional buildings in the world. Built in 1959, the hall consists of three parts: a 10,000-seat auditorium in the center, a banquet hall in the north wing facing Chang’an Street, with a seating capacity of 5,000, and offices for the Standing Committee of the National Peoples’ Congress of China in the south. In addition, thirty-four reception chambers are named after various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly unde the Central Government, plus Hong Kong and Macao. Each is different from the other in decoration and furnishings to stress their local features.

2 The Museum of Chinese History and the Museum of the Chinese Revolution

These two museums were also built in 1959. the museum of Chinese History houses a permanent exhibition in four parts, covering the entire process of Chinese history spanning from 1.7 million years ago to 1919:

1) The Primitive Society( 1.7 million years ago to the 21st century BC);

2) The Slave Society(21st century BC to 476 BC.);

3) The Feudal Society(475 BC. To 1840 AD.);

4) The Semi-Colonial and Semi- Fedual Society(1840 to 1919.)

The Museum of the Chinese Revolution covers the period from 1919 to 1949.

3 The Monument to the People’s Heroes

the monument was built in memory of thousands of martyrs who died for the revolutionary cause of the Chinese people. Its construction began on August 1, 1952 and was not completed until 1958. in the form of an obelisk, the Monument as made of more than 17,000 pieces of tranite and white marble. The purple piece inlaid in the front of the Monument was brought from Qingdao, Shandong Province. It is 38 meters(124ft 8 in) high, the loftiest of its kind ever seen in the country. Not only is it an historic memorial for immortal heroes, but also it is an artistic work of excellent architectural value.

On the front side of the Monument is an engraved inscription in Chinese characters written by Chairman Mao Zedong, which reads” Eternal Glory to the People’s Heroes!”. On the back of the Monument is an article written by Chairman Mao, but in Chinese calligraphy by the late Premier Zhou Enlai.

At the top of the Monument are eight gigantic carved wreathes of such flowers as peony, lotus and chrysanthemum, symbolizing nobility, purity, and fortitude. At the base of the monument are eight marble reliefs depicting the Chinese historic events since 1840. They are:

1) The Burning of Opium in 1840:

2) The uprising of 1851 in Jintian, Guangxi;

3) The Revolution of 1911;

4) The May Fourth Movement of 1919;

5) The May 30th Movement of 1925;

6) The Uprising of 1927 in Nanchang, Jiangxi;

7) The War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression from 1937 to 1945;

8) The Victorious Crossing over the Yangtze River by the Peoples’s Liberation Army in 1949. This relief is flanked by two smaller ones—“ Supplying the Front” and “ Greeting the P.L.A.”.

4 Chairman Mao’s Mausoleum

Chairman Mao Zedong, the founder of the People’s Pepublic of China, passed away on Sepember 9, 1976. In commemoration of this great man, a mausoleum began to be constructed in November 1976, and was completes in August the following year. The Mausoleum was officially opened on September 9, 1977.

The mausoleum is surrounded by four groups of sculpture. East of the northern entrance is the sculpture depicting the period of the New Democratic Revolution( 1919-1949), and west of it is the one signifying the great achievements of the Chinese people during the period of slcialist revolution and construction since 1949. The sculptures in front of the southern gate are figures of workers, peasants soldiers, intellectuals, technicians and children.

Inside the Mausoleum are three main sections: A white marble statue of Chairman Mao is mounted on a platform in the front lobby. On the wall behind the statue is a 24-metre-long( 79-foot-long) tapestry, a fine needlepoint work with beautiful landscapes of the country.

In the main hall there is a crystal coffin, in which Chairman Mao’s body lies stately with the Communist Party’s flag covering over him.

On the wall of the southern lobby, a poem by Chairman Mao and in his own calligraphy is inscribed in gold inlay. It expresses his full great expectations for the country.

Tian’ anmen Square has now completed its renovation after eight months’ hard work to welcome the 50th anniversary of the People’s Republic in 1999.

河源苏家围英文导游词

The Sujiawei Hakka Village Tourism Zone is a must for tourists who are interested in the Hakka culture and customs.

Bordering Dongjiang River in the north and Jiushe River in the south, the village is located in the Heshui Township, 26km away from the city of Heyuan.

Today the village is described as a “picturesque village in south china”, featuring old trees and houses, wild lands, bamboos and fresh air. Also it has a profound cultural history and is said to be the habitat of descendants of Su Shi, who also known as Su Dongpo, a famous Chinese literate in Northern Song Dynasty. Hence All people living in the village now are surnamed “Su”.

It also provides some performances for travelers to get a better known of Hakka culture such as their wedding customs. You can take part in the producing lines of making bean curd, wine or oil; or enjoy yourself in activities like fishing, swimming and boating.

The first spot we encounter is the Yingqing Bridge, where has a panoramic view of Sujiawei. The bridge is a place to welcome all families, relatives and friends.

Here is purple perilla park. The purple perilla can be used as medicine to cure cold, or purple dye or cooking. The origin of this park is as follows: one day one of Su Shi’s offspring passed by this place, he dreamed five old men pointed a big tree and told him it is perilla tree. When he woke up, he found this place is full of perilla, and the environment is quite beautiful, so he thought the old men would like he move the Su clan here. So after he came back, he always mentioned this dream to his late generations. To fulfill his this dream, over 700 years ago, the Su clan moved here and Sujiawei started its story.

From this purple perilla park to Pool lips estate, is gallery of Hakka villages gender culture, which shows the Hakka people’s moral ideas and customs, they think everything has two opposite extremes like negative and positive. In Hakka dialect, have a boy baby is named “tian deng”, the same pronunciation as “add a lantern”. So in Chinese lantern festival, any family which has a new boy baby will hang a big lantern in their ancestors’ shrine.

Later we will visit Sugong Shrine Yongsi Hall, Guanghua hall, Su school and Yi Jiang temple. You may find the Hakka architecture is well preserved here. These ancient buildings are square flat houses with dark blue bricks and roof tiles that belong to the style of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The oldest house, Yongsi Hall, was built in 1481 in memory of Su Dongshan, the eighth-generation descendant of Su Dongpo and as a place for the villagers to worship their ancestors and discuss important affairs.

Now we walk along the Dongjiang river and enjoy the Hakka folk music. At the riverside you see bamboo everywhere. Su Dongpo loved bamboo, he once said “I can eat without meat, but I can not live without bamboo. No meat to eat only makes me thin; but live without bamboo makes me vulgar”!

Walking so long time, are you a bit tired and thirsty? Let’s go to Her Workshops to taste Hakka traditional snacks and tea. There are tea leaf, sesame, peanut, red jujube and longan in the tea. Do you taste them?

Ok, after a break, we go to experience traditional Hakka wedding performance. If you are lucky to be chosen and act as the bridegroom, you will be invited to the stage and join their show.

The village also preserves many slogans printed on the walls during 1950s to 1970s, which are silent witnesses to Chinese modern history.

Do you see the big bamboo hats holding by bamboo sticks in line? It is farm four seasons gallery. On the bamboo hats marked farming planting and harvesting dates and festivals.

Finally we have 15-minutes free activity in the countryside vegetable fields. You may like farmers to pick fruits, vegetables you like in the fields.

"季节轮回，难耐我们回归自然之心。”不知您在这里听了这句话是否感到亲切。愿大家此时把工作的疲劳和生活的烦恼抛到九霄云外，同我一起沐浴大自然的慷慨与激情。今天由我为大家做沿途解说，首先我代表幽谷神潭的全体员工欢迎各位的到来，如果大家在游玩过程中有什么不解的问题，请向我提出，我会尽全力给您一个满意的答复。

首先展现在我们面前的是一个巨大的游泳池，池中水是流动的春天然矿泉水，此水全部是由山顶流下来的，山上长满了许多珍贵的野生药材，比如柴胡、山姜、百合、白芍……因此水中溶入了许多药材的汁液，所以在此游泳清凉自在、身上爽滑，且有祛病健身等功效。

各位朋友，不知当您进入峡谷，是否感觉清爽之气扑面而来，当您漫步在石筑的小路上，举头仰望两岸高岩壁立，郁郁苍苍，山石由近而远，加上谷中纵横的溪流，淙淙作响，是否让您的精神为之大振呢?

现在引入您眼帘的是一块巨大的石头架在两石之上形成一个拱门，上书“通天门”，巧妙地把人文精神融化在大自然地鬼斧神工之中。顺着我地手往上看，巨大的岩壁酷似一张山神的脸，长长的鼻梁、紧闭着的嘴、双眼一开一闭着，张开的眼关切着进入幽谷神潭的人们，守护着您的安全，闭着的眼告诉人们它并不在意您扰了山神的清净。

这条峡谷共有2.5公里的路程，涧中处处有水，而且山有多高水便有多高，有水就有鱼，让您感到大自然那充满灵动的神韵。

为了您在登山过程中，不感到疲劳和空虚，除了能感受大自然的神韵外，也能欣赏到人为艺术，所以我们请了各地有名的石匠在此雕刻了一些书法篆刻和古代岩画。这一组“渐入佳境”不正是在督促您向上走，里面的景色会更美。

在您的周围，有各式各样的石头，形象万千，独具特色，比如趴在消息里的那只小龟，正做正向上攀登的动作，传说它从谷里被冲下来，至今已有数万年之久了，悠闲自在的趴在那里，究竟是什么原因导致它被冲到这里能?请您随我一起祛寻找答案。

人有“三分长相，七分打扮”一言，那么景也就有“三分象，七分想”一说，大家请回头随我手指的方向看“卧虎岭”好似真的一只头向西的大老虎在那趴着，传说是玉皇大帝派遣在这里的“守山之王”。

这里有一块巨大的“探头石”，形成了一个天然的屋檐，由于夏天雨水过多，所以将这个圆柱立在了下面，让游客在此歇脚时有一定的安全感。

朋友们，想尝试一下“高空飞人”的感觉吗?我们景区一九九八年八月份开发了这项人工娱乐设施——“高空速滑”，其娱乐性、刺激性强，但有惊无险，如果朋友们有兴趣的话可以亲身体验一下。

在大家眼前的是一个深约3米，宽约2米的深沟，沟里长着一些绿色的苔藓，不时从石缝里流出一股清泉。传说这里曾经是鲶鱼精的洞穴，它经常危害方圆百姓，兴风作浪，引起玉皇大帝的愤怒，于是下令雷公捕杀它，为百姓除害，鲶鱼精受了伤躲进洞穴，至今血还残留在洞穴里，那股清泉冲刷到现在，也不能冲去它的罪恶。

面前者谭不及其清澈见底，忠心希望人余人直间底情谊就象这“情深似水”潭，至于这个名字的由来请大家随我往前走，顺着我手指的方向看，听我讲一个感人而又悲伤的故事，这只大龟在努力向上爬的同时头却朝向谷口，而在它的保护下，她的孩子横卧着，将头藏在妈妈的脖子下，原本山下谷口那只小龟也应在妈妈身旁，只因在雷公捕杀鲶鱼精的时候，当晚雷鸣电闪、风雨交加，吓坏了母龟和它的两个孩子，为了躲避这场灾难，母龟便托住小龟，往山顶跑，突然，在它身边的一只小龟不留神踩到一块散的石头，便掉了下来，又随着汹涌的河水被冲到了谷底。大龟的头就这样一直冲谷口望去，望她那失散多年的孩子，眼泪掉了一遍又一遍，积成了一个潭，人们为之感动，起名为“情深似水”潭，潭里的眼泪流向谷底，冲到小龟的身体，也寄托了母亲的思念，真可谓“儿行千里母担忧，母行千里儿不愁”。

在往前走又一块大石头挡住了我们的视线，“换了人间”四个大字刻在其上，绕过此石到清凉谷，请大家暂时溶入这自然之中，尽情享受人家最美的境界。走到这儿我们暂停脚步，这里树木茂盛且凉爽，由此梯而上，是一巨大平台，周围树荫遮掩、清风吹拂，坐在上面，望着满谷的秀美，心都醉了。

现在展现在大家眼前的就是幽谷神潭的奇景之一的“飞瀑”。高百尺，上下两叠，上叠侧峰壁立之间，奔腾的山泉如蛟龙出谷，协风带雾，杂在下叠的花岗岩上，浪花飞溅，满谷轰鸣，而后由慢撒在鳞片状的崖壁上，形成一副书迷宽的水帘，飘飘洒洒一泻数丈，形成飞瀑奇观，其中最深处在3.4米，虽然没有李白那“飞流只下三千里，疑是银河落九天”之壮观，但其秀美也乐在其中了。

俗话说“不到长城非好汉”，那么在这里我要对大家说的是“不到神潭更遗憾”。走过这一关便是“神潭”，登天梯乐趣无穷，有惊无险，当您站在天梯顶转头向谷底了望，两侧的山峰耸立，中间那条小路就像一条卧龙向上蠕动，冲着谷口大声喊，会让您的心情更加舒畅。

现在大家看到的便是著名的“神潭”。潭方百尺，最深处达8米多，上接飞瀑，下引清流，远观上下两条瀑布如双龙含珠，更为神奇的是自上而下为一整块灰白色的天然花岗岩冲击而成的，但何以能冲成这么深的一个潭，也是令人不解的。在潭水静时，虽然有8米深，确清澈见底，潭底一闪一闪的是硬币，每一枚都代表了游客的一个心愿，潭中小鱼悠哉游哉，潭口阔而潭底小，象脸盆状，水质很高，属纯天然矿泉水。

传说这里有只神龟，是专管人间阴晴雨雪之事，所以当地百姓敬潭如神，有祈雨的仪式流传至今。在大旱时方圆几十里百姓到神潭旁的“祈雨神庙”中祈雨，人员为男性，光着上身，扛两只羊，提着一个铜酒壶，祭祀完毕，从神潭汲半壶水，这水不能动，待下雨后再把水倒回潭中，据说及其灵验，常常在归途中便有大雨。

祝融峰挺拔突起，高出芙蓉、紫盖、天柱、祥光、烟霞、轸宿诸峰之上，据新编《南岳志》载：祝融峰，海拔1289.8米，位于北纬27度18分6，东经112度41分05，是南岳七十二峰的最高峰和主峰。

是根据火神祝融氏的名字命名的，相传祝融氏是上古轩辕黄帝的大臣，人类发明钻木取火后却不会保存火种和不会用火，祝融氏由于跟火亲近，成了管火用火的能手。黄帝就任命他为管火的火正官。因为他熟悉南方的情况，黄帝又封他为司徒，主管南方事物。他住在衡山，死后又葬在衡山。为了纪念他对人们的重大贡献，将衡山的最高峰命名祝融峰。在古语中，“祝”是持久，“融”是光明，让他永远光明。 祝融峰顶有祝融殿，原名老圣帝殿，明万历年间(1573—1620)始建为祠。现在的建筑是后来重新修建的，殿后岩石上装有石栏杆，北山风光尽收眼底。

在祝融殿的西边，有望月台，月明之夜，皓月临空，银光四射，景色格外明丽。游人站在台上，欣赏月色，较在平地上别有一番景象。即使月亮西沉，这里也留有它的余辉。正如明代孙应鳌的诗所描绘的：“人间朗魄已落尽，此地清光犹未低。”幽妙的情景，可以想见了。 祝融峰附近寺庙林立，其南面有上封寺，隋代以前叫光天观，是道教活动的地方。隋炀帝大业年间(605—618)，下令改为上封寺。上封寺的正前方是南天门。上封寺后的山上有观日台，现设有气象台。在观日台旁边，有一块石碑，上面刻有“观日出处”四个大字，在秋高气爽，特别是雨后初晴的日子里，游人可以看到“一轮红日滚金球”的奇景。

辽宁沈阳故宫景点导游词

沈阳故宫位于辽宁省沈阳市中心，是中国仅存的两大宫殿建筑群之一，又称盛京皇宫，为清朝初期的皇宫。下面由小编来给大家分享辽宁沈阳故宫景点导游词，欢迎大家参阅。

辽宁沈阳故宫景点导游词1

大家好!首先请允许我代表沈阳市全体市民对各位的到来表示热烈欢迎!今天我为大家介绍的就是沈阳的风景名胜之一的沈阳故宫。

沈阳故宫占地6万多平方米，有楼台殿阁各式建筑70余座，由20多个院落组成，总计房屋300多间。故宫按自然布局分为中路、东路和西路三部分。

中路：是太宗皇太极时期的大内宫阙。南端是大清门，也是故宫的正门。向北依次是崇政殿、凤凰褛、清宁宫，它们都排列在一条中轴线上，两侧还有一些对称式的附属建筑。

大清门是日常朝会时文武大臣侯朝的地方，也是清太宗接受群臣谢恩之处。明朝著名将领洪承畴降清后，就从此门进入，受到皇太极的接见。大清门东侧这处建筑叫祖庙，祖庙是爱新觉罗家族祭祀祖先的地方，因是天子的祖庙也称太庙。

崇政殿前，东西各有五间厢楼，东为飞龙阁，西为翔凤阁。殿后是一个院落，院正北有一座高约4米的高台，台上是皇太极极其后妃的寝区。沿台阶走上去便是一座金碧辉煌的高楼----凤凰楼。它的原名叫翔凤楼，直到1743年才有凤凰楼之称。凤凰楼是清宁宫的门户，也是皇帝策划军政大事和宴筵之所。它与崇政殿同期建成，康熙二十年重修。楼为三层，是三滴水式建筑。每层深广各三间，周围有回廊，下层的门洞是联络台上台下的道。风凰楼既是后宫的大门，又是整个宫殿建筑的制高点。在楼上观看日出，极为美妙。所以凤楼晓日、凤楼观塔是沈城著名的景观。凤凰楼正门上额的紫气东来金字横匾是乾隆皇帝的御笔。

清宁宫两侧是东西配宫，东配宫有关雎宫、衍庆宫;西配宫有麟趾宫和永福宫。东西配宫均为皇太极和妃子们居住之所。清宁宫西北角有一根由地面垒起，低于屋背的烟囱，人们从正面是看不见的。从清宁宫这一系列建筑中，我们可以发现沈阳故宫的两大建筑特点：一是保存了浓厚的满族特色即口袋房、万字炕、烟囱竖在地面上。二是宫高殿低，清宁宫及其四所配宫均高于皇帝议政的崇政殿和东路的大政殿。这是因为清朝夺取政权前，满族是一个牧猎民族，受生活习惯的影响，把居住的地方建在高处，以防野兽和洪水的侵袭。这与北京故宫恰好相反。

清宁宫高台之后是后苑，也叫御花园，内有碾磨房、二十八间仓、后宰门等建筑，是皇帝膳食的供给区。并有地下窨道与清宁宫相通。

在崇政殿、清宁宫高台两侧有东所、西所。东所由南往北依次是颐和殿、介祉宫、敬典阁等。东所是东巡时皇帝后妃给太后请安之处，也皇太后的寝宫和存放实录、玉牒之处;西所由南往北依次是迪光殿、保极殿、继恩斋和崇谟阁等。西所是东巡时皇帝、后妃及子女居住的地方和存放《圣训》、《满文老档》的地方。崇谟阁的建筑形式是别具一格的，它为卷棚式建筑，是在清乾隆年间增建的。

东路是以大政殿为主体，两侧辅以方亭十座，称十王亭。大政殿建于努尔哈赤时期，是故宫最早期八角重檐大木架亭子式建筑。大政殿下是高约1.5米的须弥座式台基，周围绕以雕刻精细的荷叶净瓶青石雕。殿身八面均有斧头眼式隔扇门，内外排柱40根，正门前有双龙蟠柱。殿顶是十六道五彩琉璃脊，正中是宝瓶火焰珠。殿内有精致的斗拱、藻井天花，梁架上用和玺彩绘，上有黄琉璃瓦绿剪边的顶盖。整个建筑显示出极强的美感和庄严秀丽的装饰艺术情趣。大政殿是皇帝举行大型庆典的地方，1643年清世祖福临在此即位。

辽宁沈阳故宫景点导游词2

各位游客们，大家好!，在繁华的沈阳古城中心，有一座巍峨庄严的清代宫殿建筑群。那里就是我们这天的目的地――沈阳故宫。

依建筑时光和布局，沈阳故宫的建筑可分为三部分，它们分别是东路、中路、西路。这天，我们就按这个顺序。首先参观东路建筑。沈阳故宫以其独特的建筑艺术和特殊的历史而闻名中外，在这片绚丽多彩，雄伟多姿的建筑群中，最古老，最具特色的就是我们面前的大政殿。

大政殿草创于1620_年，是处理国家政务和举行庆典活动的主要场所之一。大政殿为八角重檐攒尖式建筑，外形近似满族早期在山林中狩猎时所搭的帐篷。在大政殿的房脊上，还饰有八个蒙古力士，牵引着八条铁链，象征着“八方归一”。正门前的大柱上，盘旋着两条翘首扬爪的金龙，是受汉族敬天畏龙思想的影响，以龙代表天子的至尊无上。大政殿建筑特点的多样性，体现了多民族文化的融合。金龙盘柱，尽显中原之风;八位力士又流露了浓郁的蒙古色彩;而亭帐式的风貌，则是满族古老文化的延续。作为最早使用和最为重要的宫殿之一。许多重大历史事件都以大政殿为舞台上演。1643年，六岁的顺治皇帝在大政殿继承帝位，并于次年在此颁布了出兵令，命摄政王多尔哀兵入山海关直捣中原，最终完成了满清一代的一统大业。

大政殿两侧南向，十王亭呈燕翅排列。错落有致，如众星拱月，南宽北狭，似无穷无尽，象征兵多将广，万世绵延。十王亭是清朝入关前左右翼王和八旗旗主在皇宫内办公的地方。它们与大政殿构成了一组亭子式的院落建筑，反映了满族独特的军政体制――八旗制度，这在中国的历史上堪称独步天下。远在努尔哈赤立国之初，凡遇军国大事都由汗王与八旗贝勒大臣共同讨论决定。努尔哈赤定都沈阳后，在修建宫殿时便将这种“君臣合署办公”的制度固定化。以建筑的形式表现了八旗制度和“八和硕贝勒共治国政”的政体及军事民主的思想。因而构成了大政殿、十五亭这组独特的建筑，为中国宫殿建筑史写下了空前的一页。

辽宁沈阳故宫景点导游词3

各位游客：大家好。

我们此次游览的景点是世界文化遗产、国家4A级景区、国家重点文物保护单位——沈阳故宫。首先呢，我们一起来看一下沈阳故宫的平面图。沈阳故宫始建于公元1620_年。先后经过三次大规模建设，形成了东、中、西三路格局。东路建立于清太祖努尔哈赤时期，主要建筑是大政殿和十王庭;中路建于清太宗皇太极时期，主要的建筑是大清门、崇政殿、凤凰楼、清宁宫;

西路呢，建于清乾隆年间，主要建筑是戏台、嘉荫堂、文溯阁和仰熙斋，它因存放《四库全书》而闻名。那么作为我国现存最完好的两座古代帝王宫殿之一呢，沈阳故宫与北京故宫遥相呼应，却又有着截然不同的建筑风格。现在呢我们就来领略一下昔日皇宫的风采。首先我们看到的是中路建筑的大清门，它俗称午门，也就是沈阳故宫的正门。是当时文武群臣候朝的地方，也是清太宗皇太极接受群臣谢恩之处。那么这座门为什么叫做大清门呢?正统的说法是清朝的国号为清，

皇宫的正门就是国门，所以称为大清门。还有一个传说，这座木门呢在建成之后呢并没有名称，只是叫做大门。后来，皇太极改国号为大清，听说北京明朝皇宫的宫门叫大明门，于是为了体现针锋相对，就将此门命名为大清门。我们穿过大清门，现在正面的建筑就是崇政殿。崇政殿原名“正殿”，俗称金銮殿。崇德元年定名为崇政殿。它是皇太极日常处理军政要务、接见外国使臣和边疆少数民族代表的地方。

我们可以看到崇政殿为五间九檩硬山式建筑，殿顶铺黄琉璃瓦，镶绿剪边，那么请各位游客注意的是殿顶的琉璃瓦，有去过北京故宫的朋友一定会清楚地记得北京故宫的琉璃瓦是黄色的，而沈阳的琉璃瓦是黄色镶绿剪边。那么这是沈阳故宫与北京故宫的重要差别之一。我们走上月台。那么在月台两侧分别有用于计时的日晷，和用于存放标准计量单位的嘉量亭。我们看到在月台上呢还设有四口大缸，那么大家知道它们是做什么用的吗?那我告诉大家吧，他叫做“吉祥缸”古代称它是“门海”，是皇宫中重要的防火设施，象征缸中水多似海，可以镇火灾。我们走上须弥座。抬头看上方的牌匾是用满文和汉文书写的“崇政殿”。请游客看左边的满文，我们有个形象的比喻“中间一根棍，两边都是刺，加上圈和点，就是满文字儿”。

辽宁沈阳故宫景点导游词4

各位朋友，欢迎大家来到沈阳，我是你们的导游，沈梦，大家能够叫我沈导游，也能够叫我梦导，我更喜欢你们加我梦导，好了，先简答给大家介绍一下，在繁华的沈阳古城中心，有一座巍峨庄严的清代宫殿建筑群。就是我们这天的目的地——沈阳故宫。

依建筑时光和布局，沈阳故宫的建筑可分为三部分，它们分别是东路、中路、西路。这天，我们就按这个顺序。首先参观东路建筑。

沈阳故宫以其独特的建筑艺术和特殊的历史而闻名中外，在这片绚丽多彩，雄伟多姿的建筑群中，最古老，最具特色的就是我们面前的大政殿。

大政殿草创于1620_年，是处理国家政务和举行庆典活动的主要场所之一。接下来作为最早使用和最为重要的宫殿之一。许多重大历史事件都以大政殿为舞台上演。

大清门是沈阳故宫的正门，为皇帝临朝前，文武百官候朝的地方。它便是演义小说中俗称的“午朝门”。大清门的屋顶满铺黄琉璃瓦并衬以绿色剪边，既保留了以黄为尊的传统观念，又体现了满族对故乡山林的深厚眷念。从而构成了区别北京故宫的一个特点——宫殿顶覆以黄琉璃瓦镶以绿色剪边。

穿过大清门，北望便是崇政殿。崇政殿俗称“金銮殿”，是清太宗皇太极举行日常朝会的地方。

各位朋友，古代宫殿建筑布局讲究“前朝后寝”。看过了皇帝上朝的金銮殿，请大家随我去参观帝后的寝宫。

凤凰楼为宴饮、议事之所，是当年沈阳城的最高建筑，诗称“欲穷千里目，更上一层楼”可谓十分贴切。登上凤凰楼俯瞰四周，万般景物尽收眼底，可饱览盛京全景，也可观赏日出。“凤楼晓日”是当年著名的盛京八景之一。

辽宁沈阳故宫景点导游词5

各位朋友，在繁华的沈阳古城中心，有一座巍峨庄严的清代宫殿建筑群。那里就是我们这天的目的地――沈阳故宫。

依建筑时光和布局，沈阳故宫的建筑可分为三部分，它们分别是东路、中路、西路。这天，我们就按这个顺序。首先参观东路建筑。

沈阳故宫以其独特的建筑艺术和特殊的历史而闻名中外，在这片绚丽多彩，雄伟多姿的建筑群中，最古老，最具特色的就是我们面前的大政殿。

大政殿草创于1620_年，是处理国家政务和举行庆典活动的主要场所之一。大政殿为八角重檐攒尖式建筑，外形近似满族早期在山林中狩猎时所搭的帐篷。在大政殿的房脊上，还饰有八个蒙古力士，牵引着八条铁链，象征着“八方归一”。正门前的大柱上，盘旋着两条翘首扬爪的金龙，是受汉族敬天畏龙思想的影响，以龙代表天子的至尊无上。大政殿建筑特点的多样性，体现了多民族文化的融合。金龙盘柱，尽显中原之风;八位力士又流露了浓郁的蒙古色彩;而亭帐式的风貌，则是满族古老文化的延续。

作为最早使用和最为重要的宫殿之一。许多重大历史事件都以大政殿为舞台上演。1643年，六岁的顺治皇帝在大政殿继承帝位，并于次年在此颁布了出兵令，命摄政王多尔哀兵入山海关直捣中原，最终完成了满清一代的一统大业。

香港文武庙是香港最具历史的庙宇， 位于荷里活道，创建的历史可追溯至香港开埠初期。庙内奉祀文昌帝及关帝，庙内藏有一件道光27年的铜钟，足以证明庙宇据今有150年历史。庙内串串塔香挂满庙宇，是其一大特色。据说始于清朝年间的斩鸡头和烧黄纸等仪式，到目前仍然被香港政府所承认的。此庙虽经多次修建，总体仍保持旧貌，至今香火鼎盛。 是香港最著名的庙宇之一。

荷李活道文武庙是位于港岛上环的，在香港最具历史的庙宇，创建的历史可追溯至香港开埠初期。庙内奉祀文昌帝及关帝，是港岛的宗教信仰中心。庙内串串塔香挂满庙宇，甚为壮观，更是其一大特色。

荷李活道文武庙位于香港上环荷李活道124号，是香港著名的庙宇之一，归东华医院管理。该庙及善德宫之收入及资产租金每年拨充善举，资助教育，造福清贫学子，脾益至大。庙内设有钱箱，参神者可自由捐款。1957年庙祝制度取消，由院方直辖管理，凡善信参神，随意乐助香油。至于祭祀之举，则由东华三院总理邀请政府机关首长殷商贤达，每年都会到文武庙作春秋二祭，藉以崇功报德。而令这间庙的知名度大噪。

该庙创建年代不详。以其建筑形式及风格，应为清朝中叶的产物。庙中有一只1847年(道光廿七年)的铜钟，二条1850年(道光三十年)的石柱。1850年(道光三十年)、1884年(光绪十年)两次重修。1994年，庙后加建善德宫，供善信租用以供奉先人灵位。早期的文武庙门前有两座大石狮子，木栅栏为庙门，屋脊上有两条作飞状之龙。后殿两旁分置铜造巨笔及大关刀，天井摆设香炉、焚化炉。庙内有銮舆两座，乃先后由各行商联合献送者，其一在1862年(清同治元年)，另一座在1885年(清光绪十一年)，该两座銮舆，均用酸枝制造，精工雕镂，髹以真金色，陈列庙廊，为庙内富有历史性之纪念品。曩昔每岁神诞庆典，时有用以奉请神像出巡之举。庙宇构筑精巧，色彩绚丽。庙堂平面呈二进式，纵深约为24米，有前后殿之分，中间加盖天井。后殿正中供奉文武二帝，左侧 供奉城隍，右侧供奉包公，中间置香案。案侧边的"妙手生花笔"，这笔已有数百年历史了。据说摸过神笔，能学业猛进，名成利就。以前广东附近一带的举人，在上京考试之前，必到此地来拜祭一番，顺手一摸此笔，以祈能在考试期间，写出一编极好文章，即使不能高中状元，也希望得中翰林或进士。奉祀神灵:文昌帝君武圣关帝君。另祀神灵:包公、城隍、十殿阎王、福德。香港开埠初期，华人仍抱有"生不入官门，死不入地狱"的心态，倘遇钱债纠纷，或任何是非仇怨等，就到庙宇里，在神灵面前宣誓，求神仲裁。由于华人相信"举头三尺有神灵"，不敢当著神灵的面前说谎，故可化解纷争，不用惊动官府。据说诉讼者须携同一只公鸡，在庙祝前"斩鸡头，烧符咒"，并立下重誓，以表清白。当时很多法制乃未完善，在文武庙内举行烧黄纸及斩鸡头的宣誓方法，在当时被承认有法律效力。同时期，亦成商绅集会议事的地方。当时议事时没地方可供多人集会;而文武庙在市区，地方多，适宜作为集会的场所。

八一起义纪念馆位于南昌最繁华的一条街道——中山路，今年春节我和爸爸来到纪念馆参观。

刚进大门，看见一座崭新的大楼耸立在眼前。进入大楼，只见一只巨的手拿着一把枪，这象征着打响了革命的第一枪。

往里走，就看见了许多起义军从敌人手里缴获的战利品，有威力巨大的大炮、火力十足的机关枪......

继续往前走，就是一楼通往二楼的阶梯，虽说是一层阶梯，但是，这一层阶梯和其他阶梯大不一样，他四周的墙壁上都画上了井冈山的风景，就连阶梯也改成了石头的，旁边种满了花草，你一走上阶梯，你一定会感到你自己不是在一个纪念馆里，而是在美丽的井冈山上。

到了二楼，笔直往前走，不一会儿，便会来到一群“人群”中，这些人是用蜡做的，一个个生龙活虎、栩栩如生，就像真人一样。

再往前走，你能看见许多革命烈士的奖章，这些奖章完好无缺，有的还保持着以前的光彩。

不知不觉，我们走出了纪念馆，走出了纪念馆以后，一路上，我的内心久久不能平静，我在想：“没有这些革命烈士，就没有我们今天的幸福生活。”

"The west lake, thirty six", but the west lake of yangzhou, the formation of the lake, with its delicate and pretty beautiful charm of a fitting "thin" words.

West lake scenic area is shu he - the core and essence of west lake national key scenic spot. A song of water just like brocade belt, such as gone with the wind, such as breeze, when closed, when compared with hangzhou west lake, another thin verve. Sui and tang dynasties, the west coast is established in succession. When the qing dynasty, because the two emperors kangxi and qianlong six degrees of "southern", formed a "two dike flower LiuQuan depends on water, gazebo all the way until the mountain". The qiantang river in the qing dynasty poet wang kang hang to yangzhou west lake with the hangzhou west lake, wrote: "chueiyang constantly meet the residual weeds, wild goose tooth hongqiao yanyan drawing. Also pin a pot of gold, reason should be called west lake." West lake, hence the name and approval by people, was the Chinese and foreign.

West lake scenic area as the representative of lake landscape in our country, the classical garden group combines south show north male, combination is clever, are due to borrow, constitutes the common space, a west lake as the scene outside view, garden art realm, the garden are twenty scene in the history of famous throughout the world. Graceful zigzag a lake water, the list with volume Shi Dongtian, west park water, hongqiao evoque, causeway spring willow, pu misty rain, a warm southerly breeze, four bridge MeiLing spring depth, water clouds - almost, cloud, spring the bright moon, three white pagoda shine leave a trace, shu gang WanZhao, Wan Song jade green, flower island double spring the wins, pearl inlaid burging mixed on the jade belt, formed a picture of a thorn natural stereoscopic landscape picture scroll, and small jinshan 24 bridge scenic spot, the five pavilion bridge, is this picture of the pen.

The beauty of the west lake scenery, very early for people to yearn for. Qing liu observatory said: "to shop at lake mountain - hangzhou, suzhou, yangzhou garden house wins". Another qing Shen Fu in of SCFL (six chapters of a floating shout: "odd illusions, natural ornament, namely LangYuan jade pool, a fabulously rich residence, we trust this though. The beauty in the garden house one of more than ten, contact to mountain, imposing manner consistent." In the history of li bai, tu mu, ouyang xiu, liu yuxi, bai juyi, su shi, Wang Yuyang, pu songling, direction, wu ching-tzu, yu dafu, zhu zi-qing cultural celebrities such as leave or deep or shallow footprints in this area and a large number of popular discourse. "March fireworks yangzhou", "garden is more curtilage, horses and chariots, less than ship", "twenty-four bridge moon night, jade where people teach flute", "bead curtain volume spring breeze", "green eroilor guo is yangzhou" countless words such as lovers, eternal, added dazzling part for west lake.

West lake scenic area is due to its long history, rich cultural landscape, beautiful natural charm of elegance, already become the ancient and modern Chinese and foreign guests is a famous tourist attraction. West lake scenic area is the first important external window of China excellent tourist city of yangzhou, with national key scenic area, the national "AAAA level tourist area, the national civilized scenery tourist area demonstration site. In recent years, the west lake scenic area to develop the construction of scenic areas, attractions, has amounted to 168.32 hectares, food, travel, tour, shopping, entertainment, tourism increasingly perfect supporting facilities, with the ISO9001 international quality system certification, for the sustainable development of the new century and to inject new connotation of the international tourism market.

Ten mile lake, clear pale green garden, garden pond, sweeping dicui, pavilions, strewn at random have send. Humanities landscape, unique charm. West lake is eight visitors with open arms, warmly welcome the distinguished guests gaopeng. Five pavilion bridge The lake is unique among the national garden, five pavilion bridge is a sign of west lake, there is a place for in garden in the country. Its biggest characteristic is the perfect combination of masculine, feminine and southern north male organic harmony. The bridge was built in the lotus pangde, qing qianlong is twenty-two years (1757) tour salt empire built by emperor youzhu of northern qi, because was built in the lotus pangde, or because is shaped like a blooming lotus flower, so it is also called the lotus bridge.

To this, it is said that emperor qianlong southern lamented it is like spring QiongDao Yin scene, it points out the view of the bridge is draw lessons from Beijing in the north sea. Indeed, the bridge is affected by the north sea the five dragon pavilions, deep five pavilions built by the water, the five dragon pavilions longtzer, China and Japan faced on the bottom round, symbol looks; West for chung red, emerald green, chung is square double-hipped roof, floating cui is square single eaves; East is auspicious, zi xiang, chengcheng auspicious is square double-hipped roof. Five pavilions are green glazed tile roof, pavilion and pavilion Shi Liang connected between the two, tactfully if flying, another longtzer, zi xiang, floating cui three kiosks have single-arch stone bridge into the rock bank, draw bead column building, shining ripples. Yangzhou five pavilion bridge without the north sea open water, of course, cant put the five dragon pavilions. But clever craftsman dont make up, combine the pavilions, Bridges, form the pavilion bridge, for the five pavilions of cluster on a bridge, pavilion and pavilion with a short corridor, between form complete roof.

Bridge pavilion, poured male, both how to configure the harmonious? The key here is how to put the bridge construction so dainty, with bridge pavilion ratio, appropriate configuration harmony. ZaoQiaoZhe rolled the arch bridge built form, made up of three different roll contact hole, span a total of 15, center span is the largest, span of 7.13 meters, a large semicircle, direct injection, next to a dozen span arrangement on bridge based on three sides, can connect the north and the south, also a small semicircular, bridge hole for the fan, can pass. Positive, along with reflections, five hole formation, sizes and shapes their forms, thus on the bridge foundation of massiness, arranged the ethereal arch volume, placed in the straight line of the seam Angle curve little tunnel, and the bridge pavilion configuration naturally harmonious. No wonder the posterity to bridge foundation than into northern mighty men of valor, and compares the bridge pavilion south beautiful girl, this is combination of force and beauty, the harmony of zhuang and show.

The white

Yangzhou still circulating "night made white pagoda" story. The story of the qing dynasty grand view "unofficial history. One day, emperor qianlong tour in the west lake, ship to five pavilion bridge, suddenly to yangzhou accompanying officials said: "here is much like a city in the north sea QiongDao spring Yin ah, but a poor white tower". Early the next morning, the emperor xuan open a look, and see five pavilion bridge beside a white pagoda standing, thought it was from the sky, the eunuch hurriedly knelt beside play a way: "upstream of the west lake is a salt merchants who, to make up for the regret, rushed into the" overnight.

, is said to be one of the eight salt merchants, qianlong about the stories with describe, please graphed, and then the voice of night package with salt as the foundation, to push into the surface of the paper. Hyperopia, although only can close to climb, but the qianlong regrets ground say: "humanitarian yangzhou salt merchants rich of guilin, really liked".

今天我要给大家讲一下陕西历史博物馆!

如果你去过西安，陕西历史博物馆是比去之处，你要去看看那的文物，是十四朝的古都，占地56000平方米，里面分周、六国、秦、三国、汉、晋、隋、唐六个区域，那我就给大家说三个吧!

周朝很特殊，那时几乎没有部队，也不打仗，老百姓过着无忧无虑的生活，一个叫“嬴政”的人觉得，生活在这个朝代不好，于是他招兵买马，大家都像嬴政靠拢，第一天拿下了潼关，十天后陕西的一半都被秦拿下了，二十天后周军逃亡浙江一带，秦拿下陕西。

六国之战完后，秦统一了中国，秦还未统一中国十年，项羽、刘邦就结盟，攻打秦国。开始在秦始皇的引导下，秦防守的非常出色，一个月来一个城都未被攻下来，让刘邦、项羽无法下手，可有一天秦始皇病死了，让他的儿子接班，儿子很不争气，吃喝玩乐不管国家大事，自以为爸爸的军队多么出色，不一会上海、浙江、安徽、湖南、山西就丢了，湖南、山西可是陕西的盾牌啊!可他并没有进攻，只是防守，又说湖北、四川被攻下，加上突厥来捣乱，不到一个月陕西就被攻下了。这让我懂得了强久必弱，弱久必强。

我爱陕西博物馆，我爱西安，这次游览使我终身难忘。

亲爱的游客朋友们： 大家好!

我是你们本次的导游，我叫哈柄旭。你们可以叫我小哈。我是一个活泼的人，大家不必拘束哦!那么下面我们就进行为期一天的北陵之旅吧!

北陵公园简介(1分钟)

北陵又称清昭陵是清朝第二代开国君主太宗皇太极以及孝端文皇后博尔济吉特氏的陵墓，占地330万平方米。1643年(清崇德八年)清太宗皇太极和孝端文皇后博尔济吉特氏的陵墓昭陵建成。1920_年，奉天省政府将清昭陵辟为公园。昭陵是沈阳名胜古迹之一，是我国古代建筑的精华，也是汉满蒙民族文化交流的典型。1982年国务院公布清昭陵为第二批全国重点文物保护单位。

方城是陵园的主体部分，结构与福陵的方城相似。北陵既有古老的传统建筑，又有现代化游园设施，置身园中，抚今追昔，令人感慨万千。它是国内外游人来沈必游之地。清昭陵内古松参天，有许多地方值得观看，像赑屃驮石碑、角楼、后山的陵墓等都是值得一去的地方。

陵墓占地面积16万平方米，是清初“关外三陵”中规模最大、气势最宏伟的一座。位于沈阳古城北约十华里，因此也称“北陵”，是清代皇家陵寝和现代园林合一的游览胜地。园内古松参天，草木葱茏，湖水荡漾，楼殿威严，金瓦夺目，充分显示出皇家陵园的雄伟、壮丽和现代园林的清雅、秀美。昭陵除了葬有帝后外，还葬有关睢宫宸妃、麟趾宫贵妃、洐庆宫淑妃等一批后妃佳丽，是清初关外陵寝中最具代表性的一座帝陵，是我国现存最完整的古代帝王陵墓建筑之一。

公园(10秒)

昭陵的另一特色是漫漫数里的古松群。现存古松二千余棵，松龄达三百多年，摇曳挺拔，参天敝日。这些苍翠的陵松在金瓦红墙中构成昭陵又一壮丽景观，其中的“神树”、“凤凰树”、“夫妻树”、“姐妹树”、“龟树”等更是别具特色。

清昭陵正门+主体(40秒)

沈阳昭陵陵区建筑布局大致是这样的：陵区四周设有红、白、青三种颜色界桩，南北狭长，东西偏窄。陵区最南端是下马碑，其次，为华表和石狮。往北是陵寝正门——正红门，此门周围是环绕陵区的朱红围墙，又叫“风水墙”。正红门内有一条南北笔直的石路叫“神道”，神道两侧由南往北依次立有擎天柱柱一对，石狮子一对，石獬豸一对，石麒麟一对，石马一对，石骆驼一对，石象一对。这些石兽统称“石象生”。最北边是月牙城，月牙城正面有琉璃影壁，两侧有“蹬

道”可上下方城，月牙城之后是宝城、宝顶，宝顶之内为地宫。宝城之后是人工堆起的陵山——“隆业山”。另在陵寝西侧、与宝顶遥遥相对还有一组建筑叫“懿靖大贵妃、康惠淑妃园寝”，是安葬太宗众妃的莹地。除此之外，在陵寝东西两翼各三里许有陪葬墓。

总的来看，沈阳昭陵主体建筑仍保存至今，地下基础完好，规划、布局依然完整，古建筑与遗址未受后人过多的干预与改变，自然环境也基本保持原始状态，真实性与完整性程度很高。

皇太极历史(1分钟)

爱新觉罗·皇太极，即清太宗，清太祖爱新觉罗·努尔哈赤第八子。清初杰出的军事家、政治家，后金第二位大汗、清朝开国皇帝。自少年起常随父兄狩猎和征战，骑射娴熟。天命十一年(1620_年)努尔哈赤去世后，皇太极受推举袭承汗位，改次年为天聪元年。皇太极即位之后进行大刀阔斧的封建化改革，加强中央集权;在战略上定先征服朝鲜和漠南蒙古，以解除攻明后顾之忧的战略方针。对明则采纳汉族降官建议，确立讲和与自固之策，重用汉将，削弱明朝实力，志在入关夺取全国政权。[2]

崇德元年(1636年)，在盛京(今沈阳)称帝，建国号大清，并且迫使李氏朝鲜臣服于清朝。在崇德六年(1642年)的松锦大战中生俘洪承畴，自此明朝关外精锐丧失殆尽，宁锦防线彻底崩溃，清军入关已成必然之势[3]。崇德八年(1643年)，皇太极猝死于清军入关前夕，未能实现夺取全国政权的夙愿。皇太极前后在位20_年。他在位期间，发展生产，增强兵力，不断对明朝作战，为下阶段清王朝迅速扩展入主中原，打下了坚实的基础。庙号太宗，谥号应天兴国弘德彰武宽温仁圣睿孝敬敏昭定隆道显功文皇帝，葬于沈阳昭陵。死后其第九子福临即位。

皇太极和博尔济济特一个姑姑两个侄女(1分钟)

他这一生娶了十五位妻子，但博尔济济特家族的三位女性在历史上尤为显得重要。孝端文皇后(1599年05月31日-1649年05月28日)，博尔济吉特氏，名哲哲，清太宗爱新觉罗·皇太极皇后，蒙古科尔沁贝勒莽古思之女。

孝庄文皇后(1620_年-1688年)，博尔济吉特氏，名布木布泰(亦作本布泰，意为“天降贵人”)，蒙古科尔沁部(在今通辽)贝勒博尔济吉特·布和之次女，孝端文皇后之侄女。崇德三年生皇九子福临(顺治帝);崇德八年(1643年)，顺治帝即位后，与其姑孝端文皇后两宫并尊，称圣母皇太后;顺治八年(1651年)上徽号曰昭圣皇太后;康熙帝即位后尊为太皇太后;

敏惠恭和元妃(1620_年-1641年)，博尔济吉特氏，名海兰珠。生于万历三十七年，为蒙古科尔沁贝勒寨桑之女，亦孝端文皇后之侄女。天聪八年(1634

年)，时年二十六岁海兰珠入清宫。而早在天命十年(1620_年)，她年仅十三岁的妹妹布木布泰(即孝庄文皇后)就已嫁给了皇太极。崇德元年(1636年)，皇太极册封五大福晋时，封为关雎宫宸妃，为四妃之首，仅次于姑母哲哲，位次比妹妹本布泰(庄妃)高出两个等级。。海兰珠的封号和她所居宫室的名称，充分表达了皇太极对海兰珠的由衷喜爱。宸妃深受皇太极宠爱，两人感情极深。崇德二年七月初八日(1637年8月27日)，宸妃生下皇太极第八子。皇太极为此大赦，这是立太子时才会有的举措。母子最受皇太极宠爱。但此子未命名，就于崇德三年正月廿八日(1638年3月13日)逝世，不满周岁。崇德六年，宸妃逝世。

皇太极亲临松山之战前线指挥作战期间，宸妃患病，得知此事的皇太极安排好一切急忙往回赶。可惜还未赶到时，噩耗已至。此后，皇太极虽百般体贴，多方抚慰，但本就时有微恙的宸妃，又遭受丧子之痛，始终难以恢复健康。从此这位身体一直健壮的皇帝忽而昏迷，忽而减食。崇德六年(1641年)以后，皇太极因身体不好，曾发布过大赦令，也减少了处理日常事务的负担，甚至做过祈祷。崇德八年(1643年)八月初九日，皇太极猝死于盛京后宫，年52岁。

皇太极和多尔衮(40秒)

爱新觉罗·多尔衮(1620_年11月17日—1650年12月31日)，清太祖努尔哈赤第十四子，皇太极的弟弟。

天命十一年(公元1620_年)努尔哈赤驾崩，皇室中争夺皇位的行动都在秘密进行，争夺最激烈的就是多尔衮与皇太极。先帝在位时，多尔衮的母亲阿巴亥深受其宠，她自然也有让多尔衮称帝的想法。但是在当时的情况下，无论从年龄与实力来讲，多尔衮与皇太极都相差甚远，后来阿巴亥被迫殉葬，多尔衮也受到了很大的打击。在这种情形下，多尔衮完全可以把皇太极当作最大的敌人，但是多尔衮清醒的认识到自己要想活命，以后为母亲伸冤以及自己有所作为，现在就必须委屈求全，尽心尽力辅佐皇太极，得到皇太极的信任。皇太极能在众皇子中脱颖而出，除了心狠手辣，自然也有过人的胆识和能力，在防备的同时，他也重用多尔衮，把他视为自己的左右手，也化解了多尔衮心中的一部分怨恨。(皇太极死后为了大清的团结和安定，多尔衮也没有和豪格正面争夺皇位，这都是和皇太极的心计分不开的。)

皇太极死后，此时的多尔衮已有众多的支持者，他也被皇室公认为最有才能的人。多尔衮做皇帝的美梦现在又死灰复燃，多尔衮为了摸清各大臣的态度，就去询问索尼对皇位继承的意见，不料索尼一点也不给多尔衮面子，直接说：“先帝有皇子在，必立其一。”多尔衮碰了一鼻子灰走了。

多尔衮不得不重新考虑是否争夺这个皇位。并且他还面临着一个强大的对手----豪格。豪格是皇太极的长子，凭借父亲的余荫加上多年来的南征北战，豪格也立下了赫赫战功，这些条件都是他继承皇位的极有利条件。多尔衮与豪格一直关系都不是很好，如果豪格做皇帝，多尔衮肯定不愿意，如果多尔衮做皇帝豪格也不会答应。两方互不相让，谁都没有绝对的优势压倒对方。对于谁主动用武力解决都是一步险棋。多尔衮看局面僵持不下，就提议让皇太极之子福临即位，这样一提连豪格也没有话说了，所以此时多尔衮也没有称帝。多尔衮在辅佐福临的时候，虽然以“周公”自居，但实际的做法和真正的周公都相差十万八千里。他重用宗室、擅权执政、暗箱操作等等都表明多尔衮的野心一直都在。

综上所述，我们不难看出两点：其一，多尔衮一直存在称帝的美梦，但是权衡利弊，而没有盲目行动。其二，多尔衮在称帝美梦破灭的情况下，才自封“周公”，寻找心理安慰罢了。我们这里仅对多尔衮在称帝方面的事进行探讨，中肯的说，多尔衮对大清的统一仍然起了不可磨灭的作用。

结束语(15秒)

我们今天的北陵之旅就到此结束，大家可以到公园内进行散步游玩，拍照留念，下午四点准时在公园门口集合哦!祝大家玩得开心，同时也要注意安全哦!

游客朋友们.大家好:

欢迎各位来河南观光游览!我叫.....是河南旅游集团的一名导游员,大家叫我小伟或者小耿就好,我代表我们河南旅游集团对大家的到来表示热烈的欢迎,在我身旁的是我们此次旅程的安全大使安师傅,安师傅具有多年的驾驶经验和娴熟的驾驶技能,我们的安全问题大家可以放心,在车上大家可以尽情欣赏沿途的风景,我们俩个都很荣幸也很乐意的为大家服务,在旅程之中,如果大家有什么意见或者是什么建议都可以给我们提出来,我们都会虚心的接受,尽心尽力给大家提供最好的服务，预祝各位河南旅游愉快，万事如意!

希望通过我的讲解能让南湾风景区给你留下深刻而美好的印象，俗话说“有缘千里来相会，百年修得同船渡”我们业可以是说是百年修得同车行吧!相聚就是一种缘分，我希望大家能够珍惜这份情谊，在相聚的时间里，相互关心，相互爱护，为这段旅程留下一段美好而难忘的回忆!

首先，请允许我为大家介绍一下河南的概况，河南省地处黄河中下游流域的中原腹地，简称“豫”，素有“中原”.“中州”之称，在16.7万平方公里的土地上生活着9800万的中原儿女，厚实的文化底蕴，神奇的古老土地，特殊的民族情结，优美的自然山水，使这里成为凝聚华夏文明的地方。古时，河南处于全国的政治.经济.文化中心地位长达3000余年，先是：九朝古都洛阳.七朝古都开封.殷商古都安阳和商都郑州。今日的河南改革步伐加快，以其特殊的战略地位，丰富的资源，四通八达的交通，灿烂的文化，快速发展的经济成为中国重要的省份之一，GDP连续多年保持全国第5名，中部首位，是我国第一大人口大省，第一农业大省，第一农产品转化大省，第一劳动力输出大省，俩句话：不到河南就不知道河南的过去，不到河南就不知道河南的现在!

中华之源，锦绣河南热切地欢迎你们的到来!

今天我们要参观的是洛阳龙门石窟风景区，洛阳是中国著名的历史名城，也是中国著名的九大古都之一，它像是一颗光辉灿烂的明珠闪烁在世界的东方，黄河是中华民族的摇篮，洛阳则是这个摇篮的中心，从商周到隋唐时期，洛阳曾是闻名世界的丝绸之路的东方起点，与欧洲、北非和西亚各国有着政治、经济、文化等方面的广泛交流。中国的传统文化儒、道、佛的产生和发展与洛阳密切相关，中国四大发明与洛阳息息相连，周易八卦在此发祥，老子在此著(道德经)，孔子问礼至此，有左思的(三都赋)曾使洛阳纸贵，班超出使西域，班固修改(汉书)。许慎作(说文解字)，蔡伦改进造纸术，张衡发明地动仪，北魏的孝文帝汉化改革，隋炀帝开凿大运河，司马光修改资治通鉴等等。洛阳因它居天下之中，易守难攻。所以，在中国几千年的历史长河中，众多的王朝先后在此建都，洛阳素以“九朝古都”闻名中外，所谓的九朝有两种含义：一是指众多的王朝，这一种说法不确切，在中国古代，讲究阴阳之说，单数为阳，九为至尊，它使虚数，泛指最大、最多的意思。二是指九个王朝，这种说法又不符合历史事实，究竟又多少个王朝建都洛阳呢?依据史实和专家考古的发现，认为有13个王朝在洛阳建都，但是又依据史料之记载，其实还有两个王朝在洛阳建都，一个是两汉，公元前220_年2月初三，刘邦在定陶称帝，史称两汉或者是前汉，刘邦称帝的当月，从定陶来到洛阳，在(资治通鉴)上有记载：“帝置酒洛阳南宫，评功论赏，文臣武将，皆大欢喜。”遂定都洛阳，五月间，齐人娄敬，路过洛阳，劝说刘邦迁都长安，另一个就是武国，武则天是中国历史上唯一的一位女皇帝，14岁入宫，立为才人，唐高宗李治即位后封为皇后，李治患高血压病后武后参政决事，群臣并称帝后为二圣，公元690年9月9日，武则天自立为帝，尊号圣神皇帝，改国号为周，将东都改为神都，武则天执政50年，居皇帝位20_年，以洛阳为都城，洛阳从中国第一个王朝夏朝算起，历时一千五百六十多年，是中国建都最早，历时时间最长，朝代最多的古都。

朋友们，欢迎您来九天洞参观游览。九天洞因有九个天窗与洞顶地面相通而得名。1987年由溶洞探险勇士王海然发现，1988年正式对游人开放，被列为省级风景名胜区，同年，经国际溶洞组织专家考察论证，认为九天洞规模庞大，景观独特，还有一批溶洞群没有开发，适合开展探险考察，因此正式接纳九天洞为国际溶洞探险基地，九天洞从此进入国际溶洞世界，身价倍增。经考察，发现洞内有古树化石和其它溶洞极少见的岩溶物质，不仅是难得的自然景观，而且有极高的科研价值。目前已经探明可供游览的面积有250公顷，号称“亚洲第一大洞”。洞分上、中、下三层，下层距洞口400多米，常年温度20-22摄氏度。洞内有5级螺旋式观景台，30多个大厅，有3条落差较大的阴河，12处瀑布，还有自生桥，千丘田等景观，钟乳石形态各异，千姿百态。

(迎客厅)我们所在的这个大厅，面积约有2500平方米，由天池、正厅、内厅组成，大厅平均高约30多米，正中距洞顶约100米。这边有一个60平方米的椭圆形水池，洞顶常年有水滴入池中，叮当有韵。请大家顺着我手指的方向看，厅中央有一根二、三米高的石柱，呈墨绿色，乍看如一棵松树，斑斑驳驳，正面望去却像一个穿兰紫色衣服的半身人像，头带纱巾，好像是颔首欢迎各位大驾光临。

(莲花厅)这里叫莲花厅。大家抬头往上看，洞顶部悬吊着一个淡红色的钟乳石，像一朵含苞待放的大莲花，花蕊中不断滴下晶莹的水珠，即便几个月不下雨，也从不间断;厅左有根高2米左右的钟乳石像慈眉善眼的观音菩萨，身后有几十10米左右石笋护卫;厅东南半圆形的池子有半掩半露、内红外黄的几枚溶石，缕缕血丝，清晰可辨，据科学分析，是溶石中含有铜元素所致。

(九天宝殿)这个大厅位于九天洞上层。大厅的东面有一根形似古代编钟的大钟乳石，高约30米，围径5-6米，它的周围长满晶莹透亮的乳白色小石柱，敲之嗡嗡作响。谁有兴趣的话，不妨用手轻轻敲打一下这根石柱，它发出的声音像不像古代编钟?不过千万不要用石头重击，这可是需要千万年才能形成的历史“文物”啊!大家再往这边瞧，大厅右边距这编钟乐柱不远的地方，有几根巨大的石柱一字排开，其中一根高40多米，围径32米的叫擎天柱，是洞内已发现的最大石柱。它后面的那根也有30多米高，棱角分明，直指洞顶，称为神童金鞭。大厅西南上方有一个垂直的天窗，一缕天光从洞顶泻下，极似舞台上从头射下的追光灯，人们都叫它天窗宝光。如果你运气好，在天然追光灯下照张翩翩起舞的像，那绝对是值得炫耀一辈子的艺术照。

(九天龙宫)这个大厅面积约700平方米，里面长满了五彩缤纷的石幔帷帐，给人以豪华富丽之感，故叫龙宫。大厅北端有9根不到一米的石柱，像文臣武将一样护卫着另一尊卓然而立的石像。龙宫左边石柱上，由于含硫的矿石岩浆每年渗渍形成9道鳞纹，盘绕四周，柱顶由碳酸钙溶液凝聚成龙头状，被称为九龙蟠柱。西南有两根长短不一的石柱，像巨人的中食指，擎举起洞顶巨大的青石板，称二指擎天，是洞内绝无仅有的景观。

(天界人间)请大家注意，这条人工修凿的石径，长达180多米，因为地势极其险要，故又叫华山一条道。环顾四周，景象万千，数不清的石笋，石幔，形成如天子山一样的地下峰林奇观，让人惊叹不已。此时此刻，大家是不是有站在九天云层，俯瞰人间大千世界的感觉呢?

(地下森林)大家看，前方那一大片钟乳石柱，有大有小，有粗有细，有的如丛丛灌木，有的如参天大树，疏密相间，参差不一，有人大胆设想，说那就是一片原始森林!不过，这是地下森林，比陆地上史前世纪遗下来的植物活化石珙桐、水杉、银杏还要古老数万年。

上世纪八十年代初，一批外国溶洞探险专家对这片地下生态“植被”予以高度评价：如此分布合理，造型奇特，令人震撼的“地下森林”，世界溶洞绝无仅有。

(百宝湖)这是岩溶形成的一个地下湖，东西长65米，南北宽24米，深1-4米。湖水清澈见底，两边的钟乳石倒映湖中，千姿百态。湖畔石壁旁那两根3人合抱、高20多米的石柱，外圆内空，轻轻敲打，锵然有声，如要请古琴演奏家精心调制一番，就可以举行湖上音乐会了。环湖两岸，有一丛丛的“银菇”和石花，如同天然盆景。百宝湖中还有一种叫“吸毛水球”的东西，为国内外溶洞所罕见。

(九天银河)朋友们，呈现在我们面前的景观，像不像一道瀑布?其实它是碳酸盐岩溶石浆形成的一道宽40米，高10米，银白色石瀑。雨季，洞口水滴不断，泻珠溅玉;旱季则银光耀目，令人晕眩，所以叫九天银河。

(天界古战场)这是一个面积约3500平方米的缓坡大厅，厅里有数百尊钟乳石，高高低低，横七竖八，如同西安出土的秦始皇兵马俑。诸位：看到这一派挥戈击剑，搏斗拼杀的战争场面，你是不是听到了那剑戟碰撞声和士兵们的呐喊声?

(玉宫)这个800多平方米的大厅，珍藏了数千计的石笋、石柱，因为这些钟乳石通体玲珑剔透，形态各异，传说是龙女、龙妃游乐的地方，故称为玉宫。你看这根钟乳石高30多米，直径只有15厘米，像一个身着盛装的白雪公主，纤纤玉体，婀娜多姿。

(水晶宫)这是九天洞里的又一处绝景，洞里遍布含有磷矿的方解石，在光照下莹光闪烁，耀人眼目。许多石笋、石竹、石幔、石花都呈雪白色，我们称它为“比萨斜塔”。塔下有池塘，水平如镜，中间墨绿色的石荷叶和绽开的石荷花交相映衬，让人想起“莲叶水上碧，荷花镜里香”的诗句来。

(玄女宫)这是洞里最大的一块千丘田，面积有5000多平方米，叫九天玄宫。你看，在这根30多米高的玉石帷幔后面，九天玄女头戴凤冠，怀抱婴儿，仪态端庄，慈眉善眼环顾众生。背后是一片银白色石幔，中间有一根非常纤细的石柱高约10米，一手可握，叫镇洞玉针。玄女下面靠左，在一对半椭圆形的石盆里装着粉红色的钟乳卵石，是供奉给玄女的仙桃寿果。石盆前面有石瀑，像悬挂着的梳妆镜，为玄女沐浴梳妆的地方。玄女宫融山、水、井、泉、石、瀑为一体，被中科院溶洞室主任张寿越教授誉为“滴石铸玄女，暗河镂九天”的天然画廊。

(秦皇宫)这里是一个地下水池，中间有一方直径10米左右的石台，矗立一座40多米高的钟乳石，它像一个老寿星，泰然自若端坐在那里，旁边簇拥着大小不一的钟乳石，像一群馋嘴的猴子，望着老寿星。对面石幔帷帐下，根根金线悬吊着的大小酒葫芦，令这些石猴垂涎欲滴，让人感到滑稽可笑。

朋友们，置身于这美仑美奂的地下迷宫里，大家可能要问：这溶洞景观是怎样形成的呢?

据专家们研究，溶洞的形成是水的化学作用和机械作用，石灰岩层理、节理和断层发育，便于水的浸入。在漫长的地质年代里，当含有二氧化碳气体的水(碳酸)浸入碳岩进行溶解后，碳酸钙随水流失而流下空洞。经若干万年的不断溶解逐渐扩大成洞穴。石灰岩层理平缓，节理众多，把岩石裂成网状。因此，沿层面产生的溶洞大而平;沿节理产生的溶洞纵横交错，巷道曲折。洞内众多的石笋、石柱、石钟乳，是由于重碳酸钙的地下水自洞顶裂缝渗出时，二氧化碳溢出，水分蒸发，重碳酸钙沉淀下来，附着石缝处而逐渐形成的。开始在洞顶出现一个小突起，以后加大逐渐向下延伸，久而久之形成了钟状或乳状的石钟乳，未能在洞顶沉淀成石钟乳而落于地面的重碳酸钙液就在地面沉淀积累，逐渐向上形成石笋。当石钟乳与对应位置的石笋相接时就变成了首尾相连的石柱。石钟乳或石笋内若存有空洞，或石灰岩被地下溶蚀成巧合的空洞时，就成为敲之有声，弹之成音的石鼓或石琴(如我们在洞里看到的“编钟”)。被地下水淹没的溶洞便了洞里的地下河。

Friends:

good afternoon. Now we come to the Bund by the Huangpu River in Shanghai.First of all, I would like to welcome you to visit the Bund and wish you apleasant trip.

There are five tourist routes in the new Bund. On your left hand side arethe magnificent buildings and spacious Zhongshan Road known as the "WorldArchitecture Expo". On your right hand side are the sparkling Huangpu River andPudong Lujia financial and trade zone with bright future. In front of you is anew and unique sightseeing area. The buildings, Zhongshan Road, sightseeingarea, Huangpu River and Lujiazui are like the staff in the music score, whilethe industrious Shanghai people are like strings of inter symbol, forming thelatest and most beautiful movement. Welcome to all the guests.

What about the Bund? To put it simply, it used to be a reed coveredwasteland outside the old city of Shanghai.

After the first war in 1840, the locked door was opened by the colonists,and Shanghai was forced to become a commercial port. Since then, all kinds ofwestern style buildings have sprung up with the colonists "seizing the beach".By the early 1930s, Shanghai had leapt from a coastal town to the largest cityin the Far East.

Although these buildings with European Renaissance style are not designedby the same designer or built in the same era, their architectural style is soharmonious and unified that it seems to be natural. From the the Bund road tothe outer white road bridge, the length of the arc is only 1.5 kilometers, androw upon row of 52 buildings of different styles, including English, French,ancient Greek, etc. At that time, many foreign banks, associations andconsulates gathered here, known as "Wall Street" in the East, forming ahistorical miniature of the semi colonial and semi feudal society in oldShanghai.

Please see, Dongfeng Hotel No.2 on the new Bund used to be a very famousBritish club. It is a typical British classical building. The building is 6stories high (including basement). There is a lookout Pavilion at the north andsouth ends of the roof. The interior decoration is very gorgeous. The firstfloor bar used to be proud of its 110.7-foot bar, which is the longest in theEast. Now KFC is located in the bar.

Before the new Bund 12, it was the famous "HSBC Bank". The building wasbuilt in 1923, which is an antique Greek style dome building. The building is arectangular building close to square, with five stories high and a halfspherical top layer. There are seven stories at the top of the building and asteel frame structure. The interior of the building is decorated with variousreception rooms in the United States, Britain, France, Russia and Japan. Thisbuilding was once regarded by the British as one of the most exquisite buildingsfrom the Suez Canal to the Bering Strait in the Far East.

The building next to HSBC is the Shanghai customs building, a 19th-centuryretro building, built in 1927, which is rare in the world today. The clock onthe top of the building can be seen all around. It plays a short tune every 15minutes. The sound of the bell is melodious and deep, with a sound of 10 Li.

After Wilson, the British designer, the HSBC building and the customsbuilding are affectionately called "sister buildings" in Shanghai, and they arestill one of the important symbols of Shanghai.

The two buildings at the entrance of Nanjing East Road are called peacehotel. The south facing building was built in 1906. It was called Huizhong hotelat that time. It is the earliest existing hotel in Shanghai. It can be used as ahistorical building, belonging to the Renaissance of British culture. Thebiggest feature of the building is that the facade is made of red brick withwaist line and white wall brick with veneer. From a distance, it looks solemnand elegant with unique style, which is a rare masterpiece.

These buildings on the Bund are the crystallization of the industriouswisdom of the Chinese working people, and also reflect the plunder and invasionof Shanghai by the western colonists. Nowadays, in order to let people know thehistory of these buildings, the Chinese and English nameplates are hung in frontof each building.

As for the Bund, the name given to her by Shanghai people has changed withthe passage of time. Shanghai people call the Bund before liberation the oldBund and after liberation the Bund. Now people praise it as the new Bund. Therehave been scenes of seizing the Bund many times in history, but each time has acompletely different historical significance. Since the Third Plenary Session ofthe Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the strategicfocus of Chinas reform and opening up has also changed from south to north. Thedevelopment and revitalization of Pudong has brought Shanghai to the forefrontof Chinas reform and opening up. The spring breeze has awakened Shanghai Bund,which has been sleeping for many years. Chinese and foreign financialinstitutions have also seized the Bund. Shanghai has made a major move to "cleanup the nest and attract Phoenix", replacing the houses on the Bund FinancialStreet, attracting "old customers" at home and abroad to settle down again,showing the style of "Wall Street" in the Far East again.

The Bund is a symbol of Shanghai and a must for Chinese and foreigntourists. But in the past, because of the narrow road and the crowded traffic,the overall image of the Bund was seriously affected. In order to change theappearance of the Bund, the Shanghai Peoples government takes the Bund as a keypoint to transform. The road in front of us is called Zhongshan Road. It isnamed in memory of Dr. Sun Yat Sen, the pioneer of Chinas democraticrevolution. It is also part of the comprehensive transformation of the Bund. Theroad is 826m long and 45m wide with 6 to 10 lanes. This wide traffic line is notonly limited to the Bund area, but also extends with the pace of reform andopening up. It starts from Jiangwan Wujiaochang in the north and ends at NanpuBridge in the south. By the beginning of the next century, the North-SouthCorridor will be 15 kilometers long and will become a landmark of Shanghaitourism.

The riverside road we are taking now is quite unique. It not onlyintegrates culture and greening, but also is a good place for people to practicewriting and martial arts in the morning, a place for tourists at home and abroadto visit in the daytime, and an ideal place for lovers to have a love talk inthe evening. It is said that many foreign friends have come to experiencelife.

Ladies and gentlemen, strolling in the new Bund Sightseeing Area, do youfeel that the new Bund not only has a new look, but also has a strong artisticatmosphere in the bustling city. Lets see: an artistic landscape with the themeof "for tomorrow" is set on the Bund of Yanan East Road, embracing with sixcolumns and combining with the meteorological signal station with a history ofmore than 80 years to form a group of scenery. The customs building and theelectronic waterfall clock are also quite new. The electronic waterfall clock isa ladder type, 27 meters long and 3.5 meters high, with 10 full steps. The wholeoperation process is controlled by computer. There are more than 1000 jets ofwater in various colors of Arabic numerals, which makes the world so far awayand so close to each other. The tourist area has become a scenic line ofShanghai style culture that can accommodate hundreds of rivers.

Walking on the Bund, we unconsciously entered Huangpu Park. When it comesto this park, every Chinese cant forget the sign that "Chinese and dogs are notallowed to enter" hung by foreign powers at the gate of the park in the past.The infamous sign brought great shame to the Chinese people at that time! Now,look at the 60 meter high Shanghai Peoples handsome monument standing in frontof the water. The majestic three pillar huanggangyan tower seems to tell peoplethat the people will always remember the heroes who sacrificed their lives forthe national humiliation and Shanghais revolutionary cause since the war, theMay 4th Movement and the liberation war.

Huangpu Park is facing the famous Huangpu River at home and abroad. "Theyellow water in Huanglongpu on the moon" vividly depicts the color of HuangpuRiver. Jiangpu river is the mother river of Shanghai. It originates from TaihuLake in Wuxi. It is the longest, widest and deepest river in Shanghai, with atotal length of 114 km, an average width of 400 m and a depth of 7-9 M. Itsoriginal name is Dongjiang, also known as chunshenjiang and huangxiejiang. It issaid that more than 20__ years ago, Shanghai belonged to the state of Chu. Atthat time, there was a great general named Huang Xie in the state of Chu. He wasvery talented in governing the country. He was appointed prime minister by theking of Chu and was granted the title of "fengshenjun" to govern the land ofShanghai. Due to the siltation of the upper reaches of Dongjiang River at thattime, he led the people of Shanghai to dredge and modify the waterway, whichgreatly developed Shanghais water transportation and agriculture. In order tocommemorate Huang Xies achievements, later generations changed the name ofDongjiang River to "chunshenjiang" and "huangxiepu", which was not officiallynamed "Huangpu River" until the Southern Song Dynasty.

Huangpu River has two "children", one is Pudong, the other is Puxi. Beforethe birth of new China, their family was oppressed by three mountains. Themother river was full of warships and merchant ships, and the "two children"were also overwhelmed. "Tiaohuangpu" is the catchphrase of Shanghai people. Itmeans that the common people who cant survive in the old society come here tothrow themselves into the river.

Overlooking the other bank, Pudong Lujiazui financial and trade zone andPuxi Bund are facing each other. Its functions are finance, trade and foreignservices. It will be the core and symbol of new Shanghai. "East Bund" BinjiangAvenue, with a total length of 2500 meters, integrates tourism, sightseeing andentertainment, along which there are six distinctive squares. Although I canonly smell the rumbling sound of piling, it is the most gorgeous movement on thestaff and predicts a better future for the Bund.

各位游客，现在巍然屹立在村口迎接我们的就是胡文光刺史坊了，原先这里依次排列有13座牌坊，大部分被拆毁。大家看，这个牌坊它通体用质地细腻的黟县青砌成的，雕琢精绝，为我国石牌坊之瑰宝。说到胡文光，他可是很有名的，明嘉靖时，他在担任江西万载知县期间造福于民为百姓所爱戴，升任胶州刺史，政绩卓著，至湖北荆王府长史，受四品朝列大夫，被誉为“荆藩首相”。明神宗皇帝恩准建造这座牌坊以弘扬他的政绩，流传后世。大家再看一下，这檐下斗拱上刻有32个圆形花盘饰纹，相当的精美吧，这象征着胡文光为官32年，也表达了他对皇恩浩荡的感激之情。

各位团友，咱们继续往前进，现在我们就站在了敬爱堂的门前了，它是清代重建的胡氏宗祠，一直是胡氏族人的议事之所，它是一座跨度为30米的砖木结构建筑，大家看一下，它下厅两根6米高的黑色大理石柱与上厅两根直径近2尺的银杏木柱相望对称，承托着规整的梁架，多么雄伟壮观!大家看到后厅的这个硕大的“孝”字吗?这是南宋理学家朱熹写的，咱们在仔细看一下这个“寿”字，是不是隐约能看到一个仰面拱手作揖、跪在地上孝敬长辈的俊俏后生，而他的后脑却像一个尖嘴猴头，这寓意：孝顺者为人，不孝者为畜，这充分体现了敬老尊老的中华美德。

我们现在走进的就是笃敬堂了，这里是大家胡积堂的一处居所，一进厅堂，首先映入眼前的是一幅遗像，画的就是胡积堂和他的三位夫人，大家猜一下这三位夫人哪位是大夫人哪位是二夫人哪位是三夫人?呵呵，一般人的思维都会觉得年老色衰者为大夫人，如果这样猜，那可就大错特错了，告诉大家吧，他的大夫人红颜薄命年纪轻轻就离世，所以容颜仍然俊美，因此，根据她们的排列顺序来判断，还是比较准确的，然后咱们再来看一下胡积堂的服饰，他头戴蓝宝石花翎，身着补服，一看就知道他是一位三品大员了，怎么看出来的呢?这要涉及到我国古代官衔着装及饰物的知识了，在古代，红宝石为一品、红珊瑚为二品、蓝宝石为三品，文官佩戴家禽图案，武官佩戴野兽图案，细看一下，胡积堂衣服上饰有家禽图案，因此我们说他是一位三品文官。笃敬堂最具特色的当数这两侧的楹联了“读书好营商好效好便好，创业难守业难知难不难”，联文将营商和读书相提并论，表达了徽商渴求提高自身地位的愿望。

好了，游客朋友们，我们又参观了迪吉堂、追慕堂和鸳鸯堂等景点，西递之游也就结束了，待会儿集合乘车用过午饭后，我们将前往宏村，同样是皖南的古村落，宏村又有哪些特别之处呢?宏村又被称为牛形村，牛头、牛胃、牛角、牛肚又是怎么样的呢?《卧虎藏龙》拍摄的蜻蜓点水之地又在哪里?下午就让我们去一探究竟吧!

各位旅客朋友们：

大家好!

聊城市地处北纬35°47’-37°02’和东经115°16’-116°32’之间，位于鲁西，临河南、河北，位于华东、华北、华中三大行政区交界处。总面积为8590平方公里，全市为黄河冲积平原，地势平坦，自西南向东北倾斜，平均坡降约1/7500，海拔高度27.5-49.0米，属于温带季风气候区，具有显著的季节变化和季风气候特征，属半干旱大陆性气候。

聊城，国家历史文化名城，中国优秀旅游城市。聊城地处中原腹地、山东省西部，临河南、河北，位于华东、华中、华北三大区域交界处。黄河与京杭大运河在此交汇。聊城是京九铁路与胶济铁路、胶济邯铁路、济郑高铁在山东省内的交汇点，横跨冀鲁豫三省的最大交通物流枢纽。聊城不仅可以辐射和带动鲁西经济发展，而且是与晋、豫、冀等省份经济技术文化交流的重要通道。聊城既可利用东部沿海的便利港口，还可利用中西部省份的丰富资源，是中国重要的交通枢纽、能源基地、内陆口岸和辐射冀鲁豫交界地区的中心城市，中原经济区东部的核心城市。

欢迎大家来到环境清幽的佛门圣地灵岩寺来游览。

灵岩寺所处的这座秀丽的山峦，名叫灵岩山，使泰山的十二支脉之一。海拔687.3米，大家请看灵岩山与其他有什么不同呢?唉，对了，他的顶既不是园的也不是尖的而是方的，因此它又叫方山。又像一方官印，因此又叫玉符山。灵岩寺是全国重点文物保护单位，具有“海内四大名刹之首”(天台国青寺，江陵玉泉寺，南京栖霞寺)的盛名。明代文学家王世贞曾说“灵岩是泰山背最幽绝处，游泰山而不至灵岩，不成游也。”现在就让我们去感受一下灵岩寺的风韵吧。

我们现在来到山门金刚殿，殿内塑有“哼哈二将”，专为把手大门守护寺院的安全，走过“聚美”小桥。现在我们看到的是“二门山”，他建于明代，又叫天王殿，殿内望有四大天王，建筑风格为单檐硬山顶，殿内有唐，宋，金，元，明，清碑碣十七块。记载了灵验的历史沿革及影响。(东边为钟楼，西边为鼓楼，因为“晨钟暮鼓”之说)。

朋友们现在我们就来到了大雄宝殿，原为宋代的献殿，明清重修。建筑风格前后是不一样的，前为外廊式卷棚顶，后为硬山顶。造型精巧玲珑显示我国古代劳动人民的艺术才能。现在殿内的石柱及柱础，还是宋代的遗物。上额的彩画边很生动逼真，充满生活气息。

现在我们面前的这座宏伟壮观的大殿就是千佛殿，它是灵岩寺中保存最完好，规模最宏大的主体建筑。(建筑风格为单檐殿顶，面阔七间，进深四间，给人的感觉是非常宏伟壮观的)。这座大殿是唐代高僧惠崇创建的，宋代扩修，(唐宋时为寺中主殿，成为大雄宝殿)，现在殿宇为明代的建筑，虽然自创建以历代重修，有些已非原物，但现在仍保存着唐宋的建筑风格。进到殿中，中置长方形须弥座座上有三尊大佛，中间为吡户遮那佛(藤胎)，东为药师佛(明成十三年)西为阿弥陀佛(明嘉靖二十二年)，大家也许都看到西殿上有许多高30厘米的铜铸和木雕小佛，“千佛殿”的名字也是由此而来的。

现在我们再来看一下大殿四周的四十尊罗汉泥塑，(据佛学文献记载，为众生造福。不知大家又没有看到千佛山的十八罗汉，千罗为花岗岩)，而灵罗为藤木所制，显得非常栩栩如气。他摆脱了佛教塑像的固定形式，每个塑像都以现实人物为基础，神情状貌非常生动，喜怒哀乐俱形于色，动态变化各有特征，堪称海内无双。看，老者手上的青筋;那个愤怒者脖子上的青筋，个个口目传情，没有一个相同的。罗汉身上用的是朱砂江，黄丹，雄黄，石绿，大青，天蓝，茄皮紫等矿物质颜料。因此虽然年代已久，但颜色还是那么逼真。(这些罗汉的塑造年代，史料记载不详)，根据资料分析，可能是宋代塑造的。这些罗汉对我们现在研究古代雕/塑，佛学有非常高的价值，是中国泥塑遗存的艺术瑰宝之一。清末学者梁启超为“灵岩泥望天下第一，有血有肉，活灵活现”。这正是对我国古代艺术才能的高度评价。

(御书阁是唐代主持慧崇和尚专门为存放皇帝赐御书而建造的，现存建筑为明代遗物。)

(除了千佛殿，您可以看到东山峰有一怪石，状如一个老僧，身披袈裟，手柱禅杖，而后面的柏树，活脱脱就是一对弟子，这块怪石就叫朗公石《神僧传》中记载，东晋时期高僧来此山说法，讲的“猛兽归伏，乱石点头”，朗公说“此山，灵边，为我净也;它时涅磐当埋于此”)

好，现在我们往西走，面前的这座塔为灵岩寺的最高建筑，辟支塔，是灵岩寺的重要标志。为什么叫辟支塔呢?辟支一词为佛教用语，是梵语“避支迦佛陀”简称为“避之佛”(避支塔建于唐天宝十二年，宋淳仪五年重建于嘉佑二年建成)历时63年，距今900多年。该塔高54米，为八角九级十二檐的楼阁式砖塔。塔基刻有阴曹地府，酷刑场面的浮雕。塔身为青砖砌筑。东西南北四面设门。塔檐自下至上逐层递减，一至四层为重檐，五至九层为单檐，收分得体，门窗古朴，显得古香古色，庄严肃穆。塔顶是铁制塔刹。有复钵，相轮，园光，仰月，宝珠组成。另外还有八根铁链分别由救济塔檐的八尊金刚拽引加固如果大家登上九级塔檐，可以尽览灵岩风光。

好的辟支塔参观到这里，我们接着向西走，我们来到了灵岩寺的另一重要景点“墓塔林”，这里面有唐宋至明代灵岩寺住持僧人的墓塔167座，墓碑81块，其数量仅次于河南登封少林寺，居全国第二，它与少林寺的塔又不同，少林寺属于砖塔，灵岩寺属于石塔，年代不一造型各异。有的高达数十尺，有的才尺许，底部都是带有浮雕。在这些塔中，最早的就是这幢慧崇塔了，是唐代灵岩寺创建间慧崇的墓塔，(惠崇是灵岩寺贞观年间的和尚，生前在灵岩勤于佛事，对灵岩寺做出了极大贡献，它活了100多岁。)是重檐单层方石塔，全部石砌，通高5.30米，宽3.74米，上面雕有狮头，飞天，武士等图案。南面辟半圆拱门，内为方形室。东西门均为饰门，是半掩式假门，雕有乐伎，舞伎等图案，保留六朝，隋代的艺术风格。塔顶以露盘，仰莲，宝珠组成塔刹，这座塔是研究我国古代绘画，雕刻艺术的珍贵字资料。

阳台宫位于市城区西北30公里王屋山华盖峰南麓。因地处阳台而得名。唐开元十五年(公元720_年)，玄宗李隆基命道士司马承桢于王屋山自选形胜，创建道院。开元廿三年(公元735年)道院落成。有五楼三阁，取名阳台观。玄宗亲书“寥阳宫”匾额，并令其妹玉真公主进山拜师学道，朝野震动，道风顿盛。后晋为燕真人烟萝子栖真之所。金贞元二年(公元1154年)改观曰宫，称“阳台万寿宫”。金贞二年(公元1220_年)遭兵燹而毁。金正大四年(公元1220_年)重建。元至元六年(公元1340年)重修玉皇阁。历元、明、清、民国多次修葺。

阳台宫为王屋山道教道教“三宫”之一，依山阳，布局严谨，高低错落有致，为三进院落。三清大殿居前，玉皇阁座后，旁列廊庑，西有道院，占地6165平方米。三清大殿(亦称大罗三镜殿)面阔五间，进深四间，系单檐歇山九脊殿，五踩斗拱，为河南省现存规模最大的明代木结构建筑，保留有唐、宋遗制和风貌。殿中方形柱通身浮雕道教神话故事，形象优美，栩栩如生。殿内天花藻井，斗拱层叠，气势宏阔，制作精巧，皆为明代艺术珍品。殿后五米高台上的三檐三层琉璃玉皇阁，为河南省最高大的古阁，高近20米，五踩云龙斗拱参差层叠，云带缠绕，规模宏伟。底台上的20根小八角石柱和阁内8根高达11米的冲天柱，承载着全阁重量，为明代遗物。石柱通身浮雕云龙丹凤、花鸟禽兽及神仙人物故事，体现了明代精湛的艺术风格。宫内有元、明、清碑碣十数通，记载着道教史料、宫之兴衰及明末农民起义军经由此地的资料。

欢迎大家来到这!我是你们的导游，我姓x，大家可以叫我小x。为了便于大家参观游玩，下面我首先大家介绍一下。

神龙洞坐南朝北，下宽上窄，呈现出独特的“楼层式”风格。且每一层楼内，岩溶景观、类型、规模各异。主要是石钟乳、石柱、石碗、石花、帷幔式泉华。大者可达数十米，十几人合围，小者以厘米计算，千姿百态。洞内有清洌水潭数处，似泉若渊，又如涓涓细流于石隙。

洞顶石乳似百花、若彩旗、象锦带、如飞龙，身临其境，十分壮观。如龙宫宝塔、定海神针、擎天巨柱、玉帝点将，簇簇玉石竹笋，拔地而起，犹如列峰排空，巍峨雄奇，

仪态万千，玲珑剔透。洞外奇岩夹径，山石嶙峋，古木森森，奇花异葩，藤蔓遍布，别有情趣。循径登高，古树参天，老树交柯，疏影遮日，具有山峻、水碧、花艳、蕴秀、洞奇之美。

不管游客何时登临，都令人玩之不尽，妙趣无穷。神龙洞景区的主要景点有黄龙挂须、神笔海砚、定海神针、龙女浴池、聚宝佛、龙宫编钟、宫主百褶裙、神龙盘踞等。更为奇特的是，20_ 年景区工作人员在玉女池发现了一条长 1.2 米，重 8.5 公斤的娃娃鱼(大鲵)，这是迄今为止全国发现最大的野生娃娃鱼。

神龙洞风景区位于湖北省宜兴市兴山县的昭君故里与神农架原始林区、距三峡大坝址110公里，是国家级探险旅游线路宜昌---兴山---神农架自然保护区---巴东神农溪旅游区的蹭腹地，209国道、香溪河穿景区而过，交通十分便利。景区内气候、土壤、植被等都具有南北过渡的特征，被植物学家誉为“天然林木园”。特别是珙桐、紫茎、兴山榆等珍稀树种均有分布。境内的金丝猴、大鲵、林麝、西南熊、红腹锦鸡等为国家级一、二类保护野生动物。

神龙洞风景区景观宏伟，洞内景观神奇逼真。独特的“楼层式”风格，冬暖夏凉，岩壁光洁如玉;景物栩栩如生，清冽水潭数处，似泉若渊，泉水沿石乳滴落而形成的龙宫宝塔，定海神针、龙宫瀑布、群猴拜佛、关公神像、千年灵芝、喜鹊相会、

九天胜景、簇簇玉石、竹笋拔地而起，巍峨雄奇，仪态万千，玲珑剔透令人感慨万千美不胜收。神龙洞风景区是神农架原始森林内精品景区之一，远古时期，神农架地区还是一片大海大海，是燕山和喜马拉雅造山运动将其抬升为多级陆地，成为大巴山东延的余脉。景区内呈现着远古大海的盛貌，石壁上美丽的珊瑚石是大海残留的遗迹。

举目纵观，溶洞座依峭壁，循梯而上，可直入洞口。外洞空旷，横高数丈，嶙峋怪石，宛若殿堂。古人于此造庙，以“龙神”祀之，龙神洞因此得名。

现在我将要带大家去一个美女睡觉的地方了。知道是哪里么呵呵。。。正是那个滇池旁边的一棵明珠——西山。

西山森林公园位于昆明市西郊15公里，由华亭山、太华山、罗汉山等组成。西山森林公园峰峦连绵40多公里，昆明西山森林公园海拔1900米至2350米之间。相传古时有凤凰停歇，见者不识，呼为碧鸡，故也称碧鸡山。又因形状像卧佛，也叫卧佛山。

昆明西山森林茂密，花草繁盛，清幽秀美，景致极佳，在古代就有“滇中第一佳境”之誉。从昆明城东南一隅眺望，西山宛如一位美女卧在滇池两岸。她的头、胸、腹、腿部历历在目，青丝飘洒在昆明滇池的波光浪影之中，显得丰姿绰约，妩媚动人，所以又叫睡美人。民间传说，远古时候的一位公主耐不住宫中的寂寞，偷偷出了王宫与一小伙结为夫妇。后来，国王拆散了这一美满姻缘，并用计将小伙子害死。公主悲痛欲绝，痛哭不止，泪水汇作了昆明滇池，她也仰面倒下化作了西山。昆明西山现已辟为一座森林公园，景点较多。每年阳春三月，昆明人有“三月三，耍西山”的习俗，届时昆明各士民云集聚会，唱山歌，对小调，耍龙舞狮，野餐赏景，热闹非凡。大家一定不要错过啊!

南洋华侨机工抗日纪念碑位于昆明西山森林公园太华寺以南约一公里的公路上方，1989年7月7日落成。碑高9米，大理石贴面，底座刻有“赤子功勋”四个大字，碑顶有一个当年的南洋华侨机工荣誉纪念章图案。巍巍丰碑矗立在苍松翠柏之中。

1937年抗日战争爆发后，旅居新加坡、马来西亚等国的3200多名华侨机工响应侨领陈嘉庚的号召，分批回国参加抢修滇缅路，运送国际上支援中国的抗战物资，共有1000余人殉国，为抗战胜利做出了杰出的贡献。为了让子孙后代永远缅怀和牢记爱国华侨的这一段光荣历史，中共云南省委、云南省人民政府集资修建了这个纪念碑。

大家好，我们又见面了，上一次我带你们去的是邙山，这一次我带你们去的是黄山，准备好了么，现在出发吧。

黄山最引人注目的就是奇松和怪石。要是看黄山的云海，印象最深的就是它的洁白。登上莲花峰，第一次看的时候还以为从天空中飘来的云彩，到举目四望时，山腰间一团团，一簇簇的云海，慢慢的升了起来，与四周崇山峻岭的，奇松和怪石合为一体，要是让你游览了绝对回味无穷。

黄山云海为什么会如此洁白呢?有这个原因。是;黄山有非常干净的空气，154平方公里的景区，竹林，树木郁郁葱葱，漫山遍野，整个景区生态的环境都很好。

黄山云海在积善变化，在不同的地方会有不一样的感觉，站在海拔1620米的“排云亭”上看云，云海就似冬天浴室里的水蒸气。微风吹来时，雾就渐渐的移动，从山洞飘向山腰，缓缓地绿树又看不见了，怪石也变得模模糊糊了。

登上“行知亭”边上的“飞来石”往下看云海，那云海就是浓浓的雾一般的感觉。而站在1860米高的“光明顶”看云海，那更叫人捉摸不透了。

这次的黄山旅游还高兴么?下次见!

西华公园(又名三元洞)，位于文山县城开化镇西面3公里的西华山上。据说，这一游览胜地，是清朝同治初年由一姓潘的和尚发起，由许多能工巧匠自动参加开辟的。到了光绪年间，又开始建造亭台楼阁，以后经过多次加工，增设了石级、凉亭，添置了奇花异树，称为“三元洞”，这是象征科举时代的“连中三元”。三元洞地势十分险要，气势磅礴，景色秀丽，洞内宽敞，空气自然流通，洞外亭台楼阁，层层叠起，雕梁画栋，五光十色，多姿多彩。于洞口凭栏远眺，遥见山川平畴，盘河如带，可以把群山环抱的文山坝子及坝子上的田园、村落尽收眼底。洞周围树林茂密，气候清凉，是避暑和游览的胜地。

西华公园始建于康熙初年，名西山寺。公园依山而上，山势巍峨峻秀，宕壁陡垂险要，岩洞宽敞如厅、幽然相通。山林碧绿苍翠，山花如霞，楼间雕梁画栋，匾额知鳞。亭台玲珑别致。雅静宜人。乳石晶莹剔透，色彩斑斓，石阶层层叠叠，犹如天梯，池水清澈明亮，静影沉壁。石雕栩栩如生，形象逼真，凭栏远眺。全城尽收眼底。令人心旷神怡。历代文人墨客誉之为“文山大观”。景点分别有险峰、翠峰、伴月、玉升、半山诸亭。稍息宫、静雅轩、聚群堂、曲桥池，七叠岩萦列上下，大型石雕“九龙汇”兀立其中。木兰芬芳。柳影婆婆，紫微争艳，秋桂成林，多姿多色，各成一景。

尊敬的各位领导(朋友)：

大家好!

春有百花秋有月，夏有凉风冬有雪。四季美景巧变幻，赛罕风光说不绝。

首先请允许我代表_旅行社以及淳朴好客的塞罕坝人欢迎您来塞罕坝休闲度假。我是本次塞罕坝之旅的导游员_，这位是我们的司机_师傅，在接下来的两天里我和_师傅将尽最大的努力竭诚为您提供周到、细致的服务。希望您在塞罕坝能够度过一个轻松、愉快的假期，预祝我们合作愉快。

围场自古以来就是一处水草丰沛，禽兽繁集的天然名苑，历史上“千里松林”曾是辽帝狩猎之地，木兰围场又是清代的皇家猎苑;这里“群山分干，众壑朝宗”。坝下山地沟谷纵横，林木葱郁，绵延数百里;坝上草原漫岗迂回，湖泊星罗，河流蜿蜒，绿草如茵，鲜花如潮。

围场以其风景优美，气候宜人，山川形胜甲于紫塞载入史册，自古以来就是一块水草丰沛，禽兽繁集的天然名苑。康熙二十年(1681年)，康熙皇帝第二次来围场，看中这块“万里山河远，九边行胜抱神京”的境地，为“肄武绥藩”，以“喀喇沁、敖汉、翁牛特诸旗敬献牧场”的名义划定了面积14000多平方公里的木兰围场，根据地形和禽兽分布划分了72围，岁岁秋季到这里举行围猎，史称木兰秋狝，并定为家法。从康熙二十年到嘉庆二十五年的140多年里，康熙、乾隆、嘉庆来围场举行木兰秋狝105次。

康熙曾写下《赋得帐殿郁崔嵬》来描述当时的壮观场面

茂林叶未黄，宾雁使成行。后对分山出，前竟越岭扬。

鹿鸣秋草盛，人喜菊花香。日暮帷宫近，风高暑气藏。

“木兰秋狝”是什么意思呢?木兰，既非花名，而且与花木兰无关。清代初期，围场多鹿，中秋节前后，鹿求偶交配，猎人头戴鹿角，身披鹿皮，吹起木制的笛哨，模仿鹿求偶的声音，诱鹿捕杀，满语称之为木兰辉罕，也就是哨鹿的意思(满人的狩猎方式)。秋狝，是指秋季围猎。对于满蒙等游猎民族来说，野生动物是他们日常生活和种族繁衍的基础和保障，保护动物就是保护自己，因此他们根据动物的生存规律来调整自己的狩猎方式，形成了春搜、夏苗、秋狝、冬狩的传统。就是说春天打猎不能打怀孕的母兽，夏天打猎要放过幼兽，秋冬季节就可以放手捕杀了。“秋狝”是指秋季打猎。只有这样才能不破坏生态平衡，保障自然的可持续发展。

木兰秋狝具有重要的政治意义和军事意义。当时，国内并不十分安定，云南省有吴三桂叛乱，西北有准噶尔部的分裂活动，国外还有沙俄的侵扰。而当时清军斗志衰退，在平定“三藩之乱”中，清军贪生怕死，1人负伤，几十人护送，甚至有人自残身体以求自保。康熙看到昔日英勇善战的八旗将士，如今弓马废驰，军无斗志，如此下去，大清江山难保。他总结教训，认为只有加强武备，恢复军队的战斗力，才是立国之本。因此，在平定“三藩之乱”的当年就设立木兰围场，做为既能巩固后方，又可加强武备的一项重要策略。清代皇帝通过秋狝锻炼八旗劲旅，提高了军队的战斗力;用随围射猎，奖功罚过等手段团结新疆、西藏、青海、蒙古等王公大臣，并举行了多伦诺尔的“七溪会盟”，接见万里归来的渥巴锡;进行了乌兰布通之战，击溃了噶尔丹的叛乱，粉碎了其分裂中国的阴谋。康熙曾在“七溪会盟”取得成功时对大臣们说：“昔日秦兴土石之工，修筑长城，我朝施恩于喀尔喀，使之防备朔方，较之长城更为巩固。”木兰秋狝达到了“肄武绥藩”，巩固民族团结的目的，为“康乾盛世”的形成和发展发挥了重要的作用。

“绥藩”是清朝为团结少数民族，抵御沙俄的侵扰及分裂活动的一项战略方针。用现代的话说，就是统一战线。

清帝在140多年的“木兰秋狝”中曾用随围射猎，奖功罚过等手段团结新疆、西藏、青海、蒙古等王公大臣，并举行了多伦诺尔的“七溪会阅”，接见万里归来的渥巴锡。进行了乌兰布通之战，击溃了噶尔丹的叛乱，粉碎了其分裂中国的阴谋。可以说，康熙、乾隆等皇帝在人们心目中筑起了“团结统一”的长城。康熙曾在“七溪会阅”取得成功时对大臣们说：“昔日秦兴土石之功，修筑长城，我朝施恩于喀尔喀，使之防备朔方，较之长城更巩固。”