昆明导游词英文介绍精品20篇

各位游客大家好!欢迎来到江苏扬州5A级风景区——瘦西湖， “天下西湖，三十有六”，唯扬州的西湖，以其清秀婉丽的风姿，占得一个恰如其分的“瘦”字。接下来，我们要去参观游览的，是位于瘦西湖小金山脚下，一处飘逸着翰墨气韵的园中园。它是由琴棋书画四间房子组成的院落。那么，它是如何用一组建筑来体现出文人喜欢的琴棋书画呢?下面，我们就一起走进这座安静古朴的院落看看吧~

走进小院第一个看见的就是门墙上写着“琴室”二字的屋子，它坐北朝南，临水而建，屋前水岸小路弯弯，杨柳依依，若静坐琴室，临水弹琴，便可感受到寄情音乐，超凡脱俗，天人合一的境界。

过了琴室，抬头便有“静观”二字，为什么要静呢?原来这里到了木樨书屋，是文人读书的地方，一个“静”字便道出了书房特有的神韵。

书房门外沿墙栽种了一片丹桂，每当金秋时节，浓香四溢。闻桂花香，读万卷书，立蟾宫折桂、金榜题名之志气。

书屋周围虽狭小。但方寸之地也能包含艺术家独特的审美情调。大家请看，进门处是我们所看到最为开阔的空间，而越向东行地域越狭窄，它先放再收，看不到尽头，让人忍不住探个究竟，这便是“庭院深深深几许”的意境了。园中花墙的设计也是匠心独运，它随势弯环，处理成折叠状，象屏风一样渐渐拉开，隔开了园外的喧嚣，过滤了红尘的浮躁，显得更为静谧。令人忍不住感叹“人闲桂花落，鸟鸣园更幽”。

沿着花墙延伸的方向我们便来到了棋室，室外寒梅一株，老干虬枝。室内有两方用金砖做的棋盘，上面刻有乾隆年间江南苏州府造。这是棋室整修的时候，在墙壁上发现的。据说，当年建造时，砖石不够，聪明的工匠便把这些棋盘镶嵌在墙内。用棋盘来砌棋室，这可真是名符“棋室”啊。 大家来想象一下这样的场景：点一炉妙香，沏一壶清茶，两人对奕，纵横捭阖，宾朋围观，运筹帷幄，也是文人的一种养成~……

棋室以东便是小院中最为独特的画室——月观。月观虽为画室，却没有悬挂一幅名画，仅有月观二字。原来它将琴室、棋室、书屋明提，而将画室暗点，请看此处，月观坐西朝东，临水而建，每当皓月东升，打开临湖的门，推开四面的窗，天上水中，素月交辉，月光泄地，彩云追月，天空中重叠的云彩倒映在水面，仿佛漫天的山峦尽收眼底，这真是国画天然，天然国画。正如堂前郑板桥所题写的这副楹联“月来满地水，云起一天山”。 他用了日常生活中最常用的十个字，构成了一副千古绝对:瘦西湖水虽然有限，但月色溶溶，就显得无际无涯;小金山虽微不足道，但云起山涌，便与天相连绵。这样一来，将小景放大，实景虚化，将有限的园林化为无限的诗境。

这便是，月观好，水色月无边，琴棋书画养心志，梅花木樨香满天，何必做神仙!

快覩门，取先睹为快之意。就是说圣人孔子的学问“五经四书”，谁先学谁先有文化，谁先学谁先有知识，争相学习，以先见到先读为快乐。

仰高门。根据颜回赞扬圣人孔子的一段话命名的。颜回说，夫子之道，仰之弥高，钻之弥坚。赞圣人孔子学问向上看不到顶，叫“弥高”，学起来文言文很难懂，叫“弥坚”，高不是高不可攀，经过努力是完全可以学到的。颜回说“夫子循循然，善诱人，博我以文，说我以礼。”俺老师循循善诱，教我以文化，施我以礼节。

汉石人。仰高门里亭子里有两位历史价值很高的汉石人，一位是“亭长”，(汉代地方小官)，一位府门之卒，都是鲁王墓前守卫的。石人被历代金石学家所重视，对研究汉代服装和文字有重要价值。

孔府是衙宅合一，园宅结合的范例

孔庙的东侧是孔府，是圣人孔子嫡长孙世袭的府第。始建于宋代，经历代不断扩建，形成现在的规模。占地200余亩，有房舍480余间。官衙和住宅建在一起，是一座典型的封建贵族庄园，衙署大堂用于接受皇帝颁发的圣旨，或处理家族内事务。孔府后院有一座花园，幽雅清新，布局别具匠心，可称园林佳作，也是园宅结合的范例。孔府藏有大量的历史档案、传世文物，历代服饰和用具等，都及其珍贵。

孔林是延续年代最久、保存最完整的家族墓地

孔林又称至圣林，在曲阜城北门外，占地3000亩，周围砖砌林墙长达14里，是圣人孔子和他的后代子孙们的家族墓地。孔林内柏桧夹道，进入孔林要经过1200米的墓道，然后穿过石牌坊、石桥、甬道、到达圣人孔子墓前。圣人孔子的坟墓封土高6米，墓东是圣人孔子之子孔鲤和他的孙子孔伋的坟墓。在孔林中，有的墓前还存有石雕的华表、石人、石兽。这些都是依照墓中人当时被封爵位的品级设置的，整个孔林延用2500年，内有坟冢十余万座。其延续时间之久，模葬之多，保存之完好，举世罕见。

Kunming xishan called blue mountain chicken. For brigitte Nao mountain,huating mountain, mt huashan, the floorboard of the Luo Hanshan. West mountainis located in the western suburbs of kunming, dianchi lake west bank, 15 km awayfrom downtown, lie between the dianchi and golden horse mountain, is relative.North green chicken guan, south to haikou, 35 kilometers. Peak Luo Hanfeng, 2,511 meters above sea level. Rolling hills, red is like sleeping Buddha, so alsocalled lie in foshan. On the other side of the water just like the dianchi lakeshore - rich woman lay, of "sleeping beauty mountain" good name. Sanqingpavilion on longmen grottoes. The first scene in kunming area. First see thename of xishan and tomorrow shun six years (in 1462), he gives the Minneapolismountain, the great garden temple imperial tablet "county of yunnan provincekunming xishan sea".

Xishan dense woods, flowers and plants flourish, beautiful beautiful,scenic, in ancient times has the reputation of "the first state in the yunnan".From a look to the southeast of kunming, xishan just like a beautiful womanlying in dianchi lake on both sides. Her head, chest, abdomen, legs, hair floatsin dianchi lake sparkling waves of shadow, appear outline and graceful,enchanting and moving, so also called sleeping beauty.

Folklore, ancient when a princess to bear palace lonely, sneak out of thepalace with a small group of married couples. Later, breaking up a happymarriage, the king and to the young man to death. Princess grieving, and wept,tears remit the dianchi lake, she also fall on his back into the western hills.Xishan are bi is a forest park, attractions. Every year in March, kunming peoplehave the custom of "march third, play xishan", when the four sergeants gatheredparty, sing folk songs, to minor, play the dragon lion dance, the piic toadmire the view, very busy.

Hello, tourist friends, Im your tour guide. My name is Lin, shuangmulin.You can call me Xiao Lin or director Lin. I hope I can have a happy day withyou.

Chengde summer resort is located in the north of Chengde city. It is thelargest existing classical Royal Garden in China and a symbol of the flourishingage of the Qing Dynasty. During the construction of this villa, the style ofChinese north and south gardens was integrated to make the summer resort asummary of Chinese classical garden art.

We are now in Dehui gate of Chengde summer resort. Along this road, we willarrive at the famous Shuixin Pavilion. Shuixin Pavilion is a three Ying doubleeaves pavilion with stone bridge on the lake as the bottom. The three pavilionsare two small and one large. Walking up the stone bridge, you can see beautifulmurals on the wooden frame at the top of the three pavilions. You can also seeLuohan mountain and sengguan peak in the distance. During the reign of EmperorKangxi, parties were often held here on the 15th day of July. There were somepavilions and pavilions nearby. You can enjoy them freely.

Next, we go north to the island called "Moonlight River sound", which is anoval island. The architectural layout of the island adopts the northerncourtyard style, and the halls are connected by corridors. It seems that thepillars outside the gate and hall are inclined, but actually they are firm. Thisis one of the three unique features of the villa architecture. It is said thatthis design was inspired by Kangxi, implying that "the upper beam is not rightand the lower beam is crooked" to warn the officials. You can go to the islandto play, take photos and pay attention to safety. We will gather here in 40minutes.

Well, all the friends are here. Lets continue to play. Now the scenic spotwe are going to is Lengxiang Pavilion. Some poets use "Pavilion pillow lotuspond to play with water fragrance. Its very cool with flowers." To describelengxiangting. Sitting in the pavilion, you can enjoy the fragrance of lotus andthe water color.

Because time is limited, todays visit has come to an end. I hope you willhave a chance to come to Chengde. Ill accompany you to enjoy it. See you nexttime!

各位游客朋友：

欢迎来到人间仙境张家界，这儿是中国山水画的画卷，体验一番浓郁的湘西文化和优美的自然风光，短暂的旅游，会让您有意想不到的收获。一方水土一方人，长生不老在外界看来很神奇，在张家界人看来小菜一碟，因为张家界人有三千奇峰八百秀水当后盾。这儿浓荫蔽绿，山花烂漫，珍禽走兽，奇珍异果，森林覆盖率高达98%。

人生不到张家界，百岁岂能称老翁?不到张家界，枉到世上走一圈，来了张家界就是仙，给个皇帝都不换，要不张家界怎会有“令居者忘老，寓之者望归，游之者望倦”的盛誉。咱今天就去龙王的皇宫住宅---黄龙洞当当神仙体验一番。接下来大家马上要到烟雨张家界醉美黄龙洞景区了。黄龙洞有三个景区，烟雨张家界哈利路亚音乐厅、生态农家乐广场和黄龙洞三大块组成，这三块不可或缺，可以说各有千秋，都不容错过，毕竟世上没有卖后悔药的。

见过这洞那洞，没看过黄龙洞别说见过洞，大家都清楚黄龙洞是国际著名旅游洞穴，是世界遗产和世界地质公园，世界溶洞冠军和中国最美旅游溶洞，是国家AAAAA景区，是张家界武陵源景区的精华区，令人惊奇的是它与袁家界、天子山、黄石寨等世界罕见的石英砂岩张家界地貌格格不入，它属于典型的喀斯特岩溶地貌，真应了那句一母生百般也有貔子也有獾的老话，有人说上苍偏爱张家界，把最好的一面留给了张家界，黄龙洞就藏在其貌不凡的尖耳山下，谁会想到山下有那么神奇的洞穴呢，正所谓真人不露相，这更让我们响起了陶渊明笔下桃花源记中“不足为外人道耶”的那份神秘。

“规模最大 内容最全 景色最美”的黄龙洞深不可测，它浑然天成，天造地设，令全世界为之叹服，

说起黄龙洞的由来，大约3.8亿年前，黄龙洞地区还是一片汪洋大海，沉积了可溶性强的石灰岩和白云岩地层，经过漫长年代开始孕育洞穴，直到6500万年前地壳抬升，出现了干溶洞，然后经岩溶和水流作用，便形成了今天这样的地下奇观。 黄龙洞是武陵源风景名胜区的王牌景点，再好的语言在它面前都逊色，它是上苍留给凡间的地下璀璨明珠，里面洞中有洞，山外有山，楼外有楼，天外有天，现在探明洞底总面积为10万平方米，全长7.5公里，垂直高度140米，有1库、2河、3潭、4瀑、13大厅、98廊，以及几十座山峰，共分四层，洞内石柱石笋石帘、石幔、石花、不计其数美不胜收，自1983年，黄龙洞经当地8个青年民兵发现。1984年10月1日正式向社会开放，里面有龙舞厅、响水河、天仙瀑、天柱街、龙宫等6大游览区，定海神针、万年雪松、龙王宝座、火箭升空、花果山、沧海桑田、黄土高坡等100多个景点，最大的厅堂有12000平方米，可容纳万人。真可谓是洞中乾坤大，地下有洞天。自开放至今已接待中外游客1200万人次。最令人惊奇的是黄龙洞洞洞有千秋，形成了洞中有奇观，洞中有阴河环环相扣的绝妙景象，不仅能让各位体会到钻天入地的感觉，还让各位找到登天的密门，要紧的能跟龙王、美猴王等来个亲密接触，这关键那关键不要错过了那价值连城的定海神针最关键，为何这么说，到了黄龙洞，定海神针连齐天大圣孙悟空都奈它不得，想扛走又扛不走，只能眼巴巴看着，把孙大圣急的天天抓耳挠腮，不信大伙过会儿到了花果山就清楚了，自然要想体验真龙天子的神气就要赶紧准备好了，瞪大眼睛，张开大嘴，发动大脑，好好惊叹吧。

游客朋友们，踏上拱桥就算到了黄龙洞的家门口，这座拱桥让我们领略了湘西少数民族的智慧，谁又清楚桥下索溪的水从哪儿来吗?

人常说俩山碰不成块，可水流却源远流长，这条索溪就是从金鞭溪到黄龙洞走亲戚来了，看来溪水跟人一样也很重感情，为了走亲戚，一路上弯弯曲曲如一条长龙一样，就跟一条绳索一样，所以人们形象的称其为索溪。

说到这儿，游客或许说了，天啊，想不到索溪还很重感情的，那个中缘由天知道，说到天知道，阿妹(阿哥)马上要带大家见识不一样的“天书”，说它天书一点也不夸张，它可是轰动全球啊，自然天书难懂，非凡人能理解的，今天咱到了黄龙洞可都是仙了，自然也就能看懂天书的玄机了。

说到天书大家知道出在哪儿吗?世界上最大的天书又在哪儿?游客朋友们，看远在天边，近在眼前，不同的视觉，不同的感受，看，大家眼前的哈利路亚演播厅顶部如一本打开的天书宝典，要知道这宝典的纸张多大吗，猜猜看?

它可是全世界之最，光面积就达3000多平方米，可够哈的，它建在单体斜坡上，外墙则如一架钢琴上的音符，好比就是一架天琴，上面全以绿色花草做衣裳，看来这个音乐厅够哈的，的确如此，说到哈，在全球来说没有比它再哈的了，光造价就达1.6亿元，座位才仅仅800个，摊到每个座位造价就达20万元，这价格够雷人的吧，到了这儿如果不进去坐坐，就跟不到黄石寨枉到张家界一样，这个哈够便宜的，一顿饭钱还不够，区区几百元就让我们找到了当神仙赛皇帝的感觉，真的，它里面有21块活动的LED显示屏，一个现实版的阿凡达就在眼前，它以移动LED显示屏数量最多震惊全世界，要不它怎会揽得“大世界基尼斯纪录”。其实不光如此，它为我们埋下了一个更大的伏笔， 尖耳山下本身就是一本揭不开的天书，里面的景观天造地设，令人无法想象。

今天的建筑，明天的古迹，要说黄龙洞董事长叶文智高就高在这儿，建哈利路亚音乐厅，不图赚钱就为发扬苗土文化，其实游客朋友看了天书宝典能会联想到什么，对，黄龙洞跟天有关，那将是另外一番天地别有洞天，因为黄龙洞下埋藏着很多惊天大秘密，在那儿咱不但找到天书，还能找到天琴，还有那定海神针，回过头来咱再来哈利路亚音乐厅欣赏定会有不一样的感觉，游客朋友们可不要错过了这大餐啊!

“潘多拉太远，张家界很近”，说到这儿，谁都想看看电影阿凡达中的那根乾坤柱，这不，黄龙洞把哈利路亚山悬浮山都搬来了，演播厅前那根柱子就是乾坤柱。

“潘多拉星球受外星人侵袭，整个星球行动了起来，同样我们生存的这个地球，环境也在遭受着破坏，看到“后天”这个黄龙洞生态广场的标志建筑，您会想到了什么?很明显不止猴子在思考，大家也在思考。

“今天，我们无法进口白云和蓝天;明天，他们也无力再造河流与山川。请不要随意消耗地球资源，否则，后天猴子会思索人类的今天。”昨天，今天，后天，说明了黄龙洞和天有不解之缘，说到这儿游客朋友或许要问了，难道黄龙洞能通天不成?其实黄龙洞真的通天，不光如此，这儿还暗含着一个惊天秘密，至于什么秘密，大家到了黄龙洞就知道了。

黄龙洞董事长叶文智先生给我们大家上了画龙点睛的一课，请善待我们的地球，保护我们的家园吧，如果家园毁了，孙悟空他老人家在黄龙洞也坐不住了非大闹天宫不可，其实家园真被毁了，大闹天宫又起什么作用呢?因而眼下最要紧的是善待我们生存的环境，只有这样我们才体会到如诗如画的意境。

一幅醉倒天下的田园风光闪现在大家面前，在这儿人不想沉醉都难，对，这就是田园牧歌，看，水牛嬉戏，水车灌溉，清澈的溪流里，鱼儿在欢唱，农家小院里红彤彤的棒子等挂在屋檐下，热情好客的土家人早就准备好了自酿的美酒，不饮三碗今天大伙不过岗，听，吊脚楼上传来了悠扬的歌声，不用说那是醉人的爱;瞧，稻田里千奇百怪的稻谷正摇头摆尾欢迎各位游客的到来，紫红色、黄色、黑色、红色……等各色稻米映入眼帘，据说如此美妙的稻米是天上七位仙女变得，要不就不会五颜六色那么好看。

黄龙洞是个迷，永远揭不开的迷，在这儿就连瓜果都是五彩的，要不说这儿是王母娘娘的后花园，怪了，稻田里耕牛还在，独不见了牛郎，不要急过会儿咱去黄龙洞找找看，没准牛郎正在天仙桥上追七仙女呢，天上凡间旷世的真爱感天动地，说一千道一万，田园牧歌是个极富创意的园林广场，一举拿下了20__年的国家“环境艺术奖”，真是迷倒了天下。

现在大伙面前的吊楼就是土家的标志建筑，看到它就想到了古时土家人为了躲避战乱和野兽等的袭击在树上、溪涧岸边悬崖等建的高楼，说实话这更让咱们了解了土家、苗家等少数民族的智慧，各位游客或许还不了解，黄龙洞生态广场上曾经是小龙女西兰和白果王子卡普谈情说爱的乐园，在这儿留下了俩人谈恋爱动人的神话。

前边龙泉里还有小龙女---娃娃鱼的影子，当年小龙女和白果王子卡普频频约会，俩人那股热乎劲啊怎么掰都掰不开，可惜当时没有电，本来俩人的约会就瞒着龙王，自然夜明珠小龙女也不敢拿，就这样通体透明的“玻璃鱼”干脆两肋插刀替她俩花前月下照明，说实话这个电灯泡当得真够尽心尽职，把自己的眼都“烤瞎”了，成了“盲鱼”，即便如此，它还通体透亮，尽最大限度发着光芒，真乃有情有义，这“玻璃鱼”名气大着呢，好了，龙泉里不知道大伙看到了这义气的“玻璃鱼”没有?瞧，小龙女娃娃鱼又要哭了，这可是她

的联络暗号，一哭情郎可就出来了。

到了龙泉，不要忘了沾沾龙气，来到龙泉浴浴手，好运伴着走，常言说喝口龙泉水，女人怀上龙凤胎，龙子龙孙遍地有，男人九十九还壮如牛。一方水土一方人，当地人龙凤胎颇多，想结婚生子的朋友，机不可失，失不再来，大家可不要错过啊!

游客朋友们，长长的风雨长廊，犹如蛟龙出海，长龙上画龙点晴的八角厅，看到它，让人怎不想起伟人毛泽东八角楼上的灯光，对，就是这八角楼上的灯光，指引着我们翻身得解放过上了幸福的生活，吃水不忘挖井人，幸福不忘共产党，今天我们就是来到了真龙天子毛泽东的故乡和贺龙元帅的故里。红色湘西人杰地灵藏龙卧虎，为中国革命做出了巨大的贡献。

说到这儿，我们都是龙的传人，今天到了黄龙洞就格外接地气和仙气，因为黄龙在这儿已经飞天了。说起这黄龙洞来还有段典故，清朝年间，湘西大旱，地里的地皮都干裂了，老百姓度日如年，好心的龙女托梦给何法师，说是地下河的水都被黄龙抽干了，想要下雨救百姓只有求黄龙，于是何法师就带着一帮人来找黄龙求雨，熟料黄龙坐在龙王座上旁若无人，下面还有几百条蟒盘旋左右，没办法何发师只能施了法术，可惜黄龙只滴了几滴眼泪，一而再再二三何发师不干了，没想到惹恼了黄龙，双方大战起来，一时间地动山摇，最后何发师他们六个采取别的方式都没逃出来，临死前何法师说：“宁愿干死当门田，莫打黄龙泉”自此黄龙洞无人敢进，说来奇怪，因了何发师用司刀把黄龙定在座位上，从此风调雨顺，相安无事，这样黄龙洞就一直沉睡，后来直到1983年当地村民毛金初组织八个民兵，历经千难万险，终于探明了这世界溶洞奇观的真相，揭开了其神秘的面纱，世人才知道了黄龙洞的真面目，1984年2月破土开发，同年底正式开放，从那一发不可收拾，轰动全世界。

其实这只是揭开了冰山一角，这座神奇的大山下究竟还有什么，自然揭不开面纱谁也不清楚。有道是不入虎穴焉得虎子今天咱要去体验一番神奇的境界，直捣黄龙，亲历一番，体验里面别有的洞天才最有发言权。

黄龙归来不看洞，上有天堂，下有黄龙洞，好了游客朋友们，放大开你们所有的法宝跟着阿妹(阿哥)来踏上幸福大道到地下张家界这个天然的大空调探险吧。

进了百米长廊就算踏上了星光大道，这儿是黄龙洞的咽喉，锁住了咽喉也就锁住了一切，怎样这里有点一夫当关万夫莫开的味道吧，好饭不怕晚，看边上最险的那叫万石怪洞，什么样的石笋钟乳石柱都有，怪的让人都不知道怎么想象，要多奇怪有多奇怪，要不怎叫万石怪洞，不过这儿还没有开发，只能想象了，留下无尽的想象空间，等着朋友们下次再来。

星光大道走完了，两边的石笋石钟乳大家也算领略了，怎样够神奇的吧，里面最小的石笋石钟乳都价值连城，没准都经过几百万年才形成这么一小点点真是物以稀为贵，1988年一游客不小心用矿泉水瓶打了一根石钟乳，结果经有关部门核定价值达176万远，上苍厚爱黄龙洞，黄龙洞更善待每一名游客，黄龙洞不是谁的，是祖先留下来，是全世界的，因而每位游客要厚待黄龙洞的一切，要不“后天”也不依了。

说笑间，游客朋友咱现在到了双宾迎门处，哪双宾呢，大伙好好看看?一个笑弯了腰大腹便便，一个细里高挑眉清目秀，不用说大腹便便多像憨态可掬的老寿星，自然另一个是长寿了，大自然真是形象极了，这下好了，虽说条条大道通罗马，但摆在大家两条道，只能任选其一，要不就不灵了，如果这次选“幸福”，那就等以后再来黄龙洞走“长寿门”，好了，元芳，你怎么选?”

过了双宾门，马上阿妹(阿哥)要请大家“跳舞”了，大家尽情的“眺”。

看，龙王的舞厅到了，动人的音乐震天响，舞池里舞男舞女正翩翩起舞，6000平方米的舞厅够宽敞的，不用说咱这些人都进去“跳”也绰绰有余，其实这还仅仅是黄龙洞十三个大厅中面积最小的一个厅，不过虽小，可舞台布置的独具匠心恰到好处，石笋林立的龙舞台上灯火阑珊，大概龙王的舞会刚刚散，大家真是好运气刚好赶上了，瞧，那边包厢里还剩下一对，龙王的女儿跟心上人望穿秋水卿卿我我，看这架势就是知心话儿说上一年半载都说不完，情到深处让人醉。有道是生命诚可贵，爱情价更高，若为自由故，二者皆可抛，不用说有个心上人，真羡慕人，到底二位说的什么话，天知道?

说到天知道，各位游客朋友，这话可不是没有影，今天阿妹(阿哥)就让大伙开开天眼见识见识。各位朋友眼前石壁右上侧矗立着那根高20米的石柱，其四周险象环生，就是这柱子上端的一平台，五棵石笋

类似于特警护青松，守护者一块长约3米，宽1.5米，厚约80厘米匣形的石块，此石块上又覆盖一块与匣长宽相等的石板，似匣盖，厚10厘米左右，一半盖于其上，一半悬空，跟古代文书匣子及其相似，据说，匣里藏有黄石公天书三郑，乃古代向天子所弃，故称天书宝匣，可惜了张良仙师的这本天书，向王天子只读几页，就被龟精盗走，只留下一个空匣子，有道是天机不可泄露，天书被盗，天机泄露，没了天书的指点，自然向王天子难成大气候。回头则是一堵百丈绝壁，白色绝壁上墨迹点点，浑然天成，要多壮观有多壮观。

说到壮观，当然得好好看看咱们的黄石寨了，有道是不到黄石寨，枉到张家界，看大腹便便的罗汉正在招呼大家呢，那些去哪儿了，当然降妖除怪去了。

道高一尺，魔高一丈，自古邪不压正，从前黄龙洞也不是盛世太平，为了扶正压邪匡扶正义，龙王爷专门造了“宝塔峰”来降妖除怪，不光如此，龙王爷还常常御驾亲征。俗话说枪壮英雄胆，龙王也不例外，大家所看到的这两根黄白颜色的巨大石笋就是龙王爷的金戈银枪了，龙王爷有了这两样法宝可比双枪老太婆气派多了，就是齐天大圣孙悟空也不敢轻易招惹龙王，这不金戈顶部和事佬观音菩萨正端坐在上面来化解龙王和齐天大圣的恩恩怨怨，下面一群石猴正一个个往上爬想为美猴王昔日大闹龙宫求情呢，俗话说打狗还得看主人，说到这儿大伙都知道孙悟空好面子，轻易不认输，只好派石猴来走过场，也算让观音有台阶下，其实孙悟空鬼着呢，明摆着认输，背地里不知道又踅摸上龙宫里什么宝贝呢，不过，说归说，这些石猴还是够可爱的，连仁慈的菩萨也被感动了，瞧，她老人家正在那儿点化石猴呢，明摆着原谅了悟空，说也是悟空一路西天取经给观音菩萨添了多少麻烦，如果没有观音菩萨罩着，这个经可不好取。

要说群猴拜观音这形象逼真的奇观如此形成的，那是洞滴滴水错位改变方向的结果，阴差阳错成歪打正着成就了一副绝世奇景，这就是黄龙洞的神奇，要不怎说这儿有仙气。

未见其河，先闻其声，听那潺潺的水声，定是那响水河为朋友们在歌唱。在静静的黄龙洞中，响水河能发出响声，更为其蒙上了一层神秘的面纱，要不怎叫响水河，有道是鸟鸣蝉更幽，在这个地方不敢高声语，恐惊天上人，这地下阴河醉倒了世界上所有的游客。响水河，位于黄龙洞的第二层，说其为悬河一点也不夸张，它全长2820米，平均水深6米，最深有12米，水温保持在16℃。有道是山不在高，有仙则名，水不在深，有龙则灵，响水河沿岸素有小香港之称，极尽繁华，年接待游客突破百万人，是世界上最繁忙的阴河，比苏伊士运河还忙。沿途景致美不胜收，“船在水中行，人在画中坐”，龙王金盔、海贝浮空、海螺吹天、隐龙峡、插香台、天仙桥等数不清的美景，哪个都不容错过，当然河里还有热情好客的娃娃鱼，一不小心把手伸在水中，让娃娃鱼喜欢上了可就麻烦了，这家伙跟娃娃似的哭起来没完没了，阿妹(阿哥)可不负责哄，哪位要是在河里看到通体透明的“玻璃鱼”，可不要独吞啊，让大家再过过瘾，仔细观察一下，它那通体透亮的身体是不是个发光的电灯泡，其实响水河里还有其它一些生物，里面还有更多不为人所知的秘密，期望大家在游览中慢慢揭开。

香到神知，一缕清香扑面而来，插香台上高高低低的石笋，不正形象的表示了香火燃烧的不同程度吗。各位如果有什么想还原的话，尽管插香台不能近前，但我们可以在心里默默还原，毕竟这儿连着天，灵气的很。

踏上“黄岩岛”犹如踏上了华夏的边陲，感觉异常神圣，面对这个长约30米，宽度约5米，高约1.5米的黄岩岛，它使我们想到了华夏民族无论哪儿都是不可分割的，就跟钓鱼岛一样神圣不可侵犯，听“海螺吹天”号响了，连天仙宫都听到了，华夏民族的士气都被鼓舞了，天尽头处火焰山燃烧着熊熊烈火，孙悟空扛着芭蕉扇正往前线奔呢。

“天仙宫”是黄龙洞最宽的一个厅，其南北宽达96米，东西长105米，天尽头望不到边，黄土高坡连成片的瀑布群更为国内之最，它南北宽62米，东西宽105米，落差高达40米，层层梯田参差不齐，广袤无垠的黄土高坡上辛勤的老农正锄禾日当午，瞧，绿色植物正茁壮生长，这不是虚幻，是真实的，不用说我们，就是任何人都惊奇，1996年央视报道后，全世界各地的人都争相来睹黄龙洞里的绿色奇迹，一时间黄龙洞里水泄不通。毕竟万物生长靠太阳，为何黄龙洞便便不受大自然的约束，还有那种子又是怎么来的，冥冥中仿佛上苍厚爱黄龙洞又得到了例证，说不定上苍几亿年前就把种子撒在了这儿，今天大家有福看到了，真是亿年一遇。

人勤春来早，有道是春种一粒粟秋收万担粮，这不，龙王爷旱涝保收的“万丘龙田”里都收拾好了正准备播种呢，一块块地里不知道他老人家要种什么，不过在这儿想听到鸡犬相闻是不成了，近水楼台先得月，因为龙王太自私了，他利用职务之便在5483平方米的天仙水大厅建了三座“浴池”，把黄龙洞内最大的三股天仙水瀑布都引来，平时除了自己家族沐浴饮用顺便浇田外，谁也捞不着，真是肥水不流外人田，这真是黄龙之水天上来，奔流禾田不复息，这天仙水不但能祛病还延年益寿，真乃神水。俗话说要想人不知，除非己莫为，换到仙界也同样如此，说起这天仙水可大有来历，刚刚在黄龙洞广场后天处，我们就说黄龙洞通天，大家注意到了天仙水的顶部好好的怎么能有三股天仙水呢，大家都知道女娲补天的故事，大家或许要问了，神话传说中，天哪儿破了，又是怎么破的?天补好了没有?其实到了天仙水大厅谜底慢慢就揭开了，其实天就在黄龙洞顶上破的，天戳破了，要想补好可不是件容易事，自从女娲接受了上苍补天的命令后，一天又一天的就是补不好，面对玉帝的怪罪，女娲真是愁得没办法，补天可不是补肚皮那么简单，天底下的石头她找来找去，可没等补上天，石头就冲走了，看来补天的神奇石头太难找了，尤其是女娲想用五彩石，就这样她走遍了世界，找来找去还是找不到，就这样黄龙给其托梦，循着梦她找到了三千奇峰八百秀水的张家界，终于在这儿找到了女娲补天所用的石，天下没有免费的午餐，女娲知道，可没有黄龙的相助，女娲就是挖破了地，翻破了天也补不好天啊，所以说黄龙对女娲来说可是天大的人情，为了还黄龙一个人情，女娲就想报答黄龙，熟料黄龙提出了个小小的要求，想走捷径直接升天，这样就方便了，但为女娲出了一道难题，可毕竟黄龙帮了自己大忙，要不天河的水还不把宇宙给淹没了，滴水之恩当涌泉相报，就这样女娲补天时，悄悄在黄龙洞顶上留了个比头发丝还细的三个小孔，权当个毛细孔，就这样天河的水自然流在了黄龙洞顶，可日久天长，天塌下来怎么办，女娲就从东海抓来了一只万年乌龟，砍去其四脚，让其撑起了天，这就是乾坤柱。真可谓黄龙之水天上来，给黄龙洞顶上的天外表看似天衣无缝，其实还暗藏着不少天机，由此黄龙就可以直接升天，三股泉水中间那股据说就是黄龙升天的路径，自然边上的两股则是保驾护航的虾兵蟹将了，或许一人得到鸡犬升天就是从黄龙洞演绎出来的，自然天塌不下来也是由黄龙洞演绎来的，游客朋友天仙水大厅可是黄龙洞内最宽的一个大厅，更连着天，它南北宽约96米，东西长约105米，如此大厅更让我们明白了天外有天，人外有人，看来黄龙洞里还藏着不少典故。

和谐盛世喜事多，人勤年丰，这不连花果山上的齐天大圣都忘了西天取经和大闹龙宫的事情了，此时正捧着仙桃在水帘洞前看小猴子们操练享天伦之乐呢，到了高兴处，猴哥，禁不住蹦到了水帘洞顶，看，大圣子孙满堂人丁兴旺多惬意，与大圣的惬意相比，牛郎织女就“恨难逢”了，牛郎刚刚从黄龙洞生态广场跑来，俩人尽在咫尺，却因了天河的阻挡，有情人难成眷属，真是此恨绵绵无绝期，好在有了喜鹊七夕助力，俩人天桥上还能卿卿我我一会儿,好了咱过天仙桥到天上找神仙去，天仙桥上抖一抖，尘世烦恼一扫光，全身轻松追神仙，幸福大道在眼前，大家可要尽情地抖。

游客朋友们，咱现在到了天上最繁华的街市---天柱街，这儿是神仙做生意的地方，做生意得讲究地段和人气，那样才会做的风生水起，看来神仙更深谙此道。天柱街就跟北京的王府井上海的南京路一样要多繁华有多繁华，平时神仙们都爱来这儿买东西，逛逛街散散步消遣消遣。做生意得有门头，形态各异的柱子就是不同仙家经营的招牌，隔老远一看就知道是谁家的，看来仙家的品牌保护意识还是很强的，瞧，天柱街上那两根钟乳石冲破艰难险阻幸福地连接在一起，就跟泰坦尼克号上的杰克和罗丝一样，不但吻出了轰动世界的“喜相逢”醉人一吻，还“弹”出了惊天动地的神曲，有神曲自然有神琴，斜坡上一个大大的“石琴”早已调试好了，这架“钢琴”一九八四年中央电视台拍摄电视专题片《地下明珠——黄龙洞》时候，就敲出了一曲优美动听的《卖报歌》，轰动全球，看来神仙就是会享受，整座石山当琴，如此气魄的“石琴山”堪称吉尼斯之最啊。

游客朋友们，百步云梯人在天上走，景在脚下飘，星星点点中我们就到了仙界。俗话说的好，百步云梯走一走，活到九十九，这百步走下来大家可都是千岁了，不就成了仙人吗?仙人吗，自然有数不清的元宝，这不咱云梯上还有不少呢，不过这“元宝”咱可不要捡，有道是看景不走路，走路不观景，抢了“元宝”阿妹(阿哥)可不要，大家一定要跟好啊!

踏过了百步云梯，飘飘欲仙中，我们马上就到黄龙洞的最高层四层的龙宫了，这不岩壁上热情好客的飞龙早就在那儿迎接大家了，正要往龙宫里报信，告诉龙王来了好朋友了，要热情待客。看，它的化身已经飞起来了。

龙宫大厅是黄龙洞最大的大厅，底面积为14000平方米，平均高度40米，比第三层花果山、天柱街等要高出16—30米，石笋石柱1705根，高于1米的就有516根，平均每平方米就有0.12根，如此密实极尽罕见，看来龙王就是财大气粗，要不世界自然遗产委员会的高级顾问桑塞尔连连赞叹，这是他所见到的溶洞石笋最集中，神态最逼真的地方。

论逼真，当属那龙王宝座了，要说龙王真够腐败和奢侈的，它把黄龙洞中最大的一根石笋搬来制作宝座，这根石笋可不是一般的石笋，它有两部分组成，上部为一粗壮石笋，高度12米，底部直径10米，龙王宝座基座为底流石斜坡，落差超过10米，周径约50米，如此豪华前无古人后无来者，更令人惊讶的是龙王宝座中间那个空洞就是龙王的保护机关，相当于暗室，可同时容纳15个保镖，一旦威胁到宝座上龙王安全了，保镖们就会倾力而出保护龙王的安全，由此看来龙王考虑的真算严密，不但如此，龙王宝座的前方棵棵石笋石柱旌旗猎猎，好似三军仪仗队般亭亭玉立，真是里三层外三层，看来龙王的安全保护措施比得上国家元首，或许是悟空大闹龙宫后，警醒了龙王，他老人家意识到落后就要挨打，面对蠢蠢欲动的齐天大圣等不安定份子，龙王建立了强大的军队，看，龙宫里各军种一应俱全，操练场上金鸡报晓时，火箭基地处神九已经点火发射，神十正进入倒计时，好一个红火的火箭发射基地，这不空军雄鹰正展翅翱翔，陆军各类石笋正在操练，海螺藏身处“海军”们汗流浃背，特种部队各类飞禽走兽正使出看家本领，如此豪华的军营令人瞠目结舌，当然庞大的龙宫军队需要强有力的支撑，龙宫里奇珍异草等宫廷珍藏是其强有力的保障，单那17米高的棕榈状石笋挺立10万年的雪松就让人叹为观止，让人不由联想到中华门前那高高的华表。看，香菌柱上密密麻麻价值连城的菌类好像把全世界的食用菌都搬来了，这东西就跟燕窝鱼翅似的，看来龙王也想长生不老，这下可找到了长寿仙丹。

自古皇帝三宫六院七十二妃，龙王也不例外，这些美人可都是选美选来的，后宫里嫔妃们一个个尽显妩媚，载歌载舞，情致上来了连龙王也不免“山外青山楼外楼，西湖歌舞几时休了。”如此多的伉俪一旦后宫争风吃醋失火那还了得，为何龙王偏偏相安无事?要说龙王的聪明就在这儿，龙王把生长了20万年的定海神针都搬来了，定海神针就跟当下核武器一样，谁还敢轻举妄动?19.2米高的定海神针是黄龙洞最高的石笋也是镇宫之宝，两头粗中间细，围径40厘米，最细处仅有10厘米，虽如此，却也四两拨千斤，能耐大得很，要不齐天大圣孙悟空现在还在花果山上吃着仙桃想怎么再鼓捣回去，为此大圣天天想来想去，大圣清楚，今天的龙王非昔日的龙王，光那火箭基地就让大圣担惊害怕，更不用说龙王的海陆空部队了，再靠自己以前得三拳两脚龙王才不在乎呢，要紧的是大圣担心定海神针现在离洞顶还有6米，再需要长6万年就成顶天立地了，那时他老孙就是想扛也扛不动了，就是这根无价之宝的定海神针黄龙洞景区1998年4月18日为其买下了一亿元的保险，轰动了整个旅游界和保险界，传为佳话。

说到轰动，今天大家马上到回音壁前黄龙洞轰动，那可是绝世轰动，听听每个人的演唱怎样，体验黄龙洞就是你的感觉，有点指点江山激扬文字的味道，不免感觉到了天堂。

天堂人人向往，但毕竟离我们太遥远，再说天堂门不好打开，游客朋友请看，咱们头顶上方就是“天堂之门”，有仙缘的人会从此进入，仙缘可遇不可求，要不进了天堂迷了路找不到回家的路怎办，咱还是沿着沿着百步云梯飘到凡间吧，说到迷路咱大伙可不要错过咱黄龙洞的迷宫啊，“迷宫”是世界溶洞“全能冠军”黄龙洞的精品景点，位于黄龙洞最底层的支洞，长138米，平均高度为3米，宽约10米，总面积达800平方米。黄龙洞的石笋石柱石珊瑚石珍珠等千姿百态都是水晶色的，游了它更是锦上添花，不过迷宫里的水晶色的宝贝都是有代价的，为了保护它，每过一段时间就要封宫，平时还有游客数量限制，咱赶巧了，今天去“迷一会”，要不可后悔终生啊!。

好了，游客朋友，魂牵梦绕的黄龙洞咱游玩了，留下的谜底等待着大家下次来，这次咱找到神仙的感觉了吧，那就再在田园牧歌生态广场上过过瘾，尝尝神仙的滋味，农家乐、花园、水车、吊楼生态广场上尽情体验吧，自然那荡气回肠的哈利路亚音乐厅是非去不可的在那儿好好领略一番烟雨张家界的独特文化，寻前世姻缘与烟雨相约，土家族和苗族刀耕火烧的浓浓魅力湘西大餐已经开始了，演绎大厅里吉祥鸟已经飞开了，吉祥人人期盼，谁也不会错过吉祥鸟，如果说错过了一次的话，那就不能再错过第二次了，谁不盼望吉祥呢，那就赶快去寻找每个人心中的吉祥鸟吧。

走，游客朋友们，那边好戏已经开场了，咱赶快去赶场，要不可没座了，那儿可天天爆满啊

Located in the west park of the park, also called Luo Spring in ancienttimes, the BaoTu Spring has a long history of more than 3500 years, According tohistorical records, HuangongKing of the Lu State, met with King of the Qi Stateat Ouo in 694 BC. In the Northern Wei Dyansty, it was called Eying Springbecause of the Eying Temple by the spring. In the North Song Dynasty, Zeng Gong,a famous writer, wrote an article entitled records of two halls in Qiprefecture, in which the spring was formally called the baoTu spring. In theJinDynasty, a stele was erected by the spring, saying that the BaoTu Spring wasfirst among the 72 famous springs.

The two small pavilions Xi Quan and Ni Lan , built during the Song and MingDynasties, were restored to the right and left of the compound galleries inorder to display cultural relics.

Now you please look at the car window, the car is from Sani living sideafter the stockade.Tsaitsu said, it was necessary to brief you Yi housing.

Yungang Caves, one of China’s four most famous "Buddhist Caves Art TreasureHouses", is located about sixteen kilometers west of Datong, Shanxi Province.There exists 53 caves, most of which are made during the Northern Wei Dynastybetween 460 and 494 AD, and over 51, 000 stone sculptures. It extends onekilometer from east to west and can be fallen into three major groups.

Let`s start with milk tea,The host minces the tea and put it in a kettle toboil it .When the kettle starts boiling with a gurgling sound, the host poursthe fresh milk into it .Thus the herdsman coming in from a snowstorm will warmup immediately after having such a cup of milk tea. A bowl of milk tea,stir-fried rice ,several piece of a dry milk product and some lamb is regardedas a delicious meal by the ordinary Mongolian herdsman. Milk products includethe skin of boiled milk, milk curd, milk wine ,cheese ,butter and so on .Theformal meal may be served with meat and a flour-base product.

The first group (including Cave 1, Cave 2, Cave 3 and Cave 4) are at theeastern end separated from others. Cave 1 and Cave 2 have suffered from rigorsof time and the weather. Cave 3, an afterthought after the Northern Wei Dynasty,is the largest grotto among Yungang caves.

Tours normally begin from the second group ranging from Cave 5 to Cave13.Yungang art manifests its best in this group. Cave 5 contains a seated Buddhawith a height of 17 meters. In Cave 6, a 15-meter-high two storey pagoda pillarstands in the center of chamber and the life of the Buddha from birth to theattainment of nirvana is carved in the pagoda walls and the sides of the cave.The Bodhisattva was engraved in Cave 7. The rare seen Shiva Statue in Yungangwith eight arms and four heads and riding on a bull is illustrated in Cave 8.Cave 9 and Cave 10 are notable for front pillars and figures bearing musicalinstruments. Musicians playing instruments also appear in Cave 12. Cave 13 hasthe Buddha statue with a giant figurine supporting its right arm.

And after visiting these wonderful spots, we can have a rest, and maybesome of you want to have a bath in the hot spring. I suggest you do so, becausethe water here can cure disease which based on medical reasons.

The rest caves belong to the third group. Cave 14 has eroded severely. Cave15 is named as the Cave of Ten Thousand Buddha. The caves numbered 16 to Cave 20are the oldest complex and each one symbolizes an emperor from the Northern WeiDynasty and the subject of "Emperor is the Buddha" is embodied. The caves fromNo. 21 onward are built in the later times and can not compare to their betterpreserved counterparts.

The shrine is constructed cling to mountains and has front and back twoparts. Now we play a small game: count the stone steps, later I’ll tell you asecret. How many steps there are? Yes, 51 steps! So when Han Yu came toChaozhou, he was 51-year old. When Han Yu was to Chaozhou, he was impressed bythe beautiful scenery and hospitality of local people. You see that tree? Beforeit was an oak tree there, which was planted by Han Yu himself. People say moreflowers in the oak tree, more well-educated students are. But in Qing Dynasty,this magic oak tree died, so people planted this tree instead.

The Dripping Water Cave, about 3 km northwest of the village, is a verypopular destination, possibly because of the fact that Mao allegedly spent 11days here in the early days of the Cultural Revolution Years (1966-76),contemplating the unknown.

South leaves east the fontanel courtyard to fold namely for the daystreet.Day street, space downtown, rich poetic sentiment place.Travels to the Eastalong the day street, center north has a workplace, on the inscribed horizontaltablet the topic has " LooksWu Shengji " This is hands down Kong Zi and Yan Yuansees WuGuochang outside the gate a white horses place. North the work placehasthe Kong Zi temple.

大珠山原名州山。周初武王封侯时，武王追思先圣王，先褒封神农之后于焦，黄帝之后于祝，帝尧之后于蓟，帝舜之后于陈，大禹之后于杞。次封功臣谋士如姜太公、周公旦、召公奭及管叔蔡叔等。后来又将前朝殷商及四岳之后封爵。其中炎帝四岳之后姜姓的州国封为公爵，为西周四大公爵之一，封国在今安丘东北一带，国土规模不详。故址称淳于城，也称杞城。唐代封演《封氏闻见记》以大小朱山为州国所属，吴楚之人以居地为千古，谓州为朱然，则此山名为州山也。然而大小珠山距周初之州国都城似乎太远。西周四大公爵国，虞国和虢国为周天子宗亲，爵位高且封土多。而州国和宋国乃前朝遗老，给予高爵位礼遇，其封土过百里不愈制，连一般侯国封土也达到百里。宋与州两国封一等公爵，时间当在周成王灭武庚及三叔叛乱之后。西周封前朝遗老多异地改封，以割断其与旧势力联系。宋国异地而封，州国也应如此。康生十四世祖漕汶张洽按《四库全书·左传》曰，淳于州公原封于畿辅之内。纵观春秋战国，州国和宋国名位尊贵，比周公、召公和姜太公都高。但实力很弱，两国均以仁义著称，也均以仁义而亡，给后世留下许多笑柄。州国最惨，何时丢失大小州山予莒国，未见记载。春秋初期，周初从山东改封河南的杞国返回山东故土，与州、莒国为邻。鲁国征伐其朝鲁不敬，莒国夺取其牟娄之邑。州国淳于城为殷商时杞国故土。于是杞国便寄居于州国。前720xx年冬，州国君淳于实被逼无奈逃入曹国。次年春,州国君淳于实朝鲁，大概是求助鲁国主持公道。而杞国在被鲁国征伐后，迅速行成于鲁，结成同盟。杆子与井绳，孰扶孰弃?连孔子的《春秋》记此事，也只记实来两字。《左传》解释为州公实不复国也。按周礼规定，诸侯不称名，失去国土后才能称其名。且顺道朝见某国，非礼也。州公实既失去自己国土，又顺道朝鲁，所以孔子不记国名与公爵号，只记人名，轻慢之意，不言而表。天子失控，鲁国不救，何以复国?一个周天子封赐的一等公爵之国就这样消失了。今泰安一带仍有淳于姓氏居民，当是淳于州国移民的后裔。

然而州山之名并未消失，再见于崔琰《述初赋》残句。汉末崔琰就学于东汉大儒郑玄在不其山(今属青岛市城阳区)所办康成书院。

东汉末山东黄巾战乱发时，书院供给中断，郑玄康成书院师生们穷困潦倒，连写字的竹简也买不起，只好改用宽带形草叶。无奈之下，郑玄解散书院。唐代陆龟蒙感人至深的《书带草赋》详述此事。书院解散后，崔琰乘船至大珠山，欲改陆行归故里。而大珠山以西的海陆通道全部被黄巾军堵死，崔琰滞留大珠山数月。之后他写下了汉赋中的名篇《述初赋》，详细记述其求学经过。其中涉及黄岛多处山河等地名。其序和赋中有阳谷秦门铁山州山等今黄岛地名。如：登州山以望沧海朝发兮楼台，回盼兮句榆。朝食兮岛山，暮宿兮郁州。等句。这说明，至东汉末，大珠山依旧称州山。

各位游客：

你们好，欢迎你们来到北京旅游，我是你们的导游。

从八达岭长城往南，沿著名的“关沟”直下约5公里的中间地带，就是明万里长城最负盛名的雄关之一——居庸关。居庸关自古就是今北京地区西北的屏障。

如果说八达岭是西北进入北京的第一道门户的话，这里就是第二道门户。居庸关两侧高山耸立，翠峰重迭，峭壁陡不可攀。中间一径相通，地势十分险要。成书于战国时期的《吕氏春秋》中就有“天下九塞，居庸其一”的记载。

居庸关在漫长的岁月中，虽始终是兵防重镇，却屡易其名，三国时称“西关”，北齐时改“纳款关”，唐时又先称“蓟门关”，后改为“军都关”，由辽以后经金、元、明、清至今，一直称谓“居庸关”。秦时，虽然秦始皇所修长城不经过这里，但此地已是秦军都县和居庸县的关口。到北魏时期的公元446年，这里才开始有了长城。公元555年，北齐政权所修长城也曾经过这里。此时，居庸关才真正成为长城线上的一个重要隘口。明朝建立之初，就于洪武三年(公元1370年)派开国元勋徐达修筑了居庸关关城。关城两侧的长城城墙，紧接关城向两翼山上延伸，其形如大鹏展翅。城墙随山势地形而筑，在山巅平缓处的垛口为“凹”字形，墙筑在陡峭山坡，垛口为台阶式，呈锯齿状。关城设南北二门，街长二里余，南门筑有瓮城。垛口、射洞齐备，咽喉通道穿入南北门。具有“一夫当关，万夫莫开”之险。它与明长城的倒马关和紫荆关合称为“内三关”。

居庸关云台位于居庸关城的中心，为一过街塔基座，用汉白玉砌成。建于元至元五年(公元1345年)。台上原矗立三座石制-塔，俗称“过街塔”。塔在元末明初时先后被毁。明正统四年(公元1439年)，在台上重建寺院，名泰安寺。寺又于清代康熙四十一年(公元1720xx年)被焚毁。现存塔基高9.5米，下基东西长26.84米，南北长17.57米。台顶四周安设有雕刻精美的石护栏及排水龙头。台座正中间南北各开一券门，券洞为八边折角式拱券，这是我国仅存的宋、元以前城关门洞的建筑形式。券面及券洞内雕有迦楼罗(金翅鸟)、大龙神、卷叶花等。券洞内左右两壁，刻有属于-教内容的佛教图像，如四大天王像，以大鹏、鲸鱼等六种形象组成的法相饰“六〓具”等。四大天王之间，布满了用梵、藏、八思巴、维吾尔、汉、西夏西夏六种文字刻写的佛经，以及用汉文刻写的《造塔功德记》。券洞顶部雕刻有10尊坐佛和若干小佛像，还雕刻有各种花草图案。

居庸关，是京北长城沿线上的著名古关城，"天下九塞"之一，"太行八陉"之八，国家级文物保护单位。

关城所在的峡谷，属太行余脉军都山地，西山夹峙，下有巨涧，悬崖峭壁，地形极为险要。居庸关与紫荆关、倒马关、固关并称明朝京西四大名关，其中居庸关、紫荆关、倒马关又称内三关。

庸关在北京市昌平县境内，形势险要，自古为兵家必争之地。有南北两个关口，南名“南口”，北称“居庸关”。居庸关两旁，山势雄奇，中间有长达18公里的溪谷，俗称“关沟”。这里清流萦绕，翠峰重迭，花木郁茂，山鸟争鸣。绮丽的风景，有“居庸叠翠”之称，被列为“燕京八景”之一。居庸关的中心有一个“过街塔”基座，名“云台”，取其“远望如在云端”之意。云台创建于元至正二至五年(1342一1345年)，是用汉白玉石筑成的，台高9.5米，上顶东西宽25.21米，南北长12.9米;下基东西宽26.84米。南北长15.57米，上小下大，平面呈矩形。台顶四周的石栏杆、望柱、栏板、滴水龙头等建筑，都保持着元代的艺术风格。台基中央有一个门洞，门道可通行人、车、马。云台可谓是元代一座大型的石雕艺术精品。云台上原建有三座白色喇嘛塔，可惜毁于元末明初。此后在台基上建了“泰安寺”，清康熙四十一年(1720xx年)，寺遭火焚，仅存云台。现在台顶上的柱础，就是明代泰安寺殿字的遗物。

居庸关附近，还有“仙枕石”、“五郎庙”、“六郎寨”、“弹琴峡”、“望京石”、“天险”、“穆桂英点将台”、“詹天佑铜像”等景点，增添了这座雄关的风采。1992年昌平区十三陵特区办事处为保护文物，对关城建筑进行了全面修复，再现了昔日的雄姿。关城附近自然景观十分壮美，早在金明昌年间(公元1190—1195年)“居庸叠翠”之名已列入“燕山八景”。

居庸关在距北京市区50余公里外的昌平县境内。相传秦始皇修长城时，将囚犯、士卒和强征来的民夫徙居于此，后取“徙居庸徒”之意，故名居庸关。 汉代沿称，此后各代仍称居庸关口这里山峦间花木郁茂葱笼，仿如碧波翠浪，故有“居庸叠翠”之称。 居庸关形势险要，自古为兵家必争之地，它有南北两个关口，南名“南口”，北称“八达岭”。居庸关两旁山势雄奇，中间有长达18公里的溪谷，俗称“关沟”。这里清流萦绕、翠峰重叠、花木郁茂、山鸟争鸣，被列为“燕京八景”之一。

居庸关长城所在的峡谷，属太行余脉军都山地，地形极为险要。早在春秋战国时代，燕国就要扼控此口，时称“居庸塞”。汉朝时，居庸关城已颇具规模。南北朝时，关城建筑又与长城连在一起。此后历唐、辽、金、元数朝，居庸峡谷都有关城之设。

居庸关长城在北京昌平县境内，距北京市区60公里，是长城的一个重要关口，古代北京西北的重要屏障，形势险要。然而，这个汉代关始设立的开口，历尽沧桑，残损严重，渐渐失

居庸关长城(4张)去公众的关注。历时4年、耗资上亿元的居庸关长城修复工程已竣工，居庸关长城已于1998年3月正式对游人开放。

游览居庸关主要是观赏那高六雄伟的关城和连锦起伏的垛口，以及云台精美石雕。

关城：明代居庸关有南北雨个外围关口，南边的叫南口，北边的为八达岭口(北口)，关城就设在南口北边的峡谷 (关淆)中。城设南北门，南门筑有瓮城，一条困喉通道穿入南北门。关城两旁高山耸立，重因叠蟑，林木葱郁，早在 800多年前的金代，就被列为燕京八景之一，称为「居庸叠翠」。

云台：在关城的中心，有一座雕刻精美的汉白玉石台，名为「云台」，建於元代至正五年(公元1 345年)，原是建 筑物的台基，台上先后建有过街塔、泰安寺，现仅存星座。云台的雕刻集中在券门和券洞内。券门雨侧到有金刚杵及各种兽类浮雕，正中刻有金翅鸟王;券洞内壁有四六天王浮雕及汉、藏、回、蒙、梵、西夏6种文字所到的《陀罗尼经咒》和《造塔功德记》。券顶布满曼陀罗花及小佛像，雕刻极为精致。

建筑特点

1.呈圆周封闭形建筑形式;

2.宽窄、高低变化大，最宽16.7米，最窄1.2米。东山长城比河 居庸关长城

套长城高出370米左右。墙体内侧低，外侧高，外侧叫垛口墙，内侧叫女墙或宇墙，可以有效地抗击敌人;

3.建筑结构形式多样，是整个长城建筑的精华，在清理基址时发现有花岗岩条石垒成的，有碎石块砌成的，有砖砌的，说明它的建筑年代不同;

4.军事防御范围广，周围面积50多公顷，南北券城相距约850米左右，东山顶至西山顶直线距离1150米，防御设施有南、北券城、城楼、水门、水闸、敌楼、铺房、烽隧、角楼、炮台等。长城上的敌楼、烽燧、铺房，是古代打仗时作为掩体和士兵居住的地方，共修复了25座，这些按明代规制烧的城砖，都是靠人工、牲畜往上运送材料。高大雄伟的城楼，南北各有一座，楼为三重檐歇山式绿琉璃瓦翦边，高21米，下面城台高10米。城楼是指挥作战的中心，所以建造高大。站在楼上，可以一目了然，有利于观敌情。城台下面有券门通瓮城。瓮城即大城门外的月城，用以增强城池的防御力量。

景点

券城与南北关

南关瓮城呈马蹄形，南关主城门南北走，向上有重檐歇山城楼一座，自地面计算高31.8米，瓮城西侧有瓮城城门通往关城向南的大道，在弧形瓮城城台上设有炮台，陈列着明代古灯，外墙有垛口，内侧墙低矮无垛口。作战时可将敌人诱入瓮城，主城关闭阻其入城，再放瓮城闸门，敌人就被困在瓮城里，只能束手就擒，有“瓮中捉鳖”之意，因此得名瓮城，在瓮城之中建有一座福佑关城的关王庙。北关与南关作用相同，呈长方形的瓮城上设有炮台，瓮城城门朝向北侧，北瓮城中建有北方镇守大神真武庙，庙内供有十二生肖神，水火。

古炮

资料图片在居庸关南券城和北券城城墙之上，分别陈列5门古炮。南券城陈列“大将军铁炮”2门，长1.7米，炮口口径8厘米。“竹节铁炮”3门，长1.7米，炮口口径15厘米;北券城陈列“大将军铁炮”2门，长1.77米和1.79米，炮口口径7厘米。“竹节铁炮”3门;长为1.08米、1.5米、1.7米，炮口口径为14厘米和8厘米。明代是我国古代大炮制铸和使用最兴盛时期。元朝末年，朱元璋起义，和州人焦立向他呈献十支新式武器“火铳”。用火药发射铁弹丸，当时称为“火龙枪”。明朝建立以后，专门设有兵仗军器局，研制铸造大炮。大炮被称为“神威大将军”。在军队中，设有使用大炮的军机营。京城卫戎，长城关口要冲，配备神机营。明成祖时，下令在长城沿线安置大炮。还“佛郎机”“神枪”“铁铳”等。《明史.兵志》记载，到了明代中叶，大炮的铸造工业逐于精良，制造出的“红夷大炮”长可二丈有余，重三千斤。发之洞裂石城，声震数十里。这种炮，有照门和准星用于瞄准，射程可达500多米。在修复居庸关北关城时，发掘出土石炮弹23枚，最大直径为15厘米，铁炮弹6枚，最大直径5 厘米。[1]

云台石刻

云台石刻堪称一绝，券门内两侧右壁及顶部遍刻佛像，佛像造型生动，雕刻技艺高超，六种文字的石刻经文、咒语为历史研究提供了难能可贵的资料。据专家考证，石刻造像具有典型的藏传佛教萨迦教派的特征。进入券门两壁刻四大天王像。天王身躯高大，怒目圆睁，并有厉鬼在其左右，是护持佛法，镇守国家四方的尊神。据说明朝正德年间，武宗皇帝朱厚燳微服出游，夜间骑马偷偷混出居庸关时，他的坐骑见到四大天王像，吓得不敢前行。无奈之下武宗下令用烟火把像熏黑了，才得以出关。

券门两壁四天王的空间处，有用梵、藏、八思巴、畏兀儿、西夏、汉等六种文字镌刻的《如来心经》经文、咒语、造塔功德记等，西夏文是纪录我国古代党项族语言的文字，创制于公元1036—1038年间，当时约有六千多字流行。八思巴文是元世祖忽然必烈命其帝师八思巴创立的蒙古新字。它脱胎于藏文，采用拼音的方式书写，并于公元1269年颁诏推行。以上两种文字流传时间很短便废弃不用，而保存下来的石刻文字对破译古代文字，以及研究西夏、蒙古历史都提供了非常珍贵的实物资料。

居庸关

居庸关券门顶部刻有五个曼荼罗，即五组圆形图案式佛像，佛界称其为坛场。坛场的设立有保护众佛修炼铁，防止魔众侵犯的意思。五曼荼罗的主尊佛像，由北往南依次为： 释迦牟尼佛(如来佛)、阿弥陀佛(菩萨形)、阿佛(菩萨形)、金刚手菩萨、普明菩萨。其中除释迦牟尼为佛祖之外，其他四菩萨在此显现，则有四方教主的意思。五曼荼罗连同其他佛像，共197尊。

券顶两侧的斜面上，刻有十方佛，在每方佛的周围还分别刻有小佛102座，共计小佛1020座，取共千佛之意。这些小佛，是明朝正统年间，修建泰安寺(1443—1449年)时，由镇守永宁(今延庆县境)的太监谷春主持补刻的。连同十方佛下的菩萨、比丘，券项两侧部共有刻像1060尊。

券门的南北券面上，雕刻着造型独特、别具一格的一组造像，其中有大鹏、鲸鱼、龙子、童男、兽王、象王等等，佛界称其为“六拿具”。大鹏寓意慈悲鲸鱼为保护之相，龙子表示救护之意，童男骑在兽王上自然是寓意福资在天，而象王则有温驯善师的含意，券面最下端的石刻纹饰为交杵,又称羯魔杵、金刚杵。原本为古印度的一种兵器，在此为断烦恼、伏恶魔，护持佛法的法器。鉴于云台刻石造像的历史与文物价值，1961年，经国务院批准，云台刻石造像被列为第一批全国重点保护文物。

真武庙(1996年修复)

明洪熙元年(1420xx年)建。真武庙所祀主神为真武大帝。真武即玄武，是中国古代神话中的北方之神，道教所奉的神。相传古净乐国王的太子，生而神猛，越东海来游，遇天神授宝剑，入湖北武当山修炼，经42年而功成，白日飞升，威镇北方，号玄武君，宋代皇帝因避其祖赵玄朗名讳，改玄武为“真武”。宋真宗时尊为“镇天真武灵应圣帝君”，简称“真武帝君”。元朝时加封真武为“元圣仁威玄天上帝”，成为北方最高神。明代对真武信仰达到鼎盛。朱棣称帝后，特加封真武为“北极镇天真武玄天上帝”，并将其所谓修炼之地——武当山赐名“大岳太和山”。相传，洪武初大将军徐达北征“屡有真武灵助之”，因而在关内修建此庙。修复的庙内有道教真武神八大元帅、六丁六甲神将、水火二将和青龙、白虎等神像。

城隍庙

这组庙宇规模较大。城隍是道教所传守护城池的神。中国古代称有水的城堑为“池”，无水的城堑为“隍”。据说三千多年前的周代，除夕要祭祀八种神，其中就有城神、隍神。以后两神合二为一，就成为城池之神了。道教认为城隍是剪恶除凶、护城安民之神，能应人之求，旱时降雨，涝时转晴，以保五谷丰登，百姓安泰。

最早是三国东吴时，在安徽芜湖建城隍神庙，以供拜祭。到了唐代，祭祀城隍逐渐普遍，人们把一些在地方有功的开明人士死后奉为城隍神，希望他能继续福佑乡土，保护百姓。宋代祭祀城隍更是遍行各乡。到了明朝，明太祖元璋即位不久，就下令在都城南京修建规模宏大的城隍庙，并颁布城隍神的封号爵级，敕封京城城隍为帝，开封临濠等地的城隍为王;府级城隍为威灵公，官居二品，州级城隍为显佑伯，官居四品，并按照级别，配制服饰。另外，城隍还管领亡魂。朱元璋还为城隍组织了一套机构，设有判官和衙役，道教乘机声称“城隍老爷”有权拘捕活人到阴间，死人的阴魂也都首先到城隍庙去接受审问。新官上任必须斋戒沐浴去祭祀城隍庙后，方得进衙理事，每月初一、十五还得前往祭拜。

朱元璋如此重视城隍神是有他的目的的。朱元璋曾对大学士宋濂透露过心里话：“朕立城隍神，使人知畏，人有所畏，则不敢妄为”。说穿了，大肆鼓吹神鬼的威力，不过是震慑臣民，目的是巩固封建统治。居庸关的城隍庙建于明洪武年间(1368-1397年)。清代乾隆三十年(1765年)重修。在这里建置城隍庙除为了护佑关城外，还有约束军民的用意。这次修复是1996年，庙内塑有城隍、阎王、山神、地神等神像。

水门

居庸关地形险要两侧高山，中间一水，水道，南北方向贯穿关城。长城与河道交叉之处，建有双孔圆拱水门，水门上有闸楼，内设水闸，借此控制门内外水量。洪水季节打开闸口，泻洪，枯水季节，储备河水供关城使用。水门桥墩为南北尖状，以利于减少洪水对水门的作用力，起到了防止毁坏，延长使用时间的作用。

各位游客，大家好!欢迎来到黄山游玩，我是小导游__x，今天我来带领大家一起游览黄山。

游客们，下面我来介绍一些景点，等会儿自由活动的时候，大家可以选择景点。黄山有山岭30处、岩22处、洞7处、关2处。黄山的四绝有奇松、怪石、云海和温泉。观日出最佳地点有清凉台、曙光亭、狮子峰、始信峰、丹霞峰、光明顶、鳌鱼峰、玉屏楼。看云海最佳地点是玉屏楼、清凉台、白鹅岭、排云亭、光明顶。

各位游客，这就是黄山四绝里的奇松。黄山绵延数百里，千峰万壑，比比皆松。黄山松，它分布于海拔800米以上高山，以石为骨，顽强地扎根于巨岩裂隙。黄山松针叶粗短，苍翠浓密，干曲枝虬，千姿百态。有的伟岸挺拔，有的独立峰巅，有的倒悬绝壁，有的冠平如盖，有的尖削似剑。有的循崖度壑，绕石而过;有的穿罅穴缝，破石而出。忽悬、忽横、忽卧、忽起，“无树非松，无石不松，无松不奇”。

游客们，你们抬头往上看，是不是看到了一块大石头?它叫“梦笔生花”，黄山四绝之一的怪石!这怪石形态，那真是千奇百怪，令人叫绝。似人似物，似鸟似兽，情态各异，形象逼真。它“怪”就怪在从不同角度看，就有不同的形状，已被命名的怪石有120多处。

其他地方我就不多说了，让你们自己去观赏，下面是自由活动，我建议最好去泡个温泉哦!

绵山，亦名绵上，后因春秋晋国介之推携母隐居被焚又称介山。 古老神奇的绵山，历史悠久，2640年的历史博大精深。人文景观雄壮宏伟，自然风光优美，集秦山之雄奇、无水不秀、无涧不幽、无景不典;气势恢弘，巧夺天工，苍松翠柏，山环水绕，人称北方九寨沟。

绵山的吃、住、行、游、购、娱各具特色，住在悬崖上，吃在岩沟边，行在云雾中，游在飘飘欲仙，似仙非仙。登介公岭拜介公，游仙洞，龙头寺观日落。远眺中国最大道观建筑群大罗宫，穿越天桥漫步一斗泉，拾阶朱家凹，观佛教圣地云峰寺，探秘九曲一线天栖贤谷，远足龙脊岭，畅游自然景观北方九寨沟--十里画廊水涛沟，令游客目不暇接，流连忘返。

绵山之所以享誉海内外，千百年来登临者络绎不绝，在于她步步有景，景景有典，奇岩、秀水、古柏、唐碑、宋塑、名刹、巨宫和真神介之推，空王真佛以及流传千年而不衰的寒食清明节习俗，形成了绵山独特的魅力，吸引了众多的游客纷至踏来。绵山人间仙境，旅游好去处，堪称全国之“最”，千山万水看不尽绵山，游绵山，看尽千山万水。

Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum is the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty and the queen Zhu Yuanjin Ma burial tomb, which is located in the southern foot of the purple mountain long Fu play in Mount Everest, Nanjing is the largest and one of the best preserved imperial tombs.So far more than 600 years of history.

The emperors in ancient China chose the site of the mausoleum very carefully, and paid special attention to choosing the land of "Ji Di", that is, the place of geomantic omen.Every time I go out the site, in addition to sending one or two court officials, but also absorb the knowledge of geography, will see the alchemist in Feng shui.After selecting the mausoleum, the emperor had to examine the scene himself and was satisfied with it and was finally finalized.Soon after Zhu Yuanzhang ascended the throne, he was concerned about the "paradise" after his death, and began to plan the construction of the mausoleum.It is said that he has called Liu Bowen, Xu Da, Tang He, and other ministers to discuss site selection.Five people agreed to write their respective best burial sites on paper and then open them at the same time.The results are written, Great minds think alike., Dulong Fu Mount Everest ".So the site of the tomb of Zhu Yuanjin was thus fixed.Dulong Fu is a hill located beneath the Zijin Mountain peak, 150 meters high, about 400 meters in diameter, is like a huge natural grave.Chinese feudal emperor often put themselves as sons of the heaven, to build the tomb in Dulong Fu, is in line with the requirements of the feudal superstition.

Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum Yu Wu nine years (1376) began to build, build competent mausoleum engineering enterprises is "Dudu Fu Li xin.At that time, a large number of migrant workers were employed, and dozens of temples were left behind by their predecessors.Since the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern Dynasties, Buddhism has been widely spread in China. The emperor of Wu even regards Buddhism as a national religion, so the temples in Nanjing are numerous.In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, there were more than 300 Buddhist temples, nearly 500 in the Southern Dynasties, and 100 thousand monks.His poetry in the Tang Dynasty: "in the four hundred and eighty temple, how many loutai yanyu."It was the portrayal of the flourishing Buddhist temples in Nanjing.In addition to moving to the temple, even moved a lot of previous tombs.But when moving to the Three Kingdoms, the tomb of Sun Quan (now on Mount Mei Shan in Nanjing), Zhu Yuanjin said, "Sun Quan is a true man, keeping him as a gatekeeper."."It was not removed.Hongwu fifteen years (1382), the first phase of the project completed, coincided with the empress Mas death, Zhu Yuanjin held a grand funeral for her, and the coffin burial tomb, called her "Xiaoci Queen", which is also the name of the tomb.In 1383, the main project of the tomb built hall.In 1392, the crown prince ZhuBiao died and was buried in the tomb of the East, called dongling.Hongwu thirty-one years (1398) built "Ming Tomb magic holiness monument", the construction of the mausoleum engineering ended, the project took 23 years.Before the death of Zhu Yuanjin, had left a testament; "funeral to frugality, no Jin, change because of the tomb and the world, three subjects are released, as marriage."This is obviously Zhu Yuanzhangs trick of buying peoples hearts.The whole Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum building, Xiaolingwei East, South to West Fang Weigang dismount, the walls of the city, north of Longgang only halfway up the mountain, a radius of more than 20 km, is a grand scale.In the long 23 years of construction, depletion of the flesh and blood of the people.At that time, there were ten thousand trees planted in the tomb area, thousands of deer kept and 5700 guards.Its wide range, large scale, before the Ming Dynasty is rare.But Zhu Yuanjin was buried, there are 40 concubines to bury, in which 2 people were buried in the tomb of the East and west sides, 38 people from the buried in the tomb.This China exposed the feudal ruling class was cruel, they not only to enjoy the splendor rich, after death still "death", the burial, at the people life.

南风古灶旅游区位于著名的南国陶都石湾，集旅游、观光、生产、习艺、研讨、参与、购物于一体。南风古灶景区内有全国重点保护文物、被称为陶瓷活化石的南风古灶和高灶，五百年来窑火不绝、生产未断，世界罕见，已载入吉尼斯世界纪录大全，景区内还有林家厅、高庙偏厅等两个市级文物保护单位，以及巨型陶瓷壁画-古镇陶源史画、瑞龙献宝、窑尾作坊、古窑映像、古灶榕风、古寮场等景点。

南风古灶旅游区从20xx年起开放接待游客,是一个全新的旅游景点，至今已接待大量国内外游客，成为佛山乃至珠江三角洲地区的新旅游热点。要了解石湾历史悠久的陶文化，不到南风古灶旅游区将是一大遗憾，走近它将使你真正了解石湾的陶文化，了解陶的生产过程。

游客观光游览之余，还可以参与玩陶、烧陶。石湾的陶艺自明清至今兴盛发达，卓有成就、富有艺术才华的陶艺家也不断涌现。如今，玩陶已成为都市的一种新时尚，到南风古灶参观，由陶艺师傅亲自教授陶艺制作，有助于陶艺爱好者开阔眼界、提高审美意识和掌握制作技巧，亦有助于少年儿童发挥其艺术潜能和丰富的想象力、创造力。

In 1709 (the 49th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty),the first master Jiamuyang xiebadoji (all know Miaoyin xiaojingang) returnedfrom Tibet to his ancestral home to build a temple to promote Buddhism at theinvitation of Chahan DanJin, the South Prince of the Yellow River, the firstbanner of Heshuote tribe of Mongolia in Qinghai. In the summer of that year, themaster brought his disciples to zhaxitan, where he saw beautiful mountains andrivers, surrounded by auspicious clouds. It was an ideal place to build atemple. That is to say, we began to build the rabrang monastery here. Throughthe continuous expansion and improvement of Dai Jiamuyang master and the livingBuddhas, it has developed into a grand building complex with an area of 866000square meters, a construction area of more than 400000 square meters, more than90 main temples, more than 10000 monk houses and six ZHACANG (colleges), variousBuddha halls, many living Buddha palaces and lecture platforms, Fayuan, Yinjingacademy, pagodas, Jiamuyang master villa, etc. At its peak, there were more than3600 monks. There are 139 temples under its jurisdiction, and the religiousauthority covers Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, Kang, Mongolia, Northeast China andXinjiang. It is not only a sacred Buddhist Buddhist temple, but also acomprehensive institution for spreading knowledge, and a cultural and artisticcenter for the Tibetan people in the whole Amdo region. Won the secondTibet.

On the eve of liberation, there were 6 sutras halls and 48 Buddhist hallsin Labrang temple. Among them, there is one seven storey building, one sixstorey building, four four storey buildings, eight three storey buildings andnine two storey buildings It covers an area of more than 1000 mu, including fourbronze tile roofs, two green glazed tile roofs, 31 Tibetan buildings, 30 livingBuddha houses, 6 Jiwa houses, 6 big kitchens, 1 printing house, 2 lecture halls,2 Jiamuyang villas, more than 500 Scripture wheel houses, more than 500 commonmonk houses, several pagodas and memorial archways. The whole building ismajestic, row upon row, well arranged, and can be called the first famous templein andor area. These buildings can be divided into stone and wood structure andcivil structure. There is a saying that there is no wood outside and no stoneinside. The architectural forms include Tibetan style, Han palace style andTibetan Chinese mixed style.

After liberation, because of the interference of the far left route,Labrang Temple suffered great damage. The seven story pozhangmaruo Buddha Hallwas demolished in the "four Qing Dynasty" and a cinema was built. The largestBuddha statue (24 meters high) in the hall was smashed and made of steel in1958. Ten years of "Cultural Revolution" is even more unspeakable, a Buddhisttemple into a food factory, slaughterhouse. The temple door was closed and themonks scattered. The temple building only retains the northwest corner of theoriginal temple, accounting for about a quarter of the original temple area.Most of the temple sites are occupied by government units.

Although Labrang monastery has gone through many vicissitudes, since theThird Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Partyof China, under the care of the Chinese government, it has implemented thepartys ethnic and religious policies. Since the reopening of Labrang monasteryin 1980, the state has allocated more than one million yuan for the maintenanceof the original Sutra hall and Buddha Hall.

介绍秦兵马俑的导游词

自秦兵马俑博物馆于1979年10月1日开馆至今，已有为效众多国家的党政首脑都参观过这个博物馆，更有数以百万计的中外游客不远干里来参观这个人类奇迹。兵马俑的奇迹震惊世人，我们一定要来看看。接下来第一范文网小编为大家整理了介绍秦兵马俑的导游词，欢迎大家阅读!

介绍秦兵马俑的导游词1

大家好!我是你们的导游，大家可以叫我小梁。今天由我负责向大家介绍我国陕西省西安市临潼区东约5000米处的秦兵马俑。它南依骊山，北依渭水，地势险峻，环境优美，是秦始皇的陪葬坑。陪葬品众多，是一座丰富的地下文物宝库。接下来，我们一起进入馆内参观。

欢迎大家来到秦兵马俑馆内参观。兵马俑三个俑坑，最大的是一号坑。三个俑坑面积有20xx0平方米多，相当于50个篮球场。坑内兵马俑近8000多个，一行行，一列列，排成一个整齐的长方形军阵，真像秦始皇当年统帅的一支南征北战，所向披靡的大军。

大家猜这位头戴着鶡冠，身披铠甲，手持宝剑，挺着胸，威风凛凛的俑是谁?A武士俑B骑兵俑C将军俑。你们猜出来了吗?什么，猜不出来!我告诉答案吧，是C将军俑。

哈哈，接下来，我说一下骑兵俑。他的头戴圆形小帽，身着紧袖，下穿紧口被足蹬、长筒马靴，披挂短小的铠甲，显得简单而灵活。

武士俑平均身高1米8左右，一个个体格健壮，体型匀称。身穿战袍，披挂铠甲，脚登前端向上翘起的战靴，手持兵器，整装待发。

好了，今天的游览接近尾声了，愿你们这次参观秦兵马俑的经历成为生活中一段美好的记忆。我是导游梁思爽，谢谢!

介绍秦兵马俑的导游词2

亲爱的游客：

你们好,我是导游沈瑞，今天很高兴由我带领大家去参观秦兵马俑，希望大家不要乱扔果皮纸屑，谢谢大家。

秦兵马俑是世界上八大奇迹之一。兵马俑位于西安临潼出土，是享誉世界的珍贵历史文物。

兵马俑规模宏大，已发掘的三个俑坑总面积20xx0平凡米，坑内有兵马俑近八千个。在三个俑坑中，一号坑最大，东西长230米，南北宽62米，总面积14260平方米;坑里的兵马俑也最多，有六千多个，一号坑上面现在已经盖起了一座巨大的拱形大厅。坑里的兵马俑一行行，一列列。十分整齐，排成了一个巨大的长方形军阵，真像是秦始皇当年统帅的一支南征北战所向披靡的大军。兵马俑不仅规模宏大，而且类型众多个性鲜明。

你瞧，将军俑，武士俑，骑士俑，陶马，每个兵马俑都是极为精美的艺术品。仔细端详，神态各异：有的颔首低眉若有所思，好像在考虑如何相互配合，战胜敌人。有的目光炯炯，神态庄重，好像在暗下决心，誓为秦国统一天下作殊死拼搏。

秦兵马俑，在古今中外的雕刻史上是绝无仅有的，它惟妙惟肖地模拟军阵的排列，生动的再现了秦军雄兵百万，战车千乘的宏伟气势。

感谢大家来参观其兵马俑，希望大家下次再来，祝大家身体健康，工作顺利。

介绍秦兵马俑的导游词3

各位朋友：

大家好，我姓何，我是这次旅游的导游，我很高兴为大家服务，希望我们合作愉快!这次我们去西安临潼去参观秦兵马俑，它举世无双，是享誉世界的珍贵历史文物。在这里我要提醒朋友们：请不要乱扔垃圾，随地吐痰，让我们的世界遗产变得更美!好了，话说完了，秦兵马俑也到了，请朋友们一个接一个排队下车，然后跟我走。

朋友们请看，兵马俑是不是很整齐有序?猜猜兵马俑坑有多少平方米?答对了，兵马俑横看、竖看都十分整齐有序。它有2万平方米，相当于五十个篮球篮球场这么大呢!真厉害!坑里有兵马俑进八千个，各个个性鲜明。瞧!那尊武士俑面带微笑，像刚刚打完胜仗回来的样子;看，那尊骑兵俑瞪大眼睛，仿佛在怒视敌人……

秦兵马俑还有一个传说：“传说秦始皇快要离世的前一个月，就发动一小半人去用陶泥、陶土建秦兵马俑。一个月后，兵马俑造好了，可是造好的那一天晚上，秦始皇突然生了一场大病，请了许多有名的太医也没办法。直到第二天早晨，秦始皇去世了。跟据他生前的遗愿，建过兵马俑的人民负责把水银洒在秦始皇的尸体上，并且埋葬秦始皇，然后把自己杀掉。”朋友们，听了这个传说，我想问你们一个问题：“水银是什么?”没错，水银就是一种毒性很强的液体，它像水一样无色无味，有些还是看不见的。它会散发到空气中，人闻了之后不但会传染人，还会中毒死亡。所以秦始皇不想未来的人类挖开他的坟墓，就把水银放在自己的尸体里，这样未来的人类就不敢挖开秦始皇的坟墓了。哦，对了。秦始皇之所以要建兵马俑，其中是有原因的：秦始皇希望自己死后也想生前那样有自己的强大军队，于是就建起了这座巨大的兵马俑。

朋友们，这次的旅游使命完成了，我们即将乘车返回起点，下车时要把所有东西带好，建好周围的垃圾，做一个文明游客，谢谢!

介绍秦兵马俑的导游词4

尊敬的女士们、先生们：

今天，我们将参观秦兵马俑博物馆。秦兵马俑博物馆位于酉安市东35公里处，从喜来登酒店坐车到那里大约需要50分钟时间。自秦兵马俑博物馆于1979年10月1日开馆至今，已有为效众多国家的党政首脑都参观过这个博物馆，更有数以百万计的中外游客不远干里来参观这个人类奇迹。法国总统希拉克曾留言说过：“世界上原有七大奇迹，秦兵马俑的发现，可以说是第八大奇迹了。不看金字塔.不算真正到过埃及‘不看秦俑，不算真正到过中国。”美国前副总统蒙代尔也说;“这是真正的奇迹。全世界人民都应该到这里看一看。”从这些高度凝练的话语中，我们不难看出秦俑的历史价值及艺术价值。

你们请看，那身材魁梧，头戴曷冠，身披铠甲，手握宝剑，昂首挺胸的就是将军俑。有的神态自若，目光炯炯，一看就知道是久经沙场，重任在肩;有的则是颔首低眉，若有所思，好似在考虑如果作战，战胜敌人。满是大将风范。

再看那些武士俑，各个体格健壮，它们身穿战袍，披挂铠甲，脚登前端上翘起的战靴，好像在听候号角，待命出征。

接着继续来看骑兵俑，仔细观察，它们身上着短甲，下身着紧口裤，足登长靴，右手执缰，左手持弓箭，仿佛随时准备上马冲杀。

打仗时期，肯定少不了一群良驹。看前方，那陶马跟真马一样大小，一匹匹形体健壮。那跃跃欲试的样子，如果一声令下，就会撒开四蹄，腾空而起，跳上征程。

不管是将军俑、武士俑还是骑兵俑，都好像在暗下决心，为秦国统一天下作殊死拼搏，甚至连陶马也好像在打算一定要精忠报国，走进它的身旁，似乎能感爱到轻微的呼吸声……秦兵马俑，在古今中外的雕塑史上是绝无仅有的。它惟妙惟肖地模拟军阵的排列，生动地再现了秦军雄兵百万，战车千乘的宏伟气势，形象地展示了中华民族的强大力量和英雄气慨。

现在我们用一个小时的时间来慢慢观赏。请大家爱护文物，不要乱丢垃圾。谢谢大家的合作。

好了，今天的游程就要结束了。欢迎大家以后有机会再来游览。

介绍秦兵马俑的导游词5

大家好，欢迎各位来到西安的秦兵马俑世界遗产景观。我姓罗，大家可以叫我罗导，请各位跟着我一起进入秦兵马俑内参观。

秦兵马俑是我国珍贵的历史文化遗产，它享誉世界，举世无双。兵马俑是秦始皇的陪葬坑。兵马俑规模宏大，已发掘了三个俑坑，总面积近20xx0平方米，坑内有兵马俑近八千个，大家现在身处的位置就是兵马俑一号俑坑的上面。一号俑坑总面积14260平方米，有六千多个兵马俑。大家站在高处鸟瞰，可以看到坑里的兵马俑，一行行，一列列，排列十分整齐，构成一个行止有序、进退有据、组织严密、固若金汤的军阵编列。

兵马俑不仅规模宏大，而且类型多，个性鲜明。大家仔细看看，那些头戴鹖冠、身披铠甲、手握宝剑的是将军俑，而那些身着铠甲、足登长靴，右手执兵器的就是骑兵俑。看他们神态自若的样子就知道是久经沙场、重任在肩。 这里每个兵马俑都是极为精美的艺术珍品，在古今中外的雕塑史上是绝无仅有的。剩下的时间，各位可以仔细端详，领略一下兵马俑的雄伟气势。

as is known to all, the silk road into xinjiang, south, north is dividedinto three sections, the word. and of every faith scenery lets a person miandthoughtful. therefore, it is the silk road trip to travel.

brief introduction of the first description: xinjiang is located in chinasnorthwest border regions in china, also called, the second-largest pasture,ecological environment. north of continental climate, the winters are long andhard, summer, autumn season and hot chirp is not obvious, relatively strong,solar radiation temperature changes. so remind everybody must pay attention toprevent bask in the night and temperature is too big and prepare appropriateclothes. meanwhile, xinjiang has the advantageous sunshine, light, heat andplanting trees and the crops of thermophilic melon, improve sugar accumulation.so a luscious taste the melon and fruit in xinjiang.

our first stop was the urumqi. it is the farthest from the oceans of theworld cities, capital of xinjiang uygur autonomous region, meaning "beautiful",but also the ranch along. we recommend the attraction is the natural pasture,carefree nanshan pasture flocks, paolo maldini, compose in green grassland,spruce, combining the deep valley, and a 20 meters high, the waterf-all. hereyou can live on the shores of the zhanfang, taste herdsmen nang, dairy products,roast lamb kebabs, zhuafan hand, etc. bake complete sheep is a choice jieyangsurrounding xinjiang, or under the age of two lambs as raw materials, to fatwith flour and entrails, feet, salt water, eggs, pepper, alone powder evenlyinto paste, in the whole body, then add the sheep are soaking pit, nang bakeuntil cooked. baked sheep, golden oil, fragrance waft through the meat,delicious! you can rent a horse galloping on the kazakh nomads, acrothe vastgrassland of the thick forest. also can realize kazak ethnic customs: racingnomads, thanks to the sheep, chasing girls. urumqi seasons all appropriate, eachhave different seasons.

our second station is well known in turpan: its very hot and dry thelowest place. is extremely arid region unique ecological environment and therepresentatives of the oasis civilization. you may have noticed that a foot onthis land, and we are the only dry! the sun is so frankly, the bakingtemperature has reached 50 to 60 degrees celsius, i.e., steaming eggs. you alsodont too boring, let us imagine a pleasant trip to the sauna. first, we went tothe fire, the authors of shanxi, surrounded by the farmhouse here, secludedspot, vines with green, a very cool and refreshing and comfortable come, here isthe "huozhou" summer in heaven. in these grape, as long as the timbrel rang, menand women will be averted dance. believe that everyone heard that song familiar"to", covering your journey has a small talk "uncle"? how does not show guide sonow you for it.

small guide a bit embarrassed, here but dance, unexpectedly township inhere, please everybody to me. now please follow me to visit the shadow ofraisins for washing room. raised my hand against the grapes can be picked youcant decapitation, later will have to taste the free of grapes, let everybodyfan.

to see the city will be kanerjing, it is spots with wall, thebeijing-hangzhou grand canal and called chinas three projects, it is the sourceof life of the local people. because it is in the ground, also very cool andrefreshing and comfortable.

now we came to the tomb asidana - hara and is, there are many rooms vividfresco, lifelike lifelike, still have the "turpan documents", it is the currentinternational academic research foundation of words - turpan. because theclimate is hot dry form natural germ-free environment, so the dead bodies andobjects, although calendar millennium items without corruption, the body is dueto rapid dehydrate and formed the pyramids in egypt mummy "than" also mummifiedcorpses of exotic, some even seems visible eyes eyelash.

now we reached the place, also is the hami melon is executed. two thousandyears ago, here is the han dynasty zhangqian first opened the silk roadfortress, known as "the macroscopic throats, western". as the saying goes, "theeast sea crab hami melons as shrimp," beauty of hami words cant express. silkroad and the grassland culture were also it nurture...

millions of years ago cengfanhua noisy here, all the time, the flowers arecirculation of vast desert mysterious buried. numerous archaeological explorershave again and again into a history to touch, the dust, touch the soul ofhundreds of years ago. loulan ancient site actually is the capital of kingdom ".have luobubo beside the river, clear. after the han and the tarim river waterdiverted, though, because human resource and spent a cross-sectional noteglacier diversion into loulan, but soon, the time of ancient lou-lan and wastewater. from ancient lou-lan died in history!

大家好，我叫王宇轩，今天的老龙头一日游就是我带大家游览。

老龙头就是长城的源头，长城就是从这里开始，是一个著名的旅游景点，今天我来给大家介绍一下。

万里长城就像一条巨龙，所以人们俗称此地为“老龙头”，老龙头位于山海关城南约5公里处，它是万里长城中唯一的一段海中长城。

老龙头呈半岛状伸入海中，墙体沿海岸线自然弯曲延伸，是由石块垒砌而成，分为入海石城、海神庙、南海口、澄海楼、宁海城和滨海长城等七部分。其中入海石城相传为明朝抗倭名将戚继光所筑，高约三丈，有一半位于海平面以下，后来坍塌，现存浸于海水中的花岗岩基石依然可见;澄海楼则是老龙头的最高点，是观海胜地，清朝皇帝康熙、乾隆回奉天祭祖时，曾多次登临此楼，眺海赋诗，其“澄海楼”的额匾为清朝乾隆帝亲笔所书，在东西墙壁之上嵌有清朝皇帝和文人墨客诗作的石碑，楼体为全木质结构，楼内陈列有在老龙头地区出土的文物。

这就是传说中的老龙头，希望大家今天玩的开心。

The tourists, everyone! Welcome to the world heritage - huangshan scenic area. Very glad to be a tour guide! My name is Wang Shishi, everybody call me Wang Dao.

As the saying goes: "its return from mountain, mount huangshan return from yue." Huangshan pines, rocks, sea of clouds, hot spring, snow "five greats" famous Chinese and foreign. Today I will give everyone focuses on huangshan pines.

Everyone see, huangshan pine trees can survive in rock seam, strong vitality. Their shapes, the intricacies of: black tiger, African, come loose loose knot, welcoming pine and so on many pine trees because they shape the name! Guest-greeting pine is one of the famous scenic spot huangshan, appearance is special: its central trunk out of the two lateral branch of up to 7.6 meters exhibition to the front, like a hospitable host, waved his arms, warmly welcome guests from home and abroad to visit huangshan, become the symbol of the Chinese people warm hospitality. Later we can over there to take photos, as a souvenir.

The wonders of huangshan said also said not over, see also not enough. Now, please enjoy to enjoy the beautiful scenery of huangshan!

Please dont throw the peel and in play and food packaging bags, not to a dangerous place.

I wish you all have a good time!

“洞中方一日，世上几千年。”此处说的“洞”传说与庐山三叠泉有关。现在我们要去游览三叠泉，顺便探究一下这句话的来历。

各位游客，在泉瀑轰隆声的引导下，我们终于来到了观瀑亭，闻名遐迩的三叠泉就呈现在我们面前。

请抬头仰望，好像天开了个口子，水从口子里飞流而下，沿峭壁分三级，所以它被称为“三叠泉”，又称“三级泉”。三叠曩布，每叠形态不同，泉水流量各异，但却浑然一体。一叠直垂，水从20多米的簸箕背上一倾而下;二叠弯曲。高约50米，“飘者如雪，断者如雾，缀者如旒(旗子上的翼带)，挂者如帘”;三叠最长最阔，如洪流倾出，浩浩荡荡，巨响如雷，最后似玉龙直入潭中，激起波涛汹涌，浪花四溅。整个瀑布的落差为155米。水流疾驰飞泻，气势格外恢弘。如果是深秋隆冬时节至此，可见弱水如丝帘风烟的景象。其实这里的景象随着季节和雨水的多寡而变化，一年四季各有千秋。

三叠泉位于五老峰第五峰北部末端与铁壁峰之间的旋涡状的悬崖峭壁之中，汇聚了大月山、五老峰诸水，从五老峰的北崖口流出，经过三级大盘石，飞落而下。可能有游客会问，为什么这里能形成三级大盘石呢?这又是第四纪冰川的遗迹，冰川在移动过程中，巨大的转折功能使得地质断层被切割成阶梯，形成所谓“冰阶”，泉水就是被这些“冰阶”所折叠。

西安大清真寺英文导游词

陕西西安大清真寺英文导游词怎么写？跟着小编来看看下面的范文，说不定能帮到你们哦~

陕西西安大清真寺英文导游词

The Mosque is a major spot for religious activities of over 60.000 Moslems in Xi’an, likewise, an important cultural relic protected by the Provincial People’s Government. Unlike the Arabic mosques, with splendid domes, the minarets reaching into the clouds, the coulourful engraved sketches with dazzling patterns, the Mosque here in Xi’an possesses much Chinese traditional touch in both its design and artistic outlook; besides the style peculiar to Islamic mosques, this Mosque also holds characteristics of Chinese pavilions with painted beams and engraved ridgepoles.

However, any further discussion about the Mosque will be futile unless anything of the introduction of Islam into China is brought up.

Islam as a religious order was founded in the early period of the 7th century A.D. and was introduced to China in the mid-600s. At that time, Arabian merchants and travelers came to the northwest of China by way of Persia and Afghanistan and thus established diplomatic, trade, and military contacts with China. In the meantime, another route saw a batch of sea voyagers through Bangladesh Bay and the Malacca Strait to China’s Guangzhou, Quanzhou, Huangzhou, Yangzhou and other cities where many of them settled down and married the local women who later gave birth to babies who then became Moslems.

However, massive immigration of the Moslems to China did not take place until as late as the early period of the 13th century, when Genghis Khan, as a result of his expedition against the west, had conquered vast expanses of land stretching from Central Asia to Eastern Europe, including the north of Iran. Many of the Moslems in the conquered areas were thus forced to enlist and later settled in China.

Among the enlisted many were soldiers, and some were smiths and officials who were called the Hui people in the history books on the Yuan dynasty. The Hui people later followed Kublai Khan down to the south, helping him unifying China and then establish the Yuan dynasty. In the wake of the conquest, Islam spread all over China and mosques began to appear everywhere. In the Yuan dynasty, many Moslems held positions both in the military and civilian organs of the country. And a lot of the Moslems took part in Zhu Yuanzhang’s uprising in the early 14th century and made great contributions to the founding of the Ming Dynasty. Therefore, all the emperors of the Dynasty issued mandates to protect Islam, and to set up mosques in praise of the Moslems for their feats. In the early 16th century, Islam predominated Qinghai on the minority nationalities including the Huis, the Uygurs, the Kazaks, the Kirgizes, the Tajiks, the Tartars, the Ozbeks, the Dong Xiangs, the Salars and the Bonans. The Moslems in Xi’an are mainly the Huis, being a small portion out of the ten million in China.

The Mosque at Hua Jue Lane is the largest in Xi’an, and at the same time, it is also one of the earliest built on a comparatively large scale, and well preserved mosques in China.

According to the Stele on the Building of the Mosque”, the mosque is said to be built in the Tang Dynasty. However, the architectural style of the mosque suggests a possible building dating back to the Ming Dynasty. The four courtyards of the mosque cover an area of more than 12,000 square meters, out of which about 4,000 are occupied by various structures. The still intact wooden front memorial gateway of the front yard, built at the turn of the 17th century, with glazed tiles on the top, spectacular corners and upturned eaves, is about 9 metres high, and has a history of about 360 years. The stone memorial gateway in the center of the second courtyard is flanked with a tail stele on either side with dragons carved on each, recording the repair work ever since the building of the Mosque. On the back of one of the steles are engraved characters by the master calligrapher Mi Fu, May Buddhism Fill the Universe”, on the other, Royal -Bestowed”by Dong Qichang, another master of the same art of the Ming dynasty. They are treasures in Chinese calligraphy. At the entrance of the third courtyard is an imperial built hall, where a month tablet”, showing the calculation of the Hui Calendars in Arabic, is stored. It was compiled by a man in charge of the mosque called Xiao Mining in the early period of the Qing dynasty. A three –storeyed octagonal wooden structure called Retrospection Tower”also stands in the center of the courtyard, which has the same function as the minaret in Islamic temples in Arabic countries, and which is a place from where orders were sent to call the Moslems to come to worship. Respectively, on the south and north wings of the tower, are a reception chamber and a Scripture Chamber, both elegantly laid out. The five wooden houses, which are called Water Houses”in the southwest section of the Mosque are the place where the believers bathe themselves before they attend their services. And in side the fourth courtyard there is a structure called the Pavilion of Phoenix”, a place where the worshipers used to wait for the services. The Pavilion, in fact, is a compound structure of three small buildings. The six-gabled structure of the central part, adjoining the two three-gabled buildings on each side looks very much like a flying phoenix, and hence its name. Just at the back of the Pavilion, there is a fishpond, beyond which is a platform occupying an area as large as 700 m2. Across both ends of the platform stands the 1,300 square metered service hall, holding over a thousand worshipers at once. There are over six hundred sunk panels well as the sunk panels, are decorated with patterns of painted trailing plants and Arabic letterings. The imam leads his group of worshipers, while facing in the direction of Mecca, to chant in Koran and to pay their religious homage.

The Moslems in China share very much the same customs with their brothers and sisters elsewhere in the world. They worship five times a day: at dawn, at noon, in the afternoon, at dusk, and at night. Female worshipers attend their services in a separated place from their brothers, usually at home. Moslems pay special attention to their health and see that they always wear clean clothes. They are teetotalers not only of wine, but also of pork and animal blood for in Koran pigs have been mentioned four times as being unclean”. According to Koran, a man can have four wives and women should wear veils when they go out. However, except a few places in Xinjiang, the Chinese practise monogamy and women are veiless when they go out. Upon his death, a Moslem has to be thoroughly cleaned”(thoroughly bathed), has to be put on Ke Fan”(to be shrouded with a piece of white cloth) and has to be buried coffinless in the ground, with an imam reciting Scriptures at the funeral.

The Chinese constitution promulgates that freedom of religion of each citizen and freedom of preserving or reforming local customs for every nationality are permitted. And of course, the Moslems in China enjoy equal rights with peoples of other nationalities and their religious beliefs and customs are respected everywhere in the country.

陕西西安大清真寺英文导游词

Huaqing Pool is situated about 35 kilometres east of the city of Xi’an. Historically, the Western Zhou dynasty saw the construction of the Li Palace on the spot. In the Qin dynasty a pool was built with stones, and was given the name Lishan Tang (the Lishan Hot Spring). The site was extended into a palace in the Han dynasty, and renamed the Li Palace (the Resort Palace). In the Tang dynasty, Li Shimin (Emperor Tai Zong) ordered to construct the Hot Spring Palace, and Emperor Xuan Zong had a walled palace built around Lishan Mountain in the year of 747. It was known as the Huaqing Palace. It also had the name Huaqing Pool on account of its location on the hot springs.

Huaqing Pool is located at the foot of the Lishan Mountain, a branch range of the Qinling Ranges, and stands 1,256 metres high. It is covered with pines and cypresses, looking very much like a like a dark green galloping horse from a long distance. So it has the name of the Lishan Mountain (Li means a black horse).

The Tang dynasty Emperor Xuan Zong and his favourite lady, Yang Gui Fei used to make their home at Frost Drifting Hall in winter days. When winter came, snowflakes were floating in the air, and everything in sight was white. However, they came into thaw immediately in front of the hall. It owed a great deal to the luke warm vapour rising out of the hot spring. This is the Frost Drifting Hall that greets us today.

Close by the Frost Drifting Hall lies the Nine Dragon Pool. According to legend, the Central Shaanxi Plain was once stricken by a severe drought in the very remote past. Thus, by the order of the Jade Emperor (the Supreme Deity of Heaven), an old dragon came at the head of eight young ones, and made rain here. Yet when the disaster was just abating, they lowered their guard so much that it became serious again. In a fit of anger, the Jade Emperor kept the young dragons under the Jade Cause Way (玉堤), with the Morning Glow Pavilion and the Sunset Pavilion built at both ends of it respectively, to make the young dragons spout cleat water all day long to meet the needs of local irrigation. Besides, he had the old dragon confined to the bottom of the Roaring Dragon Waterside Pavilion situated at the upper end of the Jade Causeway, and obliged him to exercise control over the young.

The Nine-Bend Corridor west of the Nine Dragon Pool leads directly to the Marble Boat, which resembles a dragon boat on the water surface. In the Marble Boat lies the Nine Dragon Tang (the Nine Dragon Hot Spring where Emperor Xuan Zong used to take baths). At the head of his court ladies and hundreds of his officials, he would come to the Huanqing Palace to spend his winter days in October of the Lunar calendar and return to Chang’an City as the year drew to its close. The Nine Dragon Hot Spring was originally built with crystal jade, whose surface was decorated with the carvings of fish, dragons, birds and flowers. In it twin lotus flowers also carved with white jade could be seen as well. The spring water welled from the break of an earthen jar, and spouted up to the lotus flowers. Hence the name Lotus Flower Tang (the Lotus Flower Hot Spring).

The Gui Fei Bathing Pool was where Yang Gui Fei, Emperor Xuan Zong’s favorite lady, used to take bath. It was originally built with white jade, and in its center a blooming flower spouted water like a spring. The pool looked very much like a Chinese flowering crabapple; Hence its name the Chinese Flowering Crabapple Hot Spring or the Lotus Hot Spring..

Lady Yang used to make a stay in this pavilion to see sights or to air her hair after a bath. Therefore, it was named the Hair Airing Pavilion. Whether the sun was rising or setting, the pavilion was aglow with sunshine; hence the name the Flying Roseate Pavilion.

Southwest of the Gui Fei Bathing Pool stands a brick-built pavilion. On its head three big Chinese characters Xi Jia Lou” (Fine Sunset-Bathed Pavilion)are inscribed according to the model of the most celebrated according to the model of the most celebrated Chinese calligrapher, Yu You Ren, here is the source of the spring water.

At this spa there are four hot springs. They have an hourly flow of 112 tons, and a constant temperature of 43°C. The spring water contains lime, sodium carbonate, sodium sulphate and other minerals, which makes it suitable for bathing and considerable treatment of quite a few diseases such as dermatosis, rheumatism, arthritis and muscular pain. The Fine Sunset-Bathed Pavilion marks the first source of the spring water, which was discovered some 3,000 years ago, roughly in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Its water flow averages 25 tons per hour.

Take up the steps east of the source of hot springs, you will gradually see the Five-Room Pavilion where Chiang Kaishek made a temporary stay during the Xi’an Incident.

The Xi’an Incident took place on December 12, 1936, and it is also known as the Double Twelfth Incident. After the Incident of September 18, 1936, the Japanese imperialists seized the three provinces northeast of China, and intensified their invasion of North China. This was the very moment vital to the Chinese nation. Yet Chiang Kaichek persisted doggedly in carrying out his reactionary policy domestic tranquility is a must for the resistance against Japanese invades,” and commanded the Northeast Army and Northwest Army, respectively headed by Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng, to attack the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region. Inspired by our Party’s policy let us stop the internal war and unit to resist the Japanese aggressors,” those two generals made to Chiang Kaishek the proposal of forming a united front with the Communist Party for the resistance. Not only did he reject the proposal, but flew to Xi’an to scheme the suppression of the Communist Party.” And the slaughter of the patriotic youth. Out of patriotism, Zhang and Yang started the famous Xi’an Incident.

Very early on the morning of December 12, 1936 the Incident was impending. Zhang Xueliang, together with Yang Hucheng ordered a squad of bodyguards to surround the Huaqing Pool. They fought a fierce battle there, and wiped out Chiang’s bodyguards in one vigorous effort. The sound of firing came to Chiang Kaishek, and he was so terrified that he crept out of the window with his nightgown and slippers only. What’s more, he hurt his spinal bone, and lost one of his slippers while crossing over the back wall. He staggered up Lishan Mountain, and hid himself behind a stone in the crevice halfway on it. Those brave soldiers began to search the mountain immediately when they rushed into the Five-Room Pavilion to find that Chiang’s hat and clothes were still there and that his quilt remained warm. In the end they found Chiang Kaishek, and thus escorted him to Xi’an.

In order to avoid a civil war and try t establish a national united front for the resistance against Japan, Mao Zedong on behalf of the C.C.P.C. insisted on a peaceful settlement of the Incident. Therefore, a delegation headed by Zhou Enlai was sent to Xi’an. Zhou Enlai and his suite did a large amount of work there, took everything possible into consideration, and ultimately forced Chiang Kaishek to accept the proposal by his two generals. On December 25, Chiang was freed, and flew back to Nanjing. The Xi’an Incident was so peacefully settled.

The peaceful settlement of the Incident put an end to the internal war which had lasted for ten years, and accelerated the formation and development of the national united front for the anti-Japanese drive. Moreover, it showed that the co-operative relationships between the Communist and Nationalists arrived at a new stage. It marked a great turning point in modern Chinese history.

In the year of 1946 the KMT government had a National Rejuvenation Pavilion” built near the crevice where Chiang Kaishek had hidden himself in the Incident. It was also called Vital Energy Pavilion”. After the national liberation it was renamed Catching Chiang Pavilion”. Close by the pavilion stands a wooden board which carries a brief introduction to the Xi’an Incident. Iron chains and rings in the crevices east of the pavilion, by which visitors can climb up to take a look at Chiang Kaishek’s shelter.

Up the winding path east of the Five-Room-Pavilion you will catch sight of a bridge-like construction. It shines regularly with a myriad of evening sun rays both in summer and autumn, and looks very much like rainbow. So it has the name of the Hovering Rainbow Bridge.

Located on the Xixiu Ridge (the West Embroidery Ridge) of the Lishan Mountain, the remains of the beacon tower of the Western Zhou Dynasty seem easy to identify.

The beacon tower was mostly built at the top of the mountain to give border alarm in ancient times. It was constantly under special control. Once the enemies were pressing on towards the border, the beacon tower began to take effect: it was made to smoke in the daytime while set on fire at night.

The story goes that Bao Si, Queen of the Western Zhou dynasty was highly honored, yet she never cracked a smile. King You tried many ways to put a smile on her face, but he failed over and over again. He called his court band to toll bells and beat gongs”, and she pulled a long face. Then the band were asked to play the bamboo flute and strings” and she remained displeased. Afterwards, maids of honour served wine, festively singing and dancing,” and she did not let out a smile at all.

You don’t like music! What on earth are you fond of?” the King asked.

I nearly have a liking for nothing. But I can still well remember I liked to give ear to the sound of tearing a piece of coloured silk when I was a child. It was clear anf melodious,” she replied. King You said in excitement, That is very simple. How come you didn’t let me know it earlier?”

Thus he ordered the officially appointed property manager to offer coloured silk, and made fresh and energetic maids of honour to tear it into pieces. Hundreds of bolts of coloured silk were utterly torn, but Bao Si remained unmoved.

Why didn’t you let out a single smile then?” he asked.

I have never smiled so far, ” the Queen replied.

The King tried over and over again, but failed repeatedly, and in the end he gave orders, Anyone both in and out of court who can amuse Bao Si will be awarded one thousand pieces of gold.”

Afterwards Guo Shifu, a treacherous court official came and offered advice: Set the beacon tower on fire and fool your sovereign rulers.” That night the King and Queen reached the Lishan Mountain by carriage, and gave the order. In the split second the flames of the fire lit up the sky ad the sovereign rulers moved their troops immediately to the Lishan Mountain. There they found nothing but that the King and Queen enjoyed drinking festively. The King then dispatched his bodyguard to inform them that Everything should have been all right. I have just been joking with you.” When they got this, they looked at each other in blank dismay, and left disappointed. Sure enough, Bao Si burst into laughter, stroking her hands when she noticed all the troops come in vain and go noisily. Accordingly, Guo Shifu got a prize of one thousand pieces of gold. Later on King You did so more often than not. In 771 B.C. Quan Rong (a then minority tribe) staged an armed rebellion against the Western Zhou Dynasty. King You ordered urgently to set the beacon tower on fire, but all the sovereign rulers remained unmoved. Consequently King Yu was killed, and Bao Si was taken away. The Western Zhou dynasty vanished. Herein come the Chinese idiom A single smile costs one thousand pieces of gold” and The sovereign rulers are fooled by the beacon fire.”

山有多高，水有多高。是人们对玉水山寨的形容。到过玉水山寨的人也都会这样觉得。玉水寨景区位于玉龙雪山南麓、丽江城北十余公里，是丽江坝的主要水源地之一。整个景区东、西、北三面，是常年郁郁葱葱的青松山林，南面朝丽江坝子倾斜，景区北端一道山崖下，两株被列入云南古树名录的千年古树，枝叶繁茂，双树成林。古树下一股流量为每秒0.5立方米的清泉喷涌而出，带着水花向南流，注满一个又一个玉水潭，形成三叠水瀑布群。玉水潭内饲养着贵族鱼——虹鳟鱼和金鳟鱼，既能观赏鱼水欢谐的情景，也能供游客品垂钓之乐并一饱口福。

美丽的玉水山寨就在那县城北面的玉龙雪山麓。宽敞的柏油大道，一伸出市区，尘嚣和烦喧便远离人而去了。美丽的雪山就离人越来越近，只有咫尺之遥了。玉水寨的南面，雄峻的山岭如同贴上一幅绿色的山水画，叠翠泼绿，都是常绿针叶林，向北面望去，云遮雾绕的地方现出了晶亮的白雪，在阳光底下熠熠闪耀。低头向潭中望，是团团飘动的美丽白云，也见到了鸟翼振翅的影子。

向不远处的坎下鸟瞰，在苍茫的氤氲之中，一条如线般的柏油路穿过坝子中心，蚂蚁般的车子在路上疾驶，除了风声，听不到任何声音，万籁自然和谐，一切皆在图画中。让游人驻足依恋的还有那稀有名贵的红鳟鱼，到了这里，红鳟鱼的稀有名贵亦不算什么了，这种贵族鱼，成群结对，麇集在潭边自由自在地游弋，游人伸手去捞，鱼到手上，立刻重重一摆就跃入水中，溅得人一身水花。这些鱼黑背红腹，颇通人性，人到潭边，它们一摇一摆，憨态可掬地游到人的身边，面对黑压压的数千数万条的鱼儿，端详它们的姿态，水中尤物的性情能尽情领略。人们还可以垂钓，钓上一条八九斤重的大鱼就在当地的餐馆里烹饪，名贵美味就让人有下次还要来的心理了。

玉水寨是丽江纳西文化，东巴文化的传承基地，是为纳西文化集粹之地，两位70多岁的老东巴为教师领头，在玉水寨景区，以省社会科学院东巴文化研究所编辑出版的100卷东巴古籍文献作为为基本教材，招收一批热爱东巴文化的年轻人，培养新一代东巴。为了搞好东巴文化的传承，在硬件上建设了展示东巴生活的民居，建设了开展祭仪的东巴什罗殿、祭天、祭署(自然神)、祭风等场所。对广大游客而言，文化传承活动本身就是展演，就是“看点”。玉水寨景区还建成一个东巴文物展览厅，正在布置把多年搜集起来的东巴文物展览出来，供游客参观。展示古老造纸法的东巴纸造纸坊;有展示古老酿酒法的东巴酒酿酒坊;有展示古老织布法的织布机;有大量传统生产生活用品展示，古代纳西族生产生活展示。古老酿酒法的酿酒罐等等展示。

玉水寨景区有30人的纳西传统歌舞展演队，以保留纳西族原汁原味的代表性传统歌舞为指导思想，搜集、整理、排练出三十多个歌舞节目，为游客演出。包含了纳西古乐《北石细哩》(《白沙细乐》)、原始歌舞《仁美蹉》、《喂蒙达》、《谷器》、《呀哈里》等代表性歌舞节目。玉水寨以自然景观和人文景观交相辉映，融为一体，形成天人合一的生态文化旅游景区。“看遗产到古城，看风景到玉龙雪山，看纳西文化到玉水寨”，已成为丽江旅游对外宣传的指导思想

天台山是名扬天下的唐诗之路的目的地。在唐代，以李白为首的400多位诗人，从扬州出发，沿着运河，经杭州钱塘江，过曹娥江，由剡溪溯流而上，到天台的石梁飞瀑，直登天台山主峰华顶。

寒山子隐居地

寒山子，隐居天台70余年，在美国被称“跨掉一代”的鼻祖和“嬉皮士”心目中的英雄，成为风糜几个世纪的世界“寒山热”。他留下300多首诗，录入《寒山子诗集》。

和合文化发源地

寒山、拾得被雍正皇帝称封为“和合二圣”，在民间称为“和合二仙”。这里就成为了和合文化的发源地。其中尤以寒山问拾得而著称于世。寒山问拾得：“世间有人谤我、欺我、辱我、笑我、轻我、贱我、骗我，如何处治乎?拾得曰：只要忍他、让他、避他、由他、耐他、敬他、不要理他，再过几年你且看他”。

刘阮遇仙地

刘晨、阮肇入天台山采药遇仙女结为伉俪的故事，在南朝刘义庆写的素有“中国志怪小说”之经典的《搜神记》?《幽明录》中有记载，这个故事成为中国三大爱情故事之一。他们所采之药就是素有“长生不老药”之称的天台乌药。而唐朝的刘三姐就是天台刘晨的后裔。

王乔升天地

西周周灵王太子晋，即王乔，弃官从道，在天台跨鹤升天，封为右弼真人，治理金庭洞天。天台山寺观普遍供奉他为山神土地。唐时，传至日本，形成“山王——实神道”，在朝野中具有至高无上的地位。

道教南宗发祥地

北宋，天台人张伯端从道专研，著《悟真篇》，创立中国道教南宗，被称为紫阳真人。其丹经地位超出魏伯阳的《周易参同契》，有“千古丹经之祖”之誉。祖庭在桐柏宫。

天台仙派发源地

唐代高道司马承祯，在天台隐居40多年，开创道教天台仙派。武则天、唐睿宗、玄宗先后四次迎请至宫中问道。李白也是因探望挚友司马承祯来天台的，并留下大量诗文，成了“唐诗之路”的开拓者。