昆明导游词英文介绍（20篇）

5篇介绍广东罗浮山的导游词范文

罗浮山是国家级风景名胜区和国家AAAAA级旅游景区，它雄峙于岭南中南部，坐临南海大亚湾，毗邻惠州西湖。汉代司马迁曰：“罗浮汉佐命南岳，天下十山之一”。被道教尊为天下第七大洞天、三十四福地，被佛教称为罗浮第一禅林。下面是小编收集整理的5篇介绍广东罗浮山的导游词范文，欢迎借鉴参考。

5篇介绍广东罗浮山的导游词范文(一)

罗浮山，物华天宝，人杰地灵，具有得天独厚的资源和区位优势。她，山清水秀，道佛相容;洞天奇观，涌泉飞瀑随处可见。山势雄伟壮丽，自然风光旖旎。古迹繁多，寺观遍立，历代名人咏题佳作不胜枚举，自然景观和人文景观融为一体;旅游资源的开发极具潜力。

罗浮山，享有“岭南第一山”之称。广汕公路穿越其境。她方园260多平方公里是中国十大名山之一。它又是我国道教名山，道教称它为第七洞天，第三十四福地。它与南海县境内的西樵山为姐妹名山，故又有东樵山之称。

罗浮山地处粤东“旅游休闲走廊”的中心地段;是构成‘广州一香港一惠州”旅游金三角的支掌型景区和代表景区。整个罗浮山由朱明洞、黄龙观、酥醪、飞云顶四大景区组成;罗浮净土园林是黄龙观景区内新开发的旅游景点。它西连发达的城市群，南接港澳与东南亚，东邻90年代兴起的大惠州，与广州、深圳、惠州、香港的距离最远不超过130公里;交通极为便利。罗浮山以广大、奇峭、峻拔称雄;以飞瀑.流泉、密林、清秀称幽。她共有大小山峰432座.飞瀑名泉980多处、洞天奇景18处、石室幽岩72个。主峰飞云顶，海拔1296米，峰顶盘圆平坦，花草并茂，云雾缭绕，日出的瑰丽可与泰山媲美。每年重阳节;登高观日出者有数十万之众;蔚为壮观。

飞瀑名泉、洞天奇景是罗浮山自然天成之杰作代表。山山有瀑，处处流泉。白石滩飞瀑从87米高的悬崖倾泻，浓雾遮天，阳光下彩虹耀眼;瑰丽壮观。身处岩下，’‘夏暑不知逢六月”。白水门瀑布跌宕千尺响如霄，闻之骨寒;水帘洞瀑布“天上珠帘直下垂”;黄龙洞瀑布“飞作满天风雨声”。名山多聚泉、古刹具神水。冲虚观内的“长生井”，宝积寺后的“卓锡泉”、酥醪观旁的“酿泉”并称罗浮三大名泉，水丰不竭;甘甜清冽;能与西樵的无叶井齐名，和杭州的虎跑泉并列。罗浮山仙洞密布、大洞十八、小洞数百。这洞，乃道教之谓洞天，每个洞天都是由几座山环抱而成的小天地。洞中清静幽秀，其间泉水淙淙，古木森森。

罗浮山地处北回归线，属亚热带气候，雨量充沛，适宜多种植物生长。有植物3000多种.其中1200多种为药用植物，是个天然的中草药库。广东过去四大市场之一的药市就设在罗浮山冲虚古观在则，称洞天药市。土特产酥醪莱、云雾甜茶和四时佳果则别具风味。苏东坡的“罗浮山下四时春，卢桔杨梅次第新.日啖荔枝三百颗，不辞长作岭南人”是最好的写照。

罗浮山除去绮丽壮观的自然风光之外;诸多的神话、传奇、古迹以及道佛两教竟相繁衍的盛况;为其披上一层神秘的面纱，素有“神仙洞府”之称。从东晋葛洪来此建庵，修道炼丹，著画立说，开创为岭南的道教圣地;到唐代道佛(教)共处，道士僧人齐集如云;有“五百花首游罗浮”之盛会。山上寺观遍立，有九观十八寺之多。

5篇介绍广东罗浮山的导游词范文(二)

罗浮山景区为省级风景名胜区位于绵阳市安县境内，由罗浮山、白水湖、龙泉砾宫3部分组成，面积67平方公里，距绵阳市区80公里。罗浮山著名的景点有罗浮山、汶江石林、七贤柏、飞鸣禅院等。罗浮山山势险峻，自东到西十二奇峰依次排列，穿云破雾，峰势峥嵘，有“连峰去天不盈尺”之誉。

锦屏十二峰下有古羌王城遗址。古刹“飞鸣禅院”创建于唐代，古朴雄伟，香烟缭绕，是附近香客朝拜之地。汶江石林是由砾状石灰岩形成的千姿百态、风动欲坠的石林奇观。七贤柏为一柏七株，是全国第二大古柏。罗浮山植被葱郁，林海苍茫，风景优美。白水湖北靠山岭，面向平原，湖面幽静，湖水清澈，湖内23个岛屿星罗棋布，各具特色。

岛上林木繁茂，藤萝缠绕，鸟鸣雀欢。湖岸曲折幽深，港湾遍布。野鸭、鹭鸶、鸳鸯等水鸟成群结队，嬉游湖中。龙泉砾宫为罕见的特殊地质构造奇观，是四川省最大的砾岩洞穴。洞内分布着奇特的大型空间，厅堂曲廊，暗河深涧，幽深曲折，神秘奇特。景区内还有世界罕见的、保存完整的两亿年前三叠纪海绵生物礁带，是难得的地质景观。

5篇介绍广东罗浮山的导游词范文(三)

省级风景名胜区罗浮山，面积约3平方公里。常年水汽升腾，云雾缭绕，又名浮山。山势陡峭，为砾岩构造，具有喀斯特地貌特征，秀美壮丽，姿态万千。十二峰拔地而起，突兀险峻，石、岩、洞、谷、关，遍布其间，集雄、奇、幽、秀于一身。景观随视角而变化，大有“横看成岭侧成峰”之感，极具有美学观赏价值。林荫蔽日，清幽叠翠，气候宜人，是休闲避暑的胜地，素有“罗浮叠翠”，“安县八景”的美誉。

前山佛教飞鸣禅院，后山道教玉清、天仙而观，历史悠久，香客云集，是朝山拜庙，感受宗教文化的最佳场所。山上有羌族城寨遗址多处，并遗存五百多年前羌族与明王朝交兵的古战场---“羌王城”。太乙洞及竖洞是全国独特的景观。罗浮山集自然资源和人文资源与一处，是川西旅游的一颗璀璨明珠。

神奇的医疗矿水一一罗浮山温泉

罗浮山温泉位于绵阳市安县桑枣镇罗浮山东麓，温泉水产于1500--20xx米井下，储量丰富，品质优良，出口水温45.5度。20xx年7月通过省级鉴定，被命名为含碘、偏硅酸的镭、理、氟、锶、偏硼酸、硫化氢高温医疗热矿水。由于热矿水中含有大量对人体有益的化合物和微量元素，因此具有极高的洗浴、保健、医疗等综合开发利用价值。经临床实践，罗浮山温泉已显示出她所具有的医疗保健功效：舒筋活血、促进血液循环、促进新陈代谢、促进交感神经兴奋、灭菌、杀虫、软化溶解角质、护肤养颜。惊动京、蜀两地的“树皮娃娃”浴疗七天，出现“脱皮”奇迹的 真实故事更增加了她的神秘色彩。自1999年6月24日出水至今，温泉沐浴者已达数万人次，香港亚洲小姐娄茜妮、著名影星岳红、笑星沈伐也曾先后莅临此地。罗浮山温泉神奇的医疗保健功效早已广为流传，被誉为“浮山圣水，人间一绝”!

5篇介绍广东罗浮山的导游词范文(四)

大家好!我是你们的导游唐佳慧，你们可以叫我“唐导游”，今天我们来到罗浮山这名胜风景区。

来到入口，是一口小池和一口大鲤鱼池，还有一个小凉亭，供大家休息。小池里也养着各种各样的鲤鱼，大鲤鱼池上有一排排搭石，是要去到河对岸的“桥路”，走到对岸，再向前走，就是会仙桥了，据说曾经有仙子在上面相会呢!还有个小故事：警幻仙姑与各仙女们下凡游玩，没想到偶见织女，织女迎上来：“姐姐近来可否是好?”警幻仙姑笑道：“妹妹真是越发懂礼，你好，我便心安，也会好。”两姐妹又说了几句，便相背而行。没过多久，警幻仙姑与织女又在一座小桥上相见，这个故事被大家流传开来，于是，将桥取名会仙桥。大家是不是被故事吸引住了呢?

我们再来到元帅楼，这个地方曾是元帅：陈毅、朱德等住过的地方，据说：陈毅、朱德等元帅在战争中身受重伤，人们为元帅们建起了一座小房子，家具一应俱全，专供元帅们休息养伤，供他们这些英勇的元帅吃喝。

乘坐空中缆车，在空中鸟瞰，景色大半收尽眼底：远处豪华的别墅区，下方一棵又一棵的百岁古树，还有那陡峭的美丽山峰……这些都是大自然的赠品。(除别墅区和各别建筑)

以上就是我们这次导游的全部内容，我们下一次再见!拜拜!

5篇介绍广东罗浮山的导游词范文(五)

广东博罗的罗浮山，是罗山与浮山的合体，在博罗县西北境内东江之滨，距博罗县城35公里。西北分别与增城、龙门接壤，方圆260多平方公里。向来称为百粤群山之祖。《后汉书·地理志》刘昭注：“有浮山自会稽浮往傅罗山”。《太平御览》引南朝宋怀远《南越志》云：“此山本名蓬莱山，一峰在海中与罗山合而为一”。袁宏《山记》称：“罗山自古有之。浮山本蓬莱之一峰，尧时洪水泛海浮来傅于罗山”。这些都是罗浮山得名的传说。

罗浮山山区广大，峻拔奇峭，是7000万年前中生代侏罗纪和白垩纪时燕山运动形成的。大量花岗岩侵入，挤压地壳使地层褶皱形成穹窿构造山地。主峰飞云顶是花岗岩山体，屹立于珠江三角洲边缘;南来的海风与北来的气流在此交汇，常年云雾缭绕。1408～1420xx年(明永乐年间)东莞陈琏所撰《罗浮山志》云：“晨起见烟云在山下，众山露峰尖如在大海中，云气往来，山若移动，天下奇观也。”这种情景与《史记·封禅书》对蓬莱的描述：“三神山未至，望之如云;及至，反居水下;临之，风辄引去。”有相似之处，这或许是“蓬岛浮来傅于罗山”的传说之所本。

罗浮山由不透水的花岗岩地层组成，山体切割程度大，大小432座山峰，峭壁危崖，980多道瀑布流泉，“山山瀑布，处处流泉”。尤以白石漓、白水门、黄龙洞3处瀑布为著。罗浮山地下水也很丰富，从岩层深处喷涌而出的矿泉水如长生井、卓锡泉，都是上乘的名泉，现已开发的出露于罗浮山断裂带北侧的矿泉水，是含锌的健康饮料。

罗浮山地处北回归线，属南亚热带气候区。高温、多雨、土层厚，形成南亚热带的天然植物园。常绿乔木与阔叶林和众多的藤本、草本等植物，计有3000多种，其中中草药即有1240种。山中盛产柑、橙、桔、柚、龙眼、荔枝。713～741年(唐开元间)，山僧即以柑甜味美的柑子作为贡品，并被皇帝命名为御园柑。北宋苏东坡被贬岭南，满腹惆怅伤感。但在安置惠州来游罗浮之后，却爱上了“四时春”的罗浮，在“芦桔杨梅次第新，日啖荔枝三百颗”的生活中，“不辞长作岭南人”了。罗浮山的森林动物资源也很丰富。已知的有名贵的飞禽五色雀等40多种。有睡猪等走兽36种和爬行类、鱼类15种，其中蚺(蟒)蛇曾是唐时贡品。还有昆虫类70多种，被称为“小凤凰”、“浑身披五采，光散金芙蓉”的蝴蝶尤为珍贵。罗浮山为南药基地。在宋代广东有珠、香、花、药四大市场。屈大均《广东新语》记载：“粤中有四市：一曰药市，在罗浮山冲虚观左，亦曰洞天药市。”(其余三市为广州芳村花市、合浦廉州卖鱼桥珍珠市和东莞寮步沉香集市)“罗浮生百草棵棵有奇效”的百草油，远销国内外。

西樵山风景名胜区位于广东省佛山市南海区西南部，面积约十四平方公里，西樵山有七十二峰，以山青，水奇著称，享有“岭南佳境”之盛名。1988年被定为国家重点风景名胜区。

西樵山是七八千万年前由海底火山喷发岩浆，岩状，火山灰后形成的死火山，山体外陡内平，状若莲衣复合，大秤峰居群峰之首，九龙岩，冬菇石，石燕石等峰岩形态万千。西樵山岩石节理发育，裂隙纵横，富有潜水，形成多处水景，有232口泉眼，28处瀑布。“欲览西樵胜，应先访白云”。位于西樵山西北部的白云洞为——马蹄形山谷，它兼收岩泉飞瀑之美，有“胜甲西樵”之称。三峰之间有两飞泉左右迂回而下，称“大云泉”、“小云泉”。泉水折叠汇成了三个湖，即所谓“白云飞下过三湖”：上为“应潮湖”，中为“鉴湖”，下为“会龙湖”。现在其下又增辟“白云”、“人工”两湖，形成五湖飞瀑交辉，亭台山水相映的奇泉。洞山腰的云泉仙馆原是明代的玉楼书院，云泉仙馆西的“三湖书院”门额为林则徐所题，康有为青年时代曾在此面壁苦读三年，山西南部有西天湖和左垂虹瀑，右垂虹瀑等景;山东南部有清暑岩，云岩飞瀑等景，山东北部有全山最大的瀑布玉岩飞瀑，以及玉岩，仙人石，东天湖等景。

早在新、旧石器时代，西樵山就有人类活动，留下许多历史遗迹，史学界称为“西樵山文化”。明代中叶成为南国理学名山，至今还保存着白云古寺，以及大量摩崖石刻等文物古迹。

山有多高，水有多高。是人们对玉水山寨的形容。到过玉水山寨的人也都会这样觉得。玉水寨景区位于玉龙雪山南麓、丽江城北十余公里，是丽江坝的主要水源地之一。整个景区东、西、北三面，是常年郁郁葱葱的青松山林，南面朝丽江坝子倾斜，景区北端一道山崖下，两株被列入云南古树名录的千年古树，枝叶繁茂，双树成林。古树下一股流量为每秒0.5立方米的清泉喷涌而出，带着水花向南流，注满一个又一个玉水潭，形成三叠水瀑布群。玉水潭内饲养着贵族鱼——虹鳟鱼和金鳟鱼，既能观赏鱼水欢谐的情景，也能供游客品垂钓之乐并一饱口福。

美丽的玉水山寨就在那县城北面的玉龙雪山麓。宽敞的柏油大道，一伸出市区，尘嚣和烦喧便远离人而去了。美丽的雪山就离人越来越近，只有咫尺之遥了。玉水寨的南面，雄峻的山岭如同贴上一幅绿色的山水画，叠翠泼绿，都是常绿针叶林，向北面望去，云遮雾绕的地方现出了晶亮的白雪，在阳光底下熠熠闪耀。低头向潭中望，是团团飘动的美丽白云，也见到了鸟翼振翅的影子。

向不远处的坎下鸟瞰，在苍茫的氤氲之中，一条如线般的柏油路穿过坝子中心，蚂蚁般的车子在路上疾驶，除了风声，听不到任何声音，万籁自然和谐，一切皆在图画中。让游人驻足依恋的还有那稀有名贵的红鳟鱼，到了这里，红鳟鱼的稀有名贵亦不算什么了，这种贵族鱼，成群结对，麇集在潭边自由自在地游弋，游人伸手去捞，鱼到手上，立刻重重一摆就跃入水中，溅得人一身水花。这些鱼黑背红腹，颇通人性，人到潭边，它们一摇一摆，憨态可掬地游到人的身边，面对黑压压的数千数万条的鱼儿，端详它们的姿态，水中尤物的性情能尽情领略。人们还可以垂钓，钓上一条八九斤重的大鱼就在当地的餐馆里烹饪，名贵美味就让人有下次还要来的心理了。

玉水寨是丽江纳西文化，东巴文化的传承基地，是为纳西文化集粹之地，两位70多岁的老东巴为教师领头，在玉水寨景区，以省社会科学院东巴文化研究所编辑出版的100卷东巴古籍文献作为为基本教材，招收一批热爱东巴文化的年轻人，培养新一代东巴。为了搞好东巴文化的传承，在硬件上建设了展示东巴生活的民居，建设了开展祭仪的东巴什罗殿、祭天、祭署(自然神)、祭风等场所。对广大游客而言，文化传承活动本身就是展演，就是“看点”。玉水寨景区还建成一个东巴文物展览厅，正在布置把多年搜集起来的东巴文物展览出来，供游客参观。展示古老造纸法的东巴纸造纸坊;有展示古老酿酒法的东巴酒酿酒坊;有展示古老织布法的织布机;有大量传统生产生活用品展示，古代纳西族生产生活展示。古老酿酒法的酿酒罐等等展示。

玉水寨景区有30人的纳西传统歌舞展演队，以保留纳西族原汁原味的代表性传统歌舞为指导思想，搜集、整理、排练出三十多个歌舞节目，为游客演出。包含了纳西古乐《北石细哩》(《白沙细乐》)、原始歌舞《仁美蹉》、《喂蒙达》、《谷器》、《呀哈里》等代表性歌舞节目。玉水寨以自然景观和人文景观交相辉映，融为一体，形成天人合一的生态文化旅游景区。“看遗产到古城，看风景到玉龙雪山，看纳西文化到玉水寨”，已成为丽江旅游对外宣传的指导思想

在遵义 老城子尹路 (原名琵琶桥)东侧，原为黔军 25军第二师师长柏辉章 的私人官邸，修建于30年代初。整个建筑分主楼、跨院两个部分。主楼为中西合璧，临街有八间铺面房 ，当年为房主经营酱菜及颜料纸张。铺面居中有一小牌楼，檐下悬挂着毛泽东1964年11月题写的“遵义会议会址 ”六个字的黑漆金匾(此为毛泽东为全国革命纪念地题字的唯一一处)。街面房连接主楼与跨院之间有一座青砖牌坊。牌坊上方用碎蓝瓷镶嵌着“慰庐”二字。牌坊的另一面有“慎笃”二字。

遵义会议会址主楼坐北朝南 ，一楼一底，为曲尺 形，砖木结构，歇山式 屋顶，上盖小青瓦 。楼房有抱厦一圈，楼顶有一老虎窗 。楼层有走廊上，可以凭眺四围苍翠挺拔 的群山，指点昔日红军二占遵义时与敌军鏖战地红花岗，插旗山 、玉屏山 、凤凰山诸峰。会址主楼上下的门窗，漆板栗色，所有窗牖均镶嵌彩色玻璃 。紧挨主楼的跨院纯为木结构四合院，仍漆板栗色。

1935年1月上旬，中国工农红军第一方面军 长征到达遵义后，中华苏维埃共和国 中央革命军事委员会 总司部与一局(负责作点)即驻在这幢楼房里。

从1934年到现在，会址主楼的房间逐步复原了遵义会议会议室、军委总参谋部 办公室、军委副主度周恩来的办公室兼住室 、红军总司令朱德与军委直属队指导员康克清 的办公室兼住室以及红军总参谋长 刘伯承 的办公室兼住室、军委总部参谋人员和工作人员的住室等。

遵义会议会议室在楼上，原为房主的小客厅。面积为36平方米，长方形。屋子正中的顶壁上悬挂着一盏荷叶边盖的洋员灯，屋子的东壁有一只挂钟 (原物)和两个避柜(原物)，其中一个避柜上嵌着一面穿衣镜 。西壁是一排轩亮的玻璃窗。屋子中央陈列着一张板栗色的长方桌(原物)，四周围着一圈木边藤心摺叠靠背椅 ，共20只，为出席遵义会议的人员所坐。长方桌下有一只烧木炭的火盆，为当时取暖用。遵义会议会议室按原来陈列，每天接待成百上千前来的瞻仰者。

军委总司令办公室(作战室)在遵义会议会议室正对的楼下，面积为56平方米，两间长方形的房间组成，中间布一道可折叠的六合门 。屋子正中陈列着两张黑漆大方桌，桌上有铁座马烟、订书机 、中华苏维埃共和国革命军事委员会信 、报纸做的信封、30年代商务印书馆 出版的中国分省地图册 以及《陈中日记》等。屋子的西窗下陈列着两张三 屈桌，桌上置西部皮包电话机，桌下立着线拐子 。东窗下陈列着一对灰褐色的铁皮公文挑箱。北壁上陈列着一幅巨大的云、贵、川三省接壤地区的军用地图 ，图上插着红蓝色的三角小旗，标示着遵义会议召开期间的敌我态势。当年，军委副主席周恩来、红军总司令朱德、总参谋长刘伯承等经常在这里办公、运筹帏幄，部署红军如何摆脱国民党军队的围追堵截 ，将红军引向胜得前进的道路。

周恩来的办公室兼住室在会址主楼西头的第一间。室内按原状陈列：一张老式的暗褐色的木架子床 上，铺白色粗布垫单，有一床灰色薄棉被;窗下一张红漆九屈桌上有铜墨盒 、瓷质毛筒、美孚罩子马灯 、军委会信 、信封、毛笔、铅笔等物件。室内一角置一挑铁皮公文挑箱。壁上持手枪、望远镜与竹斗笠 。在引人注目的壁上还挂着一帧周恩来长征到达陕北后的留影。这张珍贵的历史的历史照片为美国友人埃德加·斯诺 所摄，录下了周恩来艰苦卓绝的革命斗争生涯。那清癯的面容、垂胸的长髯、坚定的目光，与室内简朴的陈设相映衬，，可以想见周恩来在战争岁月中宵衣旰食 、呕心沥血的生涯，令人肃然起敬。

朱德和康克清的办公室兼住室在会址主楼东头第一间，与周恩来的办公室兼住室相对。室内按原貌陈列：一张浅红色的老式木架床上，铺着白色粗布垫单、一床灰薄被!

黄山英文的导游词

Each of the four seasons on Mt. Huangshan has their respective beauty but even this can vary from day to day thanks to variations in the weather, light and shade as clouds pass overhead and even around you at the higher reaches. This endless changing adds an emphasis to the wonder of the landscape and to know the mountain thoroughly, you would need to visit Mt. Huangshan in all the different seasons.

Spring

Mt. Huangshan in spring is like a maiden - all is new, fresh and tender. Spring comes in April but its onset is delayed by three days for every 100 meters as you climb the mountain. Therefore, when wild flowers are brilliant and seedlings are shooting up at its foot, the plants half way up the mountain will be just awakening from their winter sleep and will not exhibit their beauty until a week later. The sound of birdsong is most pleasant in this quietness while you will be enchanted by the color changes as you climb your way up. Spring is probably the most propitious season for visiting Mt. Huangshan and is certainly the best time to view the many waterfalls due to the abundant precipitation.

Summer

It is hard to resist the charm of the cool green mountain sides in summer when an exuberance of plant life covers the valleys and peaks with a green blanket. The green trees and ivy mingle to form natural pavilions where you can sit and refresh yourself while enjoying the beautiful scenery with a cooling breeze to sooth you.

Dawn in summer is most splendid as the rising sun lights the sky and the peaks and the plants and the whole world takes on a brilliant glow. After a storm, Mt. Huangshan becomes a world of water. Numerous streams and waterfalls compose an exciting and vigorous symphony. The Sea of Clouds during this season is not as vast as during autumn or winter but it revels in its brightness. If you are really lucky you will see a vivid rainbow flying over two peaks. Sunset is no less enchanting than sunrise. Mt. Huangshan in summer is the best resort in which to escape high temperatures of southern China.

Tips:

1. July and August are among the peak seasons therefore reservation is a must.

2. It is wise to bring a rainproof jacket with you as the strong wind on the mountain renders an umbrella all but useless and even dangerous.

3. Do not climb the mountain during thunderstorm.

Autumn

Autumn on the mountain is colorful due to the blue sky, white clouds, red maples and yellow fruits. At this time of the year the scenery can be compared with that of spring but with a mature beauty. If spring is like a bud ready to bloom, autumn is a flower showing its last significance before withering. Such is the beauty of the autumn scenery of Mt. Huangshan that it can be seen in many famous Chinese paintings.

Tips:

1.Besides the Golden Week of the National Day (Oct 1st to 7th), September and October are also peak seasons of Mt. Huangshan.

2. Bring with you warm clothes so as not to catch a chill as the temperature variation is significant.

Winter

Snowy Mt. Huangshan is like a crystal palace. Though winter lasts a long time in Huangshan, it is not as cold as you might expect. A poem has it that Mt. Huangshan is beautiful all year round but with the winter scenery being the best. The Sea of Clouds, one of the four wonders of Mt. Huangshan, appears more often in winter than in any other season. The spectacle of rimed trees sparkling in the sun is the privilege of winter alone for it is then that you may find yourself in a silver world with icy peaks, clusters of frosty corals suffused with a plentiful supply of the freshest of oxygen rich fresh air.

Travel tips:

1. Winter is the most economical time for visiting Mt Huangshan as the prices for hotels and the entry fee are lowered by 15% to 40% compared to those of the peak season. However, Spring Festival is an exception, during which the price is the same as normal seasons.

2. The hotels are centrally heated so you don’t have to worry about the cold.

3. Anti-skid shoes are provided as well as heavy coats in most hotels.

北陵又称清昭陵，是清朝第二代开国君主，太宗皇太极以及孝端文皇后的陵墓，占地面积18万平方米，位于沈阳古城北约十华里，因此也称“北陵”，是清初“关外三陵”中规模最大、气势最宏伟的一座。是清代皇家陵寝和现代园林合一的游览胜地。

昭陵由南至北，依次为分前、中、后三个部分组成。

前部在缭墙外。参道两侧有华表、石狮、更衣亭等，而正中是牌楼。牌楼是前部主体建筑，是由青石建成，四柱三层，雕刻得玲珑剔透，精美无双，为罕见的艺术珍品。

中部，从正红门到方城，正红门为缭墙的正南门，层楼高耸，十分庄严，而其两翼所装饰的五色琉璃蟠龙壁，造形生动，引人注目。碑亭与正红门相对，为颂扬墓主而建，里面所竖碑称“昭陵神、功圣德碑”。

后部，是方城、月牙城和宝城，这是陵寝的主体。它建造得如同城池一般，位于缭墙，仿佛是城中之城。隆恩殿居于方城中心，前有隆恩门，后有明楼，左右有配殿，四隅有角楼，犹如众星拱月一般，故显得异常雄伟。隆恩殿以雕刻精美的花岗岩台阶为底座，以金光闪闪的黄琉璃瓦为屋顶，再加上画栋雕梁、金匾红墙，显得异常华丽。隆恩殿后经过明楼，到达宝城。宝城在方城北端，为月牙形。宝城又称宝顶。登上宝顶，向四下一望，绿树环合，景色清幽，宛若置身于城市山林中，一种恬适之感油然而生。

陵园内古松参天，草木葱茏，湖水荡漾，楼殿威严，金瓦夺目，自然景观千姿百态，五彩缤纷，其中芳秀园是北陵公园的园中园，种植了近200种植物，四季分呈，各具特色。初春樱花盛开，满园飘香;盛夏荷花竞放，柳浪闻莺;深秋满山红叶，层林尽染;寒冬银装素裹，苍松挺拔。纵观整个园林，春有花，夏有阴，秋有果，冬有青，奇花异石，小桥流水，颇有江南之秀。

北陵还拥有30万平方米的人工湖水面，夏天碧波荡漾，柳岸成荫，乘坐脚踏船、快艇观光游玩，泛舟湖上，别有一番情趣。

北陵的另一特色是漫漫数里的古松群。现存古松二千余棵，松龄达三百多年，摇曳挺拔，参天敝日。这些苍翠的陵松在金瓦红墙中构成昭陵又一壮丽景观，其中的“神树”、“凤凰树”、“夫妻树”、“姐妹树”、“龟树”等更是别具特色。

沈阳北陵(昭陵)古老的历史、神秘的皇陵、千姿百态的自然景观，成为数以万计的中外游客为之心旷神怡、流连忘返的浏览胜地。

Dear guests, Hello! Im Wang Ping, the tour guide accompanying you. You canjust call me Wang Dao. On behalf of Anhui travel agency, Id like to extend mywarm welcome to you and wish you a successful tour. If you have any questionsduring todays tour, you are welcome to raise them in time. I must follow theprinciple of reasonable and possible to make your trip happy.

First of all, welcome to Jiuhua Mountain. Next, let me introduce thegeneral situation of Jiuhua Mountain.

During the reign of Tang Tianbao, Li Bai wrote a poem "once upon a time onJiujiang River, looking at Jiuhua peak in the distance, green water hanging onthe Tianhe River, showing off Hibiscus" and "Jiuzi mountain" was renamed "JiuhuaMountain" from then on.

It is a national 5A tourist area, a national courtesy tourism demonstrationsite, one of the three famous mountains in Anhui Province, and one of the fourfamous Buddhist mountains in China. It is also known as the "dizang BodhisattvaTaoist center" in the world, known as "the first mountain in Southeast China"and "Lianhua Buddhist kingdom".

Jiuhua Mountain has beautiful scenery and numerous ancient temples. Thereare 99 existing temples, of which 9 are national key temples.

We are now at the center of Jiuhua street. What you can see is Huachengtemple, kaishanzu Temple of Jiuhua Mountain. The name of Huacheng temple comesfrom the story of "Huacheng refers to the earth" in Buddhist scriptures.Huacheng temple is the oldest ancient temple of Jin Dynasty in Jiuhua Mountain,and it is the "total jungle" of Jiuhua Mountain. Hanging on the temple foreheadis the horizontal plaque of "Jiuhuashan historical relics museum" inscribed byZhao Puchu. The ancient clock in the temple is more than ten feet high andweighs about 20__ Jin. It is exquisitely cast and has a loud voice. "Huachengevening clock" has become one of the "Jiuhua ten sceneries".

Looking up, the hall built on the cliff is the famous "centenary Palace".Now lets take the ground cable car to visit the centenary palace!

On the plaque of the centenary palace, the ten gold characters of "bestowthe centenary palace, protect the country and Wannian Temple" were inscribed byLi Yuanhong, President of the Beiyang government. According to records, in theWanli period of the Ming Dynasty, a monk named flawless came to Jiuhua Mountainat the age of 26 and spent a hundred years of hard work in Motianling, Dongyapeak. Three years after his death, his body was found in the cave. The monk onthe mountain believed that he was reincarnated as a living Buddha, so he offeredhis body in gold. Emperor Chongzhen of the Ming Dynasty granted him the title of"Yingshen Bodhisattva" when he understood that this body was a monk withouttime.

Next, lets go to the rooftop. We have to pass fenghuangsong scenic spot togo to the rooftop. Fenghuangsong is located in the Min garden of JiuhuaMountain, which is a major landscape of Jiuhua Mountain. Please see, the pine is7.68 meters high and 1 meter diameter at breast height. It has a peculiar shape,just like the phoenix spreading its wings, so it is called Fenghuang pine. Thehistory of this pine was recorded in the southern and Northern Dynasties, and ithas a history of 1400 years. It has the reputation of "the first pine in theworld".

The scenic spot of Jiuhua is located on the Tiantai Mountain. Tiantai peakis the main peak of Jiuhua Mountain, with an altitude of more than 1300 meters.There is a saying that "if you dont climb the Tiantai Mountain, you will notcome.". From the rooftop of Jiuhua street, about 15 kilometers to Huali mountainroad, the surrounding mountains are crawling, and the surrounding rocks aregrotesque. The inscription of "non human" on a huge stone really makes peoplefeel like they are in Penglai fairyland. Tiantai "holding the sun Pavilion" towatch the sunrise is no less than Mount Tai. Therefore, "Tiantai xiaori" islisted as one of the "ten sceneries of Jiuhua".

Now we come to the body Hall of shenguangling, where the body ofjinqiaojue, the Bodhisattva of Tibetans, is worshipped. Because of his commonsurname Jin, he was honored as "jindizang".

During the Kaiyuan reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Jinqiaojue, a 24-year-old king of Silla, crossed the sea to seek Dharma in China.He boarded Jiuhua via Nanling and other places. He chose a cave to live andpractice in a secluded place deep in the mountain.

Jin qiaojue devoted himself to training for 75 years. At the age of 99, hepassed away in Jiuhua Mountain. After three years of the letter, it still "lookslike life, with soft hands and a sound at Luojie, like shaking a golden lock".The monks believed that he was the incarnation of the Bodhisattva, so they builta stone pagoda to worship him and called him "jindizang" Bodhisattva.

As a result, Jiuhua Mountain became a Taoist center of dizang Bodhisattva,and thus became famous in China and even the world. It gradually became a holyland of dizang Yinghua, which was called together with Manjusri of WutaiMountain, Puxian of Emei Mountain and Guanyin of Putuo Mountain.

This hall is majestic and majestic. It is a tower hall type building,covered with iron tiles, with palace style eaves at the four corners. You haveto climb 81 steps to enter the hall. Look at these two plaques, which read "thepalace of the flesh" on the top and "the first mountain in the Southeast" on thebottom. The hall is three rooms wide with white marble on the ground. In thecenter of this 1.8-meter-high White Jade Pagoda, there stands a seven storyeight sided wooden pagoda. There are niches on eight sides of each floor of thetower, and each niche is dedicated to a gold statue. Outside the wooden pagodais a white jade altar with a standing statue of Yama in the ten halls holding aGUI in both hands. At the four corners of the base of the pagoda, there are thetop beams of the pillars, and inside the pagoda are the three-level stonepagodas dedicated to the body of the golden earth. In front of the tower is ahollow octagonal glass lamp, which is always bright.

Well, tourists, todays tour is over. Thank you very much for your supportand cooperation in my work. Welcome to visit again!

各位游客大家好，欢迎大家来到皇家风水宝地清东陵参观游览：

我是导游员，接下来将由我为大家介绍清东陵的历史、建筑以及这里埋葬的历史人物和有关传说，希望大家在清东陵能够感受皇家山水福祉，并给大家带来好运和快乐!

位于河北省遵化市境内的清东陵是全国重点文物保护单位，国家AAAAA级风景名胜区，20xx年11月30日，被联合国教科文组织批准列入《世界文化遗产名录》。20xx年10月15日，全国旅游资源规划开发质量评定委员会公布，清东陵景区成为唐山市首家5A级景区。

清东陵西距北京125公里，居北京、天津、唐山、秦皇岛、承德五大城市腹地，交通便利，每年吸引大批中外游客旅游观光。20xx年，清东陵景区被北京市奥组委确定为唯一的一处京外景点，成功地接待了前来参观的奥运宾客，赢得了良好的国际声誉。

清王朝统治时期，东陵分“后龙”和“前圈”两部分，陵区南北长125公里，东西宽20公里，占地面积达2500平方公里。“后龙”为“风水来龙”之地，从陵后长城开始向北延至承德，西接密云，东达遵化，层峦叠翠，山秀石奇，气象万千。当时，“后龙”禁地派重兵驻守，负责安全保卫。“前圈”是陵寝分布的地方，四周群山环绕，中间野阔川平，东、西各有一泓碧水缓缓流淌，形似一只完美无缺的金瓯，可谓景物天成。一座座陵寝依山面野，井然布列在这80平方公里的盆地之内，其间苍松翠柏、楼殿亭阁、门坊城垣、桥柱碑雕，无一不精，无一不美。

清东陵是一块难得的“风水”宝地。北有昌瑞山做后靠如锦屏翠帐，南有金星山做前朝如持笏朝揖，中间有影壁山做书案可凭可依，东有鹰飞倒仰山如青龙盘卧，西有黄花山似白虎雄踞，东西两条大河环绕浃流似两条玉带。群山环抱的堂局辽阔坦荡，雍容不迫，真可谓地臻全美，景物天成。

清东陵是我国现存规模最大、保存最完整的皇家陵墓群，共建有五座皇帝陵、四座皇后陵、五座妃园寝和一座公主园寝。全部陵寝以顺治帝的孝陵为中心，东侧有康熙帝的景陵，同治皇帝的惠陵，西侧有乾隆帝的裕陵，咸丰帝的定陵，以及孝庄、孝惠、孝贞(慈安)、孝钦(慈禧)四座皇后陵，还有景妃、景双妃、裕妃、定妃、惠妃五座妃嫔园寝。

清东陵目前开放的景点有裕陵、裕妃园寝、慈禧陵、慈安陵、展览馆、孝陵、景陵、昭西陵、二郎庙等9处景点。

在清东陵14座陵寝之中，规模最大、体系最完整、布局最得体的当数座落在昌瑞山主峰下的顺治皇帝的陵寝——孝陵。

英文导游词结尾参考

导游即引导游览，让游客感受山水之美，并且在这个过程中给予游客食、宿、行等各方面帮助，并解决旅游途中可能出现问题的人。导游分为中文导游和外语导游，英文叫TourGuide或Guide。在我国导游人员必须经过全国导游人员资格考试以后才能够从业。接下来是小编为大家整理的关于英文导游词结尾，方便大家阅读与鉴赏!

英文导游词结尾1

Little meng thanks everybodys all the way support to my job andunderstands that also in here.

Hope that everybody gets chance to come to Dalian again, small Meng and mylocation (所在)__ travel service will be that you provide (提供)the service usingmore well.

Wish everybodys returning journey all smooth God-speed finally!

英文导游词结尾2

That trip to Dalian to master of here will have been over.

Believe in more of Dalian public square , big of greenbelt area, cleanappearance of a city and Euro-style city construction are stayed by you deeplyimpression, keeps an incense especially among the Dalian seafood lip and toothdefinitely as early as you.

英文导游词结尾3

Owing to lack of time, todays visit is over now.

Thanks for your cooperation.

I do hope you enjoyed todays tour.

Have a good rest.

See you tommorrow.

Thanks for your cooperation.

Today is the last day of the tour.

We spent a happy days together.

I do hope the tour is rewarding and enjoyable.

Wish you pleasant journey home and good health.

I introduced over, hope you all have a happy trip

英文导游词结尾4

Ladies and gentlemen, we are expected to back __x in __x minutes, theterninal of this journey.

Id like to express my grateful to every body for your kindly cooperationduring the journey.

I spend a very nice time with in the past __ days.

英文导游词结尾5

After 20 years of development and construction, the Tianzhu Mountain is thedevelopment of the eight scenic areas, open six scenic spots and touristfacilities has greatly improved the visibility and Tianzhu Mountain growingreputation, Tianzhu Mountain to the number of tourists has increased, the homeand about 800,000 passengers.

Tianzhu Mountain is no longer Mr.

Yu described a "lonely Tianzhu Mountain", the tourism economy of our countyand enriching Buried Hill County of the pillar industries.

英文导游词结尾6

The tall building we are now passing is the gate of military prowess, theback door of the Palace Museum.

Our visit is now drawing to a conclusion but the architectures of thePalace are not .

On the other side of the road is the 43-meter-hign Charcoal Hill ,providing natural protection for the Forbidden City.

This was also an embodiment of China` s construction style-putting a poolin the front and a hill in the rear.

Now let` s climb up to Wanchun (Everlasting Springs ) Pavillion where we`ll have a great view of the Palace Museum.

英文导游词结尾7

On the four walls inside the pavilion, colorful murals are painted, thetheme of which is the images of 16 Arhats and 2 Ming Dynasty Emperors, which arethe earliest subjects of Buddhism.

On he murals, 2 m high Arhats with 3 heads and 4 arms are extremelylifelike and Ming Emperors on the four walls are full of power and grandeur.

On the upper part of the murals, there are mountains, forest, cloud andriver, while on the lower part, there are paintings of secular themes with vividand natural lines, which embody the superb the skill and arts of painting ofancient Buddhism in China.

我先给大家简单介绍一下香山公园。北京有个香山，也有个香山公园，这是大家共知的。我校的香山公园，原名叫“辞香岭公园”，位于学校地势较高的西北角，占地面积较广。素有“香山八大景”之称的八宝琉璃井、天池、慈祥居、碧霞行宫(遗址)、烽火台、七星岩、飞来石、泰斗广场(泰斗石)，全集中在这里。此外，根据规划，学校下一步还准备在辞香岭上建造辞香坊、辞香亭(或辞香阁)、辞香廊，等等。公园有山有水有声有色有景有趣，被誉为“世外桃源”。

现在我们走的大路是学校环路，双向4车道，长约4公里。沿着环路转一周，能观光学校的主要风景，能了解学校的主要建筑。根据路段不同和环境变化，环路两边植有阳刚之气的法桐树(西面、南面、东北面)和阴柔之美的柳树(西北面是直柳，俗名馒头柳;四十柳桥两端是垂柳，亦名杨柳)，有刚柔相济、阴阳协调、生生不息的功效。大家往两边看，不几年的工夫，这些树都长得有水桶那么粗了。根深干挺枝繁叶茂，长得是不是很旺相啊?好了，前面就是香山公园的入口了。请大家做好下车准备，我们要徒步游览香山公园。

大家往西北方向看，看到土堆上有块俊俏的泰山石了吗?它像一个很温顺很安详胖胖的动物，向东蹲伏着，守着大门，但又很友好很和善地接纳每一个进入公园的人。石上刻有圆润优美的舒同体“香山”二字，字体与石态与环境很有秩序地浑然成为一体。东西两面的斜坡上满是扶芳藤，它会随季节的变化而发生颜色的变化，很美丽的。下面我们进入公园，大家不用买票，我也不愿有吃回扣的嫌疑和无谓的议论。脚下是粗糙块石砌就的路面，石头大小不一，凹凸不平，但干净利落，路面宽约4米、长20多米。再往里走就是土路了，能跑车。咱们现在就一起边走边聊吧。

大家看，靠路间栽的是黑松(低)和刺

槐(高)。黑松似佩剑的武士，刺槐像持枪的警卫，间隔一致，站成两排，保护着夹道上行走的人们。我们在中间走，非常有安全感和自豪感，像是皇家卫队当我们的保镖护着我们一样，咱这回也享受一下皇家待遇。沿途我们还会看到激情的紫叶李、火热的红叶椿(红叶椿是我的习惯叫法，实为火炬树)、迎客的黑松林、竞长的刺槐林。向左看，是大片与田园风光浑然一体的教工宿舍楼，靠近辞香岭的1号楼是上下两层220平方米一户的复式楼。

往前走，左手边是千株紫叶李、百棵黑松树，右手边则是万片红叶椿。紫叶李根紫、干紫、叶紫、果紫，除花粉白外，通体发紫。微风吹过，紫色飘扬，将浓浓的有些发黑的紫，凸显在岭上。黑松树是不计较生长环境的，土地肥沃也好贫瘠也罢，凭着自己那股韧劲，抗拒各种挫折和不

公，都高昂着头坚挺着身子，独尽一年四季向自然呈现那份绿的义务。黑松生长的姿态是有层次的。大家看，枝条一层一层斜向上铺开着，错落有致。下层较上层舒展，都由中央的树干向四周散射，酷似花朵次第开放，仿佛千手齐齐伸出。看着看着，就浮想联翩，我佩服黑松历练后崛起的品格，我颂扬黑松积极向上的精神，我仰慕黑松胸怀坦荡的伟大。

红叶椿是一种观赏树木。叶绿时，或疑它是香椿，或疑它是臭椿;开花时，它又不是香椿，又不是臭椿;霜打后，激情燃烧红透香山。莫非一夜之间20_年北京第29届夏季奥林匹克运动会开幕式上纷纷扬扬潇潇洒洒轻轻飘飘摇摇摆摆翩翩舞舞大大方方红红火火的红叶雨全落在了这里?我激动异常兴奋异常惊讶异常，异常得无言。每年这个时节，我都会带上心爱的、伴侣般的照相机，带着亢奋带着激情带着感动带着温存带着问候来寻觅属于我的那片红叶。大家可以想象一下，这时的红、黄、绿、紫，加上不时变幻色彩的天空，一定会美极了的呀!

继续往前走，是个十字路口。向北可到泰斗广场开阔心胸、可得七星岩指引迷

津、可看飞来石自然神奇、可登烽火台四处极目。现在广场是驾校学员们练习开车的好场地，有上下起伏自由拐弯的循环车道，道上摆有大骑饼、砌有单轮翘道、竖有倒车标杆等等，一应俱全;七星岩是按照北斗七星的分布形式建造的七个大土台，每一个土台周身遍植蔷薇，在侧边开有一条长长的旋转的缓坡小道可至台顶，不很平整的台顶上杂草丛生。站在台顶，就像站在了天上七星之中的任何一星，让人脱俗成仙;飞来石是天上来客，在美丽校园的吸引下，毅然与天绝决，降临在高坡上，天天年年观赏着守望着整个学校;取小道，奔西北，走山脊，登绝顶。据说，绝顶处就是当年烽火台所在位置。站在顶上四望，有置身神圣之地的感觉：东亲学校，北敬泰山，西邀金牛，南请龙山。从十字路口向南，可直通慈祥居，沿途并无

特色的景致。现在，咱们还是顺着路向西走吧。大家首先看到的是两块泰山石，这原是辞香岭的最高处，其南面有碧霞行宫(奶奶庙)遗址，地基至今还很清晰。原有北屋三间，是祠堂，供奉碧霞元君，建制同泰山顶的碧霞祠。东有配房两间，是道士布道居住之所。只可惜，现在是见不到那时繁盛的景象了。路北较高的土堆是学校建设时废弃的一些建筑土方和石块的囤积。经过精心构思合理改造，现在成为大家看到的绿色环保山丘，成为香山公园不可缺少的一景。

大家随我来，看看路两边的植物，发生了什么变化?间栽的油松和刺槐不见了，摇身一变，成了间植的小叶女贞球(低)和大叶女贞子(高)了。从名字上就能显出温和柔美。这儿少了刀枪剑戟的刚性，多了一些窈窕淑女的柔情。是祥和安全和平地带的标志。沿着学校西墙根向南走。大家看到两块石头护着的一口井了吗?这就是著名的八宝琉璃井。八宝琉璃井上口狭小，下部宽绰，井身修长。我曾在《拜谒八宝琉璃井》 中写到，“八宝琉璃井身着朴素大方的衣裳，像位历经岁月又焕发了青春的老人，浑身写满

了故事。”大家围过去看看。

看完八宝琉璃井我们再往南走，路东有个蓄水池，这就是著名的天池。整个池形酷似一个大大的阿拉伯数字的“9”或汉语标点符号的“，”(逗号)。天池并不大，但特有神气和仙味。两个由四根木柱支撑的单层方形草亭东南、西北呼应着，一个小木桥跨在注入天池的小水沟上，玲珑着朴素着可爱着。小桥一端通向羊圈的门。

再前面有一排瓦房，是大学中的农舍之一，名曰：慈祥居。渴了，我们可在这儿喝杯用辞香岭上麦饭石泉水沏的茶;累了，我们可在这儿瓜棚下的石凳上稍坐，休息一会儿。这儿农家气息浓浓。迎接我们的不知是欢迎还是拒绝的“汪汪”的狗吠和“嘎嘎”的鹅鸣。反正它会一直陪伴着我们的到来和我们的离开。好不热闹!路西简易微型的动物园里，养着梅花鹿、山鸡、贵妃鸡、孔雀、大白鹅、火鸡、珍珠鸡、家鸡、鸽子等。周末或课余时间，同学们最愿到这儿来了，多是来看孔雀开屏的骄傲。当然，能得到激动的时候少，深感遗憾的时候多。原因吗，当然是来的不是时候。

好了，咱们沿着路走，迎面看到的是绿的海洋——栗子树林。这儿每年会收获很多很多的泰山板栗。板栗成熟时节，真诚欢迎大家来品尝泰山板栗的特殊味道。前面有座被视为中华文化典型标识的“三间四柱三楼”“不出头”悬山式木牌坊。它在这儿，起到点题框景借景的效果。出此牌坊，我们的游览也就快要结束了。不知大家是否有进入“世外桃源”的感觉，是否有怡然宁静安详心境的感受。

各位朋友，我的介绍就到这里。不知我的讲解，大家是否满意，请大家多提宝贵意见。谢谢大家的光临!

Dear ladies and gentlemen, today, we are going to visit the Qin army toiletMuseum. Qinbing toilet museum is located 35 kilometers east of Youan city. Ittakes about 50 minutes to get there by car from Sheraton Hotel. Since itsopening on October 1, 1979, the museum has been visited by Party and governmentleaders of many countries, and millions of Chinese and foreign tourists havecome to visit this human miracle. French President Jacques Chirac once said:"the discovery of Qin Bing Ma Bai, the original seven wonders in the world, canbe said to be the eighth miracle. If you dont look at the pyramids, you dontreally have been to Egypt. "If you dont look at the Qin servants, you dontreally have been to China." Former vice president Mundell also said, "this is areal miracle. People all over the world should go there and have a look. " Fromthese highly concise words, we can easily see the historical and artistic valueof Qin Yong. Next, Id like to introduce the first emperor of the case, ahistorical giant who has made great achievements for a generation, so that youcan have a more detailed understanding of the first emperor of the casesmilitary toilet and its related history. When talking about the toilet, we mustfirst introduce the head politics. In 259 BC, a great man named Yingzheng wasborn. At the age of 13, after his father died, he inherited the throne.According to Thai practice, the king was not able to take power until he was 22years old and had a coronation ceremony. At that time, the power of the state ofQin was still in the hands of the empress dowager, the prime minister LV Buwei,and the eunuch muxiu (1606i). Unusual is Luo Zhen. Holding power, hot, he sawWangai gradually grow up, then plot rebellion and seize power. In 238 BC,22-year-old Ying Zheng went to the new year palace in Yongcheng, the formercapital, to hold a coronation ceremony. The fallacy lies in

On the way back to Xianyang from barnian palace, he buried an ambush tokill Yingzheng. When Ying Zheng noticed this, he defeated the helmet with hissuperior forces, captured him alive and killed him by splitting the car. AfterYing Zhengqin, he exiled RI Buwei in the name of LV Buweis indulgence inmarrying Liang. After that, LV Buwei drank poison and sprinkled it to death.

In this way, Yingzheng successfully eliminated the two hostile forceswithin the regime and consolidated its position. In order to further consolidatethe power of the monarch, Huizheng selected a group of elite generals, such asWei Liao, who was in charge of military affairs, and Li Si, who was in charge ofEurope. After that, Yingzheng formulated the policy of making long-distance andshort-range attacks, alienating foreign enemies, and breaking through eachother, and began to unify China, ending the chaotic situation of more than 500years since the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period. From 230B.C. to 221 B.C., in less than 10 years, Thailand destroyed six countries,finally completed the great cause of reunification, and established the firstcentralized feudal state, which laid the foundation for the rapid development offeudal societys economy, politics, ideology and culture. This once again showsthe great talent of Yingzheng.

Yingzheng called himself the first emperor because he expected hisdescendants to pass on the regime he founded from generation to generation. Tothis end, he reorganized the bureaucracy. First, he was responsible for all theofficials from the central government to the local government; second, heabolished the enfeoffment system and implemented the county system. Third, QinShihuang also unified laws, characters, currency, weights and measures, etc.These measures greatly promoted the development of politics, economy and culturein feudal society. In addition, he also expropriated labor and extensively builtroads to facilitate transportation and economic and cultural exchanges. Heconnected the Great Wall built by Qin, Zhao and Yan during the Warring Statesperiod, and then extended it to form the Great Wall from Lintiao in GansuProvince in the west to Yinshi in Liaodong Province in the East, whicheffectively curbed the harassment of the nomadic tribes of TJB to the court.Most Chinese emperors built huge and luxurious mausoleums for themselves. Onthis point, the first emperor of the case is no exception. When he ascended thethrone at the age of 13, he ordered the construction of a mausoleum for him.Although eroded by wind, rain and man-made destruction, this huge mausoleum witha height of 120 meters and a circumference of more than 20__ meters is still 76meters high and 400 meters long. The first emperor of the case reduced thecapital Weiyang to his own mausoleum, and its layout is almost the same. Thenorthwest of the inner city of the cemetery is the Xiandian building area, thedepression in the northeast of the cemetery is the fish pond for memorial, thenorthwest corner of the outer city of the cemetery is the stone processingplant, and the outer city of the west of the cemetery is a large cemetery.According to historical records, the total population of the Qin Dynasty wasabout 20 million, and the number of strong men was 7 million. When the mausoleumwas built, the number of strong men reached 700000 at most, which shows thevastness of the project. The mausoleum of the first emperor of the case is likea huge underground palace, which is really an underground "paradise of goodfortune". There is astronomy on the roof of the tomb

In the constellation chart, t is made up of all kinds of bright jewelry,with Wuyue, Jiuzhou and rivers and lakes made up of mechanically driven mercurybelow. In addition, there is no hall for officials to worship the first emperor.In order to prevent stealing power, there are automatic bows and arrows on thedoor of each tomb. The whole mausoleum can be said to be a magnificent, solidunderground crown. The first emperor of the case also moved everything heenjoyed underground for him to enjoy in another world. He did not even let go ofthe maids who had never given birth and the craftsmen who worked hard to buildthe underground mausoleum. He ordered that all these people should be buriedalive when others were in danger, so that the maids would not marry others andthe secrets inside the mausoleum would not be revealed.

At the moment, what we are dealing with is No.1 pit of qinbaiguan, which iscalled "the eighth wonder of the world" of Qins toilet. In order to deal withthe huge military array, you must have the following questions in your mind: Howdid these Qin maids find out? 7 Why did they look different? 7 Why did they makethese chants? How many hundred of them are in pits 1, 2 and 3. OK, now I willanswer your questions. These chants were discovered by Xiyang Caiqu farmers inthe process of drilling wells in March 1974. According to the old people in thevillage, Qin Xiang was found there as early as the Ming Dynasty. One day, therefugees in the village ordered a well in the outer space of the village. Thewater in the well was very clear and gratifying. But the next day, they foundthat the water at the bottom of the well was gone. The audacious of them tied arope around their waist and went down to check. After a while, a scream camefrom the well, and the people on the top pulled the people up. The man said hesaw a standing monster in armor. He reached for him. The listeners were veryafraid and wanted to fill the well with soil as soon as possible. But theyfinally decided to report it to the cultural relics department. After theexploration and identification of archaeological experts, pits T, 2 and 3 in theqintiao museum were identified as the accompanying burial pits of the firstemperor of the case. From 1974 to 1979, after five years of hard work, amagnificent building with scientific structure was erected on the site of Pit 1.This is Pit 1 of the Subing toilet, which was opened to tourists at home andabroad in October 1979. Pit 3 was opened to the public on September 27, 1989,world tourism day. Now, on the site of Pit 2, a marble building has beencompleted. It began to receive tourists in November 1994. Since then, all threepoking pits have been protected

Buildings, no longer subject to wind, sun and rain. For visitors to watch,nostalgic at the same time, archaeologists are still there to continue toexcavate the toilet. According to the survey, No. 1 pit is 330m long from eastto west, 62m wide from north to South and covers an area of 14260m2. At theeasternmost end of Dongkeng, there are 3gf warriors facing east, 7 in each row,with a total of 210 pokes. They are the vanguard of the army. Behind thevanguard is the main body of the army. They are divided into 38 columns,standing in 11 tunnels. Each tunnel is paved with green bricks, and there is acolumn every 2 meters on both sides of the tunnel. The columns support thewooden roof, which is covered with woven "herringbone" mats. The mats arecovered with soil. The whole tunnel is 5 meters deep from the surface. Inaddition, on the south, North and west sides of the tunnel, there are a line ofwarriors facing outward. They are the right wing, left wing and guard of thearmy. At the moment, more than 1000 pottery barrels have been unearthed from Pit1. According to the campaign, more than 6000 military toilets will be unearthedin Pit 1 after all excavation. Its pit 2, which opened in November 1994. It isa square array of chariots, cavalry and infantry. It is estimated that more than1000 soldiers and Dong, and more than 500 chariots, horses and pommel horses canbe unearthed. Pit 2 covers an area of 6000 square meters. Its east part is asmall square array with 6334 curved barrels. In the south of pit No.2, there are64 chariots forming a Na square array, each row has 8 chariots, a total of 8Fei; in the middle, there are 19 chariots and unarmed soldiers with chariots; inthe north, there are chariots and cavalry. In the north is a cavalry formationcomposed of 6 chariots, 124 pommel horses and 124 cavalry. Now, we come to pit3, which is 25 meters west of Pit 2. The pit was discovered in 1976. It isconcave shape, covering an area of 520 square meters. stay

In Pit 3, archaeologists found only one chariot and 64 Samurai stabs. Theystand opposite each other, holding the weapon man (SH6).

Beijing is located at 39 ° 56 ′ N and 116 ° 20 ′ E. It is located at thenorthwest end of the North China Plain, in the west, North and northeast. It issurrounded by Taihang Mountain (West Mountain), Jundu mountain and Yanshanmountain, which makes it look like a "bay", so it has been called "Beijing bay"since ancient times.

Beijing, the capital of the peoples Republic of China, is the center ofpolitics, culture, transportation, tourism and international exchanges. The cityconsists of 11 districts and 7 counties. The total area is 16800 squarekilometers, of which the urban area covers 1040 square kilometers. Thepopulation is 11.5 million. Beijing is the first of the four municipalitiesdirectly under the central government in China.

Beijing has a north temperate continental monsoon climate with fourdistinct seasons. Spring flowers, autumn moon, summer rain and winter snow arethe different characteristics of each season. No matter when you come to Beijingfor sightseeing, you will have charming wind colors. Beijing has shorter springand autumn, longer summer and winter. January is colder, the average temperatureis - 4.7 ℃, July is slightly hot, the average temperature is 26.1 ℃. The averageannual rainfall is 650 mm and the frost free period is 180 days. It has aprominent geographical location, magnificent mountains and rivers, fertile landand rich products, so it has always been regarded as the treasure land ofChina.

Beijing has a written history of more than 3000 years and a long history ofurban construction. As far back as 700000-500000 years ago, this is thebirthplace of human ancestors, and Peking man has been breeding in Zhoukoudianand other places in southwest Beijing. In 586 BC, the state of Yan, the Marquisof the Zhou Dynasty, established its capital here, named "Ji". From then on, thename of "Yanjing" has been passed down to the present. After the third centuryB.C., it was an important northern town in the Qin, Han, Sui and Tang Dynasties.At the beginning of the 10th century, the Qidan people in Northeast Chinaestablished the Liao Dynasty and took it as the capital, Nanjing. In 1125, theNuzhen nationality rose, destroyed the Liao Dynasty and built the Jin Dynasty.It officially established its capital, named Zhongdu, and built 36 luxuriouspalaces. The central capital was in the area of Guanganmen today, but it wasdestroyed in 1215. In this year, the Mongols in the north of China movedsouthward, successively destroyed the Jin Dynasty and the Southern Song Dynasty,which avoided Hangzhou, and unified China. In 1267, the Yuan Dynasty rebuilt thecapital city with the JinDynasty Daning Palace (now Beihai Park) as the center,and renamed it Dadu, which is the predecessor of todays old Beijing city. In1368, the peasant uprising army led by Zhu Yuanzhang overthrew the Yuan Dynastyand established the Ming Dynasty. The capital of the Ming Dynasty was located inNanjing, which was renamed Beiping. In 1403, Zhu Di won the throne, moved hiscapital to Peking, and changed its name to Beijing. After 15 years ofconstruction, the Forbidden City was completed in 1420 and the capital wasofficially moved to Beijing in 1421. In 1644, the Qing army entered the pass,the Ming Dynasty perished, and the Qing Dynasty also established its capital inBeijing. Each dynasty has established its capital here for more than 800 years.After the founding of new China in 1949, the old Beijing gained a new life andwas determined as the capital of new China.

The ancient city of Beijing, after the great creation of the working peopleof the past dynasties, has left a splendid culture of the Chinese nation. Thearchitectural layout of the whole city takes the Forbidden City as the centerand runs through an 8 km long central axis from south to north. Before and afterthe dynasty, zuozu and YouSHE (Taimiao and sheji altar); the streets arevertical and horizontal, the temples are brilliant; the temples are magical, thegardens are magnificent; the rivers and lakes are winding, the scenery ispicturesque. The whole city has both plane layout and three-dimensional shape,which is not only a model of Chinese ancient capital, but also occupies a veryimportant position in the history of world urban construction. Beijing hasalways been famous for its rich places of interest and charming natural scenery.Here are the worlds wonders of the Great Wall, the worlds most imperial palacecomplex, beautiful classical gardens, as well as magnificent temples,mausoleums, pagodas, stone carvings and so on. Moreover, Shidu, Songshan,Longqing gorge, Shihua Cave and other natural landscapes, as well as manyhistorical sites such as the May 4th Movement in 1919, are all touristattractions that people can enjoy and forget to return.

大家看，我们现在已经在八达岭的脚下。大家抬头看，八达岭长城是不是非常像一条龙?在崇山峻岭之间蜿延盘旋着。告诉大家，这段长城有一万三千里。大家再看，可以发现这里的长城分为西、北两峰，景色十分壮观、龙腾虎跃、气象万千。如果大家想看长城的景色，那就上去大饱眼福吧。

游客朋友们!我们终于来到了著名的八达岭长城上，真是雄伟壮观啊!这八达岭长城高大、坚固，是用条石和城砖筑成的。地上铺着方砖，非常平整，像很宽的马路，这么宽的宽度，如果马站在上面，五六匹马都可以并进，大家现在试一试，伸开手臂，大约能占十多个人。

好了，大家再往前走，大家边走边看一下，城墙上有两米多高的垛子，垛子上有方形的口，这是打仗时的瞭望口，和射击口。城墙的顶上，每隔三百多米就有一座方形的城台，这就是古代屯兵的堡垒。打仗的时候，承台之间可以互相呼应。

八达岭长城还有很多壮丽的景色，这里是世界文明的旅游景点，希望你们能够细细游赏!

在山东省的西南部，有一个孔姓人口占五分之一的县级市，她就是有着5000多年悠久历史的“东方圣城”——曲阜。

“千年礼乐归东鲁，万古衣冠拜素王”曲阜之所以享誉全球，是与孔子的名字紧密相连的。 孔子是世界上最伟大的哲学家之一，中国儒家学派的创始人。在两千多年漫长的历史长河中，儒家文化逐渐成为中国的正统文化，并影响到东亚和东南亚各国，成为整个东方文化的基石。

曲阜的孔府、 孔庙、孔林，统称“三孔”，是中国历代纪念孔子，推崇儒学的表征，以丰厚的文化积淀、悠久历史、宏大规模、丰富文物珍藏，以及科学艺术价值而著称。因其在中国历史和世界东方文化中的显著地位，而被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产，被世人尊崇为世界三大圣城之一。

普宁寺系承德外八庙之一，竖务院确定的汉族地区佛教全国重点寺院。这里群山环抱，形胜优越，气候绝佳，山水兼有北雄南秀之美。清朝政府在这里兴建了皇家园林避暑山庄和外八庙佛教建筑群，在康熙、乾隆、嘉庆年间成为仅次於北京的全国第二个政治中心，它融汇了我国多民族的历史、文化、艺术和建筑，使承德成为一座以园林和寺庙著称的著名历史文化名城。外八庙修建於清康熙五十二年至乾隆四十五年(l7l3-l780年)，由溥仁寺、溥善寺、普乐寺、安远庙、普宁寺、普佑寺、须弥福寿之庙、普陀宗乘之庙、殊像寺、广安寺和罗汉堂等11座寺庙组成，这11座寺庙分外八处受北京雍和宫管辖，得名“外八庙”。其中以普宁寺最为完整、壮观。

普宁寺建於清乾隆二十至二十四年(1755-1759年)，占地面积33000平方米，是外八庙中较大的寺庙建筑群。当时清政府平定了厄鲁特蒙古准噶尔部达瓦齐的叛乱，在避暑山庄为厄鲁特四部上层贵族封爵，因他们信奉藏传佛教，故仿三摩耶(又称桑耶寺)建制修建了普宁寺。淆政府希望边疆人民“安其居，乐其业，永永普宁”，取名“普宁寺”。

普宁寺建筑风格独特，它吸收并融合了汉地佛教寺院和藏传佛教寺院的建筑格局，南半部为汉地寺庙的“七堂伽蓝”式布局:中轴线上依次分布着山门、天王殿、大雄宝殿等殿堂;两侧为钟鼓楼和东西配殿，南北长150米，宽70米。北半部为藏式寺庙建筑:以大乘阁为中心，周围环列着许多藏式碉房建筑物——红台、白台以及四座白色喇嘛塔。

清朝末年，普宁寺随着清政府的衰落而衰败。北洋军阀统治时期，军阀盗走大量珍贵文物和佛像。抗日战争时期，日军从外八庙盗走大小金、银、铜佛143尊，殿内用品120件，匾额四块，丹珠尔经、甘珠尔经等13部，其中有的经籍用金字书写，珍珠装饰。1948年承德解放，人民政府成立了外八庙管理处，对断壁残垣、满目疮痍的普宁寺进行维修和保护，对濒临倒塌的大乘阁等建筑进行落架修复，使之得以完好地保存下来。1961年普宁寺被列为全国重点文物保护单位。1985年进驻喇嘛，作为宗教活动场所开放。

普宁寺正门，面阔五间，当中三间石刻拱门，象徵“三解脱门”(空门、无相门、无作门)。殿内供奉的两位天神即“哼哈二将”，是1986年修复时新塑的，高4.34米，木骨泥塑。手持金刚杵，裸露上身，衣缠腰际，瞠目作威猛状。左为密持金刚，右为那罗延金刚。碑亭为平面三间方型，重檐歇山顶，下檐单翘单昂，上檐单翘重昂，黄琉璃瓦绿剪边覆顶。亭内有三座碑，中间是《御制普宁寺碑文》，记载了兴建普宁寺原委和布局;左右为《御制平定准噶尔勒铭伊犁之碑》、《御制平定准噶尔后勒铭伊犁之碑》，记述清政府平定准噶尔部贵族达瓦齐.阿睦尔撒纳的叛乱，巩固西北边防的史实。这三座碑均为乾隆御笔，用满、汉、蒙、藏四种文书写成。钟楼平阔三间，两层楼阁，单檐歇山顶。内悬清朝雍正年间铜钟一尊，高2米，口径1.26米。每日清晨，喇嘛叩击108响，僧人开始上殿念经。佛教称这108声钟声可去108种烦恼，“闻钟声，烦恼清，智慧长，菩提生”。

大殿为重檐歇山顶，覆绿剪边黄琉璃瓦，正脊中央置一藏传佛教寺院建筑特有装饰铜质鎏金宝塔。屋脊、前后垂脊、岔脊头共有十个鸱吻，在建筑上可保护脊垄稳固、不渗水。檐角上各有七个栩栩如生的飞禽走兽像，它们各有其寓意。第一个是龙，能兴风作雨，是帝王象徵。第二个为凤，鸟中之王，指有圣德之人。第三个是狮子，为镇山之王，勇猛威严。第四个是天马，象徵皇帝威德畅达四方。第五个是海马，喻意皇帝威德可通天八海。第六个是狻猊，是一种能食虎豹的猛兽。第七个叫押鱼，为海中异兽，能灭火防灾。大殿正中供奉三世佛，中间是现世佛释迦牟尼，左边是前世佛燃灯，右边是未来佛弥勒，木雕金漆，金光闪烁，仪态庄严。两侧山墙石坛上排列十八罗汉像。北墙绘有八尊度母和胜乐十六天女图，栩栩如生，传神入画。屋顶绘有六字真言。

普宁寺后半部的藏式寺院建筑是模仿桑耶寺风格，通过建筑总体布局和个体造型来反映藏传佛教的世界观，把密宗的曼荼罗等清净佛国理想境界用具体建筑形象表现出来，使整个建筑具有象徵作用。“曼荼罗”的梵语，义为“轮集”，或译作“;轮坛”、“坛城”，是密宗僧侣修行时构筑的法坛，后演变为“圆轮俱足、诸佛集会”的圣坛。普宁寺的后半部就是根据佛经对宇宙的描述设计的。大乘之阁巍然屹立中间，代表须弥山，象徵世界中心，阁之东西则建有日殿和月殿，表示日月环绕宇宙世界运行，阁的四面有四座重层殿宇代表四大部洲:东胜神洲殿象徵风，起着长养万物的作用，形如半月，故建筑月牙形台殿;南瞻部殿象徵火，形为三角，起着促进万物成熟的作用，建成梯形台殿;西牛贺洲殿象徵水，摄受万物，建成椭圆形台殿;北俱卢洲象徵地，保护万物，建成正方形台殿。阁之四隅有四座宝塔，代表佛之“四智”:西北角的白色塔为“大圆境智”，能清楚地反映、认识世界万象;东北角黑色塔为“平等性智”，视世界万物平等无差别;东南角的红色塔为“妙观察智”，表示佛能明察善恶，妙观万法;西南角绿色塔为“成所作智”，表示信佛能成就自利和利他事业。大乘之阁五顶紧密连接，结成一个屋顶组群，四大部洲的台殿和日月殿是把藏式平顶建筑改变比例，作为基座，上建汉式木构建筑，而白台建筑则是藏族形式，这样使汉藏建筑巧妙结合，外形雄伟又具有园林配置，形成汉藏文化相互融合的风格独特的寺庙建筑。

大乘之阁内部分三层，在上下贯通的中部供奉着世界最大的木雕——千手千眼观世音菩萨像。这尊佛像高22.28米，腰围15米，重量达110顿，用松、柏、榆、椴、杉五种木材制成，约需120立方米木材。观音站在莲花座上双手合十，背后又生出40只手来，每只手上有一只眼隋，各持一件法器。造型庄严，慈颜善目，衣纹自然流畅，是宝贵的艺术珍品。

在千手千眼观音两旁是高达l4米的善才和龙女木雕塑像。大乘之阁的二楼供藏五方佛，三楼的迥廊上供奉三世佛和宝塔。阁内的墙壁均用万佛龛装饰，每个佛龛内部都有一尊金漆藏泥无量寿佛，共计一万零九十尊，整个殿堂装饰得金碧辉煌。

大乘之阁东侧还有妙严室，是乾隆皇帝进庙休息之所。西侧有讲经堂，是蒙古佛教首领章嘉国师和哲布尊丹巴呼图克图讲经场所。周围还有八栋共4o间僧房，是上层佛教界人士驻锡之所和喇嘛僧房。据说在乾隆年间，普宁寺有喇嘛二百多人。清末普宁寺开始衰落。

1956年5月，承德市佛教界从内蒙延请30名蒙古族喇嘛进驻普宁寺。他们中有活佛三人，道日本二人，格斯贵二人，翁则达一人，经师一人。其中还有15名年龄在18到21岁的年轻喇嘛，具有初、高中文化水平，兼通蒙语、汉语。现在，普宁寺已有42名喇嘛。喇嘛入寺后，恢复了普宁寺的宗教活动和传统的正月法会、四月法会、六月法会、九月法会和十月法会。

普宁寺喇嘛为了管理好寺庙，成立了“喇嘛教务委员会”和“普宁寺管理处”，制定了《喇嘛岗位责任制度》、《殿堂管理规定》、《门禁制度》等各项规章。为了搞好安全防火工作，普宁寺对殿堂内香火严格管理，供桌上的香炉是躺式泥陶香炉，酥油海灯带有玻璃灯罩，供桌上辅有防火铁板，庙内各院、殿堂部有禁止吸菸广告牌。各殿堂都配备全套消防器材，17名喇嘛组成业馀消防队，经过消防部门培训，能够动作迅速地完成消防任务。自1986年以来，普宁寺每年都要接待六十多万人参观朝拜，中外宾客对普宁寺宏伟的殿堂、整洁的环境和幽美的景色赞不绝囗。这几年，普宁寺被评为承德市“双文明建设先进单位”和卫生、绿化先进单位。河北省承德市佛协理事、普宁寺教务员会格斯贵(铁棒喇嘛)格巴为了方便周围群众治病，办起了“藏医诊所”，用自己采集的草药为群众治病，被群众称为“菩萨神医”。

Добро пожаловать в город нанкин, где всегда есть "Шесть династий цзяочжоу,цзиньлин императорской области" достопримечательности. я гид из средней бригадыпровинции цзянсу _ Все могут звать меня _ гид, или маленький. рядом со мной этотводитель. мастер, его техника вождения очень хорошо, будьте уверены. надеюсь,что в ближайшие дни мы с вами сможем совершить прекрасную поездку в нанкин.Нанкин - один из семи древних столиц китая. в Восточном предместье сушёная горас черепом человека, что доказывает, что 350 тысяч лет назад, были следы"нанкинских обезьян". с начала династии дун у цзянду в 229 г. нашей эры нанкиндесять раз стал Киото, оставив богатое историческое и культурное наследие.нанкин географический район, богатые материальными ресурсами, находится в районе? золотого Треугольника? Янцзы, является важным городом в региональной экономикеКитая. нанкинский внешний транспорт широко известен и представляет собойтрехмерную транспортную систему и сеть для воздушных, шоссейных, железнодорожныхи речных перевозок. нанкин, горы кольцо воды, лук, клетки и юй, город шаньшуйлеса слились в одно целое, природа пейзаж долго славится. Природа одарилананкина живописными горами, сохранившими здесь свою славную культуру. Г - н Суньчжуншань в знаменитых словах рассказал о красоте нанкина: "здесь есть горы, естьравнины, есть глубины, в трех крупнейших городах мира также искренне труднонайти эту достопримечательность". на подножии горы чжуншань, мин Сяолинь,расположенная на подножии горы чуньшань, расположена в зелено - зеленом золотомхолме и имеет великолепное расположение. памятники тайпинского царства, огромныйдворец. в нескольких десятках мавзолей династии Южная династия получила большоемастерство, которое можно назвать гигантской системой, национальной ценностью.нершелита (храм Цися), великолепная фигура, стройная, великолепная, великолепнаядекоративная, это редкость из имеющихся в нашей стране каменных башен.

президентский дворец, мемориальный парк павших героев юйхуатая,мемориальный музей соотечественников, погибших в результате массовых убийств вНанкине, которые были совершены против японской армии в китае, мемориальныймузей в новой деревне мэйюань и мемориал победы в переправу являютсяисторическими свидетельствами демократической революции в нашей стране. озеросюаньюй, три кольца воды, с одной стороны, рядом с городом, сюфэн тайфэн тенибашни, Бибо, можно назвать "золотой Жемчужиной". озеро моуны, содержиттрогательные и печальные легенды, озеро свет тени, цветочный коконник, изящный,изысканный и открытый. особенность нанкина известна как китайская технологияпарча "живые окаменелости" облака и "сокровище нации" Дождь камень, сталпредставителем Нанкинского туристического товара. вкусные закуски цинь Хуай исолёная утка широко известны во всем мире. в этот день нанкин, одновременно ссовременной вежливой экономикой, является красивым пейзажем с красивыми горами,живущими на драконьих досках, город хуаньхуань дворец дворец, уличные структуры,сад сад сад сад сад сад, зеленая площадь... вместе построили красочный альбом,слитый в одно целое горными и водными лесами, и продемонстрировали уникальноеочарование "зеленой древности, города культуры". Говоря о нашем Нанкине,приходится упомянуть четыре конкретных продукта, которые соответствуют ? есть?,? пить?, ? играть? и ? одеваться?: соленая утка, чай с дождями, камни и облака.Долгая история родила нанкин богатейшие туристические ресурсы, восток от горычжуншань пейзаж области, в том числе в горах, мин Сяолинь, храм линьгу ибазальту озеро, запад и Каменный город пейзаж в качестве точки зрения, к югузнаменитый пейзаж цинь Хуай является основным хитом, на севере вдоль реки пейзажобласти, в том числе мост Янцзы, просмотр Реки Лу, храм Цзинхай и другиедостопримечательности. нанкин, в котором собраны горы, вода, город и вэнь, игоры, и горы, и горы, и горы, и горы, и горы, и горы, и горы, и горы, и тучи, ивеликие, и великие, и большие, и большие, и большие, и большие, и большие, ибольшие, и большие, и большие, и большие, и большие, и большие.

亲爱的游客朋友们你们好!我是你们这次旅行的导游小导。今天就由我为大家提供服务，大家如果有什么要求可尽管提出来，我会竭诚为您解决。

敦煌莫高窟和洛阳龙门石窟、大同的云冈石窟并称为中国三大石窟。莫高窟的开凿比龙门石窟早128年、比云冈石窟早94年。莫高窟以它创建年代之久。建筑规模之大、壁画数量之多、塑像造型之多、保存之完整，其艺术价值之博大精深而闻名天下，享誉国内外。一年中游客接踵而来，络绎不绝，对促进文化交流，传播学说，弘扬民族艺术，进行爱国主义教育起了举足轻重的作用。

莫高窟的壁画艺术是龙门、云冈石窟所没有的，是世界上任何石窟寺所无法相比的，它是莫高窟艺术的精髓。如果所45000平方米壁画一张张连接起来将长达25公里，要把这些壁画哪放在路边的话，可以构成个从市区到莫高窟的一条长长的画廊。其规模之宏大，题材之广泛，艺术之精湛，被日本学者称之为“一大画廊”;法国学者称之为“墙壁上的图书馆”;正如一位学者看了莫高窟后感慨的说：“看了离煌石窟就等于看到了世界的古代文明”。

莫高窟俗称千佛洞，“千”这个数字在这里不指具体的数目，而是喻指很多，因为这里有许多佛教塑像、壁画的洞窟，所以俗称为“千佛洞”。莫高窟这个名称最早出现在隋代洞窟第423号洞窟题记中，其名称的由来众说纷纭，莫衷一是，大抵有三种说法：其一，是说菲高窟开凿于沙漠的高处而得名，在古汉语中“沙漠”的“漠”和“莫高窟”的“莫”是通假字;其二是说从藏经洞出土的文书和许多唐代文献都记载，唐代沙州敦煌县境内有“漠高山”、“漠高里”之称，据此考证，鸣沙山在隋唐也称漠高山，因此将石窟以附近的乡、里名称命名;其三是说在梵文里“莫高”之音是解脱的意思，“莫高”是梵文的音译。

由于敦煌自汉魏以来，是汉族和许多少数民族聚集杂居之地，各民族文化在这里交汇、融合;敦煌又是西出西域，东入中原的咽喉要道，自古以来，人们笃信佛教，地方的官使吏、豪门贵族、善男信女以及贫苦的老百姓都拿出银两来开窟、造像、绘画作为自己的家庙来供养佛和菩萨;来往于丝绸古道的商人、使者、僧侣等为了祈佑自己能平安突起塔克拉玛干大沙漠，或取福佑，死后进入天国的投资。于是在鸣沙山的崖壁上，大大小小的窟龛不断涌现。

大家看前边有绿色的地主就是莫高窟，它背靠鸣沙山，面对三危峰，窟区南北全长1600多米，现存洞窟492个，洞窟大小不一，上下错落，密布崖面，每个洞窟里面都有栩栩如生的塑像，婀娜多姿的飞天，精美绝伦的壁画，构图精巧的花砖，构成了一个充满宗教氛围的佛国世界。莫高窟始建于前秦建元二年，也就是公元366年，历经北凉、北魏、西魏、北周、隋、唐、五代、宋、西夏、元等朝代，在现存的洞窟中有壁画45000多平方米，塑像2400余身，最大塑像主，30多米，最大壁画约50平方米。

这些壁画、塑像，在不同程度上反映了我国从4世纪到14世纪上下延续千年的不同时代的社会、生产、生活、交通、建筑、艺术、音乐、舞蹈、民情风俗、宗教信仰、思想变化、民族关系、中外交往等情况。在我国三大石窟中，莫高窟是开凿最早，延续时间最长，规模最大，内容最丰富的石窟群。在世界文化史上也具有珍贵的价值。有“人类文化珍藏”、“形象历史博物馆”、“世界画廊”之称。

现在和我进入洞窟参观，首先我们去参观有名有“藏经洞”。这个洞窟位于系统工程号洞窟甬道的北侧，编号为17窟，洞窟原是晚唐时期河西都僧统洪的“影窟”，有碑文载这一事实。1900年5月的一天，管理莫高窟的道士王圆录在一个偶然的机会，打开了秘百多年的“藏经洞”，这些珍贵无比的文物终于重见天日了，但是清王朝的腐败加之王圆录的愚昧，使这些珍贵的文物遭到了帝国主义分子的肆无忌惮的掠夺和盗劫。1905年沙皇俄国的奥勃鲁切夫来到莫高窟，以六包日用品为诱饵，骗取了一批文物。

1907年，英国人斯坦因，仅用数十块马蹄银，劫取了约一万多卷，同时还有佛教绣品和佛画五百多幅，现藏于大英博物馆;1908年法国人伯希和盗走文物六千多卷，现在藏于巴黎法国国立图书馆和吉美博物馆。1911年10月日本大谷光瑞探险队的吉川小一郎和桔瑞超盗走约九百余卷。直到1910年清政府才将被劫余的文物运往北京，收藏在北京图书馆。在运输途中及运到北京后不少文物被偷、损坏、遗失，是中国考古史上一次难以估量的损失。“藏经洞”发现的这些文书内容包括宗教经典和多种文字写的世欲文书，它涉及到许多学科，是研究古代宗教、政治、经济、军事、文化的重要资料，经过国内外学者几十年的研究、开拓出一门全新热门的学科--敦煌学。

虽然舍不得，但还是不得不说再见了，感谢大家几天来对我工作的配合和给予我的支持和帮助。在这次旅游过程中，还是有很多地方做得不到位，谢谢大家不但理解我而且还十分支持我的工作，这些点点滴滴的小事情使我很感动。也许我不是最好的导游，但是大家却是我遇见最好的客人，能和最好的客人一起度过这难忘的几天这也是我导游生涯中最大的收获。作为一个导游，虽然走的都是一些自己已经熟的不能再熟的景点，不过每次带不同的客人却能让我有不同的感受，在和大家初次见面的时候我曾说，相识即是缘，我们能同车而行即是修来的缘份;而现在我觉得不仅仅是所谓的缘了，而是一种幸运，能为最好的游客做导游是我的幸运。

我由衷地感谢大家对我的支持和配合。其实能和大家达成这种默契真的是很不容易，大家出来旅游，收获的是开心和快乐;而我作导游带团，收获的则是友情和经历。我想这次我们都可以说是收获颇丰吧。我也没有什么可以送大家的就祝

朋友们工作顺利，多挣钞票!

老年朋友们身体健康，多福多寿!

最后，预祝大家旅途愉快，以后若有机会，再来会会您的朋友!

各位游客，大家好，欢迎你来到顺德著名的古典园林清晖园游览。我叫_×，是这里的景点导游，我先预祝各位今天有一个愉快美好的旅程。

顺德“清晖园”与番禺“馀荫山房”、东莞“可园”和佛山“梁园”合称为广东清代四大名园，上世纪九十年代，清晖园更被列入中国十大名园之一，是我市主要的旅游景点。步入清晖园，相信大家都会有一种豁然开朗的感觉，这里就象是繁嚣闹市中的一片蓬莱仙土。

各位游客，大家见到的左手边的一排仿古式民间建筑，就是清晖园史馆，里面陈设有许多图片和文字说明，讲述了清晖园的百年发展历史。现在，大家可以先跟我进去了解一下清晖园的名园春秋。

清晖园，是明代万历状元、礼部尚书、大学士顺德杏坛人黄士俊在太艮(即现在的大良)南郊所建筑的黄家祠、天章阁的旧址，到清朝乾隆年间，黄家衰落，由顺德进士曾出任山西灵石知县的龙应时购得，析产后其子龙廷槐、龙廷梓改建为庄园居住。龙廷槐于乾隆十四年(1749年)出生，自幼聪颖好学，于乾隆五十三年丁未(1788年)考中进士，他初授翰林院编修，不久授监察御史之职，后入值上书房，官至太常卿。到嘉庆五年(1820_年)龙应时病逝，廷槐获准回乡守孝三年，后见皇亲和坤弄权，无心复出，但在乡中威望颇高。到嘉庆十年(1820_年)龙廷槐将父亲生前购得产业的中部拓建成庄园，侍奉母亲居住。一年后，龙廷槐请同榜进士、江苏武进的书法家李兆洛题写“清晖”的园名，意取“谁言寸草心、报得三春晖”，以示筑园奉母是为了报答父母如日光和熙普照之恩。这也是清晖园名的由来。从应时、廷槐、元任、景灿到渚惠，清晖园经历了五代人，屡经修缮，特别是龙渚惠，他曾带领设计师和工匠到苏州一带参观著名庭院，回来后对原建筑物作了一番大规模的修整，逐步形成了格局完整的岭南园林风貌。

It is a famous mountain in the suburb of Taipei. It is like a horizontalstatue of Avalokitesvara. It stands solemnly in the Bali area on the South Bankof the Tanshui River, facing the Tanshui town and the Datun Volcano Group on thenorth bank. It is a famous landmark of the Tanshui estuary.

Guanyin Mountain is not high above sea level, but it is connected with 18small peaks. The highest mountain, qianhanling, is no more than 612 meters. Themountain trails are dense, making it one of the most popular climbing places inthe western suburbs of Taipei. There are many famous temples and ancient templeson the mountain. You can go back to the stream to watch the waterfalls, theeagles and the birds, half of Taipei and the magnificent Datun mountains. It isa rich natural place to watch.

The paths and valleys of Guanyin Mountain extend in all directions. Thereare many different climbing routes. Climbers can choose the path suitable fortheir physical strength. Among them, the most popular route is to start from theGuanyin Mountain stop of Wugu, climb up the mountain steps to Lingyun temple,and then go up from the archway behind the temple. It takes about one hour toreach qianghanling. You can see the whole Taipei City from the north of Xinguangbuilding. On the other side, you can see the mountains and sea of Tatun mountainand Tanshui River mouth.

In the white sky, Guanyin Mountain can feel the simplicity and solemnity ofLengyan Pavilion and kaishanyuan through the old trees on the gate wall, andoverlook the "benling spitting fog" which is one of the eight scenic spots ofDanshui. In the evening, it is most exciting to watch the sunset and the dusk ofDanshui. Or, when the night falls, you can see the night scene of Danshui River,with lights flashing and lights out, which is another beauty of disturbing theworld.

Contrary to appearances, this walkway is not a bridge at all . But how so ? This road is 4 meters above the ground and there is a cavern underneath that was reserved for sacrificial oxen and sheep. The cattle were slaughtered at a slaughterhouse about 500 meters away and brought here for sacrifice. All in all ,it can be said this walkway did serve as bridge and can be looked upon as the first cloverleaf in Beijing.

Looking back at the thoroughfare, you may realize that this walk is gaining height toward its northern end. As people approach the architectural group of the Hall of Prayer for good Harvest, the flanking groves of cypress recede and perspective widens. Here you are in Heaven.

(Costume-Changing Terrace)

the marble terrace up ahead is called jufutai, or CostumeChanging Terrace. It is located to the east of the Red Stairway Bridge and covers a space of 25 square meters .IT has marble Slab balustrades. The day before the service ,officials in charge would put up a yellow satin tent on the terrace for the emperor to change out of his yellow dragon robe into blue ceremonial clothes. After the service, the emperor would return to the tentand change back into his imperial robe before returning to the palace. (Proceed to the South Gate of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest)

(At the Gate of Prayer for Good Harvest)

this structure is called the Gate of Pray for Good Harvest. We can catch a slight glimpse of the central building ,the Hall of Prayer for Good harvest, though the colonnade of the Gate. A gigantic and lofty group of buildings, the complex includes the Gate of Prayer for Good Harvest, the hall of prayer for good harvest, eastern and western annex halls ,the Huanqian (Imperial heaven) Long corridor, Heaven Kitchen, slaughterhouse, etc.

the annex halls were symmetrically built on a 1.5-meter-hignbrick-and-marble terrace ,to set off the loftiness and magnificence of the main hall .This unique building ,38 meters in height, is characterized by a cone-shaped structure with triple eaves and a top that is crowned by a gilt ball. The roofing is made of blue glazed tiles, the color of the sky .Underneath the roof, the beams and bracket are decorated with colored paintings. The base of the structure is a triple-tiered, circular marble terrace. At a distance, the terrace looks like a gigantic, spiraling cloud with the structure perched on top of it .

Today the hall of prayer for good harvest is the hallmark of Beijing, which enjoys a prolonged history of civilization.

(At the base of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest)

The base of the hall is a triple-tiered, circular marble terrace, which is 90 meters in diameter and 6 meters in height ,covering a space of 4,000 square meters. Meticulous accuracy was given to the layout of the structure. In the middle of each three-tiered flight of stairs, there is a giant marble ramp carved in cloud, dragon and phoenix designs. To set off the ramps, the top of the balustrades and downpipes are designed with corresponding floral scrolls. In southern part of each tier, a gigantic bronze incense burner is placed. Sandalwood was burnt in them when rites were observed.

(In front of the hall of Prayer for good harvest)

climbing up this marble terrace, we see the main hall ,a masterpiece of ancient China. Looking up you will see the caisson, or covered ceiling, characterized by complex designs of dragons and phoenixes. In and out , the hall is decorated with colored drawing of dragons and phoenixes.

Without the use of steel ,cement and nail, and even without the use of big beams and crossbeams, the entire structure is supported by 28 massive wooden pillars and number of bars, laths, joints and rafters. The four central pillars, called the dragon-Well Pillars, are 19.2 meters high and painted with designs of composite followers, representing the four season. There are two rings of 12 scarlet pillars each. The inner ring represents the 12 months and the outer rings the 12 divisions of the day and night .Between the two rings there are 24 partitioned spaces to mark the solar terms of the Chinese lunar year. The pillars, 28 in number, also represent the 28 constellations in the universe- the ancient Chinese believed that there were 28 constellations that made up the sky.

The center of the stone-paved floor is a round marble slab, which is 88.5 centimeters in diameter. Interestingly, the slab features natural black and white veins, corresponding to the dragon-phoenix design on the ceiling. This particular slab is known as the Dragon-phoenix stone and is regarded as a treasure inseparable from the hall.

The furnishings within the hall are placed in their original positions dating back to when Emperor Xianfeng ruled .In the forefront and above the throne are enshrined tablets in commemoration of Heaven. On either table on each side tablets of the emperor` s ancestors were placed. Each tablet is fronted by an altar. A total of 24 kinds of offering were made on it ,including soup, wine, assorted cereals, and a calf.

The sacrificial rites were observed in the wee hours of the morning, sometime in the first month of the Chinese lunar year. Because it was still dark, candles, lanterns and torches were lit. This lighting coupled with the incense being burnt inside the hall ,helped make the ceremony both grand and mystical.

By the time the service began,207 musicians and dancers would be performing on platforms outside the hall. The emperor, in his blue sacrificial robe and with an air of piety and sincerity, would walk slowly into the hall, kowtow, and offer wine and prayer in hornor of the deities and his ancestors. All of the offerings would then be taken to incinerators on the eastern side of the gate of prayer for Good Harvest. With this we conclude our visit to the Temper of Heaven. The feudal monarchs and their sacrificial rites have long vanished in history .However, this group of magnificent and lofty structures remain as a fine testament of the ancient Chinese` s ingenuity and as one of the cultural heritages of mankind.

(On the Long Corridor)

From the Eastern Gate of the hall of prayer for good harvest, we have now enter a 300-meter-long corridor. Consisting of 72 sections, this corridor served as a connecting building between the Slaughterhouse. Heaven Kitchen, and the main hall ,It is said that this once served as a sacrificial food production line. Flanking the corridor are shopping stalls. You may find some souvenirs for your family and friend there.

Well ,that is all for this tour. Thank you for your attention. I look forward to your next visit. Good luck and bon voyage.