昆明导游词英文介绍精选20篇

"Je t aime, Paris!" Paris, prehistoric burial at sea level under the land, in the city of more than 20xx years later, the name will not let anyone strange. Huadu, the world famous historical and cultural city known as the city of light, romantic, fashion, food of all... Maybe you just want to go to the avenue montaigne likes shopping, maybe just want to take a walk to the river Seine, maybe you just want to go to Michelin restaurant taste French dinner, on the left bank may just want to drink coffee, maybe you just want to go to the Louvre to see the Mona Lisa smile... Maybe the earth only Paris can satisfy everyones expectations.

Paris from the earliest channel island, on the left bank to the river Seine is divided into the right bank, after several expansion, Paris now has "small Paris" and "greater"; Refers to the small Paris is divided into 20 downtown district of Paris, the French population "Paris" and indicated in the address of "Paris" generally refers to the Paris city, zip code for the 750 , most of the attractions such as the Eiffel Tower, the Louvre, Notre Dame DE Paris located in Paris, attractions relatively concentrated, so walking is a good choice. The greater is the small plus around Paris suburb of seven provinces of Ile DE - France (French island district), there are many worthy to place, such as the palace of Versailles, Fontainebleau, Disneyland, etc.

Once backpackers in Opera (Opera house), with the gradual rise of land price in Paris, has various levels of tourists all over Paris any corner of the left bank and Montmartre became to be bestowed favor on newly. Developed and convenient public transport is the first choice for travel, ride a bike or walk is also a good idea. In an urban area, drive is definitely not a good choice, the Paris government environmental protection very discouraged road trip to Paris.

各位游客朋友们：

大家好!非常欢迎大家来到野三坡民族园度假村游览。我是民族园区内的导游员，今天由我来为大家做导游服务，希望我的导游能给大家带来一份好的心情，并预祝大家玩得开心，愉快。

首先，我把野三坡给大家做个简要介绍：

野三坡地处河北省涞水县境内，总面积600平方公里，距北京中心仅120余公里，是距首都北京最近的国家级风景名胜区，被首都市民形象地称为“北京的后花园”。这里不仅风光秀丽，而且交通条件也非常便利。京原铁路在野三坡有三座中间站，分别是野三坡站、苟各庄站和福山口站。其中前两站分别位于拒马河和百里峡的两个重点景区。108国道及省道纵横交错，四通八达，东可至北京、天津;南可到保定、石家庄;西可去太原;北可去门头沟、张家口和呼和浩特等。所以说野三坡是太行山北段的重要交通枢纽，可谓是“条条大路通三坡”。

野三坡自古就有“世外桃园”之称，那“三坡”之名是怎么来的呢?原来这里的地势由南向北逐渐增高，分为上、中、下三坡，上坡和下坡的气候相差半月有余，山下的核桃已结果，山上的核桃树才开花，可见三坡之名是由地势变化，气候不同而产生的。那么“野”字是怎么回事呢?据《涿洲志》载，明初燕王朱棣兴师扫北行至野三坡境内的奴才岭时，见一只松鼠在那里捧食松果，燕王以为在对他拱手施礼，就对左右曰：“兽且如此，况人民乎!”于颁恩诏免除丁粮。三坡人民也免除了一场灾难。“松鼠讨封”的故事至今在三坡广为流传。时至清兵入关推翻明朝后，清政府对三坡地区实行重赋，不许三坡人民加入科举考试的行列，还经常骚扰三坡人民。三坡人民就组织了家道殷实，素孚众望的“老人官”来管理坡内的一切事务。这也许就是有记载的中国最早的民主选举制度。后来康熙皇帝上五台山寻父路经三坡，三坡人民奋力抵抗。康熙皇帝称三坡人民为“穷山恶水，野夫刁民”强给三坡人民加个“野”字，这就是野三坡的来历。

野三坡由七大风景区组成，分别是百里峡自然风景游览区、佛洞塔奇泉怪洞游览区、龙门峡长城文物保护区、金华山寻奇狩猎游览区、百草畔原始森林开发区、拒马河避暑疗养游乐区以及新开发的三皇山景区。在这七大景区内分布着数百个风景点，是山水泉洞、林木花草、鸟兽鱼虫、文物名胜无所不包、无所不奇的综合性自然美整体。

现在请大家随着我由前寨门去民族园内了解一下六个民族的风土人情和民族文化。民族园的前身是野三坡度假村。于1986年对外开放接待游客。为落实全国政协22位少数民族委员关于在北京周边兴建56个少数民族村寨的提案。于1992年在度假村建成了北方地区最大的少数民族村寨—苗寨。1995年又进行升级改造，形成了吃、住、行、游、购、娱于一体的少数民族文化村寨。为了丰富民族文化，今年春天，旅游集团公司又改建了侗寨、摩梭寨，并新建了傈僳寨、独龙寨、爱伲寨，组成六个少数民族村寨，形成“民族园”。

前面这个木质牌楼式建筑便是苗族“寨门”了。说起苗族，它是一个具有历史悠久的跨境民族，主要分布在数十多个国家和地区。我国是苗族的发祥地，其悠久的历史造就了该民族独具特色的建筑、饮食、服装、文化艺术。.请大家继续看一下这个寨门，虽叫寨门却无门板，不能关闭，在真正的苗乡，有时用两棵翠竹的顶端拧在一起来作为“寨门”。在苗族同胞看来寨门的防卫作用是信念上的，不在乎它的实际安全功能，只是用来作为寨子内外的一种标志而已。寨门是苗族同胞们迎来送往宾客的公共场所，遇到宾客进寨，男女老少便群集在门外设置拦路酒，而两侧的苗家的姑娘小伙们一边吹着芦笙，一边唱着拦路歌，一边跳着欢快的舞蹈，隆重地为宾客举行欢迎仪式，表现了苗族同胞的热情好客。

寨前坡后的这些郁郁葱葱的树木是保寨树，它象征着苗族同胞的生生不息，深受着苗族同胞的垂青。在苗族同胞的心目中，不管是人工种植的还是天然生成的，只要被视为能使其风调雨顺、寨泰民安的“保寨树”一概不能砍伐，甚至枯枝败叶都不能带回家烧，如果哪家淘气的孩子，不小心折了一棵，母亲便会带上孩子来到这棵树前焚香祷告，祈求老天的饶恕。苗族同胞如此敬重树木，可能是经历了滥砍乱伐，生态平衡被破坏而造成灾难的过程，他们不懂得环境保护的科学道理便以树木有灵作解释了。

大家看到的这些吊脚楼便是苗族同胞的民居了。度假村苗居是根据贵州苗居修建成的，它的吊脚楼的基本特点是楼角不在同一水平面上造成一种高低错落，虚实相同的艺术效果，而民居的建筑特点是在二楼宽敞明亮的走廊上设置的这种“美人靠”，美人靠是苗族姑娘做针线活和梳妆打扮的地方，据说在“美人靠”上靠一靠会越来越年轻漂亮，您不防也来试试看，看是否真的越靠越漂亮呢?

苗族的服装多为自纺、自织、自染、自绣的，款式多过一百余种，头饰以银饰为主。每到演出时间，苗家姑娘会身着盛装出场，重点推出“上刀梯”、“下火海”等扣人心弦的精彩节目。

现在映入我们眼帘的是苗侗茶园，到了这里您可以品尝到来自苗乡侗寨独特的苦丁茶。苦丁茶是一种生长在我国云贵高原的乔木，树高七、八米，枝叶茂盛。用它的叶子加工成茶，其味道相当独特。泡出来的茶色淡黄、柔和，品其味道不但有咖啡的苦香，又有薄荷的清凉，且有甘草的香甜，若在炎炎夏日品上一道苦丁茶，会使您顿感全身凉爽、精神百倍，品其茶，思其道。一杯苦丁茶，却蕴含着人生大道理——先苦后甜，真是其味无穷。

品完了苦丁茶再带您到侗族民居展厅···

侗族主要分布在贵州、湖南和广西三省交界区，人口共28万，语言属汉藏语系布水语支。他们的村寨沿口而建，依山傍水而居，居住的是木板吊脚楼，建筑上最具代表的是鼓楼和风雨桥。侗族又分为南侗和北侗两大方言区和文化区，侗族的文化艺术主要以南侗为主。是一个民俗众多的古老民族，礼仪习俗更是形形色色，这里的人个个能歌善舞，热情好客，人们称赞她们为“诗人的故乡”、“歌的海洋”。侗族的文化更是丰富多彩、色彩斑斓，服装款式别具一格，乐器造型独特，声音奇异。最擅长的乐器是牛脚琴，琵琶和芦笙。舞蹈古朴而豪放，最典型的是多耶舞。侗族多耶舞是团结友爱的意思，也是侗族地区传统节目必须举行的集体性舞蹈，由一个人领唱，姑娘、小伙儿身着盛装，在月光下的篝火旁手牵手同歌共舞，老人小孩和宾朋也随后加入，优美的歌曲伴着轻柔的舞姿给人一种美的享受。侗族的板鞋舞幽默风趣，等表演时大家可以去积极参与。另外，还有节奏明快竹杆舞，在侗族的原始部落中，人们常以竹棍为武器，驱赶牲畜。每当狩猎胜利归来，人们常以竹杆棍棒相互敲打，以之欢庆，无意中发现敲打时，能发生清脆的响声，于是人们在生产过程中不断加工整理，发展成了今天的侗族竹杆舞。侗族的节日特别多，最大、最热闹的节日主要是正月十五的歌堂令。二月十八的山歌令，三月三的花炮节，六月的粽粑节以及九月九的芦笙节等。今年的民族园要在九月九举办此节，请各位有兴趣的前来参加。而侗族的风俗场面最大的恐怕要数接亲了。男方在接亲时必须以歌赢得对方，否则以酒相罚，喝酒时还有一个特点，那就是侗族小姑娘边唱歌边揪对方的耳朵把酒喝下以示尊重客人，好比咱们见了客人面首先要握手一样。在接亲途中如遇到桥，新郎必须背新娘过桥，途中不许休息、不许摔下桥，否则婚姻不成。到男方家后，拜天地交换接亲之物，然后新娘当日返回娘家，住3个月后再被接回才算正式结束，男女双方才能生活在一起。

前面是摩梭寨，摩梭人属于纳西族的一个支系，主要居住在金沙江东部的云南省宁蒗县以及四川盐源，木里等县，人口约四万余人。摩梭人喜欢依山而居，房屋是用木材垒盖起来的，当地称“木楞房”。摩梭人的传统节日有春节、端午节、朝山节、祭祖节等。其中以春节、朝山节最为隆重。朝山节是每年农历七月二十五日，永宁的摩梭人都要举行朝拜格姆山的活动，这叫转女神山。传说在远古以前，永宁村有一位美丽漂亮的姑娘叫格姆，她不仅有出众的容貌，还能吹奏悦耳的竹笛，她的美名远扬，九村十八寨的小伙子们都慕名前来向她求婚，不料天上的一位男神看中了她，便用一阵旋风将格姆卷上了天。整个寨子里的人都倾寨而出齐声呼叫追赶，男神在慌乱中失了手，格姆则重重地摔在地上，她死了之后，身体化成了一座山，灵魂却变成了一个女神。常常骑着一匹白马，巡游在永宁上空，主管着当地摩梭妇女的生育和疾病，并能保佑当地人畜繁衍，谷物丰产，风调雨顺。大家为了纪念格姆，于是每年的农历七月二十五日都要举行盛大的朝山活动，今年我们也将增设这个节日，欢迎大家来参予我们的活动。摩梭人在13岁以前，不论男女都穿长衫，少男剃光头，少女留小辫，直到13岁时，家人要为之举行成年礼，女孩叫“穿裙礼”男孩叫“穿裤礼”。成年礼在农历正月初一清晨举行，举行成年礼后，便开始改变服饰。

摩梭人的婚姻与家庭习俗非常与众不同，现行的婚姻形态主要是阿夏异居婚。“阿夏”是摩梭语，意为亲密的伴侣。所谓“阿夏”异居婚就是男不娶妻，女不嫁人，男女双方各居母家，男子只是夜晚到女阿夏家居住，清晨返回母亲家里参加生产、劳动，这叫“走婚”。阿夏异居婚子女，属女方家庭成员，姓氏随母，由女方家共同承担抚养义务，生父与子女不在一个家庭生活，男方没有法定的抚养子女的义务。男女双方一生可结交多个阿夏，但不可同时结交两个，只有跟一个终止了阿夏关系后，才能结交另一个。男女双方建立阿夏关系完全以情爱作基础，不受家庭，地位的影响，所以从未发生过情杀、自杀，更不会牵涉到家庭和社会的纷争。另一咱婚姻形态是阿夏同居婚，这种婚姻形态是在阿夏异居婚的基础上发展起来的。男女双方不再各居母家，而是同居一家，或者男到女家，或者女到男家，共同生产，养育子女。这种婚姻是在男女双方经过长期异居走婚，感情较为牢靠，且年纪已近中年后组合的。除了上述的两种婚姻形式外，还有一部分人实行一夫一妻制。

摩梭人的家族多属母系大家庭，一般都在一二十人左右。在家族饮食上，不论男女老幼都是平等的，他们以大米、玉米为主食，分菜时先敬长辈，后给晚辈，以示礼貌。摩梭人能歌善舞，较为流行的是“甲磋舞”俗称“打跳”，“甲”为美好之意，“磋”为跳舞的意思，即为美好时辰而舞蹈，“打跳”不受时间、空间限制，男女老少均可参加。旧时“打跳”据传说有72种，可惜相传至今只有13个调了。

出了摩梭寨，我们现在看到的这座楼是爱伲保健楼，爱伲人是哈尼族的一个支系，在西双版纳分布很广，她们的房子主要居住在半山坡上。在爱伲保健楼上，爱伲小姑娘会用她们祖传的“捏手背法”为旅途劳累的客人消除疲劳。捏手捏背是每个爱伲小姑娘长到十岁以后，请教长辈传授得来的，这也是尊重老人的一种美德。成年以后的爱伲小姑娘的“捏手捏背”也是生产劳动中不可缺少的一项活动，它可以使人解除疲劳，增强体质，活血养颜。我建议未婚的男士一定要娶一位温柔娴慧的爱伲姑娘来做您的新娘。另外，勤劳朴实的爱伲人总是赤脚上山劳动(爱伲习俗)，但他们都拥有健康的体质，为什么呢?原来爱伲人有一种神奇的中草药足疗法，从医学角度分析，足是判断一个人衰老程度的标志，运用西双版纳特有的姜黄、防蜂、穿心莲、金银花等数十种名贵草药足疗可起到活血化淤、消炎止痛、消除疲劳、提高人体免疫力、促进气血通畅，从而延缓衰老的功效。休闲之余，劝您不防上去泡泡脚，感受一下云南中草药其独特的中医疗效。

爱伲人不仅善良、热情而且好客，不管谁家来了客人，进门先要干三碗酒，酒是爱伲人的生命，上至老人，下至儿童，对酒都情有独钟。他们的酒都是自制的玉米酒，香而烈，酒精度相当于白酒的50度。爱伲人的生活习俗是富有诗意的，婚姻习俗又是爱伲人历史文化遗产的一部分，这里的青年男女享有充分的社会自由，实行的是一夫一妻制，并且严禁近亲通婚。“抢亲”和“大嫂当家”是爱伲人婚恋习俗的主要表现形式。这里的“抢亲”不是真抢，只是一种形式和风俗。通过种种形式的接触和交往，彼此情投意合，男方就备彩礼到女方家求婚，女方父母故意提出异国异议，由此引起抢亲，在此事前双方父母经过密谋策划，在约定的时间和路口小伙子带领村寨的男青年一拥而出，挟持姑娘，把姑娘抢走后的第二天再次去女家说亲，女方父母见生米煮成熟饭，不宜再干涉，只得表示同意，正式举行婚礼。“大嫂当家”是氏族大家庭的生产由父亲和大儿子管理，生活由母亲和大儿媳管理.实际上大儿媳在大家庭中负担最重，因为婆婆年纪大了，全家人吃、穿、用全由大儿媳管理，起到了婆婆的作用。爱伲人的家族，实际上是大嫂当家。

在服饰上爱伲人喜欢用自己染织的藏青色土布做衣服。未婚的女孩儿极爱打扮，衣服上经常镶着许许多多圆形和扁形的银饰品，这种服饰一直保持到壮年。进入晚年后衣服和帽子上的圆形和扁形的银饰品逐渐减少，甚至完全去掉，穿一身毫无饰品的黑色衣裙。爱伲人信仰“万物有灵”，主要祭祀活动有祭天、祭山和祭龙。

在这里，我们看到的这个绘着图案的大门，这便是爱伲人的寨门了。她们的寨门也是区分寨子内外的一种标志。大家仔细看会看见两只展翅欲飞的鹰。鹰是爱伲族的象征，牛则是祖先们崇敬的一种动物，一直留传至今，所以在寨门上看见牛就不足为奇了。再看两根立柱上各有一人头图像，男左女右，象征着爱伲的婚姻是一夫一妻制，更代表着家庭合合美美。寨门的名称是根据地形、地貌和环境而定的。

前面我们便看到了由爱伲人让营的爱伲餐厅，餐厅菜的特点聚集了南北方的传统风味，使大家不但能尝到云南地区独特风味的烧烤，还能吃到北方的特色菜。在爱伲餐厅用餐，在您品尝着美味佳肴的同时，还能欣赏到爱伲小姑娘精彩的的歌舞表演。餐厅还有一个展示功能，在爱伲餐厅的墙壁上，挂着爱伲人的生产、生活用具和自织的民族服装，这也是他们民族文化发展的一个象征。来到了爱伲餐厅，您不仅可吃到具有爱伲风味的可口饭菜，还可喝到爱伲小姑娘敬的玉米酒，同时还能了解到爱伲丰富的民族文化，真是一举数得，真诚的欢迎各位朋友在爱伲餐厅用餐。独特风味的饭菜、赏心悦目的表演一定会让您留恋忘返。

继续往上走，便看见了两幢爱伲民居楼，民居的特点是石板、砖木混合结构。在西双版纳的爱伲寨其上层住人，下层则储粮或栓牲畜，每幢居民楼都有两个楼梯，正门走男子和客人，女子走侧门，并且女子不能和客人同餐。

大家在半山腰看到的这尊塑像是葫芦妈祖像，葫芦妈祖是爱伲人的祖先。传说在远古时有一对母女俩种了一颗葫芦，这个葫芦越长越大，十余人都围不过来。有一天发洪水，母女俩从葫芦上挖了个洞躲在了里面，一直到洪水退后才出来，结果发现所有的人都葬生在了这场洪水中。她们知道人类不能就此灭绝，于是向上天祷告，想要老天来帮助她们能繁衍后代。在她们诚意的感召下，天上刮来一阵巨风，身上顿时奇痒难忍，一会儿的功夫，她们身上的汗毛变成许多小孩及飞禽走兽，大家有兴趣的话可以到妈祖像前祭拜妈祖，留影留念。

前面的少数民族村寨是独龙寨。“独龙”一词因独龙江而命名，是该民族的自称。居住区位于缅旬北部和中国云南、西藏以四川交界，总人口近万人，是人口最少的一个少数民族。语言属汉藏语系、藏缅语族。历史上称独龙族为“俅人”。独龙族历史上也没有本民族文字。独龙族习惯选择较高难行的山坡上造屋，由于地势条件限制，发展非常缓慢，原来的男女服饰只披一块麻布遮羞。独龙族信仰世间万物皆有灵魂，所以灵魂观念、鬼的观念、天的观念一直是独龙族原始信仰的核心。灵魂观念的具体表现形式即妇女的纹面，独龙族人认为，人死后其灵魂会变成一种色彩艳丽的蝴蝶，所以就在整个脸盘上纹一只似张开翅膀的蝴蝶。独龙族一年一度的传统节为“卡雀娃”，时间一般在腊月。十二月二十九日为除夕，三十日为岁首。节日期间，要举行射猎大、祭山神，最为隆重的就是传统的剽牛祭天，以求同福，剽牛祭天是典型的原始遗风。剽牛前，妇女把珠链挂在牛角上，为牛披上美丽的独龙毯之后，由主持年祭的家族长把牛拴在广场当中的木桩上。祭司点然松明，念诵祝词，祈求天神为独龙人带来好年景。人们围成圆圈，敲起铜锣，跳起牛锅桩舞。此时，勇敢的猎手持锋利竹矛剽牛，牛被剽倒后，倒卧及牛舌吐出的方向，成为祭司占卜的祈年的重要依据，看过牛舌后，祭司说：“吉”。剽牛的猎手便开始豪迈的饮酒，牛的主人背着割下的牛头，和全村人一起跳牛锅庄舞。凡参加聚会的大人、小孩，每人分一份牛肉，当场烧食、歌舞欢庆、通霄达旦，祈祷来年粮食丰收，人丁发达，六畜兴旺。

在爱伲餐厅的对面是傈僳展厅。傈僳族人口有57.8万。大部分聚居在滇西北怒江傈僳族自治州境内。傈僳族多居高山缓坡地带，村寨之间相距较远，住房以木楞房和木板房为主。傈僳族纯朴善良，素有“路不拾遗，夜不闭户”的美誉。傈僳族历史悠久，从语言系属和地理分布考察，可推断是古代羌族群的后裔。傈僳语属汉藏语系、藏缅语族葬语支。傈僳族过去信仰原始宗教，相信万物有灵，凡丧葬、节庆、疾痛都要请巫师“尼扒”杀牲祭鬼，尊神卜卦。

傈僳族婚姻实行一夫一妻制，婚前恋爱自由，但在过去恋爱往往由父母包办。解放后，傈僳族的婚俗逐步得到了改变，包办婚姻，买卖婚姻逐渐减少。各地的结婚仪式大同小异，结婚那天女方备好酒肉，带上女儿穿的衣服和织麻布用的工具，请亲友将女儿送到男家，伴送的人越多越好。新娘到男方家时，新郎站在门前，由守门司把门推开，支客司即端来两碗酒堵在门口，新娘和新郎必须各碗喝一口，人们送新娘进屋后即算正式成婚，没有拜天地习俗。傈僳族的传统节日有阔时节和赶山节等，“阔时”意为新伴，且为傈僳族一年中最隆重的喜庆节日。每年的农历十二月二十日举行。赶山节是在每年的农历五月初五端午节这天，是傈僳人登高聚会的日子。傈僳族能歌善舞，舞蹈动作主要在脚上，基本步伐有“单脚跳、双脚跳、踏步、蹲步”等，时而激烈，时而悠缓，形成山区民族特有的舞蹈风格。

顺着这条通路往下走，我们又看到了民族园内的又一个餐厅——十八怪餐厅。它是一个具有云南民族风味的餐厅。一听“十八怪”这个名字觉得就很有意思。那“十八怪”都有哪十八怪呢?1、竹桷当烟袋，2、草帽当锅盖，3、这边下雨那边晒，4、四季服装同穿戴，5、火车没有汽车快，6、不通国内通国外，7、老奶上山比猴快，8、鞋子后面多一块，9、脚趾四季露在外，10、鸡蛋拴着卖，11、粘粑叫饵块，12、小和尚谈恋爱，13、花生蚕豆数着卖，14、三个蚊子一盘菜，15、四个竹鼠一麻袋，16、少妇比小姑娘可爱，17、姑娘叫老太，18、背着娃谈恋爱。现在您明白什么是云南十八怪了吧!它不仅仅名字起的怪，里边的特色菜也是一流的。最有名的是云南的过桥米线和汽锅鸡。里边的工作人员也是少数民族演员兼职的。用餐的同时，你可欣赏到傈僳、摩梭演员精心为您准备的一台带有民族特色的表演、以及体验到傈僳、摩梭姑娘独特的敬酒方式。由为介绍的是傈僳族的同心酒，主客两人共捧一大碗酒，互相搂着脖子或肩膀，手拉手，脸贴脸，同时共饮，表示两人同心之意，这就是傈僳人民待客最高的祠节。

现在映入视线的舞台，每天上午、下午、晚上三场表演都将在这里举行，由其是晚上的民族大联欢，各个民族都会拿出“绝活”来登台献艺，再配上先进灯光设备及音响一定让您大饱眼神福。

从民族园后寨门出来，我们顺着公路往下走，会看到一条与青山相绕，游路交错的河流，叫拒马河，也是我们的七大景区之一。下面我们就把七大景区给大家作个简要介绍。

据《涿州志》载，公元前320xx年到公元前320xx年，羯族将领石勒率十万大军从太行山北段攻入河北境内晋朝大将刘琨在这个山河险要之地抗拒入侵兵马，顾此称为拒马河。拒马河起源于涞源县，汇入海河，拒马河流经野三坡70余华里，在每年七、八月份，拒马河的平均水温在20度到22度。拒马河水水质优良。清澈见底，常年不干枯，冬天不结冰，成了人们消夏避署，休闲度假的旅游圣地。

佛洞塔景区：佛洞塔是一座山峰的名字，因山形似塔，峰上有洞，洞中有佛而得名。远在辽金以前，峰顶就有大量的寺庙建筑，后来在战乱中被毁，在佛洞塔山麓，有一被列为河北省“八大怪泉”之一的鱼古洞泉，怪就怪在此泉每年的农历谷雨时节前后都要往外喷一种鱼，这种鱼黑脊白肚皮，鱼香肉美，鱼骨坚硬，最多时可达两千余斤，当地人称它为“石口鱼”，学名“多磷矿颌鱼”，每到捕鱼季节。这里的老乡便会携筐背篓，前去捕捞，热闹非凡，此泉被列为世界奇泉。在距鱼古洞泉300米处，有一天然溶洞，洞中有类似石人石马的钟乳石像和石幔组成，里面分为龙王洞、龙女洞和仙女洞，在那里可以听到许多富有传奇色彩的动人故事。

龙门峡景区：位于野三坡的西北，与涿鹿交界，由大龙门城堡、龙门峡摩崖石刻、蔡树庵长城三部分组成。这三处均被列为河北省重点文物保护单位。龙门峡是古时通往塞外的交通要道，自古就是兵家必争之地，大龙门城堡便成了这一咽喉要道上的重要关隘。明、清曾有许多将土在这里守边，在距离城堡西北一华里的峡谷一侧的石壁上，曾有历代守关将士的20余处石刻，有的描写山河壮美，有的描写地势险要，抒发了将士的爱国之情，最大的一幅高为2.15米，这些石刻运笔自如，笔力遒劲，是难得的书法珍品，许多文人墨客都形象的称龙门峡为“文化长廊。”

金华山景区：有一望无际的林海，而最出名的就要属拉拉湖瀑布了。这种瀑布在景区内随外可见，很是壮观，在该景区内，还有被称为“活化石”的千年银杏，以及古建生辉的清禅寺，寺内壁画栩栩如生，画技和工艺都堪称一绝，据说金华山顶每六十年还会发出闪闪放光的景象。

白草畔景区：白草畔是野三坡的至高峰，主峰海拔1983米，是京西四大高峰之一，这里动植物资源非常丰富，据专家调查，仅脊椎动物多达184种，列为国家重点保护的就有15种。而植物资源就多达92种，713种。白草畔被有关人士称为太行山的“绿色明珠”。

百里峡景区：百里峡全长105华里(52.5公里)。故此称为白里峡。百里峡由3条峡谷组成，分别是蝎子沟，海堂峪，十悬峡，这三条峡谷形如鹿角，迂回曲折。蝎子沟全长12.5公里，因沟内遍布蝎子草而得名。主要景点有“摩耳崖”“铁索崖”等。十悬峡全长22.5公里，是由峡谷内分布着数十个造型各异的悬崖而得名。里面的景点由“抻牛湖”、“灵芝洞”、“不见天”等组成。海棠峪全长17.5公里，是由沟内生长一种海棠花而得名，说起海棠花还留传着海棠女大义救父的故事。著名的景点有：“老虎嘴”、“一线天”、“回首观音”、“天桥”等，是精华中的精华。

三皇山景区：是一处新开发的景区，总面积9.9平方公里，是一处集田园风光，人文古迹于一体的自然风景区。三皇山由天皇、地皇、人皇三皇组成，还有著名的“珍珠庵”据说贵妃沈珍珠曾在这里带发出过家。

现在展现在我们面前这座仿古建筑——“祭坛”是《三国演艺》的一个外景基地。“刘备登基”及大多数祭祀活动场景都是在此拍摄的，祭坛的下面，是一处酒吧娱乐城。对面这位神态安祥的老夫子是祖籍涞水县南朝著名数学家祖冲之，他在当时把圆周率精确到小数点后七位，比欧州整整早了1100多年，而且他在天文、历法、机械制造等方面都有杰出的贡献，深受人们的敬仰。大家再抬头看一下，对面的这座山峰叫如意岭，顾名思义是因为它的形状像一块玉如意，才起的这么好听的名字。

半天来，我带大家游览了整个民族园度假村，我的导游服务即将要结束了，真诚的感谢大家在我工作中给予的帮助和支持，我们的民族园度假村是一个年轻的企业，属集团公司的一个分公司，并且今年秋季我们打算还要在民族园招商、投资多个项目，其中准备兴建一座三星级的酒店，集吃、住、娱乐、会议于一体，总床位达到四百多个。再有是准备与北京的投资商合作开发拒马娱乐广场，准备投入资金一千万元兴建拒马娱乐城，还有准备到明年开春时，扩建民族园达数十个少数民族。

我谨代表野三坡族游集团公司真诚的欢迎有识之士来三坡投资置业、旅游观光，有时间再来野三坡民族园做客。谢谢合作!

王府正殿，俗称“银安殿”是王府内举行重要礼节性活动的场所，在殿内中心位臵摆放一组屏风和亲王的宝座。与故宫的金銮殿相对应的。金銮殿是皇帝

召见、举行重大典礼仪式的地方。

你现在看到的这座高大的建筑是本次大修中按同治光绪年间的原样新建的。最初的银安殿连同东西配殿在内的整个院落于一九二一年正月十五元宵节夜因烧香失火被毁。

银安殿的新建历程：

银安殿是按照当时严格的清廷建筑规制、王府建筑中的最高规格屋顶——歇山顶修复而成的。

游客们请观察正殿屋顶筒瓦的颜色，屋脊上吻兽个数，正门门钉的个数等，与你们所见的故宫有何不同?

皇宫屋顶覆盖金黄色琉璃，是皇权的象征;王府正殿的屋顶覆盖绿色琉璃筒瓦、屋脊上绿色琉璃吻兽，配殿屋顶为灰筒瓦，那是明示亲王的地位。

门钉。在古建筑里，门钉只在板门上使用。当初用来提防敌人用火攻城，所以在涿弋上涂满了泥，起防火作用。门钉一般是铜制的。清朝则对门钉的使用有一定的规制。皇家建筑，每扇门的门钉是横竖各九路，一共是九九八十一个钉。九是阳数之极，象征帝王最高的地位。因为帝王庙是供奉历代帝王的，所以也是横竖九路门钉;王府七路乘七路，但是亲王府七路乘九路;再往下就是五路乘五路。

2、多福轩

此院俗称“藤萝院”。正殿在和珅时期称之谓“延禧堂”，是和珅之子与公主的居所。恭亲王时期称之谓“多福轩”，是王府的穿堂客厅，主要用于主人日常接待来客、亲友或前来回禀公事的下属，兼用作存放皇帝送来的礼物。“多福轩”此匾为咸丰皇帝所题。意为幸福很多的殿堂。殿内正中悬挂“同德延禧”匾额，意在告诫主人：你与皇帝同德才能延禧(禧：吉祥如意、福寿绵长)。请大家仔细观察殿内四壁靠近天花板的地方皆悬挂福寿字匾，这些福寿字均写于红色方纸之上(即“斗方”)呈梭形摆放，一福一寿成对制成匾额。清代自康熙以后，每年入冬，皇帝都要亲自书写“福”“寿”字，颁赐给王、公、大臣、后妃。逢重大生日庆典，还会加赐“寿”字。按惯例，旧年的福寿字斗方不能揭去，而是将新赐的福寿字斗方直接贴在旧的上面，取“增福添寿”之意。现在你看到的就是原样复制的。

请大家仔细观察屋梁上保留下来的乾隆时期的凤和玺彩画，虽然仅残留局部的凤尾图案，却有特殊的价值，它的存在证实了府邸东路曾为公主府 。

和玺彩画又称宫殿建筑彩画，这种建筑彩画在清代是一种最高等级的彩画，大多画在宫殿建筑上或与皇家有关的建筑之上。

3、乐道堂

这里是东路建筑中最大的一处，也是最后一进院落，正房名“乐道堂”。室内梁上至今保存了200多年前清中期包袱锦地彩画和凤凰主题彩画，表明和珅时期这里曾是公主的居所。到了恭亲王时期这里是王爷的居室。现在室内按恭亲王居住时的原样陈列。“乐道堂”的匾额是道光帝亲笔所书赐给奕忻的，“安身乐道”表达了一位父亲希望儿子顺心如意、幸福吉祥的美好心愿。

和珅既非亲王，在封建等级制度甚严的清朝，他为何臵逾制犯上而不顾大兴土木建造如此豪华的私宅呢?从下面的记载中你可知其中的原委。

和珅之子丰绅殷德本名殷德，生于乾隆四十年(1775年)正月十九日，比和孝公主小半个月。和珅与乾隆结成儿女亲家，成为令人高不可攀的皇亲国戚，由此更加受到皇上的器重，继而平步青云。和珅建和宅实际上建成的是公主府，因此和珅建此宅是按照公主府邸和朝廷一品大员的双重规格建造的。

4、嘉乐堂

嘉乐堂是和珅时期的堂号，“嘉乐堂”此匾相传是乾隆赐给和珅的。恭亲王时期为“神殿”，即王府举行萨满教祭祀活动的地方。

萨满教祭祀活动：古代的蒙古人最早信仰萨满教。萨满教崇拜神灵，把世界分为三种：天堂在上;地为之中;地狱在下。

萨满祭祀以祭祖祭天最为重要。满族人崇敬乌鸦，据传说满族祖先在一次战斗中陷入陷井，情急之下不得不到大树上作躲藏，树上的乌鸦一动不动，因而没有把满族的祖先暴露给敌人，让他逃过一劫，东山再起，因此满族人把乌鸦敬之为神。篇二：恭王府导游词

各位游客大家好,恭亲王府原是“千古第一贪”的和王申的家，后被嘉庆帝立下二十四条罪状，抄了他的家充公。因最后一任主人是恭亲王爱新觉罗·奕讠斤，所以称为恭亲王府。

北京城两龙脉，一是京城中轴线，二是护城河。故宫就坐落在中轴线的头上。而恭亲王府就坐落在两龙脉相交之处。和王申曾大言不惭说：“皇上坐龙头，我坐龙尾。龙头虽掌大局，却还要龙尾行大事。”听听，和王申野心之勃勃，真不愧“千古第一贪”!恭亲王府内，有九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。这“蝙蝠”并不是真实的蝙蝠，而形似蝙蝠的建筑。和王申想让自己很幸福，便取“福”的谐音字“蝠”，建了九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。

进门后，首先映入眼帘的，便是一只硕大的“蝙蝠”。这是一只形似蝙蝠的池塘，名曰“福池”。池岸边随意错落着假山碎石。福池周围栽满了榆树，榆树的果、叶形似铜钱，每当铜钱般的果、叶掉入福池时，和王申就会笑哈哈：“天上掉下的钱，进入我的?聚宝盆?，地上的钱也是流入我和王申的囊袋中。”这话可真不假!

5篇介绍天津石家大院的导游词范文

石家大院体现了清代民居建筑的独特风格。位于千年古镇杨柳青中心，京杭大运河流经天津的南运河岸边。原为清末天津八大家之一石元士住宅。石家原籍山东，祖辈漕运发家后在清乾隆年间定居杨柳青。石家于清道光三年(1823)，析产为四大门，分别是福善堂、正廉堂、天锡堂、尊美堂。 各门均建有一所颇具规模的建筑。现石家大院即为仅存“尊美堂”宅第，曾有“天津第一家”、“华北第一宅”之称，从中足可领略传统民居建筑之精妙。下面是小编收集整理的5篇介绍天津石家大院的导游词范文，欢迎借鉴参考。

5篇介绍天津石家大院的导游词范文(一)

大家好!首先，我代表天津中国旅行社欢迎大家参加本次旅游活动。我叫王，是本车的导游员，大家叫我小王就可以了，这位是经验丰富的驾驶员李师傅。俗话说：千年修的同船渡。今天应该是千年修的同车行。我们一定会为大家提供优质的服务，如果大家有什么要求，请尽管提出来，不要客气，我们一定会尽量满足你的要求。最后望大家能够在天津度过一段美好的时光。 我们现在行驶在西青道上,西青道是市区通向西青区的必经之路,从西站到杨柳青十几公里,我们现在正驶过西青立交桥。

现在我们已经到达了杨柳青博物馆。提醒大家注意的是：要注意安全，管理好您的财务，记住我们的游览车为白色客车，车号为津234119，您只需记后三位倒过来911即可。四点钟整我在停车处恭候大家。石家大院原系清末八大家之一石元仕的住宅。石家祖籍山东东阿县，明代时起便以漕运粮食为业，盈利渐丰。乾隆五十年，从石衷开始落户杨柳青，其子石万程颇善经营，家资日丰。清嘉庆四年，乾隆宠臣和坤获罪赐死，有一侍女携珠宝出逃，被石万程停泊在通州的粮船收留，由此，石家财富骤增，到石万程之子石献廷时期，石家一改累代单传而人丁兴旺，家大业大。石献廷就把石家财产分给四个儿子，各立堂门，长门福善堂，二门正廉堂，三门天锡堂，四门尊美堂。其中以四门尊美堂治家有方，财丁兴旺，不断扩建为津西第一家，世人俗称石家大院。石元仕于民国八年去世，他的夫人携全家迁居天津市内，从此石家便逐渐衰落，石家大院被严重破坏。自1987年，西青区人民政府相继投资560元逐渐修复，1991年石家大院被天津市人民政府批准为市级文物保护单位，命名为天津杨柳青博物馆。 现在我们去看一下闻名中外的杨柳青年画陈列。先看第一展室，在这边陈列的是清代康熙-乾隆时期的代表作品，这个时期的年画以表现人民生活及历史故事题材为主，人物突出，注重人物神情刻画。看这幅《福善吉庆》是一幅有情节的仕女娃娃寓意画，它的寓意是采用汉字的谐音表示吉祥，用蝙蝠的“蝠”代幸福的“福”，用扇子的“扇”代善良的“善”，用刀枪剑戟的“戟”代吉祥的“吉”，用罄竹难书的“罄”代庆祝的“庆”。大家可以看一下另外几幅画《仕女游春》《金玉满堂》《盗仙草》《十不闲》。在这边陈列的年画是清嘉庆-道光期间的代表作品，画面人物较多，背景比较复杂。《四艺雅剧》在用色上采用兰，黑，灰等少数颜色，收到清雅素淡的效果，这种敷彩方法叫“散兰”。展室中间是用泥人形式表现的制作年画的五大工序：“勾描，刻板，套印，彩绘，装裱”。往前走，我们去看一下婚俗展室。右边就是古代结婚用的花轿，花轿有两层，内层叫做轿芯子。左边是用泥人捏制的结婚场面，周围是一些婚俗用品陈列。凤冠，一般人家是从轿房租来的，“联升斋”就是当时租赁结婚用品的一个字号，相当于现在租赁婚纱的地方。帽筒，熏香炉，梳头匣，镜子，食品罐都是陪嫁之物。这里原来是女花厅，现在作为砖雕展室对外开放。这些砖雕都是取自杨柳青镇民宅建筑，从中可以看到千年古镇的建筑风貌。第一展室展出山尖类砖雕，这幅叫“福寿三多”，仙桃表健康长寿，石榴表多子，佛手可握财，多寿，多子，多财故为“福寿三多”。此外还有“丹凤朝阳”、“福寿绵长”等砖雕艺术。第二展室展出门楼砖雕。门楼是古代建筑的重要部分，其砖雕主要用于瓦顶檐下的门额，门楣和大门两侧上方墀(chi)头的装饰，楣额图文横向，墀(chi)头对称纵深，使建筑风格古朴庄严，典雅凝重。其代表作主要有八骏图、双喜图、富贵平安等。第三展室展出影壁类砖雕，请看这幅八仙宝物砖雕，这是八仙过海里面八位神仙所执的器物，寓意：保有平安、祝福长寿。分别是：铁拐李的葫芦、汉钟离的扇子、张国老的鱼鼓、蓝采和的花篮、曹国舅的阴阳板、韩湘子的横笛、荷仙姑的荷叶和吕洞宾的宝剑。此外还有九狮图、花卉、象首等。第四展室的这幅砖雕叫“辈辈封侯”，老猴背小猴上树偷桃，触到了蜂窝，蜜蜂蛰在猴背上，取其谐音背背封侯。那边还有芙蓉戏水、百鸟朝凤等。

石家大院的木雕也是比比皆是，精雕细刻，特别是三座垂花门。他们是根据荷花三个花期雕刻成三种不同形态的图案，分别取名为：“含苞待放”“花蕊吐絮”“籽满蓬莲”。穿过第一道门我们来看戏楼。石家大院有三绝：牌坊，戏楼，文昌阁。现在我们看到的就是三绝之一的戏楼。戏楼历来是皇室,王府,官宦之家或会馆的专利.石府戏楼是北方民宅中最大的戏楼,它位于整个大院的中间,于花厅仅一墙之隔.戏楼大部分为木制结构,是一处集南北建筑风格为一体的厅殿,厅内的雀替,隔扇,柱头等木雕;台阶,基石上的石雕装饰均为华北地区之首,在民间极为少见。戏楼横梁下悬双雕宫灯，梁柱间镶有木雕并有12盏壁灯挂于中间立柱之上。这12根立柱为通天柱上圆下方，取其天圆地方之意。戏楼顶子外面是一层铁皮，上面有铜铆钉铆成的一个大寿字。著名的京剧表演艺术家余舒岩，孙菊仙，龚云甫都在此唱过堂会。整个戏楼的特点是冬暖，夏凉，音质好。戏楼的墙壁是磨砖对缝建成，严密无缝隙，设有穿墙烟道，由花厅外地炉口入炭200斤燃烧一昼夜，冬日虽寒风凛冽，楼内却温暖如春。

5篇介绍天津石家大院的导游词范文(二)

位于千年古镇杨柳青的石家大院，是一处有“华北第一宅”之称的晚清民居建筑群，始建于1875年。它是清代津门八大家之一石元士的旧宅，占地7200余平方米，其中建筑面积2900多平方米。整个大院，60米长的大甬道的两侧共有四合套式12个院落，所有院落都是正偏布局，四合套成，院中有院，院中跨院，院中套院;从寝室、客厅、花厅、戏楼、佛堂到马厩，无论是通体格局、建筑风格、还是艺术装饰，都反映了清末民初的文化遗存和当时的民俗民风。现已开辟为杨柳青博物馆的石家大院中收藏大量名闻中外的杨柳青木版年画的历代杰作，有造诣颇深的神品书画师钱慧安、高桐轩等人的精品;和具有中国古建筑特色的天津砖雕陈列，集中了130余件上乘之作。砖雕俗称“刻砖”，是古代建筑的装饰艺术，独具一格，成就很高。此外泥人张彩塑、民间剪纸、杨柳青风筝、民间花会道具以及民俗陈列，充分体现明末清初建筑风格的石院复原陈列。值得一提的是，石家大院内的石府戏楼是中国北方最大的民宅戏楼。在西青区杨柳青镇，建于清光绪年间，原是津门八大家之一石万程四子石元士的宅第。堂院坐北朝南，由大、小四进院落组成。东院是三套四合院，为长辈及各房子孙居所;西院建客厅、戏楼和佛堂，是会客、娱乐、祭祀之所。大院建筑用料考究，作工精细，砖雕木刻形式多样，常用“福寿双全”、“岁寒三友”、“莲荷”、“万福”、“连珠”等喜庆吉祥图案。

北京人要领略大院文化，不必大老远跑到山西去，在天津西郊杨柳青镇，就有一座规模宏大、建筑精美的大院——石家大院。从北京驱车向东，不过一个小时的车程。

杨柳青石家，从清朝中叶到民初，其财力号称津西首富，名列天津八大家之一。著名的表演艺术家，有“话剧皇帝”之称的石挥就是石家的后代。

石家大院是石家位于石宝珩的住宅。光绪元年(1875年)动工兴建，两年后主要建筑完工，之后又不断增扩、拆改，直到1920xx年石家迁走，前后累计建设近50年，才建成一座占地6000多平米、院落15进、房屋278间的大型宅邸。石家迁走后，大院开始衰败，国民党时期曾多次在院内驻军，任意拆改破坏，经过文革浩劫，大院已面目全非。1987年开始修复，历时6年，投资560万元，于1992年作为杨柳青博物馆对外开放。

5篇介绍天津石家大院的导游词范文(三)

我们此行的目的地是杨柳青博物馆。

它原系清末八大家之一石元仕的住宅。石家祖籍山东东阿县，明代时起便以漕运粮食为业，盈利渐丰。乾隆五十年，从石衷开始落户杨柳青，其子石万程颇善经营，家资日丰。清嘉庆四年，乾隆宠臣和坤获罪赐死，有一侍女携珠宝出逃，被石万程停泊在通州的粮船收留，由此，石家财富骤增，到石万程之子石献廷时期，石家一改累代单传而人丁兴旺，家大业大。石献廷就把石家财产分给四个儿子，各立堂门，长门福善堂，二门正廉堂，三门天锡堂，四门尊美堂。其中以四门尊美堂治家有方，财丁兴旺，不断扩建为津西第一家，世人俗称石家大院。石元仕于民国八年去世，他的夫人携全家迁居天津市内，从此石家便逐渐衰落，石家大院被严重破坏。自1987年，西青区人民政府相继投资560元逐渐修复，1991年石家大院被天津市人民政府批准为市级文物保护单位，命名为天津杨柳青博物馆。

好了，现在我们到石家大院了。请大家下车时随身带好自己的物品，不要放在车上。下午5：00在车上集合，记住我们的游览车为白色客车，车号为津。

大家从这边进入，这里以前是石家的内帐房，现在作为名人照片展室。我们进去看一下，整个大院拍摄了将近四十多部电影，电视剧。象《刀剑笑》，刘德华主演的;《日出》，徐帆主演的;《烟雨红颜》，刘德凯导演，周迅，张信哲主演的。许多名人也来过石家大院，像著名的节目主持人敬一丹，崔永元。此外，著名电影表演艺术家石挥就是石家的第六代世孙，他自导自演了电影《我这一辈子》。

现在我们去看一下闻名中外的杨柳青年画陈列。先看第一展室，在这边陈列的是清代康熙-乾隆时期的代表作品，这个时期的年画以表现人民生活及历史故事题材为主，人物突出，注重人物神情刻画。看这幅《福善吉庆》是一幅有情节的仕女娃娃寓意画，它的寓意是采用汉字的谐音表示吉祥，用蝙蝠的“蝠”代幸福的“福”，用扇子的“扇”代善良的“善”，用刀枪剑戟的“戟”代吉祥的“吉”，用罄竹难书的“罄”代庆祝的“庆”。大家可以看一下另外几幅画《仕女游春》《金玉满堂》《盗仙草》《十不闲》。在这边陈列的年画是清嘉庆-道光期间的代表作品，画面人物较多，背景比较复杂。《四艺雅剧》在用色上采用兰，黑，灰等少数颜色，收到清雅素淡的效果，这种敷彩方法叫“散兰”。展室中间是用泥人形式表现的制作年画的五大工序：“勾描，刻板，套印，彩绘，装裱”。现在我们去第二展室去看灯箱画，石元仕的哥哥石元俊在光绪四年组织崇文书院，设在文昌阁，文昌阁建成后，决定做一套壁灯二十四盏，每盏从劝善经书中摘一句格言，按该句语意构思绘图，画于灯箱上。现在该馆展出的就是其中八盏。

往前走，我们去看一下婚俗展室。右边就是古代结婚用的花轿，花轿有两层，内层叫做轿芯子。左边是用泥人捏制的结婚场面，周围是一些婚俗用品陈列。凤冠，一般人家是从轿房租来的，“联升斋”就是当时租赁结婚用品的一个字号，相当于现在租赁婚纱的地方。帽筒，熏香炉，梳头匣，镜子，食品罐都是陪嫁之物。

这里原来是女花厅，现在作为砖雕展室对外开放。这些砖雕都是取自杨柳青镇民宅建筑，从中可以看到千年古镇的建筑风貌。第一展室展出山尖类砖雕，第二展室展出门楼砖雕，第三展室展出影壁类砖雕。这幅叫“福寿三多”，仙桃表健康长寿，石榴表多子，佛手可握财，多寿，多子，多财故为“福寿三多”。第四展室的这幅砖雕叫“辈辈封候”，老猴背小猴上树偷桃，触到了蜂窝，蜜蜂蛰在猴背上，取其谐音背背蜂猴。

下面我们看一下商俗展室。这里展现的是清末民初一条街，再现了当年杨柳青镇的繁华景象，可谓中国北方大商埠的缩影。大家注意看一下，店铺两边的对联都很有意思，理发店门口是“头等事业，顶上功夫”。炸糕店是“饼名五福，糕赐重阳”。当铺是“青铺飞去复飞来，白银赠人还赠我”。我们一会去佛堂。

在佛堂正中供奉的就是观士音菩萨，屋里上方供有关公像，下方福，禄，寿三星像。佛堂为典型的抬梁式框架结构，四梁八柱。这种民宅结构非常坚固，也就是人们常说的墙倒房不塌。

石家大院共有三道垂花门，因其垂柱根据荷花的三个花期雕刻成三种不同形态的图案，分别取名为：“含苞待放”“花蕊吐絮”“籽满蓬莲”。

我们先去看第一道垂花门，“含苞待放”，它是三座垂花门中最讲究的一座。它的中间有两块抱鼓石，抱鼓石外侧是象首，即“吉祥”，里侧是鹤鹿回春。当年仅石料就需白银五百两，两位石匠精雕细刻一年之久才完工。垂花门木格上有四季花图案，象征走过此门，四季平安，让我们一起走过此门去看戏楼。

石家大院有三绝：牌坊，戏楼，文昌阁。现在我们看到的就是三绝之一的戏楼。戏楼顶子外面是一层铁皮，上面有铜铆钉铆成的一个大寿字。著名的京剧表演艺术家余舒岩，孙菊仙，龚云甫都在此唱过堂会。整个戏楼的特点是冬暖，夏凉，音质好。戏楼的墙壁是磨砖对缝建成，严密无缝隙，设有穿墙烟道，由花厅外地炉口入炭200斤燃烧一昼夜，冬日虽寒风凛冽，楼内却温暖如春。到了夏天，戏楼内地炉空气流通，方砖青石坚硬清凉，东西两侧开有侧门使空气形成对流，空间又高，窗户设计的阳光不直射却分外透亮，使人感到十分凉爽。戏楼建筑用砖均是三座马蹄窑指定专人特殊烧制。经专用工具打磨以后干摆叠砌，用元宵面打了糨糊白灰膏粘合，墙成一体，加上北高南低回声不撞，北面隔扇门能放音，拢音效果极佳，偌大戏楼不用扩音器，不仅在角落听得清楚，即使在院内也听得明白无误。因此，石府戏楼堪称“民间一绝”。

5篇介绍天津石家大院的导游词范文(四)

大家好!首先，我代表天津中国旅行社欢迎大家参加本次旅游活动。我叫王，是本车的导游员，大家叫我小王就可以了，这位是经验丰富的驾驶员李师傅。俗话说：千年修的同船渡。今天应该是千年修的同车行。我们一定会为大家提供优质的服务，如果大家有什么要求，请尽管提出来，不要客气，我们一定会尽量满足你的要求。祝大家在今天的游览中玩的开心，玩的尽兴。

我们此行的目的地是杨柳青博物馆。

它原系清末八大家之一石元仕的住宅。石家祖籍山东东阿县，明代时起便以漕运粮食为业，盈利渐丰。乾隆五十年，从石衷开始落户杨柳青，其子石万程颇善经营，家资日丰。清嘉庆四年，乾隆宠臣和坤获罪赐死，有一侍女携珠宝出逃，被石万程停泊在通州的粮船收留，由此，石家财富骤增，到石万程之子石献廷时期，石家一改累代单传而人丁兴旺，家大业大。石献廷就把石家财产分给四个儿子，各立堂门，长门福善堂，二门正廉堂，三门天锡堂，四门尊美堂。其中以四门尊美堂治家有方，财丁兴旺，不断扩建为津西第一家，世人俗称石家大院。石元仕于民国八年去世，他的夫人携全家迁居天津市内，从此石家便逐渐衰落，石家大院被严重破坏。自1987年，西青区人民政府相继投资560元逐渐修复，1991年石家大院被天津市人民政府批准为市级文物保护单位，命名为天津杨柳青博物馆。

好了，现在我们到石家大院了。请大家下车时随身带好自己的物品，不要放在车上。下午5：00在车上集合，记住我们的游览车为白色客车，车号为津。

大家从这边进入，这里以前是石家的内帐房，现在作为名人照片展室。我们进去看一下，整个大院拍摄了将近四十多部电影，电视剧。象《刀剑笑》，刘德华主演的;《日出》，徐帆主演的;《烟雨红颜》，刘德凯导演，周迅，张信哲主演的。许多名人也来过石家大院，像著名的节目主持人敬一丹，崔永元。此外，著名电影表演艺术家石挥就是石家的第六代世孙，他自导自演了电影《我这一辈子》。

现在我们去看一下闻名中外的杨柳青年画陈列。先看第一展室，在这边陈列的是清代康熙-乾隆时期的代表作品，这个时期的年画以表现人民生活及历史故事题材为主，人物突出，注重人物神情刻画。看这幅《福善吉庆》是一幅有情节的仕女娃娃寓意画，它的寓意是采用汉字的谐音表示吉祥，用蝙蝠的“蝠”代幸福的“福”，用扇子的“扇”代善良的“善”，用刀枪剑戟的“戟”代吉祥的“吉”，用罄竹难书的“罄”代庆祝的“庆”。大家可以看一下另外几幅画《仕女游春》《金玉满堂》《盗仙草》《十不闲》。在这边陈列的年画是清嘉庆-道光期间的代表作品，画面人物较多，背景比较复杂。《四艺雅剧》在用色上采用兰，黑，灰等少数颜色，收到清雅素淡的效果，这种敷彩方法叫“散兰”。展室中间是用泥人形式表现的制作年画的五大工序：“勾描，刻板，套印，彩绘，装裱”。现在我们去第二展室去看灯箱画，石元仕的哥哥石元俊在光绪四年组织崇文书院，设在文昌阁，文昌阁建成后，决定做一套壁灯二十四盏，每盏从劝善经书中摘一句格言，按该句语意构思绘图，画于灯箱上。现在该馆展出的就是其中八盏。

往前走，我们去看一下婚俗展室。右边就是古代结婚用的花轿，花轿有两层，内层叫做轿芯子。左边是用泥人捏制的结婚场面，周围是一些婚俗用品陈列。凤冠，一般人家是从轿房租来的，“联升斋”就是当时租赁结婚用品的一个字号，相当于现在租赁婚纱的地方。帽筒，熏香炉，梳头匣，镜子，食品罐都是陪嫁之物。

下面我们看一下商俗展室。这里展现的是清末民初一条街，再现了当年杨柳青镇的繁华景象，可谓中国北方大商埠的缩影。大家注意看一下，店铺两边的对联都很有意思，理发店门口是“头等事业，顶上功夫”。炸糕店是“饼名五福，糕赐重阳”。当铺是“青铺飞去复飞来，白银赠人还赠我”。我们一会去佛堂。

在佛堂正中供奉的就是观士音菩萨，屋里上方供有关公像，下方福，禄，寿三星像。佛堂为典型的抬梁式框架结构，四梁八柱。这种民宅结构非常坚固，也就是人们常说的墙倒房不塌。

石家大院共有三道垂花门，因其垂柱根据荷花的三个花期雕刻成三种不同形态的图案，分别取名为：“含苞待放”“花蕊吐絮”“籽满蓬莲”。

我们先去看第一道垂花门，“含苞待放”，它是三座垂花门中最讲究的一座。它的中间有两块抱鼓石，抱鼓石外侧是象首，即“吉祥”，里侧是鹤鹿回春。当年仅石料就需白银五百两，两位石匠精雕细刻一年之久才完工。垂花门木格上有四季花图案，象征走过此门，四季平安，让我们一起走过此门去看戏楼。

石家大院有三绝：牌坊，戏楼，文昌阁。现在我们看到的就是三绝之一的戏楼。戏楼顶子外面是一层铁皮，上面有铜铆钉铆成的一个大寿字。著名的京剧表演艺术家余舒岩，孙菊仙，龚云甫都在此唱过堂会。整个戏楼的特点是冬暖，夏凉，音质好。戏楼的墙壁是磨砖对缝建成，严密无缝隙，设有穿墙烟道，由花厅外地炉口入炭200斤燃烧一昼夜，冬日虽寒风凛冽，楼内却温暖如春。到了夏天，戏楼内地炉空气流通，方砖青石坚硬清凉，东西两侧开有侧门使空气形成对流，空间又高，窗户设计的阳光不直射却分外透亮，使人感到十分凉爽。戏楼建筑用砖均是三座马蹄窑指定专人特殊烧制。经专用工具打磨以后干摆叠砌，用元宵面打了糨糊白灰膏粘合，墙成一体，加上北高南低回声不撞，北面隔扇门能放音，拢音效果极佳，偌大戏楼不用扩音器，不仅在角落听得清楚，即使在院内也听得明白无误。因此，石府戏楼堪称“民间一绝”。

看过戏楼我们再去看第二道垂花门：“花蕊吐絮”。大家看门楼上方的木格中是木雕仙鹤，一共是九只，相传一只仙鹤增12岁，9只就是增寿108岁。仙鹤背面雕的是古代铜钱，所以从此门过就是又增寿又有钱。第二道垂花门后面就是第三道垂花门：“籽满蓬莲”。它的门楼上方及垂柱两边有木雕葫芦爬蔓图案，取名葫芦万代，象征子孙万代繁衍不断。

这三道垂花门分别象征着主人一生三个美好的愿望：一年四季保平安;一代长寿又有钱;子孙辈辈永绵长。

现场解说到此结束，下面的时间，大家可以自己游览。

我们一天的游览就要结束了，服务中的不足之处，希望大家多多包涵，多提意见。俗话说：“两山不能相遇，两人总能重逢”。希望能有机会再次为大家服务。谢谢!

5篇介绍天津石家大院的导游词范文(五)

各位游客大家好，首先我代表旅行社欢迎大家参加本次的旅游，

我是来自阳光旅行社的一名导游，我叫，大家可以叫我，这位是司机*师傅，有着多年的驾驶经验，今天就有我和*师傅一同为大家服务。今天我们要游览的地方是被誉为“华北第一宅”的石家大院，如果大家在游览过程中有任何问题，请向我提出来，我将竭尽全力为大家解决，也希望大家能支持配合我的工作。最后预祝大家旅途顺利，玩的愉快。

……

我们现在正行驶在去往石家大院的路上，在到达景区之前，我先给大家做一个简单的介绍。 石家大院坐落在千年古镇杨柳青，始建于清光绪年初，是一座距今有着130多年的历史的大型清代民宅。其建筑结构独特，砖、木、石雕精美，气势宏浩典雅，是我国北方最大的民宅。石家祖籍山东，明代时以漕运为业，盈利渐丰，后在杨柳青落户后便广置田产，至明末清初已经发展成为拥有4万多亩土地的大地主了。在清嘉庆4年时，乾隆皇帝的宠臣和珅获罪赐死，有一使女携珠宝外逃，后被石万程停泊在通州的粮船收留，至此，石家财富骤增。至清道光3年，石家共分4大门户，长门福善堂、二门正廉堂、三门天赐堂、四门尊美堂，其中尤以四门尊美堂最为治家有方、财丁兴旺，不断扩建为津西第一家，世人俗称“石家大院”。而我们今天要参观的石家大院其实就是尊美堂大院。

……

好了，我们的车已经到景区停车场了，大家携带好随身物品，随我下车参观游览。 进入石家大院，首先映入我们眼帘的就是这座影壁。它是中国传统建筑特有的部分，影壁除了能给庭院增加气氛，祈福吉祥之外，也起到一种是外界难以窥视园内活动的隔离作用。在影壁的四角及中间，有五只雕刻精美的蝙蝠，寓意“五福临门”，而影壁的前方，摆放着一只用玉石雕刻的白菜，在这里谐音“百财”，也是纳福纳财之意。 大家先来随我看看沙盘展示，了解一下石家大院的整体布局。我们可以看到，石府的建筑布局采用轴线对称式，全院由南至北有一条甬道为中轴线，贯穿四座门楼，东面为过去主人居住的地方，西面为为石府主体建筑。大院两侧又分别设有东西跨院。石家大院占地总面积约8300多平方米，建筑面积3000多平方米，共有18个大小院落，历经10余年才得以建成，仅戏楼和客厅主体建筑就耗银30万两。1991年时，石府被天津市政府批准为市级文物保护单位，20xx年又被国务院批准为国家级文物保护单位，同年被国家旅游局评定为国家4A级景区。 下面大家请随我，仔细的参观这座吉祥的大院。 现在我们走的这条长长的甬道就是整座大院的中轴线，由南到北地势不断升高，有步步高升之意。此外，甬道上门楼为三座，门前台阶又为三级，暗喻为连升三级。 跨过左手边的这道小门，我们现在来到的就是花厅。花厅是石家男主人接待宾客、商议大事的地方。大家看，中堂悬挂有“尊美堂”匾额，为光绪皇帝的老师翁同赫所题。客厅正中的这尊石雕，所刻的是白菜和两只小狗，象征着“人财两旺”。客厅中隔断上的八扇屏是保存下来的珍品，雕刻公益非常精细，表现的是四季花鸟，其特点是从玻璃两侧看图案完全一致，看似八扇，实则十六面。大家过这边来看一下，这里有一块地转被移开了，我们可以看到里面纵横交错的烟道，类似于现在的地暖，是石家从当年的皇宫学来的，只供花厅和戏楼取暖之用。

从花厅出来，我们现在走的这条长廊专供人们在雨雪天行走方便，当年石氏宴请亲朋或丧诞之日，所请亲朋都经于此。左侧是石府的花园，占地约1100平方米，以环廊，奇石，碧水，曲径，方亭，翠草，娇花巧妙装点，宛如身处苏州园林。鹅卵石路上有一个古钱币的图案，上有吉祥如意四个字，预示着“生财有道、财运亨通”。我们走的这条长廊共计32个自然间，可环绕花园一周，

在四角亭旁边的这棵枣树已生长了200多年，据说“吃了此树枣长生不老，搂搂枣树腰百病全没了”。长廊白墙之上还有8块杨柳青年画题材的石雕什锦窗和由9块方砖拼在一起的万福如意砖雕1副。花园的山水称为“石泉”，其石头是北山石，有着横、棱、硬、峥的特点，这与江南太湖石的皱、瘦、透、漏截然不同。古时候钱币称作泉，“石泉”看似石家的泉，却暗含着十全十美，财源滚滚都是钱之意。一个小小的石府花园，基本上集中了我国廊式建筑的所有建造模式。石府花园以杨柳青特色与南国园林结合彰显出石氏家族特有的品位与风韵。

大家看长廊的右边，这就是地炉灶口，入炭二百斤燃烧一昼夜，然后热气顺烟道穿过，烧热地面，而后顺着东北角处暗藏的烟道，从屋顶排出。

戏楼历来是皇室、王府、官宦之家的专利。石府戏楼是北方民宅中最大的戏楼，下面我们就一起步人戏楼。石府戏楼位于整个大院的中间，与花厅仅一墙之隔。戏楼大部分为木质结构，是一处集南北建筑风格为一体的厅殿。戏楼的顶子设计巧妙，外面用铁皮封上，再用铜铆钉铆成一个寿字。由于屋顶为长方形，“寿”字则尤显细长，所以又表达长寿之意。楼内共设有120个座位，整体建筑采用抬梁式，左右各有6根立柱，立柱为通天式，上圆下方，取其天圆地方之意。我们看到，在立柱上方还悬设立一圈回廊，称为“走马廊”，就是当年石府的家丁护院警卫时站的地方。这个戏楼还有一个特点就是冬暖夏凉、音质好。戏楼采用盝定式屋顶，采光甚佳，通过屋檐的巧妙设计与太阳高度角的变动来调节光照于气温，再加上冬天脚下有地炉，和夏天青石砖发潮吸热的特性，所以冬暖夏凉。戏楼建筑用砖均是三座马蹄窑指定专人特殊烧制，经专用工具打磨以后干摆叠砌，用元宵面打浆糊白灰膏粘合，墙成一体，加上北高南低回声不撞，北面隔扇门能放音，拢音效果极佳，偌大戏楼不用扩音器，不仅在角落听得清楚，即使院内也听得明白无误。因此，石府戏楼堪称“民宅一绝”。

从戏楼出来，左手边的这个跨院是当年石府的家丁护院所在的地方。眼前的这块大石头就是当时考核家丁所用，上写着“独占鳌头”四个大字，重150公斤。如果能轻松举起的话，就顺利过关通过考核，成为石府的家丁。如今这里是杨柳青水局的陈列馆。

穿过水局陈列厅，我们现在看到左手边的这所屋子里是杨柳青年画二十四孝。正对着我们的这间房子就是当年石府的家学堂。旁边这个院落是佛堂，是石氏供奉神佛偶像之处。光绪十年，1884年，家庙竣工，将神像等移至三门天锡堂内供奉，此处改为小家祠。家祠正中供奉，观世音菩萨及石氏宝字辈以下的木主，逢年过节，壁间悬挂已故家主影，每逢长辈祭辰，在此院诵经追荐。佛堂建筑为典型的抬梁式框架结构，四梁八柱，在中间最高房梁上有当年保存下来的上梁诗：上联是“盂堂金马家声汨”，下联是“画栋雕梁气象新”，意思是石宅兴建豪华美丽的家院，一改旧的面貌，到处是装饰精美的房屋，一派新的气象。这种民宅结构非常坚固，也是人们常说的培倒房不塌。

现在我们回身看到的这座门就是垂花门，垂花门属典制式建筑，是宫廷传统建筑中的绝活，图案为莲花倒垂所以称垂花门。这样的垂花门在石府总共有3座，根据荷花的三个花期雕刻成三种不同形态的图案，分别取名为“含苞待放”、“花蕊吐絮”、“籽满蓬莲”。眼前佛堂所对的这座门就是石家的第一座垂花门，含苞待放。

好了，下面的时间交给大家，大家可以拍拍照，也可以去东面的展厅和陈列馆参观一下婚俗，灯箱画，砖雕等民间艺术。大家注意在三点前到我们刚来的停车场集合，记着我们的车是橘红色大金龙，车牌号津A,大伙千万不要迟到，延误咱们回去的时间。

游客朋友们，一天的行程结束了，感谢大家对我工作的支持和配合，也非常的舍不得大家，这次我们的游览非常的圆满顺利，如果大家对我的工作有什么意见或建议，请大家向我提出来，我会努力改正。最后，预祝大家归途愉快，一路平安。

云南，以其美丽、丰饶、神奇而著称于世，一向被外界称为“秘境”,吸引着世界各地的游客。

云南简称“滇”，战国时期，这里是滇族部落的生息之地。云南，意即“彩云之南”，另一说法是因位于“云岭之南”而得名。古语云“一日长一丈，云南在天上”，她确实离天很近。300万年前一次强烈的地壳运动，使地处海洋深处的谷地突兀而起，造出了一片峰谷纵横、川流回旋的奇异高原。

“岭峦涌作千倾海，峰簇栽成万仞葱”。从海拔仅76米的镇南河口溯向高达6,740米的德钦梅里雪山卡格博峰，云贵高原以平均每公里6米的节律抬升着，恰是一座绿葱葱的九百里天梯。闻名于世的金沙江、怒江、澜沧江几乎并排地经这里流向远方，险峰峡谷纵横交错，江河溪流源远流长，湖泊温泉星罗棋布，造就了这块神奇美丽的乐土。

Kunming xishan called blue mountain chicken. For brigitte Nao mountain,huating mountain, mt huashan, the floorboard of the Luo Hanshan. West mountainis located in the western suburbs of kunming, dianchi lake west bank, 15 km awayfrom downtown, lie between the dianchi and golden horse mountain, is relative.North green chicken guan, south to haikou, 35 kilometers. Peak Luo Hanfeng, 2,511 meters above sea level. Rolling hills, red is like sleeping Buddha, so alsocalled lie in foshan. On the other side of the water just like the dianchi lakeshore - rich woman lay, of "sleeping beauty mountain" good name. Sanqingpavilion on longmen grottoes. The first scene in kunming area. First see thename of xishan and tomorrow shun six years (in 1462), he gives the Minneapolismountain, the great garden temple imperial tablet "county of yunnan provincekunming xishan sea".

Xishan dense woods, flowers and plants flourish, beautiful beautiful,scenic, in ancient times has the reputation of "the first state in the yunnan".From a look to the southeast of kunming, xishan just like a beautiful womanlying in dianchi lake on both sides. Her head, chest, abdomen, legs, hair floatsin dianchi lake sparkling waves of shadow, appear outline and graceful,enchanting and moving, so also called sleeping beauty.

Folklore, ancient when a princess to bear palace lonely, sneak out of thepalace with a small group of married couples. Later, breaking up a happymarriage, the king and to the young man to death. Princess grieving, and wept,tears remit the dianchi lake, she also fall on his back into the western hills.Xishan are bi is a forest park, attractions. Every year in March, kunming peoplehave the custom of "march third, play xishan", when the four sergeants gatheredparty, sing folk songs, to minor, play the dragon lion dance, the piic toadmire the view, very busy.

各位团友，你们好!欢迎大家来到我们这山水相依，人文荟萃的惠州鹅城观光旅游。首先请让我代表旅游公司的全体员工及热情好客的惠州市民们对大家的到来表示热烈的欢迎，并致以诚挚的问候。我先作个自我介绍吧，我是旅行社的一名导游，我姓x，大家可以叫我小x或x 导游，今天就由小女子来为大家介绍介绍惠州，带着大家游山玩水咯。希望大家高高兴兴的来也高高兴兴的离开，在惠州留下一个美好的回忆。

现在我先向各位讲下我们这次出游的行程，今天我将带大家到我们惠州市著名的景区——西湖游览参观，午餐后，我带大家到市区里热闹的商业街游玩，晚上就让各位欣赏下我们惠州的东江夜景。

请大家向你们的窗外看，这便是我们晚上要看到的东江了。下面我先向大家介绍一下惠州的概况。惠州市是位于广东省东南部，珠江三角洲的东北端，南临南海大亚湾，与香港和深圳相邻，北与河源相接;西与东莞市和增城市相邻;东接汕尾市;惠州市属于地级市。下辖一市(惠阳市)三县(惠东县、博罗县、龙门县)二区(惠城区、大亚湾区)。惠城区是其市政府所在地。我们的今晚住的酒店就是在城区里的康帝酒店，它是我们惠州市区内首家无星级酒店，占在康帝的楼顶我们可以饱览惠州西湖美丽的风光。惠州是广东省的历史文化名城，在古代就有“岭南名郡”，“粤东门户”之称，是东江流域政治，经济，军事，文化中心和商品集散地。改革开放20多年来，惠州市坚持“工业立市”的发展战略，坚定不移地走发展外向型经济的道路。现已成为世界最大的电池和辐射光头生产基地，亚洲最大的电话机，电脑主板生产基地，中国最大的电视机，汽车音响，高级电工产品，照相机生产基地之一，成为中国华南地区发展最快，最具活力和最具潜力的城市之一。

惠州是“中国优秀旅游城市”。其旅游资源丰富，集山，江，湖，海，泉，瀑，林，涧，岛为一体，有国家自然保护区两处：惠州象头山和平海古城自然保护区;有省级风景保护区两处：惠州西湖和罗浮山;省历史文化名城一座：惠东平海古城;有国家森林公园一座：龙门南昆山;有被誉为“半城山色半城湖”的鹅城风光，更有“东方夏威夷”----巽寮湾和大亚湾等海滨浴场。

现在就让我着重给大家讲讲惠州西湖吧!惠州西湖有五湖，六桥，十美景之说。

主要的景观包括：西新避暑，四洲塔，东坡塑像，东坡纪念馆，芳华洲和红棉洲等。“中国西湖三十六，唯惠州足并杭州”，这是诗人对惠州西湖景色的赞美。西湖融秀丽山水与岭南特色园林景观为一体，其湖水清澈，山川秀美，曲径通幽，浮洲点翠，象岭云飞，四季如春，景色宜人。讲到惠州西湖，相信大家会想到一个人物，对了，他就是苏东坡，他当年被贬惠州，在此颇有建树，捐资修建了横贯于平湖与丰湖之间的林荫道苏堤，还留下孤山苏迹和东坡纪念馆等遗迹，为世人传诵。现在就请各位随我下车到西湖游览参观吧。请各位拿好自己贵重物品和需要用到的东西，一个一个的跟我下车。

大家好!我是你们今天的导游——林导，大家可千万不要叫我领导哦!我只是姓林的导游，哈哈!

Everybody is good! I am your tour guide, guide Lin today, you dont call me leadership oh! I just named Lin tour guide, ha ha!

我们今天要前往名胜古迹——故宫。在路程中，我就先简单介绍下故宫吧!

Today were going to places of interest, the Palace Museum. In the distance, I first simple introduce the Forbidden City!

古代故宫叫做紫禁城，因是清明两代的皇宫，所以十分高大雄伟，占地面积约有72万平方米。体质弱的客人们，可能没办法把故宫游完哦，希望大家能在车上多休息，争取游遍这72万平方米的故宫。

Ancient palace called the Forbidden City, because is qingming festival two generations of the palace, so very tall majestic, covers an area of about 720xx0 square meters. The guests in the constitution, may not be able to finish the imperial palace to swim oh, hope everybody can rest in the car, to bound for the 720xx0 square meters of the Forbidden City.

以前，故宫里住了很多人，有将军、战士、侍女……需要成千上万间房子，而且古代科技不发达，不像我们几十户人家只需一栋高楼大厦，他们只好建9000多间房子装下那么多人啦。

Previously, spent a lot of people in the Forbidden City, there are general, warriors, maid... Takes tens of thousands of houses, and the ancient science and technology is not developed, not like we just dozens of family a high-rise buildings, and they had to build more than 9000 house hold so many people.

皇帝是需要保护的，这故宫里的战士夜晚是需要睡觉的，无法保护。所以聪明的皇帝就在故宫周围建筑了52米宽的长长的护城河，敌人坐船也难过这条护城河。

The emperor is in need of protection, the soldiers in the imperial palace is the need to sleep at night, unable to protect. So wise emperor around the Forbidden City built a long a moat 52 meters wide, the enemy ships, also sorry to the moat.

故宫已被列入世界遗产的名录里。有许多外国游客，他们是不会乱扔垃圾、乱涂乱画的。希望作为中国人的我们，对不文明行为说“不”，为我们祖国争光吧!准备下车……

The Palace Museum has been on the world heritage list. There are a lot of foreign tourists, they wont litter graffito of the scribble,. Hope to be Chinese, we say "no" to uncivilized behavior, make our country proud! Prepare to get off...

各位游客，欢迎你们参观享誉天下的赤水丹霞奇观。

赤水丹霞位于贵州省赤水市境内，是青年早期丹霞地貌的代表，其面积达1200多平方公里，是全国面积最大、发育最美丽壮观的丹霞地貌。赤水丹霞与湖南崀山、广东丹霞山、福建泰宁丹霞、江西龙虎山、浙江江郎山等6大著名丹霞地貌景区组合成为“中国丹霞”，并在第三十四届世界遗产大会上，正式列入世界遗产名录，成为中国第四十个世界遗产、第八个世界自然遗产。

大家知道，丹霞地貌是我国南方红色岩系发育的一种特殊地貌。它与古代丹霞分布地区沉积着厚厚的红色地层有关，当红色砂岩经长期风化剥离和流水侵蚀，岩层沿垂直节理方向发育，红层便被切割成一片片红色孤立的山峰和陡峭的奇岩怪石，形成我们如今看到的丹霞地貌。而赤水丹霞不同于国内其他地方之处，在于它属于青年早期的丹霞地貌，也是丹霞地貌最美的阶段。赤水丹霞不是单一丹霞地貌，而是结合了瀑布、湿地、山林等其他大自然的美景，森林覆盖率超过90%，被称为“绿色丹霞”和“覆盖型丹霞”，这里有着大面积古老植被和各种珍稀濒危动植物，使赤水丹霞更具生态价值和观赏价值。赤水丹霞以其艳丽鲜红的丹霞赤壁，拔地而起的孤峰窄脊，仪态万方的奇峰异石，巨大幽深的岩廊洞穴，优美迷人的丹霞峡谷等等，与绿色森林、飞瀑流泉相映成趣，形成了极高的旅游观赏价值。随着越来越多的国内外专家前来搜奇探胜，赤水丹霞充满诗情画意的山水之美、独特的地貌与景观之美和它以亘古的存在方式演绎、保存的自然遗产品位，开始剥开被岁月层层包裹的外壳，逐渐得到揭示。中国当代丹霞地貌研究领域学术带头人黄进教授在多次考察赤水丹霞之后评价说，赤水丹霞地貌面积之大，发育之典型，当属全国第一，是具有世界意义的宝贵财富。

朋友们，赤水丹霞是上苍遗落在黔西北的一颗明珠，含情脉脉地迎接着成千上万的游人雅士。赤水丹霞核心区面积为273.64平方公里，缓冲区为448.14平方公里，总面积为721.78平方公里，是中国丹霞景区中面积最大的丹霞景观。赤水的典型丹霞地貌主要发育于赤水市南部地区，赤水河将核心区分为东西两片，东片核心区为172.22平方公里，缓冲区为194.73平方公里，是赤水丹霞地貌分布面积最大、地貌形态最典型的区域，主要包括葫市镇以南、赤水河以东、习水河以西的地区，主要为流水深度侵蚀切割形成的山原峡谷地貌。西片核心区为101.42平方公里，缓冲区为253.41平方公里，位于赤水河以西、风溪河以东的赤水市西南部地区，河流切割程度小于东片，以高原峡谷为主。赤水丹霞以幽深的峡谷、红崖绝壁、溪流飞瀑以及茂密的森林和竹海等要素的有机组合形成了独具特色的丹霞地貌景观，使游客如在画境中游走，没有一处不令人迷恋。

赤水丹霞具有突出于众的美学价值。请看，赤水丹霞地区众多的河流从山顶奔泻而下，发育了典型的丹崖——峡谷地貌，山谷间有着数量众多的梯级马蹄形丹崖绝壁和瀑布群，丹崖赤壁发育的高度、宽度和体量之大，具有很强的视觉冲击力。这里有中国丹霞地貌上最大的十丈洞瀑布，高度达76米，宽度达80米，堪称是丹霞瀑布的奇观。享有“申遗主体景区”、“世界丹霞之冠”、“世界丹霞第一园”等诸多美誉的佛光岩景区位于赤水市元厚镇，距城区44公里，是世界自然遗产赤水丹霞的核心景区之一。佛光岩呈弧形，弧长1000余米，高300余米，早在侏罗纪、白垩纪时代就已形成，像是恐龙在灭绝前夕用生命和鲜血书写的一部无字天书，摊开在半天云海中。佛光岩中间有一条高200余米、宽40余米的白龙瀑，犹如赤云中飞身而下的一条白龙，看起来潇洒飘逸，颇能吸引游人的眼球。午后阳光照射下的佛光岩丹霞似火，血红的岩壁与雪白的瀑布相互映衬，与此同时白云弥漫，圆光五色似现其中，幻色幻象重重无尽，如佛光普照，赋予赤壁以神秘的色彩。这里还有闻名遐迩的五柱峰、丹霞城堡、茶花林、绝壁岩穴等30多个靓景奇观，由小金驿沟、世外桃源、太阳谷、犁辕沟、豹子沟等五大景段构成，面积为20平方公里，集新、奇、险、秀、幽、野六大特色于一体，吸引着越来越多的游客慕名前来。佛光岩景区谷深坡陡，溪河纵横，切割深度在500米至1300米之间，山峰多在1200米以上，断岩嶂谷，高低悬殊。出露地面的侏罗纪、白垩纪红色沉积岩，在风雨侵蚀、重力崩塌、差异风化等物理生化综合作用下，形成宝塔状、城堡状、针状、柱状、棒状、方山状、峰林状等无数奇异的丹霞地貌景观，放眼望去丹岩绝壁、奇峰异石、崖廓岩穴比比皆是，美不胜收。

好了，以上简要向大家介绍了赤水丹霞的风貌。相信大家来到这里，会看到自己心目中最美的丹霞。

祝你们旅程愉快!

我们今天要参观的是具有天津小洋楼代名词的五大道。说起小洋楼，在上海、青岛、厦门、武汉都有很多。但比起来，天津的小洋楼却是现存最多、保存最好、而且是最为集中的。1860年——1903年，英法美等西方列强纷纷强迫清政府签订不平等条约，自此，天津被九国列强分割，他们在中国的土地上设立租界，而小洋楼最集中、占地面积最大的莫过于英租界的五大道。据统计，这一地区的名人旧居和风貌建筑有300余处，与其他地区相比，无论从地域面积、文物的数量、近代名人遗迹等都是首屈一指的。

五大道是指座落在天津市和平区城都道以南，马场道以北，西康路以东，马场道和南京路以西的长方形地段，共有22条道路，总长17公里，面积1.28平方公里。

好，我们到了，在此我要提醒大家一定要注意安全，保管好自己的财物，下车时，请戴好我们旅行社的标志，以方便大家互相辨认。我们的车牌号为津A1234，在大家的右手边看到的是天津外国语学院，我们的车就停在外院的门口，请您一定要记住我们的停车位置，带好随身物品，我们一同下车。

我们现在站的地方就是五大道中最长的一条马路——马场道，它全长3216米，因通往英租界的跑马场而得名，曾是达官显贵云集、交错往返的一条繁华道路。在马场道上唯一的一处法式建筑就是我们现在看到的天津外国语学院。它始建于1920年，它的前身是天津工商大学，也曾是北疆博物院及天津自然博物馆的前身。我们看到它的主体建筑正面上的大时钟充分体现了法国罗曼式建筑风格，在他的旁边是五大道上第一处小洋楼，也是唯一的一栋西班牙风格的别墅住宅。

好，我们继续往前走，顺着马场道左拐，我们就来到了重庆道。现在大家看到的就是五大道上唯一的一座王府——庆王府。所谓王府，就是王爷居住的地方。但是天津并没有王爷，哪来的王府呢？庆王府的前身原本是清末最后一任总管太监小德张居住的地方。1924年，冯玉祥发动政变，把溥仪赶出了紫禁城，清室的第四代和硕亲王载振也从北京庆王府举家移居天津，载振为在天津寻找一处安宁的宅第，相中了小德张的这个院子，便以大量的金钱、土地和房产置换到手。

现在大家随我进去。

我刚才说过庆王府是清末最后一任总管太监小德张居住的，那为什么小德张辉在这里构建以做豪宅呢？小德张氏既李莲英之后的老佛爷宠爱的大太监，很多官员都会奉承他，小德张是天津静海人，在清朝下台之后，他就携带大量的财产，带着家人回到老家，购置下这块地，并自行设计建造。现在大家看到的就是一个中西合璧的砖木结构三层楼，首先，大家看面前的台阶，大家数一下，一共有多少级台阶。大家要知道，北京的皇宫里的任何台阶都是9或9的倍数，而皇上居住的地方都是999阶的故宫紫禁城，所谓，天有九重，皇上是天的儿子，受命于天而统治人间，因此，故宫里的建筑都是和9有关。那么，我们现在看到的台阶是17层半，这就是小德张取得一个巧，如果他取18层，那么它就必死无疑，因为18是9的倍数，而这里他取17层半，意味着它是一人之下，万人之上，现在我们看到的这栋房子至今已有100多年的历史了，目前，为外事办办公所用，大家进去之后不要太吵，因为还有人办公。

好我们来到里面，大家看上面的玻璃，这里的玻璃全是从比利时进口的，上面的图案全是刺上去的，做工非常的精细，大家回头看这道门，这门的木雕也是非常的豪华，现在在庆王府里面看得的建筑基本都是原来有的，我们继续往里走，来到大厅，大家站在这里，有没有感觉像北京的四合院，从整个房子的色彩看，都能放映出主人对紫禁城琉璃色彩的留念。

在我们的正对面，有三道门，但里面却见到五个房间，这就叫“明三暗五”。现在我们往外走，来到后院，在这里，我们就能看到明三暗五那五个房间了，大家可以数一下，一共五道门，这里是中国建筑的一个传统的手法，大家在回头看这些石头，都是太湖石，堆积如山，面前有一座桥，是小桥流水，旁边是两个狮子，表示子孙昌盛，千秋万代。

下面的时间留给大家自由活动，大家可以乘坐五大道的观光马车，前往常德道爱梦缘文化艺术博物馆参观楹联和藏头诗，还有河北路的粤唯鲜海鲜酒楼，是一个能吃的博物馆，在那里不仅能吃到丰富的海鲜，而且还能欣赏到各个朝代的历史文物，石刻，石像，古代兵器等，请大家保管好自己的财务，注意安全，2个小时后，我们在车上集合。

Dear tourists

Im very happy to be your guide today. When you know that Wudang Mountainis a famous Taoist mountain, you can feel that the fresh air nourishes your bodyand relieves your fatigue. Do you know what this means? This is a gift of healthand longevity given by Wudang people when they welcome you. I hope you can enjoyit during your visit to Wudang Mountain To the Sutra of prolonging life. Well,let me give you a brief introduction to Wudang Mountain.

The situation of Wudang Mountain

Wudang Mountain, also known as Taihe mountain, is located in DanjiangkouCity, Shiyan City, Hubei Province. Neijiaquan is a famous Taoist Holy Land inChina. It is the birthplace of neijiaquan. With its gorgeous natural scenery,rare ancient architecture, profound Taoist culture and mysterious Wudang martialarts, it forms an ideal fairyland of Taoism and the unity of heaven and man.They are listed as "national key cultural relics protection units, national keyscenic spots, National Wushu hometown, national 4A tourist area and worldcultural heritage" respectively.

Around eight hundred million BC, the mountain rose from the ancient ocean.About thirty thousand years ago, the Indochina plate collided with the Eurasiancontinent, the Qinghai Tibet Plateau rose strongly, and the Wudang Mountains andthe Dabashan Mountain Rose simultaneously, making it an integral part of thesecond steps of our country. The main peak, Tianzhu peak, stands at 1612 metersabove sea level, straight into the sky, and the rest of the peaks vie forgreatness and wonder. It integrates the beauty of Emei, the danger of Huashan,the seclusion of Lushan, and the greatness of Huangshan into one, forming amagnificent landscape with the main feature of strangeness, masculinity, danger,seclusion, and beauty. It was worshipped by countless literati and poets, and byemperors of all dynasties. The great calligraphers of Song Dynasty praised it as"the first mountain", and the Yongle Emperor of Ming Dynasty named it "the greatmountain Taihe mountain", which means that Wudang Mountain is not among the fivemountains, but it is above them. Wudang Mountain is backed by Daba Mountain ofQinling Mountains, facing the broad Jianghan Plain, with the Han Riverstretching thousands of miles on the left and the Yangtze River flowingthousands of miles on the right.

The peculiar natural landscape of Wudang Mountain always fascinates people.The main scenic spots are: 72 peaks, 36 rocks, 24 streams, 11 caves, 3 pools, 9springs, 10 stones, 9 wells, 9 palaces, 9 temples, 36 nunneries, 72 rocktemples, etc. Wudang Mountain is located in the hinterland of central China witha pleasant climate. Animals and plants from north and South can grow andmultiply here. In spring, the mountains are green and the flowers are beautiful;in summer, the wind and thunder are stirring and the clouds are shrouded; inautumn, the trees are sparse and the leaves are red and fresh; in winter,icicles are propping up the sky and Qiongyao are everywhere. Wang Shizhen, awriter of the Ming Dynasty, praised Wudang Mountain highly: "the victory of themountain is the best in the world.".

Wudang Wushu is a famous school of Chinese Wushu, known as "Shaolin in thenorth, Wudang in the South". Neijiaquan founded by Zhang Sanfeng has its ownsystem of Taiji, Xingyi and Bagua due to the inheritance and development ofcelebrities in the past dynasties. Especially Taijiquan has a wide range ofdevelopment with its own characteristics. It has formed many schools, such asChen style, Yang style, sun style, Wu style, etc Fitness, self-defense,longevity for the purpose, widely accepted by people, is the most preciouscultural heritage of all mankind. According to statistics, there are nearly 500million people practicing Taijiquan all over the world. As the ancestor ofTaijiquan, Wudang Mountain shoulders the historical responsibility ofinheritance and promotion. On May 26, 1999, when Comrade Jiang Zemin inspectedWudang Mountain, he said: Wudang boxing is good. Everyone should practice it andkeep fit.

Wudang Mountain is known as the "natural medicine storehouse". Li Shizhen,a medical scientist in Ming Dynasty, visited famous mountains and rivers allover the world and found Mantuoluo flower in Wudang Mountain, which solved a bigproblem of Chinese surgical anesthetics shortage. He also recorded more than 400kinds of Wudang Mountain herbs in compendium of materia medica. WudangMountains famous herbs include seven leaves and one branch of flower, one pearlon the head, a bowl of water by the river and a pen by King Wen And so on,Huangjing, Ganoderma lucidum, golden fork and other precious medicinal materialswere all tributes in the Imperial Palace at that time.

When you come to Wudang Mountain, you can not only visit mountains, butalso play with water. The largest man-made freshwater lake in Asia is located atthe foot of Wudang Mountain. It is like a colorful ribbon that makes WudangMountain look enchanting. The mountains and rivers are connected, and they areeach others wonders. The lakes and mountains echo each other from afar. Themiddle route of South-to-North Water Diversion lies here. In the Ming Dynasty,Wudang was built in the South and the Forbidden City was built in the north. Inthe present period, the vast projects of "Wudang South Water Diversion" and"Beijing for North Water Diversion" have been carried out. History always actsas a matchmaker (beauty), linking Beijing with Wudang Mountain and forming anindissoluble bond.

Hello, everyone. Welcome to our hotel. My name is Yu. As people often say,meeting is fate. I feel very honored to meet you in the beautiful Jiangcheng andspend this wonderful time with you. This is our driver, Master Wang. We willserve you today. If you have any questions, you can raise them. We will try ourbest to help you solve them. We hope to exchange our enthusiasm, patience andcarefulness for your confidence and happiness.

Today, I will take you to visit Wudang Mountain. Lets enjoy its beautifulnatural scenery and rich Taoist culture.

The situation of Wudang Mountain

Wudang Mountain is located in Danjiangkou City, Hubei Province. TheDanjiangkou reservoir, facing the rippling blue waves, is backed by the vastShennongjia forest region, covering more than 400 kilometers. The scenery hereis beautiful, and the four seasons are different: prosperous in spring, lushmountains in summer, fragrant osmanthus in autumn and white snow in winter. Nomatter when we come, we can appreciate her beauty. There is a saying that "theworlds famous mountains are occupied by Buddhas", but in Wudang Mountain,Taoism dominates the world. It is said that the Golden Summit of Wudang Mountainwas originally occupied by Wuliang Buddha. Later, Emperor Zhenwu was able tocultivate immortals and traveled here. He saw that there were many peaks here.Tianzhu peak, the main peak, towered into the clouds. Around 72 peaks, he bentover each other, forming a spectacle of "72 peaks facing the great summit".Emperor Zhenwu fell in love with this treasure land, so he went to Tianzhu peakto discuss with Wuliang Buddha about borrowing the land, and proposed to borrowonly eight steps. When Wuliang Buddha saw that he didnt have much, he agreed.Unexpectedly, Emperor Zhenwu had boundless power. He took eight steps from thetop of Tianzhu peak, 100 Li at a time. Eight steps actually took the whole ofWudang and won the right of permanent residence. Therefore, Wudang Mountainbecame the site of Taoism.

Its not only the incense resort of Taoism, but also the hometown of Wudangboxing. There has always been a saying in Chinese Wulin that "Shaolin in thenorth, Wudang in the South". Many people do not know Wudang Mountain but knowWudang boxing. It is said that the founder of Wudang boxing is Zhang Sanfeng, afamous Taoist in the Ming Dynasty. I think friends who like martial arts mayknow something about this through novels. It is said that when he was practicinghere, he saw the scene of fighting between cranes and snakes. He was inspiredand realized the thirteen forms of Tai Chi. Therefore, he was respected as thefounder of Wudang school.

Having said so much, I think you cant wait. Now that we are at the foot ofWudang Mountain, please take your belongings and get out of the car to start ourpilgrimage

Zixiao Palace

Now the green glazed tile hall in front of us is Zixiao palace. Because thehills around this place naturally formed a treasure chair for Erlong Xizhu, andEmperor Yongle named it "Zixiao blessed land". In the shrine on the stone Xumiseat in the hall, the statues of Zhenwu God in old age, middle age and youth andthe sitting statues of Wenwu immortal are worshipped. They are different inshape and lifelike, which are the art treasures of Ming Dynasty. It is said thatthe fir which is several feet long on my right hand side suddenly came fromafar, so it is called Feilai fir. It is said that if you tap one end of the fir,you can hear a clear sound at the other end, so it is also called xianglingshan.As for why it flies here, I think it is also attracted by its beautifulscenery

Nan Yan

There are 36 rocks in Wudang Mountain. Now we come to Nanyan, which isconsidered to be the most beautiful of the 36 rocks. Wudang Mountains naturallandscape and exquisite architecture are integrated, which can be fullyreflected here. The stone hall on the cliff was built in the Yuan Dynasty. Thereis a carved dragon stone beam beside the cliff. The stone beam stretches out 2.9meters and is only 30 cm wide. The top of the dragon head is carved with acenser, which is the famous "dragon head incense". In the past, some pilgrimsrisked their lives to burn Longtou incense to show their piety, which showstheir deep belief in Taoism. For the sake of safety, if we all want to make awish and pray, we can go to other places. If we are sincere, we will be wise

(for example, 36 rock in Wudang Mountain is a great spectacle. What we seenow is the most beautiful Nanyan rock among 36 rocks. This stone hall, whichstands on the edge of Nanyan cliff, was built in the Yuan Dynasty. On the edgeof the cliff of the stone hall, this small building is carved dragon stone beam.The stone beam stretches out 2.9 meters in the air and is only 30 cm wide. Thereis a dragon carved on the stone beam and a censer carved on the top of thedragon head. This is the stone hall The famous "dragon head incense", it leapsout of the sky, next to the deep valley, has a high artistic and scientific. Inthe past, some pilgrims risked their lives to burn Longtou incense to show theirpiety. It can be seen that they have a deep faith in Taoism. Because they areclose to the abyss, for safetys sake, if you want to make a wish, you can go toother places, because if you are sincere, you will be wise. ))

Tianzhu peak (Jinding)

After a lot of efforts, we finally climbed the main peak Tianzhu peak.Tianzhu peak is 1612 meters above sea level, known as "a pillar of heaven".Standing here, you can clearly see the spectacular scene of "72 peaks facing thetop". And the golden palace on the top of Tianzhu peak is the golden palace.Jindian is the largest gilded hall in China, built in the 14th year of Yongle.The whole golden hall didnt use a nail. It was made by casting all the partsand then transporting them up the mountain. The mortars and mortars were verytight. It seemed to be an integral whole. Look, its said that the ever burninglamp here never goes out. So the mountain top is open and windy. Why cant it beblown out by the wind? Its said that its because of the "fairy bead" on thecaisson. It is said that this fairy bead can suppress the mountain wind andprevent the wind from blowing into the hall, thus ensuring the brightness of themagic lamp. In fact, the real reason why the lamp is always bright is that allthe castings of the temple door are very strict and accurate, which can changethe direction of the wind. This shows the wisdom and skills of the ancientworking people in China

(dear tourists, the glittering statues you see now are in the stone hall.They also bear witness to the historical and artistic value of the stone hall,which is full of Taoist culture. We generally follow a bottom-up route. Lookingback at Nanyan, after some efforts, we have now climbed the Tianzhu peak with analtitude of 1612 meters, which is known as "one pillar supporting the sky": ifyou stand on Tianzhu peak, you can clearly see the spectacular scene of"seventy-two peaks towards the top", and on the top of Tianzhu peak stands amagnificent palace, that is everyone Now you can see the golden hall. It isanother famous palace in Wudang Mountain. The golden hall is Chinas largestHall of steel casting and gold gilding. It was built in the 14th year of Yongle.The whole golden hall was built without a nail. It was all cast and thentransported up the mountain. It was riveted tightly. It looks like an integralwhole. You can also enter the hall to pray for happiness and health. ))

OK, everybody follow me to Jinding. Now its Nantianmen. There are threedoors in Nantianmen. Why dont the two doors open? Theres something particularabout it. In the middle is the gate of heaven, also known as the gate of God,where God goes in and out. Mortals cant go, only emperors, Queens, princes andgrandchildren can. A door over there is a ghost door. Of course, the ghost doorcant be opened to let people go. The door we go through is called "peoplesdoor".

Well, friends, we are now standing on the top of the Golden Summit to seethe clouds floating and the mountains coming. Its spectacular. Its interestingto see all the mountains are small. Every peak inclines to Jinding, so there are72 peaks facing Dading. Here, you can enjoy the natural Xuanwu, which is made upof Jinding, Taihe palace, Tianzhu peak, the Forbidden City wall, and thesurrounding mountains. It is both mysterious and ingenious.

The main building in Jinding is Jindian. On the left is qianfang and on theright is Xiangfang. The golden hall is the essence of Wudang Mountains. MingChengzus concern for the golden hall can be said to be meticulous. Hepersonally arranged every link from the casting of the Golden Hall components tothe escort installation. According to the craftsmans principle, the hall ismade of copper, with double eaves and double arches_ With the imperial edict of"golden fan, gold statue of Emperor Xuan, left and right Lingguan, jade girl,holding sword to hold flag and sky general", after casting all the components inBeijing, He Jun, the imperial governor, issued the imperial edict on the ninthday of September in the fourteenth year of Yongle (1416): "today I will escortthe ships of the golden hall to Nanjing, and the ships along the way should becareful. When the sky is clear, feng shui will go smoothly. The ship should bevery clean. Therefore, the imperial edict was issued From the canal to theYangtze River and Hanjiang River in Nanjing, the components were escorted toWudang Mountain, then tenoned and welded.

On the top of Tianzhu peak, the peak of Wudang, stands a palace likebuilding with bronze gilding and wood imitation structure. This splendid anddazzling palace built in the Ming Dynasty weighs more than 100 tons, which isunique in the world. How was such a huge integral component cast and transportedto the peak of 1612m?

The golden hall and statues are national first-class cultural relics, whichare very precious. There are 7.44 taels of gold per square meter. After 400years of history, they are still brilliant. There are many magical legends andtrue stories about the golden palace. An oil lamp was lit in the 14th year ofYongle in the Ming Dynasty (1416). No matter how strong the wind is, it isalways full of flames. It never shakes and never goes out. It has continued tothis day. It hasnt been put out for more than 600 years. This lamp is dedicatedto the altar in the golden hall. It is the lamp under the bead of Dingfeng fairyin journey to the west, in which Monkey King visits Wudang Mountain and asksXuanwu emperor for help. Is Dingfeng Xianzhu able to suppress the mountainbreeze, or is it due to other reasons that the magic lamp has remained brightfor more than 500 years? In fact, the structure of the golden hall is ingenious,airtight and can not form convection, so the lamp will not go out naturally.

In order to prevent people from stealing from the golden hall, it is saidthat Thor often visits the golden hall and washes the hall with electricity andfire to warn villains that if they dare to steal from emperor Zhenwu, they willnot be spared. Under the lightning strike, the golden hall is as new as ever.Surprisingly, the golden hall is not damaged by lightning strike. The secret ofthis is difficult for ordinary people to understand. This is the famous "thunderfire Lian Dian" spectacle. "Thunder fire refining hall", that is, the fireballformed by lightning rolling on the golden hall, is very spectacular.

Transit Hall

Now, were at the transit hall. Zhenwu, Jintong, Yunv and Shuihuo areworshipped in the hall. They are all made of copper and gilded with exquisiteworkmanship. This bronze hall was cast in Wuchang in the Yuan Dynasty and is theoldest existing one in China. It is known as "the first copper hall in China".It has the style of Buddhist architecture, but it is skillfully combined withTaoist architecture, and is regarded as "transit hall" by countless believers.How did the first copper hall in China become the palace of the palace? Letsguess. The reason why this hall is called transshipment hall is that people arelooking forward to good luck. I hope my friends who are always lucky can go inand walk around, and remind them that when you walk around, you will hear theold Taoist priest ask, "did you turn around?" you should shout "turn around,turn around." Luck will turn better and better with you.

Concluding remarks

Wudang Mountain stretches eight hundred Li. Dear tourist friends. Aftervisiting Wudang Mountain, the "fairy mountain Pavilion" with high peaks andcloud all the year round, are you interested in the majestic momentum of themountains and the Taoist culture with secluded immortal bones_ Todaysexplanation can make you have a deeper impression on Wudang Mountain. Finally, Iwish you all happiness, good luck and a happy family!

各位游客朋友们：

大家好!欢迎各位来唐山旅游，我是旅行社导游，我代表旅行社对各位的到来表示热烈的欢迎!这位司机师傅(手指向司机)，他驾驶技术一流，经验丰富，今天的唐山之旅就将由师傅和我共同为大家服务，我们一定努力让您感觉象家一样舒适、顺心，恳请您对我们的服务多提宝贵意见。在这里祝大家玩的轻松、游的顺心，谢谢。

下面我为大家介绍一下今天的行程：今天我们将要游览的是国家重点文物保护单位和国家4a级风景名胜区——清东陵。一同去欣赏探寻这规模宏大、体系完整的皇家陵墓群。从现在开始到抵达我们的目的地大概需要两个小时，在这段时间里，我将向您介绍一下我的家乡“唐山”。

我们唐山是一座美丽的城市，它南滨渤海，北依燕山，东隔滦河与秦皇岛市相望，西与北京、天津二市接临，是具有百年历史的中国沿海重工业城市。

大家往车窗两边看一下，看到什么了?对了，一排排整齐的楼房和干净的街区，我们唐山啊，是一座震后崛起的新型城市，城市功能完善，1990年在全国第一个荣获联合国人居荣誉奖，1995年被评为“国家级卫生城”;而且在XX年11月已踏入“全国园林城”的行列，更是“双拥模范城”及“全国社会治安综合治理优秀城市”。

唐山的交通四通八达，境内有京哈、京秦、大秦三条干线铁路和102、112、205国道穿境而过，京沈、唐津、唐港、西外环四条高速公路交织成网，京唐港已和120多家港口通航，跻身国内港口20强。

说到这儿啊，让我想起一句话“要致富，先修路”，的确，唐山不仅是一个交通发达的城市，综合经济实力更是非常雄厚，XX年唐山国民生产总值1295亿，占河北省国民生产总值的1/5，相当于三个中等城市。

朋友们，我们现在已经进入丰润区，说到丰润就不能不说一个人，对，就是旷世巨作《红楼梦》的作者，文学巨匠“曹雪芹”，曹雪芹的祖籍丰润，现在丰润西约10公里处的“辋川莲花堂”就是曹雪芹老家的后花园，各位以后有机会不妨寻访一下一代才子给我们留下的诗情画意。

现在我们已经看到车窗外山川连绵，对了我们的汽车已驶入北部山区遵化市，遵化市盛产京东板栗、核桃、磨盘柿、山查、香白杏及大各扎……

好了，游客朋友们，我们已经进入“风水宝地”清东陵，它位于北京以东125公里处的遵化市马兰峪境内，位居北京、天津、唐山、秦皇岛、承德五大城市腹地。

清朝是中国最后一个封建王朝，从公元1664年入关到19xx年灭亡，共统治中国268年，其间经历了10个皇帝，除末代皇帝溥仪外，其他9位皇帝分别在河北省遵化市和易县境内修建了规模宏大、体系完整的帝后妃陵墓群，即清东陵和清西陵，另外，在辽宁省沈阳市还建有清太祖努尔哈赤的福陵，清太宗皇太极的昭陵，以及在新宾县建有清代远祖的永陵。所以，清代陵寝共有5处，即永陵、福陵、昭陵、清东陵、清西陵，这几处陵寝都营造得个有特色。各具千秋，但规模最宏大、体系最完整的就要数遵化市境内的清东陵了。

朋友们，今天我们沿以前皇帝祭祀时的路线进入整个陵区，让您身临其境体验一下皇帝的感觉。

大家请看，这座五间六拄十一楼的建筑就是清东陵的总门户“石牌坊”，我们可以看到它的石雕图案非常精美，整座石牌坊挺拔高耸，华美壮观，堪为不可多得的艺术杰作，虽历经300多年依然岿然矗立。

接下来我们看到的是“大红门”，它是一座庑殿顶建筑，进入大红门后我们看到的是孝陵神路，它全长6公里，将孝陵几十座形制各异，大小不一的建筑串联起来，形成一条气势宏伟、层次丰富、极为壮观的陵区中轴线。孝陵神路是清代陵寝中最长、最壮观、最富艺术感染力的神路。我们现在看到的这个建筑就是供帝王谒陵时休息、更衣、沐浴之用的具服殿。

我们看到眼前的这座矗立在神路中央的就是“神功圣德碑楼”，楼内荸荠背上驮着用满汉两种文字记载着清朝定鼎中原后第一帝顺治皇帝的“丰功伟绩”。碑楼四角处分别有四根华表，在华表的顶端，各坐着一个象龙一样的小动物，名字叫“吼”，两个向北望，两个向南望，寓意：望君出、盼君归，意思是提醒皇帝即要走出深宫，去体查民情，也不要贪恋青山秀水，不思国事。

咱们眼前这座山叫做“影壁山”，我们向北看，北有昌瑞山，南有金星山，你们看象不象是皇帝座在昌瑞山这个龙椅上，面前这个影壁山是龙案，而金星山就是一个上朝奏本的大臣?真可谓地臻全美，景物天成。当年顺治皇帝到这一带行围打猎，被这一片灵山秀水所震撼，当即传旨"此山王气葱郁可为朕寿宫"。从此昌瑞山便成了清帝“万年龙虎抱，每夜鬼神朝”的万年吉壤。

大家看到神路两边的雕像了吗?这就是孝陵石象生，是清陵中规模最大的一组，全长870米，共有18对，您看其中狮子、狻猊、骆驼、象、麒麟、马、一立一卧，错落有致，文臣、武将各3对，忠心耿耿的守卫着皇帝的陵墓。每座石雕像均用整块石料雕成，古朴粗犷，突出写意风格，与苍松翠柏相映，使神道圣洁、庄严气势非凡。

我们穿过石象生往北，看见的就是龙凤门了，它是按照神话中的南天门修建的，皇帝之灵经过此门就可以进入天堂。实际上，它起的是收拢视线、突出石象生的作用。

现在我们看到的就是孝陵的七孔桥，此桥最具特色，它长过百米，型似长虹，最奇妙的是它两侧的栏板是用一种特殊质料的汉白玉雕砌而成，倘若轻轻敲击会发出金钟、玉簪一般美妙和谐的声音，因其所发声音与五音相似，也被称为“五音桥”，可以称的上是当代奇桥。

现在我们来到了孝陵停车场，我们的车一整天都会停在这里，大家请带好随身贵重物品，大家一定要记住我们车的特征是旅游车，车号是冀b，以免上错车。现在就我们大家可以去参观由工作人员恢复模拟的一个庞大的“祭祀大典”，即康熙9年17岁的康熙皇帝恭奉祖母孝庄文皇后来给其父顺治皇帝祭陵的场面。10点20分我们准时在停车场集合，一起去参观定东陵的慈禧陵。

大家都到齐了，我们一起从这里步行去参观定东陵。定东陵是咸丰皇帝的孝贞皇后和孝钦显皇后的陵寝，一在普祥峪、一在普陀峪，两陵并排，表面看来规模、形制完全相同。与帝陵相比，后陵没有大碑楼和石象生，建筑布局相仿，规模较小。两座陵寝同时开工兴建，历时六年同时完工，耗费银两各超过200万两，在所有皇后陵中均属上乘，但慈禧还不满足。东太后驾崩后，西太后大权独揽，于1895年下令拆除三大殿重建，并严令原材料不得有丝毫迁就，重修工程持续了XX年直至慈禧死时才休上。

重修后的慈禧陵是清代皇陵中最豪华的一座陵寝。

这就是慈禧陵了，我们看见重建的慈禧陵，用料之精美、工艺之高超、装修之独特，均居明清帝后陵之乎，堪称慈陵之“三绝”。

来，现在我们到殿前看一下这丹陛石，它的图案打破了龙凤并排的格局，而是凤在上飞，龙在下追的图案，在雕刻手法上采用高浮雕加透雕的工艺，凤足、凤冠、龙须、龙爪等10处透雕，增强了图案的立体感，这在当时可是最先进的雕刻艺术。总之，丹陛石图案的新颖，风格独具，风舞龙飞，栩栩如生，可谓石雕中的珍品。

大家请跟我来，我们看隆恩殿围以汉白玉石栏，为显示女人当政，在所有栏板上用浮雕技法刻成凤在前飞，龙在后追的图案。76根望柱的雕刻打破了一龙一凤相间排列的传统格局，而是在柱头上全部雕刻翔凤，而龙则雕在柱身上，里外两侧各一条，形成了“一凤压两龙”的图案，这在中国是独一无二的。像这样寓意其中的雕刻，世属罕见，怎能不称这之为一绝呢!

步入慈禧陵隆恩门，一眼就看独具一格的红褐色门窗菱花和梁枋斗拱，浑然一体，给人以清心悦目之感。乍看不如宫廷中常见的红漆彩梁柱那么艳丽，细瞧才可发现木质纹理精细、色彩典雅。这是一种名贵的黄花梨木，多产于海南岛。遍访各处建筑，用此木建殿堂者，唯有慈禧陵一处。这些名贵的材料，构成了慈禧陵木质精美之一绝。

隆恩殿和东西配殿内金龙和玺彩画，在原木上直接沥粉贴金。三殿内外彩画共有3177条金龙，分为行龙、卧龙、降龙，千姿百态、光彩夺目。我们知道，代表皇权最高威严的紫禁城金銮殿(太和殿)内只有六根贴金明柱;而慈禧陵三大殿64根柱上都缠绕一条半立体铜鎏金的盘龙。龙首向下，龙尾向上，在龙须上设弹簧，随着空气流动，龙须自行摆动，美妙无比。三殿墙壁也不同于其它后陵，内壁雕刻成“五福捧寿”、“四角盘龙”、“万子不到头”图案，全部筛扫红、黄金。整座殿堂金碧辉煌，其精美、豪华令人瞠目，据载，仅三殿用叶子金就超过4500两。使之显得更加金碧辉煌。金饰的豪华堪称一绝。

现在我们进入地宫，慈禧的地宫由五券二门组成，金券正中汉白玉棺床上安放着慈禧太后的棺椁，棺椁分两层，里为棺、外为椁，均由名贵的金丝楠木制成。

慈禧把自己的陵寝建的如此富丽堂皇，她的葬礼也竭尽奢华。她企盼到了阴间仍能继续过骄奢淫逸的帝王生活。慈禧死后一年，葬入地宫。然而她万万没有想到，仅仅20xx年后的1920xx年，就发生了震惊中外的“东陵盗宝案”。慈禧陵和乾隆的裕陵，被军阀孙殿英的士兵掘开。在地宫中，棺椁内和慈禧身上无数世所罕见、价值连城的珍宝被洗劫一空。她的遗体被扔出棺外，惨不忍睹。现在棺椁内保存的是慈禧太后的一具干尸。如今，楠木棺椁华丽可辨，但棺内含恨吞辱的慈禧却永远无法“安卧”。正是她对自己死后之葬也要如此骄奢，引来了整个清东陵(除顺治孝陵)屡屡被掘的“奇辱大难”。

下面的时间里，我们大家可以自由参观，参观过程中请您注意爱护文物，保持环境清洁，注意安全。午餐大家可以按计划自由用餐。我们的车会一直停在停车场，不要忘记16整准时集合返回市区。

各位朋友们，今天我们游览了山川秀丽、建筑雄伟的国家4a级风景名胜区清东陵。通过这一天的接触，我发现大家都非常友好，大家对我工作也很配合，很支持我，在此我向大家表示感谢!

在此离别之际，纵有许多的不舍，也不得不说再见，我衷心希望咱们后会有期，重逢在假日。分别之前，希望大家对我的工作有什么意见和建议，填在意见反馈卡上，以帮助我改进服务，谢谢合作。

Badaling Great Wall located at Beijing yanqing county JunDouShan ditch ancient road north port. Badaling consists of "eight DaLing", "bada ridge", "eight ridge", "tatar" the four kinds of harmonics. Badaling is the mouth outside juyongguan, north to yanqing, akagi, die zhangjiakou, equal, east to yongning, universal, south to changping, Beijing and other regions, is convenient, so it is a important traffic arteries and ancient defense outpost, known as the "Beijing north first barrier". Badaling Great Wall is open to tourists the first location of the Great Wall, badaling scenic spot to the Great Wall at badaling is given priority to, build the badaling hotel and title by President jiang zemin of China Great Wall museum, such as full-featured modern tourist service facilities. Badaling scenic spot to its magnificent landscape, perfect facilities is famous in the world and the profound connotation of culture and history. "Not a true man unless he comes to the Great Wall, badaling Great Wall is the ancient and modern Chinese and foreign people from all walks of life to visit in Beijing will come to that, so far, the Great Wall at badaling, including Nixon, Margaret thatcher, etc, have been established more than three hundred world famous people who hit the badaling Great Wall was xiuse view here.

Badaling Great Wall its GuanCheng is narrow east west wide trapezoid, built during Ming hongzhi 18 years (in 1505), jiajing and wanli period once repair. Something second east GuanCheng MenE topic "agent in town", engraved in the eighteenth year of jiajing (1539); Simon frontal topic "north gate lock-and-key", engraved Yu Wanli ten years (1582). Both doors to the masonry structure, coupons hole as a platform, on the north and south of Chinese Taiwan have their own channels, connection GuanCheng walls, and the stage build by laying bricks or stones around the crenel. Before and after the construction of pier 1316.

The Great Wall at badaling typically shows the Great Wall and style. As Beijing barrier, overlapping mountains here, the situation it is. Momentum is extremely powerful stretches the wall between the north and the south hovering in group of mountain majestic mountains, sight, no end. To both sides of the Great Wall more than line according to the mountain, steep cliff ancient books by "crash", the exact Outlines the badaling position of military importance.

Badaling is an important military strategic position since ancient times, the spring and autumn period and the warring states period to defense the northern nationality, in the built the Great Wall, still see the residual wall, pier remains, it leads in accord with the Ming Great Wall. Badaling is a mountainous overlapping JunDouShan at a mountain pass, in the Ming dynasty changan night said: "the road from then on, convenient, therefore the badaling, is the highest in barrier." Visible badaling geographical strategic position.

After eighty years of construction, the badaling Great Wall became chengguan associative, on the other side of the pier fort, heavy city guard, fire alarm system of tight defense.

Escort juyongguan badaling Great Wall is the gateway in history, from the Great Wall at badaling to todays nankou, grow in the middle is a 40 gorge, gorge zhongjian about city "juyongguan, the canyon hence the name" guan ditch ", and really grip the mark is badaling Great Wall, badaling on clearance groove at the top, two peak here, sceneries in a open, commanding, the situation is extremely dangerous. The ancients had "under the badaling juyongguan, such as building, such as looking well", "the agent of risks, not GuanCheng, in badaling". Visible at juyongguan is just a GuanCheng, true is built at the badaling Great Wall. Badaling mountain pass special terrain, becomes all previous dynasties mohican, therefore, here to build the Great Wall is very important strategic significance.

Badaling is the witness of many important events in history.

After the first emperor qin shihuang east tateishi, from badaling via datong, then drive back to xianyang. Queen mother XunXing shaw, yuan MAO shipments, the yuan dynasty emperor twice a year to travel between Beijing and on, emperor of Ming dynasty, the northern expedition, the article analyzes compromised, personal expedition emperors in the qing dynasty in Beijing badaling is. In modern history, the empress dowager cixi fled west tears in badaling, zhan tianyou in badaling hosts to build China is to build on our first railway, Beijing railway, sun yat-sen board the badaling Great Wall, etc., and left many historical allusion and precious historical memory, is history.

The Great Wall badaling Great Wall is open to tourists the first location. "Not a true man unless he comes to the Great Wall". Badaling has received so far, the Chinese and foreign visitors to one hundred and thirty million, successively with Nixon, Reagan and thatcher, mikhail gorbachev, Elizabeth, heath, 372 foreign heads of state and the world of many characters, the badaling sightseeing.

Tourists friends, hello, welcome you to the three gorges tourism. Seven hundred in the three gorges, the grand risk, pull beautiful beautiful, four seasons beautiful scene different style. Winter, spring pool, green west, blame BaiLingFeng, flying waterfall suspended; The summer water rises, the river surging; Your autumn the chill cold, ape cry. Into the three gorges somebody else, tasting the golden orange; On the three gorges dam, majestic momentum. Affectionate three gorges scenery, the peoples enthusiasm, welcome you often swim here. I hope you happy in this trip, a nice day.

TanZiLing scenic spot is a national first batch AAAA level scenic area, is the earliest development of the three gorges dam scenic area, in 1997, the official start of the reception foreign tourists due to its observation deck at the top like a named overturned jars, the scenic spot is located for the dam construction surveying points, elevation 262.48 meters, is the best place to watch the panoramic view of three gorges project, not only can enjoy the three gorges dam on the powerful ZhuangWei, still can watch stand bolt upright a precipice "Yangtze river gorge" fourth two-way five locks.

TanZiLing scenic spot is the commanding heights of the three gorges site, is the best place to watch the panoramic view of three gorges project. TanZiLing for inverting image outside a jar. Scenic area of about 100000 square meters of the whole scenic spots including the observation deck, anaglyph big book, iron and steel group, one hundred million Jiang Shi model room and green belts, and so on, showed the long-standing three gorges culture comprehensive, expressed the people hydration and water as a distinct theme, man can conquer nature.

TanZiLing because its shape looks like a mountain of sichuan people make kimchi named buckle the jar at the top of the hill, elevation 262.48 meters, the three gorges dam is 15.28 square kilometers land within the scope of the commanding heights above sea level, on the top of the TanZiLing observation deck, overlooking the three gorges dam construction, get a good view of the xiling cattle rocks beautiful scenery and the prospect of new county zigui.

Legend has it that dayu harnessing of 3 a house but not into, in god cow help through KuiMen, pushed open the channel in 400, familiar people gratitude, with a huge boat carrying 24 pig head and a large altar wine to treat. To the accomplishment, but see that god cattle smoke cloud, only left a video in the high mountain, after the people called scalpers rock. The dayu also track god cattle travel, left over from a statue of stone as a souvenir. Touched by people for a long time refused to leave, make huge boat in the river on the waiting, the giant ship into a small island - being built at zhongbaodao island. The ships pig into the river, will be 24 in rocks, and the altar wine is on the left bank, unreal TanZiLing and popular. Buddha, it is said that on sunny weather, the breeze peak to peak in the river, wine consumption binge, also really ecstatic.

The entire park in a highly increasing from top to bottom is divided into three layers, showrooms, mainly by the model ten thousand a recently stone, river closure, the three gorges dam foundation, silver version gobbledygook and TanZiLing landscape, such as the observation deck and spectacular fountains and beautiful waterfalls, winding streams, green lawn, this process, in a static dynamic, moving in the static, as if place oneself in the beautiful paradise.

昆明具有悠久的历史、灿烂的文化，是国务院公布的首批24个历史文化名城之一，拥有2200多年的建城史，滇池地区拥有3000年的文明史。约3万年前，即有人类生活在滇池地区。战国至东汉初，滇池周围的“滇人”建立滇国，创造了独具特色的“滇文化”。公元前109年，西汉设益州郡，将滇池地区纳入中原王朝版图。公元765年，南诏国筑拓东城，为昆明建城之始。大理国时称鄯阐城。拓东城、鄯阐城分别为南诏国、大理国的东京。1276年，昆明设中庆城，首次成为省会。明代，大量移民进入云南，昆明汉族人口首次超过本地土著居民。明末清初，李定国等农民起义军、永历帝、吴三桂先后在昆明或建立政权、或建立皇宫。1911年的“重九起义”，推翻了清朝在云南的统治。1905年，昆明自辟为商埠及1910年滇越铁路的修通，使昆明成为一个开放城市。1915年，昆明爆发“护国首义”，全国响应。1919年，设云南市政公所，为昆明设市的发端。1922年改设昆明市政公所。1928年8月1日，成立昆明市政府。抗战时期，昆明成为支撑中国抗战的经济、文化、军事重镇之一，成为著名的“民主堡垒”。1949年12月9日，昆明和平解放。

上海景点英文导游词

located at the center of the mainlands coastline, shanghai has long been a major hub of communications, transportation, and international exchange. the municipality covers an area of 6,341 square kilometers and has a population of more than 13.5 million. shanghai is chinas largest economic comprehensive industrial base, and a famous historical and cultural city.

the city consistently attracts investment and is seen as an ideal venue for business gatherings. it is also a must on any agenda during a tour of china. shanghai has fostered a comprehensive transportation network that incorporates land, sea, and air travel, as well as a convenient urban transportation system. more than 300 airlines serve the city, proving direct flights to more than 20 countries and regions. the addition of the shanghai pudong international airport, which went into operation in 1999, is expected to increase the annual passenger volume to some 20 million.

special tourist trains running between shanghai and the neighboring provinces of jiangsu and zhejiang, as well as tourist bus routes along newly-constructed expressways, offer great convenience for regional travel. shanghai has more than 400 travel agencies to assist visitors, and the 127 star-rated hotels offer a total of 40, 000 guest rooms.

visitors to shanghai are not only dazzled by the modern metropolis and gateway to a developing china, but are also able to immerse themselves in the unique shanghai culture, a combination of chinese and western elements. colorful festivals and celebrations dot the yearly shanghai activities calendar, such as the shanghai nanhui peach blossoms festival, shanghai international tea culture festival and shanghai china international art festival.

shanghai has also introduced special tour packages aimed at the different interests of visitors, such as bicycling tours, hiking tours, gourmet tours, rehabilitation and health care tours, study tours, japanese young womens tours, honey moon tours, and convention and exhibition tours.

the bund

the well-known bund is a must for visitors to shanghai. fifty-two buildings lining the narrow shoreline of the huangpu river offer a living exhibition of gothic, baroque, roman, classic revival and renaissance architectural styles, as well as combinations of chinese and western styles. they are also a condensation of the recent history of the city. the wide embankment offers ample room for strolling and is used by locals for morning exercises and evening gatherings. in the evening, colorful lights illuminate the area and create a shimmering image deserving of the name pearl of the orient.

the yu garden

the yu gardens are a classical landscape in the southern chinese style with a history of more than 400 years. pavilions, halls, rockeries and ponds display the finest in landscaping from the southern style as seen in the ming and qing dynasties. more than 40 landscapes were ingeniously separated by latticed walls, winding corridors, and lattice windows.

peoples square

peoples square has become the political and cultural center in shanghai since 1994, when it was rebuilt. in and around the square are a massive fountain named the light of huangpu river, 10,000 square meters of lawns, six groups of relief carvings that depict the history of shanghai, the new shanghai museum, the offices of the municipal government, an underground shopping plaza, the shanghai grand theater and the shanghai exhibition center

the orient pearl tv tower

the orient pearl tv tower is 468 meters high, the tallest in asia and third tallest in the world. it faces the bund across the huangpu river. when viewed from the bund, the tower and the nanpu and yangpu bridges create a vivid imagery known as "two dragons playing with a pearl." the sphere at the top has a diameter of 45 meters and is 263 meters above ground. the observation deck in the sphere offers a sweeping view of the city. the revolving restaurant is set at 267 meters above pudong new area. the dance ball, piano bar and 20 karaoke rooms, at 271 meters, are also opened to the public. the penthouse, which sits at 350 meters, has an observation deck, meeting room, and coffee shop. the tower integrates broadcasting technologies with sightseeing, catering, shopping, amusement, and accommodations. it has become the symbol of the city and a major tourist attraction in shanghai.

cruise on the huangpu river

cruising on the huangpu river, visitors can gaze at the mighty skyscrapers, the monument tower to the peoples heroes, the famous waibaidu bridge and huangpu park on one bank, and the orient pearl tv tower, international convertion center, jin mao building and the newly rising pudong new area on the other. the yangpu and nanpu bridges span the river. from the river, visitors can also view the ruins of ancient cannon emplacements and fortifications at wusong and the magnificent view of the yangtze river as it empties into the sea.

nanjing road

nanjing road east, honored as "chinas no. l street", has become an all-weather pedestrian arcade. shops and restaurants provide products and services with their own characteristics, making it an ideal place that integrates shopping, restaurants, amusement and sightseeing.

luxun park

the museum and tomb are located in lu xun park. lu xun was an imminent man of letters. the museum exhibits lu xuns manuscripts, some of his personal effects, document., and photos. the headstone at the tomb of lu xun is in the calligraphy of vhio zedong and reads "the tomb of mr. lu xun."

dr. suns residence

dr. sun yat-sen, the forerunner of the chinese democratic revolution, and his wilr soong ching ling, lived in this building from 1918 to 1924. it was in the residence that dr. sun yat-sen met representatives of the communist party and fostered the first cooperation between the chinese communist party and the kuomintang.

soong ching lings residence

this is the former residence of soong ching ling. an honorary chairwoman of the peoples republic of china and the widow of sun yat-sen. she lived, worked, and studied here during the last years of her life.

birthplace of the communist party of china.

in july of 1921, the first national communist party congress was held in this building. the congress passed the partys program and resolutions, elected the central committee, and declared the founding of the cpc.

shanghai library

the new shanghai library, which covers an area of some 80,000 square meters, has a collection of 13 million books and is considered one of the top ten libraries in the world. the library incorporates the open-stacks approach favored in the west, which allows for convenience in borrowing books.

shanghai grand theater

located in the northwestern corner of peoples square. the shanghai grand theater covers 70,000 squat, meters. it is actually composed of three theaters. the theaters can accommodate performances of ballet opera, symphonies, chamber music modern dramas, and musicals. the theater also owns the largest, fully automatic stage in asia. the theater has become a symbol of modern culture in shanghai.

duolun road

cultural celebrities street, located along duolun road and surrounding areas,is a living memorial to the modern cultural celebrities of shang-hai and is also a condensation of modern culture. such chinese literary giants as lu xun, mao dun, guo moruo and ye shengtao lived and wrote here,making the road an important feature in chinas modern cultural history. in addition, the famous gongfei cafe. celebrities mansion, the shanghai art opera troupe, and hai shang jiu li also display the accumulated cultural atmosphere of duolun road today.

各位游客大家好，首先我代表天津旅行社欢迎大家来天津旅游观光。我是导游员，

我旁边的这一位是我们的司机门师傅。今天就由我们来为大家服务。如果大家在旅途中遇到什么问题请您尽管提出来。我们会竭诚为您服务。最后在这里望大家能够在天津度过一段美好的时光。

今天我们要游览的地方是天津五大道风情区。首先我先给大家介绍一下五大道的概况。五大道是指坐落在天津市和平区成都道以南，马场道以北，西康路以东，马场道与南京路以西的长方形区域。总长度为17公里，总占地面积为1.28平方公里。内涵23条道路。历史上曾经由海河淤泥垫地而形成。19世纪初，这里曾是英国租界。

说起小洋楼，上海、青岛、厦门都有很多，但是比较起来，天津却是现存最多，保存最为完好，也是最为出名的。在其中有一个重要的原因，就是在这里居住的人不同寻常。据不完全统计，在上个世纪的二三十年代在这里就曾居住过两任民国总统，分别是徐世昌，曹锟。七任国务总理或代理国务总理以及各省的督军，实业家，买办。

今天我们主要游览的景点有天津外国语学院，粤唯鲜酒楼，和平宾馆，庆王府，民院体育馆，以及其他名人旧居。好了，接下来，就让我们共同来体味五大道独特的风味建筑。

现在我们大家所看到的就是写有五大道三个字的大时钟。它是五大道的标志之一。那我们今天就以它为起点，首先游览的就是马场道。下面请大家随我参观。

马场道是五大道中最长的一条路，他全长是3216米。因通往英租界的跑马场而得名。下面请大家跟我继续参观。现在我们来到的就是天津外国语学院。它的前身是北疆博物院。北疆博物院是近代所设立的第一家自然博物馆，它的创办者是法国学者离桑，中文名字叫桑志华。大家请看，它的建筑为典型的法式建筑，主要体现的是它的大屋顶，它的大屋顶主要体现的是法国曼赛尔的建筑特色。

眼前的这座小洋楼，它始建于1920xx年，是有英国的皮毛商人达文士修建。这栋小洋楼是五大道上为数不多的西班牙式建筑。

现在我们所在的位置是睦南道。睦南道全长是1968米。走进睦南道，我们首先看到的是著名爱国将领高树勋的旧居。这栋小洋楼风格别具，是一座典型的英式建筑。英式建筑最主要的特点是大坡度，尖屋顶，并开有天窗。

现在我们所在的位置是睦南道金林村四号，当时居住的是清朝末年最后一个总管太监小德张。接下来就请大家跟我进去参观。现在我们来到的就是金林村四号小德张的居所。民国二年，小德张携大量私款及他的家人来到天津。他先是在重庆道的55号置地建房，后来把这栋房产让给了清庆王载振，于是小德张又在天津的其他地方购置了很多房产。而这栋小洋楼是小德张在家境逐渐衰落的时候所居住的地方，直到1957年，小德张在这里病逝。好了，接下来请大家继续跟我参观。

现在我们来到的是位于河北路183号的粤唯鲜海鲜酒楼，这栋楼始建于1936年到1937年间，由于它外围疙瘩点点，所以天津人把它称之为疙瘩楼。这栋楼是由著名的意大利设计师保罗鲍乃弟设计的。当时设计出来之后是一座公寓式的大楼。而在这栋大楼的305号房间曾经居住的是著名的京剧表演大师马连良。

现在我们来到的是位于睦南道20号的孙殿英旧居。孙殿英当时盗掘清东陵的慈禧墓，把慈禧墓盗掘一空，所盗宝物足足装了五只大皮箱子。而且都是由孙殿英亲自加封的。该楼始建于1930年，是以其二姨太的名义所购置的房产。整栋建筑为典型的巴洛克式建筑。巴洛克式建筑的点睛之笔就是迎面的几根绞绳式立柱。接下来请大家随我进去参观。

现在我们来到的是大理道。大理道全长1745米，两侧房屋大多是单体的英式小洋楼。它的私密性和隐蔽性非常的强。接下来就请大家跟我继续参观。

现在我们来到的是大理道上的和平宾馆。它又被称之为润园。1951年的时候，毛泽东主席来到天津视察工作，就曾在这里居住。为了纪念他，取名为润园。因为毛泽东主席字润之。这栋楼始建于1931年，是由安徽寿州著名的实业家孙振芳先生出巨资修建的。整栋楼的建筑风格为西班牙式建筑。这也是整个五大道上为数不多的西班牙式建筑。

现在我们来到的就是民院体育场。它是由海河的淤泥垫地而形成的。整体的占地面积为41200平方米。当市民园体育场外围的围墙以及罗马柱全部都是铁质的。但在1943年的时候日本人侵占天津，便把原来的铁质罗马柱及围墙全部盗走，用来制造军火，后来改为砖砌的围墙以及罗马柱。1954年民园体育场足球场地铺设了草坪，并搭起了24米高的木质灯架，成为全国第一个灯光草坪足球场。它也曾经是天津泰达足球队的主场。现在大家所看到的是整修一新的民院体育场。

现在我们来到的是位于重庆道55号的庆王府。它始建于1920xx年，是由清朝末年最后一个总管太监小德张所督建的。1920xx年清王朝庆亲王第四代传人爱新觉罗·载振来到天津，相中了小德张所督建的这套宅院，于是载振用当时他在天津北马路的十一所平方与他交换，所以说此处房产是载振置换到手的。1920xx年，冯玉祥发动了北京政变，把溥仪赶出了紫禁城。载振也随之来到天津，就一直居住在这座王府当中。搬进来的载振在这里吃喝享乐，吸食鸦片，过起了悠哉悠哉的寓公生活，直到1947年，71岁的四世亲王在这里病故。庆王府的建筑为典型的中西合璧式，首先看到的是它的门楼为典型的西式门楼。它的寓意是海纳百川。接下来请大家随我进去参观。一进大门口，我们首先看到的是一组高大的石台阶，它的台阶数为17级半，这其中是有含义的。因为在古代，9是阳数，99是极阳数，只有皇帝才有权利使用。而当时的小德张想把它修成十八级，但又怕皇帝怪罪于他，于是他命人把第一层削去了一层，变成了17节半。而这一点又充分的表现了小德张当时的一种心态，就是一人之下万人之上。除了皇帝，只有他是最大的。现在请大家随我到侧面看一下主楼的主体建筑。现在我们看到的是它的主楼，为典型的中式建筑。现在请大家跟我参观一下它的后花园。现在我们来到的就是庆王府的后花园。这座花园是小德张按照北方园林的建筑造型而修建的。它可谓麻雀虽小五脏俱全。在这里有凉亭，假山，水池，小桥等。在整座花园当中，最令人叫绝的是这七棵黄金树。据说这是北美的一种树种，到了深秋季节它会结出像长豆角一样的果实，而且表面是呈金黄色的。这样一根根的倒挂在树上，像金条一样，由此而得名。文革期间，庆王府是遭到破坏最少的一座风貌建筑。其中的原因就是从解放后至今，这里一直是天津外事办公室。现在这里已经成为天津对外友好往来的一个重要场所。

百年历史看天津，天津的缩影在和平，和平的精华全部集中在五大道这个地区，我相信明天的五大道将会以更新的姿态来迎接更多游人的参观。转眼之间我们今天的旅途就要结束了，在此我要感谢大家对我工作的支持和帮助，对大家深深的道一声谢谢。如果有什么地方做的不妥也希望您能够见谅，在此留下您宝贵的意见以便我们在今后的工作中能够有所改进。如果有缘，我期待能够和您再次相会在天津。最后我在这里祝愿大家万事顺意，一路平安。

Ladies and gentlemen, the place we are going to visit is Shaolin Temple,the birthplace of Chinese Zen. Shaolin Temple was built in the 19th year ofTaihe in the Northern Wei Dynasty (495 AD). It was founded by Yuanhong, EmperorXiaowen, in order to settle Batuo, an Indian monk. Because it is located in thedense forest of Shaoshi mountain, it is called "Shaolin Temple". Bodhidharma,the 28th generation Buddha of Sakyamuni, arrived at Shaolin Temple in the thirdyear of Xiaochang (527 AD) of the Northern Wei Dynasty and spread Zen Buddhismfor the first time, which had a great influence. Therefore, Shaolin Temple iscalled "Zen ancestral court" by the world Buddhism, and develops rapidly on thisbasis. Especially after the thirteen stick monks rescued Li Shimin in the earlyTang Dynasty, Shaolin Temple has been highly valued by the Tang Dynasty and wonthe reputation of "the first temple in the world".

Todays Shaolin Temple is famous not only for its ancient and mysteriousBuddhist culture, but also for its exquisite Shaolin Kung Fu. "Chinese Kung Fuis the best in the world, and the worlds Kung Fu is the best in Shaolin.". Thisis the birthplace of Shaolin martial arts, Shaolin martial arts is alsorecognized as the authentic School of Chinese martial arts.

Shaolin Temple is also one of the famous tourist attractions in China. In20__, Shaolin Temple scenic spot was first recognized as the most advanced 4Atourist area in China by the National Tourism Administration.

Shaolin Temple scenic spots include Shaolin Temple, talin, Chuzu temple,erzu temple, Damo cave, Shifang temple, martial arts hall and other majortourist attractions.

Now the first thing we see is that Shaolin Temple is oftenhospitalized.

Shaolin Temple often hospitalized is the core of Shaolin Temple. It is theplace where monks and deacons conduct Buddhist activities, with a total area ofmore than 30000 square meters. It is a seven entrance building. Now the firstthing we see is:

Shanmen: Shanmen is the gate of Shaolin Temple. It was built in the QingDynasty and renovated in 1975. The word "Shaolin Temple" on the forehead waswritten by Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty. There is a square seal of"treasure of Kangxis imperial pen".

The stone lions on both sides of the steps of the Mountain Gate hall arecarved in the Ming Dynasty, which not only shows the style of Buddhism, but alsosymbolizes the suppression of evil and auspiciousness. On both sides of themountain gate are East and West Stone squares built in the Jiajing period of theMing Dynasty.

You see, the shrine in Shanmen hall is dedicated to Maitreya Buddha, alsoknown as Yingbin Buddha. He is kind-hearted and welcomes you with a smile. Wecall Maitreya Buddha "dignified and solemn Mountain Gate, happy to see the worldshining, laughing and greeting people, blessing endless bliss".

At the back of the niche in the Mountain Gate hall is the Bodhisattva WeiTuo, known as the Dharma protector, who holds a diamond pestle to protect thethree treasures of Buddhism, Buddhism and monks.

We can see that there are many inscriptions on both sides of Shanmencorridor, which are called Shaolin Temple stele forest. These are famousoriginal inscriptions since Tang and Song dynasties. On the east side of thestele forest is the former site of Ciyun hall, which is now the stele corridorof Shaolin Temple. It not only records the rise and fall of the temple, but alsohas high research value in history, sculpture and art. There are 108 steleinscriptions in the stele forest and stele corridor of Shaolin Temple.

The western part of the tablet forest is the hammer spectrum hall, whichhas 42 corridors in one week. It shows the origin, development, practice, eliteroutine, national defense function, monks and soldiers, martial arts activitiesand so on by using clay sculpture and wood carvings, etc., displaying 14 sets of216 hammer images in Shaolin Temple. There are meditation, running around theBuddha, Baduanjin, xiaohongquan, dahongquan, liuhequan, tongbangquan,luohanquan, zhaoyangquan, practicing basic skills, thirteen stick monk rescuingthe king of Qin, Xiaoshan monk going out to battle, master yuekong pingwokou andlaity disciples practicing martial arts. As the saying goes: five minutes in thehammer music hall, you can practice Shaolin Kung Fu by comparing thesestatues.

Tianwang hall is the second building we see now. The original building ofTianwang hall was burned by Shi Yousan in 1928. It was rebuilt in 1982. The twogreat vajras outside the hall are said to be "hum" and "ha" generals, whose dutyis to protect Buddhism. Inside the hall are the four heavenly kings, also knownas the four vajras. Their duty is to inspect the good and evil behaviors of allliving beings, help the poor and help the poor, and bless the world. Accordingto the combination characteristics of the four heavenly kings, it means "goodweather".

Daxiong hall is the central building of the whole temple and an importantplace for monks to carry out Buddhist activities. Like Tianwang hall, it wasburned by warlord Shi Yousan in 1928. It was rebuilt in 1985. The hall is a fiveroom wide double eaves Xieshan style building. In the center of the hall is thepresent Buddha Sakyamuni Buddha, on the left is the past Buddha, the pharmacistBuddha in the Oriental pure glass world, and on the right is the future Buddha,Amitabha Buddha in the Western Paradise. On the East and West gables of the hallis the eighteen Arhats, and on the back wall of the screen wall is theAvalokitesvara. The difference between the main hall of Shaolin Temple and themain hall of other temples is that there are standing statues on the left andright of the third Buddha and the king jinnaro, known as the founder ofShaolins cudgel art. In addition, there are two pillars in the middle of thehall, and there are Unicorn statues under them, which indicates that ZenBuddhism is a completely sinicized Chinese Buddhism.

The buildings on both sides of the main hall are the second floor of thebell and drum, the bell tower in the southeast and the drum tower in thesouthwest. The original buildings were destroyed in 1928 and rebuilt in 1994.They are the fixed buildings of the temple. We often say "morning bell andevening drum" is a signal for monks to live and carry out Buddhistactivities.

In front of the bell tower, this tablet is called "emperor Songyue ShaolinTemple tablet", commonly known as "Li Shimin tablet", which was carved in the16th year of Kaiyuan (728 AD) of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty. On the front,Li Shimins message to the master of Shaolin Temple and others praises Shaolinmonks for their contribution to the Tang Dynastys pacification of WangShichong. In the fifth line from the right, Li Shimins initialed word "Shimin"is inscribed on the tablet. The seven characters "emperors imperial script" arethe imperial script of Emperor Xuanzong Li Longji of Tang Dynasty. Theinscription on the back is Li Shimins inscription on the imperial script ofbaiguzhuang in Shaolin Temple, which records the story of thirteen stick monkssaving the king of Qin. It is also the historical basis for the film ShaolinTemple.

To the north of Li Shimins stele is Xiaoshan Zen master Xingshi stele,which records the experience of the 24th generation Zen master of Cao Dongzongin Shaolin Temple and the merits of reviving Shaolin Zen. On the back of thestele is the tuzan stele of the three religions of Hunyuan, on which is engravedthe image of the three religions of Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism. Thisstele reflects that Songshan is a place where the three religions of Buddhism,Taoism and Confucianism gather together, and embodies the important idea of thethree religions merging. Further north, we can see the Qianlong imperial stelecarved in 1750. The inscription on the tablet is a five character poem: to seeZhongyue tomorrow, to stay in Shaolin tonight, to be quiet in the heartaccording to the six Chan, to be deep in the mountains, to be quiet in theancient trees, to be overcast in the night, to be taught half rock rain, and tosing from my window at night.

On the east side of the main hall is jinnaro hall, which was rebuilt in1982. Jinnaro king is the unique Dharma protector of Shaolin Temple. It showsthe three different images of King jinnaro: the body of Bao, the body of Dharmaand the body of Ying.

On the west side of Daxiong hall, opposite to jinnaro hall, is liuzu hall.It was rebuilt in 1982. On the front side of the hall are Bodhisattva dashizhi,Manjusri, Guanyin, Puxian and dizang. On the two sides are Bodhisattva Dharma,Huike, can, Daoxin, Hongren and Huineng, the first ancestor of Zen. They arecalled the sixth ancestor worshipping Guanyin. On the west wall of liuzutang isa large-scale painted sculpture "Dharma walking only in the west".

The Sutra Pavilion, also known as Fatang, was built in the Ming Dynasty. Itwas destroyed in 1928 and rebuilt in 1994. It is the place for monks to collectsutras. It is a white jade Buddha statue presented by a Burmese disciple ofShaolin Temple in 1996. There is a big iron pot under the platform of the SutraPavilion, which was cast in the Wanli year of the Ming Dynasty. It is said thatit was a small pot used by Shaolin monks to fry vegetables at that time. Fromthis pot, we can imagine the prosperity and prosperity of Shaolin Temple at thattime.

The East and West chambers of the Sutra pavilion are the East Chan hall andthe West Hakka hall respectively. The East Chan hall is a place for monks tomeditate, while the West Hakka hall is now a place for guests.

The Abbots room is the place where the abbot monk (the abbot) of ShaolinTemple lives, lives and administers. On September 29th, the 15th year ofQianlong, Qianlong stayed here when he visited Mount Song. The bell on the eastside of the door of the Abbots room was cast in the Yuan Dynasty. It can onlybe struck in case of emergency to give an alarm.

Damo Pavilion is also called Lixue Pavilion. Inside the shrine, there arebronze seated statues of Dharma, on both sides of which are Huike, sengcan,Daoxin and Hongren. The word "snow print heart pearl" hanging in the hall is thetitle of Emperor Qianlong. There is another touching story about Damo Pavilion.According to Buddhist classics, after Dharma came to Shaolin Temple, a Chinesemonk named Shengguang followed him. He humbly asked Dharma for advice, but wasrefused by Dharma. Shengguang was not disheartened. Dharma went to the cave tomeditate on the wall. After that, Dharma went back to the temple to take care ofBuddhism, and the light followed him. The light took good care of Dharma. Everymove of Zen master, heart happy oral, so day after day, year after year. Onenight in the winter of 536 ad, Dharma was meditating in Dharma Pavilion, and thedivine light was still standing outside the pavilion. At this time, there washeavy snow in the sky, and the snow covered the divine lights knees. The divinelight still put his hands together and did not move. The next morning, whenDharma opened, he saw the divine light standing in the snow and asked him, "whatare you doing in the snow?" The divine light replied, "please teach me the truedharma." "Dharma said:" I want to pass the Dharma to you, unless Tianlong redsnow

Shenguang took out the sword and cut off his left arm. The blood suddenlyturned red and snow white. Dharma was moved. So he passed the Almighty weapon toShenguang as the evidence of spreading the Dharma, and named it "Huike". This isthe origin of the idiom story of "true story of the alms". The story of "seekingthe Dharma by breaking ones arm" has also been recited by Zen scholars. At thesame time, in memory of Huike, the second patriarch, who broke his arm to getBuddhist dharma, people also called "Dharma Pavilion" as "Lixue Pavilion".

On the east side of Dharma Pavilion is Manjusri hall, in which ManjusriBodhisattva is worshipped. Please follow me to visit the highest Hall of ShaolinTemple, which is also the most precious hall.

Thousand Buddha Hall thousand Buddha Hall is the last building of Shaolintemple built in the Ming Dynasty, also known as Pilu Pavilion. The hall is morethan 20 meters high and covers an area of more than 300 square meters. It is thelargest Buddha Hall in the temple. The shrine in the hall is dedicated to PiluBuddha (the Dharma body of Sakyamuni Buddha). The plaque of "Fa Yin Gao ti"hanging on the shrine is the imperial book of Emperor Qianlong of the QingDynasty. On the East, northwest and three walls of the hall are the inscriptionsof the Ming Dynasty The 500 large-scale color paintings of Pilu in the LuohanDynasty are made by unknown painters in the Ming Dynasty. They are exquisite inpainting, bold in design and of high artistic research value. We can see fromthe ground that there are four rows of 48 stake pits on the bottom of the brickpavement in the hall. They are the footpits where Shaolin monks practiced boxingand martial arts over the years. From these footpits, we can see that ShaolinKung Fu is extraordinary.

To the east of thousand Buddha Hall is Guanyin hall, also known as hammerspectrum hall. In the hall is dedicated to the great master in white, namelyGuanyin Bodhisattva. On the wall of the hall is the boxing Manual of ShaolinTemple drawn in the middle and late Qing Dynasty.

On the west side of the thousand Buddha Hall is the dizang hall, and in themiddle of the hall is the dizang king. On the south side of the dizang king isthe defense elder, and on the north side is the Daoming monk. On the north andsouth walls of the hall are the "ten halls of Yan Jun", and on the west wall arethe "twenty four filial piety pictures".

Dear friends, please go back the same way. Our next visit is the state keycultural relics protection unit - Shaolin Temple Pagoda.

The Pagoda Forest of Shaolin Temple is the tomb of the eminent monks ofShaolin Temple in the past dynasties, with a total area of more than 14000square meters. In 1996, the State Council announced it as a national keycultural relics protection unit. There are more than 240 brick and stone tombsin talin in Tang, song, Jin, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, of which 2 are inTang, 2 in song, 10 in Jin, 46 in Yuan and 148 in Ming, and the rest are in Qingand unknown in song. The pagoda of Shaolin Temple is the largest and mostnumerous group of existing ancient pagodas in China. The height of the pagoda isgenerally less than 15 meters, ranging from one level to seven levels. Theheight, size, level and shape of the pagoda are determined by the monks statusin Buddhism, Buddhist attainments, the number of Buddhists, prestige, economicstatus and historical conditions.

The famous pagodas in the Pagoda Forest of Shaolin temple include: theDharma Chan Master Pagoda in 791 A.D., the common Pagoda in 1121 A.D., theXitang Pagoda in 1157 A.D., the calm stone pagoda in 1580 A.D., the BiAn Pagodain 1666 A.D., and the juan elder Pagoda in 1339 A.D . Tallinn is a precioustreasure to study the history of Chinese ancient architecture, sculpture,calligraphy, art history and religious culture.

Next we continue to visit Chuzu temple.

Now Id like to briefly introduce Chuzu nunnery. Chuzu nunnery is locatedat the foot of wuru peak of Shaolin Temple, on the hillside behind ShaolinTemple. It was built by descendants of Dharma to commemorate Dharmas face wall.Covering an area of 7760 square meters, the main hall of chuzuan is a typicalwooden structure building in the Song Dynasty, and now it is a national keycultural relic protection unit. Now we take a cableway to visit erzu temple.

Erzu nunnery is located on Boyu peak of Shaolin Temple. It is the highestbuilding of Shaolin Temple. It was built by erzu Huike. Because it looks northand south from Chuzu nunnery, it is also called Nan nunnery. It is said thatHuike, the second patriarch, once lived here after breaking the snow wall.

Dharma cave is located on wuru peak in the northwest of Shaolin Temple. Itis about 7 meters deep, 3 meters high and 3.5 meters wide. From 527 to 536,Dharma cave faced the wall for nine years. Finally, it became a positive result.It became a great pioneering work in the history of Buddhism. Here is a tensquare cave built in the Ming Dynasty. On the rocks on both sides of the caveare many stone carvings left by celebrities of past dynasties.

Next, well visit the Shifang Temple opposite Shaolin Temple.

On the South Bank of Shaoxi river opposite to Shaolin Temple is ShifangBuddhist temple. It was built in 1512, and rebuilt in the 10th year of Shunzhireign of Qing Dynasty. It is the Post Pavilion of the temple. It is theaccommodation for the monks. It collapsed in 1958 and rebuilt in 1993. The newShifang temple is different from the past. It is a new group of Buddhist scenes- 500 arhat hall.

Ten directions are four corners and ten directions up and down.

Si Zheng: there are four single eaves Xieshan style temples in the East,West, South and North.

Four corners: spring, summer, autumn and winter have four distinctivescenery circles.

Shifang temple is one of the main tourist attractions of Shaolin Templewith exquisite design, simple and elegant.

Well, tourists, the visit to Shaolin Temple is coming to an end. Welcome tovisit Shaolin temple again to learn boxing and martial arts. Thank you.

三叠泉位于五老峰下部，飞瀑流经的峭壁有三级，溪水分三叠泉飞泻而下，落差共155米，极为壮观，撼人魂魄。 三叠泉每叠各具特色。一叠直垂，水从20多米的巅萁背上一倾而下;二叠弯曲，直入潭中。“上级如飘雪拖练，中级如碎玉摧冰，下级如玉龙走潭。” 站在第三叠抬头仰望，三叠泉抛珠溅玉，宛如白鹭千片，上下争飞;又如百副冰绡，抖腾长空，万斛明珠，九天飞洒。如果是暮春初夏多雨季节，飞瀑如发怒的玉龙，冲破青天，凌空飞下，雷声轰鸣，令人叹为观之。

匡庐瀑布，首推三叠，故有“不到三叠泉，不算“庐山客”之说。但三叠泉却长期隐藏荒山深壑，隐居在它上源屏风叠的李白，讲学在它下流白鹿洞的朱熹都没发现它，直到南宋时期才被人发现。

宋绍熙二年(1191)始被樵者发现，故有“一朝何事失扃钥，樵者得之人共传”的诗句。20世纪80年代初期开始进行旅游开发，20xx年11月经国家林业局批准为国家森林公园。

三叠泉风景区总面积16.5平方公里，山峰高峻，峡谷幽深。在“燕山造山运动”和“喜马拉雅造山运动”期间，由于地壳的多次沉降与抬升，形成了褶皱密布、断层纵横、岭谷相间的山体，又经过第四纪冰川的剧烈摩擦而形成“冰阶”崖面。森林覆盖率达89.9%，有圆头柳杉、灯台树、杜种等2331种植物和动物200多种。[1]

三叠泉风景区位于江西省著名风景区庐山风景区东南九叠谷，经环庐山旅游公路可达，距九江市26公里。总面积16.5平方公里，山峰高峻，峡谷幽深。位于庐山东南，距九江市区24公里。在“燕山造山运动”和“喜马拉雅造山运动”期间，由于地壳的多次沉降与抬升，形成了褶皱密布、断层纵横、岭谷相间的山体，又经过第四纪冰川的剧烈摩擦而形成“冰阶”崖面。森林覆盖率达89.9%，有圆头柳杉、灯台树、杜种等2331种植物和动物200多种。

三叠泉又名三级泉、水帘泉，古人称“匡庐瀑布，首推三叠”，誉为“庐山第一奇观”，由大月山、五老峰的涧水汇合，从大月山流出，经过五老峰背，由北崖悬口注入大盘石上，又飞泻到二级大盘石，再喷洒至三级盘石，形成三叠，故名;势如奔马，声若洪钟，总落差155米。瀑布分三叠，各异其趣，古人描绘曰：“上级如飘云拖练，中级如碎石摧冰，下级如玉龙走潭。”[2]

有趣的是，历史上，三叠泉曾长期未被发现，隐居在它上源屏风叠的李白和在它下游白鹿洞讲学的朱熹都不知咫尺之地有此胜境。直到南宋绍熙辛亥年(公元1191年)，三叠泉才被人发现，渐渐赢得庐山第一景观的美誉。自此往后，各代诗家名流皆竞相前来观赏，并留下诸多名篇佳作。

三叠泉三叠泉又名三级泉、水帘泉，古人称“匡庐瀑布，首推三叠”，誉为“庐山第一奇观”，由大月山、五老峰的涧水汇合，从大月山流出，经过五老峰背，由北崖悬口注入大盘石上，又飞泻到二级大盘石，再喷洒至三级盘石，形成三叠，故名;势如奔马，声若洪钟，总落差155米。瀑布分三叠，各异其趣，古人描绘曰：“上级如飘云拖练，中级如碎石摧冰，下级如玉龙走潭。”有趣的是，历史上，三叠泉曾长期未被发现，隐居在它上源屏风叠的李白和在它下游白鹿洞讲学的朱熹都不知咫尺之地有此胜境。直到南宋，三叠泉才被人发现，渐渐赢得庐山第一景观的美誉。自此往后，各代诗家名流皆竞相前来观赏，并留下诸多名篇佳作。立于泉下盘石向上仰观，但见抛珠溅玉的三叠泉宛如白鹭千片，上下争飞;又如百幅冰绡，抖腾长空;万斛明珠，九天飞洒。经阳光折射，五光十色，瑰丽夺目，恰似银河九天飞来。立于“观瀑亭”可又俯视三叠。听瀑鸣如击鼓，吼若轰雷;见瀑像喷晶抛珠，水洒溅玉，连垂素练，落入深谷。仰看与俯视各蔚壮观，自成美趣，故有“不到三叠泉，不算庐山客”之说。

赤水丹霞位于中国最大的红层盆地—四川盆地南缘，地处贵州高原与四川盆地的过渡地带。赤水丹霞地貌发育处于回春青年早期发育阶段，区内峡谷、绝壁、溪流、飞瀑遍布，丹霞地貌主要以高原峡谷型和山原峡谷型为主，峡谷深切，地面破碎，地势起伏大。海拔最高处约1730m，最低处240m，相对高差近1500m，存在1600～1700m、1400～1500m、1200～1300m、900～1000m及300～500m等多级地形面。白垩系嘉定群是赤水丹霞地貌发育最为核心的物质基础，以河湖相厚层块状红色砂岩夹粉砂岩为主，岩石坚硬，抗侵蚀性强，垂直节理发育，多发育峡谷崖壁等高大雄伟的丹霞地貌形态。侏罗系地层以紫红色、紫灰色砂岩、泥岩、页岩为主，岩性较软，抗侵蚀性弱，主要以剥蚀—侵蚀红岩低山、丘陵等地貌形态为主，边坡和缓。

地质构造

老第三纪以来，在赤水市境内相继形成一系列东西向及南北向小构造体系，主要有大白塘向斜、磨子岩背斜、土城鼻状背斜、旺隆场背斜及官渡背斜等。

今天，我们一家人去卢氏县双槐树乡的九龙洞游玩。一路上，我们又说又笑，沿途，我看见了外面山峰起伏，河流蜿蜒，树木青郁......，车子停到了一个环山抱水，景色优美的地方，原来，正是我们要去的九龙洞景区。

相传，豫西地区连年干旱，百姓饥寒交迫，流离失所，天上的王母娘娘动了恻隐之心，将一个藏有九条小龙的桃子躺双槐树乡一个未出嫁的姑娘吃下，姑娘有了身孕被家人赶了出来。邻居将她藏在一个山洞中，轮流给她送饭吃，十个月后，姑娘生下了九条小蛇，从此，卢氏一放风调雨顺，百姓安居乐业，大家都说是得到了就小小蛇的庇佑，姑娘藏身生蛇的地方因此得名九龙洞。

沿着石阶往上走，左边的峭壁上写着九龙洞三个红色大字，右边一个很大的山洞在眼前，我们沿洞而入，水声连绵，好象在脚下，又好象在头顶，十分奇妙。洞内的石头奇石异峰遍布，石壁上有细水渗出，脚睬在石头上十分光滑。到了洞的尽头，一股泉水从石缝中汩汩而出，汇集成了一个的小水潭，潭底石头清晰可见，潭水顺势下流，哗哗的水声在洞中回响，仿佛千军万马走过一般，气势壮观，一直到我们走在景区外，那种声音还在耳边回响。

湖在山中，山在湖里，群山环抱中的九龙湖可与张家界的宝丰湖媲美。连绵的群山红影点点，杜甫的“霜叶红于二月花”是九龙洞景区的又一大美景。

九龙洞是经过地下水的常年冲刷自然天成，走在回家的路上。我明白了水落石出，水滴石穿更深的涵义。