故宫导游词简短精彩优秀20篇

沈阳故宫位于繁华的沈阳古城中心，沈阳故宫是一座巍峨庄严的清代宫殿建筑群，依建筑时间和布局，沈阳故宫的建筑可分为三部分，它们分别是东路、中路、西路。今天，我们就按这个顺序。首先参观东路建筑。

沈阳故宫以其独特的建筑艺术和特殊的历史而闻名中外，在这片绚丽多彩，雄伟多姿的建筑群中，最古老，最具特色的就是我们面前的大政殿。

大政殿草创于1625年，是处理国家政务和举行庆典活动的主要场所之一。大政殿为八角重檐攒尖式建筑，外形近似满族早期在山林中狩猎时所搭的帐篷。在大政殿的房脊上，还饰有八个蒙古力士，牵引着八条铁链，象征着“八方归一”。正门前的大柱上，盘旋着两条翘首扬爪的金龙，是受汉族敬天畏龙思想的影响，以龙代表天子的至尊无上。大政殿建筑特点的多样性，体现了多民族文化的融合。金龙盘柱，尽显中原之风;八位力士又流露了浓郁的蒙古色彩;而亭帐式的风貌，则是满族古老文化的延续。

作为最早使用和最为重要的宫殿之一。许多重大历史事件都以大政殿为舞台上演。1643年，六岁的顺治皇帝在大政殿继承帝位，并于次年在此颁布了出兵令，命摄政王多尔哀兵入山海关直捣中原，最终完成了满清一代的一统大业。

“各位先生，各位女士，大家好，我是环球旅行社的一名导游，我姓覃，你们可以叫我覃导或小覃。今天由我来带领大家去故宫游玩。”

“故宫又称紫禁城，东西宽750米，南北长960米，面积达到72万平方米，差不多有一千五百多个篮球场那么大。故宫的城墙上有四个门，南边有午门，北边有神武门，东边有东华门，西边有西华门。”

“我们现在来到了太和殿，太和殿是故宫三大殿之首，建在五米高的汉白玉台基上，殿高36米，宽63米，面积2380平方米。大殿正中，两米高的台子上是金漆雕龙宝座，宝座背后是高雅的屏风。清明两代皇帝即位、诞辰以及春节、冬至等庆典均在此举行。”

“沿此继续前进，眼前的这座宫殿也是三大殿之一，它叫中和殿。该殿是一座单檐攒尖顶的方形殿。走廊列柱20根，黄琉璃瓦四攒尖顶，正中有鎏金宝顶。皇帝有事去太和殿前，先在此小憩，接受内阁、礼部及侍卫等朝拜。每逢各种大礼的前一天，皇帝也在此阅览奏章和祝辞。”

“这是保和殿，也是三大殿之一。清朝每年的除夕和元宵，皇帝在些宴请王公贵族和文武大臣，到乾隆年间，把三年一次的殿试由太和殿移到此处举行~~~~”

“好了，今天的故宫之行就愉快的结束了，祝大家玩得开心!”

"Gentlemen, ladies, everybody! I am your tour guide, you have to do is call me xiao wu. First of all, I wish you a pleasant journey! Good, now you see that red door behind me is the main entrance of the palace. The Palace Museum in Beijing city center is the imperial palace during the Ming and qing dynasties, but also the worlds largest existing nowadays, building the most magnificent, the most intact ancient royal palace, is now in the parking lot, first introduced to here please get off!"

You see! This is the palace gate is meridian gate. It was established in 1420, its name is used to cut the head? It is another role before the soldiers to officers now leadership here such as morale and ordered... , good! So we went to the palace.

My dear friends, in front of our eyes is the world-famous three main halls: taihe palace, zhonghe palace and Baohe Palace. Lets look at the hall of supreme harmony, it has 33 meters high, 64 meters long from east to west, and from south to north is 33 meters wide, covers an area of 2377 square meters. The hall of supreme harmony is the emperor on the early and held a grand ceremony, its scale is Forbidden City hall is the first, the volume of the shibi is back is also the biggest in China. To sum up, all show that it reflected the thought of "the first". After reading the hall of supreme harmony lets go to zhonghe palace. Zhonghe palace is the emperor before the ceremony waiting ji, take a break. The following friends are free to have a closer look at the state banquet hall, please Baohe Palace. Ten minutes later I lead you visit last few sites: tai temple.

You rest enough? Now we will go to the tai temple, the temple of emperor kangxi YuBi, only two reproductions of kangxi emperor in Beijing, another in the big corrupt official and? The home of respectful wang fu. Behold, a pavilion in the four corners of this building is tai temple, we went in to see a look, you see on the back wall flat forehead there is "doing nothing" 2 words? Kangxi YuBi, the meaning of "doing nothing" is not as, but hopes to managing state affairs by ethics, offspring with benevolent governance, to national security. The composition

"Well, my dear friends, this trip to Beijings Forbidden City is a happy ending. Years after I hope you can come to me, I have for you again, friend goodbye." I smile to say goodbye to the tourists.

Hello,everyone!Please allow me to express a warm welcome on behalf of Shenyang citizens.Im with great pleasure to be your tourist guide and from now on I will show you around Shenyang Imperial Palace,shere the founder of Qing Dynasty Nuerhachi and his son Huangtaiji lived.Shenyang Imperial Palace ,Fuling tomb and Zhaoling Tomb made in the early period of Qing Dynasty are the three famous historical sites in Shenyang .

Shenyang Imperial Palace with a history of over 360 years started in 1625 and was roughly accomplished in 1636 during the reign of Nuerhachi and HuangTaiji. After them four emperors of Qing Dynasty had come back from Beijing to this palace for 10 times and enlarged its area and added its buildings.They were Emperor Kangxi,Qianlong,Jiaqing and Daoguang.Therefore,until 1783 the palace was finally finished.

Shenyang Imperial Palace is one of the two royal palaces well kept in China.The other one is Forbidden City in Beijing.Shenyang Imperial Palace was entitled "Historic Culture Relics Preserved Buildings" in 1961 by the State Council.This palace is an emperor museum combining the architectual styles of the minorities of Man,Han and Mongolia.

This palace covers an area of 60,000 square meters,comprising over 20 courtyards,300 houses and 70 buildings.The whole construction is divided into three sections: the east, middle and west.

First lets pay a visit to the buildings in the buildings in the middle section.The layout of middle section is similar to a Chinese compound with three courtyards.The first courtyard is the office area.It starts from the Grand Qing Gate on the south and ends at Holy Administration Hall.From Phoenix Tower to Purity and Tranquility Hall is the residential area.They all lay out on the same line.

The main entrance to the palace is the Grand Qing Gate,also called Meridian Gate because the emperor considered himself as the son of Heaven and the palace should be the center of universe .The Grand Qing Gate was bulilt in 1632 and is was the place where the civilian offcials and military ministers to present themselves before the emperor daily .The special feature of the gate is the tile color.They are all yellow tiles but engraved with green borders.Yellow synbolizes the ground and the royal right while green represents sea and mountains.The combination of them means controlling the vast areas on the earth.

The building to the east of Grand Qing Gate is called Ancestor Temple(Taimiao)with yellow tile roof,where Nuerhachis descendants offeredsacrifices to their ancestors for blessings.So Ancestor Temple is the most important.

Please follow me into the gate.This path in the middle links the gate to Holy Administration Hall with Flying Dragon Pavilion (Feilongge) and Flying Phoenix Pavilion(Xiangfengge) on each side.The Hall of Holy Administration is the main building in the middle part of the palace and it was the center of the military,administrative affairs in eatly Qing Dynasty and had witnessed many national ceremories.Flying Dragon and Flying Phoenix Pavilions were for storing music instruments.

Holy Administration Hall was Emperor Huangtaijis office.In front of the hall are Rigui and Jiangliang,which were used as measure instruments and supposed to be the symbol of unity.

In accient construction,office area is usually in the front part and residential area is in the rear.Since we have visted the place where the Emperors worked and now well pay a visite tothe place where empress and concubines lived.Here is the Phoenis Tower.It served as an entrances to the rear chambers and also the entertainment area of Huangtaiji and his concubines,and some gatherings or banquets were held occasionally.The tower was built on a terrace 3.8 meters tall.It was the tallest building in Shenyang at that time .It is amazing watching sunrise in the morning on the tower and Phoenix Sunrise is one of the famous Eight fascinating Scenes in Shenyang.

Look upward ,we will see a board hanging up on Phoenix Tower ,on which Emperor Qianlong inscribed "Ziqidonglai",which meant the Qing Dynasty in Beijing immigrated fron Shengjing,the old name for Shenyang to the east .There are 24staircases leading to Phoenix Tower representing 24 seasonal divisions points in chinese lunar calendar.In Shenyang Imperial palace chambers are higher than halls, which is contrary to the architectural style in Forbidden city in Beijing.

Walking through the tower are the rear chambers.The one on the north in the middle was called Purity and Tranquility Hall,which was prepared for emperor and empress.The other four lying on both sides were fo concubines .Purity and Tranquility Hall has five rooms and the First from the east was where Huangraiji passed away here at the age of 52 without any disease.His throne passed to his ninth son,Fulin.In early Qing Dynasty,the construction style was summed up like this: bag-like house,zigzag bed and chimney sitting on the ground.The main buildings here were different from other buildings with a door was opende in the wall of the east room and the other rooms were connected together like a bag.The zigzag beds,made of mud and brick and with fire and smoke tunnels were called"kang"in Chinese.In order to get heat and keep room warm in winter,tunnels was made under the ground of Purity and Tranquility Hall to put fire and smoke through .Now notice the pole standing on the ground for smoke through.Now notice the pole standing right in the middle of the courtyard.This red pole is called Suolun pole,or Holy Pole.Its round tin container near the top was filled with food for feeding crows.It was said that Nuerhachi was savedby crows.Crows are considered sacred in Manchurian culture though in Chinese culture crows are regarded as birds bringing bad luck.

Emperor Huangtaiji had four concubines.Among the four concubines Chen was loved best by Huangtaiji and Concubine Zhuang was the wisest and the mother of the next emperor,Fulin.Therefore ,she had a special status among the concubines.

The only chimney was built on the rear of Purity and Tranquility hall from the ground with 11 layers ,representing the 11 emperors from Emperor Huangtaiji to the last emperor Puyi.This chimney was the highest one at that time.In Chinese ,the sound of chimeny"tong" is the same as that of unity.

To the north further is rear courtyard called Yuhua Garden.

After visiting the middle section of the palace ,we come to the eastern section.Its representative building is the Great Administration Hall,flanked by Ten Princes Pavilions.This part was built in 1625,and they were the earliest building in Shenyang Imperial Palace.Great Administration Hall is the place ceremonies and handled state affairs.

Great Administration Hall was built with eight sides representing the style of military tent and also Eight Banner military system.Now please look at the ten pavilions,five on each side,which were the offices of the commanders at that time.Here I will give you an introduction to the military system of early Manchurian Period .Nuerhachi divided his troops in four parts and each part was identified by the color of its banner .There sere then four kinds of banner:red,blue,white and yellow banner.As the troops expanded quickly ,another four parts were added and therefore another four kinds of banner were needed .By then there were altogether eight kinds of banner.This army was therefore well known for Eight Banner Army .

The last part of Shenyang Imperial Palace is the western section,built from 1782 to 1783 and during Emperor Qianlongs reign.Its main construction is Book Source Pavilion (Wensuge) with Theater Platform and Good Descendant-benefiting Hall(Jiayintang) in front,Prosperity Administration Stydy (Yangxizhai) and Nine Halls behind.Book Souurce Pavilion(wensuge) was specially designed for storing the encyclopedia compiled at that time,Si Ku Quan Shu.This encyclopedia collected most of the books in Chinese history .Its complication started in 1773.This set of history books is composed of seven sections,more than 36,000 volumes.It took educated persons over 10 years to finish is.When finished,the sholeeyclopedia was duplicated in seven pavilions across China.The other six copies were either damaged during wars or lost.This set is the only one well kept.But the real copy is no longer here and now is restored in the Palace Museum in Beijing and Gansu province library.We can see that Book Source Pavilion covered with black tiles.In Chinese philosophy,black refers water.The pavilion was built for storing books and its biggest threat was fire.So black tiles hinting water covering it on the top as a way of protection .Good Proserty Admiration Study was for Emperor reading while Descendant-benefiting Hall and the Theater Platform consisting of a couryard for Emperor ,his empress and concubines watching plays.

Shenyang Imperial Palace is one of the cultural relics in China and it is the symbol of this city .It is a good combination of diferent nationalities as well as a tourist attraction.And now we have to end our visiting ,I hope you all enjoy it and thank you for your cooperation,goodbye.

各位游客,大家好.我是东厦旅行社的导游,名字叫余旭芸,大家叫我余导游就行了.今天,我们要去列入世界遗产的一座宫殿------北京故宫.

北京故宫始建于1420xx年,建成于1420xx年,是明清两朝的皇宫,又名紫禁城.故宫占地面积72万平方米,建筑面积15万平方米,屋子有9999间半.故宫四周饶10米高的城墙,外有50多米宽的护河城.现在,我们已经来到了北京故宫门前.各位游客们,你们看,这座故宫的四个城角上都有一座九梁十八柱七十二条脊的角楼.现在我们已经进入了外朝皇帝处理政事的地方.它们主要有三大殿:太和殿.中和殿.保和殿.现在,我们已经来到了太和殿,它是三大殿中最为高大的,它金碧辉煌,非常好看.看,这个台基四周矗立成排的雕栏,称为望柱,柱子上雕刻着云龙云凤的图画.非常显目且好看.我们出出进进都有四个门:南有午门,北有神武门,东有东华门,西有西华门.其中午门为正门.

好了,北京故宫我们已经游览完了,现在是自由活动时间,大家可以解散,但要注意以下几点:

1.不准破坏文物.在墙上乱图乱画.

2.不准破坏环境及随地吐痰.

3.要注意安全,迷路了要即使打电话和我们联系

下午四点要在午门集合,现在解散

各位游客：

大家好。我是这次旅游的导游李。我很荣幸能够带领大家去故宫旅游。

现在展现在我们面前的就是气势雄伟的古代宫殿—故宫了。大家看这四面就是宫墙，而且宫墙四面都建有高大的城门，南为午门也就是故宫正门，北为神武门，东为东华门，西为西华门，这宫墙四“门”的角楼都是风格独特、造型绮丽的。

现在请跟我一起去故宫中最大的宫殿太和殿看看！这里是明、清皇帝召见百官、发号施令、举行庆典的地方。全殿面阔11间，进深5间，外有廊柱，殿内外共立72根大柱。殿高35米，殿内净空高达14米，宽63米，面积2377平方米，为全国最大的木构大殿。

我再给大家介绍介绍其他的宫殿吧！

现在我们来到了中和殿。中和殿是为帝王去太和殿途中的演习礼仪之地。保和殿，是皇帝宴请外藩王公贵族和京中文武大臣之处。我们再来看看文华殿。它是明代皇太子读书处。乾清门是故宫中外朝和内廷的分界处，由此向北便是内廷。乾清宫是明、清皇帝居住和处理政务的地方。慈宁宫就是皇上住的地方。你们看过《还珠格格》这部电视剧吗？它就是在故宫里拍的。

规划严整，气魄宏伟，极为壮观，这就是我国的故宫。无论在平面布局，立体效果以及形式上的雄伟、堂皇、庄严、和谐，都属无与伦比的杰作。它标志着我国悠久的文化传统，显示着500余年前我国在建筑艺术上的卓越成就。

现在大家可以自由参观，可是我要提醒大家一定要注意保持故宫环境。

故宫英文导游词

forbidden city(紫禁城)

(in front of the meridian gate)

ladies and gentlemen:

i am pleased to serve as your guide today.

this is the palace museum; also know as the purple forbidden city. it is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence in china today. under ming emperor yongle, construction began in 1406. it took 14years to build the forbidden city. the first ruler who actually lived here was ming emperor zhudi. for five centuries thereafter, it continued to be the residence of23 successive emperors until 1911 when qing emperor puyi was forced to abdicate the throne .in 1987, the united nations educational, scientific and cultural organization recognized the forbidden city was a world cultural legacy.

it is believed that the palace museum, or zi jin cheng (purple forbidden city), got its name from astronomy folklore, the ancient astronomers divided the constellations into groups and centered them around the ziwei yuan(north star). the constellation containing the north star was called the constellation of heavenly god and star itself was called the purple palace. because the emperor was supposedly the son of the heavenly gods, his central and dominant position would be further highlighted the use of the word purple in the name of his residence. in folklore, the term ”an eastern purple cloud is drifting” became a metaphor for auspicious events after a purple cloud was seen drifting eastward immediately before the arrival of an ancient philosopher, laozi, to the hanghu pass. here, purple is associated with auspicious developments. the word jin (forbidden) is self-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-limits to ordinary people.

the red and yellow used on the palace walls and roofs are also symbolic. red represents happiness, good fortune and wealth. yellow is the color of the earth on the loess plateau, the original home of the chinese people. yellow became an imperial color during the tang dynasty, when only members of the royal family were allowed to wear it and use it in their architecture.

the forbidden city is rectangular in shape. it is 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meter wide from east west. it has 9,900 rooms under a total roof area 150,000 square meters .a 52-meter-wide-moat encircles a 9.9-meter—high wall which encloses the complex. octagon —shaped turrets rest on the four corners of the wall. there are four entrances into the city: the meridian gate to the south, the shenwu gate(gate of military prowess) to the north, and the xihua gate(gate of military prowess) to the north, and the xihua gate(western flowery gate )to the west ,the donghua (eastern flowery gate) to the east.

manpower and materials throughout the country were used to build the forbidden city. a total of 230,000 artisans and one million laborers were employed. marble was quarried from fangshan country mount pan in jixian county in hebei province. granite was quarried in quyang county in hebei province. paving blocks were fired in kilns in suzhou in southern china. bricks and scarlet pigmentation used on the palatial walls came from linqing in shandong province .timber was cut ,processed and hauled from the northwestern and southern regions.

the structure in front of us is the meridian gate. it is the main entrance to the forbidden city. it is also knows as wufenglou(five-phoenix tower). ming emperors held lavish banquets here on the 15th day of the first month of the chinese lunar year in hornor of their counties .they also used this place for punishing officals by flogging them with sticks.

qing emperors used this building to announce the beginning of the new year. qing emperor qianglong changed the original name of this announcement ceremony from ban li(announcement of calendar)to ban shou(announcement of new moon )to avoid coincidental association with another emperor` s name, hongli, which was considered a taboo at that time. qing dynasty emperors also used this place to hold audience and for other important ceremonies. for example,when the imperial army returned victoriously from the battlefield ,it was here that the emperor presided over the ceremony to accept prisoners of war.

(after entering the meridian gate and standing in front of the five marble bridges on golden water river)

now we are inside the forbidden city.before we start our tour, i would like to briefly introduce you to the architectural patterns befour us .to complete this solemn, magnificent and palatial complex, a variety of buildings were arranged on a north-south axis, and 8-kilometer-long invisible line that has become an inseparable part of the city of beijing. the forbidden city covers roughly one –third of this central axis. most of the important building in the forbidden city weree arranged along this line. the design and arrangement of the palaces reflect the solemn dignity of the royal court and rigidly –stratified feudal system.

the forbidden city is divided into an outer and an inner count.we are now standing on the southernmost part of the outer count. in front of us lies the gate of supreme harmony .the gate is guarded by a pair of bronze lions ,symbolizing imperial power and dignity. the lions were the most exquisite and biggest of its kind. the one on the east playing with a ball is a male, and ball is said to represent state unity. the other one is a female. underneath one of its fore claws is a cub that is considered to be a symbol of perpetual imperial succession. the winding brook before us is the golden water river. it functions both as decoration and fire control .the five bridges spanning the river represent the five virtues preached by confucius :benevolence, righteousness, rites, intellence and fidelity. the river takes the shape of a bow and the north-south axis is its arrow. this was meant to show that the emperors ruled the country on behalf of god.

(in front of the gate of supreme harmony)

the forbidden city consists of an outer countyard and an inner enclosure. the out count yard covers a vast space lying between the meridian gate and the gate of heavenly purity. the “three big halls” of supreme harmony, complete harmony and preserving harmony constitute the center of this building group. flanking them in bilateral symmetry are two groups of palaces: wenhua (prominent scholars) and wuying (brave warriors) . the three great halls are built on a spacious “h”-shaped, 8-meter-high, triple marble terrace, each level of the triple terrace is taller than the on below and all are encircled by marble balustrades carved with dragon and phoenix designs. there are three carved stone staircases linking the three architectures .the hall of supreme harmony is also the tallest and most exquisite ancient wooden-structured mansion in all of china. from the palace of heavenly purith northward is what is known as the inner court, which is also built in bilaterally symmetrical patterns. in the center are the palace of heavenly purity, the hall of union and peace and palace of earthly tranquility, a place where the emperors lived with their families and attended to state affairs. flanking these structures are palaces and halls in which concubines and princes lived. there are also three botanical gardens within the inner count, namely, the imperial garden, caning garden and quailing garden. an inner golden water river flows eastwardly within the inner court. the brook winds through three minor halls or palaces and leads out of the forbidden city. it is spanned by the white jade bridge. the river is lined with winding, marble –carved balustrades. most of the structures within the forbidden city have yellow glazed tile roofs.

aside from giving prominence to the north-south axis, other architectural methods were applied to make every group of palatial structures unique in terms of terraces, roofs, mythical monsters perching on the roofs and colored, drawing patterns. with these, the grand contour and different hierarchic spectrum of the complex were strengthened. folklore has it that there are altogether 9,999 room-units in the forbidden city. since paradise only has 10,000 rooms, the son of heaven on earth cut the number by half a room. it is also rumoured that this half –room is located to the west of the wenyuange pavilion (imperial library). as a matter of fact, although the forbidden city has more than 9,000 room-units, this half-room is nonexistent .the wenyuange pavilion is a library where “si ku quan shu”- china `s first comprehensive anthology-was stored.

(after walking past the gate of supreme harmony)

ladies and gentlemen, the great hall we are approaching is the hall of supreme harmony, the biggest and tallest of its king in the forbidden city. this structure covers a total building space of 2,377 square meters, and is know for its upturned, multiple counterpart eaves . the hall of supreme harmony sits on a triple “h”-shaped marble terrace the is 8meters high and linked by staircases. the staircase on the ground floor has 21 steps while the middle and upper stairways each have 9.

the construction of the hall of supreme harmony began in 1406. it burned down three times and was severely damaged once during a mutiny. the existing architecture was built during the qing dynasty. on the corners of the eaves a line of animal-nails were usually fastened to the tiles. these animal-nails were later replace with mythical animals to ward off evil spirits. there are altogether 9 such fasteners on top of this hall. the number nine was regarded by the ancients to be the largest numeral accessible to man and to which only the emperors were entitled.

there was a total of 24 successive emperors during the ming and qing dynasties who were enthroned here. the ball was also used for ceremonies which marked other great occasions: the winter solstice, the chinese lunar new year, the emperor` s birthday, conferral of the title of empress, the announcement of new laws and policies, and dispatches of generals to war .on such occasions, the emperor would hold audience for his court officials and receive their tributes.

this area is called the hall of supreme harmony square, which covers a total of 30,000 square meters, without a single tree or plant growing here, this place inspires visitors to feel its solemnity and grandeur. in the middle of the square there is a carriageway that was reserved for the emperor. on both sides of the road the groud bricks were laid in a special way seven layers lengthwise and eight layers crosswise, making up fifteen layers in all. the purpose of this was to prevent anyone from tunneling his way into the palace. in the count yard there are iron vats for storing water to fight fires. in the whole complex there are altogher 308 water vats. in wintertime, charcoal was burned underneath the vats to keep the water from freezing .why so vast a square? it was designed to impress people with the hall` s grandeur and vastness. imagine the following scene. under the clear blue sky, the yellow glazed tiles shimmered as the cloud-like layers of terrace, coupled with the curling veil of burning incense, transformed the hall of supreme harmony into a fairyland. whenever major ceremonies were held, the glazed, crane-shaped candleholders inside the hall would be it, and incense and pine branches burnt in front of the hall. when the emperor appeared, drums were beaten and musical instrument played. civilian officials and generals would kneel know in submission.

the last qing emperor puyi assumed the throne in 1908, at the age of three, his father carried him to the throne. at the start of the coronation, the sudden drum-beating and loud music caught the young emperor unprepared .he was so scared that he kept crying and shouting,”i don’t want to stay here. i want to go home.” his father tried to soothe him, saying, ”it` all soon be finished .it` all soon be finished ”the ministers present at the event considered this incident inauspicious. coincidentally, the qing dynasty collapsed three years later and there with concluded china `s feudal system that had lasted for more than 2,000 years.

(on the stone terrace of the hall of supreme harmony)

this is a bronze incense burner. in it incense made of sandalwood would be burnt on important occasions. there are altogether 18 incense burners, representing all of the provinces under the rule of the sing monarchs. on either side of the hall, 4 bronze water-filled vats were placed in case of fire. next to the terrace on either side, there is a bronze crane and tortoise, symbols of longevity. this copper-cast grain measure is called ”jialiang.” it served as the national standard during the qing dynasty. it was meant to show that the imperial ruler were just and open to rectification. on the other side there is a stone sundial, an ancient timepiece. the jialiang and the sundial were probably meant to show what the emperor represented: that he was the only person who should possess the standards of both measure and time.

in the very forefront of the hall of supreme harmony , there are 12 scarlet , round pillars supporting the roof. the hall is 63 meters from east to west and 37 meters from north to south, it is 35 meters in height. in front of this architechture, there stands a triple terrace with five staircases leading up to the main entrance .it has 40 gold doors and 16 gold-key windows with colored drawings on the pillars and beams. in the middle of the hall, a throune carved with 9 dragons sits on a 2-meter-high platform. behind the throne there is a golden screen and in front of it, there is a imperial desk . the flanks are decorated with elephants, luduan(a legendary beast), cranes, and incense barrels. the elephant carries a vase on its back that holds five cereals(i. e. rice, two kinds of millet, wheat and beans),which was considered a symbol of prosperity. as ancient legend has it that luduan can travel 18,000 li (9,000 kilometers )in one day and knows all languages and dialects. only to a wise adjust monarch will this beast be a guardian.

the hall of supreme harmony is also popularly known as jinluan dian (gold bell hall or the throne hall). the floor of the hall is laid with bricks that turn it into a smooth, fine surface as if water has been sprinkled on it .the so-called golden brick, in fact, has nothing to do with gold. reserved exclusively for the construction of the royal court, it was made in a secretive, and complex way, and, when struck, sounds like the clink of a gold bar. each brick was worth the market price of one dan (or one hectoliter ) of rice.

the hall is supported by a total of 72 thick pillars .of these, 6 are carved in dragon patterns and painted with gold and surround the throne. above the very center of this hall there is a zaojing, or covered ceiling, which is one of the specialities of china `s ancient architure. in the middle of the ceiling is a design of a dragon playing with a ball inlaid with peals. this copper ball, hollow inside and covered with mercury, is known as the xuanyuan mirror and is thought to be made xuanyuan, a legendary monarch dating back to remote antiquity. the placing of the caisson above the throne is meant to suggest that all of china` s successive emperors are zuanyuan` s descendants and hereditary heirs. now you might have noticed that the xuanyuan mirror is not directly above the throne. why? it is rumored that yuan shikai, a self-acclaimed warlord-turned emperor moved the throne further back because he was afraid that the mirror might fall on him .in 1916 when yuan shikai became emperor, he removed the original throne with a western-style, high-back chair. after the foundation of the people` s republic of china in 1949 the throne was found in a shabby furniture warehouse. it repaired and returned to the hall.

(leading the tourist to the bronze vats either on the east or the west)

the water vats in front of the palaces or house were called “menhai,” or sea before the door by the ancient chinese. they believed that with a sea by the door, fire could not wreak havoc. the vats served both as a decoration and as a fire extinguisher. they were kept full of water all year round.

during the qing dynasty, they were altogether 308 vats in the palace enclosure. they were made of gilt bronze or iron. of couse, the gilt bronze vats were of the best quality. when the allied forces (britain, germany, france, russia, the united states, italy, japan and austria) invaded beijing in 1900 under the pretext of suppressing the boxer rebellion, the invaders ransacked the imperial compound and scraped and gold off the vats with their bayonets. during the japanese occupation of beijing, many vats were trucked away by the japanese to be made into bullets .

(in front of the hall of complete harmony)

the square architecture before us is called the hall of complete harmony. it served as an antechamber. the emperor came here to meet with his countiers and add his final touches to the prayers which would be read at the ancestral temple. the seeds, snowers and prayer intended for spring sowing were also examined here. the two qing sedan chairs here on display were used for traveling within the palace during the reign of emperor qianlong.

(in front of the hall f preserving harmony)

this is the hall of preserving harmony. during the qing dynasty, banquets were held here on new year` s eve in honour of mongolian and northwestern china` s xingjiang princes and ranking officials. the emperor also dinned here with his new son-in-law on the wedding day. imperial examinations were also held here once every three years. during the ming and qing dynasties, there were three levels of exams: the county and prefectural level, the provincial level and national level. the national exam was presided over by the emperor. the civil service exam in ancient china started during the han dynasty. it served the purpose of recruiting confucian scholars to the ministers and high officials. during the tang and qing dynasties reinstituted and ancient system. once every three years, three hundred scholars from all over the country came to beijing and took exams for three day and night. this system was abolished in 1905.

(behind the hall of preserving harmony)

this is the largest stone carving in the palace . it is 16.73 meters long, 3.07 meters wide and 1.7 meters thick .it weighs about 200 tons. the block was quarried in fangshan county, roughly 70 kilometers away. to transport such a huge block to beijing, laborers dug wells along the roadside half a kilometer apart, and used the groundwater to make a road of ice in the winter. rolling blocks were used in the summer. in 1760, emperor qianlong of the qing dynasty ordered the carving of the existing cloud and dragon design in place of the old one which dated back to the ming dynasty.

note : from here, the tour can be conducted via three different routes: a western route(route a), a central route (route b) or an eastern route (route c) .the commentary for each follows.

route a

ladies and gentlemen:

you have seen the three main halls of the forbidden city. now i ` d like to show you around the hall of mental cultivation and the imperial garden . the hall of mental cultivation is situated is in the western part of the innermost enclosure and is symmetrical to fengxian (enshrinement of forebears) hall in the east. this hall was built during the ming dynasty. it is a h-shaped structure consisting of an antechamber and a main building .the hall is surrounded by corridors. in front of the hall is the office of privy council.

before emperor kangxi of qing the dynasty came to power the hall of heavenly purity served as the living quarter of the emperors. emperor yongzheng chose to live in this hall and attended to every day state affairs from here .for the sake of protecting cultural relics, this hall is not open to the public .you can have a look at the inside from the door. the central hall was the audience chamber where the emperor read memorials, granted audience to officials and summoned his minsters for consultation. the western chamber of the hall was where the emperor read reports and discussed military and political affairs. the hall consists of many inner rooms and is decorated with images of buddha and miniature pagodas. on the screen wall there hangs a picture of two emperors in the han costume. in a southern room there three rare calligraphic scrolls, hence the name of the room “sanxitang” (room of three rare treasures) . the room on the eastern side is of historical interst because it was here that empress dowager cixi usurped power and made decisions on behalf of the young emperor . a bamboo curtain was used to separate them .

empress dowage cixi was born in 1835 in lu` an prefecture of shanxi province. she` s of manchurian nationality and her father was a provincial governor from south china. when she was 17 years old ,she was selected to become a concubine of emperor xianfeng and moved into the forbidden city. she gave birth to a son when she was 21years old and was made a concubine the following year. when the emperor passed away in the summer of 1861, her son ascended the throne and title of cixi, meaning “holy mother” was conferred upon her and she became the empress dowager. in that same year empress dowager cixi carried out a count coup d` etat and ruled behind the scenes with another empress dowager, ci` an, for 48 years. she passed away in 1908 at the age of 73. it was in reference to this situation that the term “attending to state affairs behind a bamboo curtain” developed .in 1912 , empress dowager longyu declared the abdication of the last qing emperor puyi. they were allowed to remain in the forbidden city for the next 13 years .the royal family was forced to move out permanently in 1924.

behind the central hall were the living accommodation of 8 successive qing emperors .three of them actually passed away here. the side rooms flanking the hall were reserved for empresses and concubines. now let` s continue with our tour. it will take us to the hall of heavenly purity , the hall of union and peace ,the palace of earthly tranquility, and the imperial garden.

route b

(inside the hall of heavenly purity)

ladies and gentlemen:

we are now entering the inner court. from the gate of heavenly purity northward lies the inner court where the emperors and empresses once lived .the hall of heavenly purity is the central hall of the inner court ,and was completed during the reign of emperor yongle of the ming dynasty. there are 10 pillars supporting the entire structure and the hall is 20 meters in height .in the center of the hall there a throne. above it hangs a plaque with an inscription that reads “be open and above-board,” written by shenzhi,the first emperor of the qing dynasty. beginning with qianlong` s reign, the name of the successor to the throne was not publicly announced .instead, it was written on two pieces of paper, one to be kept on the emperor` s person throughout his reign, and the other placed in a small strongbox that was stored behind his plaque. the box was opened only after the emperor passed away. altogether there where 4 emperors who ascended the throne in this way, namely qianlong, jiaqing, daohuang and xian feng.

the hall of heavenly purity was where the emperors lived during the ming and qing dynasties. according to tradition ,extravagant annual banquets were held here on new year` s eve in honour of royal family members. foreign ambassadors were received here during the late-qing period. two important “one thousand old men` s feasts” of the qing dynasty were also held here. all the invitees had to be at least 65 years of age.

this hall was also used for mourning services.

(inside the palace of union and peace)

this hall sits between the hall of heavenly purity and the palace of earthly tranquility, symbolizing the union of heaven and earth ,as well as national peace .it was first built in 1420 and reconstructed in 1798. the hall is square in shape ,and is smaller than the hall of complete harmony .you will see a plaque here inscribed with two chinese characters, wu wei, which were handwritten by emperor qianglong. a throne sits in the middle of the hall with a screen behind it .above the throne there hangs a caisson ,or covered ceiling. the emperor held birthday celebrations and other major events here.

in 1748 during emperor qianlong` s reign, 25 jade seals representing imperial authority were kept in this hall .no seals were allowed out of the room without the prior consent of the emperor. on each flack there is a water clock and a chiming clock.

(inside the palace of earthly tranquility)

this used to be the central hall where successive ming empresses lived. during the qing dynasty, it was converted into a place where sacrifices and wedding ceremonies were held .the room on the western side was used for sacrifices and the room on the east was the seeding chamber.

route c

ladies and gentlemen:

you have seen the three main halls of the forbidden city. now i` d like to show you around scenes of interest along the eastern route. the first is the treasure hall. this mansion is called the hall of imperial zenith. this is where sing emperor quailing lived after abdication. nearly 1,000 artifacts and treasures are on display here, among which the golden hair tower is one of the most famous. this tower is 1.53meters in height and its base is 0.53 meters in circumference .it was built under the order of emperor quailing to be used to collect fallen hair in commemoration of his mother. there is also a “day harnessing water jade hill ” on display here. yu was a legendary monarch of the remote ixia dynasty. under his leadership, the people learned how to harness the yellow river. this jade assemblage, 224 centimeters in height and 5 tons in weight, is the largest jade artwork in china. this mat was woven with peeled ivory. these artifacts are among china` s rarest treasures.

(in front of the nine-dragon screen)

this is the nine-dragon relief screen .erected in 1773,it is 3.5 meters in height and 29.4 meters in width. underneath is a foundation made of marble .the surface of the screen is laid with a total of 270 colored, glazed tiles in the design of 9 dragons ,some rocky mountains ,clouds and the sea. it was meant to ward off evil spirits the ancient chinese regarded 9 dragons, some rocky mountains, clouds and the sea. it was meant to ward off evil spirits .the ancient chinese regarded 9 as the largest numeral and the dragon as a auspicious beast .the 9 dragons are different in color and posture and all are made of glazed tiles. interestingly a piece of the third dragon from the left is made of wood. it is believe that when the nine-dragon screen was almost finished ,a piece of glazed tile was damaged .emperor qianlong was scheduled to inspect the work the following day .using quick wits, the craftsman in question molded the missing piece with clay and sailed through the imperial inspection. later ,he asked a carpenter to carve a wooden one to replace the one made of clay.

(approaching the imperial garden)

behind the palace of earthly tranquility and trading the north-south axis is the imperial garden. there are old trees, rare flowers and exotic rock formation in this garden .it cover a space of 11,700 square meters, or roughly 1.7 percent of the forbidden city. most of the structures in the garden are symmetrically arranged . however, each is different in terms of parrern and decoration. woods clumps of bamboo screen off the garden and strengthens its deep and serene atmosphere.

there main structure of the imperial garden is the qin` an hall. positioned in the central-northern part of the garden ,this hall is flanked by other halls and pavilions on the east and west. the hall sits on a marble pedestal. the taoist deity of zhenwu is enshrined here and emperor would pay homage here a quarterly basis. taoist rites were held during the reign of emperor jiajing of the ming dynasty. in front of the hall there is a cypress that is 400 years old .in all there are a dozen such rare trees in the garden, and most of them are cypresses or pines. to the northwest of the hall , there is the yanhui(sustaining sunshine) pavilion and to the northeast there lies the duixiu (accumulated refinement )hill. this hill was built over the foundation of the long- pershed guanhua (admiring flowers) hall of the ming dynasty. it is 14 meters in height and made of al kinds of rocks quarried in jiang su province. at its base stand two nstone lions, each carrying a dragon shooting water 10 meters up into the air from its mouth. there are meandering paths leading to the hilltop. at the top of duixiu hill sits the yujing (imperial viewing)pavilion. traditionally, on the day of the double ninth festival (the ninth day of the ninth lunar month ), the emperor ,his consort, and his concubines would climb up to yujing pavilion to enjoy the scenery.

at the southeastern corner of the garden is jiangxue(crimson snowy) verandah. nearby to the southwest lies yangxing study (study of the cultivation of nature) .the yangxing study was used as a royal library during the reign of emperor qianlong of the qing dynasty. the last emperor of the qing dynasty, puyi once studied english there. in front of the jiangxue verandah some chinese flowering crabapples grow. the structure got its name from the crabapples who blossoms trun from crimson to snowy white. in front of the verandah, there grows a rare flower that was brought from henna province under the order of empress dowager cixi. in the northest is chizao tang (hall of using flowery language), once used as a library where rare books were stored.

there are also specific pavilions symbolizing the four seasons .the halls of wanchun and qianqiu ,representing spring and autumn respectively ,are square in shape and are coupled with multiple eaves and bell-shape and are coupled with multiple eaves and bell-shaped ridges. the halls of chengrui and fubi,dedecated to winter and summer, are characterized by two verandahs and bridges at their bases .paths were paved with colorful pebbles and arranged in 900 different designs.

the imperial garden can be accessed through the qiong yuan (jade garden )west gate or the qiong yuan east gate. a third gate, the shunzhen(obedience and fidelity)gate, opens to the north. its doors are laid in glazed tiles and it was only used by the empress or concubines.

as our tour of the forbidden city draws to a close, i hope that i have helped you understand why the palace is a treasure of china and one of the cultural relics of the world. it is under the strict protection of the chinese government. since 1949 when the people` s rupublic of china was founded, nearly one trillion rmb was spent on its restoration and refurbishment. the forbidden city has undergone four major facelifts to date. each year, the government earmarks a large sum to gather, sort and study cultural relics. the palace now contains a total of 930,000cultural relics. well, so much for today .let` s go to reboard the coach. thank you !

女士们、先生们：

今天，我带领大家去故宫参观游览。

大家可以看到现在，那座耸立在台阶以上的三层建筑物就是故宫。故宫，又称紫禁城，是明清两代的皇宫，故宫是世界是现存规模最大最完整的古代木结构建筑群，为我国现存最大最完整的古代木结构建筑群。它始建于明永乐四年(公元1460年)，厉时十四年才完工，共有24位皇帝先后在此登基。 历史很悠久，请细细观赏。无与伦比的古代建筑杰作 紫禁城占地72万多平方米，共有宫殿9000多间，都是木结构、黄琉璃瓦顶、青白石底座，饰以金碧辉煌的彩画。这些宫殿是沿着一条南北向中轴线排列，并向两旁展开，南北取直，左右对称。这条中轴线不仅贯穿在紫禁城内，而且南达永定门，北到鼓楼、钟楼，贯穿了整个城市，气魄宏伟，规划严整，极为壮观。建筑学家们认为故宫的设计与建筑，实在是一个无与伦比的杰作，它的平面布局，立体效果，以及形式上的雄伟、堂皇、庄严、和谐，都可以说是上罕见的。它标志着我们祖国悠久的文化传统，显示着五百多年前匠师们在建筑上的卓越成就，怎么样，很佩服吧!

我们接着看。故宫里最吸引人的建筑是三座大殿：太和殿、中和殿和保和殿。它们 都建在汉白玉砌成的8米高的台基上，远望犹如神话中的琼宫仙阙。第一 座大殿太和殿是最富丽堂皇的建筑，俗称“金銮殿”，是皇帝举行大典的 地方，殿高28米，东西63米，南北35米，有直径达1米的大柱92根，其中6 根围绕御座的是沥粉金漆的蟠龙柱。御座设在殿内高2米的台上，前有造型 美观的仙鹤、炉、鼎，后面有精雕细刻的围屏。整个大殿装饰得金碧辉煌， 庄严绚丽。中和殿是皇帝去太和殿举行大典前稍事休息和演习礼仪的地方。 保和殿是每年除夕皇帝赐宴外藩王公的场所。

跟大家说，游览故宫，一是欣赏丰富多彩的建筑艺术;二是观赏陈列于室内的珍 贵的文物。故宫博物院藏有大量珍贵文物，据统计总共达1052653件之多， 统称有文物100万件，占全国文物总数的1/6，其中有很多是绝无仅有的国 宝。在几个宫殿中设立了历代艺术馆、珍宝馆、钟表馆等，爱好艺术的人 在这些无与伦比的艺术品前，往往久久不忍离去。设在故宫东路的珍宝馆， 展出各种奇珍异宝。如一套清代金银珠云龙纹甲胄，通身缠绕着16条龙，形 状生动，穿插于云朵之间。甲胄是用约60万个小钢片连结起来的，每个钢 片厚约1毫米，长4毫米，宽1。5毫米，钻上小孔，以便穿线连结。据说，为 制造这套甲胄，共用了4万多个工时。厉害!

由于时间关系，我们就先讲到这里，下面给大家2小时自由参观的时间，请大家不要在墙上乱涂乱画，保护文化遗产，希望大家玩的愉快。

今天我们游览的是沈阳故宫。大家都知道沈阳是“一朝的发祥地，两代帝王都”满韵清风，历史气息浓郁。沈阳著名的建筑有“一宫两陵”而这一宫就是我们面前的这座雄伟建筑——沈阳故宫。

沈阳故宫初建时叫“盛京宫阙”，清迁都北京后又称“陪都宫殿”、“留都宫殿”，并被誉为“国初圣迹”。它始建于1620xx年(后金天命十年)建成于1636年(清崇德元年)，是清太祖努尔哈赤和清太宗皇太极营造和使用的宫殿，1643年清世祖福临当年也是在这里即位称帝，改元“顺治”。所以沈阳也可以说是“一朝发祥地，三代帝王都”。

沈阳故宫占地面积6万多平方米，全部建筑100余所，500多间，按其布局可分为东路、中路和西路三部分。东路就是我们面前所看到的这部分建筑，它是努尔哈赤时期所建，具有浓郁的满族特色。东路的建筑主要包括大政殿和十王亭，大家看到广场中间的那个八角殿就是大政殿，大政殿又叫“大衙门”、“笃恭殿”，是努尔哈赤听政办公的地方。大政殿外高18米，下有1.5米高须弥座式台基，周围绕以雕刻精美的青石围栏。是一座八角重檐攒尖顶亭子式建筑，殿顶是黄琉璃瓦镶绿剪边，正中为宝瓶火焰珠攒尖顶，(宝瓶为佛教法器，被视为神圣之物，火焰珠为如意珠，据说得此珠者可以满足各种欲望。)重檐上下各有八条五彩琉璃垂脊，垂脊上各站着一个蒙古力士，面侧对宝顶，腿略弯曲，侧身牵引，象征着“八方归一”。两旁分列的10个亭子就是十王亭，从整体建筑布局上看，大正殿居中。两旁分列10个亭子，从北向南，呈八字形展开，在视觉上使大正殿更为深远，这种空间处理方式在中国宫殿建筑中仅此一例。十王亭又称“八旗亭”，有的游客可能会想八旗亭(东边为左翼王亭、镶黄旗亭、正白旗亭、镶白旗亭、正蓝旗亭。西边为右翼王婷、正黄旗亭、正红旗亭、镶红旗亭、镶蓝旗亭)该有八个亭子，那另外两个是什么亭子呢?在临近大正殿的左右两端的亭子分别是左翼王亭和右翼王亭，是左右两翼王爷办公的地方，八旗亭是八旗旗主办公的地方。这种把汗王听证的大殿与八旗王公大臣候朝议事的亭子建在一起的格局，正是努尔哈赤崛起之初实行军政合一的八旗制度所决定的。反映了努尔哈赤晚年一汗独尊，八和硕贝勒共治国政的历史风貌。

大家往西走来到的就是沈阳故宫的中路，中路的建筑主要是皇太极时期所建，在这里上演了很多的历史故事。沈阳故宫中路建筑自成体系，共有三进院落。由南向北依次是大清门、崇政殿、凤凰楼、清宁宫，他们都排列在一条中轴线上，两侧还有一些对称式的附属建筑。

大清门就是沈阳故宫的正门，俗称午门，我们刚刚就是从那进到故宫里面的，(大清门为五间硬山式建筑)，在当时大清门是不可以像现在一样随便进出的。大清门不仅是当时文武群臣候朝的地方。也是皇太极接受群臣谢恩之处。当年，明朝著名将领洪承畴、祖大寿等降清后，就是跪在大清门前谢罪请降，候旨传召，受到皇太极的接见的。而当官员升迁或是获罪恩免时也都要在这里遥向北门“崇政殿”叩谢天恩。

大家看我们面前的这座庄严的大殿就是崇政殿，崇政殿原名“正殿”，俗称“金銮殿”，是皇太极日常处理军政要务、接见外国使臣和边疆少数民族代表的地方。崇政殿为五间九凛硬山式建筑，最引人注目的地方是殿顶的黄琉璃瓦绿剪边，墀头、搏风、鸱吻、山顶、殿脊的五彩琉璃构件，以及浮雕的各色行龙和奇花瑞兽，使得整个大殿更显高贵、肃穆，非常壮观。崇政殿另一个匠心之处就是前后的2根外檐柱上端的抱头梁部位做成龙形，龙首从柱头探出，龙身则穿过廊间直通殿内，两两相对，姿态生动，仿佛群龙从大殿飞腾而出，具有结构和装饰双重功能，设计的十分巧妙。

绕过崇政殿我们看到的这座高大建筑就是凤凰楼，凤凰楼的前庭处于“前朝后寝”的中间，是一个过渡性的院落，凤凰楼建在3.8米高的青砖台基上，台基共有24个台阶象征着24节气，每过24节气即过一年，皇帝每天都踩着这24节台基，寓意着大清的江山能历经千秋万代，凤凰楼是一座三层歇山式建筑，全高18.31米，原名叫“凤翔楼”，是皇太极休息、宴会和读书之所。1743年(乾隆八年)改成今名，凤凰楼正门上方悬挂的“紫气东来”金字横匾，是乾隆皇帝御笔，意思是大清朝国力强盛的福气是从东方的盛京来的，表达了清代帝王对祖先创业之地的顶礼膜拜。凤凰楼既是后宫的大门，又是当时盛京城的最高建筑，所以有“凤楼晓月”、“凤楼观塔”的传称，并被列为盛京八景之一。

穿过凤凰楼，我们现在所处的就是皇太极的后宫，是皇太极和后妃们的住所，后宫的整体建筑都高于前朝的宫殿，这种“宫高殿低”的特色反映了满族的则高而居的传统生活习惯。

对于后宫的特色建筑流行这样一句话：口袋房，万字炕，烟囱落在地面上。什么是口袋房呢?大家看我们面前的这座五间硬山前后廊式建筑就是清宁宫，大家看清宁宫一共有五间，而门并不是开在中间一间，而是设在东二间的南面，形如口袋。清宁宫原叫“正宫”，是沈阳故宫中最具满族住宅特色的建筑东一间是皇太极和孝端文皇后(博尔济吉特氏)的寝宫，(称暖阁)1643年(崇德八年)皇太极就端坐在南炕无疾而终。后葬于昭陵。万字炕又是怎么一回事呢?大家看清宁宫的西三间通连，北、西、南三面搭成相连的环炕，形如“万”字，所以人们就俗称为“万字炕”，那“烟囱落在地面上”又是怎么一回事呢?清宁宫的烟囱在清宁宫的后面，是从地面上垒起的，略低于房脊，一会我们可以绕过去看看。在当时是有这样一种禁令，所有百姓家的烟囱是不允许高过皇宫的烟囱的，寓意着大清王朝“一统天下”，

清宁宫两侧的东西配宫，(东配宫有关雎宫、衍庆宫，西配宫有麟趾宫和永福宫)是妃子们所居住的地方，其中最为著名的是庄妃居住的永福宫，因为1638年(崇德三年)清世祖福临就出生在永福宫。

(刚刚有游客问清宁宫庭院正门的南端的那根很高杆子是干什么的，那是索伦杆，满族人称它为“神杆”是满族人用来祭天的。祭天时在顶端的锡斗里放上五谷杂粮和猪的杂碎，已敬乌鸦，这反映了满族萨满教的灵禽崇拜观念，据说也和乌鸦救主的传说相关。)

接下来我们来到的是沈阳故宫西路，西路建筑是为了适应皇帝东巡的需求而增建的，建于乾隆年间，主要建筑有文溯阁，戏台、嘉荫堂和仰熙斋等，套院相接，多尔不乱，是文化气息较浓之处。

文溯阁建于1781年(乾隆46年)至1783年(乾隆48年)，为西路建筑中的主体建筑，是仿照明代浙江宁波的大藏书家范钦的“天一阁”修建的，专门收藏乾隆时期编撰的大型图书《四库全书》，也是全国存放《四库全书》的著名七阁之一，阁名是乾隆帝钦定的，因其位于祖宗的发祥地“盛京”，所以取之“溯源求本”之意命名“文溯阁”。(《四库全书》分经、史、子、集四大部分，结构严谨，是我国古代文献中的珍贵遗产，对于弘扬和传播民族文化具有重要意义。)《四库全书》共撰写七部，其中一部就藏在文溯阁，1966年10月，基于战备考虑，辽宁省将《四库全书》秘密运至兰州，后移交到甘肃省图书馆。

文溯阁是硬山式建筑，面阔6间，外面看是重檐2层，在里面看则是3层，带有明显的江南建筑风格样式。与沈阳故宫其他建筑不同，文溯阁顶盖上用的是黑琉璃瓦绿剪边，这在沈阳故宫建筑中是独一无二的。根据五行八卦之说，黑是代表水，书最忌火，以黑瓦为顶象征以水克火之意。

文溯阁东方有方形碑亭一座，内立石碑一块。正面刻有乾隆帝撰写的《御制文溯阁碑记》，背面刻有乾隆撰写的《宋孝宗论》。碑文详细记录了建阁经过和《四库全书》的收藏情况。

文溯阁后为养媳在，是皇帝读书之所，阁前宫门外有嘉荫堂，左右有出廊，南面还有戏台，是乾隆、嘉庆时期皇帝东巡赏戏的场所。

各位游客朋友们，我的讲解到此结束，接下来大家可以自由活动，但是请大家一定要注意人身及财物安全，请大家谨记我们的集合时间和地点，谢谢大家!

大家好!我是小吴，古天由我去带领大家游览沈阳故宫。沈阳故宫始修于后金天命十年(1625年)，修成于清崇德元年(1636年)，是清太祖努尔哈赤以及清太宗皇太极营制以及使用过的宫殿。清世祖福临也曾在这里继位，改元“顺乱”、并于当年进闭，统乱齐中国。沈阳故宫占地6万多仄方米，齐部修建计300多间，共组成20多个院落。按其布局，可分为东路、中路以及西路三大全数。我们诡计游用三个小时的光阴往游览，现在我们已将到了，大家下车，先听我说几句。

首先，我告诉大家，注意的变乱。第一，大家要紧跟我身后，没有要走拾了。第两，要在划定的光阴内乱争集开，假如找没有到了，请拨打我的手机。第三，没有要治扔器材，讲卫生。第四，坚持安静，没有要大喊大叫。好了，出收了。

沈阳故宫是中国现存仅次于南京故宫的最完整的皇宫修建。在修建艺术上承袭了中国今代修建的传统，集汉、满、蒙族艺术为一体，具备很高的”"汗青”"以及艺术价格。

大家看，这座占地六万仄方米的今修建群始修于625年，修成于1636年，齐部修建90余所，300余间。清朝入闭后对盛京皇宫又举行了回护以及扩修，到坤隆时基本相成古日规模。

大家看，沈阳故宫那金龙蟠柱的太政殿、崇政殿，排如雁行的十王亭、万宇炕心袋房的清宁宫，今朴典俗的文朔阁，和凤凰楼等高台修建。在中国宫殿修建史上，绝无唯一;那机富满族情调的“宫高殿低”的修建作风，更是“别无分号”。

沈阳老乡内乱争的大街号“井”字形，故宫就设在“井”字形大街的中央，占地6万仄方米，现有今修建114座。次要修建有大政殿，十王亭、大清门、崇政殿、凤凰楼、清宁宫、文溯阁等。大政殿是用去入行诸如揭晓诏书、戎行出征、迎接将士班师以及皇帝即位等大典之处。十王亭则是右左翼王以及八旗大臣干事之处。这种君臣开署干事于宫廷的现象，表现了”"创业”"早期君臣仄等的汗青，也是从打世界到坐世界的君臣仄等的延续。到了进闭后，从南京故宫合始，这种仄等被逐渐突破，最终形成了高高在上的君王。

二端高耸的修建是沈阳故宫里仅有的烟囱。故宫里每一个房间的炕火都从地下的通叙汇聚到这个烟囱里，这是他们金瓯无缺的思想的象征。这个烟囱共有11级，最下面一级只需三块砖构成。导游说，这个金瓯无缺的烟囱反而成了清朝的谶语：清朝共有11位皇帝，最后的宣统帝只作了三年江山，等于那三块砖的预示。想当年努尔哈赤在建修这个金瓯无缺烟囱的时候，假如早知云云，一定会加多几层吧?!

上面，请大家自由观光。三个小时后在这里定时集开。

大家好，我叫__，也可以叫我庞导，下面我为大家当导游吧!大家看，我们现在来到的是故宫，故宫有两个名字,除了故宫以外,还叫紫禁城.它位于北京市中心,东西宽750米,南北长960米,面积达72万平方米,是世界上规模最大的宫殿建筑物.

咱们数一数,故宫的一共有多少间?你一定数不过来吧?故宫一共有9999间半的房间呢?故宫有许多的殿,比如太和殿、中和殿、乾清门、养心殿等。这里是保和殿，大家向上看，保和殿为重檐歇山顶面阔九间。在原来是举行册立皇后、皇太子等大典时皇上更衣的地方。

大家一定看到我的手指的那一座楼吧?那就是坤宁宫。在明朝，坤宁宫是皇后住的地方。清朝满族的习俗，将其改为祭神的场所，把冬暖阁作为皇上大婚的洞房。出坤宁宫北行，我们来到的是御花园。它的门于东西六宫相通。这御花园规模宏大，长130米，宽90米。

主要建筑钦安殿正处在中轴线上。明朝时。这里秋季大享及祭祀的场所，清代改为了寺庙。这里的大石堆是叠山堆秀，在那时是帝后嫔妃重阳登高的地方。与御花园是以建筑为的宫廷花园，山石树木安排有序，奇花异草争奇斗艳。参观完了故宫，大家一定留下了很深刻的印象吧!

让我一起保护它吧!

各位游客大家好，

我们此次游览的景点是世界文化遗产、国家 4A级景区、国家重点文物保护单位——沈阳故宫。首先呢，我们一起来看一下沈阳故宫的平面图。

沈阳故宫始建于公元1620xx年。先后经过三次大规模建设，形成了东、中、西三路格局。东路建立于清太祖努尔哈赤时期，主要建筑是大政殿和十王庭;中路建于清太宗皇太极时期，主要的建筑是大清门、崇政殿、凤凰楼、清宁宫;西路呢，建于清乾隆年间，主要建筑是戏台、嘉荫堂、文溯阁和仰熙斋，它因存放《四库全书》而闻名。那么作为我国现存最完好的两座古代帝王宫殿之一呢，沈阳故宫与北京故宫遥相呼应，却又有着截然不同的建筑风格。现在呢我们就来领略一下昔日皇宫的风采。

首先我们看到的是中路建筑的大清门，它俗称午门，也就是沈阳故宫的正门。是当时文武群臣候朝的地方，也是清太宗皇太极接受群臣谢恩之处。那么这座门为什么叫做大清门呢?正统的说法是清朝的国号为清，皇宫的正门就是国门，所以称为大清门。还有一个传说，这座木门呢在建成之后呢并没有名称，只是叫做大门。后来，皇太极改国号为大清，听说北京明朝皇宫的宫门叫大明门，于是为了体现针锋相对，就将此门命名为大清门。

我们穿过大清门，现在正面的建筑就是崇政殿。崇政殿原名“正殿”，俗称金銮殿。崇德元年定名为崇政殿。它是皇太极日常处理军政要务、接见外国使臣和边疆少数民族代表的地方。

我们可以看到崇政殿为五间九檩硬山式建筑，殿顶铺黄琉璃瓦，镶绿剪边，那么请各位游客注意的是殿顶的琉璃瓦，有去过北京故宫的朋友一定会清楚地记得北京故宫的琉璃瓦是黄色的，而沈阳的琉璃瓦是黄色镶绿剪边。那么这是沈阳故宫与北京故宫的重要差别之一。

我们走上月台。那么在月台两侧分别有用于计时的日晷，和用于存放标准计量单位的嘉量亭。我们看到在月台上呢还设有四口大缸，那么大家知道它们是做什么用的吗?那我告诉大家吧，他叫做“吉祥缸”古代称它是“门海”，是皇宫中重要的防火设施，象征缸中水多似海，可以镇火灾。

我们走上须弥座。抬头看上方的牌匾是用满文和汉文书写的“崇政殿”。请游客看左边的满文，我们有个形象的比喻“中间一根棍，两边都是刺，加上圈和点，就是满文字儿”。那么沈阳故宫的牌匾都是满文在左，汉文在右。而北京故宫的牌匾都是汉文在左，满文在右。那么这是沈阳故宫与北京故宫的差别之二。

我们抬头看崇政殿内上方悬挂的“正大光明”匾额，是由顺治皇帝手谕的。下面呢是皇帝的宝座，据说宝座上绘制雕刻有8条金龙，再加上坐在宝座上的真龙天子，正好是中国古代最大的阳数九条龙。现在崇政殿呢，我们就游览到这里。

眼前的雄伟建筑呢，就是凤凰楼。它建在3.8米高的青砖台基上，为三层歇山式建筑。它原名翔凤楼，是皇太极休息、宴会和读书之所。我们看到正门上方悬挂的“紫气东来”横匾呢，是由乾隆皇帝手谕的。意思是大清朝国运强盛的福气是从东方的盛京传来的。那么凤凰楼不仅是当时后宫的正门，又是当时盛京城的最高建筑，所以有“凤楼晓日”之称，并被列为盛京八景之一。传说呀当年站在凤凰楼上就可以看到抚顺城呢。

大家好!我是星星导游社的导游王景瑶，也能够叫我小王。我们这天游览地方是故宫，期望能够和大家度过完美的一天。

故宫又称紫禁城，是明清两代的皇宫，堪称当今世界上无与伦比的建筑杰作。很多人慕名来到故宫，就是为了欣赏中国古代建筑的辉煌与帝王的奢华。

故宫始建于1406年，1420年竣工。这片堪称世界最宏伟的宫殿建筑群，南北长961米，东西宽753米，建筑面积有15.5万平方米，内有大小院落九十多座，房屋980间。都是用上等木材、琉璃瓦顶、青白的石座与各种金碧辉煌的彩画交相辉映，尽显出故宫的富贵荣华。故宫很大，它的庞大往往超出了人们的想象范畴。东华门，午门、西华门、神武门分守故宫东南西北4个方向。故宫内部可分为“外朝“与“内廷“两部分。外朝以太宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫为中心，是皇帝与后妃的住所。后人不远千里迢迢来到这座红色城池前瞻仰、游览、触摸、感怀……

好了，这天我的导游就到那里结束了，下面请大家自己观赏这美丽的风景吧!但是大家必须要记住，请大家不要乱扔果皮，谢谢配合。445分钟后，请大家来那里集合，愿你们开心快乐。

大家好!很欢迎大家前来游玩!我是佟铭熙，大家可以叫我佟导。

故宫清洁卫生有大家保持，请大家“高抬贵手”，不要乱扔果皮纸屑等垃圾。

一会儿下车的时候，大家一定要记住车牌号。

各位朋友、女士、先生和父老乡亲们，过一会我们将要参观故宫博物馆，我先为各位做的简介。

故宫是世界上现存范围最大的古代皇家宫殿建筑群。

故宫也叫紫禁城，“紫”是天上君王居住宫殿的颜色，那么，人间的帝王当然要与“紫”字沾边。

“禁”是指当时那里守卫森严，不要说是普通老百姓，即使是一品大员没有皇帝的召见也不能私自入城，否则就会引来杀身之祸。

故宫平面呈长方形，南北长960米，东西宽750米，总面积有72万平方万米。

整座紫禁城被宽52米的护城河所环绕，城墙高10米，可谓是“城高池宽”。

故宫开四门，座北朝南，南门为午门，即正门，北门为神武门，东为东华门，西为西华门。

故宫的整个院落分为二大部分，即“前朝”和“后寝”。

“前朝”是皇帝举行盛大典礼的地方，以太和殿、中和殿、保和殿及东西两侧的文华殿及武英殿为主。

“后寝”是皇帝及后妃居住的地方，主要以乾清宫、交秦殿、坤宁宫及东西六宫为主。

除此之外、故宫内还有很多其他各式各样用途不一的大小宫殿。

据说当年紫禁城共有宫殿九千九百九十九半间，够多吧?打个比方说吧，如果一个婴儿从哇哇坠地开始每晚住不一样的房间、而且不重复，等他全部住遍后，就是个27岁的小伙啦!

好了，我先为各位介绍到这里，待会我再为各位做详细补充。

各位游客：

大家好!欢迎来到北京故宫，我叫王。非常荣幸能为大家提供服务，希望在我的陪伴下，能让您度过愉快的一天。现在让我们一起去领略世界遗产--北京故宫。

故宫，又称紫禁城，是明清两代的皇宫，故宫是世界现存规模最大最完整的古代木结构建筑群。它始建于明永乐四年(公元1460年)，共有24位皇帝先后在此登基。紫禁城占地72万多平方米，共有宫殿9000多间。

我们现在站的位置是故宫的太和殿。故宫里最吸引人的建筑是三大殿和三大宫。故宫三大殿：太和殿是最富丽堂皇的建筑，是皇帝举行大典的地方;中和殿是皇帝去太和殿举行大典前稍事休息和演习礼仪的地方;保和殿是每年除夕皇帝赐宴外藩王公的场所。故宫三大宫：乾清宫、慈宁宫、坤宁宫，是皇帝处理日常政务和帝后及其年幼子女居住的地方。大家游览故宫应注意，一是欣赏丰富多彩的建筑艺术;二是观赏陈列于室内的珍贵的文物。它标志着我们祖国悠久的文化传统，显示着五百多年前匠师们在建筑上的卓越成就。

现在大家可以自由参观，一定要注意保持故宫环境卫生，一小时后在故宫后门集合，请准时哦!

大家好!我是故宫旅游业的颜剑大家可以叫我小颜导游，我今天要和大家一起去北京有名的景点：故宫。我们今天要去的地方有：太和殿、中和殿、保和殿。

我先主要介绍一下故宫：北京故宫，是世界上规模最大、保存最完好的古代皇宫建筑群，是中国古代建筑最高水平的体现。北京故宫，始建于明朝永乐四年(1406)，建成于永乐十八年(1420)，是明清两朝的皇宫，其时称紫禁城，1920xx年始称故宫。从1420xx年明成祖迁都北京，到1920xx年辛亥革命推翻清政府，将末代皇帝溥仪赶出故宫，结束中国历史上封建王朝的统治，故宫一直是中国统治阶级的政治和文化中心，先后经历了24位皇帝。故宫占地面积72万平方米，建筑面积15万平方米，现有建筑980余座，有屋8700余间，故宫四周绕以10米高的城墙，外有50多米宽的护城河。明清故宫建于北京城的中央，以南北为中轴线，座北朝南，充分体现了皇权至上的封建统治思想，故宫城外是皇城，皇城外又有北京城，城城包围，显示了森严的等级制度。

历史上，故宫因火灾和其它原因曾多次重建，但基本格局没有改变，整个皇宫建筑分为南部前朝和北部后廷两部分。前朝有太和、中和、保和三大殿，这三大殿是故宫中最高大的建筑物，也是皇帝举行重大典礼的地方，是封建皇权的象征。后廷以乾清宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫为中心，左右东西六宫为翼，是皇帝、皇后、嫔、妃居住的地方。前朝后廷，界限分明，不可随便逾越，体现了中国古代传统的等级分明，内外有别的伦理观念。中国的建筑匠师们将如此大规模的建筑规划得井井有条，利用重重得墙门和庭院把故宫有序地组合成壮丽的建筑群。明清故宫的规划和建筑，不仅继承了中国古代建筑的传统，而且有所发展创新，是中国古代文化和中国古代建筑艺术成就的集大成者。其室内外建筑空间的组合、建筑体量大小的搭配、材料的运用、小品的陈设、装饰的制作、色彩的选择都达到了很高的水平，产生了激动人心的艺术效果。

故宫又称紫禁城位于北京城中心， 故宫始建于公元1406，1420xx年基本竣工，后来经过多个朝代的劳动人民细心修造变得非常华丽，但是人保持着原来的规模，是世界上保存最完整、规模最大的古代木构架宫殿建筑群。

故宫整个院落分为两大部分，即“前朝”和“后寝”。“前朝”是皇帝举行盛大典礼的地方，以太和殿、中和殿、保和殿及东西两侧的文华殿及武英殿为主。“后寝”是皇帝及后妃、未成年的子嗣们居住的地方，主要以乾清宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫及东西六宫为主。

故宫建成后，经历了明、清两个王朝，到1920xx年清帝逊位的约五百年间，历经了明、清两个朝代二十四位皇帝。

你们好!我很高兴能够和你们一起去游赏雄伟的故宫。希望我带领你们去游赏时，能够看到一丝丝的微笑，同时也希望把你的微笑留下，带走您的垃圾，把您的照片带走，别带走别的东西，谢谢合作!下面跟我去游赏吧!

大家踏着脚下的方砖，放眼望去，一座金碧辉煌的宫殿在我们的眼前。

这是保和殿，它在北京城内的中部，是明、清两朝的皇宫，据说，古代皇宫是禁地，又有紫微垣为天帝所居的神话。故称宫为“紫禁城”。大家听了介绍，大体会不会对故宫有一点了解了!好，我们走近看看，故宫的保和殿是1961年定为全国重点文物保护单位的。

游客们，我们往保和殿后向北的石道走去，可能有些游客会想：“那还有文物?”可那里的确有一块文物，叫云龙石雕，是故宫最大的一块大石头。

我们到了，大家看，这块石头攻16.57米，宽3.07米，厚1.7米，重200多吨，游客们你们一定会大吃一惊吧!大家看，这块石头原为明代雕制，清乾隆时重雕的。现在，我为大家讲一个故事。传说，为了把如此巨石安全抵运到宫内，要在严冬季节，工匠民夫们在运石路时，每隔一里之远的地方挖井一口，打上来井水泼在路上，形成一条至京城的冰道，巨石利用旱船，就是冰船。调集千余骡马来拉，众人齐心高声呐喊，齐心协力，使巨石在冰道上移动滑行，缓缓而进，一步一步地运至故宫。

游客们听了传说，可想而知，这块巨石时十分的重呀!

朋友们，我们走出保和殿，我们去结构精巧，造型秀丽的角楼。

各位游客，你们好，欢迎你们来到故宫。今天由我为大家做导游，希望大家玩的开心。

首先，故宫旧称紫禁城。是明清两代皇宫，是中国现存最大最完整的古建筑群。1988年被联合国科文组织列为“世界文化遗产”。

说到这里有人可能就会问了，故宫占地面积是多少?故宫占地七十二万平方米，屋宁九千九百九十九间半，建筑面积15.5万平方米。而且墙外有宽二十五米的护城河环绕，形成一个森严的壁垒的城堡。建筑气势雄伟、豪华、壮丽，是中国古代建筑的精华。

故宫殿的建筑布局有外朝内廷之分。内廷与外朝的建筑气氛迥然不同。外朝以太和、中和、保和，三大殿为中心，是封建皇帝行使权力，举行盛典的地方，坤清宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫为中心，是封建帝王与后妃居住之所。此外还有文华殿、武英殿、御花园等。

最后还要提醒大家故宫已经有很长时间的历史，请大家给予保护不要随意破坏。

各位游客大家好，

我们此次游览的景点是世界文化遗产、国家 4A级景区、国家重点文物保护单位——沈阳故宫。首先呢，我们一起来看一下沈阳故宫的平面图。

沈阳故宫始建于公元1625年。先后经过三次大规模建设，形成了东、中、西三路格局。东路建立于清太祖努尔哈赤时期，主要建筑是大政殿和十王庭;中路建于清太宗皇太极时期，主要的建筑是大清门、崇政殿、凤凰楼、清宁宫;西路呢，建于清乾隆年间，主要建筑是戏台、嘉荫堂、文溯阁和仰熙斋，它因存放《四库全书》而闻名。那么作为我国现存最完好的两座古代帝王宫殿之一呢，沈阳故宫与北京故宫遥相呼应，却又有着截然不同的建筑风格。现在呢我们就来领略一下昔日皇宫的风采。

首先我们看到的是中路建筑的大清门，它俗称午门，也就是沈阳故宫的正门。是当时文武群臣候朝的地方，也是清太宗皇太极接受群臣谢恩之处。那么这座门为什么叫做大清门呢?正统的说法是清朝的国号为清，皇宫的正门就是国门，所以称为大清门。还有一个传说，这座木门呢在建成之后呢并没有名称，只是叫做大门。后来，皇太极改国号为大清，听说北京明朝皇宫的宫门叫大明门，于是为了体现针锋相对，就将此门命名为大清门。

我们穿过大清门，现在正面的建筑就是崇政殿。崇政殿原名“正殿”，俗称金銮殿。崇德元年定名为崇政殿。它是皇太极日常处理军政要务、接见外国使臣和边疆少数民族代表的地方。

我们可以看到崇政殿为五间九檩硬山式建筑，殿顶铺黄琉璃瓦，镶绿剪边，那么请各位游客注意的是殿顶的琉璃瓦，有去过北京故宫的朋友一定会清楚地记得北京故宫的琉璃瓦是黄色的，而沈阳的琉璃瓦是黄色镶绿剪边。那么这是沈阳故宫与北京故宫的重要差别之一。

我们走上月台。那么在月台两侧分别有用于计时的日晷，和用于存放标准计量单位的嘉量亭。我们看到在月台上呢还设有四口大缸，那么大家知道它们是做什么用的吗?那我告诉大家吧，他叫做“吉祥缸”古代称它是“门海”，是皇宫中重要的防火设施，象征缸中水多似海，可以镇火灾。

我们走上须弥座。抬头看上方的牌匾是用满文和汉文书写的“崇政殿”。请游客看左边的满文，我们有个形象的比喻“中间一根棍，两边都是刺，加上圈和点，就是满文字儿”。那么沈阳故宫的牌匾都是满文在左，汉文在右。而北京故宫的牌匾都是汉文在左，满文在右。那么这是沈阳故宫与北京故宫的差别之二。

我们抬头看崇政殿内上方悬挂的“正大光明”匾额，是由顺治皇帝手谕的。下面呢是皇帝的宝座，据说宝座上绘制雕刻有8条金龙，再加上坐在宝座上的真龙天子，正好是中国古代最大的阳数九条龙。现在崇政殿呢，我们就游览到这里。

眼前的雄伟建筑呢，就是凤凰楼。它建在3.8米高的青砖台基上，为三层歇山式建筑。它原名翔凤楼，是皇太极休息、宴会和读书之所。我们看到正门上方悬挂的“紫气东来”横匾呢，是由乾隆皇帝手谕的。意思是大清朝国运强盛的福气是从东方的盛京传来的。那么凤凰楼不仅是当时后宫的正门，又是当时盛京城的最高建筑，所以有“凤楼晓日”之称，并被列为盛京八景之一。传说呀当年站在凤凰楼上就可以看到抚顺城呢。

穿过凤凰楼呢我们来到了一处院落，此处呢就是皇太极的后宫所在。我们正面的是皇太极的中宫“清宁宫”。它原名正宫，是沈阳故宫中最具满族住宅特色的建筑。我们可以看到它的门呢开在靠东的一侧。形如口袋，所以称为“口袋房”。东一间呢是皇太极和孝端文皇后博尔济吉特氏的寝宫，又称暖阁。寝宫分为南北两室，各有火炕又称龙床。1643年，皇太极就在这里‘端坐无疾而终’，终年52岁，后葬于昭陵。那么在东侧第二间的窗下呢，设有两口大锅，它是用来干什么的呢?我来解释一下，这两口锅是用来祭祀的。满族人信奉萨满教。人们将热酒灌进猪的耳朵，如果猪耳朵有晃动即表示神灵已经接收该祭品。如果不动，则表示神灵不满意，则本次祭祀活动不能在进行下去了。那么猪由于受到刺激就会摇头，满族人认为此时的猪已经通神，成为连接天地的媒介。于是呢就将猪宰杀后洗干净，切成大块，放入北侧的两口大锅里清水煮熟，那煮熟的肉呢就饿放入木槽中供奉给神灵享用，然后再分给参加祭祀的人们，称为“吃福肉”，满族人相信吃了福肉，福气就会降临到每个人的身上。

那么我们现在来到西一侧的房间，西侧呢三间通连，北、西、南三面搭成相连的环炕，称为“万字炕”，这里既是皇帝举行内宫便宴之处，也是满族巫人萨满为皇帝和国家祈神的地方。

清宁宫与汉族建筑不同的地方还在于它的烟囱建在屋后，而且是从地面向上垒起的。一会我们在绕道后面看这个烟囱。清宁宫的这种“口袋房，万字炕，烟囱建在地面上”的建筑特点具有满族特有的民族风格。

我们出了清宁宫呢，大家看到的这其他四座寝宫分别是：关雎宫、麟趾宫、衍庆宫、永福宫。我们下面逐一参观。

关雎宫是皇太极一生中最宠爱的宸妃——海兰珠的寝宫。海兰珠是中宫皇后的亲侄女，永福宫庄妃的亲姐姐。海兰珠嫁皇太极时已经26岁，但皇太极却对海兰珠有着很深的感情。海兰珠由于亲生的八皇子早逝，终日郁郁寡欢，在崇德六年病逝。在他死后两年，皇太极也去世了，据说皇太极的早逝与两年前宸妃的病逝有着密切的关系。

这是衍庆宫，是皇太极淑妃的寝宫，其女，被皇太极嫁给多尔衮为妻

这是麟趾宫，是皇太极贵妃娜木钟的寝宫，其子博果尔曾在皇太极死后成为福临皇位的最大竞争者。后成为朝中重臣。

我们最后来看看皇太极后妃中地位最低的永福宫。永福宫是庄妃博尔济吉特氏的宫室。若论及对清政权的影响，庄妃的作用远远超过了其她四位后妃，被后人评价为清朝历史上最有作为的后妃。庄妃也是中宫皇后的亲侄女，关雎宫海兰珠的亲妹妹。庄妃以其卓越的政治才能，辅佐了三位皇帝成就大清的基业。康熙二十六年，庄妃病逝，享年75岁。成为清朝后宫中寿禄最长的女人。

大家看，在庭院的西南角立着的红色木杆称为索伦杆，木杆顶端有锡斗。满族人称它为“神杆”。它是用来喂养乌鸦的。那么游客们是不是会疑问，为什么满族要祭祀乌鸦呢?其实这于一个关于乌鸦的传说有关。满族的先祖有一次在被仇家追杀时，曾绝望的躺在地上，这时恰巧一群乌鸦落在他的身上。仇家经过此地，认为乌鸦是不会在有活人的地方停留的，就这样满族的祖先得救了。后来满族人为报答乌鸦救祖先一命的恩德，开始供奉乌鸦，祭祀的时候把猪的内脏放到锡斗里来供养乌鸦。

现在呢，我们看到的就是在清宁宫后的这根烟囱，也是当年沈阳城内唯一的一根烟囱。寓意“一统江山”。大家数一下烟囱有多少层?……对一共有十一层，我告诉大家在十一层上面还有三块砖。那么这怎么讲哪?问大家一个小问题：清朝有多少位皇帝，又有多少位是寿终正寝的?……对清朝一共有12为皇帝。其中11位寿终正寝。末代皇帝溥仪只做了三年的皇帝。正好和这十一层零三块砖“一统江山”吻合。

好了，朋友们沈阳故宫我就为大家介绍到这里，希望我的讲解能给大家留下深刻的印象。现在大家可以自由活动30分钟，30分钟之后，我们在正门集合。