居庸关长城解说词20篇

威尼斯介绍

威尼斯是意大利东北部着名的水上都市，城市面积不到八平方公里，却由一百一十八个小岛组成，一百七十七条运河蛛网一样密布其间。城内古迹众多，有各式教堂、钟楼、男女修道院和宫殿百余座，威尼斯的公共活动中心圣马可广场更是旅客口碑叫座的景点之一。

圣马可广场简介

圣马可广场初建于九世纪。马可是圣经中《马可福音》的作者，威尼斯人将他奉为守护神。相传八二八年两个威尼斯商人从埃及亚历山大将耶稣圣徒马可的遗骨偷运到威尼斯，并在同一年为圣马可兴建教堂，教堂内有圣马可的陵墓，大教堂以圣马可的名字命名，大教堂前的广场也因此得名“圣马可广场”。广场入口有两个高高的柱子，一个上面是威尼斯的代表“飞狮”，另一个则是威尼斯最早的守护神圣狄奥多，这里是威尼斯城的迎宾入口。

圣马可大教堂

圣马可教堂不仅只是一座教堂，也是一座非常优秀的建筑，同时这里还收藏了许多丰富的艺术品。它融合了东、西方的建筑特色，从外观上来欣赏，它的五座圆顶仿自土耳其伊斯坦堡的圣索菲亚教堂，结构上有着典型的拜占庭风格，采用的帆拱的构造；正面的华丽装饰是源自巴洛克的风格；整座教堂的平面呈现出希腊式的集中十字，是东罗马后期的典型教堂形制。

四角形钟楼

这座由红砖砌成的钟楼建于十五世纪末期，它高九十七米，是威尼斯城市的纵坐标，也是圣马可广场建筑群空间构图的重心。站在这里，自顶端俯瞰，可以尽情观赏风光宜人的威尼斯城和泻湖全貌，甚至可以远眺美丽的阿尔卑斯山。

圣马可广场上的总督府

又称威尼斯公爵府。始建于九世纪，属于欧洲中世纪罗马风建筑。由于当时威尼斯与地中海东部的伊斯兰国家密切的文化贸易往来，大量阿拉伯人定居威尼斯，所以总督府立面的席纹图案明显受到了伊斯兰建筑的影响。

圣马可图书馆

位于圣马可广场的圣马可图书馆，为十六世纪的建筑，是著名建筑师珊索维诺在威尼斯留下的一个杰作，所以这座图书馆又以他的名字命名。建造时，珊索维诺选择了一个狭长的地带来修建，并采用了和总府邸一样的双层拱廊结构，只是高度上略低一些。这个使用古典式柱子的长长的拱廊，简洁悠远，如今成了遮阴休闲的公共场所。

叹息桥

圣马可广场附近还有一座巴洛克风格的叹息桥。该桥是密封式拱桥建筑，由内向外望只能通过桥上的小窗子。叹息桥的两端连接法院与监狱两处，死囚通过此桥之时，常是行刑前的一刻，因感叹即将结束的人生而得名；是威尼斯最著名的桥梁之一。

各位游客，大家好!欢迎来到长城。我是今天的导游，姓郑，大家可以叫我“小郑”。很高兴能与大家一同游长城。俗话说得好：“不到长城非好汉”，今天，我们就来当一回“好汉”，来领略一下长城的雄伟气魄。

因为长城东起山海关，西至嘉峪关，有一万三千多里长。我们不是体育健将，所以只游览一段修筑在八达岭上的长城。

现在我们已经在八达岭上了，大家踏着脚下条石，肯定很自然地想起当时古代劳动人民修筑长城的情景：当时没有吊车、汽车、起重机，就靠无数的肩膀和双手，一步一步地抬上这陡峭的山岭。为了修建长城，他们不知道流了多少的血汗，付出了多少的智慧，才凝结成这前不见头，后不见尾的万里长城。为此我们不得不赞叹古人的智慧和毅力!

好了，游客朋友们，现在请你们从古代回到现实中，大家看看这城墙上突出来的东西，你们知道这是什么吗?没错，这成排的突出物体就叫“垛子”。它上面有瞭望口，下面有个射口，设计很是巧妙。现在，请大家把视线转移到远处正方形的东西，它是屯兵用的堡垒又叫城台，每隔300米就有一座这“方形”的城台。打仗的时候，城台之间可以相互呼应。

关于长城，还有一个感人的故事。传说孟姜女和她的丈夫刚结婚，他的丈夫就被抓去修建长城，孟姜女只能在家痴痴地等待丈夫的归来，她等啊等，就是没等到丈夫的归来。于是，她就历尽艰辛寻到了长城，寻到的却是一具阴森森的白骨，她悲伤至极，每日以泪洗面，最后把长城都哭倒.这就是孟姜女哭长城的故事。

游客朋友们，欢乐的时光总是特别的短暂，转眼我们就到了要分别的时刻了，希望大家能喜欢我的讲解，祝大家玩得愉快，下次再见!

Hello everyone! We are visiting Mount Tai today. Im your guide, Wu Ying.Now please follow me to see Mount Tai!

First of all, let me introduce Mount Tai to you. Mount Tai is the first ofthe "Five Mountains" in China. It has the reputation of "the first in theworld", also known as Dongyue. It is one of the most beautiful and shocking tenfamous mountains in China. Mount Tai is located in the central part of ShandongProvince. Its natural landscape is majestic and tall. It has thousands of yearsof spiritual and cultural penetration and rendering, as well as the contrast ofhuman landscape. Famous landscapes include: Nantianmen, Yuhuangding,tianzhufeng, Shibapan, etc.

Now we come to Nantianmen first. South Tianmen is located in the lowdepression between feilongyan and xiangfengling, with two peaks, as if Tianmenhad opened itself. Looking up from below, it is like a palace in the sky, whichis the gateway to Mount Tai. There is a small courtyard inside the gate. Themain hall is the hall of Sanling marquis. It was built when Emperor Zhenzong ofSong Dynasty granted Mount Tai in the winter. It was dedicated to Tang Chen, GeYong and Zhou Wu, the admonishment officials of Zhou Dynasty. Later it waschanged into Guandi temple.

Then we came to Yuhuangding. Yuhuangding is the top of the main peak ofMount Tai, which is named after the Yuhuangmiao temple. Yuhuang temple was firstbuilt in the Ming Dynasty. The main buildings are Jade Emperor hall, YingxuPavilion, Wanghe Pavilion, dongxipeidian and so on.

Well, now please go and play by yourself, and gather at Tianzhu peak inthree hours. Please pay attention to: 1. Dont litter everywhere; 2. Dont spiteverywhere; 3. Protect the trees.

Ladies and gentlemen!

Hello everyone! My name is Yiming. Im your guide. Today, I will take youto visit the "three Confucius": Confucius mansion, Confucius temple andConfucius forest.

Sage Confucius has a famous saying: "its a pleasure to have friends fromafar." Im very happy to be a tour guide. I will try my best to serve you.Please criticize and correct the shortcomings.

Before visiting Sankong, please allow me to introduce Qufu. Qufu is locatedat the junction of Luzhong district and southwest plain of Shandong Province. LiBai, a great poet, once described Qufu as "laughing and boasting of old friends,pointing to a desperate situation, with mountains and waters as green asorchids". Now lets visit the Confucius Temple. Confucius Temple is located inthe center of Qufu City. It is a charming building built by ancient people forthe great thought and broad spiritual quality of Confucius. It covers an area of327.5 mu, with a length of 1 km from north to south. There are 466 buildings and54 gateways. In addition, there are more than 1700 ancient trees in the temple,one by one rushing into the sky. It is said that anyone who dares to cut downone will be beheaded. Every tree, every doors name contains the thought ofConfucius benevolence.

The Confucius Mansion is adjacent to the Confucius Temple. It is theresidence of the eldest son of the sage Confucius. It has three roads and ninecourtyards. It has 463 buildings and a back garden, covering an area of 240 mu.Confucius Mansion, also known as "Yansheng mansion". "Yan Sheng" means that"Sheng Dao" and "Sheng Yi" can reproduce and continue,

After entering the gate of Confucius mansion, there are three roads to theback of Confucius mansion. On the East Road, there are Yiguan hall, muen hall,Confucius family temple, etc.; on the West Road, there are red calyx hall,Zhongshu hall, Anhuai hall, flower hall, etc.; on the Middle Road, there are themain buildings of Confucius mansion, the first half of which is the governmentoffice, and the second half is the inner house.

Konglin is a special cemetery for the family of Confucius, the oldest andlargest family cemetery in the world. It covers an area of more than 3000 mu.The surrounding walls are 3 meters high, 1.5 meters thick and 14.5 Li long.There are more than 100000 trees and hundreds of plants in the forest. Among thetrees, there are many steles and statues, which are very spectacular.

Now free activity for 3 hours, you can visit the "three holes" by yourself,you can also play games, piics and other activities, but you must ensurehealth.

This is the end of the visit to "three holes".

各位游客：

你们好，欢迎你们来到北京旅游，我是你们的导游__x。

从八达岭长城往南，沿著名的“关沟”直下约5公里的中间地带，就是明万里长城最负盛名的雄关之一——居庸关。居庸关自古就是今北京地区西北的屏障。

如果说八达岭是西北进入北京的第一道门户的话，这里就是第二道门户。居庸关两侧高山耸立，翠峰重迭，峭壁陡不可攀。中间一径相通，地势十分险要。成书于战国时期的《吕氏春秋》中就有“天下九塞，居庸其一”的记载。

居庸关在漫长的岁月中，虽始终是兵防重镇，却屡易其名，三国时称“西关”，北齐时改“纳款关”，唐时又先称“蓟门关”，后改为“军都关”，由辽以后经金、元、明、清至今，一直称谓“居庸关”。秦时，虽然秦始皇所修长城不经过这里，但此地已是秦军都县和居庸县的关口。到北魏时期的公元446年，这里才开始有了长城。公元555年，北齐政权所修长城也曾经过这里。此时，居庸关才真正成为长城线上的一个重要隘口。明朝建立之初，就于洪武三年(公元1370年)派开国元勋徐达修筑了居庸关关城。关城两侧的长城城墙，紧接关城向两翼山上延伸，其形如大鹏展翅。城墙随山势地形而筑，在山巅平缓处的垛口为“凹”字形，墙筑在陡峭山坡，垛口为台阶式，呈锯齿状。关城设南北二门，街长二里余，南门筑有瓮城。垛口、射洞齐备，咽喉通道穿入南北门。具有“一夫当关，万夫莫开”之险。它与明长城的倒马关和紫荆关合称为“内三关”。

居庸关云台位于居庸关城的中心，为一过街塔基座，用汉白玉砌成。建于元至元五年(公元1345年)。台上原矗立三座石制-塔，俗称“过街塔”。塔在元末明初时先后被毁。明正统四年(公元1439年)，在台上重建寺院，名泰安寺。寺又于清代康熙四十一年(公元1702年)被焚毁。现存塔基高9.5米，下基东西长26.84米，南北长17.57米。台顶四周安设有雕刻精美的石护栏及排水龙头。台座正中间南北各开一券门，券洞为八边折角式拱券，这是我国仅存的宋、元以前城关门洞的建筑形式。券面及券洞内雕有迦楼罗(金翅鸟)、大龙神、卷叶花等。券洞内左右两壁，刻有属于-教内容的佛教图像，如四大天王像，以大鹏、鲸鱼等六种形象组成的法相饰“六〓具”等。四大天王之间，布满了用梵、藏、八思巴、维吾尔、汉、西夏西夏六种文字刻写的佛经，以及用汉文刻写的《造塔功德记》。券洞顶部雕刻有10尊坐佛和若干小佛像，还雕刻有各种花草图案。

居庸关，是京北长城沿线上的著名古关城，"天下九塞"之一，"太行八陉"之八，国家级文物保护单位。

关城所在的峡谷，属太行余脉军都山地，西山夹峙，下有巨涧，悬崖峭壁，地形极为险要。居庸关与紫荆关、倒马关、固关并称明朝京西四大名关，其中居庸关、紫荆关、倒马关又称内三关。

庸关在北京市昌平县境内，形势险要，自古为兵家必争之地。有南北两个关口，南名“南口”，北称“居庸关”。居庸关两旁，山势雄奇，中间有长达18公里的溪谷，俗称“关沟”。这里清流萦绕，翠峰重迭，花木郁茂，山鸟争鸣。绮丽的风景，有“居庸叠翠”之称，被列为“燕京八景”之一。居庸关的中心有一个“过街塔”基座，名“云台”，取其“远望如在云端”之意。云台创建于元至正二至五年(1342一1345年)，是用汉白玉石筑成的，台高9.5米，上顶东西宽25.21米，南北长12.9米;下基东西宽26.84米。南北长15.57米，上小下大，平面呈矩形。台顶四周的石栏杆、望柱、栏板、滴水龙头等建筑，都保持着元代的艺术风格。台基中央有一个门洞，门道可通行人、车、马。云台可谓是元代一座大型的石雕艺术精品。云台上原建有三座白色喇嘛塔，可惜毁于元末明初。此后在台基上建了“泰安寺”，清康熙四十一年(1702年)，寺遭火焚，仅存云台。现在台顶上的柱础，就是明代泰安寺殿字的遗物。

居庸关附近，还有“仙枕石”、“五郎庙”、“六郎寨”、“弹琴峡”、“望京石”、“天险”、“穆桂英点将台”、“詹天佑铜像”等景点，增添了这座雄关的风采。1992年昌平区十三陵特区办事处为保护文物，对关城建筑进行了全面修复，再现了昔日的雄姿。关城附近自然景观十分壮美，早在金明昌年间(公元1190—1195年)“居庸叠翠”之名已列入“燕山八景”。

居庸关在距北京市区50余公里外的昌平县境内。相传秦始皇修长城时，将囚犯、士卒和强征来的民夫徙居于此，后取“徙居庸徒”之意，故名居庸关。汉代沿称，此后各代仍称居庸关口这里山峦间花木郁茂葱笼，仿如碧波翠浪，故有“居庸叠翠”之称。居庸关形势险要，自古为兵家必争之地，它有南北两个关口，南名“南口”，北称“八达岭”。居庸关两旁山势雄奇，中间有长达18公里的溪谷，俗称“关沟”。这里清流萦绕、翠峰重叠、花木郁茂、山鸟争鸣，被列为“燕京八景”之一。

居庸关长城所在的峡谷，属太行余脉军都山地，地形极为险要。早在春秋战国时代，燕国就要扼控此口，时称“居庸塞”。汉朝时，居庸关城已颇具规模。南北朝时，关城建筑又与长城连在一起。此后历唐、辽、金、元数朝，居庸峡谷都有关城之设。

居庸关长城在北京昌平县境内，距北京市区60公里，是长城的一个重要关口，古代北京西北的重要屏障，形势险要。然而，这个汉代关始设立的开口，历尽沧桑，残损严重，渐渐失

居庸关长城(4张)去公众的关注。历时4年、耗资上亿元的居庸关长城修复工程已竣工，居庸关长城已于1998年3月正式对游人开放。

游览居庸关主要是观赏那高六雄伟的关城和连锦起伏的垛口，以及云台精美石雕。

关城：明代居庸关有南北雨个外围关口，南边的叫南口，北边的为八达岭口(北口)，关城就设在南口北边的峡谷(关淆)中。城设南北门，南门筑有瓮城，一条困喉通道穿入南北门。关城两旁高山耸立，重因叠蟑，林木葱郁，早在800多年前的金代，就被列为燕京八景之一，称为「居庸叠翠」。

云台：在关城的中心，有一座雕刻精美的汉白玉石台，名为「云台」，建於元代至正五年(公元1 345年)，原是建筑物的台基，台上先后建有过街塔、泰安寺，现仅存星座。云台的雕刻集中在券门和券洞内。券门雨侧到有金刚杵及各种兽类浮雕，正中刻有金翅鸟王;券洞内壁有四六天王浮雕及汉、藏、回、蒙、梵、西夏6种文字所到的《陀罗尼经咒》和《造塔功德记》。券顶布满曼陀罗花及小佛像，雕刻极为精致。

建筑特点

1.呈圆周封闭形建筑形式;

2.宽窄、高低变化大，最宽16.7米，最窄1.2米。东山长城比河 居庸关长城

套长城高出370米左右。墙体内侧低，外侧高，外侧叫垛口墙，内侧叫女墙或宇墙，可以有效地抗击敌人;

3.建筑结构形式多样，是整个长城建筑的精华，在清理基址时发现有花岗岩条石垒成的，有碎石块砌成的，有砖砌的，说明它的建筑年代不同;

4.军事防御范围广，周围面积50多公顷，南北券城相距约850米左右，东山顶至西山顶直线距离1150米，防御设施有南、北券城、城楼、水门、水闸、敌楼、铺房、烽隧、角楼、炮台等。长城上的敌楼、烽燧、铺房，是古代打仗时作为掩体和士兵居住的地方，共修复了25座，这些按明代规制烧的城砖，都是靠人工、牲畜往上运送材料。高大雄伟的城楼，南北各有一座，楼为三重檐歇山式绿琉璃瓦翦边，高21米，下面城台高10米。城楼是指挥作战的中心，所以建造高大。站在楼上，可以一目了然，有利于观敌情。城台下面有券门通瓮城。瓮城即大城门外的月城，用以增强城池的防御力量。

景点

券城与南北关

南关瓮城呈马蹄形，南关主城门南北走，向上有重檐歇山城楼一座，自地面计算高31.8米，瓮城西侧有瓮城城门通往关城向南的大道，在弧形瓮城城台上设有炮台，陈列着明代古灯，外墙有垛口，内侧墙低矮无垛口。作战时可将敌人诱入瓮城，主城关闭阻其入城，再放瓮城闸门，敌人就被困在瓮城里，只能束手就擒，有“瓮中捉鳖”之意，因此得名瓮城，在瓮城之中建有一座福佑关城的关王庙。北关与南关作用相同，呈长方形的瓮城上设有炮台，瓮城城门朝向北侧，北瓮城中建有北方镇守大神真武庙，庙内供有十二生肖神，水火。

古炮

资料图片在居庸关南券城和北券城城墙之上，分别陈列5门古炮。南券城陈列“大将军铁炮”2门，长1.7米，炮口口径8厘米。“竹节铁炮”3门，长1.7米，炮口口径15厘米;北券城陈列“大将军铁炮”2门，长1.77米和1.79米，炮口口径7厘米。“竹节铁炮”3门;长为1.08米、1.5米、1.7米，炮口口径为14厘米和8厘米。明代是我国古代大炮制铸和使用最兴盛时期。元朝末年，朱元璋起义，和州人焦立向他呈献十支新式武器“火铳”。用火药发射铁弹丸，当时称为“火龙枪”。明朝建立以后，专门设有兵仗军器局，研制铸造大炮。大炮被称为“神威大将军”。在军队中，设有使用大炮的军机营。京城卫戎，长城关口要冲，配备神机营。明成祖时，下令在长城沿线安置大炮。还“佛郎机”“神枪”“铁铳”等。《明史.兵志》记载，到了明代中叶，大炮的铸造工业逐于精良，制造出的“红夷大炮”长可二丈有余，重三千斤。发之洞裂石城，声震数十里。这种炮，有照门和准星用于瞄准，射程可达500多米。在修复居庸关北关城时，发掘出土石炮弹23枚，最大直径为15厘米，铁炮弹6枚，最大直径5厘米。[1]

云台石刻

云台石刻堪称一绝，券门内两侧右壁及顶部遍刻佛像，佛像造型生动，雕刻技艺高超，六种文字的石刻经文、咒语为历史研究提供了难能可贵的资料。据专家考证，石刻造像具有典型的藏传佛教萨迦教派的特征。进入券门两壁刻四大天王像。天王身躯高大，怒目圆睁，并有厉鬼在其左右，是护持佛法，镇守国家四方的尊神。据说明朝正德年间，武宗皇帝朱厚燳微服出游，夜间骑马偷偷混出居庸关时，他的坐骑见到四大天王像，吓得不敢前行。无奈之下武宗下令用烟火把像熏黑了，才得以出关。

券门两壁四天王的空间处，有用梵、藏、八思巴、畏兀儿、西夏、汉等六种文字镌刻的《如来心经》经文、咒语、造塔功德记等，西夏文是纪录我国古代党项族语言的文字，创制于公元1036—1038年间，当时约有六千多字流行。八思巴文是元世祖忽然必烈命其帝师八思巴创立的蒙古新字。它脱胎于藏文，采用拼音的方式书写，并于公元1269年颁诏推行。以上两种文字流传时间很短便废弃不用，而保存下来的石刻文字对破译古代文字，以及研究西夏、蒙古历史都提供了非常珍贵的实物资料。

居庸关

居庸关券门顶部刻有五个曼荼罗，即五组圆形图案式佛像，佛界称其为坛场。坛场的设立有保护众佛修炼铁，防止魔众侵犯的意思。五曼荼罗的主尊佛像，由北往南依次为：释迦牟尼佛(如来佛)、阿弥陀佛(菩萨形)、阿佛(菩萨形)、金刚手菩萨、普明菩萨。其中除释迦牟尼为佛祖之外，其他四菩萨在此显现，则有四方教主的意思。五曼荼罗连同其他佛像，共197尊。

券顶两侧的斜面上，刻有十方佛，在每方佛的周围还分别刻有小佛102座，共计小佛1020座，取共千佛之意。这些小佛，是明朝正统年间，修建泰安寺(1443—1449年)时，由镇守永宁(今延庆县境)的太监谷春主持补刻的。连同十方佛下的菩萨、比丘，券项两侧部共有刻像1060尊。

券门的南北券面上，雕刻着造型独特、别具一格的一组造像，其中有大鹏、鲸鱼、龙子、童男、兽王、象王等等，佛界称其为“六拿具”。大鹏寓意慈悲鲸鱼为保护之相，龙子表示救护之意，童男骑在兽王上自然是寓意福资在天，而象王则有温驯善师的含意，券面最下端的石刻纹饰为交杵,又称羯魔杵、金刚杵。原本为古印度的一种兵器，在此为断烦恼、伏恶魔，护持佛法的法器。鉴于云台刻石造像的历史与文物价值，1961年，经国务院批准，云台刻石造像被列为第一批全国重点保护文物。

真武庙(1996年修复)

明洪熙元年(1425年)建。真武庙所祀主神为真武大帝。真武即玄武，是中国古代神话中的北方之神，道教所奉的神。相传古净乐国王的太子，生而神猛，越东海来游，遇天神授宝剑，入湖北武当山修炼，经42年而功成，白日飞升，威镇北方，号玄武君，宋代皇帝因避其祖赵玄朗名讳，改玄武为“真武”。宋真宗时尊为“镇天真武灵应圣帝君”，简称“真武帝君”。元朝时加封真武为“元圣仁威玄天上帝”，成为北方最高神。明代对真武信仰达到鼎盛。朱棣称帝后，特加封真武为“北极镇天真武玄天上帝”，并将其所谓修炼之地——武当山赐名“大岳太和山”。相传，洪武初大将军徐达北征“屡有真武灵助之”，因而在关内修建此庙。修复的庙内有道教真武神八大元帅、六丁六甲神将、水火二将和青龙、白虎等神像。

城隍庙

这组庙宇规模较大。城隍是道教所传守护城池的神。中国古代称有水的城堑为“池”，无水的城堑为“隍”。据说三千多年前的周代，除夕要祭祀八种神，其中就有城神、隍神。以后两神合二为一，就成为城池之神了。道教认为城隍是剪恶除凶、护城安民之神，能应人之求，旱时降雨，涝时转晴，以保五谷丰登，百姓安泰。

最早是三国东吴时，在安徽芜湖建城隍神庙，以供拜祭。到了唐代，祭祀城隍逐渐普遍，人们把一些在地方有功的开明人士死后奉为城隍神，希望他能继续福佑乡土，保护百姓。宋代祭祀城隍更是遍行各乡。到了明朝，明太祖元璋即位不久，就下令在都城南京修建规模宏大的城隍庙，并颁布城隍神的封号爵级，敕封京城城隍为帝，开封临濠等地的城隍为王;府级城隍为威灵公，官居二品，州级城隍为显佑伯，官居四品，并按照级别，配制服饰。另外，城隍还管领亡魂。朱元璋还为城隍组织了一套机构，设有判官和衙役，道教乘机声称“城隍老爷”有权拘捕活人到阴间，死人的阴魂也都首先到城隍庙去接受审问。新官上任必须斋戒沐浴去祭祀城隍庙后，方得进衙理事，每月初一、十五还得前往祭拜。

朱元璋如此重视城隍神是有他的目的的。朱元璋曾对大学士宋濂透露过心里话：“朕立城隍神，使人知畏，人有所畏，则不敢妄为”。说穿了，大肆鼓吹神鬼的威力，不过是震慑臣民，目的是巩固封建统治。居庸关的城隍庙建于明洪武年间(1368-1397年)。清代乾隆三十年(1765年)重修。在这里建置城隍庙除为了护佑关城外，还有约束军民的用意。这次修复是1996年，庙内塑有城隍、阎王、山神、地神等神像。

水门

居庸关地形险要两侧高山，中间一水，水道，南北方向贯穿关城。长城与河道交叉之处，建有双孔圆拱水门，水门上有闸楼，内设水闸，借此控制门内外水量。洪水季节打开闸口，泻洪，枯水季节，储备河水供关城使用。水门桥墩为南北尖状，以利于减少洪水对水门的作用力，起到了防止毁坏，延长使用时间的作用。

各位游客们：

大家好!我叫张豪乾，大家怎么称呼我呢?叫我张导就行了，很高兴我能陪同大家一起参观故宫。

北京故宫位于北京市中心，是明清两代的皇宫，故宫有称为“紫禁城”。故宫经历有明清两个朝代和24个皇帝。故宫规模宏大，西东宽750米，南北长960米，占地72万平方米，建筑积15万多平方米，有房屋1000多间，是世界历史上最大最完整的古代建筑。进了故宫的大门，你就会看见五座汉白玉石桥为什么是五座，而不是七座、八座，甚至十座呢?原来，古时候的皇帝都必须带有仁、义、礼、智、信这种特点，所以才是五座石桥的。桥上有上百根石柱，柱子上刻着无数的小狮子，那么多的小狮子，有的颔首低眉，好像是忧闷而不开心的样子，有的张牙武爪，好像是展示自己的威武。

故宫的御花园，原名宫后椀，占地一万二千平方米。以鉄安殿为中心，园林建筑采用石砖来修建，左右对称的格砖紧凑。殿东北的堆秀山上筑御景亭，每年重阳节，皇上就在此登高。

好了游客们我们在这里歇一会，休息一下，你们也可以拍下自己喜欢的景点，注意卫生和安全。

Shiyan is built and prospered by cars. It is not only the hometown ofDongfeng Motor, the automobile city known as "Oriental Detroit", but also amountain city, tourist city and ecological garden city surrounded by beautifulmountains and waters and attractive scenery in four seasons.

Shiyan has a long history and splendid culture. This is an importantbirthplace of the Chinese nation. In 1991, archaeologists excavated two completeskulls of Australopithecus in Quyuan River, Yunxian County, and named them"Yunxian people". Anthropologists believe that this discovery fills a gap in the"chain" of human development in Asia, and is listed as the first of the "top tenarchaeological discoveries in the world" at that time. Todays urban area wasnamed Shiyan in the Qing Dynasty because people dammed the Baier River and theZhihe river for irrigation. This is the birthplace of Taoism and "Wudangboxing". Wudang Taoism has a history of more than one thousand years. Wudangancient buildings have been listed in the world cultural heritage list by theUnited Nations.

Shiyan City, located in the northwest of Hubei Province, governs fivecounties, one city, two districts and one economic and Technological DevelopmentZone, namely Yun County, Yunxi County, Zhushan County, Zhuxi County, FangCounty, Zhangwan District, Maojian District, Danjiangkou City and Bailangeconomic and Technological Development Zone. Shiyan City is not only a car citybuilt, prospered and famous for cars, but also a mountain city and tourist citysurrounded by beautiful mountains and waters and charming scenery in fourseasons. It is the central city of the adjacent areas of Hubei, Henan, Sichuan,Shaanxi and Chongqing.

This is an important birthplace of the Chinese nation. In 1991,archaeologists excavated two complete skulls of Australopithecus in QuyuanRiver, Yunxian County, and named them "Yunxian people". Anthropologists believethat this discovery fills a gap in the "chain" of human development in Asia, andis listed as the first of the "top ten archaeological discoveries in the world"at that time. Shiyan City belongs to Jiao and Yong states in Shang and ZhouDynasties; Chu state in Warring States; Changli County in Hanzhong County in Qinand Han Dynasties; Xi county in Eastern Han and Wei dynasties; Yunxiang Countyin Wudang County in Tang and Song Dynasties; Yun county was established in YuanDynasty. Todays urban area was named Shiyan in the Qing Dynasty because peopledammed the Baier River and the Zhihe river for irrigation. In 1967, in order tobuild the second automobile factory (now Dongfeng Motor Company), the state setup the Shiyan office in Yunxian County. In December 1969, the State Councilapproved the establishment of Shiyan City (county-level city), and in 1973, itwas upgraded to a provincial city. In October 1994, the former Shiyan City andYunyang District merged to form a new Shiyan City. This is the birthplace ofTaoism and "Wudang boxing". Wudang Taoism has a history of more than onethousand years. Wudang ancient buildings have been listed in the world culturalheritage list by the United Nations.

There are abundant mineral resources, including more than 50 kinds ofproven mineral deposits, such as turquoise, gold, silver, stone coal, rareearth, iron, tin, vanadium, antimony, lead, zinc, marble, asbestos, barite,uranium, potassium, molybdenum and cobalt. The theoretical reserves of waterenergy resources are 5 million KW, of which 340 kW can be developed andutilized; Fangxian County is known as the "hometown of Yaner" in China for itsabundant tea and edible fungi and high quality products. There are many kinds ofmedicinal materials, producing more than 2700 kinds of medicinal materials.Among the 363 key varieties determined by the state, there are about 235 kindsof medicinal materials in our city, known as the "natural medicine bank"; Shiyanis a shining pearl on the golden tourism line of Three Gorges - Shennongjia -Wudang Mountain - Xian. There are 25 unique scenic spots in six categories allover the city. There are Wudang Mountain, the holy land of Taoism, Yunxian apeman site and dinosaur egg fossil group, Danjiangkou reservoir, the firstman-made lake in Asia, and the newly developed lake The present skeleton fossilsof ornithopods.

Shiyan is a tourist attraction. It is a bright pearl on the golden tourismline of "Three Gorges of the Yangtze River Shennongjia Gulongzhong WudangMountain Danjiangkou Reservoir ancient city Xian". There are Wudang Mountain, aTaoist Holy Land listed in the world cultural heritage list and awarded thetitle of 4A tourist area, Danjiangkou reservoir, known as Asias firstartificial lake, Yunxian ape man site, dinosaur egg fossil group and dinosauregg fossils Dinosaur skeleton fossil is a rare dinosaur hometown in the world.There are hot springs, waterfalls, Tianchi, canyons, caves, virgin forests andmodern automobile cities. Shiyan, a place with no severe cold in winter, nointense heat in summer, no strong wind in four seasons, beautiful mountains andpleasant scenery, is a treasure land of geomantic omen.

Shiyan is the source of South to north water diversion. Danjiangkoureservoir, located in Shiyan, is the water source area and water intake of theMiddle Route Project of South to north water diversion. The Middle Route Projectof South-to-North Water Diversion directly supplies water to Beijing, Tianjin,Hebei and Henan provinces, with an annual water diversion of 13 billion cubicmeters. The construction of the middle route of the south to North WaterDiversion Project will make Shiyan the "water capital of the world, Tianchi ofAsia" and bring new development opportunities to Shiyan.

Shiyan is an ecological barrier. Because of the intersection of Qinling andBashan mountains in Shiyan, it forms the geographical boundary of the climatebetween the north and the south of China. Therefore, Shiyan is an ecologicalregulator and the ecological heart of China.

大家好!欢迎来到壮观—长城，很高兴可以成为今天的导游。

大家看这一座长城共有一万三千多里，共越过9个省市。它还特别的高大坚固，它还像很宽的马路，五六匹马都可以并行呢!远看长城像一条巨龙蜿蜒盘旋在八达岭上。

关于长城还有一个传说—那就是《孟姜女哭长城》，那里面讲的是：范杞梁和孟姜女正在拜堂的时候突然官兵来了把范杞梁抓去去修建长城了，孟姜女等了一年都没有等到丈夫回来，孟姜女很是担心。他就决定要去找丈夫，那天她拿着吃的和御寒衣去长城上找丈夫，“范杞梁”孟姜女大声的喊道。有一个人说：“肯定是饿死了!”因为秦始皇都把死了的青年埋到了长城底下，所以孟姜女怎么也找不到自己丈夫的尸体，然后就大哭起来，上天被感动了就把长城震塌了，让孟姜女找到了自己丈夫的尸体。

当然这只是一个传说。这个长城是秦始皇修筑的，当今长城还完好无损因为秦朝灭亡以后还有很多的朝代一直在修筑。所以当今的长城才屹立不倒。修建长城需要转世5000万立方米，土方一亿五千万立方米，共需要数十万及百万多的人。

大家看这突出来的部分就是“垛子”，没有突出的部分就是“瞭望口”底下一个个小小的方块就是“射口”。还每隔300多米的地方就有一个城台又称“烽火台”烽火台是用来支援用的，如果点着了第一个烽火台下他的烽火台上面也地点着一直到很远的地方，那个地方的援兵见到了就会立刻赶往这里支援。

好了大家可以尽情玩了，哦!对了大家一定要注意安全哟!不要往长城上乱涂乱画，一会我们在长城口上集合。祝福大家今天快乐的度过!

大家好我是石导游，今天我们去的是长城。

长城是世界七大奇迹之一。远看长城像一条长龙，在嵩山峻岭之间蜿蜒盘旋。

每隔三百多米就有一座方形的城台，是屯兵的堡垒。打仗的时候，城台之间可以互相呼应。

站在长城上，踏着脚下的方砖，扶着墙上的条石，很自然地想起古代修筑长城的劳动人民来。单看这数不清的条石，一快有两三千斤重，那时候没有火车、汽车、没有起重机，就靠着无数的肩膀无数的手，一步一步地抬上这陡峭的山岭。多少劳动人民的血汗和智慧，游客们!现在我们已经开始顺势走下长城。游客们!踏着这方砖，才凝结成这前不见头、后不见尾的万里长城。

这样气魄雄伟的工程，在世界历史上是一个伟大的奇迹，这就是万里长城。

In the north of China, there lies a 6, 700-kilometer-long (4, 161-mile-long) ancient wall. Now well-known as the Great Wall of China, it starts at the Jiayuguan Pass of Gansu Province in the west and ends at the Shanhaiguan Pass of Hebei Province in the east. As one of the Eight Wonders in the world, the Great Wall of China has become the symbol of the Chinese nation and its culture. Lots of beautiful legends and stories about the Great Wall took place following along the construction, and since that time these stories have spread around the country.

Those that happened during construction are abundant, such as Meng Jiangnu‘s story and the legend of the Jiayuguan Pass. Meng Jiangnu‘s story is the most famous and widely spread of all the legends about the Great Wall. The story happened during the Qin Dynasty (221BC- 206BC). It tells of how Meng Jiangnu‘s bitter weeping made a section of the Great Wall collapse. Meng Jiangnu‘s husband Fan Qiliang was caught by federal officials and sent to build the Great Wall. Meng Jiangnu heard nothing from him after his departure, so she set out to look for him. Unfortunately, by the time she reached the great wall, she discovered that her husband had already died. Hearing the bad news, she cried her heart out. Her howl caused the collapse of a part of the Great Wall. This story indicates that the Great Wall is the production of tens of thousands of Chinese commoners. Another legend about the Jiayuguan Pass tells of a workman named Yi Kaizhan in the Ming Dynasty (1368BC-1644BC) who was proficient in arithmetic. He calculated that it would need 99, 999 bricks to build the Jiayuguan Pass. The supervisor did not believe him and said if they miscalculated by even one brick, then all the workmen would be punished to do hard work for three years. After the completion of the project, one brick was left behind the Xiwong city gate.

The supervisor was happy at the sight of the brick and ready to punish them. However Yi Kaizhan said with deliberation that the brick was put there by a supernatural being to fix the wall. A tiny move would cause the collapse of the wall. Therefore the brick was kept there and never moved. It can still be found there today on the tower of the Jiayuguan Pass.

大家好！很荣幸能和诸位一起畅游长江三峡，我是你们的导游，非常高兴能为大家服务。祝愿大家玩得尽兴，福寿安康。

余秋雨先生曾经写到，中国有意思的地方很多，但如果只能选择一个，我会回答三峡。

而我们说到三峡，就不得不提到长江。人类伟大的文明往往源自于伟大的河流，如尼罗河之于埃及，如恒河之于印度，如长江之于华夏，但是其他的大河往往是由数个国家分享，唯有长江独属中华。长江是世界第三长河，全长6300多公里，起源于唐古拉山，流经11个省，市，自治区，最后汇入东海。习惯上，我们把长江分为三段：上游是从源头至湖北宜昌三峡出口的南津关;中游由南津关至江西湖口;湖口到长江入海口则是下游。我们游览的三峡是长江上游的精华部分，西起重庆奉节白帝城，东至南津关，由瞿塘峡，巫峡，西陵峡及其间的宽谷地段组成，全长193公里。

长江三峡三段峡谷各有特色，首先就是以“雄”著称的瞿塘峡。瞿塘峡又叫夔峡，起于白帝城，止于重庆巫山县大溪镇，全长8公里。它是三峡中最短又最雄伟险峻的一个峡，在两端入口处，两岸断崖壁立，相距不足一百公尺，形如门户，故名夔门，也称瞿塘峡关，山岩上有“夔门天下雄”五个大字。左边的名赤甲山，右边的名白盐山，不论天气如何，总是迂出一层层或明或暗的银辉。瞿塘峡虽短，却能“镇渝川之水，扼巴鄂咽喉”。古人形容瞿塘峡说，“案与天关接，舟从地窟行”。我们现在流通的10元人民币的背面就是夔门。

瞿塘峡之后是巫峡，又称大峡，由重庆巫山大宁河口至湖北巴东县的关渡口，全长45公里，是长江三峡中最长的峡谷，巫峡绮丽幽深，以“秀“著称天下。它峡长谷深，奇峰突兀，层峦叠嶂，云腾雾绕，江流曲折，百转千回，船行其间，宛若进入奇丽的画廊，充满诗情画意与惊险刺激。“放舟下巫峡，心在十二峰。”巫峡两岸以十二峰为景观之最，其中又以神女峰最为著名俏丽。楚国宋玉曾用“旦为朝云，暮为行雨，朝朝暮暮，阳台之下”来形容神女楚王两情缱绻，不过我个人更喜欢舒婷对神女峰的描述：“与其在悬崖上展览千年，不如在爱人肩头痛哭一晚。”

三峡中最后一个峡就是西陵峡了，它西起湖北秭归的香溪口，东止宜昌的南津关，全长66公里，因为中间有宽谷相间，所以不是最长的峡。西陵历史曾经上以险闻名，航道曲折、怪石林立、滩多水急、行舟惊险。但如今高峡出平湖，西陵峡的大部分已经成为三峡工程的平湖库区，行船舒适平缓，风景美丽依旧。举世瞩目的三峡工程是目前世界上最大的水利工程，也是人类建筑史上的奇迹，也许以后我们的后辈看到三峡，就像今天的我们看到长城。

三峡自古以来就是巴蜀黔连接东部地区的主要水道，我们脚下这条的悠长的河流，流经神州1/5的大地，流经中国5000年的历史，巴人祖先乘咸鸟古舟往来其上贩盐，三国之际有刘玄德白帝托孤，诗仙李太白也曾“两岸猿声啼不住，轻舟已过万重山”，在抗日救亡之际，更有大量的人才物资设备逆流而上，到重庆兴建陪都，挽我华夏气数。

三峡两岸，有无数的人文痕迹，是各民族生长之地。长江三峡之旅，不仅仅是风景之旅，风情之旅，更是历史之旅，文化之旅。滔滔江水，英雄已逝，巍巍三峡，千载如斯。

每次到了三峡，我都觉得自己非常的幸运，能沿着先人的足迹，沿着我们文明的血脉，感受这伟大的奇观。今天更加荣幸之至的是，能有机会和大家一起感受，一起游览。尊敬的各位旅客，那让我们开始这段奇妙的长江三峡之旅吧。

各位朋友：

大家好，欢迎大家来到泉城济南!您在此停留期间将由我来做为您的陪同，希望您能喜欢我的讲解，我将尽我所能回答您提出的问题。今天我们要去的地方就是济南三大名胜之一的大明湖。

泉城明珠大明湖位于济南市中心偏东北处，公园面积86公顷(1290亩)，其中湖面46公顷(697.5余亩)，约占总面积的53%，1958年辟为公园，湖水来源于城内的珍珠泉、芙蓉泉、王府池等诸泉，水源充足，有“众泉汇流”之说，平均水深2米，最深处约4米，是繁华都市中一处难得的天然湖泊。(大明湖的湖底是不透水的火成岩，由于地势低洼，汇聚来的泉水不能下泄，在此就成了天然湖泊)

古代的时候大明湖比现在大几十倍，它的名字也几经变更，早在北魏年间，著名地理学家郦道元>书中记载：“泺水北流为大明湖，西即大明寺。寺东北两面则湖。”其位臵在今天五龙潭一带。另有史料记载，那时的大明湖南至濯缨湖，北至鹊山和华不注山，也就是说现在的大明湖、五龙潭和北园是相连的一个大湖，湖阔数十里。元朝时，因湖内多生莲荷，曾名“莲子湖”;唐时又名“历水波”，宋代称“西湖”。宋时著名文学家曾巩曾有诗道：“问吾何处避炎蒸，十顷西湖照眼明”。可知当时此处已是消暑游憩之地。北宋熙宁五年(公元1072年)，曾巩任齐州(今济南)知州时，为防御水患，修建了北水门，引湖水入小清河，使得湖水经年水位恒定，并在沿湖修建了亭、台、堤、桥，使之渐成游览景观。至金代，诗人元好问在>中始称大明湖，沿袭至今。明代重修城墙，大明湖遂初成今日形貌。

好了，前方这座古朴端庄的仿古建筑就是大明湖的[东门]了，大明湖公园有三个门，东门于1985年9月落成，门上的题字是当代书法家――舒同题写的，让我们一起进去吧。大家一定看到了，迎门的就是环列的假山，这在中国园林艺术中叫做“开门见山”，与这个成语的意思恰恰相反，中国园林讲究迂回曲折，借助花木山石的掩映，增强园林的层次感和储蓄美，陆游名句“山重水复疑无路，柳暗花明又一村”就是这种意境的生动写照。古人说“曲径通幽”，我们顺着这条小路往前走，就会看到风光旖旎的大明湖象一幅巨大的画卷一样徐徐展现在我们的面前。

大家好：

欢迎大家来到镇江，我是你们本次旅游的导游，我姓王，大家叫我小王就行了。镇江的旅游景点有很多，而我们本次的目的地是位于镇江城西的西津渡。西津渡古街是镇江文物古迹保存最多、最集中、最完好的地区，是镇江历史文化名城的“文脉”所在。

西津渡古街全长约 1000 米 ，始创于六朝时期，历经唐宋元明清五个朝代的建设，留下了如今的规模，因此，整条街随处可见六朝至清代的历史踪迹。西津渡，三国时叫“蒜山渡”，唐代曾名“金陵渡”，宋代以后才称为“西津渡”。千百年来，发生在这里的重要战事有数百次之多。西津古渡依山临江，风景峻秀，李白、孟浩然、张祜、王安石、苏轼、米芾、陆游、马可 · 波罗等都曾在此候船或登岸，并留下了许多为后人传诵的诗篇。著名的《泊船瓜洲》就是王安石从西津渡扬舟北去，舟次瓜洲时写下的。

英籍华人女作家韩素音置身西津渡古街时，也不由发自内心地连声赞叹说：“漫步在这条古朴典雅的古街道上，仿佛是在一座天然历史博物馆内散步。这里才是镇江旅游的真正金矿。” 中国文物学会会长 罗哲文 先生更是把这里誉为“中国古渡博物馆”。这就是我们镇江的古迹。

接下来，大家在这里自由的参观一下，我们3点钟在门口集合。解散!

Badaling Great Wall history called the world nine fill one, is the essence of the Great Wall, the Ming Great Wall, alone representation. Badaling Great Wall is the first of the Great Wall to tourist location, badaling scenic spot to the Great Wall at badaling is given priority to, build the badaling hotel, the week theaters and title of Chinas Great Wall museum by President jiang zemin and other full-featured modern tourist service facilities. Badaling scenic spot to its magnificent landscape, perfect facilities is famous in the world and the profound connotation of culture and history.

Badaling geographical environment is superior, since the ancient times is the gateway to shanxi, Inner Mongolia, zhangjiakou traffic arteries. Open to traffic in 98, the badaling expressway, the traffic is very convenient. And the annual mean temperature in badaling more than 3 ℃, lower than the Beijing become the leader of "shall" yanqing tourist.

Badaling Great Wall in yanqing county of Beijing. One is the Great Walls pass. Its GuanCheng is narrow east west wide trapezoid, built during Ming hongzhi 18 years (in 1505), chopped jiajing and wanli period used. Something second east GuanCheng MenE topic "house agent outside the town," carved in the eighteenth year of jiajing (1539); Simon frontal topic "north gate lock-and-key", engraved Yu Wanli ten years (1582). Both doors to the masonry structure, coupons hole as a platform, on the north and south of Chinese Taiwan have their own channels, connection GuanCheng walls, and the stage build by laying bricks or stones around the crenel. Beijing chang road through from the gate, for the throat to Beijing. From the left and right sides of the "north gate lock-and-key" gate tower, the ups and downs, twists and turns of the Great Wall. The Great Wall is 6700 km, is one of the greatness of ancient buildings in the world.

North 8 building is badaling Great Walls highest building, up to 888.9 meters, the building also has distinguishing feature very much. Originally can also be mounted watchtowers view mountain at the scene, but the sealing stair-door to protect cultural relics.

From GuanCheng ChengTai south peak to peak south 4th floor, the walls 685.8 meters long, 142.4 meters height, especially between 3 floor to 4th floor, south south, ridge, narrow, steep the Great Wall it lists more than 400 meters. City top ZuiXian, slope of about 70 degrees, is almost straight on straight down. 1 / f, south and south 2nd floor, all have no repair on the second floor, from the south 3rd floor pillar remaining development, originally also has a room.

South peak highest, 4 / f, south of the Great Wall is 803.6 meters above sea level. Floor overlooking, the Great Wall from southwest to northeast winds on the ridge, like a black dragon, grand magnificent. Make people couldnt help think of the Great Wall of Chinas famous expert Mr Luo xus poems when board the badaling Great Wall; Feng, green jade the commonplace and mountain north shannan peak everywhere. Lock-and-key northward for risk, and a half long zai majestic mountains. From the south to south 7, 4 / f floor, highly gradually decline. South and south between the 6th floor 5 floor on the Great Wall on the ridge of the medial wall from 30 meters, a small white stood on a pavilion, which is in June 1987 completion of memorial pavilion ", "guizhou province repair the Great Wall. South 6th floor shop is a room, the shop is constructed on the top of the upper, the width between the three, the top of the mountain, red pillars, grey tile, small and exquisite. This is probably the "thousand total" command post.

大家好!欢迎你们到绍兴鲁迅故里来游玩，我是你们的导游，你们能够称我阮导或者称我涛涛，十分高兴能为大家服务，期望我们能够交成朋友，我先带你们去鲁迅故里的景点。

鲁迅故里为于绍兴市区都昌坊口，它后通咸欢河，鲁迅故里坐北朝南!!

走近鲁迅故里，踩着石板路，看着青瓦粉墙，砖木结构和雕花的古木窗，大家就会问这房子有多少年代。这鲁迅故里是周家祖上的台门，有二百多年的历史了，是周家的祖上，他们从湖南搬到绍兴来的，他们保存完好无损。它是保存比较完好的清代建筑之一。沿着石板路，看到以前的书房、天井、古井、灶间，都显得十分古朴，大家会感到自我也在鲁迅那时候。

沿着长廊，向后走去，豁然开朗，看到一个很大的院子，那就是鲁迅小时候玩耍的地方———百草园。虽然那里没有奇花异草，但是它是鲁迅小时候童年的乐园。 这就是鲁迅故里大致的景观，他的古朴、典雅、文化气息，吸引着中外游客。

长城导游词

大家好!欢迎大家来到世界遗产——长城

远处看长城，像一条长龙。大家知道长城为什么叫“长城”吗?让我来告诉你吧。因为长城很长，从东头的山海关到西头的嘉峪关，有一万三千多里，所以才叫长城。

长城离北京不远，不过一百多里来到长城脚下。看，在崇山峻岭之间蜿蜒盘旋的长长的建筑物，那就是长城。这段修筑在八达岭上，高大坚固，长城由条石和城砖筑成的。大家请看这就是城墙顶，它十分平整，像很宽的马路，五六匹马可以并行。大家看，这就是城墙外沿的垛子，垛子可以瞭望射击用。大家看，这是屯兵的堡垒。打仗的时候，城台可以互相呼应。

现在可以自由活动，但不能在长城留下你的痕迹。我们现在站在长城上，踏着脚下的方砖，扶着墙上的条石。这是古代修筑的，那时没有火车、汽车，没有起重机，就靠无数的双手，一步步地抬上八达岭。许多劳动人民的血汗和智慧，才凝结成这个前不见头后不见尾的万里长城。

这样气魄雄伟的工程，在世界历史上是一个伟大的奇迹。

电梯上行各位来宾：大家好!欢迎各位乘坐世界最高的全暴露户外观光电梯——百龙电梯。我是电梯讲解员，很高兴为您服务!

百龙电梯运行高度326米。由154米山体内坚井和172米的地上钢结构井架给成，并以3M/S的速度匀速运行。因此，大家的行程只需1分58秒。目前大家正处于竖井部分，如果有耳鸣的现象产生，您可以通过打哈欠或张开嘴来减轻这种负担，有点恐高的朋友可以稍微站后面一点。

现在出现在大家面前的座座石峰拔地而起，如同士兵列队一般。这儿就是张家界的著名景点之一——神兵聚会。相传土家族的起义领袖向王天子在此召集48位部将商讨军事而得名。因此也有人把这称为四十八将这岩。

随着电梯的往上运行，大家还能发现对面山顶上居住得有人家。他们都是当地的居民。世世代代在那儿耕种生活。因此也称为空中田园。

各位来宾，电梯已经到站了。请您拿好随身物品。依次下电梯，祝您旅行愉快，再见!

鲁迅故居出来，东行数百步，往南走过一座石板桥，从一扇黑漆竹丝门进去，就到了鲁迅少年时代读书的地方——三味书屋。三味书屋是清末绍兴城里很有名的私塾，它坐东朝西，原是寿家书房，鲁迅12岁开始到这儿读书，五年多的学习生涯，使他受益匪浅，积累了丰富的文化知识，为日后从事文学创作打下了非常坚实的基矗。

书屋正中悬挂着三味书屋的匾额，两边柱子上有一副抱对：至乐无声唯孝悌；太羹有味是诗书。都是清朝著名书法家梁同书所写。何为三味，根据寿镜吾先生的儿子回忆：读经味如稻粱，读史味如肴馔，诸子百家，味如醯醢。其中醯醢是调味品。匾额下挂着一幅《松鹿图》，学生每天上学要先对着匾和图行礼，然后才开始读书。

当时私塾的教学，老师是坐在中间的这张方桌边上的高背椅子上，两旁的椅子则是供来宾歇坐。学生的课桌是自备的，所以看上去参差不一。鲁迅的座位在书屋的东北角，这张硬木书桌和椅子是当年鲁迅使用过的原物。我们现在还可以看到当年鲁迅在桌子右下角亲手刻下的早字。关于这个早字，这里面还有一个小故事。有一次鲁迅因家中有事，上学迟到了，受到先生的严厉批评，他为了提醒自己，就在书桌上刻下一个早字，勉励和告诫自己今后不可再迟到。

三味书屋的老师名叫寿镜吾，这是他的画像。鲁迅评价他是极方正、质朴、博学的人。寿老先生品行端正，性格耿直，终身以坐馆授徒为业，他的为人和治学态度给鲁迅留下很深的印象，对鲁迅产生很大的影响。

三味书屋后面有一个小园子，园内种有两株桂花和一株腊梅，当年鲁迅和小伙伴常在这一方小天地里玩抓蟋蟀、找脱壳的蝉蜕，看蚂蚁背苍蝇等游戏。

天津独乐寺英文导游词

Temple of Solitary Joy is located at inside west city gate of Ji County, Tianjin City. It is known for its refined architecture skill in Channels ancient buildings and has got the reputation of Six Best. These are: The earliest Dingshan Gate （Gate of Withstanding Hill） of the ground hall preserved now; The earliest Chiwei object on the Hill Gate preserved now; The earliest plane distribution which took pavilion as the center on the architecture plane; The biggest clay sculptured statue of Avalokiteavara inside a pavilion in China; The Avalokiteavara is also the most ancient high storeyed one; The more precious fact is that the Temple of Solitary Joy has stood unscathed after thousand years of rain, snow, wind and frost and 28 big attacks, hence the most durable ancient Monastery of thousand years.

Entering the Temple , the first comes to sight is 10 m high gate, on the arch of which there hangs a horizontal inscribed board: Temple of Solitary Joy. The single eaves ground hall roof was the roof building form during the western Tsin （AD265-316） and Southern and Northern Dyansty （420-589） period, which was called Siadading in ancient time and now it is called big roof. On the two ends of the plane ridge, there are inward Chiweis. Chi denoted sparrow hawk in ancient time, which is a kind of fierce bird. The stand base of the gate is comparatively low, but the hall pinnacle is much higher above eaves and the pottery animal figures look sturdy; solemn and sturdy. There is no ceiling inside the pinnacle, therefor the painted beam and purlieus are visible. The whole piece is exquisitely wrought, simple arranged and skillfully done, for which people gasp in administration.

Crossing the gate, one comes to the core building - Avalokitesvara Pavilion, 23 m in height. Form outside appearance, it is two storeyed, but inside there is a hidden storey, thus three storeyed in fact. On the eaves corners, pottery unicorns are sculptured, on which little Buddha statues ride. Copper bells are hung under eaves corners, swaying with the wind, a specially refined scene. The most attractive thing is the structure of Dougong （sets of brackets on top of the columns supporting the beams within and roof eaves without——each set consisting of tiers of outstretching arms called Gong, cushioned with trapezoidal blocks called Dou）. It is made of overlapping Dougong shaped wood blocks and bow shaped horizontal wood bars by adopting 24 forms with each layer stretching out as bracket, big in upper part and small in lower part, thinly scattered, steady and sturdy. It makes eaves of the pavilion look like flying, far and deep in the sky, a beautiful and magnificent view.

Entering the Avalokitesvara Pavilion, the very sight is a huge standing Avalokitesvara Statue. If one stands by it, his height is only up to her ankle. The Statue, 16.27 m in height, is the biggest clay sculpture of Avalokitesvara in China. Two statues of attendant Bodhisattvas under the knee of Avalokitesvara are also 3 m in height. On the crown of the head of Avalokitesvara, there are 10 small Avalokitesvares heads, hence it is called 11 faces Avalokitesvara. Reviewing around the inner part of the pavilion, one can discover that pillars of high and low storeys are not directly linked through, but the pillars of the upper storey are inserted into the arch head of that of lower storey. The upper storey of the pavilion is in a form of six corners empty well, while the lower storey is in a form of square empty well. This kind of structure is not only beautiful and strong, but also adds the space of the upper part of Budha statues. On the four walls inside the pavilion, colorful murals are painted, the theme of which is the images of 16 Arhats and 2 Ming Dynasty Emperors, which are the earliest subjects of Buddhism. On he murals, 2 m high Arhats with 3 heads and 4 arms are extremely lifelike and Ming Emperors on the four walls are full of power and grandeur. On the upper part of the murals, there are mountains, forest, cloud and river, while on the lower part, there are paintings of secular themes with vivid and natural lines, which embody the superb the skill and arts of painting of ancient Buddhism in China.

各位游客：

大家好!欢迎大家到八达岭景区观光旅游。今天有幸陪同大家一起参观，我很高兴，望各能在八达岭度过一段美好的时光。

长城是世界闻名的奇迹之一，它像一条巨龙盘踞在中国北方的辽阔的土地上。它是中国古代劳动人民血法的结晶，也是中国古代文化的象征和中华民族的骄傲。

从关城城台到南峰的最高处南4楼，城墙长685.8米，高度上升142.4米，特别是南3楼至南4楼之间，山脊狭窄，山势陡峭，长城逶迤400多米。城顶最险处，坡度约为70度，几乎是直上直下。南1楼和南2楼，都没有修复二层，从南3楼遗存的柱础看，原来也有铺房。

南峰长城以南4楼地势最高，海拔803.6米。登楼眺望，长城自西南向东北蜿蜓于山脊之上，宛如苍龙，宏伟壮观。使人不由得想起我国着名的长城专家罗哲文先生登临八达岭长城时咏的诗;千峰叠翠拥居庸，山北山南处处峰。锁钥北门天设险，半哉峻岭走长龙。从南4楼到南7楼，高度逐渐下降。南5楼与南6楼之间在长城的内侧距城墙30米的山脊上，耸立着一座白色的小亭，这就是1987年6月落成的“贵州省修复长城纪念碑亭”。南6楼是一座铺房，铺房建在上层的顶上，面阔三间，硬山顶，红柱子，灰色瓦，小巧玲珑。这大概是当年“千总”的指挥所。

今天的长城，早已失去军事价值，而以其特有的魅力，吸引着广大中外游客，成为举世闻名的旅游胜地。随着旅游业的发展，长城这一中华民族的象征，全世界重要的文化遗产，会焕发出新的生机。以更优质的旅游服务、更优美的旅游环境迎接着大家的到来!

今天我们去了一个地方，那个地方很有名，只要到广州旅游的外国人都会去那个地方，那里景色美丽，还有五只可爱的羊，你们知道是什么地方吗?它就是越秀公园。

我们国际班的同学们来到越秀公园参观，我一进门就看见很多游人，沿着右边的大道往前走，我又看见一个湖，湖水绿绿的，走近一看，哇，湖水里有好多鱼呢!有的鱼是黑色的，有的鱼是黄色的，有的鱼是白色的，还有的鱼身上的颜色五彩缤纷，这些鱼可真漂亮!

我的越南同学黄玉享去旁边的.小亭子买东西，我觉得他应该是买食物给鱼吃，可我搞错了，他只是买给自己吃。我觉得他好自私。我决定去买食物给鱼吃，黄玉享像跟屁虫一样跟着我去买鱼，澳洲的池立弘也跟我去了，他有点小气，他看见喝的东西就说：‘‘这么贵啊!这里好坑钱啊!’’

我买了两包鱼食，给了洪老师一包，我留下了一包，后来我觉得那鱼食太臭了，所以给了澳洲同学瑞吉，瑞吉给了泰国同学芳芳一点，又给了莫桑比克同学玛丽娜一点，秦老师在给那些鱼拍照，我也观察起那些鱼：有些鱼个头很小，有些鱼很胖，像四个大肉包连在一起。我正看得起劲，听见有人说“走了，走了，我们继续去游览越秀公园。”

我们沿着山路往上走，我又看见一些女的老人们又玩又跳，她们拿一个像羽毛球拍的拍子，把一个像棒球的球放在中间，她们小心的拿着这个拍子，随着音乐节奏跳舞，有一个老人不小心把球丢了，她就再也不跳了，我觉得她心里想：“那么多人看我把球丢掉，真丢人。”

我们终于爬到了越秀山的山顶，哇，山顶上好多游客啊!洪老师让我们在一个指路的地方拍照，我觉得没有什么好拍的，我真的无语了。拍完照片，我们去观察五只羊，五只羊有不同的表情，最大的一只，它是站起来的，嘴巴叼着麦穗，像羊爸爸;还有一只羊站在羊爸爸的旁边往后看，她的腿旁边还有一只小羊宝贝在喝她的奶，我觉得她是羊妈妈。还有两只羊，一只羊像哥哥，一只羊像弟弟，哥哥在吃草，弟弟好像在跟哥哥说：“不要吃了，陪我一起玩吧，我很无聊。”

五只羊像是一家人，她们一起给广州带来了好运。

我喜欢越秀公园，希望下次还能去游玩。