北京历史博物馆解说词通用20篇

2019年5篇北京清华大学的导游词

清华大学的前身清华学堂始建于1920xx年，校名“清华”源于校址“清华园”地名，是清政府设立的留美预备学校，其建校的资金源于1920xx年美国退还的部分庚子赔款。1920xx年更名为清华学校。1920xx年更名为国立清华大学。1937年抗日战争全面爆发后南迁长沙，与国立北京大学、私立南开大学组建国立长沙临时大学，1938年迁至昆明改名为国立西南联合大学。1946年迁回清华园。1949年中华人民共和国成立，清华大学进入新的发展阶段。1952年全国高等学校院系调整后成为多科性工业大学。1978年以来逐步恢复和发展为综合性的研究型大学。下面是小编收集整理的20xx年5篇北京清华大学的导游词范文，欢迎借鉴参考。

20xx年5篇北京清华大学的导游词(一)

各位游客们大家好，我是您们的导游小北，今天我们参观的中国最著名学府之一—清华大学

华大学创办于1920xx年，是中国最著名的大学，也是全中国大学的典范，很多人都会来这瞻仰一下最高学府的样子。清华校园曾是皇家园林，亭台楼榭与湖水树林相映，环境非常优美，园中的建筑大多中西合璧，显得高贵典雅。

清华大学的主要景观位于西门附近，不过近几年为了保证校园学生学习秩序，西门附近进行了进入管制。游客从西门进入需要按照开放时间，持身份证排队登记，然后进入。除西门之外，东门、北门等几个校门一般全天开放，个人参观可以随时进入，从东门、北门进入也可以游览整个校园，但需要步行约1.5公里左右到达西门附近的景观区，而且这个开放并非官方同意，在监管较严时也会出现无法进入的情况。仅游览西门部分的主要景观再从西门离开，仅需步行约2公里，走走看看1小时即可。清华整个的校园较大，长宽都有两公里左右，若要到校园其他地方逛逛则需3小时左右甚至更久。

清华校园内的主要景点有近春园、水木清华、大礼堂、清华学堂、二校门等，可以从西门进入后顺时针一一参观。

近春园是原来皇家园林的中心地带，有湖水、小亭和葱郁的树木，环境清幽。小湖里面种满了荷花，每到夏季开放，十分漂亮。这个荷塘也正是朱自清《荷塘月色》中所描写的荷塘，可以好好观赏一下。

水木清华、大礼堂和清华学堂是清华园里最著名的三座建筑。水木清华建于湖水旁边，是一座古色古香的中式建筑。大礼堂的建筑则是西式的圆顶红墙，在大礼堂旁边还有一片大草坪，草坪和大礼堂的合影也是清华形象的代表之一。清华学堂是一座别致的二层小楼，是清华大学的第一批校舍，有灰色的墙砖、白色的立柱，中西合璧，建筑非常优雅。 二校门位于清华学堂的南侧，这座乳白色圆拱式校门的照片流传甚广，是清华最为著名的景点，也是清华的代表形象，绝大多数游客都会在此留影纪念。

位于这些主要景点区域的东侧是清华的主要教学区、研究所和生活区，若有兴趣可以前去参观一下，感受最高学府的学术气息，不过要注意不要打扰到学生们的生活和学习。校园较大，还有些人在校内提供自行车出租服务，一般每小时10-20元左右，需要押一定的押金或押身份证。不过这些服务均属于私自开设，并非官方提供的正规服务，不推荐选用。

20xx年5篇北京清华大学的导游词(二)

清华大学是一所历史非常悠久的学校，它所在的地区是北京西北郊的名胜园林区，最早在明朝的时候，这里是一个私家园林。清朝时，这里是圆明园的一部分，叫做熙春园，是康熙皇帝的行宫。道光年间，道光皇帝把熙春园分为两部分，西边的一部分取名为近春园，东边的一部分仍旧叫做熙春园。后来咸丰皇帝即位，将熙春园改名为清华园。这就是“清华园”这个名字的最早由来了。

而要说到清华大学的建立，则是和一起重大的国耻事件——八国联军侵华相联系的，所以老一代的清华人都把我们的学校称之为“国耻纪念碑”.

1920xx年，八国联军侵华，清政府惨败，于1920xx年与八国列强签订了丧权辱国的《辛丑条约》，条约中规定清政府必须向列强赔款白银4.5亿两，分39年还清，本息加在一起为9.8亿两。当时的美国政府分得了3200万两，折合美元为2400万元。

后来美国政府觉得赔款“实属过多”,所以决定拿出赔款的1/2在中国培养留美学生。1920xx年，中美两国政府达成协议，决定成立留美预备学校，校址选在清华园，经兼管学部和外交部的军机大臣叶赫那拉氏那桐批准，于1920xx年开始兴建校舍，1920xx年，第一批校舍建成，1920xx年4月29号学校开学，取名为清华学堂，这就是清华大学最早的历史纪元了。 辛亥革命后，清华学堂改名为清华学校

，校园占地约450亩，全校师生只有1000多人。直到1920xx年，清华学校才开始招收大学本科生，当时设了留美预备部、大学部、国学研究院三个部门，开始由一所留美预备学校逐步向完全的综合性大学过渡。1920xx年成立“国立清华大学”,清华大学开始得到长足的发展，1920xx年，清华大学最后一班留美预备生毕业，结束了我们的留美预备学校的历史。 1931到1937年是清华大学的蓬勃发展时期，当时梅贻琦任校长，开始广聘名师，实行名主治校，而且还建立起来了在我国工程教育史上有重要意义的清华工学院。这一时期被清华人称为“黄金时期”.

但是很不幸的是，1937年，抗日战争爆发，当时的北平非常不平静，很多大学开始南迁，清华大学首先南迁长沙，成立长沙临时大学，后来又迁到昆明，与北京大学、天津南开大学联合组成“国立西南联合大学”.抗日战争持续了8年，西南联大也坚持了8年

当时的条件非常艰苦，但是正是在这样的艰苦条件下，却是清华历史上出人才最多的时期之一，如最早获诺贝尔奖的物理学家杨政宁、李政道，中国“两弹元勋”邓稼先，都是毕业于西南联大时期;著名的民主人士闻一多、吴晗等，都在西南联大任教。当时西南联大的校训是“刚毅坚卓”,正是这四个字鼓励清华的学生们克服重重困难，不断进取。 抗日战争胜利后，1946年，清华大学才迁回清华园复校，当时只设了文、法、理、工、农等5个学院，共26个系。1952年，全国高校进行院系调整，清华大学响应国家发展工业的号召，调出文、法、理、农四个学院，其中文科基本上都并入了北京大学和人民大学，理科并入了北京大学，其他的院系则成立了一些新的学校，比如现在的北京农业大学

就是我们的农学院分出成立的，还有总理温母校中国地质大学，就是当时清华大学地质系分出后成立的，还有因为神州五号升空而名声大噪的北京航空航天大学，也是当时我们的航空航天系分出成立的。当时的清华大学，只留下了工学院，为国家培养了一大批工程技术人才，被称为“工程师的摇篮”.

1978年以来，清华大学进入了一个蓬勃发展的时期，逐步恢复了理科、文科、经济和管理类学科，并成立了研究生院和继续教育学院，1999年，原中央工艺美术学院并入，成立清华大学美术学院，20xx年，在教育部批准下，我校成立了医学院，20xx年4月成立新闻与传播学院，20xx年5月18日，清华大学恢复了航空与航天系，并将他扩大为航空与航天学院，它的首任院长是神州五号的总设计师，清华大学1952级校友王永志先生。

清华大学发展到现在已经有了13个学院，53个系，成为了一所具有文、法、理、工、医、经济、管理、航空和艺术等学科的综合性大学。今天的清华大学面临着前所未有的历史机遇，全体师生员工的奋斗目标是：到20xx年百年校庆之时，争取把清华大学建设成为具有中国特色的“综合性、研究型、开放式”的世界一流大学。

(在荒岛)我们现在所在的地方叫做近春园遗址公园，“近”是远近的近，“春”是春天的春。公元1860年，英法联军侵入北京，火烧圆明园，近春园也遭到严重破坏。到同治年间，同治皇帝想重修圆明园，因此拆除了近春园的所有残存建筑

最后因为种种原因圆明园没有修成，而近春园的所有建筑材料也不知去向，从此沦为“荒岛”达100余年。现在一提到荒岛，清华人都知道是这个地 方。直到1979年，学校才决定彻底改造荒岛，在岛上种植草坪，修建假山、亭子。经过几年的改造，荒岛终于成了现在这处具有历史和文化气息的胜迹。

现在树立在我们面前的是我国儒家学派创始人——孔子的雕像。孔子是春秋末期的思想家、政治家和教育家，他提出了很多著名的治学思想，如我们所熟悉的有“学而不思则罔、思而不学则怠，”“温故而知新”等。

这尊孔子塑像是清华的一位毕业生专门从孔子的故乡山东曲府运过来的，它的寓意就是希望清华的学生们不要忘记传统的儒家思想，希望理工科的学生能多关注人文科学。此外大家身后的这块纪念碑和对面山坡上的零零阁也都是清华的毕业生赠送给母校的礼物，在清华大学像这样的小纪念物可以说是数不胜数。

在这里我要简单给大家介绍两个清华大学的著名人物，第一个是吴晗先生。吴晗是清华大学1934届毕业生，在校时因为学习非常刻苦，在学术上很有成就，所以被同学戏称为“太史公”.他从清华毕业后，就一直留校担任助教、教员、教授等职，1949年北平解放后，曾调任北京市副市长。“文革”期间，吴晗因著有新编历史剧《海瑞罢官》而受到严酷迫害，1969年10月11日惨死于狱中。后来，清华的师生为了永远纪念这位杰出的校友、学者，在荒岛上立了一尊吴晗的塑像，并且修建了“晗亭”,亭内匾额“晗亭”两字是1984年邓小平亲笔手书。

与晗亭相连的是“临漪榭”,“临”是面临的“临”,“漪”是涟漪的“漪”,“榭”则是指水边的亭子的意思，临漪榭是遗址内唯一象征性的旧物恢复。 在我们正前方的这座亭子，叫做“荷塘月色亭”,关于这个亭子，还必须提到一个人，它就是我国近代杰出的教育家、诗人和散文作家朱自清。朱自清毕业于北大哲学系，于1920xx年应聘来清华执教，前后担任过国文系教授、系主任、图书馆长等职。

我想在座的各位同学肯定都读过朱自清写的散文，像《背影》、《春》，《荷塘月色》等，其中《荷塘月色》就是描写近春园的景观。1920xx年7月 由于蒋叛变革命，中国处于一片黑暗之中，朱自清心里非常不平静，当时他就写了《荷塘月色》这篇文章

并且在文章里描述了一幅清幽美妙的图画：曲曲折折的荷塘，密密田田的叶子，星星点点的荷花，淡淡的月光，默默的荷香…实际上，这一切都折射出了当时他苦闷和孤独的心情。 朱自清于1948年8月因贫病交加而逝世，临终之前他还嘱告家人，说他已经签名拒绝“美援”,因而不要再买政府配售的廉价美国面粉，毛泽东称颂他“宁死不领美国救济粮”,说的就是这件事情。后来，清华师生为了纪念朱自清同志，就在此建了“荷塘月色亭”以资纪念。亭内悬挂的“荷塘月色”四字是来自朱自清文章手稿中集下的手迹。近春园一直以来都是教职员工和学生的休闲场所。

现在我们所在的地方就是清华大学的中心地带，也是清华大学早期建校的地方，还是清华景色最美的区域之一——清华园了，在这里汇聚了清华大学几个时期的建筑，而且很多建筑在20xx年的时候被列为“北京市重点文物保护单位”.

清华学堂是一栋德国古堡式的建筑。清华学堂是建校初期兴建的首批校舍中的主体建筑，建于1909到1920xx年，建成后作为学生教室。学堂总面积约为4650平方米，大门外正上端书写的“清华学堂”四字，就是清朝末期军机大臣那桐所书。1920xx年起，学校在这里增设了“国学研究院”,当时著名的四大导师，梁启超、王国维、陈寅恪、赵元任以及著名的考古学家李济，文学家吴宓等在这里荟聚，培养了整整一代“国学”研究家，为这所楼房增添了新的文化色彩。解放前和解放初，学校的总领导机构基本上都设在这里。后来，以梁思成为主任的清华建筑系进入此楼，清华学堂成为该系的专用馆。现在为清华大学研究生院的办公楼，研究生的活动都是在这里举行的。

清华的首期建筑除了清华学堂外，还有一处就是二校门了。二校门是清华最早的学校大门，始建于1920xx年，门上端大理石上镌刻着那桐题写的“清华园”三个大字。 1933年，清华住宅区进行扩建，校园围墙外移，新建了西大门，从此，习惯上称原大门为“二校门”

这就是二校门这一名称的由来。十年动乱期间，二校门被当做四旧而被彻底破坏，在原址上修建了一尊很大的毛主席塑像，80年代拆掉。一直到90年代初期，在一些校友的倡议并集资下，经学校同意依照片重建，终于在1991年恢复了这一个校园文物。现在二校门已经成为了清华园的标志性建筑，来到这里的师生们，都喜欢在这里合影留念。

大礼堂、科学馆、西区体育馆和图书馆被称为清华大学第二批建筑中的四大建筑。大礼堂建于1920xx年9月，建成于1920xx年3月，一共耗时3年，它是一座罗马式和希腊式相混合的建筑，圆顶、铜门、门前有四根两人合抱粗的汉白玉大石柱，看上去非常的庄严雄伟，而且它又位于清华大学的中心地带，所以一直被清华的师生员工视为自己坚定、朴实、不屈不挠性格的象征。大礼堂建筑面积为1840平方米，高27.6米，有座位1200个，是当时国内高等学堂中最大的礼堂兼讲堂，可容纳全校一切人员聚会。大礼堂建成后，很多重要会议都在这里召开，很多反帝爱国运动也是从这里动员出发。现在这里仍然是学生们举行各种活动的场所，每年清华学生学士学位的颁发也是在这里进行。1997年香港回归的时候，中央电视台同一首歌节目组来到清华大学演出，就是以大礼堂为背景的。

在建大礼堂时，因为当时的美国政府不信任中国的建筑技术和建筑材料，所以他是由美国政府出资，美国设计师设计，建筑大礼堂用的一砖一瓦也是从美国先由水路运到天津塘沽，然后再运到北京，花费了很大的人力和物力，现在在美国的哥伦比亚大学还有一栋和它一模一样的建筑。 大家左边的这2栋楼，分别是第一、第二教室楼。第一教室楼建于1952年，一楼是两个大阶梯教室，二、三楼也有大小教室数间，刚建成时是全校的主要课堂之一，到现在仍然是学生上课自习用的教室楼。

第二教室楼建于1954年，里面有三个大教室和一个大会议室，一直以来就是学生上课自习的场所，学校的很多会议、活动也是在这里进行。实际上，第一、第二教室楼代表了50年代清华校园的苏式建筑风格。

在清华还有很多的小纪念物，其中比较有名的就是日晷了。这是1920级学生毕业时献给母校的礼物。它的上部是中国古典计时器——日晷的造型，下部的底座上刻着“行胜于言”四个字，这是1920级学生的名言，也是清华大学的校风，就是鼓励清华的同学们少说多做

发扬实干的精神。日晷是我国古代一种简单的计时器，它是根据太阳光对一个倾斜的指针所产生的阴影的位置来表示时间。一般都是把一个不锈钢的指针装在一个石刻的圆盘的中心，再将圆盘斜卧在一个平台上，南高北低，使指针的上端正指北极，下端正指南极。圆盘的上下两面各刻上12个时辰，当太阳正南的时候，针的投影正好投在正北的方向，也就是午时。每当春风以后看圆盘上面的影，秋风以后看下面的影。

清华大学的校训是：自强不息，厚德载物。1920xx年，梁启超先生以《君子》为题给清华学生进行了一次演讲，其中，他引用了《周易》中“乾”、“坤”二字的卦辞，“天行健，君子以自强不息;地势坤，君子以厚德载物，” 意思就是说人应该像天的运行一样，刚劲强健，风雨无阻，不受外界的干扰。人也应该像大地一样柔顺，培养出公而无私、宽厚为怀的高尚品格。只有这样，才能担负起建设祖国的重任。演讲过后，学校就以此八字为校训，设计校徽，从而永久流传。

20xx年5篇北京清华大学的导游词(三)

清华大学的前身是清华学堂，始建于1920xx年4月26日，当时是由美国“退还”的部分“庚子赔款”建立的留美预备学校。1920xx年，清华学堂更名为清华学校。1920xx年设立大学部，开始招收四年制大学生，并开设研究院(国学门)。

1920xx年更名为“国立清华大学”，拥有文、法、理、工等院系。水清木华，钟灵毓秀，清华园发散着独特的精神魅力。清芬挺秀，华夏增辉，今天的清华大学面临着前所未有的历史机遇，新时代的清华人继承爱国奉献的优良传统，秉承“自强不息、厚德载物”的校训和“行胜于言”的校风，努力跻身世界一流大学行列，为中华民族的伟大复兴而努力奋斗。

清华园的校园环境：清华大学主体所在地——清华园，地处北京西北郊名胜风景园林区，清朝康熙年间成为圆明园的附属园林，称熙春园。道光年间分为熙春园和近春园两部分，咸丰年间熙春园改名为清华园。

清华大学校园占地六千余亩，以南北主干道为线分为东区、西区。西区校园为老校区，以美式的校园布局和众多西洋风格的砖水木清华石结构历史建筑为特色，大礼堂为其中心景观，图书馆、科学馆、清华学堂、西体育馆及新建的理学院、新图书馆等建筑分布其间，而原“工字厅”、“古月堂”、“水木清华”等古建筑，以及朱自清先生在《荷塘月色》中描述的“近春园荒岛——荷塘”等，则展示了中国传统的皇家园林风格。东区校园50年代则以兴建的苏式主楼为主体，90年代的时候开始主楼前后新建了各院系系馆及综合体育馆、游泳馆、紫荆公寓等现代风格的建筑物，雄伟大气，而又安静舒适。

20xx年5篇北京清华大学的导游词(四)

大家好，欢迎来到清华大学。我姓*。是清华大学系**届的学生。很高兴能够作为大家的校园讲解带领大家参观游览，希望大家能积极配合我的工作，一起在北大度过一小段快乐的时光。由于校园并不是作为景点开放，在参观之前请允许我为大家强调几条纪律：

1、校园不是公园，这是一个学习的环境，希望大家不要喧哗，一起来感受校园里该有的氛围。

2、校园景色非常优美，请大家爱护环境，不要践踏草坪，攀枝折花，乱丢废弃物。

3、校园里的人非常多，大家走的时候排成两列纵队，紧跟队伍，沿着道路右侧走，千万不要走丢走散了。

我们今天采取集中讲解，集中解散的方式，主要参观近春园和清华园风景区。我们游览的时间大约是50分钟。

首先我给大家回顾一下清华大学的建校历史。清华大学创办于1920xx年，初名清华学堂，是一所留美预备学校，位于北京西北郊的名胜园林区，明朝时是一个私家园林，清朝时是皇家园林的一部分，叫做熙春园，是康熙皇帝的行宫。道光年间，把熙春园分为两个部分，西边的一部分取名近春园，东边的还是叫熙春园。后来咸丰皇帝即位，把熙春园改名为清华园。这就是我们今天清华园的由来。

1920xx年，八国联军侵华，清政府遭到惨败，于1920xx年与八国联军签订了丧权辱国的《辛丑条约》，条约规定清政府必须向列强赔偿白银4.5亿两，分39年还清。当时一个美国政府就得到了3200万两，美国政府觉得赔款较多，决定拿出一半赔款在中国培养留美学生。1920xx年，中美两国达成协议，决定成立留没预备学校，校址选在清华园，经兼管学院和外交部的军机大臣叶赫那拉氏(慈禧太后的姓氏)那桐批准，于1920xx年开始兴建校舍，1920xx年4月29日正式开学，取名清华学堂。辛亥革命后，清华学堂改名清华学校。知道1920xx年清华学校才开始正式招收本科生，当时设立了留美预备部、大学部、国学院研究部，开始由一所留美预备校逐步向完全的综合型大学过度。

1920xx年，国立清华大学才算正式成立，1931年到1937奶奶是清华史上最辉煌的时期。梅贻琦任校长，开始广聘名师，实行民主治校，而且还建立了我国工程教育史上有重要意义的清华工学院。

1937年，七七事变之后，北平很不安全，北京大学，清华大学，天津南开大学纷纷南迁长沙，后又转到云南昆明组建临时西南联合大学，抗日战争持续八年，西南联大持续了八年，当时条件非常艰苦，是出人才最多的时期之一。西南联大汇各校菁华，以刚毅坚卓维系中华教育命脉，在此精神的激励下，培养了如诺贝尔获奖者杨振宁、李振道，两弹元勋邓稼先，文学家闻一多、朱自清等名人。

抗战胜利以后，1952年，全国高校院系调整，清华大学响应国家号召，调出农、文、理、法等学科。纷纷组建海淀区学院路上的八大院校，如北航、北医、地大、北科、农大、矿大等。把工科并入清华大学，北大只保留文科与理科，成为一所侧重基础学科的文理科综合大学，重点为国家培养基础科学的研究人才。

1966年-1977年，文革十年校园遭到很大破坏，许多知识分子遭到迫害。

1978年以后清华进入一个蓬勃发展的时期，逐渐恢复了许多学科，并成立了研究生院和继续教育学院。20xx年兼并了中央工艺美术学院，成立了清华大学美术学院。目前清华有十大学科，只缺农学，在国家和教育部的大力支持下，经过211工程和985工程的建设，清华已拥有自然科学、技术科学、人文科学、社会科学、管理科学、医药科学和新型工程科学的多学科新型综合型大学。20xx年，成立了清华航天航空学院。目前清华有13个学院，54个系。到20xx年百年校庆的时候争取把清华大学建设成为具有中国特

色的综合型、研究型、开放型的世界一流大学。校本部占地面积6000多亩，在校25000学生，10000教职工，20xx名教授，50多位工程院院士，20多个国家重点实验室，49个国家重点学科，20个博士后流动站。这些数字在全国高校都名列前茅。清华是中国最有影响力的大学之一，目前清华知名人士有神五总设计师王永志等。历代领袖都很重视清华的发展，清华西校门是毛泽东题词。(此段只需了解)

我们的校训是自强不息，厚德载物。

学风是行胜于言。

现任校长是陈吉宁，党委书记胡和平。

好了，学校概况就介绍这么多，下面我为大家介绍一下周边景点：我身后这是近春园遗址公园，近是远近的近，春是春天的春。公元1860年，英法联军火烧圆明园，近春园也遭到严重破坏。从此沦为荒岛达100余年，直到1979年，学校才决定彻底改造荒岛，在岛上种植草坪，修建假山，亭子。经过几年的改造，荒岛终于成了现在这处具有历史和文化气息的胜迹。

孔子的雕像

孔子是春秋末期的思想家，政治家和教育家。他提出了很多著名的治学思想，这尊孔子塑像是清华毕业生专门从孔子故乡山东曲阜运过来的，他的寓意是希望清华的学生们不要忘记传统的儒家思想，希望工科的学生们能够多多关注人文科学。

临漪榭，临是面临的临，漪是涟漪的漪，榭则是指水边亭子的意思，它是唯一象征性的旧物恢复。

吴晗先生是清华大学历史系毕业生，在校时因学习刻苦，在学术上很有成就，所以被同学们笑称太史公。他从清华毕业后，就一直留校担任助教、教员、教授等职，1949年北平解放以后，曾调任北平市副市长。文革期间，吴晗因著有新编历史剧《海瑞罢官》而受到迫害，1969年惨死狱中。后来清华大学师生为了几年这位杰出校友，学着在荒岛上立了一尊吴晗的塑像，并且修建了晗亭，这两个字是邓小平亲笔手书的。 荷塘月色厅是为纪念朱自清而建。他毕业于北大哲学系，1920xx年应聘清华执教。先后担任过国文系教授、图书馆长，朱自清写过很多散文。如《背影》《春》《荷塘月色》等，其中《荷塘月色》就是描写近春园的景观，这篇文章里描写了一幅美妙的图画：曲曲折折的荷塘，田田的叶子，星星点点的荷花，淡淡的月光，默默的荷香。。。这一切都反应了他当时苦闷、孤独的心情。1948年他因贫病交加而死去。临终时他还嘱告家人，不要政府配给的廉价美国面粉，毛泽东称颂他宁死不食美国救济粮，后来清华师生为了纪念朱自清同志，就在此建了荷塘月色厅以资纪念。厅内悬挂的荷塘月色四个大字是朱自清文章中手稿的笔记。对面山上零零阁是校友捐资兴建的，20xx年竣工。所以叫零零阁。近春园是清华师生娱乐休闲的场所。

清华园区：

水木清华四字出自晋人谢混的诗《游西池》：惠风荡繁囿，白云屯曾阿，寒裳顺兰止，水木湛清华。湛是澄清的意思，水木清华就是因为其后有一池塘而得名。现在此建筑物为清华贵宾接待室，校长党委书记也在院内办公室。

在此园中，我们还看到为了纪念朱自清同志而修建的自清亭和一尊朱自清的汉白玉雕像。另外有闻一多先生的塑像和闻亭，亭内有一个大钟为清华的珍贵文物，以前按钟声控制作息时间。闻一多先生1932年来清华教书，1946年在云南昆明参加李公朴的追悼会，并在会上登台演讲，痛骂反动派无耻，在回家途中，中弹死亡，碑上的字是诗人的主要天赋要是爱，爱他的祖国，爱他的人民。这是闻先生的座右铭。

二校门：是清华大学最早的校门，建于1920xx年，门上端大理石上刻着那桐写的清华园三个字。因为校园不断扩建，修建了西大门，所以称此为二校门，十年动乱年间，

二校门曾被推到，在此修建毛主席雕像。91年在一些校友的倡议下经学校同意，安老照片重新修建此门。二校门现已成为清华园的标志性建筑。来参观的师生们都喜欢在这里合影留念。

大家左边这两栋楼是第一、第二教学楼，分别建于52年、54年，是苏式建筑风格，里面有大小教室数间，现在仍在使用。

最北边这个宏伟的建筑就是大礼堂。是清华大学第二批建筑中的四大建筑之一。建成于1920xx年，它是一座古罗马与古希腊式建筑风格混合而成的。圆顶，铜门，门前有四根两人合抱粗的汉白玉大石柱，看上去非常庄严宏伟，它位于清华大学的中心地带。大礼堂建筑面积1840平方米，高27.6米，里面有1200个座位，是当时国内学堂中最大的礼堂兼讲堂。建礼堂时，美国政府不信任中国的建筑材料与建筑技术，就连设计都是由美国设计师莫非亲手操作。而这个建筑的一砖一瓦全部是从美国先由水路运到天津塘沽，然后运到北京。花费了很大的人力物力，美国的哥伦比亚大学还有一栋和它一模一样的建筑，很多反帝爱国主义运动也是从这里动员出发，现在我们仍在此举办各种活动。 南面的同方部也是清华早期建筑之一，还长期用作8月27号祭祀孔子的地方。?同方?二字源于《礼记》，?同方部?是指志同道合者聚集的地方。1936在此为鲁迅先生举行过追悼会。闻一多、朱自清都发表了演说。现在同方部是清华大学校友办公室。

清华学堂是清华第一栋教学楼，1920xx年竣工，是德国古堡式建筑。门上清华学堂四个大字是清朝军机大臣那桐所书。1920xx年在这里增设了?国学研究院，当时著名的四大导师梁启超、王国维、陈寅恪、赵元任在此办公。1946年作为建筑系的专用馆，梁思成为系主任，现在这里是清华大学研究生院办公室。

日晷是1920(清华目前最优异的一届学生)级的学生送给母校的礼物。它的上端是中国古典计时器，圆盘中央的不锈钢指针正指着地球的南北极两端，圆盘上面刻着十二个时刻。春分以后用太阳在上盘面上的倒影计时，秋分以后用太阳在下盘面上的倒影计时，没有太阳的时候是没有作用的。下部的底座上刻着?行胜于言四个字，这是1920级学生的名言，也是清华的学风，就是鼓励清华学子少说多做，发扬实干的精神。两边侧面是拉丁文的翻译。

大礼堂东侧是水电水利系，毕业于此。

校训碑上八个大字自强不息，厚德载物。1920xx年，梁启超先生以《君子》为名，引用《周易》里面?乾坤?二字的卦辞，在同方部给清华学生做了一次演讲。天行健，君子以自强不息;地势坤，君子以厚德载物意思就是说人应该像天一样刚健不已，自强不息，努力进取;也应该像地一样柔顺，包容万物，培养出大公无私，宽厚为怀的高尚品格。只有这样才能担当起建设祖国的重任。演讲过后，学校就以此八字为校训，设计校徽，广为流传。

校训碑旁边有一个书形状的标识叫做《悟》，有中国福建清华校友会捐赠。雕塑是铸钢制造的，长2米宽1.3米，由人类的面部和一本巨型的书组合而成，揭示人类社会的发展和进步与教育有着实不可分的关系。书是传播文化的方式之一，也是人类学习、进步的工具。同时书中的知识和思想也代表着人类已有的探索成果，昭示我们应在此基础上不断地进行新的创造。大家可是去看看，看看自己能否从中悟出什么道理呢?

我们景点就介绍到此，现在是*点*分，给大家*钟的时间自由活动和照相。请大家*点*分按时在此集合。(整队，清点人数，列队带出校门)

20xx年5篇北京清华大学的导游词(五)

大家都知道，清华大学是一所著名大学，如果我要问你，清华大学的历史，你应该就说不出来了吧。那好，我现在就告诉你。

1920xx年，农历六月初四，成立游美学务处，总办周自齐。 1920xx年，农历四月初一，清华学堂开学。

清华大学的创建时期

清华大学的前身是清华学堂，始建于1920xx年，当时是由美国“退还”的部分“庚子赔款”建立的留美预备学校。1920xx年，清华学堂更名为清华学校。1920xx年设立大学部，开始招收四年制大学生，并开设国学研究院。1920xx年更名为“国立清华大学”，拥有文、法、理、工等院系，盛极一时。

清华大学的发展时期

清华大学的初期发展，虽然渗透着西方文化的影响，但学校十分重视研究中华民族的优秀文化瑰宝。以清华国学研究院四大导师陈寅恪、赵元任等为代表的清华学者，

清华大学 校园风景主张“中西兼容、文理渗透、古今贯通”，形成了著名的“清华学派”，对清华的发展产生了深远的影响，培养出了一大批高水平的学术大师，在中国近现代学术史上占据着重要的地位，可谓光耀西山。

在自然科学方面，清华培养的人才同样是群星璀璨，他们中有竺可桢、段学复、在1999年被授予“两弹一星勋章”的20位功勋中，有9位是清华校友。截至20xx年12月底，1537名中国科学院和中国工程院院士中，近20%为清华大学校友。

在清华的天空中，有太多我们引以为豪的学术大师、兴业之士和治国之才。抗日战争爆发后，清华大学与北京大学、南开大学在昆明组成西南联合大学，清华校长梅贻琦任联大校务委员会主席，实际主持校务。在战火纷飞、物质条件极度匮乏的岁月里，师生休戚与共、艰苦办学，联大也以名师云集、水平高、学风好而蜚声海外，培养了大批优秀人才。抗日战争胜利后的1946年，清华大学迁回清华园原址复校。

国立清华大学

清华大学有着光荣的革命传统，在如火如荼的抗日救亡运动中，在震撼全国的一二·九运动中，在反饥饿、反内战、反迫害斗争中，一代代清华仁人志士在探求救国道路、传播先进思想、争取民族独立和人民解放斗争中成为后世的楷模。 1949年后，校长梅贻琦等人随国民政府迁往中国台湾。清华归属中央人民政府教育部，更名“清华大学”1955年，梅贻琦在新竹主持国立清华大学“在台复校”，沿用原校名。二十世纪80年代以来，两校交往日渐频繁，“一笔写不出两个清华”。20xx年，两岸清华大学还将共同举办“百年校庆”的相关活动。

1952年中国高等教育体系仿照苏联社会主义模式进行大规模的院系调整，清华的1934年6月，清华的院系研究所、文学院、理学院、法学院、农学院、航空等院系被迫割离母校而划归北京大学等校，同时吸收国内其他高校的工科院系，使清华大学成为一所多科性的工科大学，重点为国家培养工程技术人才，这一做法现为多数校友及学术界、教育界强烈否定。1952年11月蒋南翔出任清华大学校长，积极探索符合中国国情的社会主义高等教育的办学道路，在培养又红又专、全面发展的工程技术和尖端科技人才方面成绩卓著。他提出“争取健康地为祖国工作五十年”口号，激励清华人至今。毛泽东主席题写的校名。

从1953年起率先实行“政治辅导员”制度，让优秀学生党员“双肩挑”(专业学习和政治工作)，延续至今。当时的清华被称为“红色工程师的摇篮”。 同年，清华着手进行“学习苏联先进教育经验”的教学改革，按计划培养技术人才，从学分制转为学年制，学制延长，建立教学大纲，翻译大量苏联教材，加强基础课，聘请苏联专家讲学。1955年后，增设实验核物理、放射性稀有元素工艺学等新技术专业。1958年后，开展教育领域“大跃进”。实行教育与生产劳动相结合、勤工俭学、教育支援农业，清华师生承担了密云水库、中国革命历史博物馆等实践工作。 1978年以来，在深化改革、扩大开放的过程中，清华逐步复建了理科、经济、管理、人文、社会科学等各学科，恢复了综合性大学的布局，进入了一个蓬勃发展的新时期。

高校院系调整前后，清华大学院系的变化目前，清华大学设有建筑学院、土木水利学院、机械工程学院、航天航空学院、信息科学技术学院、理学院、生命科学学院、医学院、地球科学学院(筹)、人文社会科学学院、新闻与传播学院、法学院、马克思主义学院、经济管理学院、公共管理学院、美术学院、应用技术学院等，以及清华大学生物科学与技术系(20xx年9月28日成立清华大学生命科学学院，同时撤销该建制)、生物信息与系统生物学、医学系统生物学研究中心等院系。清华大学已成为一所具有理、工、文、法、医学、经济、管理、艺术等学科的综合性大学。 水清木华，钟灵毓秀，清华园散发着独特的精神魅力。

清芬挺秀，华夏增辉，今天的清华大学面临着前所未有的历史机遇，新时代的清华人继承“爱国奉献、追求卓越”的优良传统，秉承“自强不息、厚德载物”的校训和“行胜于言”的校风，努力跻身世界一流大学行列，为中华民族的伟大复兴而努力奋斗。

各位游客大家好!我是导游小李，欢迎大家来到周口店猿人遗址公园参观。

周口店北京猿人遗址就位于这个公园内。您知道这里的历史吗?1920___年中国古生物学家裴文中在北京市房山区周口店龙骨山发现原始人类牙齿、骨骼和一块完整的头盖骨。于是，考古学家开始在这里发掘，发现了距今约60万年前的一个完整的猿人头盖骨，定名为北京猿人，这里就被称为北京猿人遗址了。

请各位游客随我进入公园，我们首先将参观的是周口店遗址第一地点，又称“猿人洞”。这里原是一个天然的石灰岩溶洞，北京猿人在这里陆续生活了20万年至40万年。北京猿人的遗骨、遗物、遗迹和洞顶塌落的石块和洞外流入的泥沙等，在洞内一层又一层充填起来，形成巨厚的堆积层(共分13层)。可是，在发掘前，该洞穴就已坍塌，成为堆积物上部的大角砾和岩块。您走到这里，有没有感受到远古的气息呢!

接下来，请大家自由参观“周口店第一地点”周围的五、七、八地点，它们是1920___年被发现的。在这里考古学家们出土了第一个北京人头盖骨化石，以及人工制作的工具和用火痕迹。

现在我们来到的是鸽子堂，这个地方的名字是根据鸽子比较喜欢在这里栖息而得来的。鸽子堂曾经是北京人制造石器的场所。他们把一块块石器加工原料，打制成砍砸器，用来砍砸木柴或木棒。他们还把不同的石片，加工成刮削器，用来加工狩猎用的棒棍，或者把脉石英制成尖状器，用来割剥兽皮，挖剔兽肉。

最后我们进入的是北京猿人遗址公园的博物馆。在这里，您可以看到猿人遗址公园的平面图以及北京猿人和各种原始动物的化石。大家看这件展品，您能想到北京猿人它们还会做一些首饰吗?还有,他们还会做“针”呢!不过是骨针哦。看到这些您会不会感叹于原始人的智慧呢?小朋友们在这里还可以参与高科技的互动游戏，你们一定会玩很开心的!下面就请大家自由活动吧!

京东大溶洞坐落于北京市平谷区黑豆峪村东侧，西距北京城区90公里，因其为京东地区首次发现，故名京东大溶洞。京东大溶洞发育于中元古界长城，系高于庄组白云岩地层，距今大约十五亿年，由此号称“天下第一古洞”。京东大溶洞于20__年1月8日被国家旅游局认定为“国家AAAA级”旅游区。

溶洞内分众仙聚会、德道善缘、水帘洞等八大景区。包括数十处景观：圣火银珠、相思泉、鲲鹏傲雪等。洞内岩溶景观晶莹剔透，绚丽多姿。走进京东大溶洞，盛夏恍如秋天，秋冬又觉丝丝温暖。畅游其间，神秘清幽，奇观绝景连绵不断，配以五彩灯光，晶莹剔透，绚丽多姿。游人还会看到那巍然耸立、冲天而起的条条玉柱直抵洞顶，颇有如来佛祖动怒乍指苍天的气势，故名“神指擎天”等景观。

京东大溶洞旅游配套设施完备，有跑马场、蹦极球、游泳池、垂钓宫、缆车、卡丁车、斗兽场和水族馆等。您可乘兴而上望海楼，观金海湖碧波，赏群山秀色。今冬，京东大溶洞的赏冰及冰乐园活动丰富多彩，巨大的溜冰场、冰乐园、山地坦 克巡游等为您冬季游览增添了新的景象。京郊平谷县第一个由农民参股管理的旅游景区。冬季京东大溶洞的赏冰及冰乐园活动丰富多彩，巨大的溜冰场、冰乐园、山地坦克巡游等为您冬季游览增添了新的景象。

景点位置：黄松峪乡黑豆峪村东侧

景点交通：918路平谷新站转8路城乡风景线溶洞站下;自驾车从下京顺路到平谷县城，往东行驶大约12千米见路标左行即到

景点门票：38元

出游佳期：5-10月

附近景观：京东石林峡 京东大峡谷

南锣鼓巷是北京最古老的街区之一。北起鼓楼东大街， 南止地安门东大街， 全长786米， 宽8米，与元大都(1267年)同期建成， 是我国唯一完整保存着元代胡同院落肌理、规模最大、品级最高、资源最丰富的棋盘式传统民居区。而如今，在南北向的主巷以及相串联的东西两侧的胡同里，云集了上百家别具特色的小店，咖啡馆、创意小店、特色酒吧、民俗工艺品店以及美食餐厅等。即延续着老北京的市井风情，又点缀着时尚的元素。南锣鼓巷以其独具一格的复古时尚、国际接轨的先锋时尚，被美国《时代》周刊评选为亚洲25处必去之地。古老的四合院与尽情挥洒个性的各色小店，吸引着中外游客来此徜徉。

漫步南锣鼓巷，你不仅会惊讶于在城中心还有这样的“桃源”，更会惊艳于它的时尚，它的旧貌与新颜完美结合，羚羊挂角无迹可求。在这里，你会情不自禁地感叹，古老文化与时尚竟可以对接得如此天衣无缝。白天感受胡同街景浓郁的老北京韵味，夜晚则可以游荡在独具个性创意的小店，或随意挑选自己喜爱的物品，或打开肚子吃遍美食小吃、或尽情融入时尚先锋的自我放纵。有人说，三里屯没有做到的南锣鼓巷做到了;后海失去的南锣鼓巷又给找了回来。

亲爱的游客朋友：

今日，由我带领大家来游览故宫。

故宫位于北京市中心，是明、清两代的皇宫，又称紫禁城。故宫始建于明永乐四年至十八年，也就是此刻说的1406年至1420年。北京故宫为世界五大宫殿之首，其它四殿分别是法国凡尔赛宫、英国白金汉宫、俄罗斯克里姆林宫和美国白宫。故宫南北长961米，东西宽753米，面积约为725，000平方米。建筑面积15。5万平方米。故宫够大吧!

相传故宫有9999。5间房，有人做过形象比喻：如果有人从刚出生就开始住，要住到27岁才能够住完。实际据1973专家现场测量故宫的房间有8704间。

故宫有四个门，正门名为午门。午门有五个洞。其平面为凹形，宏伟壮丽。午门后有五座精巧的汉白玉拱桥通往太和门。东门名东华门，西门名西华门，北门名神武门。故宫的四个城角都有精巧玲珑的角楼，角楼高27。5米，十字屋脊，三重檐迭出，四面亮山，多角交错，是结构奇丽的建筑。

后门“神武门”，明朝时为“玄武门”，玄武为古代四神兽之一，从方位上讲，左青龙，右白虎，前朱雀，后玄武，玄武主北方，所以帝王宫殿的北宫门多取名“玄武”。清康熙年间因避讳改称“神武门”。神武门也是一座城门楼形式，用的最高等级的重檐庑殿式屋顶，但它的大殿仅有五开间加围廊，没有左右向前伸展的两翼，所以在形制上要比午门低一个等级。神武门是宫内日常出入的门禁。现神武门为故宫博物院正门。

东华门与西华门遥相对应，门外设有下马碑石，门内金水河南北流向，上架石桥1座，桥北为三座门。东华门与西华门形制相同，平面矩形，红色城台，白玉须弥座，当中辟3座券门，券洞外方内圆。城台上建有城楼，黄琉璃瓦重檐庑殿顶，城楼面阔5间，进深3间，四周出廊。

前三殿是全宫最大的建筑群，占地面积有达8。5万平方米，是宫城的12%，后三供则为前三殿的25%，期于宫殿依次递减，主要突出前三殿、后三宫的主要地位。1961年定位中国第一批全国重点文物保护单位。

好了，大家能够自由活动了，游玩时注意安全，注意坚持景点卫生，祝大家玩得愉快。

Dear tourists

Hello and welcome to Beijing. Im your guide.

Prince Gongs house garden is a unique garden located behind Prince Gongshouse, also known as cuijin garden. It is located at No.14, Liuyin street. Itwas built in 1777. According to research, it was rebuilt on the old garden ofMing Dynasty. The park covers an area of 28000 square meters, with 31 ancientbuildings. Prince Gong has skilled craftsmen in the garden to rebuild thegarden, adding mountains and woods, colorful paintings, integrating thelandscape architecture of the South China and the northern architecture. It is agarden for the western architecture and Chinese classical gardens. After itscompletion, it was the crown of the hundred imperial palace of Beijing. It isthe essence of the existing art of Wang Fu in the city of Beijing, and it can becalled the Pearl of the Shichahai. Among them, the western gate in the garden,the stele with the word "Fu" in Yushu, and the indoor theater building are alsoknown as the "three wonders" of Prince Gongs mansion. Some scholars believethat this garden may be the prototype of the Grand View Garden in a dream of RedMansions written by Cao Xueqin.

Wangfu is the largest and best preserved palace of Qing Dynasty in Beijing.It is located at No.17 Qianhai West Street, northwest of Shichahai. It is now akey cultural relic protection unit in China. Prince Gongs mansion was built atthe end of the 18th century. In the early period of the reign of EmperorQianlong, it was the residence of a bachelor named Helian. In the fourth year ofJiaqing (1799 AD), Helian was convicted, and the residence was confiscated andgiven to Prince Qing. In the first year of Xianfeng (1851 AD), it was given toPrince Gong, Aixinjueluo?.

In Qing Dynasty, there were strict regulations in the royal residence,which stipulated that the princes residence had five main gates, seven mainhalls, five back halls, seven back bedrooms, and a side hall on the left andright. However, many royal palaces have gone through many vicissitudes and havelong been beyond recognition. Only Prince Gongs mansion is the most completeand well decorated Qing Dynasty royal mansion in Beijing. Mr. Hou Renzhi, afamous scholar, called it "a palace of Prince Gong, half of the history of QingDynasty".

Prince Gongs residence is divided into three parallel roads, East, middleand West. It is the largest courtyard in the world. The three buildings on themiddle road are the main body of the mansion. The first is the main hall, thesecond is the back hall, and the third is the extension building. The extensionbuilding is 160 meters long from east to west and has more than 40 houses. Thereare three courtyards on East Road and West Road respectively, which echo thebuildings on middle road. The last part of the palace is the garden, with morethan 20 different scenic spots.

The garden of Prince Gongs mansion has both central axis and symmetry. Thewhole garden is divided into middle road, East Road and West Road, forming anumber of courtyards. On the central axis are Yuanmen, feilaifeng, bat pool,anshantang, Fangchi, rockery, Yuetai, lvtianxiaoyin and bat hall. The buildingson the middle road are basically symmetrical with the mountains and waters,while the East and West roads are only symmetrical with the mountains andbuildings. The whole garden is surrounded by six mountain Dragons: two mountainsin the south, East and West, and one mountain in the back of the middleroad.

The east road is mainly built. In the East, there are two mountains runningnorth and south, each turning into a enclosure in the southeast and northeast.The building is divided into three small courtyards. In the south, it is closeto the east courtyard. Looking up, there is an exquisite vertical flower gate.Inside, there is a long and narrow courtyard. Bamboo was planted in thecourtyard. The main hall is behind the Grand Theater, the west chamber is behindthe middle road Mingdao hall, the East chamber is a row of wing rooms, and thewest chamber is another long and narrow courtyard. At the entrance of the mooncave gate, he said, "sing the fragrance and drink the moon.". On the north sideis the main building of East Road, the grand theater building, which is a smalltheater with an area of 685 square meters. There are front hall, auditorium,stage, acting room, etc. in the theater, the decoration is luxurious, and it isthe viewing place of the palace.

The west road is dominated by mountains and rivers. The beginning of thewest road is from Feilai peak to the west, and at the south end is a majesticpass between the two mountains. The name of the pass is Yuguan, which is theShanhaiguan Pass of the Great Wall. It is the symbol of the great wall and isknown as the first pass in the world. At that time, the emperor of the QingDynasty entered the pass from then on. Setting this pass in the garden is enoughto show that the garden owner does not forget the great achievements of the QingDynasty when he came to the Central Plains from Shanhaiguan. Before Yuguan,there is dafangchi, the center of the west road. In the southeast corner of thedafangchi, there is a small stream, which is connected with Fuhe River in theEast. In the dafangchi, there is a square island with a fish watching platform,which is used to describe Zhuangzis allusion to the joy of watching fish onHaoshang. In the west of the pond is Xishan. In front of the pond, there arefive hall houses. The chaoshou corridor in the East is connected with the curvedcorridor in the middle road.

The theme of the garden is obvious. There are some new ideas in mountainenclosure and Yuguan Xiongshi, but there are many buildings in the East, and theenclosure of curved corridor in the middle is not organic enough, especially thewater management is poor. From the perspective of rockfill, architecture, plantsand pattern, it still has the characteristics of northern garden.

Prince Gongs residence is located on the North Bank of Shichahai. It isthe largest courtyard in the world and the most complete one among more than 60Qing Dynasty palaces in Beijing today. It is divided into parallel East, middleand West roads. The three buildings on the middle road are the main body of themansion, one is the main hall, the other is the back hall, and the third is theextension building. Yanlou is 160 meters long from east to west and has morethan 40 houses. East Road and West Road each have three courtyards, which echothe middle road. The last part of the palace is the garden, and more than 20scenic spots are different.

Prince Gongs residence is the residence of Prince Gong Zhong, the sixthson of Emperor Daoguang of Qing Dynasty. It was formerly the residence ofQianlongs Bachelor and arsenic. In the fourth year of Jiaqing (1799), he wasconvicted, and his residence became an official. Emperor Jiaqing gave part of itto his younger brother, Prince Qingfu yongp, as the palace of Prince Qingfu.Later, Xianfeng city took back King Qings residence and gave it to his youngerbrother Yiyi as Prince Gongs residence. During the reign of Xianfeng andTongzhi, it was renovated and a garden was built behind the mansion.

Because Prince Gongs mansion has some scenery described in a dream of RedMansions, it is said that the garden of Prince Gongs mansion is the blueprintof Grand View Garden. However, many people put forward different opinions.

Yi Chu, the owner of the palace, is a first-class aristocrat. Therefore,his mansion is not only spacious, but also has the highest standard ofarchitecture, which shows its insurmountable level. The obvious signs are thefacade and the number of houses. There are five front rooms, seven main rooms,five back rooms, seven back rooms, and a side room. There must be no more royalmansions than these. The form of the house and the color of the tiles cannot bereplaced.

The former owner of Prince Gongs mansion was Prime Minister Hekun. TheQingyi hall he built imitated the emperors ningshou palace. When the emperor"bestowed a gift and ordered him to commit suicide", this was one of thecrimes.

The building of Prince Gongs mansion can be divided into two parts: themansion and the garden. Covering an area of 46.5 mu, the mansion is divided intothree roads, East and West, each of which is composed of multi entrancequadrangles, surrounded by a two-story back cover building with a length of morethan 160 meters. At the back of the building is a garden, covering an area of38.6 mu. The buildings in the garden also form three roads, i.e. the East-WestRoad, the East-West Road, the East-West Road, the East-West Road, the East-WestRoad, the East-West Road, the East-West Road, the East-West Road, the West-WestRoad, the West-West Road, the West.

In the front of the middle road are the gate with 3 rooms in width and thetwo gates with 5 rooms in width. In the gate, the original main hall, yinanhall, has been destroyed, and the existing rear hall, namely Jiale hall; theeast road is composed of three entrance courtyard, which is the living room ofPrince Gong Yizhe; the main room of the west road is xijinzhai, which has aGrand Courtyard and a grand style. After the third road courtyard, there aremore than 40 two-story back buildings with a length of 160 meters from east towest, namely Zhanwu building in the East and Baoyue building in the West. Thegarden behind the building is Pingjin garden, commonly known as Gongwangfugarden, covering an area of 28000 square meters. The buildings in the park aredivided into three roads: the Middle East, the Middle East and the west, andthere are also some axes. There are scattered rockeries, pavilions andpavilions, and flowers and trees in the pool. The main buildings are scorpionhall, inviting platform, grand stage, qinqiu Pavilion, etc.

北京清代，有十代帝王的王子封了王位，有亲王、郡王封号的有七十个。

为了显示他们的特殊地位和便于管理，清代王府一般都设在内城。

铁帽王府。清初对入关有功的8家王爵，封为世袭罔替，俗称铁帽王，他们的王府就叫铁帽王府，共有8处，5处在西城，三处在东城。

以后又封了几个铁帽王，共12个世袭罔替王爵。

北京有两个恭亲王，一个是顺治皇帝的第五子常宁，府址在今东四十条。

恭王府位于前海西街17号，是清代规模最大的一座王府，据说恭王府总面积为一百多亩。相当于中山公园，这是至今保存最好的一座王府，曾是和珅的宅邸。

1996年10月起开放的只是恭王府的后花园，占地9亩，但其规模已经是非常可观的。

恭王府分中东西三路，分别由多过四合院组成，后为长160米的二层后罩楼。

恭王府假山，此假山是用糯米浆砌筑成的，非常坚固，山上置两口缸，缸底有管子通到假山上，通过往缸中灌水的办法来增加院中的湿度，过去整个假山上都长满了青苔。

假山正中有一康熙皇帝为其母祝寿写的福字碑，这是恭王府的三绝之一，碑石长7.9米，贯穿整修假山。

垂花门，因门上有两个倒垂的.花卉而得名，门前的两棵龙瓜槐在和珅居住时就有，这种树比较珍贵。

垂花门内的牡丹院，院中有紫藤萝架。院子正中造形呈蝙蝠形状的小湖。

在清代的北京，往住宅中引入活水，是要经皇帝特批的，恭亲王府是少有的几个享此殊荣的王府之一。

西式门，据说在当时在北京只有3个。这也是恭王府的三绝之一，另一绝是戏楼和福字碑。

花院门内的假山石，起到影壁的作用，名称为独乐峰。

Good morning Ladies and Gentlemen:

My name is ___. I’m very honored to be youre guide. I do hope all of youcould like my guiding and enjoy everything on your pleasant day. This morning weare going to visit the Summer Palace. The Summer Palace is located on thenorthwest suburbs of Beijing, about 20 kilometers away from the center of thecity. So it will take us about 1 hour to get there. Before we arrived at theSummer Palace, I would like to introduce you a brief introduction of thewoderful imperial garden. The Summer Palace is the most beautiful and thelargest imperial garden existing in Chinan, and it is the best-preservedimperial garden in the world. In 1998, it was placed on the List of WorldCultural Heritage by the UNESCO.

The Summer Palace was first built as an imperial garden at the beginning of12th century in the Jin Dynasty. The construction continued to the Yuan and Mingdynasties. In the Qing Dynasty, the building of imperial gardens reached itsculmination. During Emperor Qianlong’s reign, the famous ‘Three Hills and FiveGardens’ were built on the northwest suburbs of Beijing. The Summer Palace was apart of it and at that time was called the Garden of Clear Ripples. In 1860, theAnglo-French Allied Forces invaded Beijing. The ‘Three Hills and Five Gardens’were burnt down to ashes.

In 1888, the Empress Dowager Cixi spent the navy fund having the Garden ofClear Ripples rebuilt. And then she renamed it the Garden of Nurtured Harmony(Summer Palace).

In 1900, the Allied Forces of Eight Powers invaded Beijing. The SummerPalace was once again severely damaged. It was rebuilt again in 1902.

In 1924, the Last Emperor Puyi was driven out of the palace, after that,the Summer Palace was turned into a public park.

Ladies and Gentlemen, please look over there, in front of us is an archway.It is called “Emptiness and the collection of excellence”, and it is the firstscenery of the Summer Palace. The two Chinese words on the front side of thearchway mean emptiness and refer to everything in nature and in the scenery. Thetwo words on the back side mean Collection of Excellence and refer to thetranquility of the beautiful scenery just within the garden.

(outside the East Palace Gate)

Now, we have arrived at the East Palace Gate. It’s the main entrance of theSummer Palace. On top of the gate there is a plaque with three Chinesecharacters ‘The Summer Palace’ in Emperor Guangxu’s handwriting. The gate thatwe are now entering was used by the emperor, the empress only in the olddays.

(Inside the East Palace Gate)

Now we are inside the Summer Palace. In front of us is the second gate ofthe Summer Palace— the Gate of Benevolence and Longevity. The annex halls onboth sides were used for officials on duty and the offices of the Privy Council.Well, Before we start our tour in the garden, I will briefly introduce you thelayout of the Summer Palace and our tour route. O.K., ladies and gentlemen, mayI have your attention please? Let’s look at the map together, From it we can seethe Summer Palace covers an area of 290 hectares, which the lake occupies thethree-fourths. The whole garden can be divide into three parts: the area was forpolitical activities, resting places of the emperor and empress, and sightseeingareas. Our tour will start from the area of the political activities, and endoff the Marble Boat. On the way, we will visit the main constructions of theSummer Palace, such as the Hall of Jade Ripples, the Hall of Happiness andLongevity, the Long Corridor, the Hall of Dispelling Clouds and so on. It willtake us about two hours to visit the Summer Palace. Please attention, we won’twalk back and our driver will pick us up at the North Gate. Should you get lostor separated from the group, please meet us at the North Gate.

Ok, everyone, let’s start our tour from the emperors’ office --- the Hallof Benevolence and Longevity. Follow me please.

(Inside the courtyard of the Benevolence and Longevity)

Passing through the Gate of Benevolence and Longevity, we have alreadyentered the courtyard of the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity. The huge rock infront of us is Taihu Rock. It was quarried from Taihu Lake in Jiangsu Province,so it was known as Taihu Rock. Please look around the courtyard and you can seethere are four grotesque shaped rocks placed in each corner of this courtyard,representing the four seasons of the year. The Taihu Rocks are usually used asdecoration for beautifying gardens and they are thin, crease, leak andpenetration in characters.

The bronze mythical animal behind the Taihu Rock is known as Suanni or somepeople call it Qilin. According to ancient Chinese mythology, the dragon hadnine sons, but none of them became a real dragon. Suanni was one of the ninesons of the dragon. It was an auspicious animal that could avoid evil spirits inancient lengeds. Suanni has the head of dragon, the antlers of dear, the hoovesof ox and the tail of lion.

(In front of the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity)

This grand hall is the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity. It was firstbuilt in 1750. The name of this hall taken from a book entitled ‘Lun Yu’ byConfucius doctrine means, “ those who are benevolent can enjoy a long life.”This hall was the place where Emperor Guangxu and Empress Dowager Cixi heldaudience and handled state affairs when they were in the Summer Palace. Forprotecting the historical cultural relic, we couldn’t enter the hall. So I wouldlike to briefly introduce you the decorations in the Hall of Benevolence andLongevity. The arrangement of the hall has been left untouched. In the middle ofthe hall stands an emperor’s throne carved with nine dragons on design. Thereare two big fans on both sides behind the throne which are made of peacockfeathers. Behind the throne there is a big screen with red sandalwood frame andglass mirror inlaid. On the mirror there are 226 Chinese characters of the word‘Longevity’ written in different styles. There are two scrolls on each side ofthe wall with a big Chinese character ‘Longevity’ written on it. It was saidthat the word ‘Longevity’ written by Empress Dowager Cixi. There are 100 batspainted at the background of the scroll symbolizing happiness.

Well, please look up the two pairs of incense burners in the shape of adragon and a phoenix in front of the hall. They were used to burn incense sticksto create the appropriate atmosphere. In the old days, the dragon and phoenixwere the symbol of the emperor and empress. According to ritual, the dragonsshould be placed in the center while phoenixes were to either side in front ofthe hall.However, here, the dragons are off to the sides and the phoenixes arein the middle. This was a product of the end of Qing Dynasty when EmpressDowager Cixi handled state affairs behind the screen.

(At the entrance of Garden of virtuour Harmony)

We are now visiting the Garden of Virtuous Harmony, where Emperor Qianlongand Empress Dowager Cixi were entertained with Bejing Opera performances. Itmainly consists of the Dressing House, the Grand Theater Building and the Hallof Pleasure Smile. The Grand Theater Building was known as the ‘Cradle ofBeijing Opera’ was uniquely laid out and magnificently decorated. There are 7exhibition halls with articles of daily use on display here.

(In front of the Grand Theater Building)

This is the Grand Theater Building. Of the three main theater buildings ofthe Qing Dynasty, the Grand Theater Building is the tallest and largest one. Theother two are Changyin Pavilion in the Forbidden City and Qingyin Pavilion inthe Mountain Resort in Chengde. The Grand Theater Building, a three-storiedstructure, has a double roof with upturned eaves. It is 21 meters high and 17meters wide. Performances could be staged simultaneously on three levels. Thetop one was a symbol of happiness, the middle level was emolument level and thebottom stage was named longevity stage. Each level has the entrance and theexit. There are some trapdoors in the ceiling and below the floor for ‘celestialbeing’ to fly down from the sky and the ‘devils’ to appear from the earth to setoff a certain atmosphere on the stage. There is also a well and five ponds builtunder the stage for a good effect of water scenes. The stage is open to threesides.

Well, please look at the construction that stands right opposite the GrandTheater Building, it’s the Hall of Pleasure Smile. The Empress Dowager Cixi usedbo sit inside the hall to watch and enjoy the Peking Opera.

(A lakeside walk from the Garden of virtuous Harmony to the Hall of JadeRipples)

We are now standing in the middle of a rockery behind the Hall ofBenevolence and Longevity. It appears that there’s nothing special ahead.However, after we clear the rockery, we will reach Kunming Lake. This is anapplication of a specific style of Chinese

gardening.

Now, we are walking along the bank of the Kunming Lake. Look over there,not far away in the lake there is an islet. It’s called the Spring HeraldingIslet. The pavilion on the islet is called the Spring Heralding Pavilion. Anumber of willow trees and peach trees were planted on this islet. In earlyspring, when the ice begins to melt, peach trees are red in pink blossoms,willow trees turn a tender green signaling that the early spring has returned.Hence the name ‘Heralding Sping Pavilion’.

(In front of the Hall of Jade Ripples)

This group of special and quiet courtyard dwellings is the Hall of JadeRipples. The words “Jade Ripples” came from a verse “Gentle ripples gushing outof Jade Spring”, which refers to the rippling water in the lake. It was firstused by Emperor Qianlong to attend to state affairs. In the late Qing Dynasty,it was where Emperor Guangxu was put under house arrest.

This hall is a hallmark of the Movement of 1898. Emperor Guangxu wasEmperor Dowager Cixi’s nephew. After Emperor Tongzhi died, Emperor Dowager Ciximade her nephew, who was at that time four years old a successor in order tocontinue her hold on imperial power. She ‘handled state affairs behind thescreen’. After Emperor Guangxu ‘managed state affairs personally’ at the age of19, a political conflict occurred between the conservatives and the reformers.In 1898, the Reform Movement took place with the aim of sustaining the coreprinciples of the Qing Dynasty while reforming outdated laws. The movementlasted for103 days until it was suppressed by Empress Dowager Cixi. It wascalled the ‘Hundred-Day Reform’. After the reform failed, Emperor Guangxu wasput under house arrest here. For the strict control of him, Empress Dowager Cixiordered to build many brick walls in the front, back, and on the right and leftof the Hall of Jade Ripples. At that time the hall was entirely sealed up, justlike a prison. Today only the hidden walls in the east and west annex room stillmaintain its original appearance. It is open to visitors as the relic related tothe 1898 Reform Movement.

(In front of the Chamber of Collecting Books)

This is the Chamber of Collecting Books. In Chinese, it’s called “Yi YunGuang”. “Yun” was a kind of fragrant weed. In ancient times, it was usually usedas termite repellent in rooms where books were stored.In the Emperor Qianlong’sreign, the purpose of the hall was for collecting books. Later it was convertedinto a residence. There used to be the residence of Guangxu’s Empress Longyu,and his favorite concubine Zhenfei.

(In the Hall of Happiness and Longevity)

This group of courtyard is the Hall of Happiness and Longevity. It was themajor architectural structure in the living quarters and the residence ofEmpress Dowager Cixi. The whole compound was basically made of wood, which isideal for ventilation and lighting. With its quiet and tasteful layout, the Hallof Happiness and Longevity made life very easy and convenient. In front of theHall of Happiness and Longevity there is a huge rock placed in the middle ofthis courtyard named “Qing Zhi Xiu” and nicknamed as “Family Bankruptcy Rock”.This huge rock was discovered in Fangshan District by a Ming official MiWanzhong. He wanted to transport it to his own garden “Shaoyuan”. In the olddays, transporting such rock was very difficult. After spending all his money toship it, he still could not succeed in doing this. The big rock was then left onthe roadside somewhere near Liangxiang County, 30 kilometers southwest ofBeijing. Hence it was nicknamed “Family Bancruptcy Rock”. Later Emperor Qianlongdiscovered it and transported to the Garden of Clear Ripples and laid in frontof the Hall of Happiness and Longevity. The colorful glass chandeliers hanginginside the hall was introduced from Germany in 1903. It is one of the earliestelectric lights in China.

(In front of the Gate of Inviting the Moon of the Long Corridor)

Ladies and Gentlemen, you may have visited some of the best museums in theworld, such as the Louvre in France and the Museum of Great Britain. Now I willshow you a special gallery in the palace—the Long Corridor. In 1990, the LongCorridor was listed in the Guinness Book of World Records as ‘the longestpainted corridor’ in the world’. It would be a pity if we leave the SummerPalace without visiting the Long Corridor and the Marble Boat. Now, here we go,the Long Corridor first!

(Strolling along the Long Corridor)

The Long Corridor starts from the Gate Inviting the Moon to the ShizhangGate. It is 728 meters long and consists of 273 sections. The Long corridor isone of the major structures of the Summer Palace. Since the corridor wasdesigned to follow the physical features of the southern slope of LongevityHill, four multiple-eaved, octagonal pavilions ( Retaining the GoodnessPavilion, Living with the Ripples Pavilion, Autumn Water Pavilion, Clear and FarPavilion) were placed at bends and undulation, they represent four seaons of ayear. Thus visitors will hardly notice the rise and fall of the terrain. As amajor part of the architectural style of the Summer Palace, the Long Corridorserves as an ingenious connector between the Lake and the Hill. Scatteredbuildings on the southern slope were linked to create a unified complex.

The Long Corridor is the longest covered veranda in any Chinese garden. Onthe purlins and beams of the covered veranda, there are over 14,000 Suzhou stylepaintings. Among them, there are 546 color paintings relating to the scenes ofWest Lake in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Beside the colorful paintings ofnatural scenery, there are also scenes of flowers, birds, fish, insects,mythology and figures. The paintings of figures are mainly adapted from ancientChinese classical literature, such as ‘Pilgrimage to the West’, ‘The Romance ofthe Three Kingdoms’, ‘The western Chamber’, “Water Margin’, and ‘The Dream ofthe Red Mansion’.

(In front of the Gate of Dispelling Clouds)

Now we are approaching the central part of the structures on the lakesideslope, the Tower of Buddhist Incense within the Hall of Dispelling Clouds. Thecentral axis line starts from the wharf next to the lake to the Sea of Wisdom ontop of the Hill. The main architectural structures here are the Gate ofDispelling Clouds, Hall of Dispelling clouds, Tower of Buddhist Incense and theSea of Wisdom, which altogether form a splendid three-dimensional landscape. Thelayout of this group of architectures was based on scenes described in Buddhistsutras. This group of structures are among the most magnificently constructedhere in the Summer Palace. This is a good place to taking photos, we will stayhere for about 15 minutes.

Now we are walking continuely along the Long Corridor, the next scene weare going to visit is Marble Boat.

Look over there! Halfway up the slope there stands the Hall of Listening toOrioles. It was the place for emperor and empress to enjoy opera and courtmusic. It is said the singing of orioles is very pleasing. Before the Garden ofVirtuous Harmony was built, Empress Dowager Cixi enjoyed opera and music here.Now the hall is one of the most famous restaurants in China, featuring imperialdishes and desserts.

This is the famous Marble Boat. A famous scientist of China’s Eastern HanDynasty once said, “Water can float the boat, but it can also tip it over.” Aprime minister of Tang Dynasty Wei Zheng once used these words to persuade LiShimin, the emperor of the Tang Dynasty. He said people are water and theemperor is the boat. People can support a good emperor. However, they also canoverthrow the dynasty. Emperor Qianlong built this huge boat in the Garden inorder to make the allusion concrete. On one hand, Emperor Qianlong encouragedhimself to run the country well. On the other hand, he wanted to show that hisrule of the Qing Dynasty was as firm as the Marble Boat and there was no fear ofoverturning the boat. The Marble Boat was the place for Emperor Qianlong tosample tea and enjoy the scenery of Kunming Lake. Emperor Qianlong once camehere to engage in the freeing of captive animals. In the times of Qianlong, theMarble Boat was a Chinese styled stone boat with a Chinese style woodensuperstructure on the top of it. When it was rebuilt in the times of Guangxu, aforeign and Chinese elements mixed resulting in two wheels to be added to theboat, one on each side. The floor was paved with colored bricks. All of thewindows were inlaid with multiple-colored glass. A big mirror was installed onthe superstructure for viewing rain.

Our tour is drawing to a close after we visited the Marble Boat. Today weonly visited the major scenic spots of the Summer Palace. I have left otherspots of interest for your next visit. I will now show you out through the RuyiGate. Our coach is waiting for us outside the gate. I do hope you enjoyedtoday’s tour. Thank you.

游客朋友们，您们好，欢迎您到北海公园参观游览。

当您走进这座有着近千年历史的皇家园林，当您仰望美丽的白塔感受着人间仙境般的秀美，急于要走进园中去享受北海山水的时候，我建议您驻足留步，用您几分钟的时间，听我介绍一下北海公园的总体概况，为您的参观游览做一个导游。

北海公园是我国历史最悠久、保存最完整的皇家园林之一。这座拥有近千年历史的园林开发始于辽会同元年(公元938年)，金大定六年至十九年(公元1166-1179年)世宗完颜雍(yōng)又在辽初创的基础上建成一座规模宏大的皇家离宫—太宁宫。太宁宫沿袭中国皇家园林“一池三山”的规制，即北海和中海是太液池，琼华岛如”蓬莱”，团城为”瀛(yíng)洲”，中海犀(xī)山台似”方丈”。并将北宋汴京艮(gèn)岳御园中的太湖石移置于琼华岛上。至元四年(公元1267年)，元世祖忽必烈营建大都，将琼华岛及其所在的湖泊被划入皇城，赐名万寿山、太液池。永乐十八年(公元1420年)明朝正式迁都北京，万寿山、太液池成为紫禁城西面的御苑，称西苑。清朝承袭明代的西苑，乾隆七年至四十四年(公元1742-1779年)对北海进行大规模的改建，奠定了此后的规模和格局。

辛亥革命后，1925年北海辟为公园对外开放。新中国成立后，党和政府对北海公园的保护极为重视，拨巨资予以修葺，1961年被国务院公布为第一批全国重点文物保护单位。

北海是中国历史园林的艺术杰作。全园占地面积69万平方米(其中水面面积39万平方米)，主要由琼华岛、东岸、北岸景区组成。

走过由汉白玉雕琢的永安桥、穿过堆云牌楼，您就来到了琼华岛。琼华岛上树木苍郁，殿宇栉(zhì)比，亭台楼阁，错落有致，白塔耸立山巅，成为公园的标志。走进永安寺的山门，拾阶而上您可以登上白塔。关于永安寺的壮丽景观我将在您到达时详细介绍。您走下白塔沿岛步行，你可以欣赏到又一些美景。西侧，那里有著名的“阅古楼”内存有三希堂法帖，它是享誉世界上最著名的书法作品集成。西北面被一组沿湖长廊所环抱，北面山坡上，可见到相传为秦汉时期的文物“铜仙承露盘”;东侧山脚下是琼岛春阴碑，它是老北京著名的燕京八景之一。“半月城”亦称般若香台,在东坡依山而建;下面是“般若香台牌楼”,过“陟山桥”折而向北就来到东岸景区。

沿湖建有北京目前历史最悠久的船坞;环湖的垂柳掩映着东岸的著名景点——濠濮间、画舫斋。

濠濮间是一处马蹄形小山围成的水潭，在这座人工建造的皇家园林中现出它独特的野趣。由濠濮间向北就是画舫斋，著名的古树——唐槐就在其中，画舫斋以其宁静、幽雅的园林意境名扬中外。出画舫斋西门就可看到清代“先蚕坛”的大门。从先蚕坛北过桥向西而行就到达北岸景区。

北岸景区从东到西布满景点：东侧有静心斋——人称“乾隆小花园”、大西天景点有西天禅林喇嘛庙建筑群，“华藏界”牌楼、“天王殿”、金丝楠木建成的“大慈真如宝殿”、九龙壁等建筑;九龙壁西南是“快雪堂”“铁影壁”，再往西您就看到了北海五龙亭、阐(chǎn)福寺、小西天等众多著名景点。

从小西天极乐世界殿出来向南，可以从北海公园西门出园，也可乘游艇回到琼华岛由南门出园。

北京北海公园景点导游词3

游客朋友们:

您们好，欢迎您到北海公园参观游览。

北海公园位于北京市的中心，是我园现存最悠久、保存最完整的皇家园林之一，距今已有近千年的历史

北海园林的开发始于辽，金又在辽初创的基础上于大定十九年(1179年)建成规模宏伟的太宁宫。太宁宫沿袭我国皇家园林“一池三山”的规制，并将北宋汴京艮岳御园中的太湖石移置于琼x岛上。至元四年(1267年)，元世祖忽必烈以太宁宫琼x岛为中心营建大都，琼x岛及其所在的湖泊被划入皇城，赐名万寿山、太液池永乐十八年(1420年)明朝正式迁都北京，万寿山、太液池成为紫禁城西面的御苑，称西苑。明向南开拓水面，形成三海的格局。清朝承袭明的西苑，乾隆时期对北海进行大规模的改建，奠定了此后的规模和格局。辛亥革命后，1925年北海辟为公园对外开放。1949年新中国成立后，党和政府对北海公园的保护极为重视，拨巨资予以修葺，1961年被国务院公布为第一批全园重点文物保护单位。

北海是中国历史园林的艺术杰作。全园占地69公顷(其中水面39公顷)，主要由琼x岛、东岸、北岸景区组成琼x岛上树木苍郁，殿宇栉比，亭台楼阁，错落有致，白塔耸立山巅，成为公园的标志，环湖垂柳掩映着濠濮间、画舫斋、静心斋、天王殿、快雪堂、九龙壁、五龙亭、小西天等众多著名景点，北海园林博采众长，有北方园林的宏阔气势和江南私家园林婉约多姿的风韵，并蓄帝王宫苑的富丽堂皇及宗教寺院的庄严肃穆，气象万千而又浑然一体，是中国园林艺术的瑰宝。北海位于北京故宫西北，是我国现存历史悠久、规模宏伟的一处古帝王宫苑。素有人间“仙山琼阁”之美誉这里原是辽、金、元、明、清五个朝的皇家“离宫御苑明、清两，北海与中海、南海合称三海清乾隆年间大规模扩建，现存建筑多为那时所建，基本上已是现在的格局了。

北海全区可分为琼x岛、团城、北海东岸与北岸四个部分琼x岛是全园的中心，岛上建筑、造景繁复多变，堪称北海胜景东部以佛教建筑为主，永安寺、正觉殿、白塔，自下而上，高低错落，其中尤以高耸入云的白塔最为醒目;西部以悦心殿、庆霄楼等系列建筑为主，另有阅古楼、漪澜堂、双虹榭和许多假山隧洞、回廊、曲径等建筑。

北海东、北两岸有建筑群多处，各具特色，有画舫斋、濠濮涧、静心斋、天王殿、小西天、五龙亭、九龙壁等园中园和佛寺建筑北海南为屹立于水滨的团城，以永安桥与琼x岛相连;团城上的建筑按中轴线对称布置，主殿承光殿位于中央，规模宏大，造型精巧。

北海公园的面积为68公顷，其中水面约占39公顷总观北海全园的建筑布局，以白塔为中心，以琼x岛为主体的四面景观。山顶耸立的白塔建于清顺治八年(1651年)，内藏有喇嘛经卷和衣钵等四周殿阁相连，形成众星捧月之势湖东岸、北岸有几处庭院、寺庙建筑湖边的五龙亭似飘若动，构成了北海的又一独特景致。位于北岸的九龙壁更是气势磅礴，为中国仅有的三个九龙壁之一园中的“仿膳饭庄”以经营清宫风味菜肴著称。

各位游客大家好，我是_____旅行社的导游员，我姓____，在接下来的几天当中，我将陪伴大家共同游览北京的名胜风景，期望经过我的讲解，能够是您对北京留下十分完美的印象，同时也期望您能对我的工作提出宝贵的意见。好，此刻我们就开始今日的游览行程吧。

故宫占地72万平方米，其中建筑面积为16.3万平方米，南北长961米，东西宽753米，周围有10米高的城墙环绕，还有宽52米的护城河，在四角都建有一座精美的角楼。根据1973年的统计，故宫有大小院落90多座，房屋有980座，共计8704间。明朝永乐皇帝朱棣登基不久，在永乐四年，也就是1406年下诏营建北京紫禁城。修建分为两个阶段，第一阶段是从永乐四年开始备料，而第二阶段就是在永乐十五年，1417年六月开始动工兴建，历时14年，在永乐十八年，1420年完工。在建造过程中，征集了全国10万名能工巧匠和民夫100万人，而建筑材料都来自全国各地，比如汉白玉石来北京房山，金砖来自苏州，石灰来自河北易州，五色虎皮石来自河北蓟县盘山，殿基所用的精砖石来自山东临清，松木多来自东北，而楠木多来自四川、云贵、浙江等地，可见当时工程的浩大。故宫基本上是按照明中都皇宫的蓝图而修建的，布局规划遵循了《周礼考工计》的都城设计礼制：前朝后寝，左祖右社。大致分为南北两个部分，南半部位前朝，北半部则为后寝。前朝是以太和、中和、保和三大殿为中心，文华殿和武英殿为东西两翼，是皇帝举行朝会的地方。而后寝则是以乾清、交泰、坤宁这后三殿以及东西六宫、御花园为中心，外东路、外西路的建筑为主，是皇帝处理

日常政务和后宫皇妃居住、祭祀的地方。左祖右社是这样布局的：在午门外东侧是皇帝祭祖的场所太庙，西侧则是祭社稷的场所社稷坛。按照这种布局建筑而成的故宫就是明清两代24位皇帝的皇宫，其中明朝14位，清朝10位，统治时间总共长达五个世纪。由于它在中国历史上的特殊地位和它精美的建筑群体，所以在1987年被联合国教科文组织收录到了《世界文化遗产名录》当中，成为世界上规模最大、保存最完整的宫殿建筑群。此刻在北京有一条贯穿南北的中轴线，被梁思成先生称为伟大的中轴线，全长8.5公里，南起永定门，北到钟楼，其中包括故宫在内的皇城就占了三分之一。这条中轴线也叫做龙脉，线上的景山是内城的中心点，也是故宫的镇山。

我们有时候还把故宫叫做紫禁城，而它的名称是怎样得来的呢我国古代天文学家把天上的主要恒星分为三垣、四象和二十八星宿。三垣是太微垣、紫微垣和天市垣。其中紫薇垣居中，是天上皇帝所居住的地方，称为紫宫。封建帝王自称是天帝的儿子，所以他们也把自我居住的皇宫象征为天上的紫宫。并且皇帝居住的地方戒备森严，不许庶民百姓接近，是绝对的禁地，又称为禁宫，所以那里也被叫做紫禁城。那里共有四道门，分别是午门、神武门、东华门和西华门。而紫禁城的正门就是午门，因为在罗盘上，上午的代表正南，所以午门也是南大门的意思。它的平面呈“凹”字型，从汉代的门阙形制演变过来。下端有高12米的墩台，正中的墩台上头有门楼，两侧还设有钟鼓亭，东西两侧突出的部分叫观，上部各有廊庑13间，两端还建有重檐攒尖方亭。中央的广场叫阙。在明清两代，那里是朝廷举行颁朔大典和献俘典礼的地方。正中开了三道门，两侧都有掖门，这种做法称为“明三暗五”。五个门洞都有各自的用途：中门是皇帝专用的，或者皇帝大婚的时候，皇后能够从那里入宫，科考三甲也能够从那里入宫;平时，文武百官走左门，宗室王公走右门;掖门仅有在大型活动的时候才开，三品以下的官员按照文东武西分别经过东西掖门，外国使节要从西掖

门才能够入宫;在殿试的时候，考生分单双号，从东西掖门中经过。

进入午门，我们首先看到的就是内金水河，它自西向东蜿蜒流过太和门广场，上边还有五座汉白玉石桥，就是内金水桥了。内金水河的作用不仅仅是故宫中排水的主要通道，也是建筑和灭火的主要水源，同时还起到了点缀景观的作用，使太和门广场在雄浑中不失秀美。

在太和门两旁还有两道门，就是德昭门和贞度门。每逢皇帝出宫，都要在太和门换车，并且皇帝大婚的时候，皇后也要从太和门进入皇宫。在光绪四年的时候就发生了这样一件事：在光绪皇帝大婚前夕，太和门突然被火烧毁了，可是大婚当天皇后要从那里经过，所以朝廷就在北京寻找了能工巧匠，连夜用彩绸还有木料搭建了一座假的太和门，才使得婚礼如期进行，而在第二年，太和门才重建完成。

过了太和门我们就进入了太和殿广场，它面积有3万多平方米，在每年的元旦、冬至、还有皇帝生日以及一些重大活动的时候，都要在太和殿以及太和殿广场举行隆重的朝礼。

此刻我们面前这座宏伟的建筑就是太和殿了，它和中和殿还有保和殿是建立在一个土字型的三层台基上，台基南北长230米，高8.13米，在四周围还建有一些楼阁，其实就是清朝内务府所管辖的库房。太和殿是故宫中最高最大的建筑，面积有2377平方米，通高35.05米，面阔11间，进深5间。其实在明朝奉天殿的时候，那里市面阔9间，进深5间的大殿，到了清朝年间，将它改为了此刻的大小，其实在两侧的夹室是封闭的，不能作为正殿使用，所以实际上还市面阔9间，进深5间，同时，也将它改名为太和殿。太和二字出自于《周易》中的：“保合大和”，而太和的观念是上古天人和一观念的延伸，强调了君臣之间，人与自然之间还有个民族之间的和谐。在太和殿的屋顶正脊上还有一个高3.36米的大吻，往下还有11个垂脊兽，在我国古代，异兽的数量越多，代表了殿宇等级越高。在殿内有72根大住支撑，当中的六根是沥粉贴金云龙图案的金柱，上头支撑了藻井，再藻井当中雕刻有蟠龙，龙口中衔有轩辕镜。轩辕二字出自于我国古代天文学中的轩辕星，意思就是轩辕黄帝之星，也是掌管雷雨之星，在殿顶上建有藻井，一是为了代表当朝的皇帝才是中华民族的正统继承人，第二则是起到了镇火的作用。

殿内的陈设也十分的多。金銮宝座是明代的遗物，清朝的皇帝继续使用。在袁复辟的时候，以往将它换成了一个中西合璧，不伦不类类似沙发的座椅，解放以后，专家们在家具库中发现了原先的宝座，经过一年多的整修，最终恢复了它本来的面貌。

殿内的地平床高6尺多，上头设有屏风，宝座等，在台面上还有香亭、仙鹤等等。在皇帝上朝的时候，就要点燃檀香，烘托出一种神秘的气氛。殿中有一只象，身上驼着宝瓶，里面放有五谷，寓意天下太平，吉庆有余。而象身四脚立地，稳如泰山，象征社会和政权的稳固。称为太平有象。角端，是传说中的一种神兽，象征着当今皇帝是圣明之君。仙鹤被古人认为是一种长寿鸟，象征着江山长存。香亭是从香炉演变而来的，放在殿中，象征着国家安定。

大家好，我是你们的导游小泽，你们眼前的就是万里长城。

我感到十分荣幸!那么我们就开始长城之旅吧!

那我来为你们介绍一下万里长城，万里，万里长城是有垛子、了望台、射口、堡垒。了望口是观察敌人的状况的，射口是射击用的，堡垒是保护好人的因为堡垒很坚固。

站在长城上，踏着脚下的方砖，扶着墙上的条石很自然的想起古代修筑长城的劳动人们来。当看这数不清的条石，一块有两千斤重，那时候没有火车，汽车，没有期中机，就靠着无数的肩膀和手，一布一步的抬上这峭的山岭。多少劳动人们的血汗和智慧，才凝结这前不见头、后不见尾的万长城。

这样气魄雄伟地工程，在世界历史上是一个伟大的奇迹。

大家好欢迎来到天坛

天坛位于北京市崇文区在永定门内大街路东.原是明清两代皇帝祭祀皇天上帝的场所,始建于明永乐十八年 (1420 年 ),以后经过不断的改扩建,至清乾隆年间最终建成.天坛占地达 273 万平方米主要建筑有祈年殿、圜丘、 皇穹宇、斋宫、神乐署、牺牲所等.1918 年辟为公园.

天坛分为内、外两坛,内坛由圜丘、祈谷坛两部分组成,内坛北部是祈谷坛,内坛南部是圜丘坛,一条 360米长的丹陛桥连缀两坛,两坛的主要建筑就集中在丹陛桥两端,丹陛桥南端有圜丘、皇穹宇,北端有祈年殿、皇乾殿.丹陛桥也称海攫大道 ,是一条巨大的砖砌高台商道,也是天坛建筑的主轴线.在丹陛桥的东侧建有与天坛祭祀功能相适应的附属建筑：宰牲亭、神厨、神库 等.丹陛桥西侧有斋宫 ,斋宫是举行祭天大典前皇帝进行斋戒的场所.外坛为林区 , 广植树木,外坛的西南部有神乐署,是明清时期演习祭祀礼乐及培训祭祀乐舞生的场所.

神乐署、斋宫都是祭坛的附属建筑,是祭祀大典的服务用房 ,故斋宫、神乐署都是坐西向东,其建筑规格、瓦色、装饰彩画均逊于天坛的祭祀建筑,强烈地表达了中国古代的。

各位游客大家好

我先简单的介绍一下故宫、故宫是世界上显存规模最大的古代皇家宫殿建筑群、故宫又叫紫禁城、它整座城池建成于公元1420xx年、位于天安门广场北侧、自故宫建成后先后有明清24位皇帝在此执政、

故宫平面呈长方形、南北长960米、东西宽750米、全面积72万平方米、整座紫禁城被宽52米的护城河所环绕、城墙高10米、可谓是“城高池宽”、

故宫开四门、座北朝南、南门为午门、即正门、北门为神武门、东为东华门、西为西华门、

整个院落分为二大部分、即“前朝”和“后寝”、“前朝”是皇帝举行盛大典礼的地方、以太和殿、中和殿、保和殿及东西两侧的文华殿及武英殿为主、“后寝”是皇帝及后妃、未成年子嗣们居住的地方、主要以乾清宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫及东西六宫为主、据说当年紫禁城共有宫殿九千九百九十九间半、如果一个婴儿从哇哇坠地开始每晚住不同的房间、等他住遍所有的房间后已经是一个27岁的年轻人了、

接下来、我们将要参观的是午门、在10米高的城墙上耸立着五座崇楼、楼顶飞檐翅起、从上面看就像五只展翅欲飞的凤凰、故午门又称五凤楼、它位于端门之北、雄伟壮观、

午门在明代这里是举行献俘大典的地方、大家可能听说过“推出五门斩首”、这里虽是午门、但却不是砍头的地方、在明朝的时候、这里是廷杖之所、

进入故宫的院落、首先出现在我们面前的是五座汉白玉石桥、跨过金水桥就来到了太和门广场、这里既是明代皇帝御门听证时百官待驾的地方、

接下来参观的是太和殿广场及太和殿、这里是皇家举行盛大典礼的地方、太和殿广场基本呈正方形、整个院落平坦宽阔、气势非凡、

太和殿坐落在八米多的汉白玉基座之上、庄严肃穆、在每一层基座的边缘都伸出很多小龙、那些小龙是传说中一种没有角的龙、他们是大殿的排水系统、每个龙头的嘴里都有一个小孔、即喷水孔、三层基座之上共设有小龙头1142个、每当下大雨的时候、雨水便从1142个龙头嘴里的小孔内排出、非常壮观、为宫中一景、被称为“千龙吐水”、

太和殿是整座紫禁城内级别最高的建筑、只有皇帝举行盛大典礼时才使用、象征皇权的至高无上、太和殿俗称金銮殿、是我国现存木结构大殿的杰出典范之作、太和殿始建于1420xx年、当时叫奉天殿、后来、改叫皇极殿、清顺治皇帝登基后、重修三大殿、并将皇极殿改为太和殿、意思是、宇宙间的一切关系都可以得到协调的意思、后来康熙年间又重修第二次、才有今天的规模、它是紫禁城内大殿之最、装饰用的彩绘为最高等级的金龙和玺、殿顶形式为最高等级的重檐庑殿顶、就连大殿上的吻兽也是我国目前最大的、总之出处显示“第一”、那是“老子天下第一”思想的体现、

大殿内的陈设简单而又富丽堂皇、地上是“金砖漫地”、皇帝的九龙宝座位于二米高的楠木高台上、皇帝升座后、颇有居庙堂之高、君临天下之威风、宝座前陈设有宝象、仙鹤、香亭等物品、都取其美好的寓意、

在太和殿外的露台上左右各有一只乌龟和仙鹤、取之龟鹤延年之意、江山社稷万代相传、此外、还有日晷、嘉量、是古代的计时工具和计量器具、象征皇帝公正无私、对天下百姓都是坦诚、平等的、

看完了太和殿，我们再来看中和殿。大家请看!中和殿是皇帝在大典前等待吉时、稍事休息的地方。下面，请大家跟我来一起参观当时的国宴厅--保和殿。各位朋友，这座大殿是故宫前朝三大殿中的最后一座大殿，叫保和殿。这座大殿被称为清代的国宴厅及科举考场。

现在我们来到了乾清宫，这是皇帝在紫禁城中居住和处理日常政事的地方。乾清宫分为中殿、东暖阁及西暖阁三个部分。正殿是皇帝处理日常政务、临时按见大臣的地方，殿中设有皇帝宝座及御案，正中挂着一块“正大光明”匾，那是清朝皇帝的祖训，作为治国、修身、平天下的基本准则。东、西暖阁是皇帝晚上住宿的地方。

现在请各位随我去参观交泰殿。各位请看，这座四角攒尖顶的大殿叫交泰殿，这座建筑是明清两朝皇后过生日时举行寿庆活动的地方。在大殿后墙匾额上有“无为”二字，那里是康熙皇帝的御笔，意思是希望后代能够以德制国，施以仁政，以图国家长治久安。

大家现在看到的是坤宁宫、坤宁宫是在紫禁城内居住的地方、坤宁即是像大地一样宁静、安忍不动、意思是说皇后是后宫之主、母仪天下、应该有大地一样安忍不动的胸怀、后来、自雍正皇帝开始坤宁宫西部改成了萨满教的祭祀场所、东部改为皇帝大婚的洞房、

各位朋友，现在我们来到了紫禁城的后花园--御花园，它位于北京故宫中轴线最北端、这里是帝后们的休闲娱乐的场所。整个花园呈长方形，占地虽然只有1.2万平方米，但却容纳了大小20多座不同风格的建筑。御花园以钦安殿为中心、中轴线上的唯一的一所宗教性建筑、

神武门是紫禁城的北门，明代曾叫玄武门，清代为了避讳康熙皇帝玄烨的“玄”字，改为神武门。神武门是皇家的报时台，原来门楼上设有钟鼓，每天早晨鸣钟，晚上击鼓，为在紫禁城居住的帝后们报时，此外皇帝外出巡幸也出此门。

好了、我们就先讲到这里、下面给大家2个小时自由参观的时间、大家要保护好自己的随身物品、保护好文化遗产、希望大家玩的愉快、

各位团友:

大家好!欢迎大家参加__旅行社组织的北京之旅，我是____旅行社的导游员我姓__，大家叫我小__就可以了。在我身边这一位呢是我们这次旅途中最为劳苦功高的一位，我们的__师傅，有着多年的驾龄，综合的说我们的__师傅可称的上是"三好"师傅--驾驶技术好，脾气好，长的也好!由陈师傅为我们行车大家可以放心。在此，我们于以热烈的掌声多谢我们的__师傅。俗话说："有朋自远方来不亦乐乎!”我和司机师傅能有缘分前来接待大家，并能有机会为全团服务感到非常高兴!对各位远到来来北京旅游观光和休闲度假，我们代表____旅行社表示热烈欢迎!

在接下来的几天里将我陪同大家一起游览美丽的北京，希望在这短暂的时间里大家可以通过我的讲解走进北京，了解北京.在行车路途中为避免意外发生，请大家不要把您的头，手，肘伸出窗外，在游览的路途中旅游车就是我们第二个家，请大家注意一下我们车上的卫生，如果您有什么要求可以直接告诉我!我会全力的为您服务.希望大家在这几天里可以玩的开心，住的舒心，吃的顺心。

朋友们，我们面前的这条街就北京最古老的街区之一南锣鼓巷。

南锣鼓巷南北走向，长约800米，东西各有8条胡同整齐排列着，从南向北，西面的8条胡同是福祥胡同、蓑衣胡同、雨儿胡同、帽儿胡同、景阳胡同、沙井胡同、黑芝麻胡同、前鼓楼苑胡同;东边的8条胡同是炒豆胡同、板厂胡同、东棉花胡同、北兵马司胡同、秦老胡同、前圆恩寺胡同、后圆恩寺胡同、菊儿胡同。这些胡同在元朝时没有名称，名称是明朝以后逐渐演变来的。比如菊儿胡同，明代叫局儿胡同，后来改称橘儿胡同，清代宣统时才称菊儿胡同，后延续至今。整个街区犹如一条大蜈蚣，所以又称蜈蚣街。

近几年，成为许多时尚杂志报道的热点，不少电视剧在这里取景拍摄，许多国外旅行者把其列为在北京的必游景点。其实，明清以来，这里一直是“富人区”，居住过许多达官贵人、社会名流，从明朝将军到清朝王爷，从北洋政府总统到__总裁，从文学大师到画坛巨匠，这里的每一条胡同都留下历史的痕迹。

有人说三里屯酒吧街是彩色的，什刹海酒吧街是暗红色的，而南锣鼓巷酒吧街是翠绿色的。这样的评说可能不仅是指自然的色彩，或许还指向其不同的文化内涵吧。这里的每一条胡同都有丰厚的文化积淀，每一个宅院里都诉说着老故事。

北京的最后一天，我们来到了元、明、清，三朝的最高学府---国子监。

国子监整体坐北朝南，中轴线上分配着集贤门(大门)、琉璃牌坊、辟雍、彝伦堂、敬一亭。东西两侧有四厅六堂，构成传统的对称格局。上轴线上还有一扇太学门， 国子监和现代大学一样，都是教书的，为什么不叫‘大学门’，而叫‘太学门’呢?因为国子监的地位比大学要高一‘点’所以叫‘太学门’。那么为什么地位 不一样?这里教书的人不是别人，而是当代的皇上。而这里教出来的人最低也能当个县令，高一点还能当 状元呢! 国子监那么大，学生又那么多，皇上一个人坐在国子监中间的宝殿内，四面八方 围满了学生，古代又没有扩音器，学生们怎么听得见呢?听导游讲，原来在宝殿的门站着一文一武两位官员，他们负责把皇帝说的话一字不漏的重一遍，每隔一段就有两个这样的官员，这就是那时候的‘扩音器’。

想一想，在古代连皇帝的学生都只能拥有这样的教学条件，现在的科技这么发达，我们的学习、生活条件这么好，我们没理由不好好学习。我一定要通过自己的努力把我们的未来建设的更加美好!

大家好，我是这次旅行的小导游，下面我将带领大家到北京古老的故宫去细细游赏。过了天安门，就到了故宫的午门，沿着故宫的中轴线向前走，你就会发现中轴线的路是用大理石铺成的，皇帝的宫殿都位于这条中轴线上，象征着皇帝是国家的中心。我们沿着中轴线继续向前走，眼前就是宏伟的太和殿，它是故宫内最大的建筑，也是最高的建筑，古代皇帝办公的地方。朋友们，往上面看，在门洞上有蓝色金字的大匾，刻着“太和殿”三个字。我们再往四周看，大家看到，太和殿的通道上有一些用石头雕刻的小狮子，大家知道这是干什么用的吗?我来告诉你们吧，它是用来排雨水的。当下雨的时候，雨水就流到城墙的低洼处，渗透到地面上的小孔，经过管道疏通到储水池，然后再通过小狮子的嘴流到地面上……好，今天的故宫之旅就结束了，明天我再给大家介绍其他旅游的地方。

各位团友，我们眼前一前一后两座高大的建筑就是钟鼓楼。钟鼓楼坐落在北京南北中轴线北端，即今天的东城区地安门外大街，是全国重点文物保护单位。两楼前后纵置，气势雄伟，巍峨壮观，占地约13000平方米。

钟鼓楼是钟楼和鼓楼的合称。在古代，钟楼和鼓楼通常建造在城市中心地带，作为报时和聚众议事的工具，还有另一种，建于宫廷内，做报告时间和朝会时节制礼仪之用。钟鼓楼各地都有，但从某种程度上说，在元明清三朝，北京的钟鼓楼相当于每日发布标准“北京时间”的国家授时中心，是钟鼓楼中的“权威”。

元代鼓楼在大都中心，原名齐政楼，取齐七政(日、月、金星、木星、水星、火星、土星)之义，其位置在明清鼓楼以西，今旧鼓楼大街南口。明永乐十八年营建北京城，重建钟鼓楼。据谈迁《北游录》记载，清顺治十一年(1654年)，钟楼和鼓楼毁于火灾，乾隆时重建，嘉庆五年(1820xx年)重修。1920xx年，“八国联军”入侵京师时，钟鼓楼上文物遭到了破坏，建筑幸免于毁。民国年间钟鼓楼对外开放，民国十三年(1920xx年)将鼓楼改为明耻楼，第二年复改为齐政楼。1957年钟鼓楼被列为北京市级文物保护单位。1984年政府拨款重修钟鼓楼，1987年和1988年鼓楼和钟楼相继开放，随后作为展览功能的文物建筑得到了保护和利用。1996年，钟鼓楼被列为全国重点文物保护单位。

大家在看西方的电视剧或者电影的时候，经常可以看到高大的尖塔式钟楼，上面有一面巨大的机械钟。每到整点或者半点自动报时。中国早在宋朝时候，宫廷内就有了以水流作为动力的自动报时的机械钟，当时叫做水运仪象台，主要作用是观测天文，但是，由于这种技术被皇室垄断，无法普及，终于导致技术失传。所以，中国古代的城市报时装置还是使用青铜钟。钟楼建筑高大，所以钟声可以传的很远，把时间告知这个个城市。

而鼓楼在城市中的作用一般是聚集众人议事，当有重大节日或者战争时候，也用来聚集民众。此外，古代城市中夜晚是实行宵禁的，禁止一切商业活动和娱乐活动。每到傍晚，鼓声敲响，商贩们便开始收摊，铺面也纷纷打烊，待到第二天早上五点敲完亮更鼓以后，人们才开始新一天的生活。

大家一定都很想知道，钟楼和鼓楼都是怎么工作的呢?那就随我一起来探索吧„„

清代原规定钟楼昼夜报时，乾隆后改为只报夜里两个更时，而且由两个更夫分别登钟、鼓楼，先击鼓后敲钟。其计时方式按古人将一夜分为五更来计算，每更为一时辰，即现在的两小时，19点为定更，21点为二更，23点为三更，1点为四更，3点为五更，5点为亮更。钟鼓楼每到定更先击鼓，后敲钟，提醒人们进入睡眠，二更到五更则只撞钟不击鼓，以免影响大家睡眠。到了亮更则先击鼓后敲钟，表示该起床了。击鼓的方法是先快击18响，再慢击18响，共击6次，共108响。撞钟与击鼓相同。

20xx年岁末的午夜11时57分，北京鼓楼沉寂了近百年的群鼓再度被敲响——25位年轻鼓手表演了《二十四节令鼓之冬》乐章(鼓谱的作者是中央民族乐团打击声乐部首席朱啸林先生)，鼓声持续3分钟，到20xx年元旦0 时结束。鼓楼从20xx年元旦起，正式对外开放。每天将四次击鼓，每次15分钟。

距离我们较近的这一座就是钟楼(北面那一座)，它是老北京中轴线的北端点。原址为元大都大天寿万宁寺之中心阁。明永乐十八年(1420xx年)建，后毁于火。清乾隆十年(1745年)重建，十二年后竣工。其楼身为正方形平面，重檐歇山顶，无梁式砖石建筑。屋顶为黑琉璃瓦绿剪边，正脊两端安背兽，两层屋檐的戗脊上均安狮子为首的五跑小兽。上层檐下施重昂五踩斗拱，下层檐下施单。

翘单昂五踩斗拱，是我国现存唯一的无梁拱券式全砖石结构的大型单体建筑，也是中国古代建筑中将建筑与传声巧妙结合的杰作。楼身四立面相同，当心开一拱券门，左右对称开券窗，窗上安设石刻仿木菱花窗。内部结构采用复合式拱券，除主体拱券之外，还于围护墙体中设有环路通道。基座为汉白玉须弥座，周围环以汉白玉栏杆。楼身之下为砖砌城台，城台上四面有城垛。台身四面开券门，内部呈十字券结构，东北隅开门，内有石阶七十五级供登临。钟楼原有明永乐年间铸造的铁钟一口，置放于楼外平地上，后由古钟博物馆收藏。钟楼内正中位置安架一八角形木框架，其上悬钟。该钟铸造于明永乐十八年，钟通高7.02米，最大直径3.40米，重约63吨，为目前我国发现最重的铜钟，被誉为“古钟之王”它是研究古代冶金史和大型青铜器物铸造技术的重要实物。钟楼正南为一座与围墙相连的三联大门，中门内为清乾隆十二年(1745年)重建钟楼碑一通，螭首方座，碑首题额《御制重建钟楼碑记》，碑阳为经筵讲官户部尚书梁诗正奉敕敬书碑文，碑阴为民国十四年(1920xx年)十月京兆尹薛笃弼书的《京兆通俗教育馆记》碑文。

钟楼后面(南面那一座)是鼓楼。鼓楼总占地面积约为7000平方米。南侧门前有石狮子一对，高约1.25米。  鼓楼，初名齐政楼，建于元至元九年(1272)，明永乐十八年(1420)重建，现存建筑为明嘉靖年十八年(1539)所建.楼高46.7米，，为重檐三滴水木结构楼阁建筑，通高46.7米。楼身有上下二个功能层和中间的一个结构暗层，平面面阔五间，进深三间，外带周围廊;城台(下层)外显面阔七间，进深五间，内部为拱券结构，前后各有三座券门，左右各一券门，南门前有一对石狮。楼台东北隅有一门，门内有石梯69级，由此登临。鼓楼屋顶为灰筒瓦绿琉璃剪边重檐歇山式，正脊两端安背兽，平坐周围以木制滴珠板封护，下层檐为四坡屋顶，各层屋顶戗脊上曾置狮子为首的五跑小兽，现为仙人为首的七跑小兽。上层檐下施重昂五踩斗拱，下层檐下施单翘单昂五踩斗拱，平坐下施重翘五踩斗拱。室内方砖漫地，外檐装修采用六抹方格格扇门窗。上层室外环楼有走廊，设木栏杆，四角支撑有擎檐柱。鼓楼二层内原有主鼓一面，群鼓二十四面，代表代表一年二十四个节气，清代的群股如今仅存一面主鼓，鼓高2.22米，长2.25米，腰径1.71米，鼓面直径1.40米，已残破不堪，并在鼓皮上留有侵华日军用刺刀捅破的刀痕;有木制鼓座，鼓座为红油漆上雕云纹，高1.8米，长2米，宽1.9米。1988年依据旧主鼓复制两面新鼓;后又依据清嘉庆年间的史料记载仿制主鼓一面，鼓高2.40米，鼓面直径1.60米，二十四面小鼓高1.60米，鼓面直径1.12米。

从前在鼓楼上还有用于计时的“铜刻漏”，可惜早已遗失。据文献记载：“鼓楼之铜刻漏制极精妙，故老相传，以为先宋故物，其制为铜漏壶四：上曰‘天池’，次曰‘平水’，又次曰‘万分’，下曰‘收水’„„口安挠神，设机械，时至，则每刻击铙者八，以壶水满为度。涸则随是增添，冬则用火温之。”当年鼓楼击鼓报时，有一定的规律。每晚7时“定更”，击鼓两通，共108声，以后，每个 更次都击鼓两通108声，直至五更(晨5时)击最后的“亮更”鼓。击鼓也有一定的节奏，至今，北京仍流传着“紧十 八，慢十八，不紧不慢又十八”之说。

鼓楼以漏刻计时，击鼓定更;从元朝到清朝，钟楼撞钟报时的历史延续了652年。1920xx年后钟楼，鼓楼成为京城民众教育及娱乐场所。曾一度名为“明耻楼”，展有八国联军在北京屠杀和抢掠的图片、实物和模型。现在，为了传承古老民族文化精华，钟鼓楼文物保管所已完成了铜刻漏的仿制及二十五面定更鼓的复制。再现了“漏刻计时、击鼓定更、撞钟报时”的恢弘历史画面，精心仿制的 铜刻漏可生动演示古代计时与报刻;每日定更的击鼓表演，每年新旧交替的撞钟活动，吸引越来越多的中外游客走进钟鼓楼。 钟鼓楼之上还是鸟瞰北京古都风貌最好的地方，您可以在这里好好欣赏一下北京城。

各位游客，关于钟鼓楼的讲解到此就暂告一段落了，谢谢大家。

各位游客：

大家好!欢迎你们来到颐和园，我是这次全程旅行陪伴你们的导游，我叫，平常的朋友都喜欢喊我小x，在这些日子里我希望能和你们一起渡过北京游玩的日子，一系列的景观都是由我来给大家解说和解答，各位准备好出发了吗!

颐和园，位于北京西北郊，原是清代的皇家园林和行宫。颐和园主要由万寿山和昆明湖组成，占地290.8公顷，其中水面占地四分之三。清朝乾隆皇帝诗曰“何处燕山最畅怀，无双风月属昆明”来赞美昆明湖。颐和园的构思之巧妙，建筑之精致，集我国园林艺术之大成，有“皇家园林博物馆”之称。

我们现在来到的是颐和园的长廊。这条长廊有七百多米长，分成273间。每一间的横槛上都有五彩的画，分别画着人物、风景和动植物，几千幅画，没有哪两幅是相同的。

请到这边来，这就是万寿山。看，立在半山腰上的八角宝塔形的三层建筑，那就是佛香阁，黄色的琉璃瓦还在闪闪发光呢!下面的一排排金碧辉煌的宫殿，就是排云殿。

大家小心上山。现在我们到了佛香阁了，从这里向下看，那葱郁的树丛，掩映着黄的绿的琉璃瓦屋顶和朱红的城墙。现在大家向正前方看，昆明湖静的多像一面镜子，绿的多像一块碧玉呀!游船、画舫在湖面上慢慢滑过，几乎一点痕迹都不留。大家再向东远眺，是不是隐隐约约可以望见几座城楼和城外的白塔呢?

现在我们就来到昆明湖了。大家看那座横跨湖上的石桥，桥上有十七个桥洞，所以叫十七孔桥;桥栏上的石柱有几百根，大家有兴趣的话可以数数，每根柱子上都雕刻着小狮子，栩栩如生，活灵活现。

游客们，今天我们游玩了美丽的颐和园，明天我们会再继续游览下一个景点，明天见。

亲爱的游客们，你们好吗?我是你们的导游，你们可以叫我刘导，我们今天所要参观的就是以前皇帝祭天的地方天坛。

明朝永乐皇帝在北京南城仿照南京的大祀殿建立了这作用于祭天的圣坛，主建筑是大祀殿，也就是今天祈年殿的位置上。天坛有外坛墙和内坛墙，北面是圆形，南面是方形，取意天圆地方。

现在我们正沿着天坛建筑的中轴线向南行进，将要看到的就是古代皇帝祭天的圜丘坛。圜丘有两道围护墙，使外方内圆，符合天圆地方的说法。需要特别提到的是皇帝恭读祝文所站立的地方，就是刚才所说的台面中心天心石。他是天坛三大声学现象之一。在这里朗读的时候声音特别洪亮，而且现在这里也是一样的，各位游客不妨体会一下这奇特的效果，也像当年的皇帝一样，向上天诉说自己美好的愿望。

也许您刚才就已经注意到了，天坛有非常多的柏树，不错，它就好像北京一个天然的氧吧。而在这许多古柏当中，有一株500余岁的桧柏，就是回音壁西墙外的这棵九龙柏。它的树干纹理非常的奇特，布满了沟壑，而且旋转扭曲，好像9条蟠龙缠绕嬉戏，所以叫它九龙柏真是一点也不过分。请大家不要攀爬树木，注意自己的言行，这是一个神圣的地方，我们要保持宁静的心态，

解放以后天坛不仅成了着名的旅游景点，而且还是北京城市绿地的组成部分，来这里的不光是旅游者，还不乏一些专门为了强身健体的老人们。

今天的游览结束了，希望这次游览能让大家记住、在大家的心里留下深刻的回忆。

希望大家下次再来哦。

颐和园是中国现存规模最大、保存最完整的皇家园林，中国四大名园(另三座为承德避暑山庄、苏州拙政园、苏州留园)之一。位于北京市海淀区，距北京城区十五公里，占地约二百九十公顷。利用昆明湖、万寿山为基址，以杭州西湖风景为蓝本，汲取江南园林的某些设计手法和意境而建成的一座大型天然山水园，也是保存得最完整的一座皇家行宫御苑，被誉为皇家园林博物馆。

颐和园(Summer Palace)原是清朝帝王的行宫和花园，前身清漪园，为三山五园(三山是指万寿山、香山和玉泉山。三座山上分别建有三园清漪园、静宜园、静明园，此外还有附近的畅春园和圆明园，统称五园)中最后兴建的一座园林，始建于1750年，1764年建成，面积290公顷,水面约占四分之三。

乾隆继位以前，在北京西郊一带，已建起了四座大型皇家园林，从海淀到香山这四座园林自成体系，相互间缺乏有机的联系，中间的“瓮山泊”成了一片空旷地带。乾隆十五年(1750年)，乾隆皇帝为孝敬其母孝圣皇后动用448万两白银在这里改建为清漪园，以此为中心把两边的四个园子连成一体，形成了从现清华园到香山长达二十公里的皇家园林区。

咸丰十年(1860年)，清漪园被英法联军焚毁。光绪十四年(1888年)，慈禧太后以筹措海军经费的名义动用银两(据专家考证，应为500至600万两白银)，由样式雷的第七代传人雷廷昌主持重建，改称颐和园，作消夏游乐地。

到光绪二十六年(1920xx年)，颐和园又遭“八国联军”的破坏，许多珍宝被劫掠一空。光绪二十九年(1920xx年)修复。后来在军阀混战、-统治时期，又遭破坏，1949年之后政府不断拨款修缮，1961年3月4日，颐和园被公布为第一批全国重点文物保护单位，1998年11月被列入《世界遗产名录》。20xx年5月8日，颐和园经国家旅游局正式批准为国家5A级旅游景区。 20xx年，颐和园入选中国世界纪录协会中国现存最大的皇家园林。颐和园拥有多项世界之最、中国之最。

Prince Gongs residence is located in Qianhai West Street, XichengDistrict, Beijing. It is the largest palace in Qing Dynasty. It was successivelyused as the residence of the corrupt official and Prince Qing. Later, it wasgiven to Prince Gong Yixin, hence the name of Prince Gongs residence, which isstill in use today. Prince Gongs residence has gone through the historicalprocess of the Qing Dynasty from its heyday to its decline, so there is a sayingthat "a Prince Gongs residence, half of the history of the Qing Dynasty".

&This is the description of Prince Gongs residence in historicalbooks. In terms of its location, it occupies an excellent position in thecapital. The ancients paid great attention to Fengshui in building houses andgardens. It is said that there are two dragon veins in Beijing. One is the EarthDragon, which is the dragon vein of the Forbidden City; the other is the waterdragon, which refers to the line between Houhai and Beihai. Prince Gongsresidence is just on the connecting line between Houhai and Beihai, which is thedragon vein. Therefore, Fengshui is very good. The ancients took water as theirwealth. They found water everywhere in Prince Gongs mansion. The water of thelargest pavilion in the center of the lake was introduced from Yuquan lake, andit only entered but did not flow out. Therefore, it is more in line with thetheory of geomantic omen. Chinas top ten marshals and Guo Moruo and others alllived near Prince Gongs residence and lived a long life. It is said that theplace with the largest number of long-lived people in Beijing is near PrinceGongs residence. This place is really a treasure land of geomantic omen.

Prince Gongs mansion is composed of two parts: Mansion and garden. It isabout 330 meters long from north to South and 180 meters wide from east to west.It covers an area of 61120 square meters, including 32260 square meters ofmansion and 28860 square meters of garden. The mansion is not only spacious, butalso the highest standard of architecture. The obvious signs are the front doorand the number of houses. There are five front rooms, seven main rooms, fiveback rooms, seven back rooms, and a side room on the left and right. There mustbe no more royal mansions than these. The form of the house and the color of thetiles should not exceed the standard. There are three courtyards in the middle,East and West roads of Prince Gongs mansion, and the back two courtyards ofeach road are the main areas for people to visit.

The mansion building is divided into East, middle and West roads, each ofwhich is composed of multiple courtyard buildings running through the strictcentral axis from south to north.

The main buildings on the middle road are yinan hall and Jiale hall. Theroof of the hall is green glazed tiles, which shows the majesty of the middleroad and the identity of the prince. The front courtyard of East Road is calledduofuxuan. In front of the hall, there is a vine that has been growing for morethan 200 years. It is still growing very well. It is extremely rare in thecapital. The main room of the backyard on East Road is called "ledotang", whichwas the living place of Prince Gong Yi Xin. The siheyuan on the west road isrelatively small and exquisite. The main buildings are Baoguang room andxijinzhai. The most exquisite work is xijinzhai, which belongs to thehigh-profile school. There are exquisitely carved sections of Nanmu in the hall,which is in the style of ningshou palace in the Forbidden City (this is one ofthe "twenty crimes" of Hezhens being condemned to death). In the deepest partof the mansion, there is a two-story back cover building, 156 meters long fromeast to west. There are 88 windows on the back wall. There are 108 rooms in thebuilding, commonly known as "99 rooms and a half", which means "when you getthere, you will get rich".

Its called "Langrun garden" or "cuijin garden". Its commonly known asGongwangfu garden. Wandering in the garden is like walking in the mountains andrivers. Echoing the residence, the garden is also divided into East, West andEast. The entrance of the middle road is a white marble arched stone gate withwestern architectural style, centered on the stele of "Fu" written by EmperorKangxi, with dulefeng and bat pool in front and green sky Xiaoyin and bat hallin the back. The layout is memorable. The Grand Theater Hall on the east road isdecorated with fresh and beautiful decoration. The purple flowers of twigs andvines are in full bloom, making people feel like watching the Opera under thevines. At the south end of the theater, the Ming daozhai, the winding pathleading to seclusion, the hanging green Yue, the singing fragrance and thedrunken moon, and the Liubei Pavilion constitute the garden in the garden. Inthe garden, there are towering ancient trees, lots of strange rocks, wateraround the mountains, pavilions, pavilions and corridors. The landscape of thegarden under the moonlight is ever-changing, with a unique cave. Many Chineseand foreign tourists come here, looking for the past of green mountains, clearwaters and winding paths.

Prince Gongs residence, located in Qianhai West Street, was built in 1776& mdash; 1785. It was originally the private residence of He Li, a favoriteMinister of Qianlong in Qing Dynasty. After he Li was killed in Jiaqing forcorruption, the private residence here was given to King Qing. During the reignof Tongzhi, because Prince Gong Yixin cooperated with Cixi to launch a coup,Empress Dowager Cixi gave the house to him and became Prince Gongsresidence.

The hall of silver Luan is the main building of Prince Gongs residence. Asthe main hall of the palace, it can only be opened when there are importantevents and festivals, which plays a role of etiquette. In the early years of theRepublic of China, due to an accidental fire, the main hall was burned togetherwith the East and west side halls. Now the courtyard of yinan hall isrebuilt.

The architecture in the period of Hetao. There is a plaque on the side ofJiale hall. It is suspected that the plaque was given to Hezhen by EmperorQianlong, but there is no money and seal on the plaque, so there is no reason toconfirm it. However, Hezhen has jialetang poetry anthology, which indicates thatit is the room name of Hezhen. In the period of Prince Gong, Jiale hall wasmainly used as the sacrificial place of the Royal Palace, where the tablets ofancestors and gods were offered, and Shamanism was the main ritual. PrinceGongs mansion covers an area of about 60000 square meters. It is divided intotwo parts: the mansion and the garden. It has more than 30 buildings of varioustypes, with exquisite layout and extraordinary style. Its garden, also known asjincui garden, has a high artistic level in layout and design. The gardenimitates the palace of peaceful longevity in the imperial palace. The park issurrounded by rockeries in the shape of "mountain". In the East, South and West,there are mounds of earth and stone. In the middle of the road, there are cavesand gullies made of Fangshan stone. The top platform becomes the highest pointof the whole garden. From a high position, you can see the whole garden. PrinceGongs mansion was rebuilt on the basis of the officials residence. Among the20 major crimes he convicted in that year, there was the problem of "potentialwaste and overstepping the system" about the decoration of the eaves. Forexample, the 13th section of the article "found that the house of he had a nanmuhall, and its multi box structure and partition doors and windows imitated thesystem of ningshou Palace";. Therefore, the decoration of the eaves of PrinceGongs residence is unique in the culture of Prince Gongs residence

1、 It has the highest specifications and can be compared with the palacebuildings

The decoration of the eaves of the main halls of Prince Gongs mansion isnot only duobaoge and partition, but also xianlou and the sacrificial stove withPilu hat in the temple. And has the indoor rockery pool, the decoration becomesthe indoor small garden, is ingenious.

2、 There are many forms

From the leitu, we can see that there were more than 20 buildings decoratedwith inner eaves in those years, and there were many types, such as taishibi,throne bed, blue gauze cabinet, sacrificial stove, Wanzi Kang, several legscover, floor cover, Kang cover, true and false door, xianlou, shuge, duobaoge,shunshan Kang, front and back eaves Kang, etc.

3、 Flexible demarcation and rich space:

The main halls of Prince Gongs mansion are composed of solemn and solemnopen space, private space, symmetrical space, asymmetric space and flexiblespace. Some are suitable to receive senior guests, some are used for Shamanismsacrificial activities, some are suitable for daily life, and some are used assleep, so different space needs are appropriate.

4、 Exquisite workmanship and superb skills:

It can be seen from the decoration remains of Prince Gongs mansion thathardwood is used. The processed wood can be made into small sections, and thecarving patterns are undulating accurately. Moreover, various kinds of wagonscan be made by using circles or curves. Only on the basis of fine processing canit be completed. The construction difficulty is amazing. Unfortunately, most ofthe original eaves decoration of Prince Gongs mansion has disappeared. Today,through the study of the culture of Prince Gongs mansion, we should furtherexcavate it, combine with the future exhibition requirements of the Museum ofPrince Gongs mansion, and reproduce the glory of that year.

In 1776, the 41st year of Emperor Qianlongs reign, He Lin began to buildhis luxurious house, which was called "he di";. It is said that during the reignof emperor Hongzhi of the Ming Dynasty, Li Guang, the great eunuch, was onceplaced here. On the third day of the first month of the fourth year of Jiaqing,Emperor Hongli returned to heaven. On the next day, Jiaqing stripped theMinister of military aircraft and the governor of Jiumen from his home. It isestimated that his total wealth is about 800 million taels of silver, which isequivalent to the fiscal revenue of the Qing government for 15 years. Therefore,there is a saying that "when he falls, Jiaqing is satisfied.". On February 22,1799, on the 18th of the first month of the same year, he was ordered to commitsuicide;. The house itself, however, is owned by Prince Qingyu, his youngerbrother.

At the same time, Qianlongs daughter and Princess Xiao, who were marriedto the son of Hetao, still lived in half the house. In 1851, the first year ofXianfeng, Prince Gong Yi, an important political figure in the late QingDynasty, became the third generation owner of the house and changed its name toPrince Gongs house, which is still in use today. &"A Prince Gongs mansion,half of the history of Qing Dynasty" is the evaluation of Prince Gongs Mansionby Hou Renzhi, a historical geographer. In the early years of the Republic ofChina, the palace was sold to the church by Prince Gongs grandson Pu Wei for400000 yuan. Later, it was redeemed by Furen university with 108 gold bars andused as a school for girls. After the founding of new China, Wangfu has beenused by dormitories of the Ministry of public security, fan factories,conservatory of music and other units.

Prince Gongs mansion is the most complete preserved building complex inChina, which is divided into two parts: the mansion and the garden, with themansion in the front and the garden in the back. The opening of Prince Gongsresidence was put on the agenda as early as 30 years ago. In 1975, Premier Zhouentrusted Gu Mu with three unfinished tasks in his hospital bed, one of whichwas the opening of Prince Gongs residence.

Prince Gongs residence was built in the reign of Emperor Qianlong of theQing Dynasty. It was the private residence of Heshi, a bachelor.

In the early years of Tongzhi, Yixin, the third generation of the hosthere, was the king of politics and the leader of the military plane. He was verypowerful and distinguished for a time. He built the mansion and renovated thepart of the mansion. It was at that time that the architectural scale andpattern of Prince Gongs mansion was finally formed.

The first half of Prince Gongs mansion is a magnificent mansion, and thesecond half is a deep and beautiful classical garden, covering an area of nearly60000 square meters. The mansion is dignified and solemn, simple and elegant,with bright corridors and ridges. It is second only to the imperial palace. Thecuijin garden at the back of the mansion is surrounded by water and mountains,with towering ancient trees, winding corridors, pavilions and pavilions.

According to the existing literature, in this Fengshui treasure land on theWest Bank of Qianhai in the capital, surrounded by "panlongshui", there was alarge-scale temple in the yuan and Ming Dynasties, which was full of incense andfull of visitors. Even the emperor came here to worship the Buddha. It was onlyin the middle of the 16th century that the temple was gradually abandoned andreduced to a supply factory of the Ming Dynasty. After the Qing Dynasty came toBeijing, a number of courtyards of different sizes were built here for ordinarybanners such as the house of internal affairs.

Around the 40th year of Emperor Qianlongs reign, He Lin, who was red andpurple in front of the emperor, fell in love with this Fengshui treasure land,which is surrounded by water, connected to the western mountains, and not farfrom the emperors home. He bought many properties here at a high price andbuilt them into famous "and" Di ";.

Prince Gongs residence is known as "half of the history of Qing Dynasty",which is closely related to the three generations of owners living here. As weall know, the first generation of government leader he Lu was a Zaifu and abachelor in the late Qianlong period. He was also a famous corrupt official inhistory. He attracted peoples attention in the history of the Qing Dynasty, andthere were so many legends about him. In particular, his son, Fengshen Yin De,later married the youngest daughter of Emperor Qianlong, Gu Lun, and PrincessXiao, which made the mansion a real princess house for a while;

In the fourth year of Jiaqing, he Zhen died for his crime, so the emperorof Jiaqing gave the house to his younger brother Yongzhen, the king of Qingjun.Yongli is probably the most beloved of all the owners of this mansion. As earlyas when he Lin was in power, all the princes of Qianlong agreed that no matterwho became emperor in the future, he would be killed. But the 17th PrinceYonglin said: "no matter which elder brother becomes emperor in the future, Iwill be satisfied if he Lins mansion is awarded to me!";

When it comes to Yongyao, many people are not familiar with him. But whenit comes to his grandson, Yizhe, the prince of Qing who signed the "Treaty ofsorrow and Disgrace" with Li Hongzhang and the Allied forces of the eightcountries, Im afraid everyone knows about him. Yi Zhe is also a famous corruptofficial in modern Chinese history, but compared with the cowardly andincompetent Bailey in the late Qing Dynasty, he is still a man who dares to beresponsible and can entrust heavy responsibilities. Therefore, since the TongzhiDynasty, Yi zhe has been favored by Empress Dowager Cixi. Before Xianfengchanged his residence to Prince Gong, he lived here as a general of theauxiliary country.

As for Prince Gong Yixin, he was one of the most important politicalfigures in modern Chinese history. He participated in the second Opium War andalmost all the major political activities after it (1853-1898). During the"Xinyou coup", he helped Cixi to the throne of "hanging curtain to listen topolitics"; It is no exaggeration to say that without Yi Xin, the whole modernChinese history, and even the later Chinese history, would have beenrewritten.

If all things in the world are spiritual, then this beautiful buildingsurrounded by "panlongshui" is destined to be a miserable garden full of sadtemperament and ill fated from the day it was born.

In the fourth year of Jiaqing (1799), after he was executed, EmperorJiaqing gave the west half of the mansion to his seventeen younger brotherYongyu, who only wanted to live in hes house but not in the emperors seat. Thereason why they only gave him half of them was that the Emperor Qianlongs tenprincesses and their son-in-law, Fengshen Yinde, lived there at that time.

Princess Hexiao is the most legendary princess in the whole history of QingDynasty. Her biological mother is Wangs favorite concubine in the late years ofEmperor Qianlong. In the first month of Qianlongs 40th year, when the youngestdaughter came to the world, whose temperament and appearance all resembled herfathers, the emperor was already 65 years old. Although the ten princesses werewomen, they were born with divine power. They could open ten strong bows andoften rode with their father in hunting. As a result, Qianlong loved her morethan all his children. He sighed more than once: "if you are an elder brother,the throne will belong to you in the future!" indeed, the ten princesses werenot only excellent in martial arts, but also had an extraordinary mind. When hewas happy, his son-in-law relied on his father-in-law and behaved delicatelyEven though, the princess once sternly reprimanded him: "you, Amar, have beengracious to my father. You dont want to repay him, but you only know how totake bribes. Im worried about you. On the day when my wealth is not guaranteed,even I will be affected by you“

Although the ten Princesses words were unfortunately right, EmperorJiaqing still remembered his brother and sisters love and did not deprive himof the title of his younger sister husband. The princess and his wife stilllived in their original home. Therefore, the house was divided into two parts:QingWangs house in the West and princesss house in the East. It was not untilSeptember 1823, when the tenth Princess died, that the whole house came underthe name of QingWang. At that time, Yongyu had been dead for more than threeyears;

After 1911, according to the regulations of the government of the Republicof China on preferential treatment of Qing Dynasty, the palace became theprivate property of the owner. Later, because of the political turmoil and thedifficulties of livelihood, the posterity kings and grandchildren came intobeing one after another