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北京历史博物馆解说词精选20篇

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简单的北京龙庆峡导游词

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 741 字

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龙庆峡位于北京市延庆县城东北10公里的古城村西北的古城河口,距北京城区85公里。龙庆峡古称"古城九曲",被人们誉为北京的"小漓江",是北京十六景之一。其水源于海坨山东麓,经玉渡山汇入古城水库。

延庆的龙庆峡峰峦峭立,山清水秀,7公里长的峡谷既有南方的秀丽,又有北方的雄奇,开阔与幽深间或,险峻与浅滩并存,神仙院、金刚寺、玉泉阁、神笔峰等奇山异景胜似仙境,到了冬天又成为冰雕和冰灯的世界。每年的冰灯节吸引了众多的八方宾客。

北京龙庆峡被人们誉为北京的“小漓江”。龙庆峡水库高耸的大坝相连着两座山,其宽有四五十米,大坝犹如一把白色的巨锁把龙锁住了。登上大坝俯瞰北面,墨绿色的水面倒影着山峦和白云。东西的两座山,峭壁直立,像刀切似的,足有几十丈高,“龙庆峡”可能由此峡而得名。当你划船而渡,大有“山重水复疑无路”、“柳暗花明又一村”之感。水似飘罗带,曲曲弯弯,山不转水转,仿佛永无尽头,每转一山就是一景。那千姿百态的山和石,有的像出鞘的剑,有的像举起的大锤,有的像昂首的虎,有的像扭着头的象……因此人们根据它们的形状取名为“震山如来”、“鸡冠子山”、“金缸山”等等。

两边的崖岸之上,有镇山如来、石?熊跳岩、九连洞、鸡冠山、金刚山、马蹄潭、将军岩、金刚寺遗址等奇峰怪石,堪称“塞外一绝”。它既有塞外的雄奇,又兼有江南的秀丽,可与桂林的漓江、长江的三峡相媲美。是北京十六景之一。

该景区集南方山水的妩媚秀丽和北方山水的雄浑壮观于一体,峡谷曲折蜿蜒,河水幽长碧绿。两岸山崖险峻,森林茂密,裸露的石灰岩形成奇特造型,特别是长年被水浸蚀所形成的溶洞和洞中的石笋、石柱、石断层,与漓江山石极相似,只是当您抬头观望山峰时,才可感到北方峰崖的雄伟峻峭。龙庆峡南面为八达岭长城,西北为松山森林公园,正西是海坨山。

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篇1:北京故宫建筑导游词

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:建筑,导游,全文共 478 字

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现在我给大家介绍一下。故宫,又称紫禁城,是明清两代的皇宫,故宫是世界是现存规模最大最完整的古代木结构建筑群,为我国现存最大最完整的古代木结构建筑群。它始建于明永乐四年(公元1460年),厉时十四年才完工,共有24位皇帝先后在此登基。历史很悠久。紫禁城占地72万多平方米,共有宫殿9000多间,都是黄琉璃瓦顶、青白石底座,饰以金碧辉煌的彩画。故宫标志着我们祖国悠久的文化传统,显示着五百多年前匠师们在建筑上的卓越成就。我们到了,大家请下车。您看,这就是故宫里最吸引人的建筑是三座大殿:太和殿、中和殿和保和殿。它们建在汉白玉砌成的8米高的台基上,远望犹如神话中的琼宫仙阙,都有黄琉璃瓦顶、青白石底座,金碧辉煌的彩画,。第一座大殿太和殿是最富丽堂皇的建筑,俗称“金銮殿”,是皇帝举行大典的地方,殿高28米,东西63米,南北35米,柱子是沥粉金漆的蟠龙柱。御座设在殿内高2米的台上,前有造型美观的仙鹤、炉、鼎,后面有精雕细刻的围屏。整个大殿装饰得金碧辉煌, 庄严绚丽。中和殿是皇帝去太和殿举行大典前稍事休息和演习礼仪的地方。保和殿是每年除夕皇帝赐宴外藩王公的场所。

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篇2:北京北海公园景点导游词

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 1199 字

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游客朋友们:

您们好,欢迎您到北海公园参观游览。

北海公园位于北京市的中心,是我园现存最悠久、保存最完整的皇家园林之一,距今已有近千年的历史

北海园林的开发始于辽代,金代又在辽代初创的基础上于大定十九年(1179年)建成规模宏伟的太宁宫。太宁宫沿袭我国皇家园林“一池三山”的规制,并将北宋汴京艮岳御园中的太湖石移置于琼华岛上。至元四年(1267年),元世祖忽必烈以太宁宫琼华岛为中心营建大都,琼华岛及其所在的湖泊被划入皇城,赐名万寿山、太液池永乐十八年(1420xx年)明朝正式迁都北京,万寿山、太液池成为紫禁城西面的御苑,称西苑。明代向南开拓水面,形成三海的格局。清朝承袭明代的西苑,乾隆时期对北海进行大规模的改建,奠定了此后的规模和格局。辛亥革命后,1920xx年北海辟为公园对外开放。1949年新中国成立后,党和政府对北海公园的保护极为重视,拨巨资予以修葺,1961年被国务院公布为第一批全园重点文物保护单位。

北海是中国历史园林的艺术杰作。全园占地69公顷(其中水面39公顷),主要由琼华岛、东岸、北岸景区组成琼华岛上树木苍郁,殿宇栉比,亭台楼阁,错落有致,白塔耸立山巅,成为公园的标志,环湖垂柳掩映着濠濮间、画舫斋、静心斋、天王殿、快雪堂、九龙壁、五龙亭、小西天等众多著名景点,北海园林博采众长,有北方园林的宏阔气势和江南私家园林婉约多姿的风韵,并蓄帝王宫苑的富丽堂皇及宗教寺院的庄严肃穆,气象万千而又浑然一体,是中国园林艺术的瑰宝。北海位于北京故宫西北,是我国现存历史悠久、规模宏伟的一处古代帝王宫苑。素有人间“仙山琼阁”之美誉这里原是辽、金、元、明、清五个朝代的皇家“离宫御苑 明、清两代,北海与中海、南海合称三海清乾隆年间大规模扩建,现存建筑多为那时所建,基本上已是现在的格局了。

北海全区可分为琼华岛、团城、北海东岸与北岸四个部分琼华岛是全园的中心,岛上建筑、造景繁复多变,堪称北海胜景东部以佛教建筑为主,永安寺、正觉殿、白塔,自下而上,高低错落,其中尤以高耸入云的白塔最为醒目;西部以悦心殿、庆霄楼等系列建筑为主,另有阅古楼、漪澜堂、双虹榭和许多假山隧洞、回廊、曲径等建筑。

北海东、北两岸有建筑群多处,各具特色,有画舫斋、濠濮涧、静心斋、天王殿、小西天、五龙亭、九龙壁等园中园和佛寺建筑北海南为屹立于水滨的团城,以永安桥与琼华岛相连;团城上的建筑按中轴线对称布置,主殿承光殿位于中央,规模宏大,造型精巧。北海公园的面积为68公顷,其中水面约占39公顷总观北海全园的建筑布局,以白塔为中心,以琼华岛为主体的四面景观。山顶耸立的白塔建于清顺治八年(1651年),内藏有喇嘛经卷和衣钵等四周殿阁相连,形成众星捧月之势湖东岸、北岸有几处庭院、寺庙建筑湖边的五龙亭似飘若动,构成了北海的又一独特景致。位于北岸的九龙壁更是气势磅礴,为中国仅有的三个九龙壁之一园中的“仿膳饭庄”以经营清宫风味菜肴著称。

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篇3:北京清华大学的导游词

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:大学,导游,全文共 498 字

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今天是我和老爸在北京旅行的最后一天,我们一起去了清华大学

清华大学是我国乃至世界的一流学校,因此门禁十分严格,只能持有北大或清华的学生证的学生与老师才能进入,我们被堵在门前迟迟不能进入。虽然正门的门禁似铜墙铁壁,但是东门的门却是敞开的,于是我们便顺利进入了清华大学的校门。

进了清华大学,放眼望去,整齐的街道与绿色的草木相呼相映,路边的雕塑与长椅搭配,美不胜收。一进门便是清华大学的法学院。青砖砌成的楼房,整整齐齐,甚是威严;笔直的大理石柱,四个排成一行,支撑起巨大的平台。那系徽上的大钟,让我们铭记警钟长鸣的忠告。

再往前走,就是清华园,清华园是清华大学的前身,放眼望去,大门上的三个大字刚劲有力,大理石的园门端凝而又厚重,路边的树木更是郁郁葱葱。漫步在清华园,环绕在美景中,听鸟声,听风声,好事悠闲惬意。

继续向前,到了清华音乐院,曲线形的设计充满美感,好似一串串跳动的音符,几位刚参加完毕业典礼的学生在此拍照,仿佛要留下自己在清华的最后一点印记,一个个脸上洋溢着幸福的笑容。是啊,他们是中国最高学府的高材生,必将成为国家栋梁。看到他们我不由心生羡慕,不禁暗下决心“我也像他们一样成为一名清华生”。

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篇4:北京导游词英语加翻译

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,翻译,全文共 1462 字

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Respected tourists:

It seems that everyone is very energetic. Today we are going to visit theGreat Wall. Please be prepared. The Great Wall is the longest building in China.It is also the most famous building in China. Its length reaches more than 13000Li. We often call it the Great Wall.

First of all, we came to the foot of the Great Wall. You see, the the GreatWall is so tall and strong that it uses huge stones and brick. The top of thecity wall is paved with square tiles. It is very smooth. Like a wide road, fiveor six horses can be parallel.

Do you see a hole in the tooth, a small square, and a fortress? Let me tellyou what the three things are for? That hole like a tooth! Its called a look. Ithink you must know why it calls it? Ill tell you, when the war was, the eightuncle came to see the situation, that small square. The shape is called anarchery. It is used for archery. That fort is used for city platforms to echoeach other.

Everyone is tired, is it hungry? Can I eat a bit of food, I send you a bagfor garbage, remember not to throw rubbish, Ill tell you a story about theGreat Wall: Qin Shihuang fought a lot before, and then he thought of buildingthe Great Wall, so he took all the men of Qin State To catch the the Great Wall,Qin Shihuang was afraid that the men would run away, so he tied the feet of themen together. How many laboring peoples sweat and wisdom is the only way toform the the Great Wall that has never seen before or after.

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篇5:介绍北京的英文导游词

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 17574 字

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Good morning Ladies and Gentlemen:

My name is ___. I’m very honored to be youre guide. I do hope all of youcould like my guiding and enjoy everything on your pleasant day. This morning weare going to visit the Summer Palace. The Summer Palace is located on thenorthwest suburbs of Beijing, about 20 kilometers away from the center of thecity. So it will take us about 1 hour to get there. Before we arrived at theSummer Palace, I would like to introduce you a brief introduction of thewoderful imperial garden. The Summer Palace is the most beautiful and thelargest imperial garden existing in Chinan, and it is the best-preservedimperial garden in the world. In 1998, it was placed on the List of WorldCultural Heritage by the UNESCO.

The Summer Palace was first built as an imperial garden at the beginning of12th century in the Jin Dynasty. The construction continued to the Yuan and Mingdynasties. In the Qing Dynasty, the building of imperial gardens reached itsculmination. During Emperor Qianlong’s reign, the famous ‘Three Hills and FiveGardens’ were built on the northwest suburbs of Beijing. The Summer Palace was apart of it and at that time was called the Garden of Clear Ripples. In 1860, theAnglo-French Allied Forces invaded Beijing. The ‘Three Hills and Five Gardens’were burnt down to ashes.

In 1888, the Empress Dowager Cixi spent the navy fund having the Garden ofClear Ripples rebuilt. And then she renamed it the Garden of Nurtured Harmony(Summer Palace).

In 1900, the Allied Forces of Eight Powers invaded Beijing. The SummerPalace was once again severely damaged. It was rebuilt again in 1902.

In 1924, the Last Emperor Puyi was driven out of the palace, after that,the Summer Palace was turned into a public park.

Ladies and Gentlemen, please look over there, in front of us is an archway.It is called “Emptiness and the collection of excellence”, and it is the firstscenery of the Summer Palace. The two Chinese words on the front side of thearchway mean emptiness and refer to everything in nature and in the scenery. Thetwo words on the back side mean Collection of Excellence and refer to thetranquility of the beautiful scenery just within the garden.

(outside the East Palace Gate)

Now, we have arrived at the East Palace Gate. It’s the main entrance of theSummer Palace. On top of the gate there is a plaque with three Chinesecharacters ‘The Summer Palace’ in Emperor Guangxu’s handwriting. The gate thatwe are now entering was used by the emperor, the empress only in the olddays.

(Inside the East Palace Gate)

Now we are inside the Summer Palace. In front of us is the second gate ofthe Summer Palace— the Gate of Benevolence and Longevity. The annex halls onboth sides were used for officials on duty and the offices of the Privy Council.Well, Before we start our tour in the garden, I will briefly introduce you thelayout of the Summer Palace and our tour route. O.K., ladies and gentlemen, mayI have your attention please? Let’s look at the map together, From it we can seethe Summer Palace covers an area of 290 hectares, which the lake occupies thethree-fourths. The whole garden can be divide into three parts: the area was forpolitical activities, resting places of the emperor and empress, and sightseeingareas. Our tour will start from the area of the political activities, and endoff the Marble Boat. On the way, we will visit the main constructions of theSummer Palace, such as the Hall of Jade Ripples, the Hall of Happiness andLongevity, the Long Corridor, the Hall of Dispelling Clouds and so on. It willtake us about two hours to visit the Summer Palace. Please attention, we won’twalk back and our driver will pick us up at the North Gate. Should you get lostor separated from the group, please meet us at the North Gate.

Ok, everyone, let’s start our tour from the emperors’ office --- the Hallof Benevolence and Longevity. Follow me please.

(Inside the courtyard of the Benevolence and Longevity)

Passing through the Gate of Benevolence and Longevity, we have alreadyentered the courtyard of the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity. The huge rock infront of us is Taihu Rock. It was quarried from Taihu Lake in Jiangsu Province,so it was known as Taihu Rock. Please look around the courtyard and you can seethere are four grotesque shaped rocks placed in each corner of this courtyard,representing the four seasons of the year. The Taihu Rocks are usually used asdecoration for beautifying gardens and they are thin, crease, leak andpenetration in characters.

The bronze mythical animal behind the Taihu Rock is known as Suanni or somepeople call it Qilin. According to ancient Chinese mythology, the dragon hadnine sons, but none of them became a real dragon. Suanni was one of the ninesons of the dragon. It was an auspicious animal that could avoid evil spirits inancient lengeds. Suanni has the head of dragon, the antlers of dear, the hoovesof ox and the tail of lion.

(In front of the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity)

This grand hall is the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity. It was firstbuilt in 1750. The name of this hall taken from a book entitled ‘Lun Yu’ byConfucius doctrine means, “ those who are benevolent can enjoy a long life.”This hall was the place where Emperor Guangxu and Empress Dowager Cixi heldaudience and handled state affairs when they were in the Summer Palace. Forprotecting the historical cultural relic, we couldn’t enter the hall. So I wouldlike to briefly introduce you the decorations in the Hall of Benevolence andLongevity. The arrangement of the hall has been left untouched. In the middle ofthe hall stands an emperor’s throne carved with nine dragons on design. Thereare two big fans on both sides behind the throne which are made of peacockfeathers. Behind the throne there is a big screen with red sandalwood frame andglass mirror inlaid. On the mirror there are 226 Chinese characters of the word‘Longevity’ written in different styles. There are two scrolls on each side ofthe wall with a big Chinese character ‘Longevity’ written on it. It was saidthat the word ‘Longevity’ written by Empress Dowager Cixi. There are 100 batspainted at the background of the scroll symbolizing happiness.

Well, please look up the two pairs of incense burners in the shape of adragon and a phoenix in front of the hall. They were used to burn incense sticksto create the appropriate atmosphere. In the old days, the dragon and phoenixwere the symbol of the emperor and empress. According to ritual, the dragonsshould be placed in the center while phoenixes were to either side in front ofthe hall.However, here, the dragons are off to the sides and the phoenixes arein the middle. This was a product of the end of Qing Dynasty when EmpressDowager Cixi handled state affairs behind the screen.

(At the entrance of Garden of virtuour Harmony)

We are now visiting the Garden of Virtuous Harmony, where Emperor Qianlongand Empress Dowager Cixi were entertained with Bejing Opera performances. Itmainly consists of the Dressing House, the Grand Theater Building and the Hallof Pleasure Smile. The Grand Theater Building was known as the ‘Cradle ofBeijing Opera’ was uniquely laid out and magnificently decorated. There are 7exhibition halls with articles of daily use on display here.

(In front of the Grand Theater Building)

This is the Grand Theater Building. Of the three main theater buildings ofthe Qing Dynasty, the Grand Theater Building is the tallest and largest one. Theother two are Changyin Pavilion in the Forbidden City and Qingyin Pavilion inthe Mountain Resort in Chengde. The Grand Theater Building, a three-storiedstructure, has a double roof with upturned eaves. It is 21 meters high and 17meters wide. Performances could be staged simultaneously on three levels. Thetop one was a symbol of happiness, the middle level was emolument level and thebottom stage was named longevity stage. Each level has the entrance and theexit. There are some trapdoors in the ceiling and below the floor for ‘celestialbeing’ to fly down from the sky and the ‘devils’ to appear from the earth to setoff a certain atmosphere on the stage. There is also a well and five ponds builtunder the stage for a good effect of water scenes. The stage is open to threesides.

Well, please look at the construction that stands right opposite the GrandTheater Building, it’s the Hall of Pleasure Smile. The Empress Dowager Cixi usedbo sit inside the hall to watch and enjoy the Peking Opera.

(A lakeside walk from the Garden of virtuous Harmony to the Hall of JadeRipples)

We are now standing in the middle of a rockery behind the Hall ofBenevolence and Longevity. It appears that there’s nothing special ahead.However, after we clear the rockery, we will reach Kunming Lake. This is anapplication of a specific style of Chinese

gardening.

Now, we are walking along the bank of the Kunming Lake. Look over there,not far away in the lake there is an islet. It’s called the Spring HeraldingIslet. The pavilion on the islet is called the Spring Heralding Pavilion. Anumber of willow trees and peach trees were planted on this islet. In earlyspring, when the ice begins to melt, peach trees are red in pink blossoms,willow trees turn a tender green signaling that the early spring has returned.Hence the name ‘Heralding Sping Pavilion’.

(In front of the Hall of Jade Ripples)

This group of special and quiet courtyard dwellings is the Hall of JadeRipples. The words “Jade Ripples” came from a verse “Gentle ripples gushing outof Jade Spring”, which refers to the rippling water in the lake. It was firstused by Emperor Qianlong to attend to state affairs. In the late Qing Dynasty,it was where Emperor Guangxu was put under house arrest.

This hall is a hallmark of the Movement of 1898. Emperor Guangxu wasEmperor Dowager Cixi’s nephew. After Emperor Tongzhi died, Emperor Dowager Ciximade her nephew, who was at that time four years old a successor in order tocontinue her hold on imperial power. She ‘handled state affairs behind thescreen’. After Emperor Guangxu ‘managed state affairs personally’ at the age of19, a political conflict occurred between the conservatives and the reformers.In 1898, the Reform Movement took place with the aim of sustaining the coreprinciples of the Qing Dynasty while reforming outdated laws. The movementlasted for103 days until it was suppressed by Empress Dowager Cixi. It wascalled the ‘Hundred-Day Reform’. After the reform failed, Emperor Guangxu wasput under house arrest here. For the strict control of him, Empress Dowager Cixiordered to build many brick walls in the front, back, and on the right and leftof the Hall of Jade Ripples. At that time the hall was entirely sealed up, justlike a prison. Today only the hidden walls in the east and west annex room stillmaintain its original appearance. It is open to visitors as the relic related tothe 1898 Reform Movement.

(In front of the Chamber of Collecting Books)

This is the Chamber of Collecting Books. In Chinese, it’s called “Yi YunGuang”. “Yun” was a kind of fragrant weed. In ancient times, it was usually usedas termite repellent in rooms where books were stored.In the Emperor Qianlong’sreign, the purpose of the hall was for collecting books. Later it was convertedinto a residence. There used to be the residence of Guangxu’s Empress Longyu,and his favorite concubine Zhenfei.

(In the Hall of Happiness and Longevity)

This group of courtyard is the Hall of Happiness and Longevity. It was themajor architectural structure in the living quarters and the residence ofEmpress Dowager Cixi. The whole compound was basically made of wood, which isideal for ventilation and lighting. With its quiet and tasteful layout, the Hallof Happiness and Longevity made life very easy and convenient. In front of theHall of Happiness and Longevity there is a huge rock placed in the middle ofthis courtyard named “Qing Zhi Xiu” and nicknamed as “Family Bankruptcy Rock”.This huge rock was discovered in Fangshan District by a Ming official MiWanzhong. He wanted to transport it to his own garden “Shaoyuan”. In the olddays, transporting such rock was very difficult. After spending all his money toship it, he still could not succeed in doing this. The big rock was then left onthe roadside somewhere near Liangxiang County, 30 kilometers southwest ofBeijing. Hence it was nicknamed “Family Bancruptcy Rock”. Later Emperor Qianlongdiscovered it and transported to the Garden of Clear Ripples and laid in frontof the Hall of Happiness and Longevity. The colorful glass chandeliers hanginginside the hall was introduced from Germany in 1903. It is one of the earliestelectric lights in China.

(In front of the Gate of Inviting the Moon of the Long Corridor)

Ladies and Gentlemen, you may have visited some of the best museums in theworld, such as the Louvre in France and the Museum of Great Britain. Now I willshow you a special gallery in the palace—the Long Corridor. In 1990, the LongCorridor was listed in the Guinness Book of World Records as ‘the longestpainted corridor’ in the world’. It would be a pity if we leave the SummerPalace without visiting the Long Corridor and the Marble Boat. Now, here we go,the Long Corridor first!

(Strolling along the Long Corridor)

The Long Corridor starts from the Gate Inviting the Moon to the ShizhangGate. It is 728 meters long and consists of 273 sections. The Long corridor isone of the major structures of the Summer Palace. Since the corridor wasdesigned to follow the physical features of the southern slope of LongevityHill, four multiple-eaved, octagonal pavilions ( Retaining the GoodnessPavilion, Living with the Ripples Pavilion, Autumn Water Pavilion, Clear and FarPavilion) were placed at bends and undulation, they represent four seaons of ayear. Thus visitors will hardly notice the rise and fall of the terrain. As amajor part of the architectural style of the Summer Palace, the Long Corridorserves as an ingenious connector between the Lake and the Hill. Scatteredbuildings on the southern slope were linked to create a unified complex.

The Long Corridor is the longest covered veranda in any Chinese garden. Onthe purlins and beams of the covered veranda, there are over 14,000 Suzhou stylepaintings. Among them, there are 546 color paintings relating to the scenes ofWest Lake in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Beside the colorful paintings ofnatural scenery, there are also scenes of flowers, birds, fish, insects,mythology and figures. The paintings of figures are mainly adapted from ancientChinese classical literature, such as ‘Pilgrimage to the West’, ‘The Romance ofthe Three Kingdoms’, ‘The western Chamber’, “Water Margin’, and ‘The Dream ofthe Red Mansion’.

(In front of the Gate of Dispelling Clouds)

Now we are approaching the central part of the structures on the lakesideslope, the Tower of Buddhist Incense within the Hall of Dispelling Clouds. Thecentral axis line starts from the wharf next to the lake to the Sea of Wisdom ontop of the Hill. The main architectural structures here are the Gate ofDispelling Clouds, Hall of Dispelling clouds, Tower of Buddhist Incense and theSea of Wisdom, which altogether form a splendid three-dimensional landscape. Thelayout of this group of architectures was based on scenes described in Buddhistsutras. This group of structures are among the most magnificently constructedhere in the Summer Palace. This is a good place to taking photos, we will stayhere for about 15 minutes.

Now we are walking continuely along the Long Corridor, the next scene weare going to visit is Marble Boat.

Look over there! Halfway up the slope there stands the Hall of Listening toOrioles. It was the place for emperor and empress to enjoy opera and courtmusic. It is said the singing of orioles is very pleasing. Before the Garden ofVirtuous Harmony was built, Empress Dowager Cixi enjoyed opera and music here.Now the hall is one of the most famous restaurants in China, featuring imperialdishes and desserts.

This is the famous Marble Boat. A famous scientist of China’s Eastern HanDynasty once said, “Water can float the boat, but it can also tip it over.” Aprime minister of Tang Dynasty Wei Zheng once used these words to persuade LiShimin, the emperor of the Tang Dynasty. He said people are water and theemperor is the boat. People can support a good emperor. However, they also canoverthrow the dynasty. Emperor Qianlong built this huge boat in the Garden inorder to make the allusion concrete. On one hand, Emperor Qianlong encouragedhimself to run the country well. On the other hand, he wanted to show that hisrule of the Qing Dynasty was as firm as the Marble Boat and there was no fear ofoverturning the boat. The Marble Boat was the place for Emperor Qianlong tosample tea and enjoy the scenery of Kunming Lake. Emperor Qianlong once camehere to engage in the freeing of captive animals. In the times of Qianlong, theMarble Boat was a Chinese styled stone boat with a Chinese style woodensuperstructure on the top of it. When it was rebuilt in the times of Guangxu, aforeign and Chinese elements mixed resulting in two wheels to be added to theboat, one on each side. The floor was paved with colored bricks. All of thewindows were inlaid with multiple-colored glass. A big mirror was installed onthe superstructure for viewing rain.

Our tour is drawing to a close after we visited the Marble Boat. Today weonly visited the major scenic spots of the Summer Palace. I have left otherspots of interest for your next visit. I will now show you out through the RuyiGate. Our coach is waiting for us outside the gate. I do hope you enjoyedtoday’s tour. Thank you.

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篇6:魅力北京导游词

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 548 字

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我的家乡在中国的首都—北京。北京有许多景点,比如天安门,故宫,长城等。不过我最喜欢的是美丽的后海,我经常到那里去玩。

春天,你一来到后海就会看到满眼的绿色。许多柳树已经发芽了,柳条随风舞动,好像在招手欢迎你的到来。不光是有树,还有五彩缤纷的花儿,它们都挤到你的眼前,显示自己的美丽。你还能看到湖面的冰已经融化了,几只鸭子已经在享受游泳的快乐。小鸟也在欢快地歌唱,像是在演奏春天的赞歌。

夏天,这里的大树长得很茂盛,都遮住的蓝蓝的天空。湖面上,荷花挺胸抬头,向人们展示自己的美丽。下面的荷叶一边懒洋洋的晒太阳,一边看着小鱼和蝌蚪在水里游戏。许多人们来到后海,有的坐在大树下看书,有的趴在栏杆上欣赏荷花,还有的在给花草树木照相。我最喜欢和爸爸妈妈一起划船,在宽阔的水面上荡舟,那感觉真舒服!

秋天,树叶都飘落下来了。金色的树叶包后海衬托得更加美丽。游客们在凉爽的天气里聊着天,散着步,尽情享受秋天的阳光。

冬天,雪花慢慢地飘落下来,让后海变成了白色的世界。湖面全都结了冰,许多孩子会在冰面上滑冰嬉戏。最引人注目的是一些冬泳爱好者,他们把冰凿开,在水里游泳。每次看到他们在那么冷的天游泳,我的身体都禁不住发抖,不得不佩服他们的勇气。

后海的春夏秋冬都很美,而且每个季节都给我带来许多快乐。我爱后海,更爱我的家乡!

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篇7:北京故宫英文导游辞_英文导游词_网

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 4259 字

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北京故宫英文导游

FORBIDDEN CITY(紫禁城)

(In front of the meridian gate)

Ladies and Gentlemen:

I am pleased to serve as your guide today.

This is the palace museum; also know as the Purple Forbidden City. It is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence in China today. Under Ming Emperor Yongle, construction began in 1406. It took 14years to build the Forbidden City. The first ruler who actually lived here was Ming Emperor Zhudi. For five centuries thereafter, it continued to be the residence of23 successive emperors until 1911 when Qing Emperor Puyi was forced to abdicate the throne .In 1987, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization recognized the Forbidden City was a world cultural legacy.

It is believed that the Palace Museum, or Zi Jin Cheng (Purple Forbidden City), got its name from astronomy folklore, The ancient astronomers divided the constellations into groups and centered them around the Ziwei Yuan(North Star). The constellation containing the North Star was called the Constellation of Heavenly God and star itself was called the purple palace. Because the emperor was supposedly the son of the heavenly gods, his central and dominant position would be further highlighted the use of the word purple in the name of his residence. In folklore, the term ”an eastern purple cloud is drifting” became a metaphor for auspicious events after a purple cloud was seen drifting eastward immediately before the arrival of an ancient philosopher, LaoZi, to the Hanghu Pass. Here, purple is associated with auspicious developments. The word jin (forbidden) is self-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-limits to ordinary people.

The red and yellow used on the palace walls and roofs are also symbolic. Red represents happiness, good fortune and wealth. Yellow is the color of the earth on the Loess Plateau, the original home of the Chinese people. Yellow became an imperial color during the Tang dynasty, when only members of the royal family were allowed to wear it and use it in their architecture.

The Forbidden City is rectangular in shape. It is 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meter wide from east west. It has 9,900 rooms under a total roof area 150,000 square meters .A 52-meter-wide-moat encircles a 9.9-meter—high wall which encloses the complex. Octagon —shaped turrets rest on the four corners of the wall. There are four entrances into the city: the Meridian Gate to the south, the Shenwu Gate(Gate of Military Prowess) to the north, and the Xihua Gate(Gate of military Prowess) to the north, and the Xihua Gate(Western Flowery Gate )to the west ,the Donghua (Eastern Flowery Gate) to the east.

Manpower and materials throughout the country were used to build the Forbidden City. A total of 230,000 artisans and one million laborers were employed. Marble was quarried from fangshan Country Mount Pan in Jixian County in Hebei Province. Granite was quarried in Quyang County in Hebei Province. Paving blocks were fired in kilns in Suzhou in southern China. Bricks and scarlet pigmentation used on the palatial walls came from linqing in Shandong Province .Timber was cut ,processed and hauled from the northwestern and southern regions.

The structure in front of us is the Meridian Gate. It is the main entrance to the forbidden City. It is also knows as Wufenglou(Five-Phoenix Tower). Ming emperors held lavish banquets here on the 15th day of the first month of the Chinese lunar year in hornor of their counties .They also used this place for punishing officals by flogging them with sticks.

Qing emperors used this building to announce the beginning of the new year. Qing Emperor Qianglong changed the original name of this announcement ceremony from ban li(announcement of calendar)to ban shou(announcement of new moon )to avoid coincidental association with another Emperor` s name, Hongli, which was considered a taboo at that time. Qing Dynasty emperors also used this place to hold audience and for other important ceremonies. For example,when the imperial army returned victoriously from the battlefield ,it was here that the Emperor presided over the ceremony to accept prisoners of war.

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篇8:北京旅游德语导游词

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:旅游,导游,全文共 19894 字

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Ich bin ein Reiseführer von der Reisebüro. Mein Name ist Song. Heute binich hier, um Ihnen den Sommerpalast, den k?niglichen Garten der Qing-Dynastie zuzeigen.Ich hoffe, meine Erkl?rung kann Sie befriedigen und uns diese wunderbareZeit zusammen verbringen.

Jetzt gehen wir zum Sommerpalast. W?hrend dieser Zeit m?chte ich kurz dieGeschichte und aktuelle Situation des Sommerpalastes vorstellen.

Schon bei den Liao- und Jin-Dynastien hatte der Kaiser begonnen, k?niglicheG?rten in Peking zu bauen.Zu dieser Zeit wurde im Gebiet des Kunming Lake imheutigen Wanshou-Berg Jinshan und Jinshampo Palast gebaut.In der Yuan-Dynastiewurde sie in Wengshan und Wengshanpo umbenannt.In der frühen Ming-Dynastie wurdesie in West Lake umbenannt und Yuanjing-Tempel wurde gebaut, der Haoshan-Gartenhie?.Im 16.Jahr von Wanli, das hei?t 1588, hat es eine bestimmte Skala vonGarten, genie?en den Ruf von "in der Malerei von zehn li grünen Bergen, diedoppelfliegenden wei?en V?gel sind wie Jiangnan".Aber es war die Qing-Dynastie,die es zu einem echten k?niglichen Garten machte.W?hrend der Herrschaft desKaisers Kangxi wurde hier der Palast gebaut. In 1749-1764, vom 14ten bis zum29ten Jahr des Kaisers Qianlong, wurde Qingyi Garden auf der ursprünglichenBasis gebaut. Der See wurde Kunming Lake genannt und der Berg wurde Wanshougenannt.Und es ist zu einem der berühmten drei Berge und fünf G?rtengeworden.Wie die meisten k?niglichen Geb?ude im alten China, war es nicht in derLage, der Verfolgung der Eindringlinge zu entkommen. In 1860, wurde esgeplündert und von den britischen und franz?sischen verbündeten Kr?ftenverbrannt.Nach einigen Jahren nutzte die Kaiserin-Witwe Cixi die Mittel derNavy, um den Ort wieder aufzubauen, und Kaiser Guangxu Xiazhao umbenannte ihn inden Sommerpalast.In den 1900-er Jahren wurde der Sommerpalast von den Alliiertender acht L?nder (Russland, Gro?britannien, Frankreich, Deutschland, Italien,Japan, den Vereinigten Staaten und ?sterreich) erneut ernsthaftbesch?digt.Seitdem ist der Hinterberg wegen des Mangels an finanziellen Mittelnlange Zeit nicht mehr repariert worden.In 1912 war der Sommerpalast nach denbevorzugten Bedingungen der Qing-Dynastie immer noch in den H?nden von KaiserPuyi.Nach zwei Jahren wurde es einmal als Privatbesitz ge?ffnet, aber wegenunbequemer Bef?rderung und teuren Tickets kamen nur wenige Leute.Nachdem Puyi inden 1920er Jahren aus dem Sommerpalast ausgewiesen wurde, verwandelte dieBeiyang-Regierung ihn offiziell in einen offenen Park.Nachdem die Volksregierungsie im Dezember 1948 angenommen hatte, behielt sie nach umfassender Verwaltungden Stil ihres k?niglichen Gartens.Darüber hinaus ist es der vollst?ndigste undam besten erhaltene Royal Garden der Welt geworden.

Der Sommerpalast, den wir gleich sehen werden, umfasst eine Gesamtfl?chevon 290 Hektar, mit einem Viertel des Landes und drei Viertel des Wassers.Nachdem Gebrauch und den Merkmalen des k?niglichen Gartens kann der Sommerpalast indrei Teile unterteilt werden: politischer Aktivit?tsbereich, Kaiser und KaiserinWohnbereich und landschaftlich.

Als wir am Ostpalast ankamen, begann unsere Tour offiziell.

Au?erhalb des Ostpalastes gibt es einen Torbogen von "Hanxu" und"Yanxiu".Unter ihnen ist die Bedeutung von Hanxu, dass die Welt offen ist, dieBerge klar sind und das Wasser sch?n ist, alles umarmend.Es bedeutet, sch?neLandschaft zu erfassen.Das ?stliche Palasttor ist auch das Haupttor desSommerpalastes.Die an der Tür h?ngende Tafel des Sommerpalastes ist dieHandschrift von Kaiser Guangxu.Das Wort "Yi He" bedeutet "Yi Yang Geist" und"Seelenfrieden".

Beim Eintritt ins Ostpalast kamen wir zuerst in den politischenAktivit?tsbereich des Sommerpalastes.Auf der Südseite sind die R?ume von Jiuqingim Norden und Süden symmetrisch angeordnet, was der Ort ist, an dem die sechsAbteilungen von Jiuqing in der Qing-Dynastie im Dienst waren.Auf dem Weg nachvorne kommen Sie zu Renshoumen. Die fünf Taihu-Steine, die Sie sehen, werdenFengxu Wulao genannt, was Langlebigkeit bedeutet.Auf dem wei?en Jadethron vonXumi, ist dieses bronzene Monster, bekannt als Qilin und Sibuxiang, einer derneun S?hne des Drachen, symbolisiert Glück und Reichtum.Vor dem Saal befindensich zwei Bronze-Zenserpaare in der Form von Drachen und Phoenix, die benutztwerden, um R?ucherwerk zu entzünden und die Atmosph?re in den Aktivit?ten desChaos zu übertreiben.Nach dem alten Ritualsystem symbolisiert das Drachenhausden Kaiser, und der Phoenix auf beiden Seiten symbolisiert die K?nigin.Hier istder Drache jedoch auf beiden Seiten, was mit der Tatsache zu tun hat, dass dieKaiserin-Witwe Cixi am Ende der Qing-Dynastie auf die Regierung hinter demVorhang h?rte und den Status der Phoenix hervorhob.

Das pr?chtige Geb?ude vor uns ist die Renshou Halle.In der Tat, w?hrend derHerrschaft des Kaisers Qianlong, wurde festgelegt, dass die Haupthalle dergegenw?rtigen Dynastie "flei?ige Regierungshalle" genannt werden sollte, wasbedeutet, dass, wenn Sie den Garten besuchen, sollten Sie nicht vergessen,flei?ig in Regierungsangelegenheiten zu sein.Als wir im Sommerpalast ankamen,verwandelten wir ihn in die Renshou-Halle, die vom Konfuzius Analects"wohlwollend Shoushou" genommen wird, was bedeutet, dass Menschen, dieWohlt?tigkeit verwalten, ein langes Leben führen k?nnen.Nun, die Darstellung derRenshou Halle ist im Grunde der gleiche wie der ursprüngliche Zustand.Es gibteinen Kowloon-Thron auf dem Boden im Flur.Es gibt auch einen roten SandelholzJiulong Bildschirm dahinter. Der Bildschirm ist von roten Sandelholz eingerahmtund mit neun Drachen geschnitzt. In der Mitte ist ein Glasspiegel mit 226Zeichen der Langlebigkeit auf verschiedene Weisen geschrieben.Um den Thron herumgibt es auch Palmfans und Eckenden.Unter ihnen ist Jiaoduan ein legend?res Tier,und seine eigentliche Verwendung ist R?ucherbrenner.Der warme Pavillon aufbeiden Seiten der Halle ist der Ruheplatz für Cixi Guangxu und diePalastminister. Unter ihnen ist ein Kesi-Handwerk mit einem Bild von hundertFlederm?usen, und in der Mitte gibt es das Wort Shou geschrieben von Cixiselbst. Da Fledermaus und Fu sind homonym, wird dieses Handwerk auch hundertSegnungen mit Shou genannt.Diese Glaswand ist aus Eisfischfedern. Sie k?nnensehen, dass die Farbe dieser Arbeit w?hrend der Regierungszeit des KaisersQianlong noch dieselbe ist, obwohl sie mehr als 200-Jahre zurückliegt.

Nachdem wir an der Renshou-Halle vorbeigegangen sind, kommen wir an denOrt, wo Kaiser Guangxu und Kaiserin-Dowager Cixi die Oper - Dehe-Garten sahen.Es wird von der linken Seite genommen "Herren h?ren sie mit Ruhe und Frieden desGeistes", was bedeutet, dass sie nach einer sch?nen Melodie Ruhe haben und dasReich der hohen Moral erreichen werden.Deheyuan Opernhaus ist das grte derdrei Opernh?user in der Qing-Dynastie. Seine Struktur ist streng undspektakul?r. Es ist 21 Meter hoch und 17 Meter breit. Es ist in drei Etagenunterteilt. Von oben nach unten, es ist Futai, Lutai und Shoutai.Es gibt aucheinen tiefen Brunnen und vier trockene Erdbrunnen auf dem Shoutai Boden.AlleEtagen k?nnen ge?ffnet und geschlossen werden.Wenn es ge?ffnet wird,kommuniziert der Patio mit dem unterirdischen Brunnen, und es gibt WindeTraktion auf der Oberseite, die die G?tter und Geister im Spiel in die Welt aufder Bühne. Der Brunnen unter Shoutai kann auch die Rolle der Klangresonanzspielen, so dass die Stimme des Schauspielers sonorous. Der Brunnen kann auchverwendet werden, um Longkou Wasser Spraying und andere Landschaftendurchzuführen.Darüber hinaus gibt es auch ein Theater für Schauspieler zuerfinden.Jetzt ist der Ort, an dem wir die Kostüme und den Mercedes Benz vonCixi sehen, das Theater zu dieser Zeit.

Auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite der Bühne befinden sich die Yile-Halle unddie Ost- und Westfassaden. Dies ist der Ort, wo die Kaiserin und diePalastminister die Oper sahen.In der Mitte der Halle befindet sich ein goldenerEmailthron von V?geln und Phoenix, der von Cixi benutzt wird, wenn siegratuliert wird. Phoenix ist der K?nig der V?gel. Dieser Bildschirm in Yile Hallzu setzen impliziert die Autorit?t der Kaiserin-Witwe Cixi.Die Galerie, in derdie Minister des k?niglichen Palastes die Oper besichtigten, wurde nun alsAusstellungsraum für kulturelle Relikte des Sommerpalastes er?ffnet. Auf derOstseite befinden sich die Kostüme der Kaiserin-Witwer Cixi und die t?glichenNotwendigkeiten, und auf der Westseite sind exquisite Handarbeiten.

Im alten China schrieb ein Gedicht: "Berge sind schwer, Wasser ist bedeckt,es gibt keine Stra?e, und es gibt ein anderes Dorf mit verborgenen Weiden undhellen Blumen".Wenn wir in die Rockerei hinter Renshou Hall kommen, k?nnen wirseine Bedeutung verstehen.Dieses Papier verwendet die Methode derLandschaftsunterdrückung in der chinesischen Gartenkunst.Zuerst scheint es, alsg?be es hier keinen Weg, aber mit dem kontinuierlichen Fortschritt wirdpl?tzlich klar, dass es vor uns tausend grüne Kunming Lake gibt.

Kunming Lake war früher ein See, der von Quellwasser gebildet wurde,genannt Xihai See. Sein Gebiet ist nicht halb so gro? wie jetzt.Als die G?rtenw?hrend der Herrschaft des Kaisers Qianlong gebaut wurden, wurde sie in denheutigen See umgewandelt.Dies ist, weil in der westlichen Han-Dynastie, vor mehrals 20__ Jahren, gab es ein kleines Land namens Kunming in Dianchi Lake, ProvinzYunnan. Um dort zu erobern, Kaiser Wu der Han-Dynastie graben einen Kunming Lakeimitiert Dianchi Lake in Changan, die Hauptstadt, um die Wasserarmee zubohren.Nach dieser Anspielung ?nderte Kaiser Qianlong das Westmeer in KunmingLake und folgte dem Beispiel des Kaisers Wu der Han-Dynastie, um hier die Marineauszuüben. Dies ist der Ursprung des Namens Kunming Lake.Als Kaiser Qianlong denGeburtstag seiner Mutter feierte, baute er den Tempel von Dabaoen Yanshou aufdem Gel?nde des Yuanjing-Tempels auf dem Berg und gab Wengshan den Namen desWanshou-Berges, was Langlebigkeit bedeutet.Auf einer Insel, nicht weit entfernt,sind alle Pflanzen Pfirsich Weiden. Es gibt einen Pavillon namens ZhichunPavilion auf ihm. Die Antiker sagten: "Es gibt drei oder zwei Pfirsichblütenau?erhalb des Bambus, und die Ente Prophet ist warm im Frühling Fluss. WennFrühling kommt jedes Jahr, ist dies der früheste Ort im Sommer Palast, umFrühling zu berichten.

Wir k?nnen sehen, dass diese Gruppe von Hof mit einzigartiger Architekturund eleganter Umgebung Yulan Hall genannt wird. Es stammt aus dem Vers von LuJi, einem Dichter der Jin-Dynastie: "Yuquan sprudelt mit leichten Wellen." Diesist der Ort, wo Kaiser Guangxu im Sommerpalast lebte.Dennoch ist es notwendig,die Reformbewegung von 1898 zu erw?hnen.Aixinjueluo Tsai Tian war der neunteKaiser der Qing-Dynastie, der Neffe von Cixi, Kaiser Guangxu.Nach dem Tod vonKaiser Tongzhi, Kaiserin Cixi, um weiterhin an der Macht zu sein, lie? sieZaidian, einen Vierj?hrigen, zum Kaiser werden, und sie h?rte wieder auf dieRegierung.Als Guangxu im Alter von 19.Jahren an der Macht war, gab es einenpolitischen Konflikt zwischen den Konservativen und den Reformern im Gericht.In1898 führten Kang Youwei, Liang Qichao und Tan Sitong, die Vertreter derReformer, die Reform durch Kaiser Guangxu durch, der als "Reformbewegung von1898" bekannt war. Da die Reformbewegung nur 103 Tage dauerte, wurde sie von denKonservativen erwürgt, die von der Witwe Cixi vertreten wurden, so dass sie auch"Hundert Tage der Reform" genannt wurde.Nach dem Scheitern der Reform wurdeGuangxu unter Hausarrest auf der Yingtai Insel im Südchinesischen Meer gestellt.Jedes Jahr kam Cixi in den Sommerpalast, er musste mit ihm kommen und inYulantang leben.Um Guangxu s jeden Schritt zu kontrollieren, befahl dieKaiserin-Witwe Cixi Ren, eine Menge Ziegelmauern um die Yulan-Halle zu bauen,und es gab Eunuchen, die das Tor bewachten. Damals schien die Yulan-Halle einOrt zu sein, der von der Welt isoliert war, aber jetzt wurden die ursprünglichenZiegelmauern im Grunde abgerissen und im Grunde auf das ursprüngliche Aussehenwiederhergestellt.Die ?berreste der Reform sind für Besucher zu besuchen.In derYulan-Halle gibt es das flache Bett, den Thron, den Schirm, den R?uchertisch undso weiter in Qianlong s Zeit gemacht. Der Ost-warme Pavillon ist GuangxusFrühstücksraum, der West-warme Pavillon ist das Schlafzimmer, die Ostseite desFlurs ist das Arbeitszimmer, und die Westseite ist die Toilette, Bad undAnkleidestelle.Der k?nigliche Fall in der Halle ist ein roter Sandelholz-Rahmen,mit Agarwood als Mittelpunkt, und die Verarbeitung ist sehr exquisit.DerBildschirm besteht aus zwei Glasschichten. Es gibt sowohl chinesischeLandschaftsmalereien als auch westliche Landschaftsmalereien auf dem Bildschirm.Das Pigment ist mit natürlichen Edelsteinen gemahlen und die Farbe ist immernoch wundersch?n.Die Rückseite des vorderen Glases ist mit Vorder- undMittelansicht bemalt, w?hrend die Vorderseite des hinteren Glases mit mittlererSicht und langer Sicht lackiert wird. Zwischen den beiden Schichten gibt eseinen Abstand, so dass der dreidimensionale Sinn sehr stark ist.Die Tafel von"Fu Dian Liu Jing" in der Halle bedeutet, dass der Kaiser von Shegming im tiefenPalast lebt.

Hinter der Yulan-Halle befindet sich die Yiyun-Bibliothek, die für dieBuchsammlung geeignet ist.Die Haupthalle ist, wo Guangxu s Kaiserin Longyu lebt,und die Westseite Halle war einst die Residenz der geliebten Konkubine ZhenfeiGuangxu.Nach dem Scheitern der Reformbewegung von 1898 befahl Cixi der KaiserinLongyu, in den ersten der vier nordwestlichen H?user von shizhangting zu lebenund lie? Prinzessin Zhenfei in der zweiten leben. Danach war es für KaiserGuangxu sehr schwierig, seine Frau zu sehen.

Aus Yiyun Hall kamen wir nach Leshoutang.Leshou stammt aus der Analogie vonKonfuzius, was bedeutet, dass dies der Ort ist, wo wohlwollende und weiseleben.Leshoutang ist das Hauptgeb?ude im Wohnbereich. W?hrend der Regierungszeitdes Kaisers Qianlong war es die Residenz der Mutter von Qianlong, der NeuenKobaltfamilie Lu. W?hrend der Herrschaft des Kaisers Guangxu lebte hierKaiserin-Witwe Cixi.

Durch Shuimu Ziqin, das Haupttor von Leshoutang, betraten wir den Hof.Mankann viele Dinge im Hof sehen.Kupfer Hirsche, Kupferkran und Kupfervase leihensich die Homophonie von Hirsch, Kran und Vase, was "Sechs Harmonien und Frieden"bedeutet, was Frieden in der Welt bedeutet.Yulan, Haitang und Pfingstrosenwerden auch im Garten gepflanzt, was bedeutet "Yutang ist reich".Der Taihu-Steinin der Mitte wird "qingzhixiu" genannt, weil er wie Ganoderma lucidumaussieht.In der Tat, es wird auch der schwarze Schafstein genannt. Dies ist,weil in der Ming-Dynastie, gab es einen Mann namens Mi Wanzhong, der den Steinsehr mochte. Er nahm eine Phantasie auf den Stein in Fangshan und wollte ihn inden L?ffelgarten Haidian. Jedoch, wegen verschiedener ungünstiger Faktoren,versuchte er, das Geld zu laufen und lie? es auf der Seite der Stra?e. Sp?tersah Kaiser Qianlong den Stein auf seinem Weg zurück in die Hauptstadt deswestlichen Mausoleum s,Also wurde es nach Leshoutang transportiert.In der Hallevon Le Shou Tang befindet sich ein roter Sandelholz-Sieb mit einem Glasspiegelals Mittelpunkt, und auf ihm sind Muscheln-Schnitzereien eingelegt.Golden neunPfirsich Begasungsofen wird verwendet, um Sandelholz zu verbrennen, die dieInnenluft regulieren kann.Die beiden gro?en blauen und wei?en Porzellanplattenauf dem Tisch sind repr?sentative Werke der Qing-Dynastie blaues und wei?esPorzellan, die verwendet werden, um Früchte für Cixi zu beobachten und zuriechen.In der Halle auf beiden Seiten des Ostens und des Westens gibt eshundert V?gel, Pfauenschirm zwei Sitzschirm, sind Guangdong StickereienProdukte.Der bunte Glasleuchter, der auf der Oberseite der Halle hing, wurde ausDeutschland in 1903 importiert. Es war eine der frühen elektrischen Lampen inChina. Der Generator wurde in der N?he von Wenchang Pavilion installiert.Wenndie Kaiserin-Witwe Cixi Snacks und Tee isst, kann sie auch den Fischtischbeobachten. Er besteht aus Venus-rotem Sandelholz und mit einem Glastischeingelagert. Der Tisch ist auch mit Landschaftsfiguren und Pavillons mitwertvollen Materialien geschnitzt.Die Tafel von "Cihui Yizhi" in der Hallebedeutet, die tiefe Freundlichkeit der Kaiserin zu empfangen und ihr den gro?enSegen anzuvertrauen.

Der Westkreuzhof von leshoutang hei?t yangrenfeng. Die Architektur im Hofhat die Eigenschaften des Jiangnan Garten.Auf dem zentralen Hang im Norden desGartens befindet sich eine Ventilatorenhalle. Der Boden vor der Halle bestehtaus wei?en Marmorlüfterknochen und Bergachse. Der ganze Saal ist wie ein offenerKlapplüfter.

Von hier aus gingen wir durch den Korridor, der Wanshou Berg und KunmingLake verband.Es beginnt vom Tor des einladenden Mondes im Osten und endet imShizhang Pavilion im Westen, mit einer Gesamtl?nge von 728 Meter und 273Zimmer.Da die Grundlage des Korridors mit dem Gel?nde des Wanshou-Bergesschwankt, ?ndert sich der Trend des Korridors mit der Beugung der Nordbank vonKunming Lake. Am Verbindungspunkt des Gel?ndes und der sich ver?nderndenRichtung gibt es vier Pavillons, die Frühling, Sommer, Herbst und Winterdarstellen, die Liujia, Jilan, Qiushui und Qingyao sind. Das Design ist sehrgenial.Gallery ist der l?ngste Korridor im chinesischen Garten, auch als Galeriebekannt.Das liegt daran, dass es mehr als 14000 sowjetische Stilmalereien in derGalerie gibt, und sie werden selten wiederholt.Unter ihnen gibt es 546-Gem?ldeüber die Landschaft des Westsees. Als Qianlong den Korridor im fünfzehnten Jahrbaute, befahl er den Leuten, nach Hangzhou zu kommen, um sie zu kopieren.Diemeisten der Bildmalereien nehmen chinesische klassische literarischeMeisterwerke an, wie die Reise nach Westen, die Romantik der drei K?nigreiche,der Traum von Red Mansions, usw. die Zeitspanne des Inhalts ist sehr gro?, vonden drei Kaisern und fünf Kaiser bis zur Qing-Dynastie, oben und unten5000-Jahre, die als Miniatur der chinesischen Kulturgeschichte bezeichnet werdenk?nnen. In 1900 wurde sie von Guinness World Records als die Top-Galerie derWelt bewertet.

Nachdem wir aus dem Korridor gegangen sind, kommen wir zu derGeburtstagsfeier-Bereich zentriert auf Paiyun Point, die die sch?nste Gruppe vonGeb?uden vor dem Wanshou Berg ist und bildet die zentrale Achse des WanshouBerges.Vom Seeufer bis zum Weisheitsmeer auf dem Gipfel des Berges, wird dieZentralachse mit Hauptgeb?uden wie Paiyun Gate, Paiyun Hall, buddhistischenPavilion, Zhongxiang K?nigreich, Weisheitsmeer usw. verteilt.

Die Paiyun-Halle wurde auf dem Gel?nde der Daxiong-Halle in Dabaoen YanshouTempel w?hrend der Regierungszeit des Kaisers Qianlong gebaut. Dort wurde dieKaiserin-Witwe Cixi offiziell zu ihrem Geburtstag gratuliert.Paiyun stammt vonGuo Pu, einem Dichter der Jin-Dynastie, der ein Gedicht schrieb: "Dieunsterblichen paiyun kommen heraus, aber sehen Sie die goldene und silbernePlattform."

In der Halle, neben der herk?mmlichen Einrichtung wie dem Thron und derLeinwand, gibt es auch einige spezielle Einrichtungsgegenst?nde, um dieAtmosph?re zu verleihen, wie der mit Chinese Taiwan Ebenholz geschnitzte Bildschirm, derLanglebigkeit Charakter mit Agarwood, der runde Spiegel Bildschirm, das goldeneLack Pflaumenbaum und die Birkenwurzel Schnitzerei.W?hrend der Geburtstagsfeierknieten Beamte oberhalb der Klasse zwei im Paiyun-Tor nieder, w?hrend jeneunterhalb der Klasse drei vor dem Tor niederknieten. Kaiser Guangxu knietemitten im Tor des zweiten Palastes nieder, w?hrend Cixi auf dem Jiulong-Thron imHaupthaus sa?, um die Glückwünsche zu empfangen.

(die Tafel von "Fanli Jingwei" bedeutet grenzenloses Glück)

Der buddhistische Weihrauch-Pavillon, die Gemeinde des Weihrauchs und dasMeer der Weisheit waren Teil des Tempels w?hrend der Herrschaft des KaisersQianlong

Gebaut in 1758 im zwanzigsten Jahr der Herrschaft des Kaisers Qianlong,wurde der FOXIANG Pavillon im 17.Jahr der Herrschaft des Kaisers Guangxu wiederaufgebaut. Es kostete mehr als 780000-Silber-Taels, das teuerste Projekt imSommerpalast.Es ist das Zentrum des ganzen Gartens

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篇9:介绍北京十渡的导游词范文

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 325 字

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十渡风景区位于北京市房山区西南,是中国北方唯一一处大规模喀斯特岩溶地貌。十渡风景区是中国国家AAAA景区和世界地质公园。十渡风景区是大清河支流拒马河切割太行山脉北端而形成的一条河谷,全程约20公里。由于在历史上这条河谷中一共有十个渡过拒马河的摆渡渡口,故而得名“十渡”。现在公路已经修入河谷,这十处渡口早已改建为漫水桥(现在都是高架桥)没有真正的渡口了,但是十渡的名字却一直沿用至今。目前十渡风景区共规划出了十八个渡。

十渡从地理位置上讲,处于北纬39度5——39度6与115度3——115度8之间,总面积301平方千米,是北京市的自然风景区(长宽距离)。东起一渡村,西至大沙地(17渡),北到三清洞,南至高粱山。东西长约40公里,南北最宽处25公里。

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篇10:最新的北京大学导游词范文

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:大学,导游,全文共 642 字

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北京的第一天,老妈想让我感受一下高等学府的浓郁氛围,就带我去参观了北京大学

一到北大,我就被校门吸引住了,北大的校门古色古香,令人赞叹不已……大门有4米多高,朱红的大门和绿色的琉璃瓦显示了最高学府的特色,真是不同凡响;“北京大学”四个大字苍劲有力。

进了校门,我们参观了北京大学的“一塔湖图”,大家一定很奇怪吧,中国著名的北京大学怎么会一塌糊涂呢?嘿嘿,错了,“一塔湖图”的塔是灯塔的塔,湖是湖水的湖,图呢,则是图书的图。为什么要叫“一塔湖图”呢?因为北京大学有一座塔叫博雅塔,是北京大学缺水时期造的一座十三层的水塔,塔中有一座很深的井,后来废弃不用,成为北京大学著名的三大景点之一。还有一片湖,叫未名湖,湖水清澈见底,湖里长满了荷花,在未名湖,不论是晨练还是晨读,都是神清气爽的。图是图书馆,北京大学的图书馆是亚洲学校图书馆中藏书最多的图书馆,在那里,天下大事都看得到。

我最喜欢里面的图书馆了,北京大学的图书馆已有一百多年的历史。李大钊、毛泽东等革命前辈都曾在这里工作过。经过不断扩建,今天已成为亚洲高校第一大馆。目前藏书五百三十多万册,居全国高校首位。哦!在这个图书馆里博览群书,不聪明才怪呢!今天虽然已经放假了,但我们依然在图书馆里看到有许多同学在看书,这让我非常感慨:北大学生如此努力刻苦,这或许就是北大的精神吧!

老妈说:“北大是全国最好的学校之一,最关键的不仅他有最好的老师,而且因为每一学子都坚守着北大精神。”

今天我终于领悟到了这一点,就是要积极进取和追求进步,追求科学!

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篇11:2024年北京故宫导游词

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 927 字

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大家好,今天由我来为大家当一次导游,向你们介绍北京故宫。希望大家做一个文明的参观者,也祝大家参观愉快!

北京故宫,位于北京市中心,是明清两朝皇帝的宫殿。从明朝永乐五年,公元142019年起,明成祖朱棣集全国匠师,征用二、三十万民工、军工,经过2019年的时间,建成了这组东方最大的宫殿群。故宫规模巨大,总面积72万平方米,共有大小房屋9999间,先后有27位皇帝住在这里。

游客们,故宫南边的第一道门就是闻名遐迩的天安门。朱红的墙面,同样鲜红的琉璃瓦双层屋顶,还有墙下的五扇拱形门以及墙上毛主席那英姿勃发的头像,构成了天安门的大概外貌。这里不仅是故宫的南大门,还是新中国成立过了天安门,我们便可以远远望见一条大河。幽清的河,弯弯曲,一眼望不到头,好似一条极长的青丝带。这条河叫金水河,是人工开凿的,据说是为了防御进攻的敌人,类似于一座城的护城河。金水河上有五座用大理石砌成的桥,叫五龙桥。踏着桥面的条砖,扶着桥边的栏杆,似乎能感觉到那时的时代气息。

过了金水河、五龙桥,再通过太和门,然后走上一小会路,我们就来到了皇帝讨论国家大事,召见群臣的太和殿。太和殿有两层顶,都用黄色的琉璃瓦铺好,在阳光的照耀下熠熠生辉。屋檐下,有十几根红柱支撑,再往下就上一个高大洁白的汉白玉台基。太和殿进深37.2米,宽63.9米,高26.9米,汉白玉台基高8.1米。在殿前开阔的台基上,依次整齐地陈列着日晷、嘉量、铜龟、铜鹤等。大殿正上方,有一块金边蓝匾,上书“太和殿”三个金光闪闪、苍劲有力的大字。殿内排有18根金柱,每一根金柱上都雕有千姿百态、栩栩如生、活灵活现的金龙,那架势,似乎要一跃而起,飞向苍穹。还有那闪着光彩夺目的龙椅,真是富丽堂皇。太和殿后面,还有皇帝上朝前休息的中和殿与举行最高级别科举考试的保和殿。再往后过了乾清门,我们就来到了内廷,就是宫人们的生活区。主要有皇帝住的乾清宫,皇后住的坤宁宫,太上皇住的宁寿宫、皇太后住的慈宁宫以及妃嫔们住的东六宫与西六宫等等。

我们再往后走,就到了故宫最北的地方,叫御花园,园中有钦安殿。这里有苍松翠柏,名花异卉,怪石伏立、泉水喷珠,是故宫内最亲切自然之处。

出了最北的地安门,也就结束了这故宫的参观。我祝大家参观愉快!谢谢大家!

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篇12:最新的北京孔庙导游词范文

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 2228 字

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各位佳宾:

《论语》上面开篇有一句话叫"有朋自远方来,不亦乐乎"。那么我就以孔子的这句名言,热烈地欢迎您来孔子的故乡曲阜参观游览。下面,就由我陪同各位游览并进行导游服务,非常感谢您的合作,并衷心地希望您对我的工作多提出批评意见。

在来曲阜之前,许多朋友可能已对曲阜和孔子有了不少的了解,但也有的朋友知道的并不十分详细,现在,我就在进入景点之前,先把曲阜和孔子的情况简要介绍一下。

曲阜位于中国山东省西南部,现有人中62万其中城区人口10万,面积约890平方公里。"曲阜"二字始见于《尔雅》一书,东汉应邵解释说:鲁城中有阜,委曲长七八里,故名"曲阜"。宋真宗大中祥符5年,也就是公元1020xx年,为了纪念中华民族的始祖轩辕黄帝出生在曲阜,曾一度改名"仙源"县,金太宗天会7年(公元1120xx年),又复名曲阜,沿用至今。曲阜是一个小城,然而,曲阜又是一座有着五千年文明史的文化古城,在这片神圣而又古老的土地上,中国远古传说中的三皇五帝,竟有四人在这里留下了踪迹。据《史记》、《帝王世纪》等史书记载:"黄帝生于寿丘","少昊自穷桑登帝位,称都曲阜,崩葬云阳山",现在曲阜城东8里,仍留下座金字塔式的坟墓--少昊陵。中国有句俗话说道"人往高处走,水往低处流",我们是不是可以理解为我们中华民族的祖先从这里,从黄河中下游向中原,向黄土高原迁徙的过程,而我们的母亲之河,黄河、长江,从黄土高原之上奔腾而下,一泻千里,最后汇入大海呢!中国还有句古话叫"江南出才子,江北出圣人",实际上,江北的圣人几乎全出自曲阜。在中国封建时代,受到皇帝赐封的圣人一共有6位,他们分别为至圣孔子、亚圣孟子、复圣颜子、述圣子思、宗圣曾子、元圣周公,头4位都出生在曲阜,后两位一位是孔子的弟子,一位是封地在曲阜,周公的后世33代曾在鲁国为国君,至今山东称鲁,即起于此。现在曲阜地上地下文物众多,文化灿烂,有国家级文物古迹4处,省级11处,市级100余处。1982年曲阜被国务院公布为全国首批24个历史文化名城之一,1994年曲阜"三孔"被联合国正式列为世界文化遗产。由于曲阜对东方文化的重要贡献,不少人称曲阜为世界三大圣城之一:"东方的麦加"。在这里,您不得不沉思,也不能不感奋,因为这里深扎着中华民族的根,深扎着中国传统文化的根。

各位朋友,在中国,在东方这片有着五千年文明历史的土地上,你也许读不懂青铜器上的铭文,也许不理解人头兽身表现什么,象征什么。但是,当你走进中国人民的生活,行走在中华民族繁衍生息、劳动创造的古老土地上,你就能感受到、接触到中国人民在日常生活中流露出来的儒家文化的气息,你便能由此体验到中国人民与其他民族迥然不同的生活方式、风土人情和理想道德的差异。无论你从哪个角度,哪个层次去探究中华民族的个性与品格,都不难发现儒家文化的基因,在漫长的历史演进过程中,儒家文化几乎成了中国传统文化的代名词。而儒家文化的创始人,就是孔子。

孔子,春秋时代鲁国人,也就是曲阜人,名丘,字仲尼,生于公元前551年,死于公元前479年,享年73岁。孔子3岁时,父亲叔梁纥去世,16岁时,母亲颜征在去世,少年孔子成了孤儿,开始了他在等级森严的封建社会中独自谋生、学习和奋斗的一生。

孔子少年发奋自学,勤而好问,青年时代便掌握了参与贵族政治必须熟悉的礼、乐、射、御、书、数六艺,进而掌握了《诗》、《书》、《礼》、《乐》、《易》、《春秋》六经的内容,为创立儒家文化奠定了基础。

孔子30岁设学授徒,开始了漫长的教育生涯,他首开中国私人讲学、面向民众,提倡"有教无类"之风,成为中国第一位,也是世界上第一位伟大的教育家。

孔子51岁时,才做了中都县令,后来曾在鲁摄相事,然而时间不长,他便辞了官,离开鲁国开始了他长达20xx年的周游列国之行。

孔子在68岁时回到鲁国,他把几乎全部精力放在了教学和文献整理上,一直到死。孔子的一生是颠沛流离,饱经忧患的一生,是艰苦卓绝、激励奋发的一生,是春风化雨,培育英才的一生,是著书立说,济时救世的一生。如今,他的躯体虽已灰飞烟灭,但他的思想,却潜入每个东方人的心灵,他熔铸了中华民族的个性和品格,随着历史的发展和社会的进步,孔子还将引导着人类,跨向21世纪。

曲阜的文物古迹和旅游景点很多,大部分与孔子和孔子文化有关。现在我们所在的位置是曲阜明故城的正南门外,城门的北面是被称为中国三大古建筑群之一的孔庙。城门的正上方有"万仞宫墙"4个大字。"仞"是古代的长度单位,一仞约等于8尺。据说,有人称赞孔子的弟子子贡很有学问,子贡听说以后,就说:"人的学问好比宫墙,我的学问只有墙头这么高,人们一看便会看见墙内的一切,而我的老师孔子的这道墙有数仞,不找到它的门是不能看到墙内宗庙之美丽、房舍的多种多样"。后人为表达对孔子的敬仰,明代胡缵宗就写了"万仞宫墙"4个字镶在城门上,清代乾隆皇帝为了显示自己对孔子的崇拜,又把胡碑取下,换上了自己写的"万仞宫墙"4个大字。这就是"万仞宫墙"的来历。

孔庙是后人为祭祀孔子而修建的庙宇,始建于孔子死后第2年。面积有327.5亩,仿皇宫之制,分九进院落,左右对称排列,整个建筑群共有五殿、一阁、一坛、两庑、两堂、17座碑亭、54座门坊共466间,南北长约1公里。孔庙恢宏壮丽,面积之大,历史之久,保存之完整,是世界建筑史上的唯一孤例。

孔庙大门东墙外面有"官员人等至此下马"的碑刻,过去,任何官员至此,武官要下马,文官要下轿,以表示对孔子的尊重。

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篇13:北京导游词英语

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 16323 字

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Hello, everyone. Have you ever been to Beijing?

Whats the weather like in Beijing?

Beijings cold weather is not to see the sun outside, what to see? Look atthe wind! As long as the wind blows, the weather will be relatively cold. Whatsthe wind blowing in winter? Whats the wind blowing in summer? The primaryschool teacher said that southeast wind blows in summer and northwest wind blowsin winter. Please remember. A student stood up and said: No, my mother said thatshe married my father and drank all year round

You choose to come to Beijing at the end of October. Generally speaking,the time is very good. Its neither cold nor hot. Its an ideal tourist seasonin Beijing. As the saying goes: in good travel time, meeting a good guide is akind of happiness; in good travel time, meeting a poor guide is a kind ofsadness. Its a sigh to meet a good tour guide in a bad travel time; its a kindof helplessness to meet a poor tour guide in a bad travel time. I hope we have agood time to travel, and I hope I am a good guide.

Id like to introduce myself. My family name is Li and my name is Tianyun.After you met me, I wish you good luck every day. Li is Muzi Li. You can call medirector Li, but dont call me director Li. You can also call me Xiao Li, butdont add Zi. Xiao Li is Li Lianying, the eunuch next to Empress Dowager Cixi.Eunuch is an incomplete man. Besides being thin, the function of other parts ofhis body is quite normal. I was born on December 26. Whats the specialsignificance of this day? My mothers birthday is also on this day, and myemperor Taizus birthday is also on December 26. My emperor Taizu is ChairmanMao Zedong. I want to have the same birthday as a great man. I cant be worse inmy life. But after living for more than 20 years, I found that Im not tall, notshort, not fat, not thin, not old, not tender, and so on So far, no miracle hashappened to me, but it doesnt matter. As the saying goes, height is not thedistance, weight is not the pressure, age is not the problem, so I still have toconfidently take everyones activities in Beijing these days.

In addition to taking you on a tour, we also have a master in charge of ourtransportation. Our master has more than ten years of driving experience. Heusually receives deputies to the National Peoples Congress, and receives VIPguests and athletes during the Olympic Games. There has been no accident formore than ten years. He is very professional and safe. During our time inBeijing, we have master _ _ driving for us. We have to work hard for him in thenext few days. Lets give him some applause first!

Although the roads in Beijing are very broad now, Beijing, as the capital,has many people and cars, and the traffic condition is not very good most of thetime. During our travel time, there may be traffic jams or people waiting forthe bus. I hope you can understand.

People live on food. When they come to Beijing, the first thing they shouldpay attention to is eating. When they come out, they wont be as comfortable asthey are at home. Especially when they join a tour group, they should beprepared: the tour group meal in Beijing is very bad. What is despair? Despairis two dishes served in a restaurant, Eat the first one: "is there anythingworse in the world?" eat the second one "Kao! Its really there!" although thegroup meal is bad, its still quite hygienic. You can rest assured to eat it.The principle is to have enough food, eight dishes and one soup, and all therice. When you see that the food is not enough, drink the soup quickly. If wedont have enough to eat, we can see the mountains far away and have a pot ofsteamed bread. If you come back to China for tourism in the future, if thenumber of people is small, you should try not to arrange group meals by travelagencies. Youd better have what you want (for Hong Kong and overseasChinese).

Next is the accommodation. Beijing is the capital, the political andcultural center. People come and go very frequently, so hotels of the same levelin Beijing are not as good as those in other places. Then it gives a briefintroduction of the hotel (such as stars, how far to the airport, how far to therailway station, how far to Tiananmen Square). In the evening, when we go backto the hotel, we should pay attention to rest. When we go shopping, we are notfamiliar with the place, so we should not go too far. The three things you mustdo when you come to Beijing are climbing the Great Wall, eating roast duck andwatching acrobatics. I think we have arranged to climb the great wall and eatroast duck in our itinerary, but we havent arranged to watch acrobatics. Imvery sorry. About in the Neolithic age, Chinese acrobatics had sprouted. Soacrobatics has a history of more than 20__ years in China. Diving, rings andother sports in our Olympic Games are all evolved from acrobatics. Trampoline,which was officially an Olympic event in 20__, is also evolved from acrobatics.Chinas trampoline won two Olympic gold medals in 20__ Beijing Olympic Games.Chinese people can be proud to announce to the world that we cant do football,we cant do track and field, we cant do swimming pool, but we cant do it inbed! Chaoyang theater is the only designated theater for external performance inBeijing. During the Olympic Games, all foreign leaders came to China to watchacrobatic performances. Modern acrobatics combined with sound, color, light andother advanced elements are more gorgeous and exciting than traditionalacrobatics. It really reflects the brilliance of one minute on stage and tenyears off stage. Almost all the performances have won awards in theinternational arena, so we are visiting Beijing During this period, acrobaticsis absolutely not to be missed if you have time in the evening. If you dont go,you will be sorry, but you will be shocked.

The most important thing to come to Beijing is to visit. Apart fromclimbing the Great Wall, eating roast duck and watching acrobatics, what elsecan we play? Generally speaking, we can enter Guangzhou to watch cars, fly toGuilin to watch mountains, go to Xian to watch tombs, visit Beijing to watchwalls, pass Tianjin to watch docks, visit Qinghai to watch the source, visitTibet to watch Buddhas head, visit Nanjing to watch stones, visit Shanghai towatch peoples heads drunk, visit Shanghai to watch peoples heads;Unforgettable Hangzhou girl. What you see in Beijing is the top of the wall,that is, the most important thing is the history and culture left over from theancient capital. If you join this tour group and meet guide Xiao Li, you are ina Beijing history and culture crash course, so you should listen to mecarefully. Cant get on the car to sleep, get off the car to pee, take photos ofscenic spots, go home and ask nothing. Especially when there are many touristsin Beijing, adults look at their heads and children look at their buttocks, sowe should play with me, hold the hand of the guide, and travel together inBeijing!

Beijing is the capital of Liao, Jin, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, thelast five feudal dynasties in Chinese history. Its design and planning embodiesthe highest achievement of ancient Chinese urban planning, and is known as "thegreatest individual project of human beings on the surface of the earth". Weshould not only look at the history, but also the modern development of Beijing.Now lets briefly introduce the situation of Beijing.

Beijing covers a total area of 16808 square kilometers and is divided into18 districts. Beijing is surrounded by Hebei Province. From the map, HebeiProvince surrounds the whole of Beijing, and it is not far from Beijing

Chengde Mountain Resort is the largest classical Royal Garden in China. In1984, it was rated as one of the top ten scenic spots in China. In 1994, it waslisted in the world heritage list. It is very worth seeing. If we can arrange itsometimes, we should go there for a day or two.

The terrain of Beijing is high in the northwest and low in the southeast,which is in line with the artistic conception of an ancient poem that a riverflows eastward. Beijing plain accounts for 1 / 3, mountain accounts for 2 / 3.There are more than 16 million permanent residents in Beijing, more than 4million people from other places, and more than 20 million people live in onethird of the plain. Therefore, the traffic pressure just mentioned is veryheavy.

To this end, Beijing has made great efforts to improve the trafficenvironment. The cost of bus is also very cheap. Basically, one yuan is enoughfor taking the bus, and 20% or 40% discount can be given for those with buscard. We work in the suburbs because its expensive to rent or buy a house inthe urban area. Although its cheap to take the bus, it takes a long time. Weneed to get up early in the morning to go to work. Sometimes it only takes 30minutes to do a business in the urban area, but it takes two hours to come bybus, and it takes two hours to go back, so one day is spent on the bus. Becauseof the long journey, we usually have to take the bus home from work, so thenightlife in Beijing is not very rich. Talk about the four idiots in Beijing:eat lobster, go shopping to Yansha, sing and love flowers, and go home afterwork. The poor go home after work, the drunkard go home at 9, the luster go homeat 11 and the gambler go home at 2-3.

The starting price of a taxi is 10 yuan for 3 km, and 2 yuan per km after 3km. In addition to improving the above ground transportation, we should focus onthe development of the subway. The cost of the subway is also very cheap. Itcosts 2 yuan to get through. As long as you dont go out of the subway door, youcan take a ride for a day, so as to stimulate the reduction of private cars,reduce road congestion, improve air quality and environmental protection. Butthe rich should buy a car or buy a car, and the poor should take what kind ofcar, so we should not climb, compare, and be angry with ourselves in our dailylife; eat less salt, be jealous, play less mahjong, and take more walks; sleepon time, get up on time, and do boxing and aerobics.

Good health is really good. According to official statistics, the averagelife span of Beijingers has reached 80 years old. Before the reform and openingup, it was 60 years old. Why? With the improvement of living standards, Chinesesociety is developing, and Beijing is developing. In the past, only the emperorcan eat, but now ordinary people can also eat the palace flavor. In the past,the emperor can wear silk, but now ordinary people can buy it, too The jadebrought by the emperor is good for our health. We can also buy it now. Themedicinal materials of Tongrentang, which has a history of more than 300 years,used to be used exclusively by the royal family, especially the Empress DowagerCixi, who used to take the Wuji Baifeng pill of Tongrentang all the year round.Now we can also buy it. We can also buy the Royal Cloisonne ornaments. In short,the royal family can eat, wear and play Good health, we can do now, in additionto the emperors harem three thousand, so many women we cant do. When we cometo Beijing for tourism, if we need to use these things or give them as gifts tofriends and relatives, they are very helpful. They can support the developmentof Beijings tourism industry and improve our taste in life. When it comes totaste, men are divided into six grades: first-class men have a home outsidetheir home, second-class men have flowers outside their home, third-class menfind a home in their flowers, fourth-class men go home from work, fifth classmen go home from work, and their wives are not at home, sixth class men go homefrom work, and there is a man beside their wives. Women can be divided into fourclasses. First class beauties travel abroad, second class beauties ShenzhenZhuhai, third class beauties Beijing Shanghai, and fourth class beauties wait athome.

So what do we usually call a beautiful woman in Beijing? The older one iscalled sister, the older one is called aunt, and the younger one is called girl.Generally speaking, men are called elder brother, and the elderly are calledelder brother. Children are called children. But pure Beijingers, that is, oldBeijing, call girls girls girls instead of girls. I dont call a beauty abeauty, but a honey. Call him or not, call him ya. I dont care if you call meinside. Call a woman a woman, not a woman. Call a man a man, not a man. Call afriend porcelain instead of a friend. A lover is not called a lover, but an ace.I dont call a little girl a little girl, but a girl.

This is Beijings address, Tianjins address is more special, for example:there are people calling sister, not sister, anyway, no matter how old you are,even if you are only a teenager, there may be 50 or 60 years old people callingyour sister, not sister. There are those who call big brother, but not brothersor brothers. Even an elderly grandmother will call a young man in her 20s bigbrother, but she wont call brothers. Some call uncle, but not uncle. That is tosay, no matter what is your fathers ranking at home, you should call his otherbrothers uncle, and your fathers younger brother is not uncle. In a word, itsbasically shouting. Thats what Tianjin is called. Tianjin is called the backgarden of Beijing. During holidays, Beijingers will drive there for holidays.Tianjin is more than 100 kilometers away from Beijing, and the whole journey isonly two hours to Tianjin. If we have time, we can play one more city by the waywith little fare.

The road we are taking now is the capital airport expressway, which wasbuilt in 92 and opened to traffic in 93. The capital airport expressway is 18 kmlong, with 34.5 m wide subgrade and 6 lanes in both directions. There are 3 mwide emergency parking belts on both sides of the road. It is fully closed andinterchange. The design speed is 120 km / h. The starting point is Sanyuanqiao.It takes 10 minutes from Sanyuanqiao to the Capital International Airport.Expressway pavement structure layer, the introduction of foreign asphaltmodification technology, in the ordinary asphalt mixed with plastic or rubber,change the high temperature and low temperature stability of asphalt, make itnot soften at 60 ℃ high temperature, not brittle at minus 30 ℃ low temperature,but also enhance the anti-wear ability, reduce noise, greatly extend the servicelife. The use of modified asphalt, which is the first in domestic highwayconstruction. The capital airport expressway costs 100 million yuan perkilometer, which is known as the first road to China. No matter how old anofficial or ordinary person you are, you have to enter Beijing from thisexpressway.

Usually when we talk about Beijing, where is it called Beijing? Accordingto the official regulations, the third ring road is called Beijing. Sanyuanqiao,the starting point of our airport expressway, connects the third ring road. Whatis "three yuan"? The imperial examination system is called "three yuan". Thefirst place of the provincial examination, the imperial examination and theimperial examination is Jieyuan, Huiyuan and the number one scholar. One afteranother, he won the first place in the provincial examination, the generalexamination and the palace examination, which is called Lianzhong Sanyuan.Taking the Qing Dynasty as an example, the whole process of imperial examinationin the old days started from the grass-roots level of government, prefecture andcounty, which was called childrens examination. Those who enter for theexamination are called Tong Sheng, and those who pass the examination are calledXiucai. The first one is called desk. The formal higher level nationalexamination is called the local examination, which is held in the provincialcapital. The examinees are scholars from all over the country. After passing theexamination, they are called Juren, and the first place is "Jieyuan"; the nexthigher level is the joint examination, which is held in the Ministry of rites.The examinees are Juren, and after passing the examination, they are calledGongsheng, and the first place is "Huiyuan"; The imperial examination was heldin the palace. The emperor personally presided over the examination. Thecandidates were Gongsheng, who were called Jinshi after winning the examination.The imperial examination system in ancient China has a history of more than onethousand years, in which 17 people were able to connect the three yuan.

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篇14:北京清华大学的导游词

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:大学,导游,全文共 828 字

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在建大礼堂时,因为当时的美国政府不信任中国的建筑技术和建筑材料,所以他是由美国政府出资,美国设计师设计,建筑大礼堂用的一砖一瓦也是从美国先由水路运到天津塘沽,然后再运到北京,花费了很大的人力和物力,现在在美国的哥伦比亚大学还有一栋和它一模一样的建筑。

大家左边的这2栋楼,分别是第一、第二教室楼。第一教室楼建于1952年,一楼是两个大阶梯教室,二、三楼也有大小教室数间,刚建成时是全校的主要课堂之一,到现在仍然是学生上课自习用的教室楼。

第二教室楼建于1954年,里面有三个大教室和一个大会议室,一直以来就是学生上课自习的场所,学校的很多会议、活动也是在这里进行。实际上,第一、第二教室楼代表了50年代清华校园的苏式建筑风格。

在清华还有很多的小纪念物,其中比较有名的就是日晷了。这是1920级学生毕业时献给母校的礼物。它的上部是中国古典计时器——日晷的造型,下部的底座上刻着“行胜于言”四个字,这是1920级学生的名言,也是清华大学的校风,就是鼓励清华的同学们少说多做

发扬实干的精神。日晷是我国古代一种简单的计时器,它是根据太阳光对一个倾斜的指针所产生的阴影的位置来表示时间。一般都是把一个不锈钢的指针装在一个石刻的圆盘的中心,再将圆盘斜卧在一个平台上,南高北低,使指针的上端正指北极,下端正指南极。圆盘的上下两面各刻上12个时辰,当太阳正南的时候,针的投影正好投在正北的方向,也就是午时。每当春风以后看圆盘上面的影,秋风以后看下面的影。

清华大学的校训是:自强不息,厚德载物。1914年,梁启超先生以《君子》为题给清华学生进行了一次演讲,其中,他引用了《周易》中“乾”、“坤”二字的卦辞,“天行健,君子以自强不息;地势坤,君子以厚德载物,”意思就是说人应该像天的运行一样,刚劲强健,风雨无阻,不受外界的干扰。人也应该像大地一样柔顺,培养出公而无私、宽厚为怀的高尚品格。只有这样,才能担负起建设祖国的重任。演讲过后,学校就以此八字为校训,设计校徽,从而永久流传。

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篇15:介绍北京青龙峡的导游词范文

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 256 字

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青龙峡位于北京市怀柔区城北20公里处,距北京三元桥75公里,是集青山、绿水、古长城于一体的自然风景区。景区占地面积150公顷,南北狭长约十余华里,雄伟的水库大坝将景区分为两个部分。

青龙峡旅游度假村位于怀柔区怀北镇著名的古长城关口大水峪关附近,南邻风光旖旎的雁栖湖,是集田园风光、山川秀色、青山绿谷、长城古貌为一体的旅游观光、度假休闲胜地。独特的塞外气候,凉爽宜人,是人们远离闹市喧哗,寻觅山水静地,回归山野自然,旅游观光度假的最佳选择。青龙峡风景区由万里长城登城游览、苍龙峡观飞龙瀑和青龙峡水上游乐三大景区组成。

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篇16:北京孔庙的导游词范文

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 1401 字

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孔庙是祭祀著名的思想家、教育家,世界文化名人孔子的庙宇,源远流长。北京孔庙始建于元大德六年(公元1320_年),元大德十年(公元1320_年)建成,初具规模。明嘉靖九年(公元1530年)建崇圣祠,用于供奉孔子五代先人。清光绪三十二年(公元1920_年)扩建大成殿,孔庙始成今日的规模。整座孔庙分三进院落,占地约220_平方米,采用了主体建筑沿中轴线分布,左右对称的中国传统建筑布局。在700多年的漫长历史中,这里成为元、明、清三代统治者尊孔崇儒,宣扬教化,主兴文脉的圣地,也成为众多志在功名的读书人顶礼膜拜的殿堂。这组比故宫还年代久远的皇家古建筑浓缩了千年儒家文化精髓,凝固了一段数百年的漫漫科举之路。徜徉在古柏参天、石碑林立、崇基高堂的孔庙里,远离都市的喧闹,触摸历史、文化的脉搏,以宁静淡泊的心去感受中华传统文化的博大精深,实在是件雅事。

北京孔庙主体建筑都覆以黄色琉璃瓦,是封建社会的最高建筑规制。整座孔庙建筑布局科学,规模宏大,凸显皇家气派。

先师门(又称棂星门)是孔庙的大门,面阔三间,进深七檩,单檐歇山顶,基本上保留了元代的建筑风格,先师门两侧连接庙宇的外围墙,犹如一座城门。进入先师门,迎面看到的便是大成门。大成门创建于元代,清代重修,面阔五间,进深九檩,单檐歇山顶。整座建筑坐落在高大的砖石台基上,中间的御路石上高浮雕海水龙纹图样,五龙戏珠,栩栩如生。大成门前廊两侧摆放着10枚石鼓,每枚石鼓的鼓面上都篆刻一首上古游猎诗。这是清乾隆时仿公元前8世纪周宣王时代的石鼓遗物刻制的,那难辨的文字和深邃的诗意恐怕只有学识渊博的孔老夫子才能完全理解吧。第一进院落是皇帝祭孔前筹备各项事宜的场所,其东侧设有宰牲亭、井亭、神厨,用于祭孔三牲的宰杀、清洗和烹制。两侧有神库、致斋所用于祭孔礼器的存放和供品的备制。

第二进院落是孔庙的中心院落,每逢祭孔大典,这里便钟鼓齐鸣,乐舞升平,仪仗威严。大成殿是第二进院落的主体建筑,也是整座孔庙的中心建筑,是孔庙内最神圣的殿堂。大成殿始建于大德六年(公元1320_年),后毁于战火,明永乐九年(公元1420_年)重建,清光绪三十二年(公元1920_年)将殿由7间扩建为9间。殿内金砖铺地,内顶施团龙井口天花,其规制是我国封建社会的最高建筑等级,堪与故宫太和殿媲美。殿中供奉孔子“大成至圣文宣王”木牌位,神位两边设有配享的“四配十二哲”牌位。神位前置祭案,上设尊、爵、卣、笾、豆等祭器均为清乾隆时的御制真品。大殿内外高悬清康熙至宣统9位皇帝的御匾,均是皇帝亲书的对孔子的四字赞语,是珍贵的文物。

孔庙的第三进院落最具特色,由崇圣门、崇圣殿和东西配殿组成独立完整的院落,与前二进院落分割明显而又过渡自然,反映出古人在建筑部局上的巧妙构思。这组建筑称为崇圣祠,是祭祀孔子五代先祖的家庙。建于明嘉靖九年(公元1530年),清乾隆二年(公元1737年)重修,并将灰瓦顶改为绿琉璃瓦顶。崇圣殿又称五代祠,面阔五间,进深七檩,殿前建有宽大的月台,月台三面建有垂带踏步各十级。殿内供奉孔子五代先人的牌位及配享的颜回、孔伋、曾参、孟轲四位先哲之父的牌位。东西配殿坐落在砖石台基上,面阔三间,进深五檩,单檐悬山顶,内奉程颐、程颢兄弟、张载、蔡沈、周敦颐、朱熹6位先儒之父。

三进院落及其建筑有明确的建筑等级差别和功能区域划分,和谐统一地组成一整套皇家祭祀性建筑群落,是我国古代建筑的杰出代表。

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篇17:北京什刹海景点导游词

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 953 字

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今天,醇亲王府已经成为什刹海边的一道风景线,众多的游人慕名前来,只为心中那一份对历史的眷恋和对古迹的景仰。

梅兰芳故居

梅兰芳先生一生中的最后10年是在什刹海西北隅护国寺街9号度过的,这是一座典型的北京四合院,占地716平方米。如今已成为人们缅怀大师的观光景地。

这是一座两进的北京小四合院。共有房屋37间。现有馆藏文件3万余件。正院保存故居原貌,会客厅、书房、卧室和起居室内的各项陈设均按梅兰芳生前生活原状陈列。

郭沫若纪念馆

千竿胡同往北大约30来米,前海西街18号,这里便是一代文化名人郭沫若晚年居住过的地方。1963年秋天,郭沫若迁居此处,在什刹海西畔这座古朴的北京四合院里走完了人生最后14个年头。

走进纪念馆,草地上,郭沫若的铜像安坐在藤萝架前,双手轻轻放在膝头、目光平静而坦然。驻足绿荫下,闹市里久违的鸟鸣声,不绝于耳。

院内最为显眼的当数郭沫若夫妇亲手种植的银杏和牡丹,那些曾经与主人朝夕相处的一草一木,浸润在主人真诚与博大的情感世界中。人垂花门进四合院,东西两厢已辟为陈列室,以图片和实物展示着诗人、学者兼战士不平凡的一生。正房的客厅、办公室、卧室依旧是主人在世时的陈列。暖郎环绕小小的月季园,通向最北面的房间,正中的一间是郭沫若夫妇研磨书法的地方。伟人已去,故园依旧。一卷卷书稿,一幅幅书法佳作,保留着他的神韵。

广化寺

衣冠杂沓,车马骈阗的什刹海,历来是扎根皇城的佛教僧侣弘法结缘的首选之地。皆因梵刹林立,故名什刹海。什刹之一,饱经700年沧桑的佛门古刹广化寺,坐落在鼓楼后西侧后海北岸的鸦儿胡同31号。广化寺坐北朝南,东临银锭桥,西傍宋庆龄故居,占地1.38万平方米,拥有殿宇329间,分中、东、西三大院落。整座寺院建筑严谨,僧房毗连,形成院中有院的建筑特色。寺内古柏苍翠,花草溢香,曲径通幽。

广化寺始建于元代,后经明清三次修建,清宣统元年(1909)曾在此筹建京师图书馆,鲁迅先生曾在此任职。1921年8月对外开放。1982年北京佛教协会成立并将会址设在此寺。1986年,北京佛教协会在广化寺西路祖堂内肇建了北京佛教音乐团,弘扬中国传统音乐文化,演奏“京音乐”即佛教音乐,并培养后继者。如今,广化寺不仅是信徒们礼佛的地方,佛教音乐、礼佛仪式等也已作为一种文化,成为什刹海民俗文化景区的重要组成部分。

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篇18:北京天坛的导游词

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 459 字

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我叫任_,是你们这次天坛之旅的导游。此刻我们的车正行驶在去天坛的路上,在那里我先简单地介绍一下天坛。

天坛位于北京城南端,是明清两代祭祀天地之神和祈祷五谷丰登的地方。它的严谨的建筑布局,奇特的建筑结构,瑰丽的建筑装饰,被认为是我国现存的一组最精致、最美丽的古建筑群。天坛不仅仅是中国古建筑中的明珠,也是世界建筑史上的瑰宝。

好了,我们已经到了天坛公园,请大家跟我出发吧!此刻我们看到的是祈年殿。殿高33米,直径24。2米,是昔日北京的最高建筑之一。1751年重建祈年殿,更换蓝瓦金顶。1887年八月二十四日,雷雨交加,祈年殿不幸被击中,焚烧。因楹柱为檀香木,香飘数里!

下面我们来到天坛南半部的圆丘坛,它始建于1530年,坐北朝南,四周绕以红色宫墙。子墙内部各有一大门,每座门上题有满汉合壁门额。内中央处,就是祭天台(也叫拜天台),即圆丘台。

咦,不知大家是否注意到,自从我们进入天坛,到处树木葱郁,尤其在南北轴线和建筑群附近,更是古柏参天,树冠相接,把祭坛烘托得十分肃穆。

好了,我的介绍到那里就结束了,下面大家能够自由参观。

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篇19:经典北京八达岭长城导游词

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 2375 字

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各位游客,大家好,这次我很荣幸能和大家一起到八达岭观光旅游,希望大家在八达岭上度过一段美好的时光。请注意不要乱扔垃圾。

长城是世界闻名的奇迹之一,它想一条长龙,盘踞在中国北方的辽阔的土地上。它是中国古代劳动人民智慧的结晶,也是我们华夏子孙的骄傲,游客们现在我们到达了八达岭长城的脚下,前面的那座山是军都山,八达岭长城就盘踞在这座山上。现在我们在八达岭长城上,向下看可以看见一个U型的城墙和抵挡敌人的瓮城,垛口处如果坏人涌进城内,将被四面守城的将士围歼,如落瓮中,所以瓮城也是长城的一个重要的主城部分。

我们再往下走可以看见上城口右边陈列着一门大炮,名为‘威大将军’。这门大炮长一米多,射程最多进500米,可见当时的军工业水平是十分优秀的。以前这是抵挡敌军的。

长城是我们中华民族的象征,全世界的文化遗产,会焕发出新的生机。以前,流传着一个叫‘孟姜女哭长城’的`故事。内容是这样的,从前有个叫孟姜女的姑娘,她和丈夫结婚的时候,几个官兵把丈夫抓到长城去做劳工,孟姜女历经千辛万苦终于到了,长城露出丈夫的尸首,她便大哭起来,哭了三天三夜,把长城一节一节的哭倒了。这个故事就发生在这里。希望这次旅游给大家留给一个美好的回忆。让我们一起度过这次愉快的旅游。

谢谢大家,本次导游结束!

经典北京八达岭长城导游词范文4

中国的长城作为坚固的军事防御功能,已经永远失去了它的历史作用,但作为伟大的建筑永远屹立在中华大地。成为中华民族。团结的象征。1987年,长城被列入《世界文化遗产名录》,被专家学者称为“ 世界上最长的防御性城墙 ” 。

今天我们登上了长城,在中国的旅游界界流行着一句话 “ 不到长城非好汉 ”。现在各位都是英雄好汉了,女士们就是巾帼英雄。长城横贯中国的北部,长达6000多公里,合计12000多华里,所以叫 “ 万里长城 ”。长城与黄河被称为中国北方两巨龙。北京位于黄河以北,长城以南,俗话说 “ 万里长城万里长,遥想当年秦始皇 ”,其实长城并非起自秦始皇,应该说是起自春秋战国。

公元前221年,友好往来一举灭掉了六国,他把中国北部的旧长城连接了起来。形成了一道西起临洮,东到辽东的万里长城。这一段历史时期的长城叫做秦长城。大家听说过孟姜女哭长城的传说吗?说的是孟姜女新婚不久,他的丈夫范杞良就被抓去修长城。一去三年,没有音信。一天夜里孟姜女做了一个梦,梦见她的丈夫饥寒交迫,衣不遮体,浑身发抖。喊着说:“ 我冷啊!我冷啊! ”于是孟姜女决定千里寻夫为他送寒衣。她从江淮一带(今安徽)来到北方,沿着长城找寻她的丈夫,她四处打听,一直都没有下落。到山海关一带,一个修城的工头说,范杞良早已经死了。她悲痛欲绝,放声大哭。哭倒了长城八百里。这个传说反映了秦始皇强征民夫,横征暴敛的暴政。

到了西汉时期,汉武帝又修了一道外长城。而且,把它修到了阴山以北,可怜的匈奴人只有 “ 望队山而泣 ” 。真可谓 “ 不叫胡马度阴山 ”。这一段汉长城可以说是西起新疆境内,东经蒙古,一直到黑龙江流域长达两万余里。这一时期的长城,称为汉长城。

公元1368年,明朝皇帝朱元璋派大将徐达北筑长城,从那时起直到明朝末期,先后大修长城十八次,历时260余年。公元1500年,也就是弘治十二年,才完成了明长城的规模。它东起鸭绿江西到嘉峪关,经辽宁、河北、北京、山西、陕西、内蒙古、宁夏、甘肃等省市自治区。全长12700多华里。这一时期的长城叫明长城。就是今天我们各位看到的八达岭这一段的长城。所以说在历史上有三次筑城高潮。这就是秦长城、汉长城、明长城。

如果我们把中国历代的长城全部加起来,它遍布16个省市自治区,总长度5.4万公里,合计10.8万华里。

居庸关号称天下雄关,俗话说 “ 长城之险不在居庸关,而在八达岭 ” 。也就是说 “ 关在居庸,险在八达岭 ”。八达岭这段长城以瓮城为中心,南至七楼,北到十十楼,全长4770米。它是北京山区通向塞外的唯一通道,八达岭是居庸关的前哨阵地,取四通八达之意。由此可以通向延庆、宣化、张家口、大同、永宁、四海的交通汇集点。八达岭西有岔道城,驻兵780多人。是重要的前哨阵地。建于1531年(嘉靖三十年),而八达岭建于1505年(弘治18年),这一带的山叫做军都山,崇山峻岭,形势险要,城关重重,但它终没有挡住李自成的农民军,1644年3月18日,李自成率32万大军东度太行山,直取八达岭破居庸关。逼的明朝皇帝崇祯自缢死在煤山,推翻了明王朝。请大家看长城,在总体构造上是上窄下宽,上窄约5.8米,下宽约6.5米。它分别由四种基本的构造构成的,一,城墙;二,城台;三,关隘;四,烽火台。墙内有券门,中间有石梯相连,城墙上可容五马并走。烽火台又叫烟墩,用于传递军情。它独立于长城之外,几乎每隔一里就有一座。在万里长城上形成了千里的报警系统。每当有敌兵进犯的时候,烽火台燃起烽火,传递军情,白天点烟有枯枝柴加狼粪所以又叫狼烟,烟色浓黑冲上蓝天这叫烽;夜间点烟,必然看不风,就点火这叫燧。合起来称为烽燧。歌曲里唱的“ 狼烟遍地 ”也就是战争爆发了。明朝规定来犯敌兵百余人点一烟,鸣一炮;五百人左右,两烟两炮;千余人以上,三烟三炮;五千人以上,四烟四炮;万人以上,五烟五炮。各位听说过烽火戏诸侯的故事吗?说的是西周的时候,周幽王为此烦恼,不知如何使她笑起来,这时有位拍马屁的大臣说,您可以在骊山的烽火台上燃起烽火,各位诸侯必然闻讯来救,当他们看到没有敌人,场面必然十分尴尬。果然当周幽王燃起烽火的时候,各路诸侯以为就师告急,空忙一场,看到各路诸侯狼狈的样子,褒姒不禁一笑,周幽王大喜,各路诸侯愤然而去。后来,西戎族真的来攻打京师了,周幽王燃起烽火求救,结果各路诸侯按兵不动,其下场是周幽王被杀,而褒姒被俘,这就是历史上的“ 周幽王烽火戏诸侯,褒姒一笑失天下 ” 。

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篇20:北京天坛导游词400字

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 500 字

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大家好!我是邱林,我很荣幸担任北京天坛导游,有不懂的可以随时来找我帮忙,现在我们继续沿着中轴线行走,面前的建筑叫做天库,而它的正殿就是皇穹宇。皇穹宇建于明嘉靖九年,起初叫做泰神殿,到了十七年,改名为现在的皇穹宇,它的作用就是在平日存放圜丘坛祭祀主神的地方,所以这里也叫圜丘坛寝宫。殿内正面的圆形石台上安放的就是皇天上帝的神牌,而前边两侧的四个方形石台上安放的则是八位祖先神主,还有东西配殿用来存放从祀神位。而皇穹宇三个字也分别代表了至高无上,天,宇宙的意思,更加显示出它的神圣和至尊。

它是一座建筑艺术价值非常高的殿宇,总体呈圆形,下边是高2。85米的圆形须弥座,为青白石筑成,有东南西三个方向的出陛,也就是台阶,而在南向出陛还有二龙戏珠的丹陛石。上边是蓝色筒瓦单檐攒尖鎏金宝顶。而在殿内还有八根檐柱和八根金柱,大殿上架没有横梁承托,全都是靠各类斗拱层层上叠来支撑,步步收缩,从而形成了精美的穹隆圆顶。这里边还运用了物理学中的杠杆原理。这组建筑不仅十分精美,而且还有回音壁和三音石,这和刚才我们说的天心石合称天坛三大声学现象。回音壁就是皇穹宇的外墙,围墙建造的磨砖对缝,十分的平滑,是很好的声音载体。

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