长城景点讲解导游词（实用20篇）

一、《剑阁铭》作者张载，字孟阳，湖北人，父张收在蜀郡任太守，张载于晋太康二年(公元281年)

到蜀中看望父亲，途经剑门，因感慨剑门雄险，而蜀人常恃险作乱，而作《剑阁铭》该诗四字成韵，共184字，它开创了第一以诗文的形式赞剑门之险，第一个记剑门之史，第一个叙剑门之事。同时在诗中提出了“兴实在德、险亦难恃”的观点，用我们现在的话说，就是要以德治国，益州刺史张敏读后，认为是天下奇文，上表晋武帝司马炎推荐，被铭刻于剑门山东向石壁上。

二、李白《蜀道难》(公元701-762年)是我国伟大的浪漫主义诗人，人称诗仙，字太白，号青莲居士，陇西成纪人，生于吉尔吉斯坦共和国，长于绵州昌隆县(今四川江油青莲镇)于十九岁游览剑门关，公元725年出蜀漫游，游遍了祖国名川大山，于公元730年在京都长安写下了《蜀道难》现被译为多国文字，在世界各地广为流传。

三、陆游《剑门道中遇微雨》公元1172年，陆游应四川宣抚史王炎邀请，入其幕僚为其抗金，后因朝庭调其任临安(浙江抗州市)枢密院，幕府解散，陆游改任成都府路安抚司参议官。十一月他离开南郑，踏上西去成都的旅程。陆游当年曾四次在剑门蜀道，因干办公务而往返，陆游先生一界书生投笔从，有志不能伸，象一个大病的人，在细雨中骑着一匹毛驴，穿着一袭青衫，借酒浇愁，衣衫上征尘酒痕历历在目，因而写下了这首快灸人口的佳作。

四、杜甫的《剑门诗》杜甫(公元712年-770年)字子美，号少陵，生于河南巩县，卒于湖南湘江的一条船上，杜甫出生在唐朝由盛转衰的转折时期，经历了唐玄宗、肃宗、代宗三朝，政治上不受重用，生活在社会下层，目睹了残酷的社会现实，创作了一千四百多首忧国忧民的诗歌，公元759年12月1日为避安史之乱，带领全家入蜀，途经剑门因而写了《剑门诗》。

自蜀王开明氏五丁开道，诸葛亮于公元231年建关设尉以来，剑门关就是一个非常雄险的古战场，历代兵家必争之地(经历了大规模的战争100多余次，平均不到20年就有一场战争)凡有志称王蜀中者，必须攻下的天险，所以有“攻下剑门关，犹如得四川”的说法，纵观剑门战争史，只有三次从小路迂回攻破剑门，于是守关者说：“一关失，半川没”。

对面就是解放军总政后勤部《中华雄关》摄制组说的“潼关有土无石，剑门有石无土，山是一块巨石，石是一座大山”的雄关天堑了。西边是金城山(上有一道观临绝壁而建名仙峰观)，东向是营盘嘴又名姜

维城，两崖相向，构成剑门关的关口。古之关口，上宽150米左右，底宽50米。中建一座关楼。沧桑巨变，一千七百年前，诸葛亮当年立石为门的“门”历代相继设关的“关”，均以化为战火尘烟。清代最后一次修建筑的关楼(由当时的四川总督陈谟回京述职时倡仪于乾隆二十五年八月初十动工，次年三月初三完工)老人们记忆犹新：过往人马，从北而来，必闯关而过，踏步步石阶而上，始至关楼前沿，石砌楼座正中，有拱券门洞，开木门两扇。门扉护以铁皮，乳钉突起，各九九八十一颗，置剑楼两层于楼座之上，重檐歇山造，翼角凌空，气宇轩昂，檐下匾题“天下雄关”四个金色大字，无不令人嗟叹汗颜!可惜于1935年修川陕公路时被毁。也是是在这里，历史上五位大诗人以同一首《蜀道难》讴歌剑门。最早的是距今1400多年“南梁”的张忄宗“梁山镇地险，积石阻云端。深谷下寥廓，层岩上郁盘。飞梁架绝岭，栈道接危峦。揽辔独长息，方知斯路难。”第二首是公元550年简文帝箫纲的“巫山七百里，巴水三回曲。笛声下复高，猿啼断还续。”第三首是南朝陈代的阴铿的“王尊奉汉朝，灵关不惮遥。高眠长有雪，阴栈屡经烧。轮摧九折路，骑阻七星桥。蜀道如此险，功名讵可要!”第四首就是最有名，影响最深远的唐朝诗仙李白的“噫吁兮，危乎高哉!蜀道之难，难于上青天......剑阁峥嵘而崔嵬，一夫当关，万夫莫开......”第五首是清朝初蜀诗人费锡璜的“金牛开九阪，陈宝出三秦。道绝惟通鸟，桥危不渡人。阴岩春积雪，虚壑夜疑神。故国终难到，题诗泪满巾。”

现在我们已来到剑门的标性建筑仿古关楼前了。这座关楼自1983年-1990年先后邀请重庆建工学院，南京工学院，省建设局三次选址五套方案。最后于1992年9月1日动工，次年6月28日建成，当时张中伟副省长在鞭炮声中剪断了彩绸。这座仿古关楼是原关楼平线东移80米，中轴线北偏东20度。其基础隐在12米深的地下，经过仿砾岩工艺处理，使之与周围环境浑然一体，不露人造痕迹。关楼主体，两层一底，楼高17.1米，底层用长80厘米，宽高各30厘米的细清石条一丁一顺，水泥座浆，错缝修筑，构成四面墙体。墙外用黄泥勾缝，泥中混合草籽，待到山花烂漫时，其绿草如茵，旧貌依稀，俨然久经风霜，石砌拱券门洞，拱高4.5米，宽3.06米，进深14米，南北贯通。上用三国时官方通用汉隶书体刻，“剑阁”二字(因诸葛亮在此修30里阁道，故称为剑阁，古之剑阁即今之剑门)。南向门联是流沙河先生一九九七年题写的“剑铸耕铧，戾气低沉祥气起;门迎览客，杀声远去笑声来”。二层横匾为沙孟海先生题写的“剑门天险”顶层由邑人题写的“眼底长安”。北向门联是古关楼遗联：首当要地，是为双剑之门;体若大邦，或应三刀夜梦。二层横匾是丹阳吴文华题的“天下雄关”、顶层横匾是邵宇题的“雄关天成”。关楼东侧

制高点，筑7.8米高的烽火台，四周有堞垛射孔，平战两用：平时可登台瞭望，观山赏景：战时可燃狼烟烽火，乃古代敌情联络信号，台与楼之间以城墙相连，有断有续，石级踏道，通达其间，成为关楼、城墙、烽火台、梯道为一体的古建筑群，总面积443.56平方米，整个建筑采用了“残、断、缺、旧”的仿古手法，使之新建如旧，断墙、残垣，为人们留下了对历史深沉的回顾，1966年4月20日中科院院长郭沫若游览剑门时，当时既无古关楼，也无今古关楼，只有108国道穿关而过(路比关楼低7米)，所以郭老题写了地名碑后赋诗说：剑门天失险，如砥坦途通......。

站在关楼上远眺七十二峰，共东向38峰，西向36峰，可欣赏“群峰齿尽黑，万砾色皆红”的美景了。我们脚下的游山道是1985年由县风景局修建，全长6公里，铺石阶7000余级，宽1-1.5米，我们将沿石阶而上，坡陡路险，请大家小心，注意安全。

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你们好，欢迎你们来到张家界旅游，我是你们的导游__。

天子山因明初土家族领袖、农民起义领袖向大坤自号“向王天子”而得名.

天子山景区，亦为省级自然保护区。位于武陵源风景名胜区西北部，总面积5400余公顷。原名青岩山。明初，土家族首领向大坤在此揭竿聚义，自号向王天子，部分景点命名与此传说有关。1983年7月15日，桑植县人民政府发文更名为天子山。

该景区交通畅达。自天子山上贺龙公园始，有公路经天子山镇、中湖乡、永定区教字垭镇直达张家界市城区，全程58公里;沿此条经张家界市区可达武陵源区人民政府驻地、张家界国家森林公园，里程分别为114.8公里、89公里。山顶公路与杨家寨景区、张家界国家森林公园袁家界小景区相通，全程20公里。从天子山农场往左经丁香溶有简易公路可去老屋场小景区。旅游旺季，有班车从贺龙公园开往桑植县城。此外，建有步行游道16代公里。

境内中部高，四周低，海拔800米以上为发育不成熟的石灰岩层，800米以下属厚度很大的石英砂岩层。最高峰天子峰，面北而峙，海拔1260米。立峰凭眺，见台地错列，石峰嶙峋，云雾缭绕，峰、峡、瀑、林遍布千山万壑。山顶、山腰台地突兀凌空，多达60余处，交错伸延，是天然观景台。现已开发石家檐、茶盘塌、老屋场、鸳鸯溪等4个小景区。尚有凤栖山、黄龙泉小景区待开发。

"谁人识得天子面，归来不看天下山。"凡到过天子山的人，对这些评价都是赞同的。天子山景观奇特，惊险万端。峰高、峰大、峰多，是它的一大特色。峰林之王的代表――御笔峰，它的雄姿，已在国内外多家报刊上展现.

在茶盘塔的西南侧，有一座海拔1200多米高的山峰，这就是“天子峰”。天子峰，看上去活象一位伟人，他坐在那里，身披铁甲，右手握箭，浓眉隆起，两眼怒视前方，似正要指挥千军万马出征，大战一场。这个形象就是人们传说的向王天子，所以取名叫“天子峰”。

天子山美景，春、夏、秋、冬四季不同，晨、昏、午、夜四时各异。霞光中的天子山，似一幅金碧辉煌、色彩亮丽的油画;月光下，错落有致的迷朦山峰，构成一幅水墨山水。春天山花灿烂，依红偎翠;冬日冰雪皑皑，银装素裹。乍晴乍雨或晨错交接之时，天子山云烟缭绕，或铺天盖地，或袅袅婷婷，静如薄纱笼罩，动则运天雪涌。

天子山位于“金三角”的最高处，素有“扩大的盆景，缩小的仙境”的美誉。天子山海拔最高1262.5米(昆仑峰)，最低534米(狮兰峪)。景区总面积67平方公里，环山游览线有45公里。年平均气温12℃，年降雨量1800毫升，年无霜期240天，年冰冻期60到80天左右。从天子山的地质地貌来看，除山顶上海拔几百米以上有一层石灰岩和极少量的龟纹石以外，大部分景区景点都是石英石构成，属砂岩峰林地貌，基本上与索溪峪，张家界相同，是三亿八千万年前由一片_大海逐步沉下来的沉积岩(水成岩)，后来，又由于复杂而漫长的成岩过程，才形成我们今天所见到的总厚度达五六百米的石英砂岩，形成了各种造型奇异的景观。

天子山自然保护区位于武陵源区东北部，桑植县东南边缘，与风景明珠张家界森林公园，十里画廊索溪峪，构成了一个品字形的风景区。天子山自然保护区的总面积为9000余公顷，近一百平方公里。境内最高点昆仑峰海拔1262.5米，最低点泗南峪，海拔534米。环山游览线有45公里。年平均气温12℃，年降雨量1800毫升，年无霜期240天，年冰冻期60至80天左右。

素有峰林之王美称的天子山，她的神奇，在于烟云缭绕的奇石危峰，如柱、如塔、如笋，低者数十米，高者数百米，雕镂百态。有屈子行吟，有姐妹私语，有夫妻情深，有众仙聚会、群娥起舞，有天兵出征等天然群像。天子山的得名，源于土家族起义首领向大坤。他曾引兵三万，自称向王天子，誓与朝廷抗衡。后激战数日，失败被围，大喝三声，从袁家界右侧神堂湾岩嘴上连人带马跳下，化成了天子坐朝等奇峰异石。至今神堂湾神秘莫测，纵深部位环列绝壁千仞，临崖，俯瞰，但觉阴气逼人，深不可知，从古到今，人迹罕至，无人揭示过她的秘密，只好寄想象于神话传说之中，给天子山拂上了一层神秘光彩。

由于山地势高，东南西三面都可观景，透视线长，画面宽阔，景观层次多。站在天子山观景，与黄石寨、金鞭溪的感觉不同。游黄石寨，您是与群峰对坐，与群峰平视;游金鞭溪，您是“人在画中”仰视高耸于溪两岸的群峰;而在天子山，则可俯视大千世界，您会生出“山上无山我独尊”的无限豪情。天子山有四大奇观：峰林、云海、日出、冬雪。一幅幅雄伟壮观、奇特迷人的景象，相信会让大家大饱眼福而流边忘返。

在天子山，人们可以看到开国员勋——贺龙元帅的铜像。贺龙元帅是中华人民共和国的开国元勋，人民解放军的缔造者之一。他就出生在天子山西边桑植县洪家关的一个农民家庭，从两把菜刀砍盐局首义起，一生充满传奇色彩，元帅家乡流传着无数关于他的故事与传说。天子山一带曾经是贺龙、任弼时、肖克、王震等将军打过游击的地方。一回，贺龙在锣鼓塌被民团包围了，当地老百姓急中生智，把贺龙卷在斗垫里，躲过了杀身之祸。这个故事至今还在这一带流传。贺龙铜像高6.5米，重9.3吨，是国内迄今为止最大的一尊单人铜像。你看他身着军大衣，那根曾伴他叱咤风云的大烟斗捍在手中，那匹曾仰天长啸的大白马依偎在膝旁，天风吹衣，目光如炬，整个造型、色彩气韵，就连军大衣上的皱褶都和砂岩大峰林浑然一体，与这里的三千奇峰一道顶天立地，栉雨沐风。还有天子阁、西海石林、石船出海、御笔峰、仙女献花等景点。

天子山的风光，用一句话来概括，就是“原始风光自然美”。她的景观、景点都天造地设，全无人工雕琢痕迹。这里不但有奇山秀水，还有淳朴的民情，奇特的民俗、独具风味的民族食品正等待着各位游客光临。景区内峰林耸立，云雾飘渺，阴晴朝暮，变化万千。因而赢得了“不是黄山，胜似黄山”，“谁人识得天子山，归来不看天下山”等赞语。

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丹东市位于东经123°22′至125°42′，北纬39°43′至41°09′，东与朝鲜民主主义人民共和国的新义州市隔江相望，南临黄海，西界鞍山，西南与大连市毗邻，北与本溪市接壤。丹东地区东西最大横距196公里，南北最大纵距160公里，总面积15222平方公里。

丹东位于亚欧大陆东岸中纬度地带，属暖温带亚湿润季风型气候，年平均雨量多在800-1200毫米之间，是中国北方雨量最多的地区，降水2/3集中于夏季。

年平均气温南部在8-9℃，北部6-7℃，受季风影响，季节变化明显，四季分明，是中国东北地区最温暖最湿润的地方。春秋季节是南、北风交替的季节。春季冷空气开始衰弱北退，暖空气北进;秋季则反之。

冬季时间最长，夏季次之，春秋过渡季节最短。丹东降水量较多，是东北地区降水量最多区，占辽宁省降水量的70%，水源充足。年平均降水量为881.3-1087.5毫米，全年降水量的2/3集中在夏季，其中七月中旬至八月中旬是该区暴雨集中期。

丹东地区江河密布，主要有鸭绿江水系、大洋河水系和沿海水系。全地区2公里以上的大小河流944条，其中流域面积超过4983平方公里的大江、大河4条，即鸭绿江、浑江、叆河、大洋河。

丹东地区是辽东山地丘陵的一部分，属长白山脉向西南延伸的支脉或余脉。地势由东北向西南逐渐降低。按高度和地形特征，可划分为北部中低山区、南部丘陵区、南缘沿海平原区3类规模较大的地貌单元。其中以山地和丘陵为主，局部还有阶地、盆地、台地等小型地貌单元。

丹东市属丘陵地带，地势北高南低，山地丘陵占72.4%，平原谷地面积占14.6%，水域占8.7%，其他占4.3%。自然概貌可概括为"七山一水分半田，半分道路和庄园";宽甸和凤城北部地势最高，平均海拔500米左右，有千米以上山峰14座，最高峰花脖山，海拔1336.1米;凤城中南部以及东港北部平均海拔300米—500米，丹东市城市区和东港中南部地势最低，海拔多在20米以上，最低处海拔在2米以下。

各位朋友：大家好!欢迎来到大蜀山国家森林公园。大蜀山形成于约一百多万年前，是全世界一一座坐落于大城市市区的古火山。不过各位朋友不必惊慌，更不用担心，她已在此长眠多年了!其占地面积566公顷，周长7.75公里，坡度为5-30度，呈椭圆形，山势东南高，西北低，系大潜山系脉。

好了，各位朋友请跟上了，咱们大蜀山树茂林密，青竹吐翠，一年四季美不胜收，因而留下了许多文人骚客的墨宝。有古诗云“一径鸟声喧夕照，半湖帆影湖波”，虽然今天咱们无法看到“帆影湖波”，但“水因山而活，山因水而壮”，却是亘古不变的，更何况咱们现在看到的是其美的一面——冬令雪景。看这银装素裹，茫茫雪海，您有何感想?可有一种诗性大发的冲动?这也难怪，咱们“蜀山雪霁”自古就为“庐阳八景”之一。来，咱们打破“走路不观景，观景不走路”的约定，边走边看!看这茂林修竹在大雪映衬下，颇有些怡情逸性之趣。

大伙儿请注意了，那就是“万物皆白，我独红”的枫树林，在这茫茫雪海的衬托下，红枫更红了，故有“霜叶红于二月花”之说。一路走来一路歌，不知不觉中我们就来到了蜀山顶，在此您是否有一种“我独尊”的感觉?极目远眺，合肥市在云雾的遮掩下，在白雪的映衬中，若有似无，给人一种超凡脱俗，置身仙境之感!向东，我们可以看到高新技术产业开发区内高楼林立;向西，烈士墓掩映在苍松翠柏之间，其气象之肃穆，隐现英烈之忠魂，令人景仰，让人钦佩!这巍巍名山也因有幸掩埋忠骨而更添了几分浩然正气!考试大编辑整理

好了，请各位随我下山!看完了大蜀山之景，听了小梁的介绍，可有细心的朋友发现小梁没告诉诸位蜀山之高?咱们蜀山不能与三山比高，不能与五岳比奇，其海拔仅为284米，可古人云：“山不在高，有仙则名;水不在深，有龙则灵”，清代颅州府学正朱弦咏蜀山“春山艳洽如笑，夏山青翠欲滴，秋山明净如妆，冬山光澹淡欲卧，惟其卧也，古雪霁神开，跃然有起色矣”，为历代对大蜀山的评价之精髓!行至此，小梁不得不对各位说声再见了，希望您有空多来这森林公园看看，没准她那天就成了“火山森林公园”了哩!来

大家好!欢迎您来大同参加晋北古建宗教之旅!在这次旅程开始之前，我先给大家通报一下我们此行的线路和景点。我们首先要和大家一起领略塞外古城大同的风采，参观著名的云冈石窟、华严寺、善化寺、九龙壁;接下来，我们要参观的是著名的北岳恒山悬空寺，以及世界最古、最高的木塔——应县木塔;当然，我们还要登上华北屋脊，去朝拜中国四大佛教名山之首的文殊道场五台山，参观以佛光寺、显通寺为代表的五台古刹，感受那里清凉宜人的气候风光。

好的，我们的旅程已经开始了，现在，让我们先来了解一下中国历史文化名城——大同的概况。大同自古就是兵家必争之地，战国时期，这里是赵国的领地，汉代的时候设置平城县，北魏在此设立都城，辽代设西京道、大同府，大同之名首次出现，取《礼记》中“大道之行也，天下为公……是为大同”的含义，寄托着“同心同德，巩固基业”的美好愿望。大同市是山西省最北的城市，是全省第二大城市，面积1万4千平方公里，人口314万，下辖5区7县。这里地处黄土高原，海拔较高，大陆性气候较为明显，冬季漫长寒冷干燥，夏季短暂温热多雨，春秋凉爽温差较大。因此，处于同一纬度的北京每年超过30摄氏度的炎热天数达80多天，而大同仅为20多天，是一处得天独厚的避暑胜地。来到大同，虽然正值盛夏，但大家是不是感觉就像是初秋时节，特别的清爽凉快。

我们的右面是观音庙，观音庙的门前有一座流光溢彩的琉璃三龙壁。大同市著名的龙壁至城，除了全国最大、最古、最精彩的九龙壁，还有五龙壁、三龙壁、一龙壁，算得上是琳琅满目了。

大家请看，这面就是著名的晋华宫矿。作为“中国煤都”，大同在全国率先推出了别开生面的井下探秘游，您可以身穿矿工的行头，乘坐井下小火车，进入深达300米的地下王国去了解煤炭知识、观看采煤工艺和罕见的地质奇观。

好，过了佛字湾，云冈石窟就快到了。作为全国历史文化名城，大同最辉煌的时代就是北魏王朝，而最辉煌的文化遗产则是北魏王朝倾全国之力营建而成的云冈石窟，1520xx年过去了，北魏王朝早已烟消云散，而云冈石窟仍然笑迎八方来客，向全世界展示着一部雕刻在石头上的北魏史诗。

现在展现在我们面前的，就是闻名中外的金山岭长城。有人说，要看长城之长，上金山岭;要看长城之雄伟，也上金山岭。此话十分有道理。

现在我们所处的位置，在河北省滦平县境内。金山岭长城是北京密云县与河北滦平县的交界线。它西起龙峪口，东到望京楼，全长10.5公里，沿线设有大小关隘5处，67座敌楼，2座烽火台，1988年1月被国务院公布为全国重点文物保护单位。1991年它被国家定为一级旅游景点、风景区。

(停车场至砖垛口的道上)

金山岭长城，始建于北齐，那时为土石结构，单调低矮。十五世纪中叶，明王朝国力由强转弱，北方蒙古族鞑靼、朵颜等各部乘机南侵，京都受到威胁，于是明朝廷决定重修这一段在军事上有重大意义的长城。隆庆元年(公元1567年)明穆宗把抗倭名将戚继光由闽浙调到北方戍边，任命为蓟州总兵。戚继光率部队士兵与当地民夫，对东起山海关、西至镇边(昌平县境)，1000公里的原有长城，普遍进行了改建和重建。边墙城体加宽加高，要冲地段修筑双层的城墙。又在全线修筑1000多座高大坚固的敌楼(又叫敌台或空心敌台)。在戚继光任职的十四年间，就基本完成了这一浩大的工程。在后来的数十年里，明王朝又不断地调兵选将，加以修缮，使它形成一道城墙高峙，战垒林立，能守能攻的坚固防线。金山岭长城，就是其中最突出的一段。这段长城及所属设施都是砖石结构，气势雄伟，旧貌依然。经专家鉴定，是我国万里长城的精华之所在。

金山岭长城充分体现了戚继光“因地制宜，用险制塞”的建筑思想。因此，这段长城设施完备、构筑坚实，布局严谨，攻守兼备。长城沿线的沟壑要冲都设有关口，既能出关巡逻，又可对敌人实行迂回包抄。主要关口加设防线，修筑重墙，山巅上还设烽火台。长城主墙与敌楼挽臂相连，互为一体。一些重要地段往往在主墙道上加设九至十多道障墙。

总观金山岭长城，城关相连，敌楼相望，处处布防，道道设险。遇有战争，烽火传递军情，全线严阵以待。战事和平，沿线驻军可在附近坡地屯田，自筹军粮。

(砖垛口前)

各位朋友，现在我们要进的这个关口叫砖垛口，游人一般都从这里的砖梯登上长城。

据考证，早在北齐时期，就在这里建筑一个关口。戚继光主持修筑金山岭长城时，又在这里重建了这个砖垛口。

砖垛口历来为兵家必争之地。从这一带长城上发现的火炮、石雷、箭头等武器来看，明朝时这里战事不少。近一个世纪，也有大的战事发生。1933年，东北军张学良的部队，曾经在这里与日本侵略军进行过多次激烈战斗。1948年夏天，北京解放前夕，解放军进攻古北口没有成功。然后改从砖垛口，龙峪口等长城上的关口突破，包抄古北口反动派守军的营地，很快歼灭了敌军，打开了古北口通道。

大家请看，这是十分珍贵的文字砖。在这里能见到的并不多，而在将军楼和大狐顶楼中间，500米的城墙上，这种文字砖就多了。这些砖上面主要记载了当年修筑这段长城的年代以及部队番号，如“万历四年震虏骑兵营造”、“万历五年山东左营造”、“万历六年振武右营造”等等。这些文字用楷书或隶书写在砖坯上，烧制而成。长城专家朱希元介绍说，这段文字砖长城，在中国万里长城上是独一无二的。文字砖具有很高的文物价值和观赏价值。

(在砖垛口至东方台的长城上)

漫步在长城上，只要您稍加留心，就会发现一些有趣而独特的东西。

长城底部用条石奠基，上部用长方形青砖包砌，中间用土、沙、石填方。城墙顶部的马道上，都用大方砖铺面，可容六、七人并行。马道的陡坡，都用砖砌成梯形台阶，上下方便，不致于滑倒。这是金山岭长城建筑的独到之处。各位请看，马道上每隔两、三米远，就有一条排水沟，排水沟靠外侧的一端，有一个吐水嘴。这吐水嘴作用有二：一是用来排除雨水，防止雨水冲刷墙体;二是守城士兵从这里施放雷石，打击敌人。不知各位发现没有，有的地方城墙设里外两层。墙顶部靠内侧的一面，用砖砌成高1.5米的墙，叫宇墙，又叫女儿墙。墙顶部靠外侧的一面，用砖砌成高2米的墙，叫垛口墙。垛口墙每隔不远，就有一个旗孔，用来插军旗助威，或以旗作为传递军情的信号。无论内侧的宇墙，还是外侧的垛口墙，都设有上、中、下三层射击孔，可供士兵立着、跪着或卧着三种姿势射击来犯之敌。这又是金山岭长城建筑的独到之处。

另外，金山岭长城上，还可看到数不清的射击孔、了望孔，都饰以各种各样的图案：有桃形、箭头形、刀把形、锯齿形等等，一个个精巧别致，耐人寻味。请大家在游览的过程中细细观察。

(在东方台)

我们中央电视台新闻联播之前播放的片头语长城和中央电视台自用广告语：“传承文明，开拓创新”的背景长城，就是在这里拍摄的。这是金山岭的骄傲，也是万里长城的骄傲。金山岭长城自1986年开放以来，国家的领导人曾多次视察。130多个国家驻华使节来观光游览。100多部影视作品展示了金山岭长城的雄姿。北京丽都、王府、凯宾斯基等几十家大饭店多次在这里开展越野攀登，举行篝火联欢、烟花晚会等各种文体娱乐活动。1998年9月，金山岭长城为来自13个国家的“雷励远征计划”活动的160多人在长城上举行大型酒会，取得圆满成功，给大家留下美好的印象。

各位请看(指西方台)，那就是宝岛“飞人”柯受良1992年飞越长城的地方。当时39岁的柯受良，驾驶着“雅马哈”赛车，象凌空的雄鹰飞越过金山岭长城，成为中华飞跃长城第一人。

1995年10月6日，瑞典有一对青年在那里按中国风俗举行了隆重的婚礼。当时记者问他们为什么要在这里举行婚礼?他们说在长城上举行婚礼有一种特殊的意义，尤其这段长城景观奇特、雄伟壮观，愿自己的婚姻象长城一样牢固可靠。朋友们，你们中是否有人也想到这里举行婚礼，欢度难忘的一刻?如您已婚，也不要遗憾，到这里度金婚纪念日和银婚纪念日也一定终生难忘。

(障墙前的丁字路口)

刚才离开东方台时，有人问我，前面山脊上的那截长城很特别，在这里它起什么作用?现在我就告诉大家，这截高大的城墙叫“支墙”，确实是万里长城所罕见。它与前面的库房楼相通，是库房楼的第一道防线。如果敌兵来犯，守卫在支墙上的士兵可以最先与敌兵交火，万一抵挡不住，可以凭借支墙，边打边撤退，最后撤到库房楼里，继续与敌人战斗。(手指支墙前方两侧的烽火台)各位请看，支墙北面200米的两侧山头上，各有一个圆形的墩台。你们知道那是干什么用的吗?我告诉大家，那叫烽燧，就是烽火台。古代战时，利用它点火报警。夜里点的火叫烽，白天放的烟叫燧。

(在障墙处)

这就是障墙，是金山岭长城特有的设施。在金山岭长城的一些敌楼附近、横着在马道上筑有一道道短墙，这就叫障墙。障墙高2.5米左右，长差不多是马道宽度的三分之二。上面有望孔和射孔，万一敌人攻上长城，守城士兵可以据守障墙，进行抵抗和反击。

(进库房楼)

这座敌楼，就是鼎鼎有名的“库房楼”。它比一般敌楼大，在长城的军事设施上最富代表性。这座敌楼不仅有支墙、障墙等防卫设施，它的外侧还筑有一个半圆形战台，叫月城，上面设有密集的射击孔，这是库房楼的第三道防线。在距离障墙约50米的山坡上又筑有一道“挡马墙”，阻挡敌人的骑兵接近。“挡马墙”就是库房楼的第二道防线。这座楼防守如此严密，说明它不是一般的敌楼，可能是史料中记载的叫做“总台”的敌楼，因它旁边有座库房而被称“库房楼”。

因为时间紧，所以只能走马观花的大概看看。其它的长城还有很多，有机会请大家细细游赏。

左公柳是哈密人的骄傲。它不仅是一道自然景观，也是一道人文景观十九世纪七十年代初，阿古柏在英帝国主义的支持下，占据了新疆大部分土地;沙俄侵略者趁机占领了伊犁。清同治五年，左宗棠挥师西征。为表明与沙俄血战到底的决心，他让部属为自己准备了一口棺材--不能收复新疆，将以死报国。光绪6年，面对日趋激烈的战况，他毅然决定将行营由肃州(今甘肃酒泉)迁到战斗的最前哨哈密。

左宗棠西进时，但见沿途“赤地如剥，秃山千里，黄沙飞扬”，遂传令：“凡大军经过之处，必以植树迎候。否则，无论巡抚、县令，提头来见。”每个士兵也都必须栽柳树数棵，每棵树上挂着栽种人姓名的牌子，负责成活。左宗棠率先垂范，公牍之余，携镐种柳。哈密宾馆现今存有一棵虬枝苍劲的柳树，相传即为左宗棠当年亲手所植。

功夫不负有心人。到十九世纪八十年代(光绪六年前后)，从兰州到哈密，从哈密至乌鲁木齐，“所植道柳，除戈壁外，皆连绵不断，枝拂云霄。”作为湘军大本营的哈密，更是柳浪滚滚。1920xx年(宣统3年)，新疆巡抚袁大化路过哈密时，见到“十里柴湖庙，村户比连，绿荫夹道，清流贯其中，水声潺潺，草木畅茂。”

为纪念湖湘子弟筹边天山、为民造福的不朽业绩，后人将左宗棠和部卒所植柳树，称为左公柳。

在嘉峪关关城闸门附近，有一棵两人合抱不拢的大古柳，根深叶茂，浓荫遮地，被人们称为“左公柳“。 关于这棵古柳树还有着一段传说。

据传，清朝同治年间,，左宗棠奉命率军前去平息动乱后，他来到嘉峪关当他看到戈壁滩上一片荒凉景象，除了稀稀疏疏的骆驼草外，就什么也见不到了，令他感概万分。由于左宗棠所率领的多是湖湘子弟，被迫远离山清水秀的家乡，来到这茫茫的不毛之地，便纷纷开了小差。

左宗棠见此情况，为了稳定军心，立即采取了一系列措施：命令全体将士加宽道路，并决定在路旁大量植树，制定台严格的法令，以其保证树木的成活。若干年后，这一带已经杨柳成荫，树木成行了。后来有个文人曾在一棵柳树上刻下一首诗：“大将筹边未肯还，湖湘子弟满天山，新栽杨柳三千里，引得春风度玉关。“

人们传说嘉峪关关城附近的这棵古柳就是那时所栽，因此，被称为“左公柳“。

当时还有一位老伯把一头驴拴在一棵柳树上，本来这土地就很贫瘠，驴又把这唯一的树给啃了。柳宗元看后，颇为气愤，便叫人找来这位栓驴的老伯，把他斩首示众。

位于厦门市南部，范围包括万石山地、鼓浪屿和厦门海湾部分海域。主要景点有：三湾江海、万笏朝天、鼓浪洞天、古刹新辉、虎溪夜月、金榜钓矶、洪济观日、上里探幽、曾厝度假、黄厝观景等十大景区。

鼓浪屿傍依鹭江，与万石山景区相连，素有"海上花园"美称。全岛绿化覆盖率37%以上,绿树、红花、碧草遍布全岛。岛上现存有13个国家风格各异的建筑物，故有"世界建筑博物馆"之称。

万石山景区，西、北为市区，东、南为景区海域，峰巅巨石遍布，岩奇石怪，千姿百态，独具花岗岩山地景观特色。景区以厦门市园林植物园、虎溪鸿山、南普陀寺、胡里山炮台4部分为主组成。

敦化市位于中国吉林省东部，是延边朝鲜族自治州下辖的一个县级市。敦化市地处长吉图开发开放先导区的节点城市之一，是吉林省区域面积最大的县级市，吉林省重要的交通枢纽，幅接吉林、黑龙江两省四区九县市。敦化素有“千年古都百年县”之称，是唐朝渤海国都城，明清时期称作敖东城，是满清皇室发祥地。1881年设治立县，定名为敦化;1958年由省辖县划归延边朝鲜族自治州，1985年撤县设市。敦化市是中国优秀旅游城市、国家卫生城市、 全国双拥模范城市、 中国刀画之乡。

六鼎山风景区(原六顶山景区)位于敦化市区南5公里处，属于闻名中外的长白山脉丘陵地带，依山傍水，群峰环绕。南部有国家级文物保护单位——渤海国古墓群，北部有牡丹江环绕而过，东部有世界上最大的尼众道场——正觉寺。

正觉寺，是世界最大的尼众道场。该寺主持释佛性大法师含辛茹苦，在海内外广募佛财，重建寺院。该寺院独特的建筑风格和天人合一的建筑理念，更具神韵。20__年竣工的敦化金鼎大佛先成为世界最高的释迦牟尼青铜坐佛。

渤海广场因唐朝渤海郡国而得名，广场占地面积75000平方米，是敦化市占地面积最大、首个拥有音乐喷泉、最富地域文化底蕴的休闲旅游观光广场。

亚光湖国家湿地公园位于敦化市大石头镇，距敦化市区48公里，湖区面积214平方米，四周青山环绕，植被种类繁多，且保持良好。青山抱绿水，湖水如一块明玉般清澈，时有轻舟荡在水面上，是市民休闲娱乐的最佳去处。亚光湖旅游区现以森林生态游、休闲旅游为重点，开发了一系列水上娱乐、野昧鱼宴等旅游项目和特色餐饮，建成了集住宿、餐饮、娱乐、商务为一体的旅游度假区，吸引了越来越多的各地游人前往。20__年12月23日被批准建设国家级湿地公园。

雁鸣湖风景旅游区位于敦化市雁鸣湖镇境内，坐落在鹤大公路沿线，距市区60公里处. 平均海拔263米。

老白山地处敦化市黄泥河自然保护区，西北与黑龙江五常市交界，属于长白山脉张广才岭，主峰海拔高度为1696米，是东北第三高峰，山顶积雪时间长，故称老白山。高大的山体、冷湿的气候、茂密的森林、奔腾的溪流和飞流的石瀑构成保护区独具特色的自然景观。

亲爱的游客朋友们：大家好，欢迎你们来到国家重点风景区—琅琊山。我是这里的地接导游某某，当然大家也可以叫我。。

首先我代表琅琊山景区的全体工作人员欢迎你们的到来,接下来我将带领大家欣赏琅琊的美、琅琊的秀大家知道琅琊山因什么而出名吗嗯,是的，其实琅琊山因为北宋时期大文学家欧阳修写的著作《醉翁亭记》而闻名天下的,在《醉翁亭记》中开篇就赞美琅琊山“林壑尤美，望之蔚然而深秀者，琅琊也”在20_年琅琊山被评为国家旅游局批准为首批4A级旅游景区其主峰有大丰山、小丰山、花山、凤凰山等其最高峰为花山海拔为331米，其他多为200至300米之间景区内有50多处泉眼，泉水清冽甘甜，还有琅琊溪、深秀湖、凤凰湖等溪流湖泊湖光山色相映生辉此次游客朋友们的到来真是一种视觉的享受现在映入我们眼帘的就是琅琊山南大门了，我们就从这里进去吧现在我们便来到了琅琊山的第一个景点了—琅琊墨苑，它是种庭园建筑，展现在大家眼前的白墙黑瓦、飞檐翘角、亭台轩廊、小桥假山等交错体现的是苏州园林的风格，自唐宋以来先后有欧阳修、王安石、苏轼、辛弃疾等众多文人墨客都在此留下了大量的珍贵诗文，为了更好地展示这些琅琊墨宝，所以景区的工作人员收集与整理了有关琅琊山的试诗、名人书画200多篇篆刻于此，所以此地取名为“琅琊墨苑”大家看这些书法字画如行云流水气势磅礴体现了作者对琅琊山的深情厚爱现在我们大家沿这条山道向前走便来到了琅琊山最著名的景点—醉翁亭，其实醉翁亭始建于北宋庆历四年在当时它只不过是一个普通给游人歇脚的小亭子，但因欧阳修在此写下了千古名篇《醉翁亭记》从此便名扬天下，现在的醉翁亭占地约五千平方米，1956年被列为省级重点文物保护单位，大家看这个院门上“醉翁亭”三个字是清朝同治年间全椒人士书写的，大家经过天井向东走便来到亭边就到了醉翁亭，这是种歇山式建筑风格，飞檐翘角十六根立柱分立四方。

大家看周围设置了木栏，这里便是当年欧阳修常与宾客饮酒赋诗的地方，游客朋友们可以站在这里来体会一下当时大文学家的意境呢!现在我们便来到了“二贤堂”故名思议是纪念贤人而建的，二贤堂始建于北宋是当地的百姓为了纪念2位滁州知府王禹某和欧阳修而修建地，现在我们在这里能看见宋明刻本的《醉翁亭记》的影印本及欧阳修手迹的影印件，现在我们向西走便来到了“宝宋斋”，在这里我们可以看见欧阳修的得意弟子苏轼亲笔所写的《醉翁亭记》所雕刻的石碑，由于欧阳修散文和苏轼书法都是北宋时期最高水平的代表所以啊，后人便称此碑为“两绝碑”。现在再往前走，大家看到泉水了吧，这就是闻名以久的让泉，现在的让泉周围是用石块砌成的方池，看-上方有康熙20_年滁州知府王赐魁先生重题的“让泉”碑刻，方池长三尺左右深一尺左右，泉水先涌入方池在由方池流向北汇入玻璃沼。方池水温常年变化不大一直保持在17至18摄氏度泉水中含有多种对人体有益的微量元素，甘甜清冽游客朋友们我们来到了欧阳修纪念馆，进入内堂，大家看到欧阳修先生的塑像了吗?这里还有30多幅全面介绍欧阳修生平的壁画，长廊上镶刻的都是宋代以来苏轼、赵孟頫等大书法家写的《醉翁亭记》都是令人叹为观止的手笔。现在我们沿琅琊古道向前大约走400米就来到了琅琊寺了，琅琊寺原名宝应寺。据说，在修这座寺庙之前，主持修建这座此寺的滁州刺史李犹卿曾绘图给唐代宗看，恰巧唐代宗头天夜里梦见一片山林深处有一座寺院其外形与规模与图上所画地甚为相似，十分高兴，所以特赐名“宝应寺”。“宝应寺“历经沧桑几经兴废，现在游客朋友们看见的所有建筑大多数是清代30年重新修建地。

一九八四年正式以“琅琊寺”命名的琅琊寺景点有80多处现在可供观赏的有大雄宝殿、藏经阁、明月观、念经阁等游客朋友们现在映入我们眼帘的就是大雄宝殿了，它是琅琊寺的主体建筑，位于寺庙中央。殿高14米，进深15.3米外形古朴典雅，气势雄伟，殿内有造型生动释迦牟尼和十八罗汉像，像身通体涂金，金光灿灿，神态毕现栩栩如生。现在我们向右走便来到了藏经楼，它原名叫“藏经阁”现今看见的藏经楼是一九一九年重建的，门额上刻有“三藏玄枢”四个大字。据说此楼曾藏有珍贵的贝叶经一部，楼下为千尊玉佛堂，堂内陈列着缅甸国赠送的一千多尊玉佛。听着真想进去看看不过现在已经没有了。

各位游客朋友们，今天的游览将要结束了，我很高兴大家非常支持配合我的工作，这短短的时光里希望成为你们游览中永恒的记忆，希望下次还有机会为大家服务，祝愿大家在以后生活中天天开心，顺顺利利，再见!

大约1868年，港督麦克唐纳爵士为享受太平山顶清凉宜人的居住环境，特别选址该处兴建避暑别墅。由此，移居太平山逐渐成为了富豪显赫与名流绅士所推崇的风尚。当时的官爷小姐们要往返山顶，就会雇佣穿着整齐制服的轿夫所抬的人力轿子作为交通工具。1904年，居住太平山被正式列为上流社会以及外国使馆的专有权利，更显示了山顶的非凡地位。这个制度一直沿用到1947年才被废弃。太平山顶一直保持着她远离尘嚣的恬静与安详，直到1881年才有了突破性的发展。当年，在苏格兰高原铁路工作的亚历山大.芬利.史密斯向当时的港督轩尼诗爵士提出了建议，修建港岛缆车铁路，其中一段连接美利楼南侧与山顶维多利亚峡，也就是今天的山顶缆车。史密斯一心希望缆车服务能够增加该区的客流量，从而为1873年在他拥有产权的山顶土地上兴建的山顶酒店带来经济效益。可惜的是，这所酒店于1938年毁于火灾。自从山顶拥有了稳定可靠的交通工具后，她迅即凭借居高临下饱览壮阔维多利亚港景色的特色蜚声国际。时至今日，太平山顶每年吸引超过700万的游客到访，成为香港最受欢迎的旅游热点之一。扯旗山意思即是悬挂旗帜的山。地名由来有三：相传清朝海盗张保仔盘踞香港岛时，曾利用该山峰作为瞭望台。因常用旗语联络，每遇船只即以扯旗为号，通知海上同党;1842年，香港正式开始受到英国的统治。英国人为宣示主权，因此于山顶悬挂英国国旗;早期马己仙峡设有瞭望台，每当有轮船驶入维多利亚港，便在太平山上扯旗为号。太平山亦曾被英国人以维多利亚女王的名字命名为维多利亚山(Victoria Peak)。此亦是英语中太平山常用的名称。太平山的其他名称有炉峰、柯士甸山(Mount Austin)和硬头山 。大约1868年，港督麦克唐纳爵士为享受太平山顶清凉宜人的居住环境，特别选址该处兴建避暑别墅。由此，移居太平山逐渐成为了富豪显赫与名流绅士所推崇的风尚。当时的官爷小姐们要往返山顶，就会雇佣穿着整齐制服的轿夫所抬的人力轿子作为交通工具。1904年，居住太平山被正式列为上流社会以及外国使馆的专有权利，更显示了山顶的非凡地位。这个制度一直沿用到1947年才被废弃。太平山顶一直保持着她远离尘嚣的恬静与安详，直到1881年才有了突破性的发展。当年，在苏格兰高原铁路工作的亚历山大·芬利·史密斯向当时的港督轩尼诗爵士建议，修建港岛缆车铁路。其中一段连接美利楼南侧与山顶维多利亚峡，也就是今天的山顶缆车。史密斯一心希望缆车服务能够增加该区的客流量，从而为1873年在他拥有产权的山顶土地上兴建的山顶酒店带来经济效益。可惜的是，这所酒店于1938年毁于火灾。自从山顶拥有了稳定可靠的交通工具后，她迅即凭借居高临下饱览壮阔维多利亚港景色的特色蜚声国际。时至今日，太平山顶每年吸引超过700万的游客到访，成为香港最受欢迎的旅游热点之一。山顶缆车是香港百年历史中最久经风霜，最富代表性的生活见证。这个香港的传奇，由港督威廉姆爵士于1888年5月30日主持启用典礼，正式向世人揭开了面纱。通车初期，山顶缆车头等车厢票价3毫、二等车厢2毫、三等1毫，回程一律半价。当时缆车仍然用烧煤产生的蒸汽推动，通车首日共有600名乘客，首年的客流量就达15万人次。1901从1908年到1949年，车厢前两个座位一直预留为港督专座，椅背上用黄铜片镶嵌着“此座位为港督预留专座”，在开车前最后两分钟才向其它乘客开放。1926年，山顶缆车摒弃了燃煤作为动力能源，正式改由电力推动。50年代，好莱坞因闻名中外的山顶缆车与太平山景致，慕名远道前来取景，其中包括由国际巨星克拉克.盖博主演的电影《命运战士》，该电影的开场与结尾的场景均在山顶缆车车厢内取景。著名美国电视剧《Love Boat》，也在山顶缆车取景。1959年，62座的全金属缆车车厢正式投入使用，它就是现在全自动化车厢的前身。时至今日，每年有超过400万名来自世界各地的游客乘坐山顶缆车，日客流量达到11,000人次。香港太平山顶导游词三

海拔554米的太平山顶俗称扯旗山，是香港岛之巅，也是俯瞰维多利亚港景色的最佳地点，游览香港的第一焦点。白天和入夜的山顶风景各有不同，不论你是不是个浪漫的人，也一定要安排到太平山赏夜景，赏景最佳的地点在凌霄阁的观景台、缆车总站旁的狮子亭，入夜的香港会让你念念不忘。

趣味游览：

搭太平山的山顶缆车是登顶赏夜景最好的方法，在中环花园通与下亚厘毕道交叉口乘缆车。买票进站后有一座“信不信由你奇趣馆”，展示了四百多件稀奇古怪的展品，如果时间充裕，还可以到“动感电影院”体验惊声尖叫的快感。

知道吗，在山顶缆车车厢里还能表演特技呢!搭缆车下山在快抵达花圈道总站，就是缆车最陡的时候，可以站成让自己与车厢地板形成30度的夹角，因为错觉会让人觉得自己飞了起来，很有趣。

下山后可搭乘免费的双层观光巴士游览市区，一定要坐在敞棚的第二层，穿梭在星光闪闪的楼宇中，有点象是电影中的场景。沿路会经过“立法会”，它是一座具有殖民色彩的建筑，很多的电影或港剧曾在这里拍摄，晕黄的灯光及白色的梁柱，非常浪漫。

各位游客：

你们好!欢迎来到黟县的西递参观、游览。我是安徽旅行社的王萍(兵)，很高兴担任大家今天的导游。

我们现在已经来到了西递村，它始建于北宋，有950多年的历史了。整个村落呈船型，四面环山，三条溪流穿村而过。矗立在村头的这座青石牌坊，叫胡文光刺史坊，建于明万历六年，高12.3米，宽9.8米，四柱五楼，结构精巧，峥嵘巍峨。西递村中，各家各户的宅院都很富丽雅致。如康熙年间建造的履福堂，陈设典雅，书香四溢，厅堂中的对联写到：“读书好营商好效好便好，创业难守成难知难不难”，这都彰显了儒商的本色。大夫第是朝列大夫胡文照的故居。临街悬空挑出一座小巧玲珑的亭阁式建筑，飞檐翘角，典雅别致。原本用于观景，现为抛绣球的绣楼了。桃李园建于清咸丰年间，分为前中后三进。第三进相当高雅，门额上有“桃花园里人家”石刻，厢房上有草书《醉翁亭记》的木雕，墙上漏窗雕有冰梅图，处处显现儒雅之风。

北京清华大学的导游词范文5篇北京清华大学的导游词范文5篇离开西递，我们又来到了宏村。它始建于南宋年间，至今已有800多年的历史。古宏村人规划、建造的牛形村落和人工水系，是建筑史上一大奇观。村北的雷岗山为牛的头，村口的2棵古树是牛角，错落有致的民居为牛身，人工水圳为牛肠，月沼为牛胃，南湖为牛肚，村旁的四座桥为牛腿，整个村落就像一头水牛，静卧在青山绿水之间。

履福堂是清代大收藏家胡积堂的故居，为三层楼房，履福堂中左边的陈设，悬挂回壁的楹联，画轴，给整个民居增添上一个古老，典雅的光环。进入后堂，有一用于扇风的板扇悬于半空，一扯动绳子，板扇即轻轻来回摆动，可以想象，当时主人是何等悠闲自在!再看天井两旁各有十二扇门，雕刻了花草、飞禽、走兽，在每扇门中段各雕了一则孝义故事，合起来是一幅《二十四孝图》。

北京清华大学的导游词范文5篇北京清华大学的导游词范文5篇北京清华大学的导游词范文5篇20xx年11月，西递作为皖南古村落的代表，被列为世界文化遗产。现为全国重点文物保护单位、国家历史文化名村、5A级旅游景区，正在被越来越多的人们所了解。

北京清华大学的导游词范文5篇北京清华大学的导游词范文5篇今天的旅游到这里就全部结束了，希望大家提出宝贵的意见，以利改进我们的工作。欢迎再次光临!

刚进大门，我们就可以看见大门两旁有18个火炮，火炮有中国火炮、红夷火炮和克虏伯炮三种类型的火炮，上方还有几发火炮的灰黑色的大子弹。走在山坡地小路上，沿途可以看见左右两边的石子路上有几十发火炮的子弹，走一会就到了售票口，它像一个城门，上面写着“天南锁钥”四个大字。

进了“城门”，我们就可以看见一面旗子高高地飘着,旗子上面画着一条栩栩如生的长龙。

往右走下去，我们就能看见一个个大火炮站立在远处，那么多大炮，没有两个是相同的。

那火炮有很多很多种：有很大的、小的、中国的、外国的，由一个又大又长的古火炮吸引了我，它叫“克虏伯大火炮”，它是世界上最大的大火炮，被称为“世界古炮王”。

炮台台基是用鸟樟树汁和糯米、红糖、石灰、砂土搅拌而成，十分坚韧。炮发原装备2门克虏伯主炮，几幅炮2门、小炮10门，配炮兵140人。现存在炮台的主炮炮身长13.96米，炮口内径2.8公分，炮重48974公斤，全重59888公斤，有效射程1646米，经专家认定是世界上保存最好、最大的大炮。

参观完大炮，我们去看发射大炮演习。随着一声炮响，我们仿佛看到了古代士兵在辛苦演练打仗，保护我们的国家。

胡里山炮台风景优美，请大家再去细细观赏。

各位旅客朋友们：

大家好!

西递位于安徽省黟县东南部，村落面积12.96公顷。西递村四面环山，两条溪流从村北、村东经过村落在村南会源桥汇聚。村落以一条纵向的街道和两条沿溪的道路为主要骨架，构成东向为主、向南北延伸的村落街巷系统。

所有街巷均以黟县青石铺地，古建筑为木结构、砖墙维护，木雕、石雕、砖雕丰富多彩，巷道、溪流、建筑布局相宜。村落空间变化韵味有致，建筑色调朴素淡雅，体现了皖南古村落人居环境营造方面的杰出才能和成就，具有很高的历史、艺术、科学价值。西递村被世人称为明、清古建博物馆。

西递村是一处以宗族血缘关系为纽带，胡姓聚族而居的古村落，该村源于公元11世纪，发展鼎盛于14-19世纪。20世纪初，随着我国封建宗法制度的解体，西递村的发展也日趋缓慢。由于历史上较少受到战乱的侵袭，也未受到经济发展的冲击，村落原始形态保存完好，始终保持着历史发展的真实性和完整性。现保存的明、清古民居124幢，祠堂3幢，均已列为安徽省重点文物保护单位。1999年西递村被国家确定为世界文化遗产申报单位，向联合国教科文组织提出申报，并通过了专家评估考察。20xx年11月30日又被联合国教科文组织列入世界文化遗产名录。

灵岩寺所处的这座秀丽的山峦，名叫灵岩山，使泰山的十二支脉之一。海拔687.3米，大家请看灵岩山与其他有什么不同呢?唉，对了，他的顶既不是园的也不是尖的而是方的，因此它又叫方山。又像一方官印，因此又叫玉符山。灵岩寺是全国重点文物保护单位，具有“海内四大名刹之首”(天台国青寺，江陵玉泉寺，南京栖霞寺)的盛名。明代文学家王世贞曾说“灵岩是泰山背最幽绝处，游泰山而不至灵岩，不成游也。”现在就让我们去感受一下灵岩寺的风韵吧。

我们现在来到山门金刚殿，殿内塑有“哼哈二将”，专为把手大门守护寺院的安全，走过“聚美”小桥。现在我们看到的是“二门山”，他建于明代，又叫天王殿，殿内望有四大天王，建筑风格为单檐硬山顶，殿内有唐，宋，金，元，明，清碑碣十七块。记载了灵验的历史沿革及影响。(东边为钟楼，西边为鼓楼，因为“晨钟暮鼓”之说)。

朋友们现在我们就来到了大雄宝殿，原为宋代的献殿，明清重修。建筑风格前后是不一样的，前为外廊式卷棚顶，后为硬山顶。造型精巧玲珑显示我国古代劳动人民的艺术才能。现在殿内的石柱及柱础，还是宋代的遗物。上额的彩画边很生动逼真，充满生活气息。

现在我们面前的这座宏伟壮观的大殿就是千佛殿，它是灵岩寺中保存最完好，规模最宏大的主体建筑。(建筑风格为单檐殿顶，面阔七间，进深四间，给人的感觉是非常宏伟壮观的)。这座大殿是唐代高僧惠崇创建的，宋代扩修，(唐宋时为寺中主殿，成为大雄宝殿)，现在殿宇为明代的建筑，虽然自创建以历代重修，有些已非原物，但现在仍保存着唐宋的建筑风格。进到殿中，中置长方形须弥座座上有三尊大佛，中间为吡户遮那佛(藤胎)，东为药师佛(明成十三年)西为阿弥陀佛(明嘉靖二十二年)，大家也许都看到西殿上有许多高30厘米的铜铸和木雕小佛，“千佛殿”的名字也是由此而来的。

我国景点英文版导游词

下面几篇范文是我国的景点英文版导游词，感兴趣的不妨看看怎么写吧，欢迎阅读借鉴，希望你们喜欢。

北京故宫博物院英文导游词

hello, everyone,

we are now going to pay a visit to a place of special interest. this scenic spot is located at the center of beijing and is characterized by thousands of palatial architectures and purple walls as well as yellow glazed tile roofs- it is simply a sea of palaces. this is the world – famous wonder – the palace museum.

the palace museum has served as the royal residence during the ming and qing dynasties. it was here that a total of 24 monarchs ascended the throne and wielded power for some 500 years. the palace museum, as the most beautiful spot of interest throughout beijing, is unique for its location: to the northwest is beihai(north sea) park, famous for its white pagoda and rippling lake; to the west is the zhongnahai (central and south sea); to the east lies the the wangfujing shopping street; and to the north id jinshan park. standing in the wanchun (everlasting spring) pavilion at the top of jingshan(charcoal hill) park, you overlook the skyline of the palace museum. at the southern end of the palace is tian` anmen (gate of heavenly peace) and the famous square named after it . this is the symbol of the people` s republic of china.

a world-famous historical site, the palace museum is on the world heritage list of unesco and is an embodiment of oriental civilization.

the palace museum is rectangular in shape, 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meters wide from east to west, covering a space of 720,000 square meters of which 150,000 is building area . it has 9000-strong rooms in it . according to legend there are 9999.5 room-units in all .the whole compound is enclosed by a 10-meter-hign wall and is accessed through four entrances, namely, the meridian gate in the south ,the gate of military prowess in the north, donghua(eastern flowery ) gate in the north, donghua ( eastern flowery) gate in the east and xihua(western flowery ) gate in the west. on each corner there is a turret consisted of 9 roof beams, 18 pillars and 72 ridge . encircling the compound there is a 3,800-meter-long and 52 meter-wide moat, making the palace museum a self-defensive city-within-a city.

the palace museum was made a center of rule during the ming dynasty by zhun di, the fourth son of the founding emperor zhuyuanzhang. the whole complex straddles on an 8-kilometers-long central axis that stretches from yongding (forever stable) gate in the south to gulou (drum tower) in the north. prominence was given to the royal power by putting the “three main front halls” and “three back halls ”on the axis while arrange other subsidiary structure around them .the construction of the palace museum involved manpower and resources across china. for example, the bricks laid in the halls ,known as “gold brick, ” underwent complex, two –dozen processes. as the final touch ,the fired bricks were dipped in chinese wood oil. involving complicated processes and high cost, these brick are called “golden bricks.” the palace museum serves as a living embodiment of good tradition and styles unique to china` s ancient architecture. it reflects to the full the ingenuity and creativity of the chinese working people. a carefully preserved and complete group of royal residences, the palace museum is a prominent historical and tourist site.

what we are now approaching is the main entrance to the palace museum-the meridian gate, which is characterized by red walls, yellow glazed –tile roofs and upturned eaves. on top of this walls, yellow glazed-tile roofs and upturned eaves. on top of this magnificent building ,there stand five lofty halls with a main hall in the center. the main hall is roofed by multiple eaves and covers a space of 9 room-units. it is flanked by two wings on each side .the wings are square in shape ,complete with multiple and four edged eaves and pinnacles. all of these structures are connected by a colonnade. because these halls resemble a soaring bird, it was also know as wufenglou (five-phoenix tower) . inside the main hall there is a throne. drums and bells were stored in the wings. whenever the emperor presided over grand ceremonies or observed rites in the hall of upreme harmony, drums, bells and gongs would be struck to mark the occasion.

as the legend goes, the meridian gate used to be a place where condemned ranking officials would be executed. this not true. however, flogging was carried out here by the ming emperors ,if a courtier falls afoul of the emperor, he would be stripped of his court dress and flogging with a stick .at one point the punishment became so harsh that a total of 11 people died from fatal wound on a single occasion .on the other hand, this building was also used to observe important occasions like the traditional chinese lantern festival (15th day of the first lunar month). on these occasions, chinese lanterns would be hanged and sumptuous banquets would be given in honour of the whole court of ministers and other ranking officials.

upon entering the meridian gate we began our tour of the palace museum. the river foowing in front of us is known as jin shui he (golden water river) and the five marbles bridges spanning it are known as the inner golden water bridges. the on in the middle was used exclusive by the emperor and its banisters were carved with dragon and phoenix designs. the bridges flanking the imperial one were reserved for princes and other royal members. the rest were used by palatines. aside from decoration, the golden water river was also dug as precaution against fire. most of the structures within the palace museum are made of wood. what is more ,according to ancient chinese cosmology, the south is the abode of fire, so this brook was dug on the southern tip of the palace. in this way, the palace museum reflects traditional chinese culture.

this building is called the gate of supreme harmony .in the foreground stand two bronze lions. can anybody tell which is male and which is female? the one on the east playing with a ball is male, symbolizing power and universal unity. the other on the west with a cub cuddling underneath its claw is female? the one on the east playing with a ball is male, symbolizing power and universal unity. the other on the west with a cub cuddling underneath its claw is female, representing prosperity the endless succession. a layout of the palace museum is posted by the entrance . from it ,you can see that the palace museum has two main parts: the forecourt and the inner court. the three main halls constitute the mainstay of the forecourt, and it was here that the emperor announced decisions and observed rites. behind the forecourt there is the inner court, consisting of major halls and the imperial garden .it was where the emperor attended state affairs, lived and enjoyed his luxurious life. the exhibition system of the palace museum involves historical court relics and articles of ancient art and culture. the palace museum houses nearly one million articles of rare treasure, or one sixth of the total number in all of china `s museums. there are the three main halls of the palace museum, built on a triple marble terrace . since most of china `s architecture is made of wood, the buildings cannot be too tall. to gain the height of the architecture, ingenious ancient artisans built the hall on a gigantic stone terrace .it is also to this end that not a single plant was grown in the square. on stairways of triple marble terrace there are 18 bronze tripods .the verandah is flanked by bronze tortoises and cranes, which served as symbols of longevity .on the east is a sundial, an ancient timepiece. on the west there is a grain measure suggesting that the emperor was just and equitable.

in the front and on each flank ,there is a pair of gilt bronze vats (caldrons ) molded during the reign of emperor qianlong of the qing dynasty .each of these weights 2 tons and is filled with water as a precaution in the event of a fire .the structure in the very middle is the hall of supreme harmony ,also known as the throne hall. it is 64 meters in width and is 38 meters from entrance to rear. with terrace exclusive ,the hall is 26.92 meters in height and is 35.03 meters in all .covering and areaof 2,377 square meters, the hall of supreme harmony is china` s largest exiting wooden structure. the hall is supported by 6 thick ,round pillars carved in a design of coiling dragons. as the holiest place in the hall, the ceiling and colored patterns were made of the finest material available at that time. the throne was placed on a terrace and is flanked by statues of elephants, luduan (a unicorn which could travel 18,000 kilometers a day and understand all languages), cranes and incense barrels .over the throne there is the caisson ,or covered ceiling ,which consists of a coiling dragon playing with a ball in its mouth .this ball is known as xuanyuan mirror ,and was supposedly made by a chinese emperor of remote times to serve as a reminder that thee rulers to follow were his hereditary heirs. the throne is made of nanmu and painted in gold .magnificently built and luxuriously decorated ,this hall did not serve as a place in which the emperor attended to daily affairs. he used his hall for major events such as his birthday, conferral of title of empress or dispatch of generals to war.

behind the hall of supreme harmony ,there sits the hall of complete harmony. this structure is square in shape .each side is 24.15 meters. this was the place where the emperor relaxed and greeted his courtiers before proceeding to the hall of supreme harmony to observe rites. this was also the place where the emperor prepared prayers or examined seeds and sowers bef ore he attended ancestral sacrifices or participated in snowing ceremonies. a grand ceremony was also held here once every 10 years for the emperor to genealogize the royal blood. there are two sedan chairs on display in the hall. behind the hall of complete harmony ,you will see the hall of preserving harmony, which was used as a place where imperial examinations were held. the imperial examination was the hignest level of competing for meritorious appointment under the feudal system dating back to the sui dynasty. china` s last imperial examination was held in 1904 during the reign of emperor guangxu of the qing dynasty. to the rear of hall there is a marble ramp carved with cloud and dragon designs, the largest of its kind in the whole country . it is 16.57 meters in length, 3.07 meters in width, 1.7 meters thick and weighs 250 tons. it was quarried in fangshan county in suburban beijing. to bring this giant piece of stone to beijing people poured water onto the road and applied rolling blocks during the process.

we are now standing before the square of the hall of heaven purity. it served as a divide separating the forecourt from the inner court .this building is known as the gate of heavenly purity. emperor qianlong held court here. proceeding further north ,you can find three main rear halls ,i.e. the hall of heavenly purity. the hall of union and peace and palace of earthly tranquility. the hall of heavenly purity if flanked on either side by two gates named after the sun and moon .inside the enclosure there are 12 palaces and halls symbolizing constellations. all of the other buildings are centered around the palace of heavenly purity , which was meant to suggest that the monarch` s power was endowed by heaven. the empress and concubines lived in the inner court.

the hall of heavenly purity was where the emperor lived and attended to daily affairs. later the emperor moved to live in the palace of mental cultivation. looking up you can see a plaque bearing the chinese inscription “be open and above-board,” a manifesto to court struggle .behind the plaque a strongbox was stored containing a will bearing the name of the would –be royal successor. this approach of secretly selecting the next emperor was adopted by emperor yongzheng of the qing dynasty. two copies of the will were prepared .one was stashed by the emperor in person ,the other was placed inside the strong box behind the plaque. after the death of the emperor, the two copies would be compared and successor would be announced. it was in this way that emperor qianglong and others have ascended the throne.

behind the hall of heavenly purity you will see the hall of union and peace , which is indentical to the hall of complete harmony. it was there that the emperor received congratulations and tributes from imperial officials on major calender occasions , a total of 25 imperial seals are stored there. in the hall, you will see a plaque with the handwritten inscription of “we wei,” exhorting taoist doctrines.

further northward is the palace of earthly tranquillity, which once served as the living room of the empresses` . the hall was later converted into a sacrificial place .through the windowpanes on the eastern wall you can see the royal bed decorated with dragon and phoenix designs. this hall has also served as the bridal chamber of monarchs.

the gate of earthly tranquilliity leads to the imperial garden (known to westerners as qianlong` s garden ),which was used by the emperor ,the empress, and the concubines. a magnificent structure stands in the middle. it is called the qin `s an (imperial peace) hall. it is the only building in the palace museum that was built in taoist style. it served as a shrine to the taoist deity. the garden covers a space of 12,000 square meters ,and is 130 meters from east to the west and some 90 meters from north to the south. there are a dozen halls, verandahs, pavilions and waterside houses in the garden . on each of the fur corner there is a pavilion dedicated to the four seasons which is different in construction style and shape. the garden also features an imperial landscape. with rare trees and exotic rockery, the imperial garden served as a model for china` s imperial parks .in all ,a total of 10-strong building styles were applied.

the tall building we are now passing is the gate of military prowess, the back door of the palace museum. our visit is now drawing to a conclusion but the architectures of the palace are not . on the other side of the road is the 43-meter-hign charcoal hill , providing natural protection for the forbidden city. this was also an embodiment of china` s construction style-putting a pool in the front and a hill in the rear. now let` s climb up to wanchun (everlasting springs ) pavillion where we` ll have a great view of the palace museum.

北京天安门英文导游词

Tian’anmen( the Gate of Heavenly Peace), is located in the center of Beijing. It was first built in 1417 and named Chengtianmen( the Gate of Heavenly Succession). At the end of the Ming Dynasty, it was seriously damaged by war. When it was rebuilt under the Qing in 1651, it was renamed Tian’anmen, and served as the main entrance to the Imperial City, the administrative and residential quarters for court officials and retainers. The southern sections of the Imperial City wall still stand on both sides of the Gate. The tower at the top of the gate is nine-room wide and five –room deep. According to the Book of Changes, the two numbers nine and five, when combined, symbolize the supreme status of a sovereign.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Tian’anmen was the place where state ceremonies took place. The most important one of them was the issuing of imperial edicts, which followed these steps:

1) The Minister of Rites would receive the edict in Taihedian( Hall of Supreme Harmony), where the Emperor was holding his court. The minister would then carry the decree on a yunpan( tray of cloud), and withdraw from the hall via Taihemen( Gate of supreme Harmony)

2) The Minister would put the tray in a miniature longting( dragon pavilion). Beneath a yellow umbrella and carry it via Wumen( Meridian Gate), to Tian’anmen Gate tower.

3) A courtier would be invested to proclaim the edict. The civil and military officials lining both sides of the gateway beneath the tower would prostrate themselves in the direction of the emperor in waiting for the decree to the proclaimed.

4) The courtier would then put the edict in a phoenix-shaped wooden box and lower it from the tower by means of a silk cord. The document would finally be carried in a similar tray of cloud under a yellow umbrella to the Ministry of Rites.

5) The edict, copied on yellow paper, would be made known to the whole country.

Such a process was historically recorded as “ Imperial Edict Issued by Golden Phoenix”.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties Tian’anmen was the most important passage. It was this gate that the Emperor and his retinue would go through on their way to the altars for ritual and religious activities.

On the Westside of Tian’anmen stands ZhongshanPark( Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s Park), and on the east side, the Working People’s Cultural Palave. The Park was formerly called Shejitan( Altar of Land and Grain), built in 1420 for offering sacrificial items to the God of Land. It was opened to the public as a park in 1914 and its name was changed in 1928 to the present one in memory of the great pioneer of the Chinese Democratic Revolution.

The Working People’s Cultural Palace used to be Taimiao( the Supreme Ancestral Temple), where tablets of the deceased dynastic rulers were kept.

The stream in front of Tian’anmen is called Waijinshuihe( Outer Golden River),with seven marble bridges spanning over it . Of these seven bridges,historical records say the middle one was for the exclusive use of the emperor and was accordingly called Yuluqiao( Imperial Bridge). The bridges flanking it on either side were meant for the members of the royal family and were therefore called Wanggongqiao( Royal’s Bridges). Farther away on each side of the two were bridges for officials ranking above the third order and were named Pinjiqiao( ministerial Bridges). The remaining two bridges were for the use by the retinue below the third order and wre called Gongshengqiao( common Bridges). They anr the one in front of the Supreme Ancestral Temple to the east and the one in front of the Altar of land and Grain to the west.

The two stone lions by the Gate of Tian’anmen, one on each side were meant as sentries. They gaze toward the middle axis, guarding the emperor’s walkway. In front of the gate stands a pair of marble columns called Huabiao. They are elaborately cut in bas-relief following the pattern of a legendary dragon. Behind the gate stands another pair of similar columns. The story of Huabiao may be traced to a couple of sources. One of the versions accredits its invention to one of the Chinese sage kings named Yao, who was said to have set up a wooden pillar in order to allow the ordinary people to expose evil-doers, hence it was originally called a slander pillar. Later it ws reduced to a signpost, and now it serves as an ornament.

The beast sitting on the top of the column is called” hou”, a legendary animal, which is said to have been a watcher of an emperor’s behaviour. He was doing such duties as warning the emperor against staying too long outside the palace or indulging in pleasure and urging him to go to the people for their complaints or return in due time. Therefore, the two pairs of beasts were given the names” Wangjunhui”( Expecting the emperor’s coming back) and “ wangjunchu”( Expecting the emperor’s going out) respectinvely.

In the old days, Tian’anmen, as a part of the Imperial City, was meant for important occasions. The two rows of chaofang( antechamber), on the sides behind the main gate, wre reserved for civil and military members of the government waiting for imperial audience and in front of the gate, were offices of imperial administration.

On October 1, 1949, chairman Mao Zedong proclaimed on Tian’anmen Rostrum the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Since then Tian’anmen has been the symbol of New Chinea. Chairman Mao’s portrait is hung above the central entrance, flanked by two slogans:” Long Live the Great Unity of the Peoples of the World”. Today , the splendour of Tian’anmen attracts million of visitors from all over the world. The Rostrum on its top was opened in 1988 to the public for the first time in its history. It offers a panoramic view of the Square and the city proper.

Tian’anmen Square

Situated due south of Tian’anmen, the Square has an area of 44 hectares( 109 acres) that can accommodate as many as one million people for public gatherings. It has witnessed may historical events in China’s modern history and is a place for celebrations on such festive days as international Labour Day on May 1st and national Day on October 1st.

Around the Square are several famous buildings:

1 The Great Hall of the People

This is one of the largest congressional buildings in the world. Built in 1959, the hall consists of three parts: a 10,000-seat auditorium in the center, a banquet hall in the north wing facing Chang’an Street, with a seating capacity of 5,000, and offices for the Standing Committee of the National Peoples’ Congress of China in the south. In addition, thirty-four reception chambers are named after various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly unde the Central Government, plus Hong Kong and Macao. Each is different from the other in decoration and furnishings to stress their local features.

2 The Museum of Chinese History and the Museum of the Chinese Revolution

These two museums were also built in 1959. the museum of Chinese History houses a permanent exhibition in four parts, covering the entire process of Chinese history spanning from 1.7 million years ago to 1919:

1) The Primitive Society( 1.7 million years ago to the 21st century BC);

2) The Slave Society(21st century BC to 476 BC.);

3) The Feudal Society(475 BC. To 1840 AD.);

4) The Semi-Colonial and Semi- Fedual Society(1840 to 1919.)

The Museum of the Chinese Revolution covers the period from 1919 to 1949.

3 The Monument to the People’s Heroes

the monument was built in memory of thousands of martyrs who died for the revolutionary cause of the Chinese people. Its construction began on August 1, 1952 and was not completed until 1958. in the form of an obelisk, the Monument as made of more than 17,000 pieces of tranite and white marble. The purple piece inlaid in the front of the Monument was brought from Qingdao, Shandong Province. It is 38 meters(124ft 8 in) high, the loftiest of its kind ever seen in the country. Not only is it an historic memorial for immortal heroes, but also it is an artistic work of excellent architectural value.

On the front side of the Monument is an engraved inscription in Chinese characters written by Chairman Mao Zedong, which reads” Eternal Glory to the People’s Heroes!”. On the back of the Monument is an article written by Chairman Mao, but in Chinese calligraphy by the late Premier Zhou Enlai.

At the top of the Monument are eight gigantic carved wreathes of such flowers as peony, lotus and chrysanthemum, symbolizing nobility, purity, and fortitude. At the base of the monument are eight marble reliefs depicting the Chinese historic events since 1840. They are:

1) The Burning of Opium in 1840:

2) The uprising of 1851 in Jintian, Guangxi;

3) The Revolution of 1911;

4) The May Fourth Movement of 1919;

5) The May 30th Movement of 1925;

6) The Uprising of 1927 in Nanchang, Jiangxi;

7) The War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression from 1937 to 1945;

8) The Victorious Crossing over the Yangtze River by the Peoples’s Liberation Army in 1949. This relief is flanked by two smaller ones—“ Supplying the Front” and “ Greeting the P.L.A.”.

4 Chairman Mao’s Mausoleum

Chairman Mao Zedong, the founder of the People’s Pepublic of China, passed away on Sepember 9, 1976. In commemoration of this great man, a mausoleum began to be constructed in November 1976, and was completes in August the following year. The Mausoleum was officially opened on September 9, 1977.

The mausoleum is surrounded by four groups of sculpture. East of the northern entrance is the sculpture depicting the period of the New Democratic Revolution( 1919-1949), and west of it is the one signifying the great achievements of the Chinese people during the period of slcialist revolution and construction since 1949. The sculptures in front of the southern gate are figures of workers, peasants soldiers, intellectuals, technicians and children.

Inside the Mausoleum are three main sections: A white marble statue of Chairman Mao is mounted on a platform in the front lobby. On the wall behind the statue is a 24-metre-long( 79-foot-long) tapestry, a fine needlepoint work with beautiful landscapes of the country.

In the main hall there is a crystal coffin, in which Chairman Mao’s body lies stately with the Communist Party’s flag covering over him.

On the wall of the southern lobby, a poem by Chairman Mao and in his own calligraphy is inscribed in gold inlay. It expresses his full great expectations for the country.

Tian’ anmen Square has now completed its renovation after eight months’ hard work to welcome the 50th anniversary of the People’s Republic in 1999.

河源苏家围英文导游词

The Sujiawei Hakka Village Tourism Zone is a must for tourists who are interested in the Hakka culture and customs.

Bordering Dongjiang River in the north and Jiushe River in the south, the village is located in the Heshui Township, 26km away from the city of Heyuan.

Today the village is described as a “picturesque village in south china”, featuring old trees and houses, wild lands, bamboos and fresh air. Also it has a profound cultural history and is said to be the habitat of descendants of Su Shi, who also known as Su Dongpo, a famous Chinese literate in Northern Song Dynasty. Hence All people living in the village now are surnamed “Su”.

It also provides some performances for travelers to get a better known of Hakka culture such as their wedding customs. You can take part in the producing lines of making bean curd, wine or oil; or enjoy yourself in activities like fishing, swimming and boating.

The first spot we encounter is the Yingqing Bridge, where has a panoramic view of Sujiawei. The bridge is a place to welcome all families, relatives and friends.

Here is purple perilla park. The purple perilla can be used as medicine to cure cold, or purple dye or cooking. The origin of this park is as follows: one day one of Su Shi’s offspring passed by this place, he dreamed five old men pointed a big tree and told him it is perilla tree. When he woke up, he found this place is full of perilla, and the environment is quite beautiful, so he thought the old men would like he move the Su clan here. So after he came back, he always mentioned this dream to his late generations. To fulfill his this dream, over 700 years ago, the Su clan moved here and Sujiawei started its story.

From this purple perilla park to Pool lips estate, is gallery of Hakka villages gender culture, which shows the Hakka people’s moral ideas and customs, they think everything has two opposite extremes like negative and positive. In Hakka dialect, have a boy baby is named “tian deng”, the same pronunciation as “add a lantern”. So in Chinese lantern festival, any family which has a new boy baby will hang a big lantern in their ancestors’ shrine.

Later we will visit Sugong Shrine Yongsi Hall, Guanghua hall, Su school and Yi Jiang temple. You may find the Hakka architecture is well preserved here. These ancient buildings are square flat houses with dark blue bricks and roof tiles that belong to the style of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The oldest house, Yongsi Hall, was built in 1481 in memory of Su Dongshan, the eighth-generation descendant of Su Dongpo and as a place for the villagers to worship their ancestors and discuss important affairs.

Now we walk along the Dongjiang river and enjoy the Hakka folk music. At the riverside you see bamboo everywhere. Su Dongpo loved bamboo, he once said “I can eat without meat, but I can not live without bamboo. No meat to eat only makes me thin; but live without bamboo makes me vulgar”!

Walking so long time, are you a bit tired and thirsty? Let’s go to Her Workshops to taste Hakka traditional snacks and tea. There are tea leaf, sesame, peanut, red jujube and longan in the tea. Do you taste them?

Ok, after a break, we go to experience traditional Hakka wedding performance. If you are lucky to be chosen and act as the bridegroom, you will be invited to the stage and join their show.

The village also preserves many slogans printed on the walls during 1950s to 1970s, which are silent witnesses to Chinese modern history.

Do you see the big bamboo hats holding by bamboo sticks in line? It is farm four seasons gallery. On the bamboo hats marked farming planting and harvesting dates and festivals.

Finally we have 15-minutes free activity in the countryside vegetable fields. You may like farmers to pick fruits, vegetables you like in the fields.

孝义市位于省境中部西侧，吕梁地区南端，面积943平方公里，现辖6镇12乡，人口 36.32万，市政府驻城关镇。孝义，春秋时晋置瓜衍县，西汉属兹氏县，三国魏中阳县来治，西晋永嘉元年并入隰城县，北魏改置永安县，隋属西河郡治，唐贞观元年以邑人郑兴孝行闻于朝，敕赐名孝义县。1991年设县级市。

孝义市城区不仅是全市政治、经济、文化、军事中心，而且是晋西和陕北的物资集散地和重要的交通枢纽。该市地势西高东低，东部为太原盆地的组成部分，地势平坦，土壤肥沃，水源充足，交通方便，是主要粮棉产区。中部黄土丘陵，地形破碎，梯田遍布，平均海拔1000米左右。西部山地属吕梁山支脉，主要山峰有龙盘山、凤凰岭等，海拔分别为1163米和1365米。境内主要河流有文峪河、磁窑河、下堡河、兑河等。

该市属大陆性气候，年均气温10.1度，一月均温--5.6度，七月均温23.7度，年均降雨量470毫米，霜冻期为十月上旬至次年四月中旬，无霜期170天。孝义市现有耕地52.88万亩，粮食作物主要有小麦、高梁、玉米、谷子、大豆和薯类，另外，荞麦、莜麦、糜子等杂粮也有较大面积的种植。经济作物主要有核桃、柿子、棉花、油料等。孝义市矿产资源丰富，主要有煤、铝、石膏、铁等，其中以煤炭储量最大，已探明煤储量为71亿吨，是汾西矿务局主要煤炭开采基地。其次是铝土矿，是山西铝厂的矿源基地。主要工业有煤炭、炼铁、化肥、水泥、农机、塑料、陶瓷、纺织、酿酒、毛皮、玻璃、印刷、食品加工等。孝义市交通便利，介西和孝柳两条支线铁路横贯全境，是孝义市对外交通的主要门户。

孝义至午城、汾阳至介休等干线公路途经该市，此外还有县级和乡镇公路多条，连通全市各乡镇。位于县古城中央的中阳楼为省级文物保护单位，自古颇享盛誉，因当时孝义为中阳县所辖而得名。孝义生产的“羊羔美酒”，颜色洁白，似羊羔之毛色，故而得名。孝义是“汾州核桃”主要产地之一，其特点是果形美观，果实个大，皮薄肉厚，出仁率高达 52%，含油量达70%，是该市大宗出口物资，远销海内外。孝义市东许、高阳、兑镇、白壁关等乡镇盛产柿子，畅销省内外。

蝴蝶泉，在大理城北40公里的苍山云弄峰下。由于长期的山水冲刷，砂石成片，山坡上树木稀少。但当你缓步上坡，行约半里，却见一片绿荫耀眼。走过古朴的石坊，迎面有一块高约3米的大理石碑挺立，碑呈棱形，正面右侧有郭沫若手书“蝴蝶泉”三个大字.左例刻郭老咏蝴蝶泉诗的手迹;碑的背面，书徐霞客游大理蝴蝶泉的一段日记。沿林荫小道曲折前行约三四十米，只见古树林立，浓荫蔽天，一方清泉嵌于其间，底铺青石，泉水明澈，常有人掷金属钱币于池中，观其缓缓旋落，阳光从树顶筛下，池底银光闪烁，倍感泉水清例。

泉池周围有大理石栏板，泉边一株高大古树横跨泉上，此树因花形似蝶，因此人们称为“蝴蝶树”。每当夏季来临，“蝴蝶树”开花，苍洱之间的蝴蝶成群来此聚汇，翻飞起舞，热闹非常。最奇的是万千彩蝶交尾相衔，倒挂横于泉止的蝴蝶树上，形成无数蝶串，垂至水面，五彩缤纷，蔚为壮观。最盛之期在农历四月十五日前后，所以农历四月十五日被定为“蝴蝶会”。

大家好，今天我们来到了有国家历史文化名城福州地标意义的“明清建筑博物馆”、“城市里坊制度的活化石”之称的中华第一街――“三坊七巷”参观游览。在20__年6月揭晓的首届“中国十大历史文化名街区评选”中，三坊七巷历史文化街区与北京国子监街、平遥南大街、哈尔滨中央大街等共同参选，以最高票获得文化部、国家文物局授予的“中国十大历史文化名街”荣誉称号。

公元前202年，福州城初建时，称“冶城”，统治者是勾践的后裔无诸。过了两百多年，西晋时期的福州已经稍有规模了。晋安郡首任太守严高嫌城太小，便在今屏山南麓建成一座郡城，称为“子城”。三坊七巷源于唐末闽王王审知扩建新城。王审知当政时，嫌原有子城太小，在子城外以钱纹砖砌筑起“罗城”，据说这是当时全国唯一的砖城。罗城南面以安泰河为界，城北是政治中心，多为贵族居住;城之南为平民居住区及商业区，也就是在此时，三坊七巷成为罗城西南的重要区域，坊巷格局初步形成。

今天的“三坊七巷”地处福州市中心，东临八一七北路，西靠通湖路，北接杨桥路，南达吉庇巷、光禄坊，占地约40公顷。“三坊”是：衣锦坊、文儒坊、光禄坊;“七巷”是：杨桥巷、郎官巷、安民巷、黄巷、塔巷、宫巷、吉庇巷，以南后街为中心轴线从北到南排列整齐，纵向有序，形成“棋盘状”的传统街巷格局。在城市变迁过程中，吉庇巷、杨桥巷和光禄坊被改建为马路，因此：我们今天讲三坊七巷实际只有二坊五巷。

“三坊七巷”历经许多年，格局依旧，基本保留着唐宋遗留下来的坊巷格局，保存较为完好的明清民国建筑计200多座，其中水榭戏台、严复故居、沈葆桢故居等全国重点文物保护单位有9处，是中国目前在市中心保留的规模最大、最完整的明清古建筑街区。“三坊七巷”体现了闽越古城的民居特色，体现福州古名居特有的时代特征和地域特色。建筑结构布局、建筑用材上适应福州潮湿温热的气候特点;院落庭院布局上体现传统家族伦理观念;园林精巧雅致，体现亲近山水的风雅情趣，被建筑界喻为一座规模庞大的“明清古建筑博物馆”。

除明清时代的建筑外，更令人惊叹的是三坊七巷的文化底蕴。近代诗人陈衍作诗提到：“谁知五柳孤松客，却住三坊七巷间。”三坊七巷自晋、唐代形成起，便是贵族和士大夫的聚居地。特别是到了清代中后期，福州士子固有的忧国忧民意识在世道变迁之中表现得更加强烈。这里涌现出一批对当时社会乃至中国近现代史进程产生重要影响的人物。林则徐、沈葆桢、林旭、严复、林觉民、林纾、林徽因、冰心、庐隐、郁达夫、郭化若、吴石……翻动历史，你会惊奇地发现，一大串在中国近现代舞台上风起云涌的人物，他们的生活背景都或多少映现在三坊七巷，可圈可点的达150多人之众。

可以说，三坊七巷成为福州人文荟萃的缩影，凸显着福州人追求正统教化的人文性格与开拓进取的海洋文化精神的相互融合。作为福州城市精神集结地、福州名贤文化纪念地、福州传统商贾文化传承地、福州民俗文化展示地，三坊七巷承载了福州城市发展丰富的历史文化积淀，充分体现三坊七巷历史文化街区物质与非物质文化的特色与价值，是名符其实的中国名片。

每个城市都有独特的历史文化基因，城市在发展过程中要格外珍惜自己的文化遗产。福州也曾走过弯路。上世纪末，全国旧城改造热中，三坊七巷也曾面临相同的被“改造”危险。福建省、福州市及时调整思路，终止了用于房地产开发的原有改造项目。近年来，福建省委、省政府和福州市委、市政府高度重视三坊七巷历史文化街区的保护修复工作，将保护修复福州三坊七巷工作提上重要议事日程。三坊七巷由开发、改造转为整体保护、修复，政府投入逐步加大，保护修复工程支出主要投向民生，使三坊七巷的改造不仅成为物质文化和非物质文化的保护工程，更是改善市民的居住条件、生活条件的安居工程、民心工程。

“三坊七巷要成为活态的文化遗产”国家文物局局长单霁翔给予三坊七巷修复改造工程很高的评价。福州市的探索之可贵，在于同时保护生活形态和非物质文化遗产。修复后的三坊七巷不是排斥了原有居民原生态的旅游区，而是将三坊七巷打造成保持传统文化特色的居住社区，成为具有独特文化景观的城市活力地带。中共福建省委、宣传部长唐国忠说的好：三坊七巷是福州人文荟萃的缩影，闽台深厚渊源活化石，她的成功保护不仅仅是福州的财富，更是海峡两岸、海西经济区的共同荣耀，需要世世代代传承下去。

中山大学由孙中山先生创立于1920_年，现为国家“985工程”大学和“211工程”重点建设的大学，同时也是教育部批准建有研究生院的56所高校之一。

在20_年英国《泰晤士报》世界大学排行榜中排在171位(大陆第五名)，国际声誉和影响明显扩大。学校的一批学科在国内和国际学术领域有更大的影响，中山大学在15个学科领域的论文总被引次数进入全球前1%，仅次于北京大学，与复旦大学、上海交通大学和浙江大学并列国内高校第2位。这15个学科领域分别是化学、临床医学、物理学、生物与生物化学、材料科学、分子生物与遗传学、工程学、植物与动物学、环境/生态学、药理学与毒理学、神经与行为科学、数学、微生物学、农业科学和社会科学总论。ESI数据库共22个学科领域，15个学科领域进入全球前1%，已超过ESI数据库学科领域三分之二。论文总影响力(总被引次数)达126276篇次，世界排名399位，处于前0.08%的位置;十年间我校ESI论文的篇平均被引次数为7.65，在国内高校排第4。

1835年，美国的伯驾医生在广州设立医局，培养了中国最早的西医医生。在此基础上建立了博济医院，于1866年设立医学堂，这是中国最早的医学专科教育机构。1888年，由美国人开设的格致书院在广州开学。

1920_年，孙中山先生亲手将清末以来在广州地区建立地实行近代教育模式的学校，包括国立广东高等师范学校、广东公立法科大学以及广东公立农业专门学校等整合为一体，创立国立广东大学，并亲笔题写校训：“博学、审问、慎思、明辨、笃行”。孙中山先生逝世后，学校于1920_年定名为国立中山大学。至上世纪三十年代，国立中山大学设有文、理、法、工、农、医、师范等7个学院。1935年设立研究院，开始招研究生。

大家好，我叫韦笑，来自中国旅行社。今天就让我带领大家浏览九寨沟的美丽风光吧！

九寨沟的名字是这样来的：在南坪、平武、松潘三县交界的万山丛中，有几条神奇的沟。周围散布着几个藏族村寨，所以人们称它九寨沟。

大家看，这是雪峰，它又高又大，大家抬头看看这雪峰的峰顶银光闪闪，这里大大小小的湖泊，像颗颗宝石镶嵌在彩带般的沟谷中。我以前带别的团的时候，大家都目瞪口呆，惊奇万分，陶醉如痴呀！从河谷至山坡遍布着原始森林呢！那森林在夏天非常绿，非常美丽的！每当天气晴朗时，蓝天、白云、雪峰、森林，都倒映在湖水中，构成了一幅精美的图画，就这样，我们这里的人把这些湖泊叫做五花海、五彩池。由于河谷高低不平，湖泊与湖泊之间，像一级级天然的台阶。由此形成的一道道高低错落的瀑布，宛如白练腾空，非常壮观的。

让我们继续向纵深行进，四处林深叶茂，大家请注意，您已经走到珍稀动物经常出没的地区。也许就在不远处有一只体态粗壮的金丝猴，也许会有一群善于奔跑的羚羊、憨态可掬的大熊猫、或许是一只行动敏捷的小熊猫，总之你会看见珍稀的国宝或是稀有的动物。

雪峰插云、古木参天、平湖飞瀑、异兽珍禽……九寨沟真是一个充满诗情画意的人间仙境，欢迎大家来九寨沟，希望大家再来，如果我说的有什么缺点，请指正。